id sid tid token lemma pos cord-297078-pxggjaby 1 1 key key NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 1 2 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 1 cord-297078-pxggjaby cord-297078-pxggjaby NFP cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 2 authors author NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 3 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 4 Poole Poole NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 6 Anthony Anthony NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 7 M. M. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 8 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 9 Logan Logan NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 10 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 11 Derek Derek NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 12 T. T. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 13 title title NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 14 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 2 15 Modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 1 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 2 Proofreading Proofreading NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 3 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 4 Repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 5 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 6 Clues clue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 7 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 9 Last last JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 10 Universal Universal NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 11 Common Common NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 12 Ancestor Ancestor NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 13 Possessed possess VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 14 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 16 Genome Genome NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 3 17 ? ? . cord-297078-pxggjaby 4 1 date date NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 4 2 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 4 3 2005 2005 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 4 4 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 4 5 03 03 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 4 6 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 4 7 16 16 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 4 8 journal journal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 4 9 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 1 Mol Mol NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 2 Biol Biol NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 3 Evol Evol NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 4 DOI DOI NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 5 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 6 10.1093 10.1093 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 7 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 8 molbev molbev NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 9 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 10 msi132 msi132 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 11 sha sha NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 12 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 13 c0925ae90f68d553dbafe5af07f7aa24b31faf52 c0925ae90f68d553dbafe5af07f7aa24b31faf52 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 14 doc_id doc_id CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 15 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 16 297078 297078 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 17 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 5 18 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 1 pxggjaby pxggjaby NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 3 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 4 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 5 now now RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 6 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 7 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 8 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 9 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 10 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 11 genuine genuine JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 12 biological biological JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 13 process process NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 14 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 15 appears appear VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 16 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 17 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 18 present present JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 19 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 20 all all DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 21 three three CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 22 domains domain NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 23 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 24 life life NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 6 25 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 2 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 3 article article NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 6 consider consider VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 7 what what WP cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 8 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 9 might may MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 10 mean mean VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 11 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 12 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 13 transition transition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 14 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 15 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 16 early early JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 17 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 18 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 19 dominated dominate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 20 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 21 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 22 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 23 cells cell NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 24 possessing possess VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 25 genetically genetically RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 26 encoded encode VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 27 proteins protein NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 28 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 29 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 7 30 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 1 There there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 2 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 3 significant significant JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 4 gaps gap NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 5 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 6 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 7 understanding understanding NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 9 how how WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 11 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 12 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 13 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 14 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 15 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 16 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 17 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 18 evolved evolve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 19 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 20 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 21 simpler simple JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 22 system system NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 23 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 24 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 26 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 27 currently currently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 28 uncertain uncertain JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 29 whether whether IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 30 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 31 genomes genome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 32 evolved evolve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 33 once once RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 34 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 35 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 8 36 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 1 Against against IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 2 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 3 backdrop backdrop NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 6 discovery discovery NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 9 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 10 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 11 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 12 cells cell NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 13 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 14 timely timely JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 15 food food NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 16 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 17 thought thought NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 18 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 19 brings bring VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 20 us -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 21 conceptually conceptually RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 22 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 23 step step NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 24 closer close RBR cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 25 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 26 understanding understand VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 27 how how WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 28 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 29 genomes genome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 30 were be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 31 replaced replace VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 32 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 33 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 34 genomes genome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 9 35 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 2 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 3 examined examine VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 5 available available JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 6 literature literature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 7 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 8 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 10 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 11 structure structure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 12 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 13 function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 14 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 15 conclude conclude VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 16 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 17 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 18 strong strong JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 19 case case NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 20 can can MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 21 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 22 made make VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 23 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 24 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 25 Last last JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 26 Universal Universal NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 27 Common Common NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 28 Ancestor Ancestor NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 30 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 32 possessed possess VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 33 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 34 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 35 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 36 competent competent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 37 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 38 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 39 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 40 which which WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 41 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 42 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 43 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 44 capable capable JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 45 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 46 acting act VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 47 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 48 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 49 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 50 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 10 51 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 1 However however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 3 while while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 4 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 5 lends lend VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 6 credibility credibility NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 7 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 9 proposal proposal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 10 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 11 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 12 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 13 had have VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 14 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 16 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 18 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 19 alternative alternative NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 20 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 21 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 22 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 23 had have VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 24 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 25 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 26 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 27 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 28 can can MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 29 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 30 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 31 completely completely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 32 ruled rule VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 33 out out RP cord-297078-pxggjaby 11 34 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 12 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 12 2 term term NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 12 3 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 12 4 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 12 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 12 6 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 12 7 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 12 8 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 2 Gilbert Gilbert NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 3 1986 1986 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 5 gave give VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 6 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 7 name name NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 8 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 10 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 11 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 12 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 13 before before IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 14 proteins protein NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 15 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 16 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 19 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 21 main main JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 22 biological biological JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 23 catalyst catalyst NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 24 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 25 genetic genetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 26 material material NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 28 Woese Woese NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 29 1967 1967 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 30 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 31 Crick Crick NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 32 1968 1968 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 33 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 34 Orgel Orgel NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 35 1968 1968 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 13 37 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 2 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 3 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 4 bolstered bolster VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 5 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 6 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 7 discovery discovery NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 9 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 12 Kruger Kruger NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 13 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 14 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 15 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 16 1982 1982 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 17 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 18 Guerrier Guerrier NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 19 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 20 Takada Takada NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 21 et et FW cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 22 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 23 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 24 1983 1983 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 26 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 27 building build VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 28 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 29 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 30 earlier early JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 31 discovery discovery NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 32 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 33 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 34 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 35 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 36 genetic genetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 37 material material NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 38 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 39 some some DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 40 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 42 Fraenkel Fraenkel NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 43 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 44 Conrat Conrat NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 45 1956 1956 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 46 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 47 Gierer Gierer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 48 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 49 Schramm Schramm NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 50 1956 1956 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 52 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 53 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 54 plant plant NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 55 viroids viroid NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 56 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 57 Diener Diener NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 58 1971 1971 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 59 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 60 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 61 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 62 latter latter JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 63 possessing possess VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 64 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 65 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 66 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 67 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 68 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 69 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 70 Flores Flores NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 71 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 72 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 73 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 74 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 75 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 14 76 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 2 theory theory NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 3 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 4 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 5 extensively extensively RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 6 developed develop VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 7 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 8 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 9 gained gain VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 10 much much JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 11 support support NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 13 White White NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 14 1976 1976 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 15 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 16 Benner Benner NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 18 Ellington Ellington NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 20 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 21 Tauer Tauer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 22 1989 1989 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 23 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 24 Jeffares Jeffares NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 25 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 26 Poole Poole NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 27 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 28 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 29 Penny penny NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 30 1998 1998 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 31 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 32 Joyce Joyce NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 33 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 34 Orgel Orgel NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 35 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 36 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 37 Yarus Yarus NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 38 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 40 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 41 nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 42 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 43 there there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 44 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 45 many many JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 46 unresolved unresolved JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 47 issues issue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 15 48 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 1 One one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 2 such such JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 3 issue issue NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 5 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 6 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 7 subject subject NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 9 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 10 article article NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 12 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 13 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 14 timing timing NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 15 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 16 nature nature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 17 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 18 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 19 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 20 transition transition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 21 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 23 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 24 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 16 25 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 2 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 3 widely widely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 4 accepted accept VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 5 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 6 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 7 synthesis synthesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 8 evolved evolve VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 9 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 10 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 12 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 13 Noller Noller NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 14 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 16 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 17 major major JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 18 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 19 being be VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 21 central central JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 22 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 23 role role NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 24 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 25 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 26 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 27 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 28 ribosome ribosome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 30 Moore Moore NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 31 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 32 Steitz Steitz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 33 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 17 35 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 1 Thus thus RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 3 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 4 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 5 stage stage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 6 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 8 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 9 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 11 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 12 DNAprotein DNAprotein NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 13 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 14 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 15 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 16 ' ' `` cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 17 ' ' `` cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 18 ribonucleoprotein ribonucleoprotein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 19 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 20 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 22 RNP RNP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 24 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 18 25 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 1 Where where WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 3 sits sit VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 4 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 6 picture picture NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 7 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 8 less less RBR cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 9 agreed agree VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 10 upon upon IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 12 fig fig NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 13 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 14 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 19 16 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 1 At at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 2 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 3 end end NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 6 spectrum spectrum NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 7 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 9 proposal proposal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 10 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 11 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 12 evolved evolve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 13 before before IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 14 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 16 Benner Benner NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 18 Ellington Ellington NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 20 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 21 Tauer Tauer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 22 1989 1989 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 24 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 25 possibly possibly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 26 even even RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 27 before before IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 28 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 30 Dworkin Dworkin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 31 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 32 Lazcano Lazcano NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 33 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 34 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 35 Miller Miller NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 36 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 20 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 21 1 -see -see : cord-297078-pxggjaby 21 2 legend legend NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 21 3 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 21 4 figure figure VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 21 5 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 21 6 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 1 While while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 2 feasible feasible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 4 there there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 5 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 6 no no DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 7 indications indication NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 8 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 9 extant extant JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 10 organisms organism NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 11 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 12 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 13 took take VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 14 on on RP cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 15 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 16 biological biological JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 17 role role NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 18 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 19 such such PDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 20 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 21 early early JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 22 stage stage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 24 Poole Poole NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 25 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 26 Logan Logan NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 27 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 28 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 29 Sjöberg Sjöberg NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 30 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 32 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 33 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 34 we -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 35 shall shall MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 36 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 37 discuss discuss VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 38 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 39 further further RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 22 40 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 1 Biochemical biochemical JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 2 data datum NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 3 suggest suggest VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 4 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 5 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 6 evolved evolve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 7 after after IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 8 proteins protein NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 10 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 11 before before IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 12 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 13 three three CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 14 domains domain NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 15 - - : cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 16 archaea archaea NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 18 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 20 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 21 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 22 - - , cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 23 diverged diverge VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 23 24 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 2 all all DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 3 organisms organism NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 4 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 5 carry carry VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 6 out out RP cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 7 de de FW cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 8 novo novo NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 9 synthesis synthesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 10 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 11 deoxyribonucleotides deoxyribonucleotide NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 12 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 13 these these DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 14 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 15 formed form VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 16 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 17 reduction reduction NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 18 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 19 ribonucleotides ribonucleotide NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 20 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 21 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 22 reductase reductase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 24 Poole Poole NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 25 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 26 Logan Logan NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 27 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 28 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 29 Sjöberg Sjöberg NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 30 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 24 32 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 1 Crystal crystal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 2 structures structure NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 5 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 6 subunits subunit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 9 three three CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 10 divergent divergent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 11 classes class NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 12 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 13 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 14 enzyme enzyme NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 15 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 16 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 17 common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 18 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 20 Uhlin Uhlin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 21 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 22 Eklund Eklund NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 23 1994 1994 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 24 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 25 Logan Logan NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 26 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 27 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 28 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 29 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 30 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 31 Sintchak Sintchak NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 32 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 33 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 25 34 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 26 1 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 26 2 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 26 3 Larsson Larsson NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 26 4 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 26 5 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 26 6 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 26 7 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 26 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 26 9 , , . cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 1 suggesting suggest VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 2 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 4 Last last JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 5 Universal Universal NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 6 Common Common NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 7 Ancestor Ancestor NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 9 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 12 archaea archaea NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 13 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 14 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 16 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 17 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 18 had have VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 19 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 20 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 21 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 27 22 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 2 contrast contrast NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 4 structural structural JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 5 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 6 phylogenomic phylogenomic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 7 studies study NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 10 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 11 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 12 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 13 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 14 numerous numerous JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 15 key key JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 16 components component NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 18 notably notably RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 19 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 20 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 21 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 22 primases primase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 23 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 24 see see VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 25 Leipe Leipe NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 26 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 27 Aravind Aravind NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 28 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 29 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 30 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 32 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 34 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 35 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 36 full full JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 37 list list NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 39 evolved evolve VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 40 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 41 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 42 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 43 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 44 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 45 being be VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 46 largely largely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 47 unrelated unrelated JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 48 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 49 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 50 archaeal archaeal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 51 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 52 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 53 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 54 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 55 Leipe Leipe NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 56 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 57 Aravind Aravind NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 58 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 59 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 60 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 61 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 62 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 63 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 64 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 65 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 66 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 67 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 68 Filée Filée NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 69 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 70 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 71 Myllykallio Myllykallio NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 72 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 73 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 28 74 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 1 Consistent consistent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 2 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 3 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 5 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 6 recent recent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 7 attempt attempt NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 8 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 9 reconstruct reconstruct VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 11 conserved conserve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 12 core core NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 13 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 14 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 15 identified identify VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 16 only only RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 17 four four CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 18 universal universal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 19 components component NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 20 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 21 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 22 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 23 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 24 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 25 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 27 DnaN dnan XX cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 28 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 29 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 30 sliding slide VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 31 clamp clamp NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 32 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 33 HolB holb NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 34 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 35 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 36 clamp clamp NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 37 loader loader NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 38 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 39 PolI poli NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 40 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 41 A A NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 42 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 43 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 44 3#-5 3#-5 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 45 # # NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 46 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 47 subunit subunit NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 48 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 49 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 50 PolI PolI NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 51 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 52 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 53 RecA RecA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 54 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 55 involved involve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 56 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 57 recombination recombination NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 58 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 59 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 29 60 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 1 Three three CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 2 produced produce VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 3 trees tree NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 4 congruent congruent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 5 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 6 16 16 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 7 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 8 18S 18s JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 9 ribosomal ribosomal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 12 rRNA rrna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 14 trees tree NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 16 while while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 17 HolB HolB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 18 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 19 argued argue VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 20 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 21 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 22 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 23 subject subject JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 24 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 25 horizontal horizontal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 26 gene gene NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 30 27 transfer transfer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 31 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 31 2 Harris Harris NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 31 3 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 31 4 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 31 5 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 31 6 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 31 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 31 8 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 2 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 3 therefore therefore RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 4 unclear unclear JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 5 whether whether IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 6 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 7 appeared appear VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 8 before before IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 9 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 11 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 12 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 13 commonly commonly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 14 assumed assume VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 16 Poole Poole NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 18 Penny Penny NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 20 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 21 Sjöberg Sjöberg NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 22 2000 2000 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 24 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 25 after after IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 26 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 28 suggesting suggest VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 29 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 30 contained contain VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 31 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 32 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 33 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 34 possibly possibly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 35 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 36 RNA/ rna/ JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 37 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 32 38 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 2 Leipe Leipe NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 4 Aravind Aravind NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 6 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 7 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 8 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 9 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 10 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 11 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 33 14 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 1 To to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 2 clarify clarify VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 4 if if IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 5 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 6 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 8 genetic genetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 9 material material NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 10 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 11 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 12 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 14 seems seem VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 15 likely likely JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 16 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 17 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 18 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 19 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 20 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 21 forms form NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 22 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 23 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 24 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 26 either either CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 27 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 28 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 29 archaeal archaeal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 30 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 31 eukaryotic eukaryotic NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 33 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 34 present present JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 35 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 36 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 37 stage stage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 38 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 39 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 40 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 41 other other JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 42 form form NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 43 representing represent VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 44 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 45 lineage lineage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 46 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 47 specific specific JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 48 replacement replacement NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 50 nonorthologous nonorthologous JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 51 gene gene NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 52 displacement displacement NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 53 [ [ -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 54 NOGD NOGD NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 55 ] ] -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 34 57 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 35 1 At at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 35 2 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 35 3 same same JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 35 4 time time NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 35 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 35 6 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 35 7 must must MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 35 8 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 35 9 carried carry VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 35 10 out out RP cord-297078-pxggjaby 35 11 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 35 12 reduction reduction NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 35 13 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 1 Alternatively alternatively RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 3 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 4 possessed possess VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 5 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 7 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 8 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 9 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 10 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 11 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 12 evolved evolve VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 13 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 14 independently independently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 16 Leipe Leipe NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 18 Aravind Aravind NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 20 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 21 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 22 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 23 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 24 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 25 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 36 27 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 1 Leipe Leipe NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 3 Aravind Aravind NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 5 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 6 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 8 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 10 suggest suggest VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 11 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 12 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 13 possessed possess VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 14 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 15 hybrid hybrid JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 16 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 17 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 19 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 20 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 21 thereby thereby RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 22 providing provide VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 23 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 24 explanation explanation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 25 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 26 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 27 universal universal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 28 distribution distribution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 29 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 30 certain certain JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 31 components component NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 32 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 33 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 34 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 35 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 36 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 37 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 38 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 37 39 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 2 model model NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 3 requires require VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 4 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 5 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 6 reverse reverse JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 7 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 8 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 9 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 10 present present JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 11 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 12 some some DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 13 form form NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 14 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 15 though though IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 16 no no DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 17 direct direct JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 18 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 19 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 20 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 21 function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 22 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 23 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 24 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 25 available available JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 38 26 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 3 although although IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 5 model model NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 6 aims aim VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 7 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 8 explain explain VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 10 presence presence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 12 key key JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 13 components component NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 14 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 15 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 16 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 17 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 18 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 19 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 20 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 21 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 22 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 24 own own JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 25 admission admission NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 26 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 27 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 28 authors author NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 29 ' ' POS cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 30 model model NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 31 does do VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 32 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 33 actually actually RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 34 provide provide VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 35 roles role NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 36 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 37 most most JJS cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 38 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 39 these these DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 40 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 41 including include VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 42 critical critical JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 43 components component NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 44 such such JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 45 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 46 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 47 sliding slide VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 48 clamp clamp NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 49 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 50 clamp clamp NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 51 loader loader NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 52 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 53 ligase ligase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 54 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 55 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 56 topoisomerase topoisomerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 39 57 I. i. NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 1 At at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 2 first first JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 3 glance glance NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 5 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 6 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 7 appear appear VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 8 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 10 data datum NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 11 emerging emerge VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 12 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 13 studies study NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 14 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 15 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 16 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 17 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 18 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 19 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 20 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 21 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 22 deoxyribonucleotide deoxyribonucleotide JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 23 synthesis synthesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 24 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 25 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 26 conflict conflict NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 40 27 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 1 However however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 3 while while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 4 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 5 single single JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 6 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 7 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 8 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 10 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 11 subunit subunit NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 12 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 13 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 14 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 15 reductases reductases NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 16 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 17 established establish VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 18 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 19 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 20 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 21 history history NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 22 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 23 obscured obscure VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 25 Poole Poole NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 26 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 27 Logan Logan NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 28 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 29 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 30 Sjöberg Sjöberg NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 31 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 41 33 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 42 1 There there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 42 2 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 42 3 several several JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 42 4 reasons reason NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 42 5 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 42 6 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 42 7 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 1 First first RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 4 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 5 distribution distribution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 6 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 8 paralogous paralogous JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 9 