id sid tid token lemma pos cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 1 key key JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 2 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 3 cord-310268 cord-310268 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 4 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 5 8q4tk6fd 8q4tk6fd CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 6 authors author NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 7 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 8 Zhu Zhu NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 9 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 10 Qinchang Qinchang NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 11 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 12 Liu Liu NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 13 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 14 Ge Ge NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 15 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 16 Kai Kai NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 1 17 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 1 Masaaki Masaaki NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 2 title title NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 3 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 4 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 5 Aptamers Aptamers NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 6 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 8 Diagnosis Diagnosis NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 9 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 10 Treatment Treatment NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 11 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 12 Human Human NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 13 Diseases Diseases NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 14 date date NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 15 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 16 2015 2015 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 17 - - SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 18 11 11 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 19 - - SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 20 25 25 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 21 journal journal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 2 22 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 3 1 Molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 3 2 DOI DOI NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 3 3 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 4 1 10.3390 10.3390 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 4 2 / / SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 4 3 molecules201219739 molecules201219739 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 4 4 sha sha NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 4 5 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 5 1 8d0dc902f68228a84345abe956a41bb58ea01ef3 8d0dc902f68228a84345abe956a41bb58ea01ef3 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 5 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 5 3 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 6 1 310268 310268 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 6 2 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 6 3 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 1 8q4tk6fd 8q4tk6fd NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 2 Aptamers Aptamers NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 3 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 4 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 5 promising promising JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 6 role role NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 7 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 9 field field NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 10 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 11 life life NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 12 science science NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 14 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 15 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 16 extensively extensively RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 17 researched research VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 18 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 19 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 20 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 21 analytical analytical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 22 tools tool NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 23 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 24 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 25 agents agent NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 26 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 27 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 28 vehicles vehicle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 29 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 30 targeted target VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 31 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 32 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 7 33 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 1 Compared compare VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 2 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 5 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 6 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 7 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 8 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 9 inherent inherent JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 10 advantages advantage NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 11 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 12 stability stability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 14 facility facility NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 15 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 16 generation generation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 17 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 18 synthesis synthesis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 8 19 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 1 To to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 2 better well RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 3 understand understand VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 4 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 5 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 6 potential potential NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 7 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 8 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 9 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 10 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 11 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 12 overview overview NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 13 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 15 progress progress NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 16 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 18 generation generation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 19 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 20 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 21 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 22 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 23 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 24 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 25 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 26 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 27 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 28 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 29 therapy therapy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 30 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 31 presented present VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 32 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 33 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 34 review review NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 9 35 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 1 Special special JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 2 attention attention NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 3 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 4 given give VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 5 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 6 researches research NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 7 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 8 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 9 relatively relatively RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 10 close close JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 11 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 12 practical practical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 13 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 10 14 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 2 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 3 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 4 expected expect VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 5 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 6 have have VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 7 great great JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 8 potential potential NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 9 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 11 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 12 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 13 treatment treatment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 15 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 16 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 11 17 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 1 Aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 2 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 3 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 4 broadly broadly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 5 defined define VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 6 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 7 short short JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 8 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 9 like like IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 10 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 11 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 12 peptides peptide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 13 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 14 bind bind VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 15 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 16 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 17 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 18 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 19 extremely extremely RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 20 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 21 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 22 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 23 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 24 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 25 structural structural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 26 conformations conformation NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 12 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 1 Since since IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 3 early early JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 4 1990s 1990 NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 5 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 6 systematic systematic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 7 evolution evolution NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 8 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 9 ligands ligand NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 10 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 11 exponential exponential JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 12 enrichment enrichment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 14 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 16 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 17 similar similar JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 18 methods method NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 19 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 20 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 21 reported report VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 22 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 23 efficiently efficiently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 24 select select VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 25 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 26 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 27 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 28 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 30 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 33 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 36 3 3 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 39 4 4 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 13 41 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 14 1 Thereafter thereafter RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 14 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 14 3 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 14 4 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 14 5 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 14 6 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 14 7 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 14 8 extensively extensively RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 14 9 researched research VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 14 10 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 14 11 applied apply VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 14 12 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 1 Nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 2 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 3 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 4 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 6 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 7 single single RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 8 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 9 stranded stranded JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 11 ss ss NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 13 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 14 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 15 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 16 lengths length NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 17 typically typically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 18 ranging range VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 19 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 20 15 15 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 21 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 22 70 70 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 23 mers mer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 24 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 25 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 26 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 27 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 28 same same JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 29 level level NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 30 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 31 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 32 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 33 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 34 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 35 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 36 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 37 antibodies antibody NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 39 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 40 dissociation dissociation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 41 constant constant NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 43 K K NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 44 d d NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 46 usually usually RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 47 ranges range VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 48 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 49 0.1 0.1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 50 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 51 50 50 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 52 nM nm NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 53 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 54 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 55 5 5 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 56 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 57 6 6 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 58 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 15 59 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 1 Compared compare VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 2 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 3 antibodies antibody NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 4 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 5 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 6 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 7 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 8 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 9 many many JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 10 advantages advantage NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 11 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 13 suitability suitability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 14 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 15 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 16 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 17 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 18 industrialization industrialization NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 19 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 20 including include VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 21 almost almost RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 22 no no DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 23 immunogenicity immunogenicity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 24 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 25 efficient efficient JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 26 penetration penetration NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 27 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 28 less less JJR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 29 batch batch NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 30 variation variation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 31 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 32 easy easy JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 33 modification modification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 34 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 35 cost cost NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 36 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 37 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 38 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 39 short short JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 40 production production NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 41 times time NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 43 5 5 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 44 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 45 7 7 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 16 47 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 3 past past JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 4 25 25 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 5 years year NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 6 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 7 much much JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 8 progress progress NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 9 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 10 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 11 made make VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 12 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 14 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 15 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 16 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 17 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 18 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 19 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 20 particularly particularly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 22 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 23 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 24 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 25 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 26 agents agent NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 27 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 28 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 29 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 30 analytical analytical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 31 tools tool NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 32 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 33 vehicles vehicle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 34 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 35 targeted target VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 36 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 37 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 38 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 39 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 40 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 41 even even RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 42 genetic genetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 43 control control NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 44 devices device NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 45 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 46 5 5 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 47 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 48 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 49 8 8 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 50 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 51 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 52 9 9 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 53 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 54 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 55 10 10 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 56 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 57 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 58 11 11 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 59 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 17 60 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 1 Until until IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 2 now now RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 4 although although IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 5 only only RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 6 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 7 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 9 Macugen Macugen NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 10 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 11 Pfizer Pfizer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 12 / / SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 13 Eyetech Eyetech NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 15 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 16 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 17 approved approve VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 18 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 19 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 20 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 21 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 22 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 23 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 24 clinic clinic NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 26 12 12 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 28 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 29 ten ten CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 30 other other JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 31 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 32 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 33 being be VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 34 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 35 at at IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 36 different different JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 37 stages stage NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 38 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 39 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 40 trials trial NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 42 5 5 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 43 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 44 13 13 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 18 46 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 1 Currently currently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 4 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 5 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 6 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 8 research research NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 9 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 10 development development NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 11 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 12 expected expect VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 13 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 14 account account VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 15 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 16 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 17 largest large JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 18 share share NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 19 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 20 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 21 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 22 market market NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 19 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 2 global global JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 3 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 4 market market NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 5 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 6 estimated estimate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 7 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 8 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 9 valued value VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 10 at at IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 11 $ $ $ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 12 107.56 107.56 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 13 million million CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 14 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 15 2015 2015 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 16 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 17 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 18 reach reach VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 19 $ $ $ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 20 244.93 244.93 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 21 million million CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 22 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 23 2020 2020 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 25 14 14 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 20 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 2 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 3 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 4 expected expect VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 5 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 6 account account VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 7 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 9 largest large JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 10 share share NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 11 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 13 global global JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 14 market market NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 15 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 16 2015 2015 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 18 14 14 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 20 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 21 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 22 indicates indicate VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 23 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 24 increase increase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 25 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 26 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 27 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 28 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 29 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 30 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 21 31 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 2 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 5 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 6 functionally functionally RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 7 similar similar JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 8 but but CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 9 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 10 some some DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 11 differences difference NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 12 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 14 stability stability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 15 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 16 accessibility accessibility NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 22 17 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 1 Compared compare VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 2 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 3 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 5 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 7 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 8 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 9 chemically chemically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 10 unstable unstable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 11 because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 12 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 14 presence presence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 15 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 16 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 17 reactive reactive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 18 hydroxyl hydroxyl NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 19 group group NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 21 -OH -oh NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 23 at at IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 24 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 25 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 26 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 27 position position NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 28 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 29 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 30 ribose ribose NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 31 sugar sugar NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 32 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 33 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 34 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 23 35 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 1 This this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 2 -OH -oh NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 3 group group NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 4 easily easily RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 5 gets get VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 6 deprotonated deprotonated JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 7 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 8 solution solution NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 9 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 10 especially especially RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 11 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 12 alkaline alkaline JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 13 solutions solution NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 24 14 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 2 resulting result VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 3 anionic anionic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 4 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 5 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 6 -O´may -O´may : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 7 nucleophilically nucleophilically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 8 attack attack VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 10 phosphorus phosphorus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 11 atom atom NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 12 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 14 phosphodiester phosphodiester NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 15 linkage linkage NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 17 leading lead VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 18 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 19 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 20 hydrolysis hydrolysis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 21 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 23 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 25 15 15 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 25 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 2 nuclease nuclease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 3 resistance resistance NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 6 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 7 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 8 found find VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 9 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 10 increase increase VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 11 when when WRB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 13 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 14 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 15 -hydroxyl -hydroxyl CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 16 group group NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 17 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 18 removed remove VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 19 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 20 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 21 sugars sugar NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 22 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 25 16 16 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 26 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 27 17 17 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 26 29 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 2 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 3 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 4 less less RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 5 reactive reactive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 6 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 7 relatively relatively RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 8 stable stable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 9 because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 10 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 12 C C NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 13 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 14 H H NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 15 bonds bond NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 16 at at IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 18 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 19 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 20 position position NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 21 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 22 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 23 deoxyribose deoxyribose JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 24 sugar sugar NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 25 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 26 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 27 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 27 28 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 1 This this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 2 chemical chemical NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 3 difference difference NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 4 gives give VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 5 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 6 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 7 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 8 inherent inherent JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 9 advantage advantage NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 10 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 11 stability stability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 12 over over IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 14 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 28 15 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 2 previous previous JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 3 study study NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 4 also also RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 5 confirmed confirm VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 6 that that IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 7 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 8 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 9 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 10 much much RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 11 more more RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 12 stable stable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 13 than than IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 14 natural natural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 16 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 17 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 18 10 10 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 19 % % NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 20 fetal fetal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 21 bovine bovine JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 22 serum serum NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 24 FBS FBS NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 26 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 27 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 28 serum serum NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 30 18 18 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 29 32 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 1 That that DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 2 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 4 reason reason NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 5 why why WRB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 6 extra extra JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 7 chemical chemical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 8 modifications modification NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 9 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 10 usually usually RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 11 added add VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 12 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 14 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 15 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 16 improve improve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 18 chemical chemical NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 19 stability stability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 21 19 19 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 30 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 1 However however RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 4 should should MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 5 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 6 noted note VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 7 that that IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 9 reactivity reactivity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 10 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 12 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 14 non non JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 15 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 16 Watson Watson NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 17 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 18 Crick Crick NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 19 base base NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 20 pairing pairing NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 21 makes make VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 23 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 24 prone prone JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 25 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 26 forming form VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 27 more more RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 28 diverse diverse JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 29 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 30 complex complex JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 31 three three CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 32 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 33 dimensional dimensional JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 35 3D 3D NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 37 structures structure NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 39 20 20 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 40 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 41 21 21 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 42 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 43 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 44 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 45 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 46 helpful helpful JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 47 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 48 selecting select VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 49 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 50 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 51 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 52 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 53 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 54 specificity specificity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 55 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 56 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 57 libraries library NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 58 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 59 22 22 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 60 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 31 61 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 3 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 5 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 6 usually usually RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 7 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 8 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 10 libraries library NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 11 containing contain VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 12 longer long RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 13 randomized randomized JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 14 regions region NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 15 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 16 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 17 purpose purpose NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 18 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 19 obtaining obtain VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 20 more more RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 21 complicated complicated JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 22 structures structure NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 32 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 1 Another another DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 2 potential potential JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 3 advantage advantage NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 5 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 6 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 7 over over IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 9 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 10 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 12 relatively relatively RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 13 simple simple JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 14 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 15 process process NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 33 16 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 2 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 5 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 6 requires require VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 7 reverse reverse JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 8 transcription transcription NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 9 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 10 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 11 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 12 transcription transcription NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 13 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 14 every every DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 15 round round NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 16 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 17 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 18 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 19 as as RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 20 well well RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 21 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 22 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 23 initial initial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 24 transcription transcription NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 25 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 26 generating generate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 27 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 28 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 29 library library NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 30 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 31 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 32 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 33 library library NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 34 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 35 most most JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 36 cases case NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 38 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 39 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 40 23 23 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 34 42 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 1 But but CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 3 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 4 process process NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 5 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 6 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 7 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 8 does do VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 9 not not RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 10 require require VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 11 these these DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 12 extra extra JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 13 steps step NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 15 4 4 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 17 24 24 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 35 19 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 3 once once RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 4 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 5 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 7 cost cost NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 8 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 9 producing produce VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 10 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 11 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 12 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 13 lower low JJR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 14 than than IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 15 that that DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 16 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 18 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 36 19 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 1 Since since IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 3 first first JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 4 ssDNA ssdna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 5 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 6 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 7 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 8 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 9 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 10 thrombin thrombin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 11 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 12 1992 1992 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 14 4 4 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 17 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 18 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 19 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 20 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 21 researched research VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 22 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 23 applied apply VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 24 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 25 various various JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 26 fields field NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 27 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 28 especially especially RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 29 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 30 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 31 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 32 treatment treatment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 33 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 34 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 35 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 37 36 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 2 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 3 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 4 usually usually RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 5 explained explain VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 6 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 7 work work VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 8 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 9 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 10 similar similar JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 11 way way NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 12 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 14 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 38 15 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 1 Because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 4 potential potential JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 5 advantages advantage NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 6 described describe VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 7 above above RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 8 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 9 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 10 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 11 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 12 gained gain VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 13 increasing increase VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 14 attention attention NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 15 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 16 recent recent JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 17 years year NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 39 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 40 1 However however RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 40 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 40 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 40 4 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 40 5 seldom seldom RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 40 6 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 40 7 reviewed review VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 40 8 systematically systematically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 40 9 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 40 10 independently independently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 40 11 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 1 To to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 2 better well RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 3 understand understand VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 4 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 5 unique unique JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 6 potential potential NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 7 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 8 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 9 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 10 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 11 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 12 article article NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 13 will will MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 14 review review VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 15 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 16 recent recent JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 17 progress progress NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 18 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 19 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 20 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 21 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 22 regard regard NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 23 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 24 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 25 preparation preparation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 26 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 27 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 28 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 29 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 30 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 31 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 32 treatment treatment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 33 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 34 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 35 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 41 36 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 2 advantages advantage NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 3 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 4 remaining remain VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 5 challenges challenge NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 6 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 7 develop develop VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 8 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 9 use use VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 10 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 11 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 12 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 13 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 14 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 15 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 16 tools tool NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 17 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 18 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 19 will will MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 20 also also RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 21 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 22 discussed discuss VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 42 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 1 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 3 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 4 interactive interactive NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 5 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 6 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 7 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 8 procedure procedure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 9 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 10 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 12 basic basic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 13 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 14 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 15 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 16 engineer engineer VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 17 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 18 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 19 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 20 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 21 first first RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 22 reported report VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 23 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 24 screening screening NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 25 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 26 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 27 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 28 independently independently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 29 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 30 Ellington Ellington NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 31 's 's POS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 32 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 33 Tuerk Tuerk NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 34 's 's POS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 35 groups group NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 36 25 25 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 37 years year NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 38 ago ago RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 40 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 41 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 42 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 43 44 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 1 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 2 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 3 then then RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 4 adapted adapt VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 5 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 6 generate generate VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 7 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 8 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 9 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 10 3 3 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 11 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 12 4 4 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 44 14 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 2 principle principle NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 5 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 6 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 7 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 8 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 9 initial initial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 10 random random JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 11 ssDNA ssdna JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 12 pool pool NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 13 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 14 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 15 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 16 binding binding NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 17 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 19 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 20 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 21 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 22 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 23 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 24 under under IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 25 optimal optimal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 26 conditions condition NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 45 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 2 ssDNA ssdna JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 3 pool pool NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 4 contains contain VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 5 10 10 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 6 14 14 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 7 -10 -10 SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 8 15 15 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 9 random random JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 10 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 11 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 12 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 13 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 15 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 16 typical typical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 17 length length NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 18 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 19 15 15 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 20 - - SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 21 70 70 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 22 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 23 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 24 flanked flank VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 25 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 26 two two CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 27 constant constant JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 28 regions region NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 29 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 30 primer primer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 31 sites site NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 32 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 33 polymerase polymerase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 34 chain chain NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 35 reaction reaction NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 37 PCR PCR NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 39 amplification amplification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 46 41 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 2 unbound unbound JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 3 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 4 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 5 separated separate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 6 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 8 bound bind VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 9 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 10 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 11 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 13 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 14 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 15 bound bind VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 16 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 17 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 18 amplified amplify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 19 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 20 PCR PCR NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 47 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 2 amplified amplified JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 3 products product NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 5 double double RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 6 stranded strand VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 7 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 9 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 10 converted convert VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 11 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 12 ssDNA ssdna RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 13 through through IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 14 various various JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 15 ways way NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 17 25 25 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 19 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 20 then then RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 21 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 22 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 23 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 24 new new JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 25 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 26 pool pool NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 27 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 28 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 29 next next JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 30 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 31 round round RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 48 32 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 49 1 Enriched enriched JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 49 2 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 49 3 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 49 4 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 49 5 finally finally RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 49 6 cloned clone VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 49 7 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 49 8 identified identify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 49 9 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 49 10 sequencing sequence VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 49 11 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 1 Usually usually RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 2 after after IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 3 10 10 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 4 - - SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 5 20 20 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 6 rounds round NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 7 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 8 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 9 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 11 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 12 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 13 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 15 strongest strong JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 16 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 17 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 19 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 20 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 21 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 22 obtained obtain VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 50 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 1 Selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 3 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 4 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 5 conventional conventional JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 6 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 7 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 