id sid tid token lemma pos cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1 1 key key JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1 2 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1 3 cord-014462 cord-014462 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1 5 11ggaqf1 11ggaqf1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1 6 authors author NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1 7 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 1 nan nan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 2 title title NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 3 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 4 Abstracts abstract NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 7 Papers Papers NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 8 Presented present VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 11 XIX XIX NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 12 National National NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 13 Conference Conference NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 15 Indian Indian NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 16 Virological Virological NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 17 Society Society NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 2 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 1 “ " `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 2 Recent Recent NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 3 Trends Trends NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 5 Viral Viral NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 6 Disease Disease NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 7 Problems Problems NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 9 Management Management NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 10 ” " '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 12 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 13 18–20 18–20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 14 March March NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 16 2010 2010 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 18 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 19 S.V. S.V. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 20 University University NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 22 Tirupati Tirupati NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 3 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 4 1 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 4 2 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 4 3 date date NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 5 1 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 5 2 2011 2011 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 5 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 5 4 04 04 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 5 5 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 5 6 21 21 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 5 7 journal journal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 5 8 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 6 1 Indian Indian NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 6 2 J J NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 6 3 Virol Virol NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 6 4 DOI DOI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 6 5 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 1 10.1007 10.1007 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 2 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 3 s13337 s13337 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 5 011 011 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 6 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 7 0027 0027 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 8 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 9 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 10 sha sha NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 11 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 12 ed57af4ce362b8b0a9a96db0ce9259e18167d521 ed57af4ce362b8b0a9a96db0ce9259e18167d521 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 13 doc_id doc_id CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 14 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 15 14462 14462 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 16 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 7 17 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 8 1 11ggaqf1 11ggaqf1 LS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 9 1 nan nan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 9 2 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 9 3 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 9 4 rashes rash NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 9 5 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 9 6 face face NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 9 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 9 8 hand hand NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 9 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 9 10 foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 9 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 1 EV ev NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 2 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 3 carried carry VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 4 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 6 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 7 fluid fluid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 9 stool stool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 11 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 13 throat throat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 14 swab swab NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 15 specimens specimen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 16 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 17 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 18 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 19 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 21 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 22 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 23 NCR NCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 24 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 10 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 1 Serotyping Serotyping NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 3 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 4 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 6 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 7 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 8 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 9 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 11 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 12 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 14 VP1/2A VP1/2A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 15 junction junction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 16 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 17 followed follow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 18 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 19 sequencing sequence VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 21 phylogenetic phylogenetic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 22 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 23 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 24 neighbor neighbor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 25 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 26 joining join VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 27 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 28 algorithm algorithm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 30 Kimura-2 Kimura-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 31 parameter parameter NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 32 model model NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 33 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 34 MEGA-4 MEGA-4 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 35 software software NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 11 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 1 Overall overall JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 2 EV EV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 3 positivity positivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 4 detected detect VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 6 HFMD HFMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 7 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 8 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 9 Kerala Kerala NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 11 Tamil Tamil NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 12 Nadu Nadu NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 14 West West NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 15 Bengal Bengal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 17 Orissa Orissa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 18 states state NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 19 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 20 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 21 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 22 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 23 51.6 51.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 24 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 26 66.6 66.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 27 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 29 62.5 62.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 30 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 32 71.4 71.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 33 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 34 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 12 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 1 Typing type VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 3 VP1 vp1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 4 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 5 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 6 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 7 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 9 CA-6 CA-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 11 EV-71 EV-71 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 13 Echo-9 Echo-9 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 14 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 16 Kerala Kerala NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 18 CA-16 CA-16 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 20 West West NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 21 Bengal Bengal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 23 Orissa Orissa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 25 Tamil Tamil NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 26 Nadu Nadu NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 13 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 1 Phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 3 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 4 CA-6 CA-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 6 EV-71 EV-71 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 8 Echo-9 Echo-9 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 9 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 10 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 11 94.8 94.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 13 95.7 95.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 14 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 16 95 95 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 17 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 18 94.4 94.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 19 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 20 homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 21 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 22 Japanese japanese JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 24 Australian australian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 26 French french JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 27 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 14 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 3 CA-16 CA-16 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 4 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 6 closer close JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 8 Malaysian malaysian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 9 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 11 91.2 91.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 13 95.6 95.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 14 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 15 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 16 homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 15 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 4 documents document VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 6 association association NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 8 multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 9 types type NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 11 EV ev NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 12 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 13 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 15 CA-6 CA-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 17 EV-71 EV-71 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 19 Echo-9 Echo-9 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 21 CA-16 CA-16 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 22 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 23 contributing contribute VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 24 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 25 prime prime JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 26 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 27 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 28 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 29 HFMD HFMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 30 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 31 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 33 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 34 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 35 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 36 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 37 emergence emergence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 38 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 39 CA-6 CA-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 40 circulating circulate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 41 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 42 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 43 Kerala Kerala NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 44 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 45 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 16 46 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 17 1 Tasgaon Tasgaon NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 17 2 September September NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 17 3 2010 2010 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 17 4 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 1 Sera Sera NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 3 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 4 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 5 162 162 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 6 suspected suspect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 7 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 8 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 10 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 11 contacts contact NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 13 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 14 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 15 anti anti JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 16 HEV HEV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 17 IgM IgM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 18 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 19 IgG IgG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 20 antibodies antibodies NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 22 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 25 liver liver NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 26 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 27 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 28 Alanine Alanine NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 29 Aminotransferase Aminotransferase NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 31 ALT ALT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 18 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 1 Anti Anti NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 2 HEV HEV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 3 IgM IgM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 4 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 6 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 8 45.7 45.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 9 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 11 74/162 74/162 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 15 suspected suspect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 16 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 19 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 20 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 20 2 overall overall JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 20 3 attack attack NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 20 4 rate rate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 20 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 20 6 0.7 0.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 20 7 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 20 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 21 1 Male male JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 21 2 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 21 3 female female JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 21 4 ratio ratio NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 21 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 21 6 2:1 2:1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 21 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 1 Majority majority NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 3 60.4 60.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 4 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 8 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 12 age age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 13 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 14 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 15 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 16 40 40 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 17 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 19 recovered recover VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 20 without without IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 21 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 22 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 23 complications complication NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 22 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 1 Weekly weekly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 2 distribution distribution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 4 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 5 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 6 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 8 majority majority NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 10 79.4 79.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 11 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 13 116/146 116/146 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 15 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 16 occurred occur VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 17 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 18 2nd 2nd JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 20 3rd 3rd JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 21 week week NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 23 June June NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 23 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 1 Dark dark JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 2 urine urine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 4 97.5 97.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 5 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 8 jaundice jaundice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 10 93.5 93.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 11 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 14 fatigue fatigue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 16 35.9 35.9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 17 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 20 abdominal abdominal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 21 pain pain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 23 32.6 32.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 24 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 27 anorexia anorexia NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 29 29.4 29.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 30 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 33 vomiting vomit VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 35 26.5 26.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 36 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 38 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 39 fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 41 22.8 22.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 42 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 44 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 45 giddiness giddiness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 46 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 47 14.3 14.3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 48 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 50 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 51 diarrhoea diarrhoea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 52 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 53 12.6 12.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 54 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 56 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 57 arthalgia arthalgia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 58 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 59 3.7 3.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 60 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 61 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 62 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 63 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 64 prominent prominent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 65 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 24 66 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 25 1 Sera Sera NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 25 2 collected collect VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 25 3 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 25 4 73 73 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 25 5 antenatal antenatal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 25 6 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 25 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 25 8 ANCs ANCs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 25 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 26 1 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 26 2 anti anti NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 26 3 HEV HEV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 26 4 IgM IgM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 26 5 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 26 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 26 7 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 26 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 27 1 Affected affected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 27 2 pregnant pregnant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 27 3 women woman NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 27 4 had have VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 27 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 27 6 normal normal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 27 7 outcome outcome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 27 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 2 death death NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 4 32 32 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 5 year year NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 7 male male JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 8 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 9 E e NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 10 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 12 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 13 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 15 outbreak outbreak NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 16 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 17 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 18 had have VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 19 cirrhosis cirrhosi NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 21 liver liver NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 22 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 23 oesophageal oesophageal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 24 varices varix NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 28 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 1 Sanitary sanitary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 2 survey survey NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 3 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 5 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 6 pipelines pipeline NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 8 laid lay VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 9 down down RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 11 close close JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 12 proximity proximity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 14 sewerage sewerage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 15 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 18 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 19 posts post NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 20 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 21 without without IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 22 tap tap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 29 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 30 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 30 2 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 30 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 30 4 likely likely JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 30 5 sources source NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 30 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 30 7 faecal faecal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 30 8 contamination contamination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 30 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 30 10 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 30 11 supplies supply NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 30 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 1 Among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 2 17 17 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 3 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 4 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 5 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 7 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 8 places place NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 10 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 12 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 13 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 14 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 15 unfit unfit JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 16 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 17 drinking drink VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 18 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 19 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 21 routine routine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 22 bacteriological bacteriological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 23 tests test NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 24 conducted conduct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 25 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 26 State State NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 27 Public Public NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 28 Health Health NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 29 Laboratory Laboratory NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 31 Pune Pune NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 31 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 32 1 No no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 32 2 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 32 3 occurred occur VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 32 4 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 32 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 32 6 pipelines pipeline NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 32 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 32 8 repaired repair VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 32 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 2 typical typical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 3 outbreak outbreak NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 5 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 6 E E NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 7 re re NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 8 - - NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 9 emphasizes emphasize VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 10 need need NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 11 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 12 proper proper JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 13 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 14 supply supply NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 15 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 16 sewage sewage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 17 disposal disposal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 18 pipelines pipeline NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 20 adequate adequate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 21 maintenance maintenance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 22 measures measure NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 33 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 1 Jayanthi Jayanthi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 2 Shastri Shastri NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 4 Nilima Nilima NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 5 Vaidya Vaidya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 7 Sandhya Sandhya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 8 Sawant Sawant NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 10 Umesh Umesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 11 Aigal Aigal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 12 Department Department NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 14 Molecular Molecular NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 15 Biology Biology NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 17 Kasturba Kasturba NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 18 Hospital Hospital NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 19 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 20 Infectious Infectious NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 21 Diseases Diseases NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 23 Mumbai Mumbai NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 25 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 26 Dengue Dengue NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 28 Dengue Dengue NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 29 haemorrhagic haemorrhagic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 30 fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 31 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 32 amongst amongst IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 33 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 34 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 35 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 36 challenges challenge NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 37 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 38 tropical tropical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 39 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 40 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 41 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 42 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 43 expanding expand VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 44 geographic geographic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 45 distribution distribution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 46 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 47 increasing increase VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 48 outbreak outbreak NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 49 frequency frequency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 50 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 51 hyperendemicity hyperendemicity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 52 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 53 evolution evolution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 54 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 55 virulence virulence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 34 56 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 35 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 35 2 gobal gobal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 35 3 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 35 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 35 5 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 35 6 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 35 7 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 35 8 dramatically dramatically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 35 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 35 10 recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 35 11 decades decade NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 35 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 1 WHO who WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 2 estimates estimate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 3 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 4 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 5 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 6 million million CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 7 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 9 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 11 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 12 worldwide worldwide RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 13 every every DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 14 year year NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 15 resulting result VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 17 250,000 250,000 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 18 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 19 500,000 500,000 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 20 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 22 DHF DHF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 24 24,000 24,000 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 25 deaths death NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 26 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 27 year year NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 36 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 1 Public public JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 2 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 3 laboratories laboratory NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 4 require require VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 5 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 6 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 8 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 9 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 11 application application NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 13 measures measure NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 14 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 15 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 16 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 17 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 37 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 1 Laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 2 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 4 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 5 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 6 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 7 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 8 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 9 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 12 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 14 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 15 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 17 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 18 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 20 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 21 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 22 and/or and/or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 23 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 38 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 1 Currently currently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 2 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 3 basic basic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 4 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 5 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 7 laboratories laboratory NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 9 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 11 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 12 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 13 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 14 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 15 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 16 isolation isolation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 18 characterisation characterisation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 20 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 22 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 23 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 24 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 25 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 26 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 27 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 28 technology technology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 29 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 31 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 33 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 34 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 35 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 36 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 37 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 38 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 39 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 40 1 Molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 40 2 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 40 3 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 40 4 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 40 5 reverse reverse JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 40 6 transcription transcription NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 40 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 40 8 RT)-PCR RT)-PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 40 9 s.a s.a NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 40 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 1 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 2 step step NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 3 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 4 nested nest VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 5 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 7 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 8 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 9 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 10 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 11 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 13 NASBA NASBA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 16 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 17 real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 18 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 19 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 20 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 21 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 23 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 24 gradually gradually RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 25 replaced replace VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 27 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 28 isolation isolation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 29 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 30 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 32 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 33 standard standard NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 34 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 35 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 36 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 37 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 38 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 39 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 40 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 41 acute acute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 42 phase phase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 43 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 44 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 41 45 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 1 Several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 2 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 3 protocols protocol NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 4 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 5 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 6 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 7 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 8 described describe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 9 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 10 vary vary VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 13 extraction extraction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 14 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 16 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 17 location location NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 19 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 21 specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 23 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 26 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 27 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 28 determine determine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 30 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 33 serotype serotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 42 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 1 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 3 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 4 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 5 tests test NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 7 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 10 specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 12 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 14 enable enable VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 15 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 16 definitive definitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 17 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 19 serotyping serotyping NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 22 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 43 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 2 addition addition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 3 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 4 sequencing sequencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 7 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 8 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 9 enables enable VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 12 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 13 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 14 genotyped genotype VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 16 providing provide VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 17 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 18 information information NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 19 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 21 sources source NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 23 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 44 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 1 More more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 2 recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 3 tests test NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 4 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 5 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 6 flurogenic flurogenic NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 7 probe probe NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 9 so so RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 10 called call VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 11 Taq Taq NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 12 Man Man NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 13 technology technology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 14 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 16 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 17 Real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 18 Time Time NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 19 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 21 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 22 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 23 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 24 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 25 amplicons amplicon NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 45 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 1 Product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 3 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 4 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 6 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 7 oligodeoxy oligodeoxy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 8 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 9 probe probe NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 10 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 11 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 12 labelled label VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 14 6 6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 15 carboxy carboxy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 16 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 17 fluorescein fluorescein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 19 FAM FAM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 46 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 47 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 47 2 technology technology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 47 3 offers offer VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 47 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 47 5 advantage advantage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 47 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 47 7 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 47 8 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 47 9 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 47 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 47 11 potentially potentially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 47 12 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 47 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 1 Second second RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 4 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 6 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 7 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 8 hybridisation hybridisation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 10 flurochrome flurochrome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 11 labelled label VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 12 probes probe NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 13 increases increase VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 14 specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 48 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 1 Third third RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 3 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 5 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 6 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 7 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 8 without without IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 10 need need NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 12 open open VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 14 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 15 tube tube NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 18 risk risk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 20 contamination contamination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 21 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 22 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 23 carry carry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 24 over over RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 25 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 26 minimised minimise VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 49 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 2 advantages advantage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 4 speed speed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 6 contamination contamination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 7 minimisation minimisation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 9 reduced reduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 10 turn turn NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 11 around around IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 12 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 13 justify justify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 14 application application NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 16 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 17 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 18 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 20 currently currently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 21 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 22 nested nest VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 23 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 24 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 50 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 1 During during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 3 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 4 January January NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 5 2007 2007 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 7 October October NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 8 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 10 Molecular Molecular NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 11 laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 12 received receive VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 13 900 900 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 14 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 15 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 16 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 17 presenting present VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 18 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 19 acute acute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 20 onset onset NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 21 fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 22 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 23 Dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 24 .6 .6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 25 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 51 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 52 1 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 52 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 52 3 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 52 4 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 52 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 52 6 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 52 7 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 52 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 3 peaks peak VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 6 monsoon monsoon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 7 season season NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 9 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 10 percentage percentage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 12 17.5 17.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 13 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 53 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 1 Rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 2 tests test NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 4 IgM IgM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 6 IgG IgG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 7 capture capture VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 8 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 9 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 10 popularly popularly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 11 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 12 tests test NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 14 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 16 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 17 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 54 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 2 utility utility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 4 limited limit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 6 diagnosing diagnose VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 7 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 9 convalescecce convalescecce NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 11 8 8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 12 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 13 14 14 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 14 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 55 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 1 Specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 3 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 4 compromised compromise VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 5 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 7 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 9 flaviviruses flavivirus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 10 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 11 Japanese japanese JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 12 encephalitis encephalitis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 14 Chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 56 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 1 Dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 2 NS1 NS1 NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 3 Ag Ag NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 4 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 6 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 7 cost cost NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 8 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 10 specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 12 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 13 should should MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 14 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 15 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 16 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 18 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 20 choice choice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 21 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 22 diagnosing diagnose VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 23 Dengue Dengue NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 24 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 26 acute acute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 27 phase phase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 29 illness illness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 32 developing develop VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 33 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 57 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 1 Molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 2 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 3 enables enable VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 4 confirmatory confirmatory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 5 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 7 Dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 10 acute acute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 11 phase phase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 14 illness illness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 16 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 17 suitable suitable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 18 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 19 further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 20 typing typing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 21 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 58 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 1 Assistant Assistant NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 2 General General NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 3 Manager Manager NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 5 R&D R&D NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 6 Coordinator Coordinator NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 8 Division Division NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 10 Quality Quality NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 11 Control Control NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 13 R&D R&D NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 15 Bharat Bharat NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 16 Immunologicals Immunologicals NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 18 Biologicals Biologicals NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 19 Corporation Corporation NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 20 Ltd. Ltd. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 22 Village Village NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 23 Chola Chola NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 25 Bulandshahr Bulandshahr NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 27 UP UP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 28 Vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 29 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 31 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 33 though though IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 34 slow slow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 35 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 36 start start VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 37 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 38 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 39 progressed progress VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 40 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 41 leaps leap NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 42 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 43 bounds bound NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 44 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 45 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 46 past past JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 47 60 60 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 48 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 59 49 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 3 dependent dependent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 4 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 5 imported import VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 6 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 7 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 8 now now RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 10 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 11 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 12 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 13 self self NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 14 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 15 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 18 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 20 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 21 conforming conform VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 22 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 23 international international JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 24 standards standard NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 25 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 26 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 27 supplier supplier NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 30 same same JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 31 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 32 UNICEF UNICEF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 60 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 2 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 4 Drug Drug NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 5 authorities authority NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 6 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 8 enhance enhance VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 10 public public JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 11 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 12 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 13 assuring assure VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 15 availability availability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 17 safe safe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 19 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 20 A2 A2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 21 Indian Indian NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 22 J. J. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 23 Virol Virol NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 61 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 62 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 62 2 September September NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 62 3 2010 2010 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 62 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 63 1 21(Suppl 21(Suppl NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 63 2 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 64 1 1):A1-A58 1):a1-a58 LS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 64 2 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 64 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 64 4 allergenic allergenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 64 5 extracts extract NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 64 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 64 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 64 8 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 64 9 related related JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 64 10 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 64 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 65 1 Vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 65 2 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 65 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 65 4 tightly tightly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 65 5 regulated regulate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 65 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 65 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 65 8 hierarchy hierarchy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 65 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 65 10 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 65 11 bodies body NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 65 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 1 Guidelines guideline NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 2 provided provide VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 3 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 5 Indian Indian NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 6 Council Council NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 8 Medical Medical NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 9 Research Research NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 11 ICMR ICMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 13 set set VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 15 rules rule NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 17 conduct conduct NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 18 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 19 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 20 trials trial NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 21 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 22 Phase phase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 23 I -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 24 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 25 IV IV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 26 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 27 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 28 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 29 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 30 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 31 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 32 combination combination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 33 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 66 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 67 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 67 2 guidelines guideline NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 67 3 address address VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 67 4 ethical ethical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 67 5 issues issue NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 67 6 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 67 7 arise arise VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 67 8 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 67 9 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 67 10 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 67 11 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 67 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 2 network network NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 4 Adverse Adverse NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 5 Drug Drug NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 6 Reaction Reaction NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 8 ADR ADR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 10 monitoring monitoring NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 11 centers center NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 12 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 15 Adverse adverse JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 68 16 Events event NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 69 1 Following follow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 70 1 Immunization immunization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 70 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 70 3 AEFI AEFI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 70 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 70 5 monitoring monitoring NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 70 6 program program NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 70 7 provide provide VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 70 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 70 9 machinery machinery NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 70 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 70 11 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 70 12 pharmacovigilance pharmacovigilance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 70 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 1 Genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 2 modifications modification NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 3 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 4 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 5 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 7 develop develop VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 8 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 10 cheaper cheap JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 11 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 12 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 14 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 16 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 17 technology technology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 71 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 2 ensure ensure VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 3 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 5 consumers consumer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 7 producers producer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 9 experimental experimental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 10 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 12 environment environment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 14 Governments government NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 15 all all RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 16 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 18 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 19 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 20 following follow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 21 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 22 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 24 guidelines guideline NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 25 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 26 genetically genetically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 27 modified modify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 28 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 72 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 1 As as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 2 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 3 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 4 industrializing industrialize VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 5 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 6 undergoing undergo VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 7 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 8 shifts shift NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 10 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 11 clearly clearly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 12 recognizes recognize VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 14 need need NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 15 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 16 restructure restructure VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 17 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 18 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 19 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 20 so so IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 21 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 22 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 23 biopharmaceutical biopharmaceutical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 24 industry industry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 25 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 26 compete compete VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 27 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 28 international international JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 29 markets market NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 73 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 1 Genetic Genetic NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 2 Engineering Engineering NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 3 Approval Approval NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 4 Council Council NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 6 GEAC GEAC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 9 Recombinant Recombinant NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 10 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 11 Advisory Advisory NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 12 Committee Committee NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 14 RDAC RDAC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 17 Review Review NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 18 Committee Committee NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 19 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 20 Genetic Genetic NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 21 Manipulation Manipulation NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 23 RCGM RCGM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 26 Institutional Institutional NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 27 Biosafety Biosafety NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 28 Committees Committees NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 30 IBSC IBSC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 32 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 33 responsible responsible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 34 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 35 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 36 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 37 commitment commitment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 38 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 39 parameters parameter NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 40 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 41 commercialization commercialization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 42 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 43 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 44 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 74 45 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 2 centralize centralize VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 4 coordinate coordinate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 6 whole whole JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 7 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 9 Government Government NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 10 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 11 taken take VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 12 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 13 form form VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 14 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 15 agencies agency NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 16 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 17 regulate regulate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 19 regulation regulation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 20 laws law NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 21 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 22 develop develop VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 23 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 24 pharmaceuticals pharmaceutical NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 25 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 26 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 27 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 75 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 2 first first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 5 creation creation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 8 National National NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 9 Biotechnology Biotechnology NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 10 Regulatory Regulatory NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 11 Authority Authority NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 13 NBRA NBRA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 16 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 18 Department Department NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 20 Biotechnology Biotechnology NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 22 DBT DBT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 25 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 26 part part NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 28 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 29 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 30 long long JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 31 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 32 term term NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 33 biotech biotech JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 34 sector sector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 35 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 36 strategy strategy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 76 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 77 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 77 2 second second JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 77 3 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 77 4 initiative initiative NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 77 5 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 77 6 affect affect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 77 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 77 8 entire entire JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 77 9 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 77 10 pharmaceutical pharmaceutical NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 77 11 industry industry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 77 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 4 replacement replacement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 6 most most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 7 state state NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 9 district district NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 12 central central JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 13 drug drug NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 14 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 15 agencies agency NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 16 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 17 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 18 single single JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 20 central central JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 22 FDA FDA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 23 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 24 style style NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 25 agency agency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 28 Central Central NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 29 Drug Drug NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 30 Authority Authority NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 32 CDA CDA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 78 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 2 CDA CDA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 4 expected expect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 6 have have VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 7 separate separate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 9 semi semi JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 10 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 11 autonomous autonomous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 12 departments department NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 14 regulation regulation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 16 enforcement enforcement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 18 legal legal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 21 consumer consumer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 22 affairs affair NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 23 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 24 biotechnology biotechnology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 25 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 26 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 27 pharmacovigilance pharmacovigilance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 29 drugs drug NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 30 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 31 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 32 medical medical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 33 devices device NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 34 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 35 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 36 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 37 imports import NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 38 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 39 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 40 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 41 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 42 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 43 traditional traditional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 44 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 45 medicines medicine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 79 46 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 2 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 3 set set VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 4 up up RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 5 offices office NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 6 throughout throughout IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 7 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 9 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 11 paid pay VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 12 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 13 inspection inspection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 15 registration registration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 18 license license NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 19 fees fee NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 80 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 2 enforcement enforcement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 3 powers power NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 4 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 5 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 6 strengthened strengthen VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 7 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 9 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 10 law law NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 11 increasing increase VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 13 criminal criminal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 14 penalties penalty NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 16 illegal illegal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 17 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 18 trials trial NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 81 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 3 manufacturing manufacturing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 4 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 6 though though RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 9 country country NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 10 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 11 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 12 tightening tighten VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 14 rules rule NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 16 enforcement enforcement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 82 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 1 An an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 2 amendment amendment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 3 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 5 regulations regulation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 7 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 8 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 9 Schedule Schedule NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 10 M M NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 11 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 12 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 15 Drug Drug NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 17 Cosmetics Cosmetics NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 18 Act Act NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 20 now now RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 21 specifies specify VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 23 Good Good NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 24 Manufacturing Manufacturing NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 25 Practice Practice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 27 GMP GMP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 29 requirements requirement NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 30 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 31 factory factory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 32 premises premise NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 33 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 34 materials material NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 83 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 2 requirements requirement NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 4 modeled model VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 5 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 6 US US NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 7 FDA FDA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 8 regulations regulation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 11 improve improve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 12 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 13 coordination coordination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 14 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 15 Indian Indian NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 17 US US NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 18 regulators regulator NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 84 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 1 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 2 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 3 realized realize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 5 importance importance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 7 regulations regulation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 9 pharmaceutical pharmaceutical NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 10 specially specially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 12 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 13 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 14 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 16 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 17 take take VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 18 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 19 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 20 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 21 implementation implementation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 23 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 85 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 86 1 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 86 2 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 86 3 coordinated coordinate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 86 4 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 86 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 86 6 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 86 7 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 86 8 functions function NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 86 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 86 10 Western western JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 86 11 organizations organization NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 86 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 87 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 87 2 US US NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 87 3 Pharmacopoeia Pharmacopoeia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 87 4 established establish VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 87 5 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 87 6 office office NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 87 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 87 8 Hyderabad Hyderabad NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 87 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 87 10 2007 2007 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 87 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 2 representative representative NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 5 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 6 pharmaceutical pharmaceutical NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 7 lobby lobby NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 8 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 9 recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 10 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 11 expressed express VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 12 openness openness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 13 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 14 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 15 expansion expansion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 18 FDA FDA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 19 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 20 oversight oversight NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 22 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 23 manufacturing manufacturing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 88 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 1 As as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 2 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 3 expands expand VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 4 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 5 global global JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 6 drug drug NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 8 biologicals biological NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 9 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 11 US US NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 13 Europe Europe NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 15 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 17 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 18 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 19 largest large JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 20 drug drug NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 21 importers importer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 23 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 24 likely likely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 25 expand expand VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 26 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 27 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 28 support support NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 29 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 31 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 33 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 34 country country NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 35 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 36 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 37 systems system NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 89 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 1 Rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 2 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 4 Japanese japanese JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 5 encephalitis encephalitis RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 6 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 8 JEV JEV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 10 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 11 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 12 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 14 timely timely JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 15 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 16 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 18 epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 19 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 21 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 22 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 23 multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 24 flaviviruses flavivirus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 25 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 26 endemic endemic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 90 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 4 speed speed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 6 accuracy accuracy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 8 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 9 must must MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 11 balanced balance VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 12 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 13 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 14 cost cost NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 16 availability availability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 18 especially especially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 20 developing develop VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 21 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 91 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 1 An an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 2 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 3 capture capture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 4 enzyme enzyme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 5 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 6 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 7 immunosorbent immunosorbent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 8 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 10 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 12 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 13 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 15 circulating circulate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 16 JEV JEV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 17 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 18 nonstructural nonstructural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 19 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 20 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 22 NS1 ns1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 24 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 25 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 26 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 27 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 28 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 29 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 31 MAbs MAbs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 33 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 34 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 35 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 37 NS1 ns1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 92 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 2 applicability applicability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 4 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 5 JEV JEV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 6 NS1 NS1 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 7 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 8 capture capture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 9 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 11 early early JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 12 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 13 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 14 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 15 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 16 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 17 200 200 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 18 acute acute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 19 phase phase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 20 serum/ serum/ CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 21 cerebrospinal cerebrospinal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 93 22 fluid fluid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 94 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 94 2 CSF CSF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 94 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 94 4 specimens specimen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 94 5 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 94 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 94 7 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 94 8 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 94 9 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 94 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 94 11 2007 2007 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 94 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 95 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 95 2 2008 2008 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 95 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 95 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 95 5 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 95 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 95 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 96 1 JEV JEV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 96 2 NS1 NS1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 96 3 antigen antigen NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 96 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 96 5 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 96 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 96 7 circulation circulation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 96 8 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 96 9 day day NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 96 10 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 96 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 96 12 18 18 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 96 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 2 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 4 specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 6 JEV JEV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 7 NS1 ns1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 8 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 10 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 11 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 12 CSF csf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 13 specimens specimen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 14 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 15 reference reference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 16 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 17 reverse reverse VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 18 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 19 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 20 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 21 82 82 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 22 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 25 98.9 98.9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 26 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 27 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 97 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 1 No no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 2 crossreactions crossreaction NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 3 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 4 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 7 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 8 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 9 related related JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 10 members member NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 13 genus genus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 14 Flaviviruses Flaviviruses NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 16 Dengue Dengue NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 18 Westnile Westnile NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 20 Yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 21 fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 23 Saint Saint NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 24 Louis Louis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 25 encephalitis encephalitis RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 27 SLE SLE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 29 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 31 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 32 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 33 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 34 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 35 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 36 either either DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 37 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 38 specimens specimen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 39 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 40 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 41 cultures culture NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 98 42 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 2 findings finding NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 3 suggested suggest VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 6 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 7 JEV JEV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 8 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 9 MAb MAb NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 11 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 12 NS1 ns1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 13 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 14 capture capture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 15 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 16 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 17 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 18 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 19 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 21 reliable reliable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 22 tool tool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 23 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 24 early early JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 25 confirmatory confirmatory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 26 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 27 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 28 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 29 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 30 surveillance surveillance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 32 JE JE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 33 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 34 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 35 developing develop VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 36 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 99 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 100 1 Manmohan Manmohan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 100 2 Parida Parida NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 2 recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 3 emergence emergence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 6 novel novel JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 7 human human NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 8 influenza influenza NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 9 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 12 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 14 poses pose VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 15 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 16 serious serious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 17 global global JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 18 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 19 threat threat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 101 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 2 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 3 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 4 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 5 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 6 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 7 considerable considerable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 8 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 10 deaths death NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 11 within within IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 12 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 13 short short JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 14 duration duration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 15 since since IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 16 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 17 emergence emergence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 102 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 2 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 4 step step NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 5 single single JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 6 tube tube NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 7 accelerated accelerate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 8 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 9 real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 11 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 13 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 14 Swine Swine NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 15 flu flu NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 16 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 17 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 18 H1 H1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 19 RTLAMP RTLAMP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 20 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 21 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 22 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 23 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 24 targeting target VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 26 H1 H1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 27 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 30 novel novel JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 31 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 32 hybrid hybrid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 33 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 103 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 2 feasibility feasibility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 4 Swine Swine NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 5 flu flu NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 6 H1 h1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 7 RTLAMP RTLAMP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 9 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 10 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 12 validated validate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 15 panel panel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 17 239 239 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 18 suspected suspect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 19 throat throat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 20 wash wash NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 21 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 22 comprising comprise VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 23 116 116 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 24 confirmed confirm VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 25 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 27 123 123 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 28 confirmed confirm VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 29 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 30 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 32 ongoing ongoing JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 33 epidemic epidemic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 104 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 2 comparative comparative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 3 evaluation evaluation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 5 H1 h1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 6 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 7 RTLAMP RTLAMP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 8 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 10 real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 12 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 13 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 14 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 15 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 16 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 17 exceptionally exceptionally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 18 higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 19 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 20 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 21 picking pick VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 22 up up RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 23 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 25 116 116 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 26 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 27 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 29 36 36 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 30 additional additional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 31 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 32 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 33 amongst amongst IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 34 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 35 negatives negative NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 36 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 37 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 38 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 39 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 40 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 41 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 105 42 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 1 None none NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 4 Real Real NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 5 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 6 Time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 7 RTPCR RTPCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 8 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 9 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 11 missed miss VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 12 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 13 RTLAMP RTLAMP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 14 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 106 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 2 comparative comparative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 4 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 5 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 6 RTLAMP RTLAMP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 8 100-fold 100-fold CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 9 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 10 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 11 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 12 RTPCR RTPCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 15 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 16 limit limit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 18 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 19 copy copy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 20 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 107 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 2 findings finding NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 3 suggested suggest VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 5 RTLAMP RTLAMP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 6 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 9 valuable valuable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 10 tool tool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 11 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 12 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 14 real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 16 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 17 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 18 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 19 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 20 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 21 quantification quantification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 23 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 24 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 26 acute acute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 27 phase phase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 28 throat throat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 29 swab swab NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 30 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 31 without without IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 32 requiring require VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 33 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 34 sophisticated sophisticated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 35 equipments equipment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 108 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 109 1 because because IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 109 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 109 3 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 109 4 recurrent recurrent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 109 5 nature nature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 109 6 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 1 Despite despite IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 2 considerable considerable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 3 progress progress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 5 understanding understanding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 8 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 9 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 10 cellular cellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 12 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 13 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 16 proper proper JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 17 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 20 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 22 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 23 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 24 stages stage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 25 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 26 still still RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 27 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 28 dilemma dilemma NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 29 particularly particularly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 30 whether whether IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 31 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 32 use use VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 33 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 34 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 35 steroids steroid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 36 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 37 both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 110 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 2 risk risk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 4 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 5 steroids steroid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 8 attendant attendant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 9 complications complication NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 10 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 12 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 13 weighed weigh VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 14 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 16 risk risk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 18 progression progression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 21 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 22 if if IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 23 avoiding avoid VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 25 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 27 steroids steroid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 111 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 2 dilemma dilemma NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 3 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 4 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 5 reduced reduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 8 considerable considerable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 9 extent extent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 10 if if IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 11 basic basic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 12 principles principle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 14 virology virology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 16 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 17 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 18 kept keep VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 20 mind mind NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 112 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 2 article article NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 3 reviews review VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 4 current current JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 5 concepts concept NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 7 virological virological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 9 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 10 aspects aspect NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 12 HSV HSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 13 keratitis keratitis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 15 enable enable VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 16 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 17 broad broad JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 18 understanding understanding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 21 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 22 process process NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 113 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 3 recognized recognize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 4 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 5 influential influential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 6 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 7 factors factor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 8 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 10 fact fact NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 11 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 12 HSK HSK NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 13 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 14 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 15 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 17 men man NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 18 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 19 women woman NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 114 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 3 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 6 ability ability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 8 HSV HSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 10 establish establish VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 11 latent latent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 12 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 14 sensory sensory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 15 neurons neuron NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 17 possibly possibly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 18 cornea cornea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 20 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 21 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 22 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 23 yet yet RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 24 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 25 unable unable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 26 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 27 use use VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 28 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 29 knowledge knowledge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 30 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 31 prevent prevent VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 33 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 34 limitations limitation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 115 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 1 Acknowledging acknowledge VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 2 limitations limitation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 3 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 4 further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 5 stimulate stimulate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 6 application application NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 8 laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 9 knowledge knowledge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 11 coping cope VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 12 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 13 HSK HSK NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 14 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 15 constitutes constitute VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 16 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 17 present present VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 18 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 19 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 21 terms term NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 23 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 116 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 1 MVO-10 MVO-10 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 2 Study Study NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 3 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 4 Effect Effect NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 6 Human Human NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 7 bHsp90 bHsp90 . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 9 Immunity Immunity NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 11 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 12 Core Core NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 13 Protein Protein NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 117 15 HBV HBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 118 1 HbsAg HbsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 1 There there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 2 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 3 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 4 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 5 500 500 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 6 million million CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 7 individuals individual NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 9 hepatitis hepatitis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 10 B B NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 12 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 15 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 119 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 2 spite spite NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 4 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 7 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 8 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 9 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 10 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 11 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 12 reports report NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 13 about about IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 14 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 15 who who WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 16 got get VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 17 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 18 before before RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 120 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 1 Also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 2 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 4 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 5 efficient efficient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 6 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 7 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 9 hepatitis hepatitis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 10 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 12 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 15 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 16 problems problem NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 18 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 121 19 project project NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 122 1 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 122 2 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 122 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 122 4 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 122 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 122 6 suitable suitable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 122 7 adjuvant adjuvant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 122 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 122 9 human human JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 122 10 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 122 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 123 1 At at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 123 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 123 3 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 123 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 123 5 applied apply VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 123 6 human human NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 123 7 bHsp90 bhsp90 CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 123 8 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 123 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 123 10 adjuvant adjuvant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 123 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 123 12 chaperon chaperon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 123 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 2 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 3 injected inject VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 4 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 5 BalbC BalbC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 6 mice mouse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 8 adjuvant adjuvant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 9 together together RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 11 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 12 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 14 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 15 core core NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 17 HBV HBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 18 HbsAg HbsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 124 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 125 1 Then then RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 125 2 humoral humoral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 125 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 125 4 Cellular cellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 125 5 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 125 6 systems system NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 125 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 125 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 125 9 mice mouse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 125 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 125 11 studied study VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 125 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 1 Core core VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 3 HbsAg HbsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 4 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 6 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 7 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 8 pETDuet-1 petduet-1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 9 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 11 thermal thermal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 12 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 14 pGP1 pGP1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 16 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 17 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 18 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 19 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 20 human human JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 21 heat heat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 22 shock shock NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 23 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 24 90 90 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 25 expressions expression NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 126 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 2 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 3 combination combination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 5 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 6 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 7 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 9 injected inject VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 10 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 11 mice mouse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 13 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 14 evaluated evaluate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 16 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 17 IgG igg NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 19 IgG2a IgG2a NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 21 mice mouse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 22 serums serum NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 23 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 24 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 25 week week NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 127 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 1 Two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 2 weeks week NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 3 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 4 booster booster NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 5 injection injection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 7 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 8 studied study VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 10 proliferation proliferation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 12 cytokine cytokine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 13 secretion secretion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 15 spleen spleen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 17 inguinal inguinal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 19 popliteal popliteal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 20 lymph lymph NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 21 nodes node NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 22 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 24 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 26 ex ex FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 27 vivo vivo NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 28 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 128 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 1 So so RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 3 Core Core NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 4 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 5 HbsAg HbsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 6 + + CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 7 hsp hsp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 9 Core Core NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 10 + + SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 11 HbsAg HbsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 12 + + CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 13 hsp hsp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 14 complexes complex NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 15 induced induce VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 16 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 17 IgG igg NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 19 IgG2a IgG2a NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 20 secretion secretion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 129 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 2 spleen spleen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 3 lymphocytes lymphocyte VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 4 proliferation proliferation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 6 increased increase VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 7 equal equal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 9 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 10 IgG2a igg2a JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 11 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 12 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 14 constant constant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 16 second second JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 17 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 18 bleeding bleed VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 19 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 20 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 21 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 22 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 23 complexes complex NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 24 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 25 freund freund NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 26 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 27 adjuvant adjuvant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 130 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 1 At at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 2 first first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 3 IL-4 IL-4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 5 IL-5 IL-5 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 6 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 8 increased increase VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 10 then then RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 11 decrease decrease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 13 IL-4 IL-4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 14 meaned mean VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 15 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 16 hypersensitivity hypersensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 131 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 2 chaperon chaperon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 3 effect effect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 5 Hsp90 Hsp90 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 6 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 7 structure structure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 9 core core NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 11 HbsAg HbsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 12 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 14 studied study VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 15 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 16 CD CD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 18 flourometer flourometer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 132 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 133 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 133 2 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 133 3 fold fold VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 133 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 133 5 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 133 6 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 133 7 heating heating NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 133 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 133 9 unfolding unfolding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 133 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 1 Hepatitis Hepatitis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 2 B B NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 3 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 5 HBV HBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 7 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 8 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 9 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 10 preventable preventable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 11 global global JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 12 public public JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 13 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 14 problem problem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 134 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 1 All all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 2 commercially commercially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 3 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 4 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 5 contain contain VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 6 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 7 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 8 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 11 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 12 Hepatitis Hepatitis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 13 B B NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 14 envelope envelope NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 15 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 16 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 17 surface surface NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 18 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 20 HBsAg hbsag ADD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 135 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 1 Measurement measurement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 3 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 4 responsible responsible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 6 immunogenicity immunogenicity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 8 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 10 central central JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 12 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 13 assessment assessment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 136 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 2 problems problem NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 3 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 6 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 9 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 10 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 12 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 13 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 14 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 15 regard regard NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 16 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 17 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 18 poorly poorly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 19 defined define VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 20 nature nature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 22 batch batch NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 23 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 24 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 25 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 26 batch batch NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 27 variation variation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 28 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 29 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 30 mitigated mitigate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 31 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 33 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 34 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 35 MAbs MAbs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 36 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 37 described describe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 38 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 39 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 40 paper paper NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 137 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 2 initial initial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 3 capture capture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 5 HBsAg hbsag ADD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 8 MAb MAb NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 9 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 10 orientate orientate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 12 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 13 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 15 same same JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 16 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 17 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 18 bind bind VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 19 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 20 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 21 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 22 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 23 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 24 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 25 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 26 labeling label VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 27 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 28 out out IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 29 steric steric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 30 hindrance hindrance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 138 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 2 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 4 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 5 immuno immuno JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 6 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 7 capture capture JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 8 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 10 IC IC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 12 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 15 measure measure VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 17 HBsAg HBsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 18 content content NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 19 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 20 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 21 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 22 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 24 MAb MAb NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 26 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 27 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 28 determinant determinant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 29 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 30 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 31 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 32 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 33 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 34 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 35 HBsAg HBsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 36 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 37 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 38 experimental experimental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 39 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 40 formulations formulation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 41 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 42 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 43 discussed discuss VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 139 44 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 1 Murine Murine NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 2 MAbs MAbs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 3 developed develop VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 4 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 5 HBsAg HBsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 7 subtype subtype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 8 adw2 adw2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 10 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 12 cross cross VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 13 - - VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 14 react react VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 17 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 18 subtypes subtype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 19 viz viz JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 140 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 141 1 ad ad NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 141 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 141 3 ay ay UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 141 4 too too RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 141 5 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 2 MAbs MAbs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 3 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 4 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 5 characterized characterize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 6 following follow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 7 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 9 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 10 MAb MAb NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 11 HBs06 hbs06 PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 13 chosen choose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 14 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 15 developing develop VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 16 IC IC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 17 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 18 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 19 format format NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 20 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 22 quantification quantification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 25 HBsAg HBsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 28 final final JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 29 Algel Algel NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 30 adsorbed adsorb VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 31 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 142 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 2 unadsorbed unadsorbed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 3 HBsAg HBsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 5 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 7 establish establish VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 9 standard standard JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 10 curve curve NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 12 HBsAg HBsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 13 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 14 a a NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 143 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 144 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 144 2 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 144 3 had have VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 144 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 144 5 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 144 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 144 7 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 144 8 ng ng NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 144 9 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 144 10 ml ml NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 144 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 144 12 HBsAg HBsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 144 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 2 recovery recovery NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 3 rate rate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 5 HBsAg HBsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 6 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 9 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 11 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 12 around around IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 13 70 70 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 14 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 17 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 18 treated treat VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 19 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 20 desorb desorb VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 22 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 23 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 24 Algel Algel NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 145 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 146 1 Twenty twenty CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 146 2 seven seven CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 146 3 experimental experimental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 146 4 batches batch NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 146 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 146 6 monovalent monovalent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 1 Hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 2 B b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 3 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 5 analyzed analyze VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 8 HBsAg HBsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 9 content content NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 11 both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 12 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 13 IC IC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 14 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 15 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 17 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 18 commercial commercial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 19 kit kit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 21 AxSym AxSym NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 22 kit kit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 24 Abbott Abbott NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 25 Laboratories Laboratories NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 27 USA USA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 147 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 2 statistical statistical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 3 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 5 IC IC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 6 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 7 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 8 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 9 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 10 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 11 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 12 experimental experimental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 13 equation equation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 14 f(x f(x NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 16 = = SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 17 0.0062(x 0.0062(x CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 19 + + SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 20 0.184 0.184 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 22 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 23 precisely precisely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 24 estimate estimate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 26 amount amount NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 28 HBsAg HBsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 29 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 31 adsorbed adsorb VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 32 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 148 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 2 amounts amount NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 4 HBsAg hbsag ADD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 5 recovered recover VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 8 adsorbed adsorb VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 9 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 10 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 11 estimated estimate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 12 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 14 IC IC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 16 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 17 format format NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 18 had have VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 19 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 20 good good JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 21 correlation correlation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 22 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 24 estimates estimate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 25 derived derive VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 26 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 27 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 28 commercial commercial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 29 kit kit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 31 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 32 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 33 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 34 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 35 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 36 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 37 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 38 manufacturers manufacturer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 39 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 40 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 41 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 42 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 43 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 44 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 45 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 46 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 47 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 149 48 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 2 varying vary VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 3 amounts amount NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 5 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 6 antigens antigen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 7 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 8 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 9 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 10 recovered recover VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 11 seemed seem VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 12 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 13 depend depend VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 14 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 16 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 19 HBsAg hbsag XX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 22 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 24 HBsAg HBsAg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 25 adsorption adsorption NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 26 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 28 alum alum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 29 gel gel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 30 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 31 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 32 manufacture manufacture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 150 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 151 1 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 151 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 151 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 151 4 spread spread NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 151 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 151 6 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 151 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 151 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 1 Children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 3 school school NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 4 going go VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 5 age age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 6 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 7 become become VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 8 victim victim NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 10 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 11 deadly deadly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 12 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 13 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 14 evident evident JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 15 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 17 reporting report VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 18 data datum NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 19 generated generate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 22 past past JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 23 few few JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 24 weeks week NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 152 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 153 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 153 2 mortality mortality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 153 3 rate rate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 153 4 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 153 5 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 153 6 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 153 7 slightly slightly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 153 8 increased increase VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 153 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 3 spread spread VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 5 wave wave NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 6 pattern pattern NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 8 presently presently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 10 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 11 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 12 passing pass VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 13 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 15 second second JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 16 wave wave NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 18 pandemic pandemic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 19 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 20 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 21 severity severity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 22 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 23 young young JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 25 otherwise otherwise RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 26 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 27 people people NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 28 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 29 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 30 predilection predilection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 31 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 32 lungs lung NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 33 leading lead VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 34 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 35 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 36 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 37 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 38 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 39 failure failure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 154 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 1 Now now RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 3 pandemic pandemic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 4 gained gain VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 5 hold hold NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 8 developing develop VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 9 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 10 affecting affect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 11 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 12 severely severely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 13 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 14 millions million NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 16 people people NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 17 live live VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 18 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 19 deprived deprived JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 20 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 21 having have VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 22 multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 23 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 24 problems problem NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 26 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 27 little little JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 28 access access NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 29 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 30 basic basic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 31 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 32 care care NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 155 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 1 Current current JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 2 data datum NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 3 about about IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 5 pandemic pandemic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 7 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 8 counties county NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 9 need need VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 11 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 12 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 13 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 14 watched watch VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 16 relation relation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 17 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 18 Shift shift VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 20 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 21 sub sub NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 22 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 24 Shift Shift NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 27 highest high JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 28 death death NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 29 rate rate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 30 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 31 younger young JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 32 populations population NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 33 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 34 Successive successive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 35 pandemic pandemic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 36 waves wave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 37 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 38 Higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 39 transmissibility transmissibility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 40 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 41 seasonal seasonal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 42 Influenza Influenza NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 43 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 44 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 45 Demographic demographic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 46 differences difference NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 47 etc etc FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 156 48 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 157 1 Presently presently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 157 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 157 3 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 157 4 appears appear VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 157 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 157 6 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 157 7 better well RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 157 8 prepared prepare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 157 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 158 1 Vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 158 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 158 3 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 158 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 158 5 market market NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 158 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 158 7 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 158 8 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 158 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 159 1 Even even RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 159 2 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 159 3 trials trial NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 159 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 159 5 actively actively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 159 6 going go VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 159 7 on on RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 159 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 159 9 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 159 10 population population NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 159 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 160 1 Effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 160 2 antivirals antiviral NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 160 3 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 160 4 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 160 5 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 1 Although although IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 2 till till IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 3 now now RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 4 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 5 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 6 centers center NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 7 worked work VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 9 CDC CDC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 10 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 11 WHO who WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 12 recommended recommend VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 13 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 14 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 15 primer primer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 17 probes probe NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 18 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 19 Taqman Taqman NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 20 chemistry chemistry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 21 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 22 Real Real NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 23 Time Time NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 24 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 26 efforts effort NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 27 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 29 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 31 indigenous indigenous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 32 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 33 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 34 Vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 35 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 36 chemoprophylaxis chemoprophylaxis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 37 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 38 going go VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 39 on on RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 40 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 41 have have VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 42 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 43 better well JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 44 combat combat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 45 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 46 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 47 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 48 infectious infectious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 49 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 161 50 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 162 1 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 162 2 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 162 3 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 162 4 rotavirus rotavirus JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 162 5 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 162 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 162 7 either either CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 162 8 PAGE PAGE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 162 9 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 162 10 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 162 11 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 162 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 2 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 3 data data NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 4 highlights highlight VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 6 importance importance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 8 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 11 cause cause NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 13 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 15 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 17 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 18 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 19 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 20 enough enough RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 21 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 22 deserve deserve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 23 specialized specialized JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 24 care care NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 163 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 2 observed observed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 3 proportion proportion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 5 25.5 25.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 6 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 8 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 9 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 10 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 11 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 12 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 14 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 15 falls fall VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 16 within within IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 18 range range NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 20 values value NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 21 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 22 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 23 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 24 workers worker NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 164 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 165 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 165 2 reported reported JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 165 3 positivity positivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 165 4 varies vary VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 165 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 165 6 10.5 10.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 165 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 165 8 70.7 70.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 165 9 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 165 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 2 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 5 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 6 concordance concordance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 8 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 10 PAGE page NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 11 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 13 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 15 194 194 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 17 97 97 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 18 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 22 200 200 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 23 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 24 specimens specimen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 166 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 2 finding finding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 3 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 4 correlates correlate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 7 findings finding NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 9 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 10 authors author NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 11 who who WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 12 found find VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 13 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 14 96.7 96.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 16 97.14 97.14 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 17 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 18 concordance concordance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 19 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 20 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 21 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 23 PAGE page NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 24 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 167 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 1 Some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 2 authors author NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 3 found find VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 5 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 6 PAGE page NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 7 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 8 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 10 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 11 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 13 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 14 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 15 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 16 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 17 detecting detect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 18 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 19 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 20 stool stool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 21 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 23 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 25 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 27 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 168 28 others other NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 1 proposed propose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 2 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 4 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 5 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 6 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 7 PAGE page NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 8 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 9 fond fond JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 11 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 12 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 13 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 14 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 169 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 170 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 170 2 remaining remain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 170 3 6 6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 170 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 170 5 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 170 6 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 170 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 170 8 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 170 9 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 170 10 conflicting conflict VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 170 11 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 170 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 2 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 3 lone lone JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 4 sample sample NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 6 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 8 OD OD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 9 value value NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 11 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 12 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 14 0.195 0.195 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 16 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 17 value value NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 18 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 19 almost almost RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 20 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 22 cutoff cutoff NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 23 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 26 possibility possibility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 28 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 29 sample sample NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 30 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 31 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 32 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 33 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 34 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 35 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 36 doubtful doubtful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 171 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 1 Negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 2 result result NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 5 same same JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 6 sample sample NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 8 PAGE page NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 9 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 10 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 11 difficult difficult JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 12 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 13 explain explain VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 16 possibility possibility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 18 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 20 lot lot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 22 empty empty JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 23 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 24 particles particle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 25 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 26 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 27 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 28 low low JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 29 concentration concentration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 31 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 32 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 33 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 34 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 35 fecal fecal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 36 specimen specimen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 37 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 38 insufficient insufficient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 39 extraction extraction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 40 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 41 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 42 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 43 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 44 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 45 possible possible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 172 46 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 1 On on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 3 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 4 hand hand NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 6 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 9 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 10 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 11 gave give VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 12 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 13 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 14 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 15 PAGE page NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 16 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 18 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 19 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 20 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 21 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 173 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 2 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 3 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 4 had have VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 6 typical typical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 7 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 8 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 9 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 11 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 12 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 13 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 15 pattern pattern NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 174 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 2 reason reason NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 3 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 4 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 5 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 6 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 7 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 8 thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 9 remains remain VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 10 unexplained unexplained JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 12 however however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 13 blocking block VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 14 factors factor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 15 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 17 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 19 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 20 substance substance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 22 stools stool NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 23 might may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 24 have have VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 25 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 26 responsible responsible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 175 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 176 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 176 2 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 176 3 containing contain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 176 4 predominantly predominantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 176 5 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 176 6 particles particle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 176 7 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 176 8 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 176 9 give give VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 176 10 false false JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 176 11 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 176 12 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 176 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 177 1 Since since IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 177 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 177 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 177 4 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 177 5 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 177 6 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 177 7 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 177 8 exposed expose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 177 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 1 Earlier early JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 2 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 3 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 4 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 5 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 6 PAGE page NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 8 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 10 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 11 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 12 technique technique NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 13 although although IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 14 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 15 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 17 view view NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 18 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 20 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 21 laborious laborious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 22 procedure procedure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 178 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 1 How how WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 2 ever ever RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 5 PAGE page NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 6 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 7 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 9 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 10 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 12 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 13 simple simple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 15 perform perform VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 18 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 19 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 20 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 21 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 23 same same JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 24 day day NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 179 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 2 main main JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 3 requirement requirement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 6 trained train VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 7 personnel personnel NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 9 proper proper JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 10 standardization standardization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 13 technique technique NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 180 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 1 Most Most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 2 reports report VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 3 states state VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 6 greatest great JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 7 advantage advantage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 9 PAGE page NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 11 silver silver NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 12 stain stain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 13 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 14 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 15 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 16 lack lack NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 18 ambiguity ambiguity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 21 fact fact NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 22 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 23 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 24 provides provide VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 25 information information NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 26 about about IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 27 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 28 electropherotypes electropherotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 181 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 2 modified modify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 3 PAGE page NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 4 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 6 thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 7 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 8 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 9 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 10 reliable reliable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 12 simple simple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 14 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 16 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 17 expensive expensive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 18 reagents reagent NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 19 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 20 required require VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 182 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 183 1 Locally locally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 183 2 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 183 3 reagents reagent NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 183 4 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 183 5 HI HI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 183 6 media medium NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 183 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 183 8 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 183 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 184 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 184 2 cost cost NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 184 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 184 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 184 5 chemical chemical NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 184 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 184 7 PAGE page NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 184 8 per per IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 184 9 specimen specimen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 184 10 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 184 11 Rs r NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 184 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 185 1 24 24 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 185 2 approximately approximately RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 185 3 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 185 4 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 185 5 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 185 6 Rs r NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 185 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 186 1 110 110 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 186 2 per per IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 186 3 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 186 4 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 186 5 confirmatory confirmatory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 186 6 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 186 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 2 locally locally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 3 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 4 slab slab NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 5 gel gel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 6 electrophoresis electrophoresis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 7 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 9 power power NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 10 pack pack NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 13 only only JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 14 equipment equipment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 15 required require VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 187 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 2 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 3 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 4 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 5 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 8 routine routine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 9 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 11 rotavirus rotavirus JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 12 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 15 laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 188 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 1 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 3 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 4 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 5 plays play VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 6 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 7 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 8 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 10 early early JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 11 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 13 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 189 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 5 QC QC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 6 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 7 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 8 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 9 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 10 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 12 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 13 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 14 quantify quantify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 15 Chikungunya Chikungunya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 16 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 18 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 19 targeting target VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 21 conserved conserve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 22 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 24 E1 E1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 25 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 190 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 2 competitor competitor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 3 molecule molecule NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 4 containing contain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 5 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 6 internal internal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 7 insertion insertion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 9 generated generate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 11 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 12 provided provide VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 13 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 14 stringent stringent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 15 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 18 quantification quantification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 19 process process NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 191 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 2 introduction introduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 4 10-fold 10-fold CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 5 serially serially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 6 diluted dilute VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 7 competitor competitor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 9 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 10 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 12 further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 13 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 15 determine determine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 16 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 192 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 2 applicability applicability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 4 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 5 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 7 quantification quantification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 9 Chikungunya Chikungunya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 13 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 14 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 15 human human JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 16 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 17 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 20 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 21 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 22 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 23 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 24 Real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 25 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 26 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 27 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 28 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 29 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 30 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 193 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 2 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 4 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 5 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 7 estimated estimate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 8 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 9 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 10 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 12 copies copy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 13 per per IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 14 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 16 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 17 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 18 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 19 range range NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 21 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 22 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 23 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 24 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 25 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 26 copies copy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 194 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 195 1 Specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 195 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 195 3 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 195 4 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 195 5 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 195 6 related related JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 195 7 alpha alpha NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 195 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 195 9 flaviviruses flavivirus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 195 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 2 comparison comparison NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 4 QC QC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 5 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 6 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 8 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 9 result result NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 11 real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 13 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 14 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 16 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 17 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 18 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 19 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 20 concordance concordance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 196 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 2 findings finding NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 3 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 6 reported reported JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 7 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 8 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 9 convenient convenient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 11 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 13 accurate accurate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 14 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 16 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 18 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 19 usefulness usefulness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 20 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 21 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 22 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 23 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 24 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 25 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 26 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 28 quantification quantification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 30 Chikungunya Chikungunya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 31 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 32 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 33 acute acute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 34 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 35 phase phase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 36 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 37 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 197 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 2 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 4 measles measles NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 5 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 7 introduced introduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 8 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 9 part part NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 11 expanded expand VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 12 programme programme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 14 immunization immunization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 16 1985 1985 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 198 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 1 Measles measles NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 3 mumps mumps NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 5 rubella rubella NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 7 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 9 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 10 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 11 still still RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 12 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 13 part part NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 16 national national JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 17 immunization immunization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 18 schedule schedule NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 20 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 199 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 2 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 3 association association NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 5 paediatrics paediatrics NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 7 IAP IAP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 9 recommends recommend VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 10 measles measles JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 11 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 12 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 13 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 14 months month NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 16 age age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 18 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 19 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 20 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 21 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 22 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 23 18 18 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 24 months month NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 200 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 5 recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 6 policy policy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 7 update update NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 9 IAP IAP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 10 committee committee NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 11 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 12 immunisation immunisation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 13 opined opine VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 14 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 15 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 16 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 17 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 18 need need NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 19 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 20 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 21 second second JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 22 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 24 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 25 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 26 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 27 providing provide VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 28 adequate adequate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 29 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 30 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 31 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 201 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 2 aim aim NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 5 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 6 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 8 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 9 assess assess VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 11 extent extent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 13 sero sero NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 14 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 15 protection protection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 16 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 17 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 18 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 19 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 20 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 21 6 6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 22 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 24 age age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 26 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 27 who who WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 28 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 29 received receive VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 30 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 31 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 33 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 34 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 35 12 12 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 36 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 37 24 24 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 38 months month NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 39 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 40 age age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 202 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 1 An an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 2 attempt attempt NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 3 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 4 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 5 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 6 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 8 assess assess VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 10 sero sero NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 12 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 13 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 15 second second JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 16 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 18 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 19 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 21 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 22 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 23 6 6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 24 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 25 old old JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 26 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 203 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 2 total total NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 4 106 106 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 5 consecutive consecutive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 6 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 7 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 9 ages age NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 11 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 12 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 13 6 6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 14 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 15 who who WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 16 had have VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 17 received receive VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 18 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 19 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 20 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 21 12 12 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 23 24 24 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 24 months month NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 26 age age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 28 attending attend VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 30 immunization immunization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 31 clinic clinic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 33 GTB GTB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 34 hospital hospital NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 35 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 36 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 37 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 38 enrolled enrol VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 204 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 205 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 205 2 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 205 3 status status NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 205 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 205 5 anthropometry anthropometry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 205 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 205 7 physical physical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 205 8 examination examination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 205 9 findings finding NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 205 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 205 11 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 205 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 1 Three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 2 ml ml NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 4 venous venous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 5 sample sample NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 7 again again RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 8 withdrawn withdraw VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 10 estimation estimation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 12 post post JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 13 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 14 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 15 titre titre NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 206 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 3 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 5 20.39 20.39 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 6 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 8 87.38 87.38 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 9 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 11 75.73 75.73 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 12 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 13 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 15 seroprotected seroprotecte VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 16 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 17 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 18 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 19 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 20 2.5 2.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 21 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 22 4.5 4.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 23 year year NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 25 receiving receive VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 26 first first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 27 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 29 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 30 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 207 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 1 Seroprotection Seroprotection NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 2 rose rise VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 3 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 4 72.62 72.62 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 5 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 7 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 8 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 10 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 11 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 12 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 13 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 14 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 15 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 16 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 17 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 18 6 6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 19 weeks week NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 21 receiving receive VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 22 second second JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 23 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 25 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 26 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 208 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 209 1 Geometric geometric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 209 2 mean mean JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 209 3 concentration concentration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 209 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 209 5 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 209 6 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 209 7 rose rise VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 209 8 significantly significantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 209 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 209 10 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 209 11 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 209 12 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 209 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 2 view view NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 4 low low JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 5 seroprevalence seroprevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 7 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 9 hence hence RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 10 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 11 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 12 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 13 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 14 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 15 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 16 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 17 6 6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 18 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 20 age age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 22 who who WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 23 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 24 already already RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 25 received receive VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 26 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 27 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 29 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 30 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 31 need need NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 32 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 33 boost boost VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 34 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 35 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 36 responses response NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 37 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 38 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 39 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 40 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 41 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 42 giving give VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 43 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 44 second second JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 45 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 46 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 47 MMR MMR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 48 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 210 49 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 1 Baseline baseline JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 2 information information NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 3 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 5 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 7 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 8 agents agent NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 9 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 10 STIs sti NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 12 types type NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 14 risk risk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 15 behaviour behaviour NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 17 affected affected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 18 persons person NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 19 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 20 essential essential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 21 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 22 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 23 meaningful meaningful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 24 targeted target VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 25 intervention intervention NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 211 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 4 documents document VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 6 pattern pattern NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 8 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 9 STIs sti NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 11 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 12 attending attend VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 13 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 14 tertiary tertiary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 15 care care NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 16 hospital hospital NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 18 correlating correlate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 20 syndromic syndromic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 21 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 24 laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 25 investigations investigation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 26 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 27 determine determine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 29 aetiology aetiology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 212 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 1 Three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 2 hundred hundred CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 3 consecutive consecutive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 4 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 5 attending attend VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 7 STI STI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 8 clinic clinic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 10 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 12 categorized categorize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 13 according accord VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 14 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 16 syndromic syndromic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 17 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 20 WHO WHO NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 21 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 22 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 23 detailed detailed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 24 history history NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 26 demographic demographic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 27 data datum NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 213 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 1 Majority majority NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 4 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 6 men man NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 8 53.12 53.12 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 9 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 11 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 12 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 13 mean mean JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 14 age age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 16 24 24 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 17 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 214 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 215 1 Men man NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 215 2 received receive VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 215 3 education education NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 215 4 up up IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 215 5 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 215 6 middle middle JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 215 7 school school NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 215 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 216 1 Half half NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 216 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 216 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 216 4 female female JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 216 5 subjects subject NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 216 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 216 7 illiterate illiterate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 216 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 1 Sixty sixty CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 2 percent percent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 5 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 7 married married JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 9 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 10 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 12 19 19 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 13 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 15 regular regular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 16 condom condom NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 17 users user NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 217 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 1 First first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 2 sexual sexual JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 3 contact contact NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 4 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 5 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 6 before before IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 7 18 18 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 8 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 10 age age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 12 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 14 men man NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 16 31 31 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 17 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 18 vs. vs. IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 19 22 22 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 20 .22 .22 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 21 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 22 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 23 women woman NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 218 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 219 1 Promiscuity promiscuity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 219 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 219 3 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 219 4 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 219 5 male male JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 219 6 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 219 7 who who WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 219 8 had have VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 219 9 contact contact NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 219 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 219 11 CSW CSW NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 219 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 1 Genital Genital NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 2 Herpes Herpes NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 5 commonest common JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 6 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 7 STI STI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 9 86/300 86/300 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 11 followed follow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 12 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 13 genital genital JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 14 wart wart NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 16 60/300 60/300 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 220 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 1 Concomitant concomitant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 2 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 3 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 4 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 5 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 6 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 9 seen see VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 11 35 35 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 12 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 14 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 221 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 222 1 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 222 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 222 3 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 222 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 222 5 10.3 10.3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 222 6 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 222 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 222 8 STI STI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 222 9 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 222 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 1 Hepatitis Hepatitis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 2 B B NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 4 Hepatitis Hepatitis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 5 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 7 Herpes Herpes NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 8 simplex simplex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 9 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 10 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 12 Molluscum Molluscum NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 13 contagiosum contagiosum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 16 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 17 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 18 agents agent NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 19 seen see VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 21 STI STI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 22 clinic clinic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 23 attendees attendee NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 24 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 25 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 26 centre centre NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 223 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 3 currently currently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 4 Prevalent prevalent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 6 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 7 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 8 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 9 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 10 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 11 wide wide RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 13 annually annually RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 14 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 15 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 16 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 17 million million CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 18 people people NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 19 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 20 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 21 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 22 Dengue Dengue NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 23 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 24 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 25 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 26 2.5 2.