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 10 subunits subunit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 11 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 12 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 13 three three CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 14 classes class NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 15 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 16 incomplete incomplete JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 43 17 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 1 Bacteria Bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 2 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 3 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 4 domain domain NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 5 possess possess VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 6 all all DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 7 three three CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 8 classes class NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 10 archaea archaea NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 11 largely largely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 12 possess possess VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 13 class class NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 14 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 15 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 16 III III NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 17 reductases reductase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 18 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 19 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 20 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 21 thus thus RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 22 far far RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 23 possess possess VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 24 only only JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 25 class class NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 26 I -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 27 reductases reductase VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 44 28 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 1 Secondly secondly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 4 reductases reductase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 5 may may MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 6 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 7 undergone undergo VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 8 horizontal horizontal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 9 gene gene NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 10 transfer transfer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 11 as as RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 12 well well RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 13 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 14 polyphyletic polyphyletic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 15 losses loss NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 17 Torrents Torrents NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 18 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 19 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 20 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 21 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 45 23 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 1 While while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 2 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 3 three three CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 4 classes class NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 5 perform perform VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 6 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 7 same same JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 8 reaction reaction NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 10 they -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 11 do do VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 12 so so RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 13 under under IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 14 different different JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 15 oxygenic oxygenic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 16 conditions condition NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 17 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 46 18 class class NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 2 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 3 strictly strictly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 4 aerobic aerobic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 6 class class NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 7 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 8 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 9 operational operational JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 10 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 11 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 12 aerobic aerobic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 13 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 14 anaerobic anaerobic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 15 conditions condition NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 16 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 17 class class NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 47 18 III iii CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 48 1 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 48 2 strictly strictly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 48 3 anaerobic anaerobic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 48 4 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 1 Consequently consequently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 3 many many JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 4 organisms organism NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 5 possess possess VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 6 more more JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 7 than than IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 8 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 9 class class NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 10 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 11 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 12 gain gain NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 13 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 14 loss loss NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 15 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 16 reductases reductase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 17 may may MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 18 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 19 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 20 cause cause NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 21 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 22 consequence consequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 23 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 24 changes change NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 25 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 26 habitat habitat NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 49 27 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 1 Third third RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 3 sequence sequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 4 similarity similarity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 5 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 6 extremely extremely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 7 low low JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 8 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 10 classes class NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 12 Tauer Tauer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 13 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 14 Benner Benner NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 15 1997 1997 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 16 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 17 Torrents Torrents NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 18 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 19 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 20 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 21 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 23 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 24 making make VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 26 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 27 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 28 meaningful meaningful JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 29 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 30 analyses analysis NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 31 can can MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 32 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 33 carried carry VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 34 out out RP cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 35 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 36 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 37 entire entire JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 38 data data NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 39 set set NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 50 40 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 1 These these DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 2 points point NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 4 taken take VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 5 together together RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 6 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 7 make make VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 9 difficult difficult JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 10 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 11 establish establish VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 12 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 13 timing timing NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 14 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 16 emergence emergence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 18 i.e. i.e. FW cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 20 pre pre JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 21 - - JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 22 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 23 post post JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 24 - - NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 25 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 51 27 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 52 1 Mirkin Mirkin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 52 2 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 52 3 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 52 4 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 53 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 53 2 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 53 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 53 4 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 53 5 predicted predict VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 53 6 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 53 7 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 53 8 possessed possess VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 53 9 500 500 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 53 10 - - SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 53 11 600 600 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 53 12 genes gene NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 53 13 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 1 However however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 3 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 4 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 5 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 6 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 7 size size NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 8 may may MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 9 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 10 too too RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 11 large large JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 12 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 13 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 14 maintained maintain VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 15 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 16 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 54 17 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 1 Modern Modern NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 3 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 4 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 5 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 6 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 8 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 9 10 10 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 10 ÿ4 ÿ4 NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 12 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 13 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 14 largest large JJS cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 16 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 18 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 19 single single RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 20 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 21 stranded strand VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 22 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 23 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 24 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 25 around around RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 26 30 30 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 27 kb kb NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 29 Atkins Atkins NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 30 1993 1993 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 31 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 32 Marra Marra NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 33 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 34 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 35 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 36 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 37 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 38 Rota Rota NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 39 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 40 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 41 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 42 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 55 44 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 56 1 While while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 56 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 56 3 virus virus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 56 4 genomes genome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 56 5 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 56 6 probably probably RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 56 7 under under IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 56 8 selection selection NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 56 9 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 56 10 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 56 11 small small JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 2 Crotty Crotty NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 3 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 4 Andino Andino NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 5 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 7 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 8 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 9 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 10 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 11 30 30 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 12 kb kb NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 13 causes cause VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 14 problems problem NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 15 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 16 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 19 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 20 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 21 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 22 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 24 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 25 based base VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 26 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 57 27 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 1 Partial partial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 2 reconstructions reconstruction NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 5 late late JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 6 stages stage NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 9 RNP RNP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 10 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 11 Yarus Yarus NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 12 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 14 appear appear VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 15 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 16 overstep overstep VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 17 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 18 limit limit NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 20 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 21 conservation conservation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 22 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 23 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 24 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 25 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 26 superoperon superoperon NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 27 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 28 archaea archaea NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 29 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 30 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 31 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 32 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 33 interpreted interpret VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 34 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 35 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 36 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 37 genomes genome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 38 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 39 excess excess NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 40 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 41 30 30 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 42 kb kb NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 43 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 58 44 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 59 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 59 2 Leipe Leipe NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 59 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 59 4 Aravind Aravind NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 59 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 59 6 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 59 7 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 59 8 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 59 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 59 10 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 60 1 Several several JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 60 2 features feature NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 60 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 60 4 genomes genome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 60 5 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 60 6 potentially potentially RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 60 7 increase increase VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 60 8 information information NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 60 9 content content NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 60 10 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 60 11 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 60 12 size size NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 60 13 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 1 These these DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 2 include include VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 4 early early JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 5 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 6 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 7 recombination recombination NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 8 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 9 redundancy redundancy NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 10 through through IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 11 polyploidy polyploidy NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 12 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 13 division division NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 14 into into IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 15 chromosomes chromosome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 16 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 17 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 18 overlapping overlapping JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 19 sequences sequence NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 20 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 21 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 22 means means NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 23 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 24 reducing reduce VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 25 mutational mutational JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 26 targets target NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 28 Reanney Reanney NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 29 1987 1987 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 30 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 31 Jeffares Jeffares NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 32 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 33 Poole Poole NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 34 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 35 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 36 Penny Penny NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 37 1998 1998 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 38 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 39 Lehman Lehman NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 40 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 41 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 42 Peleg Peleg NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 43 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 44 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 61 45 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 62 1 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 62 2 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 62 3 Santos Santos NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 62 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 62 5 Zintzaras Zintzaras NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 62 6 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 62 7 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 62 8 Szathmáry Szathmáry NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 62 9 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 62 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 62 11 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 1 All all PDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 2 these these DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 4 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 5 available available JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 6 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 7 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 9 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 10 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 11 yet yet CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 12 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 13 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 14 upper upper JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 15 limit limit NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 16 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 17 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 18 30 30 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 19 kb kb NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 20 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 21 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 22 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 23 same same JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 24 order order NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 25 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 26 magnitude magnitude NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 27 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 28 predicted predict VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 29 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 30 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 31 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 32 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 33 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 34 implies imply VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 35 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 36 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 37 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 38 size size NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 39 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 40 nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 41 strongly strongly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 42 determined determine VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 43 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 44 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 45 parameter parameter NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 63 46 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 1 While while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 2 any any DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 3 specific specific JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 4 number number NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 6 e.g. e.g. RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 7 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 8 500 500 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 9 genes gene NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 10 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 11 Mirkin Mirkin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 12 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 13 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 14 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 15 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 17 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 18 open open JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 19 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 20 debate debate NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 21 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 22 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 23 numbers number NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 24 give give VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 25 some some DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 26 indication indication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 27 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 28 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 29 coding coding NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 30 problem problem NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 64 31 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 1 For for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 2 instance instance NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 4 if if IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 5 gene gene NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 6 size size NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 7 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 8 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 9 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 10 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 11 average average JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 12 half half NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 13 that that DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 14 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 15 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 16 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 18 i.e. i.e. FW cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 20 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 21 500 500 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 22 bp bp NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 24 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 25 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 26 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 27 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 28 500 500 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 29 genes gene NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 30 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 31 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 32 Deoxyribonucleotides Deoxyribonucleotides NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 33 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 34 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 35 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 36 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 37 prebiotically prebiotically RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 38 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 39 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 40 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 41 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 42 discovery discovery NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 43 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 44 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 45 can can MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 46 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 47 made make VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 48 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 49 carry carry VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 50 out out RP cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 51 catalysis catalysis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 52 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 53 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 54 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 55 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 56 impossible impossible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 57 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 58 envision envision VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 59 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 60 emerging emerge VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 61 before before IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 62 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 63 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 64 proteins protein NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 65 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 66 though though IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 67 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 68 idea idea NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 69 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 70 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 71 widely widely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 72 accepted accept VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 73 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 74 reviewed review VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 75 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 76 Dworkin Dworkin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 77 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 78 Lazcano Lazcano NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 79 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 80 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 81 Miller Miller NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 82 [ [ -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 83 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 84 ] ] -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 85 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 65 86 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 66 1 Scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 66 2 2 2 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 66 3 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 2 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 3 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 4 suggested suggest VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 5 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 6 deoxyribonucleotide deoxyribonucleotide JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 7 synthesis synthesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 8 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 9 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 10 originally originally RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 11 occurred occur VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 12 via via IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 13 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 14 reverse reverse NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 15 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 16 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 17 deoxyriboaldolase deoxyriboaldolase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 18 reaction reaction NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 67 19 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 2 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 3 cells cell NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 5 deoxyribose-5-phosphate deoxyribose-5-phosphate NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 6 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 7 broken break VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 8 down down RP cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 9 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 10 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 11 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 12 acetaldehyde acetaldehyde NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 13 during during IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 14 salvage salvage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 68 15 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 2 reverse reverse JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 3 reaction reaction NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 4 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 5 energetically energetically RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 6 favorable favorable JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 7 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 8 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 9 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 10 argued argue VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 11 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 12 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 13 ' ' `` cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 14 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 15 easier easy JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 16 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 17 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 18 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 19 evolve evolve VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 20 than than IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 21 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 22 synthesis synthesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 24 Benner Benner NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 25 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 26 Ellington Ellington NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 27 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 28 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 29 Tauer Tauer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 30 1989 1989 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 32 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 33 although although IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 34 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 35 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 36 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 37 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 38 feature feature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 39 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 40 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 41 metabolism metabolism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 69 42 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 70 1 Scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 70 2 3 3 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 70 3 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 2 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 3 cells cell NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 5 deoxyribonucleotides deoxyribonucleotide NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 6 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 7 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 8 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 9 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 10 reductases reductase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 12 which which WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 13 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 14 ubiquitous ubiquitous JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 15 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 16 share share VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 17 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 18 common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 19 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 21 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 22 evidenced evidence VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 23 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 24 structure structure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 25 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 26 conservation conservation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 27 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 28 key key JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 29 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 30 residues residue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 32 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 33 despite despite IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 34 differing differ VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 35 biochemistries biochemistry NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 71 36 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 2 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 3 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 4 taken take VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 5 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 6 suggest suggest VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 7 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 9 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 10 possessed possess VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 11 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 13 Pode Pode NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 14 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 15 Penny Penny NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 16 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 17 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 18 Sjöberg Sjöberg NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 19 2000 2000 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 72 21 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 73 1 Scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 73 2 4 4 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 73 3 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 1 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 2 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 3 seems seem VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 4 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 5 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 6 evolved evolve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 7 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 8 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 9 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 11 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 12 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 13 shares share NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 14 no no DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 15 homology homology NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 16 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 18 archaeal/ archaeal/ CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 19 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 20 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 74 21 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 2 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 3 therefore therefore RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 4 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 5 suggested suggest VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 6 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 7 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 8 possessed possess VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 9 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 11 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 12 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 13 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 14 alternatively alternatively RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 16 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 17 composite composite JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 19 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 20 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 21 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 23 Leipe Leipe NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 24 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 25 Aravind Aravind NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 26 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 27 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 28 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 29 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 30 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 31 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 32 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 75 34 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 76 1 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 76 2 250 250 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 76 3 kb kb NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 76 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 76 5 about about IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 76 6 half half PDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 76 7 that that DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 76 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 76 9 Mycoplasma Mycoplasma NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 76 10 genitalium genitalium NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 76 11 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 1 With with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 2 half half PDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 4 number number NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 5 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 6 genes gene NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 7 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 8 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 9 suggested suggest VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 10 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 11 minimal minimal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 12 gene gene NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 13 set set VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 14 studies study NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 16 Mushegian Mushegian NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 17 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 18 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 19 1996 1996 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 20 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 21 Hutchison Hutchison NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 22 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 23 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 24 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 25 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 27 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 28 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 29 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 30 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 31 still still RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 32 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 33 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 34 125 125 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 35 kb kb NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 36 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 37 well well RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 38 above above IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 39 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 40 size size NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 41 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 42 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 43 largest large JJS cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 44 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 45 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 77 46 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 1 Santos Santos NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 3 Zintzaras Zintzaras NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 5 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 6 Szathmáry Szathmáry NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 8 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 10 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 11 presented present VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 12 simulations simulation NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 13 examining examine VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 14 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 15 interplay interplay NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 16 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 17 recombination recombination NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 18 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 19 redundancy redundancy NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 20 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 21 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 22 simple simple JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 23 replicator replicator NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 24 system system NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 78 25 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 2 show show VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 3 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 5 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 6 modest modest JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 7 redundancy redundancy NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 9 approximately approximately RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 10 three three CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 11 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 12 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 13 fourfold fourfold NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 16 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 17 recombination recombination NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 18 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 19 competent competent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 20 system system NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 21 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 22 increase increase VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 23 information information NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 24 content content NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 25 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 26 at at RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 27 least least RBS cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 28 25 25 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 29 % % NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 30 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 31 which which WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 32 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 33 authors author NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 34 conclude conclude VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 35 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 36 nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 37 insufficient insufficient JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 38 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 39 emergence emergence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 40 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 41 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 42 simple simple JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 43 ribozyme ribozyme NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 44 replicase replicase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 45 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 46 let let VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 47 alone alone RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 48 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 49 complex complex JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 50 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 51 cell cell NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 52 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 53 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 54 line line NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 55 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 56 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 57 consensus consensus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 58 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 59 limits limit VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 60 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 61 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 62 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 63 coding code VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 64 capacity capacity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 65 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 66 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 67 major major JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 68 problem problem NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 69 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 70 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 71 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 72 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 73 life life NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 74 Joyce Joyce NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 75 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 76 Orgel Orgel NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 79 77 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 80 1 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 80 2 Poole Poole NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 80 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 80 4 Jeffares Jeffares NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 80 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 80 6 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 80 7 Penny penny NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 80 8 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 80 9 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 80 10 Scheuring Scheuring NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 80 11 2000 2000 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 80 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 80 13 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 1 Returning return VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 2 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 5 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 6 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 7 transition transition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 8 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 9 there there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 10 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 11 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 12 specific specific JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 13 problems problem NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 81 14 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 1 On on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 2 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 3 hand hand NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 5 late late JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 6 stages stage NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 9 RNP RNP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 10 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 11 appear appear VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 12 complex complex JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 13 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 14 so so CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 15 how how WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 16 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 17 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 18 small small JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 20 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 21 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 22 supported support VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 23 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 24 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 25 synthesis synthesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 26 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 27 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 28 evolved evolve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 29 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 30 as as RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 31 chemically chemically RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 32 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 33 ' ' `` cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 34 sophisticated sophisticated JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 35 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 36 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 37 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 38 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 39 reductases reductases NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 41 Poole Poole NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 42 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 43 Penny Penny NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 44 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 45 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 46 Sjöberg Sjöberg NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 47 2000 2000 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 82 49 ? ? . cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 1 On on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 2 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 3 other other JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 4 hand hand NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 6 how how WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 7 feasible feasible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 8 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 10 contention contention NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 11 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 12 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 13 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 14 had have VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 15 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 16 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 17 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 83 18 ? ? . cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 2 second second JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 3 question question NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 4 links link VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 5 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 6 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 7 earlier early JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 8 stages stage NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 10 namely namely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 11 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 12 RNP RNP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 13 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 14 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 15 transition transition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 16 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 17 since since IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 18 comparative comparative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 19 genomics genomic NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 20 data datum NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 21 point point NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 22 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 23 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 24 possibility possibility NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 25 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 26 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 27 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 28 evolving evolve VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 29 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 30 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 31 post post VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 32 - - NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 33 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 84 34 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 1 Given give VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 2 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 3 difficulty difficulty NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 4 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 6 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 7 genetic genetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 8 material material NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 10 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 11 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 12 almost almost RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 13 forced force VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 14 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 15 accept accept VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 16 Scenario Scenario NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 17 3 3 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 18 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 19 figure figure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 20 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 21 over over IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 22 Scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 23 4 4 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 24 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 25 conclude conclude VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 26 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 27 there there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 28 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 29 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 30 NOGD NOGD NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 31 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 32 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 33 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 34 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 85 35 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 1 However however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 4 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 5 now now RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 6 becoming become VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 7 apparent apparent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 8 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 9 RNAs rna NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 10 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 11 subject subject JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 12 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 13 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 14 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 15 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 86 16 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 2 Thomas Thomas NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 4 Platas Platas NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 6 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 7 Hawley Hawley NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 8 1998 1998 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 9 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 10 Reichert Reichert NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 11 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 12 Mörl Mörl NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 13 2000 2000 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 14 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 15 Aas Aas NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 16 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 17 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 18 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 19 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 21 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 22 raising raise VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 23 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 24 possibility possibility NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 25 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 26 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 27 large large JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 28 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 29 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 30 possible possible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 31 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 32 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 33 absence absence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 34 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 35 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 87 36 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 88 1 There there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 88 2 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 88 3 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 88 4 forms form NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 88 5 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 88 6 bona bona FW cord-297078-pxggjaby 88 7 fide fide FW cord-297078-pxggjaby 88 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 88 9 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 88 10 now now RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 88 11 known know VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 88 12 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 1 One one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 2 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 3 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 5 methyl methyl NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 6 damage damage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 7 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 8 conserved conserve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 9 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 10 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 11 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 12 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 14 Aas Aas NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 15 et et FW cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 16 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 17 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 18 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 19 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 20 Ougland Ougland NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 21 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 22 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 89 23 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 90 1 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 90 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 91 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 91 2 Appendix Appendix NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 91 3 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 91 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 91 5 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 2 second second JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 3 form form NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 4 involves involve VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 5 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 