id sid tid token lemma pos cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 1 key key JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 2 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 3 cord-346890 cord-346890 NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 4 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 5 4vozhns4 4vozhns4 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 6 authors author NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 7 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 8 Prajapati Prajapati NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 10 Deepak Deepak NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 11 G. G. NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 12 ; ; : cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 13 Kandasubramanian Kandasubramanian NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 15 Balasubramanian Balasubramanian NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 16 title title NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 17 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 18 Progress progress VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 19 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 21 Development Development NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 23 Intrinsically intrinsically RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 24 Conducting conduct VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 25 Polymer Polymer NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 26 Composites Composites NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 27 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 28 Biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 29 date date NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 30 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 31 2019 2019 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 32 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 33 04 04 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 34 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 35 23 23 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 36 journal journal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 1 37 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 2 1 Macromol Macromol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 2 2 Chem Chem NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 2 3 Phys Phys NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 2 4 DOI DOI NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 2 5 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 3 1 10.1002 10.1002 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 3 2 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 3 3 macp.201800561 macp.201800561 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 3 4 sha sha NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 3 5 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 4 1 3c6ae08a76ec58954289d4a7759a3eb2e4a015f4 3c6ae08a76ec58954289d4a7759a3eb2e4a015f4 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 4 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 5 1 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 5 2 346890 346890 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 5 3 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 5 4 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 1 4vozhns4 4vozhns4 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 2 Biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 3 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 4 analytical analytical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 5 devices device NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 6 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 7 find find VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 8 extensive extensive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 9 applications application NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 10 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 11 fields field NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 12 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 13 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 15 food food NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 16 industry industry NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 18 defense defense NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 19 sector sector NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 21 environmental environmental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 22 monitoring monitoring NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 25 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 26 clinical clinical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 27 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 6 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 3 intrinsically intrinsically RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 4 conducting conduct VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 5 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 7 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 10 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 11 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 12 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 13 lured lure VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 14 immense immense JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 15 interest interest NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 16 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 17 bio‐sensing bio‐sense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 18 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 19 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 21 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 22 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 23 like like IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 24 compatibility compatibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 25 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 26 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 27 molecules molecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 28 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 29 efficient efficient JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 30 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 31 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 32 upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 33 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 34 reactions reaction NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 35 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 36 loading loading NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 37 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 38 bio‐reagent bio‐reagent NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 39 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 40 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 41 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 42 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 43 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 7 44 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 1 Further further RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 4 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 5 proficient proficient JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 6 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 7 sensing sense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 8 diverse diverse JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 9 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 10 species specie NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 12 compounds compound NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 13 like like IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 14 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 16 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 17 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 18 ≈0.18 ≈0.18 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 19 nm nm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 22 DNA DNA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 24 ≈10 ≈10 NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 25 pm pm NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 27 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 28 cholesterol cholesterol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 30 ≈1 ≈1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 31 µm µm NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 33 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 34 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 36 ≈0.8 ≈0.8 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 37 pm pm NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 39 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 40 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 41 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 42 cancer cancer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 43 cells cell NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 45 ≈5 ≈5 NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 46 pm pm NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 47 mL(−1 mL(−1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 50 making make VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 51 them -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 52 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 53 potential potential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 54 candidate candidate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 55 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 56 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 57 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 58 functions function NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 8 59 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 1 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 2 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 4 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 5 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 6 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 7 extensively extensively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 8 exploited exploit VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 9 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 10 researchers researcher NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 13 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 15 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 16 owing owe VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 17 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 18 these these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 19 peculiarities peculiarity NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 20 ; ; : cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 21 however however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 23 no no DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 24 consolidated consolidated JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 25 literature literature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 26 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 27 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 28 usage usage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 30 conducting conduct VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 31 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 32 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 33 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 34 biosensing biosensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 35 functions function NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 36 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 37 available available JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 9 38 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 2 review review NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 3 extensively extensively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 4 elucidates elucidate VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 5 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 6 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 7 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 9 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 10 conjugated conjugate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 11 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 12 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 13 biosensing biosensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 14 functions function NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 16 copious copious JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 17 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 18 species specie NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 10 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 2 addition addition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 4 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 5 brief brief JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 6 overview overview NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 7 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 8 provided provide VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 9 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 10 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 11 forms form NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 13 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 16 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 17 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 19 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 20 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 21 methods method NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 23 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 24 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 25 species specie NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 26 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 27 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 28 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 29 life life NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 30 cycle cycle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 31 assessment assessment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 32 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 33 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 34 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 35 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 36 biosensing biosensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 37 applications application NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 38 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 39 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 40 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 41 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 42 analysis analysis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 11 43 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 1 Human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 2 life life NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 3 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 4 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 5 surrounded surround VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 6 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 8 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 10 sensors sensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 13 simplicity simplicity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 15 living living NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 12 16 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 1 Over over IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 3 last last JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 4 few few JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 5 decades decade NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 7 progression progression NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 9 investigation investigation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 10 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 12 arena arena NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 14 sensors sensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 15 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 16 augmented augment VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 17 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 18 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 19 exponential exponential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 20 manner manner NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 21 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 22 terms term NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 24 published publish VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 25 literature literature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 26 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 27 capital capital NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 28 spent spend VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 29 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 30 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 13 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 2 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 4 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 6 Various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 7 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 8 devices device NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 9 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 10 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 11 temperature temperature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 12 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 14 3 3 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 17 4 4 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 20 5 5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 23 thermometer thermometer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 26 gas gas NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 27 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 29 6 6 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 32 7 7 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 14 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 2 8 8 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 5 vehicle vehicle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 6 's 's POS cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 7 emission emission NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 8 control control NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 9 system system NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 12 motion motion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 13 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 15 9 9 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 18 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 21 11 11 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 24 home home NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 25 security security NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 26 lights light NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 28 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 29 photosensor photosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 31 12 12 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 15 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 16 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 16 2 13 13 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 16 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 2 14 14 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 5 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 6 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 8 infrared infrared JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 10 ultraviolet ultraviolet JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 11 light light NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 14 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 15 tactile tactile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 16 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 18 15 15 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 21 16 16 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 17 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 2 17 17 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 5 touchscreen touchscreen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 6 devices device NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 8 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 9 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 10 developed develop VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 12 comprehensively comprehensively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 13 explored explore VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 14 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 16 scientific scientific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 17 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 18 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 1 Additionally additionally RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 3 microelectronic microelectronic NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 4 circuits circuit NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 5 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 6 micro micro JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 7 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 8 fabricated fabricate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 9 structures structure NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 10 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 11 associated associate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 12 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 13 small small JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 14 volumes volume NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 16 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 17 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 18 microliters microliter NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 19 required require VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 20 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 21 carry carry VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 22 out out RP cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 24 process process NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 25 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 26 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 27 small small JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 28 scale scale NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 19 29 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 1 And and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 2 finally finally RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 5 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 7 nanotechnology nanotechnology NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 8 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 9 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 10 significant significant JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 11 role role NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 14 advancement advancement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 16 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 17 owing owe VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 18 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 19 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 20 nanostructure nanostructure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 21 property property NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 22 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 23 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 24 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 25 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 26 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 27 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 28 large large JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 29 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 30 area area NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 31 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 32 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 33 so so RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 34 on on RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 20 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 21 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 21 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 21 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 21 4 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 21 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 21 6 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 21 7 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 21 8 truly truly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 21 9 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 21 10 multidisciplinary multidisciplinary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 21 11 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 21 12 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 2 term term NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 3 " " `` cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 4 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 5 " " '' cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 6 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 7 coined coin VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 8 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 9 Clark Clark NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 10 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 11 associates associate NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 13 1962 1962 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 14 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 16 developed develop VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 17 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 18 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 19 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 20 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 21 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 22 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 23 device device NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 25 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 26 quantified quantify VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 27 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 28 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 30 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 31 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 32 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 33 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 34 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 35 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 36 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 37 oxygen oxygen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 38 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 39 via via IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 40 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 41 semi semi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 42 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 43 permeable permeable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 44 membrane membrane NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 22 45 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 23 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 23 2 25 25 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 23 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 1 Since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 2 then then RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 4 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 5 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 6 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 7 adaptability adaptability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 9 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 10 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 11 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 12 urbanized urbanized JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 13 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 15 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 17 some some DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 18 complex complex JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 19 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 20 species specie NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 21 like like IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 22 virus virus NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 24 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 2 26 26 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 4 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 6 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 7 27 27 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 8 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 9 insulin insulin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 12 28 28 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 14 neurotransmitters neurotransmitter NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 17 29 29 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 19 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 20 hormones hormone NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 25 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 26 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 26 2 30 30 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 26 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 2 recent recent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 3 times time NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 5 menacing menacing JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 6 diseases disease NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 7 caused cause VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 8 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 9 viruses virus NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 12 instance instance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 14 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 15 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 16 virus virus NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 18 HIV HIV NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 21 severe severe JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 22 acute acute JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 23 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 24 syndrome syndrome NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 25 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 27 SARS SARS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 28 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 29 CoV CoV NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 31 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 32 Nipah Nipah NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 33 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 34 avian avian JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 35 influenza influenza NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 36 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 37 Hendra Hendra NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 38 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 39 etc etc FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 40 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 41 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 42 affected affect VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 43 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 44 life life NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 45 significantly significantly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 46 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 47 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 48 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 49 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 50 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 51 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 52 beneficial beneficial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 53 tool tool NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 54 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 55 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 56 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 57 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 58 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 59 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 60 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 61 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 62 site site NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 63 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 64 realtime realtime NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 65 monitoring monitoring NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 66 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 67 early early JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 68 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 69 capability capability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 27 70 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 28 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 28 2 31 31 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 28 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 28 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 28 5 32 32 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 28 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 28 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 28 8 33 33 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 28 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 1 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 2 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 3 performance performance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 4 evaluation evaluation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 5 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 6 primarily primarily RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 7 executed execute VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 8 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 10 basis basis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 13 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 15 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 17 reproducibility reproducibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 19 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 21 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 23 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 24 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 25 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 27 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 28 other other JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 29 peculiarities peculiarity NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 29 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 2 24 24 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 4 Also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 6 other other JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 7 parameters parameter NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 8 like like IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 9 portability portability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 11 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 12 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 14 accessibility accessibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 16 storage storage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 19 operational operational JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 20 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 21 need need VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 22 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 23 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 24 considered consider VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 30 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 1 Numerous numerous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 2 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 3 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 4 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 5 semiconductor semiconductor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 8 34 34 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 10 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 11 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 14 35 35 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 16 metal metal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 17 oxide oxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 20 36 36 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 22 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 23 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 24 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 25 nanomaterial nanomaterial NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 28 37 37 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 30 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 31 intrinsically intrinsically RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 32 conducting conduct VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 33 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 35 29 29 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 38 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 40 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 41 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 42 developed develop VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 43 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 44 biosensing biosense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 45 applications application NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 31 46 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 1 Among among IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 3 abovementioned abovementioned JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 4 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 6 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 7 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 8 much much RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 9 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 10 admired admire VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 12 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 13 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 14 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 15 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 16 paramount paramount JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 17 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 18 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 19 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 20 biocompatibility biocompatibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 23 38 38 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 25 inimitable inimitable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 26 electronic electronic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 27 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 29 39 39 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 32 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 33 facile facile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 34 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 35 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 36 electrons electron NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 38 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 39 tunable tunable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 40 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 41 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 43 40 40 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 46 via via IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 47 doping doping NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 49 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 50 environmental environmental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 51 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 52 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 53 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 54 41 41 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 55 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 56 facile facile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 57 corrosion corrosion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 58 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 59 free free JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 60 synthesis synthesis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 61 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 62 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 63 42 42 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 64 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 65 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 66 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 67 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 68 small small JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 69 perturbations perturbation NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 32 70 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 33 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 33 2 43 43 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 33 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 1 Because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 4 efficient efficient JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 5 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 6 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 7 capability capability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 9 formed form VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 10 upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 11 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 12 reactions reaction NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 14 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 15 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 16 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 17 comprehensively comprehensively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 18 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 19 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 20 transducers transducer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 21 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 22 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 23 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 24 forms form VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 25 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 26 intermediary intermediary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 27 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 28 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 29 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 30 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 31 molecule molecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 32 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 33 electronics electronic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 34 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 35 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 36 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 37 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 38 signal signal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 39 readout readout NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 34 40 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 1 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 2 number number NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 4 investigations investigation NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 5 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 6 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 7 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 8 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 9 carried carry VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 10 out out RP cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 13 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 15 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 16 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 17 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 18 typical typical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 19 example example NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 20 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 21 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 22 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 23 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 35 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 1 Gao Gao NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 4 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 5 exploited exploit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 6 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 7 enzymatically enzymatically RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 8 catalyzed catalyze VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 9 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 10 polyaniline polyaniline NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 12 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 13 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 14 found find VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 16 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 18 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 20 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 21 fM fm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 22 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 23 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 24 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 36 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 37 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 37 2 44 44 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 37 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 1 Another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 2 researcher researcher NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 4 Komaravo Komaravo NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 5 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 7 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 9 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 10 polypyrrolebased polypyrrolebased JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 11 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 12 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 14 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 16 Variola Variola NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 17 major major JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 18 virus virus NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 19 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 20 achieved achieve VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 21 16 16 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 22 pM pm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 23 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 24 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 38 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 39 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 39 2 45 45 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 39 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 40 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 40 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 40 3 Krishnamoorthy Krishnamoorthy NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 40 4 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 40 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 40 6 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 1 electrochemically electrochemically RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 2 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 3 poly(3,4-ethylene poly(3,4-ethylene JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 4 dioxythiophene dioxythiophene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 6 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 7 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 9 developed develop VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 11 label label NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 12 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 13 free free JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 14 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 15 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 16 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 17 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 18 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 19 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 21 8 8 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 22 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 41 23 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 42 1 −8 −8 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 42 2 g g NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 42 3 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 42 4 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 42 5 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 43 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 43 2 46 46 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 43 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 2 scope scope NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 4 diverse diverse JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 5 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 7 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 8 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 9 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 10 conducting conduct VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 11 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 12 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 13 illustrated illustrate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 15 Figure figure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 16 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 44 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 1 Multifunctional multifunctional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 2 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 4 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 5 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 6 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 7 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 8 extensively extensively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 9 explored explore VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 10 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 12 combines combine VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 14 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 16 conjugated conjugate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 17 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 20 reinforcement reinforcement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 21 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 22 giving give VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 23 rise rise NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 24 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 25 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 26 synergetic synergetic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 27 effect effect NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 28 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 29 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 30 demonstrating demonstrate VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 31 improved improve VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 32 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 33 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 34 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 35 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 36 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 37 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 38 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 39 complex complex JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 40 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 41 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 45 42 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 46 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 46 2 47 47 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 46 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 46 4 48 48 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 46 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 3 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 5 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 6 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 7 arrest arrest VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 8 agglomeration agglomeration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 10 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 11 Deepak Deepak NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 12 G. G. NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 13 Prajapati Prajapati NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 14 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 15 presently presently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 16 pursuing pursue VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 17 his -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 18 Master Master NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 19 's 's POS cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 20 degree degree NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 21 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 22 metallurgical metallurgical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 24 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 25 engineering engineering NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 26 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 27 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 28 Defense Defense NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 29 Institute Institute NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 30 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 31 Advanced Advanced NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 32 Technology Technology NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 33 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 34 Pune Pune NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 47 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 1 He -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 2 received receive VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 3 his -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 4 Bachelor Bachelor NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 5 's 's POS cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 6 degree degree NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 7 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 8 plastic plastic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 10 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 11 engineering engineering NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 12 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 13 Maharashtra Maharashtra NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 14 Institute Institute NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 16 Technology Technology NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 18 Aurangabad Aurangabad NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 19 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 20 2014 2014 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 21 - - SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 22 2017 2017 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 48 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 1 He -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 2 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 3 completed complete VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 4 his -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 5 diploma diploma NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 6 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 7 plastics plastic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 8 engineering engineering NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 9 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 10 Shri Shri NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 11 Bhagubhai Bhagubhai NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 12 Mafatlal Mafatlal NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 13 Polytechnic Polytechnic NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 15 Mumbai Mumbai NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 17 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 18 2010 2010 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 19 - - SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 20 2014 2014 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 49 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 1 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 2 research research NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 3 interests interest NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 4 include include VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 5 conductive conductive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 6 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 8 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 10 phase phase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 11 changing change VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 12 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 14 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 15 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 16 food food NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 18 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 19 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 20 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 21 ecological ecological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 22 applications application NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 50 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 1 Kandasubramanian Kandasubramanian NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 2 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 3 professor professor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 4 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 5 head head NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 7 department department NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 9 Metallurgical Metallurgical NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 10 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 11 Materials Materials NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 12 Engineering Engineering NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 14 DIAT(DU DIAT(DU NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 17 Ministry Ministry NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 19 Defense Defense NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 21 India India NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 24 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 25 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 26 highly highly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 27 acclaimed acclaim VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 28 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 29 his -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 30 contribution contribution NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 31 toward toward IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 32 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 33 processing processing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 34 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 35 fabrication fabrication NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 36 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 37 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 38 applications application NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 39 including include VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 40 smart smart JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 41 textiles textile NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 42 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 43 hydrophobic hydrophobic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 44 coatings coating NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 45 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 46 ablative ablative JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 47 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 48 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 49 fire fire NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 50 retardant retardant NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 51 fabrics fabric NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 52 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 53 waste waste NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 54 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 55 water water NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 56 treatments treatment NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 57 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 58 etc etc FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 51 59 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 52 1 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 52 2 defense defense NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 52 3 applications application NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 52 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 1 He -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 2 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 3 actively actively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 4 involved involve VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 5 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 7 development development NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 9 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 10 research research NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 11 laboratories laboratory NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 12 including include VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 13 Nano Nano NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 14 Texturing Texturing NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 16 Advanced advanced JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 17 Characterization Characterization NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 19 FESEM FESEM NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 21 HRTEM HRTEM NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 23 SAXS SAXS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 26 Additive Additive NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 27 Manufacturing Manufacturing NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 28 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 29 etc etc FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 53 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 2 research research NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 3 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 5 his -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 6 research research NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 7 group group NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 8 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 9 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 10 classified classify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 11 under under IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 12 five five CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 13 categories category NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 14 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 15 water water NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 16 management management NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 17 ; ; : cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 18 smart smart JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 19 textiles textile NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 20 ; ; : cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 21 biomimicking biomimicking NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 23 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 24 ; ; : cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 25 structural structural JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 26 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 27 ; ; : cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 28 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 29 advanced advanced JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 30 coatings coating NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 31 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 32 defense defense NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 33 applications application NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 54 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 1 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 2 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 3 dispersion dispersion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 4 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 5 conductive conductive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 6 organic organic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 7 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 9 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 10 prevent prevent VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 11 restacking restacking NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 12 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 13 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 14 steric steric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 15 hindrance hindrance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 16 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 17 electrostatic electrostatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 18 interactions interaction NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 55 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 56 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 56 2 49 49 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 56 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 1 Simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 3 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 4 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 5 enhance enhance VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 7 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 8 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 9 rates rate NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 10 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 11 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 12 reactions reaction NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 13 thereby thereby RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 14 proving prove VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 15 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 16 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 17 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 18 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 57 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 1 Various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 2 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 4 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 5 instance instance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 7 gold gold NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 8 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 10 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 11 nanotube nanotube NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 13 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 15 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 16 oxide oxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 18 metal metal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 19 oxide oxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 21 etc etc FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 23 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 24 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 25 explored explore VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 26 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 27 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 28 reinforcement reinforcement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 29 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 30 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 31 thanks thank NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 32 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 33 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 34 unique unique JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 35 chemical chemical NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 36 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 37 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 38 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 39 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 40 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 41 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 42 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 43 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 58 44 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 2 50 50 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 4 Nanomaterial Nanomaterial NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 5 integrated integrate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 6 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 7 biosensing biosense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 8 device device NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 9 bids bid VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 11 possibility possibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 13 realizing realize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 14 economical economical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 16 easy easy JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 17 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 18 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 19 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 20 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 23 portable portable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 24 device device NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 25 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 26 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 27 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 28 proficiency proficiency NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 30 miniaturization miniaturization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 31 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 32 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 33 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 34 as as RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 35 well well RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 36 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 37 transduction transduction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 38 system system NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 59 39 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 2 2 2 LS cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 4 Alternatively alternatively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 6 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 7 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 8 prove prove VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 9 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 10 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 11 ideal ideal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 12 remedy remedy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 13 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 14 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 15 contradictory contradictory JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 16 issues issue NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 17 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 18 optimizing optimize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 19 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 20 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 21 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 22 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 23 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 24 effectual effectual JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 25 loading loading NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 27 minimal minimal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 28 diffusion diffusion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 29 limitations limitation NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 30 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 31 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 32 maximal maximal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 33 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 34 area area NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 35 per per IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 36 unit unit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 37 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 38 mass mass NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 60 39 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 61 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 61 2 51 51 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 61 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 2 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 3 context context NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 5 extensive extensive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 6 literature literature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 7 analysis analysis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 8 reveals reveal VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 9 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 10 no no DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 11 consolidated consolidated JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 12 literature literature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 13 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 14 as as RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 15 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 16 available available JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 17 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 18 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 19 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 20 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 22 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 23 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 24 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 25 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 26 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 27 biosensing biosense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 28 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 29 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 30 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 31 best good JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 32 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 33 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 34 perception perception NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 62 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 4 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 5 discussed discuss VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 6 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 7 detail detail NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 8 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 10 significance significance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 12 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 13 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 14 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 15 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 16 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 17 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 18 gold gold NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 19 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 21 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 22 nanotubes nanotube NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 24 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 25 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 26 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 27 derivatives derivative NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 28 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 29 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 30 hybrid hybrid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 31 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 32 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 33 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 34 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 35 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 36 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 37 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 38 biosensing biosense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 39 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 40 copious copious JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 41 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 63 42 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 1 Simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 4 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 5 described describe VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 7 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 8 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 10 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 11 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 12 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 13 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 14 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 16 DNAs dna NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 19 antibodies antibody NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 20 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 21 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 22 interaction interaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 23 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 24 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 25 organic organic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 26 counterpart counterpart NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 27 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 28 leads lead VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 29 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 30 signal signal VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 31 generation generation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 64 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 1 Further further RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 4 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 5 briefly briefly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 6 discussed discuss VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 8 importance importance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 10 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 13 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 15 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 16 methodologies methodology NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 17 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 18 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 20 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 21 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 23 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 24 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 25 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 26 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 27 mandatory mandatory JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 28 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 29 increase increase VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 30 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 31 performance performance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 32 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 33 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 34 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 65 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 1 Finally finally RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 4 conclude conclude VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 6 review review NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 7 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 8 discussing discuss VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 10 life life NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 11 cycle cycle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 12 assessment assessment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 14 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 15 biosensing biosensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 16 devices device NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 17 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 18 developed develop VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 19 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 21 world world NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 66 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 1 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 2 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 3 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 4 class class NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 6 organic organic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 7 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 8 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 9 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 10 metallic metallic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 11 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 12 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 13 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 14 electronic electronic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 16 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 18 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 19 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 20 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 21 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 22 while while IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 23 retaining retain VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 25 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 27 traditional traditional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 28 organic organic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 29 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 30 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 31 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 32 facile facile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 33 synthesis synthesis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 34 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 35 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 36 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 37 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 38 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 39 corrosion corrosion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 40 resistance resistance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 67 41 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 68 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 68 2 52 52 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 68 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 68 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 68 5 53 53 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 68 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 68 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 68 8 54 54 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 68 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 2 55 55 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 4 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 5 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 6 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 7 either either CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 8 insulator insulator NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 9 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 10 semi semi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 11 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 12 conductor conductor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 13 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 14 undoped undoped JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 15 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 16 neutral neutral JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 17 form form NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 18 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 19 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 20 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 21 transformed transform VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 22 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 23 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 24 form form NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 25 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 26 redox redox JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 27 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 28 forming form VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 29 delocalized delocalized JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 30 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 31 carriers carrier NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 69 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 2 general general JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 4 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 5 possess possess VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 6 alternating alternate VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 7 single single JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 9 σ σ NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 12 double double JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 14 π π NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 16 bonds bond NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 17 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 19 main main JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 20 chain chain NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 22 these these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 23 π π RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 24 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 25 conjugated conjugate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 26 systems system NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 27 impart impart VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 28 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 29 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 30 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 31 inherent inherent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 32 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 33 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 34 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 35 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 36 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 37 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 38 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 39 electronic electronic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 40 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 70 41 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 2 benefit benefit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 3 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 4 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 5 possesses possess VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 6 over over IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 7 several several JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 8 organic organic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 9 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 10 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 11 tunable tunable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 12 chemical chemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 13 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 15 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 16 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 17 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 18 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 19 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 20 alter alter VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 21 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 22 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 24 solubility solubility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 25 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 26 these these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 27 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 71 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 1 For for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 2 example example NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 4 adopting adopt VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 5 poly(3-hexylthiophene poly(3-hexylthiophene NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 7 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 9 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 10 group group NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 11 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 12 enhance enhance VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 14 processibility processibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 16 solubility solubility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 18 some some DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 19 insoluble insoluble JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 20 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 72 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 73 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 73 2 56 56 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 73 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 1 Among among IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 3 copious copious JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 4 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 6 aromatic aromatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 7 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 8 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 9 conductive conductive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 10 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 11 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 12 attracted attract VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 13 great great JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 14 attention attention NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 16 researchers researcher NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 17 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 19 offers offer VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 20 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 21 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 23 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 24 chemical chemical NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 25 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 26 thermal thermal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 27 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 74 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 75 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 75 2 57 57 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 75 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 1 As as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 2 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 3 saturated saturated JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 4 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 6 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 7 all all PDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 9 four four CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 10 valence valence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 11 electrons electron NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 13 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 14 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 15 covalently covalently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 16 bonded bond VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 19 electronic electronic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 20 configuration configuration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 22 conjugated conjugate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 23 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 24 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 25 totally totally RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 26 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 76 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 2 chemical chemical NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 3 bonding bonding NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 5 here here RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 7 leads lead VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 8 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 9 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 10 unpaired unpaired JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 11 π π NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 12 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 13 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 14 per per IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 15 atom atom NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 17 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 77 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 1 Also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 3 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 4 π π NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 5 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 6 bonding bonding NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 7 leads lead NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 8 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 9 delocalization delocalization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 11 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 12 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 13 lateral lateral JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 14 overlapping overlapping NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 16 p p NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 17 - - : cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 18 orbitals orbital NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 19 alongside alongside IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 21 backbone backbone NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 24 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 26 providing provide VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 27 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 28 " " `` cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 29 highway highway NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 30 " " '' cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 31 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 32 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 33 mobility mobility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 78 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 2 unique unique JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 3 electronic electronic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 4 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 6 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 7 contributes contribute VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 8 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 9 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 10 ionization ionization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 11 potential potential NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 13 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 14 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 15 affinity affinity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 18 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 19 energy energy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 20 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 21 transition transition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 22 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 23 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 24 turn turn NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 25 leads lead VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 26 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 27 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 28 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 29 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 79 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 80 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 80 2 58 58 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 80 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 1 However however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 3 conjugation conjugation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 4 alone alone RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 5 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 6 not not RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 7 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 8 enough enough RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 9 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 10 contribute contribute VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 11 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 12 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 14 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 15 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 81 16 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 3 doping doping NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 4 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 5 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 6 process process NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 7 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 9 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 10 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 11 augmented augment VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 12 up up RP cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 13 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 14 several several JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 15 orders order NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 17 magnitude magnitude NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 18 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 19 introducing introduce VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 20 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 21 doping doping NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 22 agents agent NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 23 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 24 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 25 either either DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 26 partial partial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 27 oxidizing oxidizing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 29 p p NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 30 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 31 doping doping NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 33 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 34 partial partial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 35 reducing reduce VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 36 agents agent NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 38 n n NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 39 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 40 doping doping NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 82 42 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 2 59 59 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 4 With with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 6 help help NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 8 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 9 process process NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 11 charged charge VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 12 defects defect NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 13 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 14 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 15 soliton soliton NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 17 polaron polaron NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 19 radical radical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 20 ions ion NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 24 bipolaron bipolaron NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 25 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 26 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 27 introduced introduce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 28 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 29 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 30 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 31 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 32 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 33 then then RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 34 available available JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 35 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 36 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 37 carriers carrier NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 83 38 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 1 To to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 2 date date NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 4 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 5 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 6 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 8 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 11 solitary solitary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 12 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 13 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 14 not not RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 15 commercialized commercialize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 16 owing owe VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 17 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 19 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 20 poisoning poisoning NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 21 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 23 adsorbed adsorbed JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 24 intermediates intermediate NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 26 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 27 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 28 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 29 poor poor JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 30 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 31 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 32 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 33 intervention intervention NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 34 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 35 additional additional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 36 species specie NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 84 37 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 1 Also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 3 though though IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 4 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 5 provide provide VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 6 copious copious JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 7 benefits benefit NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 10 progress progress NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 12 increasing increase VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 14 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 15 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 16 not not RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 17 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 18 commensurate commensurate JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 19 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 20 those those DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 23 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 24 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 25 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 27 metallic metallic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 28 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 29 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 30 metal metal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 31 oxide oxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 32 counterparts counterpart NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 85 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 86 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 86 2 60 60 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 86 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 3 forming form VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 4 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 6 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 7 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 8 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 9 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 10 avoid avoid VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 11 these these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 12 difficulties difficulty NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 13 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 14 find find VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 15 attractive attractive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 16 features feature NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 17 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 19 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 21 biosensing biosensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 87 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 2 61 61 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 4 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 5 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 6 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 7 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 8 hybridized hybridize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 10 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 11 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 12 other other JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 13 heterogeneous heterogeneous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 14 components component NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 15 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 16 overcome overcome VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 18 limitations limitation NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 19 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 20 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 21 long long JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 22 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 23 term term NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 24 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 27 62 62 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 29 solubility solubility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 30 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 32 63 63 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 34 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 35 processing processing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 88 36 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 89 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 89 2 24 24 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 89 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 1 These these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 2 components component NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 3 not not RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 4 only only RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 5 provide provide VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 6 augmented augment VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 7 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 9 thermal thermal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 10 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 12 but but CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 13 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 14 distinct distinct JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 15 functionalities functionality NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 16 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 17 depend depend VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 18 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 19 chemical chemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 20 nature nature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 22 crystallinity crystallinity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 24 size size NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 26 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 27 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 29 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 30 reinforcement reinforcement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 90 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 2 38 38 