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 27 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 28 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 29 lakhs lakh NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 30 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 31 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 32 Dengue Dengue NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 33 Hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 34 Fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 36 DHF DHF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 38 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 39 Dengue Dengue NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 40 Shock Shock NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 41 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 43 DSS DSS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 45 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 46 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 47 serious serious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 48 forms form NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 49 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 50 Dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 51 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 52 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 53 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 54 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 55 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 56 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 57 condition condition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 58 25,000 25,000 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 59 deaths death NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 60 might may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 61 occur occur VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 62 annually annually RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 63 World World NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 64 Wide wide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 65 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 66 approximately approximately RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 67 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 68 million million CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 69 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 70 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 71 hospitalized hospitalize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 72 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 73 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 74 fast fast JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 75 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 76 decades decade NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 224 77 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 4 characterized characterize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 6 sudden sudden JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 7 onset onset NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 9 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 10 fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 11 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 12 sever sever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 13 headache headache NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 15 pain pain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 18 back back NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 20 limbs limb NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 22 lymphadenopathy lymphadenopathy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 23 macuolo macuolo NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 25 papulur papulur NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 26 rash rash NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 27 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 29 skin skin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 31 retro retro JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 32 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 33 bulbar bulbar NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 34 pain pain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 225 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 1 Early early JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 2 Diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 3 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 4 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 5 established establish VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 7 simple simple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 9 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 10 lgG/1gM lgG/1gM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 11 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 12 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 15 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 16 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 19 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 20 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 21 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 23 Bi bi JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 25 directional directional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 26 immunoassay immunoassay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 27 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 28 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 29 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 30 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 32 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 33 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 34 reduce reduce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 35 morbidity morbidity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 36 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 37 mortality mortality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 226 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 227 1 Details detail NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 227 2 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 227 3 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 227 4 presented present VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 227 5 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 1 Myocarditis myocarditis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 3 dilated dilated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 4 cardiomyopathy cardiomyopathy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 6 DCM DCM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 8 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 9 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 10 causes cause NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 12 morbidity morbidity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 14 mortality mortality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 15 both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 17 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 19 adults adult NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 228 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 229 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 229 2 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 229 3 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 229 4 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 229 5 involved involve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 229 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 229 7 myocarditis myocarditis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 229 8 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 229 9 coxsackievirus coxsackievirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 229 10 B b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 229 11 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 229 12 adenovirus adenovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 229 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 1 Recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 4 coxsackievirus coxsackievirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 6 adenovirus adenovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 7 receptor receptor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 9 CAR car NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 12 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 13 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 14 receptor receptor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 16 coxsackieviruses coxsackievirus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 17 B3 B3 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 19 B4 B4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 21 adenoviruses adenovirus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 22 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 24 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 25 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 26 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 27 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 230 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 1 Increased increase VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 2 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 4 CAR car NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 5 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 6 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 7 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 9 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 11 DCM DCM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 12 suggesting suggest VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 13 utilization utilization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 15 CAR car NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 16 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 17 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 18 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 19 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 20 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 21 entry entry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 231 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 5 designed design VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 7 study study VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 9 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 11 CAR car NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 13 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 14 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 16 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 18 DCM DCM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 232 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 233 1 Formalin Formalin NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 233 2 fixed fix VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 234 1 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 234 2 tissues tissue NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 234 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 234 4 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 234 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 234 6 autopsy autopsy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 234 7 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 234 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 2 total total NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 4 26 26 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 5 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 7 DCM DCM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 9 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 10 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 12 controls control NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 13 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 14 included include VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 15 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 16 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 17 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 19 Group Group NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 20 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 21 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 24 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 25 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 26 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 27 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 28 DCM DCM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 30 Group Group NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 31 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 32 B B NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 34 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 35 included include VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 36 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 37 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 38 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 235 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 1 Expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 3 CAR car NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 5 studied study VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 7 immunohistochemical immunohistochemical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 8 staining staining NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 10 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 11 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 12 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 13 CAR car NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 14 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 15 rabbit rabbit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 16 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 17 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 19 biotin biotin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 20 conjugated conjugate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 21 secondary secondary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 22 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 236 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 2 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 3 sections section NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 5 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 6 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 7 when[25 when[25 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 8 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 11 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 12 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 13 brown brown JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 14 color color NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 15 staining staining NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 16 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 17 immunohistochemistry immunohistochemistry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 19 IHC IHC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 237 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 2 CAR car NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 3 positivity positivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 5 DCM DCM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 6 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 8 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 11 96 96 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 12 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 14 25/ 25/ CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 15 26 26 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 17 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 18 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 19 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 20 30 30 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 21 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 22 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 23 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 24 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 25 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 27 40 40 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 28 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 29 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 30 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 31 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 32 B B NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 33 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 238 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 2 CAR car NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 3 positivity positivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 5 significantly significantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 6 higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 9 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 10 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 11 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 12 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 13 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 14 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 16 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 17 groups group NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 239 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 1 Further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 2 CAR car NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 3 positivity positivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 5 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 7 cellular cellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 8 types type NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 10 myocytes myocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 12 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 13 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 15 interstitial interstitial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 16 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 18 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 19 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 20 significantly significantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 21 higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 22 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 23 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 24 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 25 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 26 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 27 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 28 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 30 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 31 groups group NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 240 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 2 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 4 CAR car NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 6 significantly significantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 7 higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 9 myocytes myocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 10 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 11 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 12 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 13 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 14 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 16 interstitial interstitial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 17 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 19 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 21 groups group NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 241 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 3 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 4 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 5 difference difference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 7 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 9 CAR car NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 10 positivity positivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 11 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 12 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 14 interstitial interstitial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 15 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 242 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 4 highlights highlight VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 6 increased increase VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 7 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 9 CAR car NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 11 DCM DCM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 12 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 14 further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 15 significance significance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 17 CAR car NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 18 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 20 myocytes myocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 22 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 23 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 243 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 2 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 3 help help VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 4 further far RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 6 understanding understand VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 8 tropism tropism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 10 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 11 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 12 cellular cellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 13 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 15 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 17 turn turn NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 18 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 19 help help VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 21 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 22 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 24 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 25 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 27 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 29 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 30 myocarditis myocarditis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 32 DCM DCM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 33 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 244 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 1 Food Food NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 2 Security Security NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 4 Safety Safety NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 5 vary vary VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 6 widely widely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 7 around around IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 9 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 12 reaching reach VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 13 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 14 goals goal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 15 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 16 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 19 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 20 challenges challenge NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 22 raising raise VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 23 public public JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 24 concern concern NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 25 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 27 wellbeing wellbeing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 29 mankind mankind NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 31 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 32 particular particular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 245 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 1 Industrialized industrialize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 2 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 4 processing processing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 5 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 6 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 8 improper improper JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 9 environmental environmental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 10 protection protection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 11 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 12 clearly clearly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 13 shown show VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 14 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 15 limitations limitation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 16 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 17 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 18 worldwide worldwide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 19 contamination contamination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 22 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 23 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 25 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 246 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 1 Contaminated contaminated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 2 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 4 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 5 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 7 processes process NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 9 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 11 processing processing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 13 handling handling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 14 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 15 essentially essentially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 16 responsible responsible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 17 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 18 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 247 20 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 248 1 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 248 2 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 248 3 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 248 4 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 248 5 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 248 6 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 2 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 4 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 5 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 6 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 7 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 8 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 9 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 11 rise rise NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 13 creating create VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 15 threat threat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 16 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 17 human human JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 18 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 249 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 1 Recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 2 researches research NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 3 indicate indicate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 5 epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 6 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 7 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 8 meager meager JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 10 focus focus VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 12 frequently frequently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 13 contaminated contaminate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 14 foods food NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 16 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 17 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 18 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 19 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 250 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 1 Current current JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 2 paper paper NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 3 projects project VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 5 etiology etiology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 7 select select JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 8 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 9 borne bear VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 10 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 11 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 13 probable probable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 14 reasons reason NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 16 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 17 availability availability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 19 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 20 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 21 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 22 detect detect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 24 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 25 responsible responsible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 26 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 28 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 30 routes route NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 32 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 33 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 34 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 35 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 36 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 37 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 38 enteric enteric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 39 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 40 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 41 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 42 currently currently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 43 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 44 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 45 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 46 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 47 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 48 select select JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 49 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 50 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 51 bio bio NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 52 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 53 measures measure NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 54 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 55 prevent prevent VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 56 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 57 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 58 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 59 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 251 60 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 1 Dietary dietary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 2 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 3 Nutritional Nutritional NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 4 Management Management NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 6 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 7 borne bear VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 8 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 9 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 10 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 11 crucial crucial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 12 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 13 control control VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 14 weakness weakness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 16 gastro gastro JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 17 enteric enteric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 18 intolerance intolerance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 19 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 20 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 21 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 22 condition condition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 24 antibiotic antibiotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 25 therapy therapy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 252 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 2 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 3 principally principally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 4 improve improve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 5 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 6 intake intake NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 8 resulting result VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 10 better well JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 11 nutritional nutritional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 12 status status NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 13 leading lead VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 14 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 15 optimum optimum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 16 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 17 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 253 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 1 Food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 2 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 3 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 5 mainly mainly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 6 belong belong VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 8 rotaviruses rotaviruses NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 10 enteropathogenic enteropathogenic NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 11 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 13 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 15 adenoviruses adenovirus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 17 caliciviruses caliciviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 19 causes cause VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 20 acute acute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 21 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 23 AG AG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 25 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 26 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 27 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 28 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 29 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 30 problem problem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 254 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 2 frequency frequency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 4 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 5 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 6 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 7 cause cause NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 9 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 10 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 12 AG AG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 13 ranges range VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 14 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 15 17.3 17.3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 16 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 18 37.4 37.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 19 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 255 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 1 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 2 cause cause VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 3 AG AG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 6 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 7 frequency frequency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 8 ranging range VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 9 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 10 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 12 26 26 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 13 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 14 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 15 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 16 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 17 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 18 described describe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 20 schools school NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 22 kindergartens kindergarten NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 24 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 25 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 27 adults adult NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 30 elderly elderly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 256 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 2 frequency frequency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 4 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 6 adenoviruses adenovirus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 7 40 40 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 9 41 41 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 10 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 11 causes cause NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 13 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 14 AG AG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 16 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 17 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 18 immuno immuno JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 19 suppressed suppress VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 20 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 21 ranges range VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 22 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 23 0.7 0.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 24 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 26 31.5 31.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 27 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 29 although although IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 30 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 31 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 32 probably probably RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 33 underreporting underreporte VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 34 because because IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 35 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 36 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 37 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 38 conventional conventional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 39 techniques technique NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 40 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 41 low low JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 257 42 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 258 1 Caliciviruses caliciviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 258 2 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 258 3 separated separate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 258 4 phylogenetically phylogenetically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 258 5 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 258 6 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 258 7 genera genus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 258 8 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 258 9 Norovirus norovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 258 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 258 11 Sapovirus Sapovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 258 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 1 Norovirus norovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 3 frequently frequently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 4 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 6 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 9 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 11 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 12 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 14 AG AG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 259 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 3 estimated estimate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 5 40 40 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 6 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 8 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 10 AG AG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 11 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 12 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 13 norovirus norovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 14 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 15 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 16 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 260 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 2 Sweden Sweden NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 4 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 5 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 8 United United NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 9 States States NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 11 norovirus norovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 12 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 14 first first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 15 cause cause NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 17 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 19 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 20 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 21 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 261 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 1 Sapovirus Sapovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 2 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 3 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 4 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 5 person person NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 6 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 8 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 9 person person NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 11 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 12 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 13 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 14 affecting affect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 15 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 16 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 18 adults adult NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 19 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 20 recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 21 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 22 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 24 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 25 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 26 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 27 Canada Canada NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 29 Japan Japan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 262 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 2 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 3 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 4 predicted predict VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 5 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 7 importance importance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 9 diarrhoeal diarrhoeal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 10 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 12 mainly mainly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 13 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 14 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 15 contaminated contaminate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 16 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 18 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 20 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 21 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 22 cause cause NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 24 death death NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 25 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 26 decline decline VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 27 worldwide worldwide RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 263 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 264 1 Evidence evidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 264 2 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 264 3 such such PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 264 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 264 5 downward downward JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 264 6 trend trend NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 264 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 264 8 limited limit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 264 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 2 prediction prediction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 3 presumes presume VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 5 improvements improvement NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 8 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 10 retail retail NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 12 microbiologically microbiologically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 13 safe safe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 14 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 15 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 16 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 17 sustained sustain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 20 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 21 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 24 moreover moreover RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 26 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 27 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 28 rolled roll VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 29 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 30 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 31 those those DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 32 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 33 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 34 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 35 developing develop VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 36 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 37 increasingly increasingly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 38 producing produce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 39 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 40 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 41 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 42 global global JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 43 market market NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 265 44 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 1 Sustaining sustain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 2 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 3 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 4 standards standard NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 5 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 6 depend depend VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 7 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 8 constant constant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 9 vigilance vigilance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 10 maintained maintain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 12 monitoring monitoring NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 14 surveillance surveillance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 15 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 19 rising rise VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 20 importance importance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 22 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 23 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 25 related relate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 26 issues issue NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 27 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 28 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 29 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 30 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 31 security security NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 33 obesity obesity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 34 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 35 climate climate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 36 change change NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 37 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 38 competition competition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 39 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 40 resources resource NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 41 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 42 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 43 future future NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 44 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 45 enable enable VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 46 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 47 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 48 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 49 fierce fierce JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 266 50 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 267 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 267 2 addition addition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 267 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 267 4 pathogen pathogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 267 5 populations population NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 267 6 relevant relevant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 267 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 267 8 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 267 9 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 267 10 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 267 11 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 267 12 static static JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 267 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 1 Food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 3 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 4 excellent excellent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 5 vehicle vehicle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 7 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 8 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 9 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 11 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 13 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 14 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 15 prions prion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 17 parasites parasite NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 19 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 20 reach reach VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 21 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 22 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 23 colonization colonization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 24 site site NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 26 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 27 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 28 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 268 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 1 Although although IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 2 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 3 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 4 practices practice NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 5 change change VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 8 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 10 recognized recognize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 11 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 13 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 14 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 16 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 17 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 18 Salmonella Salmonella NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 19 spp spp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 269 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 1 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 2 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 3 coli coli NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 5 seem seem VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 6 able able JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 8 evolve evolve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 10 exploit exploit VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 11 novel novel JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 12 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 14 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 15 example example NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 16 fresh fresh JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 17 produce produce NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 19 even even RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 20 generate generate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 21 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 22 public public JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 23 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 24 challenges challenge NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 26 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 27 example example NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 28 antimicrobial antimicrobial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 29 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 270 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 2 addition addition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 4 previously previously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 5 unknown unknown JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 6 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 8 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 9 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 11 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 13 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 14 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 15 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 17 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 18 constantly constantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 19 emerging emerge VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 271 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 1 Awareness awareness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 3 surveillance surveillance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 5 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 6 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 8 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 9 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 10 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 11 generally generally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 12 poor poor JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 13 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 14 emphasis emphasis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 15 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 16 placed place VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 17 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 18 Norovirus Norovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 20 Hepatitis Hepatitis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 21 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 23 rotaviruses rotavirus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 25 newly newly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 26 emerging emerge VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 27 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 28 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 29 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 30 SARS SARS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 272 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 3 clear clear JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 5 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 6 overall overall JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 7 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 8 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 10 generation generation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 12 maintenance maintenance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 14 constructive constructive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 15 dialogue dialogue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 17 collaboration collaboration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 18 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 19 public public JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 20 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 22 veterinary veterinary NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 24 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 25 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 26 experts expert NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 27 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 28 bringing bring VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 29 together together RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 30 multidisciplinary multidisciplinary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 31 skills skill NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 33 multi multi JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 34 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 35 pathogen pathogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 36 expertise expertise NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 273 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 1 Such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 2 collaboration collaboration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 4 essential essential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 6 monitor monitor VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 7 changing change VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 8 trends trend NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 11 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 13 recognized recognize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 14 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 16 detect detect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 17 emerging emerge VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 18 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 274 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 3 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 4 necessary necessary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 6 understand understand VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 8 multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 9 interactions interaction NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 10 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 11 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 12 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 14 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 15 environments environment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 16 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 17 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 18 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 20 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 21 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 22 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 23 order order NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 24 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 25 develop develop VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 26 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 27 prevention prevention NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 29 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 30 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 275 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 2 analyse analyse VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 4 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 6 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 7 siRNAs siRNAs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 8 targeting target VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 9 rabies rabies NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 11 L L NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 12 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 15 BHK-21 BHK-21 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 16 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 17 expressing express VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 18 siRNAs siRNAs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 20 shRNA shrna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 21 form form NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 22 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 23 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 24 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 25 transduction transduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 27 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 28 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 29 rAdV rAdV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 30 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 276 31 L. l. NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 2 transduced transduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 3 BHK-21 BHK-21 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 4 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 5 expressing express VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 6 siRNA siRNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 8 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 10 rabies rabie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 12 PV-11 PV-11 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 13 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 277 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 1 There there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 3 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 5 rabies rabies NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 6 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 7 multiplication multiplication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 8 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 9 analysed analyse VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 11 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 13 fluorescent fluorescent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 14 foci foci NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 15 forming form VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 16 unit unit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 18 ffu ffu NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 20 count count NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 21 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 22 51.85 51.85 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 23 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 25 70 70 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 26 ffu ffu NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 27 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 28 BHK-21 BHK-21 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 29 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 30 expressing express VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 31 siRNA siRNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 32 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 33 L L NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 34 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 35 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 36 135 135 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 37 ffu ffu NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 38 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 39 BHK-21 BHK-21 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 40 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 41 expressing express VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 42 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 43 siRNA siRNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 278 45 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 2 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 4 L L NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 5 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 6 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 8 reduced reduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 10 16.11fold 16.11fold CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 12 rabies rabies NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 13 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 14 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 15 rAdV rAdV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 16 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 17 L l NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 18 transduced transduce VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 19 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 20 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 21 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 22 rAdV radv NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 23 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 24 Neg neg NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 25 transduced transduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 26 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 28 Negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 29 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 31 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 32 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 33 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 34 real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 35 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 36 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 37 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 279 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 1 After after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 2 analyzing analyze VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 4 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 6 rAdV radv NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 8 L l NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 10 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 12 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 13 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 14 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 15 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 16 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 18 vivo vivo NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 20 mice mouse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 21 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 22 virulent virulent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 23 rabies rabies NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 24 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 280 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 2 mice mouse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 4 inoculated inoculate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 6 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 7 7 7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 8 plaque plaque NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 9 forming form VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 10 units unit NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 12 PFU pfu NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 15 rAdV rAdV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 16 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 17 L l NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 19 masseter masseter NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 20 muscle muscle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 22 i i NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 23 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 24 m m NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 25 route route NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 28 challenged challenge VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 29 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 30 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 31 LD LD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 32 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 33 rabies rabie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 34 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 35 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 36 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 37 standard standard NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 39 CVS CVS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 41 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 281 42 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 2 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 3 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 4 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 5 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 6 protection protection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 8 improved improved JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 9 median median JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 10 survival survival NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 11 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 12 7 7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 13 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 14 11 11 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 15 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 16 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 18 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 20 mice mouse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 21 treated treat VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 22 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 23 rAdV radv NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 25 Neg neg NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 282 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 2 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 4 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 5 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 6 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 8 siRNAs siRNAs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 9 targeting target VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 10 rabies rabies NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 12 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 14 L L NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 16 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 17 delivered deliver VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 18 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 19 adenoviral adenoviral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 20 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 21 inhibited inhibit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 22 rabies rabies NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 23 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 24 multiplication multiplication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 26 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 28 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 29 vivo vivo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 283 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 1 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 2 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 4 successfully successfully RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 5 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 7 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 8 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 10 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 11 Spodoptera Spodoptera NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 12 frugiperda frugiperda NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 14 Sf-9 Sf-9 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 16 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 17 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 18 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 19 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 20 baculovirus baculovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 284 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 2 morphology morphology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 5 VLPs vlp NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 7 validated validate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 9 electron electron NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 10 microscopy microscopy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 12 comparison comparison NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 13 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 15 authentic authentic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 16 BT BT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 17 virions virion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 285 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 2 VLPs vlp NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 3 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 4 here here RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 6 stable stable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 8 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 9 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 10 immunogenic immunogenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 11 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 12 intact intact JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 13 outer outer JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 14 layer layer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 15 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 16 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 17 rapidly rapidly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 18 lost lose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 19 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 20 normal normal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 21 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 23 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 286 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 2 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 4 VLPs vlp NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 5 elicited elicit VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 6 long long RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 7 lasting last VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 8 protective protective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 9 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 11 vaccinated vaccinated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 12 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 13 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 14 virulent virulent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 15 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 16 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 287 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 1 With with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 3 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 5 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 6 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 7 VLPs VLPs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 10 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 11 possible possible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 12 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 13 differentiate differentiate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 15 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 17 vaccinated vaccinate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 18 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 20 DIVA diva NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 288 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 1 VLP VLP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 3 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 4 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 5 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 6 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 7 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 8 advantages advantage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 10 regard regard NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 12 controlling control VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 14 spread spread NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 16 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 18 multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 19 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 289 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 3 possible possible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 5 produce produce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 6 milligram milligram NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 7 quantities quantity NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 9 correctly correctly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 10 folded fold VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 12 processed process VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 13 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 14 complexes complex NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 15 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 16 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 17 Baculovirus Baculovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 18 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 19 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 21 hence hence RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 22 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 23 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 24 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 25 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 26 promising promising JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 27 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 28 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 29 producing produce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 30 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 31 generation generation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 32 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 33 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 34 VLP VLP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 35 subunit subunit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 36 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 37 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 38 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 39 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 40 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 41 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 42 large large JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 43 scale scale NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 290 44 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 1 Peste Peste NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 2 des des FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 3 petits petit NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 4 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 6 PPR PPR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 9 goatpox goatpox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 11 ORF ORF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 12 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 13 OIE OIE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 14 notifiable notifiable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 15 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 17 small small JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 18 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 19 especially especially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 20 goat goat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 22 sheep sheep NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 291 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 2 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 3 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 4 economically economically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 5 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 8 enzootic enzootic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 9 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 10 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 11 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 13 cause cause VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 14 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 15 loss loss NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 17 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 18 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 19 constraints constraint NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 22 productivity productivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 292 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 1 Considering consider VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 3 geographical geographical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 4 distribution distribution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 6 PPR ppr NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 8 goat goat NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 9 pox pox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 11 ORF ORF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 12 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 14 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 16 mixed mixed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 17 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 21 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 22 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 24 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 26 potency potency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 29 experimental experimental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 30 triple triple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 31 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 32 comprising comprise VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 33 attenuated attenuated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 34 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 35 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 36 thermostable thermostable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 37 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 38 PPR ppr NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 39 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 41 PPRV PPRV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 42 Jhansi Jhansi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 43 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 44 P-50 P-50 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 293 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 1 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 2 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 3 40 40 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 4 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 5 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 7 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 8 passaged passage VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 9 goat goat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 10 poxvirus poxvirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 12 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 13 Uttarkashi Uttarkashi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 15 P100 P100 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 18 attenuated attenuate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 19 ORF ORF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 20 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 294 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 1 ORFV ORFV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 2 Mukteswar Mukteswar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 4 P51 P51 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 7 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 9 sub sub JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 10 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 11 Himalayan himalayan JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 12 local local JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 13 hill hill NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 14 goats goat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 295 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 1 Goats goat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 2 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 3 immunized immunize VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 5 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 6 ml ml NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 8 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 9 consisting consist VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 11 either either DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 12 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 13 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 14 TCID TCID NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 15 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 16 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 17 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 18 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 19 TCID TCID NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 20 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 22 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 24 PPRV PPRV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 26 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 28 ORFV ORFV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 29 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 30 monitored monitor VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 31 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 32 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 33 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 34 serological serological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 35 responses response NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 36 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 37 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 38 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 39 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 40 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 41 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 42 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 43 weeks week NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 44 post post NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 45 - - NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 46 immunization immunization JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 48 pi pi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 50 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 51 post post NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 52 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 53 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 54 pc pc NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 296 56 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 1 Specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 2 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 3 responses response NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 4 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 6 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 7 directed direct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 9 PPRV PPRV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 11 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 13 ORFV ORFV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 14 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 15 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 16 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 17 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 18 PPR PPR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 19 competitive competitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 20 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 21 kit kit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 23 capripox capripox VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 24 indirect indirect JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 25 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 27 SNT SNT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 29 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 30 following follow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 31 immunization immunization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 297 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 1 All all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 3 immunized immunize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 4 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 5 resisted resist VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 6 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 7 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 8 challenged challenge VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 10 virulent virulent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 11 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 13 either either CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 14 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 15 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 16 PPRV PPRV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 17 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 18 ORFV ORFV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 19 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 20 day day NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 21 28 28 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 22 dpi dpi NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 24 while while IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 26 contact contact NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 27 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 28 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 29 developed develop VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 30 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 31 signs sign NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 33 respective respective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 34 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 298 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 1 Further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 3 PPR PPR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 4 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 5 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 6 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 7 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 8 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 10 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 11 PPR PPR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 12 sandwich sandwich NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 13 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 14 kit kit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 17 excretions excretion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 19 nasal nasal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 21 ocular ocular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 23 oral oral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 24 swab swab NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 25 materials material NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 28 unvaccinated unvaccinated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 29 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 30 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 31 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 32 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 33 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 34 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 35 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 36 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 37 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 38 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 39 immunized immunize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 40 goats goat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 299 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 1 Triple triple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 2 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 4 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 5 safe safe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 6 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 7 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 8 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 9 higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 10 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 11 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 12 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 13 TCID TCID NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 14 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 16 induced induce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 17 protective protective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 18 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 19 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 20 even even RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 21 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 22 lower low JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 23 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 25 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 26 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 27 TCID TCID NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 28 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 31 goats goat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 33 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 34 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 35 evident evident JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 36 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 37 sero sero NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 38 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 39 conversion conversion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 40 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 41 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 42 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 43 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 44 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 300 45 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 2 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 3 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 5 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 6 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 7 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 8 compatible compatible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 10 did do VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 11 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 12 interfere interfere VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 14 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 15 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 17 eliciting elicit VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 18 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 19 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 21 paving pave VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 23 feasibility feasibility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 25 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 27 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 28 triple triple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 29 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 31 combating combat VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 32 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 33 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 34 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 301 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 1 Toll toll NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 2 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 3 receptors receptor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 5 TLRs TLRs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 8 primary primary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 9 sensors sensor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 11 microbial microbial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 12 origin origin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 14 plays play VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 15 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 16 crucial crucial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 17 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 20 innate innate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 21 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 302 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 1 Till till IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 2 now now RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 3 13 13 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 4 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 5 TLRs tlr NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 6 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 7 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 8 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 10 while while IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 11 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 12 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 13 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 14 information information NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 15 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 16 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 17 TLRs tlr NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 19 Yak Yak NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 303 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 304 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 304 2 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 304 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 304 4 part part NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 304 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 304 6 World World NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 304 7 Bank Bank NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 304 8 Funded Funded NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 304 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 304 10 ICAR ICAR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 304 11 project project NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 304 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 1 Yak Yak NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 3 named name VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 4 Bos Bos NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 5 grunniens grunniens NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 8 distinctive distinctive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 9 vocalization vocalization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 11 relationship relationship NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 12 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 13 cattle cattle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 15 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 16 natural natural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 17 habitant habitant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 19 extremely extremely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 20 cold cold JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 21 environment environment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 305 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 1 When when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 2 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 3 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 4 comes come VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 5 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 6 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 7 lower low JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 8 altitude altitude NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 9 grazing graze VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 10 land land NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 12 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 13 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 14 villages village NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 16 become become VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 17 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 18 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 20 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 22 cattle cattle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 24 buffalo buffalo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 25 etc etc FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 306 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 3 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 4 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 6 undertaken undertake VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 9 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 10 characterization characterization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 12 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 13 lineage lineage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 14 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 16 Yak Yak NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 17 TLRs TLRs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 307 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 2 worked work VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 3 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 4 TLR7 TLR7 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 5 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 7 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 8 plays play VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 9 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 10 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 11 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 13 recognition recognition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 15 ssRNA ssrna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 16 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 308 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 309 1 Total Total NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 309 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 309 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 309 4 extracted extract VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 309 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 309 6 mitogen mitogen NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 309 7 stimulated stimulate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 309 8 PBMCs pbmc NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 309 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 309 10 Yak Yak NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 309 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 2 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 4 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 5 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 7 standardized standardize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 9 full full JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 10 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 11 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 13 TLR TLR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 14 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 15 7 7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 16 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 17 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 18 self self NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 19 designed design VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 20 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 310 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 311 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 311 2 expected expected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 311 3 amplicon amplicon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 311 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 311 5 3559bps 3559bp NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 311 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 311 7 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 311 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 3 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 5 pGEMT pGEMT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 6 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 7 Easy easy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 8 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 9 followed follow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 11 transformation transformation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 13 E. E. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 14 coli coli VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 15 Top10 Top10 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 16 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 312 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 2 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 3 clones clone NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 5 screened screen VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 7 picked pick VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 8 up up RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 10 plasmid plasmid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 11 isolation isolation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 13 release release NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 15 TLR7 TLR7 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 16 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 17 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 18 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 19 restriction restriction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 20 digestion digestion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 313 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 2 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 3 TLR7 TLR7 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 4 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 6 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 8 analyzed analyze VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 11 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 13 deduced deduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 14 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 15 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 16 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 19 3D 3D NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 20 structure structure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 21 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 314 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 2 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 3 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 5 Yak Yak NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 6 shows show VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 7 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 8 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 9 98 98 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 10 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 11 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 12 homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 14 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 15 Bos Bos NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 16 indicus indicus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 17 breeds breed VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 19 Bos Bos NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 20 taurus taurus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 21 breeds breed NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 315 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 3 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 5 less less JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 6 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 7 88 88 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 8 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 10 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 11 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 12 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 14 equine equine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 16 murine murine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 18 feline feline JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 20 canine canine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 21 etc etc NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 316 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 317 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 317 2 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 317 3 lineage lineage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 317 4 findings finding NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 317 5 cluster cluster NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 317 6 Yak Yak NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 317 7 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 317 8 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 317 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 317 10 bovine bovine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 317 11 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 317 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 1 Point point NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 2 mutations mutation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 3 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 4 changes change NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 5 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 6 25 25 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 7 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 8 positions position NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 10 corresponding correspond VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 11 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 12 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 13 change change NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 14 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 15 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 16 positions position NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 318 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 1 SMART smart JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 4 Yak Yak NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 5 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 6 domain domain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 7 architecture architecture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 8 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 9 Toll Toll NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 11 Interleukin Interleukin NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 12 I -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 13 receptor receptor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 15 TIR TIR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 18 Leucine leucine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 19 rich rich JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 20 repeats repeat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 22 LRR LRR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 25 signal signal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 26 peptide peptide NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 27 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 319 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 320 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 320 2 variations variation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 320 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 320 4 Yak Yak NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 320 5 mainly mainly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 320 6 lie lie VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 320 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 320 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 320 9 LRR LRR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 320 10 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 320 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 321 1 Homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 321 2 modeling model VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 321 3 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 321 4 horse horse NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 321 5 shoe shoe NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 321 6 shaped shape VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 321 7 structure structure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 321 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 321 9 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 321 10 alpha alpha NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 321 11 helix helix NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 321 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 2 additional additional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 3 alpha alpha NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 4 helix helix NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 5 present present NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 7 Bos Bos NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 8 indicus indicus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 10 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 11 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 13 Yak Yak NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 322 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 4 shows show VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 5 existence existence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 7 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 8 variability variability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 10 TLR7 TLR7 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 11 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 13 Yak Yak NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 16 particular particular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 18 LRR LRR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 19 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 21 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 22 plays play VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 23 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 24 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 25 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 28 pathogen pathogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 29 recognition recognition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 32 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 33 lineage lineage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 34 analyses analysis NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 35 shows show VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 36 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 37 closeness closeness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 38 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 39 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 40 bovine bovine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 41 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 323 42 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 324 1 A.P. A.P. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 324 2 Aquaculture Aquaculture NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 324 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 324 4 Fisheries Fisheries NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 324 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 324 6 Tirupati Tirupati NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 3 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 4 millennium millennium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 6 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 7 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 8 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 9 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 10 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 12 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 13 expanded expand VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 15 adjusted adjust VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 16 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 18 current current JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 19 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 20 problems problem NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 21 faced face VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 22 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 24 aquaculture aquaculture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 25 sector sector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 325 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 2 presentation presentation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 3 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 4 briefly briefly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 5 discuss discuss VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 6 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 9 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 10 serious serious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 11 trans trans JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 12 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 13 boundary boundary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 14 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 15 affecting affect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 16 Asian asian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 17 aquaculture aquaculture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 18 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 19 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 20 newly newly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 21 emerging emerge VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 22 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 24 highlight highlight VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 25 recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 26 regional regional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 28 national national JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 29 efforts effort NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 30 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 31 responsible responsible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 32 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 33 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 34 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 35 mitigating mitigate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 36 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 37 risks risk NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 38 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 39 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 40 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 41 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 42 movement movement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 326 43 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 2 regional regional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 3 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 5 fundamental fundamental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 6 since since IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 7 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 8 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 9 share share VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 10 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 11 social social JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 13 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 15 industrial industrial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 17 environmental environmental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 19 biological biological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 21 geographical geographical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 22 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 327 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 1 Capacity capacity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 3 awareness awareness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 4 building build VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 5 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 6 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 7 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 8 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 10 science science NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 12 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 13 risk risk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 14 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 16 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 17 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 18 transfers transfer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 20 surveillance surveillance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 22 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 23 reporting reporting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 25 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 26 zoning zoning NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 28 establishment establishment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 30 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 31 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 32 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 33 information information NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 34 systems system NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 35 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 36 support support VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 37 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 38 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 39 national national JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 40 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 41 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 42 programs program NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 43 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 44 emergency emergency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 45 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 46 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 47 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 48 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 49 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 50 needed need VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 328 51 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 1 Molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 2 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 3 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 4 emphasis emphasis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 5 towards towards IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 6 standardization standardization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 8 harmonization harmonization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 10 inter inter JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 11 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 12 calibration calibration JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 13 exercises exercise NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 15 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 16 assurance assurance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 18 laboratories laboratory NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 20 accreditation accreditation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 21 program program NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 23 utilization utilization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 25 regional regional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 26 resource resource NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 27 centres centre NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 28 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 29 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 30 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 31 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 32 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 33 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 34 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 35 needed need VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 329 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 1 Whilst whilst IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 2 most most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 4 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 5 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 6 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 7 directed direct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 9 support support NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 11 government government NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 12 policies policy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 14 implementation implementation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 15 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 16 require require VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 17 pro pro JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 18 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 19 active active JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 20 involvement involvement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 22 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 23 cooperation cooperation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 25 strategic strategic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 26 networking networking NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 27 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 28 governments government NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 30 farmers farmer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 31 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 32 researchers researcher NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 33 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 34 scientists scientist NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 35 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 36 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 37 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 38 aid aid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 39 agencies agency NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 40 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 41 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 42 relevant relevant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 43 private private JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 44 sector sector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 45 stakeholders stakeholder NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 46 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 47 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 48 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 330 49 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 331 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 331 2 contributions contribution NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 331 3 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 331 4 essential essential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 331 5 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 331 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 331 7 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 331 8 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 331 9 process process NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 331 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 1 Generally generally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 3 aquaculture aquaculture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 4 plays play VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 5 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 6 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 7 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 9 economy economy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 10 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 11 harvests harvest NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 12 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 13 natural natural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 14 waters water NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 15 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 16 declined decline VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 17 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 19 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 20 best good JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 22 remained remain VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 23 static static JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 24 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 25 most most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 26 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 332 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 1 Fish fish NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 3 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 6 main main JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 7 aquaculture aquaculture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 8 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 9 sources source NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 11 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 12 gained gain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 14 most most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 15 attention attention NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 333 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 1 Many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 2 factors factor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 3 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 4 cause cause VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 5 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 7 yields yield NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 9 fish fish NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 10 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 12 infectious infectious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 13 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 15 fish fish NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 17 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 18 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 20 biggest big JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 21 threat threat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 22 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 24 fishery fishery NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 25 industry industry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 334 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 1 Shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 3 fish fish NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 4 aquaculture aquaculture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 5 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 6 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 7 rapidly rapidly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 8 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 9 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 10 decades decade NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 12 become become VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 13 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 14 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 15 global global JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 16 industry industry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 17 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 18 serves serve VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 20 increasing increase VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 21 consumer consumer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 22 demand demand NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 23 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 24 seafood seafood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 26 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 27 contributed contribute VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 28 significantly significantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 29 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 30 socio socio JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 31 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 32 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 33 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 34 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 35 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 36 poor poor JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 37 coastal coastal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 38 communities community NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 335 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 4 ecological ecological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 5 disturbances disturbance NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 7 changes change NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 9 patterns pattern NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 11 trade trade NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 12 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 15 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 17 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 19 fish fish NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 20 farming farming NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 21 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 22 presented present VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 23 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 26 pre pre JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 27 - - NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 28 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 29 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 31 emergence emergence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 33 spread spread NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 34 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 35 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 336 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 1 Shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 3 fish fish NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 5 displaced displace VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 7 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 8 natural natural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 9 environments environment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 11 provided provide VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 12 artificial artificial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 13 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 14 alternative alternative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 15 feeds feed NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 17 stocked stock VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 19 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 20 density density NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 22 exposed expose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 23 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 24 stress stress VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 25 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 26 changes change NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 27 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 28 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 29 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 31 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 32 transported transport VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 33 nationally nationally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 34 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 35 internationally internationally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 36 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 37 either either CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 38 live live VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 39 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 40 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 41 frozen frozen JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 42 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 337 43 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 2 practices practice NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 3 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 4 provided provide VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 5 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 7 increased increase VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 8 pathogenicity pathogenicity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 10 existing exist VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 11 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 13 exposure exposure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 14 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 15 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 16 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 20 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 21 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 23 trans trans NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 24 boundary boundary NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 25 spread spread NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 27 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 338 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 1 Not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 2 surprisingly surprisingly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 5 succession succession NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 7 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 8 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 9 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 10 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 11 devastated devastate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 13 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 15 livelihoods livelihood NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 17 farmers farmer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 19 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 20 sustaining sustain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 21 communities community NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 339 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 2 review review NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 3 examines examine VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 5 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 6 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 7 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 9 farmed farm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 10 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 12 fish fish NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 15 likely likely JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 16 reasons reason NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 17 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 19 emergence emergence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 21 spread spread NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 25 consequences consequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 26 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 28 structure structure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 30 operation operation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 33 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 34 farming farming NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 35 industry industry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 340 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 2 addition addition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 4 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 5 review review NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 6 discusses discuss VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 8 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 9 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 10 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 11 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 12 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 13 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 14 introduced introduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 15 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 16 combat combat VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 18 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 19 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 22 reasons reason NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 23 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 24 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 25 continues continue VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 26 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 27 have have VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 28 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 29 impact impact NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 31 particularly particularly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 32 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 33 poor poor JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 34 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 35 smallholder smallholder NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 36 farmers farmer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 37 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 38 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 341 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 1 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 2 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 3 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 5 same same JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 6 geographic geographic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 7 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 8 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 9 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 10 termed term VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 11 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 12 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 13 topotypes topotypes NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 14 ' ' POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 16 initial initial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 17 observation observation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 18 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 19 segment segment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 20 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 21 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 22 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 23 identified identify VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 24 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 25 correlation correlation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 26 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 27 topotypes topotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 29 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 30 information information NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 342 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 1 Later later RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 2 topotyping topotyping NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 4 proposed propose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 5 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 6 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 7 segment segment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 8 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 10 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 12 premise premise NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 13 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 15 encoding encoding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 16 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 17 NS3 ns3 RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 19 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 20 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 21 involved involve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 22 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 23 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 24 egress egress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 25 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 26 insect insect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 27 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 29 would would MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 30 lead lead VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 31 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 32 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 33 fitness fitness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 34 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 35 parallel parallel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 36 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 37 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 38 geographic geographic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 39 distribution distribution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 40 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 41 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 42 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 43 Culicoides Culicoides NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 44 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 343 45 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 1 Further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 2 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 3 attempted attempt VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 5 extend extend VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 6 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 8 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 9 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 10 homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 12 segments segment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 13 7 7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 15 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 17 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 18 failed fail VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 19 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 20 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 21 clear clear JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 22 cut cut JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 23 correlations correlation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 24 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 25 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 26 evidence evidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 27 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 28 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 29 selection selection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 344 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 1 For for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 2 example example NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 4 South south JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 5 African african JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 6 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 8 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 9 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 11 cluster cluster VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 12 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 13 separate separate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 14 African african JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 15 lineage lineage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 345 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 6 carried carry VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 7 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 9 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 10 extensive extensive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 11 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 13 segment segment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 14 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 15 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 346 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 347 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 347 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 347 3 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 347 4 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 347 5 segregation segregation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 347 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 347 7 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 347 8 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 347 9 topographically topographically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 347 10 distinct distinct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 347 11 groups group NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 347 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 1 Instead instead RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 3 observed observe VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 4 topological topological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 5 clustering clustering NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 8 clades clade NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 11 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 12 attribute attribute VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 13 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 14 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 15 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 16 bottleneck bottleneck NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 17 resulting result VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 19 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 20 drift drift NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 22 founder founder NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 23 effect effect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 24 leading lead VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 25 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 26 homogenous homogenous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 27 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 28 pool pool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 29 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 30 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 31 geographical geographical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 32 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 348 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 2 hypothesize hypothesize VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 3 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 4 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 6 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 8 enters enter VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 9 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 10 geographical geographical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 11 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 12 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 13 local local JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 14 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 15 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 16 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 17 already already RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 18 circulating circulate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 21 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 22 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 23 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 24 segments segment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 25 would would MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 26 enter enter VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 27 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 28 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 29 bigger big JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 30 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 31 pool pool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 349 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 1 Consequently consequently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 4 newer new JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 5 incursions incursion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 6 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 8 heavily heavily RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 9 endemic endemic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 10 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 11 tend tend VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 12 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 13 get get VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 14 diluted dilute VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 16 disappear disappear VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 17 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 19 population population NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 20 because because IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 22 rate rate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 24 drift drift NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 25 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 26 inversely inversely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 27 proportional proportional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 28 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 30 population population NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 31 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 33 unless unless IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 34 they -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 35 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 36 positively positively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 37 selected select VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 350 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 1 Use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 3 live live JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 4 attenuated attenuated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 5 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 7 Israel Israel NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 9 Europe Europe NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 11 South South NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 12 Africa Africa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 14 USA USA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 15 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 16 led lead VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 17 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 18 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 19 homogenous homogenous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 20 population population NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 21 similar similar JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 22 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 24 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 25 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 26 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 27 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 28 continuous continuous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 29 infusion infusion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 32 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 33 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 34 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 35 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 36 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 37 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 38 pool pool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 351 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 2 conclude conclude VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 3 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 4 restriction restriction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 6 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 7 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 9 certain certain JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 10 geographical geographical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 11 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 12 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 13 generate generate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 14 uniquely uniquely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 15 imprinted imprint VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 16 genotypes genotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 17 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 18 would would MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 19 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 20 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 21 indicate indicate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 22 origin origin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 23 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 24 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 25 predict predict VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 26 movement movement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 28 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 29 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 30 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 31 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 32 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 352 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 353 1 VVO-10 VVO-10 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 354 1 Viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 354 2 Diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 354 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 354 4 Zoonotic Zoonotic NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 354 5 Importance importance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 354 6 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 355 1 Indian Indian NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 355 2 Context Context NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 355 3 K. K. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 355 4 Prabhudas Prabhudas NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 355 5 PD PD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 355 6 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 355 7 ADMAS ADMAS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 355 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 355 9 IVRI IVRI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 355 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 355 11 Campus Campus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 355 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 1 Hebbal Hebbal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 3 Bangalore Bangalore NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 4 24 24 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 5 Zoonoses Zoonoses NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 6 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 7 generally generally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 8 defined define VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 10 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 11 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 12 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 13 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 14 transmissible transmissible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 15 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 16 humans human NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 356 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 2 continue continue VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 3 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 4 represent represent VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 5 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 6 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 7 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 8 hazard hazard NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 10 most most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 11 parts part NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 14 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 16 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 17 they -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 18 cause cause VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 19 considerable considerable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 20 expenditure expenditure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 22 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 23 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 25 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 27 agricultural agricultural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 28 sectors sector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 357 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 2 emergence emergence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 4 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 5 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 6 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 7 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 8 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 9 distinct distinct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 11 hence hence RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 13 prevention prevention NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 15 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 16 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 17 require require VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 18 unique unique JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 19 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 21 apart apart RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 22 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 23 traditional traditional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 24 approaches approach NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 358 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 1 Such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 2 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 3 require require VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 4 rebuilding rebuild VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 6 cadre cadre NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 8 trained train VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 9 professionals professional NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 11 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 12 medical medical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 14 biologic biologic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 15 sciences science NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 359 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 360 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 360 2 article article NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 360 3 discusses discuss VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 360 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 360 5 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 360 6 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 360 7 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 360 8 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 360 9 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 360 10 implications implication NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 360 11 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 360 12 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 360 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 1 Buffalopox Buffalopox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 3 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 4 contagious contagious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 5 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 6 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 7 affecting affect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 8 milch milch JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 9 buffaloes buffalo NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 11 rarely rarely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 13 cows cow NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 16 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 17 morbidity morbidity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 18 rate rate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 19 up up IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 20 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 21 80 80 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 22 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 25 affected affected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 26 herd herd NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 361 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 1 Although although IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 3 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 5 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 6 responsible responsible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 7 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 8 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 9 mortality mortality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 12 adversely adversely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 13 affects affect VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 15 productivity productivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 18 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 20 resulting result VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 22 large large JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 23 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 24 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 362 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 4 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 5 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 6 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 7 implications implication NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 10 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 11 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 12 frequently frequently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 13 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 14 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 15 human human JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 16 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 18 particularly particularly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 21 milkers milker NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 363 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 2 causative causative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 3 agent agent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 5 buffalopox buffalopox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 6 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 8 BPXV BPXV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 11 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 12 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 13 related relate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 14 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 15 vaccinia vaccinia NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 16 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 364 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 2 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 4 febrile febrile JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 5 rash rash JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 6 illness illness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 7 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 8 humans human NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 10 buffaloes buffalo NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 12 investigated investigate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 15 villages village NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 17 districts district NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 18 Solapur Solapur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 20 Kolhapur Kolhapur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 22 Western Western NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 23 Maharashtra Maharashtra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 365 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 1 Clinico clinico NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 3 epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 4 investigations investigation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 6 humans human NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 8 buffaloes buffalo NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 10 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 11 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 13 representative representative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 14 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 15 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 17 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 18 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 366 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 367 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 367 2 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 367 3 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 367 4 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 367 5 fluid fluid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 367 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 367 7 scab scab NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 367 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 367 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 367 10 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 367 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 1 Laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 2 investigations investigation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 3 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 4 Buffalo Buffalo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 5 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 6 Pox Pox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 9 BPXV BPXV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 12 done do VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 13 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 14 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 15 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 16 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 17 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 19 scabs scab NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 21 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 22 fluid fluid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 368 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 2 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 3 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 4 isolation isolation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 5 attempts attempt NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 7 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 8 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 10 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 11 Vero Vero NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 12 E-6 E-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 13 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 369 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 370 1 Negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 370 2 staining stain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 370 3 electron electron NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 370 4 microscopy microscopy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 370 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 370 6 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 370 7 employed employ VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 370 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 370 9 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 370 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 370 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 370 12 particles particle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 370 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 2 total total NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 4 166 166 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 5 human human JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 6 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 8 pox pox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 9 lesions lesion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 10 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 11 hand hand NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 13 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 14 body body NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 15 parts part NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 16 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 17 village village NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 18 Kasegaon Kasegaon NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 20 District District NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 21 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 22 Solapur Solapur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 24 185 185 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 25 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 26 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 27 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 28 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 29 villages village NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 31 Kolhapur Kolhapur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 32 district district NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 33 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 34 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 371 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 1 Besides besides IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 2 pox pox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 3 lesions lesion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 4 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 6 having have VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 7 fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 9 malaise malaise NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 11 pain pain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 12 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 13 site site NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 15 lesion lesion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 17 axillary axillary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 19 inguinal inguinal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 20 lymphadenopathy lymphadenopathy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 372 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 2 Kasegaon Kasegaon NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 3 village village NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 5 attack attack NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 6 rate rate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 8 human human JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 9 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 10 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 11 6.6 6.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 12 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 15 buffaloes buffalo NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 16 41.9 41.9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 17 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 19 231/551 231/551 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 373 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 1 Whereas whereas IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 2 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 3 Kolhapur Kolhapur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 4 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 5 attack attack NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 6 rate rate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 8 buffaloes buffalo NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 10 11.75 11.75 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 11 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 13 2633/22398 2633/22398 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 374 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 1 BPXV BPXV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 3 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 5 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 7 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 8 fluid fluid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 10 scab scab NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 11 specimens specimen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 12 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 13 human human JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 14 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 16 scab scab NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 17 specimen specimen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 19 buffalo buffalo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 20 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 21 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 22 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 23 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 25 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 27 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 375 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 2 BPXV BPXV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 4 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 5 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 7 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 8 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 9 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 10 specimens specimen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 12 further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 13 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 14 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 15 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 17 electron electron NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 18 microscopy microscopy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 376 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 1 Clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 2 manifestation manifestation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 5 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 7 buffaloes buffalo NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 8 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 9 Solapur Solapur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 10 district district NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 12 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 13 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 14 earlier early RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 15 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 16 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 17 pox pox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 18 lesions lesion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 19 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 20 teats teat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 22 udders udder NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 23 whereas whereas IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 25 buffaloes buffalo NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 26 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 27 Kolhapur Kolhapur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 28 district district NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 29 had have VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 30 lesions lesion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 31 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 32 hairless hairless JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 33 parts part NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 34 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 35 ears ear NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 36 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 37 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 38 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 39 eyelids eyelid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 40 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 41 purulent purulent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 42 discharge discharge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 377 43 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 378 1 BPXV BPXV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 378 2 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 378 3 human human JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 378 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 378 5 buffalo buffalo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 378 6 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 378 7 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 378 8 similarity similarity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 378 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 1 Vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 2 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 3 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 4 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 5 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 6 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 7 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 9 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 11 controlling control VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 13 afflictions affliction NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 379 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 2 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 3 few few JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 5 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 7 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 8 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 10 successfully successfully RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 11 controlling control VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 13 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 380 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 2 reasons reason NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 3 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 5 failure failure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 6 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 7 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 10 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 11 being being NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 13 either either CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 15 pathogen pathogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 16 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 17 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 18 completely completely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 19 cleared clear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 20 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 22 vaccinated vaccinate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 23 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 24 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 26 reemerges reemerge VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 27 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 28 changing change VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 29 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 30 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 31 structure structure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 33 thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 34 making make VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 35 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 36 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 37 programme programme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 38 less less RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 39 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 381 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 382 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 382 2 addition addition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 382 3 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 382 4 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 382 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 382 6 emergences emergence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 382 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 382 8 newer new JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 382 9 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 382 10 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 382 11 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 382 12 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 383 1 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 383 2 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 383 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 383 4 suitable suitable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 383 5 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 383 6 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 383 7 become become VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 383 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 383 9 challenging challenging JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 383 10 task task NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 383 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 384 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 384 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 384 3 especially especially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 384 4 true true JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 384 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 384 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 384 7 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 384 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 384 9 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 384 10 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 384 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 2 challenges challenge NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 3 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 4 warned warn VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 6 researchers researcher NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 7 ' ' POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 8 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 9 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 10 protection protection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 12 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 13 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 14 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 15 that that RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 16 simple simple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 18 strait strait JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 19 forward forward RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 20 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 21 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 22 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 25 lot lot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 26 need need VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 27 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 28 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 29 understood understand VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 31 terms term NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 33 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 34 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 35 interaction interaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 36 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 37 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 38 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 39 environment environment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 40 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 41 perpetuating perpetuate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 42 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 43 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 385 44 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 1 So so IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 3 immediate immediate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 4 step step NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 5 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 7 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 10 environmental environmental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 11 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 12 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 13 way way NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 14 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 15 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 16 infectious infectious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 17 materials material NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 18 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 19 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 386 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 1 With with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 3 understanding understanding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 4 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 5 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 6 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 7 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 9 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 10 immunology immunology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 12 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 13 biology biology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 17 availability availability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 19 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 20 tools tool NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 21 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 22 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 23 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 24 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 25 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 26 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 27 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 28 technology technology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 30 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 32 vaccinology vaccinology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 33 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 34 changed change VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 35 dramatically dramatically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 36 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 37 emerge emerge VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 38 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 39 modern modern JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 40 vaccinology vaccinology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 387 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 2 presentation presentation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 3 deals deal VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 6 modern modern JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 7 approaches approach NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 8 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 9 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 10 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 11 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 12 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 13 produce produce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 14 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 15 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 18 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 20 foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 22 mouth mouth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 23 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 25 cloven cloven NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 26 footed footed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 27 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 388 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 389 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 389 2 similar similar JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 389 3 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 389 4 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 389 5 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 389 6 worked work VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 389 7 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 389 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 389 9 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 389 10 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 389 11 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 389 12 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 389 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 1 Despite despite IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 3 availability availability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 5 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 6 inactivated inactivated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 7 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 8 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 10 noted note VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 12 provide provide VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 13 solid solid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 14 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 15 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 17 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 18 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 19 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 20 short short JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 21 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 23 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 26 search search NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 27 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 28 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 29 ideal ideal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 30 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 31 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 33 criteria criterion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 34 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 35 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 36 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 37 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 38 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 39 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 40 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 41 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 42 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 43 environment environment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 44 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 45 easy easy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 46 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 47 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 48 preparation preparation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 49 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 50 does do VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 51 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 52 require require VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 53 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 54 cold cold JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 55 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 56 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 57 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 58 storage storage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 59 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 60 provides provide VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 61 longer long RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 62 lasting last VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 63 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 64 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 65 economically economically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 66 viable viable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 67 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 68 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 69 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 70 able able JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 71 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 72 clear clear VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 73 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 74 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 75 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 76 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 77 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 78 persistent persistent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 79 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 80 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 81 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 390 82 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 2 advent advent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 4 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 5 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 6 technology technology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 7 together together RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 10 information information NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 11 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 12 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 14 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 15 biology biology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 17 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 18 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 19 enabled enable VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 20 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 21 design design VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 23 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 25 newer new JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 26 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 27 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 28 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 29 induce induce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 30 strong strong JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 31 cellular cellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 33 humoral humoral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 34 responses response NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 391 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 2 underlying underlying JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 3 principal principal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 6 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 7 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 8 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 9 strategy strategy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 10 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 11 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 12 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 15 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 16 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 17 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 18 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 19 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 20 expressed express VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 23 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 26 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 27 backbone backbone NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 28 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 29 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 30 trigger trigger VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 32 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 33 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 34 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 35 eliciting elicit VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 36 desired desire VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 37 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 38 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 392 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 1 Bangalore Bangalore NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 2 Campus Campus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 4 IVRI IVRI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 5 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 6 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 7 vigorously vigorously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 8 pursuing pursue VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 9 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 11 develop develop VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 12 ideal ideal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 13 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 14 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 15 foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 17 mouth mouth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 18 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 19 keeping keep VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 20 above above IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 21 principal principal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 22 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 23 mind mind NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 24 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 25 achieve achieve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 27 previously previously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 28 mentioned mention VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 29 criteria criterion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 393 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 2 approaches approach NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 3 selected select VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 6 see see VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 9 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 10 antigen antigen NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 11 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 12 s s NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 13 replicate replicate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 14 transiently transiently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 17 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 394 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 2 self self NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 3 replicating replicate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 4 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 5 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 6 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 7 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 8 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 9 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 10 pox pox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 12 vectored vectore VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 13 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 15 alpha alpha NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 16 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 17 replicase replicase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 18 based base VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 19 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 21 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 22 vectored vectore VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 23 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 395 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 396 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 396 2 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 396 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 396 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 396 5 result result NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 396 6 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 396 7 so so RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 396 8 far far RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 396 9 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 396 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 396 11 discussed discuss VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 396 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 1 Silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 3 Bombyx Bombyx NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 4 mori mori NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 6 affected affect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 8 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 9 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 10 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 12 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 13 viz viz JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 397 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 1 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 2 nuclearpolyhedrosis nuclearpolyhedrosis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 4 BmNPV BmNPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 7 densosnucleosis densosnucleosis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 9 BmDNV BmDNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 12 infectious infectious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 13 flacherie flacherie NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 15 BmIFV BmIFV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 398 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 1 Silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 2 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 3 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 4 form form VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 5 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 6 constraints constraint NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 7 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 9 silk silk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 10 cocoon cocoon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 11 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 13 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 15 sericultural sericultural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 16 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 399 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 2 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 3 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 4 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 5 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 6 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 8 estimated estimate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 9 about about IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 10 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 11 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 12 40 40 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 13 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 15 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 16 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 17 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 18 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 19 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 20 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 21 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 400 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 2 sericulture sericulture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 4 prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 5 measures measure NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 6 play play VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 8 vital vital JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 9 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 12 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 14 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 15 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 401 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 2 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 3 disinfection disinfection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 5 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 6 rearing rear VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 7 house house NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 9 appliances appliance NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 11 rearing rearing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 12 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 14 rearing rear VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 15 surroundings surrounding NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 17 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 18 egg egg NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 20 body body NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 23 rearing rear VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 24 bed bed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 25 disinfection disinfection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 26 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 27 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 28 maintenance maintenance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 30 general general JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 31 hygiene hygiene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 33 personnel personnel NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 34 hygiene hygiene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 402 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 1 All all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 2 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 3 activities activity NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 5 generally generally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 6 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 7 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 8 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 9 rituals ritual NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 11 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 12 general general JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 13 disinfectants disinfectant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 14 often often RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 16 partial partial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 17 success success NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 403 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 1 Recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 2 trends trend NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 4 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 5 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 7 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 8 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 9 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 10 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 12 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 13 hybrids hybrid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 14 evolved evolve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 15 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 16 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 17 resistant resistant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 18 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 19 tolerant tolerant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 20 breeds breed NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 22 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 23 eco eco NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 24 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 26 user user NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 27 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 28 friendly friendly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 29 disinfectants disinfectant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 31 anti anti JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 32 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 33 microbial microbial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 34 feed feed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 35 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 36 supplements supplement NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 37 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 38 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 39 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 40 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 41 silkworms silkworm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 404 42 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 1 Biotechnological biotechnological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 2 breakthrough breakthrough NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 4 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 5 regard regard NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 6 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 7 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 9 interference interference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 11 RNAi RNAi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 13 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 14 involving involve VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 15 dsRNA dsRNA VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 16 mediated mediate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 17 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 18 polyhedrosis polyhedrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 19 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 21 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 22 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 23 presently presently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 24 pursued pursue VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 25 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 26 APSSRDI APSSRDI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 27 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 28 HIndupur HIndupur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 29 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 30 collaboration collaboration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 31 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 32 Centre Centre NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 33 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 34 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 35 Fingerprinting Fingerprinting NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 36 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 37 Diagnostics Diagnostics NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 39 CDFD CDFD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 41 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 42 Hyderabad Hyderabad NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 405 43 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 406 1 Nadu Nadu NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 406 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 406 3 Karnataka Karnataka NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 406 4 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 3 appears appear VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 5 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 6 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 7 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 9 rural rural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 10 flocks flock NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 11 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 12 organized organize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 13 farms farm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 407 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 2 investigations investigation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 3 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 5 Morbidity morbidity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 7 mortality mortality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 9 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 10 fatality fatality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 11 rates rate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 12 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 13 rural rural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 15 organised organised JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 16 farms farm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 17 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 18 9.34 9.34 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 19 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 21 2.69 2.69 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 22 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 24 28.84 28.84 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 25 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 27 6.22 6.22 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 28 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 30 0.47 0.47 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 31 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 33 7.63 7.63 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 34 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 35 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 408 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 1 Higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 2 morbidity morbidity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 4 mortality mortality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 6 rural rural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 7 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 8 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 9 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 10 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 12 stress stress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 13 factors factor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 14 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 15 poor poor JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 16 nutrition nutrition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 18 parasitic parasitic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 19 burden burden NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 21 fatigue fatigue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 22 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 23 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 24 long long JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 25 walks walk NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 27 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 28 availability availability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 30 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 31 aid aid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 409 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 1 Kulkarni Kulkarni NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 2 et et NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 3 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 4 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 5 1992 1992 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 6 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 7 reported report VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 9 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 10 BT BT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 11 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 13 rural rural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 14 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 16 Maharashtra Maharashtra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 18 overall overall JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 19 morbidity morbidity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 21 mortality mortality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 23 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 24 fatality fatality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 26 32 32 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 27 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 29 8 8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 30 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 32 25 25 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 33 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 34 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 410 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 1 All all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 3 south south JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 4 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 5 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 6 breeds breed NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 8 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 11 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 13 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 14 farm farm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 17 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 18 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 19 evident evident JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 21 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 23 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 24 though though IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 25 Saravanabava Saravanabava NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 27 1992 1992 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 29 reported report VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 30 variations variation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 31 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 32 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 33 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 34 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 35 indigenous indigenous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 36 sheep sheep NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 411 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 1 Trichy Trichy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 2 black black JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 4 Ramnad ramnad JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 5 white white JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 6 sheep sheep NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 8 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 11 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 12 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 13 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 15 Vambur Vambur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 17 Mecheri Mecheri NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 18 sheep sheep NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 20 Tamil Tamil NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 21 Nadu Nadu NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 412 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 1 Prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 3 bluetongue bluetongue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 5 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 7 goat goat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 9 cattle cattle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 10 appears appear VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 12 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 13 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 16 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 413 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 1 Serological serological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 2 surveys survey NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 3 conducted conduct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 5 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 6 pradesh pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 7 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 8 1991 1991 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 9 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 11 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 13 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 14 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 16 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 18 47.5 47.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 19 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 21 goats goat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 23 43.56 43.56 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 24 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 26 cattle cattle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 28 33 33 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 29 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 32 buffaloe buffaloe NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 34 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 35 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 414 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 1 Similar similar JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 2 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 3 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 5 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 6 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 8 sheep sheep NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 10 goats goat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 12 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 13 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 14 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 16 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 17 states state NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 20 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 415 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 1 Clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 3 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 4 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 5 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 6 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 8 kerala kerala NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 9 though though IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 10 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 11 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 13 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 15 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 17 13.76 13.76 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 18 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 21 goats goat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 23 7.10 7.10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 24 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 27 Ravi Ravi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 28 Sankar Sankar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 29 2003 2003 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 416 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 417 1 Culicoides culicoide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 417 2 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 417 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 417 4 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 417 5 biological biological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 417 6 vectors vector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 417 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 417 8 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 417 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 418 1 All all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 418 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 418 3 culicoides culicoide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 418 4 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 418 5 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 418 6 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 418 7 capable capable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 418 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 418 9 transmitting transmit VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 418 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 418 11 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 418 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 2 occurrence occurrence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 5 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 6 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 7 related relate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 10 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 13 competent competent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 14 vectors vector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 17 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 419 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 420 1 Jain Jain NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 420 2 et et NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 420 3 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 420 4 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 2 1988 1988 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 4 established establish VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 6 involvement involvement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 9 culicoides culicoide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 11 transmitting transmit VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 13 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 14 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 15 isolating isolate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 17 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 19 culicoides culicoide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 20 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 21 Haryana Haryana NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 24 North north JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 25 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 26 state state NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 421 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 1 C. C. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 2 imicola imicola NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 4 C. C. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 5 oxystoma oxystoma NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 7 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 8 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 9 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 10 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 12 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 13 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 15 Tamil Tamil NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 16 Nadu Nadu NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 422 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 1 Narladakar Narladakar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 2 et et IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 3 al.(1993 al.(1993 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 5 reported report VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 7 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 9 C. C. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 10 schultzei schultzei NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 12 C. C. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 13 perigrinus perigrinus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 15 C. C. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 16 octoni octoni RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 18 Marathwada Marathwada NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 19 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 21 Maharastra Maharastra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 423 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 1 Culicoid Culicoid NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 2 vectors vector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 3 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 4 significantly significantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 5 affected affect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 8 climate climate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 10 annual annual JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 11 variations variation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 14 climate climate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 15 reflects reflect VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 17 outcome outcome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 20 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 424 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 2 monsoon monsoon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 3 season season NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 5 June June NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 7 Dec Dec NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 11 temperature temperature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 12 ranging range VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 13 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 14 21.2 21.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 15 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 16 35.6 35.