6 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 7 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 8 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 10 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 12 analogous analogous JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 13 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 14 that that DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 15 observed observe VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 16 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 17 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 18 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 20 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 21 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 22 conserved conserve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 23 across across IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 24 all all DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 25 three three CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 26 domains domain NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 27 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 28 life life NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 30 table table NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 31 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 92 33 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 2 argue argue VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 3 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 4 structural structural JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 5 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 6 functional functional JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 7 data datum NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 8 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 10 second second JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 12 these these DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 13 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 15 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 16 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 17 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 18 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 19 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 20 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 21 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 22 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 23 likely likely JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 24 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 25 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 26 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 27 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 28 feature feature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 29 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 30 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 31 rather rather RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 32 than than IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 33 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 34 recent recent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 35 innovation innovation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 36 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 37 part part NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 38 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 39 selection selection NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 40 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 41 improved improved JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 42 messenger messenger NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 43 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 45 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 47 quality quality NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 48 control control NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 49 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 50 though though IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 51 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 52 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 53 no no DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 54 doubt doubt RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 55 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 56 current current JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 57 function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 58 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 59 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 60 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 93 61 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 2 will will MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 3 briefly briefly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 4 summarize summarize VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 6 experimental experimental JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 7 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 8 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 10 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 11 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 13 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 14 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 15 then then RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 16 consider consider VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 18 implications implication NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 19 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 22 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 23 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 24 transition transition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 25 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 26 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 27 nature nature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 28 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 29 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 30 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 31 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 32 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 94 33 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 1 As as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 2 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 3 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 6 can can MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 7 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 8 damaged damage VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 9 as as RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 10 well well RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 11 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 12 incorrectly incorrectly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 13 copied copy VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 95 14 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 1 How how WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 2 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 3 cell cell NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 4 checks check VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 5 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 6 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 7 mRNA mrna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 8 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 9 correctly correctly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 10 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 11 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 12 deals deal NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 13 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 14 incorrectly incorrectly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 15 copied copy VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 16 RNAs rna NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 17 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 18 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 19 subject subject NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 20 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 21 intense intense JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 22 investigation investigation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 23 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 24 falling fall VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 25 under under IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 26 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 27 broad broad JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 28 term term NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 29 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 30 quality quality NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 31 control control NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 96 32 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 2 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 3 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 4 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 5 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 6 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 7 there there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 8 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 9 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 10 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 11 eliminating eliminate VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 12 transcripts transcript NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 13 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 14 fail fail VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 15 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 16 pass pass VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 17 quality quality NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 18 control control NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 20 Gillet Gillet NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 21 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 22 Felden Felden NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 23 2001 2001 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 24 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 25 Wilusz Wilusz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 26 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 27 Wang Wang NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 28 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 29 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 30 Peltz Peltz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 31 2001 2001 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 32 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 33 Vasudevan Vasudevan NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 34 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 35 Peltz Peltz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 36 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 37 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 38 Wilusz Wilusz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 39 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 97 41 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 2 general general JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 3 expectation expectation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 4 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 5 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 6 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 7 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 8 following follow VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 9 recognition recognition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 10 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 11 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 12 damaged damage VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 13 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 14 incorrectly incorrectly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 15 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 16 mRNA mrna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 18 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 19 damaged damage VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 20 molecule molecule NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 21 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 22 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 23 destroyed destroy VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 24 rather rather RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 25 than than IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 26 repaired repair VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 27 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 28 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 29 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 30 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 31 pay pay VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 32 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 33 way way NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 34 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 35 since since IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 36 thousands thousand NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 37 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 38 RNAs rna NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 39 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 40 produced produce VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 41 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 42 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 43 cell cell NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 44 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 45 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 46 therefore therefore RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 47 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 48 best good JJS cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 49 way way NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 50 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 51 deal deal VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 52 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 53 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 54 odd odd JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 55 damaged damage VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 56 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 57 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 58 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 59 break break VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 60 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 61 down down RP cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 62 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 63 start start VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 64 afresh afresh RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 98 65 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 1 However however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 3 errors error NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 4 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 5 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 6 may may MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 7 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 8 more more RBR cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 9 common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 10 than than IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 11 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 12 above above JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 13 reasoning reasoning NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 14 might may MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 15 lead lead VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 16 us -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 17 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 18 suppose suppose VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 99 19 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 2 average average JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 3 length length NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 5 proteins protein NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 6 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 7 prokaryotes prokaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 8 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 9 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 10 300 300 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 11 - - SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 12 400 400 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 13 amino amino JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 14 acids acid NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 16 aa aa NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 19 Skovgaard Skovgaard NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 20 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 21 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 22 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 23 2001 2001 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 25 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 26 equating equate VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 27 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 28 transcripts transcript NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 29 somewhere somewhere RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 30 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 31 excess excess NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 32 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 33 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 34 kb kb NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 100 35 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 2 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 4 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 5 coli coli VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 6 K-12 K-12 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 8 Blattner Blattner NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 9 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 10 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 11 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 12 1997 1997 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 14 revealed reveal VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 15 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 16 longest long JJS cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 17 open open JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 18 reading reading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 19 frame frame NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 20 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 21 code code NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 22 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 23 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 24 2,383 2,383 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 25 aa aa NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 26 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 101 27 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 102 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 102 2 corresponding corresponding JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 102 3 transcript transcript NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 102 4 should should MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 102 5 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 102 6 over over IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 102 7 7,200 7,200 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 102 8 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 102 9 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 1 With with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 2 errors error NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 3 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 5 order order NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 6 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 7 every every DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 8 10,000 10,000 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 9 bases basis NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 10 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 12 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 13 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 14 make make VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 15 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 16 error error NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 17 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 18 every every DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 19 10 10 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 20 transcripts transcript NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 21 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 22 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 23 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 24 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 25 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 26 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 27 largest large JJS cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 28 E. E. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 29 coli coli VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 30 ORF ORF NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 31 errors error NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 32 might may MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 33 turn turn VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 34 up up RP cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 35 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 36 2 2 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 37 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 38 3 3 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 39 transcripts transcript NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 103 40 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 2 human human JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 3 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 4 encodes encode VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 5 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 6 muscle muscle NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 7 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 8 called call VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 9 titin titin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 10 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 12 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 13 26,926 26,926 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 14 aa aa NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 16 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 18 largest large JJS cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 19 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 20 known know VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 22 Labeit Labeit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 23 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 24 Kolmerer Kolmerer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 25 1995 1995 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 104 27 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 1 At at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 2 around around RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 3 80 80 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 4 kb kb NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 5 just just RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 6 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 8 coding code VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 9 region region NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 11 i.e. i.e. FW cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 12 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 13 minus minus CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 14 introns intron NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 16 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 18 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 19 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 20 expected expect VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 21 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 22 pick pick VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 23 up up RP cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 24 around around IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 25 eight eight CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 26 errors error NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 27 per per IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 28 mRNA mrna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 29 during during IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 30 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 105 31 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 1 Even even RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 2 considering consider VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 3 code code NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 4 redundancy redundancy NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 6 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 7 lot lot NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 9 mRNAs mRNAs NNPS cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 10 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 11 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 12 expected expect VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 13 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 14 possess possess VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 15 coding coding NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 16 errors error NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 18 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 19 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 20 known know VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 21 pathways pathway NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 22 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 23 mRNA mrna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 24 surveillance surveillance NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 25 only only RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 26 deal deal VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 27 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 28 transcripts transcript NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 29 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 30 premature premature JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 31 termination termination NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 32 signals signal NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 34 nonsense nonsense NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 35 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 36 mediated mediate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 37 decay decay NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 38 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 39 Wilusz Wilusz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 40 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 41 Wang Wang NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 42 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 43 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 44 Peltz Peltz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 45 [ [ -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 46 2001 2001 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 47 ] ] -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 49 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 50 transcripts transcript NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 51 lacking lack VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 52 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 53 stop stop NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 54 codon codon NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 55 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 56 nonstop nonstop JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 57 decay decay NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 58 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 59 Vasudevan Vasudevan NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 60 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 61 Peltz Peltz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 62 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 63 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 64 Wilusz Wilusz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 65 [ [ -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 66 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 67 ] ] -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 68 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 106 69 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 1 Without without IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 2 some some DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 3 form form NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 5 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 6 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 7 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 8 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 10 number number NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 12 mRNAs mRNAs NNPS cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 13 carrying carry VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 14 coding coding NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 15 errors error NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 16 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 17 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 18 significant significant JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 107 19 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 108 1 Though though IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 108 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 108 3 all all DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 108 4 learn learn VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 108 5 that that DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 108 6 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 108 7 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 108 8 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 108 9 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 108 10 restricted restrict VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 108 11 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 108 12 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 108 13 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 1 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 2 potential potential JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 3 benefits benefit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 4 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 6 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 7 clear clear JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 8 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 9 exactly exactly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 11 same same JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 12 reason reason NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 13 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 14 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 15 nonsense nonsense NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 16 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 17 mediated mediate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 18 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 19 nonstop nonstop JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 20 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 21 decay decay NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 22 pathways pathway NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 23 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 24 beneficial beneficial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 109 25 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 1 Significantly significantly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 3 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 5 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 6 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 7 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 8 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 9 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 11 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 12 possess possess VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 13 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 14 3#-5 3#-5 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 15 # # NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 16 nuclease nuclease NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 17 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 18 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 19 which which WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 20 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 21 augmented augment VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 22 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 23 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 24 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 25 stimulatory stimulatory JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 26 factors factor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 28 table table NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 29 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 30 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 31 Fish Fish NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 32 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 33 Kane Kane NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 34 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 110 36 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 111 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 111 2 enables enable VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 111 3 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 111 4 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 111 5 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 111 6 negotiate negotiate VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 111 7 barriers barrier NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 111 8 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 111 9 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 111 10 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 1 Briefly briefly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 4 seems seem VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 5 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 6 upon upon IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 7 arrest arrest NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 11 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 12 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 13 some some DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 14 barrier barrier NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 15 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 16 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 18 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 19 cleavagestimulatory cleavagestimulatory NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 20 factors factor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 21 interact interact VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 22 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 23 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 24 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 25 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 26 causing cause VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 27 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 28 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 29 backtrack backtrack VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 30 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 31 hydrolyze hydrolyze VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 32 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 33 nascent nascent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 34 transcript transcript NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 112 35 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 113 1 Elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 113 2 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 113 3 then then RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 113 4 reinitiated reinitiate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 113 5 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 2 ability ability NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 3 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 4 negotiate negotiate VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 5 blocks block NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 6 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 7 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 9 which which WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 10 includes include VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 11 misincorporation misincorporation NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 13 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 14 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 15 interpreted interpret VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 16 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 17 improving improve VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 18 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 19 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 20 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 21 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 22 process process NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 23 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 24 therefore therefore RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 25 playing play VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 26 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 27 part part NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 28 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 29 quality quality NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 30 control control NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 31 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 114 32 transcripts transcript NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 115 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 115 2 Erie Erie NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 115 3 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 115 4 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 115 5 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 115 6 1993 1993 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 115 7 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 115 8 Jeon Jeon NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 115 9 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 115 10 Agarwal Agarwal NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 115 11 1996 1996 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 115 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 115 13 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 2 might may MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 3 well well RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 4 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 5 interpreted interpret VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 6 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 7 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 8 form form NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 9 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 10 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 12 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 13 indeed indeed RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 14 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 15 initial initial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 16 identification identification NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 17 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 18 3#-5 3#-5 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 19 # # NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 20 nuclease nuclease NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 21 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 22 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 23 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 24 single single JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 25 subunit subunit NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 26 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 27 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 28 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 29 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 30 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 31 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 32 influenza influenza NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 33 virus virus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 35 Ishihama Ishihama NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 36 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 37 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 38 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 39 1986 1986 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 41 led lead VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 42 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 43 speculation speculation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 44 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 45 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 46 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 47 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 48 like like IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 49 many many JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 50 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 51 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 52 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 53 counterparts counterpart NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 54 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 55 possessed possess VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 56 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 57 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 58 Shirai Shirai NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 59 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 60 Go Go NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 61 1991 1991 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 116 63 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 1 Experiments experiment NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 2 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 3 misincorporations misincorporation NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 4 suggested suggest VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 5 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 6 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 7 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 8 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 9 subject subject JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 10 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 11 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 12 high high JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 13 degree degree NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 14 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 15 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 16 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 17 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 18 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 19 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 117 20 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 118 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 118 2 Erie Erie NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 118 3 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 118 4 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 118 5 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 118 6 1993 1993 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 118 7 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 118 8 Jeon Jeon NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 118 9 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 118 10 Agarwal Agarwal NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 118 11 1996 1996 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 118 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 119 1 though though IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 119 2 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 119 3 direct direct JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 119 4 role role NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 119 5 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 119 6 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 119 7 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 119 8 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 119 9 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 119 10 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 1 Thomas Thomas NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 3 Platas Platas NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 5 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 6 Hawley Hawley NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 8 1998 1998 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 10 subsequently subsequently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 11 presented present VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 12 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 13 vitro vitro FW cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 14 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 15 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 16 proofreading proofread VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 17 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 19 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 20 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 22 pol pol NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 23 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 120 25 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 1 Upon upon IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 2 misincorporation misincorporation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 4 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 5 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 6 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 8 growing grow VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 10 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 11 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 12 addition addition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 13 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 14 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 15 next next JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 16 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 17 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 18 slowed slow VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 20 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 21 extension extension NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 22 occurring occur VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 23 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 24 5-and 5-and CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 25 20-fold 20-fold CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 26 slower slow JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 27 than than IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 28 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 29 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 30 correct correct JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 31 incorporation incorporation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 121 32 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 2 delay delay NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 3 provides provide VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 4 time time NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 5 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 6 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 7 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 8 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 9 stimulatory stimulatory JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 10 factor factor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 12 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 13 factor factor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 14 IIS IIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 16 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 18 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 19 bind bind VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 20 arrested arrest VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 21 pol pol NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 22 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 23 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 24 stimulating stimulate VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 25 removal removal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 26 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 27 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 28 mismatched mismatched JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 29 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 30 via via IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 31 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 32 intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 33 PolII polii NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 34 3#-5 3#-5 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 35 # # NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 36 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 37 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 39 Wind Wind NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 40 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 41 Reines Reines NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 42 2000 2000 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 122 44 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 1 Removal removal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 2 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 4 misincorporated misincorporate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 5 nucleotide nucleotide NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 6 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 7 observed observe VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 8 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 9 low low JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 10 levels level NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 11 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 12 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 13 absence absence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 14 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 15 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 16 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 17 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 18 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 19 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 20 known know VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 21 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 22 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 23 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 24 case case NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 25 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 26 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 27 number number NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 28 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 29 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 30 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 123 31 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 2 work work NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 3 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 4 human human JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 6 pol pol NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 7 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 8 provides provide VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 9 clear clear JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 10 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 11 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 12 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 13 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 14 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 15 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 16 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 17 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 18 error error NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 19 correction correction NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 20 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 21 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 22 other other JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 23 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 24 also also RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 25 possess possess VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 26 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 27 capacity capacity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 29 table table NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 30 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 124 32 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 125 1 Recently recently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 125 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 125 3 several several JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 125 4 important important JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 125 5 papers paper NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 125 6 shed shed VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 125 7 further further JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 125 8 light light NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 125 9 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 125 10 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 125 11 process process NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 125 12 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 126 1 Shaevitz Shaevitz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 126 2 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 126 3 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 126 4 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 2 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 4 presented present VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 5 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 6 optical optical JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 7 trapping trapping NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 8 study study NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 9 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 12 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 14 RNAP RNAP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 16 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 17 E. E. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 18 coli coli NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 20 showing show VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 21 backtracking backtracking NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 22 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 23 recovery recovery NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 24 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 25 pausing pause VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 26 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 27 single single JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 28 molecules molecule NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 29 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 30 RNAP RNAP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 127 31 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 1 Pausing pause VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 2 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 3 significantly significantly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 4 reduced reduce VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 5 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 6 growth growth NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 7 regulator regulator NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 8 A A NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 10 GreA GreA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 12 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 13 growth growth NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 14 regulator regulator NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 15 B b NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 17 GreB)-induced greb)-induce VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 18 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 128 19 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 1 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 2 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 3 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 4 elegant elegant JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 5 exploitation exploitation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 6 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 8 intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 9 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 10 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 12 E. E. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 13 coli coli NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 14 RNAP RNAP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 16 combined combine VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 17 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 18 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 19 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 20 modeling modeling NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 21 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 22 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 23 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 24 common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 25 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 26 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 27 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 28 mechanism mechanism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 29 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 30 used use VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 31 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 32 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 33 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 34 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 35 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 37 fig fig NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 38 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 39 2 2 LS cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 41 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 42 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 43 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 44 manner manner NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 45 similar similar JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 46 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 47 that that DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 48 proposed propose VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 49 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 50 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 51 3#-5 3#-5 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 52 # # NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 53 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 54 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 55 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 56 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 57 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 58 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 59 Joyce Joyce NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 60 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 61 Steitz Steitz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 62 1994 1994 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 63 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 129 64 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 1 Two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 2 further further JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 3 papers paper NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 4 showed show VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 5 surprising surprising JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 6 similarities similarity NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 7 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 9 roles role NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 10 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 11 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 12 prokaryotic prokaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 13 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 14 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 15 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 16 factors factor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 17 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 18 stimulation stimulation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 19 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 21 endonuclease endonuclease NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 22 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 24 fig fig NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 25 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 26 3ad 3ad NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 130 28 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 2 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 3 medium medium JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 4 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 5 resolution resolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 7 3.8 3.8 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 8 Å å NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 10 study study NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 12 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 13 binding binding NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 14 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 15 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 16 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 17 yeast yeast NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 18 pol pol NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 131 19 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 132 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 132 2 Kettenberger Kettenberger NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 132 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 132 4 Armache Armache NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 132 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 132 6 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 132 7 Cramer Cramer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 132 8 FIG FIG NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 132 9 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 1 2.-Schematic 2.