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 4 Strategic strategic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 5 coupling coupling NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 8 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 9 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 10 other other JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 11 counterparts counterpart NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 12 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 13 result result VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 15 many many JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 16 epitome epitome JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 17 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 18 providing provide VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 19 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 20 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 21 myriad myriad JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 22 applications application NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 23 ranging range VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 24 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 25 storage storage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 26 device device NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 27 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 28 sensors sensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 29 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 30 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 91 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 92 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 92 2 64 64 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 92 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 92 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 92 5 65 65 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 92 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 93 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 93 2 66 66 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 93 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 1 Successful successful JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 2 incorporation incorporation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 4 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 5 particle particle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 6 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 7 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 8 framework framework NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 9 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 10 provides provide VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 11 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 12 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 13 rate rate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 15 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 16 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 17 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 19 altered alter VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 20 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 21 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 22 electrolyte electrolyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 23 interface interface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 94 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 95 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 95 2 67 67 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 95 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 3 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 5 nanoscience nanoscience NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 6 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 7 nanotechnology nanotechnology NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 9 incorporation incorporation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 11 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 12 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 13 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 14 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 15 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 16 attracted attract VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 17 considerable considerable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 18 attention attention NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 20 scientists scientist NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 21 as as RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 22 well well RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 23 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 24 researchers researcher NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 96 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 97 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 97 2 68 68 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 97 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 2 arena arena NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 4 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 5 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 6 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 7 nanocomposite nanocomposite NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 8 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 9 expanded expand VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 10 enormously enormously RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 11 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 14 potential potential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 15 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 16 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 17 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 18 superior superior JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 19 electrocatalytic electrocatalytic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 20 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 22 augmented augment VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 23 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 24 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 26 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 27 decent decent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 28 chemical chemical NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 29 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 30 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 31 aqueous aqueous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 32 solution solution NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 98 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 2 69 69 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 4 Interest interest NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 5 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 6 integrating integrate VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 7 metal metal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 8 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 9 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 10 motivated motivate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 11 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 13 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 15 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 16 due due JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 17 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 19 nano nano NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 20 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 21 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 22 size size NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 24 unique unique JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 25 physical physical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 27 electronic electronic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 28 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 29 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 30 chemical chemical NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 31 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 33 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 34 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 35 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 36 bulk bulk JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 37 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 39 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 40 flexibility flexibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 41 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 42 build build VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 43 amended amend VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 44 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 45 novel novel JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 46 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 47 device device NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 99 48 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 2 70 70 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 4 Incorporation Incorporation NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 6 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 7 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 8 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 9 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 11 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 12 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 13 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 15 GN GN NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 18 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 19 nanotube nanotube NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 21 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 24 leads lead VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 25 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 26 interaction interaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 27 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 28 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 29 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 30 GN GN NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 31 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 32 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 33 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 34 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 35 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 36 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 37 important important JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 38 attribute attribute NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 39 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 40 regulates regulate VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 41 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 42 efficiency efficiency NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 43 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 44 working working NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 45 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 46 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 47 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 48 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 49 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 50 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 51 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 100 52 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 2 71 71 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 4 Conjugation conjugation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 5 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 6 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 8 highly highly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 9 hydrophobic hydrophobic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 10 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 12 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 13 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 14 GN GN NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 15 allows allow VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 16 them -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 17 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 18 interact interact VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 19 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 21 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 22 via via IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 23 hydrophobic hydrophobic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 25 electrostatic electrostatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 26 interactions interaction NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 101 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 1 Hence hence RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 3 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 4 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 5 customized customize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 6 approach approach NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 7 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 8 developing develop VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 9 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 10 novel novel JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 11 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 13 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 14 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 15 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 16 combination combination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 17 will will MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 18 give give VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 19 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 20 entirely entirely RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 21 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 22 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 23 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 24 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 25 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 26 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 27 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 28 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 29 new new JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 30 set set NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 31 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 32 fascinating fascinating JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 33 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 102 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 2 72 72 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 5 73 73 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 8 74 74 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 10 Selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 12 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 13 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 14 largely largely RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 15 depends depend VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 16 upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 18 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 19 element element NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 21 e.g. e.g. RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 23 antibody antibody NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 25 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 26 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 27 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 28 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 29 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 30 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 31 host host NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 32 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 33 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 34 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 35 interaction interaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 36 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 37 them -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 103 38 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 3 integration integration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 5 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 6 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 7 convenient convenient JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 9 attaining attain VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 10 adequate adequate JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 11 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 12 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 13 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 14 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 15 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 16 acts act VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 17 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 18 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 19 redox redox JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 20 mediator mediator NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 22 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 23 molecule molecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 25 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 26 acts act VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 27 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 28 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 29 selective selective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 30 adsorbate adsorbate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 31 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 32 these these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 33 molecules molecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 104 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 2 75 75 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 5 76 76 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 8 77 77 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 10 _SP cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 11 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 12 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 13 definition definition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 15 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 16 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 17 given give VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 18 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 19 IUPAC IUPAC NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 20 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 21 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 22 selfcontained selfcontained JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 23 integral integral JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 24 device device NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 25 capable capable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 27 issuing issue VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 28 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 29 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 30 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 31 semi semi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 32 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 33 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 34 analytical analytical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 35 information information NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 36 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 37 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 38 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 39 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 40 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 41 bio bio JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 42 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 43 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 44 element element NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 45 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 46 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 47 retained retain VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 48 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 49 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 50 transduction transduction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 51 element element NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 52 via via IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 53 direct direct JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 54 spatial spatial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 55 contact contact NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 105 56 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 2 78 78 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 4 As as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 5 mentioned mention VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 6 earlier early RBR cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 9 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 10 consists consist VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 12 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 13 bio bio JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 14 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 15 receptor receptor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 16 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 17 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 18 capable capable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 20 determining determine VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 21 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 22 target target NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 23 analyte analyte VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 24 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 25 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 26 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 27 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 28 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 29 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 30 molecule molecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 31 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 32 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 33 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 34 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 35 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 36 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 37 conversion conversion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 38 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 39 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 40 signal signal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 41 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 42 readable readable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 43 output output NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 106 44 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 2 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 3 amid amid IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 4 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 5 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 7 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 8 causes cause VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 9 chemical chemical NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 10 alterations alteration NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 11 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 12 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 13 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 15 mass mass NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 16 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 17 pH ph NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 19 release release NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 21 heat heat NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 23 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 25 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 26 chemical chemical NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 27 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 28 flowing flow VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 30 electrons electron NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 31 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 32 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 33 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 34 transformed transform VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 35 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 36 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 37 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 38 output output NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 39 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 40 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 107 41 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 2 aim aim NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 4 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 5 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 6 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 7 generation generation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 9 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 10 digital digital JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 11 signal signal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 12 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 13 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 14 relative relative JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 15 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 17 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 20 peculiar peculiar JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 21 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 108 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 2 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 4 signal signal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 5 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 6 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 7 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 8 transduced transduce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 9 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 10 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 11 depends depend VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 12 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 14 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 16 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 18 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 19 state state NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 21 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 25 binding binding NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 26 molecule molecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 27 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 109 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 1 For for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 2 example example NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 4 small small JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 5 molecule molecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 6 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 7 diffuse diffuse VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 8 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 10 polymeric polymeric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 11 chains chain NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 12 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 13 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 14 give give VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 15 rise rise NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 16 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 17 chemical chemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 18 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 19 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 20 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 22 thereby thereby RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 23 varying vary VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 24 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 25 state state NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 27 doping doping NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 110 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 3 initial initial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 4 stage stage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 7 bio bio JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 8 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 9 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 10 molecule molecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 11 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 12 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 13 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 15 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 16 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 17 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 18 forms form VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 19 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 20 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 21 complex complex NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 22 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 24 target target NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 25 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 111 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 2 context context NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 3 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 4 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 5 binding bind VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 6 partner partner NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 9 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 10 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 11 often often RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 12 undergoes undergo VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 13 conformational conformational JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 14 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 15 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 16 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 17 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 18 immediately immediately RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 19 detected detect VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 20 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 21 transduced transduce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 22 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 24 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 25 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 26 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 27 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 112 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 2 effects effect NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 4 interaction interaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 5 among among IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 7 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 8 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 10 target target NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 11 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 12 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 13 quantified quantify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 14 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 15 recognized recognize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 16 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 18 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 20 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 21 transducers transducer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 23 electronic electronic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 24 section section NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 25 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 26 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 27 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 113 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 2 transduction transduction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 5 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 6 signal signal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 7 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 8 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 9 carried carry VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 10 out out RP cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 13 form form NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 15 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 17 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 19 thermometric thermometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 22 piezoelectric piezoelectric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 23 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 24 combined combine VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 25 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 26 bioreceptors bioreceptor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 114 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 115 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 115 2 79 79 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 115 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 2 idea idea NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 4 incorporating incorporate VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 6 receptor receptor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 7 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 9 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 10 system system NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 11 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 12 actually actually RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 13 originated originate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 14 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 15 Mother Mother NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 16 Nature Nature NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 17 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 19 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 20 developed develop VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 21 some some DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 22 exceptional exceptional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 23 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 24 capabilities capability NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 25 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 26 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 27 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 29 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 30 evolution evolution NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 31 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 32 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 33 species specie NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 34 almost almost RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 35 billions billion NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 36 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 37 years year NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 38 ago ago RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 116 39 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 2 most most RBS cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 3 typical typical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 4 example example NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 6 natural natural JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 7 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 8 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 9 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 10 beings being NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 11 having have VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 12 five five CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 13 senses sense NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 14 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 15 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 16 touch touch NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 18 smell smell NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 19 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 20 taste taste NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 22 hearing hearing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 25 sight sight NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 26 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 27 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 28 ability ability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 30 skin skin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 31 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 32 nose nose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 33 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 34 tongue tongue NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 35 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 36 ear ear NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 37 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 38 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 39 eyes eye NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 40 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 41 respectively respectively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 117 42 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 3 inspired inspire VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 4 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 5 nature nature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 7 researchers researcher NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 8 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 9 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 10 trying try VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 11 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 12 " " `` cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 13 mimic mimic VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 14 " " '' cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 118 16 www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advancedsciencenews.com ADD cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 1 www.mcp-journal.de www.mcp-journal.de NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 2 natural natural JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 3 counterparts counterpart NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 4 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 5 produce produce VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 6 devices device NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 8 termed term VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 9 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 10 " " `` cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 11 Biomimetic Biomimetic NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 13 " " '' cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 15 80 80 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 18 81 81 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 21 82 82 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 23 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 24 example example NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 26 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 27 analog analog NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 29 eardrum eardrum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 30 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 31 mammalians mammalian NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 32 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 33 produce produce VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 34 flexible flexible JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 35 diaphragms diaphragm NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 36 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 37 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 38 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 39 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 40 microphone microphone NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 41 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 42 pressure pressure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 43 sensors sensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 119 44 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 120 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 120 2 83 83 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 120 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 1 Some some DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 4 examples example NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 5 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 7 natural natural JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 8 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 10 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 11 working work VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 12 principle principle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 13 compared compare VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 14 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 15 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 16 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 17 depicted depict VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 18 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 19 Figure figure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 20 3 3 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 121 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 1 Biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 2 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 3 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 4 classified classify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 5 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 6 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 8 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 10 bio bio JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 11 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 12 recognition recognition NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 13 element element NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 14 but but CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 15 keeping keep VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 16 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 17 context context NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 19 diversity diversity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 21 structural structural JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 22 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 23 molecule molecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 24 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 26 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 27 difficult difficult JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 28 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 29 classify classify VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 30 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 31 newer new JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 32 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 33 strictly strictly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 34 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 35 structural structural JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 36 basis basis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 122 37 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 123 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 123 2 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 123 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 2 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 3 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 5 mode mode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 6 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 7 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 9 physiochemical physiochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 10 signal signal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 11 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 12 transmitted transmit VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 13 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 14 sensed sense VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 16 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 17 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 18 categorized categorize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 19 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 20 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 21 types type NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 22 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 23 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 24 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 25 piezoelectric piezoelectric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 27 calorimetric calorimetric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 28 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 29 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 30 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 31 transducers transducer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 32 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 33 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 34 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 35 discussed discuss VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 36 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 37 section section NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 38 3 3 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 39 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 124 40 _SP cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 1 Electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 2 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 3 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 4 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 5 constitutional constitutional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 6 concept concept NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 7 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 8 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 9 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 10 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 11 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 12 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 13 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 14 coupled couple VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 15 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 16 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 17 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 18 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 19 bound bind VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 20 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 21 molecule molecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 125 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 1 Enzymes enzyme NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 2 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 4 most most RBS cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 5 often often RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 7 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 8 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 9 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 10 bio bio NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 11 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 12 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 13 elements element NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 14 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 15 account account NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 18 biocatalytic biocatalytic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 19 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 20 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 21 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 22 binding bind VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 23 aptitudes aptitude NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 126 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 1 Apart apart RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 2 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 3 them -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 5 other other JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 6 elements element NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 7 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 8 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 9 antigens antigen NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 11 micro micro NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 12 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 13 organisms organism NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 16 antibody antibody NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 17 fragments fragment NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 18 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 19 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 20 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 21 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 127 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 128 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 128 2 84 84 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 128 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 128 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 128 5 85 85 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 128 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 128 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 128 8 86 86 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 128 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 129 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 129 2 87 87 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 129 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 1 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 2 schematic schematic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 5 principle principle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 7 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 8 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 9 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 10 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 11 depicted depict VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 13 Figure Figure NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 14 4 4 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 130 15 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 2 underlying underlying JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 3 principle principle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 5 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 6 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 8 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 9 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 10 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 12 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 13 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 14 produces produce VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 15 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 16 consumes consume VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 17 electrons electron NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 18 causing cause VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 19 changes change NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 20 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 21 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 22 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 23 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 25 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 26 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 27 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 28 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 29 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 30 determined determine VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 31 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 32 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 33 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 34 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 35 parameter parameter NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 36 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 37 measuring measure VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 38 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 131 39 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 132 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 132 2 78 78 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 132 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 2 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 3 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 4 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 5 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 6 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 7 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 8 correlated correlate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 9 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 11 amount amount NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 14 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 15 molecules molecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 16 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 18 rate rate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 19 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 20 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 22 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 23 produced produce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 24 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 25 consumed consume VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 133 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 134 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 134 2 88 88 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 134 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 2 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 3 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 4 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 5 monitored monitor VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 6 would would MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 7 cause cause VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 8 generation generation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 11 detectable detectable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 12 current current NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 14 amperometric amperometric NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 17 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 18 detectable detectable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 19 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 20 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 21 potential potential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 22 accumulation accumulation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 24 potentiometric potentiometric NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 27 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 28 alter alter VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 29 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 30 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 32 conductometric conductometric NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 34 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 35 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 36 analyte analyte JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 37 medium medium NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 38 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 39 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 40 electrodes electrode NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 135 41 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 1 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 2 review review NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 3 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 4 Moon Moon NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 5 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 7 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 8 reveals reveal VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 10 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 12 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 13 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 14 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 15 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 16 conductive conductive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 17 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 18 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 19 recognizing recognize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 20 neurotransmitters neurotransmitter NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 21 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 22 control control VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 24 physiological physiological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 25 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 26 behavioral behavioral JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 27 function function NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 28 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 29 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 30 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 31 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 32 central central JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 33 nervous nervous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 34 system system NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 136 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 137 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 137 2 29 29 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 137 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 138 1 Gui Gui NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 138 2 et et FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 138 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 138 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 1 excellently excellently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 2 assessed assess VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 4 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 6 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 7 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 8 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 9 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 10 molecularly molecularly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 11 imprinted imprint VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 12 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 14 MIP MIP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 16 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 17 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 18 superior superior JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 19 capacity capacity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 20 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 21 detecting detect VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 22 selective selective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 23 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 139 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 140 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 140 2 89 89 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 140 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 1 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 2 new new JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 3 level level NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 4 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 5 clinical clinical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 6 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 7 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 8 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 9 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 10 attained attain VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 13 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 15 cancer cancer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 16 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 17 causing cause VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 18 cells cell NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 19 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 21 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 23 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 24 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 141 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 1 Recently recently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 3 Saeed Saeed NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 4 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 6 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 7 synthesized synthesize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 9 label label NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 10 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 11 free free JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 12 ultrasensitive ultrasensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 13 Polypyrrole-3-carboxylic polypyrrole-3-carboxylic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 14 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 15 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 16 reduced reduce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 17 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 18 oxide oxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 19 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 20 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 21 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 22 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 23 recognizing recognize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 24 BRCA1 BRCA1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 25 gene gene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 26 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 27 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 28 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 29 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 30 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 31 around around IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 32 3 3 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 33 fM. fm. JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 35 90 90 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 142 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 1 On on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 3 basis basis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 6 nature nature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 8 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 9 changes change NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 10 occuring occur VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 11 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 12 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 13 bio bio JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 14 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 15 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 16 event event NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 18 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 19 fall fall VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 20 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 21 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 22 categories category NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 23 like like IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 24 amperometry amperometry NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 26 conductometry conductometry NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 27 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 28 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 29 potentiometry potentiometry NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 30 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 31 will will MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 32 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 33 discussed discuss VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 34 hereby hereby RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 143 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 1 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 2 comparison comparison NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 4 all all PDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 6 three three CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 7 types type NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 9 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 10 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 11 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 12 shown show VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 13 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 14 Table Table NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 15 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 16 Amperometric Amperometric NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 17 Biosensor Biosensor NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 18 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 19 Amperometry Amperometry NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 20 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 21 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 22 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 23 approach approach NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 24 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 25 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 26 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 27 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 28 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 29 biosensing biosense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 30 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 31 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 32 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 33 thanks thank NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 34 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 35 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 36 fast fast JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 37 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 38 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 39 simplicity simplicity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 40 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 41 measurement measurement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 144 42 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 1 Amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 2 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 3 relies rely VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 4 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 5 determining determine VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 7 current current NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 8 produced produce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 9 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 10 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 11 redox redox NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 12 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 14 electro electro JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 15 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 16 active active JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 17 species specie NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 19 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 20 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 21 function function NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 23 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 24 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 25 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 26 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 27 fixed fix VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 28 applied apply VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 29 potential potential NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 30 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 31 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 32 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 33 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 34 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 35 most most RBS cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 36 commonly commonly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 37 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 38 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 145 39 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 2 applied applied JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 3 potential potential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 4 aids aid NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 5 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 6 efficient efficient JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 7 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 8 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 9 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 10 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 12 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 13 current current NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 14 determined determine VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 15 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 16 directly directly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 17 proportional proportional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 18 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 20 electro electro JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 21 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 22 active active JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 23 product product NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 24 's 's POS cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 25 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 26 over over IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 27 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 28 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 29 applied apply VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 30 potential potential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 31 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 146 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 147 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 147 2 91 91 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 147 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 2 actually actually RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 3 hold hold VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 4 leading lead VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 5 position position NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 6 among among IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 7 other other JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 8 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 9 systems system NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 11 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 13 majority majority NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 15 work work NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 16 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 17 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 18 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 19 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 20 done do VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 21 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 23 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 25 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 26 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 27 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 28 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 29 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 30 electrochemically electrochemically RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 31 deposited deposit VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 32 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 148 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 2 limitation limitation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 4 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 5 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 7 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 8 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 10 generation generation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 12 false false JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 13 current current JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 14 reading reading NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 15 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 18 electro electro JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 19 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 20 active active JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 21 interference interference NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 22 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 24 sample sample NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 25 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 149 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 1 However however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 3 these these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 4 effects effect NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 5 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 6 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 7 eliminated eliminate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 8 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 10 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 12 selective selective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 13 membranes membrane NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 14 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 15 control control VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 17 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 19 compounds compound NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 20 having have VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 21 access access NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 22 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 24 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 150 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 2 94 94 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 4 Continuous continuous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 5 signal signal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 6 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 7 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 8 provided provide VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 9 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 11 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 12 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 13 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 14 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 15 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 16 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 17 steady steady JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 18 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 19 vivo vivo NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 20 surveillance surveillance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 22 patients patient NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 151 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 1 Hence hence RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 3 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 4 measurements measurement NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 5 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 6 highly highly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 7 craved crave VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 9 real real JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 10 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 11 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 13 intensive intensive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 14 care care NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 15 unit unit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 17 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 19 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 21 surgeries surgery NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 23 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 24 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 25 managing manage VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 26 diabetes diabete NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 27 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 28 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 29 offer offer VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 30 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 31 alternative alternative NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 32 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 33 premature premature JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 34 warning warning NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 35 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 36 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 37 abrupt abrupt JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 38 deterioration deterioration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 152 39 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 1 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 2 tangible tangible JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 3 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 5 amperometric amperometric NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 6 immunosensor immunosensor NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 7 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 10 measurement measurement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 12 β β NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 13 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 14 HCG HCG NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 15 level level NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 16 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 17 advanced advanced JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 18 pregnancy pregnancy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 19 testing testing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 153 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 154 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 154 2 95 95 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 154 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 2 another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 3 work work NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 5 German German NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 6 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 7 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 8 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 9 established establish VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 11 glucosebased glucosebased NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 12 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 13 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 14 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 15 utilizing utilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 16 gold gold NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 17 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 18 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 19 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 20 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 21 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 22 mediator mediator NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 24 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 25 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 26 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 27 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 28 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 29 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 30 sourced source VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 31 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 32 Penicillium Penicillium NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 33 funiculosum funiculosum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 34 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 35 Penicillium Penicillium NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 36 adametzii adametzii NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 37 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 38 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 39 Aspergillus Aspergillus NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 40 niger niger NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 41 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 42 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 43 cross cross JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 44 - - VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 45 linked link VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 46 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 47 glutaraldehyde glutaraldehyde NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 155 48 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 156 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 156 2 96 96 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 156 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 2 observed observe VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 3 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 4 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 5 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 6 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 7 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 9 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 10 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 11 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 12 Penicillium Penicillium NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 13 funiculosum funiculosum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 14 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 15 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 16 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 18 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 20 0.024 0.024 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 21 mmol mmol JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 22 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 23 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 157 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 1 Introduction introduction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 4 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 5 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 6 augmented augment VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 8 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 9 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 10 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 11 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 13 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 14 0.1 0.1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 15 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 16 25 25 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 17 mmol mmol JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 18 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 19 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 158 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 1 Another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 2 researcher researcher NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 3 grafted graft VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 4 Prussian Prussian NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 5 Blue Blue NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 6 onto onto IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 8 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 10 MWCNT MWCNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 11 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 12 Poly Poly NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 14 4-vinyl 4-vinyl CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 15 pyridine pyridine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 17 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 19 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 20 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 21 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 22 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 159 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 2 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 3 unveiled unveil VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 4 rapid rapid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 5 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 6 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 8 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 10 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 11 peroxide peroxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 12 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 13 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 14 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 16 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 17 25 25 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 18 nM. nm. NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 20 97 97 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 160 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 161 1 Also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 161 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 161 3 Lupu Lupu NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 161 4 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 161 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 161 6 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 1 proposed propose VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 2 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 3 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 4 tyrosinase tyrosinase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 5 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 6 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 7 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 10 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 12 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 13 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 14 catechol catechol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 162 15 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 163 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 163 2 98 98 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 163 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 1 Potentiometric Potentiometric NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 2 Biosensor Biosensor NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 3 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 4 Potentiometry Potentiometry NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 5 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 6 considered consider VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 7 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 8 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 9 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 12 oldest old JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 13 analytical analytical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 14 methods method NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 15 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 16 enable enable VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 18 estimation estimation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 20 physicochemical physicochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 21 quantities quantity NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 22 like like IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 23 pH ph NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 24 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 25 dissociation dissociation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 26 constant constant NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 27 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 28 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 30 coefficients coefficient NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 31 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 32 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 33 solubility solubility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 34 products product NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 164 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 1 Potentiometric potentiometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 2 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 3 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 5 following following JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 6 potential potential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 7 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 8 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 9 mentioned mention VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 10 below below IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 12 99 99 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 165 14 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 1 However however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 4 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 5 rarely rarely RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 6 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 7 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 8 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 9 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 11 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 12 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 13 immobilized immobilized JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 14 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 15 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 16 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 17 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 19 though though IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 20 certain certain JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 21 advantages advantage NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 23 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 24 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 25 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 26 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 27 over over IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 28 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 29 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 30 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 31 polypyrrole polypyrrole NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 32 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 33 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 34 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 35 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 36 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 37 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 166 38 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 167 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 167 2 92 92 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 167 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 1 Potentiometric potentiometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 2 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 3 relies rely VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 4 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 6 utilization utilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 8 ionselective ionselective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 9 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 11 ISE ISE NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 13 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 14 obtain obtain VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 15 analytical analytical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 16 information information NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 168 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 1 ISEs ise NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 2 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 3 working work VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 4 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 5 constructed construct VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 7 permselective permselective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 8 ion ion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 9 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 10 conductive conductive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 11 membrane membrane NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 12 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 14 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 169 15 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 2 find find VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 4 majority majority NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 6 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 7 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 8 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 10 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 12 clinical clinical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 13 chemistry chemistry NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 15 physiological physiological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 16 fluids fluid NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 17 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 18 determining determine VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 19 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 20 electrolytes electrolyte NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 170 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 171 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 171 2 88 88 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 171 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 1 Potentiometric potentiometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 2 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 3 works work VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 4 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 6 principle principle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 8 accumulation accumulation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 10 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 11 density density NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 13 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 15 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 16 process process NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 172 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 1 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 2 results result VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 3 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 5 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 7 potential potential NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 8 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 9 that that DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 10 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 11 while while IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 12 drawing draw VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 13 negligible negligible JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 14 current current NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 173 15 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 2 such such PDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 3 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 4 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 7 bioreceptor bioreceptor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 8 transforms transform VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 10 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 11 process process NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 12 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 13 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 14 potential potential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 15 signal signal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 16 providing provide VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 17 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 18 analytical analytical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 19 signal signal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 174 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 2 development development NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 4 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 5 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 6 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 7 related relate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 8 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 10 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 11 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 12 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 13 governed govern VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 14 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 15 Nernst Nernst NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 16 relation relation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 175 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 176 1 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 176 2 E e NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 176 3 = = NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 176 4 Actual actual JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 176 5 cell cell NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 176 6 potential potential NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 176 7 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 176 8 zero zero CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 176 9 current current NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 176 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 176 11 E e NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 176 12 0 0 NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 176 13 = = NFP cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 1 Standard standard JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 2 cell cell NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 3 potential potential NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 5 T T NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 6 = = NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 7 Absolute Absolute NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 8 temperature temperature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 10 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 11 K K NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 14 R R NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 15 = = SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 16 Universal universal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 17 gas gas NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 18 constant constant NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 19 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 20 n n NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 21 = = SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 22 number number NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 24 charges charge NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 177 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 1 F F NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 2 = = SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 3 Faraday Faraday NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 4 constant constant NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 6 Q q NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 7 = = NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 8 Ratio ratio NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 10 ion ion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 11 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 12 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 14 anode anode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 15 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 16 ion ion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 17 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 18 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 20 cathode cathode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 178 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 179 1 + + UH cord-346890-4vozhns4 179 2 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 179 3 − − NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 179 4 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 179 5 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 179 6 cations cation NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 179 7 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 179 8 anions anion NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 179 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 179 10 respectively respectively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 179 11 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 2 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 3 function function NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 5 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 6 living live VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 7 cell cell NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 9 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 10 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 11 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 12 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 13 modulated modulate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 14 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 15 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 17 electrode electrode JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 18 potential potential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 19 adjustment adjustment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 20 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 21 implementing implement VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 23 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 25 polypyrrole polypyrrole NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 26 molecular molecular JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 27 interface interface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 180 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 1 Often often RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 2 additionally additionally RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 3 obtained obtain VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 4 discernment discernment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 6 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 7 interfaces interface NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 8 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 9 employing employ VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 10 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 11 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 12 matrices matrix NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 13 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 14 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 15 permits permit VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 17 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 19 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 20 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 21 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 22 scrutinizing scrutinize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 23 natural natural JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 24 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 26 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 27 example example NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 28 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 29 flow flow NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 30 injection injection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 31 perseverance perseverance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 32 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 33 lactate lactate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 34 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 35 whole whole JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 36 blood blood NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 181 37 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 182 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 182 2 92 92 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 182 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 1 Apart apart RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 2 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 4 advantage advantage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 6 decent decent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 7 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 8 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 9 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 11 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 12 method method NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 13 yields yield VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 14 some some DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 15 bottlenecks bottleneck NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 17 associated associate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 18 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 19 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 20 considerable considerable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 21 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 22 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 24 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 25 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 27 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 28 similarity similarity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 29 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 30 these these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 31 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 32 toward toward IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 33 redox redox NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 34 equilibria equilibrium NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 35 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 36 ion ion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 37 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 38 exchange exchange NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 39 process process NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 183 40 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 2 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 3 reported report VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 4 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 6 year year NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 7 1969 1969 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 8 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 9 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 10 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 11 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 12 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 13 potentiometric potentiometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 14 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 15 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 16 established establish VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 17 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 18 sensing sense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 19 urea urea NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 184 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 2 88 88 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 4 Karyakin Karyakin NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 5 et et FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 7 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 8 investigated investigate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 10 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 12 economical economical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 13 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 14 highly highly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 15 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 16 potentiometric potentiometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 17 pH ph NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 18 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 19 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 20 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 21 processible processible NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 22 polyaniline polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 23 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 24 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 