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 17 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 18 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 19 appears appear VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 20 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 21 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 22 favourable favourable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 23 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 24 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 26 multiplication multiplication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 28 culicoides culicoide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 425 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 2 maximum maximum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 3 No no NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 5 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 7 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 8 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 10 North North NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 11 East East NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 12 monsoon monsoon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 13 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 15 Oct Oct NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 16 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 17 Dec Dec NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 19 followed follow VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 20 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 21 South South NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 22 West West NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 23 monsoon monsoon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 24 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 26 June June NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 27 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 28 Sep Sep NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 32 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 426 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 3 details detail NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 4 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 6 distribution distribution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 9 competent competent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 10 vectors vector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 12 feeding feed VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 13 habits habit NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 16 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 19 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 20 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 21 lacking lack VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 22 Multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 23 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 24 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 25 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 26 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 27 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 28 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 29 circulating circulate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 32 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 427 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 2 Kulkarni Kulkarni NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 4 Kulkarni Kulkarni NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 5 1984 1984 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 6 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 7 Janakiraman Janakiraman NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 8 etal etal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 10 1991 1991 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 11 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 12 Mehrotra Mehrotra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 13 et et NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 14 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 16 1996 1996 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 428 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 429 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 429 2 total total NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 429 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 429 4 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 429 5 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 429 6 viz viz NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 429 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 1 1 1 LS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 2 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 3 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 5 8 8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 7 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 9 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 11 16 16 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 13 18 18 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 15 23 23 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 17 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 18 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 19 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 21 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 22 isolations isolation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 430 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 431 1 Sreenivasulu Sreenivasulu NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 431 2 et et FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 431 3 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 431 4 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 1 1999 1999 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 2 isolated isolate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 3 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 4 serotype serotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 5 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 7 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 8 outbreak outbreak NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 10 BT BT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 12 native native JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 13 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 15 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 16 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 432 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 1 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 2 serotype serotype NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 3 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 5 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 7 21 21 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 8 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 9 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 10 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 11 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 13 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 14 occurred occur VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 16 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 17 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 433 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 434 1 Some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 434 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 434 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 434 4 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 434 5 need need VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 434 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 434 7 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 434 8 serotyped serotyped JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 434 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 435 1 Deshmukh Deshmukh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 435 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 435 3 Gujar Gujar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 435 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 435 5 1999 1999 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 435 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 435 7 isolated isolate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 435 8 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 435 9 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 435 10 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 435 11 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 435 12 Maharashtra Maharashtra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 435 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 1 Following follow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 4 summary summary NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 7 distribution distribution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 9 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 10 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 12 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 13 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 436 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 1 Clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 2 picture picture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 4 BT BT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 6 native native JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 7 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 8 appears appear VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 11 slightly slightly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 12 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 15 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 16 difference difference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 17 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 18 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 19 swelling swelling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 21 lips lip NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 23 face face NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 24 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 25 less less RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 26 conspicuous conspicuous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 437 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 1 Mucocutaneous Mucocutaneous NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 2 borders border NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 3 appeared appear VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 5 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 6 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 7 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 8 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 9 touch touch VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 11 bleed bleed VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 12 easily easily RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 13 upon upon IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 14 handling handle VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 438 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 2 classical classical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 3 signs sign NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 5 cyanosis cyanosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 7 tongue tongue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 9 reddening reddening NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 11 coronary coronary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 12 band band NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 13 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 14 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 16 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 17 features feature NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 20 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 22 native native JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 23 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 439 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 440 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 440 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 440 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 440 4 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 440 5 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 440 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 440 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 440 8 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 440 9 isolation isolation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 440 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 440 11 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 440 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 1 Clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 3 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 4 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 5 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 6 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 8 cattle cattle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 10 buffaloes buffalo NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 12 goats goat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 14 spite spite NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 16 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 17 seroprevalence seroprevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 441 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 2 conclusion conclusion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 3 BT BT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 5 established establish VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 7 native native JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 8 sheep sheep NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 10 causes cause VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 11 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 12 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 13 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 14 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 16 farmers farmer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 442 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 443 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 443 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 443 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 443 4 concentrated concentrate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 443 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 443 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 443 7 southern southern JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 443 8 peninsula peninsula NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 443 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 443 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 443 11 country country NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 443 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 444 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 444 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 444 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 444 4 seasonal seasonal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 444 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 444 6 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 444 7 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 444 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 444 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 444 10 rain rain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 444 11 fall fall NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 444 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 445 1 Multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 445 2 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 445 3 appear appear VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 445 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 445 5 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 445 6 circulating circulate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 445 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 445 8 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 445 9 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 445 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 2 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 3 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 6 virulent virulent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 8 nature nature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 10 evident evident JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 12 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 13 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 446 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 1 S. S. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 2 Janardana Janardana NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 3 Reddy Reddy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 4 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 6 D. D. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 7 C. C. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 8 Reddy Reddy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 9 Department Department NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 11 Fishery Fishery NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 12 Science Science NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 14 Aquaculture Aquaculture NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 16 Sri Sri NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 17 Venkateswara Venkateswara NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 18 University University NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 20 Tirupati Tirupati NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 21 517 517 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 447 22 502 502 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 2 less less JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 3 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 4 Three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 5 decades decade NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 8 Penaeid Penaeid NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 9 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 10 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 11 industries industry NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 14 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 15 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 16 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 18 experimental experimental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 19 beginnings beginning NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 20 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 21 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 22 industries industry NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 23 providing provide VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 24 hundreds hundred NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 26 thousands thousand NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 28 jobs job NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 30 billions billion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 32 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 33 dollars dollar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 34 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 35 revenue revenue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 36 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 37 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 38 augmentation augmentation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 39 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 40 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 41 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 42 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 43 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 44 supply supply NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 45 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 46 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 47 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 48 value value NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 49 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 448 50 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 1 Concomitant concomitant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 2 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 4 growth growth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 7 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 8 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 9 industry industry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 10 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 11 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 13 recognition recognition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 16 ever ever RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 17 increasing increase VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 18 importance importance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 20 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 22 especially especially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 23 those those DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 24 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 25 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 26 infectious infectious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 27 agents agent NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 449 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 2 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 3 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 4 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 5 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 6 become become VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 7 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 8 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 9 limiting limit VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 10 factor factor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 11 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 12 growth growth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 14 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 15 aquaculture aquaculture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 16 industry industry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 450 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 1 Although although IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 2 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 3 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 4 30 30 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 5 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 6 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 7 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 8 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 9 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 10 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 12 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 13 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 15 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 16 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 17 wide wide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 19 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 20 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 21 few few JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 22 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 23 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 24 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 25 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 26 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 27 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 28 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 29 problems problem NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 31 cultured cultured JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 32 Tiger Tiger NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 33 shrimps shrimp NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 34 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 35 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 36 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 37 East East NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 38 Coast Coast NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 39 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 40 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 41 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 42 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 43 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 44 particular particular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 451 45 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 1 Diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 2 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 3 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 4 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 5 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 6 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 8 traditional traditional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 9 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 11 morphological morphological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 12 pathology pathology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 14 direct direct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 15 light light JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 16 microscopy microscopy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 18 histopathology histopathology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 21 Transmission Transmission NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 22 Electron Electron NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 23 Microscopy Microscopy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 26 enhancement enhancement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 28 bioassay bioassay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 29 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 31 traditional traditional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 32 microbiology microbiology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 33 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 34 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 35 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 36 application application NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 37 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 38 serological serological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 39 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 452 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 1 While while IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 2 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 3 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 5 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 7 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 9 standard standard JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 10 tool tool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 12 medical medical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 14 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 15 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 16 labs lab NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 19 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 20 never never RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 21 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 22 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 23 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 24 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 25 useable useable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 27 routine routine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 28 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 29 tool tool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 30 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 31 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 32 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 453 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 2 need need NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 3 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 4 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 6 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 7 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 8 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 9 led lead VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 10 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 12 application application NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 14 modern modern JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 15 biotechnology biotechnology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 16 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 17 Penaeid Penaeid NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 18 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 19 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 454 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 2 industry industry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 3 now now RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 4 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 5 modern modern JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 6 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 7 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 8 probes probe NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 10 nonradioactive nonradioactive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 11 labels label NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 12 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 13 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 14 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 15 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 16 Infectious infectious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 17 hypodermal hypodermal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 19 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 20 Necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 22 IHHNV IHHNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 25 Hepatopancreatic Hepatopancreatic NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 26 Virus Virus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 28 HPV HPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 31 Taura Taura NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 32 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 33 Virus Virus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 35 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 37 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 38 White White NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 39 Spot Spot NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 40 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 41 Virus Virus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 43 WSSV WSSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 45 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 46 Monodon Monodon NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 47 Baculo Baculo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 48 Virus Virus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 50 MBV MBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 52 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 53 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 54 BP BP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 455 55 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 1 Highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 2 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 3 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 4 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 6 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 7 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 8 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 9 employ employ VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 10 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 11 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 12 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 13 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 14 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 16 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 17 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 18 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 20 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 22 now now RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 23 exist exist VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 26 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 27 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 28 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 29 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 30 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 31 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 32 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 33 additional additional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 34 agents agent NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 456 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 2 advanced advanced JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 3 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 4 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 5 promise promise VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 7 provide provide VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 8 badly badly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 9 needed need VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 10 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 12 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 13 tools tool NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 14 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 15 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 16 industry industry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 17 reeling reel VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 19 catastrophic catastrophic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 20 epizootics epizootic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 22 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 23 must must MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 24 become become VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 25 poised poised JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 26 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 27 go go VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 28 on on RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 29 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 31 next next JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 32 phase phase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 33 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 34 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 35 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 36 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 37 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 38 industry industry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 39 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 40 must must MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 41 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 42 better well RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 43 able able JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 44 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 45 understand understand VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 46 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 47 manage manage VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 48 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 457 49 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 1 Within within IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 3 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 5 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 6 immunology immunology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 9 key key JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 10 element element NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 12 establishing establish VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 13 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 14 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 16 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 18 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 20 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 21 aquaculture aquaculture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 458 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 1 Research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 2 needs need VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 3 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 4 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 5 directed direct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 6 towards towards IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 8 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 10 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 12 evaluate evaluate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 14 monitor monitor VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 16 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 17 state state NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 19 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 459 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 2 establishment establishment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 4 regular regular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 5 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 6 checkups checkup NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 7 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 8 permit permit VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 10 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 12 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 13 immunodeficiencies immunodeficiency NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 14 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 15 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 16 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 17 help help VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 18 monitor monitor VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 20 improve improve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 21 environment environment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 22 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 460 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 461 1 For for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 461 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 461 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 461 4 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 461 5 effectors effector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 461 6 must must MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 461 7 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 461 8 first first RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 461 9 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 461 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 461 11 characterised characterise VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 461 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 3 end end NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 5 however however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 8 assumption assumption NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 9 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 11 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 12 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 14 sustainability sustainability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 16 aquaculture aquaculture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 17 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 18 depend depend VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 19 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 21 selection selection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 23 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 25 resistant resistant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 26 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 27 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 28 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 29 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 30 develop develop VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 31 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 32 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 33 immunology immunology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 34 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 35 genetics genetic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 36 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 37 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 38 same same JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 39 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 462 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 2 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 4 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 6 prophylaxis prophylaxis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 8 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 10 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 11 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 12 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 13 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 14 aided aid VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 15 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 17 establishment establishment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 19 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 20 collaborative collaborative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 21 network network NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 22 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 23 contribute contribute VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 24 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 25 progress progress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 27 basic basic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 28 knowledge knowledge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 30 penaeid penaeid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 31 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 463 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 3 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 4 improve improve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 5 efficiency efficiency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 8 appears appear VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 9 essential essential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 10 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 12 open open VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 13 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 14 network network NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 15 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 16 complementary complementary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 17 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 18 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 19 related relate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 20 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 21 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 22 pathology pathology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 24 physiology physiology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 26 genetics genetics NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 28 environment environment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 464 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 1 Bluetongue bluetongue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 3 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 4 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 5 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 6 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 8 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 9 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 10 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 11 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 12 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 13 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 15 farmers farmer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 465 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 466 1 Lack lack NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 466 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 466 3 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 466 4 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 466 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 466 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 466 7 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 466 8 impediments impediment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 466 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 466 10 controlling control VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 466 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 466 12 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 466 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 467 1 Multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 467 2 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 467 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 467 4 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 467 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 467 6 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 467 7 circulating circulate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 467 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 467 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 467 10 state state NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 467 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 1 Attempts attempt NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 2 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 3 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 4 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 6 develop develop VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 8 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 9 employing employ VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 11 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 12 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 13 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 14 control control VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 16 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 468 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 1 Hence hence RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 5 essential essential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 7 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 9 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 10 relationship relationship NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 11 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 13 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 15 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 17 candidate candidate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 18 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 19 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 20 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 21 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 22 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 25 preparation preparation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 27 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 469 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 1 Reciprocal reciprocal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 2 cross cross NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 3 neutralization neutralization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 4 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 6 employed employ VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 8 find find VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 9 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 11 R% r% NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 12 values value NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 13 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 14 BTV-2 BTV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 16 -9 -9 ADD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 18 -15 -15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 19 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 20 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 22 extent extent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 24 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 25 relationship relationship NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 26 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 28 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 470 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 1 R% r% NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 2 value value NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 3 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 4 BTV-2 BTV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 6 BTV-9 BTV-9 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 8 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 10 2.8 2.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 11 R% r% NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 12 value value NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 14 3.53 3.53 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 16 2.8 2.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 18 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 19 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 20 BTV-2 BTV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 22 -15 -15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 24 BTV-9 btv-9 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 26 -15 -15 RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 27 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 471 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 2 R% r% NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 3 values value NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 4 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 7 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 8 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 9 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 11 weak weak JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 12 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 13 relationship relationship NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 14 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 16 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 17 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 472 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 2 extent extent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 4 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 5 relationship relationship NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 6 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 8 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 9 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 10 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 11 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 12 determined determine VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 13 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 14 multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 15 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 16 alignment alignment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 19 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 21 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 22 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 23 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 26 reference reference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 27 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 28 serotypes serotypes NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 29 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 31 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 33 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 473 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 2 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 3 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 6 VP2 VP2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 7 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 8 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 9 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 10 homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 12 47 47 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 13 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 14 53 53 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 15 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 17 29 29 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 18 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 19 41 41 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 20 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 21 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 23 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 25 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 26 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 27 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 28 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 474 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 1 R% r% NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 2 values value NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 3 obtained obtain VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 4 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 5 reciprocal reciprocal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 6 cross cross JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 7 neutralization neutralization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 8 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 11 BTV-2 BTV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 13 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 15 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 16 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 17 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 19 native native JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 20 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 22 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 23 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 26 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 27 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 30 reference reference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 31 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 33 BTV-2 BTV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 34 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 35 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 36 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 37 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 38 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 39 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 40 weak weak JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 41 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 42 relationship relationship NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 43 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 44 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 45 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 46 divergent divergent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 475 47 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 1 Diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 2 especially especially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 3 those those DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 4 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 5 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 6 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 7 cause cause VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 8 greater great JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 9 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 10 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 12 most most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 13 horticultural horticultural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 14 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 15 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 16 throughout throughout IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 18 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 19 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 20 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 21 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 22 agricultural agricultural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 23 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 476 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 1 Non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 2 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 3 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 4 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 6 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 8 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 9 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 10 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 11 quarantine quarantine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 12 measures measure NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 14 eradication eradication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 16 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 17 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 19 weed weed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 20 hosts host NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 22 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 23 rotation rotation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 25 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 27 certified certify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 28 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 29 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 30 free free JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 31 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 32 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 33 planting planting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 34 stock stock NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 35 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 36 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 37 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 38 pesticides pesticide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 39 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 40 control control VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 41 insect insect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 42 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 43 populations population NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 44 implicated implicate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 45 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 46 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 47 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 48 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 477 49 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 3 none none NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 5 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 6 measures measure NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 8 likely likely JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 10 provide provide VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 11 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 12 enduring enduring JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 13 solution solution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 14 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 15 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 16 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 17 especially especially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 18 those those DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 19 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 20 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 21 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 22 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 23 sometimes sometimes RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 24 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 26 huge huge JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 27 expenditure expenditure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 28 involved involve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 30 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 31 mostly mostly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 32 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 33 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 34 questionable questionable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 35 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 36 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 37 reliability reliability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 38 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 39 those those DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 40 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 478 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 1 As as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 2 key key JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 3 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 4 pesticides pesticide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 5 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 6 getting get VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 7 increasingly increasingly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 8 abandoned abandon VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 10 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 12 alternative alternative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 13 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 15 control control VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 16 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 17 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 18 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 19 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 20 felt feel VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 21 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 22 need need NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 25 recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 26 past past NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 479 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 1 Though though IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 2 breeding breed VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 3 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 4 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 5 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 6 generally generally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 7 provides provide VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 9 reliable reliable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 10 security security NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 12 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 13 long long JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 14 run run NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 16 introgression introgression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 18 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 19 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 20 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 21 did do VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 22 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 23 materialise materialise VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 24 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 25 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 26 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 27 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 480 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 1 Non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 2 - - NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 3 availability availability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 5 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 6 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 7 source source NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 9 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 11 inter inter JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 12 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 13 fertile fertile JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 14 relatives relative NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 16 linkage linkage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 17 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 18 undesirable undesirable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 19 traits trait NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 21 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 22 often often RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 23 times time NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 24 polygenic polygenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 25 nature nature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 27 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 28 sources source NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 30 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 31 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 33 stumbling stumble VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 34 blocks block NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 35 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 36 breeding breed VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 37 programs program NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 481 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 2 limitations limitation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 4 conventional conventional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 5 breeding breeding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 7 routine routine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 8 cultural cultural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 9 practices practice NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 10 prompted prompt VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 12 need need NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 15 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 17 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 18 approaches approach NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 20 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 21 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 22 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 23 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 24 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 25 fully fully RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 26 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 27 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 28 traditional traditional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 29 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 482 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 3 perspective perspective NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 6 concept concept NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 8 pathogen pathogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 10 derived derive VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 11 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 12 offers offer VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 13 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 14 attractive attractive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 15 strategy strategy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 16 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 17 evolve evolve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 18 newer new JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 19 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 21 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 22 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 24 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 25 transforming transform VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 26 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 27 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 28 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 29 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 30 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 31 derived derive VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 32 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 33 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 34 pathogen pathogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 35 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 36 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 483 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 1 An an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 2 increasing increase VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 3 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 5 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 6 characterisation characterisation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 8 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 9 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 10 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 13 stable stable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 14 transformation transformation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 16 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 17 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 19 horticultural horticultural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 20 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 21 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 22 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 24 fact fact NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 25 opened open VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 26 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 27 avenue avenue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 28 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 29 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 30 breeding breed VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 31 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 32 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 33 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 484 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 1 Successful successful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 2 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 4 testing testing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 6 genetically genetically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 7 modified modify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 8 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 9 cultivars cultivar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 10 renders render VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 11 proof proof NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 14 supremacy supremacy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 15 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 16 existing exist VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 17 cultivars cultivar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 485 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 2 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 3 contributes contribute VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 5 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 6 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 7 capability capability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 9 regard regard NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 10 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 11 environmental environmental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 12 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 15 view view NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 16 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 17 winning win VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 18 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 19 public public JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 20 concern concern NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 22 scepticism scepticism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 486 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 2 general general JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 5 eventual eventual JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 6 commercialisation commercialisation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 7 transgenic transgenic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 8 lines line NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 9 expressing express VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 11 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 12 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 13 rely rely VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 14 upon upon IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 15 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 16 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 18 factors factor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 19 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 21 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 22 performance performance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 24 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 25 stability stability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 27 public public JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 28 acceptance acceptance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 31 resolution resolution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 33 environmental environmental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 34 concerns concern NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 35 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 36 patent patent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 37 related relate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 38 issues issue NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 487 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 1 As as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 2 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 4 elaborate elaborate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 5 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 6 trials trial NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 8 allied ally VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 9 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 10 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 11 now now RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 12 required require VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 13 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 14 adapt adapt VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 15 genetically genetically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 16 engineered engineer VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 17 horticultural horticultural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 18 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 19 expressing express VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 20 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 21 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 22 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 24 implementation implementation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 25 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 26 practical practical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 27 agriculture agriculture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 488 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 2 few few JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 3 examples example NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 4 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 5 current current JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 6 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 7 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 8 TNAU TNAU NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 11 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 12 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 13 elsewhere elsewhere RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 14 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 15 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 16 discussed discuss VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 18 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 19 presentation presentation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 489 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 490 1 Virology Virology NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 490 2 Unit Unit NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 490 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 490 4 Division Division NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 490 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 490 6 Plant Plant NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 490 7 Pathology Pathology NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 490 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 490 9 IARI IARI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 490 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 490 11 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 490 12 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 490 13 12 12 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 2 recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 3 times time NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 4 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 5 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 6 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 7 greater great JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 8 emphasis emphasis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 9 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 10 vegetatively vegetatively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 11 propagated propagate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 12 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 14 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 15 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 16 help help VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 17 diversify diversify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 19 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 20 agriculture agriculture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 491 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 1 Fruit fruit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 3 flower flower NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 5 spice spice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 7 plantation plantation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 8 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 9 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 10 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 11 vegetatively vegetatively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 12 propagated propagate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 13 horticultural horticultural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 14 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 16 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 17 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 18 become become VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 19 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 20 driving drive VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 21 force force NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 22 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 23 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 24 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 26 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 27 parts part NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 29 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 492 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 3 most most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 6 vegetatively vegetatively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 7 propagated propagate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 8 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 9 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 10 threatened threaten VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 12 biotic biotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 13 stress stress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 14 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 15 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 16 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 17 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 19 general general JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 21 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 22 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 24 particular particular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 493 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 1 Plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 2 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 3 produce produce VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 4 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 6 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 7 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 8 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 11 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 12 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 13 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 14 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 15 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 16 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 494 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 1 Correct correct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 2 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 4 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 6 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 7 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 8 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 9 first first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 10 step step NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 13 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 15 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 16 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 17 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 18 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 19 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 495 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 1 There there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 2 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 3 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 4 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 5 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 6 breakthroughs breakthrough NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 8 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 9 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 10 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 11 last last JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 12 four four CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 13 decades decade NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 496 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 2 first first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 3 one one NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 5 serological serological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 6 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 7 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 8 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 9 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 10 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 11 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 13 enzyme enzyme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 14 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 15 immunosorbent immunosorbent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 16 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 18 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 22 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 23 one one NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 24 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 26 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 28 in in FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 29 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 30 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 32 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 33 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 34 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 35 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 36 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 38 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 497 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 2 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 3 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 5 serological serological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 6 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 7 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 8 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 9 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 10 simplification simplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 12 form form NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 14 user user NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 15 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 16 friendly friendly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 17 quick quick JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 18 strip strip NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 19 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 20 dip dip NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 21 stick stick NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 22 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 498 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 2 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 4 step step NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 5 lateral lateral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 6 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 7 flow flow NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 9 LF lf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 11 tests test NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 12 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 13 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 14 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 17 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 18 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 19 site site NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 20 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 22 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 24 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 25 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 26 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 499 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 1 Rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 2 advancement advancement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 5 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 6 characterization characterization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 7 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 8 led lead VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 9 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 11 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 13 novel novel JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 14 approaches approach NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 16 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 17 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 18 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 19 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 20 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 21 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 22 conventional conventional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 23 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 25 real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 26 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 27 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 29 multiplex multiplex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 30 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 31 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 32 micro micro JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 33 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 34 macro macro JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 35 arrays array NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 36 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 37 biochips biochip NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 500 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 1 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 2 protocols protocol NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 3 already already RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 4 exist exist VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 6 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 7 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 8 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 10 citrus citrus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 12 banana banana NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 14 apple apple NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 16 papaya papaya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 18 vegetables vegetable NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 20 ornamental ornamental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 22 spice spice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 23 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 501 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 2 further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 3 advancement advancement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 4 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 5 led lead VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 7 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 9 realtime realtime NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 10 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 11 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 12 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 13 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 14 relatively relatively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 15 easy easy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 16 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 17 requires require VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 18 training training NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 19 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 20 diagnosticians diagnostician NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 502 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 2 real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 4 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 5 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 6 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 8 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 9 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 11 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 12 within within IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 13 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 14 min min NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 503 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 504 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 504 2 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 504 3 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 504 4 template template NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 504 5 preparation preparation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 504 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 504 7 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 504 8 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 504 9 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 504 10 simplified simplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 504 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 1 Membrane membrane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 2 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 3 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 4 template template NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 5 protocol protocol NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 7 co co NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 8 - - NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 9 isolation isolation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 11 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 12 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 13 template template NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 14 preparation preparation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 15 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 16 novel novel JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 17 approaches approach NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 19 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 20 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 22 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 24 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 25 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 26 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 505 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 1 Since since IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 2 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 5 horticultural horticultural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 6 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 7 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 8 often often RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 9 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 11 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 12 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 13 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 17 individual individual JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 18 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 19 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 20 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 21 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 22 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 23 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 24 expensive expensive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 25 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 26 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 27 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 28 consuming consume VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 506 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 3 multiplex multiplex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 4 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 5 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 6 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 7 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 8 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 10 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 12 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 13 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 14 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 15 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 16 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 17 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 18 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 20 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 23 same same JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 24 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 25 mixture mixture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 507 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 1 Development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 3 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 4 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 5 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 6 chip chip NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 8 now now RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 9 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 12 fastest fast JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 14 recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 15 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 16 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 19 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 21 pathogen pathogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 22 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 508 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 2 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 3 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 4 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 5 chips chip NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 6 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 7 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 8 named name VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 10 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 11 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 13 chips chip NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 15 Biochips Biochips NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 17 Genechips Genechips NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 19 Biosensors biosensor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 20 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 21 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 22 arrays array NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 509 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 1 When when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 3 comes come VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 4 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 5 applications application NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 7 microarray microarray NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 8 technology technology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 10 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 11 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 14 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 15 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 16 too too RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 17 difficult difficult JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 18 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 19 see see VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 21 value value NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 23 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 24 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 25 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 26 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 27 potentially potentially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 28 detect detect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 29 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 30 whole whole JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 31 range range NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 33 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 34 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 35 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 36 single single JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 37 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 510 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 3 microarrays microarray NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 5 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 7 become become VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 9 only only JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 10 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 12 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 15 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 16 laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 511 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 1 processing processing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 3 germplasm germplasm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 4 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 5 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 6 planting planting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 7 material material NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 8 imported import VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 10 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 11 purposes purpose NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 12 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 14 country country NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 512 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 1 During during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 3 last last JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 4 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 5 decades decade NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 8 total total NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 10 49,923 49,923 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 11 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 13 wheat wheat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 14 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 15 transgenics transgenic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 17 imported import VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 19 CIMMYT CIMMYT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 21 Mexico Mexico NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 24 ICARDA ICARDA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 26 Syria Syria NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 29 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 30 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 31 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 513 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 3 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 5 post post JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 6 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 7 entry entry JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 8 quarantine quarantine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 9 nursery nursery NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 10 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 11 year year NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 12 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 13 NBPGR NBPGR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 15 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 16 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 19 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 20 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 21 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 22 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 24 National National NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 25 Containment Containment NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 26 Facility Facility NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 28 level-4 level-4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 30 CL-4 CL-4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 32 since since IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 33 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 34 inception inception NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 35 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 36 ensure ensure VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 37 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 38 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 39 viable viable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 40 biological biological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 41 material material NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 42 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 43 pollen pollen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 44 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 45 pathogen pathogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 46 enters enter VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 47 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 48 leaves leave VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 49 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 50 facility facility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 51 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 52 quarantine quarantine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 53 processing processing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 54 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 55 transgenics transgenic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 514 56 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 2 addition addition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 4 post post JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 5 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 6 entry entry JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 7 quarantine quarantine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 8 inspections inspection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 11 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 12 wheat wheat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 13 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 14 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 15 indenters indenter NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 16 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 17 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 18 undertaken undertake VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 19 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 20 NBPGR NBPGR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 21 quarantine quarantine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 22 scientists scientist NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 515 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 1 Virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 3 Induced induce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 4 Gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 5 Silencing silencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 7 VIGS VIGS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 11 technique technique NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 13 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 14 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 15 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 16 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 17 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 19 usually usually RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 20 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 21 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 22 modifications modification NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 24 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 25 transient transient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 26 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 27 silencing silencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 28 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 29 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 516 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 2 mechanism mechanism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 3 behind behind IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 4 VIGS VIGS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 7 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 8 called call VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 11 interference interference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 13 RNAi RNAi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 16 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 17 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 18 widespread widespread JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 20 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 21 organisms organism NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 23 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 24 believed believe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 25 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 26 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 27 form form NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 29 inherent inherent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 30 defence defence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 31 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 32 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 33 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 34 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 35 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 36 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 37 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 38 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 39 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 40 transposons transposon NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 517 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 1 Double double JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 3 stranded strand VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 5 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 7 containing contain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 8 strong strong JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 9 secondary secondary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 10 structures structure NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 12 commonly commonly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 13 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 14 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 15 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 16 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 18 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 19 believed believe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 20 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 21 cause cause VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 22 triggering trigger VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 24 RNAi RNAi NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 26 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 27 employs employ VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 28 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 29 battery battery NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 31 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 33 nucleoprotein nucleoprotein NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 34 complexes complex NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 35 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 36 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 37 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 38 degrade degrade VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 39 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 40 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 41 transcripts transcript NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 518 42 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 2 VIGS VIGS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 4 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 5 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 6 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 7 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 8 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 9 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 11 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 12 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 13 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 14 accumulate accumulate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 16 spread spread VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 17 efficiently efficiently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 20 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 21 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 22 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 23 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 24 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 25 vectors vector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 27 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 28 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 29 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 30 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 31 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 32 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 33 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 34 introduced introduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 35 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 36 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 37 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 519 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 1 Upon upon IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 2 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 5 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 6 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 7 triggers trigger VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 8 RNAi RNAi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 9 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 12 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 13 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 15 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 16 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 17 targets target VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 19 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 20 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 22 leading lead VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 23 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 24 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 25 silencing silencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 27 subsequently subsequently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 30 silenced silence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 31 phenotype phenotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 32 revealing reveal VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 33 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 34 function function NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 35 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 36 vivo vivo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 520 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 1 VIGS VIGS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 2 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 3 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 4 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 5 extensively extensively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 7 study study VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 8 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 9 functions function NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 11 dicot dicot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 12 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 14 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 15 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 16 tobacco tobacco NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 18 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 20 pea pea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 22 soybean soybean NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 24 etc etc FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 521 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 1 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 2 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 3 vectors vector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 4 derived derive VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 6 Reference reference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 7 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 8 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 9 commonly commonly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 10 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 11 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 12 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 13 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 15 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 16 normalisation normalisation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 17 measure measure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 18 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 20 relative relative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 21 quantification quantification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 23 target target NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 24 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 522 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 2 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 4 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 7 seven seven CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 8 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 9 reference reference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 10 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 12 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 14 tissues tissue NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 16 180 180 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 17 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 19 physiologically physiologically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 20 stressed stressed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 22 Barley Barley NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 23 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 24 dwarf dwarf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 25 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 27 BYDV BYDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 29 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 30 cereal cereal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 31 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 523 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 2 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 4 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 6 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 8 qPCR qPCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 10 ranked rank VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 11 according accord VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 12 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 14 stability stability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 17 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 19 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 21 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 22 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 23 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 24 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 26 Two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 27 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 28 way way NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 29 ANOVA anova NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 31 GeNorm genorm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 33 NormFinder NormFinder NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 34 tools tool NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 524 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 2 most most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 3 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 6 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 8 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 11 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 12 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 13 did do VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 14 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 15 depend depend VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 16 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 18 abiotic abiotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 19 stress stress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 20 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 21 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 22 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 24 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 25 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 525 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 1 All all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 3 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 4 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 5 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 6 differences difference NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 8 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 10 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 12 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 13 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 14 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 526 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 1 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 2 dehydrogenase dehydrogenase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 4 GAPDH GAPDH NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 7 Beta beta NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 8 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 9 tubulin tubulin JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 11 TUBB TUBB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 14 18S 18S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 15 ribosomal ribosomal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 16 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 18 18S 18S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 19 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 21 always always RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 22 ranked rank VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 23 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 25 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 26 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 27 stable stable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 28 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 527 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 1 On on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 3 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 4 hand hand NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 6 Elongation Elongation NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 7 factor-1 factor-1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 8 alpha alpha NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 10 EF1A EF1A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 13 Eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 14 initiation initiation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 15 factor factor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 16 4a 4a CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 18 EIF4A EIF4A NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 22 28S 28S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 23 ribosomal ribosomal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 26 28S 28S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 27 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 29 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 30 barley barley NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 32 oat oat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 33 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 34 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 35 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 36 Beta beta NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 37 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 38 tubulin tubulin JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 40 TUBB TUBB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 42 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 43 wheat wheat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 44 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 45 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 46 consistently consistently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 47 ranked rank VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 48 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 49 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 50 less less RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 51 reliable reliable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 52 controls control NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 528 53 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 2 BYDV BYDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 3 titre titre NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 5 determined determine VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 7 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 8 oat oat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 9 varieties variety NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 11 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 13 qPCR qPCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 14 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 15 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 16 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 17 quantification quantification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 18 approaches approach NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 529 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 1 Statistically statistically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 3 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 5 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 6 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 7 differences difference NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 8 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 10 absolute absolute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 13 relative relative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 14 quantification quantification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 16 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 17 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 18 quantification quantification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 19 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 20 GAPDH GAPDH NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 21 + + SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 22 TUBB TUBB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 23 + + CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 24 TUBA TUBA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 25 +18S +18S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 26 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 28 EF1A EF1A NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 530 29 + + CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 531 1 EIF4A EIF4A NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 531 2 + + CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 532 1 28S 28S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 532 2 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 532 3 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 2 geometric geometric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 3 average average NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 5 GAPDH GAPDH NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 7 18S 18S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 8 rRNA rrna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 10 TUBA TUBA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 12 TUBB TUBB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 13 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 14 suitable suitable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 16 normalisation normalisation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 18 BYDV BYDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 19 quantification quantification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 21 barley barley NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 23 oat oat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 24 tissues tissue NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 533 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 1 For for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 2 wheat wheat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 3 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 6 combination combination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 8 GAPDH GAPDH NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 10 18S 18S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 11 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 13 TUBB TUBB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 15 EIF4A EIF4A NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 17 E1FA E1FA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 18 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 19 recommended recommend VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 534 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 535 1 Department Department NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 535 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 535 3 Microbiology Microbiology NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 535 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 535 5 Yogi Yogi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 535 6 Vemana Vemana NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 535 7 University University NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 535 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 535 9 Vemanapuram Vemanapuram NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 535 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 535 11 Kadapa Kadapa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 535 12 516 516 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 535 13 003 003 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 1 Large large JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 2 scale scale NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 3 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 5 import import NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 7 propagative propagative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 8 material material NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 9 poses pose VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 10 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 11 risk risk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 13 introducing introduce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 14 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 15 destructive destructive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 16 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 17 particularly particularly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 18 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 20 Mycoplasma Mycoplasma NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 21 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 22 organisms organism NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 24 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 25 country country NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 536 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 2 demands demand VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 3 adequate adequate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 4 quarantine quarantine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 5 safe safe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 6 guards guard NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 7 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 8 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 9 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 10 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 11 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 12 approved approve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 13 post post JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 14 entry entry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 15 quarantine quarantine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 16 facility facility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 17 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 18 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 19 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 20 so so IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 21 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 22 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 23 facilitate facilitate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 24 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 25 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 27 thereby thereby RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 28 curtailing curtail VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 29 risk risk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 537 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 1 When when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 2 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 3 facilities facility NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 5 coupled couple VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 7 propagation propagation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 9 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 10 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 11 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 12 ensure ensure VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 13 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 14 free free JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 15 propagative propagative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 16 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 17 material material NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 538 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 2 requirement requirement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 4 nationwide nationwide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 5 network network NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 7 post post NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 8 entry entry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 9 quarantine quarantine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 10 facility facility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 11 working work VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 13 close close JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 14 collaboration collaboration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 16 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 17 institutions institution NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 18 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 19 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 20 much much RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 21 emphasized emphasize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 22 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 23 considering consider VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 24 import import NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 26 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 27 risk risk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 28 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 29 genera genus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 30 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 31 agriculture agriculture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 32 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 539 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 1 Present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 2 paper paper NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 3 discusses discuss VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 4 about about IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 5 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 6 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 8 quarantine quarantine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 9 importance importance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 10 affecting affect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 11 ornamental ornamental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 13 fruit fruit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 14 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 15 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 16 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 17 Chrysanthimum Chrysanthimum NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 19 Dahlia Dahlia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 21 Dianthus Dianthus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 23 Rosabengalensis Rosabengalensis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 25 Cattleya Cattleya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 27 Cymbidium Cymbidium NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 29 Dendrobium Dendrobium NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 31 Lilium Lilium NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 33 Citrus Citrus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 34 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 35 Vitis Vitis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 36 etc etc FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 540 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 2 paper paper NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 3 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 4 discusses discuss VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 5 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 6 immunodiagnostic immunodiagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 7 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 9 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 11 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 13 obtaining obtain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 15 free free JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 16 propagative propagative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 17 material material NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 541 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 1 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 2 tungro tungro NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 3 occurs occur VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 4 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 5 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 7 regular regular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 8 cycles cycle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 10 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 11 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 12 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 15 last last JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 16 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 17 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 19 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 21 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 22 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 23 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 24 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 26 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 27 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 28 especially especially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 29 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 32 southern southern JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 33 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 34 eastern eastern JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 35 states state NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 542 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 1 Development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 4 durable durable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 5 resistant resistant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 6 varieties variety NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 8 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 10 crucial crucial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 11 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 13 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 16 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 543 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 1 Molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 2 breeding breeding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 4 involving involve VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 6 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 8 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 9 markers marker NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 10 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 13 resistant resistant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 14 gene(s gene(s NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 16 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 17 selection selection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 19 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 20 overcome overcome VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 22 difficulties difficulty NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 23 encountered encounter VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 24 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 25 conventional conventional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 26 resistant resistant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 27 breeding breeding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 28 programs program NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 544 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 1 For for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 2 successful successful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 3 marker marker NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 5 assisted assist VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 6 selection selection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 8 MAS MAS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 12 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 14 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 15 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 16 markers marker NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 17 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 19 process process NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 21 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 22 tagging tagging NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 24 mapping mapping NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 25 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 26 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 27 prerequisite prerequisite NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 545 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 1 Attempts attempt NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 2 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 3 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 4 initiated initiate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 6 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 8 tungro tungro JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 9 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 10 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 11 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 12 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 13 mapping mapping NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 16 introgression introgression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 17 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 19 target target NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 20 varieties variety NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 21 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 22 marker marker NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 23 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 24 assisted assist VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 25 selection selection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 26 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 27 DRR DRR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 29 Hyderabad Hyderabad NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 546 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 2 inheritance inheritance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 4 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 5 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 6 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 7 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 8 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 9 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 10 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 11 studied study VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 13 seven seven CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 14 resistant resistant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 15 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 16 cultivars cultivar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 18 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 19 evaluation evaluation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 20 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 21 hot hot JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 22 spot spot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 23 locations location NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 547 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 2 microsatellite microsatellite JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 3 markers marker NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 4 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 5 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 6 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 7 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 8 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 10 Utri Utri NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 11 Merah Merah NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 13 studied study VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 15 found find VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 16 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 17 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 18 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 19 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 20 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 21 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 22 RM RM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 23 336 336 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 24 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 25 chromosome chromosome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 26 7 7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 548 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 1 Through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 2 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 3 mapping mapping NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 4 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 5 QTL QTL NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 7 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 8 controlling control VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 9 RTV RTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 10 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 11 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 12 chromosomes chromosome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 13 7 7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 15 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 17 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 18 Utri Utri NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 19 Rajapan Rajapan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 20 ' ' POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 21 explaining explain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 22 40.8 40.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 23 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 25 21.6 21.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 26 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 29 phenotypic phenotypic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 30 variance variance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 549 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 2 variety variety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 3 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 4 Vikramarya Vikramarya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 5 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 7 another another DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 8 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 9 QTL QTL NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 11 RTV RTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 12 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 13 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 14 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 15 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 16 chromosomes chromosome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 17 7 7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 19 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 20 explaining explain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 21 18.7 18.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 22 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 24 16.4 16.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 25 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 28 phenotypic phenotypic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 29 variance variance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 550 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 2 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 3 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 4 markers marker NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 5 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 7 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 8 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 9 flanking flank VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 11 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 13 interest interest NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 14 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 15 mapping mapping NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 16 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 17 improve improve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 19 efficiency efficiency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 21 precision precision NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 23 introgression introgression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 24 programs program NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 26 marker marker NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 27 assisted assist VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 28 breeding breeding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 29 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 30 RTV RTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 31 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 551 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 552 1 Functional functional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 552 2 characterization characterization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 552 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 552 4 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 552 5 QTL QTL NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 552 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 552 7 RTV RTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 552 8 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 552 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 552 10 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 552 11 progress progress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 552 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 1 There there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 3 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 5 limited limited JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 6 pool pool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 8 natural natural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 9 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 10 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 12 Cassava Cassava NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 13 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 14 cassava cassava NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 15 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 16 geminiviruses geminiviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 18 cassava cassava NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 19 brown brown JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 553 20 streak streak NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 554 1 Ipomovirus Ipomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 1 hence hence RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 3 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 5 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 6 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 8 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 9 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 10 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 11 might may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 12 present present VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 13 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 14 option option NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 555 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 2 mediated mediate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 3 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 4 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 6 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 8 inverted inverted JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 10 repeat repeat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 11 dsRNA dsrna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 12 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 13 derived derive VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 14 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 16 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 17 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 20 modification modification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 22 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 23 microRNA microRNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 24 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 25 produce produce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 26 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 27 artificial artificial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 556 28 microRNA microRNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 1 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 2 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 3 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 4 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 5 recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 6 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 7 proven prove VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 8 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 9 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 11 induction induction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 13 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 14 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 16 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 18 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 19 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 20 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 23 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 557 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 1 Results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 2 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 4 interference interference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 5 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 6 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 7 geminiviruses geminiviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 8 never never RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 9 resulted result VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 11 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 13 transgenes transgene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 558 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 4 suggest suggest VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 5 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 6 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 7 mRNA mrna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 8 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 9 targets target NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 12 silencing silencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 14 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 16 success success NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 19 strategy strategy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 20 depends depend VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 21 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 23 relevance relevance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 26 target target NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 27 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 28 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 30 systemic systemic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 31 spread spread NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 33 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 34 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 559 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 2 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 3 generated generate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 5 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 8 silencing silencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 9 constructs construct NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 11 induce induce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 12 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 13 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 14 CBSV CBSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 17 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 18 cassava cassava NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 19 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 20 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 21 ICMV ICMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 23 SLCMV SLCMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 560 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 1 Due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 2 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 4 serious serious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 5 problems problem NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 6 inherent inherent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 8 transformation transformation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 10 cassava cassava NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 12 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 13 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 14 screening screening NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 16 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 17 constructs construct NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 18 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 19 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 20 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 21 efficiency efficiency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 22 either either CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 23 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 24 transient transient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 25 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 26 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 27 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 28 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 29 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 31 N. N. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 32 benthamiana benthamiana NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 561 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 1 Complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 2 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 4 reached reach VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 6 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 7 N. n. NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 8 benthamiana benthamiana NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 9 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 10 CBSV CBSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 11 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 12 inverted inverted JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 13 repeat repeat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 14 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 15 amiRNA amirna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 16 constructs construct NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 562 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 1 Using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 2 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 3 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 5 CBSV CBSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 7 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 8 screening screening NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 10 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 12 broken break VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 15 show show VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 17 minimum minimum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 18 context context NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 19 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 20 broad broad JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 21 spectrum spectrum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 22 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 563 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 564 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 564 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 564 3 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 564 4 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 564 5 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 564 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 564 7 reached reach VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 564 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 564 9 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 564 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 564 11 amiRNA amiRNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 564 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 2 contrast contrast NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 5 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 6 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 7 ICMV/ ICMV/ NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 8 SLCMV SLCMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 9 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 10 single single JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 11 amiRNA amirna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 12 constructs construct NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 14 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 15 successful successful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 565 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 1 Results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 2 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 4 experiments experiment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 6 generate generate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 8 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 9 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 10 CBSV CBSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 12 ICMV ICMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 13 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 14 SLCMV SLCMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 15 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 16 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 17 shown show VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 18 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 19 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 20 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 21 evaluate evaluate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 22 efficiency efficiency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 24 RNAi RNAi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 25 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 26 constructs construct NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 27 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 28 transient transient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 29 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 30 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 31 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 32 N. N. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 33 benthamiana benthamiana NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 34 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 35 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 36 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 37 develop develop VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 38 efficient efficient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 39 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 40 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 41 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 42 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 43 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 44 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 45 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 46 cassava cassava NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 47 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 48 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 49 discussed discuss VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 566 50 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 1 Bitter bitter JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 2 gourd gourd NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 4 Momordica Momordica NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 5 charantia charantia NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 6 L. L. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 8 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 10 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 11 called call VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 12 bitter bitter JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 13 melon melon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 15 balsam balsam NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 16 apple apple NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 18 balsam balsam NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 19 pear pear NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 20 belongs belong VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 21 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 22 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 23 cucurbitaceae cucurbitaceae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 567 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 3 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 4 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 5 traditional traditional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 6 vegetable vegetable NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 8 nutritive nutritive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 10 medicinal medicinal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 11 value value NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 12 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 13 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 14 cultivated cultivate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 16 tropical tropical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 18 sub sub JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 19 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 20 tropical tropical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 21 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 23 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 24 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 25 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 26 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 27 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 28 weed weed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 29 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 30 reservoir reservoir NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 31 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 32 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 33 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 34 Jamaica Jamaica NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 568 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 1 Viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 4 like like JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 5 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 7 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 8 occurring occur VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 9 naturally naturally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 10 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 12 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 14 bitter bitter JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 15 gourd gourd NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 16 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 19 fields field NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 21 Northern Northern NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 22 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 23 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 24 2007 2007 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 25 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 26 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 569 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 1 An an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 2 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 4 78.5 78.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 5 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 7 diseased diseased JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 8 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 10 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 11 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 12 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 13 chlorotic chlorotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 14 spots spot NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 16 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 17 ranging range VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 19 mild mild JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 20 mottling mottling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 21 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 22 green green JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 23 blisters blister NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 24 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 25 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 26 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 27 smalling smalling NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 29 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 31 fruit fruit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 32 deformations deformation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 33 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 34 bud bud NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 35 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 36 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 37 stunted stunted JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 38 growth growth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 39 whereas whereas IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 40 20.2 20.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 41 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 42 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 43 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 44 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 45 curling curling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 46 alone alone RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 47 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 48 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 49 combination combination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 50 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 51 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 52 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 53 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 54 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 570 55 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 2 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 4 34.5 34.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 5 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 7 fruit fruit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 8 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 10 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 12 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 13 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 14 like like JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 15 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 16 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 17 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 18 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 19 attributed attribute VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 20 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 21 lesser less JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 22 fruit fruit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 23 setting set VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 24 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 25 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 26 bud bud NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 27 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 29 smaller small JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 30 fruit fruit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 31 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 33 stunted stunted JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 34 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 35 growth growth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 571 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 1 Such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 2 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 3 produced produce VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 4 deformed deform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 6 notched notch VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 8 irregularly irregularly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 9 shaped shape VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 10 fruits fruit NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 11 wherein wherein WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 12 pre pre JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 13 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 14 mature mature JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 15 yellowing yellowing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 17 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 18 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 20 anterior anterior JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 22 posteriors posterior NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 23 ends end VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 24 made make VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 25 22.4 22.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 26 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 27 fruits fruit NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 28 unfit unfit JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 29 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 30 marketability marketability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 572 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 2 dwindling dwindle VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 3 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 5 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 7 unmarketable unmarketable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 8 fruits fruit NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 9 posed pose VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 11 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 12 constraint constraint NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 14 profitable profitable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 15 cultivation cultivation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 17 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 18 economically economically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 19 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 20 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 22 thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 23 warranting warrant VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 24 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 25 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 26 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 27 etiology etiology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 29 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 31 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 32 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 573 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 2 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 4 like like JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 5 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 7 transmitted transmit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 9 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 10 seedlings seedling NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 12 bitter bitter JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 13 gourd gourd NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 14 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 15 2-leaves 2-leaves CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 16 stage stage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 17 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 18 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 19 inoculation inoculation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 20 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 21 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 22 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 23 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 24 aphid aphid NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 25 viz viz NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 574 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 575 1 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 575 2 Myzus Myzus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 575 3 persicae persicae NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 575 4 Sulz Sulz NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 575 5 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 576 1 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 576 2 Aphis Aphis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 576 3 gossypii gossypii NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 576 4 Glov Glov NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 576 5 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 1 initially initially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 2 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 4 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 5 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 7 optimize optimize VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 8 protocols protocol NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 10 efficient efficient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 11 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 12 regeneration regeneration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 14 Agrobacterium agrobacterium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 16 mediated mediate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 17 transformation transformation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 18 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 19 Nagpur Nagpur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 20 sweet sweet JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 21 orange orange NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 23 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 24 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 25 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 26 popular popular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 28 elite elite JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 29 citrus citrus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 30 cultivar cultivar NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 31 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 32 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 577 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 1 Organogenesis organogenesis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 3 induced induce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 5 etiolated etiolated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 6 epicotyl epicotyl NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 7 explants explant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 9 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 11 month month NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 13 old old JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 14 axenically axenically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 15 raised raise VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 16 polyembryonic polyembryonic NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 17 seedlings seedling NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 18 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 19 culturing culture VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 20 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 22 MT MT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 23 medium medium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 24 supplemented supplement VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 25 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 26 30 30 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 27 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 28 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 29 l l NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 30 sucrose sucrose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 31 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 32 varying vary VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 33 concentrations concentration NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 34 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 35 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 36 hormones hormone NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 578 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 3 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 5 BAP BAP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 6 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 7 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 8 mg mg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 9 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 10 l l NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 11 without without IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 12 auxin auxin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 14 best good JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 16 efficient efficient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 17 shoot shoot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 18 regeneration regeneration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 20 Citrus Citrus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 21 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 22 epicotyl epicotyl NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 23 explants explant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 579 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 2 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 3 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 4 regeneration regeneration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 5 frequency frequency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 7 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 9 multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 10 shoot shoot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 11 formation formation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 13 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 14 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 15 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 17 cut cut NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 18 ends end NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 20 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 22 explants explant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 580 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 1 An an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 2 average average NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 4 8.24 8.24 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 5 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 6 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 7 differentiated differentiate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 8 shoots shoot NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 9 per per IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 10 explant explant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 12 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 14 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 16 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 17 rooted root VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 18 normally normally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 19 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 21 influence influence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 23 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 24 mg mg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 25 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 26 l l NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 27 IBA IBA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 581 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 2 improved improve VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 3 regeneration regeneration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 4 protocol protocol NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 6 utilized utilize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 8 standardizing standardize VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 9 Agrobacterium agrobacterium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 11 mediated mediate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 12 transformation transformation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 14 citrus citrus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 15 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 16 A. a. NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 17 tumefaciens tumefaciens NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 18 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 19 EHA EHA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 20 105 105 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 22 containing contain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 23 binary binary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 24 plasmid plasmid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 25 pCAMBIA pcambia RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 26 2301 2301 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 27 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 28 harbors harbor VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 29 GUS GUS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 30 reporter reporter NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 31 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 33 NPT NPT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 34 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 35 II II NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 36 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 37 selection selection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 38 marker marker NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 39 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 582 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 1 One one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 3 month month NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 5 old old JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 6 epicotyl epicotyl NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 7 explants explant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 8 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 10 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 12 night night NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 13 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 14 Agrobacterium Agrobacterium NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 16 A a NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 17 600 600 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 18 0.6 0.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 19 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 20 0.8 0.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 22 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 23 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 24 min min NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 26 co co JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 27 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 28 cultured cultured JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 29 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 30 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 31 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 32 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 33 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 34 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 35 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 36 optimum optimum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 37 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 38 transformation transformation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 39 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 40 assessed assess VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 41 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 42 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 43 basis basis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 44 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 45 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 46 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 47 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 48 GUS GUS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 49 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 50 displayed display VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 51 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 52 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 53 stem stem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 54 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 55 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 56 sections section NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 57 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 58 putative putative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 59 transgenics transgenic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 583 60 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 584 1 Overall overall JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 584 2 transformation transformation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 584 3 frequency frequency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 584 4 ranged range VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 584 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 584 6 38 38 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 584 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 584 8 48 48 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 584 9 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 584 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 1 Current current JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 2 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 3 focuses focus VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 4 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 6 generation generation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 8 citrus citrus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 9 transgenics transgenic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 11 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 12 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 13 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 14 A. a. NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 15 tumefaciens tumefaciens NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 16 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 17 EHA EHA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 18 105 105 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 19 containing contain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 20 binary binary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 21 plasmid plasmid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 22 pBinAR pBinAR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 23 harboring harbor VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 24 portion portion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 26 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 27 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 28 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 30 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 32 NPT NPT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 33 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 34 II II NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 35 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 36 employing employ VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 37 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 38 standardized standardized JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 39 protocols protocol NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 585 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 1 Several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 2 putative putative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 3 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 4 shoots shoot NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 6 recovered recover VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 7 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 8 selection selection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 9 medium medium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 11 they -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 12 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 13 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 14 utilized utilize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 16 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 17 analyses analysis NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 19 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 20 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 21 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 586 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 1 Work work NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 3 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 5 progress progress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 6 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 8 generation generation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 10 Citrus Citrus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 11 transformants transformant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 12 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 13 RNAi RNAi NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 14 construct construct VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 15 harboring harbor VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 16 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 17 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 19 p23 p23 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 20 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 22 singly singly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 24 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 25 conjunction conjunction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 587 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 2 lab lab NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 4 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 5 involved involve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 7 developing develop VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 8 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 9 transgenics transgenic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 11 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 12 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 13 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 14 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 15 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 17 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 18 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 19 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 22 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 23 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 25 widespread widespread JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 26 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 27 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 29 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 31 South South NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 33 Southeast Southeast NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 34 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 35 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 36 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 37 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 38 annual annual JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 39 estimated estimate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 40 loss loss NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 41 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 42 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 43 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 44 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 45 Economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 46 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 47 worth worth JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 48 millions million NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 49 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 50 rupees rupee NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 51 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 52 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 53 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 54 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 55 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 56 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 57 annually annually RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 588 58 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 1 Virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 2 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 3 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 4 frequently frequently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 5 less less RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 6 conspicuous conspicuous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 7 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 8 those those DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 9 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 11 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 12 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 13 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 15 last last JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 16 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 17 much much RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 18 longer long JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 589 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 3 especially especially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 4 true true JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 6 perennial perennial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 7 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 9 those those DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 10 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 11 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 12 vegetatively vegetatively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 13 propagated propagate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 590 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 1 One one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 2 further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 3 problem problem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 5 attending attend VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 7 assess assess VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 8 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 9 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 10 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 11 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 12 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 13 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 15 global global JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 16 basis basis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 17 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 18 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 19 what what WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 20 most most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 23 data datum NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 24 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 25 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 26 small small JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 27 comparative comparative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 28 trials trial NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 29 rather rather RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 30 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 31 wide wide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 32 scale scale VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 33 comprehensive comprehensive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 34 surveys survey NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 35 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 36 even even RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 37 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 38 small small JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 39 trials trial NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 40 do do VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 41 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 42 necessarily necessarily RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 43 give give VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 44 data datum NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 45 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 46 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 47 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 48 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 49 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 50 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 51 global global JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 52 estimates estimate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 53 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 54 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 591 55 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 3 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 4 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 5 reasons reason NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 7 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 8 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 10 1 1 LS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 12 variation variation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 14 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 15 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 16 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 17 particular particular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 18 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 19 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 20 year year NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 21 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 22 year year NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 23 ; ; , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 25 2 2 LS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 27 variation variation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 28 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 29 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 30 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 31 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 33 climatic climatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 34 zone zone NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 35 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 36 climatic climatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 37 zone zone NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 38 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 40 3 3 LS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 42 differences difference NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 43 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 44 loss loss NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 45 assessment assessment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 46 methodologies methodology NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 47 ; ; , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 49 4 4 LS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 51 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 52 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 53 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 54 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 55 etiology etiology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 56 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 57 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 58 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 59 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 60 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 61 variation variation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 62 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 63 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 64 definition definition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 65 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 66 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 67 term term NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 68 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 69 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 70 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 71 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 72 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 73 6 6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 592 74 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 1 Chilli Chilli NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 4 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 5 vegetable vegetable NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 7 spice spice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 8 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 9 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 11 Thar Thar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 12 Desert Desert NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 13 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 15 Rajasthan Rajasthan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 593 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 1 Leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 2 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 3 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 5 ChLCD ChLCD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 8 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 11 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 12 constrains constrain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 14 chilli chilli NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 15 cultivation cultivation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 16 faced face VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 17 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 18 farmers farmer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 20 cause cause VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 21 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 22 loss loss NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 23 up up IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 24 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 25 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 26 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 594 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 2 survey survey NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 4 conducted conduct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 6 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 7 chilli chilli NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 8 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 9 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 11 Thar Thar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 12 Desert Desert NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 13 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 14 Bikaner Bikaner NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 16 Nagur Nagur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 18 Jodhpur Jodhpur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 20 Jalore Jalore NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 21 districts district NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 23 Rajasthan Rajasthan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 24 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 25 November November NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 27 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 28 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 29 understand understand VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 31 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 32 status status NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 33 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 34 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 35 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 36 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 37 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 38 Chilli Chilli NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 595 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 1 Among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 3 four four CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 4 district district NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 5 surveyed survey VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 7 ChLCD ChLCD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 10 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 11 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 13 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 14 maximum maximum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 16 up up IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 17 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 18 98 98 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 19 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 22 Jodhpur Jodhpur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 23 district district NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 24 followed follow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 25 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 26 Jolore Jolore NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 27 district district NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 29 up up IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 30 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 31 88 88 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 32 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 596 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 597 1 No no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 597 2 relation relation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 597 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 597 4 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 597 5 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 597 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 597 7 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 597 8 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 597 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 597 10 varieties variety NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 597 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 2 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 3 varieties variety NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 4 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 6 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 7 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 8 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 9 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 10 Mehsana Mehsana NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 12 RCH RCH NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 14 Mandoria Mandoria NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 17 Haripur Haripur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 18 Raipur Raipur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 20 Mathania Mathania NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 22 local local JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 23 cultivars cultivar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 598 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 2 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 4 whitefly whitefly NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 6 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 7 counted count VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 9 top top JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 11 middle middle JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 13 bottom bottom JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 14 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 16 chilli chilli NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 17 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 19 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 20 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 599 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 600 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 600 2 average average JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 600 3 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 600 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 600 5 whitefly whitefly NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 600 6 per per IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 600 7 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 600 8 ranged range VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 600 9 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 600 10 0.0 0.0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 600 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 600 12 4.0 4.0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 600 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 1 More More JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 2 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 4 whitefly whitefly NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 6 4.0 4.0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 9 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 11 Jodhpur Jodhpur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 12 district district NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 14 lowest low JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 16 1.8 1.