-schematic CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 2 diagram diagram NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 5 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 6 factor factor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 7 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 8 catalyzed catalyze VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 9 twometal twometal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 10 ion ion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 11 mechanism mechanism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 12 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 13 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 14 3#-5 3#-5 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 15 # # NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 16 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 17 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 18 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 19 proposed propose VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 20 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 21 Sosunova Sosunova NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 22 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 23 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 133 24 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 134 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 134 2 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 134 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 134 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 134 5 extended extend VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 134 6 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 134 7 both both CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 134 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 134 9 prokaryotic prokaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 134 10 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 134 11 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 134 12 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 134 13 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 135 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 135 2 Repair Repair NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 135 3 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 135 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 135 5 Last last JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 135 6 Universal Universal NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 135 7 Common Common NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 135 8 Ancestor Ancestor NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 135 9 1447 1447 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 135 10 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 135 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 135 12 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 135 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 1 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 2 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 3 highly highly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 4 extended extended JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 5 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 6 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 7 seen see VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 8 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 9 insert insert VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 10 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 11 b b NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 12 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 13 ribbon ribbon NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 14 domain domain NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 15 III III NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 16 via via IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 17 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 18 pore pore NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 19 into into IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 21 active active JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 22 site site NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 136 23 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 1 Two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 2 acidic acidic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 3 residues residue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 4 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 6 tip tip NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 8 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 9 loop loop NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 10 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 11 domain domain NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 12 III III NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 13 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 14 presented present VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 15 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 16 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 17 active active JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 18 site site NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 19 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 20 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 21 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 22 tightly tightly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 23 bound bind VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 24 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 25 ion ion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 26 involved involve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 27 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 28 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 30 fig fig NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 137 31 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 138 1 3 3 LS cord-297078-pxggjaby 138 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 138 3 panels panel NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 138 4 b b NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 138 5 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 138 6 d d LS cord-297078-pxggjaby 138 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 138 8 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 2 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 3 parallel parallel JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 4 study study NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 5 using use VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 6 electron electron NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 7 microscopy microscopy NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 9 EM EM NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 11 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 12 15 15 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 13 Å å NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 14 resolution resolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 16 Opalka Opalka NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 17 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 18 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 19 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 20 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 22 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 23 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 24 prokaryotic prokaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 25 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 26 factor factor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 27 GreB GreB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 28 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 29 bound bind VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 30 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 31 E. E. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 32 coli coli NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 33 RNAP RNAP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 139 34 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 1 GreB GreB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 2 inserts insert VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 3 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 4 completely completely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 5 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 6 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 7 helical helical JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 8 domain domain NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 9 into into IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 11 RNAP RNAP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 12 active active JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 13 site site NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 140 14 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 1 Despite despite IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 2 having have VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 3 no no DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 4 structural structural JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 5 homology homology NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 6 whatsoever whatsoever RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 7 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 8 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 11 nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 12 also also RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 13 appears appear VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 14 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 15 present present VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 16 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 17 completely completely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 18 conserved conserved JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 19 acidic acidic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 20 residues residue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 21 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 22 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 23 active active JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 24 site site NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 25 near near IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 26 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 27 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 28 ion ion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 30 fig fig NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 31 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 32 3 3 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 33 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 34 panels panel VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 35 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 36 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 37 c c NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 141 39 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 2 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 3 cases case NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 6 acidic acidic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 7 residues residue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 8 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 9 proposed propose VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 10 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 11 position position VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 12 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 13 second second JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 14 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 15 ion ion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 16 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 17 water water NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 18 molecule molecule NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 19 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 20 hydrolytic hydrolytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 22 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 24 fig fig NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 25 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 26 2 2 LS cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 28 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 29 proposed propose VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 30 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 142 31 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 1 However however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 4 resolution resolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 5 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 6 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 7 EM EM NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 8 study study NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 9 did do VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 10 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 11 allow allow VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 12 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 13 acidic acidic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 14 residues residue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 15 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 16 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 17 accurately accurately RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 18 placed place VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 19 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 21 active active JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 22 site site NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 143 23 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 144 1 Sosunova Sosunova NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 144 2 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 144 3 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 144 4 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 2 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 4 nicely nicely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 5 complemented complement VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 6 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 7 work work NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 8 using use VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 9 mutation mutation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 10 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 11 crosslinking crosslinking NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 12 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 13 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 14 modeling modeling NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 16 locating locate VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 18 acidic acidic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 19 residues residue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 20 unambiguously unambiguously RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 21 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 22 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 23 active active JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 24 site site NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 25 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 26 confirming confirm VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 27 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 28 GreB GreB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 29 does do VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 30 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 31 work work VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 32 allosterically allosterically RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 33 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 34 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 35 direct direct JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 36 recruitment recruitment NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 37 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 38 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 39 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 40 ion ion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 145 41 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 2 summary summary NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 5 available available JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 6 data datum NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 7 suggest suggest VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 8 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 9 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 10 form form NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 12 nascent nascent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 13 transcript transcript NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 14 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 15 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 16 ubiquitous ubiquitous JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 18 providing provide VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 19 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 20 only only RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 21 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 22 means means NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 23 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 24 reading read VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 25 through through IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 26 arrest arrest NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 27 sites site NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 28 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 29 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 30 also also RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 31 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 32 removing remove VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 33 misincorporated misincorporate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 34 bases basis NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 35 during during IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 36 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 146 37 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 3 recent recent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 4 data datum NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 5 strengthen strengthen VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 6 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 7 concept concept NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 9 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 10 intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 11 unified unified JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 12 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 13 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 14 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 15 mechanism mechanism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 16 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 17 synthesis synthesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 18 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 19 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 20 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 21 both both CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 22 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 23 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 25 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 26 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 27 greatly greatly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 28 stimulated stimulate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 29 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 30 external external JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 31 factors factor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 32 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 33 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 34 latter latter JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 35 case case NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 147 36 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 1 That that DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 2 read read NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 3 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 4 through through NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 5 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 6 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 7 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 8 distinct distinct JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 9 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 11 surveillance surveillance NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 12 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 13 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 14 quality quality NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 15 control control NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 16 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 18 synthesis synthesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 19 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 20 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 21 limited limit VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 22 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 23 degradative degradative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 24 pathways pathway NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 148 25 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 2 will will MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 3 next next RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 4 consider consider VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 6 implications implication NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 8 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 9 process process NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 10 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 11 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 12 timing timing NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 13 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 14 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 16 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 17 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 18 transition transition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 149 19 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 150 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 150 2 Opalka Opalka NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 150 3 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 150 4 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 150 5 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 150 6 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 150 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 150 8 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 2 b b NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 3 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 4 b b NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 5 # # $ cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 6 subunits subunit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 7 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 8 colored color VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 9 cyan cyan NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 10 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 11 blue blue JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 12 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 13 respectively respectively RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 14 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 15 while while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 16 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 17 other other JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 18 subunits subunit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 19 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 20 colored color VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 21 gray gray NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 22 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 23 clarity clarity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 151 24 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 152 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 152 2 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 152 3 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 152 4 helices helix NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 152 5 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 152 6 drawn draw VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 152 7 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 152 8 cylinders cylinder NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 152 9 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 1 GreB GreB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 2 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 3 colored color VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 4 red red JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 5 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 6 a a NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 7 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 8 helices helix NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 9 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 10 drawn draw VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 11 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 12 ribbons ribbon NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 13 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 14 contrast contrast NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 15 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 16 RNAP RNAP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 153 17 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 154 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 154 2 b b NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 154 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 2 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 3 system system NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 4 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 5 represented represent VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 6 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 8 3.8-Å 3.8-å CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 9 crystal crystal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 10 structure structure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 12 yeast yeast NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 13 PolII polii NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 14 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 15 complex complex NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 16 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 17 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 18 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 19 PDB PDB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 21 Protein Protein NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 22 Data Data NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 23 Bank Bank NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 25 code code NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 155 26 1Y1V 1y1v CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 156 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 156 2 Kettenberger Kettenberger NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 156 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 156 4 Armache Armache NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 156 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 156 6 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 156 7 Cramer Cramer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 156 8 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 156 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 156 10 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 156 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 156 12 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 157 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 157 2 Rpb2 Rpb2 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 157 3 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 157 4 Rpb1 rpb1 JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 157 5 subunits subunit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 157 6 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 157 7 colored color VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 157 8 cyan cyan NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 157 9 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 157 10 blue blue JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 157 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 157 12 respectively respectively RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 157 13 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 158 1 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 158 2 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 158 3 colored color VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 158 4 red red JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 158 5 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 2 orientations orientation NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 3 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 4 panels panel NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 6 a a LS cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 8 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 10 b b NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 12 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 13 almost almost RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 14 identical identical JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 159 15 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 160 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 160 2 c c NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 160 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 161 1 Detailed detailed JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 161 2 view view NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 161 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 161 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 161 5 active active JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 161 6 site site NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 161 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 161 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 161 9 E. E. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 161 10 coli coli NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 161 11 complex complex JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 161 12 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 2 side side NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 3 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 4 chain chain NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 5 positions position NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 7 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 8 coordinates coordinate NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 9 kindly kindly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 10 provided provide VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 11 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 12 Seth Seth NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 13 Darst Darst NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 15 should should MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 16 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 17 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 18 interpreted interpret VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 19 literally literally RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 20 due due JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 21 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 22 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 23 low low JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 24 resolution resolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 25 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 26 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 27 EM EM NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 28 structure structure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 29 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 30 which which WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 31 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 32 nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 33 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 34 best well RBS cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 35 available available JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 36 experimentally experimentally RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 37 derived derive VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 38 model model NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 162 39 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 163 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 163 2 d d NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 163 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 164 1 Detailed detailed JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 164 2 view view NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 164 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 164 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 164 5 yeast yeast NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 164 6 PolII polii NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 164 7 active active JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 164 8 site site NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 164 9 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 2 panels panel NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 4 c c NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 6 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 8 d d LS cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 11 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 12 Mg Mg NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 13 21 21 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 14 ions ion NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 15 proposed propose VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 16 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 17 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 18 part part NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 19 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 21 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 22 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 23 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 24 ion ion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 25 mechanism mechanism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 26 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 27 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 28 synthesis synthesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 29 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 30 editing editing NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 31 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 32 shown show VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 33 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 34 gold gold NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 35 spheres sphere NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 165 36 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 1 Since since IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 2 Mg Mg NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 3 21 21 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 4 ion ion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 5 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 6 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 7 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 8 deposited deposit VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 9 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 10 any any DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 11 PDB PDB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 12 file file NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 13 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 15 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 16 modeled model VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 17 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 18 hand hand NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 19 into into IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 21 coordinates coordinate NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 22 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 23 RNAP RNAP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 24 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 25 GreB GreB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 26 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 27 generated generate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 28 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 29 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 30 yeast yeast NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 31 PolII polii NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 32 structure structure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 33 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 34 superposition superposition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 35 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 36 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 37 Ca Ca NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 38 atoms atom NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 39 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 40 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 41 coordinating coordinate VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 42 residues residue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 43 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 44 RNAP RNAP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 45 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 46 PolII PolII NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 166 47 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 167 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 167 2 position position NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 167 3 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 167 4 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 167 5 figure figure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 167 6 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 167 7 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 167 8 illustrative illustrative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 167 9 purposes purpose NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 167 10 only only RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 167 11 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 1 Before before IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 2 evaluating evaluate VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 4 possibility possibility NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 5 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 6 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 7 possessed possess VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 8 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 10 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 12 subject subject JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 13 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 14 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 15 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 16 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 18 we -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 19 first first RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 20 review review VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 21 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 22 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 23 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 24 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 25 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 26 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 27 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 28 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 29 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 30 capability capability NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 31 date date NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 32 back back RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 33 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 34 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 168 35 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 1 There there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 2 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 3 strong strong JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 4 lines line NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 5 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 6 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 7 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 8 attest attest VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 9 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 10 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 11 possessing possess VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 12 such such PDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 13 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 15 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 169 16 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 1 Firstly firstly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 3 archaeal archaeal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 5 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 6 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 7 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 8 eukaryotic eukaryotic NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 9 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 11 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 12 all all DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 13 share share VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 14 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 15 common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 16 core core NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 17 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 18 four four CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 19 subunits subunit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 21 corresponding correspond VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 22 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 23 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 24 subunits subunit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 25 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 26 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 27 b b NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 28 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 29 b b NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 30 # # NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 170 31 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 1 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 2 x x LS cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 3 [ [ -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 5 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 6 subunit subunit NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 7 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 8 present present JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 9 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 10 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 11 copies copy NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 12 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 13 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 15 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 16 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 17 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 18 Archaea Archaea NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 19 there there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 20 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 21 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 22 separate separate JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 23 subunits subunit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 24 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 25 homology homology NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 26 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 27 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 29 subunits subunit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 30 D D NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 31 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 32 L L NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 34 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 35 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 36 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 37 same same JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 38 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 39 true true JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 40 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 41 Eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 43 Rbp3 Rbp3 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 44 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 45 Rbp11 Rbp11 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 48 Cramer Cramer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 49 2002a 2002a CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 51 ] ] -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 53 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 54 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 55 evidenced evidence VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 56 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 57 inspection inspection NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 58 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 59 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 60 available available JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 61 structures structure NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 62 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 63 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 64 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 65 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 66 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 67 together together RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 68 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 69 sequence sequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 70 similarities similarity NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 71 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 72 Cramer Cramer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 73 2002a 2002a CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 74 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 171 75 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 1 Consistent consistent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 2 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 3 placement placement NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 4 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 5 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 6 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 8 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 9 largest large JJS cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 10 subunits subunit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 13 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 15 b b NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 16 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 17 b b LS cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 18 # # $ cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 20 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 21 routinely routinely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 22 used use VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 23 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 24 markers marker NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 25 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 26 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 27 reconstructions reconstruction NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 172 28 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 1 There there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 2 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 3 no no DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 4 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 5 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 6 extensive extensive JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 7 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 8 domain domain NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 9 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 10 level level NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 11 horizontal horizontal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 12 transfer transfer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 13 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 14 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 15 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 16 resulting result VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 17 trees tree NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 18 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 19 congruent congruent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 20 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 21 trees tree NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 22 constructed construct VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 23 using use VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 24 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 26 Tourasse Tourasse NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 27 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 28 Gouy Gouy NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 29 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 173 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 2 while while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 3 establishing establish VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 5 correct correct JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 6 topology topology NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 7 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 8 nontrivial nontrivial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 10 see see VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 11 Tourasse Tourasse NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 12 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 13 Gouy Gouy NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 15 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 18 topology topology NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 19 does do VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 20 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 21 affect affect VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 22 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 23 conclusion conclusion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 24 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 25 these these DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 26 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 27 subunits subunit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 28 can can MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 29 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 30 traced trace VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 31 back back RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 32 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 33 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 34 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 174 36 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 175 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 175 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 175 3 Harris Harris NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 175 4 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 175 5 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 175 6 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 2 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 4 report report VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 5 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 6 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 7 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 8 subunit subunit NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 9 also also RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 10 produces produce VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 11 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 12 tree tree NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 13 congruent congruent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 14 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 15 rRNA rrna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 16 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 17 can can MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 18 thus thus RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 19 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 20 placed place VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 21 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 22 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 23 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 24 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 25 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 26 grounds ground NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 27 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 28 consistent consistent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 29 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 30 results result NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 31 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 32 other other JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 33 authors author NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 35 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 36 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 176 38 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 2 second second JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 3 point point NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 4 regarding regard VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 6 antiquity antiquity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 8 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 10 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 11 relates relate VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 12 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 13 catalysis catalysis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 177 14 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 1 Both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 2 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 3 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 4 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 5 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 6 activities activity NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 7 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 8 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 9 incontrovertibly incontrovertibly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 10 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 11 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 12 lie lie VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 13 within within IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 14 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 15 conserved conserved JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 16 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 17 core core NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 18 ; ; , cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 19 coordination coordination NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 20 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 21 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 22 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 23 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 24 ions ion NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 25 required require VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 26 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 27 catalysis catalysis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 28 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 29 shared share VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 30 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 31 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 32 b b NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 33 # # NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 34 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 35 b b NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 36 subunits subunit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 38 fig fig NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 178 39 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 179 1 3c 3c NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 179 2 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 179 3 d d NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 179 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 179 5 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 1 Significantly significantly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 3 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 4 careful careful JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 5 sequence sequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 6 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 7 based base VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 8 comparison comparison NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 9 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 10 led lead VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 11 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 12 speculation speculation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 13 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 14 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 16 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 17 evolved evolve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 18 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 19 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 20 homodimeric homodimeric NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 21 RNAbinding rnabinding NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 22 domain domain NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 24 perhaps perhaps RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 25 acting act VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 26 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 27 some some DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 28 ancillary ancillary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 29 capacity capacity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 30 together together RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 31 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 32 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 33 ribozyme ribozyme NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 34 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 35 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 36 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 37 Iyer Iyer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 38 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 39 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 40 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 41 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 42 Aravind Aravind NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 44 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 180 47 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 1 However however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 3 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 4 ultimate ultimate JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 5 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 6 should should MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 7 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 8 taken take VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 9 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 10 represent represent VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 11 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 12 probable probable JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 13 earlier early JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 14 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 15 stage stage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 16 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 17 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 18 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 20 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 21 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 22 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 23 possessed possess VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 24 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 25 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 26 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 27 resembling resemble VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 28 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 29 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 30 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 31 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 32 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 181 33 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 1 That that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 2 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 3 capacity capacity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 4 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 5 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 6 appears appear VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 7 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 8 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 9 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 10 consequence consequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 12 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 13 common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 14 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 15 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 16 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 17 mechanism mechanism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 18 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 19 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 20 implies imply VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 21 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 22 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 23 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 24 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 25 very very RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 26 least least JJS cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 27 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 28 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 29 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 30 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 31 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 32 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 33 possessed possess VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 34 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 35 capacity capacity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 36 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 37 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 182 38 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 1 Whether whether IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 2 genomic genomic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 4 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 5 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 6 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 7 feature feature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 10 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 11 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 12 somewhat somewhat RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 13 harder hard JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 14 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 15 judge judge VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 16 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 17 will will MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 18 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 19 considered consider VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 20 next next JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 183 21 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 1 Owing owe VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 2 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 4 nature nature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 5 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 6 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 7 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 8 site site NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 11 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 12 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 13 most most RBS cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 14 definitely definitely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 15 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 16 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 17 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 18 feature feature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 19 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 21 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 184 22 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 1 However however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 3 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 4 answering answer VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 6 question question NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 7 above above RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 8 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 9 several several JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 10 points point NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 11 should should MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 12 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 13 borne bear VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 14 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 15 mind mind NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 185 16 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 1 Firstly firstly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 4 argument argument NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 5 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 6 genomic genomic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 8 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 9 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 10 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 11 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 12 complicated complicate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 13 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 14 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 15 perhaps perhaps RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 16 weakened weaken VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 18 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 19 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 20 difficulty difficulty NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 21 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 22 establishing establish VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 23 whether whether IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 24 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 25 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 26 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 27 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 28 present present JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 186 29 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 1 Secondly secondly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 3 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 4 thesis thesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 5 extrapolates extrapolate VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 6 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 7 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 8 function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 9 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 10 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 11 quality quality NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 12 control control NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 13 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 14 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 15 reading read VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 16 off off RP cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 17 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 18 templates template NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 19 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 20 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 