25 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 26 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 27 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 28 acquired acquire VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 29 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 30 maximum maximum JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 31 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 32 value value NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 33 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 34 ≈80 ≈80 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 35 mV. mv. NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 37 100 100 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 39 Conductometric Conductometric NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 40 Biosensor Biosensor NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 41 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 42 On on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 43 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 44 course course NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 45 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 46 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 47 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 48 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 49 charges charge NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 50 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 51 produced produce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 52 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 53 causes cause VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 54 changes change NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 55 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 56 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 57 overall overall JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 58 conductance conductance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 59 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 60 resistance resistance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 61 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 62 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 63 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 185 64 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 3 conductometric conductometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 4 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 5 provides provide VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 6 analytical analytical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 7 information information NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 8 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 9 measuring measure VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 11 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 13 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 14 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 15 two two CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 16 electrodes electrode NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 17 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 18 varies vary VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 19 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 21 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 23 ionic ionic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 24 species specie NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 186 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 1 Conductometric conductometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 2 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 4 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 5 most most JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 6 cases case NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 8 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 9 strongly strongly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 10 associated associate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 11 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 12 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 13 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 15 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 17 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 18 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 19 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 21 ionic ionic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 22 strength strength NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 25 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 26 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 27 alters alter VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 29 93 93 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 187 31 www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advancedsciencenews.com ADD cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 1 www.mcp-journal.de www.mcp-journal.de NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 2 owing owe VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 3 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 5 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 6 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 7 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 8 two two CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 9 electrodes electrode NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 10 hence hence RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 12 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 13 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 14 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 15 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 16 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 17 examine examine VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 19 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 20 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 21 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 22 yield yield VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 23 deviations deviation NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 24 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 25 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 26 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 27 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 28 charged charge VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 29 species specie NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 188 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 189 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 189 2 93 93 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 189 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 1 But but CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 3 applicability applicability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 5 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 6 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 7 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 8 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 9 conductometric conductometric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 10 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 11 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 12 limited limit VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 13 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 16 mutable mutable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 17 ionic ionic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 18 background background NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 20 diverse diverse JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 21 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 23 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 25 necessity necessity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 26 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 27 evaluating evaluate VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 28 minor minor JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 29 variation variation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 30 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 31 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 32 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 33 media medium NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 34 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 35 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 36 ionic ionic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 37 strength strength NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 190 38 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 191 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 191 2 101 101 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 191 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 191 4 102 102 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 191 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 1 Though though IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 2 conductometric conductometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 3 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 4 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 5 not not RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 6 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 7 implemented implement VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 8 extensively extensively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 10 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 11 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 12 found find VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 14 successful successful JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 15 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 16 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 18 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 20 foodborne foodborne JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 21 pathogen pathogen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 22 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 23 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 24 Zarini Zarini NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 25 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 26 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 27 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 28 synthesized synthesize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 29 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 30 rapid rapid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 31 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 32 versatile versatile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 33 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 34 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 35 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 36 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 37 highly highly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 38 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 39 polyaniline polyaniline NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 40 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 41 conductometric conductometric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 42 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 43 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 44 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 45 found find VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 46 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 47 lower low JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 48 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 49 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 50 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 51 7.9 7.9 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 52 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 53 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 54 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 55 colony colony NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 56 forming form VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 57 units unit NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 58 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 59 CFU CFU NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 60 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 61 per per IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 62 milliliter milliliter NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 63 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 64 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 65 coli coli NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 66 O157 O157 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 67 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 68 H7 H7 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 69 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 70 Salmonella Salmonella NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 192 71 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 2 103 103 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 4 _SP cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 5 Sauerbrey Sauerbrey NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 7 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 9 year year NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 10 1959 1959 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 12 depicted depict VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 13 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 14 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 15 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 16 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 18 resonance resonance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 19 frequency frequency NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 21 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 22 thickness thickness NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 23 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 24 shear shear NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 25 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 26 mode mode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 27 resonator resonator NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 28 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 29 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 30 directly directly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 31 related relate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 32 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 33 mass mass NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 34 placed place VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 35 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 36 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 193 37 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 194 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 194 2 104 104 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 194 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 2 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 3 considered consider VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 4 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 6 inaugurating inaugurate VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 7 idea idea NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 10 construction construction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 12 new new JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 13 generation generation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 14 piezoelectric piezoelectric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 15 mass mass JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 16 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 17 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 18 appliance appliance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 195 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 1 Also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 3 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 5 past past JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 6 few few JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 7 decades decade NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 9 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 11 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 12 onto onto IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 14 functionalized functionalize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 15 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 16 turned turn VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 17 out out RP cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 18 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 19 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 21 paramount paramount JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 22 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 24 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 25 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 196 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 2 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 3 allow allow VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 4 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 5 label label NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 6 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 7 free free JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 8 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 10 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 11 however however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 13 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 14 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 15 considered consider VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 16 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 17 lot lot NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 18 more more JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 19 than than IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 20 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 21 mere mere JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 22 mass mass NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 23 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 24 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 25 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 26 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 27 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 28 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 29 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 30 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 31 swayed sway VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 32 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 33 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 34 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 35 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 36 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 37 viscoelastic viscoelastic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 38 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 39 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 40 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 41 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 42 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 43 roughness roughness NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 44 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 45 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 46 interfacial interfacial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 47 phenomena phenomenon NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 197 48 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 1 These these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 2 new new JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 3 insights insight NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 4 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 5 opened open VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 6 up up RP cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 8 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 10 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 11 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 14 adhesion adhesion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 16 liposomes liposome NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 18 proteins protein NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 19 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 20 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 21 cells cell NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 22 onto onto IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 24 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 25 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 26 allowing allow VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 27 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 28 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 29 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 30 morphological morphological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 31 changes change NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 32 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 33 cells cell NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 198 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 2 105 105 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 4 Measurement Measurement NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 5 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 7 piezoelectric piezoelectric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 8 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 9 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 10 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 11 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 12 measuring measure VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 13 variation variation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 15 resonance resonance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 16 frequency frequency NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 18 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 19 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 20 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 21 coated coat VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 22 piezoelectric piezoelectric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 23 crystal crystal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 24 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 25 relies rely VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 26 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 27 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 28 minute minute NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 29 mass mass NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 30 changes change NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 31 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 32 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 33 crystal crystal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 34 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 199 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 2 basic basic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 3 principle principle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 5 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 6 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 7 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 9 transmission transmission NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 11 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 12 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 13 signal signal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 14 through through IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 15 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 16 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 17 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 18 coated coated JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 19 piezoelectric piezoelectric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 20 crystal crystal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 21 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 22 causes cause VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 23 vibration vibration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 25 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 26 shown show VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 27 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 28 Figure figure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 29 5 5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 31 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 32 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 33 certain certain JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 34 resonant resonant JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 35 frequency frequency NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 36 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 37 relies rely VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 38 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 39 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 40 mass mass NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 41 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 42 size size NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 43 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 44 shape shape NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 45 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 46 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 47 chemical chemical NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 48 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 200 49 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 2 2 2 LS cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 4 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 5 mass mass NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 6 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 8 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 9 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 10 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 12 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 13 adsorption adsorption NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 14 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 16 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 17 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 19 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 20 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 21 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 22 measuring measure VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 24 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 25 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 26 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 201 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 1 These these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 2 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 3 brought bring VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 4 about about RP cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 5 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 7 interaction interaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 8 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 10 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 12 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 13 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 14 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 16 crystal crystal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 17 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 202 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 2 vibration vibration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 3 frequency frequency NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 6 oscillating oscillating JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 7 crystal crystal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 8 usually usually RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 9 decreases decrease VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 10 when when WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 12 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 13 binds bind VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 14 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 15 bioreceptor bioreceptor VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 16 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 18 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 203 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 1 Such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 2 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 3 normally normally RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 4 operate operate VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 5 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 6 propagation propagation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 8 acoustoelectric acoustoelectric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 9 waves wave NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 11 either either CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 12 through through IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 14 bulk bulk NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 15 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 16 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 18 crystal crystal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 19 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 204 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 205 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 205 2 106 106 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 205 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 1 Based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 2 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 3 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 5 piezoelectric piezoelectric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 6 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 7 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 9 two two CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 10 types type NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 11 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 12 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 13 acoustic acoustic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 14 wave wave NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 16 bulk bulk JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 17 wave wave NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 206 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 1 However however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 4 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 5 not not RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 6 received receive VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 7 much much JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 8 attention attention NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 10 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 11 compared compare VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 12 inferior inferior RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 13 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 15 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 16 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 207 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 2 88 88 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 4 Such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 5 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 7 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 8 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 9 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 10 employed employ VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 13 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 15 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 16 sulfide sulfide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 18 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 19 monoxide monoxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 21 ammonia ammonia NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 24 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 25 caffeine caffeine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 208 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 209 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 209 2 107 107 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 209 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 1 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 2 modern modern JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 3 approach approach NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 4 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 6 preparation preparation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 8 molecularly molecularly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 9 imprinted imprint VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 10 polypyrrole polypyrrole NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 12 combination combination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 13 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 14 piezoelectric piezoelectric NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 15 quartz quartz NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 16 crystal crystal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 17 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 18 caffeine caffeine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 19 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 20 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 21 prepared prepare VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 22 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 23 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 24 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 25 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 27 0.024 0.024 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 28 µm µm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 210 29 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 2 108 108 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 4 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 5 general general JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 6 decorum decorum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 7 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 8 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 10 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 11 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 12 G G NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 13 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 14 polyaniline polyaniline NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 15 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 16 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 17 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 19 development development NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 21 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 22 piezoelectric piezoelectric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 23 immunosensor immunosensor NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 24 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 25 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 26 able able JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 27 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 28 distinguishing distinguish VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 29 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 30 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 31 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 32 target target NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 33 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 34 within within IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 35 500 500 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 36 ng ng NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 37 mL ml NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 38 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 211 39 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 212 1 25 25 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 212 2 µg µg IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 212 3 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 212 4 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 212 5 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 213 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 213 2 109 109 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 213 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 213 4 _SP cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 1 Even even RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 2 though though IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 4 provide provide VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 5 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 6 weak weak JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 7 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 9 unspecific unspecific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 10 heating heating NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 12 calorimetric calorimetric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 13 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 14 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 15 drawn draw VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 16 considerable considerable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 17 attention attention NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 18 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 20 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 22 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 214 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 2 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 4 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 5 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 6 developed develop VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 7 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 8 studying study VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 10 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 11 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 13 reference reference NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 14 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 15 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 16 conversion conversion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 17 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 18 most most JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 21 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 22 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 23 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 24 exothermic exothermic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 25 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 215 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 2 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 3 context context NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 6 total total JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 7 heat heat NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 8 absorbed absorb VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 9 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 10 evolved evolve VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 11 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 13 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 14 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 15 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 16 proportional proportional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 17 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 19 enthalpy enthalpy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 20 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 21 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 22 amount amount NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 24 products product NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 25 formed form VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 26 upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 27 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 216 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 2 110 110 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 4 Q q NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 5 n n NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 6 H H NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 7 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 8 Q Q NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 9 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 10 total total JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 11 heat heat NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 13 n n NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 14 p p NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 15 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 16 total total JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 17 moles mole NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 19 product product NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 21 ΔH ΔH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 22 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 23 enthalpy enthalpy JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 24 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 26 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 27 Cp Cp NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 28 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 29 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 30 heat heat NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 31 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 32 solvent solvent NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 33 included include VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 34 system system NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 217 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 2 variation variation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 3 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 4 temperature temperature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 5 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 6 measured measure VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 7 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 8 thermistor thermistor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 9 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 10 inversely inversely RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 11 proportional proportional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 12 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 13 Cp cp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 14 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 15 directly directly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 16 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 17 ΔH ΔH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 218 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 1 Here here RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 3 augmented augment VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 4 sensitivities sensitivity NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 5 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 6 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 8 detections detection NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 9 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 10 organic organic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 11 solvents solvent NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 12 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 13 obtained obtain VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 14 provided provide VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 16 enthalpy enthalpy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 17 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 18 remains remain VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 19 unaltered unaltered JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 219 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 220 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 220 2 111 111 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 220 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 1 So so RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 3 calorimetric calorimetric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 4 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 5 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 6 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 7 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 9 measurement measurement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 11 enthalpy enthalpy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 12 changes change NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 14 total total JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 15 heat heat NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 16 produced produce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 18 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 19 occurs occur VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 20 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 21 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 22 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 23 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 24 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 25 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 26 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 27 quantified quantify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 28 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 29 related relate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 30 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 31 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 32 amount amount NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 33 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 34 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 35 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 36 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 37 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 38 measured measure VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 39 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 40 thermistor thermistor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 41 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 42 depicted depict VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 43 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 44 Figure Figure NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 45 6 6 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 221 46 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 1 Some some DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 2 major major JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 3 benefits benefit NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 5 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 6 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 8 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 9 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 10 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 12 possibility possibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 14 miniaturization miniaturization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 16 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 17 increased increase VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 18 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 222 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 223 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 223 2 112 112 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 223 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 1 Additionally additionally RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 4 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 5 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 6 miniaturized miniaturize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 7 effortlessly effortlessly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 9 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 10 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 12 microfluidics microfluidic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 13 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 14 augmenting augment VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 16 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 224 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 1 Most Most JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 4 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 5 reactions reaction NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 6 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 7 exothermic exothermic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 9 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 10 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 11 enthalpy enthalpy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 13 ≈80 ≈80 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 14 kJ kJ NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 15 mole mole NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 16 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 225 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 226 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 226 2 113 113 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 226 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 2 real real JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 3 sample sample NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 4 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 6 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 8 interference interference NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 9 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 10 often often RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 11 encountered encounter VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 12 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 13 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 14 electro electro JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 15 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 16 active active JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 17 substance substance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 18 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 20 blood blood NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 227 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 1 However however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 3 calorimetric calorimetric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 4 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 5 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 6 insensitive insensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 7 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 8 electroactive electroactive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 10 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 11 interference interference NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 12 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 13 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 14 present present JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 15 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 16 clinical clinical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 17 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 228 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 229 1 Recently recently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 229 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 229 3 Xie Xie NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 229 4 et et FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 229 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 229 6 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 1 combined combine VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 3 intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 4 advantages advantage NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 6 pyrroloquinoline pyrroloquinoline NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 7 quinone quinone NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 8 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 9 dehydrogenase dehydrogenase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 11 PQQGDH PQQGDH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 13 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 14 calorimetric calorimetric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 15 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 16 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 17 resulted result VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 18 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 19 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 20 0.009 0.009 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 21 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 22 100 100 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 23 mm mm NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 25 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 26 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 27 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 28 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 230 29 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 231 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 231 2 114 114 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 231 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 231 4 _SP cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 1 Photometric photometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 2 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 3 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 4 constructed construct VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 5 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 7 basis basis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 9 measuring measure VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 11 variation variation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 13 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 14 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 16 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 17 owing owe VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 18 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 20 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 21 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 22 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 23 occurs occur VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 24 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 25 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 26 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 27 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 28 event event NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 232 29 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 1 Different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 2 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 3 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 4 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 5 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 6 absorption absorption NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 8 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 10 bioluminescence bioluminescence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 12 chemiluminescence chemiluminescence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 14 internal internal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 15 reflection reflection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 17 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 18 plasmon plasmon JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 19 resonance resonance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 20 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 21 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 22 exploited exploit VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 23 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 24 monitoring monitor VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 25 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 26 bio bio JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 27 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 28 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 29 event event NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 30 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 31 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 233 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 234 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 234 2 115 115 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 234 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 1 For for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 2 example example NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 4 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 5 chemiluminescence chemiluminescence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 6 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 7 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 8 device device NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 9 measures measure VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 11 changes change NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 14 frequency frequency NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 16 emission emission NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 18 light light NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 19 upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 20 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 21 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 22 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 23 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 24 caused cause VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 25 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 26 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 27 origination origination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 29 excited excited JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 30 states state NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 31 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 32 lasts last VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 33 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 34 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 35 very very RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 36 short short JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 37 duration duration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 235 38 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 236 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 236 2 91 91 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 236 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 2 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 3 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 4 continuously continuously RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 5 alters alter VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 7 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 8 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 11 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 12 causing cause VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 13 light light JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 14 emission emission NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 15 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 16 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 17 continuously continuously RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 18 monitored monitor VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 19 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 21 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 23 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 24 fiber fiber NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 25 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 26 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 27 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 28 waveguide waveguide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 29 device device NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 237 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 238 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 238 2 106 106 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 238 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 238 4 116 116 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 238 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 2 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 3 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 5 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 7 there there EX cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 8 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 9 resilience resilience NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 10 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 12 measurement measurement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 13 modes mode NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 15 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 16 example example NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 18 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 19 reflectance reflectance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 21 evanescent evanescent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 22 wave wave NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 25 embryonic embryonic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 26 technologies technology NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 27 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 28 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 29 plasmon plasmon JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 30 resonance resonance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 32 SPR SPR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 239 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 1 Also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 3 there there EX cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 4 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 5 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 6 drive drive NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 7 toward toward IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 9 incorporation incorporation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 11 some some DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 12 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 13 components component NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 15 waveguides waveguide NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 17 detectors detector NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 19 source source NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 22 sampling sampling NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 23 region region NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 25 onto onto IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 26 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 27 planar planar JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 28 platform platform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 240 29 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 2 117 117 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 4 118 118 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 6 Figure figure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 7 7 7 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 8 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 10 working working NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 12 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 13 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 14 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 15 photometric photometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 16 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 241 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 1 Recently recently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 3 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 4 novel novel NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 5 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 6 polyaniline polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 7 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 8 dioctyl dioctyl NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 9 sodium sodium NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 10 sulfosuccinate sulfosuccinate NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 11 film film NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 12 coated coat VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 13 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 14 fiber fiber NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 15 bragg bragg NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 16 grating grating NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 17 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 18 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 19 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 20 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 21 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 22 fiber fiber NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 23 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 24 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 25 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 26 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 27 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 28 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 30 chloroform chloroform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 242 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 2 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 3 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 4 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 5 recyclability recyclability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 7 up up IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 8 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 9 ten ten CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 10 cycles cycle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 11 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 12 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 13 swift swift JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 14 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 15 period period NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 17 7 7 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 18 s s NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 19 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 20 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 21 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 22 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 24 9.22 9.22 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 25 ppm ppm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 243 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 244 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 244 2 119 119 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 244 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 1 Another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 2 researcher researcher NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 4 Angelica Angelica NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 5 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 7 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 9 utilized utilize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 11 copolymer copolymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 13 aniline aniline NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 14 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 15 ortho ortho NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 16 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 17 phenylenediamine phenylenediamine NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 18 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 20 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 23 degree degree NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 25 freshness freshness NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 27 tilapia tilapia NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 29 Orechromis Orechromis NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 30 niloticus niloticus NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 32 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 33 colorimetric colorimetric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 34 method method NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 245 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 2 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 3 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 4 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 5 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 6 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 7 alkaline alkaline JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 8 vapors vapor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 9 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 10 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 11 volatile volatile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 12 amines amine NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 13 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 14 generate generate VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 15 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 16 spoilage spoilage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 18 fish fish NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 19 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 21 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 22 displayed display VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 23 changes change NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 24 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 25 color color NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 26 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 27 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 28 function function NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 30 pH. ph. NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 246 32 120 120 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 1 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 2 SPR SPR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 3 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 5 most most RBS cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 6 widely widely RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 7 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 8 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 9 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 10 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 11 uses use VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 12 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 13 plasmon plasmon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 14 waves wave NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 16 SPW SPW NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 18 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 19 detecting detect VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 20 changes change NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 21 upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 22 interaction interaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 24 target target NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 25 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 26 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 27 bio bio JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 28 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 29 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 30 element element NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 247 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 2 121 121 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 4 Upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 5 exposure exposure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 7 SPR SPR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 8 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 9 any any DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 10 alterations alteration NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 13 induces induce VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 14 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 15 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 16 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 17 refractive refractive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 18 index index NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 19 upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 20 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 21 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 22 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 23 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 24 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 25 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 26 measure measure VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 27 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 28 observe observe VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 29 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 30 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 248 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 2 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 3 brings bring VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 4 about about IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 5 variation variation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 6 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 7 propagation propagation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 8 constant constant JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 10 SPW SPW NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 11 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 12 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 13 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 14 measured measure VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 15 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 16 produce produce VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 17 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 18 reading reading NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 249 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 2 important important JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 3 feature feature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 5 SPR SPR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 6 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 8 labelfree labelfree NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 9 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 10 without without IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 12 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 14 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 16 radioactivity radioactivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 17 making make VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 19 extremely extremely RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 20 appealing appealing JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 21 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 22 real real JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 23 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 24 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 25 monitoring monitoring NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 250 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 1 To to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 2 date date NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 4 SPR SPR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 5 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 6 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 7 widely widely RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 8 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 9 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 10 drug drug NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 11 discovery discovery NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 13 health health NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 14 science science NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 15 research research NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 17 fundamental fundamental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 18 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 19 studies study NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 21 clinical clinical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 23 environmental environmental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 24 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 251 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 2 118 118 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 4 _SP cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 5 Based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 6 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 8 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 10 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 11 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 12 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 13 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 16 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 18 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 19 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 21 immunosensor immunosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 24 genosensor genosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 25 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 26 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 27 discussed discuss VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 28 further further RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 252 29 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 1 Enzymes enzyme NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 3 generally generally RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 5 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 6 orbicular orbicular JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 7 proteins protein NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 8 consisting consist VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 10 chains chain NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 12 amino amino NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 13 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 14 producing produce VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 15 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 16 3D 3d JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 17 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 18 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 19 acts act VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 20 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 21 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 22 catalyst catalyst NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 23 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 24 accelerates accelerate VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 25 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 26 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 27 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 253 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 254 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 254 2 122 122 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 254 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 254 4 123 123 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 254 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 3 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 4 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 7 initial initial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 8 stage stage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 10 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 12 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 13 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 14 molecule molecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 15 reacts react VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 16 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 18 active active JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 19 site site NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 21 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 22 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 23 known know VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 24 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 25 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 26 substrate substrate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 255 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 1 Upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 2 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 3 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 6 substrate substrate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 7 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 8 converted convert VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 9 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 11 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 12 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 13 form form VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 14 another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 15 distinct distinct JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 16 molecule molecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 17 known know VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 18 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 19 products product NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 256 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 2 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 3 electrodes electrode NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 4 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 5 formed form VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 6 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 7 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 9 thin thin JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 10 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 12 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 13 onto onto IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 15 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 18 working work VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 19 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 257 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 1 Enzymebased enzymebased JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 2 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 3 operates operate VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 4 particularly particularly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 5 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 6 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 7 four four CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 8 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 9 step step NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 10 procedure procedure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 12 Figure figure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 13 8 8 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 14 www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advancedsciencenews.com ADD cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 15 www.mcp www.mcp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 16 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 17 journal journal NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 258 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 259 1 de de NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 259 2 3 3 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 259 3 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 1 Upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 2 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 3 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 5 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 7 product product NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 8 occurs occur VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 9 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 10 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 11 then then RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 12 transported transport VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 13 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 15 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 16 4 4 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 260 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 1 Measurement measurement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 4 product product NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 5 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 7 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 8 coated coat VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 9 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 10 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 11 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 13 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 15 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 16 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 18 124 124 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 20 _SP cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 21 Immunosensor Immunosensor NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 22 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 23 antibody antibody NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 24 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 25 antigen antigen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 26 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 27 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 28 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 29 compact compact JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 30 analytical analytical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 31 device device NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 32 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 33 utilizes utilize VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 34 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 35 immunochemical immunochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 36 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 37 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 38 antibody antibody NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 40 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 41 antigen antigen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 43 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 44 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 45 immobilized immobilized JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 46 element element NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 47 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 48 antigen antigen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 50 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 51 antibody antibody NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 53 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 54 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 55 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 56 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 57 especially especially RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 58 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 59 body body NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 60 fluids fluid NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 61 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 62 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 63 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 64 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 65 disparate disparate JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 66 medias media NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 67 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 68 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 69 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 70 groundwater groundwater NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 71 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 72 trinitrotoluene trinitrotoluene NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 73 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 74 TNT TNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 75 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 76 quantification quantification NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 77 via via IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 78 TNT TNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 79 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 80 antibody antibody NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 81 complex complex JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 82 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 261 83 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 2 125 125 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 4 Antibodies Antibodies NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 6 weighing weigh VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 7 150 150 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 8 kDa kDa NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 11 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 12 known know VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 13 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 14 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 16 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 17 " " `` cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 18 Y Y NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 19 " " '' cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 20 shaped shape VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 21 complex complex JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 22 protein protein NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 23 molecule molecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 24 composed compose VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 25 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 26 two two CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 27 heavy heavy JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 28 chains chain NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 29 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 30 two two CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 31 light light JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 32 chains chain NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 34 Figure figure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 35 9a 9a CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 262 37 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 263 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 263 2 126 126 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 263 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 1 An an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 2 antibody antibody NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 4 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 5 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 6 precise precise JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 7 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 9 particular particular JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 10 antigen antigen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 12 fits fit VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 13 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 14 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 15 highly highly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 16 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 17 way way NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 18 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 19 that that DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 20 antigen antigen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 264 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 2 peculiar peculiar JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 3 characteristic characteristic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 5 antibodies antibody NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 6 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 7 vital vital JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 9 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 10 utilization utilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 13 immunosensors immunosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 14 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 15 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 16 antigen antigen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 17 fits fit VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 18 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 20 antibody antibody NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 21 binding bind VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 22 site site NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 265 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 266 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 266 2 88 88 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 266 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 2 binding bind VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 3 interaction interaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 4 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 6 antibody antibody NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 7 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 8 antigen antigen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 10 Figure figure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 11 9b 9b CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 13 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 14 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 16 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 18 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 19 possible possible JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 20 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 21 recognize recognize VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 23 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 24 even even RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 25 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 26 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 27 existence existence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 29 interfering interfere VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 30 species specie NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 267 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 3 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 4 utilizing utilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 5 antibodies antibody NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 6 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 7 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 8 bio bio NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 9 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 10 receptor receptor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 11 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 12 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 13 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 14 extensively extensively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 15 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 17 provides provide VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 18 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 19 specificity specificity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 21 versatility versatility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 24 strong strong JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 25 affinity affinity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 27 but but CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 29 covalent covalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 30 nature nature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 32 toward toward IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 33 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 34 target target NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 35 antigens antigen NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 268 36 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 1 However however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 3 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 4 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 5 affinity affinity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 6 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 7 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 9 bottleneck bottleneck NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 10 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 12 antigen antigen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 13 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 14 not not RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 15 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 16 easily easily RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 17 detached detach VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 18 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 19 antibody antibody NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 20 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 21 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 22 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 25 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 27 highly highly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 28 stable stable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 29 antibodyantigen antibodyantigen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 30 complex complex NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 31 upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 32 measurement measurement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 33 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 34 done do VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 35 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 36 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 37 many many JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 38 immunosensors immunosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 39 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 40 considered consider VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 41 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 42 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 43 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 44 single single JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 45 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 46 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 269 47 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 270 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 270 2 127 127 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 270 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 270 4 _SP cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 2 recent recent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 3 years year NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 5 advancement advancement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 6 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 8 technology technology NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 11 genosensor genosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 12 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 13 enticed entice VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 14 great great JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 15 interest interest NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 16 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 17 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 18 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 20 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 21 importance importance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 22 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 23 early early JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 24 infection infection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 25 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 27 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 28 genetic genetic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 29 diseases disease NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 31 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 32 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 33 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 34 sequencing sequence VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 35 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 271 36 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 272 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 272 2 128 128 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 272 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 1 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 2 genosensor genosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 3 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 4 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 5 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 6 capable capable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 8 detecting detect VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 9 individual individual JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 10 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 11 acids acid NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 12 comprising comprise VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 14 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 15 genome genome NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 17 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 18 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 20 molecule molecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 273 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 2 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 3 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 4 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 5 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 7 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 8 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 9 results result NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 10 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 12 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 14 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 17 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 20 conformational conformational JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 21 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 22 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 23 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 24 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 25 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 26 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 27 accomplished accomplish VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 28 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 29 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 30 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 31 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 32 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 33 transduction transduction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 34 principles principle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 274 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 2 127 127 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 4 Basic basic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 5 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 6 mechanism mechanism NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 8 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 9 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 10 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 11 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 12 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 14 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 16 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 17 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 18 affinity affinity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 19 binding binding NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 20 among among IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 21 two two CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 22 single single JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 23 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 24 stranded strand VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 25 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 27 ssDNA ssdna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 29 chains chain NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 30 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 31 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 32 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 33 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 34 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 35 doublestranded doublestranded JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 36 DNA DNA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 38 dsDNA dsdna RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 40 helix helix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 41 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 42 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 43 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 44 employed employ VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 45 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 46 DNA DNA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 47 biosensing biosensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 48 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 49 utilizing utilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 50 ssDNA ssdna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 51 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 52 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 53 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 54 element element NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 275 55 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 2 working work VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 3 principle principle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 5 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 6 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 7 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 8 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 9 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 11 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 14 complementary complementary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 15 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 16 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 17 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 19 ssDNA ssdna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 20 probe probe NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 21 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 22 creates create VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 23 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 24 bonding bonding NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 25 among among IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 26 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 27 two two CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 28 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 29 acids acid NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 30 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 31 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 32 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 33 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 34 adenine adenine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 35 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 36 thymine thymine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 37 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 38 guanidine guanidine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 39 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 40 cytosine cytosine JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 41 pairs pair NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 43 Figure figure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 44 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 276 46 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 2 exposure exposure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 5 probe probe NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 6 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 7 target target VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 8 results result NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 9 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 10 hybridization hybridization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 12 both both DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 13 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 14 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 15 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 16 causes cause VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 17 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 18 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 19 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 20 occur occur VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 22 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 23 allowing allow VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 25 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 26 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 27 detect detect VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 28 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 