8 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 9 requires require VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 10 purified purify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 11 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 12 soluble soluble JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 13 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 14 proteins protein NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 51 15 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 52 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 52 2 processes process NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 52 3 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 52 4 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 52 5 obtain obtain VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 52 6 purified purify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 52 7 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 52 8 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 52 9 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 52 10 time time NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 52 11 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 52 12 consuming consume VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 52 13 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 53 1 Sometimes sometimes RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 53 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 53 3 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 53 4 difficult difficult JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 53 5 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 53 6 purify purify VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 53 7 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 53 8 proteins protein NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 53 9 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 3 sometimes sometimes RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 4 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 5 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 6 selected select VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 7 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 8 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 9 non non JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 10 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 11 native native JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 12 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 13 do do VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 14 not not RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 15 interact interact VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 16 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 18 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 19 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 20 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 21 native native JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 22 conformation conformation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 54 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 1 To to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 2 solve solve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 3 these these DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 4 problems problem NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 5 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 6 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 7 strategy strategy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 8 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 9 whole whole JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 10 live live JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 11 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 12 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 13 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 14 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 15 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 16 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 17 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 18 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 19 developed develop VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 20 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 21 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 22 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 23 known know VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 24 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 25 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 26 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 27 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 55 28 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 1 This this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 2 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 3 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 4 able able JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 5 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 6 generate generate VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 7 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 8 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 9 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 10 recognize recognize VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 12 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 13 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 14 surface surface NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 15 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 16 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 17 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 18 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 19 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 21 native native JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 22 conformation conformation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 23 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 24 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 25 shows show VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 26 great great JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 27 potential potential NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 28 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 29 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 30 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 31 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 32 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 33 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 34 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 35 applications application NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 37 26 26 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 40 27 27 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 43 28 28 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 56 45 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 1 This this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 2 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 3 first first RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 4 selects select VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 6 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 7 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 8 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 9 bind bind VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 10 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 12 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 13 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 14 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 15 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 16 positive positive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 17 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 18 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 19 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 20 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 21 then then RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 22 eliminates eliminate VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 23 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 24 non non JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 25 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 26 target target JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 27 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 28 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 29 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 30 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 31 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 32 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 33 negative negative JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 34 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 35 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 36 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 37 non non JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 38 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 39 target target JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 40 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 41 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 42 followed follow VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 43 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 44 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 45 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 46 process process NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 47 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 48 summarized summarize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 49 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 50 Figure Figure NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 51 1A 1a CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 57 52 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 1 Recently recently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 3 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 4 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 5 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 6 SELEX selex NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 7 methods method NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 8 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 9 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 10 developed develop VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 11 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 12 select select VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 13 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 14 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 15 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 16 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 17 like like IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 18 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 19 state state NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 20 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 21 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 22 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 23 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 58 24 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 2 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 3 stimulus stimulus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 4 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 5 response response NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 6 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 7 - - : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 8 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 9 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 10 29 29 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 11 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 12 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 13 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 14 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 15 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 16 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 17 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 18 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 20 30 30 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 59 22 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 1 To to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 2 shorten shorten VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 4 time time NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 5 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 6 conventional conventional JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 7 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 8 - - : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 9 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 10 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 11 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 12 two two CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 13 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 14 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 15 stimulus stimulus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 16 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 17 response response NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 18 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 19 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 20 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 21 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 22 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 23 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 24 developed develop VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 25 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 26 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 27 utilizes utilize VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 28 asymmetric asymmetric JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 29 PCR PCR NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 30 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 31 streptavidin streptavidin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 32 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 33 biotin biotin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 34 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 35 separation separation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 36 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 37 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 38 generation generation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 39 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 40 single single RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 41 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 42 stranded strand VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 43 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 44 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 45 reduce reduce VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 46 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 47 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 48 cycle cycle NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 49 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 50 two two CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 51 steps step NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 52 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 53 29 29 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 54 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 60 55 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 1 Competitive competitive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 2 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 3 - - : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 4 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 5 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 6 another another DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 7 approach approach NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 8 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 9 improve improve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 10 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 11 efficiency efficiency NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 12 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 13 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 14 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 15 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 16 utilizes utilize VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 17 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 18 nitrocellulose nitrocellulose JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 19 membrane membrane NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 20 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 21 contains contain VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 22 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 23 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 24 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 25 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 26 negative negative JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 27 control control NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 28 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 29 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 30 select select VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 31 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 32 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 34 31 31 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 61 36 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 1 This this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 2 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 3 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 4 reduce reduce VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 6 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 7 time time NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 8 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 9 since since IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 11 negative negative JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 12 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 13 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 14 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 15 not not RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 16 required require VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 62 17 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 2 conventional conventional JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 3 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 4 procedure procedure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 5 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 6 time time NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 7 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 8 consuming consume VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 9 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 10 requires require VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 11 several several JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 12 steps step NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 13 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 14 obtain obtain VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 15 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 16 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 17 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 18 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 63 19 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 1 To to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 2 effectively effectively RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 3 generate generate VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 4 highly highly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 5 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 6 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 8 several several JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 9 novel novel JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 10 methods method NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 11 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 12 different different JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 13 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 14 approaches approach NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 15 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 16 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 17 developed develop VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 64 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 1 Combining combine VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 2 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 3 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 4 other other JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 5 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 6 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 7 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 8 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 10 most most RBS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 11 effective effective JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 12 ways way NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 13 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 14 further further RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 15 improve improve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 16 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 17 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 18 efficiency efficiency NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 19 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 20 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 21 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 22 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 23 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 24 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 65 25 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 1 For for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 2 example example NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 4 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 5 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 6 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 7 coupled couple VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 8 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 9 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 10 silico silico NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 11 maturation maturation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 12 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 13 developed develop VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 14 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 15 improve improve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 16 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 17 specificity specificity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 19 31 31 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 66 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 2 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 3 consists consist VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 5 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 6 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 7 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 8 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 9 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 10 post post NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 11 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 12 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 13 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 14 silico silico NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 15 process process NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 16 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 17 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 18 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 19 screening screening NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 67 20 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 1 After after IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 3 normal normal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 4 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 5 - - : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 6 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 8 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 9 extra extra JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 10 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 11 silico silico NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 12 process process NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 13 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 14 performed perform VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 15 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 16 further further RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 17 evolve evolve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 18 improved improve VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 19 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 20 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 21 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 22 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 23 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 24 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 25 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 26 through through IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 27 successive successive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 28 rounds round NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 29 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 30 sequence sequence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 31 shuffling shuffling NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 32 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 33 random random JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 34 mutation mutation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 35 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 36 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 37 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 38 genetic genetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 39 algorithm algorithm NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 68 40 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 1 This this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 2 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 3 followed follow VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 4 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 5 in in FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 6 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 7 functional functional JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 8 screening screening NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 9 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 10 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 11 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 12 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 13 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 14 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 15 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 16 shuffling shuffling NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 17 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 18 mutated mutated JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 19 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 69 20 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 1 This this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 2 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 3 permits permit VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 4 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 5 evolution evolution NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 6 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 7 functionally functionally RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 8 enhanced enhance VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 9 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 10 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 11 recognizing recognize VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 12 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 13 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 14 interest interest NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 70 15 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 2 addition addition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 3 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 4 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 5 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 6 like like JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 7 methods method NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 8 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 9 other other JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 10 methods method NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 11 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 12 also also RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 13 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 71 14 developed develop VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 1 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 2 magnetic magnetic RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 4 assisted assisted JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 5 rapid rapid JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 6 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 7 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 9 MARAS MARAS NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 11 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 12 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 13 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 14 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 15 uses use VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 16 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 17 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 18 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 19 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 20 externally externally RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 21 applied apply VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 22 rotating rotate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 23 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 24 field field NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 25 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 26 provide provide VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 27 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 28 competitive competitive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 29 mechanism mechanism NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 30 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 31 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 32 rapid rapid JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 33 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 34 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 35 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 36 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 37 different different JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 38 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 39 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 40 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 41 molecular molecular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 42 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 43 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 44 summarized summarize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 45 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 46 Figure figure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 47 1B 1b CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 48 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 49 32 32 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 50 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 51 33 33 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 52 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 72 53 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 1 This this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 2 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 3 uses use VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 4 biofunctionalized biofunctionalize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 5 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 6 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 7 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 8 separate separate VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 9 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 10 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 11 bound bind VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 12 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 13 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 14 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 15 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 16 library library NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 17 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 18 selecting select VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 19 those those DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 20 interactions interaction NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 21 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 22 survive survive VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 23 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 24 disruptive disruptive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 25 force force NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 26 generated generate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 27 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 28 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 29 movement movement NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 30 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 31 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 32 particles particle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 33 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 34 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 35 externally externally RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 36 applied apply VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 37 rotating rotate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 38 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 39 field field NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 73 40 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 2 abandons abandon VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 4 multi multi JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 5 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 6 cycle cycle JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 7 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 8 process process NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 9 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 10 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 11 conventional conventional JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 12 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 14 thus thus RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 15 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 16 achieve achieve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 17 rapid rapid JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 18 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 20 completed complete VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 21 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 22 less less JJR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 23 than than IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 24 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 25 hour hour NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 74 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 2 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 4 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 5 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 6 approach approach NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 7 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 8 another another DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 9 promising promising JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 10 way way NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 11 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 12 increase increase VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 14 rate rate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 15 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 16 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 17 generation generation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 75 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 1 Recently recently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 3 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 4 rapid rapid JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 5 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 6 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 7 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 8 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 9 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 10 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 11 developed develop VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 12 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 13 select select VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 14 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 15 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 16 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 17 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 18 only only RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 19 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 20 PCR PCR NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 21 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 22 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 23 summarized summarize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 24 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 25 Figure figure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 26 1C 1c CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 28 34 34 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 76 30 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 2 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 3 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 4 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 5 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 6 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 7 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 8 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 9 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 10 glass glass NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 11 coverslip coverslip NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 12 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 13 subjected subject VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 14 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 15 carboxyfluorescein carboxyfluorescein NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 17 FAM)-labeled fam)-labele VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 18 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 19 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 20 pool pool NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 21 binding binding NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 22 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 23 extensive extensive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 24 washing washing NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 25 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 26 microscopy microscopy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 27 examination examination NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 28 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 29 followed follow VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 30 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 31 PCR PCR NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 32 enrichment enrichment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 33 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 34 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 35 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 36 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 77 37 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 2 control control NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 3 experiment experiment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 4 used use VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 5 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 6 labeled label VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 7 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 8 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 9 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 10 labeled label VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 11 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 12 library library NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 13 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 14 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 15 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 16 make make VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 17 sure sure JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 19 specificity specificity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 20 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 21 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 22 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 78 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 3 overlay overlay NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 4 image image NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 5 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 7 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 8 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 9 labeled label VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 10 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 11 Alexa Alexa NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 12 Fluor Fluor NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 13 555 555 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 15 red red JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 16 color color NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 18 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 19 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 20 bound bind VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 21 FAM FAM NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 22 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 23 labeled label VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 24 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 25 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 27 green green JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 28 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 30 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 31 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 32 orange orange JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 33 color color NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 34 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 35 observed observe VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 36 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 37 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 38 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 39 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 40 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 79 41 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 1 Although although IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 3 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 4 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 5 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 6 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 7 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 8 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 10 current current JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 11 version version NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 12 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 14 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 15 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 16 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 17 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 18 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 19 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 20 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 21 low low JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 22 micromolar micromolar JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 23 range range NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 24 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 26 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 27 believed believe VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 28 that that IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 29 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 30 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 31 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 32 further further RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 33 improved improve VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 34 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 35 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 36 larger large JJR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 37 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 38 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 39 increasing increase VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 40 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 41 stringency stringency NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 42 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 43 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 44 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 45 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 46 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 47 combining combine VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 48 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 49 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 50 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 51 capillary capillary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 52 electrophoresis electrophoresis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 53 separation separation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 80 54 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 1 This this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 2 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 3 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 4 described describe VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 5 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 6 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 7 user user NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 8 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 9 friendly friendly JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 10 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 11 low low JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 12 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 13 cost cost NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 14 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 15 easy easy JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 16 way way NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 17 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 18 select select VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 19 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 20 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 81 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 2 particular particular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 4 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 5 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 6 allows allow VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 8 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 9 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 10 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 11 chemically chemically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 12 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 13 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 14 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 15 library library NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 16 directly directly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 17 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 19 requires require VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 20 only only RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 21 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 22 PCR PCR NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 23 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 82 24 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 3 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 4 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 5 microarray microarray NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 6 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 7 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 8 utilized utilize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 9 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 10 achieve achieve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 11 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 12 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 13 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 14 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 15 identification identification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 17 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 18 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 19 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 20 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 21 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 22 interest interest NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 23 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 24 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 25 produced produce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 26 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 27 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 28 arrays array NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 29 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 30 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 31 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 32 PCR PCR NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 33 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 34 cloning cloning NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 35 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 36 sequencing sequencing NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 37 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 38 not not RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 39 required require VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 41 35 35 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 42 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 43 36 36 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 83 45 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 1 Molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 2 2015 2015 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 4 20 20 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 5 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 6 page page NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 7 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 8 page page NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 9 4 4 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 10 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 11 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 13 current current JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 14 version version NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 15 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 16 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 17 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 18 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 19 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 20 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 21 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 22 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 23 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 24 low low JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 25 micromolar micromolar JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 26 range range NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 27 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 28 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 29 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 30 believed believe VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 31 that that IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 32 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 33 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 34 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 35 further further RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 36 improved improve VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 37 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 38 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 39 larger large JJR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 40 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 41 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 42 increasing increase VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 43 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 44 stringency stringency NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 45 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 46 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 47 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 48 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 49 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 50 combining combine VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 51 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 52 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 53 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 54 capillary capillary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 55 electrophoresis electrophoresis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 56 separation separation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 84 57 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 1 This this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 2 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 3 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 4 described describe VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 5 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 6 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 7 user user NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 8 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 9 friendly friendly JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 10 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 11 low low JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 12 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 13 cost cost NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 14 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 15 easy easy JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 16 way way NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 17 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 18 select select VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 19 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 20 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 85 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 2 particular particular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 4 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 5 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 6 allows allow VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 8 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 9 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 10 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 11 chemically chemically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 12 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 13 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 14 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 15 library library NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 16 directly directly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 17 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 19 requires require VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 20 only only RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 21 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 22 PCR PCR NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 23 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 86 24 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 3 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 4 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 5 microarray microarray NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 6 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 7 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 8 utilized utilize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 9 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 10 achieve achieve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 11 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 12 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 13 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 14 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 15 identification identification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 17 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 18 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 19 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 20 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 21 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 22 interest interest NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 23 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 24 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 25 produced produce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 26 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 27 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 28 arrays array NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 29 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 30 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 31 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 32 PCR PCR NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 33 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 34 cloning cloning NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 35 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 36 sequencing sequencing NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 37 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 38 not not RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 39 required require VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 41 35 35 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 42 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 43 36 36 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 87 45 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 88 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 88 2 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 88 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 88 4 coated coat VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 88 5 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 88 6 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 88 7 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 88 8 incubated incubate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 88 9 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 88 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 88 11 ssDNA ssdna JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 88 12 pool pool NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 88 13 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 2 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 3 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 4 bound bound JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 5 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 6 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 7 then then RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 8 separated separate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 9 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 11 unbound unbound JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 12 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 13 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 14 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 15 U u NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 16 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 17 shaped shape VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 18 magnet magnet NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 19 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 20 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 21 stand stand NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 89 22 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 1 After after IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 2 re re NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 3 - - NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 4 dispersion dispersion NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 5 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 7 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 8 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 9 put put VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 10 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 11 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 12 externally externally RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 13 applied apply VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 14 rotating rotate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 15 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 16 alternating alternate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 17 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 18 field field NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 90 19 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 1 During during IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 2 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 3 process process NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 4 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 6 weak weak JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 7 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 8 non non JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 9 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 10 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 11 binding binding NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 12 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 13 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 14 released release VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 15 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 16 separated separate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 91 17 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 2 strong strong RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 4 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 5 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 6 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 7 finally finally RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 8 released release VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 9 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 11 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 12 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 13 heating heating NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 14 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 15 then then RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 16 incubated incubate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 17 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 19 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 20 without without IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 21 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 22 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 23 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 24 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 25 negative negative JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 26 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 92 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 2 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 3 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 4 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 5 amplified amplify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 6 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 7 cloned clone VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 8 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 9 sequenced sequence VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 10 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 11 usual usual JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 12 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 14 C c NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 16 One one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 17 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 18 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 19 Selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 93 20 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 2 FAM FAM NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 4 labeled label VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 5 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 6 library library NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 7 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 8 incubated incubate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 9 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 10 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 11 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 12 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 13 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 14 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 15 glass glass NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 16 coverslip coverslip NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 17 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 18 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 19 coated coat VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 20 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 21 N n NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 22 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 23 hydroxysuccinimide hydroxysuccinimide NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 25 NHS NHS NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 27 functionalized functionalize VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 28 polyethylene polyethylene NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 29 glycol glycol NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 31 PEG PEG NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 94 33 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 1 Unbound unbound JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 2 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 3 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 4 discarded discard VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 5 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 6 extensive extensive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 7 washing washing NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 8 followed follow VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 9 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 10 monitoring monitor VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 11 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 12 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 13 microscopy microscopy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 95 14 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 2 coverslip coverslip NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 3 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 4 later later RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 5 crushed crush VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 6 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 8 bound bound JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 9 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 10 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 11 eluted elute VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 12 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 13 heating heat VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 14 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 15 water water NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 96 16 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 97 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 97 2 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 97 3 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 97 4 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 97 5 amplified amplify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 97 6 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 97 7 cloned clone VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 97 8 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 97 9 sequenced sequence VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 97 10 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 97 11 usual usual JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 97 12 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 2 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 3 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 4 well well RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 5 known know VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 6 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 7 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 8 more more RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 9 stable stable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 10 than than IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 12 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 13 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 14 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 15 allows allow VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 16 them -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 17 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 18 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 19 readily readily RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 20 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 21 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 22 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 23 primary primary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 24 stage stage NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 25 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 26 developing develop VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 27 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 28 tools tool NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 98 29 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 1 However however RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 4 degradation degradation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 5 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 6 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 7 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 8 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 9 nuclease nuclease NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 10 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 11 still still RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 12 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 13 serious serious JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 14 problem problem NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 15 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 16 limits limit VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 18 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 19 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 20 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 21 when when WRB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 23 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 24 subjected subject VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 25 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 26 complicated complicated JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 27 biological biological JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 28 samples sample NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 99 29 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 100 1 To to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 100 2 improve improve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 100 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 100 4 nuclease nuclease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 100 5 resistance resistance NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 100 6 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 100 7 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 100 8 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 100 9 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 1 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 2 Those those DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 3 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 4 do do VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 5 not not RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 6 bind bind VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 7 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 8 negative negative JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 9 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 10 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 11 retained retain VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 12 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 13 amplified amplify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 14 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 15 PCR PCR NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 101 16 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 102 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 102 2 PCR PCR NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 102 3 products product NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 102 4 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 102 5 separated separate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 102 6 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 102 7 ssDNA ssdna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 102 8 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 102 9 further further JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 102 10 rounds round NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 102 11 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 1 After after IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 2 10 10 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 3 - - SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 4 20 20 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 5 cycles cycle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 6 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 8 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 9 ssDNAs ssdna NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 10 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 11 cloned clone VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 12 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 13 sequenced sequence VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 14 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 15 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 16 identification identification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 17 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 19 B b NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 21 Magnetic Magnetic NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 22 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 23 assisted assist VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 24 rapid rapid JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 25 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 26 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 28 MARAS MARAS NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 103 30 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 104 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 104 2 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 104 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 104 4 coated coat VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 104 5 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 104 6 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 104 7 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 104 8 incubated incubate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 104 9 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 104 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 104 11 ssDNA ssdna JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 104 12 pool pool NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 104 13 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 2 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 3 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 4 bound bound JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 5 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 6 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 7 then then RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 8 separated separate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 9 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 11 unbound unbound JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 12 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 13 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 14 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 15 U u NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 16 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 17 shaped shape VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 18 magnet magnet NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 19 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 20 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 21 stand stand NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 105 22 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 1 After after IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 2 re re NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 3 - - NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 4 dispersion dispersion NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 5 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 7 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 8 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 9 put put VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 10 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 11 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 12 externally externally RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 13 applied apply VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 14 rotating rotate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 15 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 16 alternating alternate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 17 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 18 field field NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 106 19 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 1 During during IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 2 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 3 process process NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 4 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 6 weak weak JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 7 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 8 non non JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 9 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 10 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 11 binding binding NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 12 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 13 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 14 released release VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 15 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 16 separated separate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 107 17 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 2 strong strong RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 4 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 5 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 6 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 7 finally finally RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 8 released release VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 9 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 11 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 12 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 13 heating heating NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 14 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 15 then then RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 16 incubated incubate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 17 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 19 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 20 without without IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 21 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 22 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 23 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 24 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 25 negative negative JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 26 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 108 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 2 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 3 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 4 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 5 amplified amplify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 6 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 7 cloned clone VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 8 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 9 sequenced sequence VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 10 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 11 usual usual JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 12 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 14 C c NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 16 One one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 17 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 18 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 19 Selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 109 20 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 2 FAM FAM NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 4 labeled label VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 5 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 6 library library NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 7 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 8 incubated incubate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 9 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 10 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 11 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 12 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 13 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 14 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 15 glass glass NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 16 coverslip coverslip NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 17 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 18 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 19 coated coat VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 20 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 21 N n NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 22 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 23 hydroxysuccinimide hydroxysuccinimide NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 25 NHS NHS NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 27 functionalized functionalize VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 28 polyethylene polyethylene NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 29 glycol glycol NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 31 PEG PEG NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 110 33 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 1 Unbound unbound JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 2 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 3 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 4 discarded discard VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 5 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 6 extensive extensive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 7 washing washing NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 8 followed follow VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 9 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 10 monitoring monitor VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 11 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 12 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 13 microscopy microscopy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 111 14 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 2 coverslip coverslip NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 3 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 4 later later RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 5 crushed crush VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 6 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 8 bound bound JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 9 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 10 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 11 eluted elute VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 12 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 13 heating heat VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 14 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 15 water water NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 112 16 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 113 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 113 2 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 113 3 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 113 4 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 113 5 amplified amplify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 113 6 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 113 7 cloned clone VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 113 8 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 113 9 sequenced sequence VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 113 10 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 113 11 usual usual JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 113 12 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 2 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 3 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 4 well well RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 5 known know VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 6 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 7 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 8 more more RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 9 stable stable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 10 than than IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 12 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 13 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 14 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 15 allows allow VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 16 them -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 17 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 18 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 19 readily readily RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 20 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 21 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 22 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 23 primary primary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 24 stage stage NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 25 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 26 developing develop VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 27 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 28 tools tool NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 114 29 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 1 However however RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 4 degradation degradation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 5 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 6 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 7 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 8 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 9 nuclease nuclease NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 10 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 11 still still RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 12 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 13 serious serious JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 14 problem problem NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 15 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 16 limits limit VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 18 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 19 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 20 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 21 when when WRB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 23 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 24 subjected subject VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 25 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 26 complicated complicated JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 27 biological biological JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 28 samples sample NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 115 29 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 1 To to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 2 improve improve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 4 nuclease nuclease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 5 resistance resistance NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 6 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 7 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 8 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 9 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 10 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 11 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 13 effective effective JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 14 solutions solution NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 15 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 16 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 17 use use VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 18 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 19 library library NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 20 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 21 chemically chemically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 22 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 23 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 24 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 25 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 26 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 27 screening screening NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 28 process process NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 116 29 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 2 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 3 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 4 library library NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 5 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 6 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 7 prepared prepare VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 8 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 9 PCR PCR NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 10 amplification amplification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 11 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 12 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 13 polymerase polymerase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 14 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 15 catalysis catalysis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 16 reactions reaction NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 17 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 18 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 19 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 20 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 22 37 37 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 23 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 24 38 38 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 117 26 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 1 Modification modification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 5 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 6 also also RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 7 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 8 performed perform VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 9 after after IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 11 in in FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 12 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 13 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 14 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 15 natural natural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 16 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 17 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 18 library library NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 118 19 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 1 Modifications modification NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 4 sugar sugar NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 5 phosphate phosphate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 6 backbone backbone NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 7 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 9 pyrimidine pyrimidine NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 10 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 12 strategies strategy NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 13 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 14 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 15 increase increase VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 16 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 17 stability stability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 18 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 19 nuclease nuclease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 20 resistance resistance NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 21 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 22 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 24 38 38 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 27 39 39 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 30 40 40 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 119 32 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 1 Capping cap VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 3 end end NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 5 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 6 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 7 also also RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 8 utilized utilize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 9 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 10 enhance enhance VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 11 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 12 stability stability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 13 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 14 nucleases nuclease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 16 41 41 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 120 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 121 1 Incorporation incorporation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 121 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 121 3 unnatural unnatural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 121 4 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 121 5 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 121 6 another another DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 121 7 approach approach NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 121 8 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 121 9 overcome overcome VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 121 10 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 121 11 instability instability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 121 12 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 1 Locked lock VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 2 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 3 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 5 LNA LNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 7 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 8 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 9 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 11 most most RBS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 12 prominent prominent JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 14 successful successful JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 15 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 16 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 17 analogues analogue NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 18 because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 19 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 21 pronounced pronounce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 22 stability stability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 24 42 42 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 27 43 43 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 30 44 44 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 122 32 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 1 Generation generation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 3 " " `` cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 4 mirror mirror NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 5 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 6 " " '' cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 8 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 9 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 10 also also RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 11 known know VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 12 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 13 spiegelmers spiegelmer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 14 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 15 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 16 another another DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 17 approach approach NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 18 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 19 improve improve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 20 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 21 stability stability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 22 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 23 nucleases nuclease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 25 45 45 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 123 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 1 Generation generation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 3 highly highly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 4 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 5 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 6 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 7 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 8 long long JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 9 lifetime lifetime NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 10 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 11 very very RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 12 important important JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 13 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 14 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 15 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 16 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 124 17 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 1 Because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 2 most most JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 3 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 5 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 6 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 7 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 8 molecular molecular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 9 weight weight NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 11 ranging range VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 12 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 13 5 5 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 14 - - SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 15 15 15 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 16 kDa kDa NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 18 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 19 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 20 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 21 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 22 readily readily RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 23 removed remove VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 24 via via IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 25 renal renal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 26 filtration filtration NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 27 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 28 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 29 processes process NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 30 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 31 limiting limit VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 32 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 33 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 34 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 125 35 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 1 One one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 4 effective effective JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 5 ways way NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 6 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 7 control control VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 9 lifetime lifetime NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 10 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 11 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 12 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 13 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 14 vivo vivo NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 15 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 16 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 17 conjugate conjugate VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 19 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 20 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 21 bioavailable bioavailable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 22 materials material NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 126 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 1 Conjugation conjugation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 3 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 5 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 6 polyethylene polyethylene NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 7 glycol glycol NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 9 PEG PEG NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 11 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 12 commonly commonly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 13 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 14 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 15 prolong prolong VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 17 circulation circulation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 18 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 19 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 20 bloodstream bloodstream NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 22 46 46 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 23 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 24 47 47 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 127 26 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 1 Coating coating NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 3 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 4 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 5 other other JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 6 nanomaterials nanomaterial NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 7 such such JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 8 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 9 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 11 48 48 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 12 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 13 49 49 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 14 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 15 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 16 liposomes liposome VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 18 50 50 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 20 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 21 copolymers copolymer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 23 51 51 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 25 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 26 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 27 successfully successfully RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 28 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 29 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 30 improve improve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 31 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 32 lifetime lifetime NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 33 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 34 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 35 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 128 36 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 1 Once once RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 2 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 3 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 4 bind bind VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 5 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 6 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 7 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 8 related relate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 9 biomarkers biomarker NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 10 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 11 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 12 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 13 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 14 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 15 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 16 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 17 developed develop VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 18 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 19 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 20 through through IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 21 chemical chemical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 22 modification modification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 23 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 24 luminophores luminophore NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 25 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 26 linkage linkage NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 27 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 28 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 29 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 30 various various JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 31 formats format NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 33 52 52 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 129 35 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 1 For for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 2 example example NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 4 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 5 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 6 earlier early JJR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 7 study study NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 8 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 9 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 10 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 11 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 12 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 13 Bacillus Bacillus NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 14 anthracic anthracic NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 15 spores spore NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 16 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 17 developed develop VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 18 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 19 detect detect VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 20 anthrax anthrax NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 21 spores spore NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 22 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 23 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 24 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 25 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 26 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 27 bead bead NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 28 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 29 electrochemiluminescence electrochemiluminescence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 31 AM AM NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 32 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 33 ECL ECL NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 35 sandwich sandwich NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 36 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 38 53 53 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 130 40 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 2 Dynal Dynal NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 3 M-280 m-280 NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 4 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 5 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 6 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 7 covered cover VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 8 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 10 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 11 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 12 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 13 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 15 capturer capturer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 16 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 17 capture capture VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 19 spores spore NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 20 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 21 while while IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 22 another another DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 23 biotinylated biotinylated JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 24 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 25 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 26 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 27 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 28 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 29 reporter reporter NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 30 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 31 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 32 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 33 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 34 finally finally RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 35 transduced transduce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 36 through through IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 37 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 38 streptavidin streptavidin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 39 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 40 Ru(bpy ru(bpy ADD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 131 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 132 1 3 3 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 132 2 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 132 3 + + CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 132 4 ECL ECL NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 132 5 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 1 Since since IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 3 first first JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 4 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 5 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 6 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 7 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 8 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 9 dozens dozen NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 10 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 11 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 12 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 13 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 14 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 15 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 16 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 18 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 19 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 20 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 21 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 22 related relate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 23 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 133 24 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 1 Although although IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 2 there there EX cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 3 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 4 no no DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 5 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 6 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 7 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 8 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 9 tools tool NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 10 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 11 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 12 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 13 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 14 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 15 at at IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 16 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 17 moment moment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 18 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 19 many many JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 20 preclinical preclinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 21 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 22 indicate indicate VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 23 that that IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 24 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 25 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 26 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 27 great great JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 28 potential potential NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 29 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 30 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 31 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 32 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 33 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 34 way way NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 134 35 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 1 To to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 2 profile profile VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 4 features feature NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 5 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 6 recent recent JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 7 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 8 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 9 use use VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 10 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 11 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 12 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 13 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 14 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 15 tool tool NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 16 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 17 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 18 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 19 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 20 we -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 21 listed list VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 22 some some DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 23 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 24 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 25 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 26 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 27 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 28 purpose purpose NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 29 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 30 Table Table NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 31 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 32 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 33 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 34 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 35 special special JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 36 attention attention NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 37 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 38 parameters parameter NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 39 like like IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 40 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 41 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 42 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 43 specificity specificity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 44 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 45 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 46 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 47 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 48 great great JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 49 impact impact NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 50 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 51 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 52 potential potential NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 53 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 54 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 55 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 135 56 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 2 theory theory NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 5 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 6 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 7 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 8 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 9 developing develop VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 10 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 11 tools tool NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 12 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 13 various various JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 14 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 15 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 16 as as RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 17 long long RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 18 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 19 definite definite JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 20 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 21 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 22 such such JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 23 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 24 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 25 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 26 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 27 biomarkers biomarker NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 28 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 29 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 30 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 31 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 32 available available JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 136 33 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 1 To to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 2 date date NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 4 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 5 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 6 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 7 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 8 explored explore VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 9 mainly mainly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 10 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 12 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 13 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 14 infectious infectious JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 15 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 17 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 18 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 19 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 20 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 137 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 1 Because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 4 convenience convenience NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 5 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 6 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 7 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 8 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 9 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 10 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 11 does do VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 12 not not RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 13 require require VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 14 preparation preparation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 15 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 16 purification purification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 17 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 18 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 19 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 20 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 21 many many JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 22 reported report VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 23 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 24 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 25 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 26 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 27 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 28 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 29 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 30 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 31 aiming aim VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 32 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 33 diagnose diagnose VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 34 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 35 image image VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 36 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 37 tissue tissue NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 138 38 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 1 These these DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 2 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 3 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 4 include include VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 5 pancreatic pancreatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 6 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 7 54 54 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 8 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 9 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 10 colon colon NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 12 30 30 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 14 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 15 liver liver NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 17 55 55 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 18 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 19 56 56 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 21 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 22 cholangio cholangio VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 24 57 57 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 26 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 27 gastric gastric JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 29 58 58 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 30 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 31 59 59 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 33 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 34 prostate prostate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 36 27 27 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 38 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 39 breast breast NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 41 60 60 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 42 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 43 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 44 glioblastoma glioblastoma NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 45 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 46 61 61 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 47 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 48 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 49 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 139 50 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 1 Usually usually RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 4 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 5 consists consist VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 6 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 7 positive positive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 8 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 9 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 10 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 11 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 12 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 13 negative negative JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 14 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 15 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 16 normal normal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 17 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 18 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 19 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 20 same same JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 21 organs organ NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 22 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 23 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 24 described describe VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 25 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 26 Section section NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 27 2.2.3 2.2.3 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 140 28 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 2 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 3 worth worth JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 4 noting note VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 5 that that IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 6 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 7 because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 9 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 10 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 11 monitoring monitoring NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 12 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 13 metastasis metastasis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 15 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 16 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 17 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 18 important important JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 19 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 20 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 21 treatment treatment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 22 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 23 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 24 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 25 several several JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 26 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 27 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 28 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 29 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 30 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 31 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 32 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 33 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 34 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 35 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 36 negatively negatively RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 37 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 38 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 39 non non JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 40 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 41 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 42 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 43 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 45 27 27 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 46 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 47 30 30 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 48 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 49 60 60 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 50 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 141 51 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 1 Target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 2 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 3 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 4 dissociation dissociation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 6 AuNP aunp NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 8 0.5 0.5 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 9 µM µm CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 10 100 100 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 11 % % NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 13 n n NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 14 = = SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 15 3 3 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 16 amino amino JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 17 acids acid NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 20 73 73 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 142 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 143 1 ns ns UH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 143 2 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 143 3 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 143 4 non non JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 143 5 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 143 6 specified specified JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 143 7 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 144 1 For for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 144 2 example example NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 144 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 144 4 Li Li NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 144 5 et et NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 144 6 al al NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 144 7 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 1 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 3 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 4 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 5 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 6 colon colon NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 7 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 8 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 9 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 10 SW620 SW620 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 11 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 12 derived derive VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 13 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 14 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 15 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 16 site site NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 17 lymph lymph NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 18 node node NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 19 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 20 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 21 positive positive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 22 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 23 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 24 SW480 SW480 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 25 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 26 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 27 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 28 primary primary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 29 colon colon NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 30 adenocarcinoma adenocarcinoma NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 31 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 32 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 33 same same JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 34 patient patient NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 35 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 36 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 37 negative negative JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 38 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 40 30 30 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 145 42 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 2 resulting result VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 3 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 5 XL-33 XL-33 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 7 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 8 found find VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 9 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 10 possess possess VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 11 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 12 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 13 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 15 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 16 colon colon NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 17 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 18 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 20 K k NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 21 d d NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 22 = = SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 23 0.7 0.7 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 24 nM nm NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 146 26 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 2 truncated truncated JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 3 form form NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 5 XL-33 XL-33 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 6 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 7 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 9 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 10 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 11 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 12 image image VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 14 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 15 tissue tissue NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 16 after after IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 17 labeling label VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 18 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 19 fluorescein fluorescein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 20 amidite amidite JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 22 FAM FAM NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 24 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 25 displaying display VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 26 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 27 81.7 81.7 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 28 % % NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 29 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 30 rate rate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 31 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 32 colon