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 19 Jalore Jalore NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 20 district district NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 601 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 602 1 Total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 602 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 602 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 602 4 extracted extract VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 602 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 1 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 2 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 3 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 4 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 5 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 7 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 8 district district NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 10 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 11 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 13 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 15 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 16 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 17 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 18 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 20 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 23 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 25 b b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 26 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 27 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 603 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 1 All all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 3 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 5 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 7 CP cp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 9 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 11 b b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 12 amplifications amplification NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 13 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 14 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 604 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 2 cloning cloning NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 4 sequencing sequencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 6 selected select VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 7 CP cp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 8 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 10 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 12 b b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 13 fragments fragment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 14 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 16 progress progress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 605 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 2 preliminary preliminary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 3 investigations investigation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 4 shows show VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 5 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 7 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 8 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 9 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 11 chilli chilli NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 12 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 13 widespread widespread JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 16 arid arid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 17 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 19 Rajasthan Rajasthan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 21 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 22 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 23 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 24 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 25 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 26 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 27 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 28 satellite satellite NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 29 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 30 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 31 b b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 606 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 607 1 Bittergourd Bittergourd NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 607 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 607 3 Momordica Momordica NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 607 4 charantia charantia NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 607 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 607 6 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 607 7 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 607 8 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 607 9 vegetable vegetable NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 607 10 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 607 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 607 12 Kerala Kerala NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 607 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 2 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 4 affected affect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 6 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 7 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 9 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 10 Mosaic Mosaic NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 11 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 12 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 13 prominent prominent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 14 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 608 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 2 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 3 experiment experiment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 5 conducted conduct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 7 evaluate evaluate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 9 efficacy efficacy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 11 potentised potentised JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 12 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 13 inducing induce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 14 substances substance NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 16 RIS RIS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 18 viz viz NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 609 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 1 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 2 mosaic mosaic NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 3 affected affect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 4 bittergourd bittergourd NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 5 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 6 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 8 ash ash NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 10 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 11 affected affect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 12 bittergourd bittergourd NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 13 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 14 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 16 plumbago plumbago JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 18 salicylic salicylic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 19 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 20 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 21 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 23 bittergourd bittergourd NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 24 mosaic mosaic NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 26 March March NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 27 2008 2008 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 610 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 1 RIS RIS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 3 applied apply VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 4 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 5 drench drench NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 7 foliar foliar NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 8 spray spray NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 9 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 10 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 11 potency potency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 12 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 13 twice twice RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 15 before before IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 16 flowering flower VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 19 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 611 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 2 experimental experimental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 3 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 5 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 6 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 7 per per IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 9 package package NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 11 practice practice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 12 recommendations recommendation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 14 split split NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 15 plot plot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 16 design design NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 18 five five CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 19 replications replication NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 20 per per IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 21 treatment treatment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 612 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 3 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 5 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 6 severity severity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 8 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 11 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 13 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 613 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 2 result result NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 5 experiment experiment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 6 shows show VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 8 spraying spraying NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 10 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 11 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 12 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 13 drenching drench VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 15 treatments treatment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 16 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 17 reducing reduce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 18 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 19 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 21 severity severity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 614 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 1 Among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 2 treatments treatment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 4 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 5 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 6 extract extract NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 7 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 8 19 19 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 9 potency potency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 10 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 12 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 13 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 14 one one NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 16 reducing reduce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 17 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 18 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 20 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 21 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 23 maximum maximum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 24 incubation incubation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 25 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 27 minimum minimum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 28 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 29 severity severity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 615 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 616 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 616 2 spray spray NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 616 3 application application NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 616 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 616 5 treatments treatment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 616 6 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 616 7 significantly significantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 616 8 higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 616 9 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 616 10 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 616 11 drenching drench VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 616 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 1 Among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 3 treatments treatment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 5 ash ash NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 7 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 8 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 9 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 10 19 19 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 12 309 309 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 13 potency potency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 15 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 16 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 17 extract extract NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 18 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 19 69 69 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 20 potency potency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 21 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 22 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 23 par par NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 25 produced produce VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 26 comparatively comparatively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 27 higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 28 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 617 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 1 Elephant elephant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 2 foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 3 yam yam NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 5 Amoprhophallus Amoprhophallus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 6 paeoniifolius paeoniifolius NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 9 colocasia colocasia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 11 Colocasia Colocasia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 12 esculenta esculenta NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 15 tannia tannia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 17 Xanthosoma Xanthosoma NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 18 sagittifolium sagittifolium NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 20 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 22 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 23 edible edible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 24 aroids aroid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 25 cultivated cultivate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 27 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 618 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 2 elephant elephant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 3 foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 4 yam yam NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 5 cultivation cultivation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 6 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 7 gaining gain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 8 importance importance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 9 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 10 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 11 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 12 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 13 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 14 potential potential NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 16 nutritional nutritional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 18 medicinal medicinal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 19 values value NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 21 good good JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 22 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 23 returns return NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 619 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 1 All all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 2 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 3 aroids aroid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 5 vegetatively vegetatively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 6 propagated propagate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 8 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 9 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 10 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 11 spreading spread VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 12 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 13 planting planting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 14 materials material NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 620 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 1 CTCRI CTCRI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 2 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 4 mandate mandate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 6 producing produce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 7 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 8 planting planting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 9 materials material NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 11 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 12 edible edible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 13 aroids aroid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 621 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 1 Accurate accurate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 2 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 4 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 8 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 9 essential essential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 11 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 13 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 14 planting planting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 15 material material NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 17 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 18 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 21 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 622 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 1 Though though IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 2 occurrences occurrence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 4 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 5 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 6 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 7 edible edible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 8 aroids aroid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 10 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 12 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 14 1960s 1960 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 16 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 17 much much JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 18 attention attention NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 19 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 20 given give VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 21 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 22 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 24 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 27 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 28 involved involve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 623 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 2 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 4 elephant elephant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 5 foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 6 yam yam NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 7 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 8 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 9 30 30 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 10 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 11 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 12 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 14 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 16 varying vary VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 17 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 19 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 21 puckering pucker VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 23 filiformy filiformy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 24 etc etc FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 624 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 625 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 625 2 colocasia colocasia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 625 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 625 4 tannia tannia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 625 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 625 6 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 625 7 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 625 8 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 625 9 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 625 10 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 625 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 625 12 noticed notice VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 625 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 1 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 3 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 4 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 6 potyvirus potyvirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 7 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 8 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 9 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 11 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 12 cloning cloning NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 14 sequencing sequencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 17 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 18 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 19 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 20 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 22 association association NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 24 Dasheen Dasheen NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 25 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 26 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 28 DsMV DsMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 30 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 31 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 33 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 34 edible edible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 35 aroids aroid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 36 cultivated cultivate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 37 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 38 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 626 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 2 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 3 full full JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 4 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 5 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 6 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 7 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 9 DsMV DsMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 10 infecting infect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 11 elephant elephant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 12 foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 13 yam yam NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 14 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 15 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 17 pGEM pgem JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 18 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 19 T t NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 20 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 22 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 627 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 1 Further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 2 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 3 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 4 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 5 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 7 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 9 DsMV DsMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 10 consisted consist VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 12 942 942 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 13 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 16 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 17 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 18 UTR UTR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 19 comprised comprise VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 21 260 260 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 22 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 628 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 1 BLAST blast NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 3 phylogenetic phylogenetic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 4 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 5 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 6 highest high JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 7 similarity similarity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 9 89 89 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 10 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 11 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 12 that that DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 14 DsMV DsMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 15 isolate isolate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 16 AF048981 AF048981 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 18 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 19 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 20 USA USA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 629 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 2 deduced deduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 3 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 4 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 5 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 7 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 8 had have VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 9 92.0 92.0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 11 98.0 98.0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 12 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 13 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 14 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 15 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 16 DsMV DsMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 17 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 630 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 1 BLAST blast NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 5 partial partial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 6 CP cp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 7 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 8 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 10 colocasia colocasia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 12 tannia tannia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 13 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 14 confirmed confirm VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 15 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 17 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 18 involved involve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 19 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 20 DsMV DsMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 631 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 1 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 3 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 4 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 6 large large JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 7 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 9 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 10 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 11 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 13 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 14 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 15 confirmed confirm VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 16 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 18 potyvirus potyvirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 19 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 20 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 21 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 23 MJ1 MJ1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 25 MJ2 MJ2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 27 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 28 good good JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 29 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 30 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 31 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 33 DsMV DsMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 34 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 35 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 36 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 632 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 1 DsMV DsMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 2 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 3 biotinylated biotinylate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 4 cDNA cDNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 6 digoxigenin digoxigenin NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 7 labelled label VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 8 cRNA cRNA NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 9 probes probe NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 11 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 12 prepared prepare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 14 DsMV DsMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 16 elephant elephant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 17 foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 18 yam yam NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 19 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 20 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 21 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 22 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 23 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 24 spot spot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 25 hybridization hybridization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 633 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 1 Yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 2 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 3 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 5 YLD YLD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 7 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 9 Sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 10 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 11 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 12 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 14 SCYLV SCYLV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 16 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 17 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 18 recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 19 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 20 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 22 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 24 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 25 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 26 wide wide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 27 spread spread VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 28 throughout throughout IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 29 country country NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 634 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 2 popular popular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 3 varieties variety NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 6 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 7 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 8 varied varied JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 9 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 10 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 12 75.0 75.0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 13 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 15 attained attain VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 16 epidemic epidemic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 17 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 18 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 19 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 20 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 635 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 1 Detailed detailed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 2 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 3 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 5 impact impact NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 7 YLD YLD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 8 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 9 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 10 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 11 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 13 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 14 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 15 significantly significantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 16 reduces reduce VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 17 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 18 cane cane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 19 growth growth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 20 parameters parameter NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 22 cane cane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 23 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 25 juice juice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 26 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 636 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 1 Sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 2 comparisons comparison NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 5 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 6 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 8 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 11 movement movement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 12 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 14 MP MP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 17 22 22 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 18 SCYLV SCYLV NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 19 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 20 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 21 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 23 database database NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 24 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 25 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 26 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 27 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 28 variation variation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 29 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 30 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 31 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 33 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 34 database database NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 35 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 36 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 37 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 38 nt nt RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 39 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 40 aa aa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 41 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 42 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 43 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 44 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 45 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 46 MP MP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 47 coding coding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 48 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 637 49 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 2 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 3 variation variation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 5 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 6 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 9 database database NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 10 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 12 even even RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 15 least least JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 16 variable variable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 17 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 20 SCYLV SCYLV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 21 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 22 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 23 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 25 population population NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 26 existing exist VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 27 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 28 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 29 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 30 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 31 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 32 rest rest NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 33 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 34 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 35 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 638 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 1 Further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 3 comparison comparison NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 5 partial partial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 6 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 7 encoding encode VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 9 ORF ORF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 10 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 12 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 13 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 14 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 15 YLD YLD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 17 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 19 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 20 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 21 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 22 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 23 least least JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 24 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 25 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 26 genotypes genotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 27 viz viz JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 639 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 1 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 2 CUB CUB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 4 IND IND NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 6 BRA BRA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 8 PER per NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 11 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 12 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 13 majority majority NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 16 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 18 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 19 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 20 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 21 Cuban cuban JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 22 genotype genotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 24 CUB CUB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 640 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 2 genotype genotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 3 IND IND NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 5 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 6 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 8 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 9 genotype genotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 11 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 13 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 15 have have VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 16 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 17 variation variation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 18 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 20 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 21 genotypes genotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 641 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 2 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 3 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 4 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 5 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 7 CP cp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 8 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 13 optimized optimize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 14 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 16 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 17 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 18 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 19 diagnose diagnose VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 21 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 642 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 2 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 3 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 4 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 5 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 6 efficient efficient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 8 detecting detect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 12 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 13 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 15 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 16 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 17 derived derive VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 18 seedlings seedling NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 643 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 1 Elimination elimination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 5 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 6 meristem meristem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 7 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 8 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 9 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 10 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 12 purify purify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 15 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 17 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 18 planting planting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 19 materials material NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 21 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 22 technique technique NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 23 needs need VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 24 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 25 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 26 adopted adopt VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 27 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 28 supply supply VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 29 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 30 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 31 free free JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 32 planting planting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 33 materials material NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 34 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 35 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 36 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 37 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 38 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 39 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 644 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 1 Studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 2 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 3 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 5 progress progress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 7 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 9 YLD YLD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 11 resistant resistant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 12 sources source NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 14 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 15 germplasm germplasm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 16 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 17 initiate initiate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 18 breeding breed VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 19 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 20 YLD yld NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 21 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 22 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 24 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 645 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 646 1 Mycoviruses mycoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 646 2 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 646 3 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 646 4 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 646 5 infect infect VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 646 6 fungi fungus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 646 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 647 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 647 2 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 647 3 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 647 4 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 647 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 647 6 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 647 7 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 647 8 fungal fungal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 647 9 families family NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 647 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 3 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 4 scenario scenario NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 6 mycoviruses mycoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 7 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 9 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 10 means mean NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 12 biocontrol biocontrol NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 14 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 15 fungal fungal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 16 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 648 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 1 Most Most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 2 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 3 fungal fungal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 4 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 5 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 6 double double JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 7 stranded strand VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 9 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 11 often often RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 12 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 13 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 14 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 15 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 16 dsRNA dsrna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 17 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 18 per per IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 19 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 20 particle particle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 23 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 24 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 25 spherical spherical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 27 shape shape NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 649 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 2 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 3 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 4 mostly mostly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 5 vesicle vesicle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 6 bound bind VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 8 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 9 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 10 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 11 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 12 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 13 coatings coating NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 650 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 2 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 3 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 4 true true JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 5 mycovirus mycovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 7 they -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 8 must must MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 9 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 10 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 11 ability ability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 12 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 13 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 14 transmitted transmit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 15 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 17 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 18 words word NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 19 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 20 able able JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 21 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 22 infect infect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 23 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 24 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 25 fungi fungus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 26 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 27 anastomosis anastomosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 29 spores spore NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 651 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 1 Mycoviruses mycoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 2 lead lead VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 3 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 4 secret secret JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 5 lives life NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 6 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 8 reduce reduce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 10 ability ability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 13 fungal fungal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 14 hosts host NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 15 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 16 cause cause VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 17 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 19 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 652 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 2 property property NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 4 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 5 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 6 hypovirulence hypovirulence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 8 Hypovirulence Hypovirulence NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 11 term term NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 12 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 13 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 14 describe describe VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 15 reduced reduced JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 16 virulence virulence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 17 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 19 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 21 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 24 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 25 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 26 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 27 first first RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 28 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 29 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 30 Cryphonectria Cryphonectria NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 32 Endothia Endothia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 34 parasitica parasitica NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 36 chestnut chestnut NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 37 blight blight NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 38 fungus fungus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 40 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 41 European European NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 42 Castanea Castanea NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 43 sativa sativa NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 44 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 45 Italy Italy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 46 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 47 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 48 naturally naturally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 49 occuring occur VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 50 hypovirulent hypovirulent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 51 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 52 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 53 able able JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 54 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 55 reduce reduce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 56 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 57 effect effect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 58 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 59 virulent virulent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 60 ones one NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 653 61 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 2 slower slow JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 3 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 4 hypovirulent hypovirulent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 5 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 7 C. C. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 8 parasitica parasitica NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 9 contain contain VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 11 single single JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 12 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 13 element element NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 15 double double RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 16 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 17 stranded strand VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 20 ds ds NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 23 similar similar JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 24 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 25 that that DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 26 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 27 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 28 mycoviruses mycoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 29 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 30 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 31 transmitted transmit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 32 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 33 anastomosis anastomosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 34 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 35 compatible compatible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 36 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 37 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 38 natural natural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 39 virulent virulent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 40 populations population NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 41 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 42 C. C. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 43 parasitica parasitica NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 654 44 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 1 Hypovirulence Hypovirulence NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 2 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 3 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 4 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 5 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 7 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 8 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 9 fungal fungal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 10 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 11 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 13 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 14 Rhizoctonia Rhizoctonia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 15 solani solani NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 17 Gaeumannomyces Gaeumannomyces NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 18 gramini gramini NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 19 var var NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 655 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 1 tritici tritici NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 3 Ophiostoma Ophiostoma NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 4 ulmi ulmi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 6 Sclerotinia Sclerotinia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 7 homoeocarpa homoeocarpa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 9 Diaporthe Diaporthe NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 10 ambigua ambigua NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 11 Alternaria Alternaria NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 12 alternata alternata NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 15 Fusarium Fusarium NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 16 sp sp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 656 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 657 1 etc etc FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 657 2 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 1 Hypovirulence Hypovirulence NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 2 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 3 attracted attract VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 4 attention attention NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 5 owing owe VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 8 importance importance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 10 fungal fungal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 11 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 13 agriculture agriculture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 16 limited limited JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 17 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 18 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 19 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 20 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 21 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 23 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 25 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 26 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 658 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 2 reduces reduce VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 4 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 6 toxic toxic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 7 fungicides fungicide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 8 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 9 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 10 affect affect VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 12 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 13 growth growth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 659 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 2 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 3 resulted result VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 4 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 6 mycoviruses mycoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 7 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 8 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 10 growth growth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 12 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 14 pigmentation pigmentation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 16 sporulation sporulation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 18 excessive excessive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 19 sectoring sectoring JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 21 aerial aerial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 22 mycelial mycelial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 23 collapse collapse NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 660 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 2 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 4 consequences consequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 6 alteration alteration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 8 complex complex JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 9 physiological physiological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 11 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 12 processes process NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 13 involving involve VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 14 interaction interaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 15 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 16 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 18 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 661 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 1 Cassava cassava NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 3 Manihot Manihot NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 4 esculenta esculenta NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 5 Crantz Crantz NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 6 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 8 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 10 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 11 tuber tuber NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 12 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 14 Peninsular Peninsular NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 15 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 18 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 19 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 21 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 22 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 24 2.4 2.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 25 lakh lakh NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 26 hectares hectare NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 27 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 29 annual annual JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 30 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 32 6.7 6.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 33 million million CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 34 tonnes tonne NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 35 both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 36 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 37 direct direct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 38 consumption consumption NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 39 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 40 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 41 starch starch NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 42 grain grain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 44 sago sago NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 46 producing produce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 47 industries industry NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 48 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 49 mainly mainly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 50 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 51 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 52 southern southern JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 53 states state NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 54 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 55 Tamil Tamil NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 56 Nadu Nadu NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 57 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 58 Kerala Kerala NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 59 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 60 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 61 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 62 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 63 FAO FAO NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 64 2005 2005 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 65 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 662 66 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 2 Tamil Tamil NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 3 Nadu Nadu NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 5 cassava cassava NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 6 primarily primarily RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 7 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 9 sago sago NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 10 producing produce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 11 industries industry NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 12 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 14 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 15 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 16 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 17 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 18 industrial industrial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 19 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 20 rather rather RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 21 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 22 food food NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 23 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 25 so so CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 27 resource resource NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 28 rich rich JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 29 farmers farmer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 30 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 31 cultivating cultivate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 33 cassava cassava NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 34 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 35 irrigated irrigate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 36 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 37 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 38 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 39 fertile fertile JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 40 land land NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 41 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 42 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 43 poor poor JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 44 farmers farmer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 45 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 46 raising raise VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 47 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 48 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 49 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 50 rainfed rainfed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 51 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 663 52 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 2 south south JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 3 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 5 addition addition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 7 cassava cassava NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 8 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 11 practice practice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 13 intercropping intercrop VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 14 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 15 vegetable vegetable NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 16 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 17 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 19 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 21 brinjal brinjal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 23 legumes legume NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 25 gourds gourd NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 27 Cassava cassava NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 28 fields field NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 29 since since IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 30 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 32 above above RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 33 mentioned mention VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 34 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 35 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 36 short short JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 37 duration duration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 38 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 39 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 40 money money NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 41 spinners spinner NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 42 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 43 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 44 farmers farmer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 664 45 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 4 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 5 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 6 constraint constraint NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 8 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 9 vegetable vegetable NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 10 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 11 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 12 Cassava Cassava NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 13 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 15 Geminiviruses Geminiviruses NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 16 belonging belong VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 17 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 19 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 665 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 2 recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 3 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 4 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 5 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 6 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 7 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 8 concern concern NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 9 regarding regard VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 11 standard standard NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 13 scientific scientific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 14 researches research NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 16 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 666 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 2 strengths strength NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 4 weaknesses weakness NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 6 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 8 Threats Threats NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 10 SWOT SWOT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 12 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 13 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 14 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 15 scientific scientific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 16 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 17 reviewed review VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 19 progress progress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 21 science science NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 22 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 24 last last JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 25 six six CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 26 decades decade NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 667 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 1 Although although IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 3 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 4 strengths strength NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 5 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 7 highlighted highlight VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 9 good good JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 10 measure measure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 15 list list NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 17 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 18 weaknesses weakness NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 19 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 20 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 21 called call VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 22 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 23 attention attention NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 24 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 25 upgrade upgrade VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 27 standard standard NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 29 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 31 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 32 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 33 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 34 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 35 provide provide VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 36 scope scope NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 37 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 38 overall overall JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 39 scientific scientific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 40 growth growth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 668 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 2 comparison comparison NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 3 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 4 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 6 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 7 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 9 terms term NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 11 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 12 papers paper NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 13 published publish VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 14 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 15 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 16 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 17 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 18 contribution contribution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 19 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 20 science science NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 21 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 22 come come VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 23 down down RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 24 enormously enormously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 669 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 670 1 What what WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 670 2 ails ail VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 670 3 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 670 4 Science science NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 670 5 ? ? . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 671 1 Should Should MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 671 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 671 3 compare compare VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 671 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 671 5 growth growth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 671 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 671 7 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 671 8 science science NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 671 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 671 10 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 671 11 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 671 12 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 671 13 ? ? . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 1 What what WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 2 criteria criterion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 3 should should MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 4 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 5 adopted adopt VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 7 judge judge VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 9 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 11 standard standard NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 13 scientific scientific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 14 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 672 15 ? ? . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 673 1 How how WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 673 2 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 673 3 motivate motivate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 673 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 673 5 scientists scientist NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 673 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 673 7 improve improve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 673 8 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 673 9 scientific scientific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 673 10 output output NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 673 11 ? ? . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 674 1 How how WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 674 2 do do VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 674 3 motivate motivate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 674 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 674 5 scientists scientist NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 674 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 674 7 improve improve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 674 8 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 674 9 scientific scientific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 674 10 output output NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 674 11 ? ? . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 675 1 How how WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 675 2 do do VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 675 3 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 675 4 journals journal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 675 5 perform perform VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 675 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 675 7 Maintaining maintain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 675 8 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 675 9 ? ? . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 2 paper paper NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 3 analyses analyse VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 4 critically critically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 6 scientific scientific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 7 journals journal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 8 around around IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 10 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 12 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 13 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 15 scores score NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 16 allotted allot VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 17 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 19 National National NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 20 Academy Academy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 22 Agriculture Agriculture NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 23 sciences sciences NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 25 NAAS NAAS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 27 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 28 2003 2003 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 30 2007 2007 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 31 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 32 1460 1460 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 33 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 34 1608 1608 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 35 journals journal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 36 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 676 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 2 general general JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 5 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 6 journals journal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 7 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 8 poorly poorly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 9 irrespective irrespective RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 12 disciplines discipline NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 14 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 15 25 25 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 16 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 17 30 30 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 18 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 21 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 22 standard standard NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 677 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 2 paper paper NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 3 dealt deal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 6 reasons reason NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 7 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 8 low low JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 9 impact impact NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 10 factor factor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 13 anomalies anomaly NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 16 allotment allotment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 18 scores score NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 19 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 20 wide wide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 21 spectrum spectrum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 24 journals journal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 27 disadvantages disadvantage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 29 scientists scientist NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 30 face face VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 31 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 33 scoring scoring NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 34 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 678 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 2 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 5 presented present VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 7 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 8 Institute Institute NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 10 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 11 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 12 scientists scientist NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 13 whose whose WP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 14 publications publication NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 15 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 16 analyzed analyze VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 17 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 18 discuss discuss VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 20 merits merit NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 22 demerits demerit NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 25 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 679 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 2 performance performance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 5 journals journal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 6 published publish VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 7 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 8 prestigious prestigious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 9 academics academic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 11 societies society NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 13 councils council NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 14 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 15 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 16 projected project VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 680 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 2 paper paper NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 3 concluded conclude VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 6 need need NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 7 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 8 enhancing enhance VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 10 image image NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 13 country country NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 14 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 15 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 16 publications publication NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 18 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 19 standard standard JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 20 journals journal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 23 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 25 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 26 scientific scientific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 27 bodies body NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 28 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 29 shore shore NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 31 long long JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 32 term term NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 33 measures measure NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 681 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 1 Poster poster NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 2 Session session NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 3 Herpes Herpes NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 4 Simplex Simplex NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 5 Virus Virus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 7 HSV HSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 9 keratitis keratitis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 10 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 11 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 12 leading leading JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 13 cause cause NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 15 corneal corneal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 16 blindness blindness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 17 throughout throughout IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 19 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 682 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 2 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 3 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 4 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 5 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 7 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 8 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 9 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 11 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 13 atypical atypical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 14 ocular ocular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 15 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 17 laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 18 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 19 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 20 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 21 helpful helpful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 22 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 23 timely timely JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 24 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 26 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 683 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 1 Collection collection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 3 corneal corneal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 4 scrapings scraping NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 6 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 7 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 9 stromal stromal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 11 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 12 keratitis keratitis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 13 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 14 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 15 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 16 possible possible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 18 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 19 collecting collect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 20 tear tear JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 21 fluid fluid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 22 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 23 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 24 convenient convenient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 25 procedure procedure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 26 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 27 less less JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 28 discomfort discomfort NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 29 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 31 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 684 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 4 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 5 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 7 intended intend VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 8 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 9 evaluate evaluate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 11 suitability suitability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 13 tear tear NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 14 specimens specimen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 16 detecting detect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 17 HSV HSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 18 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 19 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 20 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 21 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 23 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 26 immunofluorescence immunofluorescence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 28 IFA IFA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 685 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 1 Tear tear VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 2 fluid fluid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 4 corneal corneal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 5 scrapings scraping NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 7 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 8 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 9 134 134 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 10 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 12 suspected suspect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 13 herpetic herpetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 14 keratitis keratiti NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 686 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 687 1 HSV-1 HSV-1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 687 2 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 687 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 687 4 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 687 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 687 6 IFA IFA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 687 7 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 687 8 rabbit rabbit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 687 9 anti anti JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 687 10 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 687 11 HSV hsv JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 687 12 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 687 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 1 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 3 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 5 amplify amplify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 6 111 111 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 7 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 8 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 10 thymidine thymidine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 11 kinase kinase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 13 tk tk NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 15 coding code VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 16 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 18 144 144 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 19 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 20 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 21 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 22 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 23 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 24 coding coding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 25 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 27 HSV HSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 688 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 1 Out out IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 3 134 134 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 4 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 5 HSV HSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 6 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 8 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 10 25 25 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 12 18.65 18.65 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 13 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 16 corneal corneal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 17 scrapings scraping NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 19 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 21 11.19 11.19 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 22 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 25 tear tear JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 26 specimens specimen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 28 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 29 12 12 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 31 8.95 8.95 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 32 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 34 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 35 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 36 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 37 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 38 specimens specimen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 689 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 1 HSV HSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 2 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 3 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 4 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 5 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 7 44 44 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 9 32.83 32.83 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 10 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 13 corneal corneal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 14 scrapings scraping NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 16 16 16 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 18 11.94 11.94 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 19 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 22 tear tear JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 23 fluids fluid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 26 13 13 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 28 9.71 9.71 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 29 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 31 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 32 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 33 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 34 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 35 specimens specimen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 690 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 1 Although although IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 3 corneal corneal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 4 scraping scraping NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 5 seemed seem VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 7 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 8 marginally marginally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 9 superior superior JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 10 material material NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 11 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 12 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 14 HSV HSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 16 tear tear JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 17 fluid fluid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 18 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 19 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 20 serve serve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 21 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 22 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 23 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 24 alternative alternative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 25 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 26 specimen specimen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 27 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 28 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 29 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 30 ease ease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 32 collection collection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 33 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 34 least least JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 35 discomfort discomfort NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 36 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 37 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 38 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 691 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 692 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 692 2 either either DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 692 3 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 692 4 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 692 5 detected detect VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 692 6 higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 692 7 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 692 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 692 9 HSV HSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 692 10 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 692 11 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 692 12 IFA IFA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 692 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 2 if if IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 4 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 5 feasible feasible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 7 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 8 IFA IFA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 10 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 11 should should MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 12 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 13 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 14 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 15 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 16 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 17 specimen specimen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 18 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 19 obtain obtain VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 20 best good JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 21 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 693 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 694 1 Cytokines cytokine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 694 2 play play VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 694 3 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 694 4 key key JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 694 5 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 694 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 694 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 694 8 regulation regulation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 694 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 694 10 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 694 11 responses response NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 694 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 2 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 3 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 5 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 7 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 11 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 13 inappropriate inappropriate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 14 cytokine cytokine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 15 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 16 appears appear VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 17 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 18 contribute contribute VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 19 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 20 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 21 persistence persistence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 23 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 24 affect affect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 25 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 26 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 27 therapy therapy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 695 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 1 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 3 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 4 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 6 variety variety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 8 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 9 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 10 T t NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 11 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 13 phagocytes phagocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 15 fibroblast fibroblast NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 696 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 1 Cytokine cytokine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 2 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 3 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 4 polymorphic polymorphic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 5 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 6 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 7 sites site NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 10 certain certain JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 11 mutations mutation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 12 located locate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 13 within within IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 14 coding code VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 15 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 16 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 17 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 18 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 19 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 20 shown show VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 21 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 22 affect affect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 24 overall overall JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 25 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 27 secretion secretion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 29 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 31 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 32 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 33 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 34 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 697 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 2 correlate correlate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 4 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 5 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 7 polymorphism polymorphism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 9 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 10 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 12 chronic chronic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 13 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 14 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 15 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 17 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 18 controls control NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 698 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 1 Forty forty CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 2 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 3 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 4 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 5 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 7 attending attend VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 9 Medicine Medicine NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 10 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 11 patient patient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 12 department department NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 14 wards ward NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 16 Lok Lok NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 17 Nayak Nayak NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 18 Hospital Hospital NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 20 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 21 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 22 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 23 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 24 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 25 forty forty CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 26 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 27 controls control NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 28 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 29 enrolled enrol VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 30 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 32 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 699 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 700 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 700 2 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 700 3 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 700 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 700 5 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 700 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 700 7 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 700 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 700 9 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 700 10 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 700 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 1 Genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 2 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 4 extracted extract VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 6 whole whole JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 7 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 9 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 10 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 11 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 13 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 14 controls control NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 15 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 16 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 17 AccuPrep AccuPrep NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 18 Genomic Genomic NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 19 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 20 Extraction Extraction NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 21 Kit kit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 22 according accord VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 23 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 24 manufacture manufacture VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 25 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 26 instruction instruction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 701 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 2 genotyping genotyping NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 4 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 5 promoter promoter NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 7 -174 -174 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 8 variant variant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 10 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 11 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 12 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 13 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 14 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 16 direct direct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 17 sequencing sequencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 18 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 20 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 22 Patricia Patricia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 23 Woo Woo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 24 et et NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 25 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 702 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 703 1 1998 1998 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 703 2 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 2 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 3 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 5 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 7 significantly significantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 8 down down RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 9 regulated regulate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 11 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 12 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 13 chronic chronic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 14 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 15 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 16 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 17 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 19 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 20 controls control NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 704 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 1 Genotyping Genotyping NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 3 -174 -174 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 4 promoter promoter NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 5 variant variant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 7 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 9 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 11 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 13 direct direct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 14 sequencing sequencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 705 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 1 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 2 Polymorphism Polymorphism NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 5 G g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 6 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 7 G g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 9 G G NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 10 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 11 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 13 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 14 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 15 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 16 allele allele NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 17 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 18 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 19 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 20 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 21 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 22 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 23 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 24 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 26 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 27 controls control NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 706 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 2 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 3 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 4 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 6 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 7 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 8 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 9 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 10 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 11 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 12 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 13 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 14 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 15 controls control NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 707 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 2 polymorphism polymorphism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 5 promoter promoter NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 6 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 8 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 10 -174 -174 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 13 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 14 nonsignificantly nonsignificantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 15 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 17 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 18 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 19 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 20 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 21 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 22 controls control NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 708 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 2 conclusion conclusion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 5 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 6 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 7 suggests suggest VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 8 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 10 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 11 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 12 polymorphism polymorphism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 13 alone alone RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 14 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 15 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 16 play play VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 17 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 18 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 19 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 22 outcome outcome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 24 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 25 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 709 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 1 Acute acute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 2 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 4 AGE AGE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 6 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 8 global global JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 9 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 10 problem problem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 12 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 13 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 14 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 16 multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 17 etiological etiological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 18 agents agent NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 20 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 21 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 22 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 24 protozoa protozoan NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 26 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 710 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 1 Viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 2 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 4 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 5 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 7 second second JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 8 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 9 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 10 illness illness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 12 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 13 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 14 upper upper JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 15 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 16 tract tract NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 17 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 711 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 1 Among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 2 enteric enteric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 3 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 5 rota rota NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 7 noro noro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 9 enteric enteric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 10 adeno adeno NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 12 astro astro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 14 enterovirus enteroviru NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 15 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 16 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 17 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 18 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 19 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 20 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 21 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 712 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 1 Although although IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 3 association association NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 5 enteric enteric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 6 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 7 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 8 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 9 established establish VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 11 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 12 hospitalized hospitalize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 14 AGE AGE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 15 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 16 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 17 data data NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 18 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 19 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 20 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 21 hospitalized hospitalize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 22 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 23 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 24 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 25 enteric enteric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 26 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 713 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 714 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 714 2 determine determine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 714 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 714 4 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 714 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 714 6 enteric enteric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 714 7 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 714 8 circulating circulate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 714 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 714 10 hospitalized hospitalize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 714 11 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 714 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 1 Fecal fecal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 2 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 4 n n NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 5 = = SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 6 292 292 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 8 177 177 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 9 symptomatic symptomatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 11 115 115 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 12 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 14 AGE age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 17 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 19 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 20 \5 \5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 21 year year NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 23 age age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 24 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 25 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 26 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 27 hospitals hospital NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 28 across across IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 30 city city NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 32 Pune Pune NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 33 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 34 June June NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 35 2008 2008 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 36 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 37 Feb. February NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 38 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 715 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 1 Detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 3 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 4 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 5 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 7 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 8 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 10 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 11 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 12 captured capture VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 13 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 716 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 1 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 3 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 5 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 7 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 8 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 11 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 13 norovirus norovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 15 enterovirus enterovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 17 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 19 enteric enteric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 20 adenovirus adenovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 21 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 22 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 23 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 24 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 25 targeted target VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 26 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 27 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 28 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 30 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 31 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 32 NCR NCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 33 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 34 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 35 consevered consevered JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 36 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 37 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 38 serine serine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 39 protease protease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 40 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 41 hexon hexon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 42 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 43 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 717 44 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 1 Out out IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 3 177 177 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 4 fecal fecal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 5 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 6 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 7 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 8 enteric enteric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 9 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 11 AGE age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 12 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 15 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 17 rota rota NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 19 entero entero NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 21 noro noro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 23 enteric enteric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 24 adeno adeno NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 26 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 27 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 28 33.3 33.3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 29 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 31 59 59 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 33 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 34 14.7 14.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 35 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 37 26 26 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 39 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 40 6.2 6.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 41 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 43 11 11 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 45 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 46 2.8 2.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 47 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 49 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 51 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 52 1.1 1.1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 53 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 54 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 55 2 2 LS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 57 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 718 58 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 4 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 6 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 7 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 10 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 11 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 13 n n NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 14 = = SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 15 115 115 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 17 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 18 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 19 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 20 7.8 7.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 21 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 23 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 26 5.2 5.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 27 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 29 6 6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 31 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 32 7.8 7.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 33 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 35 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 37 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 38 0.86 0.86 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 39 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 41 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 43 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 44 1.7 1.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 45 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 46 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 47 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 49 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 50 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 719 51 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 1 Mixed mixed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 2 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 4 enterovirus enterovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 6 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 8 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 10 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 11 symptomatic symptomatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 12 1.6 1.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 13 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 15 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 18 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 19 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 20 0.8 0.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 21 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 23 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 720 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 3 mixed mixed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 4 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 6 enterovirus enterovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 8 adenovirus adenovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 10 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 11 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 13 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 14 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 15 0.8 0.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 16 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 18 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 721 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 1 No no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 2 marked marked JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 3 difference difference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 5 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 8 seasonal seasonal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 9 pattern pattern NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 11 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 12 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 15 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 16 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 17 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 18 without without IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 19 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 722 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 2 findings finding NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 4 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 5 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 6 document document NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 7 highest high JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 8 circulation circulation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 10 rotaviruses rotaviruses NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 12 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 13 symptomatic symptomatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 15 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 16 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 17 AGE AGE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 723 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 2 entero entero NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 4 noroviruses noroviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 5 remain remain VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 6 second second RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 7 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 8 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 9 enteric enteric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 10 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 12 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 13 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 724 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 1 Influenza influenza NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 2 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 3 humans human NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 6 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 7 public public JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 8 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 9 concern concern NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 12 understanding understanding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 15 evolution evolution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 18 light light NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 20 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 21 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 22 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 23 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 24 drift drift NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 25 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 26 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 27 helps help VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 28 prediction prediction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 30 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 32 update update NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 33 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 34 yearly yearly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 35 influenza influenza NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 36 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 725 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 2 antigenically antigenically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 3 characterize characterize VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 4 influenza influenza NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 5 A a NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 7 H3N2 H3N2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 9 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 11 study study VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 12 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 13 drift drift NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 14 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 15 1990 1990 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 16 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 17 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 19 Pune Pune NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 20 city city NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 726 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 1 Patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 2 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 3 Influenza Influenza NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 4 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 5 illness illness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 7 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 8 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 9 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 10 strict strict JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 11 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 12 definition definition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 13 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 14 dispensaries dispensary NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 15 located locate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 17 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 18 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 20 Pune Pune NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 22 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 23 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 25 NS NS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 26 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 27 TS TS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 29 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 30 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 31 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 32 obtaining obtain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 33 informed informed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 34 consent consent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 727 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 3 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 5 processed process VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 7 vivo vivo NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 10 fertile fertile JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 11 eggs egg NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 15 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 17 Overall overall RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 19 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 20 additional additional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 21 35 35 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 23 39.7 39.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 24 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 26 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 27 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 29 Dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 30 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 31 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 32 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 33 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 34 NS1 ns1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 35 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 36 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 37 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 38 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 39 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 40 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 41 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 42 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 728 43 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 1 Highest high JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 2 NS1 ns1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 3 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 4 positivity positivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 6 encountered encounter VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 7 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 9 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 10 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 11 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 13 3rd 3rd JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 14 day day NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 16 fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 17 whereas whereas IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 18 MAC MAC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 19 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 20 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 21 anti anti JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 22 IgM IgM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 23 antibody antibody NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 24 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 25 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 26 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 27 4th 4th JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 28 day day NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 30 gradually gradually RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 31 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 32 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 33 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 34 increase increase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 35 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 36 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 37 positivity positivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 38 towards towards IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 39 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 40 convalescent convalescent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 41 phase phase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 42 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 43 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 44 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 729 45 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 2 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 4 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 5 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 6 indicate indicate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 8 NS1 ns1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 9 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 10 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 11 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 12 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 13 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 14 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 15 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 16 useful useful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 17 tool tool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 18 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 19 detect detect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 21 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 22 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 23 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 24 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 25 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 26 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 28 early early JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 29 acute acute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 30 phase phase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 32 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 33 since since IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 34 appearance appearance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 35 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 36 IgM IgM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 37 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 38 usually usually RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 39 occur occur VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 40 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 41 fifth fifth JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 42 day day NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 43 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 44 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 45 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 730 46 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 1 Concurrent concurrent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 2 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 4 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 5 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 6 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 7 namely namely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 8 NS1 NS1 VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 9 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 10 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 11 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 12 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 13 MAC MAC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 14 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 15 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 16 improve improve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 18 overall overall JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 19 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 21 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 22 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 731 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 1 Early early JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 2 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 4 acute acute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 5 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 6 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 7 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 8 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 9 crucial crucial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 11 provide provide VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 12 timely timely JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 13 information information NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 14 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 16 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 18 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 732 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 1 Human human JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 2 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 3 B19 B19 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 6 member member NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 9 Parvoviridae Parvoviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 10 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 12 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 13 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 14 pathogen pathogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 15 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 16 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 17 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 18 wide wide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 19 variety variety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 21 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 733 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 1 Most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 2 commonly commonly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 5 causes cause VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 6 childhood childhood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 7 rash rash JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 8 erythema erythema NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 9 infectiosum infectiosum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 11 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 13 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 14 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 15 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 16 serious serious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 17 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 18 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 19 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 20 persistent persistent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 21 arthropathy arthropathy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 23 critical critical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 24 failures failure NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 26 red red JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 27 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 28 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 29 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 30 transient transient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 31 aplastic aplastic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 32 crisis crisis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 33 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 34 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 35 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 36 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 37 pregnancy pregnancy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 38 causes cause VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 39 hydrops hydrops NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 40 fetalis fetalis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 41 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 42 myocarditis myocarditis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 734 43 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 1 Traditional traditional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 2 immunosuppressive immunosuppressive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 3 therapy therapy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 4 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 5 unsuccessful unsuccessful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 7 anti anti JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 8 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 9 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 10 therapy therapy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 11 might may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 12 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 13 worthy worthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 15 consideration consideration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 735 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 1 Functional functional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 2 annotation annotation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 3 would would MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 4 provide provide VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 5 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 7 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 8 proteome proteome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 10 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 11 survival survival NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 13 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 14 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 736 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 1 SVMProt SVMProt NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 2 functional functional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 3 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 4 annotations annotation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 6 VP2 VP2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 7 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 8 had have VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 9 deciphered decipher VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 10 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 11 zincbinding zincbinding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 13 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 14 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 16 outer outer JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 17 membrane membrane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 19 chlorophyll chlorophyll NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 20 biosynthesis biosynthesis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 22 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 23 repair repair NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 25 calcium calcium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 26 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 27 binding bind VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 28 nature nature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 737 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 1 VP2 VP2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 2 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 4 having have VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 6 key key JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 7 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 9 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 10 assembly assembly NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 12 B19 B19 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 13 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 15 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 16 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 17 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 18 homologous homologous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 19 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 20 human human JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 21 proteome proteome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 23 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 24 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 25 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 26 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 27 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 28 attractive attractive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 29 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 30 target target NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 31 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 32 structure structure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 33 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 34 drug drug NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 35 discovery discovery NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 738 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 739 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 739 2 VP2 VP2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 739 3 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 739 4 crystal crystal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 739 5 structure structure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 739 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 739 7 energy energy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 739 8 minimized minimize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 739 9 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 739 10 CHARMM CHARMM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 739 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 2 structure structure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 3 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 4 virtual virtual JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 5 screening screening NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 6 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 8 applied apply VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 9 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 10 LigandFit LigandFit NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 12 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 13 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 14 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 16 VP2 vp2 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 17 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 19 ChemBank ChemBank NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 20 database database NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 22 ten ten CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 23 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 24 Human human JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 25 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 26 B19 B19 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 27 VP2 vp2 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 28 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 29 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 30 proposed propose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 740 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 741 1 PRISM prism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 741 2 310 310 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 741 3 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 741 4 analyzer analyzer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 741 5 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 2 drafting drafting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 5 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 7 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 8 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 9 BioEdit BioEdit NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 10 software software NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 13 submitted submit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 15 GenBank GenBank NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 742 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 1 For for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 2 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 3 interpretation interpretation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 4 DENV DENV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 5 representing represent VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 7 full full JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 8 extent extent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 10 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 11 diversity diversity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 13 DENV-1 DENV-1 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 15 DENV-2 DENV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 17 DENV-3 DENV-3 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 18 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 19 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 20 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 21 GenBank GenBank NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 743 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 1 Neighbor neighbor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 2 joining join VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 3 algorithm algorithm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 5 implemented implement VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 7 bootstrap bootstrap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 8 value value NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 10 10,000 10,000 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 11 replicates replicate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 12 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 13 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 14 inference inference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 15 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 16 MEGA MEGA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 17 4.0.2 4.0.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 744 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 2 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 3 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 4 134 134 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 5 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 6 644 644 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 8 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 10 prM prm JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 11 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 12 junction junction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 15 DENV DENV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 17 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 18 directly directly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 19 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 20 patient patient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 21 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 745 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 746 1 Twelve twelve CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 746 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 746 3 72 72 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 746 4 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 746 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 746 6 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 746 7 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 746 8 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 746 9 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 746 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 746 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 1 Of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 2 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 3 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 5 Dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 6 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 7 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 9 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 10 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 11 Dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 12 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 13 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 747 15 7 7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 748 1 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 748 2 Dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 748 3 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 748 4 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 748 5 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 1 For for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 2 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 3 epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 4 survey survey NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 6 genotyping genotyping NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 9 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 10 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 11 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 12 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 13 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 14 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 15 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 16 geographical geographical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 17 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 18 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 19 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 20 form form VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 21 previously previously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 22 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 23 north north JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 24 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 25 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 26 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 27 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 28 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 29 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 30 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 31 data data NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 32 set set NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 749 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 2 critical critical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 3 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 6 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 7 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 8 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 9 4 4 LS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 10 Dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 11 Type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 12 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 13 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 15 clustered cluster VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 16 within within IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 17 sub sub JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 18 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 19 type type JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 20 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 22 genotype genotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 23 III III NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 25 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 27 7 7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 28 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 30 DEN-3 den-3 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 31 clustered cluster VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 32 along along RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 33 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 34 genotype genotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 35 III III NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 750 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 3 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 5 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 6 types type NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 7 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 9 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 11 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 12 currently currently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 13 circulating circulate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 15 North North NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 16 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 18 Dengue Dengue NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 19 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 20 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 22 genotype genotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 23 III III NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 25 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 27 predominant predominant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 28 one one NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 29 followed follow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 30 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 31 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 32 genotype genotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 33 III III NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 34 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 35 Dengue Dengue NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 36 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 37 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 751 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 1 Although although IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 2 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 4 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 5 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 6 treatment treatment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 7 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 8 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 9 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 10 currently currently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 13 confirmative confirmative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 14 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 15 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 16 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 17 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 18 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 20 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 21 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 22 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 23 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 24 IgM IgM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 25 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 27 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 29 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 30 indication indication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 32 recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 33 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 34 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 35 helps help VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 36 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 37 epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 38 monitoring monitoring NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 39 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 40 symptomatic symptomatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 41 treatment treatment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 42 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 43 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 44 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 45 determining determine VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 46 prognosis prognosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 752 47 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 1 Serological serological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 2 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 4 anti anti JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 5 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 6 CGV cgv JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 7 IgM igm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 8 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 10 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 11 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 12 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 13 immuno immuno JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 14 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 15 chromatographic chromatographic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 16 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 18 RICA RICA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 21 IgM igm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 22 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 23 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 24 capture capture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 25 enzyme enzyme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 26 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 27 immunosorbant immunosorbant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 28 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 30 MAC MAC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 31 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 32 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 753 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 1 Eighty eighty CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 2 convalescent convalescent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 3 sera sera NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 5 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 7 RICA RICA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 9 60 60 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 11 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 13 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 14 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 16 anti anti JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 17 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 18 CGV cgv JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 19 IgM igm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 20 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 754 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 1 Twenty twenty CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 3 five five CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 4 anti anti JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 5 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 6 CGV cgv JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 7 IgM IgM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 8 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 9 RICA RICA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 10 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 11 sera sera NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 13 further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 14 assayed assay VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 15 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 16 MAC MAC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 17 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 18 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 755 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 1 More more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 2 sera sera NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 3 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 5 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 6 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 7 currently currently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 8 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 9 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 11 compare compare VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 13 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 15 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 16 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 17 serological serological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 18 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 20 anti anti JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 21 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 22 CGV cgv JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 23 IgM igm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 24 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 25 based base VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 26 early early JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 27 serological serological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 28 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 30 CGV CGV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 31 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 33 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 34 findings finding NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 35 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 36 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 37 presented present VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 756 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 3 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 4 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 6 designed design VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 8 evaluate evaluate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 10 utility utility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 12 multiplex multiplex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 13 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 15 mPCR mPCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 17 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 18 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 20 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 21 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 23 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 25 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 26 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 27 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 757 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 1 Seventy seventy CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 3 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 4 acute acute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 5 phase phase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 6 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 7 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 8 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 9 clinically clinically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 10 suspected suspect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 11 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 12 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 13 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 14 subjected subject VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 16 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 18 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 19 uniplex uniplex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 20 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 21 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 22 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 23 genus genus VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 24 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 25 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 27 E e NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 28 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 29 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 30 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 31 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 32 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 33 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 34 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 35 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 36 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 37 multiplex multiplex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 38 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 39 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 40 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 41 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 42 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 43 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 44 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 45 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 46 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 47 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 48 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 758 49 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 759 1 Standard standard JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 759 2 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 759 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 759 4 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 759 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 759 6 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 759 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 759 8 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 759 9 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 759 10 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 759 11 controls control NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 759 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 1 13 13 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 4 72 72 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 5 clinically clinically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 6 suspected suspect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 7 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 8 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 10 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 12 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 13 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 14 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 15 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 16 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 18 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 19 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 20 uniplex uniplex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 21 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 22 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 23 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 24 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 25 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 26 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 760 27 mPCR mpcr XX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 1 whereas whereas IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 2 none none NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 5 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 7 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 9 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 11 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 12 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 13 both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 14 uniplex uniplex JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 15 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 16 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 18 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 19 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 20 mPCR mPCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 761 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 2 result result NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 4 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 6 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 7 uniplex uniplex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 8 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 10 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 12 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 13 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 14 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 15 concordant concordant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 16 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 17 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 18 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 19 multiplex multiplex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 20 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 762 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 1 Dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 2 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 3 multiplex multiplex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 4 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 6 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 8 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 9 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 10 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 11 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 12 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 13 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 14 detect detect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 15 dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 17 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 18 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 19 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 20 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 22 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 23 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 763 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 1 Sheetal Sheetal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 2 Malhotra Malhotra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 4 Neelam Neelam NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 5 Marwaha Marwaha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 7 Karan Karan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 8 Saluja Saluja NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 10 Ratti Ratti NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 11 Ram Ram NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 12 Sharma Sharma NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 13 Department Department NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 15 Transfusion Transfusion NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 16 Medicine Medicine NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 18 PGIMER PGIMER NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 764 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 1 Chandigarh Chandigarh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 2 160012 160012 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 3 Transmission Transmission NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 4 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 5 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 7 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 8 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 9 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 11 reduced reduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 12 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 13 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 14 great great JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 15 extent extent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 16 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 17 efficient efficient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 19 reliable reliable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 20 testing testing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 23 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 765 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 2 newer new JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 3 fourth fourth JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 4 generation generation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 5 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 6 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 7 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 8 detect detect VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 9 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 10 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 11 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 13 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 16 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 18 p24 p24 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 19 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 21 thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 22 shorten shorten VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 24 window window NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 25 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 26 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 27 about about IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 28 14 14 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 29 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 31 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 32 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 33 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 34 22 22 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 35 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 36 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 37 third third JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 38 generation generation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 39 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 766 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 2 compare compare VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 4 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 5 seroprevalance seroprevalance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 6 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 7 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 8 donors donor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 9 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 10 fourth fourth JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 11 generation generation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 12 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 14 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 16 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 18 versus versus IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 19 third third JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 20 generation generation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 21 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 23 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 25 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 767 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 768 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 768 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 768 3 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 768 4 prospective prospective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 768 5 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 768 6 involving involve VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 768 7 5100 5100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 768 8 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 768 9 donors donor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 1 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 2 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 3 3400 3400 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 5 voluntary voluntary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 6 donors donor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 8 1700 1700 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 9 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 10 students student NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 12 1700 1700 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 13 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 14 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 15 students student NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 18 1700 1700 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 19 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 20 replacement replacement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 21 donors donor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 769 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 1 Sex sex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 2 workers worker NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 3 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 4 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 7 core core NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 8 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 10 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 12 STI STI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 13 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 14 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 16 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 17 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 18 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 19 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 20 bridge bridge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 21 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 22 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 23 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 24 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 26 general general JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 27 population population NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 770 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 1 Accordingly accordingly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 3 highest high JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 4 priority priority NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 6 given give VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 8 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 9 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 11 targeted target VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 12 intervention intervention NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 14 prevention prevention NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 16 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 17 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 18 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 771 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 1 Here here RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 3 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 4 describing describe VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 5 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 6 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 7 female female JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 8 sex sex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 9 worker worker NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 10 who who WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 12 harbouring harbour VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 13 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 14 concomitant concomitant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 15 STI STI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 16 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 17 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 18 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 19 STI STI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 772 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 2 25 25 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 3 year year NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 4 old old JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 5 female female JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 6 sex sex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 7 worker worker NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 9 brought bring VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 10 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 12 STI STI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 13 clinic clinic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 15 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 16 tertiary tertiary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 17 care care NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 18 hospital hospital NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 19 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 20 NGO NGO NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 21 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 22 complaint complaint NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 24 genital genital JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 25 discharge discharge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 26 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 27 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 28 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 773 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 1 On on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 2 per per IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 3 speculum speculum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 4 examination examination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 6 cervix cervix NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 8 slightly slightly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 9 erythematous erythematous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 11 tender tender JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 12 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 13 mucopurulent mucopurulent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 14 discharge discharge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 774 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 775 1 There there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 775 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 775 3 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 775 4 vaginal vaginal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 775 5 discharge discharge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 775 6 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 775 7 ulcer ulcer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 775 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 775 9 anogenital anogenital JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 775 10 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 775 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 776 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 776 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 776 3 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 776 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 776 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 776 6 wart wart NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 776 7 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 776 8 lateral lateral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 776 9 wall wall NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 776 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 776 11 vagina vagina NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 776 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 1 As as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 2 per per IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 3 NACO NACO NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 4 syndromic syndromic NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 5 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 6 guideline guideline NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 8 treatment treatment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 10 given give VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 11 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 12 N. N. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 13 gonorrhoeae gonorrhoeae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 15 C. C. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 16 trachomatis trachomatis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 18 HPV hpv NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 777 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 1 Cervical cervical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 2 swab swab NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 4 taken take VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 6 subjected subject VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 8 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 9 microbiological microbiological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 10 investigation investigation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 11 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 13 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 15 STI STI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 16 viz viz NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 17 N. N. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 18 gonorrhoeae gonorrhoeae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 20 C. C. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 21 trachomatis trachomatis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 23 T. t. NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 24 pallidum pallidum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 26 Candida Candida NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 27 spp spp NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 778 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 1 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 2 T.vaginalis t.vaginali NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 4 HSV-1 hsv-1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 6 HSV-2 HSV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 8 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 10 HBV HBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 12 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 14 HPV HPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 16 M. M. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 17 contagiosum contagiosum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 779 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 1 Saline saline JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 2 wet wet JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 3 mount mount NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 4 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 5 pus pus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 6 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 8 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 9 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 10 yeast yeast NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 11 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 12 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 13 trophozoite trophozoite NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 15 Trichomonas Trichomonas NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 16 vaginalis vaginalis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 780 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 1 Gram gram NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 2 stained stained JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 3 smear smear NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 4 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 5 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 6 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 7 four four CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 8 polymorphonuclear polymorphonuclear JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 9 leucocytes leucocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 12 absence absence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 14 gramnegative gramnegative NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 15 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 16 diplococci diplococcus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 18 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 19 presumptive presumptive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 20 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 22 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 23 gonococcal gonococcal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 24 urethritis urethritis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 25 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 26 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 781 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 782 1 No no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 782 2 organism organism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 782 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 782 4 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 782 5 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 782 6 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 782 7 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 782 8 media medium NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 782 9 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 782 10 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 782 11 incubation incubation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 782 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 783 1 Cervical cervical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 783 2 swab swab NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 783 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 783 4 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 783 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 783 6 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 783 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 783 8 C. C. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 783 9 trachomatis trachomatis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 783 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 1 Serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 3 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 4 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 6 HBV HBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 8 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 10 HSV-2 HSV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 12 T. T. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 13 pallidum pallidum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 14 though though IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 16 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 17 seronegative seronegative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 18 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 19 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 784 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 3 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 4 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 7 female female JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 8 sex sex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 9 worker worker NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 10 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 11 harbouring harbour VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 12 four four CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 13 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 14 STI STI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 15 viz viz NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 16 HSV-2 HSV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 18 HBV HBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 20 HCV HCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 22 HPV HPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 23 alongwith alongwith IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 24 T. t. NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 25 pallidum pallidum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 785 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 2 clinically clinically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 3 she -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 5 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 7 treated treat VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 8 accurately accurately RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 9 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 11 genital genital JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 12 wart wart NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 13 while while IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 14 cervical cervical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 15 discharge discharge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 16 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 17 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 18 HSV-2 HSV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 19 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 20 misdiagnosed misdiagnose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 786 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 3 necessary necessary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 5 try try VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 7 test test VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 8 alternative alternative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 9 approaches approach NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 10 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 11 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 12 periodic periodic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 13 presumptive presumptive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 14 therapy therapy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 16 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 17 STI STI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 19 because because IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 20 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 21 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 22 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 23 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 24 boost boost VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 25 up up RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 27 efforts effort NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 29 STI STI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 30 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 31 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 33 target target NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 34 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 35 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 36 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 37 help help VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 38 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 39 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 40 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 787 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 1 Alternatively alternatively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 3 regular regular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 4 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 6 laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 7 screening screening NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 9 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 10 STI STI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 11 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 12 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 13 tried try VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 788 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 789 1 Densonucleosis densonucleosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 789 2 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 789 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 789 4 DNV DNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 789 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 789 6 belong belong VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 789 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 789 8 Parvoviridae Parvoviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 789 9 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 789 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 2 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 4 etiological etiological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 5 agents agent NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 7 insect insect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 8 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 9 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 10 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 11 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 12 densonucleosis densonucleosis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 14 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 15 leads lead VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 16 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 17 death death NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 18 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 19 loss loss NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 21 vital vital JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 22 functions function NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 25 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 26 insect insect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 790 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 1 Densonucleosis densonucleosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 4 mosquitoes mosquito NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 5 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 6 generated generate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 7 lot lot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 9 scientific scientific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 10 interests interest NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 11 because because IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 14 tremendous tremendous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 15 potential potential NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 17 biological biological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 18 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 20 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 21 application application NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 22 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 23 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 24 transducing transducing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 25 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 791 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 1 Earlier early RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 4 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 5 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 7 isolation isolation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 9 characterization characterization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 11 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 12 DNV DNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 13 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 14 Aedes Aedes NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 15 aegypti aegypti NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 16 mosquitoes mosquito NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 18 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 19 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 20 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 21 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 22 Ae Ae NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 792 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 793 1 aegypti aegypti NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 793 2 populations population NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 793 3 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 793 4 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 793 5 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 1 There there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 2 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 3 reports report NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 4 suggesting suggest VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 5 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 6 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 7 Aedes Aedes NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 8 albopictus albopictus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 9 mosquitoes mosquito NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 10 co co VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 11 - - VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 12 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 14 Dengue-2 Dengue-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 16 DNV DNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 19 multiplication multiplication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 21 DEN-2 DEN-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 22 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 23 suppressed suppress VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 794 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 795 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 795 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 795 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 795 4 focus focus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 795 5 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 795 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 795 7 effect effect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 795 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 795 9 coinfection coinfection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 795 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 795 11 Ae Ae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 795 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 796 1 aegypti aegypti NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 796 2 mosquitoes mosquito NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 796 3 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 796 4 DNV DNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 796 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 796 6 Chikungunya Chikungunya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 796 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 796 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 796 9 CHIK CHIK NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 796 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 796 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 2 first first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 3 instar instar JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 4 mosquito mosquito NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 5 larvae larva NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 7 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 9 DNV DNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 12 emerging emerge VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 13 DNV DNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 14 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 15 females female NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 17 then then RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 18 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 19 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 20 CHIKV CHIKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 21 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 22 oral oral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 23 feeding feeding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 797 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 2 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 3 CHIK CHIK NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 4 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 5 female female JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 6 mosquitoes mosquito NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 8 analyzed analyze VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 10 real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 11 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 12 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 14 both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 15 DNV DNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 17 CHIKV CHIKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 18 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 19 alternate alternate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 20 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 21 post post NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 22 - - NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 23 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 25 up up IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 26 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 28 14th 14th JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 29 day day NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 798 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 2 data datum NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 3 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 4 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 5 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 6 difference difference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 9 multiplication multiplication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 11 either either DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 14 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 15 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 16 co co NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 17 - - NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 18 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 799 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 1 Results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 2 suggest suggest VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 3 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 4 CHIKV CHIKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 5 neither neither CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 6 stimulates stimulate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 8 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 10 DNV DNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 11 nor nor CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 12 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 14 own own JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 15 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 16 suppressed suppress VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 17 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 18 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 19 co co NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 20 - - NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 21 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 800 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 2 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 3 forms form VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 4 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 5 initial initial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 6 step step NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 8 understanding understand VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 10 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 11 played play VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 12 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 13 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 14 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 15 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 16 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 18 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 19 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 801 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 1 Chandipura Chandipura NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 3 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 5 manifested manifest VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 6 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 7 encephalitis encephalitis JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 9 young young JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 10 children child NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 11 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 12 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 13 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 14 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 15 mortality mortality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 16 rate rate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 802 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 2 damage damage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 3 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 4 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 5 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 7 direct direct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 8 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 13 brain brain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 14 parenchymal parenchymal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 15 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 16 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 17 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 18 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 19 mediated mediate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 803 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 2 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 3 aims aim VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 4 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 5 elucidating elucidate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 7 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 9 brain brain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 10 infiltrating infiltrate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 11 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 13 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 14 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 15 mice mouse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 16 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 18 model model NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 19 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 804 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 1 Mice mouse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 3 inoculated inoculate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 4 intracerebrally intracerebrally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 10 perfused perfuse VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 11 brain brain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 12 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 14 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 15 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 16 isolate isolate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 18 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 805 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 806 1 Control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 806 2 mice mouse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 806 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 806 4 inoculated inoculate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 806 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 806 6 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 806 7 equal equal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 806 8 amount amount NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 806 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 806 10 media medium NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 806 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 2 order order NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 3 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 4 standardize standardize VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 6 procedure procedure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 7 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 8 isolation isolation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 10 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 11 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 12 brain brain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 13 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 15 splenocytes splenocytes NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 17 processed process VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 18 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 19 isolate isolate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 21 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 22 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 23 Histopaque Histopaque NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 24 density density NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 25 gradient gradient NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 26 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 807 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 1 Methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 2 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 3 isolate isolate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 4 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 6 brain brain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 7 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 8 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 9 described describe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 11 earlier early JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 12 workers worker NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 13 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 14 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 17 ease ease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 19 efficiency efficiency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 21 procedure procedure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 22 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 23 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 24 suspension suspension NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 26 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 27 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 28 spleen spleen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 808 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 1 Percoll Percoll NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 2 density density NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 3 gradient gradient NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 4 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 5 provided provide VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 6 optimum optimum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 7 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 9 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 11 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 12 ease ease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 14 handling handling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 809 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 4 brain brain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 5 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 6 suspension suspension NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 7 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 8 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 9 prepare prepare VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 10 30 30 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 11 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 12 Percoll Percoll NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 13 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 14 layered layer VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 15 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 16 70 70 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 17 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 18 Percoll Percoll NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 19 prepared prepare VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 20 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 21 media medium NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 22 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 23 1:2 1:2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 24 ratio ratio NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 810 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 1 Density density NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 2 gradient gradient NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 3 centrifugation centrifugation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 5 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 6 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 7 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 8 9009 9009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 9 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 11 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 12 min min NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 13 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 14 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 15 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 16 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 17 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 18 obtain obtain VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 19 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 20 layer layer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 21 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 23 interface interface NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 811 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 812 1 Leishman Leishman NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 812 2 staining staining NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 812 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 812 4 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 812 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 812 6 analyze analyze VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 812 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 812 8 morphological morphological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 812 9 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 812 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 812 11 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 812 12 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 812 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 813 1 Normal normal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 813 2 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 813 3 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 813 4 dark dark JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 813 5 blue blue JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 813 6 stained stain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 813 7 nucleus nucleus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 813 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 1 Some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 2 bigger big JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 3 sized sized JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 4 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 6 diffused diffuse VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 7 nucleus nucleus JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 8 characteristic characteristic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 10 atypical atypical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 11 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 13 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 15 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 18 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 19 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 20 surrounded surround VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 21 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 22 hair hair NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 23 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 24 structures structure NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 814 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 815 1 Phenotypic phenotypic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 815 2 characterization characterization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 815 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 815 4 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 815 5 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 815 6 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 815 7 flow flow NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 815 8 cytometry cytometry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 815 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 2 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 4 CD4 CD4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 5 + + CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 7 CD8 CD8 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 8 + + CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 10 CD19 CD19 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 11 + + CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 12 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 14 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 816 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 2 percentages percentage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 4 CD8 CD8 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 5 + + CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 7 CD4 CD4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 8 + + CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 10 CD19 CD19 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 11 + + CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 12 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 14 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 15 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 16 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 17 7.60 7.60 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 18 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 20 35.14 35.14 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 21 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 23 34.32 34.32 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 24 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 25 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 28 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 29 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 30 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 31 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 32 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 33 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 34 5.65 5.65 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 35 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 36 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 37 30.27 30.27 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 38 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 39 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 40 3.13 3.13 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 41 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 42 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 43 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 44 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 45 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 817 46 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 818 1 Hence hence RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 818 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 818 3 CD19 CD19 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 818 4 + + CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 818 5 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 818 6 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 818 7 maximum maximum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 818 8 infiltration infiltration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 818 9 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 818 10 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 818 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 819 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 819 2 Santosh Santosh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 819 3 et et FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 819 4 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 819 5 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 820 1 2008 2008 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 820 2 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 820 3 Pradeep Pradeep NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 820 4 et et NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 820 5 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 820 6 . . NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 820 7 2008 2008 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 820 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 820 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 3 Present Present NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 4 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 5 CHIKV CHIKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 6 suspected suspect VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 7 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 8 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 10 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 13 acute acute JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 14 phase phase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 15 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 17 subjected subject VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 18 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 19 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 20 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 21 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 22 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 24 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 26 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 27 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 28 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 29 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 30 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 32 primer primer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 33 pair pair NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 34 DVRChk DVRChk NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 35 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 36 F F NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 37 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 38 DVRChk DVRChk NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 39 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 40 R R NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 41 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 42 described describe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 43 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 44 us -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 821 45 earlier early RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 822 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 822 2 Naresh Naresh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 822 3 Kumar Kumar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 822 4 et et NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 822 5 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 822 6 . . NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 822 7 2007 2007 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 822 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 822 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 2 convalescent convalescent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 3 phase phase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 4 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 6 screened screen VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 7 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 8 CHIKV CHIKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 9 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 10 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 12 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 13 SD SD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 14 Bioline Bioline NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 15 Chikungunya Chikungunya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 16 IgM igm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 17 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 18 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 823 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 1 Six six CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 2 sets set NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 4 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 6 designed design VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 8 amplify amplify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 10 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 11 NSP4 NSP4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 13 Complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 14 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 15 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 17 Chikungunya Chikungunya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 18 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 824 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 2 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 4 further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 5 gel gel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 6 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 8 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 10 pTZ57R pTZ57R NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 11 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 12 T t NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 13 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 16 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 17 clones clone NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 18 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 19 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 21 submitted submit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 22 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 24 Genbank Genbank NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 825 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 2 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 3 NS4gene NS4gene NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 5 Structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 6 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 8 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 10 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 11 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 12 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 15 Genbank Genbank NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 826 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 827 1 Sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 827 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 827 3 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 827 4 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 827 5 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 827 6 presented present VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 827 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 828 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 828 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 828 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 828 4 discusses discuss VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 828 5 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 828 6 aspects aspect NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 828 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 828 8 detail detail NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 828 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 828 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 829 1 Some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 829 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 829 3 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 829 4 phages phage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 829 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 829 6 viz viz NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 829 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 1 V953 V953 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 3 V954 V954 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 5 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 6 plaques plaque NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 7 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 8 42 42 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 9 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 10 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 11 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 12 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 13 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 14 37 37 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 15 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 16 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 830 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 831 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 831 2 they -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 831 3 seem seem VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 831 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 831 5 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 831 6 lysogenic lysogenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 831 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 1 For for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 2 propagating propagate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 4 increasing increase VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 6 titre titre NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 8 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 10 above above JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 11 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 13 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 14 previously previously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 15 described describe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 16 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 18 attempted attempt VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 20 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 21 none none NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 23 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 24 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 25 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 26 satisfactory satisfactory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 832 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 1 But but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 2 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 3 siliconized siliconized NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 4 glassware glassware NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 6 plastic plastic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 8 ware ware NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 10 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 12 propagation propagation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 14 successful successful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 833 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 2 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 3 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 4 siliconization siliconization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 6 glassware glassware NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 8 plastic plastic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 10 ware ware NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 12 essential essential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 15 propagation propagation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 17 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 18 mycobacteriophage mycobacteriophage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 19 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 20 V951 V951 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 22 V952 V952 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 24 V953 V953 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 26 V954 V954 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 28 V955 v955 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 834 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 1 Also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 3 phage phage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 4 dilution dilution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 5 medium medium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 7 PDM PDM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 10 described describe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 12 Chaterjee Chaterjee NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 13 et et NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 14 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 835 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 2 2000 2000 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 5 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 7 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 8 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 10 picking pick VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 11 out out IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 14 plaques plaque NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 15 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 16 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 18 phages phage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 836 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 3 way way NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 6 phage phage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 7 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 8 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 9 propagated propagate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 10 up up IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 12 P p NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 13 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 837 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 2 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 3 passages passage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 6 phage phage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 7 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 8 V951 V951 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 10 V952 V952 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 12 V953 V953 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 14 V954 V954 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 838 16 V955 v955 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 2 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 3 original original JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 5 P p NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 6 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 8 P p NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 9 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 11 P p NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 12 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 15 stored store VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 16 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 17 -80 -80 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 18 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 19 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 839 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 2 four four CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 3 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 4 routes route NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 6 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 7 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 8 unsafe unsafe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 9 sex sex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 11 contaminated contaminated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 12 needles needle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 14 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 15 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 16 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 17 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 18 mother mother NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 19 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 20 her -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 21 baby baby NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 22 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 23 birth birth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 25 vertical vertical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 26 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 29 breast breast NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 30 milk milk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 840 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 1 Screening screening NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 3 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 4 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 6 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 7 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 8 largely largely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 9 eliminated eliminate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 10 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 11 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 12 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 13 transfusions transfusion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 14 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 15 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 16 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 17 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 20 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 21 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 841 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 2 2008 2008 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 4 globally globally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 6 about about RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 7 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 8 million million CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 9 people people NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 10 died die VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 12 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 14 33.4 33.