29 signal signal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 277 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 1 As as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 3 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 5 attached attach VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 6 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 8 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 9 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 11 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 12 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 13 held hold VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 14 exterior exterior NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 15 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 17 natural natural JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 18 environmental environmental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 19 conditions condition NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 22 may may MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 23 Macromol Macromol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 278 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 279 1 Chem Chem NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 279 2 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 280 1 Phys Phys NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 280 2 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 281 1 2019 2019 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 281 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 281 3 220 220 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 281 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 281 5 1800561 1800561 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 281 6 www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advancedsciencenews.com ADD cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 1 www.mcp-journal.de www.mcp-journal.de NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 2 decrease decrease VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 3 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 4 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 5 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 7 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 9 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 10 essential essential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 11 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 12 preserve preserve VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 14 integrity integrity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 282 15 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 1 Hence hence RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 3 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 6 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 7 on on RP cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 8 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 10 solid solid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 11 interface interface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 12 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 14 central central JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 15 step step NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 16 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 18 advancement advancement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 20 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 21 competent competent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 22 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 23 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 24 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 25 performances performance NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 26 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 27 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 28 acquiring acquire VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 29 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 30 reproducibility reproducibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 31 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 32 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 33 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 34 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 35 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 36 reliability reliability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 37 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 38 short short JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 39 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 40 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 41 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 42 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 43 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 44 operational operational JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 45 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 283 46 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 284 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 284 2 129 129 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 284 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 1 Actually actually RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 4 utilization utilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 6 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 7 immobilized immobilized JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 8 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 9 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 10 preferred prefer VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 11 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 13 offers offer VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 14 robustness robustness NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 16 prolonged prolong VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 17 availability availability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 19 ease ease NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 21 handling handling NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 24 resistance resistance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 25 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 26 environmental environmental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 27 variations variation NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 285 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 286 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 286 2 130 130 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 286 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 2 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 4 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 5 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 6 relies rely VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 7 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 9 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 10 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 12 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 13 area area NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 15 biocompatibility biocompatibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 17 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 18 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 19 efficiency efficiency NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 21 porosity porosity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 24 methods method NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 25 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 26 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 27 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 28 but but CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 29 eventually eventually RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 30 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 31 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 32 immobilized immobilized JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 33 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 34 must must MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 35 retain retain VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 36 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 37 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 38 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 39 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 40 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 41 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 42 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 43 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 44 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 45 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 46 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 47 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 48 should should MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 49 not not RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 50 decay decay VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 51 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 52 desorb desorb NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 53 over over IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 54 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 55 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 56 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 57 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 287 58 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 288 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 288 2 131 131 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 288 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 288 4 132 132 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 288 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 1 However however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 3 some some DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 4 methods method NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 6 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 7 may may MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 8 decrease decrease VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 10 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 12 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 13 caused cause VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 14 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 15 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 16 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 17 issues issue NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 18 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 19 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 20 conformational conformational JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 21 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 23 denaturation denaturation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 25 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 27 lower lower VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 28 efficacy efficacy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 29 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 30 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 31 presence presence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 32 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 33 insoluble insoluble JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 34 substrates substrate NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 35 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 36 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 37 mass mass JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 38 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 39 limitations limitation NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 289 40 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 2 133 133 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 4 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 5 better well JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 6 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 7 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 8 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 9 obtained obtain VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 10 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 11 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 12 orientation orientation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 14 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 16 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 17 shown show VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 18 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 19 Figure Figure NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 20 11 11 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 22 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 24 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 25 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 26 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 27 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 28 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 29 exposes expose VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 30 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 31 active active JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 32 site site NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 33 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 34 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 35 solution solution NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 36 phase phase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 290 37 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 2 134 134 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 4 Copious copious JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 5 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 6 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 7 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 8 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 9 hydrogels hydrogel NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 11 sol sol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 12 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 13 gels gel NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 15 resins resin NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 17 clays clay NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 18 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 19 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 20 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 21 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 23 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 25 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 26 but but CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 27 most most JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 29 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 30 mentioned mention VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 31 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 32 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 33 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 34 limitations limitation NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 35 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 36 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 37 poor poor JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 38 biocompatibility biocompatibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 39 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 40 difficult difficult JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 41 synthesis synthesis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 42 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 43 poor poor JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 44 controllability controllability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 45 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 46 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 47 poor poor JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 48 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 49 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 291 50 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 2 132 132 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 5 135 135 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 8 136 136 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 11 137 137 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 14 138 138 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 292 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 3 there there EX cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 4 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 5 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 6 substantial substantial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 7 need need NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 10 development development NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 12 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 13 electrodes electrode NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 14 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 15 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 16 improved improve VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 17 compatibility compatibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 18 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 19 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 20 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 21 quick quick JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 22 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 23 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 293 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 1 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 2 provide provide VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 3 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 4 organized organized JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 5 molecular molecular JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 6 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 7 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 8 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 9 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 10 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 11 permits permit VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 13 utilization utilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 14 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 15 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 17 active active JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 18 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 19 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 21 function function VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 22 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 23 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 24 3D 3d JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 25 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 26 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 27 preserves preserve VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 28 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 29 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 30 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 31 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 32 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 33 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 34 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 35 period period NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 294 36 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 2 characteristic characteristic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 4 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 6 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 7 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 8 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 9 viability viability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 10 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 11 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 12 membrane membrane NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 14 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 15 furnished furnish VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 16 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 17 new new JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 18 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 19 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 20 exploring explore VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 21 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 22 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 295 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 296 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 296 2 139 139 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 296 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 1 Simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 4 render render VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 5 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 6 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 7 platform platform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 9 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 10 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 11 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 12 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 13 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 14 known know VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 15 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 16 offer offer VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 17 durability durability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 19 porosity porosity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 21 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 23 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 24 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 25 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 26 rate rate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 27 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 28 biocompatibility biocompatibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 29 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 30 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 31 better well JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 32 signal signal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 33 transduction transduction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 297 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 298 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 298 2 140 140 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 298 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 298 4 141 141 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 298 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 1 Integrating integrate VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 2 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 3 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 5 organic organic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 6 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 7 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 8 prevents prevent VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 10 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 11 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 12 leaching leach VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 13 out out IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 16 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 17 while while IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 18 retaining retain VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 20 accessibility accessibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 22 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 23 active active JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 24 sites site NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 25 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 26 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 27 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 29 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 30 permeability permeability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 31 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 32 films film NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 33 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 34 analyte analyte VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 299 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 300 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 300 2 142 142 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 300 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 2 vivo vivo FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 3 biomedical biomedical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 4 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 5 requires require VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 6 biocompatibility biocompatibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 9 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 10 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 11 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 12 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 13 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 14 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 15 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 16 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 17 purpose purpose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 301 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 302 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 302 2 143 143 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 302 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 3 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 4 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 5 alongside alongside IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 6 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 7 organic organic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 8 nature nature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 10 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 11 renders render VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 12 them -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 13 biocompatible biocompatible JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 15 neutral neutral JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 16 aqueous aqueous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 17 solution solution NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 19 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 20 makes make VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 21 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 22 possibility possibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 24 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 25 vivo vivo NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 26 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 27 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 28 continuous continuous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 29 metabolites metabolite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 30 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 31 drug drug NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 32 monitoring monitoring NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 33 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 34 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 35 fluids fluid NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 303 36 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 304 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 304 2 144 144 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 304 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 304 4 145 145 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 304 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 1 Despite despite IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 3 copious copious JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 4 benefits benefit NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 5 provided provide VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 6 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 7 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 9 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 10 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 11 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 12 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 13 property property NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 14 issues issue NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 15 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 16 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 17 affected affect VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 18 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 19 ambient ambient JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 20 conditions condition NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 21 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 22 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 23 oxygen oxygen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 24 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 25 redox redox NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 26 reactant reactant NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 27 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 28 acidic acidic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 29 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 30 basic basic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 31 media medium NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 305 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 306 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 306 2 146 146 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 306 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 4 physical physical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 5 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 6 electronic electronic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 7 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 9 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 10 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 11 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 12 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 13 matter matter NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 15 concern concern NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 16 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 17 certain certain JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 18 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 307 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 1 For for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 2 example example NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 4 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 5 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 6 bioelectrochemical bioelectrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 7 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 10 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 11 essential essential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 12 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 13 retain retain VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 15 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 17 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 18 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 19 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 20 pH pH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 21 value value NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 23 above above IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 24 4 4 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 308 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 309 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 309 2 147 147 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 309 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 309 4 148 148 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 309 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 1 Also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 4 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 5 obligatory obligatory JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 6 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 7 ponder ponder VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 9 consequence consequence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 11 integration integration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 13 counter counter JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 14 ion ion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 15 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 16 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 17 dopant dopant NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 18 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 19 pH ph NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 20 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 22 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 23 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 24 synthesis synthesis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 310 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 311 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 311 2 149 149 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 311 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 1 Recently recently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 3 researchers researcher NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 4 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 5 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 7 benefit benefit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 9 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 10 nanomaterial nanomaterial NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 13 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 15 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 16 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 17 aids aid VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 18 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 19 enhancing enhance VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 21 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 23 performance performance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 25 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 26 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 312 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 2 150 150 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 5 151 151 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 8 152 152 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 10 Similar similar JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 11 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 12 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 14 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 15 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 16 ascertained ascertain VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 17 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 18 show show VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 19 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 20 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 21 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 313 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 1 nanomaterial nanomaterial NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 2 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 3 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 4 offered offer VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 5 attractive attractive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 6 feature feature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 7 providing provide VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 8 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 9 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 10 electronic electronic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 12 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 13 area area NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 14 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 15 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 16 further further JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 17 advancement advancement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 20 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 314 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 2 physicochemical physicochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 3 property property NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 5 nanomaterial nanomaterial NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 6 renders render VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 7 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 8 ideal ideal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 9 remedy remedy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 10 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 11 some some DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 12 conflicting conflicting JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 13 disputes dispute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 14 employed employ VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 15 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 17 optimization optimization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 19 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 20 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 21 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 22 maximum maximum JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 23 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 24 area area NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 25 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 26 effective effective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 27 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 28 loading loading NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 29 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 30 minimum minimum JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 31 diffusion diffusion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 32 limitation limitation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 33 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 34 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 35 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 36 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 37 polymeric polymeric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 38 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 39 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 40 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 41 porosity porosity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 42 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 43 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 44 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 45 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 315 46 www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advancedsciencenews.com ADD cord-346890-4vozhns4 316 1 www.mcp-journal.de www.mcp-journal.de JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 316 2 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 316 3 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 316 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 317 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 317 2 51 51 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 317 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 3 integration integration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 5 nanomaterial nanomaterial NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 6 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 7 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 8 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 9 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 10 generate generate VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 11 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 12 powerful powerful JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 13 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 14 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 15 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 16 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 17 offers offer VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 18 numerous numerous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 19 benefits benefit NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 20 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 21 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 22 tunable tunable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 23 physical physical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 25 chemical chemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 26 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 27 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 28 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 29 structural structural JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 30 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 31 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 32 flexibility flexibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 33 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 34 aids aid VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 35 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 36 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 37 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 38 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 318 39 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 319 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 319 2 132 132 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 319 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 1 For for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 3 sake sake NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 5 higher high JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 6 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 7 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 8 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 10 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 12 intense intense JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 13 research research NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 14 efforts effort NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 15 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 16 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 17 executed execute VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 18 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 20 advancement advancement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 22 successful successful JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 23 approaches approach NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 24 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 25 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 320 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 1 Various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 2 procedures procedure NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 4 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 5 date date NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 7 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 8 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 9 developed develop VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 10 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 11 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 12 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 14 viz viz NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 321 15 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 1 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 2 covalent covalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 3 attachment attachment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 5 physical physical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 6 adsorption adsorption NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 8 crosslinking crosslinking NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 10 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 11 entrapment entrapment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 12 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 13 shown show VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 15 Figure Figure NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 16 12 12 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 322 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 1 Physical physical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 2 adsorption adsorption NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 3 represents represent VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 4 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 7 simplest simple JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 8 methods method NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 9 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 11 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 13 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 14 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 15 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 16 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 17 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 18 effectively effectively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 19 maintains maintain VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 21 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 22 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 23 under under IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 24 moderate moderate JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 25 experimental experimental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 26 conditions condition NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 323 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 1 Here here RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 4 adsorption adsorption NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 6 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 7 takes take VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 8 place place NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 9 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 11 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 14 electrostatic electrostatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 15 interaction interaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 16 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 17 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 19 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 20 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 21 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 22 exhibit exhibit VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 23 distinct distinct JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 24 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 25 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 26 property property NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 27 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 28 accordance accordance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 29 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 30 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 31 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 32 groups group NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 324 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 1 Also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 3 other other JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 4 non non JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 5 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 6 covalent covalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 7 interactions interaction NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 8 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 9 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 10 hydrophobic hydrophobic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 12 van van NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 13 der der NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 14 Walls Walls NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 15 forces force NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 17 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 18 bonds bond NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 19 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 20 contribute contribute VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 21 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 23 adsorption adsorption NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 24 process process NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 325 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 326 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 326 2 133 133 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 326 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 2 technique technique NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 3 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 4 dispensable dispensable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 6 any any DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 7 functionalization functionalization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 9 monomer monomer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 10 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 11 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 12 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 13 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 14 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 15 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 16 noninvasive noninvasive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 17 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 19 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 21 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 327 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 1 Though though IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 2 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 3 process process NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 4 induces induce VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 5 little little JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 6 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 7 inactivation inactivation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 10 relative relative JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 11 weak weak JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 12 electrostatic electrostatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 13 forces force NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 14 comprised comprise VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 15 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 16 adsorption adsorption NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 17 causes cause VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 19 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 20 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 21 leach leach VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 22 out out RP cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 23 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 25 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 26 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 27 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 28 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 29 long long JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 30 experimental experimental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 31 run run NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 328 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 1 As as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 3 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 4 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 5 limited limit VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 6 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 7 only only RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 8 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 9 mono mono NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 10 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 11 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 13 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 15 very very RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 16 less less JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 17 amount amount NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 19 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 20 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 21 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 22 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 329 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 1 Also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 3 there there EX cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 4 might may MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 5 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 6 nonspecific nonspecific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 7 adsorption adsorption NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 9 other other JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 10 biomolecular biomolecular JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 11 species specie NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 12 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 13 substance substance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 14 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 15 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 16 technique technique NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 330 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 1 Covalent covalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 2 anchoring anchoring NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 4 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 5 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 6 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 7 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 8 considered consider VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 9 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 10 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 11 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 14 widely widely RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 15 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 16 chemical chemical NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 17 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 18 techniques technique NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 19 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 21 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 22 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 23 covalently covalently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 24 linked link VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 25 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 26 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 27 via via IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 28 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 29 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 30 groups group NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 31 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 32 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 33 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 34 generating generate VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 35 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 36 robust robust JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 37 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 38 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 39 devoid devoid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 40 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 41 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 42 problem problem NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 43 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 44 leaching leaching NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 331 45 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 2 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 4 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 5 usually usually RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 6 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 7 magnificent magnificent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 8 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 9 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 10 long long JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 11 experimental experimental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 12 measurements measurement NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 13 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 15 covalent covalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 16 attachment attachment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 17 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 18 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 19 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 332 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 333 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 333 2 153 153 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 333 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 333 4 154 154 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 333 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 2 covalent covalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 3 bonding bonding NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 4 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 5 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 6 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 7 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 8 utilizes utilize VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 10 chemistry chemistry NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 12 N n NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 13 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 14 hydroxysuccinimide hydroxysuccinimide NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 16 NHS)/1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl NHS)/1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 18 carbodiimide carbodiimide NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 20 EDC EDC NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 22 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 23 coupling couple VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 24 carboxylic carboxylic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 25 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 27 COOH COOH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 29 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 30 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 31 amine amine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 32 group group NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 34 NH NH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 35 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 37 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 38 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 39 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 40 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 41 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 42 respectively respectively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 334 43 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 335 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 335 2 155 155 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 335 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 1 Recently recently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 3 Sarac Sarac NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 4 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 6 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 7 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 9 COOH COOH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 11 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 12 poly(m poly(m NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 13 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 14 anthranilic anthranilic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 15 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 19 NH NH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 20 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 22 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 23 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 24 probe probe NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 25 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 26 covalent covalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 27 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 28 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 29 poly(m poly(m NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 30 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 31 anthranilic anthranilic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 32 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 34 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 35 evokes evoke VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 36 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 37 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 39 COOH COOH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 41 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 43 NH NH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 44 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 46 group group NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 47 forming form VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 48 amide amide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 49 linkages linkage NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 336 50 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 2 156 156 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 4 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 5 manifested manifest VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 6 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 7 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 8 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 9 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 11 broad broad JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 12 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 14 pH ph NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 16 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 17 processibility processibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 19 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 20 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 21 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 337 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 1 Covalent covalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 2 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 3 may may MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 4 eliminate eliminate VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 5 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 6 either either CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 7 decrease decrease VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 8 some some DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 9 common common JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 10 difficulties difficulty NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 11 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 12 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 13 diffusion diffusion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 15 instability instability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 17 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 18 inactivation inactivation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 20 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 21 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 22 occurs occur VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 23 when when WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 25 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 26 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 27 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 28 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 29 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 30 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 31 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 338 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 2 157 157 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 4 Immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 6 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 7 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 8 cross cross NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 9 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 10 linking linking NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 11 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 12 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 13 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 14 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 15 bi bi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 16 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 17 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 18 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 19 multi multi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 20 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 21 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 22 agents agent NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 23 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 24 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 25 glutaraldehyde glutaraldehyde NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 27 hexamethylene hexamethylene NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 28 diamine diamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 29 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 30 glyoxal glyoxal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 31 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 32 toluene toluene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 33 diisocyanates diisocyanate NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 34 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 35 another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 36 approach approach NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 37 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 38 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 39 development development NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 40 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 41 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 339 42 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 340 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 340 2 158 158 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 340 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 2 coupling coupling NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 3 agents agent NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 4 generally generally RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 5 cross cross VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 6 - - NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 7 links link NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 8 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 9 phenolic phenolic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 10 groups group NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 12 tyrosine tyrosine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 14 amino amino NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 15 groups group NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 16 lysine lysine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 18 sulfhydryl sulfhydryl NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 19 groups group NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 21 cysteine cysteine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 23 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 24 imidazole imidazole JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 25 groups group NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 27 histidine histidine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 28 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 29 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 30 binding binding NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 341 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 342 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 342 2 133 133 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 342 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 342 4 157 157 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 342 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 1 Though though IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 2 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 3 method method NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 4 offers offer VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 5 short short JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 6 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 7 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 9 strong strong JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 10 chemical chemical NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 11 binding binding NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 12 among among IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 13 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 15 there there EX cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 16 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 17 many many JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 18 bottlenecks bottleneck NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 19 associated associate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 20 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 21 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 22 technique technique NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 23 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 24 i i LS cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 26 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 27 results result VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 28 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 29 multilayer multilayer JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 30 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 31 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 32 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 33 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 34 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 35 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 36 decrease decrease NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 37 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 343 38 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 1 ; ; : cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 2 ii ii LS cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 5 causes cause VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 6 loss loss NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 8 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 9 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 10 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 11 uncontrollable uncontrollable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 12 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 13 ; ; : cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 14 iii iii LS cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 17 may may MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 18 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 19 cause cause VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 20 deterioration deterioration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 21 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 22 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 23 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 24 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 25 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 27 distortion distortion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 29 active active JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 30 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 31 conformation conformation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 32 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 33 chemical chemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 34 variation variation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 35 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 36 active active JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 37 site site NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 38 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 39 cross cross NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 40 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 41 linking linking JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 42 ; ; : cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 43 iv iv LS cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 45 poor poor JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 46 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 47 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 48 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 49 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 50 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 51 exposed expose VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 52 directly directly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 53 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 54 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 55 solution solution NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 56 ; ; : cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 57 v v LS cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 59 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 60 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 61 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 62 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 63 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 64 not not RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 65 rigid rigid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 66 ; ; : cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 67 vi vi NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 68 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 69 large large JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 70 diffusional diffusional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 71 barriers barrier NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 72 causing cause VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 73 delay delay NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 74 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 75 interactions interaction NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 344 76 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 345 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 345 2 159 159 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 345 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 345 4 160 160 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 345 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 346 1 Toppare Toppare NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 346 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 346 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 346 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 1 synthesized synthesize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 2 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 3 novel novel NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 4 poly(6-(4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)-2H poly(6-(4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)-2h NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 5 - - : cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 6 benzo[d benzo[d NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 7 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 9 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 11 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 13 3 3 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 14 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 15 triazol-2-yl)hexan-1amine triazol-2-yl)hexan-1amine JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 17 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 18 conductive conductive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 19 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 20 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 21 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 22 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 24 choline choline NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 25 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 26 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 27 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 28 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 30 glutaraldehyde glutaraldehyde NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 31 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 32 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 33 cross cross NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 34 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 35 linking linking JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 36 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 37 bifunctional bifunctional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 38 agent agent NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 347 39 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 2 achieved achieve VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 3 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 4 overwhelmingly overwhelmingly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 5 robust robust JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 6 linkage linkage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 7 among among IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 9 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 10 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 12 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 13 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 15 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 17 glutaraldehyde glutaraldehyde NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 348 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 1 Also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 4 optimized optimize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 6 amount amount NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 8 cross cross JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 9 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 10 linker linker NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 12 up up IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 13 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 14 2.5 2.5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 15 % % NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 16 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 17 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 18 required require VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 19 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 20 achieving achieve VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 21 ideal ideal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 22 cross cross NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 23 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 24 linking linking NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 349 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 350 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 350 2 161 161 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 350 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 1 Apart apart RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 2 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 4 conventional conventional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 5 procedures procedure NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 7 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 10 coupling coupling NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 12 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 13 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 14 electropolymerized electropolymerized JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 15 films film NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 16 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 17 sought seek VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 18 significant significant JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 19 importance importance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 20 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 21 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 22 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 23 nonmanual nonmanual JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 24 procedure procedure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 25 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 26 reproducibility reproducibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 351 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 1 Electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 2 entrapment entrapment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 3 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 4 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 5 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 6 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 7 step step NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 8 method method NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 9 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 10 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 11 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 12 potential potential NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 13 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 14 applied apply VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 15 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 17 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 18 submerged submerge VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 19 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 20 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 21 aqueous aqueous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 22 solution solution NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 24 electropolymerizable electropolymerizable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 25 monomer monomer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 26 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 27 buffer buffer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 28 containing contain VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 29 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 30 forming form VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 31 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 32 layers layer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 33 integrated integrate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 34 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 35 homogenously homogenously RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 36 distributed distribute VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 37 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 38 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 39 bio bio JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 40 probes probe NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 352 41 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 2 162 162 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 4 Near near IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 6 vicinity vicinity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 8 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 9 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 12 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 13 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 14 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 15 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 17 www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advancedsciencenews.com NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 18 www.mcp-journal.de www.mcp-journal.de NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 19 growing grow VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 20 polymer polymer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 21 network network NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 22 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 23 physical physical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 24 means mean NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 353 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 2 simple simple JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 3 onestep onestep NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 4 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 5 technique technique NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 6 does do VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 7 not not RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 8 affect affect VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 10 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 11 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 12 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 13 there there EX cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 14 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 15 no no DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 16 chemical chemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 17 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 18 involved involve VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 19 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 21 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 23 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 24 situ situ NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 25 polymerized polymerize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 26 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 354 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 2 process process NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 3 offers offer VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 4 numerous numerous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 5 benefits benefit NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 6 like like IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 7 reproducibility reproducibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 9 potentiality potentiality NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 11 amalgamation amalgamation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 13 co co NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 14 - - NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 15 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 16 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 17 some some PDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 18 another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 19 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 20 concurrently concurrently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 21 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 22 directly directly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 23 embodying embody VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 24 them -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 25 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 26 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 27 solution solution NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 355 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 356 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 356 2 163 163 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 356 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 2 well well RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 3 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 4 controlled control VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 5 technique technique NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 6 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 7 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 8 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 9 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 10 greatly greatly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 11 significant significant JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 14 construction construction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 16 multi multi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 17 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 18 enzyme enzyme JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 19 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 20 micro micro JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 21 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 22 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 357 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 1 Over over IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 2 conventional conventional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 3 procedures procedure NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 5 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 6 entrapment entrapment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 7 offers offer VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 8 numerous numerous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 9 advantages advantage NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 10 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 11 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 12 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 13 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 14 step step NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 15 facile facile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 16 fabrication fabrication NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 18 accurate accurate JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 19 control control NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 20 over over IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 21 film film NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 22 thickness thickness NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 25 greater great JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 26 reproducibility reproducibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 27 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 28 however however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 29 drawbacks drawback VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 30 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 31 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 32 procedure procedure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 33 provides provide VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 34 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 35 possibility possibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 36 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 37 blemishing blemish VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 38 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 39 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 40 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 41 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 42 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 43 potential potential NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 44 applied apply VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 45 while while IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 46 polymerization polymerization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 47 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 48 poor poor JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 49 target target NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 50 approachability approachability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 51 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 52 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 53 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 54 incorporation incorporation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 55 amid amid IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 56 bulk bulk JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 57 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 58 film film NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 59 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 60 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 61 process process NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 62 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 63 suitable suitable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 64 only only RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 65 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 66 water water NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 67 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 68 soluble soluble JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 69 monomer monomer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 358 70 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 359 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 359 2 164 164 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 359 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 359 4 165 165 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 359 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 359 6 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 359 7 most most RBS cord-346890-4vozhns4 359 8 commonly commonly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 359 9 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 359 10 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 359 11 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 359 12 polypyrrole polypyrrole NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 359 13 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 1 Recently recently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 3 Ganjali Ganjali NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 4 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 6 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 7 constructed construct VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 9 novel novel JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 10 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 11 selective selective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 12 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 13 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 14 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 15 electropolymerized electropolymerized JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 16 polypyrrole polypyrrole NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 17 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 19 entrapment entrapment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 21 cytochrome cytochrome NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 22 C c NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 23 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 24 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 25 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 26 screen screen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 27 printed print VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 28 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 360 29 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 2 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 3 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 4 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 5 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 6 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 7 over over IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 9 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 10 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 12 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 13 pm pm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 14 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 15 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 16 nm nm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 18 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 20 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 21 5 5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 22 pm pm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 361 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 2 166 166 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 4 _SP cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 5 For for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 7 past past JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 8 few few JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 9 years year NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 11 profound profound JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 12 research research NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 13 effort effort NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 14 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 15 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 16 made make VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 17 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 18 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 19 's 's POS cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 20 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 21 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 23 quest quest NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 24 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 25 exceptional exceptional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 26 design design NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 27 strategy strategy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 29 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 30 proficient proficient JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 31 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 32 dispense dispense VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 33 superior superior JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 34 analytical analytical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 35 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 36 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 37 regard regard NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 38 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 39 reliability reliability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 40 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 41 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 42 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 43 facile facile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 44 fabrication fabrication NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 45 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 46 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 47 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 48 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 49 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 50 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 51 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 362 52 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 1 These these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 2 days day NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 5 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 6 customary customary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 7 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 9 implementation implementation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 12 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 13 will will MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 14 rely rely VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 15 considerably considerably RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 16 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 18 impact impact NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 19 levied levy VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 20 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 21 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 22 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 23 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 363 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 2 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 3 context context NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 5 exploiting exploit VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 7 nanomaterials nanomaterial NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 10 fabrication fabrication NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 12 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 13 constitutes constitute VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 14 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 15 exciting exciting JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 16 approaches approach NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 364 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 1 Composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 3 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 4 utilize utilize VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 5 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 6 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 7 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 8 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 11 secondary secondary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 12 component component NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 13 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 14 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 15 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 16 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 17 organic organic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 18 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 19 inorganic inorganic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 20 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 21 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 22 includes include VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 23 gold gold NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 24 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 25 silver silver NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 27 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 28 nanotubes nanotube NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 29 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 30 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 31 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 32 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 33 oxide oxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 34 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 35 etc etc FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 365 36 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 2 main main JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 3 objective objective NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 5 developing develop VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 6 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 7 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 8 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 9 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 10 perceive perceive VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 11 novel novel JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 12 diverse diverse JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 13 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 14 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 15 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 16 usually usually RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 17 not not RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 18 observed observe VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 19 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 21 singular singular JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 22 counterparts counterpart NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 366 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 1 Definite definite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 2 chemical chemical NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 3 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 4 physical physical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 5 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 7 gold gold NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 8 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 10 AuNPs AuNPs JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 12 make make VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 13 them -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 14 splendid splendid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 15 candidates candidate NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 16 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 18 construction construction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 20 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 21 sensors sensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 367 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 1 Few few JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 4 common common JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 5 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 7 utilizing utilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 8 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 9 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 11 fabrication fabrication NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 13 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 14 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 15 mentioned mention VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 16 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 17 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 368 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 369 1 Facile facile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 369 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 369 3 straightforward straightforward JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 369 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 369 5 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 369 6 green green JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 369 7 synthesis synthesis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 369 8 method method NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 369 9 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 369 10 167 167 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 369 11 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 369 12 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 369 13 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 370 1 Unique unique JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 370 2 optoelectronic optoelectronic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 370 3 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 370 4 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 370 5 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 370 6 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 370 7 168 168 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 370 8 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 370 9 3 3 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 370 10 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 1 Exceptional exceptional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 2 biocompatibility biocompatibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 3 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 4 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 5 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 6 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 7 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 8 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 9 volume volume NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 10 ratio ratio NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 12 169 169 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 14 4 4 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 371 15 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 1 Tunable tunable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 2 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 4 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 5 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 6 varying vary VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 7 size size NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 9 shape shape NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 12 ambient ambient JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 13 microenvironment microenvironment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 15 170 170 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 17 5 5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 372 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 1 Good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 2 electrodeposition electrodeposition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 3 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 4 171 171 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 6 offering offer VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 7 biosensing biosense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 8 platform platform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 9 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 10 multi multi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 11 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 12 functionalization functionalization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 13 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 14 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 15 broad broad JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 16 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 18 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 19 