21 ancestral ancestral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 22 function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 23 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 24 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 25 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 26 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 27 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 28 reading read VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 29 off off RP cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 30 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 31 templates template NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 187 32 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 2 third third JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 3 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 4 somewhat somewhat RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 5 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 6 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 8 first first JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 9 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 10 assuming assume VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 12 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 13 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 14 present present JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 16 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 18 involved involved JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 19 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 20 quality quality NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 21 control control NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 22 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 23 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 24 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 25 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 26 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 27 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 188 28 ? ? . cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 1 Given give VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 2 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 3 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 4 reductases reductase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 5 can can MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 6 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 7 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 8 unambiguously unambiguously RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 9 placed place VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 10 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 11 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 12 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 13 despite despite IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 14 being be VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 15 ubiquitous ubiquitous JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 16 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 17 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 18 given give VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 19 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 21 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 22 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 23 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 24 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 25 evolved evolve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 26 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 27 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 28 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 29 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 30 currently currently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 31 unclear unclear JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 32 if if IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 33 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 34 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 35 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 36 feature feature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 37 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 38 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 39 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 40 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 41 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 42 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 43 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 44 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 45 forms form NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 46 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 47 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 48 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 49 having have VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 50 evolved evolve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 51 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 52 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 53 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 54 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 55 reductases reductase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 56 being be VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 189 57 present present JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 2 Scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 3 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 5 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 6 whether whether IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 7 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 8 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 9 evolved evolve VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 10 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 12 post post VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 13 - - NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 14 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 16 Scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 17 2 2 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 190 19 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 1 Scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 2 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 3 implies imply VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 4 near near RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 5 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 6 complete complete JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 7 NOGD NOGD NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 10 incumbent incumbent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 11 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 12 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 13 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 191 14 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 2 seems seem VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 3 hard hard JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 4 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 5 swallow swallow VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 6 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 7 though though IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 8 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 9 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 10 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 11 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 12 itself -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 13 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 14 argument argument NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 15 against against IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 16 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 17 scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 192 18 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 2 only only JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 3 difference difference NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 4 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 5 arguing argue VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 6 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 7 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 8 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 9 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 10 based base VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 11 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 12 scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 13 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 14 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 16 requires require VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 17 some some DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 18 unknown unknown JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 19 external external JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 20 source source NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 21 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 22 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 23 complex complex JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 24 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 25 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 26 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 27 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 28 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 29 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 31 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 32 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 34 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 35 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 36 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 37 Villarreal Villarreal NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 38 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 39 DeFilippis DeFilippis NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 41 2000 2000 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 43 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 44 argued argue VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 45 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 46 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 47 viral viral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 48 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 49 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 50 at at RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 51 least least RBS cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 52 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 53 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 54 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 55 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 56 cellular cellular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 57 forms form NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 58 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 59 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 60 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 193 61 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 1 However however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 4 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 5 worth worth JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 6 noting note VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 7 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 8 even even RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 9 if if IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 10 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 11 viral viral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 12 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 13 were be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 14 unequivocally unequivocally RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 15 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 16 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 18 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 19 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 20 possible possible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 21 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 22 establish establish VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 23 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 24 timing timing NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 25 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 26 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 27 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 28 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 29 cellular cellular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 30 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 31 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 194 32 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 2 virus virus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 3 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 4 derived derive VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 5 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 6 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 7 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 8 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 9 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 10 co co VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 11 - - VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 12 opted opt VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 13 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 14 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 15 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 16 prior prior RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 17 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 18 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 20 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 21 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 22 original original JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 23 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 24 being be VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 25 displaced displace VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 26 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 27 another another DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 28 viral viral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 29 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 30 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 31 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 32 lineage lineage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 33 after after IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 34 divergence divergence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 35 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 36 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 37 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 38 archaea archaea NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 39 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 40 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 195 41 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 1 Likewise likewise RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 3 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 4 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 5 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 6 happened happen VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 7 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 8 independently independently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 10 post post VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 11 - - NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 12 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 14 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 15 2001 2001 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 196 17 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 1 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 2 's 's POS cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 3 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 5 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 6 there there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 7 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 8 ' ' `` cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 9 ' ' `` cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 10 arms arm NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 11 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 12 racedriven racedriven VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 13 coevolution coevolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 14 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 15 cellular cellular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 16 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 17 viral viral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 18 genomes genome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 19 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 20 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 22 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 23 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 25 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 26 where where WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 27 modified modify VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 28 forms form NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 29 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 30 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 31 acids acid NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 32 evolved evolve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 33 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 34 stepwise stepwise JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 35 fashion fashion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 36 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 37 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 38 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 39 evade evade VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 40 host host NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 41 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 42 ' ' `` cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 43 immune immune NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 44 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 45 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 46 systems system NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 47 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 48 proposes propose VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 49 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 50 deoxyribonucleotide deoxyribonucleotide JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 51 synthesis synthesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 52 evolved evolve VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 53 first first RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 54 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 55 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 56 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 57 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 58 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 59 importantly importantly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 60 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 61 offers offer VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 62 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 63 solution solution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 64 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 65 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 66 conflicting conflicting JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 67 aspect aspect NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 68 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 69 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 70 relationships relationship NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 197 71 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 1 Upon upon IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 2 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 4 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 5 reduction reduction NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 6 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 8 simplest simple JJS cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 9 explanation explanation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 10 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 11 terms term NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 12 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 14 use use NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 15 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 16 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 17 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 18 genetic genetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 19 material material NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 20 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 21 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 22 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 23 incumbent incumbent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 24 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 25 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 26 deoxyribonucleotide deoxyribonucleotide JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 27 precursors precursor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 198 28 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 1 Substrate substrate NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 2 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 3 template template NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 4 selectivity selectivity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 6 where where WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 7 studied study VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 8 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 9 appears appear VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 10 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 11 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 12 easily easily RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 13 altered alter VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 14 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 15 single single JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 16 residues residue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 17 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 18 responsible responsible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 19 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 20 substrate substrate JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 21 selectivity selectivity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 22 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 23 E. E. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 199 24 coli coli NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 1 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 2 pol pol NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 3 I i NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 5 Astatke Astatke NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 6 et et FW cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 7 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 8 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 9 1998 1998 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 11 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 12 reverse reverse VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 13 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 15 Gao Gao NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 16 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 17 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 18 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 19 1997 1997 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 21 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 22 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 23 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 25 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 26 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 27 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 28 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 29 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 30 Brome Brome NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 31 Mosaic Mosaic NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 32 Virus Virus NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 33 will will MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 34 accept accept VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 35 both both CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 36 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 37 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 38 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 39 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 40 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 41 hybrid hybrid NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 42 templates template NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 44 Siegel Siegel NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 45 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 46 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 47 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 48 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 200 50 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 1 If if IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 3 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 4 per per IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 5 Scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 6 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 7 above above RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 8 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 9 there there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 10 had have VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 11 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 12 only only RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 13 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 14 NOGD NOGD NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 15 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 16 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 17 viral viral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 18 source source NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 20 one one PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 21 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 22 expect expect VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 23 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 24 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 25 relationship relationship NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 26 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 27 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 28 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 29 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 30 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 31 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 32 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 33 family family NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 34 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 35 replicative replicative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 36 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 37 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 201 38 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 202 1 However however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 202 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 202 3 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 202 4 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 202 5 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 202 6 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 202 7 case case NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 202 8 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 203 1 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 203 2 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 203 3 III iii CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 2 C c NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 3 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 4 family family NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 5 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 7 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 9 replicative replicative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 10 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 11 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 12 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 13 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 14 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 15 unrelated unrelated JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 16 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 17 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 18 archaeal archaeal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 19 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 20 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 21 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 22 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 23 replicative replicative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 24 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 25 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 27 which which WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 28 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 29 B b NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 30 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 31 family family NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 32 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 34 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 35 neither neither DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 36 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 37 related relate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 38 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 39 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 40 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 41 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 43 Ito Ito NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 44 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 45 Braithwaite Braithwaite NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 46 1991 1991 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 47 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 48 Steitz steitz NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 49 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 50 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 51 Cramer Cramer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 52 2002b 2002b CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 53 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 54 Grabowski Grabowski NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 55 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 56 Kelman Kelman NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 57 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 204 59 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 2 contrast contrast NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 5 palm palm NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 6 domain domain NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 8 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 9 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 10 family family NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 11 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 12 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 13 shows show VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 14 structural structural JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 15 homology homology NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 16 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 18 equivalent equivalent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 19 domains domain NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 20 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 21 several several JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 23 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 24 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 25 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 26 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 27 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 28 reverse reverse VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 29 transcriptases transcriptase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 30 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 31 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 32 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 33 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 34 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 35 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 36 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 38 Hansen Hansen NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 39 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 40 Long Long NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 41 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 42 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 43 Schultz Schultz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 44 1997 1997 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 45 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 46 Steitz Steitz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 47 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 205 49 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 2 speaks speak VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 3 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 4 favor favor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 5 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 6 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 7 viral viral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 8 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 9 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 10 deoxyribonucleotide deoxyribonucleotide JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 11 syntheses synthesis NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 12 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 13 so so RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 14 far far RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 15 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 17 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 18 possible possible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 19 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 20 envisage envisage VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 21 deoxyribonucleotide deoxyribonucleotide NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 22 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 23 ' ' `` cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 24 takeover takeover NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 25 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 26 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 27 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 28 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 29 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 30 virus virus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 206 31 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 1 These these DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 2 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 3 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 4 nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 5 too too RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 6 far far RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 7 diverged diverged JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 8 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 9 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 10 useful useful JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 11 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 12 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 13 studies study NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 14 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 15 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 16 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 17 sequence sequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 18 alone alone RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 20 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 21 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 22 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 23 possible possible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 24 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 25 show show VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 26 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 27 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 28 relationship relationship NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 29 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 30 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 31 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 32 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 33 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 34 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 35 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 36 reverse reverse VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 37 transcriptases transcriptase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 39 Zanotto Zanotto NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 40 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 41 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 42 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 43 1996 1996 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 207 45 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 3 while while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 5 palm palm NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 6 domains domain NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 7 appear appear VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 8 homologous homologous JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 11 finger finger NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 12 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 13 thumb thumb NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 14 domains domain NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 15 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 16 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 18 Hansen Hansen NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 20 Long Long NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 21 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 22 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 23 Schultz Schultz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 24 1997 1997 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 25 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 26 Steitz Steitz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 27 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 208 29 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 2 existence existence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 4 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 5 range range NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 6 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 7 prereplicatively prereplicatively RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 8 modified modify VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 9 deoxyribonucleotides deoxyribonucleotide NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 10 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 11 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 12 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 13 does do VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 14 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 15 however however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 16 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 17 provide provide VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 18 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 19 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 20 precedent precedent NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 21 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 22 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 23 's 's POS cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 24 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 26 examples example NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 27 being be VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 28 hydroxymethyluracil hydroxymethyluracil NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 29 instead instead RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 30 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 31 T T NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 32 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 33 SP01 SP01 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 34 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 35 U u VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 36 instead instead RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 37 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 38 T T NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 39 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 40 PBS1 PBS1 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 41 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 42 PBS2 PBS2 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 43 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 44 hydroxymethylcytosine hydroxymethylcytosine VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 45 instead instead RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 46 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 47 C C NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 48 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 49 T T NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 50 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 51 even even RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 52 phage phage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 53 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 54 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 55 2-aminoadenine 2-aminoadenine CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 56 instead instead RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 57 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 58 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 59 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 209 60 cyanophage cyanophage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 210 1 S-2L S-2L NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 210 2 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 210 3 see see VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 210 4 Kornberg Kornberg NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 210 5 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 210 6 Baker Baker NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 210 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 210 8 1992 1992 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 210 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 210 10 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 2 lack lack NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 4 homology homology NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 5 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 6 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 8 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 9 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 11 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 12 unrelated unrelated JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 13 families family NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 14 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 15 replicative replicative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 16 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 17 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 18 makes make VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 20 difficult difficult JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 21 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 22 establish establish VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 23 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 24 details detail NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 25 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 26 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 27 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 28 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 29 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 30 transition transition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 211 31 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 2 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 3 possible possible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 4 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 5 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 6 transition transition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 7 occurred occur VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 8 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 9 cells cell NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 10 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 11 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 12 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 13 being being NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 14 initially initially RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 15 replicated replicate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 16 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 18 ancestor ancestor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 19 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 21 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 23 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 212 24 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 1 However however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 3 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 4 scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 5 introduces introduce VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 6 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 7 third third JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 8 step step NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 10 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 11 which which WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 12 there there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 13 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 14 no no DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 15 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 213 16 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 1 Under under IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 2 Scenarios scenario NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 3 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 4 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 5 2 2 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 6 above above RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 7 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 9 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 10 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 11 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 12 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 13 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 14 feature feature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 15 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 16 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 17 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 18 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 19 clearly clearly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 20 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 21 different different JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 22 capacities capacity NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 214 23 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 1 Under under IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 2 Scenario Scenario NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 3 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 5 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 6 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 7 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 8 based base VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 9 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 10 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 11 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 12 only only JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 13 possible possible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 14 function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 15 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 16 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 17 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 18 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 19 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 21 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 22 one one NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 23 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 24 mRNA mrna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 25 quality quality NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 26 control control NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 215 27 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 1 Genomic Genomic NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 3 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 4 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 5 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 6 route route NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 7 may may MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 8 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 9 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 10 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 11 feature feature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 12 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 13 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 14 earlier early JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 15 stage stage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 16 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 17 life life NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 18 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 19 prior prior RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 20 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 21 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 23 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 24 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 25 transition transition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 26 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 27 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 28 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 29 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 30 obviously obviously RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 31 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 32 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 33 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 34 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 35 feature feature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 36 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 37 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 216 38 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 1 Under under IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 2 Scenario Scenario NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 3 2 2 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 6 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 7 possessed possess VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 8 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 10 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 12 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 13 if if IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 14 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 15 inherent inherent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 16 potential potential NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 17 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 19 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 20 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 22 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 23 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 24 realized realize VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 25 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 26 both both CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 27 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 28 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 29 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 30 expressed express VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 31 transcripts transcript NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 32 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 33 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 34 subject subject JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 35 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 36 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 37 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 38 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 39 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 40 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 41 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 42 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 43 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 44 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 45 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 46 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 47 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 217 48 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 2 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 4 course course NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 5 possible possible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 6 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 8 potential potential NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 9 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 10 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 11 inherent inherent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 12 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 13 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 14 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 15 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 16 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 17 mechanism mechanism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 18 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 19 catalysis catalysis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 20 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 21 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 22 realized realize VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 23 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 24 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 25 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 26 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 27 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 28 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 29 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 30 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 31 emerged emerge VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 32 later later RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 33 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 34 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 35 independently independently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 37 perhaps perhaps RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 38 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 39 conjunction conjunction NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 40 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 41 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 42 appearance appearance NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 43 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 44 GreA GreA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 45 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 46 B B NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 47 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 48 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 49 cleavagestimulatory cleavagestimulatory JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 50 factors factor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 52 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 53 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 54 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 55 form form NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 56 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 57 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 58 quality quality NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 59 control control NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 218 60 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 219 1 However however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 219 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 219 3 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 219 4 seems seem VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 219 5 highly highly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 219 6 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 219 7 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 2 convergent convergent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 3 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 5 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 6 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 7 stimulatory stimulatory JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 8 factors factor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 9 suggests suggest VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 10 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 11 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 12 intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 13 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 14 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 15 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 16 capability capability NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 17 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 19 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 20 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 21 already already RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 22 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 23 use use NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 24 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 25 these these DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 26 factors factor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 27 emerging emerge VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 28 independently independently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 29 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 30 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 31 refinements refinement NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 32 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 33 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 34 process process NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 220 35 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 3 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 4 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 6 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 7 based base VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 8 system system NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 9 where where WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 10 there there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 11 were be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 12 strong strong JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 13 limits limit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 14 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 15 coding code VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 16 capacity capacity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 18 increases increase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 19 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 20 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 21 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 22 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 23 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 24 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 25 selectively selectively RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 26 advantageous advantageous JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 221 27 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 2 therefore therefore RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 3 think think VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 5 highly highly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 6 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 7 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 8 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 9 intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 10 capability capability NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 13 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 14 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 15 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 16 co co VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 17 - - VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 18 opted opt VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 19 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 20 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 21 very very RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 22 early early JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 23 stage stage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 222 24 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 1 Indirectly indirectly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 2 supporting support VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 3 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 4 contention contention NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 6 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 7 capacity capacity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 8 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 9 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 10 made make VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 11 use use NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 12 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 13 several several JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 14 times time NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 15 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 16 unrelated unrelated JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 17 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 18 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 19 including include VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 20 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 21 single single JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 22 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 23 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 24 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 25 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 26 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 28 Steitz Steitz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 29 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 30 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 31 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 32 table table NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 33 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 35 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 36 as as RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 37 well well RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 38 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 39 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 40 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 41 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 42 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 43 including include VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 44 3#-5 3#-5 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 45 # # NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 46 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 47 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 48 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 49 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 50 Klenow Klenow NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 51 fragment fragment NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 52 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 53 Steitz Steitz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 54 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 223 56 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 3 such such PDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 4 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 5 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 6 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 7 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 8 ion ion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 9 mechanism mechanism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 10 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 11 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 12 proposed propose VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 13 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 14 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 15 possible possible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 16 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 18 alone alone RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 20 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 21 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 22 polymerization polymerization NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 23 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 24 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 224 25 reactions reaction NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 225 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 225 2 T. T. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 225 3 A. a. NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 225 4 Steitz Steitz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 225 5 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 225 6 J. J. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 225 7 A. A. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 225 8 Steitz Steitz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 225 9 1993 1993 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 225 10 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 226 1 Steitz Steitz NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 226 2 1998 1998 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 226 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 226 4 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 1 Certainly certainly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 4 seems seem VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 5 somewhat somewhat RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 6 difficult difficult JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 7 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 8 contend contend VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 9 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 10 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 11 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 12 capability capability NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 13 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 14 utilized utilize VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 15 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 16 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 17 quality quality NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 18 control control NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 19 post post NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 20 - - NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 21 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 22 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 23 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 24 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 25 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 227 26 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 1 Having have VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 2 said say VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 3 that that DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 5 if if IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 6 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 8 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 9 had have VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 10 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 11 role role NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 12 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 13 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 14 maintenance maintenance NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 15 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 16 some some DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 17 early early JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 18 stage stage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 19 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 20 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 21 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 23 must must MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 24 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 25 initially initially RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 26 recognized recognize VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 27 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 28 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 29 template template NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 30 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 31 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 32 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 33 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 34 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 35 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 36 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 37 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 228 38 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 1 Two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 2 lines line NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 4 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 5 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 6 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 7 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 8 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 9 feasible feasible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 10 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 11 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 12 fact fact NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 13 still still RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 14 biologically biologically RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 15 relevant relevant JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 229 16 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 1 Over over IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 2 30 30 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 3 years year NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 4 ago ago RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 6 Biebricher Biebricher NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 7 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 8 Orgel Orgel NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 10 1973 1973 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 12 published publish VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 13 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 14 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 15 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 16 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 17 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 19 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 20 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 21 E. E. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 22 coli coli NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 23 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 24 capable capable JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 25 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 26 accepting accept VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 27 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 28 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 29 template template NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 30 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 31 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 32 more more JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 33 recent recent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 34 studies study NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 35 confirm confirm VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 36 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 38 Wettich Wettich NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 39 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 40 Biebricher Biebricher NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 41 2001 2001 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 42 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 43 Pelchat Pelchat NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 44 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 45 Grenier Grenier NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 46 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 47 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 48 Perreault Perreault NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 49 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 230 51 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 1 While while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 2 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 4 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 5 replicating replicate VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 6 capacity capacity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 8 E. E. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 9 coli coli NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 11 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 12 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 13 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 14 physiological physiological JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 16 such such PDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 17 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 18 example example NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 19 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 20 known know VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 231 21 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 2 plants plant NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 5 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 6 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 7 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 8 co co VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 9 - - VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 10 opted opt VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 11 into into IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 12 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 13 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 14 viroids viroid NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 16 Mühlbach Mühlbach NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 17 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 18 Sanger Sanger NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 19 1979 1979 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 20 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 21 Schindler Schindler NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 22 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 23 Mühlbach Mühlbach NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 24 1992 1992 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 25 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 26 Fels Fels NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 27 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 28 Hu Hu NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 29 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 30 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 31 Riesner Riesner NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 32 2001 2001 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 34 -pathogenic -pathogenic WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 35 autonomously autonomously RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 36 replicating replicate VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 37 single single JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 38 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 39 stranded strand VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 40 circular circular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 41 RNAs rna NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 42 reaching reach VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 43 approximately approximately RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 44 400 400 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 45 bases basis NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 46 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 232 47 length length NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 233 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 233 2 Flores Flores NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 233 3 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 233 4 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 233 5 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 233 6 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 233 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 233 8 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 2 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 3 cases case NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 5 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 6 seems seem VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 7 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 8 there there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 9 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 10 some some DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 11 selectivity selectivity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 12 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 13 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 14 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 15 initiation initiation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 16 requiring require VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 17 some some DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 18 degree degree NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 19 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 20 specificity specificity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 21 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 22 which which WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 23 may may MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 24 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 25 some some DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 26 combination combination NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 27 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 28 sequence sequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 29 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 30 structure structure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 32 Fels Fels NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 33 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 34 Hu Hu NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 35 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 36 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 37 Riesner Riesner NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 38 2001 2001 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 39 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 40 Pelchat Pelchat NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 41 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 42 Grenier Grenier NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 43 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 44 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 45 Perreault Perreault NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 46 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 47 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 48 Pelchat Pelchat NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 49 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 50 Perreault Perreault NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 51 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 234 53 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 235 1 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 235 2 second second JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 235 3 point point NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 235 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 235 5 concern concern NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 235 6 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 235 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 235 8 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 235 9 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 235 10 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 235 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 235 12 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 235 13 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 2 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 3 absence absence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 5 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 6 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 7 stimulatory stimulatory JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 8 factors factor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 10 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 11 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 12 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 13 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 14 reduced reduce VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 16 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 17 one one PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 18 may may MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 19 wonder wonder VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 20 whether whether IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 22 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 23 mechanistically mechanistically RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 24 possible possible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 25 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 26 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 27 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 28 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 29 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 30 operate operate VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 31 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 32 higher high JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 33 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 34 than than IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 35 natural natural JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 36 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 236 37 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 2 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 3 case case NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 5 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 6 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 7 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 9 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 10 clear clear JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 11 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 12 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 13 differs differ VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 14 considerably considerably RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 15 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 16 replicative replicative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 17 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 18 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 19 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 20 specific specific JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 21 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 23 Beard Beard NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 24 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 25 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 26 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 28 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 29 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 30 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 31 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 32 mutants mutant NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 33 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 34 increased increase VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 35 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 36 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 37 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 38 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 39 selected select VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 40 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 41 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 42 screens screen NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 44 Fijalkowska Fijalkowska NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 45 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 46 Dunn Dunn NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 47 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 48 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 49 Schaaper Schaaper NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 50 1993 1993 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 237 52 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 1 To to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 2 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 3 knowledge knowledge NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 5 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 6 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 7 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 8 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 9 done do VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 10 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 11 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 13 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 14 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 15 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 16 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 17 example example NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 18 does do VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 19 exist exist VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 20 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 21 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 22 single single JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 23 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 24 subunit subunit NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 25 RNAdependent RNAdependent NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 26 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 27 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 28 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 29 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 238 30 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 2 mutant mutant NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 3 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 4 selected select VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 5 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 6 resistance resistance NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 7 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 8 ribavirin ribavirin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 9 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 10 which which WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 11 acts act VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 12 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 13 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 14 mutagen mutagen NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 16 increasing increase VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 18 rate rate NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 19 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 20 mutation mutation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 239 21 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 2 mutant mutant JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 3 high high JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 4 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 5 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 6 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 7 emerged emerge VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 8 via via IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 9 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 10 single single JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 11 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 12 point point NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 13 mutation mutation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 14 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 15 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 16 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 17 elevated elevated JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 18 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 19 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 21 absence absence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 22 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 23 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 24 drug drug NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 26 Pfeiffer Pfeiffer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 27 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 28 Kirkegaard Kirkegaard NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 29 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 240 31 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 2 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 3 consistent consistent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 4 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 5 different different JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 6 fidelities fidelity NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 7 observed observe VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 8 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 10 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 11 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 12 different different JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 13 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 15 see see VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 16 Pugachev Pugachev NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 17 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 18 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 241 19 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 242 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 242 2 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 242 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 242 4 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 242 5 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 242 6 naturally naturally RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 242 7 occurring occur VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 242 8 high high JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 242 9 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 242 10 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 242 11 example example NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 242 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 242 13 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 2 thus thus RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 3 seems seem VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 4 reasonable reasonable JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 5 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 6 suggest suggest VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 7 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 9 current current JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 10 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 13 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 14 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 15 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 16 result result NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 17 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 18 selection selection NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 20 resulting result VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 21 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 22 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 23 compromise compromise NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 24 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 25 processivity processivity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 26 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 27 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 28 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 29 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 30 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 31 higher high JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 32 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 33 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 34 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 35 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 36 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 37 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 38 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 39 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 40 possible possible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 243 41 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 1 Although although IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 2 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 3 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 4 knowledge knowledge NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 5 no no DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 6 one one NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 7 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 8 examined examine VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 10 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 11 capability capability NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 12 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 13 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 14 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 15 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 16 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 18 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 19 working work VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 20 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 21 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 23 template template NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 24 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 25 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 26 above above JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 27 data datum NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 28 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 29 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 30 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 31 feasibility feasibility NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 32 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 33 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 34 scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 35 where where WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 36 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 37 possessed possess VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 38 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 39 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 40 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 41 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 42 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 43 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 44 replicated replicate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 45 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 46 subject subject JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 47 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 48 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 49 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 50 repair repair VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 51 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 52 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 53 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 54 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 55 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 244 56 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 1 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 2 close close JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 3 examination examination NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 6 available available JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 7 literature literature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 8 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 10 structure structure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 11 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 12 function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 13 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 14 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 15 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 16 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 18 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 19 allows allow VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 20 us -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 21 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 22 make make VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 23 several several JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 24 statements statement NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 25 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 26 relevance relevance NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 27 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 28 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 29 nature nature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 30 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 31 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 245 32 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 1 First first RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 3 several several JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 4 compelling compelling JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 5 arguments argument NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 6 can can MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 7 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 8 made make VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 9 that that DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 10 place place NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 12 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 13 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 14 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 15 feature feature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 16 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 18 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 246 19 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 1 Intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 2 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 3 appears appear VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 4 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 5 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 6 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 7 feature feature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 8 common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 9 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 10 all all DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 11 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 13 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 15 table table NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 16 1 1 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 18 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 19 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 20 available available JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 21 structures structure NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 22 show show VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 23 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 24 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 25 common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 26 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 27 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 28 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 29 ion ion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 30 mechanism mechanism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 31 lies lie VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 32 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 33 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 34 heart heart NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 35 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 36 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 37 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 38 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 39 editing editing NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 40 activities activity NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 247 41 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 1 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 2 common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 3 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 4 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 5 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 6 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 7 family family NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 10 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 11 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 12 evident evident JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 13 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 14 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 15 sequence sequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 16 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 17 structural structural JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 18 data datum NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 20 Cramer Cramer NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 21 2002a 2002a CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 22 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 23 Harris Harris NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 24 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 25 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 26 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 27 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 28 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 29 Mirkin Mirkin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 30 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 31 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 32 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 33 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 35 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 36 making make VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 37 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 38 relatively relatively RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 39 straightforward straightforward JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 40 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 41 argue argue VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 42 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 43 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 44 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 45 resembling resemble VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 46 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 47 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 48 conserved conserved JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 49 core core NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 50 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 51 present present JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 52 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 53 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 54 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 55 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 56 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 57 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 58 subject subject JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 59 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 60 extensive extensive JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 61 horizontal horizontal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 62 transfer transfer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 63 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 64 Tourasse Tourasse NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 65 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 66 Gouy Gouy NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 67 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 248 68 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 249 1 Harris Harris NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 249 2 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 249 3 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 249 4 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 249 5 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 249 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 249 7 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 4 available available JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 5 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 6 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 7 structural structural JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 8 data datum NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 9 suggest suggest VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 10 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 11 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 12 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 13 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 14 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 15 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 16 genomic genomic NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 18 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 19 transcribed transcribe VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 250 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 251 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 251 2 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 251 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 251 4 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 251 5 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 251 6 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 251 7 preceded precede VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 251 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 251 9 origins origin NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 251 10 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 251 11 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 251 12 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 2 main main JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 3 conclusion conclusion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 5 draw draw VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 6 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 7 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 8 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 9 early early JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 10 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 11 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 13 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 14 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 15 likely likely JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 252 16 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 2 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 3 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 4 mediated mediate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 5 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 6 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 7 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 8 resolves resolve VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 10 problem problem NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 12 how how WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 13 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 15 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 16 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 17 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 18 maintained maintain VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 19 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 20 genetic genetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 21 information information NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 22 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 23 complex complex JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 24 processes process NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 25 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 26 emerge emerge VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 28 Poole Poole NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 29 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 30 Penny Penny NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 31 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 32 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 33 Sjöberg Sjöberg NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 34 2000 2000 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 253 36 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 3 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 4 providing provide VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 5 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 6 possible possible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 7 solution solution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 8 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 11 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 12 coding code VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 13 capacity capacity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 14 conundrum conundrum NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 17 lends lend VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 18 credibility credibility NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 19 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 20 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 21 late late JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 22 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 23 independent independent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 24 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 25 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 26 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 27 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 28 forms form NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 29 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 30 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 31 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 32 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 33 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 34 putting put VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 35 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 36 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 37 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 38 based base VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 39 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 40 scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 41 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 42 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 43 equal equal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 44 footing footing NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 45 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 46 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 47 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 48 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 49 based base VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 50 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 254 51 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 2 believe believe VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 3 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 5 simplest simple JJS cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 6 explanation explanation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 9 data data NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 10 comes come VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 11 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 12 invoking invoke VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 13 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 15 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 16 based base VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 17 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 255 18 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 256 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 256 2 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 256 3 scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 256 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 256 5 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 256 6 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 256 7 stimulatory stimulatory JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 256 8 factors factor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 256 9 evolved evolve VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 256 10 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 256 11 independently independently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 257 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 257 2 GreA GreA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 257 3 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 257 4 GreB GreB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 257 5 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 257 6 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 257 7 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 257 8 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 257 9 factor factor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 1 S S NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 2 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 3 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 4 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 5 archaea archaea NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 6 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 7 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 9 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 10 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 11 initial initial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 12 function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 13 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 15 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 16 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 258 17 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 1 Subsequently subsequently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 3 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 4 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 5 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 6 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 7 evolved evolve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 8 de de TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 9 novo novo NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 10 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 11 independently independently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 12 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 13 once once RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 14 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 15 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 16 ancestor ancestor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 17 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 18 modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 19 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 20 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 21 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 22 once once RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 23 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 24 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 25 ancestor ancestor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 26 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 27 archaea archaea NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 28 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 29 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 31 fig fig NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 32 . . NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 33 4 4 LS cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 259 35 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 1 Alternatively alternatively RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 3 there there EX cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 4 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 5 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 6 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 7 transfer transfer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 9 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 10 complete complete JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 11 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 12 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 13 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 14 plus plus IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 15 deoxyribonucleotide deoxyribonucleotide JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 16 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 17 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 18 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 19 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 20 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 21 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 22 either either CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 23 once once RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 24 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 25 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 26 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 27 being be VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 28 compatible compatible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 29 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 30 either either DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 31 scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 32 shown show VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 33 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 34 figure figure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 35 4 4 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 37 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 38 2001 2001 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 40 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 41 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 42 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 260 43 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 1 Given give VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 2 that that DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 3 replicative replicative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 4 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 5 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 6 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 7 cellular cellular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 8 lineages lineage NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 9 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 10 unrelated unrelated JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 11 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 12 multisubunit multisubunit NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 14 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 16 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 17 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 18 transfer transfer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 19 scenarios scenario NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 20 seem seem VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 21 likely likely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 22 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 23 though though IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 24 we -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 25 note note VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 26 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 27 very very RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 28 few few JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 29 examples example NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 30 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 31 C c NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 32 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 33 family family NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 34 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 36 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 37 replicative replicative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 38 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 39 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 41 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 42 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 43 detected detect VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 44 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 45 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 46 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 47 plasmids plasmid NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 49 Filée Filée NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 50 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 51 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 52 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 53 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 54 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 261 55 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 1 Even even RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 2 if if IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 4 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 5 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 6 shown show VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 7 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 9 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 10 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 11 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 12 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 13 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 14 based base VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 15 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 16 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 17 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 18 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 19 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 20 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 21 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 22 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 23 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 24 constituent constituent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 25 feature feature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 26 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 27 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 28 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 29 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 30 data datum NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 31 we -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 32 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 33 examined examine VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 34 nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 35 point point NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 36 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 37 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 38 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 39 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 40 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 41 being being NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 42 present present JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 43 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 44 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 45 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 46 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 47 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 48 very very RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 49 least least JJS cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 50 indicate indicate VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 51 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 52 role role NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 53 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 54 transcript transcript NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 55 quality quality NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 56 control control NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 262 57 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 1 Under under IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 2 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 3 scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 5 genomic genomic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 7 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 8 should should MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 9 still still RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 10 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 11 considered consider VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 12 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 13 likely likely JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 14 step step NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 15 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 16 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 18 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 19 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 20 transition transition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 21 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 22 instead instead RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 23 occurring occur VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 24 pre pre JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 25 - - NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 26 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 263 27 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 2 Leipe Leipe NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 4 Aravind Aravind NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 6 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 7 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 8 1999 1999 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 9 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 10 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 11 2002 2002 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 13 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 14 pointed point VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 15 out out RP cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 16 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 18 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 19 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 20 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 21 appears appear VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 22 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 23 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 24 evolved evolve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 25 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 26 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 27 once once RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 28 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 29 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 30 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 31 lineage lineage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 32 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 33 once once RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 34 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 35 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 36 archaeal archaeal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 37 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 38 eukaryote eukaryote NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 39 lineage lineage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 264 40 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 2 implies imply VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 3 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 5 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 6 possessed possess VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 7 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 9 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 10 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 11 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 12 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 13 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 14 scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 16 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 18 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 19 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 20 associated associate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 21 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 22 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 23 stimulatory stimulatory JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 24 factors factor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 26 GreA GreA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 27 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 28 GreB GreB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 30 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 31 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 32 archaeal archaeal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 33 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 34 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 35 equivalents equivalent NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 37 TFS TFS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 38 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 39 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 41 were be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 42 originally originally RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 43 involved involve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 44 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 45 