colon NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 33 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 34 tissue tissue NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 35 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 36 metastasis metastasis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 37 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 38 regional regional JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 39 lymph lymph NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 40 nodes node NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 41 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 42 66.7 66.7 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 43 % % NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 44 specificity specificity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 45 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 46 nonmetastatic nonmetastatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 47 colon colon NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 48 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 49 tissue tissue NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 147 50 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 2 biomarker biomarker NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 3 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 4 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 5 specifically specifically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 6 express express VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 7 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 8 overexpress overexpres VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 9 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 11 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 12 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 13 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 14 also also RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 15 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 16 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 18 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 19 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 20 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 21 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 22 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 148 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 2 addition addition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 3 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 4 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 5 previously previously RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 6 known know VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 7 prostate prostate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 8 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 9 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 10 membrane membrane NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 11 antigen antigen NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 13 PSMA PSMA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 16 74 74 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 18 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 19 mucin mucin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 20 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 22 MUC1 MUC1 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 25 75 75 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 27 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 28 other other JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 29 biomarkers biomarker NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 30 like like IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 31 epidermal epidermal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 32 growth growth NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 33 factor factor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 34 receptor receptor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 35 variant variant NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 36 III III NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 38 EGFRvIII EGFRvIII NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 41 62 62 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 42 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 43 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 44 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 45 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 46 adhesion adhesion NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 47 molecule molecule NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 49 EpCAM EpCAM NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 149 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 150 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 150 2 63 63 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 150 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 150 4 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 150 5 vascular vascular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 150 6 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 150 7 growth growth NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 150 8 factor factor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 2 VEGF165 vegf165 NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 5 64 64 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 7 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 8 also also RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 9 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 10 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 11 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 12 select select VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 13 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 14 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 15 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 16 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 17 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 151 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 1 By by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 2 directly directly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 3 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 4 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 5 biomarkers biomarker NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 6 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 7 select select VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 8 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 9 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 10 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 11 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 12 recognized recognize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 13 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 14 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 15 you -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 16 obtain obtain VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 17 highly highly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 18 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 19 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 20 affinitive affinitive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 21 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 22 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 23 but but CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 24 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 25 potential potential JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 26 risk risk NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 27 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 28 that that IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 29 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 30 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 31 might may MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 32 not not RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 33 recognize recognize VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 34 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 35 natural natural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 36 biomarkers biomarker NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 37 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 38 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 39 surface surface NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 40 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 41 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 42 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 43 because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 44 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 45 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 46 difference difference NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 47 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 48 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 49 3D 3d JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 50 structure structure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 51 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 52 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 53 purified purify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 54 biomarkers biomarker NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 55 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 56 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 57 natural natural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 58 biomarkers biomarker NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 152 59 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 1 For for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 3 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 5 infectious infectious JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 6 agents agent NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 8 lots lot NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 9 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 10 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 11 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 12 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 13 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 14 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 15 predominantly predominantly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 16 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 17 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 18 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 19 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 20 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 21 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 22 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 23 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 24 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 25 methods method NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 26 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 27 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 28 various various JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 29 viruses virus NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 30 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 31 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 32 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 33 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 34 antigen antigen NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 35 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 37 6 6 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 39 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 40 including include VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 41 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 42 such such JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 43 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 44 norovirus norovirus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 45 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 46 influenza influenza NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 47 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 48 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 49 severe severe JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 50 acute acute JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 51 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 52 syndrome syndrome NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 53 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 54 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 55 SARS SARS NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 56 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 57 CoV CoV NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 59 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 60 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 61 C C NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 62 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 63 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 64 HCV HCV NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 65 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 66 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 67 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 68 B B NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 69 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 70 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 71 HBV HBV NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 72 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 73 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 74 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 75 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 76 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 77 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 78 HIV HIV NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 79 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 80 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 81 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 82 papillomavirus papillomavirus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 83 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 84 HPV HPV NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 85 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 86 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 87 salmonella salmonella NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 88 typhimurium typhimurium NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 89 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 90 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 91 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 92 E. E. NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 93 coli coli NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 153 94 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 1 Because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 4 low low JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 5 cost cost NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 6 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 7 short short JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 8 production production NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 9 time time NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 10 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 11 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 12 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 13 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 15 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 16 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 17 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 18 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 19 tools tool NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 20 hold hold VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 21 particular particular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 22 advantages advantage NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 23 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 24 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 25 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 26 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 27 infections infection NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 28 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 29 need need VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 30 point point NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 31 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 32 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 33 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 34 care care NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 35 testing testing NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 36 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 37 such such JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 38 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 39 infections infection NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 40 caused cause VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 41 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 42 highly highly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 43 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 44 pandemic pandemic NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 45 influenza influenza NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 46 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 47 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 48 HIV HIV NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 49 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 50 SARS SARS NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 51 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 52 CoV CoV NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 53 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 54 malaria malaria NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 154 55 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 1 Avian avian JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 2 influenza influenza NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 3 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 4 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 5 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 6 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 7 highly highly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 8 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 9 subtype subtype NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 10 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 12 influenza influenza NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 13 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 14 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 15 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 16 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 17 also also RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 18 infect infect VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 19 humans human NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 20 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 21 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 22 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 23 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 24 mortality mortality NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 25 rate rate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 155 26 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 156 1 Wang Wang NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 156 2 et et NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 156 3 al al NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 156 4 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 1 selected select VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 2 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 3 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 4 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 5 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 6 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 7 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 8 both both CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 10 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 11 antigen antigen NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 12 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 14 whole whole JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 15 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 16 particle particle NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 17 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 19 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 20 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 22 67 67 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 157 24 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 1 For for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 3 first first JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 4 four four CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 5 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 6 cycles cycle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 9 purified purify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 10 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 11 antigen antigen NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 12 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 14 HA HA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 16 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 17 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 18 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 19 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 20 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 21 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 22 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 23 while while IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 24 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 25 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 26 remaining remain VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 27 eight eight CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 28 cycles cycle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 29 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 30 entire entire JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 31 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 32 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 33 particles particle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 34 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 35 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 36 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 37 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 38 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 158 39 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 2 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 3 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 4 showed show VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 5 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 6 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 8 K k NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 9 d d NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 10 = = NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 11 4.6 4.6 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 12 nM nM NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 14 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 15 specificity specificity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 16 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 18 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 19 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 21 Table table NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 22 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 159 24 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 1 Using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 2 such such PDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 3 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 4 mixed mixed JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 5 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 6 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 7 might may MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 8 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 9 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 10 good good JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 11 strategy strategy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 12 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 13 obtain obtain VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 14 ideal ideal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 15 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 17 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 18 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 19 overcome overcome VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 20 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 21 drawbacks drawback NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 22 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 23 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 24 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 25 only only RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 26 free free JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 27 biomarkers biomarker NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 28 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 29 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 160 30 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 3 case case NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 5 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 6 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 8 markers marker NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 9 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 11 blood blood NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 12 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 13 such such JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 14 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 15 myoglobin myoglobin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 17 C c NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 18 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 19 reactive reactive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 20 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 21 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 22 L l NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 23 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 24 homocysteine homocysteine NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 25 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 26 thrombin thrombin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 27 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 28 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 29 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 30 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 31 select select VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 32 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 33 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 34 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 35 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 36 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 37 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 38 related related JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 39 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 161 40 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 1 Myoglobin myoglobin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 2 increases increase NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 3 after after IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 4 acute acute JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 5 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 6 infarction infarction NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 8 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 9 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 10 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 11 important important JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 12 early early JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 13 marker marker NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 14 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 15 urgent urgent JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 16 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 17 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 18 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 19 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 162 20 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 163 1 Wang Wang NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 163 2 et et NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 163 3 al al NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 163 4 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 1 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 3 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 4 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 5 myoglobin myoglobin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 6 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 7 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 8 fluidic fluidic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 9 chip chip NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 10 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 12 72 72 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 164 14 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 2 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 3 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 4 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 6 lowest low JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 7 K k NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 8 d d NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 9 value value NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 11 4.93 4.93 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 12 nM nM NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 14 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 15 subjected subject VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 16 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 18 development development NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 19 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 20 different different JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 21 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 22 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 23 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 24 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 25 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 26 myoglobin myoglobin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 27 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 28 including include VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 29 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 30 Myoglobin Myoglobin NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 31 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 32 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 33 structural structural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 34 switching switch VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 35 supersandwich supersandwich JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 36 biosensor biosensor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 38 72 72 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 40 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 41 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 42 antibody antibody NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 43 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 44 Myoglobin myoglobin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 45 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 46 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 47 sandwich sandwich NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 48 biosensor biosensor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 49 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 50 76 76 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 51 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 165 52 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 1 Human Human NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 2 C C NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 4 reactive reactive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 5 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 7 CRP CRP NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 9 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 10 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 11 homopentameric homopentameric JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 12 oligoprotein oligoprotein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 13 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 14 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 15 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 16 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 17 validated validate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 18 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 19 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 20 powerful powerful JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 21 predictor predictor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 22 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 23 risk risk NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 24 factor factor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 25 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 26 inflammation inflammation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 27 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 28 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 29 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 31 77 77 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 166 33 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 167 1 Yang Yang NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 167 2 et et NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 167 3 al al NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 167 4 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 1 selected select VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 2 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 3 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 4 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 6 K K NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 7 d d NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 8 = = NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 9 3.9 3.9 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 10 nM nM NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 12 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 13 CRP crp NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 14 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 15 used use VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 17 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 18 develop develop VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 19 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 20 sensor sensor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 21 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 22 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 23 surface surface NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 24 plasmon plasmon JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 25 resonance resonance NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 26 technology technology NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 28 78 78 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 168 30 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 1 L L NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 2 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 3 Homocysteine Homocysteine NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 4 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 5 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 6 amino amino NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 7 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 8 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 9 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 10 whose whose WP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 11 elevated elevated JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 12 level level NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 13 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 15 blood blood NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 16 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 17 associated associate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 18 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 19 coronary coronary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 20 heart heart NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 21 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 23 79 79 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 169 25 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 170 1 McKeague McKeague NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 170 2 et et NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 170 3 al al NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 170 4 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 1 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 3 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 4 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 5 L l NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 6 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 7 homocysteine homocysteine NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 8 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 9 developed develop VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 10 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 11 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 12 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 13 AuNP aunp NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 14 sensor sensor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 15 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 16 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 17 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 19 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 20 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 21 first first JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 22 coil coil NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 23 around around IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 24 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 25 surface surface NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 26 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 27 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 28 gold gold NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 29 particles particle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 30 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 31 release release VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 32 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 33 particles particle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 34 after after IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 35 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 36 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 37 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 38 homocysteine homocysteine NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 39 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 40 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 41 leads lead VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 42 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 43 salt salt NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 44 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 45 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 46 aggregation aggregation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 47 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 48 colorization colorization NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 49 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 50 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 51 particles particle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 52 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 53 73 73 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 54 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 171 55 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 1 Thrombin Thrombin NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 2 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 3 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 4 serine serine NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 5 protease protease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 6 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 7 plays play VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 8 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 9 critical critical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 10 role role NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 11 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 13 formation formation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 15 obstructive obstructive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 16 blood blood NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 17 clots clot NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 18 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 19 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 20 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 21 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 22 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 23 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 24 involved involve VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 25 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 26 various various JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 27 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 28 including include VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 29 chronic chronic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 30 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 31 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 33 80 80 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 172 35 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 173 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 173 2 first first JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 173 3 reported report VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 173 4 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 173 5 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 173 6 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 173 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 173 8 thrombin thrombin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 173 9 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 173 10 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 1 Since since IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 2 then then RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 4 thrombin thrombin JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 5 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 6 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 7 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 8 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 9 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 10 model model NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 11 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 12 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 13 explore explore VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 15 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 16 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 17 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 18 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 19 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 20 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 174 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 2 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 4 most most RBS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 5 frequently frequently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 6 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 7 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 8 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 9 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 11 demonstration demonstration NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 12 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 14 proof proof NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 15 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 16 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 17 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 18 principle principle NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 19 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 20 various various JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 21 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 22 methods method NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 24 81 81 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 175 26 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 2 general general JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 3 modalities modality NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 4 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 5 assay assay NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 6 formats format NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 7 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 8 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 9 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 10 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 11 sensors sensor NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 12 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 13 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 14 well well RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 15 summarized summarize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 16 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 17 many many JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 18 comprehensive comprehensive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 19 reviews review NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 21 82 82 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 176 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 177 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 177 2 83 83 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 177 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 178 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 178 2 84 84 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 178 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 178 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 178 5 85 85 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 178 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 178 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 178 8 86 86 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 178 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 178 10 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 2 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 3 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 4 roughly roughly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 5 classified classify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 6 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 7 four four CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 8 types type NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 9 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 10 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 12 way way NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 14 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 15 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 16 generated generate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 17 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 19 1 1 LS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 21 direct direct JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 22 binding binding NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 23 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 24 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 25 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 179 26 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 2 2 2 LS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 4 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 5 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 6 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 7 structural structural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 8 switching switching NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 9 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 10 ; ; , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 12 3 3 LS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 14 sandwich sandwich NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 15 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 16 like like JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 17 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 18 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 19 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 21 4 4 LS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 23 target target VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 24 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 25 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 26 assembly assembly NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 27 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 28 dissociation dissociation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 29 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 180 30 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 181 1 These these DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 181 2 protocols protocol NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 181 3 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 181 4 illustrated illustrate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 181 5 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 181 6 Figure figure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 181 7 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 181 8 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 3 direct direct JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 4 binding binding NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 5 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 6 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 7 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 9 Figure figure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 10 2A 2a CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 12 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 13 aptamers aptamers NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 14 labeled label VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 15 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 16 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 17 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 18 directly directly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 19 bind bind VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 20 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 21 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 22 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 182 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 2 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 3 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 4 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 6 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 7 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 8 bound bind VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 9 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 10 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 11 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 12 detected detect VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 13 directly directly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 183 14 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 2 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 3 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 4 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 5 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 6 imaging image VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 7 usually usually RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 8 use use VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 9 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 10 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 12 Table table NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 13 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 184 15 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 2 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 3 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 4 simple simple JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 5 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 6 direct direct JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 7 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 8 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 9 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 10 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 11 especially especially RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 12 suitable suitable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 13 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 15 situations situation NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 16 like like IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 17 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 18 vivo vivo NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 19 imaging imaging NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 20 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 21 do do VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 22 not not RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 23 allow allow VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 24 complex complex JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 25 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 185 26 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 1 But but CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 3 does do VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 4 not not RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 5 contain contain VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 6 signal signal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 7 amplification amplification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 8 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 9 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 10 makes make VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 12 difficult difficult JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 13 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 14 increase increase VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 15 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 16 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 17 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 186 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 2 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 4 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 5 structural structural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 6 switching switching NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 7 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 8 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 10 binding binding NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 11 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 13 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 14 will will MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 15 cause cause VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 16 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 17 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 18 conformational conformational JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 19 change change NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 20 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 21 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 22 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 23 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 24 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 25 will will MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 26 " " `` cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 27 switch switch VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 28 on on RP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 29 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 30 switch switch VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 31 off off RP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 32 " " `` cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 33 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 34 signal signal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 35 generation generation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 37 87 87 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 38 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 39 88 88 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 187 41 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 1 For for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 2 example example NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 4 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 5 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 6 bio bio JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 7 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 8 chromophoric chromophoric JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 9 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 10 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 11 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 12 structural structural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 13 switching switching NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 14 approach approach NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 15 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 16 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 17 fluorophore fluorophore RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 18 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 19 labeled label VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 20 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 21 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 22 forms form VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 23 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 24 partial partial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 25 duplex duplex NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 26 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 27 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 28 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 29 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 30 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 31 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 32 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 33 quenching quenching NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 34 moiety moiety NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 36 denoted denote VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 37 QDNA QDNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 39 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 40 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 41 absence absence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 42 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 43 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 44 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 45 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 46 bringing bring VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 47 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 48 fluorophore fluorophore NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 50 F F NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 52 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 53 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 54 quencher quencher NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 55 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 56 Q Q NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 57 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 58 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 59 close close JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 60 proximity proximity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 61 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 62 maximum maximum JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 63 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 64 quenching quenching NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 188 65 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 1 When when WRB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 3 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 4 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 5 introduced introduce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 6 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 8 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 9 prefers prefer VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 10 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 11 form form VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 13 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 14 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 15 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 16 complex complex NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 189 17 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 2 binding binding NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 4 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 5 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 6 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 8 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 9 will will MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 10 change change VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 12 structure structure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 13 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 15 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 16 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 17 release release VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 19 partially partially RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 20 complementary complementary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 21 quencher quencher NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 22 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 23 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 24 will will MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 25 trigger trigger VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 26 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 27 increase increase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 28 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 29 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 30 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 32 Figure figure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 33 2B 2b CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 190 35 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 1 This this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 2 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 3 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 4 suited suit VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 5 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 7 development development NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 8 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 9 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 10 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 11 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 12 reporters reporter NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 13 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 14 real real JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 15 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 16 time time NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 17 sensing sensing NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 18 applications application NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 191 19 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 1 But but CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 3 limitation limitation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 5 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 6 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 7 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 9 decreased decrease VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 10 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 11 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 12 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 13 because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 15 competition competition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 16 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 18 QDNA QDNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 20 87 87 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 192 22 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 3 sandwich sandwich NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 4 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 5 like like JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 6 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 9 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 10 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 11 " " `` cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 13 meat meat NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 14 " " '' cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 15 inserted insert VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 16 within within IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 17 " " `` cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 18 two two CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 19 pieces piece NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 20 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 21 bread bread NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 22 " " '' cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 23 consisting consist VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 24 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 25 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 26 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 27 / / SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 28 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 29 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 30 antibody antibody NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 31 / / SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 32 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 33 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 34 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 35 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 36 very very RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 37 similar similar JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 38 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 39 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 40 enzyme enzyme NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 41 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 42 linked link VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 43 immunosorbent immunosorbent JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 44 assay assay NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 46 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 49 Figure figure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 50 2C 2c NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 193 52 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 194 1 Aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 194 2 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 194 3 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 194 4 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 194 5 function function NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 194 6 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 194 7 reporter reporter NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 194 8 and/or and/or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 194 9 capturer capturer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 194 10 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 1 This this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 2 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 3 permits permit VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 4 double double JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 5 recognition recognition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 6 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 8 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 9 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 10 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 11 amplification amplification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 12 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 13 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 