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 20 selective selective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 21 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 23 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 24 targets target NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 373 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 1 Due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 2 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 3 each each DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 6 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 8 AuNP AuNP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 9 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 10 sought seek VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 11 tremendous tremendous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 12 interest interest NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 14 scientists scientist NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 15 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 16 develop develop VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 17 unusual unusual JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 18 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 19 strategies strategy NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 20 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 21 augmented augment VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 22 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 24 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 25 toward toward IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 26 target target NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 27 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 374 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 1 With with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 2 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 3 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 4 energy energy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 5 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 6 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 7 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 8 volume volume NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 9 ratio ratio NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 11 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 12 provide provide VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 13 persistent persistent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 14 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 16 great great JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 17 amount amount NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 19 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 20 preserving preserve VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 21 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 22 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 23 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 24 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 25 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 26 direct direct JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 27 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 28 fast fast JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 29 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 30 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 31 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 32 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 33 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 34 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 35 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 36 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 37 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 38 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 39 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 40 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 41 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 42 unique unique JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 43 conductive conductive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 44 property property NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 45 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 46 acting act VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 47 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 48 " " `` cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 49 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 50 wires wire NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 51 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 375 52 " " '' cord-346890-4vozhns4 376 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 376 2 172 172 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 376 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 376 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 376 5 173 173 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 376 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 376 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 376 8 174 174 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 376 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 1 Because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 4 suitable suitable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 5 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 7 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 9 viz viz NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 10 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 12 film film NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 13 thickness thickness NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 15 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 16 transport transport NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 19 permselective permselective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 20 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 22 electropolymerization electropolymerization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 23 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 24 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 25 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 26 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 27 most most RBS cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 28 widely widely RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 29 accepted accept VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 30 protocols protocol NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 31 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 32 manufacturing manufacture VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 33 suitable suitable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 34 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 35 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 377 36 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 1 Though though IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 2 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 3 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 4 onto onto IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 5 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 6 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 7 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 8 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 9 acquired acquire VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 10 considerable considerable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 11 attention attention NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 12 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 13 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 14 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 16 these these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 17 inimitable inimitable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 18 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 19 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 21 primary primary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 22 constraint constraint NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 23 faced face VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 24 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 25 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 26 large large JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 27 number number NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 29 monomer monomer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 30 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 31 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 32 essential essential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 33 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 34 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 378 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 3 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 4 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 5 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 6 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 7 provides provide VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 8 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 9 increased increase VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 10 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 11 area area NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 12 providing provide VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 13 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 14 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 15 amount amount NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 17 area area NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 18 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 19 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 20 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 21 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 22 shown show VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 23 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 24 Figure Figure NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 25 13 13 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 379 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 1 Simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 4 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 5 provides provide VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 6 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 7 superior superior JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 8 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 9 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 10 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 11 avoids avoid VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 12 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 13 leakage leakage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 14 while while IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 15 permitting permit VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 16 rapid rapid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 17 diffusion diffusion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 19 substrates substrate NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 20 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 21 products product NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 22 utilizing utilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 23 less less JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 24 amount amount NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 25 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 26 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 380 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 1 Au Au NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 2 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 3 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 4 nanocomposites nanocomposite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 5 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 6 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 7 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 9 determining determine VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 10 numerous numerous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 11 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 12 species specie NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 14 however however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 16 practical practical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 17 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 19 Au Au NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 20 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 21 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 22 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 23 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 24 far far RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 25 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 26 straightforward straightforward JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 27 mainly mainly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 28 due due JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 29 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 30 poor poor JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 31 solubility solubility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 32 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 33 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 34 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 35 distinct distinct JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 36 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 37 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 38 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 39 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 40 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 41 AuNPS AuNPS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 381 42 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 3 Hoonacker Hoonacker NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 4 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 6 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 7 synthesized synthesize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 9 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 11 encapsulated encapsulate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 12 gold gold NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 13 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 15 water water NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 16 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 17 soluble soluble JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 18 poly(aniline-2-carboxylic poly(aniline-2-carboxylic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 19 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 21 via via IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 22 electrostatic electrostatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 23 adsorption adsorption NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 382 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 2 proposed propose VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 4 as as RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 5 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 6 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 7 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 9 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 10 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 12 biosensing biosense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 13 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 15 individual individual JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 16 counter counter JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 17 - - NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 18 parts part NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 19 revealed reveal VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 20 matching match VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 21 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 22 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 23 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 24 permitted permit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 25 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 26 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 27 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 28 occur occur VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 29 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 30 upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 31 light light JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 32 absorption absorption NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 33 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 34 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 35 them -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 36 exhibiting exhibit VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 37 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 38 significant significant JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 39 enhancement enhancement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 40 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 41 photonic photonic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 42 reactivity reactivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 383 43 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 2 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 3 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 4 enhanced enhance VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 5 photonic photonic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 6 reactivity reactivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 7 toward toward IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 9 environmental environmental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 10 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 11 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 12 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 13 redox redox NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 15 pH ph NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 17 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 18 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 19 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 20 refractive refractive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 21 index index NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 384 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 385 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 385 2 175 175 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 385 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 1 Apart apart RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 2 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 3 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 6 fact fact NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 7 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 8 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 9 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 10 remained remain VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 11 stable stable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 13 aqueous aqueous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 14 solution solution NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 15 allowed allow VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 16 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 18 development development NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 19 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 21 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 23 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 24 science science NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 386 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 1 One one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 4 fascinating fascinating JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 5 applications application NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 7 Au Au NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 8 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 9 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 10 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 11 nanocomposite nanocomposite NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 13 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 14 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 15 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 16 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 18 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 21 gender gender NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 23 arowana arowana JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 24 fish fish NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 26 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 27 dragon dragon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 28 fish fish NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 30 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 31 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 32 site site NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 33 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 34 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 35 necessary necessary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 36 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 37 optimal optimal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 38 production production NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 39 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 40 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 41 cultured cultured JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 42 fish fish NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 387 43 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 1 So so RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 3 Marugan Marugan NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 4 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 6 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 7 prepared prepare VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 9 kappa kappa NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 10 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 11 carrageenan carrageenan NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 12 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 13 AuNP aunp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 14 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 15 polypyrrole polypyrrole NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 16 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 17 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 18 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 19 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 21 covalently covalently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 22 anchored anchor VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 24 ssDNA ssdna JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 25 probe probe NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 27 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 28 dragon dragon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 29 fish fish NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 30 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 31 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 32 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 33 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 388 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 2 176 176 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 4 Since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 5 polypyrrole polypyrrole NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 6 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 7 fragile fragile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 8 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 11 177 177 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 13 kappa kappa NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 14 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 15 carrageenan carrageenan NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 16 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 17 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 18 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 19 developing develop VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 20 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 21 mechanically mechanically RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 22 strong strong JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 23 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 24 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 25 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 26 biosensing biosensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 389 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 1 Genomic genomic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 2 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 3 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 4 collected collect VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 5 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 7 scales scale NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 9 fish fish NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 10 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 11 subjected subject VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 12 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 13 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 14 extraction extraction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 17 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 18 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 19 revealed reveal VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 20 wide wide JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 21 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 22 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 24 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 25 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 27 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 28 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 29 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 30 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 31 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 32 5 5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 33 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 35 up up IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 36 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 37 two two CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 38 orders order NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 39 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 40 magnitude magnitude NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 42 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 43 comparison comparison NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 44 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 45 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 46 traditional traditional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 47 thiol thiol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 48 self self NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 49 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 50 assembled assemble VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 51 monolayers monolayer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 390 52 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 2 178 178 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 4 De De NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 5 et et FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 7 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 8 fabricated fabricate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 9 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 10 platform platform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 12 biosensing biosense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 14 three three CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 15 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 16 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 17 viz viz NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 391 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 1 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 2 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 4 DNA DNA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 6 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 7 protein protein NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 8 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 9 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 10 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 11 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 13 single single RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 14 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 15 stranded strand VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 16 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 19 Lamin Lamin NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 20 A A NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 21 antibody antibody NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 23 respectively respectively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 24 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 25 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 26 polyaniline polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 27 nanowire nanowire NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 28 decorated decorate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 29 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 30 gold gold NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 31 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 392 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 1 Method method NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 3 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 4 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 5 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 6 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 7 each each DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 8 system system NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 9 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 10 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 13 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 14 displayed display VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 15 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 16 specificity specificity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 18 higher high JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 19 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 21 greater great JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 22 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 25 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 26 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 27 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 28 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 29 proved prove VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 30 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 31 Au Au NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 32 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 33 polyaniline polyaniline NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 34 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 35 suitable suitable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 36 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 37 general general JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 38 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 39 platform platform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 393 40 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 394 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 394 2 179 179 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 394 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 395 1 Recently recently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 395 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 395 3 Denkbas Denkbas NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 395 4 et et FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 395 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 395 6 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 1 produced produce VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 2 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 3 disposable disposable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 5 stable stable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 7 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 8 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 9 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 10 effective effective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 11 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 13 self self NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 14 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 15 assembled assemble VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 16 peptide peptide JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 17 nanotube nanotube NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 19 AuNP aunp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 22 polyaniline polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 23 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 24 pencil pencil NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 25 graphite graphite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 26 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 27 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 28 recognizing recognize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 29 prostate prostate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 30 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 31 antigen antigen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 33 PSA PSA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 396 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 397 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 397 2 found find VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 397 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 397 4 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 397 5 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 397 6 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 397 7 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 397 8 0.68 0.68 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 397 9 ng ng NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 397 10 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 397 11 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 397 12 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 398 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 398 2 180 180 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 398 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 2 practicality practicality NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 5 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 6 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 7 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 8 shown show VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 9 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 10 successfully successfully RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 11 applying apply VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 13 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 14 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 15 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 16 blood blood NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 17 serum serum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 18 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 19 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 20 detecting detect VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 21 PSA PSA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 399 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 1 Omidfar Omidfar NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 4 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 5 fabricated fabricate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 6 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 7 ultrasensitive ultrasensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 8 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 9 platform platform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 10 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 11 detecting detect VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 12 E. E. NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 13 coli coli NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 14 utilizing utilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 15 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 16 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 17 screen screen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 18 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 19 printed print VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 20 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 21 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 22 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 23 first first JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 24 polyaniline polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 25 film film NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 26 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 27 then then RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 28 AuNP AuNP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 400 29 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 3 next next JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 4 step step NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 6 avidin avidin JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 8 followed follow VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 9 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 10 biotinylated biotinylated JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 11 DNA DNA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 12 probe probe NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 13 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 14 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 15 covalently covalently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 16 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 18 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 19 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 20 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 21 avidinbiotin avidinbiotin NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 22 interaction interaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 401 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 402 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 402 2 181 181 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 402 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 2 described describe VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 3 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 4 assay assay NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 5 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 6 found find VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 7 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 8 detect detect VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 9 4 4 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 10 * * NFP cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 11 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 12 6 6 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 13 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 14 4 4 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 15 CFU CFU NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 17 E. E. NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 18 coli coli NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 19 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 20 concluded conclude VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 21 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 22 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 23 geneosensor geneosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 24 had have VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 25 potential potential NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 26 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 27 accurate accurate JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 28 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 29 rapid rapid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 30 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 31 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 32 E. E. NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 33 coli coli NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 34 imposed impose VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 35 infections infection NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 403 36 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 1 Au Au NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 2 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 3 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 4 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 5 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 6 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 7 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 8 widely widely RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 9 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 10 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 11 medical medical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 12 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 13 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 15 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 17 destructive destructive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 18 cancer cancer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 19 cells cell NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 404 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 405 1 Shim Shim NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 405 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 405 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 405 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 1 designed design VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 2 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 3 novel novel NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 5 facile facile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 7 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 8 biocompatible biocompatible JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 9 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 10 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 11 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 12 nano nano NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 13 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 14 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 15 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 17 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 19 non non JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 20 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 21 small small JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 22 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 23 cell cell NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 24 lung lung NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 25 cancer cancer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 27 NSCLC NSCLC NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 29 cells cell NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 406 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 2 authors author NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 3 covalently covalently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 4 immobilized immobilize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 5 MUC1 MUC1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 6 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 7 probe probe NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 8 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 10 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 11 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 12 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 13 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 14 self self NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 15 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 16 assembly assembly NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 18 4-([2,2′:5′,2″-terthiophen]-3′-yl 4-([2,2′:5′,2″-terthiophen]-3′-yl CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 20 benzoic benzoic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 21 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 22 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 23 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 24 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 25 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 26 obtained obtain VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 27 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 28 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 29 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 30 as as RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 31 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 32 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 33 8 8 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 34 cell cell NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 35 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 36 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 407 37 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 408 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 408 2 182 182 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 408 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 2 another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 3 research research NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 5 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 6 established establish VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 7 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 8 immunosensor immunosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 9 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 11 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 13 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 14 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 15 inducible inducible JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 16 factor1 factor1 NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 17 alpha alpha NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 19 HIF1α HIF1α NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 21 tumor tumor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 22 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 23 covalently covalently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 24 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 25 anti anti JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 26 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 27 HIF1α hif1α JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 28 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 29 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 30 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 31 same same JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 32 functionalized functionalize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 33 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 34 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 35 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 36 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 37 observed observe VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 38 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 39 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 40 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 41 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 42 5.35 5.35 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 43 ± ± CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 44 0.02 0.02 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 45 pm pm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 409 46 mL ml NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 410 1 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 410 2 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 411 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 411 2 183 183 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 411 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 1 Another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 2 researcher researcher NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 4 Wang Wang NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 5 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 7 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 8 proposed propose VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 9 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 10 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 11 nanobiosensor nanobiosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 12 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 13 early early JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 14 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 16 breast breast NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 17 cancer cancer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 18 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 19 direct direct JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 20 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 22 microRNA-21 microRNA-21 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 23 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 24 clinical clinical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 25 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 26 without without IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 27 extraction extraction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 28 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 29 amplification amplification NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 30 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 31 RNA RNA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 412 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 2 reported report VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 3 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 4 label label NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 5 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 6 free free JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 7 self self NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 8 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 9 assembled assemble VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 10 polypyrrole polypyrrole NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 11 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 12 gold gold NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 13 nanocomposite nanocomposite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 14 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 15 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 16 toluidine toluidine NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 17 blue blue NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 18 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 19 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 20 signal signal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 21 amplifier amplifier NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 22 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 23 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 24 lower low JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 25 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 27 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 29 78 78 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 30 am am NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 413 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 2 184 184 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 4 Self self NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 5 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 6 assembly assembly NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 8 polypyrrole polypyrrole NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 9 coated coat VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 10 gold gold NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 11 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 12 formed form VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 13 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 14 superlattice superlattice NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 15 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 16 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 18 close close RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 19 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 20 packed pack VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 21 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 23 thereby thereby RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 24 generating generate VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 25 maximum maximum JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 26 current current NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 414 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 1 Brainderived brainderived JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 2 neurotrophic neurotrophic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 3 factor factor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 5 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 6 BDNF BDNF NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 8 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 9 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 10 neurotrophin neurotrophin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 11 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 12 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 13 being be VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 14 involved involve VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 15 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 16 major major JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 17 psychiatric psychiatric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 19 neurological neurological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 20 disorders disorder NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 415 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 416 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 416 2 185 185 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 416 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 1 So so RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 2 recently recently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 4 Chandra Chandra NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 5 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 7 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 8 synthesized synthesize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 9 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 10 micro micro JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 11 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 12 fluidic fluidic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 13 immunosensor immunosensor NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 14 composed compose VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 16 gold gold NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 17 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 19 functionalized functionalize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 20 polyterthiophene polyterthiophene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 21 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 22 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 25 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 26 anti anti JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 27 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 28 BDNF BDNF NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 29 probe probe NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 30 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 31 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 32 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 33 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 34 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 35 detecting detect VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 36 BDNF BDNF NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 37 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 38 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 39 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 40 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 41 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 42 neuronal neuronal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 43 cells cell NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 417 44 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 418 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 418 2 186 186 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 418 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 2 immunosensor immunosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 3 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 4 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 5 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 6 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 7 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 8 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 9 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 11 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 12 1.5 1.5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 13 ± ± NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 14 0.012 0.012 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 15 pg pg NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 16 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 17 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 419 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 1 Gold gold NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 2 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 3 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 4 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 5 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 6 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 7 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 8 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 9 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 11 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 12 fluids fluid NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 13 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 15 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 16 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 18 co co JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 19 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 20 existing existing JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 21 compounds compound NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 420 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 1 Folic folic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 2 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 4 water water NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 5 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 6 soluble soluble JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 7 vitamin vitamin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 10 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 12 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 13 neurotransmitter neurotransmitter NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 15 play play VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 16 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 17 vital vital JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 18 part part NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 19 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 20 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 21 metabolism metabolism NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 23 central central JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 24 nervous nervous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 25 system system NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 421 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 422 1 Stephen Stephen NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 422 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 422 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 422 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 1 fabricated fabricate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 2 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 3 poly(omethoxyaniline)-Au poly(omethoxyaniline)-Au NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 4 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 5 nanocomposites nanocomposite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 6 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 7 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 8 situ situ JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 9 chemical chemical NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 10 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 11 polymerization polymerization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 12 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 13 novel novel JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 14 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 15 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 17 folic folic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 18 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 19 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 20 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 423 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 2 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 3 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 4 stable stable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 6 precise precise JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 9 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 10 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 11 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 12 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 13 folic folic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 14 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 15 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 16 pharmaceutical pharmaceutical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 18 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 19 urine urine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 20 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 23 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 25 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 26 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 27 obtained obtain VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 28 0.062 0.062 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 29 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 30 0.090 0.090 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 31 µm µm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 32 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 33 respectively respectively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 424 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 425 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 425 2 187 187 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 425 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 426 1 Baoxian Baoxian NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 426 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 426 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 426 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 1 investigated investigate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 2 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 3 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 4 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 6 uric uric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 7 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 9 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 10 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 11 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 12 −7 −7 NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 13 mol mol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 14 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 15 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 16 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 17 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 19 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 20 epinephrine epinephrine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 22 8 8 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 23 * * NFP cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 24 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 25 −8 −8 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 26 mol mol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 27 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 28 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 29 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 30 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 32 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 33 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 34 blood blood NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 35 serum serum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 36 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 37 depositing deposit VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 38 AuNP AuNP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 39 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 40 polyaniline polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 41 film film NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 42 prepared prepare VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 43 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 44 Langmuir Langmuir NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 45 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 46 Blodgett Blodgett NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 47 technology technology NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 48 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 49 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 50 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 51 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 52 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 53 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 54 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 55 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 56 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 57 wide wide JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 58 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 59 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 427 60 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 2 188 188 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 4 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 5 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 6 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 7 hydrogels hydrogel NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 8 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 9 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 10 acquiring acquire VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 12 interest interest NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 14 scientists scientist NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 16 189 189 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 19 190 190 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 22 191 191 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 24 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 25 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 26 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 27 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 28 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 29 owing owe VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 30 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 31 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 32 3D 3d JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 33 network network NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 34 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 35 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 36 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 37 accumulate accumulate VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 38 both both DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 39 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 40 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 41 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 42 as as RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 43 well well RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 44 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 45 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 46 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 47 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 48 short short JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 49 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 50 diffusion diffusion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 51 pathway pathway NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 428 52 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 2 hydrogels hydrogel NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 4 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 5 not not RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 6 only only RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 7 maintain maintain VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 9 unique unique JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 10 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 12 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 13 but but CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 14 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 15 retain retain VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 17 nanomaterials nanomaterial NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 18 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 19 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 20 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 21 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 22 3D 3d JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 23 perpetual perpetual JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 24 conducting conduct VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 25 network network NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 26 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 27 large large JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 28 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 29 area area NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 30 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 31 enhances enhance VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 32 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 33 benefits benefit NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 34 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 35 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 36 hydrogels hydrogel NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 37 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 38 designing design VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 39 novel novel NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 40 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 429 41 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 1 So so RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 3 Zhangfang Zhangfang NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 4 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 6 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 7 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 9 gains gain NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 11 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 12 hydrogels hydrogel NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 13 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 14 synthesized synthesize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 15 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 16 network network NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 17 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 19 polypyrrole polypyrrole NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 20 hydrogel hydrogel NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 22 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 23 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 25 construction construction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 27 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 28 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 29 label label NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 30 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 31 free free JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 32 immunosensor immunosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 33 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 34 utilizing utilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 35 carcinoembryonic carcinoembryonic NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 36 antigen antigen NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 38 CEA CEA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 40 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 41 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 42 model model NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 43 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 45 Figure Figure NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 46 14 14 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 430 48 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 2 192 192 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 4 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 5 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 6 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 7 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 9 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 10 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 12 broad broad JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 13 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 14 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 16 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 17 ultralow ultralow JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 18 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 20 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 22 0.16 0.16 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 23 fg fg NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 24 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 25 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 431 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 1 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 2 consolidated consolidated JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 3 data datum NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 5 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 6 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 7 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 8 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 9 gold gold NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 10 particles particle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 11 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 12 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 13 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 14 presented present VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 15 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 16 Table Table NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 17 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 432 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 1 Ever ever RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 2 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 4 discovery discovery NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 6 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 7 194 194 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 8 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 9 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 10 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 11 become become VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 12 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 13 vast vast JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 14 research research NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 15 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 16 globally globally RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 17 considering consider VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 19 exceptional exceptional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 20 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 22 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 25 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 26 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 27 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 28 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 29 ultra ultra JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 30 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 31 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 32 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 33 area area NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 433 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 1 CNTs CNTs NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 2 basically basically RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 3 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 5 two two CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 6 forms form NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 7 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 8 single single JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 9 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 10 walled walled JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 12 SWCNT SWCNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 14 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 15 multi multi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 16 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 17 walled walled JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 19 MWCNT MWCNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 21 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 22 consists consist VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 24 two two CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 25 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 26 more more RBR cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 27 cylindrical cylindrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 28 concentric concentric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 29 shells shell NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 30 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 31 graphite graphite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 32 sheets sheet NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 434 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 1 One one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 4 important important JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 5 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 6 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 8 helicity helicity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 10 honeycomb honeycomb NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 12 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 13 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 14 respect respect NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 15 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 16 tube tube NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 17 axes axis NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 435 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 436 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 436 2 194 194 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 436 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 1 Also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 4 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 5 well well RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 6 prominent prominent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 7 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 9 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 11 CNTs CNTs NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 12 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 13 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 14 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 15 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 16 influenced influence VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 17 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 19 exposure exposure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 20 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 21 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 22 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 23 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 24 led lead VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 25 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 26 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 27 exploration exploration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 28 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 29 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 30 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 31 element element NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 32 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 33 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 34 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 437 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 438 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 438 2 195 195 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 438 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 438 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 438 5 196 196 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 438 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 438 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 438 8 197 197 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 438 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 1 Considering consider VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 2 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 3 exceptional exceptional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 4 surfaceto surfaceto NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 5 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 6 volume volume NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 7 ratio ratio NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 9 wide wide JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 10 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 11 window window NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 13 efficient efficient JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 14 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 15 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 18 large large JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 19 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 20 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 21 area area NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 23 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 24 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 25 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 26 renowned renowne VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 27 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 28 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 29 ideal ideal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 30 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 31 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 32 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 33 fabrication fabrication NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 34 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 35 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 36 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 37 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 38 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 39 conceivable conceivable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 40 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 41 attain attain VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 42 ultra ultra JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 43 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 44 fast fast JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 45 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 46 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 47 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 48 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 49 very very RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 50 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 51 concentrations concentration NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 439 52 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 440 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 440 2 198 198 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 440 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 440 4 199 199 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 440 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 1 Hence hence RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 3 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 4 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 5 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 6 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 7 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 8 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 11 best good JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 12 contenders contender NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 13 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 14 ultra ultra JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 15 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 16 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 17 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 18 methodology methodology NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 441 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 1 Though though IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 2 CNTs cnt NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 3 provide provide VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 4 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 5 copious copious JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 6 benefits benefit NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 8 some some DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 9 limitations limitation NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 10 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 11 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 12 poor poor JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 13 processibility processibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 14 hinder hinder VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 16 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 17 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 20 randomly randomly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 21 lying lie VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 22 CNTs cnt NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 23 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 25 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 26 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 27 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 28 assist assist VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 29 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 30 easy easy JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 31 peel peel VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 32 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 33 off off NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 34 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 35 depressing depress VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 36 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 37 reproducibility reproducibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 38 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 39 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 442 40 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 443 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 443 2 200 200 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 443 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 2 many many JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 3 methodologies methodology NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 4 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 5 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 6 multi multi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 7 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 8 functionalization functionalization JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 10 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 11 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 12 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 13 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 14 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 15 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 16 implemented implement VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 17 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 18 make make VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 19 CNTs cnt NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 20 processable processable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 22 minimize minimize VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 24 agglomeration agglomeration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 444 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 2 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 3 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 4 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 5 reported report VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 6 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 7 wrapping wrap VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 8 CNTs cnt NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 9 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 10 conjugated conjugated JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 11 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 12 render render VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 13 them -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 14 processable processable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 445 15 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 1 Briefly briefly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 3 CNTs cnt NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 4 exhibit exhibit VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 5 π π NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 6 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 7 conjugated conjugate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 8 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 9 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 10 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 11 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 12 highly highly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 13 hydrophobic hydrophobic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 14 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 15 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 16 allows allow VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 18 interaction interaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 19 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 21 aromatic aromatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 22 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 23 via via IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 24 π π NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 25 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 26 π π NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 27 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 28 hydrophobic hydrophobic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 29 interactions interaction NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 30 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 31 form form VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 32 new new JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 33 structures structure NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 34 known know VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 35 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 36 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 37 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 38 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 39 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 40 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 41 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 42 biosensing biosense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 446 43 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 447 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 447 2 201 201 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 447 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 447 4 202 202 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 447 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 447 6 Macromol Macromol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 447 7 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 448 1 Chem Chem NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 448 2 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 449 1 Phys Phys NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 449 2 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 450 1 2019 2019 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 450 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 450 3 220 220 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 450 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 450 5 1800561 1800561 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 450 6 Figure figure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 450 7 14 14 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 450 8 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 451 1 Illustration illustration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 451 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 451 3 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 451 4 immunoassay immunoassay JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 451 5 protocol protocol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 451 6 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 1 Polyaniline Polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 2 AuNP aunp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 3 Uric uric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 4 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 5 epinephrine epinephrine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 6 4.0 4.0 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 7 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 8 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 9 −7 −7 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 10 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 11 6 6 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 12 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 13 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 452 14 −5 −5 NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 453 1 mol mol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 453 2 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 453 3 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 453 4 4.0 4.0 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 453 5 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 453 6 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 453 7 −7 −7 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 453 8 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 453 9 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 453 10 × × CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 453 11 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 453 12 −5 −5 NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 1 mol mol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 2 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 3 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 4 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 5 × × NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 6 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 7 −7 −7 NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 8 mol mol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 9 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 10 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 11 8 8 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 12 × × NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 13 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 14 −8 −8 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 15 mol mol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 454 16 L l NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 455 1 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 455 2 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 455 3 188 188 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 455 4 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 456 1 Polypyrrole Polypyrrole NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 456 2 Hydrogel Hydrogel NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 456 3 AuNP AuNP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 456 4 Carcinoembryonic Carcinoembryonic NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 456 5 antigen antigen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 456 6 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 456 7 fg fg NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 456 8 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 456 9 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 456 10 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 456 11 200 200 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 456 12 ng ng NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 456 13 mL ml NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 457 1 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 457 2 0.16 0.16 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 457 3 fg fg NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 457 4 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 457 5 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 457 6 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 457 7 192 192 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 457 8 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 458 1 Polypyrrole Polypyrrole NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 458 2 Luminol Luminol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 459 1 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 459 2 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 459 3 AuNP aunp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 459 4 Carcinoembryonic Carcinoembryonic NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 459 5 antigen antigen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 459 6 0.01 0.01 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 459 7 pg pg NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 459 8 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 459 9 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 459 10 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 459 11 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 459 12 ng ng NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 459 13 mL ml NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 460 1 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 460 2 3 3 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 460 3 fg fg NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 460 4 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 460 5 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 460 6 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 460 7 193 193 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 460 8 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 460 9 Abbreviations abbreviation NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 460 10 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 1 Gold gold NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 2 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 4 AuNP AuNP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 7 deoxyribonucleic deoxyribonucleic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 8 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 10 DNA DNA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 13 single single RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 14 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 15 stranded strand VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 16 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 18 ssDNA ssdna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 21 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 22 coli coli NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 24 E. E. NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 25 coli coli NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 27 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 28 toluidine toluidine NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 29 blue blue NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 31 TB TB NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 461 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 1 One one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 4 common common JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 5 fields field NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 7 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 8 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 9 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 10 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 11 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 13 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 14 level level NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 15 monitoring monitoring NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 16 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 17 diagnosing diagnose VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 18 diabetes diabete NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 20 203 203 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 22 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 23 Kang Kang NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 24 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 25 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 27 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 28 chitosan chitosan NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 29 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 30 coupled couple VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 31 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 32 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 33 polyaniline polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 34 composite composite NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 35 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 36 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 37 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 38 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 39 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 462 40 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 1 Polyaniline Polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 2 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 3 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 4 prepared prepare VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 5 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 6 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 7 graft graft NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 8 polymerization polymerization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 9 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 10 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 11 chitosan chitosan NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 12 coupled couple VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 13 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 14 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 15 covalently covalently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 16 anchored anchor VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 17 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 18 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 19 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 20 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 21 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 22 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 24 glutaraldehyde glutaraldehyde NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 25 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 26 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 27 bi bi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 28 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 29 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 30 linker linker NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 463 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 1 Pendant pendant NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 2 hydroxyl hydroxyl NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 3 groups group NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 5 chitosan chitosan NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 6 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 7 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 9 covalently covalently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 10 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 11 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 12 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 13 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 14 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 15 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 16 bifunctional bifunctional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 17 linker linker NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 464 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 2 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 3 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 4 able able JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 5 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 6 provide provide VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 7 biocompatible biocompatible JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 8 environment environment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 9 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 10 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 12 3D 3D NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 13 network network NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 14 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 17 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 18 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 19 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 20 enhanced enhance VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 21 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 22 biocatalytic biocatalytic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 23 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 25 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 26 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 465 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 466 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 466 2 204 204 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 466 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 1 Basu Basu NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 4 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 5 developed develop VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 6 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 7 novel novel JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 8 bi bi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 9 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 10 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 12 horseradish horseradish NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 13 peroxidase peroxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 14 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 15 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 16 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 18 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 19 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 20 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 21 utilizing utilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 22 polypyrrole polypyrrole NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 24 carboxy carboxy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 25 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 26 multi multi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 27 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 28 walled walled JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 29 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 30 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 31 form form VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 32 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 33 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 34 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 35 observed observe VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 36 superior superior JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 37 performance performance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 38 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 39 respect respect NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 40 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 41 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 42 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 43 longer long JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 44 shelf shelf NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 45 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 46 life life NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 47 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 48 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 49 linearity linearity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 50 compared compare VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 51 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 52 single single JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 53 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 54 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 467 55 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 4 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 5 performances performance NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 8 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 9 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 10 attributed attribute VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 11 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 13 presence presence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 15 horseradish horseradish NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 16 peroxidase peroxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 17 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 18 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 19 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 20 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 21 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 22 enhances enhance VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 23 overall overall JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 24 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 25 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 468 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 469 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 469 2 205 205 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 469 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 2 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 3 observed observe VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 4 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 6 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 9 bi bi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 10 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 11 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 12 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 13 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 14 three three CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 15 times time NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 16 as as RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 17 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 18 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 19 mono mono NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 20 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 21 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 470 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 1 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 2 comparison comparison NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 4 mono mono NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 5 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 6 bi bi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 7 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 8 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 9 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 10 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 11 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 12 shown show VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 13 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 14 Table Table NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 15 3 3 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 471 16 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 472 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 472 2 205 205 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 472 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 473 1 Lihua Lihua NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 473 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 473 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 473 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 474 1 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 474 2 poly(o poly(o NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 474 3 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 474 4 aminophenol)-CNT aminophenol)-cnt NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 474 5 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 474 6 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 474 7 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 474 8 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 474 9 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 474 10 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 474 11 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 474 12 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 2 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 3 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 4 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 5 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 6 copolymerization copolymerization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 8 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 9 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 11 o o NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 12 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 13 aminophenol aminophenol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 16 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 17 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 19 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 21 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 22 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 23 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 24 weakly weakly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 25 acidic acidic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 26 medium medium NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 475 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 2 equated equate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 4 two two CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 5 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 6 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 7 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 8 without without IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 9 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 10 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 11 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 12 found find VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 13 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 14 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 15 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 16 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 17 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 18 twice twice RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 19 higher high JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 20 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 22 1.5 1.5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 23 times time NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 24 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 25 current current NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 27 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 28 twice twice RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 29 lower low JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 30 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 31 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 32 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 33 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 34 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 35 fast fast JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 36 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 37 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 38 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 39 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 40 anti anti JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 41 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 42 interferent interferent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 43 ability ability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 44 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 45 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 46 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 47 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 48 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 49 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 50 reproducibility reproducibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 476 51 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 2 206 206 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 4 Hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 5 peroxide peroxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 7 H h NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 8 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 9 O o NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 10 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 12 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 14 product product NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 15 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 16 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 17 formed form VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 18 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 20 course course NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 23 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 24 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 25 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 26 biosensing biosense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 27 so so RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 28 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 29 Xia Xia NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 30 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 31 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 477 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 1 initially initially RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 2 studied study VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 4 biosensing biosensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 6 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 7 peroxide peroxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 8 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 9 utilizing utilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 10 polyvinylpyridine polyvinylpyridine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 11 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 12 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 13 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 14 Prussian prussian JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 15 blue blue NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 16 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 17 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 18 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 19 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 20 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 21 synergy synergy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 24 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 25 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 26 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 27 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 28 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 29 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 30 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 31 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 32 25 25 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 33 nm nm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 478 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 479 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 479 2 97 97 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 479 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 2 extended extend VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 3 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 4 strategy strategy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 5 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 7 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 9 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 10 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 11 recognizing recognize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 13 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 14 peroxide peroxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 15 formed form VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 16 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 18 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 19 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 20 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 21 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 23 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 24 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 25 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 480 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 1 Another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 2 researcher researcher NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 3 utilized utilize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 4 cytochrome cytochrome NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 5 c c NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 6 - - : cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 7 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 8 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 9 polyaniline polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 10 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 11 carboxylated carboxylate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 12 MWCNT MWCNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 13 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 14 detecting detect VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 15 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 16 peroxide peroxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 17 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 18 trace trace NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 19 level level NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 481 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 482 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 482 2 207 207 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 482 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 2 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 3 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 4 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 5 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 6 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 7 H h NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 8 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 9 O o NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 10 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 12 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 13 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 14 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 15 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 17 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 19 0.2 0.2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 20 µmol µmol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 21 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 22 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 483 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 1 Usually usually RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 3 kidney kidney NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 4 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 5 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 6 caused cause VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 7 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 8 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 9 increased increase VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 10 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 12 urea urea NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 13 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 14 blood blood NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 16 decrease decrease NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 17 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 19 level level NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 21 urine urine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 484 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 3 urea urea NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 4 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 5 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 6 blood blood NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 7 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 8 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 10 great great JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 11 interest interest NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 12 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 14 medical medical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 15 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 485 16 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 1 So so RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 3 Hassan Hassan NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 4 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 6 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 7 developed develop VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 9 unique unique JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 10 technique technique NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 12 continuous continuous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 13 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 14 direct direct JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 15 monitoring monitoring NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 17 urea urea NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 18 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 19 blood blood NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 20 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 21 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 23 utilized utilize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 486 24 poly poly NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 2 o o UH cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 3 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 4 toluidine)/ toluidine)/ NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 5 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 6 nanocomposite nanocomposite NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 7 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 8 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 9 urease urease NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 10 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 11 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 13 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 14 film film NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 487 15 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 488 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 488 2 208 208 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 488 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 2 working work VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 3 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 4 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 5 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 6 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 7 electropolymerization electropolymerization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 9 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 10 situ situ NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 11 preparation preparation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 12 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 14 latter latter JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 15 displayed display VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 16 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 17 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 18 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 19 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 20 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 21 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 22 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 24 0.03 0.03 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 25 mm mm NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 26 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 27 urea urea NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 28 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 29 blood blood NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 30 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 489 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 1 Shim Shim NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 4 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 5 developed develop VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 6 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 7 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 8 l l NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 9 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 10 lactate lactate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 11 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 12 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 14 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 15 necessary necessary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 16 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 17 sustain sustain VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 19 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 21 l l NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 22 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 23 lactate lactate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 24 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 25 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 26 blood blood NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 27 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 28 otherwise otherwise RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 29 may may MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 30 cause cause VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 31 clinical clinical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 32 disorders disorder NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 33 like like IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 34 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 35 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 36 acute acute JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 37 heart heart NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 38 disease disease NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 490 39 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 2 209 209 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 4 210 210 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 6 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 7 fabricated fabricate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 9 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 10 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 11 functionalized functionalize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 12 carboxylic carboxylic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 13 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 14 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 15 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 16 polythiophene polythiophene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 18 multi multi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 19 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 20 walled walled JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 21 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 22 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 23 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 24 lactate lactate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 25 dehydrogenase dehydrogenase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 26 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 27 nicotinamide nicotinamide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 28 adenine adenine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 29 dinucleotide dinucleotide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 31 NAD NAD NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 33 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 34 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 35 subsequently subsequently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 491 36 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 1 Immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 2 occurred occur VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 3 among among IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 5 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 6 group group NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 8 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 10 amine amine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 11 group group NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 13 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 14 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 15 covalent covalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 16 bond bond NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 17 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 492 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 493 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 493 2 211 211 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 493 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 2 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 3 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 4 provided provide VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 5 enormous enormous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 6 active active JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 7 sites site NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 9 displayed display VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 10 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 11 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 12 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 14 5 5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 15 - - SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 16 90 90 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 17 µm µm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 19 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 20 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 21 around around IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 22 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 23 µm µm CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 25 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 26 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 27 successfully successfully RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 28 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 29 milk milk NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 30 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 31 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 32 serum serum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 33 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 494 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 1 Another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 2 researcher researcher NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 3 synthesized synthesize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 5 same same JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 6 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 7 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 8 poly(3-methylthiophene)/MWCNT poly(3-methylthiophene)/mwcnt ADD cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 9 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 10 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 11 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 12 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 13 lactate lactate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 14 dehydrogenase dehydrogenase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 15 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 16 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 495 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 1 Under under IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 2 optimized optimize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 3 conditions condition NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 6 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 7 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 8 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 9 over over IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 10 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 11 × × CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 12 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 13 −6 −6 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 14 m m NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 15 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 16 5 5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 17 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 18 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 19 −4 −4 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 20 m m CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 21 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 22 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 23 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 24 5.6 5.6 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 25 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 26 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 27 −7 −7 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 28 m m NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 29 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 30 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 496 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 2 212 212 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 4 Estimation estimation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 6 cholesterol cholesterol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 7 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 8 triglyceride triglyceride NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 9 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 10 blood blood NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 11 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 12 extremely extremely RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 13 important important JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 14 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 15 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 16 excess excess JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 17 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 18 may may MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 19 cause cause VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 20 hyperlipidemia hyperlipidemia NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 497 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 498 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 498 2 213 213 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 498 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 1 So so RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 3 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 4 nanocomposite nanocomposite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 5 consisting consist VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 7 polyaniline polyaniline NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 9 single single JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 10 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 11 walled walled JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 12 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 13 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 14 fabricated fabricate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 15 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 16 Malhotra Malhotra NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 17 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 18 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 499 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 1 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 2 co co JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 3 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 4 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 5 lipase lipase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 6 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 7 glycerol glycerol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 8 dehydrogenase dehydrogenase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 10 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 11 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 13 triglyceride triglyceride NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 14 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 15 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 16 explored explore VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 500 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 1 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 2 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 3 storage storage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 4 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 6 13 13 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 7 weeks week NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 8 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 9 observed observe VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 10 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 11 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 12 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 13 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 14 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 16 12 12 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 17 s. s. NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 19 214 214 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 501 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 2 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 3 other other JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 4 work work NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 6 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 7 fabricated fabricate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 8 nanocomposite nanocomposite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 9 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 10 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 11 cholesterol cholesterol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 12 biosensing biosensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 13 comprised comprise VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 15 polypyrrole polypyrrole NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 16 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 17 carboxy carboxy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 18 functionalized functionalize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 19 MWCNT MWCNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 502 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 1 Cholesterol cholesterol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 2 esterase esterase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 3 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 4 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 5 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 6 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 7 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 9 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 10 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 13 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 15 total total JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 16 cholesterol cholesterol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 17 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 18 most most JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 21 research research NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 22 work work NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 23 comprises comprise VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 25 detecting detect VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 26 30 30 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 27 % % NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 28 free free JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 29 cholesterol cholesterol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 503 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 504 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 504 2 215 215 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 504 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 2 proposed propose VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 3 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 4 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 5 short short JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 6 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 7 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 9 9 9 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 10 s s NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 12 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 13 0.04 0.04 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 14 mm mm NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 15 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 16 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 18 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 20 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 505 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 2 another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 3 work work NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 5 polypyrrole polypyrrole NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 6 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 7 carboxylic carboxylic RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 8 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 9 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 10 MWCNT MWCNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 11 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 12 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 13 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 14 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 15 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 17 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 19 DNA DNA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 506 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 1 Such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 2 COOH COOH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 3 modification modification NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 5 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 6 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 7 necessary necessary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 9 providing provide VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 11 linkage linkage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 12 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 14 amino amino NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 15 group group NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 17 ssDNA ssdna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 20 COOH COOH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 22 group group NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 24 MWCNT MWCNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 25 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 26 assists assist VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 27 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 28 covalent covalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 29 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 507 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 1 Due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 2 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 4 synergetic synergetic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 5 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 7 both both CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 9 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 10 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 11 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 12 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 13 improved improve VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 14 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 16 complementary complementary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 17 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 18 sequence sequence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 20 5.0 5.0 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 21 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 22 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 23 −12 −12 NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 24 mol mol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 25 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 26 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 27 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 28 detected detect VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 29 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 30 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 31 proposed propose VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 32 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 508 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 2 200 200 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 4 Gonorrhea gonorrhea NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 5 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 6 another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 7 disease disease NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 8 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 9 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 10 transmitted transmit VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 11 sexually sexually RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 12 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 13 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 14 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 15 identified identify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 16 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 17 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 18 co co NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 19 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 20 factor factor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 21 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 22 HIV HIV NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 509 23 transmission transmission NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 1 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 3 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 4 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 5 important important JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 6 purpose purpose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 7 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 8 timely timely JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 10 accurate accurate JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 11 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 13 gonorrhea gonorrhea NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 510 14 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 511 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 511 2 Adapted adapt VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 511 3 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 511 4 permission permission NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 511 5 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 512 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 512 2 205 205 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 512 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 512 4 Copyright copyright NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 512 5 2012 2012 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 512 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 512 7 John John NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 512 8 Wiley Wiley NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 512 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 512 10 Sons Sons NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 512 11 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 2 NG NG NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 4 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 5 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 6 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 7 bio bio NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 8 probe probe NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 9 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 10 glutaraldehyde glutaraldehyde VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 11 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 12 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 13 cross cross NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 14 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 15 linker linker NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 513 16 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 2 bioelectrode bioelectrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 3 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 4 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 5 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 6 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 8 60 60 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 9 s s NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 10 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 11 75 75 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 12 days day NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 13 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 14 under under IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 15 refrigerated refrigerated JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 16 conditions condition NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 17 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 18 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 19 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 21 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 22 1.2 1.2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 23 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 24 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 25 −17 −17 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 26 m m NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 27 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 28 displayed display VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 29 negative negative JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 30 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 31 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 32 non non JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 33 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 34 NG ng JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 35 species specie NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 36 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 37 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 38 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 39 gram gram VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 40 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 41 negative negative JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 42 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 514 43 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 2 217 217 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 4 Shim Shim NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 5 et et FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 7 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 8 established establish VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 9 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 10 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 11 immunosensor immunosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 12 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 13 detecting detect VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 14 Immunoglobulin Immunoglobulin NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 15 G G NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 17 IgG IgG NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 19 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 20 covalent covalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 21 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 23 anti anti JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 24 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 25 IgG igg NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 26 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 27 MWCNT MWCNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 28 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 29 embedded embed VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 30 carboxylic carboxylic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 31 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 32 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 33 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 34 polyterthiophene polyterthiophene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 35 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 515 36 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 2 applied apply VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 3 another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 4 hydrazine hydrazine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 5 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 6 labeled label VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 7 secondary secondary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 8 antibody antibody NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 9 conjugate conjugate JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 10 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 12 purpose purpose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 14 reducing reduce VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 15 H h NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 16 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 17 O o NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 18 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 516 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 2 proposed propose VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 3 immunosensor immunosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 4 presented present VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 5 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 6 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 7 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 9 0.1 0.1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 10 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 11 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 12 ng ng NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 13 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 14 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 16 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 17 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 18 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 20 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 22 0.084 0.084 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 23 ± ± CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 24 0.004 0.004 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 25 ng ng NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 26 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 27 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 29 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 30 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 31 applied apply VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 32 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 33 evaluation evaluation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 34 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 35 rabbit rabbit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 36 serum serum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 37 sample sample NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 517 38 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 2 218 218 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 4 Characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 6 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 7 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 8 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 9 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 10 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 11 nanotube nanotube NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 12 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 13 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 14 outlined outline VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 15 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 16 Table Table NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 17 4 4 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 518 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 1 Graphene Graphene NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 3 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 6 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 7 2D 2d NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 8 honeycomb honeycomb NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 9 lattice lattice NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 10 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 11 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 12 atomic atomic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 13 thickness thickness NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 15 sp sp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 16 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 17 bonded bond VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 18 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 19 atom atom NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 21 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 22 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 23 monolayer monolayer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 25 graphite graphite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 26 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 27 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 28 sought seek VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 29 considerable considerable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 30 attention attention NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 31 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 32 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 33 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 34 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 35 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 36 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 37 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 38 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 39 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 40 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 41 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 42 thermal thermal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 43 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 44 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 45 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 46 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 47 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 48 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 519 49 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 2 220 220 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 4 221 221 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 6 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 7 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 8 caters cater VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 9 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 10 multitudinous multitudinous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 11 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 12 including include VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 13 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 14 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 16 thermal thermal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 17 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 19 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 20 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 21 strength strength NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 23 large large JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 24 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 25 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 26 area area NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 27 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 28 tunable tunable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 29 band band NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 30 gap gap NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 31 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 32 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 33 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 34 mobility mobility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 35 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 36 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 37 room room NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 38 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 39 temperature temperature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 40 hall hall NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 41 effect effect NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 520 42 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 521 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 521 2 221 221 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 521 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 521 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 521 5 222 222 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 521 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 521 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 521 8 223 223 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 521 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 1 Principally principally RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 4 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 6 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 7 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 8 performance performance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 9 benefits benefit NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 10 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 11 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 12 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 13 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 14 mobility mobility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 16 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 17 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 18 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 19 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 20 volume volume NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 21 ratio ratio NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 22 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 23 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 24 elucidated elucidate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 25 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 26 immensely immensely RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 27 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 28 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 29 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 522 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 523 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 523 2 224 224 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 523 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 2 conjugated conjugated JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 3 π π NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 4 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 5 electrons electron NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 6 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 7 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 8 sheets sheet NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 9 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 10 delocalized delocalize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 11 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 12 provides provide VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 13 ballistic ballistic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 14 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 15 transport transport NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 16 throughout throughout IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 18 sheet sheet NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 19 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 20 trifling trifling JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 21 optical optical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 22 absorption absorption NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 24 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 25 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 26 these these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 27 exceptional exceptional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 28 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 29 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 30 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 31 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 32 sought seek VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 33 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 34 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 35 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 36 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 37 aerospace aerospace NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 38 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 39 solar solar JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 40 cells cell NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 41 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 42 supercapacitors supercapacitor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 43 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 44 sensors sensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 45 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 46 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 47 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 524 48 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 525 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 525 2 225 225 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 525 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 525 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 525 5 226 226 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 525 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 526 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 526 2 227 227 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 526 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 1 Unlike unlike IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 3 tubular tubular JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 4 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 6 CNTs cnt NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 8 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 9 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 11 2D 2d JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 12 sheet sheet NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 13 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 14 open open JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 15 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 16 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 17 both both CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 19 sides side NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 21 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 22 sheets sheet NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 23 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 24 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 25 employed employ VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 26 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 27 supporting support VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 28 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 527 29 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 528 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 528 2 228 228 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 528 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 1 However however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 4 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 5 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 6 found find VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 7 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 9 2D 2D NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 10 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 11 layers layer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 13 owing owe VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 14 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 16 intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 17 van van NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 18 der der NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 19 Walls Walls NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 20 interactions interaction NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 22 results result NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 23 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 24 restacking restacke VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 25 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 26 form form VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 27 graphite graphite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 28 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 29 cause cause VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 30 irreversible irreversible JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 31 agglomeration agglomeration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 529 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 3 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 4 drawback drawback NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 5 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 6 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 7 overcome overcome VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 8 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 10 addition addition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 12 other other JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 13 macromolecule macromolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 14 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 15 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 17 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 19 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 530 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 531 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 531 2 229 229 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 531 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 531 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 531 5 230 230 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 531 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 531 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 531 8 231 231 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 531 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 531 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 531 11 232 232 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 531 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 1 Unique unique JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 2 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 4 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 5 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 6 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 7 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 8 coalition coalition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 9 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 10 attracted attract VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 12 interest interest NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 14 researchers researcher NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 15 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 16 recent recent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 17 times time NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 18 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 19 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 20 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 23 creation creation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 25 new new JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 26 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 27 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 28 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 29 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 30 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 31 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 32 next next JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 33 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 34 generation generation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 35 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 36 devices device NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 532 37 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 2 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 3 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 4 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 5 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 6 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 7 provides provide VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 8 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 9 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 10 loading loading NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 11 platform platform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 12 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 13 amplify amplify VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 14 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 15 harness harness VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 17 adsorption adsorption NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 19 redox redox JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 20 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 22 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 23 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 24 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 25 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 26 transport transport NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 27 behavior behavior NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 29 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 30 system system NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 533 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 1 ICPs ICPs NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 2 act act VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 3 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 4 conducting conduct VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 5 conduits conduit NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 6 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 7 interact interact VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 8 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 9 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 10 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 11 analytes analyte NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 12 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 13 enhance enhance VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 14 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 16 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 18 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 19 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 21 lower low JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 22 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 23 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 24 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 25 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 26 ultimately ultimately RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 27 give give VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 28 rise rise NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 29 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 30 extraordinary extraordinary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 31 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 32 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 33 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 34 grafted graft VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 35 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 36 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 37 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 38 alters alter VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 39 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 40 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 41 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 42 plane plane NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 43 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 44 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 45 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 46 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 534 47 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 535 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 535 2 233 233 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 535 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 535 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 535 5 234 234 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 535 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 2 235 235 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 4 As as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 5 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 6 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 7 sheets sheet NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 8 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 9 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 10 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 11 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 12 poor poor JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 13 adhesion adhesion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 14 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 15 them -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 17 numerous numerous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 18 approaches approach NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 19 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 20 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 21 developed develop VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 22 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 23 boost boost VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 25 adhesion adhesion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 26 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 27 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 28 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 29 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 30 modifying modify VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 31 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 32 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 536 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 1 Also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 3 there there EX cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 4 exists exist VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 5 chemical chemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 6 inertness inertness NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 8 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 9 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 10 makes make VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 12 challenging challenging JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 13 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 14 attain attain VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 15 multi multi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 16 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 17 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 19 altered altered JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 20 hybrid hybrid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 21 nanomaterials nanomaterial NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 537 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 2 chemically chemically RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 3 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 4 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 5 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 6 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 7 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 8 oxide oxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 10 GO go VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 12 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 13 reduced reduce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 14 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 15 oxide oxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 17 rGO rgo NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 19 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 20 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 21 developed develop VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 22 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 23 multi multi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 24 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 25 functionalization functionalization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 538 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 1 For for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 2 instance instance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 4 covalent covalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 5 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 8 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 10 defective defective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 11 plane plane NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 13 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 14 rich rich JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 15 edge edge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 16 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 17 sites site NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 18 contribute contribute VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 19 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 21 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 23 target target NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 24 analyte analyte NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 539 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 2 236 236 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 4 237 237 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 6 Various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 7 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 9 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 10 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 11 chemically chemically RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 12 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 13 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 14 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 16 applications application NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 17 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 18 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 19 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 20 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 21 shown show VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 22 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 23 Figure Figure NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 24 15 15 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 540 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 541 1 Macromol Macromol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 541 2 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 542 1 Chem Chem NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 542 2 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 543 1 Phys Phys NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 543 2 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 544 1 2019 2019 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 544 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 544 3 220 220 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 545 1 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 545 2 1800561 1800561 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 545 3 Polyaniline Polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 545 4 cMWCNT cmwcnt NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 545 5 H2O2 H2O2 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 546 1 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 546 2 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 546 3 600 600 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 546 4 µmol µmol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 546 5 L l NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 1 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 2 0.2 0.2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 3 µmol µmol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 4 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 5 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 6 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 7 207 207 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 8 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 9 Poly Poly NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 10 www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advancedsciencenews.com NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 11 www.mcp www.mcp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 12 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 13 journal journal NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 547 14 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 548 1 de de NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 548 2 Ho Ho NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 548 3 et et FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 548 4 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 548 5 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 1 prepared prepare VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 2 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 3 novel novel NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 4 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 5 containing contain VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 6 reduced reduce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 7 GO GO NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 8 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 9 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 10 nanotubes nanotube NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 12 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 13 biosensing biosensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 15 hydrazine hydrazine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 16 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 17 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 18 peroxide peroxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 19 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 21 observed observe VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 22 noticeable noticeable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 23 improvement improvement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 24 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 25 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 26 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 27 compared compare VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 28 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 29 pristine pristine JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 30 PEDOT pedot NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 31 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 32 rGO rgo NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 33 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 549 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 2 proposed propose VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 3 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 4 manifested manifest VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 5 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 6 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 7 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 8 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 9 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 10 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 12 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 14 2.2 2.2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 15 µm µm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 16 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 17 hydrazine hydrazine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 19 3.2 3.2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 20 µm µm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 21 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 22 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 23 peroxide peroxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 550 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 551 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 551 2 238 238 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 551 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 1 Another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 2 researcher researcher NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 4 Wei Wei NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 5 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 7 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 8 depicted depict VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 9 large large JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 10 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 11 scale scale NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 12 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 13 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 14 step step NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 15 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 16 synthesis synthesis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 18 layered layered JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 19 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 20 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 21 polyaniline polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 22 composite composite NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 23 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 25 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 27 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 28 peroxide peroxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 29 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 30 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 31 reduction reduction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 32 process process NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 552 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 1 Horseradish horseradish NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 2 peroxidase peroxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 3 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 4 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 5 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 6 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 7 prepared prepared JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 8 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 9 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 11 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 12 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 13 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 14 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 15 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 16 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 18 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 19 0.8 0.8 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 20 × × CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 21 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 22 −7 −7 NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 23 m. m. NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 25 239 239 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 27 Pilan Pilan NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 28 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 29 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 553 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 1 presented present VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 2 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 3 efficient efficient JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 4 path path NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 5 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 7 advancement advancement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 9 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 10 biosensing biosense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 11 platform platform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 12 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 13 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 14 sulfonated sulfonated JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 15 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 16 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 17 polypyrrole polypyrrole NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 18 nanocomposite nanocomposite NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 19 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 21 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 23 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 554 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 2 nanocomposite nanocomposite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 3 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 4 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 5 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 6 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 7 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 8 carboxyphenyl carboxyphenyl JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 9 groups group NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 10 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 11 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 12 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 13 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 555 14 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 2 proposed propose VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 3 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 4 enabled enable VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 5 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 6 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 7 toward toward IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 8 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 9 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 11 existence existence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 14 interferents interferent NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 16 paracetamol paracetamol JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 18 uric uric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 19 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 21 ascorbic ascorbic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 22 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 24 cysteine cysteine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 26 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 27 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 28 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 29 permselective permselective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 30 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 31 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 32 grafted graft VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 33 carboxyphenyl carboxyphenyl NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 34 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 35 overoxidized overoxidize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 36 polypyrrole polypyrrole NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 37 layer layer NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 38 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 39 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 40 eliminated eliminate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 41 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 42 need need NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 43 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 44 additional additional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 45 membranes membrane NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 46 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 47 simplified simplify VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 48 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 49 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 50 fabrication fabrication NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 556 51 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 557 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 557 2 240 240 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 557 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 557 4 Hanongbua Hanongbua NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 557 5 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 557 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 557 7 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 1 constructed construct VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 2 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 3 MIP MIP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 4 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 5 co co NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 6 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 7 electropolymerization electropolymerization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 9 o o NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 10 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 11 phenylenediamine phenylenediamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 12 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 13 aminophenyl aminophenyl NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 14 boronic boronic NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 15 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 558 16 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 559 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 559 2 MIP MIP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 559 3 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 559 4 constructed construct VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 559 5 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 559 6 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 559 7 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 559 8 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 559 9 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 559 10 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 560 1 PSS PSS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 560 2 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 560 3 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 560 4 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 560 5 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 560 6 determining determine VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 560 7 salbutamol salbutamol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 560 8 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 2 aim aim NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 5 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 7 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 9 here here RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 11 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 12 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 13 boost boost VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 15 current current JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 16 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 17 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 18 improve improve VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 20 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 23 current current NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 24 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 25 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 26 exceptional exceptional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 27 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 28 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 30 100 100 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 31 pm pm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 32 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 33 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 34 wide wide JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 35 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 36 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 37 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 38 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 39 nm-1.2 nm-1.2 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 40 µm µm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 561 41 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 562 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 562 2 241 241 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 562 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 2 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 3 displayed display VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 4 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 5 reusability reusability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 7 at at RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 8 least least JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 9 ten ten CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 10 repetitive repetitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 11 measurements measurement NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 12 without without IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 13 any any DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 14 substantial substantial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 15 loss loss NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 17 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 18 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 19 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 20 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 21 revealed reveal VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 22 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 23 recovery recovery NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 24 results result NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 25 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 26 tangible tangible JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 27 sample sample NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 28 analysis analysis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 30 real real JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 31 swine swine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 32 meat meat NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 34 without without IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 35 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 36 need need NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 37 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 38 pretreatment pretreatment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 39 steps step NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 563 40 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 1 Levofloxacin Levofloxacin NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 2 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 3 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 4 antibiotic antibiotic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 5 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 6 belongs belong VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 7 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 9 quinolone quinolone NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 10 group group NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 11 antibiotic antibiotic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 12 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 13 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 15 treatment treatment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 17 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 18 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 19 infections infection NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 564 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 1 However however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 3 rampant rampant JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 4 frequent frequent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 5 consumption consumption NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 7 levofloxacin levofloxacin NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 8 leads lead VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 9 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 10 diseases disease NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 11 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 12 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 13 tendon tendon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 14 injury injury NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 16 heart heart NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 17 disease disease NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 19 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 20 muscle muscle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 21 wasting wasting NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 565 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 566 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 566 2 242 242 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 566 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 1 So so RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 3 Feng Feng NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 4 et et FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 6 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 7 cultivated cultivate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 9 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 10 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 11 selective selective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 12 levofloxacin levofloxacin NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 13 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 14 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 16 aid aid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 18 novel novel NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 19 poly(sulfanilic poly(sulfanilic IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 20 acid)-rGO acid)-rGO NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 21 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 22 film film NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 567 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 1 Based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 2 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 4 synergetic synergetic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 5 effect effect NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 8 proposed propose VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 9 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 10 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 11 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 12 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 13 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 14 electrocatalytic electrocatalytic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 15 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 17 broad broad JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 18 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 19 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 22 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 23 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 25 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 27 0.12 0.12 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 28 µm µm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 568 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 569 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 569 2 243 243 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 569 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 2 constructed construct VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 3 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 4 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 5 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 6 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 7 reproducibility reproducibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 9 reliability reliability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 10 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 11 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 12 successfully successfully RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 13 applied apply VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 15 real real JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 16 urine urine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 17 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 19 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 20 human human NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 21 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 23 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 25 levofloxacin levofloxacin NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 570 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 571 1 Shasheng Shasheng NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 571 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 571 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 571 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 1 validated validate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 2 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 3 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 4 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 5 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 6 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 7 oxidized oxidize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 8 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 10 polyaniline polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 11 nanowires nanowire NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 12 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 13 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 15 complementary complementary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 16 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 17 sequence sequence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 572 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 2 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 3 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 4 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 5 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 6 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 7 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 8 behavior behavior NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 9 toward toward IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 10 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 11 complementary complementary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 12 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 13 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 14 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 16 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 17 as as RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 18 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 19 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 20 3.25 3.25 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 21 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 22 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 23 −13 −13 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 24 mol mol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 25 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 26 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 27 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 