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 46 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 47 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 48 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 49 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 50 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 51 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 52 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 53 indicated indicate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 54 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 55 [ [ -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 56 Gen Gen NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 57 ] ] -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 265 58 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 1 As as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 2 discussed discuss VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 3 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 5 text text NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 6 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 7 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 8 reductases reductase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 9 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 10 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 11 single single JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 12 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 13 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 14 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 15 may may MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 16 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 17 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 18 subject subject JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 19 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 20 horizontal horizontal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 21 gene gene NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 22 transfer transfer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 23 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 24 so so CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 25 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 26 common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 27 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 28 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 29 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 30 necessarily necessarily RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 31 inconsistent inconsistent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 32 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 33 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 34 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 35 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 36 evolving evolve VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 37 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 38 independently independently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 266 39 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 267 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 267 2 b b LS cord-297078-pxggjaby 267 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 267 4 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 267 5 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 267 6 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 267 7 based base VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 267 8 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 2 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 3 scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 5 one one CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 6 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 8 extant extant JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 9 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 10 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 11 machineries machinery NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 12 dates date VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 13 back back RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 14 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 15 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 16 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 17 while while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 18 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 19 other other JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 20 displaced displace VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 21 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 22 extant extant JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 24 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 26 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 268 27 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 2 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 3 figure figure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 6 archaeoeukaryotic archaeoeukaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 7 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 8 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 9 depicted depict VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 10 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 11 ancestral ancestral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 12 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 13 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 15 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 16 equally equally RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 17 possible possible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 18 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 19 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 20 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 21 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 22 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 23 ancestral ancestral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 269 24 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 2 source source NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 4 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 5 second second JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 6 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 7 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 8 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 9 unclear unclear JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 10 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 11 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 12 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 13 suggested suggest VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 14 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 15 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 16 viral viral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 17 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 18 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 270 19 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 1 Under under IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 2 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 3 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 4 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 5 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 6 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 8 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 9 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 10 stimulatory stimulatory JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 11 factors factor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 12 would would MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 13 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 14 evolved evolve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 15 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 16 independently independently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 17 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 18 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 19 quality quality NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 20 control control NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 22 QC QC NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 24 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 25 which which WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 26 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 27 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 28 current current JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 29 function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 271 30 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 1 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 3 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 4 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 5 implies imply VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 6 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 7 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 8 reductase reductase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 9 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 10 present present JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 11 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 12 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 13 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 14 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 16 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 17 family family NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 18 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 19 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 20 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 21 subsequently subsequently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 22 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 23 subject subject JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 24 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 25 horizontal horizontal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 26 gene gene NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 27 transfer transfer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 28 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 29 thereby thereby RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 30 obscuring obscure VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 31 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 32 early early JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 33 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 272 34 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 1 Note note VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 2 also also RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 3 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 5 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 6 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 7 stimulatory stimulatory JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 8 factors factor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 9 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 10 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 11 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 12 subject subject JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 13 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 14 NOGD NOGD NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 15 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 16 mirroring mirror VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 18 events event NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 19 depicted depict VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 20 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 21 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 22 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 23 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 24 apparatuses apparatus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 25 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 26 though though RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 27 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 28 simplicity simplicity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 29 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 30 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 31 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 32 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 33 shown show VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 273 34 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 1 Note note VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 2 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 5 scenario scenario NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 6 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 7 panel panel NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 9 a a LS cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 11 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 12 reconcilable reconcilable JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 13 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 14 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 15 independent independent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 16 viral viral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 17 transfers transfer NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 18 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 19 requires require VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 20 more more JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 21 events event NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 22 than than IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 23 either either DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 24 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 25 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 26 depicted depict VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 27 scenarios scenario NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 274 28 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 1 For for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 2 completeness completeness NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 5 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 6 relationship relationship NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 7 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 8 eukaryote eukaryote NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 9 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 10 genes gene NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 11 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 12 counterparts counterpart NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 13 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 14 archaea archaea NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 15 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 16 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 18 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 19 latter latter JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 20 being being NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 21 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 22 mitochondrial mitochondrial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 23 endosymbiotic endosymbiotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 275 24 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 276 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 276 2 Esser Esser NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 276 3 et et FW cord-297078-pxggjaby 276 4 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 276 5 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 276 6 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 276 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 276 8 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 276 9 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 276 10 displayed display VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 276 11 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 1 However however RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 4 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 5 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 6 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 7 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 8 related relate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 9 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 11 archaeal archaeal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 12 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 13 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 14 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 15 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 16 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 18 excepting except VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 19 universal universal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 20 components component NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 22 see see VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 23 text text NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 277 25 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 2 conclusion conclusion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 5 maintain maintain VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 6 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 8 polymerasedependent polymerasedependent NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 9 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 10 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 11 genetic genetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 12 material material NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 13 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 14 likely likely JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 15 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 16 have have VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 17 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 18 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 19 crucial crucial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 20 step step NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 21 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 22 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 23 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 24 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 25 complex complex JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 26 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 27 - - : cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 28 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 29 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 30 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 31 based base VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 32 cells cell NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 278 33 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 1 Recent recent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 2 data datum NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 3 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 4 comparative comparative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 5 genomics genomic NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 6 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 7 made make VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 8 clear clear JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 10 difficulty difficulty NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 11 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 12 establishing establish VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 13 whether whether IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 14 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 15 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 16 present present JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 17 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 18 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 20 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 21 consequently consequently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 22 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 23 insights insight NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 24 into into IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 25 early early JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 26 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 27 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 28 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 29 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 30 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 31 as as RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 32 important important JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 33 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 34 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 35 reconstruction reconstruction NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 36 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 37 LUCA LUCA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 38 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 39 they -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 40 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 41 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 42 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 43 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 44 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 45 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 46 transition transition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 279 47 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 2 work work NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 3 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 4 supported support VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 5 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 6 grants grant NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 7 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 8 A.M.P. A.M.P. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 9 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 11 Swedish Swedish NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 12 Research Research NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 13 Council Council NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 15 Vetenskapsrådet Vetenskapsrådet NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 17 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 18 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 19 Knut Knut NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 20 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 21 Alice Alice NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 22 Wallenberg Wallenberg NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 23 Foundation Foundation NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 24 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 25 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 26 D.T.L. D.T.L. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 27 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 28 Vetenskapsrådet Vetenskapsrådet NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 280 29 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 2 thank thank VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 3 Patrick Patrick NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 4 Forterre Forterre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 5 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 6 valuable valuable JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 7 comments comment NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 8 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 9 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 10 early early JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 11 version version NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 12 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 13 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 14 manuscript manuscript NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 15 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 16 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 17 sending send VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 18 preprints preprint NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 20 Seth Seth NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 21 Darst Darst NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 22 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 23 providing provide VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 24 side side NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 25 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 26 chain chain NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 27 coordinates coordinate NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 28 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 29 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 30 RNAP RNAP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 31 / / SYM cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 32 GreB GreB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 33 complex complex NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 34 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 35 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 36 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 37 anonymous anonymous JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 38 reviewers reviewer NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 39 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 40 helpful helpful JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 41 comments comment NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 42 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 43 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 44 manuscript manuscript NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 281 45 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 1 As as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 2 summarized summarize VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 3 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 5 table table NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 6 below below RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 7 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 8 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 9 additional additional JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 10 forms form NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 13 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 14 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 15 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 16 reported report VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 17 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 18 transfer transfer VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 21 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 23 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 24 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 25 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 26 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 27 methyl methyl NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 28 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 29 damaged damage VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 30 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 282 31 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 283 1 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 283 2 Repair Repair NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 283 3 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 283 4 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 283 5 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 283 6 so so RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 283 7 far far RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 283 8 restricted restricted JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 283 9 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 283 10 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 283 11 mitochondria mitochondrion NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 283 12 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 1 Here here RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 2 overlapping overlap VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 3 tRNAs trna NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 4 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 5 expressed express VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 6 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 7 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 8 single single JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 9 molecule molecule NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 10 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 11 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 12 processed process VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 13 such such JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 14 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 15 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 16 downstream downstream JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 17 tRNA trna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 18 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 19 complete complete JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 20 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 21 leaving leave VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 22 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 23 upstream upstream JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 24 tRNA trna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 25 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 26 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 27 truncated truncated JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 28 form form NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 29 which which WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 30 must must MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 31 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 32 ' ' `` cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 33 ' ' `` cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 34 repaired repair VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 35 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 36 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 37 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 38 extending extend VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 39 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 40 3 3 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 41 # # NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 284 42 end end NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 285 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 285 2 Reichert Reichert NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 285 3 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 285 4 Mörl Mörl NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 285 5 2000 2000 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 285 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 285 7 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 2 tRNA trna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 3 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 4 ' ' `` cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 5 completion completion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 6 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 7 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 8 seems seem VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 9 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 10 occur occur VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 11 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 12 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 13 absence absence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 14 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 15 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 16 template template NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 18 leading lead VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 19 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 20 speculation speculation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 21 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 22 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 23 works work VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 24 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 25 trial trial NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 26 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 286 27 error error NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 1 -tRNAs -tRNAs : cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 2 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 3 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 4 incorrect incorrect JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 5 3 3 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 6 # # NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 7 sequence sequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 8 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 9 degraded degrade VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 10 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 11 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 12 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 13 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 14 reelongated reelongate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 15 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 16 when when WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 18 correct correct JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 19 sequence sequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 20 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 21 produced produce VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 22 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 23 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 24 tRNA trna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 25 can can MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 26 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 27 aminoacylated aminoacylate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 28 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 29 released release VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 30 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 31 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 32 cycle cycle NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 33 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 34 degradation degradation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 35 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 36 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 38 Reichert Reichert NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 39 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 40 Mörl Mörl NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 41 2000 2000 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 287 43 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 1 This this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 2 form form NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 4 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 5 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 6 probably probably RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 7 emerged emerge VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 8 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 9 tackle tackle VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 11 peculiarities peculiarity NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 12 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 13 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 14 mitochondrial mitochondrial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 15 genomes genome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 16 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 17 where where WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 18 Muller Muller NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 19 's 's POS cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 20 ratchet ratchet NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 21 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 22 operating operate VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 24 Lynch Lynch NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 25 1996 1996 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 288 27 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 1 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 2 number number NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 4 features feature NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 5 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 6 mitochondrial mitochondrial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 7 genomes genome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 8 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 9 likely likely JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 10 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 11 be be VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 12 attributable attributable JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 13 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 14 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 15 process process NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 16 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 17 notably notably RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 19 editing editing NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 20 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 21 metazoan metazoan JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 289 22 mitochondria mitochondrion NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 290 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 290 2 Börner Börner NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 290 3 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 290 4 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 290 5 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 290 6 1997 1997 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 290 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 290 8 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 291 1 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 291 2 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 291 3 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 291 4 therefore therefore RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 291 5 best well RBS cord-297078-pxggjaby 291 6 considered consider VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 291 7 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 291 8 form form NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 291 9 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 291 10 organellar organellar NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 291 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 291 12 editing editing NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 291 13 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 1 While while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 2 some some DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 3 forms form NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 5 organellar organellar JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 6 editing editing NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 7 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 8 interesting interesting JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 9 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 12 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 13 insofar insofar RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 14 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 16 illustrate illustrate VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 17 possible possible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 18 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 19 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 20 based base VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 21 processes process NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 22 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 24 narrow narrow JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 25 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 26 distribution distribution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 27 suggests suggest VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 28 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 29 they -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 30 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 31 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 32 recent recent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 33 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 292 34 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 293 1 Recently recently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 293 2 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 293 3 Aas Aas NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 293 4 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 293 5 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 293 6 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 2 2003 2003 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 5 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 6 vivo vivo NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 7 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 9 aberrantly aberrantly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 10 methylated methylate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 11 adenine adenine NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 13 1-methyladenine 1-methyladenine CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 15 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 16 cytosine cytosine NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 18 3-methylcytosine 3-methylcytosine CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 20 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 22 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 23 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 24 demethylases demethylase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 294 25 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 1 In in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 2 E. E. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 3 coli coli NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 4 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 5 AlkB AlkB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 6 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 7 responsible responsible JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 8 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 9 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 10 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 11 these these DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 12 lesions lesion NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 13 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 14 both both CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 15 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 16 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 18 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 19 while while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 20 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 21 human human NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 22 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 23 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 24 AlkB AlkB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 25 homologues homologue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 26 provide provide VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 27 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 28 division division NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 29 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 30 labor labor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 31 ; ; : cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 32 hABH2 habh2 ADD cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 33 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 34 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 35 preference preference NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 36 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 37 double double RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 38 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 39 stranded strand VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 40 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 41 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 42 repairing repair VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 43 lesions lesion NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 44 close close JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 45 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 46 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 47 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 48 fork fork NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 49 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 50 while while IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 51 hABH3 habh3 NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 52 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 53 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 54 preference preference NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 55 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 56 singlestranded singlestranded JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 57 substrates substrate NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 58 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 59 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 60 single single RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 61 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 62 stranded strand VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 63 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 64 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 65 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 66 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 67 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 68 suggesting suggest VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 69 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 70 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 71 operates operate VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 72 during during IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 73 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 295 74 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 1 More more RBR cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 2 recently recently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 5 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 6 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 7 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 8 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 9 both both DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 10 E. E. NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 11 coli coli VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 12 AlkB AlkB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 13 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 14 hABH3 habh3 NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 15 repair repair VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 16 both both CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 17 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 18 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 19 tRNA trna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 20 damaged damage VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 21 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 22 methylation methylation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 24 Ougland Ougland NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 25 et et NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 26 al al NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 27 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 28 2004 2004 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 296 30 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 2 initial initial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 3 lead lead NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 4 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 5 suggested suggest VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 6 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 7 role role NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 8 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 9 AlkB AlkB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 10 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 12 repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 13 came come VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 14 via via IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 15 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 16 BLAST blast NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 17 survey survey NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 18 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 19 proteins protein NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 20 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 21 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 22 2-oxoglutarate 2-oxoglutarate CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 23 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 24 Fe(II fe(ii NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 26 oxygenase oxygenase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 27 fold fold NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 29 Aravind Aravind NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 30 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 31 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 32 2001 2001 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 297 34 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 1 Homologues Homologues NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 2 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 3 AlkB AlkB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 4 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 5 seven seven CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 6 plant plant NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 8 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 9 were be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 10 identified identify VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 12 suggesting suggest VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 13 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 14 role role NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 15 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 16 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 17 demethylation demethylation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 18 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 19 perhaps perhaps RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 20 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 21 countering counter VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 22 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 23 host host NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 24 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 25 defence defence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 26 strategy strategy NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 27 involving involve VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 28 viral viral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 29 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 30 methylation methylation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 298 31 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 2 demonstration demonstration NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 3 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 4 AlkB AlkB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 5 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 6 family family NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 7 proteins protein NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 8 can can MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 9 repair repair VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 11 suggests suggest VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 12 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 13 these these DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 15 virus virus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 16 homologues homologue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 17 are be VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 18 involved involve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 19 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 20 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 21 maintenance maintenance NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 299 22 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 1 Oxidative oxidative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 2 demethylation demethylation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 3 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 4 not not RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 5 universal universal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 6 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 7 distribution distribution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 9 no no DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 10 archaeal archaeal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 11 AlkB AlkB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 12 homologues homologue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 13 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 14 been be VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 15 detected detect VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 17 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 18 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 20 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 21 difficult difficult JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 22 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 23 establish establish VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 24 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 25 antiquity antiquity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 26 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 27 this this DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 28 process process NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 300 29 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 301 1 Aravind Aravind NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 301 2 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 301 3 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 301 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 301 5 2001 2001 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 301 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 301 7 report report VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 301 8 that that IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 301 9 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 301 10 2-oxoglutarate 2-oxoglutarate CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 301 11 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 301 12 Fe(II fe(ii NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 301 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 1 oxygenase oxygenase NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 2 superfamily superfamily NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 3 possesses possess VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 4 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 5 universally universally RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 6 conserved conserve VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 7 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 8 fold fold NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 11 DSBH dsbh NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 12 fold fold NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 14 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 15 have have VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 16 invoked invoke VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 17 horizontal horizontal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 18 gene gene NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 19 transfer transfer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 20 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 21 explain explain VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 22 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 23 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 24 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 25 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 26 eukaryote eukaryote NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 27 AlkB AlkB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 28 homologues homologue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 29 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 30 though though IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 31 no no DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 32 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 33 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 34 was be VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 35 presented present VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 36 to to TO cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 37 support support VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 38 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 39 claim claim NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 41 Aravind Aravind NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 42 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 43 Koonin Koonin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 44 2001 2001 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 46 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 302 47 _SP cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 1 Structural structural JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 2 insights insight NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 3 into into IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 5 origins origin NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 6 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 7 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 8 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 9 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 10 Modern modern JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 11 metabolism metabolism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 12 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 13 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 14 palimpsest palimpsest NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 15 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 16 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 303 18 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 304 1 An an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 304 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 304 3 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 304 4 multiplies multiply VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 304 5 indefinitely indefinitely RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 304 6 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 304 7 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 304 8 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 304 9 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 304 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 304 11 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 305 1 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 305 2 selection selection NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 305 3 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 305 4 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 305 5 random random JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 305 6 copolymer copolymer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 305 7 co co NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 305 8 - - NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 305 9 authors author NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 305 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 305 11 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 306 1 1997 1997 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 306 2 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 2 complete complete JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 3 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 4 sequence sequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 5 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 6 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 7 coli coli VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 8 K-12 K-12 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 10 editing editing NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 11 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 12 metazoan metazoan JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 13 mitochondria mitochondrion NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 14 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 15 staying stay VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 16 fit fit JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 17 without without IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 307 18 sex sex NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 3 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 4 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 5 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 7 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 8 III III NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 9 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 10 mediated mediate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 11 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 12 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 13 essential essential JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 14 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 15 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 16 like like JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 17 subunit subunit NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 18 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 19 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 20 important important JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 21 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 22 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 23 termination termination NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 24 Common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 25 structural structural JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 26 features feature NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 27 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 28 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 29 acid acid NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 30 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 31 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 32 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 33 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 34 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 35 genetic genetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 36 code code NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 37 Implications implication NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 38 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 39 high high JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 40 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 41 virus virus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 42 mutation mutation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 43 rates rate NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 44 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 45 lethal lethal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 46 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 47 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 48 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 49 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 50 drug drug NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 51 ribavirin ribavirin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 52 Potato Potato NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 53 spindle spindle NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 54 tuber tuber NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 55 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 56 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 57 virus virus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 58 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 59 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 308 60 ' ' '' cord-297078-pxggjaby 309 1 IV IV NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 309 2 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 310 1 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 310 2 replicating replicate VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 310 3 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 310 4 low low JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 310 5 molecular molecular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 310 6 weight weight NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 310 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 2 roads road NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 3 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 4 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 5 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 6 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 8 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 9 Multiple Multiple NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 11 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 12 conformations conformation NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 13 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 14 GreA GreA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 15 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 16 control control NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 17 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 18 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 19 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 20 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 21 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 22 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 23 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 24 phylogeny phylogeny NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 25 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 26 mitochondria mitochondrion NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 27 among among IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 28 alphaproteobacteria