14 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 15 greatly greatly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 16 improve improve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 18 specificity specificity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 19 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 20 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 21 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 22 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 23 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 24 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 25 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 195 26 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 3 because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 6 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 7 size size NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 8 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 10 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 11 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 13 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 14 sandwich sandwich NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 15 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 16 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 17 conquer conquer VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 19 potential potential JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 20 limitation limitation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 21 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 22 antibody antibody NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 23 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 24 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 25 detecting detect VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 26 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 27 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 29 89 89 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 196 31 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 197 1 But but CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 197 2 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 197 3 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 197 4 requires require VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 197 5 extensive extensive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 197 6 washing washing NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 197 7 during during IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 197 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 197 9 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 197 10 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 3 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 4 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 5 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 6 assembly assembly NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 7 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 8 dissociation dissociation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 9 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 10 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 11 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 12 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 14 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 15 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 16 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 17 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 18 will will MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 19 trigger trigger VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 20 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 21 assembly assembly NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 22 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 23 split split JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 24 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 25 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 26 dissociation dissociation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 27 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 28 bound bind VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 29 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 30 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 31 along along IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 32 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 33 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 34 change change NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 35 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 36 detectable detectable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 37 signals signal NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 39 82 82 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 40 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 41 90 90 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 42 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 44 Figure figure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 45 2D 2d NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 198 47 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 2 addition addition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 5 should should MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 6 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 7 noted note VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 8 that that IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 9 various various JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 10 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 11 methods method NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 12 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 13 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 14 applied apply VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 15 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 16 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 17 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 18 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 19 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 20 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 21 including include VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 22 electrochemical electrochemical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 23 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 24 chemiluminescence chemiluminescence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 25 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 26 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 27 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 28 colorimetric colorimetric JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 29 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 30 quantum quantum JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 31 dots dot NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 32 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 33 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 34 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 35 mass mass JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 36 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 37 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 38 detections detection NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 40 84 84 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 199 42 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 1 For for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 2 imaging imaging NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 4 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 5 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 6 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 7 most most JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 8 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 10 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 11 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 12 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 13 methods method NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 14 use use VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 15 fluorophore fluorophore RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 16 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 17 labeled label VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 18 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 19 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 20 recognize recognize VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 21 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 22 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 23 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 24 directly directly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 26 Table table NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 27 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 200 29 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 1 For for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 3 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 4 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 5 like like IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 6 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 7 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 9 marker marker NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 10 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 11 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 12 methods method NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 13 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 14 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 15 different different JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 16 modes mode NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 17 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 18 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 19 explored explore VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 20 extensively extensively RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 201 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 2 sandwich sandwich NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 4 like like JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 5 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 6 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 7 frequently frequently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 8 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 10 Figure figure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 11 2C 2c NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 14 68 68 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 15 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 16 91 91 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 202 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 3 example example NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 5 Leishmania Leishmania NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 6 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 8 68 68 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 10 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 12 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 14 LmWC-25R lmwc-25r NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 16 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 18 promastigote promastigote NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 19 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 20 Leishmania Leishmania NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 21 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 22 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 23 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 24 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 25 surface surface NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 26 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 27 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 28 M280 M280 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 29 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 30 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 203 31 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 204 1 After after IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 204 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 204 3 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 204 4 Leishmania Leishmania NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 204 5 promastigote promastigote NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 204 6 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 204 7 captured capture VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 204 8 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 204 9 LmWC-25R lmwc-25r NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 204 10 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 1 another another DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 2 5 5 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 3 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 4 -biotinylated -biotinylated JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 5 reporter reporter NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 6 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 8 LmHSP-7b/11R lmhsp-7b/11r UH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 10 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 11 targets target VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 13 hydrophilic hydrophilic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 14 surface surface NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 15 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 17 HSP HSP NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 19 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 20 Leishmania Leishmania NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 21 promastigote promastigote NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 22 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 23 added add VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 205 24 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 1 Then then RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 3 beads bead NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 4 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 5 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 6 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 7 captured capture VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 8 Leishmania Leishmania NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 9 promastigote promastigote NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 10 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 11 reporters reporter NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 12 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 13 collected collect VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 14 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 15 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 16 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 17 rack rack NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 206 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 1 Streptavidin streptavidin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 2 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 3 horseradish horseradish NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 4 peroxidase peroxidase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 6 Sav Sav NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 7 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 8 HRP HRP NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 10 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 12 substrate substrate JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 13 Ample Ample NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 14 Red Red NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 15 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 16 added add VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 17 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 18 transduce transduce VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 19 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 20 display display VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 21 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 22 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 207 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 1 Another another DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 2 frequently frequently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 3 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 4 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 5 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 7 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 8 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 9 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 10 dissociation dissociation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 11 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 12 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 13 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 14 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 15 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 16 system system NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 17 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 18 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 19 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 20 non non JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 21 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 22 signal signal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 23 status status NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 24 until until IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 25 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 26 single single RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 27 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 28 stranded strand VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 29 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 30 dissociated dissociate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 31 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 32 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 33 initial initial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 34 state state NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 35 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 36 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 37 result result NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 38 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 39 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 40 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 41 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 42 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 44 69 69 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 45 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 46 72 72 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 47 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 48 73 73 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 49 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 208 50 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 2 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 4 L l NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 5 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 6 homocysteine homocysteine NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 7 mentioned mention VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 8 above above RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 9 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 10 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 11 good good JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 12 example example NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 13 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 15 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 16 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 17 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 18 dissociation dissociation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 19 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 21 73 73 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 209 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 210 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 210 2 Figure Figure NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 210 3 2D 2d NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 210 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 210 5 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 2 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 3 coil coil NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 4 around around IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 6 surface surface NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 7 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 9 gold gold NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 10 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 12 AuNPs AuNPs JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 14 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 15 prevent prevent VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 16 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 17 salt salt NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 18 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 19 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 20 aggregation aggregation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 21 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 22 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 211 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 1 When when WRB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 3 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 4 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 5 appear appear VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 6 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 8 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 9 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 10 fold fold VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 11 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 12 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 13 rigid rigid JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 14 structure structure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 15 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 16 bind bind VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 17 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 19 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 20 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 21 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 22 therefore therefore RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 23 release release VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 24 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 25 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 26 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 212 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 2 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 3 without without IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 4 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 5 coverage coverage NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 6 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 7 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 8 aggregate aggregate VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 9 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 11 salt salt NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 12 solution solution NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 14 change change VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 15 color color NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 16 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 17 red red JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 18 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 19 purple purple NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 213 20 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 2 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 4 molecule molecule NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 5 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 6 labeled label VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 7 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 8 directly directly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 9 bind bind VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 10 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 12 immobilized immobilized JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 13 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 14 free free JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 15 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 214 16 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 2 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 3 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 4 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 6 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 7 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 8 detected detect VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 9 directly directly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 10 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 12 B b NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 14 Target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 15 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 16 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 17 structural structural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 18 switching switching NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 19 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 20 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 21 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 22 fluorophore fluorophore RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 23 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 24 labeled label VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 25 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 26 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 27 forms form VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 28 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 29 partial partial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 30 duplex duplex NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 31 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 32 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 33 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 34 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 35 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 36 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 37 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 38 quenching quenching NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 39 moiety moiety NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 41 QDNA QDNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 43 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 44 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 45 absence absence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 46 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 47 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 48 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 49 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 50 bringing bring VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 51 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 52 fluorophore fluorophore NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 53 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 54 F F NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 56 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 57 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 58 quencher quencher NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 59 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 60 Q Q NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 61 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 62 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 63 close close JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 64 proximity proximity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 65 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 66 maximum maximum JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 67 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 68 quenching quenching NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 215 69 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 1 When when WRB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 3 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 4 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 5 introduced introduce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 6 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 8 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 9 prefers prefer VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 10 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 11 form form VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 13 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 14 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 15 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 16 complex complex NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 216 17 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 2 binding binding NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 4 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 5 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 6 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 8 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 9 will will MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 10 change change VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 12 structure structure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 13 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 15 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 16 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 17 release release VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 19 partially partially RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 20 complementary complementary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 21 quencher quencher NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 22 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 23 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 24 will will MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 25 trigger trigger VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 26 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 27 increase increase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 28 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 29 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 30 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 31 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 33 C C NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 35 Sandwich sandwich NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 36 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 37 like like JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 38 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 39 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 40 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 41 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 42 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 43 antibody antibody NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 44 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 45 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 46 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 47 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 48 solid solid JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 49 phase phase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 50 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 51 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 52 capturer capturer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 217 53 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 2 captured capture VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 3 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 4 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 5 reported report VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 6 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 8 biotinylated biotinylated JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 9 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 10 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 11 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 12 displays display VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 14 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 15 through through IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 16 further further JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 17 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 18 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 19 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 20 streptavidin streptavidin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 21 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 22 conjugated conjugate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 23 HRP HRP NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 24 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 25 AuNP aunp NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 26 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 28 D D NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 30 Target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 31 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 32 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 33 dissociation dissociation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 34 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 35 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 36 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 37 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 38 coil coil NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 39 around around IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 40 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 41 surface surface NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 42 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 43 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 44 gold gold NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 45 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 46 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 47 AuNPs AuNPs JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 49 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 50 stop stop VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 51 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 52 salt salt NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 53 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 54 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 55 aggregation aggregation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 56 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 57 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 218 58 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 1 When when WRB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 3 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 4 appears appear VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 5 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 7 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 8 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 9 bind bind VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 10 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 12 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 14 release release NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 15 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 16 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 17 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 219 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 2 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 3 without without IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 4 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 5 cover cover NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 6 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 7 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 8 aggregate aggregate VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 9 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 11 salt salt NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 12 solution solution NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 14 change change VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 15 color color NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 16 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 17 red red JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 18 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 19 purple purple NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 220 20 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 1 One one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 4 biggest big JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 5 challenges challenge NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 6 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 7 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 8 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 9 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 10 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 11 tools tool NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 12 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 14 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 15 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 16 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 18 possible possible JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 19 invalidation invalidation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 20 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 21 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 22 real real JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 23 biological biological JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 24 environment environment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 25 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 26 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 27 result result NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 28 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 29 degradation degradation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 30 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 31 nucleases nuclease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 32 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 33 interference interference NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 34 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 35 other other JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 36 matrix matrix NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 37 factors factor NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 221 38 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 1 Using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 2 chemical chemical NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 3 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 4 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 5 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 6 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 7 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 8 effective effective JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 9 way way NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 10 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 11 prolong prolong VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 13 lifetime lifetime NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 15 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 16 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 17 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 19 biological biological JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 20 samples sample NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 222 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 1 For for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 2 ultimate ultimate JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 3 success success NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 4 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 5 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 6 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 7 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 8 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 9 samples sample NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 10 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 11 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 12 vivo vivo NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 13 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 14 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 15 indispensable indispensable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 223 16 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 1 Currently currently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 3 although although IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 4 most most JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 5 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 7 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 8 about about IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 9 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 10 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 11 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 12 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 13 tools tool NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 14 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 15 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 16 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 17 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 18 still still RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 19 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 20 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 21 primary primary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 22 stage stage NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 23 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 24 laboratory laboratory NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 25 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 26 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 27 some some DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 28 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 29 them -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 30 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 31 gone go VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 32 further far RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 33 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 34 testing test VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 35 them -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 36 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 37 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 38 samples sample NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 39 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 40 animal animal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 41 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 42 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 43 vivo vivo NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 45 30 30 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 46 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 47 54 54 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 48 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 49 59 59 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 50 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 51 61 61 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 52 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 224 53 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 3 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 4 XQ-2d XQ-2d . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 6 Table Table NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 7 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 9 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 10 targets target VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 12 pancreatic pancreatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 13 ductal ductal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 14 adenocarcinomas adenocarcinomas NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 16 PDAC PDAC NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 18 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 19 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 20 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 21 tested test VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 22 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 23 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 24 PDAC PDAC NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 25 tissue tissue NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 26 sections section NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 27 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 28 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 29 vivo vivo NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 30 imaging imaging NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 31 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 32 PDAC PDAC NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 33 tumor tumor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 34 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 35 bearing bear VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 36 mice mouse NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 38 54 54 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 225 40 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 1 33 33 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 2 out out IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 4 40 40 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 5 PDAC PDAC NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 6 tissues tissue NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 7 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 8 two two CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 9 out out IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 10 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 11 eight eight CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 12 normal normal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 13 pancreatic pancreatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 14 tissues tissue NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 15 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 16 detected detect VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 17 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 19 Cy5-labeled Cy5-labeled NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 20 XQ-2d XQ-2d NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 226 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 3 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 4 vivo vivo NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 5 imaging imaging NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 6 test test NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 8 Cy5-labeled Cy5-labeled NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 9 XQ-2d XQ-2d NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 10 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 11 injected inject VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 12 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 14 BALB BALB NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 15 / / SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 16 c c NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 17 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 18 nude nude JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 19 mice mouse NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 20 grafted graft VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 21 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 22 PDAC PDAC NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 23 through through IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 24 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 25 tail tail NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 26 vein vein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 227 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 2 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 3 found find VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 4 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 5 illuminate illuminate VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 7 tumor tumor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 8 site site NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 9 up up IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 10 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 11 3 3 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 12 h h NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 13 post post NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 14 - - NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 15 injection injection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 17 while while IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 19 Cy5-labeled Cy5-labeled NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 20 library library NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 21 control control NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 22 did do VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 23 not not RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 24 give give VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 25 any any DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 26 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 228 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 1 For for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 2 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 3 study study NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 4 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 5 both both DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 6 phosphorothioate phosphorothioate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 7 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 8 2′-O 2′-o CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 9 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 10 methyl methyl NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 11 modifications modification NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 12 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 13 tried try VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 14 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 15 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 16 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 17 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 229 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 2 four four CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 3 bases basis NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 4 at at IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 6 5′ 5′ CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 7 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 8 3′ 3′ CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 9 termini terminus NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 10 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 11 XQ-2d XQ-2d NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 12 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 13 replaced replace VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 14 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 15 ether ether NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 16 phosphorothioate phosphorothioate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 17 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 18 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 19 2′-O 2′-o CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 20 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 21 methyl methyl NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 22 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 230 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 1 However however RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 4 phosphorothioate phosphorothioate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 5 modification modification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 6 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 7 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 8 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 9 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 10 molecule molecule NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 11 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 12 labeled label VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 13 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 14 directly directly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 15 bind bind VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 16 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 18 immobilized immobilized JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 19 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 20 free free JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 21 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 231 22 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 2 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 3 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 4 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 6 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 7 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 8 detected detect VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 9 directly directly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 10 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 12 B b NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 14 Target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 15 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 16 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 17 structural structural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 18 switching switching NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 19 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 20 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 21 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 22 fluorophore fluorophore RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 23 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 24 labeled label VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 25 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 26 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 27 forms form VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 28 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 29 partial partial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 30 duplex duplex NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 31 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 32 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 33 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 34 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 35 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 36 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 37 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 38 quenching quenching NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 39 moiety moiety NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 41 QDNA QDNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 43 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 44 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 45 absence absence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 46 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 47 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 48 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 49 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 50 bringing bring VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 51 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 52 fluorophore fluorophore NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 53 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 54 F F NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 56 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 57 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 58 quencher quencher NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 59 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 60 Q Q NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 61 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 62 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 63 close close JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 64 proximity proximity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 65 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 66 maximum maximum JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 67 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 68 quenching quenching NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 232 69 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 1 When when WRB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 3 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 4 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 5 introduced introduce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 6 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 8 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 9 prefers prefer VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 10 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 11 form form VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 13 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 14 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 15 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 16 complex complex NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 233 17 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 2 binding binding NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 4 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 5 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 6 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 8 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 9 will will MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 10 change change VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 12 structure structure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 13 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 15 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 16 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 17 release release VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 19 partially partially RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 20 complementary complementary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 21 quencher quencher NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 22 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 23 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 24 will will MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 25 trigger trigger VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 26 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 27 increase increase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 28 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 29 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 30 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 31 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 33 C C NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 35 Sandwich sandwich NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 36 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 37 like like JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 38 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 39 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 40 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 41 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 42 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 43 antibody antibody NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 44 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 45 immobilized immobilize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 46 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 47 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 48 solid solid JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 49 phase phase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 50 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 51 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 52 capturer capturer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 234 53 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 2 captured capture VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 3 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 4 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 5 reported report VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 6 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 8 biotinylated biotinylated JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 9 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 10 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 11 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 12 displays display VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 14 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 15 through through IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 16 further further JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 17 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 18 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 19 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 20 streptavidin streptavidin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 21 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 22 conjugated conjugate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 23 HRP HRP NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 24 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 25 AuNP aunp NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 26 ; ; : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 28 D D NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 30 Target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 31 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 32 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 33 dissociation dissociation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 34 mode mode NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 35 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 36 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 37 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 38 coil coil NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 39 around around IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 40 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 41 surface surface NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 42 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 43 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 44 gold gold NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 45 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 46 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 47 AuNPs AuNPs JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 49 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 50 stop stop VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 51 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 52 salt salt NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 53 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 54 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 55 aggregation aggregation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 56 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 57 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 235 58 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 1 When when WRB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 3 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 4 appears appear VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 5 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 7 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 8 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 9 bind bind VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 10 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 12 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 14 release release NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 15 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 16 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 17 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 236 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 2 AuNPs AuNPs NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 3 without without IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 4 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 5 cover cover NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 6 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 7 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 8 aggregate aggregate VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 9 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 11 salt salt NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 12 solution solution NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 14 change change VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 15 color color NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 16 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 17 red red JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 18 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 19 purple purple NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 237 20 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 1 One one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 4 biggest big JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 5 challenges challenge NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 6 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 7 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 8 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 9 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 10 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 11 tools tool NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 12 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 14 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 15 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 16 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 18 possible possible JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 19 invalidation invalidation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 20 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 21 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 22 real real JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 23 biological biological JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 24 environment environment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 25 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 26 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 27 result result NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 28 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 29 degradation degradation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 30 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 31 nucleases nuclease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 32 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 33 interference interference NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 34 from from IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 35 other other JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 36 matrix matrix NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 37 factors factor NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 238 38 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 1 Using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 2 chemical chemical NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 3 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 4 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 5 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 6 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 7 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 8 effective effective JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 9 way way NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 10 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 11 prolong prolong VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 13 lifetime lifetime NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 15 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 16 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 17 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 19 biological biological JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 20 samples sample NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 239 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 1 For for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 2 ultimate ultimate JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 3 success success NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 4 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 5 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 6 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 7 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 8 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 9 samples sample NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 10 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 11 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 12 vivo vivo NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 13 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 14 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 15 indispensable indispensable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 240 16 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 1 Currently currently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 3 although although IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 4 most most JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 5 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 7 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 8 about about IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 9 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 10 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 11 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 12 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 13 tools tool NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 14 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 15 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 16 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 17 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 18 still still RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 19 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 20 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 21 primary primary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 22 stage stage NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 23 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 24 laboratory laboratory NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 25 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 26 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 27 some some DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 28 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 29 them -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 30 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 31 gone go VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 32 further far RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 33 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 34 testing test VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 35 them -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 36 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 37 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 38 samples sample NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 39 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 40 animal animal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 41 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 42 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 43 vivo vivo NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 45 30 30 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 46 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 47 54 54 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 48 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 49 59 59 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 50 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 51 61 61 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 52 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 241 53 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 3 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 4 XQ-2d XQ-2d . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 6 Table Table NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 7 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 9 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 10 targets target VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 12 pancreatic pancreatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 13 ductal ductal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 14 adenocarcinomas adenocarcinomas NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 16 PDAC PDAC NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 18 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 19 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 20 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 21 tested test VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 22 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 23 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 24 PDAC PDAC NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 25 tissue tissue NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 26 sections section NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 27 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 28 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 29 vivo vivo NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 30 imaging imaging NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 31 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 32 PDAC PDAC NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 33 tumor tumor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 34 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 35 bearing bear VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 36 mice mouse NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 38 54 54 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 242 40 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 1 33 33 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 2 out out IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 4 40 40 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 5 PDAC PDAC NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 6 tissues tissue NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 7 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 8 two two CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 9 out out IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 10 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 11 eight eight CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 12 normal normal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 13 pancreatic pancreatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 14 tissues tissue NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 15 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 16 detected detect VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 17 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 19 Cy5-labeled Cy5-labeled NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 20 XQ-2d XQ-2d NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 243 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 3 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 4 vivo vivo NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 5 imaging imaging NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 6 test test NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 8 Cy5-labeled Cy5-labeled NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 9 XQ-2d XQ-2d NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 10 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 11 injected inject VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 12 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 14 BALB BALB NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 15 / / SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 16 c c NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 17 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 18 nude nude JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 19 mice mouse NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 20 grafted graft VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 21 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 22 PDAC PDAC NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 23 through through IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 24 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 25 tail tail NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 26 vein vein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 244 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 2 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 3 found find VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 4 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 5 illuminate illuminate VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 7 tumor tumor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 8 site site NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 9 up up IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 10 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 11 3 3 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 12 h h NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 13 post post NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 14 - - NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 15 injection injection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 17 while while IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 19 Cy5-labeled Cy5-labeled NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 20 library library NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 21 control control NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 22 did do VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 23 not not RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 24 give give VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 25 any any DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 26 signal signal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 245 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 1 For for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 2 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 3 study study NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 4 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 5 both both DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 6 phosphorothioate phosphorothioate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 7 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 8 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 9 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 10 -O -o CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 11 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 12 methyl methyl NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 13 modifications modification NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 14 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 15 tried try VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 16 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 17 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 18 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 19 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 246 20 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 2 four four CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 3 bases basis NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 4 at at IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 6 5 5 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 7 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 8 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 9 3 3 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 10 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 11 termini terminus NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 12 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 13 XQ-2d XQ-2d NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 14 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 15 replaced replace VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 16 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 17 ether ether NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 18 phosphorothioate phosphorothioate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 19 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 20 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 21 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 22 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 23 -O -o CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 24 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 25 methyl methyl JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 26 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 247 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 1 However however RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 4 phosphorothioate phosphorothioate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 5 modification modification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 6 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 7 found find VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 8 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 9 weaken weaken VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 11 binding binding JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 12 ability ability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 13 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 15 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 17 whereas whereas IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 19 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 20 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 21 -O -o CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 22 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 23 methyl methyl JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 24 modification modification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 25 did do VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 26 not not RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 27 significantly significantly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 28 affect affect VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 29 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 30 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 31 ability ability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 248 32 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 4 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 5 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 6 -O -o CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 7 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 8 methyl methyl NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 9 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 10 XQ-2d XQ-2d NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 11 could could MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 12 last last VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 13 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 14 36 36 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 15 h h NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 16 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 17 10 10 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 18 % % NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 19 FBS fbs NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 20 medium medium NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 21 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 22 but but CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 23 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 24 unmodified unmodified JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 25 XQ-2d XQ-2d NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 26 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 27 completely completely RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 28 degraded degrade VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 29 after after IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 30 24-h 24-h JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 31 incubation incubation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 249 32 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 1 An an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 2 important important JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 3 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 5 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 6 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 7 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 8 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 9 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 10 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 11 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 12 molecule molecule NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 13 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 14 agents agent NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 250 15 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 2 aptamers aptamers NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 3 exhibit exhibit VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 4 significant significant JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 5 advantages advantage NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 6 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 7 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 8 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 9 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 10 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 11 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 12 developed develop VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 13 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 14 attractive attractive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 15 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 16 agents agent NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 17 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 18 competition competition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 19 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 20 antibodies antibody NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 251 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 252 1 Generally generally RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 252 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 252 3 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 252 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 252 5 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 252 6 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 252 7 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 252 8 applications application NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 252 9 function function VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 252 10 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 252 11 two two CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 252 12 ways way NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 252 13 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 1 First first RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 3 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 5 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 6 inhibit inhibit VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 7 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 8 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 9 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 10 interactions interaction NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 11 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 12 specifically specifically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 13 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 14 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 15 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 16 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 17 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 18 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 19 thereby thereby RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 20 functioning function VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 21 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 22 antagonists antagonist NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 253 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 1 Second second RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 3 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 5 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 6 function function VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 7 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 8 agonists agonist NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 9 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 10 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 11 promotes promote VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 13 function function NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 15 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 16 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 17 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 18 upon upon IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 19 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 20 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 21 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 22 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 23 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 254 24 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 1 Although although IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 3 aptamers aptamers NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 4 act act VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 5 similarly similarly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 6 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 7 antibodies antibody NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 8 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 10 non non NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 11 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 12 immunogenicity immunogenicity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 13 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 14 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 15 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 16 make make VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 18 more more RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 19 notable notable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 20 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 21 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 255 22 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 1 Compared compare VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 2 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 3 antibodies antibody NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 4 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 5 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 6 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 7 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 8 easier easy JJR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 9 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 10 uptake uptake VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 11 because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 12 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 14 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 15 size size NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 256 16 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 1 Importantly importantly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 3 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 4 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 5 specifically specifically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 6 recognize recognize VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 7 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 8 wide wide JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 9 range range NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 10 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 11 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 12 including include VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 13 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 14 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 15 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 16 proteins protein NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 17 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 18 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 257 19 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 3 given give VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 4 that that IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 5 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 6 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 7 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 8 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 9 designed design VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 10 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 11 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 12 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 13 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 14 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 16 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 17 lower low JJR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 18 production production NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 19 cost cost NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 20 than than IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 21 antibodies antibody NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 258 22 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 2 properties property NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 3 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 4 advantages advantage NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 5 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 6 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 7 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 8 mentioned mention VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 9 above above RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 10 facilitate facilitate VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 12 promising promising JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 13 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 15 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 16 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 17 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 18 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 19 field field NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 20 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 21 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 259 22 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 1 Although although IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 2 there there EX cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 3 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 4 currently currently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 5 no no DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 6 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 7 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 8 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 9 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 10 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 11 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 12 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 13 four four CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 14 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 15 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 16 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 17 being be VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 18 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 19 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 20 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 21 trials trial NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 22 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 24 effect effect NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 25 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 26 hematological hematological JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 27 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 28 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 29 macular macular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 30 degeneration degeneration NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 31 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 32 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 33 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 35 Table Table NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 36 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 260 38 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 1 AS1411 as1411 NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 3 Antisoma Antisoma NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 5 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 6 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 7 guanine guanine NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 8 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 9 rich rich JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 10 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 11 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 12 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 13 guanine guanine JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 14 quadruplex quadruplex NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 15 structure structure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 17 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 18 nucleolin nucleolin NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 261 19 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 1 Nucleolin Nucleolin NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 2 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 3 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 4 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 5 nucleolar nucleolar NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 6 phosphoprotein phosphoprotein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 7 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 8 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 9 involved involve VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 10 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 11 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 12 synthesis synthesis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 14 maturation maturation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 15 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 16 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 17 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 18 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 19 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 20 reported report VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 21 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 22 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 23 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 24 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 25 anti anti JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 26 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 27 cancer cancer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 28 therapies therapy NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 262 29 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 2 guanine guanine JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 3 quadruplex quadruplex NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 4 structure structure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 5 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 6 help help VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 7 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 8 enhance enhance VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 10 nuclease nuclease FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 11 degradation degradation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 12 resistance resistance NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 14 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 15 uptake uptake NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 16 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 17 AS1411 as1411 NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 263 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 1 AS1411 as1411 NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 2 possesses possess VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 3 anti anti JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 4 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 5 cancer cancer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 6 activity activity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 7 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 8 breast breast NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 9 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 10 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 12 92 92 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 14 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 15 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 16 renal renal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 17 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 18 carcinoma carcinoma NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 20 93 93 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 22 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 23 acute acute JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 24 myeloid myeloid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 25 leukemia leukemia NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 27 94 94 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 264 29 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 2 phase phase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 3 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 4 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 5 trial trial NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 6 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 7 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 8 AS1411 as1411 NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 9 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 10 treat treat VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 11 renal renal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 12 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 13 carcinoma carcinoma NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 14 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 15 completed complete VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 16 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 265 17 2009 2009 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 2 NCT00740441 NCT00740441 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 4 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 5 while while IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 6 another another DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 7 phase phase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 8 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 9 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 10 trial trial NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 11 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 12 treating treat VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 13 acute acute JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 14 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 15 leukemia leukemia NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 16 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 17 completed complete VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 18 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 266 19 2011 2011 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 267 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 267 2 NCT01034410 NCT01034410 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 267 3 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 267 4 NCT01034410 NCT01034410 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 267 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 267 6 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 268 1 ARC1779 ARC1779 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 2 Achemix Achemix NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 4 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 5 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 6 PEGylated pegylate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 7 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 8 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 9 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 10 recognizes recognize VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 11 platelet platelet NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 12 ligand ligand NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 13 receptor receptor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 14 von von NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 15 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 16 factor factor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 17 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 18 mediates mediate VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 19 platelet platelet NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 20 recruitment recruitment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 269 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 270 1 ARC1779 ARC1779 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 1 blocks block VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 3 binding binding NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 4 between between IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 5 von von NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 6 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 7 factor factor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 8 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 10 platelet platelet NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 11 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 12 thereby thereby RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 13 inducing induce VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 14 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 15 antithrombotic antithrombotic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 16 effect effect NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 271 17 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 2 efficacy efficacy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 4 ARC1779 ARC1779 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 5 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 6 platelet platelet NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 7 inhibition inhibition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 8 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 9 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 10 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 11 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 12 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 13 phase phase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 14 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 15 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 16 trial trial NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 17 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 18 treating treat VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 19 von von NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 20 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 21 factor factor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 22 related relate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 23 platelet platelet NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 24 function function NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 25 disorders disorder NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 27 NCT00632242 NCT00632242 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 29 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 30 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 31 completed complete VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 272 32 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 273 1 Recent recent JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 273 2 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 273 3 show show VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 273 4 that that IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 273 5 ARC1779 ARC1779 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 273 6 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 273 7 effectively effectively RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 273 8 prevent prevent VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 273 9 thromboembolism thromboembolism NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 273 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 273 11 95 95 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 273 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 273 13 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 2 phase phase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 3 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 4 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 5 study study NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 6 shows show VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 7 that that IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 8 ARC1779 ARC1779 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 9 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 10 favorable favorable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 11 pharmacokinetic pharmacokinetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 12 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 13 pharmacodynamic pharmacodynamic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 14 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 15 safety safety NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 16 properties property NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 17 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 18 patients patient NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 19 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 20 congenital congenital JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 21 thrombotic thrombotic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 22 thrombocytopenic thrombocytopenic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 23 purpura purpura NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 25 96 96 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 274 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 275 1 NU172 NU172 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 2 ARCA ARCA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 3 biopharma biopharma NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 5 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 6 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 7 unmodified unmodified JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 8 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 9 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 10 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 11 thrombin thrombin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 12 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 13 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 14 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 15 prolong prolong VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 16 blood blood NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 17 clotting clotting NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 276 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 2 phase phase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 3 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 4 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 5 trial trial NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 6 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 7 NU172 NU172 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 8 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 9 anticoagulation anticoagulation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 10 agent agent NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 11 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 12 patients patient NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 13 undergoing undergo VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 14 off off IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 15 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 16 pump pump NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 17 coronary coronary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 18 artery artery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 19 bypass bypass NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 20 graft graft NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 22 CABG CABG NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 24 surgery surgery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 26 SNAP snap VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 27 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 28 CABG CABG NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 29 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 30 OFF off NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 32 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 33 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 34 completed complete VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 36 NCT00808964 NCT00808964 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 277 38 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 278 1 E10030 e10030 NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 2 Ophthotech Ophthotech NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 4 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 5 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 6 PEGylated pegylate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 7 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 8 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 9 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 10 functions function NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 11 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 12 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 13 antagonist antagonist NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 15 platelet platelet NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 16 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 17 derived derive VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 18 growth growth NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 19 factor factor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 279 20 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 280 1 E10030 e10030 NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 1 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 2 combination combination NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 3 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 4 anti anti JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 5 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 6 VEGF vegf JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 7 agent agent NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 8 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 9 effectively effectively RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 10 prevent prevent VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 11 angiogenesis angiogenesis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 12 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 13 97 97 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 14 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 281 15 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 1 Currently currently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 3 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 4 phase phase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 5 3 3 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 6 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 7 study study NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 8 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 9 E10030 e10030 NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 10 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 11 combination combination NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 12 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 13 ranibizumab ranibizumab NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 15 Lucentis Lucentis NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 17 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 18 wet wet JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 19 age age NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 20 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 21 related relate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 22 macular macular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 23 degeneration degeneration NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 24 treatment treatment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 25 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 26 ongoing ongoing JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 28 NCT01944839 NCT01944839 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 282 30 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 1 Besides besides IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 3 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 5 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 6 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 7 trials trial NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 8 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 9 many many JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 10 promising promising JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 11 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 12 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 13 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 14 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 15 preclinical preclinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 16 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 17 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 18 treating treat VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 19 various various JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 20 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 21 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 22 such such JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 23 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 24 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 25 infections infection NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 26 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 27 tumors tumor NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 28 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 29 central central JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 30 nervous nervous JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 31 system system NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 32 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 283 33 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 3 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 4 recognizing recognize VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 6 receptor receptor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 7 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 8 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 9 region region NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 10 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 11 influenza influenza NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 12 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 13 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 14 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 15 found find VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 16 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 17 inhibit inhibit VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 18 viral viral JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 19 infection infection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 20 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 21 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 22 animal animal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 23 model model NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 24 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 25 different different JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 26 influenza influenza NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 27 strains strain NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 28 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 29 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 30 manifested manifest VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 31 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 32 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 33 90%-99 90%-99 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 34 % % NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 35 reduction reduction NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 36 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 37 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 38 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 39 burden burden NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 40 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 41 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 42 lungs lung NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 43 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 44 treated treat VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 45 mice mouse NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 46 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 47 100 100 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 48 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 284 49 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 2 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 3 NAS-24 NAS-24 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 4 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 5 found find VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 6 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 7 bind bind VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 8 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 9 vimentin vimentin NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 10 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 11 then then RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 12 cause cause VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 13 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 15 mouse mouse NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 16 ascites ascites NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 17 adenocarcinoma adenocarcinoma NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 18 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 19 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 20 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 21 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 22 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 23 vivo vivo NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 25 101 101 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 285 27 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 286 1 Recently recently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 286 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 286 3 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 286 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 286 5 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 286 6 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 286 7 epidermal epidermal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 286 8 growth growth NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 286 9 factor factor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 286 10 receptor receptor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 286 11 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 2 ErbB-2 ErbB-2 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 3 / / SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 4 HER2 HER2 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 6 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 7 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 8 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 9 retard retard VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 11 tumorigenic tumorigenic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 12 growth growth NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 13 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 14 gastric gastric JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 15 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 16 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 17 mice mouse NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 18 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 19 more more JJR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 20 effective effective JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 21 activity activity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 22 than than IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 23 anti anti JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 24 - - NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 25 ErbB-2 ErbB-2 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 26 / / SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 27 HER2 her2 JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 28 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 29 antibody antibody NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 31 102 102 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 287 33 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 3 remyelination remyelination NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 4 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 5 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 6 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 7 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 8 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 9 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 10 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 11 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 12 mouse mouse NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 13 model model NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 15 multiple multiple JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 16 sclerosis sclerosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 18 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 19 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 20 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 21 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 22 central central JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 23 nervous nervous JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 24 system system NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 26 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 27 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 28 highlights highlight VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 29 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 30 potential potential JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 31 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 32 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 33 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 34 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 35 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 36 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 37 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 38 treatment treatment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 39 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 40 multiple multiple JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 41 sclerosis sclerosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 43 103 103 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 288 45 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 1 Cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 2 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 3 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 4 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 5 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 6 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 7 help help VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 8 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 9 increase increase VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 11 efficiency efficiency NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 12 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 13 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 14 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 15 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 16 reduce reduce VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 17 side side NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 18 effects effect NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 289 19 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 2 addition addition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 3 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 4 functioning function VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 5 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 6 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 7 agents agent NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 8 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 9 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 10 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 11 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 12 also also RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 13 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 14 explored explore VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 15 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 16 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 17 vehicles vehicle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 18 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 19 targeted target VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 20 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 21 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 22 drugs drug NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 23 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 24 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 25 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 26 such such JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 27 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 28 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 29 interference interference NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 30 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 32 siRNA siRNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 34 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 35 microRNA microRNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 37 miRNA miRNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 290 39 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 2 ability ability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 5 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 6 specifically specifically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 7 recognize recognize VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 9 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 10 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 11 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 12 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 13 readily readily RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 14 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 15 makes make VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 17 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 18 potential potential JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 19 targeted target VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 20 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 21 tool tool NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 291 22 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 2 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 3 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 4 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 5 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 6 two two CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 7 ways way NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 8 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 9 targeted target VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 10 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 11 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 12 drugs drug NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 13 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 15 1 1 LS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 17 directly directly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 18 linked link VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 19 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 20 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 21 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 22 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 23 ; ; , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 25 2 2 LS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 27 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 28 combination combination NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 29 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 30 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 31 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 32 form form VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 33 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 34 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 35 platform platform NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 292 36 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 1 Conjugating conjugate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 2 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 3 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 4 directly directly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 5 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 6 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 7 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 8 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 9 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 10 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 11 potential potential JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 12 way way NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 13 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 14 deliver deliver VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 15 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 16 drugs drug NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 17 specifically specifically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 18 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 19 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 20 thus thus RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 21 reduce reduce VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 22 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 23 risk risk NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 24 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 25 off off IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 26 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 27 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 28 drugs drug NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 293 29 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 1 By by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 2 linking link VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 3 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 5 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 6 drugs drug NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 7 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 8 packing pack VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 10 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 11 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 12 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 13 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 14 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 15 folded fold VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 16 structure structure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 17 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 18 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 19 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 20 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 21 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 22 conjugates conjugate NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 23 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 24 efficiently efficiently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 25 deliver deliver VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 26 drugs drug NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 27 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 28 target target VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 29 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 30 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 31 increased increase VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 32 specificity specificity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 294 33 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 1 Many many JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 2 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 3 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 4 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 5 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 6 selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 7 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 8 efficiently efficiently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 