28 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 29 storage storage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 30 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 573 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 574 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 574 2 244 244 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 574 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 575 1 Nasrabadi Nasrabadi NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 575 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 575 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 575 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 1 anticipated anticipate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 2 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 3 label label NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 4 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 5 free free JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 6 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 7 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 8 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 9 free free JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 10 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 11 immunosensor immunosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 12 constructed construct VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 13 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 14 poly poly NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 15 p p NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 16 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 17 phenylene phenylene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 18 diamine diamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 20 PPD PPD NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 23 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 24 nanocomposite nanocomposite NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 25 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 26 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 27 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 29 neuron neuron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 30 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 31 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 32 enolase enolase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 33 biomarker biomarker NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 34 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 35 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 36 serum serum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 576 37 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 577 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 577 2 245 245 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 577 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 2 proposed propose VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 3 non non JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 4 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 5 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 6 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 7 not not RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 8 only only RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 9 increased increase VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 11 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 13 but but CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 14 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 16 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 17 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 18 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 19 broad broad JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 20 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 21 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 23 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 25 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 26 as as RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 27 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 28 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 29 0.3 0.3 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 30 ng ng NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 31 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 32 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 33 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 34 biomarker biomarker NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 35 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 578 36 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 1 Dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 2 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 3 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 4 neurotransmitter neurotransmitter NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 5 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 6 causes cause VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 7 neurological neurological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 8 disorders disorder NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 9 if if IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 10 there there EX cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 11 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 12 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 13 present present JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 16 level level NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 18 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 579 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 2 246 246 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 4 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 5 significant significant JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 6 problem problem NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 7 faced face VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 8 while while IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 9 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 10 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 11 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 13 interference interference NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 14 caused cause VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 15 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 16 ascorbic ascorbic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 18 uric uric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 19 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 20 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 21 co co NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 22 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 23 exist exist VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 24 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 25 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 26 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 580 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 3 Jadranka Jadranka NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 4 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 6 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 7 fabricated fabricate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 9 highly highly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 10 selective selective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 11 PEDOT pedot NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 12 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 13 laser laser NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 14 scribed scribe VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 15 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 16 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 17 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 19 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 21 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 22 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 24 occurrence occurrence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 25 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 26 these these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 27 interfering interfere VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 28 compounds compound NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 581 29 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 2 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 3 produced produce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 4 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 5 direct direct JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 6 laser laser NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 7 scribing scribing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 8 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 9 sheets sheet NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 11 polyimide polyimide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 12 followed follow VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 13 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 14 electrodeposition electrodeposition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 16 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 17 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 18 3D 3d JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 19 porous porous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 20 morphology morphology NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 21 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 22 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 23 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 24 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 25 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 26 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 27 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 28 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 30 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 31 0.33 0.33 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 32 µm µm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 582 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 583 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 583 2 247 247 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 583 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 584 1 Luo Luo NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 584 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 584 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 584 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 585 1 fabricated fabricate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 585 2 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 1 /GO /GO NFP cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 2 nanocomposite nanocomposite NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 3 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 4 selectively selectively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 5 determining determine VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 6 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 7 free free JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 8 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 9 common common JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 10 interference interference NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 11 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 12 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 13 uric uric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 14 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 15 ascorbic ascorbic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 16 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 586 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 2 246 246 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 4 Electrodeposition Electrodeposition NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 6 nanocomposite nanocomposite NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 7 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 9 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 10 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 11 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 12 performed perform VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 14 followed follow VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 15 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 16 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 17 reduction reduction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 18 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 19 procure procure VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 20 reduced reduce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 21 nanocomposite nanocomposite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 22 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 23 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 24 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 25 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 26 displayed display VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 27 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 28 electrocatalytic electrocatalytic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 29 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 30 toward toward IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 31 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 32 oxidation oxidation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 587 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 588 1 Pereira Pereira NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 588 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 588 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 588 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 1 validated validate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 2 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 3 facile facile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 4 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 5 technique technique NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 6 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 7 recognizing recognize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 8 uric uric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 9 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 10 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 11 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 12 urine urine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 13 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 14 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 15 uricase uricase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 16 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 18 polypyrrole polypyrrole NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 19 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 20 uricase uricase NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 21 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 22 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 23 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 589 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 2 suggested suggest VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 3 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 4 presented present VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 5 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 6 reproducibility reproducibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 8 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 10 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 11 considerable considerable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 12 values value NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 15 wide wide JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 16 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 17 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 19 0.002 0.002 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 20 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 21 0.024 0.024 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 22 µmol µmol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 23 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 24 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 26 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 27 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 28 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 29 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 30 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 31 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 33 0.541 0.541 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 34 nmol nmol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 35 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 36 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 590 38 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 591 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 591 2 248 248 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 591 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 1 Weilu Weilu NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 4 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 5 reported report VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 7 usage usage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 9 MIP MIP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 10 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 11 reduced reduce VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 12 GO GO NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 13 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 14 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 16 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 17 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 19 tyrosine tyrosine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 20 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 21 uric uric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 22 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 592 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 2 MIP MIP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 3 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 4 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 5 electropolymerized electropolymerize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 6 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 7 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 8 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4thiadiazole 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4thiadiazole CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 9 monomer monomer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 10 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 12 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 13 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 14 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 15 rGO rgo NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 16 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 17 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 18 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 20 dual dual JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 21 template template NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 23 uric uric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 24 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 25 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 26 tyrosine tyrosine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 593 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 2 explained explain VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 4 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 5 mechanism mechanism NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 7 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 8 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 9 first first RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 11 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 13 target target NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 14 molecule molecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 16 thereafter thereafter RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 17 catalyzation catalyzation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 20 oxidation oxidation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 21 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 22 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 24 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 25 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 26 MIP MIP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 27 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 28 rGO rGO VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 29 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 30 evaluating evaluate VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 31 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 32 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 33 behavior behavior NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 34 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 35 tyrosine tyrosine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 36 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 37 uric uric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 38 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 594 39 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 2 249 249 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 4 Under under IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 5 optimal optimal JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 6 conditions condition NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 9 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 10 nanocomposite nanocomposite NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 11 exhibited exhibit VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 12 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 13 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 14 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 15 rate rate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 17 more more JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 18 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 19 binding bind VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 20 sites site NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 22 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 23 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 25 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 26 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 27 tyrosine tyrosine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 29 0.046 0.046 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 30 µm µm CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 32 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 33 uric uric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 34 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 36 0.0032 0.0032 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 37 µm µm CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 39 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 40 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 41 wide wide JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 42 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 43 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 595 44 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 1 l l NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 2 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 3 lysine lysine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 4 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 5 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 8 eight eight CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 9 crucial crucial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 10 amino amino NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 11 acids acid NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 12 required require VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 13 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 15 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 16 body body NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 18 however however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 19 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 21 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 23 most most RBS cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 24 endangered endanger VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 25 amino amino NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 26 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 27 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 28 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 29 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 30 damaged damage VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 31 easily easily RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 596 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 2 upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 3 storage storage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 5 food food NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 6 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 7 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 8 longer long JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 9 duration duration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 12 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 13 essential essential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 14 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 15 determine determine VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 17 nutritional nutritional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 18 value value NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 20 food food NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 597 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 1 So so RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 3 Esma Esma NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 4 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 6 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 7 synthesized synthesize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 8 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 9 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 10 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 12 determining determine VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 13 l l NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 14 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 15 lysine lysine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 16 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 17 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 18 l l NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 19 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 20 lysine lysine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 21 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 22 αoxidase αoxidase JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 24 LyOx LyOx NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 26 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 27 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 28 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 29 poly poly NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 31 vinyl vinyl NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 32 ferrocene ferrocene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 598 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 2 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 3 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 4 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 5 long long JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 6 term term NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 7 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 8 due due JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 9 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 11 suitable suitable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 12 microenvironment microenvironment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 13 provided provide VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 14 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 16 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 17 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 18 helps help VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 19 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 20 preserving preserve VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 21 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 22 bioactivity bioactivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 24 LyOx LyOx NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 599 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 600 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 600 2 250 250 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 600 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 2 presented present VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 3 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 4 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 5 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 6 analytical analytical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 7 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 8 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 9 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 10 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 11 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 13 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 14 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 16 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 18 2.3 2.3 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 19 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 20 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 21 −7 −7 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 22 m m NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 24 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 25 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 26 short short JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 27 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 28 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 30 < < NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 31 5 5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 32 s s NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 601 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 602 1 Wen Wen NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 602 2 et et FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 602 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 602 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 1 constructed construct VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 2 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 3 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 4 organophosphate organophosphate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 5 pesticide pesticide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 6 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 7 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 8 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 9 acetylcholinesterase acetylcholinesterase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 11 AChE ache NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 13 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 14 GR/ GR/ NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 15 polyaniline polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 16 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 603 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 2 251 251 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 4 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 5 obtained obtain VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 6 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 7 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 9 large large JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 10 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 11 area area NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 13 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 14 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 16 increase increase VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 17 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 18 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 19 loading loading NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 21 AChE ache NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 24 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 25 perfect perfect JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 26 encapsulated encapsulate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 27 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 28 layered layer VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 29 structures structure NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 30 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 31 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 32 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 33 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 34 20 20 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 35 ng ng NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 36 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 37 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 604 38 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 1 Characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 3 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 4 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 5 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 6 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 7 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 8 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 9 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 10 derivative derivative JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 11 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 12 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 13 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 14 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 15 presented present VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 16 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 17 Table Table NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 18 5 5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 605 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 1 Since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 3 nanomaterials nanomaterial NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 4 discussed discuss VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 5 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 6 having have VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 7 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 8 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 10 other other JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 11 bottlenecks bottleneck NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 12 either either CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 13 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 14 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 15 fabrication fabrication NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 16 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 17 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 19 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 21 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 23 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 24 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 25 necessary necessary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 26 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 27 fabricate fabricate VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 28 hybrid hybrid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 29 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 30 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 31 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 32 more more JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 33 than than IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 34 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 35 nanomaterial nanomaterial NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 606 36 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 1 So so RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 3 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 4 combinations combination NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 6 most most JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 9 existing exist VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 10 nanomaterials nanomaterial NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 11 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 12 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 13 tried try VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 16 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 17 most most JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 20 amalgamations amalgamation NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 21 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 22 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 23 CNTs cnt NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 25 GRbased grbased JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 26 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 607 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 608 1 Sheikhha Sheikhha NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 608 2 et et FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 608 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 608 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 1 described describe VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 3 synthesis synthesis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 5 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 6 www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advancedsciencenews.com NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 7 www.mcp-journal.de www.mcp-journal.de . cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 8 stable stable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 9 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 10 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 11 free free JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 12 poly poly NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 14 catechol)/GR catechol)/gr CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 15 sheets sheet NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 16 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 17 biosynthesized biosynthesize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 18 AuNP AuNP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 19 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 21 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 23 acute acute JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 24 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 25 leukemia leukemia NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 27 ALL all DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 29 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 30 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 31 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 32 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 33 measurement measurement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 34 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 35 100 100 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 36 µm µm CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 37 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 38 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 39 pm pm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 40 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 41 ultralow ultralow JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 42 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 43 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 44 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 45 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 46 pm pm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 609 47 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 2 255 255 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 4 Graphene Graphene NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 5 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 6 combination combination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 7 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 8 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 9 created create VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 11 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 12 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 13 superior superior JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 14 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 15 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 16 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 17 resulted result VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 18 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 19 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 20 selective selective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 22 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 23 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 25 AuNP aunp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 26 provided provide VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 27 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 28 affinity affinity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 29 toward toward IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 30 DNA dna NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 31 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 32 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 610 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 1 Mucin mucin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 2 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 3 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 4 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 5 type type NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 7 protein protein NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 8 biomarker biomarker NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 9 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 10 aids aid VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 13 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 15 breast breast NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 16 cancer cancer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 17 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 18 Prabhakar Prabhakar NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 19 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 20 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 611 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 1 produced produce VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 2 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 3 aptasensor aptasensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 4 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 5 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 6 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 7 GO GO NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 8 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 9 AuNP aunp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 10 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 13 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 15 mucin mucin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 16 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 612 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 2 aptasensor aptasensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 3 displayed display VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 4 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 5 reusability reusability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 7 eight eight CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 8 times time NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 11 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 13 14 14 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 14 days day NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 18 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 19 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 20 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 22 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 24 0.031 0.031 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 25 fm fm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 613 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 1 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 3 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 4 applied apply VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 5 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 6 spiked spiked JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 7 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 8 serum serum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 9 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 10 showing show VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 11 85 85 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 12 - - SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 13 93 93 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 14 % % NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 15 recovery recovery NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 614 16 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 2 256 256 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 4 Aflatoxins Aflatoxins NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 5 B1 b1 NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 7 AfB1 afb1 NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 9 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 10 another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 11 mycotoxin mycotoxin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 12 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 13 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 14 considered consider VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 15 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 16 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 615 17 hepatocarcinogenic hepatocarcinogenic NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 1 so so RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 2 Raju Raju NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 3 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 4 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 5 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 6 developed develop VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 7 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 8 biosensing biosense VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 9 platform platform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 11 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 12 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 13 GO GO NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 14 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 15 decorated decorate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 16 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 17 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 18 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 19 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 20 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 22 AfB1 afb1 PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 616 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 617 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 617 2 257 257 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 617 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 2 reason reason NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 3 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 5 decoration decoration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 7 AuNP aunp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 8 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 9 GO GO NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 10 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 11 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 12 augment augment VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 14 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 17 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 18 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 19 GO GO NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 20 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 21 known know VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 22 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 23 exhibit exhibit VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 24 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 25 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 26 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 27 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 28 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 30 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 31 poor poor JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 32 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 618 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 619 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 619 2 258 258 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 619 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 1 Also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 3 AuNP AuNP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 4 aids aids NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 5 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 6 better well JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 7 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 8 thereby thereby RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 9 providing provide VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 11 benign benign JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 12 microenvironment microenvironment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 13 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 14 retains retain VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 16 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 18 prevents prevent VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 19 them -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 20 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 21 leaching leach VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 620 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 2 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 3 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 4 / / , cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 5 GO/ go/ CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 6 AuNP aunp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 7 composite composite RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 8 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 9 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 10 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 11 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 12 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 13 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 14 within within IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 15 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 16 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 18 0.5 0.5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 19 - - SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 20 20 20 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 21 ng ng NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 22 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 23 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 621 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 1 Another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 2 group group NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 4 researchers researcher NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 5 synthesized synthesize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 6 immunosensor immunosensor NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 7 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 9 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 11 same same JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 12 mycotoxins mycotoxin NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 13 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 14 2,5-di-(2-thienyl)-1-pyrrole-1-(pbenzoic 2,5-di-(2-thienyl)-1-pyrrole-1-(pbenzoic CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 15 acid)/GO acid)/go CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 16 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 17 AuNP aunp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 18 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 19 ionic ionic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 20 liquid liquid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 21 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 622 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 623 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 623 2 259 259 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 623 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 1 A a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 2 native native JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 3 microenvironment microenvironment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 4 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 5 produced produce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 6 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 8 antibody antibody NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 9 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 12 integration integration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 14 ionic ionic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 15 liquid liquid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 16 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 17 resulted result VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 18 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 19 higher high JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 20 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 22 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 24 reproducibility reproducibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 26 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 27 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 28 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 29 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 30 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 31 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 32 fm fm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 33 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 34 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 35 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 36 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 37 3.2 3.2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 38 fm-0.32 fm-0.32 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 39 pm pm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 624 40 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 1 Quantitative quantitative JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 2 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 4 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 5 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 7 great great JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 8 importance importance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 9 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 12 increasing increase VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 13 demand demand NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 15 diabetes diabetes NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 16 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 18 food food NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 19 industry industry NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 22 biotechnology biotechnology NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 625 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 1 So so RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 2 Luo Luo NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 3 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 4 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 5 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 6 reported report VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 7 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 8 two two CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 9 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 10 step step NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 11 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 12 strategy strategy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 13 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 14 synthesizing synthesize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 15 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 16 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 17 RGO RGO NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 18 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 19 nickel nickel NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 20 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 21 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 23 construction construction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 25 non non JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 26 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 27 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 28 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 29 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 626 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 1 Nickel nickel NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 2 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 3 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 4 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 5 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 6 emerged emerge VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 7 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 8 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 9 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 10 active active JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 11 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 12 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 13 non non JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 14 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 15 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 16 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 17 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 18 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 19 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 20 offer offer VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 21 environmental environmental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 22 benignity benignity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 24 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 25 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 27 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 28 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 29 electrocatalytic electrocatalytic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 30 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 627 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 628 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 628 2 260 260 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 628 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 2 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 3 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 5 under under IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 6 optimum optimum JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 7 conditions condition NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 9 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 10 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 11 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 12 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 13 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 14 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 16 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 17 0.8 0.8 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 18 µm µm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 629 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 1 Fisher Fisher NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 4 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 5 presented present VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 6 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 7 scalable scalable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 8 nanostructured nanostructure VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 9 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 10 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 12 basis basis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 14 multilayered multilayered JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 15 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 16 petal petal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 17 nanosheets nanosheet NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 19 MGPNs)/ MGPNs)/ NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 20 platinum platinum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 21 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 23 PtNPs)/PEDOT PtNPs)/PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 24 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 25 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 26 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 27 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 28 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 29 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 30 biorecognition biorecognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 31 element element NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 630 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 2 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 3 platform platform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 4 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 5 created create VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 6 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 8 combination combination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 10 0D 0D NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 11 NPs NPs NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 12 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 13 2D 2D NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 14 support support NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 15 arrayed array VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 16 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 17 third third JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 18 dimension dimension NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 19 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 20 outstanding outstanding JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 21 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 631 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 632 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 632 2 261 261 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 632 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 2 work work NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 3 enabled enable VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 5 robust robust JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 6 design design NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 8 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 9 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 10 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 11 exceptional exceptional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 12 performance performance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 13 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 14 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 15 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 16 toward toward IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 17 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 18 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 19 0.3 0.3 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 20 µm µm CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 21 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 23 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 633 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 2 performance performance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 5 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 6 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 7 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 8 exemplary exemplary JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 9 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 10 persistent persistent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 11 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 12 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 13 after after IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 14 5 5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 15 weeks week NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 16 usage usage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 19 performance performance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 20 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 21 benchmarked benchmarke VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 22 against against IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 24 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 25 collection collection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 27 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 28 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 634 29 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 1 For for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 2 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 3 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 4 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 6 Tang Tang NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 7 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 8 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 9 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 10 fabricated fabricate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 11 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 12 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 13 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 14 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 15 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 16 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 17 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 18 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 19 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 20 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 21 assemblage assemblage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 23 polyaniline/ polyaniline/ CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 24 MWCNT MWCNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 25 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 26 AuNP AuNP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 27 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 28 film film NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 29 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 30 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 31 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 32 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 33 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 34 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 635 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 2 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 3 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 4 retained retain VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 5 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 6 92 92 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 7 % % NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 9 initial initial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 10 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 11 after after IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 12 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 13 period period NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 15 30 30 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 16 days day NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 18 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 19 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 20 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 21 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 23 0.19 0.19 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 24 µm µm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 636 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 637 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 637 2 262 262 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 637 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 1 Recently recently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 3 traditional traditional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 4 metal metal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 5 oxides oxide NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 7 copper copper NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 8 oxide oxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 10 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 11 drawn draw VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 12 huge huge JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 13 attention attention NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 14 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 16 offers offer VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 17 many many JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 18 benefits benefit NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 19 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 20 biosensor biosensor VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 21 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 22 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 23 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 24 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 25 facile facile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 26 synthesis synthesis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 27 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 28 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 29 remarkable remarkable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 30 redox redox NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 31 process process NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 32 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 33 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 34 potential potential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 35 ranges range NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 36 under under IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 37 certain certain JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 38 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 39 conditions condition NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 638 40 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 639 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 639 2 263 263 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 639 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 639 4 Alias Alias NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 639 5 et et FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 639 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 639 7 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 1 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 2 nanocomposite nanocomposite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 4 copper copper NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 5 oxide oxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 6 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 7 RGO RGO NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 8 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 9 polypyrrole polypyrrole NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 10 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 12 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 13 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 14 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 15 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 16 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 18 ensuing ensue VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 19 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 20 revealed reveal VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 21 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 22 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 24 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 25 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 26 0.03 0.03 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 27 µm µm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 640 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 641 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 641 2 264 264 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 641 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 642 1 Tanver Tanver NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 642 2 et et FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 642 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 642 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 643 1 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 643 2 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 643 3 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 643 4 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 643 5 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 643 6 selective selective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 643 7 monitoring monitoring NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 643 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 643 9 K k NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 643 10 + + CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 1 induced induce VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 2 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 3 liberated liberate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 4 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 5 dopaminergic dopaminergic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 6 cells cell NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 7 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 8 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 9 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 11 ethylenediaminetetraacetic ethylenediaminetetraacetic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 12 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 14 EDTA EDTA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 16 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 17 poly(1,5-diaminonaphthalene poly(1,5-diaminonaphthalene JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 19 layer layer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 20 comprised comprise VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 22 GO GO NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 23 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 24 AuNP aunp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 644 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 2 optimized optimize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 4 experimental experimental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 5 variables variable NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 6 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 7 found find VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 8 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 10 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 11 5 5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 12 nm nm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 13 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 15 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 16 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 17 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 18 applied apply VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 19 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 21 surveillance surveillance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 23 released release VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 24 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 25 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 26 dopaminergic dopaminergic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 27 cells cell NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 645 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 2 265 265 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 4 Decha Decha NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 5 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 7 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 8 fabricated fabricate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 9 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 10 onepot onepot NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 11 facile facile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 12 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 13 green green JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 14 approach approach NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 15 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 17 synthesis synthesis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 19 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 646 20 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 647 1 PSS/ PSS/ NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 1 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 2 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 3 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 4 nanocomposites nanocomposite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 5 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 6 selective selective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 7 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 9 uric uric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 10 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 12 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 13 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 15 co co NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 16 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 17 occurrence occurrence NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 19 ascorbic ascorbic NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 20 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 648 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 649 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 649 2 236 236 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 649 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 2 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 3 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 4 prepared prepare VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 5 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 6 initially initially RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 7 electro electro JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 8 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 9 exfoliating exfoliate VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 10 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 12 polystyrene polystyrene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 13 sulfonate sulfonate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 15 PSS PSS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 17 followed follow VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 18 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 19 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 20 situ situ NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 21 formation formation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 23 AuNP aunp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 24 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 25 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 650 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 651 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 651 2 as as RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 651 3 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 651 4 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 651 5 dispersion dispersion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 651 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 651 7 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 651 8 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 1 PSS PSS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 2 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 3 AuNP aunp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 4 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 5 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 6 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 7 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 10 fabrication fabrication NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 12 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 13 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 15 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 16 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 17 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 18 drop drop NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 19 casting casting NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 20 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 21 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 22 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 23 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 24 unveiled unveil VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 25 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 26 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 27 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 29 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 30 nm-300 nm-300 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 31 mm mm NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 33 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 35 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 36 - - SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 37 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 38 mm mm CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 40 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 41 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 42 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 43 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 44 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 45 100 100 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 46 pm pm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 47 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 48 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 49 mm mm NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 50 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 51 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 52 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 53 uric uric NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 54 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 55 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 56 respectively respectively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 57 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 58 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 59 tested test VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 60 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 61 real real JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 62 pharmaceutical pharmaceutical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 63 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 64 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 65 serum serum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 66 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 652 67 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 653 1 Baohe Baohe NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 653 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 653 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 653 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 1 determined determine VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 2 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 3 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 5 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 6 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 7 serotonin serotonin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 10 tryptophan tryptophan NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 11 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 12 electrodeposition electrodeposition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 13 synthesis synthesis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 15 novel novel NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 16 PEDOT/ PEDOT/ NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 17 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 18 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 19 nickel nickel NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 20 oxide oxide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 21 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 654 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 655 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 655 2 237 237 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 655 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 2 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 3 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 4 found find VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 5 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 6 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 7 1D 1d CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 8 co co JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 9 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 10 axial axial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 11 structured structure VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 12 nanotube nanotube NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 14 CNT CNT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 16 nickel nickel NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 17 oxide/ oxide/ CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 18 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 19 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 20 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 21 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 22 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 23 electrocatalytic electrocatalytic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 24 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 25 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 26 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 27 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 28 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 29 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 30 obtained obtain VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 31 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 32 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 33 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 34 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 35 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 36 0.026 0.026 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 37 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 38 0.063 0.063 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 39 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 40 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 41 0.210 0.210 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 42 µm µm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 43 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 44 dopamine dopamine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 45 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 46 serotonin serotonin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 47 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 48 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 49 tryptophan tryptophan NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 50 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 51 respectively respectively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 52 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 53 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 54 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 55 then then RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 56 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 57 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 58 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 59 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 60 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 61 serum serum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 62 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 656 63 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 657 1 Zhang Zhang NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 657 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 657 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 657 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 1 established establish VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 2 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 3 unique unique JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 4 strategy strategy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 5 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 6 constructing construct VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 7 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 8 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 9 levofloxacin levofloxacin NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 11 LEV lev NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 13 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 14 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 15 incorporation incorporation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 17 AuNP AuNP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 18 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 19 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 20 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 21 MIP MIP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 22 polypyrrole polypyrrole NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 23 where where WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 24 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 25 found find VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 26 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 27 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 28 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 30 0.53 0.53 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 31 µmol µmol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 32 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 33 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 34 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 35 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 36 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 37 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 658 38 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 659 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 659 2 266 266 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 659 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 2 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 3 study study NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 5 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 6 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 7 AuNP AuNP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 8 served serve VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 9 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 10 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 11 electrooxidation electrooxidation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 12 promoter promoter NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 13 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 14 LEV LEV NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 15 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 16 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 17 whereas whereas IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 18 MIP MIP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 19 polypyrrole polypyrrole NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 20 acted act VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 21 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 22 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 23 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 24 element element NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 660 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 1 Paracetamol Paracetamol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 2 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 3 another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 4 analgesic analgesic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 5 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 6 antipyretic antipyretic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 7 drug drug NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 8 whose whose WP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 9 overdose overdose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 10 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 11 cause cause VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 12 acute acute JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 13 kidney kidney NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 14 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 15 liver liver NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 16 failure failure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 661 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 662 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 662 2 267 267 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 662 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 3 Luo Luo NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 4 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 5 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 6 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 7 synthesized synthesize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 8 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 9 Au Au NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 10 / / SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 11 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 12 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 13 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 14 core core NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 15 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 16 shell shell NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 17 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 18 having have VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 19 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 20 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 22 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 23 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 24 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 25 into into IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 26 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 27 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 28 construct construct VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 29 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 30 nanocomposite nanocomposite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 31 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 32 electrodeposition electrodeposition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 33 method method NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 663 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 2 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 3 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 4 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 5 gratifying gratifying JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 6 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 7 toward toward IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 8 paracetamol paracetamol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 9 over over IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 10 wide wide JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 11 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 13 concentrations concentration NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 14 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 15 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 16 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 18 as as RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 19 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 20 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 21 41 41 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 22 nm nm NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 24 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 25 capable capable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 27 recognizing recognize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 28 paracetamol paracetamol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 29 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 30 real real JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 31 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 32 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 33 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 34 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 35 accuracy accuracy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 664 36 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 665 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 665 2 268 268 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 665 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 665 4 Orlando Orlando NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 665 5 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 665 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 665 7 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 1 carried carry VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 2 out out RP cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 3 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 4 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 6 levofloxacin levofloxacin NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 7 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 8 paracetamol paracetamol JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 9 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 10 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 11 utilizing utilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 12 silver silver NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 13 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 15 carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 16 black black JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 19 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 666 20 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 667 1 PSS PSS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 667 2 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 667 3 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 667 4 efficient efficient JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 667 5 voltammetric voltammetric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 667 6 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 667 7 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 1 Carbon carbon NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 2 black black NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 3 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 4 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 5 because because IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 6 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 8 cheaper cheap JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 9 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 10 compared compare VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 11 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 12 graphene graphene NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 13 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 14 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 15 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 16 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 18 electrocatalytic electrocatalytic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 19 properties property NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 20 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 21 ameliorate ameliorate VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 23 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 24 performance performance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 668 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 669 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 669 2 269 269 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 669 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 2 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 3 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 4 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 5 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 6 www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advancedsciencenews.com NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 7 www.mcp-journal.de www.mcp-journal.de NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 8 reproducibility reproducibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 10 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 11 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 12 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 13 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 14 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 16 1.2 1.2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 17 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 18 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 19 −8 −8 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 20 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 21 1.4 1.4 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 22 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 23 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 24 −8 −8 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 25 mol mol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 26 L L NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 27 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 28 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 29 paracetamol paracetamol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 30 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 31 levofloxacin levofloxacin NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 32 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 33 respectively respectively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 670 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 1 Characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 3 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 4 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 5 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 6 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 7 hybrid hybrid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 8 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 9 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 10 summarized summarize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 12 Table Table NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 13 6 6 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 671 14 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 1 Doping doping NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 3 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 4 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 5 acids acid NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 6 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 7 usually usually RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 8 preferred prefer VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 9 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 11 augments augment VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 13 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 14 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 16 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 17 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 18 act act VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 19 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 20 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 21 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 22 material material NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 23 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 24 possesses possess VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 25 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 26 groups group NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 27 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 28 tend tend VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 29 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 30 bond bond VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 31 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 32 multifunctional multifunctional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 33 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 34 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 35 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 36 construction construction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 37 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 38 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 672 39 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 673 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 673 2 270 270 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 673 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 1 Kaneto Kaneto NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 4 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 5 developed develop VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 6 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 7 urea urea NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 8 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 9 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 10 covalent covalent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 11 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 13 urease urease NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 14 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 16 poly(N-3-aminopropyl poly(N-3-aminopropyl NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 17 pyrrole pyrrole NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 18 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 19 co co NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 20 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 21 pyrrole pyrrole JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 23 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 24 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 25 para para JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 26 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 27 toluene toluene JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 28 sulfonate sulfonate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 30 PTS PTS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 674 32 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 2 PTS PTS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 3 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 4 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 5 had have VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 6 NH NH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 7 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 8 group group NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 9 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 10 covalently covalently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 11 bonded bond VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 12 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 14 urease urease JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 15 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 16 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 18 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 19 via via IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 20 carbodiimide carbodiimide NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 21 anchoring anchoring NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 22 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 675 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 1 Apart apart RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 2 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 3 having have VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 4 NH NH NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 5 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 6 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 7 group group NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 10 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 11 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 12 porous porous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 13 morphology morphology NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 14 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 15 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 16 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 18 large large JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 19 PTS PTS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 20 dopant dopant NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 21 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 22 resulted result VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 23 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 24 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 25 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 26 loading loading NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 27 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 28 leads lead VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 29 