alphaproteobacteria NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 29 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 30 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 31 predominantly predominantly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 32 eubacterial eubacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 33 ancestry ancestry NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 34 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 35 yeast yeast NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 36 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 37 genes gene NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 38 Transcription Transcription NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 39 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 40 potato potato NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 41 spindle spindle NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 311 42 tuber tuber NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 1 viroid viroid NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 2 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 4 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 5 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 6 starts start VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 7 predominantly predominantly RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 8 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 9 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 10 specific specific JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 11 sites site NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 12 Mutants mutant NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 13 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 14 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 15 coli coli NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 16 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 17 increased increase VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 18 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 19 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 20 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 21 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 22 Evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 23 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 24 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 25 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 26 families family NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 27 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 28 evidences evidence NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 29 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 30 multiple multiple JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 31 gene gene NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 32 exchange exchange NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 33 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 34 cellular cellular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 35 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 36 viral viral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 37 proteins protein NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 38 Promoting promote VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 39 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 40 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 41 transcript transcript NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 42 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 43 stimulatory stimulatory JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 312 44 factors factor NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 313 1 Viroids Viroids NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 313 2 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 1 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 2 minimal minimal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 3 non non JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 4 - - JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 5 coding coding JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 6 RNAs rna NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 7 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 8 autonomous autonomous JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 9 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 10 Displacement displacement NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 12 cellular cellular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 13 proteins protein NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 14 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 15 functional functional JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 16 analogues analogue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 17 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 18 plasmids plasmid NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 19 or or CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 20 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 21 could could MD cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 22 explain explain VB cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 23 puzzling puzzle VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 24 phylogenies phylogeny NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 25 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 26 many many JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 27 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 28 informational informational JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 29 proteins protein NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 30 Genomics genomic NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 31 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 32 early early JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 33 cellular cellular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 34 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 314 35 . . . cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 2 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 5 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 6 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 7 Origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 8 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 9 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 10 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 11 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 12 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 13 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 14 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 315 15 machineries machinery NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 2 role role NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 5 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 6 acid acid NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 7 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 9 reconstitution reconstitution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 10 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 11 active active JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 12 Tobacco Tobacco NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 13 Mosaic Mosaic NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 14 Virus Virus NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 15 Conferring Conferring NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 16 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 17 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 18 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 19 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 20 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 21 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 22 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 23 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 24 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 25 single single JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 26 residue residue NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 27 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 28 reverse reverse JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 29 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 30 controls control NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 31 substrate substrate NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 32 selection selection NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 33 Infectivity infectivity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 34 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 35 ribonucleic ribonucleic NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 36 acid acid NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 37 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 38 Tobacco Tobacco NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 39 Mosaic Mosaic NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 316 40 Virus Virus NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 3 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 4 Emerging emerge VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 5 views view NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 6 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 7 tmRNAmediated tmrnamediated JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 8 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 9 tagging tagging NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 10 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 11 ribosome ribosome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 12 rescue rescue NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 13 Archeal Archeal NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 14 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 15 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 16 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 17 eukaryal eukaryal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 18 proteins protein NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 19 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 20 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 21 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 317 22 context context NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 3 moiety moiety NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 5 ribonuclease ribonuclease NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 6 P p NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 7 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 8 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 9 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 10 subunit subunit NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 11 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 12 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 13 enzyme enzyme NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 14 Nascent Nascent NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 16 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 17 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 18 purified purify VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 19 ternary ternary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 20 complexes complex NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 21 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 22 vaccinia vaccinia NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 24 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 25 Structure Structure NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 26 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 27 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 28 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 29 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 30 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 31 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 32 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 33 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 318 34 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 2 genetic genetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 3 core core NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 6 Universal Universal NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 7 Ancestor Ancestor NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 8 Transcription Transcription NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 9 factor factor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 10 S S NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 11 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 12 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 13 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 14 induction induction NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 15 factor factor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 16 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 18 archaeal archaeal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 20 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 21 Global global JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 22 transposon transposon NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 23 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 24 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 25 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 26 minimal minimal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 27 Mycoplasma Mycoplasma NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 28 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 29 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 30 multi multi JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 31 - - JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 32 functional functional JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 33 enzyme enzyme NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 34 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 35 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 36 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 37 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 38 RNase rnase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 39 activities activity NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 40 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 41 molecular molecular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 42 anatomy anatomy NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 43 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 44 influenza influenza NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 45 virus virus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 46 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 47 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 48 Proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 49 function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 50 associated associate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 51 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 52 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 53 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 54 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 55 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 56 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 57 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 58 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 59 influenza influenza NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 60 virus virus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 61 Compilation compilation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 62 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 63 alignment alignment NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 64 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 65 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 66 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 67 sequences sequence NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 68 Evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 69 connection connection NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 70 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 71 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 72 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 73 subunits subunit NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 74 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 75 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 76 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 77 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 78 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 79 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 80 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 81 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 82 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 83 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 84 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 85 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 86 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 87 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 88 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 89 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 90 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 91 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 92 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 93 Relics relic NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 94 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 95 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 96 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 97 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 98 Fidelity Fidelity NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 99 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 100 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 101 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 102 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 103 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 104 controlled control VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 105 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 106 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 107 factor factor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 108 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 109 Function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 110 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 111 structure structure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 112 relationships relationship NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 113 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 114 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 115 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 116 Prospects prospect NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 117 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 118 understanding understand VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 119 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 120 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 121 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 122 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 123 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 319 124 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 3 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 4 Complete Complete NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 6 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 7 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 8 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 9 complex complex JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 10 structure structure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 11 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 12 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 13 interactions interaction NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 14 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 15 NTP NTP NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 16 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 17 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 18 Comparative comparative JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 19 genomics genomic NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 20 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 21 minimal minimal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 22 genesets geneset NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 23 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 24 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 25 Last last JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 26 Universal Universal NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 27 Common Common NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 28 Ancestor Ancestor NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 29 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 30 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 31 Self self NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 32 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 33 splicing splice VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 34 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 35 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 36 autoexcision autoexcision NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 37 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 38 autocyclization autocyclization NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 39 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 40 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 41 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 42 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 43 intervening intervene VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 44 sequence sequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 45 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 46 Tetrahymena Tetrahymena NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 47 Titins Titins NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 48 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 49 giant giant JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 50 proteins protein NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 51 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 52 charge charge NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 53 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 54 muscle muscle NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 55 ultrastructure ultrastructure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 56 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 57 elasticity elasticity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 58 Transcriptional Transcriptional NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 59 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 60 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 61 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 62 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 63 Archaea Archaea NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 64 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 65 implications implication NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 66 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 67 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 68 mechanism mechanism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 69 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 70 TFS TFS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 71 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 72 induced induce VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 73 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 74 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 75 Structural structural JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 76 mechanism mechanism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 77 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 78 allosteric allosteric JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 79 substrate substrate NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 80 specificity specificity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 81 regulation regulation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 82 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 83 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 84 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 85 reductase reductase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 86 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 87 case case NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 88 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 89 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 90 extreme extreme JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 91 antiquity antiquity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 92 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 320 93 recombination recombination NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 321 1 Did do VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 321 2 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 321 3 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 321 4 evolve evolve VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 321 5 twice twice RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 321 6 independently independently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 321 7 ? ? . cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 1 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 2 glycyl glycyl JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 3 radical radical JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 4 site site NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 5 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 6 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 7 crystal crystal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 8 structure structure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 9 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 10 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 11 class class NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 12 III iii CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 13 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 14 reductase reductase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 15 Mutation Mutation NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 16 accumulation accumulation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 17 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 18 transfer transfer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 19 RNAs rna NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 20 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 21 molecular molecular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 22 evidence evidence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 23 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 24 Muller#s Muller#s NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 25 ratchet ratchet NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 26 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 27 mitochondrial mitochondrial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 322 28 genomes genome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 2 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 3 sequence sequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 7 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 8 associated associate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 10 Algorithms Algorithms NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 11 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 12 computing compute VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 13 parsimonious parsimonious JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 14 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 15 scenarios scenario NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 16 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 17 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 18 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 19 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 20 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 21 last last JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 22 universal universal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 23 common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 24 ancestor ancestor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 25 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 26 dominance dominance NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 27 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 28 horizontal horizontal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 29 gene gene NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 30 transfer transfer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 31 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 32 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 33 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 34 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 323 35 prokaryotes prokaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 2 involvement involvement NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 5 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 6 ribosome ribosome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 7 function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 8 Viroid viroid JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 9 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 10 is be VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 11 inhibited inhibit VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 12 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 13 alpha alpha NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 14 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 15 amanitin amanitin NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 16 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 17 minimal minimal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 18 gene gene NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 19 set set VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 20 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 21 cellular cellular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 22 life life NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 23 derived derive VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 24 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 25 comparison comparison NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 26 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 27 complete complete JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 28 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 29 genomes genome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 30 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 31 driving drive VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 32 force force NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 33 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 34 molecular molecular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 35 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 36 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 37 translation translation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 38 Structure structure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 39 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 40 function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 41 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 42 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 43 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 44 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 45 factor factor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 46 GreB GreB NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 47 bound bind VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 48 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 49 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 50 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 51 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 52 Evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 53 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 54 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 55 genetic genetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 324 56 apparatus apparatus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 325 1 Intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 325 2 transcript transcript NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 325 3 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 325 4 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 325 5 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 325 6 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 325 7 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 1 AlkB AlkB NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 2 restores restore VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 3 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 4 biological biological JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 5 function function NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 6 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 7 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 8 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 9 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 10 inactivated inactivate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 11 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 12 chemical chemical JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 13 methylation methylation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 14 Characterization characterization NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 15 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 16 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 17 viroid viroid RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 18 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 19 derived derive VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 20 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 21 promoter promoter NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 22 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 23 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 24 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 25 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 26 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 27 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 28 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 29 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 30 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 31 coli coli NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 32 Binding bind VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 33 site site NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 34 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 35 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 36 coli coli NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 37 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 38 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 39 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 40 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 41 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 42 promoter promoter NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 43 Overlapping overlap VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 44 messages message NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 45 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 326 46 survivability survivability NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 2 nature nature NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 5 last last JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 6 universal universal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 7 common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 8 ancestor ancestor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 9 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 10 single single JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 11 mutation mutation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 12 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 13 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 14 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 15 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 16 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 18 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 19 confers confer VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 20 resistance resistance NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 21 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 22 mutagenic mutagenic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 23 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 24 analogs analog NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 25 via via IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 26 increased increase VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 327 27 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 1 Early early JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 2 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 3 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 4 prokaryotes prokaryote NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 5 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 6 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 7 new new JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 8 kids kid NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 9 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 10 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 11 block block NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 12 Methyl Methyl NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 13 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 15 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 16 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 17 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 18 bridge bridge NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 19 between between IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 20 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 21 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 22 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 328 23 ? ? . cord-297078-pxggjaby 329 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 329 2 path path NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 329 3 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 329 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 329 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 329 6 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 330 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 330 2 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 330 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 330 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 330 5 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 330 6 reductases reductase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 330 7 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 1 much much RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 2 ado ado NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 3 about about IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 4 oxygen oxygen NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 5 High high JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 6 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 8 yellow yellow JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 9 fever fever NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 10 virus virus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 12 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 13 Genetic genetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 14 error error NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 15 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 16 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 17 design design NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 18 Repair repair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 19 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 20 tRNAs tRNAs NNPS cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 21 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 22 metazoan metazoan JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 23 mitochondria mitochondrion NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 24 Purification purification NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 25 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 26 identification identification NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 27 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 28 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 29 vaccinia vaccinia NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 30 virus virus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 31 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 32 encoded encode VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 33 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 34 stage stage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 35 promoter promoter NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 36 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 37 specific specific JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 38 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 39 factor factor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 40 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 41 has have VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 42 homology homology NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 43 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 44 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 45 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 46 factor factor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 47 SII SII NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 49 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 51 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 52 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 53 additional additional JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 54 role role NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 55 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 56 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 57 viral viral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 58 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 59 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 60 subunit subunit NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 61 Characterization characterization NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 62 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 63 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 64 novel novel JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 65 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 66 associated associate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 67 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 68 severe severe JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 69 acute acute JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 70 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 71 syndrome syndrome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 72 Recombination recombination NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 73 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 74 primeval primeval JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 75 genomes genome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 76 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 77 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 78 step step NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 79 forward forward RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 80 but but CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 81 still still RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 82 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 83 long long JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 84 leap leap NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 85 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 86 maintaining maintain VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 87 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 88 sizable sizable JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 89 genome genome NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 90 Nuclease Nuclease NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 91 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 92 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 93 T7 T7 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 94 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 95 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 96 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 97 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 98 heterogeneity heterogeneity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 99 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 100 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 101 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 102 complexes complex NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 103 Avoiding avoid VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 104 catch-22 catch-22 NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 105 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 106 early early JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 107 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 108 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 109 stepwise stepwise JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 110 increase increase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 111 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 112 copying copy VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 113 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 114 Involvement Involvement NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 115 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 116 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 117 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 118 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 119 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 120 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 121 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 122 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 123 potato potato NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 124 spindle spindle NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 125 tuber tuber NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 126 viroid viroid NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 127 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 128 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 129 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 130 reevaluation reevaluation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 131 TFIIS TFIIS NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 132 binds bind VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 133 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 134 mouse mouse NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 135 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 136 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 137 I -PRON- PRP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 138 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 139 stimulates stimulate VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 140 transcript transcript NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 141 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 142 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 143 hydrolytic hydrolytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 144 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 145 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 146 nascent nascent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 147 rRNA rrna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 148 Backtracking backtrack VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 149 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 150 single single JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 151 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 152 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 153 molecules molecule NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 154 observed observe VBD cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 155 at at IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 156 near near JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 157 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 158 base base NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 159 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 160 pair pair NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 161 resolution resolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 162 RNase rnase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 163 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 164 like like JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 165 domain domain NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 166 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 167 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 168 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 169 directed direct VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 170 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 171 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 172 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 173 Use Use NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 174 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 175 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 176 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 177 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 178 , , , cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 179 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 180 chimeric chimeric JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 181 templates template NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 182 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 183 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 184 viral viral JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 185 RNAdependent RNAdependent NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 186 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 187 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 188 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 189 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 190 implications implication NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 191 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 192 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 193 transition transition NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 194 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 195 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 196 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 197 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 198 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 199 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 331 200 world world NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 2 crystal crystal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 3 structure structure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 4 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 5 class class NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 6 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 7 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 8 reductase reductase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 9 reveals reveal VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 10 how how WRB cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 11 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 12 allosterically allosterically RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 13 regulated regulate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 14 monomer monomer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 15 mimics mimic VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 16 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 332 17 dimer dimer NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 1 On on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 2 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 3 total total JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 4 number number NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 5 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 6 genes gene NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 7 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 8 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 9 length length NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 10 distribution distribution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 11 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 12 complete complete JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 13 microbial microbial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 333 14 genomes genome NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 1 Unified unified JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 2 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 3 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 4 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 5 mechanism mechanism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 6 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 8 synthesis synthesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 9 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 10 degradation degradation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 11 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 13 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 14 Donation donation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 15 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 16 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 17 residues residue NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 18 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 20 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 21 active active JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 22 center center NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 23 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 24 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 25 factor factor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 26 Gre Gre NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 27 DNA DNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 28 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 29 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 30 structural structural JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 31 diversity diversity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 32 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 33 common common JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 334 34 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 1 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 2 general general JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 3 two two CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 4 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 5 metal metal NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 6 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 7 ion ion NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 8 mechanism mechanism NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 9 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 10 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 12 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 13 B12-dependent B12-dependent NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 14 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 15 reductase reductase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 16 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 17 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 18 archaebacterium archaebacterium NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 19 Thermoplasma Thermoplasma NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 20 acidophila acidophila NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 335 21 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 1 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 2 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 3 solution solution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 4 to to IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 5 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 6 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 7 reductase reductase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 8 conundrum conundrum NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 9 Transcriptional Transcriptional NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 10 fidelity fidelity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 11 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 12 proofreading proofreading NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 13 by by IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 15 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 16 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 17 Ribonucleotide Ribonucleotide NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 18 reductases reductase NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 19 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 20 divergent divergent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 21 evolution evolution NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 22 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 23 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 24 ancient ancient JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 25 enzyme enzyme NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 26 Accounting account VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 27 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 28 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 29 rate rate NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 30 variation variation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 31 among among IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 32 sequence sequence NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 33 sites site NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 34 consistently consistently RB cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 35 changes change VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 36 universal universal JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 37 phylogenies phylogeny NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 38 deduced deduce VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 39 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 40 rRNA rrna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 41 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 42 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 43 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 44 coding code VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 336 45 genes gene NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 1 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 2 novel novel JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 3 RNA rna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 4 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 5 I i NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 6 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 7 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 8 RNase rnase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 9 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 10 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 11 shortens shorten VBZ cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 12 nascent nascent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 13 transcripts transcript NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 14 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 15 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 16 3 3 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 17 # # NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 18 end end NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 19 Structure structure NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 20 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 21 ribonucleotide ribonucleotide NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 22 reductase reductase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 23 protein protein NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 24 R1 R1 NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 25 Non Non NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 26 - - JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 27 stop stop JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 28 decay decay NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 29 - - : cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 30 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 31 new new JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 32 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 33 surveillance surveillance NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 337 34 pathway pathway NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 1 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 2 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 3 for for IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 4 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 5 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 6 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 7 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 8 origin origin NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 9 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 10 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 11 replication replication NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 12 proteins protein NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 13 Identification identification NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 14 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 15 a a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 16 3#/5 3#/5 CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 17 # # NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 18 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 19 activity activity NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 20 associated associate VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 21 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 22 human human JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 24 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 25 II II NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 26 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 27 species specie NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 28 that that WDT cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 29 replicate replicate VBP cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 30 with with IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 31 DNA dna NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 32 - - HYPH cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 33 dependent dependent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 34 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 35 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 36 from from IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 37 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 38 coli coli NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 39 Coenzymes Coenzymes NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 40 as as IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 41 fossils fossil NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 42 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 43 an an DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 44 earlier early JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 45 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 46 state state NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 47 Hydrolytic Hydrolytic NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 48 cleavage cleavage NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 49 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 50 nascent nascent JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 51 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 52 in in IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 53 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 54 polymerase polymerase NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 55 III iii CD cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 56 ternary ternary JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 57 transcription transcription NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 58 complexes complex NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 59 Curbing curb VBG cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 60 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 61 nonsense nonsense NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 62 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 63 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 64 activation activation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 65 and and CC cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 66 regulation regulation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 338 67 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 339 1 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 339 2 surveillance surveillance NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 339 3 Transcription Transcription NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 339 4 elongation elongation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 339 5 factor factor NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 339 6 SII SII NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 1 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 2 genetic genetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 3 code code NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 4 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 5 The the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 6 molecular molecular JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 7 basis basis NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 8 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 9 genetic genetic JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 10 expression expression NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 11 Primordial primordial JJ cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 12 genetics genetic NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 13 : : : cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 14 phenotype phenotype NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 15 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 16 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 340 17 ribocyte ribocyte NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 341 1 A a DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 341 2 reevaluation reevaluation NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 341 3 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 341 4 the the DT cord-297078-pxggjaby 341 5 higher high JJR cord-297078-pxggjaby 341 6 taxonomy taxonomy NN cord-297078-pxggjaby 341 7 of of IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 341 8 viruses virus NNS cord-297078-pxggjaby 341 9 based base VBN cord-297078-pxggjaby 341 10 on on IN cord-297078-pxggjaby 341 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-297078-pxggjaby 341 12 polymerases polymerase NNS