9 deliver deliver VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 10 chemotherapy chemotherapy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 11 drugs drug NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 12 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 13 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 14 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 15 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 16 vivo vivo NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 17 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 18 such such JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 19 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 20 doxorubicin doxorubicin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 22 DOX DOX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 25 104 104 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 27 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 28 fluorouracil fluorouracil NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 30 105 105 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 32 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 33 epirubicin epirubicin VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 35 106 106 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 295 37 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 1 Dimeric dimeric JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 2 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 3 dendrimer dendrimer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 4 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 5 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 6 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 7 conjugation conjugation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 8 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 9 drugs drug NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 10 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 11 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 12 developed develop VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 13 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 14 further further RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 15 enhance enhance VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 16 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 17 efficiency efficiency NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 18 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 19 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 20 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 22 107 107 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 23 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 24 108 108 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 296 26 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 1 With with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 2 regard regard NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 3 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 4 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 5 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 6 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 8 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 9 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 10 were be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 11 directly directly RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 12 linked link VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 13 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 15 small small JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 16 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 17 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 18 form form VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 19 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 20 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 21 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 22 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 23 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 24 chimera chimera NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 25 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 26 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 27 could could MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 28 help help VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 29 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 30 prevent prevent VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 31 non non JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 32 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 33 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 34 internalization internalization NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 35 as as RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 36 well well RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 37 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 38 decrease decrease VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 39 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 40 cellular cellular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 41 toxicity toxicity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 42 towards towards IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 43 non non JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 44 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 45 target target JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 46 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 297 47 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 2 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 3 reported report VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 4 that that IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 5 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 6 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 7 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 8 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 9 siRNA siRNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 10 chimera chimera NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 11 could could MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 12 specifically specifically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 13 enter enter VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 14 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 15 CD4 CD4 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 17 + + NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 19 T t NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 20 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 21 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 22 efficiently efficiently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 23 decrease decrease VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 24 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 25 expression expression NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 26 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 27 exogenous exogenous JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 28 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 29 HIV HIV NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 30 protease protease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 31 gene gene NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 33 18 18 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 298 35 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 1 An an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 2 anti anti JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 3 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 4 mucin mucin JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 5 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 6 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 7 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 8 covalently covalently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 9 linked link VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 10 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 11 miRNA-29b miRNA-29b NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 12 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 13 found find VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 14 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 15 deliver deliver VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 16 miRNA-29b miRNA-29b NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 17 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 18 ovarian ovarian JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 19 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 20 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 21 specifically specifically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 22 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 23 induce induce VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 24 significant significant JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 25 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 26 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 27 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 28 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 29 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 31 109 109 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 299 33 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 2 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 3 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 4 combination combination NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 5 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 6 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 7 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 8 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 9 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 10 vehicle vehicle NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 11 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 12 another another DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 13 promising promising JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 14 targeted target VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 15 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 16 approach approach NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 300 17 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 2 number number NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 4 nanomaterials nanomaterial NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 5 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 6 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 7 explored explore VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 8 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 9 conjugate conjugate VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 10 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 11 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 12 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 13 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 14 form form VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 15 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 16 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 17 platform platform NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 19 110 110 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 20 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 21 111 111 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 301 23 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 2 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 3 conjugated conjugate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 4 liposome liposome NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 5 likely likely RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 6 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 8 highest high JJS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 9 potential potential NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 10 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 11 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 12 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 13 system system NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 14 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 15 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 16 liposome liposome NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 17 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 18 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 19 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 20 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 21 systems system NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 22 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 23 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 24 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 25 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 26 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 27 trials trial NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 302 28 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 1 For for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 2 example example NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 3 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 4 AS1411 AS1411 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 5 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 6 conjugated conjugated JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 7 liposome liposome NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 8 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 9 found find VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 10 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 11 able able JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 12 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 13 enhance enhance VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 14 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 15 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 16 specificity specificity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 17 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 18 uptake uptake NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 19 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 20 DOX DOX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 21 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 22 tumor tumor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 23 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 24 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 25 as as RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 26 well well RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 27 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 28 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 29 increase increase VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 30 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 31 accumulation accumulation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 32 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 33 DOX DOX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 34 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 35 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 36 tumor tumor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 37 tissues tissue NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 38 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 39 reduced reduce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 40 cardiotoxicity cardiotoxicity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 41 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 42 vivo vivo NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 44 112 112 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 303 46 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 1 Micelles Micelles NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 3 aggregation aggregation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 5 lipid lipid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 6 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 8 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 9 also also RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 10 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 11 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 12 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 13 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 14 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 15 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 16 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 17 systems system NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 304 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 1 Recently recently RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 3 AS1411 AS1411 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 4 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 5 conjugated conjugate VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 6 PEG peg NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 7 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 8 poly(lactic poly(lactic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 9 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 10 co co NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 11 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 12 glycolic glycolic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 13 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 16 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 18 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 19 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 20 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 21 developed develop VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 22 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 23 facilitate facilitate VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 24 antiglioma antiglioma NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 25 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 26 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 27 paclitaxel paclitaxel NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 28 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 29 vivo vivo NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 31 49 49 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 305 33 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 1 This this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 2 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 4 PEG PEG NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 5 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 6 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 7 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 8 system system NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 9 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 10 prolong prolong VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 11 circulation circulation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 12 time time NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 14 enhance enhance VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 15 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 16 accumulation accumulation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 17 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 18 paclitaxel paclitaxel NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 19 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 20 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 21 facilitates facilitate VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 22 tumor tumor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 23 inhibition inhibition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 306 24 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 1 Gold gold NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 2 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 3 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 4 another another DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 5 attractive attractive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 6 material material NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 7 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 8 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 9 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 10 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 11 system system NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 12 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 13 because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 16 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 17 stability stability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 18 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 19 low low JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 20 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 21 no no DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 22 toxicity toxicity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 23 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 24 facile facile JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 25 conjugation conjugation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 307 26 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 2 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 3 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 5 sgc8c sgc8c NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 7 conjugated conjugate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 8 gold gold NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 9 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 10 system system NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 11 has have VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 12 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 13 found find VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 14 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 15 increase increase VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 16 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 17 uptake uptake NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 18 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 19 DOX DOX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 20 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 21 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 22 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 24 113 113 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 308 26 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 1 Other other JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 2 nanomaterials nanomaterial NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 3 such such JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 4 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 5 silica silica NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 6 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 7 carbon carbon NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 8 nanotubes nanotube NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 9 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 10 quantum quantum NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 11 dots dot NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 12 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 13 also also RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 14 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 15 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 16 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 17 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 18 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 19 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 20 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 21 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 22 systems system NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 23 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 24 enhance enhance VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 25 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 26 specificity specificity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 27 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 28 prolong prolong VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 29 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 30 circulation circulation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 31 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 32 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 33 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 35 114 114 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 309 37 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 1 By by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 2 summarizing summarize VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 3 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 4 progress progress NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 5 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 7 generation generation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 8 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 9 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 10 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 11 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 13 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 14 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 15 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 16 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 17 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 18 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 19 therapy therapy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 20 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 21 we -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 22 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 23 shown show VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 24 that that IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 25 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 26 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 27 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 28 great great JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 29 potential potential NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 30 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 31 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 32 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 33 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 34 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 35 alternative alternative NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 36 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 37 antibodies antibody NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 310 38 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 1 Since since IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 3 first first JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 4 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 5 antibody antibody NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 6 was be VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 7 produced produce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 8 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 9 1970s 1970 NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 10 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 11 antibodies antibody NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 12 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 13 been be VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 14 successfully successfully RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 15 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 16 extensively extensively RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 17 used use VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 18 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 19 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 20 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 21 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 22 therapy therapy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 23 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 24 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 25 diseases disease NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 311 26 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 312 1 Aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 312 2 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 312 3 expected expect VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 312 4 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 312 5 achieve achieve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 312 6 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 312 7 similar similar JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 312 8 success success NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 312 9 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 312 10 antibodies antibody NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 312 11 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 1 Because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 4 stability stability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 5 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 6 low low JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 7 cost cost NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 8 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 9 facile facile JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 10 manipulation manipulation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 11 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 12 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 13 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 14 will will MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 15 continue continue VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 16 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 17 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 18 extensively extensively RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 19 studied study VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 20 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 21 applied apply VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 313 22 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 1 Although although IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 2 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 5 have have VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 6 enhanced enhance VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 7 stability stability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 8 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 9 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 10 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 11 cost cost NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 12 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 13 chemically chemically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 14 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 16 might may MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 17 limit limit VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 19 study study NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 20 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 21 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 314 22 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 1 However however RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 5 hold hold VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 6 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 7 advantage advantage NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 8 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 9 providing provide VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 10 more more RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 11 complex complex JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 12 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 13 diverse diverse JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 14 3D 3d JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 15 structures structure NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 17 which which WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 18 is be VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 19 helpful helpful JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 20 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 21 selecting select VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 22 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 23 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 24 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 25 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 26 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 27 complex complex JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 28 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 29 needed need VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 30 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 31 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 32 therapy therapy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 315 33 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 3 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 4 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 5 might may MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 6 have have VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 7 more more RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 8 promising promising JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 9 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 10 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 11 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 12 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 13 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 14 vivo vivo NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 15 imaging imaging NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 16 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 17 while while IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 18 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 20 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 21 might may MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 22 have have VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 23 more more RBR cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 24 promising promising JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 25 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 26 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 27 therapy therapy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 316 28 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 2 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 3 era era NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 5 personalized personalized JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 6 medicine medicine NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 8 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 9 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 10 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 11 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 12 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 14 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 15 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 16 believed believe VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 17 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 18 have have VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 19 great great JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 20 potential potential NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 21 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 22 extensive extensive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 23 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 24 because because IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 25 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 26 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 27 flexibility flexibility NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 28 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 29 specifically specifically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 30 bind bind VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 31 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 32 any any DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 33 molecule molecule NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 34 targets target NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 317 35 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 1 Before before IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 2 they -PRON- PRP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 3 can can MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 4 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 5 widely widely RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 6 applied apply VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 8 there there EX cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 9 are be VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 10 still still RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 11 many many JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 12 problems problem NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 13 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 14 remain remain VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 15 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 16 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 17 addressed address VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 318 18 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 1 Problems problem NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 2 like like IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 3 nuclease nuclease NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 4 degradation degradation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 5 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 6 quick quick JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 7 renal renal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 8 excretion excretion NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 9 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 10 potential potential JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 11 cross cross NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 12 - - NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 13 reactivity reactivity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 15 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 16 should should MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 17 be be VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 18 analyzed analyze VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 19 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 20 future future JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 21 studies study NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 319 22 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 1 Systematic systematic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 2 evolution evolution NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 4 ligands ligand NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 5 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 6 exponential exponential JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 7 enrichment enrichment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 8 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 9 RNA rna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 10 ligands ligand NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 11 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 12 bacteriophage bacteriophage NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 13 T4 T4 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 14 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 320 15 polymerase polymerase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 2 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 3 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 6 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 7 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 8 bind bind VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 9 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 10 ligands ligand NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 11 Selection Selection NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 12 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 13 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 15 single single RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 16 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 17 stranded strand VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 18 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 19 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 20 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 21 fold fold VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 22 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 23 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 24 ligand ligand NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 25 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 26 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 27 structures structure NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 28 Selection Selection NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 29 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 30 single single RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 31 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 32 stranded strand VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 33 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 34 molecules molecule NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 35 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 36 bind bind VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 37 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 38 inhibit inhibit VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 39 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 40 thrombin thrombin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 41 Aptamers Aptamers NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 42 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 43 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 44 Single Single NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 45 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 46 Stranded Stranded NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 47 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 48 Aptamers Aptamers NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 49 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 50 Pathogens Pathogens NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 51 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 52 Toxins toxin NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 53 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 54 Identification identification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 55 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 56 Biosensing Biosensing NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 321 57 Applications Applications NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 2 Highlight Highlight NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 4 Recent Recent NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 5 Advances Advances NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 6 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 7 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 8 Technology Technology NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 9 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 10 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 11 Application Application NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 12 Aptamers Aptamers NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 14 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 15 biological biological JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 16 applications application NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 17 Applications application NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 18 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 19 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 20 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 21 chemistry chemistry NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 22 analysis analysis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 23 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 24 medicine medicine NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 25 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 26 food food NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 27 security security NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 28 Outlook Outlook NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 29 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 30 Aptamers Aptamers NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 31 after after IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 32 Twenty Twenty NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 33 Five five CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 322 34 Years year NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 323 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 323 2 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 323 3 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 323 4 genetic genetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 323 5 control control NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 323 6 devices device NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 323 7 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 2 potential potential NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 4 riboswitches riboswitche NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 5 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 6 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 7 elements element NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 8 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 9 regulating regulate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 10 gene gene NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 11 expression expression NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 12 Pegaptanib Pegaptanib NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 14 Macugen Macugen NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 324 16 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 325 1 Treating treat VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 325 2 neovascular neovascular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 325 3 age age NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 325 4 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 325 5 related relate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 325 6 macular macular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 325 7 degeneration degeneration NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 325 8 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 325 9 current current JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 325 10 role role NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 325 11 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 325 12 clinical clinical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 325 13 practice practice NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 1 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 2 nanomedicine nanomedicine NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 3 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 4 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 5 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 6 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 7 Barriers barrier NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 8 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 9 potential potential NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 10 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 11 translation translation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 12 Aptamers Aptamers NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 13 Market Market NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 14 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 15 Global Global NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 16 Forecast Forecast NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 17 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 18 2020 2020 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 19 Post Post NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 20 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 21 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 22 chemical chemical NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 23 optimization optimization NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 24 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 25 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 26 trypanosome trypanosome NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 27 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 28 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 29 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 30 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 31 Building building NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 32 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 33 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 34 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 35 non non JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 36 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 37 natural natural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 38 chemistries chemistry NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 39 Inhibition inhibition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 40 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 41 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 42 protease protease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 43 expression expression NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 44 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 45 T t NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 46 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 47 owing owe VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 48 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 49 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 50 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 51 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 52 mediated mediate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 53 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 54 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 55 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 56 siRNA siRNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 57 Improving improve VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 58 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 59 Stability Stability NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 60 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 61 Aptamers Aptamers NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 62 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 63 Chemical Chemical NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 64 Modification Modification NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 65 Influence influence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 66 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 67 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 68 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 69 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 70 -hydroxyl -hydroxyl CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 71 group group NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 72 conformation conformation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 73 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 74 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 75 stability stability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 76 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 77 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 78 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 79 form form NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 80 helices helix NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 81 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 82 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 83 Oligonucleotide Oligonucleotide NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 84 Aptamers Aptamers NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 85 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 86 New New NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 87 Tools Tools NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 88 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 89 Targeted Targeted NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 90 Cancer Cancer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 326 91 Therapy Therapy NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 327 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 327 2 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 327 3 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 327 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 327 5 functional functional JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 327 6 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 327 7 acids acid NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 327 8 Aptamers Aptamers NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 327 9 Overview Overview NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 327 10 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 1 Selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 2 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 3 Features Features NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 4 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 5 Applications Applications NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 6 Single Single NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 7 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 8 stranded strand VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 9 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 11 ssDNA ssdna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 13 production production NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 14 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 15 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 16 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 17 generation generation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 18 Development Development NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 19 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 20 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 21 novel novel JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 22 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 23 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 24 ligand ligand NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 25 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 26 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 27 primary primary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 28 cultured cultured JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 29 tumor tumor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 30 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 31 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 32 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 33 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 34 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 35 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 36 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 37 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 38 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 39 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 40 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 41 evolved evolve VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 42 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 43 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 44 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 45 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 46 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 47 recognition recognition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 48 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 49 prostate prostate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 50 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 51 Development Development NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 52 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 53 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 54 efficient efficient JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 55 targeted target VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 56 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 57 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 58 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 59 procedure procedure NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 60 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 61 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 62 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 63 reagents reagent NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 64 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 65 two two CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 66 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 67 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 68 stimulus stimulus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 69 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 70 response response NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 71 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 72 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 73 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 74 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 75 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 76 generate generate VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 77 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 78 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 79 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 80 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 81 recognize recognize VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 82 inflamed inflamed JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 83 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 84 aortic aortic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 85 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 86 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 87 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 88 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 89 potential potential NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 90 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 91 vivo vivo NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 92 molecular molecular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 93 probe probe NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 94 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 95 atherosclerosis atherosclerosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 96 plaque plaque NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 97 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 98 Evolution evolution NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 99 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 100 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 101 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 102 through through IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 103 in in FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 104 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 105 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 106 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 107 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 108 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 109 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 110 systematic systematic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 111 evolution evolution NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 112 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 113 ligands ligand NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 114 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 115 exponential exponential JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 116 enrichment enrichment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 117 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 118 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 119 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 120 recognition recognition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 121 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 122 imaging image VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 123 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 124 silico silico NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 125 maturation maturation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 126 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 127 binding binding NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 128 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 129 specificity specificity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 130 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 131 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 132 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 133 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 134 Proteus Proteus NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 135 mirabilis mirabilis NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 136 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 137 novel novel NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 138 protocol protocol NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 139 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 140 generating generate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 141 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 142 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 143 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 144 ssDNA ssdna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 145 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 146 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 147 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 148 alternating alternate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 149 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 150 fields field NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 151 Magnetic Magnetic NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 152 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 153 assisted assist VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 154 rapid rapid JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 155 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 156 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 157 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 158 MARAS MARAS NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 159 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 160 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 161 generating generate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 162 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 163 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 164 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 165 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 166 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 167 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 168 rotating rotate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 169 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 170 fields field NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 171 Rapid Rapid NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 172 one one CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 173 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 174 step step NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 175 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 176 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 177 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 178 generating generate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 179 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 180 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 181 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 328 182 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 1 Development development NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 2 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 3 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 4 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 5 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 6 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 7 alpha alpha NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 8 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 9 bungarotoxin bungarotoxin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 10 Array array NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 11 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 12 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 13 evolution evolution NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 14 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 15 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 16 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 17 allows allow VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 18 modelling modelling NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 19 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 20 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 21 explicit explicit JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 22 sequence sequence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 23 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 24 fitness fitness NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 25 landscape landscape NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 26 Single Single NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 27 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 28 Round Round NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 29 Patterned Patterned NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 30 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 31 Library Library NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 32 Microarray Microarray NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 33 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 34 Lead Lead NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 329 35 Identification Identification NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 330 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 330 2 application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 330 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 330 4 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 330 5 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 330 6 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 330 7 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 330 8 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 330 9 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 330 10 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 331 1 Novel novel JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 331 2 thrombin thrombin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 331 3 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 331 4 containing contain VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 331 5 5-(1-pentynyl)-2 5-(1-pentynyl)-2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 331 6 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 332 1 -deoxyuridine -deoxyuridine : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 332 2 Molecular molecular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 332 3 evolution evolution NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 332 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 332 5 functional functional JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 332 6 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 332 7 acids acid NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 332 8 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 332 9 chemical chemical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 332 10 modifications modification NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 1 Novel novel JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 2 combinatorial combinatorial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 3 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 5 phosphorothioate phosphorothioate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 6 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 7 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 8 Chemically chemically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 9 modified modify VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 10 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 11 acid acid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 12 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 13 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 14 in in FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 15 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 16 selections selection NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 333 17 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 334 1 Evolving evolve VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 334 2 evolution evolution NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 334 3 Effect effect NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 334 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 334 5 3 3 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 334 6 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 1 -end -end : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 2 capping cap VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 4 