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 30 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 31 performance performance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 32 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 33 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 34 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 35 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 36 regard regard NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 37 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 38 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 39 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 40 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 41 long long JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 42 life life NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 43 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 44 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 45 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 46 short short JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 47 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 48 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 676 49 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 677 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 677 2 271 271 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 677 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 678 1 Luo Luo NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 678 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 678 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 678 4 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 678 5 developed develop VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 678 6 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 678 7 3D 3d JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 678 8 macroporous macroporous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 678 9 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 678 10 poly(sodium poly(sodium NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 678 11 4-styrene 4-styrene CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 678 12 sulfonate sulfonate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 678 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 679 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 679 2 PSS PSS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 679 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 679 4 doped dope VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 679 5 polyaniline polyaniline NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 679 6 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 679 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 679 8 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 679 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 679 10 alphafetoprotein alphafetoprotein NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 679 11 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 2 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 3 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 4 selective selective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 5 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 6 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 7 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 8 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 10 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 11 surface surface NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 12 area area NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 14 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 15 many many JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 16 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 17 groups group NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 18 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 19 aided aid VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 20 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 21 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 22 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 24 antibodies antibody NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 25 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 26 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 27 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 28 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 30 3.7 3.7 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 31 fg fg NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 32 mL mL NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 33 −1 −1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 680 34 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 1 Polyaniline Polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 2 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 3 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 4 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 5 PSS PSS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 6 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 8 lone lone JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 9 polyaniline polyaniline NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 10 composite composite JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 11 displays display VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 12 redox redox JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 13 activities activity NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 15 acidic acidic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 16 condition condition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 17 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 18 depresses depress VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 20 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 22 most most JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 25 biosensing biosensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 26 system system NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 681 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 682 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 682 2 272 272 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 682 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 1 Another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 2 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 3 dopant dopant NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 5 camphor camphor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 6 sulfonic sulfonic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 7 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 9 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 10 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 12 doping dope VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 13 polyaniline polyaniline NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 14 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 15 Mathiyarasu Mathiyarasu NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 16 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 17 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 683 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 684 1 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 684 2 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 684 3 use use NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 684 4 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 684 5 potentiometric potentiometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 684 6 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 684 7 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 684 8 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 684 9 covalently covalently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 684 10 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 684 11 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 684 12 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 684 13 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 2 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 3 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 4 displayed display VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 5 uniform uniform JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 6 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 7 smooth smooth JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 8 micro micro JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 9 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 10 porous porous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 11 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 12 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 13 resulted result VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 15 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 16 homogenous homogenous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 17 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 18 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 19 consistent consistent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 20 enzyme enzyme NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 21 loading loading NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 22 offering offer VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 23 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 24 better well JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 25 conductive conductive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 26 platform platform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 27 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 28 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 29 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 685 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 2 modified modify VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 3 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 4 electrode electrode NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 5 displayed display VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 6 better well JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 7 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 9 admirable admirable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 10 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 12 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 13 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 14 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 15 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 16 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 18 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 19 - - SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 20 50 50 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 21 mm mm NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 686 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 687 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 687 2 273 273 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 687 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 1 Another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 2 researcher researcher NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 4 Wernet Wernet NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 5 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 7 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 8 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 9 synthesized synthesize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 10 flexible flexible JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 11 polypyrrole polypyrrole NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 12 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 13 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 14 sulfated sulfated JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 15 poly(β poly(β NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 16 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 17 hydroxy hydroxy JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 18 ethers ether NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 20 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 21 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 22 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 688 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 2 resulting result VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 3 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 4 displayed display VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 5 higher high JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 6 H h NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 7 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 8 O o NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 9 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 10 oxidation oxidation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 11 potential potential NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 12 at at IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 13 lower lower RBR cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 14 applied apply VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 15 current current NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 16 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 17 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 18 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 20 up up IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 21 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 22 100 100 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 23 mm mm NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 689 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 2 274 274 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 4 Marisa Marisa NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 5 et et FW cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 6 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 7 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 8 developed develop VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 9 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 10 bi bi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 11 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 12 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 13 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 14 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 15 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 16 PAAMPSA PAAMPSA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 17 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 18 polyaniline polyaniline NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 19 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 21 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 22 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 23 gluconic gluconic NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 24 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 25 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 26 co co NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 27 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 28 immobilizing immobilizing JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 29 6-phospod 6-phospod CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 30 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 31 gluconate gluconate VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 32 dehydrogenase dehydrogenase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 33 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 34 gluconate gluconate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 35 kinase kinase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 37 6PGDH 6pgdh CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 38 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 39 GK GK NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 40 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 41 respectively respectively RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 690 43 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 1 Gluconic gluconic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 2 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 3 acts act VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 4 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 5 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 6 biomarker biomarker NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 7 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 8 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 9 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 11 grape grape NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 12 infection infection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 13 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 14 Botrytis Botrytis NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 15 cinerea cinerea NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 16 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 18 consequent consequent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 19 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 20 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 21 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 22 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 23 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 24 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 25 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 26 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 27 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 28 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 29 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 30 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 31 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 33 5 5 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 34 µm µm CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 36 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 37 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 38 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 39 storage storage NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 40 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 691 41 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 2 275 275 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 4 alterations alteration NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 6 PANI PANI NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 7 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 8 PAAMPSA PAAMPSA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 9 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 10 respect respect NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 11 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 12 varying vary VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 13 pH ph NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 14 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 15 testing test VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 17 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 19 pH ph NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 20 over over IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 21 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 23 doping doping NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 24 mechanism mechanism NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 25 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 26 active active JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 692 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 693 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 693 2 276 276 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 693 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 1 Additionally additionally RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 3 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 4 incorporation incorporation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 6 PAAMPSA PAAMPSA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 7 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 8 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 9 acid acid NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 10 dopant dopant NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 11 resulted result VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 13 water water NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 14 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 15 soluble soluble JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 16 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 17 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 18 high high JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 19 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 694 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 695 1 Noemi Noemi NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 695 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 695 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 695 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 1 fabricated fabricate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 2 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 3 aptasensor aptasensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 4 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 5 label label NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 6 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 7 free free JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 8 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 10 kanamycin kanamycin NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 11 A A NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 12 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 13 ampicillin ampicillin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 14 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 15 utilizing utilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 16 tosylate tosylate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 17 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 18 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 696 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 2 consequent consequent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 3 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 4 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 5 highly highly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 6 selective selective JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 7 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 8 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 9 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 11 analyzed analyze VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 12 target target NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 13 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 14 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 15 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 16 concentration concentration NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 17 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 19 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 20 nm-1 nm-1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 21 mm mm NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 22 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 23 kanamycin kanamycin NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 24 A A NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 25 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 26 100 100 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 27 pm-1 pm-1 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 28 µm µm NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 29 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 30 ampicillin ampicillin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 697 31 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 1 Real real JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 2 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 4 ampicillin ampicillin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 5 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 6 spiked spike VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 7 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 8 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 9 fat fat NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 10 milk milk NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 11 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 12 successfully successfully RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 13 analyzed analyze VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 14 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 15 assess assess VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 17 functionality functionality NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 19 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 20 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 21 real real JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 22 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 698 23 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 699 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 699 2 277 277 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 699 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 700 1 Erslan Erslan NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 700 2 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 700 3 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 700 4 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 1 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 2 poly poly NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 3 vinylsulfonate vinylsulfonate NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 5 PVS PVS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 7 doped dope VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 8 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 9 film film NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 10 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 12 determination determination NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 14 acetylcholine acetylcholine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 15 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 16 using use VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 17 amperometric amperometric JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 18 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 701 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 1 Immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 2 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 3 carried carry VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 4 out out RP cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 5 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 6 cross cross NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 7 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 8 linking linking NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 10 acetylcholinesterase acetylcholinesterase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 11 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 12 choline choline NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 13 oxidase oxidase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 14 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 15 bovin bovin JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 16 serum serum NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 17 albumin albumin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 19 glutaraldehyde glutaraldehyde NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 702 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 1 PEDOT PEDOT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 2 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 3 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 4 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 5 PVS PVS NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 6 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 8 increases increase VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 9 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 11 improves improve VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 12 environmental environmental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 13 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 15 maintains maintain VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 16 charge charge NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 17 neutrality neutrality NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 18 during during IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 19 reduction reduction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 20 reaction reaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 23 augments augment VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 25 polymerization polymerization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 26 rate rate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 27 when when WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 28 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 29 large large JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 30 dopants dopant NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 31 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 32 used use VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 703 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 1 As as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 2 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 3 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 5 these these DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 6 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 9 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 10 showed show VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 11 broad broad JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 12 linear linear JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 13 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 14 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 15 low low JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 16 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 18 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 20 5.0 5.0 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 21 × × NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 22 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 23 −9 −9 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 24 m m NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 25 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 26 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 27 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 29 200 200 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 704 30 s. s. NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 2 278 278 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 4 Characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 6 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 7 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 8 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 9 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 10 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 11 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 12 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 13 summarized summarize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 15 Table Table NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 16 7 7 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 705 17 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 1 As as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 3 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 4 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 5 found find VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 6 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 7 applications application NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 8 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 9 diverse diverse JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 10 fields field NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 11 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 12 environmental environmental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 13 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 14 biodefense biodefense VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 17 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 18 difficult difficult JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 19 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 20 obtain obtain VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 21 open open JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 22 literature literature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 23 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 24 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 25 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 26 estimation estimation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 27 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 28 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 29 development development NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 706 30 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 2 one one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 3 instance instance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 5 Schmidt Schmidt NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 6 proposed propose VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 7 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 8 multi multi JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 9 - - JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 10 analyte analyte JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 11 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 12 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 13 Environmental Environmental NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 14 Protection Protection NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 15 Agency Agency NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 17 EPA EPA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 19 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 20 recognition recognition NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 22 phenolic phenolic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 23 compounds compound NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 707 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 2 aim aim NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 3 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 4 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 5 curtail curtail VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 7 analysis analysis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 8 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 9 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 10 19 19 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 11 days day NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 12 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 13 15 15 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 14 min min NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 16 annual annual JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 17 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 18 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 19 more more JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 20 than than IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 21 USD usd NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 22 20 20 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 23 million million CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 24 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 25 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 26 United United NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 27 States States NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 708 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 2 investigator investigator NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 3 emphasized emphasize VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 4 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 6 major major JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 7 bottleneck bottleneck NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 8 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 9 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 10 development development NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 12 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 13 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 14 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 15 discrepancy discrepancy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 18 market market NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 19 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 20 environmental environmental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 21 measurements measurement NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 22 hence hence RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 23 no no DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 24 one one NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 25 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 26 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 27 enough enough JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 28 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 29 justify justify VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 30 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 31 advancement advancement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 32 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 33 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 34 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 35 specific specific JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 36 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 709 37 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 2 Schmidt Schmidt NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 3 proposed propose VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 4 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 6 required require VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 7 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 8 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 9 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 10 capable capable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 11 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 12 determining determine VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 13 dozens dozen NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 15 analytes analyte NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 16 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 17 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 18 developed develop VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 19 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 20 6 6 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 21 - - SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 22 7 7 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 23 months month NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 24 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 25 ≈USD ≈usd XX cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 26 70 70 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 27 000 000 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 710 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 711 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 711 2 279 279 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 711 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 1 In in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 2 another another DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 3 instance instance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 5 Rescue Rescue NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 6 Service Service NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 7 Agency Agency NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 9 Sweden Sweden NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 11 sought seek VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 12 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 13 " " `` cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 14 artificial artificial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 15 dog dog NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 16 nose nose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 17 " " '' cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 18 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 19 localizing localize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 20 minefields minefield NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 22 free free JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 23 other other JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 24 zones zone NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 25 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 26 land land NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 712 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 2 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 3 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 4 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 5 intended intend VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 6 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 7 deliver deliver VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 8 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 9 prototype prototype NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 10 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 11 would would MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 12 cost cost VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 13 roughly roughly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 14 USD usd NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 15 100 100 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 16 000 000 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 17 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 18 August1999 August1999 NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 713 19 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 2 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 3 testing testing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 4 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 5 planned plan VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 6 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 7 Sweden Sweden NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 8 's 's POS cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 9 military military JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 10 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 12 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 13 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 14 considered consider VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 15 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 16 actual actual JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 17 utilization utilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 18 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 19 Angola Angola NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 714 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 715 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 715 2 280 280 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 715 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 2 University University NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 4 Mississippi Mississippi NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 5 proposed propose VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 7 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 9 steroidogenic steroidogenic NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 10 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 12 endocrine endocrine JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 13 disrupting disrupt VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 14 compounds compound NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 16 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 17 environmental environmental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 18 chemicals chemical NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 19 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 20 Basin Basin NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 21 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 22 Mississippi Mississippi NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 23 River River NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 24 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 25 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 26 estimated estimate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 27 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 28 period period NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 30 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 31 - - SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 32 2 2 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 33 years year NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 34 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 35 USD usd NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 36 250 250 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 37 000 000 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 38 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 39 300 300 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 40 000 000 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 41 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 42 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 43 construction construction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 44 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 45 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 716 46 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 717 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 717 2 281 281 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 717 3 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 717 4 282 282 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 717 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 717 6 Rogers Rogers NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 717 7 et et NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 717 8 al al NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 717 9 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 1 indicated indicate VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 3 development development NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 5 new new JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 6 methods method NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 7 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 8 instruments instrument NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 9 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 10 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 11 promising promising NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 12 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 13 situ situ NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 14 monitoring monitoring NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 16 toxic toxic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 17 chemicals chemical NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 718 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 2 compared compare VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 3 two two CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 4 distinct distinct JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 5 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 6 systems system NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 8 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 10 immunoassay immunoassay JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 11 kit kit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 13 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 15 surveillance surveillance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 17 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 18 groundwater groundwater NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 19 pump pump NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 20 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 21 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 22 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 23 treat treat VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 24 system system NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 719 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 2 projections projection NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 3 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 4 acquired acquire VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 5 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 6 initial initial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 7 investment investment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 8 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 9 versus versus IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 10 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 12 each each DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 13 sample sample NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 14 wherein wherein WRB cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 16 estimated estimate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 17 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 18 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 19 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 20 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 21 USD USD NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 22 8 8 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 24 that that DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 25 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 26 immunoassay immunoassay JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 27 kit kit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 28 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 29 USD USD NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 30 50 50 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 31 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 32 75 75 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 33 per per IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 34 assay assay NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 720 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 2 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 5 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 6 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 7 slightly slightly RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 8 offset offset VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 9 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 10 start start NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 11 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 12 up up NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 13 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 14 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 16 kits kit NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 17 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 18 which which WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 19 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 20 substantially substantially RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 21 cheaper cheap JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 721 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 2 283 283 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 4 One one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 7 major major JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 8 markets market NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 11 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 12 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 13 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 14 monitoring monitoring NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 15 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 16 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 17 urine urine NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 19 blood blood NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 20 samples sample NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 722 21 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 1 This this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 2 market market NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 3 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 4 unique unique JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 5 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 6 large large JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 7 enough enough RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 8 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 9 stimulate stimulate VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 10 stand stand VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 11 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 12 alone alone RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 13 business business NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 14 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 15 sales sale NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 16 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 17 excess excess NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 18 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 19 USD usd NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 20 100 100 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 21 million million CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 22 per per IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 23 year year NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 25 1996 1996 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 723 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 724 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 724 2 284 284 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 724 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 2 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 4 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 5 product product NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 6 ranges range VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 7 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 8 cents cent NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 10 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 11 paper paper NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 12 strips strip NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 14 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 15 almost almost RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 16 USD usd NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 17 1 1 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 19 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 20 disposable disposable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 21 electrodes electrode NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 23 utilized utilize VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 24 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 25 commercially commercially RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 26 available available JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 27 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 28 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 725 29 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 1 As as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 3 last last JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 4 example example NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 5 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 7 advancement advancement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 9 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 10 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 11 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 12 mimics mimic VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 14 closely closely RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 16 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 17 biological biological JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 18 sensory sensory JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 19 function function NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 20 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 21 discussed discuss VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 726 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 727 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 727 2 285 285 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 727 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 1 Initially initially RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 3 no no DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 4 costs cost NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 5 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 6 presented present VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 7 but but CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 8 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 9 convert convert VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 11 concept concept NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 13 ion ion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 14 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 15 channel channel NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 16 switch switch NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 17 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 18 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 19 practical practical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 20 device device NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 23 286 286 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 26 took take VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 27 around around RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 28 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 29 years year NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 30 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 31 60 60 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 32 scientists scientist NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 33 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 34 engineers engineer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 728 35 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 2 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 3 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 4 ion ion NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 5 flux flux NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 6 through through IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 8 membrane membrane NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 9 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 10 detected detect VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 11 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 12 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 13 change change NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 15 conductance conductance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 17 membrane membrane NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 729 18 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 2 benefit benefit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 3 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 4 sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 5 provides provide VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 6 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 7 direct direct JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 8 functional functional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 9 test test NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 12 interaction interaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 13 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 14 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 15 artificial artificial JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 16 cell cell NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 17 membrane membrane NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 18 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 20 potential potential JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 21 drug drug NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 730 22 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 1 Recently recently RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 3 researchers researcher NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 4 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 5 Stanford Stanford NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 6 University University NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 7 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 8 developed develop VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 9 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 10 wearable wearable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 11 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 12 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 13 determines determine VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 14 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 15 level level NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 16 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 17 Cortisol cortisol NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 19 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 20 hormone hormone NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 21 linked link VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 22 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 23 stress stress NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 25 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 26 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 27 sweat sweat NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 28 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 29 human human JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 30 being being NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 31 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 32 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 33 help help VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 34 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 35 maintain maintain VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 36 physical physical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 37 fitness fitness NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 38 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 39 optimum optimum JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 40 health health NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 41 status status NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 731 42 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 732 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 732 2 287 287 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 732 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 732 4 Macromol Macromol NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 732 5 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 733 1 Chem Chem NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 733 2 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 734 1 Phys Phys NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 734 2 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 735 1 2019 2019 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 735 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 735 3 220 220 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 735 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 735 5 1800561 1800561 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 735 6 www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advancedsciencenews.com ADD cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 1 www.mcp-journal.de www.mcp-journal.de NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 2 One one CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 4 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 5 major major JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 6 hindrances hindrance NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 7 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 9 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 10 market market NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 11 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 12 come come VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 13 across across RP cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 14 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 16 inadequacy inadequacy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 17 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 18 mass mass NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 19 market market NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 20 available available JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 22 barring bar VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 23 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 24 exceptional exceptional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 25 case case NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 26 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 27 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 28 market market NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 29 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 30 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 31 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 32 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 33 viewpoint viewpoint NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 34 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 35 profit profit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 36 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 37 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 38 causes cause VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 39 severe severe JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 40 resistance resistance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 41 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 42 investors investor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 43 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 44 invest invest VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 45 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 46 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 47 technology technology NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 736 48 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 2 was be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 3 indicated indicate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 4 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 6 development development NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 7 cost cost NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 9 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 11 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 12 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 13 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 15 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 16 complex complex JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 17 fabrication fabrication NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 18 route route NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 19 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 20 lies lie VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 21 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 22 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 23 range range NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 24 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 25 USD USD NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 26 20 20 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 27 - - SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 28 30 30 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 29 million million CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 30 within within IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 31 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 32 time time NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 33 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 34 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 35 7 7 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 36 - - SYM cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 37 10 10 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 38 years year NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 39 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 40 hence hence RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 41 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 42 small small JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 43 industries industry NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 44 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 45 bound bind VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 46 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 47 hamper hamper VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 48 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 49 arriving arrive VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 50 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 51 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 52 market market NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 53 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 54 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 55 result result NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 56 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 57 huge huge JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 58 investment investment NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 59 amount amount NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 60 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 61 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 62 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 63 losses loss NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 64 suffered suffer VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 65 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 66 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 67 early early JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 68 phase phase NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 737 69 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 2 288 288 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 4 Some some DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 6 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 7 limitations limitation NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 8 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 9 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 10 may may MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 11 include include VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 12 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 13 lack lack NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 15 reliability reliability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 16 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 17 manufacture manufacture VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 18 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 19 competitive competitive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 20 product product NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 21 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 22 complex complex JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 23 fabrication fabrication NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 24 route route NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 26 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 27 mercantile mercantile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 28 advancement advancement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 29 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 30 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 31 technology technology NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 32 required require VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 33 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 34 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 35 production production NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 36 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 37 an an DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 38 enormous enormous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 39 amount amount NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 40 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 41 devices device NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 738 42 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 1 Biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 2 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 3 analytical analytical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 4 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 5 devices device NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 6 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 7 transmit transmit VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 9 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 10 signal signal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 11 occurring occur VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 12 upon upon IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 13 interaction interaction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 14 between between IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 15 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 16 analyte analyte NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 19 bio bio JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 20 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 21 receptor receptor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 22 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 23 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 24 sought seek VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 25 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 26 application application NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 27 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 28 diverse diverse JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 29 fields field NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 30 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 31 environmental environmental JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 32 monitoring monitoring NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 33 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 34 clinical clinical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 35 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 36 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 37 food food NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 38 quality quality NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 39 evaluation evaluation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 40 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 41 drug drug NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 42 development development NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 43 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 44 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 45 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 46 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 47 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 48 defense defense NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 49 sector sector NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 739 50 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 1 Since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 3 discovery discovery NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 5 glucose glucose NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 6 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 7 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 8 Clark Clark NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 9 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 10 research research NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 12 this this DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 13 field field NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 14 has have VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 15 augmented augment VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 16 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 17 never never RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 18 looked look VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 19 back back RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 740 20 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 1 Of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 2 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 3 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 4 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 5 developed develop VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 6 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 8 construction construction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 10 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 12 intrinsically intrinsically RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 13 conductive conductive JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 14 polymers polymer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 15 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 16 acquired acquire VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 17 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 18 considerable considerable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 19 interest interest NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 20 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 21 scientists scientist NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 23 industrialists industrialist NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 24 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 25 thanks thank NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 26 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 27 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 28 paramount paramount JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 29 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 30 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 31 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 32 inimitable inimitable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 33 electronic electronic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 34 structure structure NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 35 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 36 biocompatibility biocompatibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 37 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 38 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 39 tunable tunable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 40 electrical electrical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 41 conductivity conductivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 741 42 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 1 Though though IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 2 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 3 provide provide VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 4 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 5 copious copious JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 6 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 8 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 9 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 10 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 12 property property NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 13 issues issue NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 14 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 15 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 16 ambient ambient JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 17 conditions condition NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 18 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 19 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 20 oxygen oxygen NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 21 media medium NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 23 acidic acidic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 24 or or CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 25 basic basic JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 26 media medium NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 742 27 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 3 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 4 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 5 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 6 AuNP aunp NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 8 GR GR NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 10 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 11 derivatives derivative NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 12 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 13 CNTs cnt NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 14 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 16 hybrid hybrid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 17 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 18 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 19 due due IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 20 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 21 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 22 exceptional exceptional JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 23 attributes attribute NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 24 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 25 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 26 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 27 amalgamated amalgamate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 28 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 29 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 30 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 31 improve improve VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 32 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 33 performance performance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 34 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 35 such such JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 36 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 37 rapid rapid JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 38 response response NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 39 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 40 good good JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 41 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 42 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 43 increased increase VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 44 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 45 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 46 long long JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 47 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 48 term term NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 49 stability stability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 50 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 51 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 52 lower low JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 53 detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 54 limit limit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 743 55 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 1 Thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 4 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 5 meticulously meticulously RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 6 consolidated consolidate VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 7 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 8 existing exist VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 9 literature literature NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 10 on on IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 11 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 12 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 14 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 15 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 16 different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 17 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 18 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 19 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 20 doped dope VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 21 conductive conductive NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 22 poly poly NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 23 mer mer NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 24 based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 25 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 744 26 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 1 Simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 3 diverse diverse JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 4 forms form NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 5 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 6 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 7 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 8 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 9 importance importance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 10 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 12 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 13 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 14 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 15 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 16 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 17 immobilizing immobilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 18 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 19 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 20 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 21 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 22 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 23 highlighted highlight VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 745 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 1 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 2 along along IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 3 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 4 nanomaterials nanomaterial NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 5 provide provide VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 6 a a DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 7 3D 3d JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 8 matrix matrix NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 9 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 10 preserves preserve VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 12 activity activity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 14 biomolecule biomolecule NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 15 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 16 renders render VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 17 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 18 platform platform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 19 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 20 immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 21 since since IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 23 offer offer VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 24 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 25 durability durability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 26 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 27 porosity porosity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 28 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 29 selectivity selectivity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 30 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 31 excellent excellent JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 32 electron electron NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 33 transfer transfer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 34 rate rate NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 35 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 36 biocompatibility biocompatibility NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 37 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 38 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 39 better well JJR cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 40 signal signal NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 41 transduction transduction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 746 42 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 1 As as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 2 described describe VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 3 previously previously RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 4 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 5 various various JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 6 ICPbased icpbase VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 7 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 8 have have VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 9 been be VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 10 reconnoitered reconnoiter VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 11 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 12 fabricate fabricate VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 13 unique unique JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 14 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 15 that that WDT cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 16 utilize utilize VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 17 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 18 composite composite NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 19 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 20 transducer transducer NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 21 elements element NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 23 however however RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 24 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 25 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 26 opportunity opportunity NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 27 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 28 extra extra JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 29 development development NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 30 is be VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 31 still still RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 32 provided provide VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 747 33 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 2 clever clever JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 3 amalgamation amalgamation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 4 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 5 diverse diverse JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 6 nanostructured nanostructured JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 7 materials material NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 8 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 9 best good JJS cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 10 ICPs icp NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 11 will will MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 12 pave pave VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 14 way way NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 15 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 16 utilizing utilize VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 17 novel novel JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 18 ICP ICP NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 19 composites composite NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 20 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 21 manufacturing manufacture VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 22 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 23 sensing sensing NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 24 platform platform NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 25 with with IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 26 superior superior JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 27 performance performance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 748 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 2 major major JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 3 interferences interference NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 4 that that IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 5 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 6 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 7 market market NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 8 came come VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 9 across across RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 10 were be VBD cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 11 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 12 inadequacy inadequacy NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 13 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 14 availability availability NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 15 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 16 mass mass NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 17 market market NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 18 thus thus RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 19 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 20 from from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 21 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 22 viewpoint viewpoint NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 23 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 24 profit profit NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 25 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 26 it -PRON- PRP cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 27 causes cause VBZ cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 28 severe severe JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 29 resistance resistance NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 30 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 31 investors investor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 32 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 33 invest invest VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 34 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 35 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 36 technology technology NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 749 37 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 1 Complex complex JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 2 fabrication fabrication NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 3 route route NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 4 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 5 mercantile mercantile JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 6 advancement advancement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 7 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 8 biosensor biosensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 9 technology technology NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 10 required require VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 11 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 12 manufacturing manufacture VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 13 many many JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 14 devices device NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 15 can can MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 16 be be VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 17 considered consider VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 18 as as IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 19 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 20 limitation limitation NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 21 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 22 mass mass NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 23 production production NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 24 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 750 25 _SP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 1 Handbook Handbook NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 2 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 3 Biosensors Biosensors NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 4 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 5 Biochips Biochips NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 6 Biosensor Biosensor NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 7 Nanomaterials Nanomaterials NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 8 Biosensors Biosensors NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 9 Market Market NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 10 worth worth JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 11 27.06 27.06 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 12 Billion billion CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 13 USD USD NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 14 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 15 2022 2022 CD cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 16 Environmental Environmental NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 17 Microbial Microbial NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 18 Biotechnology Biotechnology NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 19 Polythiophenes Polythiophenes NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 20 - - , cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 21 Electrically Electrically NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 22 Conductive Conductive NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 23 Polymers Polymers NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 24 Biosensor Biosensor NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 25 Nanomaterials Nanomaterials NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 26 Bioelectronics Bioelectronics NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 751 27 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 1 From from IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 2 Theory theory NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 3 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 4 Applications Applications NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 5 Sens Sens NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 6 . . NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 7 Actuators Actuators NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 8 Handbook Handbook NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 9 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 10 Chemical Chemical NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 11 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 12 Biological Biological NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 13 Sensors Sensors NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 14 Body Body NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 15 Sensor sensor NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 16 Networks Networks NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 17 Modern Modern NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 18 Sensors Sensors NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 19 Handbook Handbook NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 20 Chemical Chemical NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 21 Sensors Sensors NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 22 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 23 Biosensors biosensor NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 24 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 25 Fundamentals fundamental NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 26 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 27 Applications Applications NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 28 Measuring measure VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 29 DEA DEA NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 30 Efficiency Efficiency NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 31 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 32 Internet internet NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 33 Companies company NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 34 Enzyme Enzyme NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 35 Immobilization immobilization NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 36 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 37 Advances advance NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 38 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 39 Industry Industry NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 40 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 41 Agriculture Agriculture NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 42 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 43 Medicine Medicine NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 44 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 45 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 46 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 47 Environment Environment NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 48 Nanostructured Nanostructured NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 49 Conductive Conductive NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 50 Polymers Polymers NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 51 Handbook Handbook NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 52 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 53 Biosensors Biosensors NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 54 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 55 Biochips Biochips NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 56 Abd Abd NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 57 El El NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 58 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 59 Ghaffar Ghaffar NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 60 Human Human NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 61 Emerging Emerging NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 62 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 63 Re re NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 64 - - NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 65 emerging emerge VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 66 Infections Infections NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 67 Mater Mater NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 752 68 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 753 1 Focus Focus NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 753 2 Fundamentals Fundamentals NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 753 3 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 753 4 Conjugated conjugated JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 753 5 Polymer Polymer NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 753 6 Blends Blends NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 753 7 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 753 8 Copolymers Copolymers NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 753 9 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 753 10 Composites Composites NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 753 11 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 1 Synthesis synthesis NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 2 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 3 Properties Properties NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 4 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 5 Applications Applications NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 6 Graphene Graphene NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 7 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 8 Based base VBN cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 9 Polymer Polymer NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 10 Nanocomposites Nanocomposites NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 11 in in IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 12 Electronics Electronics NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 13 Development Development NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 14 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 15 Antibodies Antibodies NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 16 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 17 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 18 Detection detection NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 19 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 20 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 21 Toxin toxin NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 22 Anatoxin Anatoxin NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 23 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 24 Immunoassay Immunoassay NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 25 Engineering Engineering NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 26 Biosensors Biosensors NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 754 27 : : : cord-346890-4vozhns4 755 1 Kinetics Kinetics NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 755 2 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 755 3 Design Design NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 755 4 Applications Applications NNPS cord-346890-4vozhns4 756 1 Introduction introduction NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 757 1 BT BT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 757 2 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 757 3 Fractal Fractal NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 757 4 Binding Binding NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 757 5 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 757 6 Dissociation Dissociation NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 757 7 Kinetics Kinetics NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 757 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 757 9 Different different JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 757 10 Biosensor Biosensor NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 757 11 Applications application NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 2 authors author NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 3 would would MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 4 like like VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 5 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 6 thank thank VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 7 Dr. Dr. NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 8 C. C. NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 9 P. P. NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 10 Ramanarayanan Ramanarayanan NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 11 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 12 Vice Vice NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 13 - - HYPH cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 14 Chancellor Chancellor NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 15 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 16 DIAT DIAT NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 18 DU DU NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 20 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 21 Pune Pune NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 22 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 23 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 24 constant constant JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 25 encouragement encouragement NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 26 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 27 support support NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 758 28 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 2 authors author NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 3 would would MD cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 4 also also RB cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 5 like like VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 6 to to TO cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 7 acknowledge acknowledge VB cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 8 Prakash Prakash NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 9 Gore Gore NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 10 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 11 Swaroop Swaroop NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 12 Gharde Gharde NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 13 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 14 Jay Jay NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 15 Korde Korde NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 16 , , , cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 17 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 18 Rushikesh Rushikesh NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 19 Ambekar Ambekar NNP cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 20 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 21 technical technical JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 22 discussions discussion NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 23 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 24 support support NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 759 25 . . . cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 1 The the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 2 authors author NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 3 are be VBP cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 4 thankful thankful JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 5 to to IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 6 anonymous anonymous JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 7 reviewers reviewer NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 8 for for IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 9 improving improve VBG cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 10 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 11 quality quality NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 12 of of IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 13 the the DT cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 14 manuscript manuscript NN cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 15 by by IN cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 17 valuable valuable JJ cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 18 suggestions suggestion NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 19 and and CC cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 20 comments comment NNS cord-346890-4vozhns4 760 21 . . .