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 5 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 6 various various JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 7 2 2 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 8 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 9 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 10 4 4 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 11 1 1 CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 12 -bridged -bridge VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 13 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 335 14 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 1 Enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 2 post post NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 3 - - NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 4 modification modification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 5 toward toward IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 6 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 7 practical practical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 8 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 9 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 10 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 11 aptamers aptamers NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 12 Application Application NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 13 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 14 locked locked JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 15 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 16 acids acid NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 17 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 18 improve improve VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 19 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 20 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 21 vivo vivo NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 22 stability stability NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 23 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 24 targeting targeting NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 25 function function NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 26 Locked lock VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 27 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 28 acids acid NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 336 29 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 2 promising promising JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 3 molecular molecular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 4 family family NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 5 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 6 gene gene NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 7 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 8 function function NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 9 analysis analysis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 10 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 11 antisense antisense NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 12 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 13 development development NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 14 Selection Selection NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 15 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 16 LNA LNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 17 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 18 containing contain VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 19 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 20 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 21 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 22 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 23 human human NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 24 CD73 CD73 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 25 Synthesis Synthesis NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 26 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 27 properties property NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 28 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 29 mirror mirror NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 30 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 31 image image NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 32 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 33 Simple simple JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 34 PEG peg NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 35 Modification modification NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 36 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 37 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 337 38 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 338 1 Based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 338 2 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 338 3 Copper Copper NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 338 4 Ion Ion NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 338 5 Coordination Coordination NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 338 6 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 338 7 Tumor tumor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 1 Targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 2 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 3 multivalent multivalent JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 4 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 5 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 6 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 7 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 8 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 9 B b NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 10 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 11 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 12 receptor receptor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 13 on on IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 14 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 15 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 16 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 17 leukemia leukemia NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 18 Affinity Affinity NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 19 analysis analysis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 20 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 21 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 22 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 23 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 24 peptide peptide NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 25 interactions interaction NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 26 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 27 gold gold NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 28 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 29 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 30 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 31 functionalized functionalize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 32 PEG PEG NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 33 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 34 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 35 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 36 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 37 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 38 anti anti JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 39 - - JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 40 glioma glioma JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 41 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 42 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 43 Selective Selective NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 44 Delivery Delivery NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 45 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 46 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 47 Anticancer Anticancer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 48 Drug Drug NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 49 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 50 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 51 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 52 Functionalized Functionalized NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 53 Liposomes Liposomes NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 54 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 55 Breast breast NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 56 Cancer Cancer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 57 Cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 58 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 59 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 60 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 61 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 62 vivo vivo NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 63 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 64 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 65 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 66 micelle micelle NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 67 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 68 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 69 efficient efficient JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 70 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 71 / / SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 72 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 73 vehicle vehicle NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 74 toward toward IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 75 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 76 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 77 Applications application NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 78 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 79 Aptasensors Aptasensors NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 80 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 81 Clinical Clinical NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 339 82 Diagnostics Diagnostics NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 2 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 3 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 5 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 6 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 7 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 8 anthrax anthrax NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 9 spores spore NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 10 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 11 electrochemiluminescence electrochemiluminescence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 12 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 13 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 340 14 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 1 Selected select VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 2 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 3 Pancreatic Pancreatic NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 4 Ductal Ductal NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 5 Adenocarcinoma Adenocarcinoma NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 6 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 7 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 8 vivo vivo NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 9 Imaging Imaging NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 10 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 11 Clinical Clinical NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 12 Tissue Tissue NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 13 Recognition Recognition NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 14 Cell Cell NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 15 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 16 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 17 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 18 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 19 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 20 characterization characterization NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 21 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 22 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 23 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 24 recognizing recognize VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 25 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 26 hepatocarcinoma hepatocarcinoma NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 27 Molecular Molecular NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 28 Recognition Recognition NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 29 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 30 Human Human NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 31 Liver Liver NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 32 Cancer Cancer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 33 Cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 34 Using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 35 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 36 Aptamers Aptamers NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 37 Generated generate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 341 38 via via IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 1 Cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 2 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 3 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 4 Cell Cell NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 5 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 6 SELEX SELEX NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 7 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 8 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 9 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 10 optimization optimization NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 11 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 12 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 13 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 14 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 15 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 16 recognition recognition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 17 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 18 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 342 19 cholangiocarcinoma cholangiocarcinoma NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 343 1 QBC-939 QBC-939 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 343 2 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 2 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 4 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 5 single single RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 6 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 7 stranded strand VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 8 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 9 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 10 specifically specifically RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 11 targets target VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 12 gastric gastric JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 13 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 14 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 15 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 16 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 17 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 18 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 19 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 20 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 21 specificity specificity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 22 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 23 molecular molecular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 24 recognition recognition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 25 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 26 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 27 therapy therapy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 28 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 29 gastric gastric JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 344 30 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 2 Vitro Vitro NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 3 Selection Selection NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 5 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 6 Aptamers Aptamers NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 7 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 8 Metastatic Metastatic NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 9 Breast Breast NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 10 Cancer Cancer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 11 Cell Cell NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 12 Recognition Recognition NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 13 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 14 Tissue Tissue NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 15 Imaging Imaging NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 16 Selection Selection NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 17 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 18 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 19 Aptamers Aptamers NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 20 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 21 Glioblastoma Glioblastoma NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 22 Cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 23 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 24 High High NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 25 Affinity Affinity NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 26 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 27 Specificity Specificity NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 28 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 29 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 30 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 31 target target VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 32 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 33 glioblastoma glioblastoma NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 34 multiforme multiforme NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 35 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 36 overexpressing overexpresse VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 37 epidermal epidermal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 38 growth growth NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 39 factor factor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 40 receptor receptor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 41 variant variant NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 42 III III NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 43 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 44 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 45 Selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 46 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 47 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 48 Aptamers Aptamers NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 49 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 50 Epithelial epithelial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 51 Cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 52 Adhesion adhesion NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 53 Molecule Molecule NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 54 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 55 Cancer Cancer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 56 Cell Cell NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 57 Imaging Imaging NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 58 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 59 Circulating circulate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 60 Tumor tumor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 61 Cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 62 Capture capture NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 63 Probing probe VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 64 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 65 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 66 sequences sequence NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 67 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 68 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 69 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 70 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 71 VEGF165 VEGF165 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 72 Selection Selection NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 73 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 74 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 75 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 76 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 77 VEGF(165 VEGF(165 NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 78 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 79 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 80 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 81 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 82 competitor competitor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 83 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 84 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 85 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 86 blotting blotting NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 345 87 method method NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 1 In in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 2 Vitro Vitro NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 3 Selection Selection NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 5 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 6 Aptamers Aptamers NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 7 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 8 Glioblastoma Glioblastoma NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 9 Multiforme Multiforme NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 10 Selection Selection NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 11 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 12 characterization characterization NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 13 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 14 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 15 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 16 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 17 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 18 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 19 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 20 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 21 avian avian JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 22 influenza influenza NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 23 virus virus NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 24 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 25 Development Development NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 26 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 27 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 28 fluorescent fluorescent JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 29 enzyme enzyme NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 30 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 31 linked link VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 32 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 33 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 34 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 35 magnetic magnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 36 bead bead NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 37 sandwich sandwich NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 38 assay assay NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 39 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 40 portable portable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 41 fluorometer fluorometer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 42 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 43 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 44 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 45 rapid rapid JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 46 leishmania leishmania NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 47 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 48 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 49 sandflies sandfly NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 50 Label label VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 51 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 52 free free JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 53 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 54 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 55 prion prion NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 56 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 57 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 58 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 59 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 60 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 61 through through IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 62 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 63 formation formation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 64 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 65 T T NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 66 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 67 Hg2 Hg2 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 68 + + SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 69 -T -T : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 70 configuration configuration NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 71 Application application NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 72 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 73 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 74 novel novel NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 75 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 76 vitro vitro FW cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 77 selection selection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 78 technique technique NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 79 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 80 isolate isolate VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 81 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 82 characterise characterise VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 83 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 84 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 85 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 86 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 87 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 88 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 89 prion prion NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 90 proteins protein NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 91 Structural structural JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 92 basis basis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 93 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 94 discriminatory discriminatory JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 95 recognition recognition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 96 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 97 Plasmodium plasmodium NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 98 lactate lactate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 99 dehydrogenase dehydrogenase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 100 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 101 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 102 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 103 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 104 Screening screening NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 105 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 106 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 107 Aptamers Aptamers NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 108 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 109 Myoglobin myoglobin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 110 Using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 111 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 112 Positive positive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 113 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 114 Negative negative JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 115 Selection Selection NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 116 Units Units NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 117 Integrated Integrated NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 118 Microfluidic Microfluidic NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 119 Chip Chip NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 120 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 121 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 122 Biosensing Biosensing NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 123 Application Application NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 124 Development Development NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 125 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 126 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 127 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 128 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 129 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 130 direct direct JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 131 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 132 selective selective JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 133 homocysteine homocysteine JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 134 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 135 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 136 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 137 serum serum NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 138 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 139 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 140 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 141 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 142 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 143 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 144 prostate prostate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 145 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 146 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 147 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 148 against against IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 149 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 150 MUC1 MUC1 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 151 tumour tumour NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 152 marker marker NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 153 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 154 Design design NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 155 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 156 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 157 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 158 antibody antibody NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 159 sandwich sandwich NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 160 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 161 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 162 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 163 early early JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 164 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 165 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 166 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 167 tumours tumour NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 168 Sensitive sensitive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 169 point point NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 170 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 171 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 172 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 173 care care NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 174 monitoring monitoring NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 175 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 176 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 177 biomarker biomarker NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 178 myoglobin myoglobin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 179 using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 180 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 181 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 182 ubiquitous ubiquitous JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 183 personal personal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 184 glucose glucose NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 185 meter meter NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 186 C c NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 187 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 188 reactive reactive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 189 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 190 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 191 inflammation inflammation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 192 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 193 coronary coronary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 194 heart heart NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 195 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 196 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 197 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 198 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 199 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 200 surface surface NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 201 plasmon plasmon JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 202 resonance resonance NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 203 sensing sensing NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 204 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 205 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 206 C c NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 207 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 208 reactive reactive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 209 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 210 Homocysteine Homocysteine NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 211 level level NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 212 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 213 coronary coronary JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 214 heart heart NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 215 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 216 incidence incidence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 217 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 218 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 219 systematic systematic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 220 review review NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 221 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 222 meta meta NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 223 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 224 analysis analysis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 225 Thrombin Thrombin NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 226 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 227 inflammation inflammation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 228 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 229 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 230 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 231 disease disease NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 346 232 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 347 1 An an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 347 2 epidemiologic epidemiologic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 347 3 perspective perspective NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 347 4 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 347 5 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 347 6 assays assay NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 347 7 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 347 8 proteins protein NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 347 9 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 2 thrombin thrombin JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 3 example example NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 4 - - : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 5 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 6 review review NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 7 Design design NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 8 strategies strategy NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 9 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 10 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 11 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 12 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 13 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 14 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 15 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 16 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 17 molecular molecular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 18 recognition recognition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 19 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 20 biosensor biosensor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 21 development development NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 22 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 23 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 24 bioanalytical bioanalytical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 25 applications application NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 26 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 27 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 28 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 29 biosensors biosensor NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 30 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 31 biomedical biomedical JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 32 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 33 Structure Structure NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 34 - - : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 35 switching switch VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 36 signaling signal VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 37 aptamers aptamers NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 38 Structure Structure NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 39 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 40 switching switch VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 41 signaling signal VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 42 aptamers aptamer NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 348 43 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 1 Transducing transduce VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 2 molecular molecular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 3 recognition recognition NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 4 into into IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 5 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 6 signaling signal VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 7 Enzyme Enzyme NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 8 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 9 Linked link VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 10 Small Small NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 11 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 12 Molecule molecule NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 13 Detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 14 Using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 15 Split Split NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 16 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 17 Ligation Ligation NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 18 Target Target NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 19 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 20 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 21 conjunction conjunction NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 22 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 23 split split JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 24 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 25 fragments fragment NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 26 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 27 assembly assembly NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 28 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 29 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 30 water water NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 31 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 32 soluble soluble JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 33 conjugated conjugate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 34 polymer polymer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 35 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 36 improved improved JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 37 protein protein NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 38 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 39 An an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 40 aptamer aptamer RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 41 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 42 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 43 biosensor biosensor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 44 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 45 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 46 thrombin thrombin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 349 47 detection detection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 2 nucleolin nucleolin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 3 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 4 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 5 AS1411 AS1411 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 6 destabilizes destabilize VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 7 Bcl-2 Bcl-2 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 8 messenger messenger NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 10 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 11 human human JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 12 breast breast NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 13 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 350 14 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 351 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 351 2 phase phase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 1 II II NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 2 trial trial NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 4 AS1411 as1411 NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 6 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 7 novel novel JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 8 nucleolin nucleolin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 9 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 10 targeted target VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 11 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 12 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 14 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 15 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 16 renal renal JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 17 cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 18 carcinoma carcinoma NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 19 Randomized randomized JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 20 phase phase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 21 II ii CD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 22 trial trial NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 23 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 24 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 25 nucleolin nucleolin NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 26 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 27 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 28 AS1411 as1411 NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 29 combined combine VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 30 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 31 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 32 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 33 dose dose NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 34 cytarabine cytarabine NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 35 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 36 relapsed relapse VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 37 / / SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 38 refractory refractory JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 39 acute acute JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 40 myeloid myeloid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 41 leukemia leukemia NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 43 AML AML NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 352 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 353 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 353 2 von von NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 353 3 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 353 4 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 354 1 ARC1779 ARC1779 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 354 2 reduces reduce VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 354 3 cerebral cerebral JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 354 4 embolization embolization NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 354 5 after after IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 354 6 carotid carotid NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 354 7 endarterectomy endarterectomy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 354 8 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 355 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 355 2 randomized randomized JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 355 3 trial trial NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 356 1 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 356 2 dose dose NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 356 3 ranging ranging NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 356 4 phase phase NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 357 1 I I NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 357 2 / / SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 357 3 II II NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 357 4 trial trial NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 357 5 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 357 6 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 357 7 von von NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 357 8 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 357 9 factor factor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 357 10 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 357 11 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 358 1 ARC1779 ARC1779 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 358 2 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 358 3 patients patient NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 358 4 with with IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 358 5 congenital congenital JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 358 6 thrombotic thrombotic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 358 7 thrombocytopenic thrombocytopenic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 358 8 purpura purpura NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 359 1 Emerging emerge VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 359 2 pharmacologic pharmacologic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 359 3 therapies therapy NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 359 4 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 359 5 wet wet JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 359 6 age age NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 359 7 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 359 8 related relate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 359 9 macular macular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 359 10 degeneration degeneration NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 359 11 AS-1411 AS-1411 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 359 12 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 1 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 2 guanosine guanosine JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 3 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 4 rich rich JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 5 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 6 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 7 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 8 nucleolin nucleolin NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 9 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 11 potential potential JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 12 treatment treatment NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 13 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 14 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 15 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 16 including include VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 17 acute acute JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 18 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 19 leukemia leukemia NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 20 ARC-1779 ARC-1779 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 21 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 22 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 23 PEGylated pegylated JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 24 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 25 antagonist antagonist NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 26 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 27 von von NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 28 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 29 factor factor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 30 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 31 potential potential JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 32 use use NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 33 as as IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 34 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 35 anticoagulant anticoagulant JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 36 or or CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 37 antithrombotic antithrombotic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 38 agent agent NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 39 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 40 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 41 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 42 prevents prevent VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 43 influenza influenza NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 44 infection infection NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 45 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 46 blocking block VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 47 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 48 receptor receptor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 49 binding bind VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 50 region region NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 51 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 52 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 53 viral viral JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 54 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 55 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 56 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 57 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 58 targeting target VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 59 vimentin vimentin NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 60 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 61 tumor tumor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 62 therapy therapy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 63 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 64 vivo vivo NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 65 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 66 to to IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 67 ErbB-2 ErbB-2 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 68 / / SYM cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 69 HER2 HER2 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 70 enhances enhance VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 71 degradation degradation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 72 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 73 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 74 target target NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 75 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 76 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 77 tumorigenic tumorigenic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 360 78 growth growth NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 1 Remyelination remyelination NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 2 induced induce VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 3 by by IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 4 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 5 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 6 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 7 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 8 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 9 mouse mouse NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 10 model model NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 11 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 12 multiple multiple JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 13 sclerosis sclerosis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 14 Molecular Molecular NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 15 assembly assembly NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 16 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 17 an an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 18 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 19 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 20 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 21 conjugate conjugate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 22 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 23 targeted target VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 24 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 25 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 26 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 27 tumor tumor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 361 28 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 362 1 Automated automate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 362 2 modular modular JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 362 3 synthesis synthesis NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 362 4 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 362 5 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 362 6 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 362 7 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 362 8 conjugates conjugate NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 362 9 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 1 targeted target VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 2 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 3 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 4 Epirubicin Epirubicin NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 5 loaded load VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 6 super super RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 7 paramagnetic paramagnetic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 8 iron iron NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 9 oxide oxide NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 10 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 11 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 12 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 13 bioconjugate bioconjugate NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 14 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 15 combined combined JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 16 colon colon NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 17 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 18 therapy therapy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 19 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 20 imaging imaging NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 21 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 363 22 vivo vivo NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 1 Dimeric Dimeric NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 3 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 4 Complexes Complexes NNPS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 5 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 6 High high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 7 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 8 capacity capacity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 9 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 10 targeted target VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 11 Drug Drug NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 12 Delivery Delivery NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 13 Using use VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 14 pH ph NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 15 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 364 16 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 1 Covalent Covalent NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 2 Linkages Linkages NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 3 A a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 4 controllable controllable JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 5 aptamer aptamer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 6 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 7 based base VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 8 self self NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 9 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 10 assembled assemble VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 11 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 12 dendrimer dendrimer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 13 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 14 high high JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 15 affinity affinity NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 16 targeting targeting NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 17 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 18 bioimaging bioimaging NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 19 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 20 drug drug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 365 21 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 1 Anticancer anticancer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 2 role role NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 3 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 4 MUC1 MUC1 NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 5 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 6 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 7 miR-29b miR-29b NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 8 chimera chimera NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 9 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 10 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 11 ovarian ovarian JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 12 carcinoma carcinoma NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 13 cells cell NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 14 through through IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 15 regulation regulation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 16 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 17 PTEN PTEN NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 18 methylation methylation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 19 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 20 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 21 conjugated conjugate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 22 nanomaterials nanomaterial NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 23 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 24 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 25 applications application NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 26 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 27 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 28 mediated mediate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 29 targeted target VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 30 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 31 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 32 chemotherapeutic chemotherapeutic JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 33 drugs drug NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 34 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 35 siRNA siRNA NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 36 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 37 cancer cancer NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 366 38 therapy therapy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 1 An an DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 2 AS1411 as1411 NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 3 aptamer aptamer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 4 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 5 conjugated conjugate VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 6 liposomal liposomal NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 7 system system NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 8 containing contain VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 9 a a DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 10 bubble bubble NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 11 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 12 generating generate VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 13 agent agent NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 14 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 15 tumor tumor NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 16 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 17 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 18 chemotherapy chemotherapy NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 19 that that WDT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 20 overcomes overcome VBZ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 21 multidrug multidrug NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 22 resistance resistance NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 23 DNA dna NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 24 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 25 aptamer aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 26 stabilized stabilize VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 27 gold gold NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 28 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 29 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 30 targeted target VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 31 delivery delivery NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 32 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 33 anticancer anticancer JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 34 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 35 Cell cell NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 36 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 37 type type NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 38 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 39 specific specific JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 40 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 41 Aptamer Aptamer NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 42 - - HYPH cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 43 functionalized functionalize VBN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 44 Agents agent NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 45 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 46 Targeted Targeted NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 47 Disease Disease NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 367 48 Therapy Therapy NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 2 authors author NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 3 would would MD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 4 like like VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 5 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 6 thank thank VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 7 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 8 Nagasaki Nagasaki NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 9 University University NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 10 for for IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 11 covering cover VBG cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 13 cost cost NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 14 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 15 publish publish VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 16 this this DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 17 paper paper NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 18 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 19 open open JJ cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 20 access access NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 368 21 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 2 funder funder NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 3 had have VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 4 no no DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 5 role role NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 6 in in IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 7 decision decision NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 8 to to TO cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 9 publish publish VB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 10 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 11 preparation preparation NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 12 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 13 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 14 manuscript manuscript NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 369 15 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 370 1 Author Author NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 370 2 Contributions contribution NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 370 3 : : : cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 370 4 MK MK NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 370 5 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 370 6 QZ QZ NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 370 7 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 370 8 GL GL NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 370 9 conceived conceive VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 370 10 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 370 11 review review NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 370 12 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 1 QZ QZ NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 2 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 3 GL GL NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 4 wrote write VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 5 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 6 manuscript manuscript NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 7 , , , cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 8 and and CC cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 9 then then RB cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 10 MK MK NNP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 11 revised revise VBD cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 12 the the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 13 manuscript manuscript NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 371 14 . . . cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 372 1 The the DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 372 2 authors author NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 372 3 declare declare VBP cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 372 4 no no DT cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 372 5 conflict conflict NN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 372 6 of of IN cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 372 7 interests interest NNS cord-310268-8q4tk6fd 372 8 . . .