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 15 million million CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 17 living live VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 18 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 19 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 21 2.7 2.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 22 million million CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 23 people people NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 24 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 25 newly newly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 26 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 27 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 29 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 842 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 1 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 2 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 4 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 5 deaths death NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 6 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 7 unevenly unevenly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 8 distributed distribute VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 9 geographically geographically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 12 nature nature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 15 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 16 vary vary VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 17 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 18 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 843 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 1 More More JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 2 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 3 90 90 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 4 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 6 people people NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 8 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 9 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 10 living live VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 13 developing develop VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 14 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 844 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 1 There there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 3 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 4 recognition recognition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 5 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 8 does do VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 9 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 10 discriminate discriminate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 12 age age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 14 race race NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 16 gender gender NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 18 ethnicity ethnicity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 20 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 845 21 status- status- NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 846 1 everyone everyone NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 846 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 846 3 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 846 4 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 3 certain certain JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 4 groups group NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 5 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 6 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 7 particular particular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 8 risk risk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 10 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 12 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 13 men man NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 14 who who WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 15 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 16 sex sex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 18 men man NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 20 MSM MSM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 23 injecting inject VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 24 drug drug NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 25 users user NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 27 IDUs IDUs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 31 commercial commercial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 32 sex sex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 33 workers worker NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 35 CSWs CSWs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 847 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 4 indicates indicate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 6 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 8 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 9 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 10 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 12 people people NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 13 residing reside VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 16 northern northern JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 17 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 19 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 20 predominantly predominantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 21 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 23 foothills foothill NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 26 Himalayas Himalayas NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 848 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 2 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 4 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 5 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 6 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 8 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 9 visiting visit VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 10 Herbertpur Herbertpur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 11 Christian Christian NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 12 Hospital Hospital NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 14 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 15 unit unit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 17 Emmanuel Emmanuel NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 18 Hospital Hospital NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 19 association association NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 21 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 23 integrated integrate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 24 counselling counselling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 26 testing testing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 27 centre centre NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 28 scheme scheme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 29 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 31 respective respective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 32 hospital hospital NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 33 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 34 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 35 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 36 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 37 2010 2010 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 849 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 2 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 3 indicates indicate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 5 screening screening NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 7 people people NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 8 groups group NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 9 residing reside VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 12 respective respective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 13 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 14 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 15 community community NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 16 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 17 schemes scheme NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 850 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 2 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 5 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 6 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 8 done do VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 10 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 11 types type NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 13 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 14 namely namely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 851 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 2 tridot tridot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 3 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 4 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 7 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 8 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 10 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 11 followed follow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 12 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 852 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 853 1 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 853 2 Coombs Coombs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 853 3 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 853 4 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 853 5 involves involve VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 853 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 853 7 DOT DOT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 853 8 immunoassay immunoassay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 853 9 principle principle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 853 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 854 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 854 2 third third JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 854 3 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 854 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 854 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 854 6 enzyme enzyme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 854 7 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 854 8 immunosorbent immunosorbent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 854 9 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 854 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 854 11 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 854 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 854 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 2 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 4 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 5 screened screen VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 6 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 8 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 10 September September NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 11 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 12 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 13 March March NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 14 2010 2010 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 15 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 16 635 635 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 17 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 18 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 19 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 20 coming come VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 21 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 22 four four CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 23 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 24 states state NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 25 namely namely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 26 Haryana Haryana NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 27 Uttarakhand Uttarakhand NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 28 Uttarpradesh Uttarpradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 30 Himachal Himachal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 31 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 855 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 2 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 4 people people NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 5 who who WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 7 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 8 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 9 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 10 8 8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 13 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 15 people people NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 16 who who WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 18 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 19 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 20 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 21 627 627 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 856 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 2 people people NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 3 tested test VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 4 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 5 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 6 sent send VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 9 higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 10 centre centre NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 11 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 12 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 13 confirmatory confirmatory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 14 tests test NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 15 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 16 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 17 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 19 western western JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 20 blot blot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 21 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 857 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 2 patients patient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 3 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 4 sent send VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 6 treatment treatment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 8 prophylaxis prophylaxis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 9 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 11 respective respective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 12 recognised recognise VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 13 centre centre NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 15 Dehradun Dehradun NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 858 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 4 determines determine VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 6 consistent consistent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 7 community community NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 8 HIV HIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 9 screening screening NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 11 treatment treatment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 12 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 13 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 14 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 15 counselling counselling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 17 awareness awareness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 18 programmes programme NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 859 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 1 Classical classical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 2 swine swine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 3 fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 5 CSF CSF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 7 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 8 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 10 hog hog NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 11 cholera cholera NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 12 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 13 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 14 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 15 contagious contagious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 17 fatal fatal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 18 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 20 swine swine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 860 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 861 1 CSF CSF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 861 2 became become VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 861 3 rapidly rapidly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 861 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 861 5 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 861 6 issue issue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 861 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 861 8 pig pig NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 861 9 industries industry NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 861 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 862 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 862 2 still still RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 862 3 causes cause VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 862 4 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 862 5 economical economical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 862 6 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 862 7 worldwide worldwide RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 862 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 863 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 863 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 863 3 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 863 4 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 863 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 863 6 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 863 7 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 863 8 problem problem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 863 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 863 10 swines swine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 863 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 863 12 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 863 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 1 During during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 3 month month NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 5 August August NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 7 October October NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 8 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 9 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 10 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 11 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 12 outbreak outbreak NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 14 classical classical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 15 swine swine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 16 fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 18 Bihar Bihar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 864 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 1 From from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 2 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 3 districts district NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 4 Darbhanga Darbhanga NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 6 Patna Patna NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 8 Supol Supol NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 10 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 11 36 36 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 12 numbers number NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 14 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 15 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 16 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 17 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 18 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 19 kidney kidney NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 21 spleen spleen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 23 lymphnode lymphnode NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 24 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 25 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 26 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 28 dead dead JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 29 morbid morbid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 30 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 31 pigs pig NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 865 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 1 Total Total NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 4 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 6 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 7 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 8 homogenate homogenate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 10 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 11 tissues tissue NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 13 sterile sterile JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 14 PBS PBS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 15 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 16 Tri Tri NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 17 - - NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 18 reagent reagent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 20 Sigma Sigma NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 22 USA USA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 24 according accord VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 25 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 27 manufacturer manufacturer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 28 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 29 instructions instruction NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 31 cDNA cdna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 32 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 33 prepared prepare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 34 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 35 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 36 commercial commercial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 37 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 38 kit kit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 866 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 867 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 867 2 cDNA cdna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 867 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 867 4 stored store VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 867 5 frozen frozen JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 867 6 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 867 7 -20 -20 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 867 8 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 867 9 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 867 10 until until IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 867 11 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 867 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 1 For for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 3 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 4 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 6 classical classical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 7 swine swine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 8 fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 9 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 10 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 11 nested nest VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 12 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 13 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 15 E2 E2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 17 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 18 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 19 NTR NTR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 20 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 21 done do VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 22 along along RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 23 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 24 NS5B NS5B NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 26 E e NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 27 rns rns NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 28 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 868 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 869 1 Primarily primarily RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 869 2 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 869 3 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 869 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 869 5 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 869 6 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 869 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 869 8 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 869 9 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 869 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 1 Further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 2 confirmation confirmation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 3 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 4 sequencing sequencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 6 done do VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 7 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 8 cloning clone VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 10 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 11 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 12 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 14 pGEM pGEM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 16 T t NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 17 easy easy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 18 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 870 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 1 E2 E2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 3 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 4 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 5 NTR NTR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 6 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 8 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 10 phylogentic phylogentic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 11 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 12 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 14 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 15 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 16 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 17 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 19 CSFV CSFV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 871 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 1 Nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 2 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 3 alignments alignment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 5 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 6 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 7 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 9 ClustalW ClustalW NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 10 program program NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 12 DNASTAR DNASTAR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 15 Phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 16 tree tree NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 17 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 19 DNASTAR DNASTAR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 21 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 22 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 23 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 24 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 25 NTR NTR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 26 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 27 close close JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 28 proximity proximity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 29 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 30 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 31 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 872 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 873 1 Accession Accession NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 873 2 No no NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 873 3 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 873 4 AY568569 AY568569 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 873 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 873 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 873 7 E2 E2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 873 8 shows show VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 873 9 close close JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 873 10 proximity proximity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 873 11 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 873 12 Chinese chinese JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 873 13 isolate isolate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 874 1 CSFV-39 CSFV-39 . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 875 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 875 2 Accession Accession NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 875 3 No No NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 875 4 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 875 5 AF407339 AF407339 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 875 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 875 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 1 Peste Peste NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 2 des des FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 3 petits petit NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 4 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 6 PPR PPR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 9 sheeppox sheeppox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 10 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 11 OIE OIE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 12 notifiable notifiable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 13 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 15 small small JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 16 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 17 especially especially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 18 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 20 goat goat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 876 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 1 Both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 3 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 5 economically economically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 6 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 9 enzootic enzootic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 10 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 11 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 12 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 14 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 15 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 16 constraints constraint NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 19 productivity productivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 21 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 877 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 1 Considering consider VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 3 geographical geographical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 4 distribution distribution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 6 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 7 PPR PPR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 9 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 10 pox pox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 11 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 13 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 15 mixed mixed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 16 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 20 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 21 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 23 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 25 potency potency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 28 experimental experimental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 29 duel duel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 30 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 31 comprising comprise VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 32 attenuated attenuated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 33 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 34 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 35 thermostable thermostable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 36 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 37 PPR ppr NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 38 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 40 PPRV PPRV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 41 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 42 Revati Revati NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 43 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 44 P-50 P-50 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 878 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 1 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 2 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 3 40 40 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 4 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 5 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 7 attenuated attenuated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 8 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 9 poxvirus poxvirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 11 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 13 Srinagar Srinagar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 15 P40 P40 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 17 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 18 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 20 local local JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 21 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 22 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 23 descript descript JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 24 sheep sheep NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 879 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 1 Experimental experimental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 2 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 4 grouped group VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 5 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 6 four four CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 7 groups group NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 9 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 10 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 12 comprising comprise VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 13 six six CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 14 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 16 received receive VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 17 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 18 doses dose NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 20 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 21 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 22 TCID TCID NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 23 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 26 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 27 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 29 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 30 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 31 TCID TCID NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 32 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 34 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 35 1/10th 1/10th CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 36 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 37 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 38 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 39 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 40 normal normal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 41 saline saline NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 42 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 43 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 44 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 45 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 46 ml ml NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 47 volume volume NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 48 subcutaneously subcutaneously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 49 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 50 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 880 51 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 1 Serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 2 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 4 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 5 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 6 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 8 7 7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 10 14 14 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 12 21 21 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 14 28th 28th JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 15 day day NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 16 post post NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 17 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 881 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 1 Sheep Sheep NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 2 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 3 immunized immunize VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 5 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 6 ml ml NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 8 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 9 consisting consist VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 11 either either DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 12 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 13 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 14 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 15 doses dose NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 17 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 19 PPRV PPRV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 21 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 22 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 23 monitored monitor VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 24 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 25 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 27 serological serological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 28 responses response NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 29 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 30 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 31 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 33 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 34 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 35 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 36 weeks week NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 37 post post NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 38 - - NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 39 immunization immunization JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 41 pi pi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 43 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 44 post post NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 45 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 46 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 47 pc pc NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 882 49 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 1 Specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 2 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 3 responses response NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 4 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 6 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 7 directed direct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 9 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 10 PPRV PPRV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 12 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 13 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 14 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 15 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 16 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 17 PPR PPR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 18 competitive competitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 19 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 20 kit kit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 22 capripox capripox VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 23 indirect indirect JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 24 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 26 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 27 following follow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 28 immunization immunization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 883 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 1 All all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 3 immunized immunize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 4 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 5 ' ' POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 6 resisted resist VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 7 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 8 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 9 challenged challenge VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 11 virulent virulent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 12 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 14 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 16 Srinagar Srinagar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 17 isolate isolate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 18 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 19 P-6 P-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 21 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 22 day day NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 23 28 28 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 24 dpi dpi NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 26 while while IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 27 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 28 contact contact NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 29 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 30 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 31 developed develop VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 32 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 33 signs sign NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 34 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 35 sheeppox sheeppox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 884 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 2 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 5 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 6 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 7 PPR PPR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 9 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 10 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 11 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 13 however however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 16 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 17 titre titre NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 18 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 19 immunization immunization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 20 determined determine VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 21 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 22 SNT SNT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 24 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 26 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 27 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 28 protective protective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 29 titre titre NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 31 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 32 per per IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 33 earlier early JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 34 report report NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 35 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 36 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 37 goats goat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 885 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 1 Dual dual JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 2 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 4 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 5 safe safe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 6 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 7 higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 8 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 10 induced induce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 11 protective protective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 12 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 13 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 14 even even RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 15 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 16 lower low JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 17 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 19 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 20 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 21 TCID TCID NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 22 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 24 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 25 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 27 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 28 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 29 evident evident JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 30 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 31 sero sero NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 32 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 33 conversion conversion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 34 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 35 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 36 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 37 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 38 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 39 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 40 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 886 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 2 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 3 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 5 both both PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 7 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 8 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 9 compatible compatible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 11 did do VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 12 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 13 interfere interfere VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 14 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 15 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 16 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 18 eliciting elicit VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 19 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 20 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 22 paving pave VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 24 feasibility feasibility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 26 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 28 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 29 dual dual JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 30 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 31 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 32 combating combat VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 33 both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 34 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 35 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 887 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 1 Goatpox Goatpox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 3 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 6 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 7 contagious contagious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 9 OIE OIE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 10 notifiable notifiable NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 12 economically economically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 13 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 14 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 15 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 17 goats goat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 888 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 4 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 6 goatpox goatpox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 9 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 11 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 12 classified classify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 15 genus genus JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 16 Capripoxvirus Capripoxvirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 19 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 20 Poxviridae Poxviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 889 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 3 incurs incur VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 4 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 5 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 6 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 8 terms term NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 10 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 11 morbidity morbidity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 13 adults adult NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 15 heavy heavy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 16 mortality mortality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 18 young young JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 19 kids kid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 21 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 22 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 23 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 24 constraint constraint NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 26 goat goat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 27 farming farming NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 28 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 29 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 890 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 1 Considering consider VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 3 enzotic enzotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 4 nature nature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 6 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 7 impact impact NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 10 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 13 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 14 all all RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 15 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 16 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 17 control control VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 19 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 20 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 21 developing develop VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 22 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 23 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 24 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 891 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 1 Recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 3 Vero Vero NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 4 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 5 based base VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 6 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 7 live live JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 8 attenuated attenuated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 9 goat goat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 10 pox pox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 11 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 12 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 13 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 14 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 15 Uttarkashi Uttarkashi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 16 isolate isolate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 18 P60 P60 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 20 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 21 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 22 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 24 authors author NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 25 ' ' POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 26 laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 28 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 29 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 30 goats goat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 892 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 2 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 4 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 5 safe safe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 7 potent potent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 9 immunogenic immunogenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 10 experimentally experimentally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 12 even even RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 13 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 14 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 15 trials trial NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 893 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 2 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 3 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 4 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 5 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 6 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 7 large large JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 8 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 9 scale scale NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 10 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 11 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 12 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 15 country country NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 17 found find VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 18 suitable suitable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 19 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 20 mass mass JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 21 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 894 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 895 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 895 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 895 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 895 4 longevity longevity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 895 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 895 6 potency potency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 895 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 895 8 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 895 9 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 895 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 3 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 4 long long JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 5 term term NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 6 potency potency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 7 trials trial NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 8 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 9 studied study VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 11 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 12 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 14 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 15 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 16 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 17 annual annual JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 18 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 19 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 20 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 21 virulent virulent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 22 goatpox goatpox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 23 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 25 sero sero NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 26 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 27 monitoring monitoring NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 896 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 2 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 3 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 5 hill hill NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 6 goats goat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 7 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 8 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 9 vaccinated vaccinate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 11 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 12 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 14 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 16 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 17 2.5 2.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 18 TCID TCID NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 19 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 20 /ml /ml . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 23 monitored monitor VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 24 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 25 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 27 serological serological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 28 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 897 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 1 Every every DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 2 year year NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 4 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 5 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 7 vaccinated vaccinated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 9 n n NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 10 = = SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 11 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 14 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 15 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 17 n n NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 18 = = SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 19 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 21 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 22 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 23 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 24 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 25 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 26 virulent virulent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 27 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 898 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 899 1 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 899 2 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 899 3 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 899 4 7.0 7.0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 899 5 SRD SRD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 899 6 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 899 7 /ml /ml NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 899 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 899 9 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 899 10 Mukteswar Mukteswar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 899 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 899 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 1 Sera Sera NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 3 pre pre JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 4 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 6 post post VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 7 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 8 challenged challenge VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 10 14 14 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 11 dpc dpc NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 13 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 14 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 15 controls control NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 16 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 17 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 18 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 20 monitored monitor VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 21 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 22 serological serological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 23 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 24 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 26 form form NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 28 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 29 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 30 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 31 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 32 SNT SNT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 33 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 34 indirect indirect JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 35 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 900 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 1 All all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 3 vaccinated vaccinate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 4 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 6 protected protect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 7 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 8 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 10 whereas whereas RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 12 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 13 unvaccinated unvaccinated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 14 controls control NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 15 developed develop VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 16 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 901 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 902 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 902 2 same same JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 902 3 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 902 4 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 902 5 reflected reflect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 902 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 902 7 sero sero NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 902 8 monitoring monitoring NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 902 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 902 10 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 902 11 sera sera NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 902 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 1 So so RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 3 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 4 live live JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 5 attenuated attenuated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 6 goat goat NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 7 pox pox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 8 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 10 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 11 safe safe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 13 immunogenic immunogenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 15 potent potent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 16 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 17 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 18 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 20 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 21 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 23 immunization immunization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 25 suitable suitable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 26 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 27 mass mass JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 28 scale scale NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 29 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 31 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 33 eradication eradication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 34 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 35 goat goat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 36 pox pox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 37 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 38 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 39 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 40 / / , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 41 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 42 suitable suitable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 43 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 44 tool tool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 45 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 46 s s NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 47 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 48 goatpox goatpox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 49 enzootic enzootic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 50 country country NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 51 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 52 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 903 53 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 1 Rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 2 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 4 avian avian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 5 species species NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 6 varies vary VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 7 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 8 subclinical subclinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 9 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 10 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 11 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 13 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 904 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 2 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 3 significance significance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 5 rotaviral rotaviral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 6 enteritis enteritis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 9 poultry poultry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 10 industry industry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 11 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 12 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 13 yet yet RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 14 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 15 defined define VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 17 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 18 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 19 analogy analogy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 20 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 22 situation situation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 24 mammals mammal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 26 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 27 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 28 likely likely JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 29 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 30 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 31 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 905 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 1 Unlike unlike IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 3 extensive extensive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 4 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 5 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 6 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 7 rotavirus rotavirus JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 8 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 10 humans human NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 12 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 14 limited limited JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 15 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 16 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 17 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 18 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 19 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 20 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 21 determine determine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 23 extent extent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 25 exposure exposure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 27 poultry poultry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 28 birds bird NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 29 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 30 rotaviruses rotavirus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 906 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 907 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 907 2 determine determine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 907 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 907 4 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 907 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 907 6 avian avian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 907 7 rotavirus rotavirus JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 907 8 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 907 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 907 10 commercial commercial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 907 11 broiler broiler NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 907 12 chickens chicken NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 907 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 2 total total NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 4 120 120 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 5 chicken chicken NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 6 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 7 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 8 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 9 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 10 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 12 lairage lairage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 15 poultry poultry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 16 slaughter slaughter NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 17 house house NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 18 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 19 birds bird NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 20 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 21 four four CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 22 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 23 broiler broiler NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 24 farms farm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 27 around around IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 28 Pune Pune NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 29 city city NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 30 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 31 supplied supply VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 32 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 908 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 2 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 3 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 5 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 7 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 8 IgG IgG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 9 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 10 capture capture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 11 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 12 wherein wherein WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 13 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 14 chicken chicken NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 15 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 16 Ch2 Ch2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 17 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 18 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 19 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 20 coating coating NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 21 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 909 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 1 Sera Sera NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 2 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 3 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 4 pathogen pathogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 5 free free JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 7 SPF SPF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 9 chick chick NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 11 n n NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 12 = = SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 13 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 15 served serve VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 16 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 17 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 18 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 21 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 910 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 911 1 Cut cut VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 911 2 off off RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 911 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 911 4 calculated calculate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 911 5 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 911 6 Mean mean JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 911 7 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 911 8 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 911 9 ? ? . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 912 1 3SD 3SD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 912 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 912 3 standard standard JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 912 4 deviation deviation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 912 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 912 6 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 913 1 S S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 913 2 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 913 3 CO CO NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 913 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 913 5 mean mean VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 914 1 sample sample NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 914 2 OD OD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 914 3 450 450 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 914 4 /cut /cut NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 914 5 off off RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 914 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 1 values value NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 2 above above IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 3 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 5 1.113 1.113 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 6 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 7 4.445 4.445 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 10 60 60 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 11 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 13 72/120 72/120 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 15 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 16 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 18 indicating indicate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 19 positivity positivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 20 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 21 rotavirus rotavirus JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 22 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 915 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 2 result result NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 5 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 6 indicates indicate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 7 exposure exposure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 10 birds bird NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 12 avian avian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 13 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 14 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 15 similar similar JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 16 agent agent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 17 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 18 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 19 circulating circulate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 21 Pune Pune NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 22 city city NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 916 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 917 1 Bluetongue Bluetongue NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 917 2 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 917 3 become become VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 917 4 established establish VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 917 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 917 6 south south JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 917 7 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 917 8 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 917 9 regular regular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 917 10 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 917 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 917 12 sheep sheep NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 917 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 1 BTV BTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 2 serotypes serotypes NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 3 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 5 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 7 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 9 21 21 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 11 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 12 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 13 native native JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 14 sheep sheep NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 16 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 17 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 918 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 919 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 919 2 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 919 3 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 919 4 circulating circulate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 919 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 919 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 919 7 state state NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 919 8 need need VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 919 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 919 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 919 11 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 919 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 920 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 920 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 920 3 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 920 4 constraint constraint NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 920 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 920 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 920 7 serotype serotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 920 8 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 920 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 2 overcome overcome VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 4 difficulties difficulty NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 6 traditional traditional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 7 serotyping serotyping NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 8 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 10 neutralization neutralization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 11 tests test NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 14 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 15 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 16 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 17 tests test NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 18 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 19 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 20 tried try VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 921 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 1 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 3 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 4 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 5 serotyping serotyping NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 7 standardized standardize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 8 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 9 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 10 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 12 VP2 vp2 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 13 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 15 BTV-2 BTV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 17 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 19 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 20 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 922 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 1 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 3 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 4 resulted result VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 6 653 653 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 7 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 8 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 10 BTV-2 BTV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 12 1241 1241 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 13 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 14 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 16 BTV-9 BTV-9 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 17 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 18 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 19 defined define VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 20 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 21 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 22 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 923 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 2 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 3 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 4 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 5 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 6 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 7 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 8 sites site NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 9 i.e. i.e. IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 10 700 700 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 11 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 13 1500 1500 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 14 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 15 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 16 noticed notice VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 17 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 18 BTV-15 BTV-15 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 924 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 925 1 Specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 925 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 925 3 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 925 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 925 5 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 925 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 925 7 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 925 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 1 BTV-2 btv-2 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 3 BTV-9 btv-9 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 4 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 5 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 6 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 7 amplify amplify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 8 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 9 BTV-2 BTV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 11 BTV-9 btv-9 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 12 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 13 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 14 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 15 BTV-15 btv-15 DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 16 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 17 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 18 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 19 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 20 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 21 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 926 22 BTV-15 btv-15 XX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 927 1 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 927 2 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 927 3 BTV-2 btv-2 VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 928 1 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 928 2 BTV-9 BTV-9 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 928 3 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 1 Nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 2 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 3 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 4 data datum NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 5 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 7 BTV-2 BTV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 8 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 9 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 11 BTV-9 btv-9 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 12 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 13 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 15 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 16 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 17 VP2 vp2 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 18 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 929 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 930 1 BTV-2 btv-2 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 930 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 930 3 BTV-9 btv-9 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 930 4 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 930 5 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 3 700 700 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 5 1500 1500 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 6 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 7 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 9 BTV-15 BTV-15 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 11 identical identical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 12 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 13 VP VP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 14 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 15 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 17 BTV-2 BTV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 19 8 8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 21 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 23 11 11 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 25 13 13 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 27 18 18 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 29 VP VP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 30 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 31 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 33 BTV-2 BTV-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 34 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 35 8 8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 36 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 37 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 38 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 39 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 40 indicating indicate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 41 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 42 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 43 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 44 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 45 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 46 BTV-15 BTV-15 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 931 47 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 1 Foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 3 mouth mouth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 4 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 7 most most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 8 contagions contagion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 10 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 11 economically economically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 12 impotent impotent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 13 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 15 cloven cloven NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 16 footed footed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 17 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 932 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 4 controlled control VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 6 regular regular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 7 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 8 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 10 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 11 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 12 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 15 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 18 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 19 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 933 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 2 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 3 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 4 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 6 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 7 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 8 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 9 selected select VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 10 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 12 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 13 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 14 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 15 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 17 adaptability adaptability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 19 growth growth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 20 kinetics kinetic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 22 BHK21 BHK21 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 23 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 25 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 26 coverage coverage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 934 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 3 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 4 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 5 need need VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 7 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 8 passaged passage VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 9 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 10 times time NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 12 adapt adapt VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 14 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 15 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 935 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 1 Passage passage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 3 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 4 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 6 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 7 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 8 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 9 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 11 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 13 mutants mutant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 14 whose whose WP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 15 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 16 makeup makeup NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 17 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 18 differ differ VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 19 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 21 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 22 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 23 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 24 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 27 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 28 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 29 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 30 fail fail VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 31 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 32 adapt adapt VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 33 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 34 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 35 grow grow VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 36 poorly poorly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 37 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 38 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 39 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 40 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 41 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 42 thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 43 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 44 efficiency efficiency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 45 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 46 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 47 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 48 gets get VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 49 affected affect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 936 50 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 1 Structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 2 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 4 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 5 carry carry VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 7 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 8 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 9 determine determine VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 11 serotype serotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 12 specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 14 immunogenicity immunogenicity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 937 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 2 one one PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 3 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 4 replace replace VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 6 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 7 coding code VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 9 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 10 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 11 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 13 full full JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 14 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 15 cDNA cdna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 16 copy copy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 19 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 20 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 21 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 22 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 23 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 24 adapted adapt VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 25 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 27 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 28 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 29 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 31 poly poly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 32 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 33 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 34 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 35 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 37 PI PI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 39 so so IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 40 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 41 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 42 chimeric chimeric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 43 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 44 gets get VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 45 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 46 serotype serotype JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 47 specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 48 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 49 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 50 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 51 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 52 besides besides IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 53 retaining retain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 54 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 55 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 56 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 57 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 58 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 59 needed need VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 60 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 61 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 62 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 63 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 938 64 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 939 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 939 2 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 939 3 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 939 4 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 939 5 competent competent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 939 6 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 939 7 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 2 full full JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 3 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 4 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 6 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 7 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 8 T7 T7 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 10 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 11 promoter promoter NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 12 separately separately RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 14 plasmid plasmid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 15 vectors vector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 940 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 1 Bam Bam NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 2 H1 H1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 3 sites site NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 5 created create VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 7 inserting insert VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 8 PI-2A PI-2A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 9 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 11 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 12 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 13 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 941 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 2 P1 P1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 4 2A 2a CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 6 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 7 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 8 O o UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 9 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 10 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 11 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 13 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 14 directly directly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 15 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 17 cattle cattle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 18 tongue tongue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 19 material material NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 21 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 22 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 23 plasmid plasmid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 24 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 26 studied study VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 28 specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 29 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 30 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 31 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 33 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 34 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 942 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 2 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 3 introduced introduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 4 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 5 O o UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 6 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 7 P1 p1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 8 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 9 2A 2a CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 10 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 11 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 13 full full JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 14 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 15 construct construct NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 16 devoid devoid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 18 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 19 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 20 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 21 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 22 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 24 P1 P1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 25 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 943 26 2A. 2a. CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 2 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 3 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 4 transcribed transcribe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 7 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 9 T7 t7 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 10 promotered promotere VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 11 construct construct NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 13 plasmid plasmid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 14 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 16 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 18 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 19 promotered promotere VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 20 construct construct NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 21 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 22 transfected transfecte VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 23 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 25 BHK21 BHK21 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 26 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 944 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 945 1 After after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 945 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 945 3 passaging passaging NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 945 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 945 5 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 945 6 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 945 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 945 8 studied study VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 945 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 945 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 945 11 speciality speciality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 945 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 2 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 3 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 4 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 5 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 6 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 7 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 9 rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 10 selection selection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 12 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 13 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 15 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 16 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 17 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 18 repository repository NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 21 cDNA cdna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 22 copy copy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 25 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 946 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 2 P1 P1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 4 composed compose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 6 1A 1a CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 8 1B 1b CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 10 1C 1C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 12 1D 1D NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 14 VP4 VP4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 16 VP2 vp2 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 18 VP3 VP3 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 21 VP1 VP1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 947 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 1 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 3 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 5 VP1 VP1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 6 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 8 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 9 immunogenic immunogenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 11 subunit subunit JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 12 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 13 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 14 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 15 VP1 VP1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 948 16 alone alone JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 949 1 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 949 2 able able JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 949 3 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 949 4 induce induce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 949 5 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 949 6 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 949 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 949 8 neutralising neutralise VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 949 9 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 949 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 2 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 3 control control VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 5 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 7 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 8 polyvalent polyvalent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 9 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 10 consisting consist VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 13 inactivated inactivate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 16 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 18 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 19 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 20 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 22 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 950 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 3 conventional conventional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 4 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 5 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 6 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 7 drawbacks drawback NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 8 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 9 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 10 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 12 temperature temperature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 13 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 951 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 1 Hence hence RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 2 alternatively alternatively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 3 sub sub JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 4 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 5 unit unit JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 6 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 7 consisting consist VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 9 VP1 VP1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 10 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 11 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 12 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 13 tried try VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 952 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 3 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 4 limited limited JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 5 success success NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 6 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 9 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 10 variations variation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 11 occurring occur VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 14 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 15 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 16 thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 17 escaping escape VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 19 neutralization neutralization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 20 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 22 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 23 generated generate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 24 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 25 single single JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 26 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 27 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 953 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 1 Hence hence RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 3 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 4 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 6 undertaken undertake VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 8 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 9 objective objective NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 11 include include VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 12 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 14 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 15 epitopes epitope NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 16 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 19 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 20 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 21 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 22 linking link VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 23 VP1 VP1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 25 1D 1D NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 27 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 29 produce produce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 30 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 31 poly poly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 32 valent valent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 33 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 34 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 35 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 36 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 37 poly poly NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 38 subunit subunit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 39 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 954 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 5 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 6 constructed construct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 8 cassette cassette NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 10 linking link VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 12 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 14 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 15 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 16 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 17 O o UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 18 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 20 622 622 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 21 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 24 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 25 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 26 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 28 640 640 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 29 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 32 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 33 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 34 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 35 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 37 622 622 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 38 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 955 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 2 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 4 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 5 individually individually RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 7 commercially commercially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 8 pBSk pbsk CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 9 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 11 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 12 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 13 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 14 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 15 before before IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 16 linking link VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 18 pC pc JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 19 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 20 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 956 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 957 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 957 2 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 957 3 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 957 4 construct construct NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 957 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 957 6 sub sub JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 957 7 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 957 8 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 957 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 957 10 pET32 pet32 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 957 11 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 957 12 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 957 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 2 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 5 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 6 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 7 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 9 pET pet CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 10 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 12 induced induce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 14 IPTG IPTG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 16 analysed analyse VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 17 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 18 sodium sodium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 19 dodecyl dodecyl NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 20 sulphate sulphate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 21 polyacrylamide polyacrylamide NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 22 gel gel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 23 electrophoresis electrophoresis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 25 SDS SDS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 26 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 27 PAGE PAGE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 958 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 959 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 959 2 fusion fusion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 959 3 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 959 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 959 5 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 959 6 72 72 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 959 7 kDa kDa NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 959 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 959 9 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 959 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 959 11 PAGE page NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 959 12 gels gel NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 959 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 960 1 Since since IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 960 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 960 3 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 960 4 contains contain VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 960 5 6 6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 1 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 2 residues residue NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 3 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 5 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 6 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 8 N n CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 10 terminal terminal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 11 end end NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 13 affinity affinity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 14 purification purification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 15 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 16 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 17 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 18 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 19 nickel nickel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 20 nitrilo nitrilo JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 21 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 22 tri tri JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 23 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 24 acetic acetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 25 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 26 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 28 Ni Ni NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 29 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 30 NTA NTA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 32 agarose agarose VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 33 matrix matrix NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 961 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 2 immunoreactivity immunoreactivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 5 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 6 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 8 assayed assay VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 10 western western JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 11 blot blot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 12 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 14 anti anti JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 15 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 16 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 17 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 18 O o UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 19 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 21 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 22 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 23 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 24 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 25 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 26 sera sera NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 962 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 963 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 963 2 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 963 3 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 963 4 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 963 5 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 963 6 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 963 7 subunit subunit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 963 8 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 963 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 1 Silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 2 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 3 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 4 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 5 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 7 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 9 fungi fungus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 11 protozoans protozoan NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 12 form form VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 13 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 14 constraints constraint NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 17 silk silk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 18 cocoon cocoon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 19 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 21 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 23 sericultural sericultural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 24 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 26 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 27 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 28 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 29 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 30 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 31 viz viz NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 964 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 965 1 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 965 2 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 965 3 polyhedrosis polyhedrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 965 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 965 5 infectious infectious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 965 6 flacherie flacherie NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 965 7 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 965 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 966 1 BmNPV BmNPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 966 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 966 3 BmIFV BmIFV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 966 4 cause cause VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 966 5 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 966 6 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 966 7 loss loss NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 966 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 2 traditional traditional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 3 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 4 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 5 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 6 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 7 prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 8 measures measure NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 10 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 12 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 13 free free JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 14 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 15 eggs egg NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 967 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 2 prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 3 measures measure NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 4 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 5 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 6 disinfection disinfection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 8 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 9 rearing rear VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 10 house house NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 12 appliances appliance NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 14 egg egg NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 15 surface surface NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 17 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 18 bed bed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 19 disinfection disinfection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 21 rearing rearing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 22 surroundings surrounding NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 968 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 2 disinfectants disinfectant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 3 used use VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 4 presently presently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 6 sericulture sericulture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 7 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 8 either either CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 9 formaldehyde formaldehyde NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 10 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 11 chlorine chlorine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 12 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 13 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 15 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 16 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 17 chemicals chemical NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 18 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 19 neither neither RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 20 eco eco NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 21 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 22 nor nor CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 23 user user NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 25 friendly friendly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 969 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 2 awareness awareness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 3 about about IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 4 health health NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 5 hazards hazard NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 6 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 7 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 8 formaldehyde formaldehyde NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 10 environmental environmental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 11 pollution pollution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 12 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 13 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 14 Cl Cl NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 15 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 16 necessitated necessitate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 18 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 20 eco eco NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 21 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 23 user user NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 25 friendly friendly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 26 disinfectant disinfectant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 27 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 28 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 29 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 31 sericulture sericulture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 970 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 2 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 3 alternative alternative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 4 disinfectant disinfectant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 5 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 6 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 7 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 8 biodegradable biodegradable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 9 chemicals chemical NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 11 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 12 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 13 ingredients ingredient NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 14 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 15 APSSRDI APSSRDI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 17 Hindupur Hindupur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 19 Central Central NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 20 Silk Silk NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 21 Board Board NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 22 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 24 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 26 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 27 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 28 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 29 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 971 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 2 ideal ideal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 3 disinfectant disinfectant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 4 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 5 sericulture sericulture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 6 would would MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 7 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 9 one one NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 10 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 11 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 12 inactivate inactivate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 13 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 14 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 16 diverse diverse JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 17 origin origin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 19 economical economical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 20 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 21 sericulture sericulture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 972 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 2 paper paper NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 3 discusses discuss VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 4 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 6 disadvantages disadvantage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 8 HCHO HCHO NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 10 Cl Cl NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 11 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 12 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 13 disinfectants disinfectant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 15 advantages advantage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 17 eco eco NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 18 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 20 user user NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 21 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 22 friendly friendly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 23 disinfectant disinfectant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 24 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 26 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 28 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 29 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 30 especially especially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 32 ones one NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 33 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 34 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 35 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 973 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 2 Baculovirus Baculovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 3 Expression Expression NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 4 Vector Vector NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 5 System System NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 7 BEVS BEVS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 10 widely widely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 11 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 12 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 14 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 16 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 17 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 19 properly properly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 20 post post JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 21 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 22 translationally translationally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 23 modified modify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 25 biologically biologically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 26 active active JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 28 functional functional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 29 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 30 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 32 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 33 facilitated facilitate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 34 basic basic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 35 biomedical biomedical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 36 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 37 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 38 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 39 structure structure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 40 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 41 function function NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 42 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 43 drug drug NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 44 discovery discovery NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 45 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 46 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 47 roles role NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 48 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 49 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 50 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 51 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 52 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 974 53 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 1 BEVS BEVS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 3 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 4 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 6 introduction introduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 9 foreign foreign JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 10 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 11 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 12 nonessential nonessential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 14 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 15 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 16 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 17 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 18 via via IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 20 homologous homologous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 21 recombination recombination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 22 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 23 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 24 transfer transfer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 25 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 26 containing contain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 27 target target NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 28 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 975 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 2 resulting result VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 3 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 4 baculovirus baculovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 5 lacks lack VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 6 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 8 nonessential nonessential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 9 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 11 polh polh NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 13 v v NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 14 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 15 cath cath NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 17 chiA chia JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 18 etc etc FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 976 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 1 replaced replace VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 2 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 3 foreign foreign JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 4 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 5 encoding encode VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 6 heterologous heterologous NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 7 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 8 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 9 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 11 expressed express VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 13 cultured cultured JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 14 insect insect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 15 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 17 insect insect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 18 larvae larva NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 977 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 978 1 Insect insect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 978 2 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 978 3 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 978 4 BEV BEV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 978 5 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 978 6 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 978 7 widely widely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 978 8 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 978 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 978 10 produce produce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 978 11 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 978 12 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 978 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 1 BEVS BEVS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 2 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 3 eliminates eliminate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 4 concerns concern NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 5 regarding regard VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 6 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 7 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 8 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 9 potentially potentially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 11 transmitted transmit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 12 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 13 humans human NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 14 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 16 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 17 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 18 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 19 infectious infectious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 20 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 21 vertebral vertebral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 22 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 979 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 2 features feature NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 3 make make VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 4 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 5 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 6 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 7 ideal ideal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 8 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 10 delivery delivery NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 11 package package NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 12 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 13 producing produce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 14 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 16 medicinal medicinal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 17 importance importance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 980 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 2 efficiency efficiency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 4 low low JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 5 cost cost NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 7 large large JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 8 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 9 scale scale NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 10 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 12 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 13 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 14 BEVS BEVS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 15 represents represent VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 16 breakthrough breakthrough NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 17 technology technology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 18 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 19 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 20 facilitating facilitate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 21 highthroughput highthroughput NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 22 proteomic proteomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 23 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 981 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 2 BEVS BEVS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 3 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 4 become become VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 6 core core NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 7 technology technology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 9 cloning cloning NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 11 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 13 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 14 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 15 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 17 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 18 structure structure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 20 processing processing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 22 function function NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 23 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 24 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 26 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 27 reagents reagent NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 28 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 29 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 31 regulation regulation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 33 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 34 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 35 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 36 commercial commercial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 37 exploration exploration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 38 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 39 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 40 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 41 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 42 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 43 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 44 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 45 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 46 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 47 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 48 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 49 drug drug NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 50 discovery discovery NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 51 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 52 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 53 exploration exploration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 54 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 55 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 56 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 57 safer safe JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 58 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 59 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 60 selective selective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 61 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 62 environmentally environmentally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 63 compatible compatible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 64 biopesticides biopesticide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 982 65 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 1 Utilization utilization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 3 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 4 larvae larva NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 6 pupae pupa NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 8 bioreactor bioreactor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 10 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 11 BmNPV BmNPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 12 producing produce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 13 foreign foreign JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 14 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 15 extends extend VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 17 usages usage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 19 silkworms silkworm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 983 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 1 Due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 2 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 3 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 4 large large JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 5 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 6 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 8 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 9 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 10 synthesis synthesis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 11 ability ability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 12 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 13 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 14 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 16 expediency expediency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 18 mass mass NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 19 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 21 silkworm silkworm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 22 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 23 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 24 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 25 good good JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 26 candidate candidate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 27 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 28 producing produce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 29 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 30 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 984 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 1 WSSBV WSSBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 4 causative causative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 5 agent agent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 8 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 10 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 11 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 12 recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 13 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 14 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 15 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 16 mortalities mortality NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 18 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 19 damage damage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 20 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 21 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 22 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 985 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 986 1 WSSBV WSSBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 986 2 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 986 3 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 986 4 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 986 5 across across IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 986 6 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 986 7 penaeid penaeid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 986 8 shrimp shrimp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 986 9 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 986 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 2 order order NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 3 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 4 develop develop VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 6 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 7 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 8 tool tool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 11 WSSBV WSSBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 12 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 13 library library NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 14 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 15 constructed construct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 16 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 17 cloning clone VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 18 WSSBV WSSBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 19 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 20 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 21 extracted extract VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 22 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 23 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 24 virions virion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 987 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 3 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 4 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 5 WSSV WSSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 6 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 7 free free JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 9 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 11 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 12 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 15 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 16 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 17 hatcheries hatchery NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 19 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 20 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 22 Guntur Guntur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 24 Prakasam Prakasam NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 25 districts district NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 27 analysed analyse VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 28 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 29 study study VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 31 effect effect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 33 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 34 physical physical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 35 parameters parameter NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 36 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 37 temperature temperature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 38 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 39 p p NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 40 H h NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 41 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 42 salinity salinity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 43 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 44 turbidity turbidity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 45 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 46 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 47 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 48 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 49 above above JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 50 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 988 51 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 2 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 3 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 5 surface surface NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 6 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 7 temperature temperature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 8 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 9 fluctuations fluctuation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 12 ponds pond NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 13 ranging range VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 14 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 15 19 19 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 16 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 17 30.2 30.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 18 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 19 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 21 diseased diseased JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 22 ponds pond NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 24 25.2 25.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 25 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 26 34.5 34.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 27 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 28 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 29 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 30 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 31 ponds pond NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 989 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 990 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 990 2 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 990 3 show show VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 990 4 definite definite JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 990 5 influence influence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 990 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 990 7 temperature temperature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 990 8 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 990 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 990 10 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 990 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 990 12 WSSV WSSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 990 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 1 Present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 2 day day NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 3 strategy strategy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 5 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 6 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 8 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 9 include include VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 10 marker marker NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 11 facility facility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 12 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 13 helps help VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 15 distinguishing distinguish VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 16 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 17 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 18 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 19 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 20 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 21 vis vis FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 22 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 23 à à FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 25 vis vis FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 26 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 27 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 28 vaccinated vaccinated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 29 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 991 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 1 Such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 2 information information NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 3 becomes become VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 4 relevant relevant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 6 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 7 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 8 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 9 programmes programme NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 10 especially especially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 11 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 12 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 13 inactivated inactivate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 15 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 16 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 17 foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 19 mouth mouth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 20 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 22 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 992 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 2 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 3 generated generate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 6 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 8 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 9 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 10 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 12 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 14 measure measure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 16 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 17 efficacy efficacy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 19 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 993 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 1 Presently presently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 2 inactivated inactivate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 3 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 6 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 8 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 9 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 10 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 12 control control VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 14 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 17 endemic endemic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 18 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 19 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 20 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 994 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 2 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 3 assurance assurance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 6 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 7 depends depend VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 8 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 10 efficacy efficacy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 13 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 15 generating generate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 16 protective protective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 17 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 18 without without IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 19 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 20 subclinical subclinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 21 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 22 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 23 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 24 improper improper JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 25 inactivation inactivation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 995 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 1 Since since IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 2 protective protective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 3 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 4 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 6 vaccinated vaccinate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 7 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 8 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 9 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 11 distinguished distinguish VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 12 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 13 that that DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 15 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 16 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 17 one one PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 18 needs need VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 19 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 20 assay assay VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 22 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 23 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 24 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 25 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 26 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 27 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 29 NSPs NSPs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 33 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 34 must must MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 35 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 36 free free JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 37 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 38 contaminated contaminated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 39 NSPs nsp NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 996 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 1 Production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 3 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 4 free free JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 6 NSPs nsp NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 7 requires require VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 9 cumbersome cumbersome JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 10 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 12 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 13 purification purification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 14 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 15 adds add VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 16 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 18 cost cost NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 21 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 997 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 1 Alternatively alternatively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 2 one one PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 3 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 4 develop develop VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 6 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 7 marker marker NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 8 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 10 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 11 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 12 foreign foreign JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 13 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 14 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 15 epitope epitope NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 16 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 17 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 18 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 19 expected expect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 20 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 21 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 22 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 25 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 28 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 29 generated generate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 30 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 31 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 32 helps help VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 33 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 34 detecting detect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 35 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 36 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 37 related relate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 38 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 998 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 1 Here here RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 3 report report VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 5 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 6 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 7 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 8 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 9 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 10 introduced introduce VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 11 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 12 immuno immuno JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 13 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 14 dominant dominant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 15 epitope epitope NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 17 green green JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 18 fluorescent fluorescent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 19 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 21 GFP GFP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 23 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 25 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 26 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 27 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 29 foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 31 mouth mouth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 32 disease disease NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 33 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 999 34 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1000 1 strain strain VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1000 2 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1000 3 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1000 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1000 5 63/72 63/72 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1000 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1000 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 2 laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 3 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 4 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 6 mini mini NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 7 - - NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 8 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 10 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 11 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 12 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 13 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 14 lacks lack VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 15 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 16 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 17 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 19 P1 P1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 20 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 21 2A 2a CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 23 coding code VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 24 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 25 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 27 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 28 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 30 VP1 VP1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 31 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 32 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 34 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 35 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 36 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 37 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 38 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 39 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 40 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 42 pCFL pCFL NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 43 DAsia DAsia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 44 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1001 46 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 2 P1 P1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 4 2A 2a CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 7 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 8 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 9 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 10 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 12 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 13 separately separately RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 14 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 15 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 16 plasmid plasmid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 17 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 19 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 20 successive successive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 21 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 22 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 24 cloning clone VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 25 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 26 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 27 introduced introduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 28 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 29 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 30 corresponding correspond VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 31 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 32 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 33 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 34 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 35 epitope epitope NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 36 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 37 GFP GFP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 38 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 39 P1 P1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 40 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 41 2A 2a CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 42 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1002 43 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 1 GFP GFP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 2 epitope epitope NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 4 inserted insert VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 6 replacement replacement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 7 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 8 N n CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 10 terminal terminal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 11 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 13 VP-2 VP-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 14 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 15 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 16 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 17 immunogenic immunogenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1003 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1004 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1004 2 modified modify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1004 3 P1 P1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1004 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1004 5 2A 2A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1004 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1004 7 expressed express VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1004 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1004 9 E. E. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1004 10 coli coli NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1004 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1004 12 studied study VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1004 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 2 modified modify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 3 P1 P1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 5 2A 2a CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 6 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 8 GFP GFP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 9 epitope epitope NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 10 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 11 inserted insert VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 12 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 14 pCFL pcfl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 15 DAsia DAsia NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 16 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 17 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 18 get get VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 19 full full JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 20 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 21 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 22 competent competent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 23 cDNA cdna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 24 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 25 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 26 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 27 promoter promoter NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 28 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 29 pCDNA pcdna JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 31 pCFLAsiaGFP pcflasiagfp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1005 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 2 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 3 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 4 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 6 produce produce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 7 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 8 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 10 GFP GFP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 11 epitope epitope NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 12 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 13 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 14 generate generate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 15 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 16 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 17 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 18 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 19 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 20 epitopes epitope NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 21 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 22 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 23 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 24 GFP GFP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 25 epitope epitope NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1006 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 1 Presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 3 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 4 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 5 GFP GFP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 6 epitope epitope NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 9 vaccinated vaccinated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 10 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 11 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 12 reveal reveal VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 13 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 14 efficacy efficacy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1007 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 1 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 2 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 3 GFP GFP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 4 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 5 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 6 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 9 companion companion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 10 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 11 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 12 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 14 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 15 evaluation evaluation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 16 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 17 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 18 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 19 quick quick JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 20 evaluation evaluation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 22 efficacy efficacy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1008 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 1 Further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 2 absence absence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 4 NSP nsp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 5 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 8 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 9 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 10 reveal reveal VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 12 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 15 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 17 respect respect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 19 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1009 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 1 Self self NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 2 replicating replicate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 3 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 4 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 5 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 6 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 8 achieve achieve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 9 robust robust JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 10 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 11 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 12 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 13 enhanced enhance VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 14 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 15 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 17 gamma gamma NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 18 interferon interferon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 19 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 21 vaccinated vaccinated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 22 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1010 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 1 Since since IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 2 self self NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 3 replicating replicate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 4 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 5 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 6 induce induce VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 7 gamma gamma NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 8 interferon interferon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 9 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 10 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 11 helps help VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 13 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 14 clearance clearance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 15 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 16 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 17 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 18 expected expect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 19 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 20 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 21 useful useful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 22 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 23 cure cure VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 24 even even RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 26 carrier carrier NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 28 persistently persistently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 29 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 30 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1011 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 1 Understanding understand VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 3 events event NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 4 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 5 help help VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 8 elicitation elicitation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 10 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 12 arms arm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 14 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 15 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 17 vaccinated vaccinated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 18 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 19 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 20 necessary necessary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 21 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 22 understand understand VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 24 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 27 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1012 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 2 work work NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 3 presented present VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 4 here here RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 5 deals deal VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 8 immunological immunological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 9 evaluation evaluation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 11 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 12 Sindbis Sindbis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 13 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 14 replicase replicase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 15 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 16 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 17 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 18 carrying carry VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 19 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 20 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 21 VP1 VP1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 22 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 24 vaccinated vaccinated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 25 guinea guinea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 26 pigs pig NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1013 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 2 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 3 constructed construct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 4 self self NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 5 replicating replicate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 6 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 7 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 8 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 10 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 12 down down JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 13 stream stream NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 15 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 16 sub sub JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 17 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 18 promoter promoter NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 19 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 20 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 21 inserted insert VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 22 secretory secretory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 23 signal signal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 24 followed follow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 25 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 26 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 27 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 28 VP1 vp1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 29 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 31 3FMDV 3fmdv CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 32 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 34 O o UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 35 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 36 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 37 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 38 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 39 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 41 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 42 glycine glycine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 43 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 44 proline proline NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 45 bridge bridge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 46 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 47 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1014 48 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 1 Guinea guinea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 2 pigs pig NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 4 vaccinated vaccinate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 7 construct construct NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 10 sera sera NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 11 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 12 28 28 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 13 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 14 post post NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 15 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 17 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 18 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 19 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 20 cellular cellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 21 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 22 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 23 studying study VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 25 CD8 CD8 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 26 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 28 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 29 MTT MTT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 31 cytokine cytokine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 32 profiles profile NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 33 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 34 real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 35 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 36 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1015 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 2 humoral humoral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 3 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 5 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 7 studying study VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 8 CD4 CD4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 9 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 12 whole whole JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 13 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 14 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 15 Facs Facs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 16 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 18 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 19 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 20 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 21 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 22 SNT SNT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 24 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1016 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 2 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 4 challenged challenge VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 6 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 7 GP gp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 8 infective infective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 9 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 11 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 12 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 13 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 14 O o UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 15 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 16 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 17 lesions lesion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 18 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 19 scored score VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1017 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 1 Further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 3 replicative replicative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 4 efficiency efficiency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 7 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 8 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 10 studied study VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 12 3AB 3AB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 13 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1018 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 2 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 3 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 5 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 7 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 8 except except IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 9 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 10 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 11 3AB 3ab JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 12 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 13 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 14 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 15 correlation correlation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 16 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 18 protection protection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1019 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 1 As as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 2 expected expect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 4 titre titre NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 7 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 8 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 9 3AB 3ab JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 10 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 12 lower low JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 13 indicating indicate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 14 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 16 challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 17 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 18 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 19 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 20 inhibited inhibit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 23 vaccinated vaccinate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 24 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1020 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 2 limited limited JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 3 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 4 conducted conduct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 6 us -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 7 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 8 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 9 self self NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 10 replicating replicate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 11 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 12 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 13 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 14 potentiality potentiality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 15 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 16 emerge emerge VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 17 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 18 potent potent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 19 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 20 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 21 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1021 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 1 Ganjam ganjam JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 4 GANJV GANJV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 6 belongs belong VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 9 genus genus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 10 Nairoviruses Nairoviruses NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 12 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 13 Bunyaviridae Bunyaviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1022 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1023 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1023 2 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1023 3 cause cause VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1023 4 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1023 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1023 6 livestock livestock NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1023 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 2 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 3 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 4 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 6 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 7 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 8 hosts host NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 10 tick tick VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 11 vectors vector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 12 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 13 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1024 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 1 Genus Genus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 2 Nairoviruses Nairoviruses NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 3 includes include VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 5 total total NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 7 34 34 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 8 tick tick VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 10 borne bear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 11 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 13 classified classify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 14 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 15 7 7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 16 serogroups serogroup NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1025 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 2 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 3 serogroups serogroup NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 5 Crimean crimean JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 6 Congo Congo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 7 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 8 fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 10 CCHF CCHF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 14 Nairobi Nairobi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 15 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 16 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 18 NSD NSD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1026 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1027 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1027 2 main main JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1027 3 members member NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1027 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1027 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1027 6 NSD NSD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1027 7 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1027 8 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1027 9 NSD NSD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1027 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1027 11 Dubge Dubge NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1027 12 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1027 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1028 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1028 2 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1028 3 consists consist VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1028 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1028 5 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1028 6 segments segment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1028 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1028 8 single single JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1028 9 stranded strand VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1028 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1028 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1028 12 viz viz NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1028 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 1 S S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 3 M M NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 5 L L NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 6 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 7 encodes encode VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 8 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 9 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 10 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 12 Viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 13 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 14 G1 G1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 16 G2 G2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 19 Viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 20 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 21 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1029 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1030 1 GANJV GANJV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1030 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1030 3 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1030 4 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1030 5 related related JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1030 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1030 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1030 8 NSDV NSDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1030 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1030 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 1 NSDV NSDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 3 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 5 East East NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 7 central central JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 8 Africa Africa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 10 causes cause VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 11 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 12 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 13 morbidity morbidity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 15 mortality mortality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 17 livestock livestock NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1031 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 4 involves involve VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 5 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 6 comparison comparison NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 8 GANJV GANJV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 9 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 10 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 11 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 12 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 13 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 14 nairoviruses nairoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 15 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 16 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 17 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 18 N n CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 19 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1032 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 2 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 3 help help VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 5 understand understand VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 7 kind kind NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 9 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 11 nt nt RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 14 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 15 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 17 aa aa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 19 changes change VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 20 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 21 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 22 occurred occur VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 24 GANJV GANJV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 25 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 26 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 27 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 28 geographical geographical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 29 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1033 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 1 Eight eight CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 2 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 4 GANJV GANJV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 5 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 6 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 7 NIV NIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 8 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 9 1954 1954 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 10 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 11 2002 2002 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 12 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 13 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 14 parts part NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 16 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 18 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 20 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 21 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1034 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 1 Virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 2 stocks stock NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 4 prepared prepare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 6 Vero Vero NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 7 E6 E6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 8 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 9 line line NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 10 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 12 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 13 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 15 source source NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 17 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1035 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 2 N N NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 3 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 5 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 6 either either CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 9 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 10 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 12 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 13 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 14 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 16 fragments fragment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 17 whenever whenever WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 18 necessary necessary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1036 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 2 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 3 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 5 analyzed analyze VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 6 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 7 annotated annotate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 8 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 9 get get VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 11 consensus consensus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 12 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 14 aligned align VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 15 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 17 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 19 prototype prototype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 20 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 22 GANJV GANJV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 24 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 25 representative representative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 26 nairoviruses nairoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1037 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 2 nt nt NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 3 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 5 converted convert VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 7 aa aa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 8 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 10 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 12 done do VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 13 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 14 both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 15 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 17 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 18 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 19 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1038 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 1 Based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 2 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 3 what what WP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 4 nt nt NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 5 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 6 aa aa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 7 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 8 tree tree NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 10 constructed construct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 12 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 14 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 15 nairoviruses nairoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 17 CCHF CCHF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 19 DUGV DUGV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 21 HAZV HAZV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 23 KUPV KUPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 25 NSDV NSDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 27 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 28 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 29 S S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 30 segment segment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 31 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 32 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 33 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 34 Gen Gen NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 35 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 36 Bank Bank NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 37 database database NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 39 NCBI NCBI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1039 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 2 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 3 data datum NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 4 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 5 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 7 nt nt NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 9 aa aa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 10 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 11 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 12 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 13 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 15 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 17 GANJV GANJV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 18 form form NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 19 monophyletic monophyletic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 20 lineage lineage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 21 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 23 NSDV NSDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1040 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 1 CCHFV CCHFV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 3 HAZV HAZV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 4 together together RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 5 formed form VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 6 another another DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 7 clade clade NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 9 whereas whereas IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 10 DUGV DUGV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 12 KUPV KUPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 13 made make VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 15 separate separate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 16 branch branch NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 19 tree tree NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1041 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 2 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 3 GANJV GANJV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 4 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 5 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 6 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 7 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 8 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 9 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 10 difference difference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 11 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 12 NSDV NSDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 13 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 15 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 16 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 18 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 19 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 20 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 21 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 22 difference difference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 23 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 25 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 26 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 27 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1042 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 1 HAZV HAZV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 2 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 3 37 37 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 4 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 5 38 38 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 6 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 7 difference difference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 8 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 10 nt nt JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 11 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 13 37 37 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 14 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 15 difference difference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 16 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 18 aa aa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 19 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 20 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 21 GANJV GANJV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 22 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 23 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 24 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 25 NSDV NSDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1043 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 3 data datum NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 4 obtained obtain VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 5 suggests suggest VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 6 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 7 GANJV GANJV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 9 NSDV NSDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 10 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 11 minor minor JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 12 variants variant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 15 same same JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 16 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1044 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1045 1 Diarrhoeal Diarrhoeal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1045 2 syndrome syndrome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1045 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1045 4 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1045 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1045 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1045 7 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1045 8 concerns concern NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1045 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1045 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1045 11 livestock livestock NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1045 12 industry industry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1045 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 1 Most Most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 4 diarrheic diarrheic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 5 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 7 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 8 go go VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 9 unnoticed unnoticed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 11 limited limited JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 12 attention attention NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 13 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 14 paid pay VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 15 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 16 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 17 etiology etiology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1046 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 1 Presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 3 large large JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 4 amount amount NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 6 fecal fecal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 7 matter matter NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 9 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 10 shed shed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 11 acts act NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 12 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 13 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 14 source source NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 16 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 17 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 18 calves calf NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 19 via via IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 20 drinking drinking NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 21 water water NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 23 feed feed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 25 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 26 contaminated contaminate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 27 soil soil NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1047 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 1 Keeping keep VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 4 view view NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 6 investigation investigation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 8 planned plan VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 10 detect detect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 12 association association NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 14 rotaviruses rotaviruses NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 16 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 18 dairy dairy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 19 calves calf NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 21 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 22 observe observe VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 24 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 25 diversity diversity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 26 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 28 circulating circulate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 29 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 31 Tarai Tarai NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 32 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 33 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 34 Uttarakhand Uttarakhand NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1048 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 2 total total NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 4 63 63 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 5 diarrheic diarrheic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 6 fecal fecal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 7 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 8 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 9 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 10 Instructional Instructional NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 11 Dairy Dairy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 12 Farm Farm NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 14 Nagla Nagla NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 16 Pantnagar Pantnagar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 18 Uttarakhand Uttarakhand NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 19 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 20 screened screen VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 21 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 23 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1049 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 1 Samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 3 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 4 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 5 both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 6 cow cow NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 7 calves calf NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 9 buffalo buffalo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 10 calves calf NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 12 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 13 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 14 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 15 months month NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 17 age age NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1050 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 1 For for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 3 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 5 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 7 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 9 fecal fecal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 10 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 12 subjected subject VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 13 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 14 RNA rna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 16 electrophoresis electrophoresis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 17 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 18 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 19 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 20 extraction extraction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1051 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1052 1 Viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1052 2 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1052 3 segments segment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1052 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1052 5 visualized visualize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1052 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1052 7 silver silver JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1052 8 staining staining NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1052 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 1 Out out IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 4 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 5 63 63 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 6 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 7 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 9 seven seven CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 11 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 12 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 16 PAGE PAGE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 17 showing show VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 18 typical typical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 19 11 11 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 20 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 21 segments segment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 22 migration migration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 23 pattern pattern NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 25 bovine bovine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 26 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1053 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 3 given give VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 4 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 5 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 7 bovine bovine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 8 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 10 11.32 11.32 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 11 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 13 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 14 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 16 cow cow NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 18 buffalo buffalo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 19 calves calf NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 21 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1054 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 1 On on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 3 basis basis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 5 migration migration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 6 patterns pattern NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 8 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 12 PAGE PAGE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 14 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 15 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 17 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 18 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 19 typical typical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 20 4:2:3:2 4:2:3:2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 21 pattern pattern NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1055 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 1 Variation variation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 2 within within IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 3 movement movement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 5 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 6 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 7 segments segment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 8 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 9 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 11 bovine bovine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 12 rotaviruses rotavirus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 14 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 15 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 17 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 18 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 19 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 20 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 21 indicative indicative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 23 emergence emergence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 25 mutants mutant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 28 circulating circulate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 29 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1056 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 2 VP6 vp6 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 3 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 4 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 5 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 6 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 7 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 8 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 10 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 12 standardized standardize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 14 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 16 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 18 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 19 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 20 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 21 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 22 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 23 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 25 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 26 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 27 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1057 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 1 Work work NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 4 progress progress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 6 genotype genotype VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 8 bovine bovine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 9 rotaviruses rotavirus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 11 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 12 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 13 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 14 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 15 VP7 vp7 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 17 VP4 vp4 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 18 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1058 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1059 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1059 2 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1059 3 emphasizes emphasize VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1059 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1059 5 need need NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1059 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1059 7 explore explore VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1059 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1059 9 prevalence prevalence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1059 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1059 11 bovine bovine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1059 12 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 2 rotaviruses rotavirus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 4 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 5 places place NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 7 Uttarakhand Uttarakhand NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 9 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 10 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 11 characterization characterization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 12 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 13 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 14 help help VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 16 selection selection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 18 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 19 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 20 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 21 rotavirus rotavirus JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 22 infections infection NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1060 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 1 Foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 5 mouth mouth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 6 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 8 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 10 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 11 endemic endemic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 13 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 14 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 15 enormous enormous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 16 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 17 loss loss NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 18 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 20 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 21 keepers keeper NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 23 trade trade NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 24 embargo embargo NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 25 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 26 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 27 free free JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 28 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 29 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 30 livestock livestock NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 32 animal animal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 33 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1061 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 1 Rapid rapid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 2 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 4 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 7 immense immense JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 8 importance importance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 10 prevention prevention NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 12 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 15 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1062 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1063 1 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1063 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1063 3 initially initially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1063 4 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1063 5 clinically clinically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1063 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1063 7 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1063 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1063 9 laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1063 10 tests test NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1063 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 1 Virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 2 isolation isolation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 4 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 5 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 7 sandwich sandwich NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 8 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 10 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 11 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 12 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 13 commonly commonly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 14 practiced practice VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 16 laboratories laboratory NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1064 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 3 isolation isolation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 4 though though RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 6 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 7 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 8 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 10 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 11 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 12 slow slow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 14 analytical analytical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 15 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 18 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 19 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 20 lower low JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 22 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 23 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 24 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 25 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 26 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 27 certain certain JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 28 sample sample NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 29 types type NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1065 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 2 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 4 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 5 techniques technique NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 8 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 9 laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 10 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 11 greatly greatly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 12 increased increase VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 14 speed speed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 16 specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 18 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 20 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 21 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 22 tests test NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1066 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 1 Molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 2 techniques technique NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 3 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 4 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 5 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 6 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 8 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 10 ELSA ELSA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 12 dot dot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 13 hybridization hybridization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 14 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 15 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 16 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 18 more more JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 19 success success NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 20 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 21 detecting detect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 22 carrier carrier NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 23 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 25 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 26 harboring harbor VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 27 sub sub JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 28 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 29 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 30 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 32 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 33 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 34 applied apply VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 35 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 36 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 37 wide wide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 38 range range NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 39 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 40 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 41 sample sample NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 42 types type NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1067 43 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 2 techniques technique NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 3 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 4 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 5 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 6 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 7 genus genus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 9 serotype serotype JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 10 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 11 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 12 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 13 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 15 particular particular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 16 lineage lineage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 17 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 18 genotypes genotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 19 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 22 serotype serotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1068 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 1 Multiplex Multiplex NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 2 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 3 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 4 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 5 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 7 differentiate differentiate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 8 serotypes serotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 10 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 13 technique technique NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 14 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 15 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 17 experimentally experimentally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 18 simpler simple JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 20 cost cost VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 21 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 23 less less JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 24 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 25 consuming consume VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1069 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1070 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1070 2 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1070 3 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1070 4 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1070 5 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1070 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1070 7 serotyping serotype VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1070 8 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1070 9 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1070 10 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1070 11 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1070 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 2 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 3 techniques technique NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 4 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 5 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 6 help help VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 8 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 9 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 10 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 11 useful useful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 12 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 13 epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 14 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1071 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 1 Lineage lineage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 2 differentiating differentiate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 3 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 5 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 6 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 7 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 8 useful useful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 10 identifying identify VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 11 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 12 lineages lineage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 14 serotype serotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 15 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1072 16 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 2 Lineage Lineage NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 3 B B NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 5 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 7 D D NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 9 before before IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 10 proceeding proceed VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 11 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 12 sequencing sequencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 14 1D 1d CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 15 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1073 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 2 genotype genotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 3 differentiating differentiate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 4 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 5 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 6 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 7 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 8 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 9 developed develop VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 11 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 13 differentiating differentiate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 14 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 15 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 16 genotypes genotype NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 18 serotype serotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 19 A a NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 21 Genotype Genotype NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 22 VI VI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 24 VII VII NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1074 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 2 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 3 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 5 potential potential NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 7 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 8 applied apply VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 9 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 10 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 11 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 12 directly directly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 14 thereby thereby RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 15 saving save VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 16 much much JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 17 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 18 needed need VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 19 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 20 sample sample NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 21 processing processing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 23 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 24 sequencing sequencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1075 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 1 Recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 2 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 4 real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 5 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 6 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 8 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 9 methodology methodology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 10 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 11 allowed allow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 13 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 14 potential potential NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 16 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 17 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 18 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 19 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 20 realised realise VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1076 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 1 Advancement advancement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 2 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 3 real real JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 4 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 5 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 6 technology technology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 7 made make VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 9 possible possible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 11 combine combine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 12 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 13 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 14 within within IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 15 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 16 single single JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 17 tube tube NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 18 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 19 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 22 progress progress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 24 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 25 laboratory laboratory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1077 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 1 Integration integration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 3 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 4 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 5 onto onto IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 6 automated automate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 7 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 8 throughput throughput NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 9 platforms platform NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 10 provides provide VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 11 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 12 laboratories laboratory NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 15 capability capability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 16 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 17 test test VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 18 large large JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 19 numbers number NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 21 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1078 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1079 1 Microarray Microarray NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1079 2 technology technology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1079 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1079 4 provided provide VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1079 5 greater great JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1079 6 screening screening NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1079 7 capabilities capability NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1079 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1079 9 pathogen pathogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1079 10 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1079 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 2 microarray microarray NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 3 allows allow VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 5 addition addition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 7 large large JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 8 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 10 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 11 probes probe NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 12 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 13 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 15 mutant mutant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 16 pathogen pathogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 18 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 19 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 20 subtype subtype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 21 determination determination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1080 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 2 combined combined JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 3 properties property NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 5 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 6 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 8 specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 10 low low JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 11 contamination contamination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 12 risk risk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 15 speed speed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 16 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 17 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 18 realtime realtime JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 19 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 21 microarray microarray NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 22 technology technology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 23 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 24 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 25 attractive attractive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 26 alternative alternative NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 27 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 28 conventional conventional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 29 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 31 increasing increase VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 32 percentage percentage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 33 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 34 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 35 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 36 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 37 analyzed analyze VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 38 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 39 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 40 tracing trace VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 41 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 42 origin origin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 43 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 44 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 45 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 46 responsible responsible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 47 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 48 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1081 49 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 2 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 3 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 4 expected expect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 6 elicit elicit VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 7 both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 8 humoral humoral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 10 cellular cellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 11 responses response NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 13 cellular cellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 14 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 15 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 16 long long RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 17 lasting last VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1082 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 3 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 4 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 5 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 6 limitations limitation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 7 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 8 poor poor JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 9 stability stability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 11 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 13 poor poor JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 14 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 16 risk risk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 18 integration integration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1083 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 1 Poor poor JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 2 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 3 becomes become VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 5 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 6 limitation limitation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 9 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 11 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 12 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 13 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 14 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 15 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 16 poor poor JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 17 immunogens immunogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1084 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 1 Also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 2 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 3 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 4 vectors vector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 5 carrying carry VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 6 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 7 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 8 promoters promoter NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 9 elicit elicit VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 10 strong strong JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 11 CMI CMI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 12 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 14 weak weak JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 15 humoral humoral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 16 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1085 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 2 methodology methodology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 3 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 4 achieve achieve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 5 humoral humoral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 6 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 7 involves involve VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 9 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 11 secretion secretion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 14 expressed express VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 15 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 16 so so IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 17 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 19 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 20 presenting present VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 21 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 22 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 23 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 24 able able JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 25 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 26 process process VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 28 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 30 produce produce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 31 humoral humoral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 32 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1086 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1087 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1087 2 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1087 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1087 4 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1087 5 humoral humoral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1087 6 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1087 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1087 8 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1087 9 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1087 10 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1087 11 cellular cellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1087 12 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1087 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 3 project project NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 4 aims aim VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 5 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 6 addressing address VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 7 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 8 issues issue NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 9 ; ; , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 10 achieving achieve VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 11 higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 12 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 14 getting get VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 16 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 17 secreted secrete VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 18 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 19 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 20 constructing construct VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 21 self self NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 22 replicating replicate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 23 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 24 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 25 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 26 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 28 studying study VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 29 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 30 efficacy efficacy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1088 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 2 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 3 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 4 humoral humoral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 5 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 6 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 7 contains contain VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 8 eEF1 eEF1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 9 promoter promoter NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 11 Sindbis Sindbis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 12 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 13 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 14 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 16 secretory secretory NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 18 anchoring anchoring NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 19 signals signal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1089 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1090 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1090 2 integrity integrity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1090 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1090 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1090 5 vectors vector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1090 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1090 7 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1090 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1090 9 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1090 10 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1090 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 2 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 3 polyvalent polyvalent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 4 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 5 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 7 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 8 serotype serotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 9 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 11 O o UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 13 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 14 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 15 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 16 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 17 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 19 vectors vector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 22 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 25 insert insert NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 26 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 27 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 28 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 29 restriction restriction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 30 enzyme enzyme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 31 digestion digestion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1091 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 2 functionality functionality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 5 constructed construct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 6 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 7 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 8 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 10 pVac pVac NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 11 Self Self NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 12 Rep Rep NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 13 990 990 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 15 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 16 assayed assay VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 17 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 18 transfecting transfecte VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 20 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 21 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 22 BHK BHK NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 23 21 21 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 24 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 25 monolayer monolayer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 27 studying study VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 29 35 35 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 30 S S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 31 labeled label VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 32 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 33 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 34 immuno immuno JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 35 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 36 precipitation precipitation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 37 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1092 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 2 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 3 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 4 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 5 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 7 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 9 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 11 constructed construct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 12 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 13 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 14 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 15 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 16 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 17 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 18 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 20 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 21 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1093 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 2 secretion secretion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 5 expressed express VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 6 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 8 assayed assay VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 10 Immuno immuno JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 12 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 13 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 15 found find VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 16 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 17 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 18 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1094 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 1 Encouraged encourage VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 2 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 3 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 4 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 6 preliminary preliminary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 7 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 8 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 9 conducted conduct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 10 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 11 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 12 efficacy efficacy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 13 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 15 guinea guinea NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 16 pig pig NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 17 model model NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1095 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 2 immunized immunize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 3 guinea guinea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 4 pigs pig NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 5 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 6 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 7 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 8 titres titre NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 10 SNT SNT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 12 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 14 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 15 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 16 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 17 conventional conventional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 18 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 19 Vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 21 pUP3CD pup3cd LS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 23 even even RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 24 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 25 1/10th 1/10th CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 28 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1096 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 2 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 4 constructing construct VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 5 self self NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 6 replicating replicate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 7 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 8 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 10 humoral humoral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 11 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 12 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 14 first first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 15 report report NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1097 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1098 1 Genetically genetically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1098 2 engineered engineer VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1098 3 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1098 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1098 5 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1098 6 sources source NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1098 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1098 8 industrial industrial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1098 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1098 10 medicinal medicinal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1098 11 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1098 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 1 Over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 3 past past JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 4 decade decade NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 6 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 7 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 8 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 9 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 10 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 11 investigated investigate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 12 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 13 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 14 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 15 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 16 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 17 expressing express VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 18 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 20 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 22 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 23 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1099 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1100 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1100 2 concerns concern NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1100 3 regarding regard VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1100 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1100 5 stability stability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1100 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1100 7 environmental environmental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1100 8 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1100 9 need need NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1100 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1100 11 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1100 12 addressed address VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1100 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 1 Chloroplast chloroplast JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 2 engineering engineering NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 4 expected expect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 6 resolve resolve VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 7 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 9 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 10 issues issue NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 11 since since IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 13 plastids plastid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 14 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 15 chloroplasts chloroplast NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 16 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 17 inherited inherit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 18 maternally maternally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 20 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 21 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 22 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 23 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 24 pollen pollen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1101 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 2 makes make VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 3 plastid plastid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 4 transformation transformation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 6 valuable valuable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 7 tool tool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 9 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 10 creation creation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 11 besides besides IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 12 offering offer VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 13 biological biological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 14 containment containment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1102 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 1 Since since IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 2 foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 4 mouth mouth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 5 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 7 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 10 cloven cloven NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 11 footed footed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 12 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 13 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 15 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 16 concern concern NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 19 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 20 over over RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1103 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 1 Foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 3 mouth mouth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 4 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 6 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 8 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 10 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 11 feared fear VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 13 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 14 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 17 cloven cloven NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 18 footed footed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 19 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 20 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 21 heavy heavy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 22 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 23 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 25 live live JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 26 stock stock NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 27 industry industry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1104 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1105 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1105 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1105 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1105 4 enzootic enzootic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1105 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1105 6 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1105 7 parts part NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1105 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1105 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1105 10 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1105 11 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1105 12 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1105 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 2 conventional conventional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 3 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 4 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 5 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 6 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 7 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 8 limitations limitation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 9 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 10 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 11 safety safety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 13 temperature temperature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 14 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 16 duration duration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 18 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1106 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1107 1 Attempts attempt NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1107 2 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1107 3 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1107 4 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1107 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1107 6 overcome overcome VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1107 7 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1107 8 limitations limitation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1107 9 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1107 10 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1107 11 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1107 12 technology technology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1107 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 1 Amongst amongst IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 3 newer new JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 4 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 6 edible edible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 7 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 8 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 9 cost cost VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 10 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 12 easy easy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 13 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 14 administer administer VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1108 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 1 Since since IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 3 stability stability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 6 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 8 interest interest NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 11 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 12 concern concern NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 15 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 17 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 18 transgenics transgenic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 20 marker marker NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 21 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 22 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 23 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 24 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 25 regular regular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 26 selection selection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1109 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 2 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 3 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 4 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 5 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 7 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 8 marker marker NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 9 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 10 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 11 b b DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 12 Glucoronidase Glucoronidase NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 14 GUS GUS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 16 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 17 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 18 antibiotic antibiotic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 19 selection selection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 20 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 21 cumbersome cumbersome JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 23 cost cost VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 24 intensive intensive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1110 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1111 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1111 2 selection selection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1111 3 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1111 4 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1111 5 herbicide herbicide NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1111 6 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1111 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1111 8 much much RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1111 9 simpler simple JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1111 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1111 11 easy easy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1111 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 1 Hence hence RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 2 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 4 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 5 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 8 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 9 synthase synthase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 11 EPSP EPSP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 13 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 14 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 15 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 16 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 17 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 18 marker marker NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 19 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 20 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 22 immunogen immunogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 23 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 25 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1112 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 1 EPSP EPSP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 4 key key JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 5 enzyme enzyme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 8 shikimate shikimate NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 9 biosynthesis biosynthesis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 10 pathway pathway NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 11 necessary necessary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 12 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 14 aromatic aromatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 15 amino amino JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 16 acids acid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 17 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1113 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 2 order order NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 3 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 4 investigate investigate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 6 mechanism mechanism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 8 long long JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 9 term term NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 10 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 13 effect effect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 15 protective protective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 16 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 17 induced induce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 18 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 19 cationic cationic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 20 PLG PLG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 21 micro micro NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 22 particle particle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 23 coated coat VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 24 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 25 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1114 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 2 constructed construct VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 4 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 5 plasmid plasmid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 6 containing contain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 8 Foot Foot NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 12 mouth mouth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 13 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 16 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 18 ID ID NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 19 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 20 sero sero NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 21 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 22 A. A. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 23 Intramuscular intramuscular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 24 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 26 Guinea Guinea NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 27 pigs pig NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 28 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 30 micro micro JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 31 particles particle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 32 coated coat VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 33 plasmid plasmid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 34 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 35 Induced induce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 36 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 37 strong strong JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 38 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 39 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 40 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 41 neutralization neutralization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 42 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 43 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 44 cellular cellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 45 mediated mediate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 46 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 47 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 48 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 49 lasted last VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 50 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 51 year year NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1115 52 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 2 further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 3 analyzed analyze VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 5 persistence persistence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 7 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 9 ID ID NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 10 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 12 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 13 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 14 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 16 reverse reverse JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 17 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 18 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 19 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 20 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 22 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 23 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1116 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 2 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 3 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 5 ID ID NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 6 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 8 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 10 expressed express VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 13 muscle muscle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 14 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 15 up up IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 16 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 17 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 18 year year NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 19 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 20 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 21 post post NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 22 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1117 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 3 Guinea Guinea NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 4 pigs pig NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 5 vaccinated vaccinate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 7 micro micro JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 8 particles particle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 9 coated coat VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 10 plasmid plasmid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 11 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 13 protected protect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 14 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 15 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 16 Challenge challenge NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 18 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 19 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1118 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 3 micro micro JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 4 particles particle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 5 coated coat VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 6 plasmid plasmid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 7 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 8 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 9 dose dose NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 10 induce induce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 11 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 12 protective protective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 13 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 15 long long JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 16 term term NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 17 humoral humoral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 19 cellular cellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 20 immuno immuno JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 21 responses response NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 22 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 23 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 25 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 26 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 27 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 28 maintained maintain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 29 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 30 persistent persistent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 31 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 33 ID ID NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 34 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 35 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 36 muscle muscle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 37 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1119 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 1 Foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 3 mouth mouth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 4 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 5 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 7 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 9 causes cause VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 11 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 12 contagious contagious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 13 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 14 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 16 cloven cloven NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 17 hoofed hoofed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 18 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 20 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 21 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 22 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 23 considerable considerable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 24 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 25 impact impact NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 26 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 28 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 29 affected affect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1120 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 1 Interleukin-18 Interleukin-18 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 3 IL-18 IL-18 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 5 enhances enhance VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 7 IL-12 IL-12 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 8 driven drive VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 9 Th1 th1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 10 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 11 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 12 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 13 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 14 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 16 immunity immunity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 17 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 18 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 19 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1121 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 2 multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 3 roles role NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 5 IL-18 IL-18 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 7 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 8 physiological physiological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 10 pathological pathological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 11 processes process NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 12 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 13 generated generate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 15 great great JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 16 deal deal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 18 interest interest NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 20 recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 21 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1122 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1123 1 Antiviral antiviral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1123 2 effects effect NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1123 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1123 4 IL-18 IL-18 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1123 5 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1123 6 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1123 7 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1123 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 2 evaluated evaluate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 4 effects effect NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 5 interleukin-18 interleukin-18 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 7 IL-18 IL-18 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 9 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 11 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 13 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 15 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 17 BHK-21 BHK-21 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 18 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1124 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 1 Bovine Bovine NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 2 IL-18 IL-18 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 3 mature mature JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 4 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 5 coding coding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 6 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 8 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 9 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 11 bovine bovine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 12 PBMC PBMC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 13 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 15 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 16 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 17 prokaryotic prokaryotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 18 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 19 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 20 pET32a pET32a NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1125 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1126 1 Protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1126 2 expressed express VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1126 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1126 4 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1126 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1126 6 specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1126 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1126 8 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1126 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1126 10 immunoblotting immunoblotte VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1126 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1127 1 BHK-21 BHK-21 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 1 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 3 treated treat VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 5 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 6 expressed express VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 7 IL-18 IL-18 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 8 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 11 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 12 lg lg NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 13 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 14 ml ml NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1128 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1129 1 4 4 LS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1129 2 h h NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1129 3 prior prior RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1129 4 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1129 5 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1129 6 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1129 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 1 Cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 2 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 3 supernatants supernatant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 5 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 6 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 7 24 24 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 8 h h NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 9 post post NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 10 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 12 subjected subject VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 14 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 16 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 17 titration titration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 18 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1130 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 2 extracted extract VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 3 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 5 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 7 subjected subject VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 9 Real Real NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 10 Time Time NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 11 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 12 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 13 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 15 quantification quantification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1131 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 1 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 2 log log NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 3 titer titer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 4 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 6 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 9 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 11 titer titer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 13 IL-18 IL-18 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 14 treated treat VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 15 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 16 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 17 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 19 untreated untreated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 20 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 21 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 22 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 23 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 24 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 25 quantified quantify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 26 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 27 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 28 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 29 shown show VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 30 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 31 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 33 60-folds 60-folds CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 35 69-fold 69-fold CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 36 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 37 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 38 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 39 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 40 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 41 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 42 copy copy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 43 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 44 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 45 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 46 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 47 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 48 IL-18 IL-18 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 49 treated treat VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 50 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 51 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 52 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 53 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 54 untreated untreated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 55 measured measure VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 56 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 57 qPCR qPCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1132 58 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 1 Current current JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 2 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 3 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 5 potent potent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 6 anti anti JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 7 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 8 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 10 IL-18 IL-18 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 11 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 12 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 13 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 14 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 16 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 17 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1133 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 2 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 3 further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 4 suggests suggest VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 5 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 6 IL-18 IL-18 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 7 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 9 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 10 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 12 IL-18 IL-18 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 13 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 14 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 15 adjuvant adjuvant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 17 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 18 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 19 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 21 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 23 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 24 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 25 FMD FMD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1134 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 1 Foot foot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 3 mouth mouth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 4 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 7 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 8 contagious contagious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 9 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 10 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 12 farm farm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 13 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1135 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 1 Control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 4 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 6 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 9 vaccination vaccination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 11 slaughtering slaughtering NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 13 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 14 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1136 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1137 1 Conventional conventional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1137 2 oil oil NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1137 3 adjuvant adjuvant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1137 4 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1137 5 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1137 6 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1137 7 own own JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1137 8 limitation limitation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1137 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 1 Alternate alternate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 2 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 3 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 4 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 5 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 6 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 8 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 9 encoding encode VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 10 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 11 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 12 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 13 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 15 promising promising JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 16 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1138 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 1 Naked naked JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 2 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 3 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 4 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 5 limitations limitation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 6 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 7 poor poor JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 8 uptake uptake NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 10 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 12 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 14 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 15 importantly importantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 16 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 17 nucleus nucleus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1139 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 1 As as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 2 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 3 result result NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 4 delivery delivery NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 6 naked naked JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 7 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 8 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 9 calcium calcium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 10 phosphate phosphate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 11 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 13 attempted attempt VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1140 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 1 Calcium calcium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 2 phosphate phosphate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 3 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 6 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 7 delivery delivery NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 8 agent agent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 9 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 10 proved prove VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 11 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 12 enhance enhance VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 14 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 15 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1141 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 1 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 2 P1 P1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 4 3CD 3CD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 5 ' ' POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 6 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 7 O o UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 8 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 9 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 10 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 11 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 12 constructs construct VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 14 pCDNA3.1 pcdna3.1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 15 ? ? . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 16 entrapped entrap VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 17 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 19 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 20 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 21 prepared prepare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 22 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 23 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 24 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 25 molarity molarity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 27 calcium calcium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 28 chloride chloride NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 30 disodium disodium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 31 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 32 orthophosphate orthophosphate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1142 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 2 nanoparticles nanoparticle NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 3 entrapping entrap VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 4 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 5 P1 P1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 6 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 7 3CD 3CD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 8 ' ' POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 9 ' ' `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 10 O o UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 11 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 12 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 14 naked naked JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 15 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 17 presented present VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 18 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 20 guinea guinea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 21 pigs pig NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 22 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 23 intramuscular intramuscular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 24 injection injection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 25 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 26 study study VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 28 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 29 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 31 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 32 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 33 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 34 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 35 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1143 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 1 Animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 3 sacrificed sacrifice VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 4 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 5 defined define VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 6 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 8 collect collect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 9 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 10 organs organ NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 12 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 14 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 15 extracted extract VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1144 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1145 1 Each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1145 2 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1145 3 blood blood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1145 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1145 5 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1145 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1145 7 analyse analyse VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1145 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1145 9 FMDV fmdv JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1145 10 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1145 11 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1145 12 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1145 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 2 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 3 presented present VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 4 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 5 calcium calcium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 6 phosphate phosphate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 7 produced produce VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 8 transcripts transcript NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 11 injected inject VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 12 muscle muscle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 13 up up IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 15 240 240 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 16 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 17 whereas whereas IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 18 naked naked JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 19 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 20 up up RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 21 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 22 120 120 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 23 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1146 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 1 Serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 2 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 3 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 5 naked naked JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 6 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 7 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 8 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 9 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 10 titre titre NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 11 till till IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 12 60 60 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 13 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1147 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1148 1 Whereas whereas IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1148 2 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1148 3 injected inject VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1148 4 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1148 5 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1148 6 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1148 7 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1148 8 till till IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1148 9 120 120 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1148 10 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1148 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 1 Serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 2 neutralization neutralization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 3 titres titre NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 5 1.5 1.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 7 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 9 calcium calcium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 10 phosphate phosphate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 11 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 12 Vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 13 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 14 about about RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 15 28 28 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 16 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 17 150 150 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 18 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 20 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 21 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 22 naked naked JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 23 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 24 SN sn NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 25 titers titer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 26 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 27 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 28 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 29 short short JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 30 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 32 30 30 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 33 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 34 90 90 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 35 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1149 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 2 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 3 clearly clearly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 4 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 5 calcium calcium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 6 phosphate phosphate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 7 nanoparticle nanoparticle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 8 entrapping entrap VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 9 FMDV FMDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 10 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 11 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 12 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 13 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 15 better well JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 16 delivery delivery NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 17 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 18 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 19 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 20 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 21 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 22 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 23 confirms confirm VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 24 availability availability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 27 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 29 persistence persistence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 31 antibody antibody NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 32 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 33 longer long JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 34 duration duration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 35 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 36 naked naked JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 37 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1150 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 1 Capripox Capripox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 3 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 4 infectious infectious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 6 contagious contagious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 9 OIE OIE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 10 notifiable notifiable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 11 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 13 small small JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 14 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 16 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 17 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 18 sheeppox sheeppox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 20 goatpox goatpox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 21 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 22 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 23 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 24 members member NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 26 capripoxvirus capripoxvirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 27 genus genus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 29 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 30 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 31 Poxviridae Poxviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1151 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 3 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 4 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 7 analyzed analyze VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 9 partial partial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 10 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 11 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 13 P32 P32 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 14 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 16 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 17 immunogenic immunogenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 18 envelope envelope NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 19 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 21 Capripox Capripox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 22 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 24 CaPV CaPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 26 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 27 assess assess VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 29 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 30 relationship relationship NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 31 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 32 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 33 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 34 pox pox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 35 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 36 goat goat NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 37 pox pox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 38 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 39 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 40 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 41 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 42 geographical geographical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 43 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 44 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 45 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 46 country country NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1152 47 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 1 Product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 3 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 4 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 5 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 6 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 7 shown show VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 8 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 9 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 10 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 12 attachment attachment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 14 CaPV CaPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 15 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 16 host host VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 17 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 18 surface surface NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 19 receptors receptor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 20 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 21 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 22 entry entry NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 24 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 25 immune immune JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 26 response response NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1153 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 2 following following JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 3 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 4 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 5 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 6 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 7 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 10 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 11 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 12 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 13 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 14 Uttarkashi Uttarkashi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 16 P60 P60 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 18 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 19 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 20 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 21 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 22 Mukteswar Mukteswar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 24 P10 P10 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 26 Challenge Challenge NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 27 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 28 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 29 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 31 Akola Akola NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 33 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 34 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 35 Bareilly/00 bareilly/00 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 36 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 37 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 38 Ladakh/01 ladakh/01 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 39 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 40 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 41 Sambalpur/82 sambalpur/82 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 42 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 43 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 44 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 45 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 46 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 47 Srinagar Srinagar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 48 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 49 P40 P40 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1154 50 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 1 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 2 Ranipet Ranipet NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 4 P50 P50 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 5 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 6 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 8 RF RF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 10 P50 P50 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 12 vaccine vaccine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 13 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 15 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 16 Makdhoom/07 Makdhoom/07 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 18 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 19 CIRG/08 cirg/08 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 21 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 22 Pune/08 Pune/08 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 24 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 25 Bareilly Bareilly NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 27 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 28 183/03 183/03 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 30 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 31 125/02 125/02 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 33 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 34 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1155 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 5 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 6 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 7 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 8 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 9 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 11 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 12 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 14 analysed analyse VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 16 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 17 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 18 Restriction restriction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 19 fragment fragment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 20 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 21 polymorphism polymorphism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 23 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 25 RFLP RFLP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 27 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 28 EcoRI ecori NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 29 enzyme enzyme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 30 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 31 confirm confirm VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 32 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 33 specificity specificity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1156 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1157 1 Further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1157 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1157 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1157 4 amplicons amplicon NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1157 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1157 6 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1157 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1157 8 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1157 9 commercially commercially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1157 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 1 Nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 4 deduced deduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 5 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 6 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 8 aa aa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 10 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 12 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 14 published publish VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 15 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 18 members member NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 21 genus genus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 22 Capripox Capripox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 23 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1158 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 1 Sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 4 partial partial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 5 172 172 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 6 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 7 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 8 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 9 shown show VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 10 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 11 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 12 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 13 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 14 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 15 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 16 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 18 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 19 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 20 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 21 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 22 nt nt RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 24 aa aa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 25 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1159 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 2 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 3 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 4 99.4 99.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 5 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 6 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 7 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 9 98.2 98.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 11 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 12 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 13 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 14 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 15 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 17 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 18 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 19 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 20 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 21 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 22 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 23 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 24 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 26 nt nt NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 28 aa aa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 29 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1160 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 2 general general JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 4 CaPV CaPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 5 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 7 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 8 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 9 shown show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 10 98.3 98.3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 12 98.8 98.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 14 96.5 96.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 15 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 16 homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 17 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 18 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 20 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 21 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 22 nt nt RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 24 aa aa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 25 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 26 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 27 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 28 earlier early RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1161 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 1 Further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 4 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 6 unique unique JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 7 change change NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 9 G120A G120A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 11 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 12 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 13 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 14 resulting result VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 16 formation formation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 18 DraI DraI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 19 site site NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 21 place place NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 23 EcoRI ecori NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 25 possible possible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 26 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 28 restriction restriction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 29 enzyme enzyme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 30 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 31 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 32 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 33 RFLP RFLP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 34 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 35 differentiation differentiation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 36 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 37 SPPV SPPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 38 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 39 GTPV GTPV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 40 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 41 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 42 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1162 43 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 1 Orf Orf NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 2 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 3 contagious contagious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 4 ecthyma ecthyma NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 6 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 8 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 9 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 10 contagious contagious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 12 proliferative proliferative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 13 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 15 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 16 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 17 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 18 Orf Orf NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 19 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 22 genus genus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 23 parapox parapox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 24 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 27 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 28 poxviridae poxviridae NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1163 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 3 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 4 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 5 commonly commonly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 7 sheep sheep NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 9 goats goat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 11 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 12 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 13 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 14 agent agent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1164 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 1 Camels camel NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 2 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 3 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 4 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 6 Orf Orf NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 9 reported report VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 11 camel camel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 12 rearing rearing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 13 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 14 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 15 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 16 mixed mixed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 17 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 18 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 19 camel camel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 20 pox pox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 23 later later RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 24 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 25 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 26 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 27 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 28 orthopox orthopox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 29 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1165 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 2 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 4 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 5 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 6 few few JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 7 reports report NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 10 Orf Orf NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 12 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 14 camels camel NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 16 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 17 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 18 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 19 signs sign NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 21 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1166 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 6 identified identify VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 8 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 10 Orf Orf NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 12 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 13 clinical clinical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 14 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 16 suspected suspect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 17 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 19 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 20 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 22 camels camel NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 23 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 24 serological serological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 26 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 27 techniques technique NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1167 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 1 Viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 3 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 4 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 5 processed process VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 6 scabs scab NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 7 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 8 initially initially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 10 nested nested JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 11 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 12 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 13 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 14 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 15 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 16 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 17 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 18 successfully successfully RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 19 amplified amplify VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 20 235 235 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 21 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 22 fragments fragment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 24 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 25 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 26 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 27 check check VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 29 fidelity fidelity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 32 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1168 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 1 After after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 2 confirming confirm VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 4 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 6 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 8 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 11 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 13 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 14 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 15 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 16 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 18 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 19 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 20 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 21 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1169 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 1 Out out IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 4 five five CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 5 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 6 characterized characterize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 9 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 10 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 11 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 12 selected select VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 14 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 16 phylogenetic phylogenetic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 17 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 18 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 19 B2L b2l NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 20 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 21 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 22 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 23 homologous homologous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 24 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 25 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 26 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 27 envelope envelope NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 28 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 29 P37k P37k NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 31 vaccinia vaccinia NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 32 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1170 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 1 Full full JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 2 open open JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 3 reading reading NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 4 frame frame NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 6 1137 1137 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 7 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 8 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 9 Orf Orf NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 10 B2L B2L NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 12 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 13 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 14 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 16 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 18 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 19 commercially commercially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1171 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 1 Nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 3 deduced deduce VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 4 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 5 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 6 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 8 B2L B2L NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 10 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 11 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 12 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 13 published publish VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 14 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 17 members member NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 20 genus genus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 21 papapox papapox NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 22 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1172 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 1 Sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 3 shows show VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 5 maximum maximum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 6 percent percent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 7 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 9 94.8 94.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 11 95 95 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 13 Indian Indian NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 14 Orf Orf NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 15 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 16 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 18 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 19 94.7 94.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 21 94.5 94.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 23 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 24 Orf Orf NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 25 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 27 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 28 98.8 98.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 30 98.7 98.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 32 Orf Orf NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 33 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 34 camel camel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 35 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 36 Jodhpur/08 jodhpur/08 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 38 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 39 85 85 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 40 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 41 82.8 82.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 43 bovine bovine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 44 popular popular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 45 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 46 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 48 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 49 finally finally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 50 97.4 97.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 51 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 52 97.6 97.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 53 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 54 pseudo pseudo JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 55 cowpox cowpox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 56 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 57 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 58 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 59 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 60 nt nt RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 61 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 62 aa aa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 63 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1173 64 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 1 Phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 5 isolate isolate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 7 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 8 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 9 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 11 neighbour neighbour NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 12 joining join VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 13 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 15 MEGA MEGA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 16 4 4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 17 program program NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 18 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 19 know know VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 21 phylogeny phylogeny NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 22 relatedness relatedness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 25 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 27 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 28 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 29 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 31 isolate isolate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 32 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 33 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 34 grouped group VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 35 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 36 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 37 Jodhpur Jodhpur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 38 isolate isolate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 39 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 40 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 41 related related JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 42 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 43 pseudo pseudo JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 44 cowpox cowpox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 45 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1174 46 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 2 warrants warrant VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 3 further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 4 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 6 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 7 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 8 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 10 confirm confirm VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 12 causative causative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 13 agent agent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 16 contagious contagious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 17 ecthyma ecthyma NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 19 camels camel NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 20 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 21 pseudo pseudo JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 22 cowpox cowpox NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 23 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1175 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 1 Chikungunya Chikungunya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 2 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 3 arboviral arboviral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 4 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 6 transmitted transmit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 7 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 9 bite bite NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 11 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 12 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 13 Aedes Aedes NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 14 mosquito mosquito NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1176 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1177 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1177 2 causes cause VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1177 3 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1177 4 self self NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1177 5 limited limit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1177 6 febrile febrile JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1177 7 illness illness NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1177 8 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1177 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1177 10 arthralgia arthralgia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1177 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1177 12 myalgia myalgia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1177 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1178 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1178 2 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1178 3 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1178 4 neurological neurological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1178 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1178 6 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1178 7 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1178 8 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1178 9 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1178 10 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1178 11 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1178 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 1 CHIKV CHIKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 2 epidemic epidemic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 3 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 4 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 5 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 7 Africa Africa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 9 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 11 South South NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 12 East East NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 13 Asian asian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 14 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 16 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 18 current current JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 19 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1179 20 break break NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 1 imported import VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 2 cases case NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 4 CHIKV CHIKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 5 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 6 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 7 encountered encounter VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 9 most most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 12 European european JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 13 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1180 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1181 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1181 2 causative causative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1181 3 agent agent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1181 4 belongs belong VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1181 5 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1181 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1181 7 genus genus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1181 8 Alphavirus Alphavirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1181 9 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1181 10 Togaviridae Togaviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1181 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1182 1 Human human JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1182 2 beings being NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1182 3 serve serve VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1182 4 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1182 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1182 6 chikungunya chikungunya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1182 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1182 8 reservoir reservoir NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1182 9 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1182 10 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1182 11 epidemic epidemic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1182 12 periods period NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1182 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 1 Outside outside IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 2 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 3 periods period NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 5 main main JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 6 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 7 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 8 monkeys monkey NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 10 rodents rodent NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 12 birds bird NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 15 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 16 unidentified unidentified JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 17 vertebrates vertebrate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1183 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1184 1 Antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1184 2 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1184 3 CHIKV CHIKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1184 4 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1184 5 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1184 6 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1184 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1184 8 domestic domestic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1184 9 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1184 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 3 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 4 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 6 surveyed survey VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 7 Madanapalli Madanapalli NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 9 Palamaner Palamaner NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 11 B. B. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 12 Kotta Kotta NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 13 Kota Kota NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 15 Tirupati Tirupati NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 17 collected collect VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 18 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 19 total total NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 21 67 67 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 22 rodent rodent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 23 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 25 75 75 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 26 bovine bovine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 27 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 28 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 29 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 30 sheep sheep NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 31 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 33 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 34 canine canine JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 35 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1185 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 1 Total Total NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 4 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 6 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 7 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 8 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 10 subjected subject VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 12 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 13 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 14 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 15 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 16 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 17 primer primer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 18 pair pair NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 19 DVRChk DVRChk NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 20 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 21 F F NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 22 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 23 DVRChk DVRChk NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 25 R R NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 26 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 27 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 28 amplify amplify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 29 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 30 330 330 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 31 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 32 E1 e1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 33 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 34 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 35 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 36 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 37 Chikungunya Chikungunya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1186 38 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1187 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1187 2 Naresh Naresh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1187 3 Kumar Kumar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1187 4 et et NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1187 5 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1187 6 . . NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1187 7 2007 2007 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1187 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1187 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 1 All all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 3 Serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 4 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 6 further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 7 screened screen VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 8 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 9 CHIKV CHIKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 10 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 11 IgM IgM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 12 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 13 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 14 commercially commercially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 15 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 16 CTK CTK NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 17 biotech biotech NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 18 strips strip NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1188 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 1 None none NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 4 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 6 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 7 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 8 either either CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 10 CHIKV CHIKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 11 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 13 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 14 CHIKV CHIKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 15 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 16 IgM IgM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 17 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1189 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 1 More More JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 2 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 4 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 6 domestic domestic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 7 animals animal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 8 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 9 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 10 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 11 rodents rodent NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 12 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 13 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 14 screened screen VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 15 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 16 study study VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 18 possible possible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 19 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 20 if if IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 21 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 22 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 24 maintenance maintenance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 26 CHIKV CHIKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 27 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 28 nature nature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 30 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 32 inter inter JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 33 epidemic epidemic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 34 periods period NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1190 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1191 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1191 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1191 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1191 4 discusses discuss VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1191 5 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1191 6 aspects aspect NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1191 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1191 8 detail detail NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1191 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 1 Petunia Petunia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 2 hybrida hybrida NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 4 widely widely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 5 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 6 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 7 experimental experimental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 8 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 9 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 11 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 12 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 15 characterization characterization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1192 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 1 Hitherto hitherto RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 3 natural natural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 4 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 6 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 7 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 8 Petunia Petunia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 9 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 10 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 11 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 12 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 14 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1193 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 1 Recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 3 Petunia Petunia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 4 hybrida hybrida NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 5 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 8 around around IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 9 Ludhiana Ludhiana NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 11 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 12 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 13 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 14 depicting depict VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 15 typical typical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 16 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 17 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 18 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 19 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1194 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 2 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 3 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 4 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 5 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 7 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 8 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 10 downward downward JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 11 curling curling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 13 distorted distorted JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 14 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1195 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1196 1 Severely severely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1196 2 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1196 3 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1196 4 became become VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1196 5 bushy bushy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1196 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1196 7 stunted stunted JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1196 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1196 9 produces produce VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1196 10 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1196 11 flower flower NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1196 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 1 Total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 2 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 3 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 5 extracted extract VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 8 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 9 showing show VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 10 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 12 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 14 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 15 CTAB CTAB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 16 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1197 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 2 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 6 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 7 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 8 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 9 degenerated degenerate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 10 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 12 designed design VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 13 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 14 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 15 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 17 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 18 prevailing prevail VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 21 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1198 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 2 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 4 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 5 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 8 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 11 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 12 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 13 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 14 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 15 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 16 control control NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 18 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 19 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 20 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 21 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 22 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 23 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 25 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 26 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 27 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 28 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 30 so so RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 31 far far RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 32 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 33 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1199 34 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 1 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 2 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 3 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 4 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 5 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 6 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 9 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 10 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 11 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 12 Palampur Palampur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 13 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 15 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 16 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 17 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 18 Banglore Banglore NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 19 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 21 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 22 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 23 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 24 Karnataka Karnataka NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 25 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 27 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 28 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 29 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 30 Gujarat Gujarat NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 31 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1200 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 1 Among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 2 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 4 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 5 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 6 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 7 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 8 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 9 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 11 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 12 primer primer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 14 able able JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 15 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 16 give give VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 18 desired desire VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 19 amplicon amplicon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 21 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 22 1180 1180 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 23 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1201 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 1 Hence hence RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 5 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 6 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 8 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 9 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 10 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 12 Petunia Petunia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 13 hybrida hybrida NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 14 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 15 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 16 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 17 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 18 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 19 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 20 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 21 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 22 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1202 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 4 petunia petunia NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 5 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 6 become become VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 8 sever sever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 9 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 10 constraint constraint NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 12 coming come VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 13 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1203 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 1 From from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 2 last last JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 3 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 4 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 6 2008 2008 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 8 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 12 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 13 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 14 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 15 varieties variety NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 17 brinjal brinjal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 18 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 20 rainy rainy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 21 season season NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 23 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 24 typical typical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 25 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 26 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 27 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 29 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1204 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 2 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 3 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 4 upward upward RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 5 curling curling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 8 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 10 cupping cupping NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 12 vein vein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 13 thickening thickening NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 15 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 17 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 18 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 20 distortion distortion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 22 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1205 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 2 severely severely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 3 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 4 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 5 remains remain VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 6 stunted stunted JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 8 bushy bushy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 10 became become VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 11 unproductive unproductive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 12 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 13 produces produce VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 14 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 15 few few JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 16 fruits fruit NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1206 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 4 experimentally experimentally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 5 transmitted transmit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 7 naturally naturally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 8 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 9 brinjal brinjal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 10 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 11 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 12 seedlings seedling NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 13 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 14 whiteflies whitefly NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 16 Bemisia Bemisia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 17 tabaci tabaci NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 20 grafting grafting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 22 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 23 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 24 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 25 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 26 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 27 aphid aphid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 28 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1207 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 2 detect detect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 4 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 5 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 7 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 8 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 9 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 10 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 11 extracted extract VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 12 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 14 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 15 showing show VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 16 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 17 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1208 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 2 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 6 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 7 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 8 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 9 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 10 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 11 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 12 geneus geneus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 13 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 14 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 15 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 16 designed design VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 17 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 18 Deng Deng NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 19 et et NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 20 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1209 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1210 1 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1210 2 Wyatt Wyatt NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1210 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1210 4 Brown Brown NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1210 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1210 6 Rojas Rojas NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1210 7 et et NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1210 8 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1210 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1211 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1211 2 degenerated degenerate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1211 3 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1211 4 give give VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1211 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1211 6 expected expect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1211 7 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1211 8 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1211 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1211 10 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1211 11 530 530 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1211 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1212 1 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1212 2 575 575 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1212 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1213 1 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1213 2 1280 1280 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1213 3 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1213 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1213 5 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1213 6 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 1 Core core NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 2 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 3 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 5 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 7 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 9 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 11 b b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 13 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 14 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 17 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 18 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 19 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 20 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1214 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 2 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 4 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 5 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 7 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 8 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 9 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 11 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 13 subjected subject VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 14 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 15 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 17 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 18 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 19 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 20 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 21 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 22 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 23 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 24 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 25 Tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 26 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 27 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 28 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 29 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 30 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 31 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 32 Tomato Tomato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 33 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 34 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 35 Palampur Palampur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 36 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 37 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 38 Tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 39 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 40 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 41 Banglore Banglore NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 42 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 43 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 44 Tomato Tomato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 45 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 46 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 47 Karnataka Karnataka NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 48 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 49 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 50 Tomato Tomato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 51 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 52 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 53 Gujarat Gujarat NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 54 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 55 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 56 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 57 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1215 58 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 1 Among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 2 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 4 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 5 Tomato Tomato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 6 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 7 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 8 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 9 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 11 primer primer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 13 able able JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 15 show show VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 17 desired desire VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 18 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 19 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 21 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 22 1180 1180 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 23 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1216 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 5 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 6 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 7 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 8 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 9 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 11 brinjal brinjal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 12 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 13 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 14 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 15 Tomato Tomato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 16 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 17 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 18 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 19 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 20 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 22 association association NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 23 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 24 satellite satellite NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 25 b b NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 26 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 27 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1217 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 2 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 4 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 5 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 8 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 10 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 11 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 13 further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 14 subjected subject VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 15 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 17 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 18 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 20 designed design VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 21 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 22 amplify amplify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 23 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 25 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 26 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 27 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 28 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 29 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 31 so so RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 32 far far RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 33 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 34 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1218 35 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 1 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 2 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 3 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 4 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 5 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 6 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 9 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 10 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 11 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 12 Palampur Palampur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 13 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 15 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 16 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 17 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 18 Banglore Banglore NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 19 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 21 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 22 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 23 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 24 Karnataka Karnataka NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 25 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 27 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 28 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 29 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 30 Gujarat Gujarat NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 31 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 33 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 34 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1219 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 1 Among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 2 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 4 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 5 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 6 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 7 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 8 Palampur Palampur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 9 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 10 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 11 primer primer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 13 able able JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 15 give give VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 17 expected expect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 18 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 19 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 21 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 22 900 900 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 23 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1220 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 2 shows show VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 4 association association NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 6 tomato tomato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 7 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 8 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 9 Palampur Palampur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 11 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 12 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 13 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 14 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 16 Calendula Calendula NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 18 Marigold Marigold NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1221 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 3 Calendula Calendula NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 5 Marigold Marigold NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 6 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 7 act act VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 8 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 9 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 10 reservoir reservoir NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 11 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 13 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 14 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 15 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 16 Palampur Palampur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 17 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 19 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 20 cause cause VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 21 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 22 constrain constrain VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 25 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 27 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 28 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 29 ornamental ornamental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 30 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1222 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 1 Groundnut Groundnut NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 2 bud bud NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 3 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 6 GBNV GBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 8 belongs belong VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 10 serogroup serogroup VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 11 IV IV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1223 14 genus genus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 1 Tospovirus Tospovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 2 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 3 Bynayaviridae Bynayaviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 4 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 6 infects infect VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 7 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 8 economically economically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 9 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 10 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 11 all all RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 12 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 13 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1224 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 2 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 3 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 5 NP NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 7 encoded encode VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 10 small small JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 13 GBNV GBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 14 encapsidates encapsidate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 16 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 17 RNAs rna NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1225 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 1 Apart apart RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 2 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 3 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 4 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 5 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 8 NP NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 9 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 10 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 11 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 12 implicated implicate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 15 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 17 transcription transcription NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 19 maturation maturation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 21 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 22 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 23 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 24 movement movement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1226 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 1 With with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 2 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 3 view view NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 5 study study VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 7 structure structure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 9 function function NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 12 NP NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 14 GBNVtomato GBNVtomato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 15 isolate isolate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 16 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 17 Karnataka Karnataka NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 18 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 19 over over RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 20 expressed express VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 22 E. E. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 23 coli coli NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 25 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 26 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 27 Ni Ni NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 28 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 29 NTA NTA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 30 chromatography chromatography NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1227 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 2 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 3 NP NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 5 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 6 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 7 ribonucleoprotein ribonucleoprotein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 8 complex complex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 10 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 11 heterogeneous heterogeneous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 12 mixture mixture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 13 containing contain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 14 monomers monomer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 16 tetramers tetramer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 18 higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 19 order order NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 20 multimers multimer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1228 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 2 order order NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 3 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 4 determine determine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 6 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 7 involved involve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 9 oligomerization oligomerization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 11 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 12 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 13 binding bind VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 15 mutational mutational JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 16 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 17 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 18 taken take VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1229 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 1 N n CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 2 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 4 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 5 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 6 terminal terminal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 7 deletion deletion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 8 clones clone NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 10 generated generate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 12 N20NP n20np UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 14 N40NP n40np PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 16 C15NP C15NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 18 C37NP C37NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 21 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 22 expressed express VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 24 E. E. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 25 coli coli NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 28 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 29 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 30 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 31 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 32 procedure procedure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 33 identical identical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 34 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 35 that that DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 36 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 37 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 38 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 39 wild wild JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 40 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 41 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1230 42 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 1 Initial initial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 2 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 3 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 4 oligomeric oligomeric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 5 status status NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 6 suggested suggest VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 9 addition addition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 10 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 11 N n CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 12 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 14 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 16 terminal terminal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 17 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 18 there there RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 19 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 20 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 21 additional additional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 22 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 23 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 24 residues residue NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 25 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 26 contribute contribute VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 27 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 28 multimerization multimerization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 30 NP NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1231 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 2 amount amount NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 5 bound bind VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 8 truncated truncated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 9 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 10 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 11 reduced reduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 13 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 15 N20NP N20NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 17 N40NP n40np PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 19 C15NP C15NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1232 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 2 removal removal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 4 37 37 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 5 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 6 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 7 residues residue NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 9 natively natively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 10 unfolded unfold VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 11 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 13 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 15 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 16 terminus terminus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 17 resulted result VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 19 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 20 loss loss NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 22 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 23 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 24 binding binding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 25 suggesting suggest VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 26 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 28 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 29 binding binding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 30 domain domain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 31 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 32 located locate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 33 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 34 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 35 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 36 terminal terminal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 37 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 38 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 39 NP NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1233 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 1 Further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 2 NP NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 4 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 6 get get VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 7 phosphorylated phosphorylate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 10 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 11 kinase kinase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 12 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 13 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 15 kinase kinase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 16 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 19 soluble soluble JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 20 fraction fraction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 22 tobacco tobacco NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 23 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 24 sap sap NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1234 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1235 1 Both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1235 2 ATP ATP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1235 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1235 4 GTP GTP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1235 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1235 6 utilized utilize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1235 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1235 8 phosporyl phosporyl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1235 9 donors donor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1235 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1235 11 Mn Mn NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1235 12 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1235 13 ? ? . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 1 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 3 preferred preferred JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 4 metal metal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 5 ion ion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 6 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 7 suggests suggest VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 8 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 9 NP NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 10 might may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 11 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 12 phosphorylated phosphorylate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 13 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 15 CK2-like ck2-like NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 16 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 17 kinase kinase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1236 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 1 Phosphorylation Phosphorylation NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 2 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 3 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 4 N n CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 5 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 7 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 8 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 9 terminal terminal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 10 truncated truncated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 11 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 12 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 13 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 15 site site NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 17 phosphorylation phosphorylation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 18 lies lie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 19 within within IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 21 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 22 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 23 residues residue NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 24 40 40 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 25 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 26 239 239 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1237 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 1 By by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 2 Mass Mass NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 3 spectrometric spectrometric JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 4 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 7 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 8 Threonine-84 Threonine-84 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 10 Serine-202 Serine-202 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 12 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 13 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 14 possible possible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 15 phosphorylation phosphorylation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 16 sites site NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1238 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 2 naturally naturally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 3 occurring occur VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 4 isolate isolate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 6 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 7 infecting infect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 8 Gherkin Gherkin NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 10 Cucumis Cucumis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 11 anguira anguira NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 12 L. L. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 14 showing show VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 15 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 16 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 18 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 20 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 21 distortion distortion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 23 dark dark JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 24 green green JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 25 islands island NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 28 lamina lamina NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 29 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 30 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 31 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 33 export export NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 34 cultivars cultivar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 35 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 36 gherkin gherkin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 37 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 38 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 39 commercial commercial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 40 fields field NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 41 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 42 Kuppam Kuppam NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 43 rural rural NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 44 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 45 Chittoor Chittoor NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 46 District District NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 47 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 48 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 49 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1239 50 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 3 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 5 deadly deadly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 6 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 7 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 9 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 10 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 11 caused cause VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 12 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 13 lot lot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 15 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 16 damage damage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 17 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 19 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 20 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 21 resulted result VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 22 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 23 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 24 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 26 reduced reduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 27 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 29 fruits fruit NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 30 meant mean VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 31 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 32 export export NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1240 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1241 1 Symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1241 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1241 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1241 4 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1241 5 fruit fruit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1241 6 included include VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1241 7 blistering blistering NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1241 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1241 9 malformation malformation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1241 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1241 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1241 12 fruit fruit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1241 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 3 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 4 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 5 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 7 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 9 initial initial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 10 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 11 range range NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 12 tests test NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 13 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 14 conducted conduct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 16 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 17 cucurbit cucurbit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 18 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 19 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 20 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 22 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 23 range range NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 24 include include VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 25 propagation propagation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 26 hosts host NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 27 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 28 Cucumis Cucumis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 29 anguira anguira NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 31 Gherkin Gherkin NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 33 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 34 Cucumis Cucumis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 35 sativus sativus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 36 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 37 Cucurbita Cucurbita NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 38 pepo pepo NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 39 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 40 Cucumis Cucumis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 41 melo melo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 42 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 43 Langeneria Langeneria NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 44 vulgaris vulgaris NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 45 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 46 Momordica Momordica NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 47 charantia charantia NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 48 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 49 local local JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 50 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 51 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 52 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 53 Chenopodium Chenopodium NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 54 amaranticolor amaranticolor NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1242 55 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1243 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1243 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1243 3 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1243 4 range range NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1243 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1243 6 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1243 7 restricted restrict VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1243 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1243 9 Cucurbit Cucurbit NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1243 10 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1243 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1243 12 Chenopodium Chenopodium NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1243 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 4 maintained maintain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 6 further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 7 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 8 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 9 Cucurbita Cucurbita NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 10 pepo pepo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 12 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 13 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 14 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 15 inoculation inoculation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1244 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1245 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1245 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1245 3 induced induce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1245 4 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1245 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1245 6 vein vein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1245 7 clearing clearing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1245 8 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1245 9 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1245 10 Pumpkin Pumpkin NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1245 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 1 Electron electron NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 2 microscopy microscopy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 5 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 6 dip dip NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 7 preparations preparation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 8 stained stain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 10 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 11 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 12 Uranyl Uranyl NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 13 acetate acetate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 14 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 16 pumpkin pumpkin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 17 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 18 showing show VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 19 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 20 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 22 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 24 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 25 long long JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 26 flexuous flexuous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 27 filamentous filamentous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 28 particle particle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 29 measuring measure VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 30 750 750 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 31 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 32 12 12 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 33 nm nm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1246 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 3 positively positively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 4 reacted react VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 5 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 7 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 8 antisera antisera NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 10 Papaya Papaya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 11 ringspot ringspot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 12 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 13 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 14 W W NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 16 Potato Potato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 17 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 18 Y Y NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 20 Tobacco Tobacco NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 21 etch etch NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 22 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 24 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 25 strongly strongly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 26 reacted react VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 27 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 29 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 30 antiserum antiserum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 32 Zucchini Zucchini NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 33 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 34 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 35 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 36 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 37 Direct Direct NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 38 Antigen Antigen NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 39 Coated Coated NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 40 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 41 Enzyme Enzyme NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 42 Linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 43 Immunosorbent Immunosorbent NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 44 Assay Assay NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 46 DAC DAC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 47 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 48 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1247 50 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 1 Because because IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 3 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 4 strong strong JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 5 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 7 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 8 antisera antisera NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 10 Zucchini Zucchini NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 11 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 12 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 13 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 15 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 16 tried try VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 17 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 18 amplify amplify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 20 partial partial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 21 Nib Nib NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 23 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 24 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 27 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 28 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 29 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 31 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 32 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 33 UTR UTR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 34 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 35 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 36 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 37 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 38 ZY2 zy2 VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 39 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 40 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 41 GCTCCATACATAGCTGAG GCTCCATACATAGCTGAG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 42 ACAGC3 ACAGC3 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 43 0 0 NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 44 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 45 ZY3 ZY3 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 46 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 47 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1248 48 TAGGCTTTTTGCAAACGGAGTCTA TAGGCTTTTTGCAAACGGAGTCTA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1249 1 AT at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1249 2 C3 c3 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1249 3 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1249 4 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 1 Total Total NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 3 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 4 Gherkin Gherkin NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 5 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 6 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 8 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 9 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 10 Trizol Trizol NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 11 LS LS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 12 reagent reagent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 14 Sigma Sigma NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1250 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 1 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 3 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 5 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 7 obtain obtain VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 8 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 9 amplicon amplicon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 11 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 12 1.2kbp 1.2kbp CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 14 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 15 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 16 Fermentas Fermentas NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 17 pTZ57R pTZ57R NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 18 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 19 T t NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 20 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 22 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 23 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 24 MWG MWG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 25 biotech biotech NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 27 Bangalore Bangalore NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1251 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 1 Sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 3 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 6 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 8 isolate isolate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 10 Zucchini Zucchini NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 11 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 12 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 13 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 15 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 16 showing show VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 17 98 98 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 18 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 20 homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 21 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 22 that that DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 25 Zucchini Zucchini NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 26 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 27 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 28 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 29 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 30 B B NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 31 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 32 AY188994 ay188994 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 33 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 34 Zucchini Zucchini NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 35 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 36 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 37 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 38 NAT NAT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 39 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 40 EF062582 ef062582 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 41 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 42 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 43 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 44 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 45 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 46 Israel Israel NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1252 47 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1253 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1253 2 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1253 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1253 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1253 5 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1253 6 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1253 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1253 8 submitted submit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1253 9 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1253 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1253 11 Genbank Genbank NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1253 12 GQ482976 GQ482976 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1253 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 2 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 3 state state VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 5 suspicion suspicion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 6 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 8 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 9 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 10 have have VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 11 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 12 mobilized mobilize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 13 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 14 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 15 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 16 source source NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 17 brought bring VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 18 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 20 Commercial Commercial NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 21 Israeli Israeli NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 22 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 23 companies company NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 24 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 25 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 26 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 27 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 28 poor poor JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 29 quarantine quarantine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 30 regulations regulation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 31 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 33 Gherkin Gherkin NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 34 cultivation cultivation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 35 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 36 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 37 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 38 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 39 chiefly chiefly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 40 supported support VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 41 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 42 purchased purchase VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 43 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 44 exported export VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 45 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 46 marketed market VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 47 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 48 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 49 private private JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 50 companies company NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 51 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 52 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 53 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 54 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 55 Israel Israel NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1254 56 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 4 first first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 5 report report NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 6 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 7 Molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 8 characterisation characterisation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 10 Zucchini Zucchini NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 11 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 12 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 13 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 14 infecting infect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 15 Cucumis Cucumis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 16 anguira anguira NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 18 Gherkin Gherkin NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 20 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 21 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1255 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1256 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1256 2 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1256 3 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1256 4 synergism synergism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1256 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1256 6 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1256 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1256 8 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1256 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1256 10 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1256 11 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1256 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 1 Fifty fifty CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 2 percent percent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 5 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 6 symptomatic symptomatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 7 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 8 population population NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 10 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 11 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 12 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 13 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 14 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 15 carla carla NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 16 while while IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 17 remaining remain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 18 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 19 mixed mixed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 20 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 22 Carla Carla NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 23 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 24 Tospo Tospo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 26 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 27 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 28 while while IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 29 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 30 others other NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 31 carla carla NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 32 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 33 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 34 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 35 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 36 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 37 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 38 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 39 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1257 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 1 Presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 3 only only JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 4 carlavirus carlavirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 6 up up RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 8 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 9 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 10 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 11 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 12 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 14 without without IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 15 association association NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 17 Tospo Tospo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 19 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 21 Poty Poty NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 22 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1258 23 Tobamo Tobamo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1259 1 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1259 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1259 3 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1259 4 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1259 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1259 6 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1259 7 fields field NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1259 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 1 Avijit Avijit NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 2 Tarafdar Tarafdar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 4 Raju Raju NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 5 Ghosh Ghosh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 7 K. K. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 8 K. K. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 9 Biswas Biswas NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 10 Plant Plant NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 11 Virology Virology NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 12 Unit Unit NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 14 Division Division NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 16 Plant Plant NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 17 Pathology Pathology NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 19 Indian Indian NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 20 Agricultural Agricultural NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 21 Research Research NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 22 Institute Institute NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 24 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 25 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 26 110012 110012 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 27 Citrus Citrus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 28 tristeza tristeza NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 29 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 31 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 33 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 34 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 35 brown brown JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 36 citrus citrus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 37 aphid aphid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 39 Toxoptera Toxoptera NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 40 citricidus citricidus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 42 transmitted transmit VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 43 Closterovirus Closterovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 44 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 45 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 46 Closteroviridae Closteroviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 47 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 48 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 49 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 50 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 51 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 52 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 53 limiting limit VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 54 factors factor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 55 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 56 cultivation cultivation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 57 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 58 citrus citrus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 59 worldwide worldwide RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1260 60 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 1 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 3 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 4 longest long RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 5 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 6 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 8 having have VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 9 flexuous flexuous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 10 particle particle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 12 2000 2000 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 13 9 9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 14 11 11 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 15 nm nm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 17 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1261 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 1 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 2 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 5 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 6 sense sense NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 7 ssRNA ssRNA '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 9 about about RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 10 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 11 kb kb NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 12 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 13 containing contain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 14 13 13 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 15 open open JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 16 reading reading NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 17 frames frame NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 19 ORFs ORFs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 21 encoding encode VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 22 17 17 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 23 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1262 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 1 Several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 2 biological biological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 3 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 4 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 5 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 6 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 7 variants variant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 9 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 10 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 11 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 13 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 15 citrus citrus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 16 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 17 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 20 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1263 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 1 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 2 causes cause VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 3 decline decline NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 5 death death NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 7 millions million NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 9 citrus citrus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 10 trees tree NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 13 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1264 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 2 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 4 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 6 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 7 century century NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 8 old old JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 9 problem problem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 12 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 13 killed kill VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 14 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 15 estimated estimate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 16 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 17 million million CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 18 citrus citrus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 19 trees tree NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 20 till till IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 21 today today NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1265 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 2 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 4 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 5 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 7 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 8 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 9 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 10 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 12 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 13 fully fully RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 14 characterized characterize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1266 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 1 Genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 2 diversity diversity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 4 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 5 divergence divergence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 7 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 8 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 10 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 11 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 12 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 13 fully fully RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 14 established establish VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1267 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 1 Further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 3 evidence evidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 5 recombination recombination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 7 causes cause NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 9 evolution evolution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 11 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 12 variants variant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 14 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 15 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 16 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 17 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 18 studied study VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 19 till till IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 20 date date NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1268 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 5 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 6 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 8 effort effort NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 9 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 10 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 11 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 12 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 13 characterize characterize VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 14 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 15 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 16 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 17 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 19 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 20 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 22 examine examine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 24 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 25 diversity diversity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 27 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 28 recombination recombination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 29 events event NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 31 analyze analyze VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 32 evolution evolution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 33 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 34 divergent divergent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 35 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1269 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 2 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 3 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 5 73 73 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 6 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 7 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 8 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 9 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 10 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 12 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 14 35 35 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 15 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 16 Darjeeling Darjeeling NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 17 hills hill NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 19 five five CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 20 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 21 Bangalore Bangalore NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 23 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 24 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 25 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 27 18 18 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 28 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 29 Vidarbha Vidarbha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 31 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 32 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 33 taken take VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 34 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 35 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 36 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1270 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 1 Two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 2 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 3 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 5 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 7 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 9 entire entire JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 10 CP cp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 11 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 13 CPG CPG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 16 672 672 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 17 nt nt NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 20 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 21 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 22 fragment fragment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 24 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 25 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 26 ORF1a ORF1a NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 28 ORF1a ORF1a NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 31 404 404 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 32 nt nt NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 34 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 35 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 36 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 37 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 38 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 39 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 40 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 41 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 42 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 43 analyzed analyze VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1271 44 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 1 Based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 2 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 3 CPG CPG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 5 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 6 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 7 shared share VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 8 88 88 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 9 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 10 99 99 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 11 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 12 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 13 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 16 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 17 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 18 ORF1a ORF1a NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 19 they -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 20 shared share VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 21 82 82 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 22 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 23 99 99 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 24 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 25 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 27 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 28 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1272 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 1 Incongruence Incongruence NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 3 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 4 relationship relationship NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 6 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 8 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 9 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 10 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 11 five five CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 12 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 13 clades clade NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 14 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 15 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 16 CPG CPG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 19 eight eight CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 20 clades clade NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 21 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 22 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 23 ORF1a ORF1a NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 25 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 26 generated generate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 27 suggesting suggest VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 29 recombination recombination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 30 events event NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 31 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 32 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 33 occurred occur VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 34 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 35 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 36 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 37 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 38 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 39 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 40 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1273 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 3 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 4 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 6 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 7 recombination recombination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 8 events event NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 11 determine determine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 13 parental parental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 14 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 16 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 17 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 19 six six CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 20 recombination recombination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 21 detecting detect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 22 algorithms algorithm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 24 namely namely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 26 RDP RDP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 27 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 28 Genconv Genconv NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 30 Bootscan Bootscan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 31 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 32 Maxchi Maxchi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 33 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 34 Chimera Chimera NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 35 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 36 Siscan Siscan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 37 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 38 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1274 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 1 Out out IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 3 73 73 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 4 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 5 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 7 CPG CPG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 9 18 18 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 11 ORF1a ORF1a NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 13 47 47 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 14 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 16 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 17 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 18 recombination recombination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 19 events event NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 20 suggesting suggest VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 21 ORF1a ORF1a NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 22 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 23 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 24 prone prone JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 26 fragile fragile JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 27 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 28 RNA rna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 29 recombination recombination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 30 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 31 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 32 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 33 CPG CPG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1275 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 2 findings finding NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 3 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 5 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 6 degrees degree NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 8 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 9 diversity diversity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 11 incongruent incongruent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 12 relationships relationship NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 14 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 15 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 16 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 17 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 18 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 19 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 20 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 21 recombination recombination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 22 occurred occur VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 24 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 25 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 26 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 28 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 29 factors factor NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 31 driving drive VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 32 evolution evolution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 33 CTV CTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 34 variants variant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 35 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 36 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 37 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 38 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 39 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 40 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 41 supported support VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 42 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 43 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 44 splitTree splitTree NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 45 decomposition decomposition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 46 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1276 47 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 1 B. B. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 2 V. V. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 3 Bhaskara Bhaskara NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 4 Reddy Reddy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 6 Y. Y. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 7 Sivaprasad Sivaprasad NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 9 K. K. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 10 Rekha Rekha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 11 Rani Rani NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 13 K. K. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 14 Raja Raja NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 15 Reddy Reddy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 16 Department Department NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 18 Plant Plant NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 19 Pathology Pathology NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 21 Regional Regional NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 22 Agricultural Agricultural NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 23 Research Research NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 24 Station Station NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 26 Acharya Acharya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 27 N.G. N.G. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 28 Ranga Ranga NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 29 Agricultural Agricultural NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 30 University University NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 31 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 32 Tirupati Tirupati NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 33 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 34 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 35 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 36 Sunflower Sunflower NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 38 Helianthus Helianthus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 39 annus annus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 40 L. L. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 42 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 43 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 44 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 45 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 46 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 47 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 48 oil oil NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 49 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 50 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 51 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 52 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 53 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 54 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 55 ranks rank VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 56 third third RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 57 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 58 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 59 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 60 Soyabean Soyabean NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 61 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 62 Groundnut Groundnut NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1277 63 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 2 Sunflower Sunflower NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 3 Necrosis Necrosis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 4 Disease Disease NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 6 SND SND NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 8 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 9 characterized characterize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 11 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 13 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 15 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 16 streaks streak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 17 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 18 petioles petiole NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 20 stem stem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 22 floral floral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 23 parts part NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 25 stunted stunted JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 26 growth growth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1278 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 2 causal causal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 3 agent agent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 6 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 7 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 8 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 9 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 10 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 11 Tobacco tobacco NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 12 streak streak NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 13 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 15 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 17 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 18 belongs belong VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 19 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 20 genus genus VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 21 Ilarvirus Ilarvirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 24 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 25 Bromoviridae Bromoviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1279 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 2 suspected suspect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 3 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 4 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 5 sunflower sunflower NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 6 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 7 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 8 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 9 chittoor chittoor NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 10 district district NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 12 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 13 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 15 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 16 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 17 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 18 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 19 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 20 DAC DAC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 21 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1280 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 1 Total Total NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 4 extracted extract VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 6 sunflower sunflower NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 7 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 8 RNAeasy rnaeasy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 9 isolation isolation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 10 kit kit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 12 QIAGEN QIAGEN NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1281 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 2 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 3 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 4 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 6 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 8 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 10 movement movement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 11 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 13 MP MP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 15 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 17 replicase replicase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 19 Rep Rep NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 21 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 22 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 23 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 24 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 25 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 26 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 27 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 28 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 29 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 30 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 31 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 32 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 33 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 34 pTZ57R pTZ57R NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 35 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 36 T t NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 37 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 38 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 39 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 40 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 41 deposited deposit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 42 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 43 GenBank GenBank NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 45 GU355899 gu355899 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 46 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 47 GU355900 GU355900 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 48 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 49 GU371445 gu371445 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1282 51 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 2 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 4 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 5 CP cp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 6 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 8 717 717 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 9 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 11 codes code NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 12 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 13 239 239 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 14 amino amino JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 15 acids acid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1283 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 2 CP cp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 3 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 4 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 5 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 6 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 9 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 11 TPT TPT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 12 infecting infect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 13 sunflower sunflower NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 14 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 15 98 98 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 16 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 17 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 18 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 19 homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 20 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 21 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 22 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 23 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 24 soybean soybean NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 26 tagietus tagietus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 27 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 28 TPT TPT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 30 okra okra NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 31 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 32 TN TN NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 33 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 34 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 35 93 93 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 36 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 37 99 99 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 38 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 39 homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 40 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 41 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 42 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 43 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1284 44 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 2 movement movement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 3 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 4 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 6 615 615 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 7 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 9 codes code NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 11 205 205 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 12 amino amino JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 13 acids acid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1285 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 2 MP MP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 3 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 4 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 5 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 6 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 9 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 10 94 94 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 11 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 12 97 97 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 13 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 14 homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 15 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 16 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 17 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 19 92 92 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 20 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 21 95 95 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 22 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 23 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 24 aminoacid aminoacid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 25 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1286 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 1 Chilli Chilli NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 3 Capsicum capsicum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 4 annuum annuum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 8 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 9 commercial commercial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 10 vegetable vegetable NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 11 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 12 spice spice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 14 Himachal Himachal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 15 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 17 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 18 affected affect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 19 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 20 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 21 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 22 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 23 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 25 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 26 Cucumo Cucumo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 27 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 28 Tospo Tospo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 30 Poty Poty NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 32 Gemini Gemini NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 33 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 34 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 35 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 36 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 37 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 38 genera genus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1287 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 3 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 4 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 5 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 6 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 7 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 8 clearly clearly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 10 characterized characterize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 11 fully fully RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 13 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 14 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 15 foremost foremost RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 16 needed need VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 17 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 18 formulate formulate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 20 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 21 strategy strategy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1288 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 5 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 6 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 8 effort effort NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 9 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 10 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 11 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 12 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 13 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 15 characterize characterize VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 17 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 18 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 19 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 20 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 22 chilli chilli NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1289 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 5 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 6 farms farm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 8 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 9 chilli chilli NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 10 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 11 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 13 Bilaspur Bilaspur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 15 Kangra Kangra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 16 districts district NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 18 Himachal Himachal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 19 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 20 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 21 surveyed survey VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 23 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 24 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 25 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 26 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 27 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 28 randomly randomly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1290 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 1 Virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 2 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 4 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 5 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 7 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 9 DAS DAS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 11 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 12 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 13 antisera antisera NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 14 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 15 Cucumber cucumber NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 16 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 17 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 19 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 22 potyvirus potyvirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 24 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 25 specific specific NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 28 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 29 slot slot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 30 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 31 blot blot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 32 hybridization hybridization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 34 SBH SBH NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 36 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 37 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 38 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 39 Iris Iris NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 40 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 41 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 42 poty poty NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 43 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 45 ISMV ISMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 47 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 48 Tomato Tomato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 49 spotted spot VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 50 wilt wilt NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 51 tospo tospo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 52 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 53 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 54 TSWV TSWV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 56 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 57 Chilli Chilli NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 58 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 59 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 60 gemini gemini NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 61 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 62 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 63 CLCuV CLCuV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 64 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1291 65 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 1 Based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 2 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 3 DAS DAS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 5 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 7 SBH SBH NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 10 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 12 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 14 estimated estimate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 16 ranged range VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 17 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 18 18.2 18.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 19 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 20 21.8 21.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 21 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 22 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 23 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 25 3.5 3.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 26 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 27 5.4 5.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 28 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 29 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 30 potyvirus potyvirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1292 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 2 detect detect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 3 Tospo Tospo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 5 Geminivirus Geminivirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 8 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 9 chilli chilli NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 11 SBH SBH NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 12 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 14 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 15 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1293 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 1 Infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 2 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 3 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 4 maximum maximum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 5 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 6 titer titer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 8 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 9 DAS DAS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 11 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 13 SBH SBH NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 14 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 15 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 16 further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 17 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 18 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 19 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 20 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 21 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 22 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1294 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1295 1 Desired desire VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1295 2 sizes size NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1295 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1295 4 amplicons amplicon NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1295 5 ; ; . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1296 1 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1296 2 540 540 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1296 3 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1296 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1296 5 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1296 6 800 800 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1296 7 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1296 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1296 9 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 1 570 570 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 2 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 4 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 5 460 460 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 6 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 8 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 10 Poty Poty NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 12 Gemini Gemini NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 14 Tospo Tospo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 15 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 17 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 19 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 20 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1297 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 1 As as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 3 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 4 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 5 clearly clearly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 6 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 8 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 9 appeared appear VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 10 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 11 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 12 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 13 one one NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 14 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 16 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 17 infecting infect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 18 chilli chilli NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 21 hilly hilly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 22 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 24 Himachal Himachal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 25 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 27 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 28 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 30 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 31 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 32 characterized characterize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 33 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 34 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 35 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1298 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 3 amplified amplified JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 4 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 6 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 7 540 540 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 8 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 11 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 13 Palampur Palampur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 14 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 16 Palampur Palampur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 17 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 18 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 19 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 21 pGEMT pGEMT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 22 cloning cloning NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 23 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 25 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 28 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 29 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 30 submitted submit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 31 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 32 NCBI NCBI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 33 database database NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 35 Palampur Palampur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 36 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 37 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 38 Acc acc NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 39 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 40 FM209497 FM209497 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 41 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 42 Palampur Palampur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 43 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 44 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 45 Acc acc NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 46 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 47 FM209498 FM209498 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1299 49 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 2 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 4 then then RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 5 analyzed analyze VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 7 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 9 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 10 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 11 available available JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 14 data data NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 15 base base NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1300 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 1 Based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 2 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 3 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 4 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 8 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 9 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 10 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 11 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 12 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 13 shared share VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 14 99 99 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 15 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 16 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 17 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 18 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 19 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 21 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 22 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 23 related relate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1301 24 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 1 Australian australian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 2 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 3 isolate isolate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 4 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 5 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 6 Ly Ly NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 8 Acc acc NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 10 AF198103 AF198103 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 12 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 13 98 98 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 14 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 15 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 16 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1302 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 2 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 3 tree tree NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 4 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 8 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 9 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 10 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 11 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 12 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 13 formed form VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 14 same same JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 15 cluster cluster NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 16 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 18 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 19 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 20 Ly Ly NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1303 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 1 As as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 4 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 5 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 6 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 7 subgroup subgroup NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 8 II II NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 9 comprises comprise VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 10 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 12 Ly Ly NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 15 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 16 concluded conclude VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 17 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 19 CMVs cmv NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 21 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 22 hilly hilly JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 23 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 25 Himachal Himachal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 26 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 27 belong belong VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 28 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 29 subgroup subgroup NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 30 II II NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1304 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 1 Chilli Chilli NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 3 essentially essentially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 5 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 8 tropics tropic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 10 grows grow VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 11 better well JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 13 hotter hot JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 14 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1305 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 1 Chlii Chlii NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 3 Capsicum capsicum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 4 annuum annuum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 8 member member NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 10 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 11 solanaceae solanaceae NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 12 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 13 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 14 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 15 vegetable vegetable NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 17 spice spice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 18 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 20 immense immense JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 21 commercial commercial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 22 importance importance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1306 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 2 pungency pungency NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 4 pepper pepper NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 6 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 8 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 9 alkaloid alkaloid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 10 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 11 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 12 capsaicine capsaicine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 14 peppers pepper NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 15 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 16 characterized characterize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 17 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 18 sweet sweet JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 20 hot hot JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 21 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 22 mild mild JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 23 depending depending NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 24 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 25 capsaicine capsaicine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 26 content content NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1307 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 3 investigation investigation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 5 conducted conduct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 7 find find VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 8 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 10 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 11 resistant resistant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 12 cultivars cultivar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 14 Capsicum capsicum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 15 annuum annuum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 16 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 17 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 19 TYLCV TYLCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 20 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 21 ten ten CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 22 cultivars cultivar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 24 chilli chilli NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 26 agroclimatic agroclimatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 27 condition condition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 29 Aligarh Aligarh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1308 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 2 highest high JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 4 70 70 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 6 80 80 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 8 percentage percentage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 10 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 12 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 14 HC-201 hc-201 PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 16 Kalyanpur Kalyanpur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 17 type-1 type-1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 18 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 19 showing show VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 21 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 22 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 23 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 24 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 25 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 26 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 27 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1309 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 1 No no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 2 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 4 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 6 case case NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 8 BC-16 BC-16 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 10 LCA-235 LCA-235 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 12 JCA-154 jca-154 RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 14 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 15 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 16 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 17 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 18 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 19 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 20 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1310 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 1 BC-16 BC-16 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 3 LCA-235 LCA-235 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 4 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 5 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 6 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 7 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 9 TYLCV TYLCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 11 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 13 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 15 symptomless symptomless JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1311 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 1 Maximum maximum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 2 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 4 70 70 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 6 80 80 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 9 registered register VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 11 HC-201 HC-201 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 13 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 14 8 8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 16 cultivar cultivar NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1312 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 1 So so RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 4 BC-16 BC-16 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 6 LCA-235 LCA-235 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 8 JCA-154 JCA-154 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 9 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 10 proved prove VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 11 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 12 resistant resistant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 13 varieties variety NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 14 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 15 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 17 TYLCV TYLCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 19 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 20 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 21 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 22 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 24 breeding breed VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 25 programmes programme NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 26 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 27 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1313 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1314 1 Cotton cotton NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1314 2 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1314 3 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1314 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1314 5 belongs belong VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1314 6 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1314 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1314 8 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1314 9 Geminiviridae Geminiviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1314 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1314 11 genus genus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1314 12 Begomovirus Begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1314 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 2 members member NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 4 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 5 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 6 contain contain VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 7 circular circular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 8 single single JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 9 stranded strand VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 10 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 11 molecules molecule NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 12 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 14 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1315 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 1 There there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 2 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 3 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 4 kinds kind NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 6 begomoviruses begomoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 8 bipartite bipartite JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 9 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 11 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 12 consisting consist VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 14 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 15 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 16 molecules molecule NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 17 designated designate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 18 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 19 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 20 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 22 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 23 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 24 B b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 27 monopartite monopartite JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 28 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 29 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 30 contain contain VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 31 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 32 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 33 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1316 34 A a NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1317 1 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1317 2 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1317 3 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1317 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1317 5 B. b. NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 2 monopartite monopartite JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 3 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 6 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 8 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 10 accompanied accompany VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 12 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 13 small small JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 14 circular circular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 15 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 16 molecule molecule NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 17 called call VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 18 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 19 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 20 b b NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 21 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 22 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 23 essential essential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 24 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 26 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 28 typical typical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 29 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 30 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1318 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 1 Cotton cotton NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 2 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 3 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 6 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 7 monopartite monopartite JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 8 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 10 causes cause VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 12 cotton cotton NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 13 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 14 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 15 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 16 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 17 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 18 emerged emerge VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 19 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 20 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 21 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 22 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 24 cotton cotton NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 27 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 28 subcontinent subcontinent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1319 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 2 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 3 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 4 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 5 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 6 AC4 AC4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 8 Cotton Cotton NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 9 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 10 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 11 Kokhran Kokhran NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 12 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 13 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 14 Dabawali Dabawali NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 15 isolate isolate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 17 CLCuKV CLCuKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 18 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 19 Dab Dab NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 21 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 22 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 23 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 24 PGEX5X2 pgex5x2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 25 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 27 overexpressed overexpresse VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 28 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 29 BL21(DE3)PlysS BL21(DE3)PlysS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 30 E. E. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 31 coli coli NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 32 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1320 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1321 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1321 2 overexpressed overexpresse VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1321 3 GST gst NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1321 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1321 5 AC4 ac4 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1321 6 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1321 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1321 8 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1321 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1321 10 glutathione glutathione NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1321 11 Sepharose Sepharose NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1321 12 chromatography chromatography NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1321 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1322 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1322 2 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1322 3 GST gst NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1322 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1322 5 AC4 ac4 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1322 6 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1322 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1322 8 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1322 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1322 10 possess possess VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1322 11 ATPase ATPase NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1322 12 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1322 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 2 optimum optimum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 3 temperature temperature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 5 pH ph NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 8 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 10 37 37 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 11 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 12 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 14 7.4 7.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 15 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1323 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 2 ATPase ATPase NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 3 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 5 inhibited inhibit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 7 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 9 EDTA EDTA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 11 showing show VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 12 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 14 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 15 dependent dependent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 16 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 17 divalent divalent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 18 metal metal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 19 ions ion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1324 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 2 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 4 supported support VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 6 magnesium magnesium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 8 manganese manganese NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 10 zinc zinc NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 11 ions ion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 12 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 13 inhibited inhibit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 15 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 17 calcium calcium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 18 ions ion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1325 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 3 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 4 inhibited inhibit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 7 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 8 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 9 hydrolyzable hydrolyzable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 10 ATP ATP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 11 analogue analogue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 12 adenosine adenosine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 13 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 14 b b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 16 c c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 17 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 18 imido imido NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 19 triphosphate triphosphate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 23 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 25 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 26 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 27 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 28 CTP CTP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 30 GTP GTP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1326 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 2 K K NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 3 m m NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 6 V V NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 7 max max NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 10 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 11 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 12 ATP ATP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 13 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 15 substrate substrate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 16 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 17 1.54 1.54 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 18 mM mm CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 20 95.2 95.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 21 nmol nmol JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 22 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 23 min/ min/ NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 24 mg mg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 27 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 28 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1327 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1328 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1328 2 enzyme enzyme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1328 3 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1328 4 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1328 5 utilize utilize VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1328 6 GTP GTP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1328 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1328 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1328 9 substrate substrate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1328 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 2 fact fact NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 3 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 4 AC4 AC4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 6 specifically specifically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 7 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 8 NTPase NTPase NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 10 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 11 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 12 general general JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 13 phosphatase phosphatase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 14 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 15 revealed reveal VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 16 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 18 finding finding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 19 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 20 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 21 does do VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 22 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 23 hydrolyze hydrolyze VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 24 p p CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 25 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 26 Nitrophenyl nitrophenyl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 27 phosphate phosphate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 28 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 29 yield yield VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 30 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 31 colour colour NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 32 while while IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 33 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 34 similar similar JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 35 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 36 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 37 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 38 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 39 parallel parallel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 40 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 41 alkaline alkaline JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 42 phosphatase phosphatase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 43 readily readily RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 44 yields yield VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 45 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 46 colour colour NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1329 47 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 2 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 3 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 4 suggested suggest VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 5 earlier early RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 6 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 7 AC4 AC4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 8 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 9 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 10 involved involve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 12 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 13 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 14 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 15 movement movement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1330 18 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1331 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1331 2 Rojas Rojas NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1331 3 et et NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1331 4 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1331 5 . . NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1331 6 2001 2001 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1331 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1331 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 3 possible possible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 6 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 7 ability ability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 8 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 9 hydrolyze hydrolyze VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 10 ATP ATP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 12 AC4 AC4 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 13 serves serve VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 15 power power VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 16 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 17 movement movement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 20 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1332 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 1 Thirteen thirteen CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 2 Sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 3 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 4 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 5 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 6 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 7 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 8 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 9 midrib midrib JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 11 irregular irregular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 12 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 13 spot spot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 14 pattern pattern NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 15 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 16 six six CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 17 states state NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 19 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 20 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 21 characterized characterize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 22 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 23 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 25 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 26 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1333 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 1 SCYLV-615F scylv-615f JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 3 SCYLV-615R scylv-615r JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 4 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 6 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 8 forward forward RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 10 reverse reverse VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 11 primer primer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 12 pairs pair NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 15 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 16 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 18 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 20 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1334 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 1 Comparative comparative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 2 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 3 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 4 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 5 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 6 confirmed confirm VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 8 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 10 SCYLV SCYLV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 12 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 13 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 15 clustered cluster VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 16 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 17 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 18 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 19 groups group NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 20 confirming confirm VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 22 existence existence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 24 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 25 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 27 SCYLV SCYLV NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 28 affecting affect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 29 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 30 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 32 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1335 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 2 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 3 separate separate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 4 experiment experiment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 7 member member NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 9 both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 12 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 13 groups group NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 15 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 16 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 17 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 18 transmitted transmit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 19 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 21 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 22 aphid aphid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 24 Melanaphis Melanaphis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 25 sacchari sacchari NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 26 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 27 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 28 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 29 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 30 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 31 suggesting suggest VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 32 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 33 secondary secondary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 34 spread spread NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 35 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 36 nature nature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1336 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 2 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 3 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 4 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 6 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 7 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 8 cotton cotton NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 9 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 10 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 12 little little JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 13 bit bit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 14 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 16 both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 17 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 18 inoculation inoculation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 20 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 21 natural natural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 22 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 23 condition condition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1337 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 2 natural natural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 3 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 4 condition condition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 5 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 6 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 7 shown show VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 8 clear clear JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 9 chlorosis chlorosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 10 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 12 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 13 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 14 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 15 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 17 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 18 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 20 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 21 inoculated inoculate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 22 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 23 veinal veinal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 24 chlorosis chlorosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 26 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 27 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 29 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 30 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 31 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 32 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 33 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 34 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1338 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1339 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1339 2 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1339 3 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1339 4 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1339 5 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1339 6 grows grow VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1339 7 erect erect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1339 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1339 9 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1339 10 less less JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1339 11 boll boll NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1339 12 formation formation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1339 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1340 1 There there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1340 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1340 3 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1340 4 effect effect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1340 5 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1340 6 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1340 7 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1340 8 shape shape NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1340 9 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1340 10 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1340 11 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1340 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1341 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1341 2 initial initial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1341 3 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1341 4 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1341 5 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1341 6 cotton cotton NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1341 7 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1341 8 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1341 9 inoculation inoculation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1341 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1341 11 wonderful wonderful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1341 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 1 Local local JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 2 lesions lesion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 3 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 5 second second JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 6 week week NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 7 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 8 inoculation inoculation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 10 then then RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 11 they -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 12 changes change VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 13 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 14 chlorotic chlorotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 15 type type NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 17 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 19 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 20 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 21 necrotic necrotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 22 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 23 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1342 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 2 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 3 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 4 early early JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 5 stage stage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 6 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 7 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 8 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 9 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 10 affected affect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 12 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 13 less less JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 14 lateral lateral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 15 branch branch NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 16 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 18 hence hence RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 19 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 21 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 22 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1343 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 2 naturally naturally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 3 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 4 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 5 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 6 showing show VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 7 good good JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 8 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 9 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 10 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 11 difficult difficult JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 12 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 13 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 15 lateral lateral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 16 stage stage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 18 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1344 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1345 1 Because because IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1345 2 they -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1345 3 disappear disappear VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1345 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1345 5 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1345 6 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1346 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1346 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1346 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1346 4 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1346 5 easily easily RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1346 6 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1346 7 transmissible transmissible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1346 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 4 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 6 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 7 transmitted transmit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 9 Thrips Thrips NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 10 palmi palmi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 12 Thrips Thrips NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 13 tobacci tobacci NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 15 persistent persistent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 16 manner manner NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1347 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1348 1 No no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1348 2 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1348 3 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1348 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1348 5 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1348 6 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 1 Virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 2 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 3 same same JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 4 physical physical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 5 properties property NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 6 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 8 shows show VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 10 stem stem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 11 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 13 peanut peanut NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 14 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 15 sunflower sunflower NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 16 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 17 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1349 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 2 physical physical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 3 properties property NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 5 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 7 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 8 thermal thermal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 9 inactivation inactivation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 10 point point NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 12 TIP tip NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 14 55 55 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 15 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 16 60 60 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 17 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 18 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 20 dilution dilution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 21 end end NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 22 point point NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 24 DEP DEP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 26 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 27 -2 -2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 28 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 29 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 30 -3 -3 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1350 32 longevity longevity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1351 1 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1351 2 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 2 LIV LIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 4 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 5 h h NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 8 infecting infect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 9 nineteen nineteen CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 10 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 11 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 12 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 13 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 14 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 15 belonging belong VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 16 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 17 five five CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 18 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 19 types type NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 21 families family NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 22 viz viz JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1352 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1353 1 malvaceae malvaceae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1353 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1353 3 chenopodiaceae chenopodiaceae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1353 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1353 5 compositae compositae NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1353 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1353 7 leguminaceae leguminaceae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1353 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1353 9 solanaceae solanaceae NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1353 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 2 they -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 3 found find VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 5 produce produce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 6 same same JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 7 types type NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 9 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 10 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 12 most most JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 15 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 16 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 17 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 18 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 19 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 20 before before RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1354 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 2 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 3 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 4 report report NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 5 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 6 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 7 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 8 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 11 showing show VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 12 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 13 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 14 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 16 anti anti JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 17 serum serum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 19 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 21 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 22 cowpea cowpea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 24 cotton cotton NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 25 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 26 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 27 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 28 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 29 PBNV PBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 31 cowpea cowpea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 33 cotton cotton NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 34 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 35 clearly clearly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 36 denied deny VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 37 possibility possibility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 38 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 39 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 40 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 41 PBNV PBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 42 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 43 cotton cotton NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 44 producing produce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 45 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 46 kinds kind NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 47 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 48 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 49 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 50 report report VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 51 clearly clearly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 52 shows show VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 53 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 54 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 55 antiserum antiserum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 56 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 57 cowpea cowpea NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 58 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 59 showing show VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 60 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 61 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 62 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 63 clear clear JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 64 chlorotic chlorotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 65 types type NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 66 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 67 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1355 68 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 2 powerful powerful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 3 approach approach NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 4 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 5 functional functional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 6 genomics genomic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 9 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 10 alternative alternative NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 13 massive massive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 14 generation generation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 16 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 17 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 19 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 21 use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 24 recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 25 described describe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 26 Virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 27 Induced Induced NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 28 Gene Gene NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 29 Silencing Silencing NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 31 VIGS VIGS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 33 process process NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 34 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 35 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 36 allows allow VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 37 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 38 vectors vector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 39 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 40 knock knock VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 41 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 42 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 43 function function NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 44 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 45 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 46 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 47 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 48 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 49 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 50 interest interest NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1356 51 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 1 VIGS VIGS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 3 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 4 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 6 silencing silencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 7 mechanism mechanism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 8 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 9 regulates regulate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 10 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 11 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 12 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 14 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 15 degradation degradation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1357 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 1 As as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 2 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 3 tool tool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 4 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 5 reverse reverse JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 6 genetics genetic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 8 VIGS VIGS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 9 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 10 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 11 advantages advantage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 12 over over IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 13 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 14 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 15 ways way NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 16 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 17 study study VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 18 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 19 function function NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 20 because because IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 23 ability ability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 25 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 26 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 27 replicate replicate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 29 move move VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 30 systemically systemically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 31 within within IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 32 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 33 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1358 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 1 VIGS VIGS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 2 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 3 generate generate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 5 phenocopy phenocopy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 8 mutant mutant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 9 without without IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 10 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 12 troubles trouble NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 14 traditional traditional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 15 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 17 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1359 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 1 Geminiviruses Geminiviruses NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 2 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 4 small small JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 5 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 6 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 8 ease ease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 10 inoculation inoculation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 11 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 12 agrobacterium agrobacterium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 14 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 15 excellent excellent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 16 candidates candidate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 17 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 18 VIGS vigs NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 19 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 20 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1360 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 1 As as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 2 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 3 first first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 4 step step NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 7 geminivirus geminivirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 8 Bhendi Bhendi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 9 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 10 vein vein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 11 mosaic mosaic NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 12 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 14 characterized characterize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 16 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 17 lab lab NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 19 Jose Jose NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 21 Usha Usha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 23 Virology Virology NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 24 305 305 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 25 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 27 310 310 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 30 311 311 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 33 312 312 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 36 313 313 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 39 314 314 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 42 315 315 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 45 316 316 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 47 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 48 317 317 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 49 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 50 2003 2003 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 52 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 53 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 54 chosen choose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1361 55 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 2 satellite satellite NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 3 b b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 4 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 5 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 7 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 8 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 9 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 11 single single JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 12 open open JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 13 reading reading NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 14 frame frame NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 16 bC1 bc1 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1362 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1363 1 bC1 bC1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1363 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1363 3 essential essential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1363 4 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1363 5 symptom symptom NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1363 6 development development NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1363 7 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1363 8 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1363 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1363 10 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1363 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 3 bC1 bC1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 4 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 5 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 6 replaced replace VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 7 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 9 multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 10 cloning cloning NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 11 site site NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 12 harbouring harbour VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 13 SalI SalI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 15 XbaI XbaI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 17 BamHI BamHI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 19 BsrGI BsrGI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 21 XhoI XhoI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 23 initially initially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 24 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 25 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 26 cloning cloning NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 27 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 29 then then RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 32 binary binary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 33 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 34 containing contain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 35 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 36 partial partial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 37 tandem tandem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 38 repeat repeat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 39 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 40 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 41 b b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 42 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1364 43 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1365 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1365 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1365 3 place place NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1365 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1365 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1365 6 bC1 bC1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1365 7 ORF ORF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1365 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1365 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1365 10 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 1 Phytoene phytoene JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 2 desaturase desaturase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 3 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 4 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 5 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 6 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 9 resulting result VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 10 construct construct NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 12 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 14 agroinfiltration agroinfiltration NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 15 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 16 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 18 partial partial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 19 tandem tandem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 20 repeat repeat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 21 clone clone NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 24 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 26 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 27 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 28 component component NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 29 Chilli Chilli NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 31 Capsicum Capsicum NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 32 annuum annuum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 33 L. L. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 35 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 36 exhibiting exhibit VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 37 prominent prominent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 38 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 39 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 40 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 41 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 42 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 43 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 44 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 45 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 46 vein vein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 47 swelling swelling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 48 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 49 shortening shortening NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 50 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 51 petioles petiole NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 52 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 53 crowding crowd VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 54 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 55 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 56 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 57 stunting stunting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 58 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 59 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 60 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 61 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 62 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 63 Rorkee Rorkee NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 64 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 65 Uttarakhand Uttarakhand NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 66 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 67 Dhaulpur Dhaulpur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 68 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 69 Rajasthan Rajasthan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 70 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 71 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1366 72 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 1 Total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 2 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 3 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 5 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 7 naturally naturally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 8 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 9 chilli chilli NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 10 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 12 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 14 carried carry VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 15 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 16 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 17 Coat Coat NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 18 Protein Protein NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 20 located locate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 22 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 23 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 24 A a NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 26 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 27 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 28 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1367 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 1 As as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 2 expected expect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 3 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 5 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 7 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 8 800 800 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 9 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 10 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 11 fragments fragment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 13 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 14 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 16 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 17 chilli chilli NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 18 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1368 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1369 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1369 2 know know VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1369 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1369 4 bipartite bipartite JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1369 5 nature nature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1369 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1369 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1369 8 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1369 9 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1369 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 1 Nuclear Nuclear NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 2 Shuttle Shuttle NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 3 Protein Protein NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 5 located locate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 7 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 8 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 9 B b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 11 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 12 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 13 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 15 employed employ VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 16 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 17 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 18 resulted result VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 20 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 21 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 23 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 24 850 850 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 25 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 26 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 27 bands band NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 28 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 29 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 31 Coat Coat NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 32 Protein Protein NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 33 tested test VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 34 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 35 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1370 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 2 ascertain ascertain VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 4 association association NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 6 DNAb DNAb NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 7 component component NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 11 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 13 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 14 set set NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 16 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 17 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 18 b b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 19 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 20 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 21 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 22 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 23 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 24 resulted result VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 26 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 27 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 29 full full JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1371 30 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 2 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 3 1.3 1.3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 4 kb kb NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 6 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 7 bands band NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 10 chilli chilli NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 11 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 12 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 13 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 14 Rorkee Rorkee NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 16 Uttarakhand Uttarakhand NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 18 however however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 20 multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 21 sizes size NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 22 bands band NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 23 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 24 resulted result VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 25 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 27 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 28 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 29 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 30 Dhaulpur Dhaulpur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 31 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 32 Rajasthan Rajasthan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1372 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 2 findings finding NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 3 confirmed confirm VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 5 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 7 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 8 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 9 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 10 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 11 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 12 bipartite bipartite JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 13 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 14 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 16 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 17 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 18 b b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 19 satellite satellite NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1373 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 2 sequencing sequencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 5 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 6 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 8 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 9 progress progress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 10 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 11 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 12 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 13 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 14 discussed discuss VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1374 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1375 1 Groundnut Groundnut NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1375 2 bud bud NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1375 3 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1375 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1375 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1375 6 GBNV GBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1375 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 1 belonging belong VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 2 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 4 genus genus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 5 Tospovirus Tospovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 7 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 8 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 9 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 10 unique unique JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 11 member member NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 14 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 15 Bunyaviridae Bunyaviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 17 infects infect VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 18 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 19 economically economically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 20 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 21 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1376 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 3 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 4 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 5 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 6 ssRNA ssrna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 7 segments segment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 8 namely namely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 9 S S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 11 ambisense ambisense NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 14 M M NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 16 ambisense ambisense NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 19 L L NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 21 negative negative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 22 sense sense NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1377 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 2 S S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 4 codes code NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 6 Nucleoprotein Nucleoprotein NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 8 NP NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 11 Non Non NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 12 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 13 Structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 14 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 16 NSs NSs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 19 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 20 complimentary complimentary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 22 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 23 strands strand NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 24 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1378 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 1 Many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 2 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 3 nonstructural nonstructural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 4 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 5 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 6 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 7 NS3 ns3 RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 9 Hepatitis Hepatitis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 10 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 13 Yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 14 fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 15 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 17 Dengue dengue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 18 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 20 SV40 SV40 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 21 large large JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 22 T t NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 23 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 25 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 26 inclusion inclusion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 27 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 28 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 29 Tamarillo Tamarillo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 30 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 31 potyvirus potyviru NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 32 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 33 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 34 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 35 exhibit exhibit VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 36 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 37 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 38 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 39 stimulated stimulate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 40 NTPase NTPase NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 41 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 42 dNTPase dNTPase NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 43 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 44 helicase helicase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 45 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1379 46 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 1 NSs NSs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 3 GBNV GBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 4 does do VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 5 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 6 have have VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 7 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 8 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 9 similarity similarity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 11 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 14 above above RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 15 mentioned mention VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 16 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 18 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 19 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 20 helicases helicase NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 21 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 22 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 23 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 24 NTP NTP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 25 binding binding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 26 domain domain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1380 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 4 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 5 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 6 implicated implicate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 8 suppressor suppressor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 10 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 11 silencing silencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 13 vivo vivo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1381 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 1 With with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 2 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 3 view view NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 5 elucidate elucidate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 7 mechanism mechanism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 9 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 10 NSs NSs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 11 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 12 act act VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 13 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 15 suppressor suppressor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 17 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 18 silencing silencing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 20 examine examine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 22 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 23 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 24 roles role NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 26 NSs ns NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 27 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 29 life life NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 30 cycle cycle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 33 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1382 34 , , . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 1 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 2 GBNV GBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 4 To to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 6 NSs NSs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 8 over over RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 10 expressed express VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 12 E. E. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 13 coli coli NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 15 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 16 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 17 Ni Ni NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 18 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 19 NTA NTA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 20 chromatography chromatography NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1383 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 2 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 3 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 6 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 7 rNSs rnss XX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 8 suggest suggest VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 9 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 11 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 12 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 14 stimulated stimulate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 15 NTPase NTPase NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 16 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1384 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 1 Many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 4 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 5 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 6 possess possess VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 8 RNA/ rna/ JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 9 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 10 stimulated stimulate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 11 NTPase NTPase NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 13 dATPase dATPase NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 14 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 16 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 17 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 18 shown show VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 19 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 20 have have VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 21 ATP ATP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 22 dependent dependent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 23 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 24 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 25 unwinding unwind VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 26 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1385 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 3 therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 5 interest interest NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 7 examine examine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 8 whether whether IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 9 NSs NSs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 10 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 12 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 13 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 14 unwinding unwind VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 15 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1386 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1387 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1387 2 helicase helicase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1387 3 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1387 4 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1387 5 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1387 6 NSs NSs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1387 7 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1387 8 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1387 9 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1387 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1387 11 helicase helicase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1387 12 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1387 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1388 1 Helicase helicase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1388 2 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1388 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1388 4 NSs NSs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1388 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1388 6 absolutely absolutely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1388 7 dependent dependent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1388 8 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1388 9 ATP ATP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1388 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1388 11 Mg Mg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1388 12 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1388 13 ? ? . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1389 1 ion ion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1389 2 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 1 NSs NSs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 2 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 3 unwind unwind VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 4 dsDNA dsdna RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 5 substrate substrate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 7 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 8 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 9 overhang overhang NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 11 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 12 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 13 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 14 overhang overhang NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1390 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 1 Mutation mutation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 4 crucial crucial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 5 lysine lysine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 7 Walker Walker NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 8 motif motif NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 9 A a NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 11 K189 k189 VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 13 severely severely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 14 affected affect VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 16 unwinding unwind VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 17 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 18 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 19 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 20 mutation mutation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 22 aspartate aspartate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 23 residue residue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 24 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 25 Walker Walker NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 26 motif motif NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 27 B b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 29 D159 D159 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 31 resulted result VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 32 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 33 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 34 20 20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 35 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 36 loss loss NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 37 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 38 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1391 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 3 regard regard NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 5 rNSs rNSs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 6 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 8 unique unique JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 9 enzyme enzyme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 10 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 11 does do VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 12 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 13 have have VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 15 canonical canonical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 16 helicase helicase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 17 motifs motif NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 18 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 19 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 20 catalyze catalyze VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 21 dsDNA dsdna RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 22 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 23 dsRNA dsrna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 24 unwinding unwind VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 26 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 27 ATP ATP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 29 Mg Mg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 30 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1392 31 ? ? . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1393 1 dependent dependent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1393 2 manner manner NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1393 3 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 2 rNSs rNSs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 3 might may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 4 act act VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 5 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 6 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 7 suppressor suppressor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 10 unwinding unwind VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 12 dsRNA dsrna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 15 substrate substrate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 16 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 17 DICER DICER NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1394 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 2 addition addition NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 3 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 4 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 5 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 6 suppressor suppressor NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 8 PTGS PTGS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 10 NSs NSs NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 11 may may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 12 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 13 regulate regulate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 15 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 16 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 18 transcription transcription NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 19 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 20 modulating modulate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 22 secondary secondary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 23 structure structure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 26 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 27 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1395 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 2 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 3 research research NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 4 finding find VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 5 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 6 NSs ns NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 7 might may MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 8 pave pave VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 9 way way NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 11 further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 12 studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 13 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 15 role role NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 17 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 18 replication replication NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 20 transcription transcription NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1396 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 1 Yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 2 vein vein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 3 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 4 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 6 pumpkin pumpkin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 8 Cucurbita Cucurbita NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 9 moschata moschata NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 11 poses pose VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 12 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 13 serious serious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 14 threat threat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 15 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 17 cultivation cultivation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 19 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 20 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 22 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1397 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 4 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 6 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 7 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 9 whitefly whitefly NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 11 transmitted transmit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 12 bipartite bipartite JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 13 begomoviruses begomoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 15 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 17 Varanasi Varanasi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 18 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 19 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 20 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 21 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 22 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 24 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 26 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 27 primer primer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 28 design design NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 29 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 30 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 31 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 32 conserved conserve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 33 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 34 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 35 begomoviruses begomoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 36 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 37 NCBI NCBI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 38 database database NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1398 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1399 1 All all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1399 2 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1399 3 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1399 4 showing show VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1399 5 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1399 6 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1399 7 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1399 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1399 9 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1399 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 3 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 5 provisionally provisionally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 6 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 7 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 8 sequencing sequence VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 9 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 10 750 750 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 11 bp bp NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 14 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 15 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 16 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1400 17 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 2 AV1 AV1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 3 Ageratum Ageratum NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 4 conyzoides conyzoide VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 6 commonly commonly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 7 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 8 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 9 Billygoat Billygoat NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 11 weed weed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 13 Chick Chick NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 14 weed weed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 16 Goatweed Goatweed NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 18 Whiteweed Whiteweed NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1401 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1402 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1402 2 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1402 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1402 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1402 5 popularly popularly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1402 6 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1402 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1402 8 bill bill NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1402 9 goat goat NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1402 10 weed weed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1402 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 3 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 4 annual annual JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 5 herbaceous herbaceous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 6 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 9 long long JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 10 history history NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 12 traditional traditional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 13 medicinal medicinal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 14 uses use NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 15 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 16 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 17 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 20 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 22 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 23 reputed repute VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 24 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 25 possess possess VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 26 varied varied JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 27 medicinal medicinal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 28 properties property NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 29 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 31 treatment treatment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 33 wounds wound NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 34 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 35 burns burn NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1403 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 2 Cameroon Cameroon NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 4 Congo Congo NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 8 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 9 traditionally traditionally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 11 treat treat VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 12 fever fever NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 14 rheumatism rheumatism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 16 headache headache NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 19 colic colic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1404 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 1 During during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 2 survey survey NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 5 around around IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 6 Gorakhpur Gorakhpur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 8 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 10 Ageratum Ageratum NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 11 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 13 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 14 affected affect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 17 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 19 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 20 curling curling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 22 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 23 mottling mottling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 25 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 26 yellows yellow NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1405 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 2 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 3 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 4 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 6 processed process VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 7 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 8 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 9 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 11 association association NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 12 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 13 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 14 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1406 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 1 Total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 4 extracted extract VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 6 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 8 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 10 Begomovirus Begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 11 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 12 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 14 TLCV tlcv NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 16 CP cp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1407 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1408 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1408 2 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1408 3 800 800 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1408 4 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1408 5 band band NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1408 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1408 7 consistently consistently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1408 8 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1408 9 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1408 10 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1408 11 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1408 12 agarose agarose JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1408 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 2 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 3 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 5 directly directly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 6 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 8 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 9 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 10 submitted submit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 12 GenBank GenBank NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 15 accession accession NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 16 no no UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1409 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1410 1 GQ412352 GQ412352 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1410 2 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 2 blast blast NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 3 search search NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 4 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 5 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 6 highest high JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 7 similarity similarity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 9 98 98 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 10 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 11 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 13 Ageratum Ageratum NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 14 enation enation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 15 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1411 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 1 Vernonia Vernonia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 2 cinerea cinerea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 3 leaves leave VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 5 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 6 vein vein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 7 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 8 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 9 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 10 around around IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 11 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 12 fields field NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 14 Madurai Madurai NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1412 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 2 550 550 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 3 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 4 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 5 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 7 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 8 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 9 extracted extract VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 10 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 11 symptomatic symptomatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 12 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 14 degenerate degenerate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 15 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 16 designed design VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 17 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 18 amplify amplify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 19 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 20 part part NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 23 AV1 AV1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 24 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 25 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 26 begomoviral begomoviral NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 27 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 28 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 29 component component NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 30 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 31 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 33 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1413 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 1 Based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 2 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 4 above above JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 5 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 7 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 8 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 10 designed design VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 13 full full JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1414 14 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 2 A a NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 4 2745 2745 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 5 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 7 typical typical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 8 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 9 organization organization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 11 begomoviral begomoviral NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 12 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 13 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 14 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 15 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 17 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 18 submitted submit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 19 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 20 EMBL EMBL NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 21 data datum NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1415 22 base base NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1416 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1416 2 Acc Acc NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1416 3 No no NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1416 4 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1416 5 AM182232 am182232 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1416 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1416 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 2 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 3 comparison comparison NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 5 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 6 begomoviruses begomoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 7 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 9 closest close JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 10 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 12 83 83 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 13 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 16 Emilia Emilia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 17 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 18 vein vein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 19 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 20 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 21 China China NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 23 less less JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 24 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 25 80 80 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 26 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 27 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 28 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 29 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 30 begomoviruses begomoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1417 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 2 International International NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 3 Committee Committee NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 4 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 5 Taxonomy Taxonomy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 7 Viruses Viruses NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 9 ICTV ICTV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 11 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 12 therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 13 recognized recognize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 14 Vernonia Vernonia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 15 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 16 vein vein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 17 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 19 VYVV VYVV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 21 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 22 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 23 distinct distinct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 24 begomovirus begomovirus JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 25 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1418 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 1 Conventional conventional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 2 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 3 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 4 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 5 amplify amplify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 7 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 8 B B NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 9 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 10 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 11 b b NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 12 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 14 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 15 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1419 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 4 b b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 5 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 7 1364 1364 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 8 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 10 associated associate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 11 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 13 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 14 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 15 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 17 Acc Acc NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 18 No no NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 19 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 20 FN435836 fn435836 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 22 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 24 Rolling Rolling NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 25 circle circle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1420 26 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 1 -Restriction -Restriction NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 2 fragment fragment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 3 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 4 polymorphism polymorphism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 5 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 7 RCA RCA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 8 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 9 RFLP RFLP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 11 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 12 Phi29 Phi29 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 13 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 14 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1421 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 1 Sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 3 shows show VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 5 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 6 b b NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 8 VYVV VYVV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 9 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 11 highest high JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 12 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 14 81 81 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 15 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 18 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 19 b b NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 21 Ageratum Ageratum NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 22 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 23 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 24 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 26 58 58 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 27 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 28 77 77 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 29 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 30 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 32 b b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 33 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 34 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 35 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 36 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 37 begomoviruses begomoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1422 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 1 Infectious infectious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 2 clones clone NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 4 VYVV VYVV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 5 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 6 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 8 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 9 b b NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 10 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 11 dimers dimer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 13 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 14 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 16 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 18 RCA RCA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 19 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 20 RFLP RFLP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1423 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 2 infectious infectious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 3 clones clone NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 4 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 5 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 6 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 7 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 8 agroinfection agroinfection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 10 Vernonia Vernonia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 13 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 14 will will MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 15 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 16 discussed discuss VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1424 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 4 first first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 5 report report NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 8 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 9 characterization characterization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 11 Vernonia Vernonia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 12 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 13 vein vein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 16 VYVV VYVV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 19 Vernonia Vernonia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 20 cinerea cinerea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 22 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1425 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 1 Production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 3 bulb bulb NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 5 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 6 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 8 onion onion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 10 Allium Allium NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 11 cepa cepa NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 12 L. L. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 14 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 15 hampered hamper VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 16 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 17 onion onion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 18 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 19 dwarf dwarf NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 20 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 22 OYDV OYDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 25 iris iris NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 26 yellow yellow NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 27 spot spot NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 28 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 30 IYSV IYSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 32 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 33 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 34 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 35 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 36 83.22 83.22 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 37 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 38 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 39 89.97 89.97 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 40 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 41 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 42 bulb bulb NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 43 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 44 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 45 90.65 90.65 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 46 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 47 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 48 89.58 89.58 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 49 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 50 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 51 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 52 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 53 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 54 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 55 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 56 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 57 popularly popularly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 58 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 59 cv cv NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1426 60 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1427 1 Hisar-2 Hisar-2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1427 2 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 1 Four four CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 2 symptom symptom NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 4 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 5 variants variant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 7 OYDV OYDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 8 designated designate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 10 Grade Grade NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 11 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 13 B b NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 15 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 17 D D NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 18 produced produce VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 19 varied varied JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 20 types type NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 22 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 24 onion onion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 25 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 26 incurring incur VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 27 heavy heavy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 28 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 29 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 30 bulb bulb NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 32 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 33 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1428 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 1 IYSV IYSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 2 caused cause VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 3 tiny tiny JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 4 hay hay JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 5 coloured coloured JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 6 spots spot NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 8 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 9 shapes shape NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 11 sizes size NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 12 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 13 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 15 scapes scape NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 16 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 17 later later RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 18 coalesced coalesce VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 20 led lead VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 21 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 22 drying drying NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 24 lodging lodging NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 26 scapes scape NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1429 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 2 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 3 height height NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 5 bulb bulb NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 6 weight weight NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 8 bulb bulb NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 9 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 11 37.7 37.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 12 cm cm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 14 75.5 75.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 15 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 17 24.2 24.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 18 cm cm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 19 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 20 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 21 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 22 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 23 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 24 OYDV OYDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 26 39.6 39.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 27 cm cm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 29 79.7 79.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 30 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 32 25.5 25.5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 33 cm cm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 34 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 35 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 36 IYSV IYSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 37 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 38 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 39 35.1 35.1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 40 cm cm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 41 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 42 68.4 68.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 43 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 44 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 45 22.1 22.1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 46 cm cm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 47 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 48 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 49 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 50 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 51 combined combine VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 52 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 53 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 54 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 55 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 56 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 57 40.6 40.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 58 cm cm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 59 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 60 88.4 88.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 61 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 62 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 63 27.6 27.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 64 cm cm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 65 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 66 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 67 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 68 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 69 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 70 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 71 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 72 bulb bulb NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 73 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1430 74 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 2 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 3 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 5 OYDV OYDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 6 Grade Grade NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 7 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 9 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 10 height height NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 12 minimum minimum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 14 90.33 90.33 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 15 cm cm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 17 whereas whereas IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 19 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 21 umbels umbel NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 22 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 23 maximum maximum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1431 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1432 1 9.20 9.20 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1432 2 umbels umbel NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1432 3 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1432 4 pl pl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1432 5 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1432 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1433 1 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1433 2 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1433 3 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1433 4 parameters parameter NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1433 5 viz viz NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1433 6 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 1 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 2 weight weight NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 3 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 4 umbel umbel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 6 2.32 2.32 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 7 g g NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 10 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 12 seeds seed NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 13 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 14 umbel umbel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 16 209 209 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 19 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 20 weight weight NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 21 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 22 umbel umbel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 24 0.64 0.64 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 25 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 28 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 29 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 30 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 31 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 33 5.88 5.88 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 34 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 36 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 37 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 38 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 39 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 40 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 41 lowest low JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1434 42 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 2 minimum minimum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 3 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 5 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 6 height height NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 8 100.26 100.26 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 9 cm cm NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 12 weight weight NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 13 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 14 umbel umbel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 16 6.72 6.72 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 17 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 20 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 22 seeds seed NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 23 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 24 umbel umbel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 26 633 633 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 29 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 30 weight weight NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 31 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 32 umbel umbel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 34 2.36 2.36 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 35 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 37 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 38 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 39 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 40 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 41 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 43 11.90 11.90 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 44 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 46 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 47 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 48 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 49 OYDV OYDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 50 Grade Grade NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1435 51 D. D. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 2 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 3 height height NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 5 98.84 98.84 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 6 cm cm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 8 5.10 5.10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 9 umbels umbel NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 10 per per IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 11 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 13 4.24 4.24 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 14 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 15 weight weight NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 16 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 17 umbel umbel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 19 428 428 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 20 seeds seed NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 21 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 22 umbel umbel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 24 1.25 1.25 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 25 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 26 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 27 weight weight NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 28 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 29 umbel umbel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 31 6.37 6.37 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 32 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 33 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 34 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 35 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 36 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 37 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 38 IYSV IYSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 39 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 40 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1436 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 2 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 3 height height NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 5 96.26 96.26 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 6 cm cm NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 9 umbels umbel NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 10 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 11 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 13 5.97 5.97 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 16 weight weight NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 17 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 18 umbel umbel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 20 4.60 4.60 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 21 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 24 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 26 seeds seed NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 27 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 28 umbel umbel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 30 432 432 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 33 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 34 weight weight NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 35 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 36 umbel umbel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 38 1.42 1.42 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 39 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 41 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 42 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 43 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 44 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 45 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 46 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 47 7.82 7.82 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 48 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 50 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 51 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 52 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 53 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 54 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 55 lowest low JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 56 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 57 combined combine VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 58 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 59 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 60 OYDV OYDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 61 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 62 IYSV IYSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 63 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 64 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 65 comparison comparison NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 66 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 67 higher high JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 68 values value NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 69 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 70 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 71 controls control NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 72 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 73 104.50 104.50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 74 cm cm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 75 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 76 4.90 4.90 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 77 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 78 7.84 7.84 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 79 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 80 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 81 677 677 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 82 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 83 2.60 2.60 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 84 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 85 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 86 12.74 12.74 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 87 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 88 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 89 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 90 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1437 91 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 2 minimum minimum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 3 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 6 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 7 weight weight NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 9 germination germination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 11 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 12 vigour vigour NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 13 index index NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 15 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 17 3.06 3.06 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 18 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 20 75.68 75.68 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 21 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 23 926 926 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 25 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 26 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 27 OYDV OYDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 28 grade grade NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 29 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 30 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 31 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 32 whereas whereas IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 33 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 34 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 35 2.92 2.92 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 36 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 37 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 38 70.42 70.42 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 39 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 40 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 41 788 788 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 42 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 43 IYSV IYSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 44 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 45 infected infect VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 46 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 47 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 48 2.62 2.62 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 49 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 50 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 51 70.4 70.4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 52 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 53 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 54 776 776 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 55 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 56 combined combine VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 57 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 58 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 59 OYDV OYDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 60 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 61 IYSV IYSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 62 diseases disease NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 63 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 64 comparison comparison NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 65 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 66 3.84 3.84 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 67 g g NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 68 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 69 88.67 88.67 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 70 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 71 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 72 1276 1276 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 73 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 74 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 75 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1438 76 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 2 maximum maximum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 3 hampering hampering NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 5 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 6 vigour vigour NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 7 parameters parameter NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 9 recorded record VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 10 due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 12 IYSV IYSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 13 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1439 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 1 Lodging lodging NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 3 scapes scape NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 4 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 6 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 7 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 9 responsible responsible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 10 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 11 heavy heavy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 12 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 14 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 15 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 17 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 18 quality quality NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1440 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 1 Cotton cotton NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 2 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 3 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 4 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 6 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 9 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 10 threats threat NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 12 cotton cotton VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 13 cultivation cultivation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 14 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 15 Northern Northern NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 16 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1441 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 1 Survey survey NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 2 conducted conduct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 3 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 4 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 6 observed observe VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 8 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 9 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 10 ranged range VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 11 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 12 70 70 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 13 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 14 90 90 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 15 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 16 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 17 Bhatinda Bhatinda NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 19 Abohar Abohar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 21 Fazilka Fazilka NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 23 Sri Sri NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 24 ganganagar ganganagar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 26 Hanumanghar Hanumanghar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1442 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 2 order order NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 3 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 4 study study VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 5 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 6 variability variability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 9 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 11 twelve twelve CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 12 CLCuV CLCuV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 13 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 15 partially partially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 16 characterized characterize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 18 700 700 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 19 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 20 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 21 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 23 full full JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 24 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 25 AV2 AV2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 26 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 28 partial partial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 29 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 31 AC1 AC1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 33 AV1 AV1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 34 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1443 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1444 1 Full full JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1444 2 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1444 3 characterization characterization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1444 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1444 5 representative representative NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1444 6 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1444 7 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1444 8 Bhatinda Bhatinda NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1444 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1444 10 Abohar Abohar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1444 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1444 12 Fazilka Fazilka NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1444 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1445 1 Sri Sri NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1445 2 ganganagar ganganagar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1446 1 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1446 2 Hanumanghar Hanumanghar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1446 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1446 4 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1446 5 progress progress NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1446 6 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 1 Partial partial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 2 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 3 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 5 CLCuV CLCuV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 6 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 7 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 8 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 12 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 13 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 14 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 15 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 16 cropping crop VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 17 season season NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 18 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 19 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 20 related relate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 21 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 22 Cotton cotton NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 23 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 24 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 25 Burewala Burewala NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 26 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 27 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 28 Pakistan Pakistan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 30 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 31 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 32 discussed discuss VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1447 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 1 Pratibha Pratibha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 2 Singh Singh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 4 H. H. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 5 S. S. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 6 Savithri Savithri NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 7 Department Department NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 9 Biochemistry Biochemistry NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 11 Indian Indian NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 12 Institute Institute NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 14 Science Science NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 16 Bangalore Bangalore NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 17 Tospoviruses Tospoviruses NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 19 belonging belong VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 20 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 22 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 23 Bunyavirideae Bunyavirideae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 25 infect infect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 26 economically economically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 27 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 28 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 29 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 30 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 31 groundnut groundnut NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 33 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 34 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 35 watermelon watermelon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 36 etc etc FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1448 37 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 2 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 3 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 4 tripartite tripartite JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 5 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 8 L L NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 10 M M NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 12 S S NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 13 segments segment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 18 pseudo pseudo JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 19 circular circular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 21 panhandle panhandle NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 23 form form NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1449 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 2 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 3 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 4 encode encode VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 5 four four CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 6 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 7 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 9 L L NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 11 N N NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 13 G1 G1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 15 G2 G2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 19 antisense antisense NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 20 orientation orientation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 23 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 24 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 25 structural structural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 26 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 27 NSs ns NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 29 NSm NSm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 31 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 32 sense sense NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 33 orientation orientation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1450 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 2 NSm NSm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 5 only only JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 6 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 7 unique unique JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 9 Tospoviruseses Tospoviruseses NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 10 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 11 infect infect VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 12 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 15 bunyaviridae bunyaviridae NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 16 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 18 hence hence RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 19 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 20 proposed propose VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 21 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 22 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 23 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 24 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 25 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 26 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 27 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 28 movement movement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1451 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 1 Ground ground NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 2 nut nut NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 3 bud bud NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 4 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 5 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 7 GBNV GBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 11 member member NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 14 tospovirus tospovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 15 genus genus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 17 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 19 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 20 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 21 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 22 infecting infect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 23 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 24 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 26 Leguminosae Leguminosae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 28 Solanaceae Solanaceae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 29 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 30 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 31 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1452 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 1 Total Total NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 4 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 6 GBNV GBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 7 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 8 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 9 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 11 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 13 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 14 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 15 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 16 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 17 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 18 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 19 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 20 amplify amplify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 22 NSm NSm NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 23 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1453 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1454 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1454 2 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1454 3 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1454 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1454 5 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1454 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1454 7 pGEX5X2 pgex5x2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1454 8 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1454 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1455 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1455 2 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1455 3 NSm NSm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1455 4 clone clone NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1455 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1455 6 transformed transform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1455 7 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1455 8 Bl21 Bl21 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 2 DE3 DE3 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 4 E. E. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 5 coli coli NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 6 cells cell NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 8 over over RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 10 expressed express VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 12 induction induction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 14 0.3 0.3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 15 mM mm CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 16 IPTG IPTG NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1456 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 1 SDS SDS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 3 PAGE PAGE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 4 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 6 induced induce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 8 uninduced uninduced JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 9 fraction fraction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 10 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 12 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 14 overexpressed overexpresse VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 15 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 17 expected expect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 18 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1457 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1458 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1458 2 soluble soluble JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1458 3 GST GST NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1458 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1458 5 NSm NSm NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1458 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1458 7 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1458 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1458 9 GSH GSH NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1458 10 Sepharose Sepharose NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1458 11 affinity affinity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1458 12 chromatography chromatography NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1458 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 1 Purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 2 GST GST NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 4 NSm NSm NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 6 shown show VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 8 interact interact VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 11 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 12 transcribed transcribe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 14 transcript transcript NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 15 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 16 electrophoretic electrophoretic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 17 mobility mobility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 18 shift shift NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 19 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1459 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 1 Further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 2 NSm NSm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 4 shown show VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 6 interact interact VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 8 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 9 encoded encode VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 10 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 11 NP NP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 13 NSs ns NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 14 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 15 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 17 yeast yeast NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 18 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 19 hybrid hybrid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 20 system system NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1460 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 1 NSm NSm NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 3 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 4 shown show VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 6 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 7 phosphorylated phosphorylate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 9 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 11 pellet pellet NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 12 fraction fraction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 14 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 15 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1461 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1462 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1462 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1462 3 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1462 4 GBNV GBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 1 Nsm Nsm NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 2 possesses possess VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 4 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 5 features feature NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 8 movement movement NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 9 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 10 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 11 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 12 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 13 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 14 binding binding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 16 interaction interaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 18 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 19 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 22 ability ability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 23 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 24 undergo undergo VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 25 posttranslational posttranslational JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 26 modification modification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1463 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 1 Solanum Solanum NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 2 melongena melongena NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 4 commonly commonly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 5 called call VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 6 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 7 Egg Egg NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 8 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 10 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 13 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 14 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 15 vegetable vegetable NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 16 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 19 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1464 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1465 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1465 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1465 3 cultivated cultivate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1465 4 widely widely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1465 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1465 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1465 7 tropical tropical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1465 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1465 9 sub sub JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1465 10 tropical tropical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1465 11 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1465 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 1 Several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 2 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 3 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 4 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 5 Cucumber Cucumber NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 6 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 7 cucumo cucumo NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 8 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 10 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 13 Potato Potato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 15 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 16 Y Y NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 18 PVY PVY NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 21 Potato Potato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 22 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 23 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 24 X x NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 26 PVX PVX NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 29 Tobacco Tobacco NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 30 ring ring NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 31 spot spot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 32 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 34 TRSV trsv NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1466 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1467 1 infect infect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1467 2 egg egg NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1467 3 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1467 4 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1467 5 natural natural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1467 6 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1467 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 2 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 3 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 4 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 5 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 6 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 7 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 8 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 9 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 11 brinjal brinjal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 12 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 13 57 57 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 14 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 16 FAO FAO NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 17 STAT-2008 STAT-2008 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1468 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 3 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 4 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 6 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 7 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 8 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 10 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 11 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 12 local local JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 13 fields field NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 15 Ramapuram Ramapuram NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 17 Chandamama Chandamama NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 18 palli palli NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 20 Chandragiri Chandragiri NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 22 Madanapalli Madanapalli NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 24 Yadhamari Yadhamari NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 26 Durgasamudram Durgasamudram NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 27 villages village NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 28 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 30 around around IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 31 Tirupati Tirupati NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 33 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 34 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 35 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 36 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 37 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 38 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 39 DAC DAC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 40 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 41 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 42 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 43 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 44 antisera antisera NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1469 45 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 2 resulting result VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 3 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 4 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 6 further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 7 inoculated inoculate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 10 raised raise VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 11 brinjal brinjal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 12 seedlings seedling NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 14 selected select VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 15 varieties variety NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 16 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 17 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 18 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 19 inoculation inoculation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1470 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 1 Different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 2 varieties variety NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 4 brinjal brinjal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 5 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 6 Mullabadhine Mullabadhine NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 8 Ankhur Ankhur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 10 Ravya Ravya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 12 Mattigulla Mattigulla NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 14 Casper Casper NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 16 Easter Easter NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 17 egg egg NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 18 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 19 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 20 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 21 monitoring monitor VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 23 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 24 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 25 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 26 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1471 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 2 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 3 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 5 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 6 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 7 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 8 weeks week NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 10 inoculation inoculation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 12 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 13 varities varitie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 15 brinjal brinjal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 16 except except IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 17 Mullabadhina Mullabadhina NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1472 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 1 Among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 2 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 3 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 4 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 5 varities varitie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 6 Ankhur Ankhur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 7 variety variety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 8 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 9 selected select VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 11 study study VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 12 induced induce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 13 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 14 changes change NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 15 such such JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 16 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 17 Chlorophylls Chlorophylls NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 19 Carbohydrates Carbohydrates NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 21 Proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 23 Nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 24 acids acid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 26 Polyphenol Polyphenol NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 27 oxidases oxidase NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 28 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 29 CMV CMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 30 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 31 brinjal brinjal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 32 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1473 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 3 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 4 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 5 considerable considerable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 6 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 8 chlorophyll chlorophyll NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 10 starch starch NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 12 increase increase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 14 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 15 Proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 17 Sugars Sugars NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 21 Polyphenol Polyphenol NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 22 oxidases oxidase NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 23 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 24 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 25 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 26 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 27 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 28 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 29 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1474 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 2 amount amount NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 4 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 5 Starch starch NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 7 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 9 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 10 decreased decrease VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 12 about about RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 13 25 25 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 15 136 136 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 17 645 645 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 18 lg lg NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 19 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 20 g g NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 21 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 22 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 23 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 24 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 26 where where WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 27 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 28 sugars sugar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 30 75 75 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 31 lg lg NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 32 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 33 g g NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 35 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 36 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 37 content content NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 39 754 754 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 40 lg lg NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 41 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 42 g g NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 44 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 45 Polyphenol Polyphenol NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 46 oxidase oxidase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 47 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 48 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 49 increased increase VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 50 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 51 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 52 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 53 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 54 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1475 55 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 2 above above JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 3 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 4 suggests suggest VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 5 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 6 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 8 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 9 altered altered JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 10 concentrations concentration NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 12 chlorophyll chlorophyll NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 14 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 16 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 17 acids acid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 19 carbohydrates carbohydrate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 21 Polyphenol Polyphenol NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 22 oxidase oxidase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 23 activity activity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 24 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 26 brinjal brinjal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 27 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 28 due due JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 29 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 31 effect effect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 33 Cucumber Cucumber NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 34 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 35 cucumo cucumo NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 36 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 37 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1476 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 1 Leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 4 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 6 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 7 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 8 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 9 widely widely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 10 accepted accept VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 11 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 12 tool tool NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 13 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 14 assess assess VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 16 nutritional nutritional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 17 status status NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 20 vegetables vegetable NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1477 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1478 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1478 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1478 3 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1478 4 deals deal NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1478 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1478 6 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1478 7 aspects aspect NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1478 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1478 9 detail detail NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1478 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1479 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1479 2 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1479 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1479 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1479 5 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1479 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1479 7 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1479 8 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1479 9 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1479 10 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1479 11 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1479 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 1 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 3 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 4 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 6 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 7 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 8 Sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 9 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 10 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 13 SCYLV SCYLV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 15 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 16 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 18 SCYLV-615F scylv-615f NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 20 SCYLV-615R SCYLV-615R NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1480 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 2 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 4 SCYLV SCYLV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 6 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 8 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 10 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 11 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 13 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 14 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 16 expected expect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 17 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 19 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 20 610 610 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 21 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 23 amplicon amplicon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 24 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 25 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 26 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 27 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1481 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 2 another another DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 3 experiment experiment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 4 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 5 nested nest VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 6 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 7 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 9 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 10 phytoplasma phytoplasma NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 11 characteristic characteristic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 12 1.2 1.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 13 kb kb NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 14 rDNA rDNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 15 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 16 product product NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 18 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 19 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 20 DNAs dna NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 22 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 23 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 24 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 25 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 26 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 27 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 28 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 29 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 30 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 31 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 32 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 33 phytoplasma phytoplasma NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 34 universal universal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 35 primer primer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 36 pairs pair NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 37 P1 P1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 38 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 39 P7 p7 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 40 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 41 fU3 fU3 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 42 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 43 rU5 rU5 VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1482 44 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 1 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 2 extracts extract NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 3 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 4 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 6 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 7 mid mid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 8 rib rib NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 10 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 11 yellows yellow NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 12 produced produce VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 13 products product NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 15 1250 1250 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 16 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 18 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 19 gave give VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 20 typical typical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 21 phytoplasma phytoplasma NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 22 profiles profile NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 23 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 24 digested digest VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 25 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 26 Hae Hae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 27 III III NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 29 Hha Hha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 30 I. I. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 31 No no NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 32 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 33 amplifications amplification NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 34 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 35 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 36 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 37 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 38 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 39 symptomless symptomless JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 40 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1483 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 2 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 3 suggest suggest VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 6 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 7 mid mid JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 8 rib rib NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 10 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 11 yellows yellow NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 12 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 13 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 14 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 15 varieties variety NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 17 Uttar Uttar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 18 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 20 Uttarakhand Uttarakhand NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 21 states state NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 23 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 24 exhibiting exhibit VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 25 midrib midrib JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 26 yellowing yellowing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 28 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 29 yellows yellow NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 30 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 31 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 32 mainly mainly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 33 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 34 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 35 mixed mixed JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 36 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 37 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 38 SCYLV SCYLV NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 39 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 40 SCYLP SCYLP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1484 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 2 affected affected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 3 clumps clump NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 4 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 5 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 7 stalk stalk NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 8 height height NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 10 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 12 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 13 fields field NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1485 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 1 Thirty thirty CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 3 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 4 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 5 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 6 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 7 belonged belong VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 9 Sugarcane Sugarcane NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 10 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 13 SCMV SCMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 16 Sugarcane Sugarcane NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 17 streak streak NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 18 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1486 19 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 2 SCSMV SCSMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 4 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 6 China China NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 8 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 11 confirmed confirm VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 13 indirect indirect JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 14 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 16 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 17 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 18 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 19 amplification amplification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 20 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 21 SCMV SCMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 23 SCSMV SCSMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 25 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 26 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1487 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 2 amplicons amplicon NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 4 0.8 0.8 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 5 kb kb NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 7 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 9 coding code VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 10 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 12 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 13 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 15 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 18 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 20 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 22 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 23 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 24 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 25 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 26 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 27 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 28 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 29 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 31 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 33 15 15 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 34 SCMV SCMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 35 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 36 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 37 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 39 Australia Australia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 40 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 41 USA USA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 42 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 43 China China NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 44 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 45 Brazil Brazil NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 46 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 47 Mexico Mexico NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 48 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 49 South South NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 50 Africa Africa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 52 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 53 maize maize NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 54 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 55 Australia Australia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 56 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 57 China China NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 58 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 59 Iranian Iranian NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 60 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 61 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 62 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 63 SCSMV SCSMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 64 isolate isolate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 65 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 66 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 67 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 68 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 69 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 70 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 71 Genbank Genbank NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1488 72 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 1 Maximum maximum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 2 likelihood likelihood NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 4 maximum maximum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 5 parsimony parsimony NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 6 analyses analysis NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 7 robustly robustly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 8 supported support VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 9 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 10 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 11 monophyletic monophyletic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 12 groups group NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 13 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 15 correlated correlate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 16 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 18 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 20 origin origin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 21 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 23 SCMV SCMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 24 subgroup subgroup NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 25 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 26 included include VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 27 18 18 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 28 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 29 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 30 China China NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 32 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 33 13 13 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 34 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 35 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 36 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 37 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 38 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 39 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 40 SCSMV SCSMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 41 subgroup subgroup NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 42 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 43 contained contain VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 44 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 45 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 46 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 47 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1489 48 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 1 Maize maize NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 2 dwarf dwarf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 3 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 6 MDMV MDMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 9 Johnsongrass Johnsongrass NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 10 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 13 JGMV JGMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 15 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 16 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 17 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 19 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 22 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 23 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1490 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 2 strong strong JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 3 correlation correlation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 5 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 6 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 8 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 9 groups group NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 12 geographical geographical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 13 origin origin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 16 SCMV SCMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 17 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1491 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 2 11 11 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 3 millable millable NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 4 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 5 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 7 China China NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 8 contained contain VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 9 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 11 tentatively tentatively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 12 described describe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 13 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 14 Sorghum Sorghum NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 15 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 16 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 18 SrMV SrMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1492 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1493 1 Three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1493 2 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1493 3 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1493 4 nine nine CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1493 5 chewing chew VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1493 6 canes cane NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1493 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1493 8 Fujian Fujian NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1493 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1493 10 Yunnan Yunnan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1493 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1493 12 Guizhou Guizhou NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 1 provinces province NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 3 China China NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 4 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 5 contained contain VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 6 SrMV SrMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 10 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 11 12 12 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 12 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 13 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 14 five five CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 15 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 16 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 17 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 18 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 19 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 20 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 21 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 22 SCMV SCMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1494 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1495 1 No no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1495 2 SrMV srmv JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1495 3 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1495 4 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1495 5 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1495 6 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1495 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1495 8 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1495 9 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1495 10 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1495 11 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1495 12 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1495 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 1 Sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 2 comparisons comparison NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 4 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 5 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 6 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 8 SrMV SrMV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 9 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 10 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 11 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 12 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 14 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 15 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 17 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 18 potyvirus potyvirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 19 infecting infect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 20 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 22 China China NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 24 however however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 26 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 27 Sugarcane Sugarcane NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 28 streak streak NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 29 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 30 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 31 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 32 dominant dominant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 33 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 34 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 35 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 36 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 37 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 38 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1496 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 1 DIG dig VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 3 labeled label VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 4 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 5 probe probe NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 6 complementary complementary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 8 coat coat VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 9 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 11 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 13 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 15 Tobacco Tobacco NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 16 streak streak NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 17 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 19 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1497 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 1 Sunflower sunflower NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 2 isolate isolate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 4 designed design VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 5 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 7 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 9 broad broad JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 11 spectrum spectrum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 12 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 14 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 15 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 18 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 19 devastating devastating JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 20 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 22 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1498 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 1 Dot dot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 3 blot blot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 5 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 6 print print NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 7 hybridizations hybridization NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 10 digoxigenin digoxigenin NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 11 labeled label VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 12 probe probe NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 13 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 14 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 15 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 17 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 18 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 19 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 20 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 21 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1499 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 1 Here here RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 3 dot dot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 5 blot blot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 6 hybridization hybridization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 8 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 10 check check VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 11 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 12 wide wide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 13 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 15 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 16 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 18 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 19 single single JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 20 probe probe NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 22 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 23 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 24 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 25 sample sample NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 26 extraction extraction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 27 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1500 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 2 probe probe NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 3 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 4 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 5 conserved conserve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 6 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 7 prepared prepare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 8 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 9 sunflower sunflower NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 10 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 11 amplicon amplicon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 13 hybridized hybridize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 14 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 16 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 17 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 18 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 19 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 20 Gherkin Gherkin NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 22 Pumpkin Pumpkin NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 24 Sunflower Sunflower NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 26 Marigold Marigold NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 28 Globe Globe NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 29 amaranth amaranth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 30 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 31 because because IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 33 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 34 conserved conserve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 35 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 36 little little JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 37 variability variability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 38 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 39 CP cp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 40 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1501 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 2 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 3 limits limit NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 5 decreased decrease VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 7 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 8 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 9 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 11 partially partially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 12 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 14 crude crude JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 15 extract extract NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 16 preparations preparation NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1502 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 2 particular particular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 4 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 5 blot blot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 6 hybridization hybridization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 7 offers offer VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 9 simple simple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 11 reliable reliable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 12 procedure procedure NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 13 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 14 dot dot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 16 blot blot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 18 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 19 requires require VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 20 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 21 sample sample NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 22 processing processing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1503 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 1 Because because IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 2 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 4 minimal minimal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 5 sample sample NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 6 preparation preparation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 8 tissue tissue NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 10 print print NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 11 hybridization hybridization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 12 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 13 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 14 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 15 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 16 component component NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 18 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 19 management management NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 20 programs program NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1504 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 4 above above JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 5 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 6 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 7 radioactive radioactive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 8 labeled label VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 9 probe probe NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 10 techniques technique NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 11 can can MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 12 facilitate facilitate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 14 screening screen VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 16 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 17 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 18 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 19 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 22 quarantine quarantine NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 23 services service NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1505 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 1 Savita Savita NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 2 Patil Patil NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 4 Rupali Rupali NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 5 Sawant Sawant NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 6 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 8 K. K. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 9 Banerjee Banerjee NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 10 Virology Virology NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 11 Group Group NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 13 Agharkar Agharkar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 14 Research Research NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 15 Institute Institute NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 17 MACS MACS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 19 G.G. G.G. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 20 Agarkar Agarkar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 21 Road Road NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 23 Pune Pune NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 24 411 411 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 25 004 004 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 26 Two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 27 Mycobacterium Mycobacterium NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 28 smegmatis smegmatis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 29 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 31 ARI ARI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 32 Lab Lab NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 33 Nos Nos NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1506 34 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 1 V842 V842 : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 3 V946 V946 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 6 employed employ VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 7 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 9 isolation isolation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 11 mycobacteriophages mycobacteriophage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 12 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 13 soil soil NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 15 sewage sewage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 16 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1507 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 1 Mycobacteriophages mycobacteriophage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 3 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 4 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 5 soil soil NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 6 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 7 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 8 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 9 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 10 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 11 surrounding surround VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 13 Tuberculosis Tuberculosis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 15 TB TB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 17 ward ward NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 19 Naidu Naidu NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 20 hospital hospital NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 22 Pune Pune NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 24 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 25 M. M. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 26 smegmatis smegmatis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 27 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 28 V842 V842 NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1508 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 3 numbered number VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 4 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 5 V942 V942 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 7 V943 V943 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 9 V944 v944 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 12 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 13 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 14 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 15 washed wash VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 16 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 17 cell cell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 18 preparation preparation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 19 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1509 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 2 Bacteriophages Bacteriophages NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 3 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 5 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 6 M. M. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 7 smegmatis smegmatis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 8 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 10 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 11 V946 V946 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 13 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 14 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 15 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 16 soil soil NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 17 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 19 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 20 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 21 around around IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 22 TB TB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 23 ward ward NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 24 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 25 Sassoon Sassoon NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 26 hospital hospital NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 27 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 28 Pune Pune NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1510 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1511 1 Some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1511 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1511 3 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1511 4 phages phage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1511 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1511 6 viz viz NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1511 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 1 V953 V953 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 3 V954 V954 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 5 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 6 plaques plaque NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 7 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 8 42 42 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 9 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 10 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 11 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 12 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 13 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 14 37 37 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 15 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 16 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1512 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1513 1 Thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1513 2 they -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1513 3 seem seem VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1513 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1513 5 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1513 6 lysogenic lysogenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1513 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 1 For for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 2 propagating propagate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 4 increasing increase VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 6 titre titre NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 8 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 10 above above JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 11 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 13 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 14 previously previously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 15 described describe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 16 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 18 attempted attempt VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 20 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 21 none none NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 23 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 24 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 25 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 26 satisfactory satisfactory JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1514 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 1 But but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 2 when when WRB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 3 siliconized siliconized NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 4 glassware glassware NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 6 plastic plastic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 8 ware ware NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 10 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 12 propagation propagation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 13 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 14 successful successful JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1515 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 2 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 3 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 4 siliconization siliconization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 6 glassware glassware NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 8 plastic plastic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 10 ware ware NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 12 essential essential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 14 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 15 propagation propagation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 17 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 18 mycobacteriophage mycobacteriophage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 19 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 20 V951 V951 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 22 V952 V952 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 24 V953 V953 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 26 V954 V954 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 28 V955 v955 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1516 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 1 Also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 3 phage phage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 4 dilution dilution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 5 medium medium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 7 PDM PDM NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 10 described describe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 11 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 12 Chaterjee Chaterjee NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 13 et et NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 14 al al NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1517 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 2 2000 2000 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 5 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 7 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 8 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 9 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 10 picking pick VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 11 out out IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 14 plaques plaque NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 15 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 16 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 18 phages phage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1518 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 2 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 3 way way NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 6 phage phage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 7 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 8 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 9 propagated propagate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 10 up up IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 12 P p NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 13 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1519 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 2 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 3 passages passage NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 6 phage phage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 7 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 8 V951 V951 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 10 V952 V952 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 12 V953 V953 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 14 V954 V954 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1520 16 V955 v955 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 2 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 3 original original JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 5 P p NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 6 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 8 P p NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 9 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 11 P p NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 12 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 15 stored store VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 16 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 17 -80 -80 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 18 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 19 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1521 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1522 1 PVP-29 pvp-29 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1523 1 Effect effect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1523 2 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1523 3 Pigments pigment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1524 1 Due due IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1524 2 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1524 3 Geminivirus Geminivirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1524 4 Infection Infection NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1524 5 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1524 6 Cowpea Cowpea NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1524 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1524 8 Vigna Vigna NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1524 9 unguiculata unguiculata NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1524 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 1 Shail Shail NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 2 Pande Pande NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 3 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 5 Naveen Naveen NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 6 Pandey Pandey NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 8 K. K. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 9 Shukla Shukla NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 10 Mahatma Mahatma NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 11 Gandhi Gandhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 12 P. P. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 13 G. G. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 14 College College NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 15 Gorakhpur Gorakhpur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 17 D.D.U. D.D.U. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 18 Gorakhpur Gorakhpur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1525 19 University University NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 1 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 2 Gorakhpur Gorakhpur NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 3 Geminiviruses Geminiviruses NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 5 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 8 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 9 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 10 group group NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 12 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 13 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 14 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 15 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 17 tropics tropic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1526 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 2 symptom symptom NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 3 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 4 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 5 yellowing yellow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 7 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 8 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 9 directly directly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 10 affect affect VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 12 pigments pigment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 14 diseased diseased JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 15 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 18 turn turn NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 19 affects affect VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 20 productivity productivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 22 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 24 diseased diseased JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 25 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1527 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 1 Cowpea Cowpea NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 2 Vigna Vigna NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 3 unguiculata unguiculata NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 5 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 8 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 9 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 10 cultivated cultivate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 11 throughout throughout IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 12 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 15 green green JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 16 pods pod NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 17 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 18 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 19 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 20 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 21 vegetables vegetable NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 23 seeds seed NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 24 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 25 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 26 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 27 pulse pulse NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1528 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 1 Cowpea Cowpea NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 3 affected affect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 4 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 5 many many JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 6 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 7 amongst amongst IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 8 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 9 geminiviruses geminiviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 10 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 11 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 14 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 15 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 16 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 18 cowpea cowpea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 19 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1529 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 3 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 4 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 5 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 6 chlorophyll chlorophyll NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 7 content content NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 9 studied study VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 11 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 13 cowpea cowpea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 15 diseased diseased JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 17 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 18 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 19 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 20 Arnon Arnon NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 21 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 22 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1530 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1531 1 Carotenoids carotenoid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1531 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1531 3 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1531 4 studied study VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1531 5 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1531 6 Ikan Ikan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1531 7 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1531 8 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1531 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 3 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 4 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 5 chlorophyll chlorophyll NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 6 content content NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 8 diseased diseased JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 9 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 11 lower low JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 12 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 13 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 14 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 15 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 16 similar similar JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 17 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 18 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 19 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 20 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 21 carotenoids carotenoid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 22 so so IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 24 geminivirruses geminivirruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 25 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 26 lowers lower VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 28 chlorophyll chlorophyll NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 30 carotenoid carotenoid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 31 content content NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 32 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 33 diseased diseased JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 34 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 35 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 36 reduces reduce VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 37 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 38 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 39 diseased diseased JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 40 cowpea cowpea NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 41 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1532 42 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 1 Shweta Shweta NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 2 Sharma Sharma NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 3 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 5 Amrita Amrita NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 6 Banerjee Banerjee NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 7 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 9 J. J. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 10 Tarafdar Tarafdar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 11 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 13 R. R. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 14 Rabindran Rabindran NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 15 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 17 Indranil Indranil NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 18 Dasgupta Dasgupta NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 19 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 20 * * SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 21 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 22 Department Department NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 24 Plant Plant NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 25 Molecular Molecular NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 26 Biology Biology NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 27 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 28 University University NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 30 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 31 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 32 South South NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 33 Campus Campus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 34 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 35 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 36 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1533 37 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 1 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 2 Bidhan Bidhan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 3 Chandra Chandra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 4 Krishi Krishi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 5 Vishwavidayalaya Vishwavidayalaya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 7 Kalyani Kalyani NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 9 Nadia Nadia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 11 West West NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 12 Bengal Bengal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 13 741235 741235 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 14 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 15 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 16 Tamil Tamil NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 17 Nadu Nadu NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 18 Agricultural Agricultural NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 19 University University NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 21 Coimbatore Coimbatore NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 23 Tamil Tamil NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 24 Nadu Nadu NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 25 641003 641003 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 26 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 27 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 28 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 29 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 30 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 31 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 32 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 33 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 34 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 35 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 36 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 37 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 38 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 39 joint joint JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 40 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 41 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 42 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 43 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1534 44 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 1 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 2 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 3 spherical spherical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 6 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 9 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 10 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 11 bacilliform bacilliform NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 12 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 14 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 17 South South NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 19 Southeast Southeast NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 20 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1535 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 2 complex complex NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 4 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 6 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 8 transmitted transmit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 10 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 11 insect insect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 12 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 13 Green Green NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 14 Leaf Leaf NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 15 Hopper Hopper NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 17 GLH GLH NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1536 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 1 Previously previously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 3 reported report VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 4 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 5 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 6 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 8 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 9 geographically geographically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 10 distinct distinct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 11 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 13 RTBV rtbv NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 14 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 15 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 16 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 17 WB WB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 19 West West NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 20 Bengal Bengal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 23 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 25 AP AP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 27 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 28 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1537 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1538 1 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1538 2 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1538 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1538 4 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1538 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1538 6 mid-1990s mid-1990 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1538 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 1 Both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 3 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 4 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 5 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 6 homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 7 all all RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 8 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 10 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 11 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 12 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 13 divergence divergence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 14 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 15 previously previously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 16 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 17 Southeast southeast JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 18 Asian asian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 19 isolate isolate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 20 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 21 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 22 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 23 Phil Phil NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 25 Philippines Philippines NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1539 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 2 check check VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 3 whether whether IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 4 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 5 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 6 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 9 decade decade NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 10 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 11 resulted result VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 12 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 13 variability variability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 16 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 17 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 19 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 20 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 22 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 23 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 24 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 26 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 27 cloned clone VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 28 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 29 sequenced sequence VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 31 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 32 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 33 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 34 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 35 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 36 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 37 geographically geographically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 38 distinct distinct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 39 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 40 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 41 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 42 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 43 West West NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 44 Bengal Bengal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 45 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 46 Kanyakumari Kanyakumari NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 47 collected collect VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 48 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 49 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 50 field field NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 51 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 52 2008 2008 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1540 53 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 2 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 3 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 4 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 7 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 8 fragments fragment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 9 covering cover VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 11 whole whole JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 12 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 14 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 15 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 16 determined determine VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 17 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 18 universal universal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 19 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 20 M13F M13F NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 22 M13R M13R NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 24 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 25 Primer primer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 26 walking walk VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 27 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 28 without without IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 29 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 30 ambiguities ambiguity NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 31 remaining remain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1541 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 2 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 3 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 5 overlapping overlap VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 6 clones clone NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 8 assembled assemble VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 10 analyzed analyze VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 11 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 13 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 14 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 15 software software NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 16 GENERUNNER GENERUNNER NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 18 BLASTn BLASTn NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 19 program program NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 21 NCBI NCBI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1542 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 1 Homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 2 search search VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 3 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 5 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 7 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 8 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 9 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 11 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 12 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 14 BLASTn BLASTn NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 16 BLASTp BLASTp NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 18 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 20 programs program NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 22 NCBI NCBI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1543 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1544 1 Multiple multiple JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1544 2 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1544 3 alignments alignment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1544 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1544 5 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1544 6 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1544 7 CLUS CLUS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1544 8 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1544 9 TAL TAL NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1544 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1544 11 W w NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1544 12 software software NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1544 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 1 Sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 3 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 4 thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 5 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 6 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 8 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 10 recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 11 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 12 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 13 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 14 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 16 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 17 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 18 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 19 geographically geographically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 20 distinct distinct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 21 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 23 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 24 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 25 West West NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 26 Bengal Bengal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 28 Kanyakumari Kanyakumari NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 29 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 30 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 31 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 32 homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 34 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 35 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 36 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 37 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 38 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 39 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 40 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 41 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 43 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 44 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 45 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 46 previously previously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 47 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 48 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 49 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 50 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1545 51 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 1 i.e. i.e. FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 2 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 4 WB WB NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 6 West West NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 7 Bengal Bengal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 10 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 12 AP AP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 14 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 15 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 17 all all RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 18 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 20 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1546 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 1 As as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 2 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 3 earlier early RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 4 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 6 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 7 diverged diverge VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 8 significantly significantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 9 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 11 Southeast southeast JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 12 Asian asian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 13 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1547 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 2 suggests suggest VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 3 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 4 even even RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 5 after after IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 7 spatial spatial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 9 temporal temporal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 10 difference difference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 12 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 13 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 14 gap gap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 16 approx approx NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 17 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 18 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 20 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 22 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 23 previously previously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 24 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 25 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 26 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 28 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 29 recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 30 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 31 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 33 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 34 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 35 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 36 little little JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 37 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 38 variability variability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 39 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 40 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1548 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 2 further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 3 strengthens strengthen VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 5 earlier early JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 6 reports report NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 9 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 10 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 12 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 13 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 14 highly highly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 15 conserved conserve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1549 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 1 Homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 2 search search VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 3 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 5 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 6 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 7 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 8 BLASTn BLASTn NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 9 program program NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 12 previously previously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 13 existing exist VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 14 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 15 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 16 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 17 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 18 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 19 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 20 percentage percentage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 21 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 23 99 99 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 24 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 25 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 27 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 28 West West NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 29 Bengal Bengal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 30 isolate isolate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 32 95 95 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 33 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 34 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 35 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 36 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 37 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 38 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 39 isolate isolate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1550 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 2 further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 3 strengthens strengthen VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 5 earlier early JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 6 reports report NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 8 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 10 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 11 much much JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 12 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 13 variability variability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 16 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 17 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 19 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 20 subcontinent subcontinent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1551 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 1 Complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 2 genomic genomic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 3 RNA rna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 4 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 6 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 7 geographically geographically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 8 distinct distinct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 9 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 11 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 12 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 13 spherical spherical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 16 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 19 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 20 member member NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 23 genus genus JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 24 Waikavirus Waikavirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 26 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 27 Sequiviridae Sequiviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 29 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 30 determined determine VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 31 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 32 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1552 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 1 Out out IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 4 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 5 previously previously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 6 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 7 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 10 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 11 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 13 closer close JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 14 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 16 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 17 breaking breaking NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 18 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 19 RTSV-[Vt6 rtsv-[vt6 ADD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1553 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1554 1 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1554 2 RTSV- rtsv- VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1554 3 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1554 4 PhilA PhilA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1554 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1554 6 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 1 Between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 2 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 5 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 6 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 7 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 8 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 9 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 10 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 11 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 12 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 13 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 14 identities identity NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 16 96 96 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 17 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1555 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 2 moderate moderate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 3 homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 5 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 6 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 8 leader leader NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 9 peptide peptide NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 11 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 12 putative putative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 13 helper helper NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 14 component component NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 15 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 16 involved involve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 18 insect insect NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 19 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 22 Maize Maize NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 23 chlorotic chlorotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 24 dwarf dwarf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 25 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 27 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 28 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 29 related related JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 30 waikavirus waikavirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 31 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 32 indicating indicate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 33 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 34 possible possible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 35 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 36 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 37 related relate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 38 function function NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1556 39 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 1 Unlike unlike IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 2 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 3 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 4 bacilliform bacilliform NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 5 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 7 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 8 causes cause VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 9 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 10 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 11 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 12 jointly jointly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 14 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 17 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 18 significantly significantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 19 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 20 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 21 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 22 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 23 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 25 Philippines Philippines NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 27 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 28 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 29 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 30 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 31 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 32 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 33 much much RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 34 more more RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 35 conserved conserve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 36 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 37 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 38 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 39 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 40 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 41 countries country NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1557 42 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 1 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 2 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 3 bacilliform bacilliform NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 6 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 8 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 9 believed believe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 10 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 11 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 13 joint joint JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 14 causative causative JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 15 agents agent NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 16 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 18 devastating devastating JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 19 tungro tungro JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 20 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 22 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 23 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 24 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 25 South South NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 27 Southeast Southeast NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 28 Asia Asia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 30 11 11 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1558 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 1 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 2 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 3 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 4 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 5 become become VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 7 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 8 cause cause NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 10 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 11 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 13 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 14 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 15 last last JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 16 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 17 decades decade NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 19 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 20 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 21 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 22 states state NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 24 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1559 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 1 Here here RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 4 report report VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 6 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 8 first first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 9 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 11 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 12 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 13 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 15 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 16 geographically geographically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 17 distinct distinct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 18 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 19 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 20 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 21 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1560 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 2 analyze analyze VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 4 deduced deduce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 5 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 6 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 8 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 9 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 10 relationship relationship NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 11 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 13 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 14 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 15 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 16 sequences sequence NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 17 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 18 Philippines Philippines NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 19 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 20 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 21 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 22 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 23 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 24 members member NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 26 Sequiviridae Sequiviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 27 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1561 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 2 provide provide VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 3 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 4 evidence evidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 5 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 7 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 8 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 10 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 11 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 12 closely closely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 13 related related JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 14 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 15 those those DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 16 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 18 Philippines Philippines NNPS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1562 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 2 had have VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 3 earlier early RBR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 4 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 5 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 6 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 7 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 8 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 9 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 11 Philippines Philippines NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 12 differ differ VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 13 significantly significantly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 14 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 15 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 16 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 18 18 18 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1563 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 2 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 4 undertaken undertake VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 6 order order NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 8 see see VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 9 whether whether IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 10 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 11 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 12 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 13 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 14 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 15 show show VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 16 similar similar JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 17 difference difference NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 19 those those DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 20 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 21 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 22 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 23 Philippines Philippines NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1564 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 1 Frequent frequent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 2 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 4 tungro tungro NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 6 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 7 near near IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 8 Kanyakumari Kanyakumari NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 9 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 11 last last JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 12 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 13 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 14 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 15 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1565 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 2 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 3 work work NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 5 undertaken undertake VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 7 clone clone VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 9 sequence sequence VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 11 full full JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 13 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 14 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 16 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 17 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 20 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 21 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 22 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 23 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 24 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 25 above above IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 26 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 28 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 29 analyze analyze VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 30 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 31 similarity similarity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 32 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 33 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 34 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 35 material material NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 36 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 37 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 38 existing exist VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 39 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 40 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 41 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 42 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 43 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 44 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1566 45 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 2 1.1 1.1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 3 kb kb NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 4 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 5 fragment fragment NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 6 encoding encode VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 8 Reverse reverse JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 9 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 10 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 12 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 13 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 14 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 15 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 17 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 19 T T NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 20 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 21 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 22 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 24 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 25 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 26 commercially commercially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1567 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 1 Homology homology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 2 search search VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 3 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 5 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 6 level level NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 7 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 8 BLASTn BLASTn NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 9 program program NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 12 previously previously RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 13 existing exist VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 14 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 15 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 16 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 17 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 18 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 19 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 20 percentage percentage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 21 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 23 99 99 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 24 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 25 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 26 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 27 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 28 West West NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 29 Bengal Bengal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 30 isolate isolate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 32 95 95 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 33 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 34 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 35 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 36 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 37 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 38 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 39 isolate isolate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1568 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 2 further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 3 strengthens strengthen VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 5 earlier early JJR cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 6 reports report NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 7 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 8 there there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 9 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 10 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 11 much much JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 12 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 13 variability variability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 16 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 17 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 19 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 20 subcontinent subcontinent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1569 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 4 CP3 CP3 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 5 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 7 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 9 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 11 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 13 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 14 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 15 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 16 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 18 T T NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 19 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 20 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 21 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1570 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 1 Recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 3 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 4 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 5 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 6 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 7 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 8 reported report VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 9 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 10 Kanyakumari Kanyakumari NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 11 district district NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 13 Tamil Tamil NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 14 Nadu Nadu NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1571 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 3 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 5 determine determine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 7 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 8 nature nature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 10 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 11 isolate isolate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 13 order order NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 15 develop develop VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 16 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 17 strategies strategy NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1572 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 3 thus thus RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 4 necessary necessary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 6 clone clone VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 8 characterize characterize VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 10 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 11 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 12 Kanyakumari Kanyakumari NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 14 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 15 determine determine VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 17 mechanism mechanism NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 19 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 20 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 22 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 23 lines line NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1573 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1574 1 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1574 2 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1574 3 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1574 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1574 5 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1574 6 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1574 7 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1574 8 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1574 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1574 10 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1574 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 1 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 2 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 4 caused cause VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 6 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 7 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 8 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 9 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 10 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 11 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 12 tungro tungro JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 13 bacilliform bacilliform NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 16 RTBV RTBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 19 Rice Rice NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 20 tungro tungro NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 21 spherical spherical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 22 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 24 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1575 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 1 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 3 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 4 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 5 picornavirus picornavirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 8 12 12 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 9 kb kb NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 10 single single JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 11 stranded strand VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 13 genome genome NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1576 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 2 belongs belong VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 3 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 4 genus genus VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 5 Waikavirus Waikavirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 8 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 9 Sequiviridae Sequiviridae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 11 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 12 necessary necessary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 14 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 15 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 16 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 17 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 18 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 19 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 21 leafhopper leafhopper NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 22 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 23 Nephotellix Nephotellix NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 24 virescens virescen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1577 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 1 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 4 translated translate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 6 form form VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 8 large large JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 9 polyprotein polyprotein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 11 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 12 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 13 then then RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 14 self self NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 15 cleaved cleave VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 16 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 17 form form VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 19 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 20 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 22 including include VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 23 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 24 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 25 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 26 proteins protein NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 27 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 28 replicase replicase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 30 protease protease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1578 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1579 1 Studies study NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1579 2 have have VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1579 3 been be VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1579 4 conducted conduct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1579 5 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1579 6 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1579 7 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1579 8 Philippines Philippines NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1579 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 1 Correct correct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 2 information information NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 4 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 5 variability variability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 7 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 8 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 10 check check VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 11 whether whether IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 12 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 13 geographical geographical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 14 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 15 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 16 those those DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 17 present present JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 19 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 20 select select VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 21 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 22 genotypically genotypically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 23 variable variable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 24 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 26 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 27 design design VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 28 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 29 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 30 resistance resistance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 31 strategy strategy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 33 information information NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 34 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 35 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 36 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 37 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 38 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 39 absolutely absolutely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 40 essential essential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1580 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 2 objective objective NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 4 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 5 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 7 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 8 clone clone VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 9 RTSV RTSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 10 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 11 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 12 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 14 compare compare VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 16 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 17 diversity diversity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 19 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 20 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 21 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 22 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 23 Southeast southeast JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 24 Asian asian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 25 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 27 amongst amongst IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 28 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 29 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1581 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 1 Also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 2 develop develop VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 3 strategy strategy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 4 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 5 impair impair VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 7 attack attack NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 9 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 10 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 11 complex complex JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 12 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 13 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1582 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 2 achieve achieve VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 3 this this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 5 complete complete JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 6 genomes genome NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 8 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 9 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 10 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 11 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 12 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 13 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 14 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 15 amplifying amplify VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 16 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 17 genes gene NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 18 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 19 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 20 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 21 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 23 subsequently subsequently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 24 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 26 TA TA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 27 vectors vector NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 29 followed follow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 30 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 31 sequencing sequence VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1583 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 1 Subsequently subsequently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 2 constructs construct VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 3 containing contain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 4 CP1 CP1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 5 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 6 3 3 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 8 antisense antisense NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 9 Replicase Replicase NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 11 sense sense NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 12 Replicase Replicase NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 14 double double JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 15 stranded strand VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 16 Replicase Replicase NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 17 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 18 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 19 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 20 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 21 transformation transformation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 22 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1584 23 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 2 constructs construct NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 4 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 5 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 6 transform transform VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 7 aromatic aromatic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 8 rice rice NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 9 variety variety NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 10 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 11 Indian Indian NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 13 Pusa Pusa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 14 Basmati Basmati NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 16 PB1 PB1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1585 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 1 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 5 above above JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 6 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 8 done do VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 10 check check VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 12 stable stable JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 13 insertion insertion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 15 insert insert NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 17 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 18 transgenics transgenic NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1586 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1587 1 Jatropha Jatropha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1587 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1587 3 Jatropha Jatropha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1587 4 curcas curcas NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1587 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1587 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1587 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1587 8 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 1 Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 3 being be VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 4 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 6 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 8 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 9 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 10 commercial commercial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 11 fuel fuel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 13 bio bio JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 14 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 15 diesel diesel JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 17 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1588 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1589 1 Jatropha Jatropha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1589 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1589 3 cultivated cultivate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1589 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1589 5 200 200 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1589 6 districts district NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1589 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1589 8 19 19 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1589 9 potential potential JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1589 10 states state NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1589 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1589 12 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1589 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 4 cultivation cultivation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 6 Jatropha Jatropha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 7 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 8 limited limit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 11 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 12 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 13 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1590 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 1 Recently recently RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 3 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 4 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 5 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 6 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 8 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 9 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 10 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 12 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 14 2006 2006 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 15 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 16 2009 2009 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 17 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 18 J. J. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 19 curcas curcas NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 20 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 22 experimental experimental JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 23 plots plot NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 25 NBRI NBRI NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 27 J. J. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 28 gossypifolia gossypifolia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 30 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 31 weed weed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 32 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 33 road road NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 34 side side NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 35 around around IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 36 Lucknow Lucknow NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 37 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 38 Kathaupahadi Kathaupahadi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 39 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 40 Madhya Madhya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 41 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1591 42 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 2 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 3 consisted consist VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 6 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 8 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 9 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 11 blistering blistering JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 13 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 14 distortion distortion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 16 stunting stunting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 18 whole whole JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 19 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 21 no no DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 22 fruit fruit NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 23 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 24 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 25 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 27 severely severely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 28 affected affect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 29 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1592 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 1 Symptomatology symptomatology NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 3 whitefly whitefly NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 4 population population NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 5 observed observe VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 6 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 7 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 8 suggested suggest VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 10 occurrence occurrence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 12 Begomovirus Begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 13 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1593 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 1 To to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 2 detect detect VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 4 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 5 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 8 total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 9 DNA dna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 10 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 11 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 12 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 14 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 15 Jatropha Jatropha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 16 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 17 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 18 extracted extract VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 20 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 21 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 22 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 24 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 26 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 27 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 28 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 29 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 30 sets set NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 31 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 32 begomovirus begomovirus JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 33 genus genus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 34 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 36 CPIT CPIT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 37 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 38 I I NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 39 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 40 CPIT CPIT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 41 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 42 T T NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 43 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 44 PALIv PALIv NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 45 1978 1978 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 46 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 47 PARIc PARIc NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 48 496 496 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 49 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 50 PALIv PALIv NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 51 722 722 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 52 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 53 PALIc PALIc NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 54 1960 1960 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 56 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 57 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 58 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 59 expected expect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 60 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 61 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 62 800 800 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 63 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 64 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 65 1.2 1.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 66 kb kb NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 67 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 68 1.2 1.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 69 kb kb NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 70 amplicons amplicon NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 71 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 72 obtained obtain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 73 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 74 confirmed confirm VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 75 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 76 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 77 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1594 78 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 1 Further further RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 2 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 3 identify identify VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 5 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 6 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 7 es es XX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 9 investigate investigate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 11 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 12 diversity diversity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 13 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 14 them -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 15 exists exist VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 16 if if IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 17 any any DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 20 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 21 1.2 1.2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 22 kb kb NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 23 amplicons amplicon NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 24 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 25 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 26 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 27 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1595 28 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 2 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 3 data datum NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 4 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 5 deposited deposit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 8 GenBank GenBank NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 9 database database NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 10 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 11 accession accession NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 12 nos nos NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 13 . . NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1596 14 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 1 GQ847545 GQ847545 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 3 FJ346232 FJ346232 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 6 J. J. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 7 curcas curcas NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 9 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 10 EU727086 EU727086 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 12 FJ177030 FJ177030 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 14 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 15 J. J. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 16 gossypifolia gossypifolia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1597 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1598 1 During during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1598 2 BLAST blast NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1598 3 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 1 GQ847545 GQ847545 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 3 FJ346232 FJ346232 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 4 shared share VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 5 highest high JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 6 95 95 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 7 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 8 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 9 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 11 each each DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 12 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 14 84 84 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 15 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 16 88%% 88%% CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 18 Sri Sri NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 19 Lankan Lankan NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 20 cassava cassava NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 21 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 22 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 24 AJ579307 AJ579307 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 25 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 26 AJ607394 aj607394 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 27 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 28 AJ890225 aj890225 JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1599 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 1 AJ89 AJ89 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 2 0229 0229 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 4 AJ890224 aj890224 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 7 Indian indian JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 8 cassava cassava NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 9 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 11 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 12 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 14 AY738105 ay738105 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1600 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 1 therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 3 designated designate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 4 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 5 two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 6 strains strain NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 8 Jatropha Jatropha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 9 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 10 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 12 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 13 Lucknow Lucknow NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1601 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 1 BLAST blast NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 4 EU727086 EU727086 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 5 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 6 maximum maximum JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 7 93 93 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 8 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 9 similarities similarity NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 11 Croton Croton NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 12 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 13 vein vein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 14 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 15 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 17 AJ507777 AJ507777 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 20 82 82 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 21 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 22 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 23 Tomato Tomato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 24 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 25 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 26 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 27 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 28 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 30 DQ629102 dq629102 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 32 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 33 80 80 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 34 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 35 79 79 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 36 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 37 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 38 Papaya Papaya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 39 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 40 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 41 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 43 AJ436992 aj436992 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 44 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 45 Y15934 Y15934 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 47 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 48 therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 49 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 50 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 51 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 52 strain strain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 53 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 54 Croton Croton NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 55 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 56 vein vein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 57 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 58 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1602 59 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 1 BLAST blast NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 2 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 5 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 6 isolate isolate VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 8 FJ177030 fj177030 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 10 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 11 highest high JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 12 83 83 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 13 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 14 identities identity NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 15 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 16 Tomato Tomato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 17 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 18 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 19 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 20 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 21 Bangalore Bangalore NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 22 II II NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 24 ToLCV ToLCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 25 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 26 B B NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 27 II II NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 28 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 29 U38239 U38239 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 32 82 82 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 33 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 34 81 81 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 35 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 36 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 37 Tomato Tomato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 38 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 39 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 40 Karnataka Karnataka NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 41 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 43 ToL ToL NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 44 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 45 CKV CKV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 46 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 47 AY754812 AY754812 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 48 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 49 FJ514798 FJ514798 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 51 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 52 therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 53 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 54 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 55 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 56 new new JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 57 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 58 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 59 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 60 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 61 Jatropha Jatropha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 62 yellow yellow NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 63 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 64 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 65 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 66 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 67 ' ' '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1603 68 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 2 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 3 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 5 GQ847545 GQ847545 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 7 FJ346232 FJ346232 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 9 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 10 J. J. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 11 curcas curcas NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 14 EU727086 EU727086 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 16 FJ177030 FJ177030 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 18 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 19 J. J. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 20 gossypifolia gossypifolia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 22 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 23 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 24 along along IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 25 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 26 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 27 selected select VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 28 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 29 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 30 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 31 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 32 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 34 90 90 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 35 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 36 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 37 identities identity NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 38 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 39 BLAST blast NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 40 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1604 41 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 2 isolate isolate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 3 EU727086 EU727086 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 4 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 5 closest close JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 6 relationship relationship NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 7 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 8 Croton Croton NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 9 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 10 vein vein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 11 mosaic mosaic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 12 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 13 while while IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 14 FJ177030 FJ177030 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 15 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 16 separate separate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 17 clustering clustering NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 18 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 19 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 20 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 21 four four CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 22 begomovirus begomovirus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 23 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 24 Jatropha Jatropha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 25 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1605 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 1 During during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 2 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 3 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 4 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 5 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 6 formed form VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 7 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 8 separate separate JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 9 clusters cluster NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 10 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 11 therefore therefore RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 13 they -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 14 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 15 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 16 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 17 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 18 distinct distinct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 19 begomoviruses begomoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1606 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 2 above above JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 3 data datum NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 4 clearly clearly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 5 show show VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 6 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 7 some some DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 8 genetic genetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 9 diversity diversity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 10 exists exist VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 11 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 13 begomoviruses begomoviruse NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 14 infecting infect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 15 Jatropha Jatropha NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 16 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 17 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 18 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1607 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 1 Bitter bitter JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 2 gourd gourd NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 4 Momordica Momordica NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 5 charantia charantia NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 6 L. L. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 10 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 11 Cucurbitaceae Cucurbitaceae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 13 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 14 known know VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 15 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 16 bitter bitter JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 17 melon melon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 18 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 19 extensively extensively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 20 cultivated cultivate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 22 north north JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 23 eastern eastern JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 24 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 25 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 26 Uttar Uttar NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 27 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 29 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1608 30 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 3 regarded regard VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 4 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 5 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 8 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 9 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 10 major major JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 11 vegetable vegetable NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 12 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 14 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 15 great great JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 16 economic economic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 17 importance importance NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1609 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 1 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 2 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 3 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 4 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 5 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 6 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 7 bitter bitter JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 8 gourd gourd NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 10 Momordica Momordica NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 11 charantia charantia NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 14 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 15 significant significant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 16 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 17 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 18 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 19 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 20 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 21 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 22 survey survey NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 23 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 24 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 25 locations location NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 26 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 27 Eastern Eastern NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 28 UP UP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 29 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 30 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 31 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 32 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 33 year year NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 34 2007 2007 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1610 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 2 whitefly whitefly NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 4 Bemisia Bemisia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 5 tabaci tabaci NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 7 population population NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 9 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 10 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 13 vicinity vicinity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1611 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 2 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 3 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 4 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 6 whitefly whitefly NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 7 population population NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 8 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 10 possibility possibility NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 12 begomovirus begomovirus JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 13 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1612 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1613 1 Total total JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1613 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1613 3 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1613 4 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1613 5 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1613 6 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1613 7 as as RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1613 8 well well RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1613 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1613 10 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1613 11 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1613 12 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1613 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 1 Two two CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 2 primer primer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 3 pair pair NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 5 TLCV TLCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 6 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 7 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 9 Roja Roja NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 10 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 11 Primer primer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 13 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 14 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 15 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 16 study study VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 18 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 19 resulted result VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 20 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 21 800 800 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 22 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 23 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 24 TLCV TLCV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 25 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 26 CP cp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 27 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 28 3/3 3/3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 29 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 31 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 32 1.3 1.3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 33 kb kb NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 34 amplicons amplicon NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 35 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 36 Roja Roja NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 37 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 38 primer primer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 39 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 40 3/4 3/4 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 41 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1614 42 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 1 For for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 2 further further JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 3 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 6 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 9 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 10 amplicons amplicon NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 11 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 12 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1615 14 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1616 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1616 2 GenBank GenBank NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1616 3 accession accession NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1616 4 no no UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1616 5 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1617 1 EU439260 eu439260 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1617 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1617 3 EU888908 eu888908 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1617 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1617 5 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1617 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1617 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 2 BLASTn BLASTn NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 3 search search NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 4 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 6 EU439260 eu439260 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 7 indicated indicate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 8 99 99 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 9 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 10 95 95 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 11 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 12 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 13 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 14 several several JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 15 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 16 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 17 Tomato Tomato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 18 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 19 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 20 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 21 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 22 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 24 ToLCNDV ToLCNDV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1618 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 2 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 3 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 4 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 5 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 6 closest close JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 7 relationships relationship NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 10 isolate isolate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 12 EU439260 eu439260 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 14 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 15 ToLCNDV tolcndv JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 16 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1619 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 1 Based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 2 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 3 highest high JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 4 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 5 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 7 closed close VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 8 relationships relationship NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 10 ToLCNDV ToLCNDV , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 12 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 13 isolated isolate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 14 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 15 bitter bitter JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 16 gourd gourd NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 17 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 18 considered consider VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 19 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 20 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 21 isolate isolate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 23 Tomato Tomato NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 24 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 25 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 26 New New NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 27 Delhi Delhi NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 28 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1620 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 1 While while IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 3 BLASTn BLASTn NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 4 search search NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 5 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 7 EU888908 EU888908 `` cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 8 isolate isolate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 10 shared share VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 11 highest high JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 12 99 99 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 13 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 14 97 97 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 15 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 16 identites identite NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 18 Pepper Pepper NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 19 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 20 curl curl NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 21 Bangladesh Bangladesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 22 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 24 PepLCBV peplcbv NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 26 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1621 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 2 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 3 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 6 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 7 isolate isolate VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 8 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 9 selected select VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 10 begomovirus begomovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 11 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 12 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 13 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 14 closest close JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 15 relationship relationship NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 16 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 17 PepLCBV peplcbv NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1622 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1623 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1623 2 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1623 3 confirmed confirm VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1623 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1623 5 association association NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1623 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1623 7 PepLCBV PepLCBV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1623 8 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1623 9 bitter bitter JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1623 10 gourd gourd NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1623 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 1 Study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 2 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 4 variability variability NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 6 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 7 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 8 bitter bitter JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 9 gourd gourd NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 11 Eastern Eastern NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 12 UP UP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 14 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1624 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 1 Tobacco tobacco NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 2 streak streak NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 3 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 4 groundnut groundnut NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 5 isolate isolate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 7 characterized characterize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 8 biologically biologically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 10 taking take VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 11 six six CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 12 cultivars cultivar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 14 JL24 JL24 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 16 TMV2 TMV2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 17 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 18 K6 K6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 19 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 20 K7 K7 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 21 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 22 K9 K9 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 25 one one CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 26 pre pre JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 27 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 28 release release JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 29 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 31 K1271 K1271 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 33 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 34 seedlings seedling NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 35 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 36 7 7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 37 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 38 84 84 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 39 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 40 old old JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 41 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 42 glasshouse glasshouse NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 43 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1625 44 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 1 There there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 3 clear clear JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 4 differences difference NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 6 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 7 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 8 cultivars cultivar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 9 tested test VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 10 regarding regard VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 11 incubation incubation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 12 period period NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 14 percent percent NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 15 seedling seedling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 16 wilt wilt NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 18 time time NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 19 taken take VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 20 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 21 death death NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 22 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 23 seedlings seedling NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1626 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 1 K-7 K-7 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 3 least least RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 4 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 5 among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 6 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 8 cultivars cultivar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 9 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 12 supported support VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 13 least least JJS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 15 titer titer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 17 A A NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 18 405 405 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 19 nm nm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 20 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 21 0.11 0.11 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 22 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 23 1.23 1.23 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1627 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 1 Both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 2 localized localized JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 4 necrotic necrotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 5 lesions lesion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 6 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 7 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 8 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 9 veinal veinal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 10 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 12 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 13 yellowing yellowing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 15 wilting wilt VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 18 systemic systemic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 20 petiole petiole JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 21 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 22 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 23 necrotic necrotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 24 lesions lesion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 25 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 26 young young JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 27 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 29 death death NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 30 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 31 top top JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 32 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 33 buds bud NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 34 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 35 only only RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 36 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 37 main main JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 38 stem stem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 39 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 40 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 41 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 42 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 43 primaries primary NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 45 side side NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 46 shoots shoot NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 48 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 49 followed follow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 50 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 51 stem stem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 52 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 53 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 54 stunted stunted JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 55 growth growth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 56 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 57 axillary axillary JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 58 shoot shoot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 59 proliferation proliferation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 60 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 61 small small JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 62 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 63 having have VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 64 general general JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 65 chlorosis chlorosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 66 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 67 peg peg NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 68 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 69 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 70 pod pod NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 71 necrosis necrosis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 72 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 73 pod pod NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 74 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 75 reduction reduction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 76 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 77 wilt wilt NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 78 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 79 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1628 80 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1629 1 symptom symptom NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1629 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1629 3 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1629 4 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1629 5 all all DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1629 6 cultivars cultivar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1629 7 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1629 8 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 1 Biological biological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 2 differentiation differentiation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 4 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 5 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 6 GBNV GBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 8 made make VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 10 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 11 inoculation inoculation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 13 both both DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 14 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 15 separately separately RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 16 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 17 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 18 groundnut groundnut NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 19 cultivar cultivar NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 20 JL24 JL24 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 21 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 22 glasshouse glasshouse NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 23 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1630 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1631 1 There there EX cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1631 2 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1632 1 certain certain JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1632 2 similarities similarity NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1632 3 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1632 4 differences difference NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1632 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1632 6 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1632 7 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1632 8 these these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1632 9 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1632 10 infecting infect VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1632 11 groundnut groundnut NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1632 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 1 Seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 2 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 4 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 5 ranged range VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 6 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 7 18.9 18.9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 8 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 9 28.9 28.9 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 10 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 12 seeds seed NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 13 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 14 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 15 naturally naturally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 16 infected infect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 17 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 18 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 19 inoculated inoculate VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 20 groundnut groundnut NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 21 cultivars cultivar NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 22 / / SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 23 pre pre NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 24 - - NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 25 releases release NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 27 JL24 JL24 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 29 TMV2 TMV2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 30 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 31 K-6 K-6 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 32 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 33 K-7 K-7 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 34 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 35 K-9 K-9 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 36 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 37 K-1271 K-1271 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 39 belonging belong VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 40 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 41 spanish spanish NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 42 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 43 virginia virginia NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 44 types type NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1633 45 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 1 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 2 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 3 detected detect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 4 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 5 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 6 pod pod NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 7 shell shell NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 9 seed seed NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 10 testa testa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 11 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 12 pod pod NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 13 samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 14 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 15 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 16 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 17 inoculation inoculation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 18 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 19 glasshouse glasshouse NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 20 conditions condition NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1634 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1635 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1635 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1635 3 seed seed NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1635 4 transmission transmission NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1635 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1635 6 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1635 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1635 8 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1635 9 observed observe VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1635 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1635 11 groundnut groundnut NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1635 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1636 1 Coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1636 2 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1636 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1636 4 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1636 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1636 6 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1636 7 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1636 8 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1636 9 groundnut groundnut NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1636 10 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1636 11 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 2 GN GN NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 3 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 4 AP-1 AP-1 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 5 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 6 00 00 NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 7 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 8 GN GN NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 9 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 10 AP2 AP2 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 11 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 12 04 04 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 13 ; ; : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 14 GN GN NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 15 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 16 AP3 AP3 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 17 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 18 07 07 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 20 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 21 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 23 all all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 24 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 25 three three CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 26 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 27 contained contain VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 28 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 29 single single JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 30 open open JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 31 reading reading NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 32 frame frame NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 34 ORF ORF NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 36 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 37 717 717 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 38 bp bp NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 39 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 40 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 41 could could MD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 42 potentially potentially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 43 code code VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 44 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 45 238 238 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 46 amino amino JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 47 acids acid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 49 aa aa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1637 51 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 1 CP cp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 2 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 4 TSV TSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 5 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 6 originating originate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 7 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 8 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 9 hosts host NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 10 shared share VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 11 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 12 degree degree NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 14 sequence sequence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 15 identity identity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 16 both both CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 17 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 18 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 20 97.6 97.6 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 21 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 22 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 23 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 26 amino amino NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 27 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 29 95.7 95.7 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 30 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 31 100 100 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 32 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 34 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 35 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1638 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1639 1 tones tone NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1639 2 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1639 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1639 4 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1639 5 area area NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1639 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1639 7 3.83.430 3.83.430 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1639 8 ha ha UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1639 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1639 10 FAO FAO NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1639 11 STAT2007 STAT2007 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1639 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1639 13 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 2 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 3 papaya papaya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 4 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 5 grown grow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 7 nearly nearly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 8 80,000 80,000 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 9 ha ha UH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 11 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 12 annual annual JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 13 production production NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 15 7,00,000 7,00,000 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 16 tones tone NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 18 FAO FAO NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 19 STAT STAT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 20 2007 2007 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 23 occupies occupy VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 24 fourth fourth JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 25 place place NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 26 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 27 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 28 world world NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1640 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1641 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1641 2 crop crop NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1641 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1641 4 severely severely RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1641 5 affected affect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1641 6 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1641 7 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1641 8 number number NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1641 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1641 10 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1641 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 1 Papaya papaya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 2 ring ring NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 3 spot spot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 6 PRSV PRSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 8 P P NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 10 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 11 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 12 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 13 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 14 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1642 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 2 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 5 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 6 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 7 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 8 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 9 traditionally traditionally RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 10 involved involve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 11 either either CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 12 bioassay bioassay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 13 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 14 indexing indexing NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 15 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 17 or or CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 18 immunological immunological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 19 methods method NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 21 Hill Hill NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 22 1981 1981 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 23 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 24 Torrence Torrence NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 25 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 26 Jones Jones NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 27 1981 1981 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1643 29 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 1 Use use NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 3 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 4 acid acid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 5 probes probe NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 6 has have VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 7 improved improve VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 9 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 10 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 11 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 13 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1644 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 2 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 3 common common JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 4 non non JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 5 - - JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 6 radioactive radioactive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 7 probes probe NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 8 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 9 Biotynilated biotynilate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 10 probes probe NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 11 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 12 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 13 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 14 very very RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 15 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 17 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1645 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 1 Papaya papaya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 2 ring ring NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 3 spot spot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 6 PRSV PRSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 8 P P NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 10 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 11 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 12 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 13 sense sense NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 14 ssRNA ssRNA '' cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 15 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 16 belonging belong VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 17 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 18 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 19 genus genus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 20 potyvirus potyvirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 21 Family Family NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 22 potyviridae potyviridae NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 23 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 24 transmitted transmit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 25 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 26 aphids aphid NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1646 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 1 PRSV PRSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 3 P p NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 4 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 5 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 6 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 7 region region NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 8 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 9 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 10 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 11 template template NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 12 cDNA cdna NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 13 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 14 probe probe NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 15 preparation preparation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1647 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 1 Dot dot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 3 blot blot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 4 hybridization hybridization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 5 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 6 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 7 biotin biotin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 8 labeled label VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 9 probe probe NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 11 performed perform VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 12 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 13 PRSV PRSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 14 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 15 P p NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 16 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1648 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 2 clarified clarify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 3 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 5 healthy healthy JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 7 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 8 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 9 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 10 serially serially RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 11 diluted dilute VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 12 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 13 spotted spot VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 14 onto onto IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 15 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 16 nitrocellulose nitrocellulose JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 17 membrane membrane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 19 hybridized hybridize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 20 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 21 biotin biotin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 22 labeled label VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 23 probe probe NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1649 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 1 Biotin Biotin NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 2 labeled label VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 4 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 5 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 6 employed employ VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 7 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 8 probes probe NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 10 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 11 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 12 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 13 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 14 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 15 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 16 streptavidin streptavidin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 17 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 18 alkaline alkaline JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 19 phosphatase phosphatase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 20 conjugates conjugate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1650 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 2 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 3 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 4 viral viral JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 5 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 8 biotin biotin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 9 labeled label VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 10 probe probe NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 12 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 13 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 14 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 15 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 16 than than IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 17 Enzyme Enzyme NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 18 Linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 19 Immunosorbent Immunosorbent NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 20 Assay Assay NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 22 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1651 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 2 recent recent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 3 years year NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 4 tospovirus tospovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 5 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 6 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 7 devastating devastating JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 8 damage damage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 9 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 11 yield yield NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 13 vegetables vegetable NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 14 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 15 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1652 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1653 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1653 2 infects infect VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1653 3 economically economically RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1653 4 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1653 5 crops crop NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1653 6 viz viz NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1653 7 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 1 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 2 tomato tomato NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 3 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 4 chilli chilli NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 5 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 6 peppers pepper NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 8 groundnut groundnut NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 10 watermelon watermelon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 12 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 13 legumes legume NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1654 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1655 1 Now now RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1655 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1655 3 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1655 4 emerging emerge VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1655 5 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1655 6 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1655 7 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1655 8 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1655 9 brinjal brinjal NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1655 10 also also RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1655 11 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 1 In in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 2 order order NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 3 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 4 monitor monitor VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 6 natural natural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 7 occurrence occurrence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 9 distribution distribution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 11 Tospovirus Tospovirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 13 vegetable vegetable NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 15 surveys survey NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 17 conducted conduct VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 18 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 19 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 20 predominant predominant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 21 brinjal brinjal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 22 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 23 areas area NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 24 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 25 Gujarat Gujarat NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 26 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 27 Karnataka Karnataka NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 28 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 29 Maharashtra Maharashtra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 31 Andhra Andhra NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 32 Pradesh Pradesh NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 33 during during IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 34 2008 2008 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 35 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 36 2010 2010 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 37 incidence incidence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 38 ranging range VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 39 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 40 5 5 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 41 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 42 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 43 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 44 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 45 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 46 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 47 80 80 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 48 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 49 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 50 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 51 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 52 40 40 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 53 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 54 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 55 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 56 0 0 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 57 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 58 55.78 55.78 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 59 % % NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 60 respectively respectively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1656 61 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 1 Samples sample NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 2 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 3 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 4 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 5 places place NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 6 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 7 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 8 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 9 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 10 positive positive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 11 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 12 PBNV PBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 14 direct direct JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 15 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 16 coating coating NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 17 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 18 enzyme enzyme NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 19 linked link VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 20 immunosorbent immunosorbent JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 21 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 23 DAC DAC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 24 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 25 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1657 27 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1658 1 PBNV PBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1658 2 infected infect VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1658 3 brinjal brinjal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1658 4 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 1 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 2 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 3 mottling mottling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 5 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 6 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 7 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 8 distortion distortion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 10 longitudinal longitudinal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 11 streaks streak NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 12 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 13 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 14 stem stem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 16 necrotic necrotic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 17 rings ring NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 18 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 19 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 21 fruits fruit NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1659 22 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1660 1 Early early JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1660 2 infection infection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1660 3 led lead VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1660 4 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1660 5 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1660 6 stunting stunting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1660 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1660 8 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1660 9 fruiting fruiting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1660 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 1 Biological biological JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 2 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 3 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 4 characterization characterization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 6 PBNV PBNV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 8 brinjal brinjal NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 9 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 11 compared compare VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 12 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 13 other other JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 14 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 16 results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 17 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 18 discussed discuss VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1661 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 1 For for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 2 identification identification NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 4 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 5 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 6 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 7 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 8 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 9 soybean soybean NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 10 various various JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 11 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 12 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 13 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 14 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1662 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1663 1 Plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1663 2 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1663 3 belonging belong VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1663 4 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1663 5 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1663 6 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1663 7 families family NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1663 8 viz viz JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1663 9 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1664 1 caricaceae caricaceae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1664 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1664 3 graminae graminae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1664 4 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1664 5 leguminosae leguminosae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1664 6 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1664 7 malvaceae malvaceae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1664 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1664 9 solanaceae solanaceae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1664 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1664 11 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1664 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 3 produced produce VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 4 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 5 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 6 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 7 plant plant NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 8 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 9 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 10 Chenopodium Chenopodium NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 11 album album NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 12 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 13 C. C. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 14 quinoa quinoa NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 16 Helianthus Helianthus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 17 anus anus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 19 Phaseolus Phaseolus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 20 vulgaris vulgaris NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 21 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 22 Vigna Vigna NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 23 ungiculata ungiculata NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1665 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 1 Among among IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 2 tested test VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 3 families family NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 5 leguminosae leguminosae NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 6 that that WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 7 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 9 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 11 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 12 included include VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 13 Arachis Arachis NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 14 hypogea hypogea NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 15 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 16 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 17 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 18 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 19 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 20 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 22 soybean soybean NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 23 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 24 inactivated inactivate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 25 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 26 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 27 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 28 55 55 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 29 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 30 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 31 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 32 between between IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 33 dilution dilution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 34 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 35 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 36 -4 -4 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 37 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 38 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 39 -5 -5 NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1666 40 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 1 All all PDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 3 inoculated inoculate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 4 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 5 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 6 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 7 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 8 showed show VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 10 symptoms symptom NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 11 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 12 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 13 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 14 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 15 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 16 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 17 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 18 55 55 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 19 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 20 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1667 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1668 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1668 2 local local JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1668 3 lesions lesion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1668 4 produced produce VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1668 5 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1668 6 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1668 7 -4 -4 NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1668 8 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1668 9 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1668 10 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1668 11 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1669 1 -5 -5 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1669 2 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 4 crude crude JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 5 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 7 infectious infectious JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 8 up up IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 9 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 10 72 72 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 11 h h NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 12 but but CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 13 not not RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 14 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 15 96 96 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 16 h h NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 17 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 18 room room NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 19 temperature temperature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1670 20 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 1 However however RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 2 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 3 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 4 percentage percentage NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 5 infectivity infectivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 6 decreased decrease VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 7 progressively progressively RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 8 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 10 aging aging NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 13 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 14 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 15 increased increase VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 16 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 17 room room NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 18 temperature temperature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1671 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 1 On on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 3 basis basis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 5 reactions reaction NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 6 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 7 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 8 hosts host NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 9 PVP-38 PVP-38 NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 10 Identification Identification NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 11 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 12 Characterization characterization NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 14 Potyvirus Potyvirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 15 Infected Infected NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1672 16 Chilli Chilli NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1673 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1673 2 Capsicul Capsicul NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1673 3 annum annum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1673 4 L l NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 3 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 4 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 5 caused cause VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 6 mild mild JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 7 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 8 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 9 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 10 mottling mottling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 11 symptom symptom NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 12 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 13 leaves leave NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 15 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 16 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1674 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 2 dilution dilution NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 3 end end NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 4 point point NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 6 DEP DEP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 8 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 9 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 10 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 11 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 12 found find VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 13 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 14 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 15 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 16 -3 -3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 17 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 18 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1675 19 -4 -4 ADD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 1 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 2 Longevity longevity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 3 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 4 vitro vitro FW cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 6 LIV LIV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 8 1 1 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 9 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 10 3 3 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 11 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 12 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 13 room room NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 14 temperature temperature NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 16 25 25 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 17 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 18 C C NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 20 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 21 Thermal thermal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 22 inactivation inactivation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 23 point point NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 25 TIP tip NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 27 50 50 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 28 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 29 55 55 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 30 ° ° NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 31 C c NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1676 32 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 1 Electron Electron NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 2 Microscopy Microscopy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 4 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 5 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 6 preparation preparation NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 7 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 9 presence presence NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 10 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 11 flexuous flexuous JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 12 particle particle NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 13 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 14 size size NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 15 780 780 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 16 nm nm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 17 long long JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 19 14 14 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 20 nm nm NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 21 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 22 width width NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 23 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 24 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 25 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 26 inclusions inclusion NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 27 : : : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 28 pinwheels pinwheel NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 29 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 30 scrolls scroll NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1677 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1678 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1678 2 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1678 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1678 4 transmitted transmit VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1678 5 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1678 6 sap sap NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1678 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1678 8 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1678 9 aphid aphid NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1678 10 Myzus Myzus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1678 11 persicae persicae NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1678 12 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 2 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 3 range range NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 4 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 5 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 6 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 7 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 8 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 9 species specie NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 11 restricted restrict VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 12 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 13 family family NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 14 Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 15 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 16 Solanaceae Solanaceae NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1679 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 1 On on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 2 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 3 basis basis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 4 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 5 above above IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 6 characteristic characteristic NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 8 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 9 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 10 under under IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 11 study study NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 12 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 13 identified identify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 14 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 15 Potyvirus Potyvirus NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 16 associated associate VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 17 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 18 mild mild JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 19 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 20 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 21 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 22 mottling mottling NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 23 symptom symptom NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 24 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 25 Capsicum capsicum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1680 26 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 1 Phytoplasma Phytoplasma NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 2 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 3 Grassy Grassy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 4 shoot shoot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 5 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 6 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 7 Sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 8 yellow yellow JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 9 leaf leaf NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 10 viruses virus NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 11 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 12 important important JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 13 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 14 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 15 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1681 16 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1682 1 These these DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1682 2 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1682 3 are be VBP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1682 4 causing cause VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1682 5 severe severe JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1682 6 losses loss NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1682 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1682 8 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1682 9 productivity productivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1682 10 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 1 With with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 2 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 3 view view NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 4 to to IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 5 producing produce VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 6 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 7 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 8 phytoplasma phytoplasma NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 9 free free JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 10 planting planting NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 11 material material NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 12 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 13 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 14 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 15 experiments experiment NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 16 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 17 undertaken undertake VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 18 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 19 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 20 varieties variety NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 21 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 22 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 23 growing grow VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 24 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 25 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 26 farms farm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 27 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 28 Sugarcane Sugarcane NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 29 Research Research NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 30 Institute Institute NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1683 31 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 1 Apical Apical NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 2 meristems meristem NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 3 measuring measure VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 4 about about IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 5 2 2 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 6 mm mm NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 7 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 8 length length NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 9 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 10 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 11 dissected dissect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 12 out out RP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 13 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 14 surface surface NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 15 sterilized sterilize VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 17 cultured culture VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 18 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 19 agar agar NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 20 gelled gel VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 21 Murashige Murashige NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 22 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 23 Skoog Skoog NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 24 's 's POS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 26 MS MS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 28 medium medium NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 29 containing contain VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 30 growth growth NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 31 regulators regulator NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 32 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 33 shoot shoot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 34 induction induction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1684 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 2 established establish VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 3 shoot shoot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 4 cultures culture NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 5 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 6 multiplied multiply VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 7 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 8 repeated repeat VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 9 subcultures subculture NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 10 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 11 fresh fresh JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 12 media medium NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 13 at at IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 14 10 10 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 15 - - SYM cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 16 12 12 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 17 days day NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 18 interval interval NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1685 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 1 Elimination elimination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 2 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 3 GSD GSD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 4 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 5 SCYLV SCYLV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 7 confirmed confirm VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 8 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 9 molecular molecular JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 10 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 11 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 12 regenerated regenerated JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 13 plants plant NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 14 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 15 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 16 primers primer NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 17 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 18 SCYLV SCYLV NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 19 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 20 GSD GSD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1686 21 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 1 Results result NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 2 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 3 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 4 apical apical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 5 meristem meristem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 6 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 7 technique technique NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 8 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 9 effective effective JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 10 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 11 eliminating eliminate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 12 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 13 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 14 like like IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 15 SCYLV SCYLV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 16 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 17 Phytoplasma Phytoplasma NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 19 GSD GSD NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 21 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 22 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 23 infected infected JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 24 clones clone NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1687 25 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 1 This this DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 2 is be VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 3 probably probably RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 5 first first JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 6 report report NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 7 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 8 elimination elimination NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 10 Grassy Grassy NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 11 shoot shoot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 12 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 13 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 14 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 15 through through IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 16 meristem meristem NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 17 culture culture NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1688 18 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 1 Papaya papaya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 2 ringspot ringspot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 3 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 5 PRSV PRSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 7 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 8 which which WDT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 9 causes cause VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 11 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 12 widespread widespread JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 13 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 14 devastating devastating JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 15 disease disease NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 16 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 17 papaya papaya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 18 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 19 isolates isolate NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 20 originating originate VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 21 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 22 different different JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 23 geographical geographical JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 24 regions region NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 25 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 26 south south JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 27 India India NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 28 were be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 29 collected collect VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 30 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 31 maintained maintain VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 32 on on IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 33 natural natural JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 34 host host NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 35 papaya papaya NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1689 36 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 2 entire entire JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 3 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 4 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 6 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 8 gene gene NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 9 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 10 Papaya Papaya NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 11 ringspot ringspot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 12 virus virus NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 13 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 14 P p NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 15 biotype biotype NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 17 PRSV PRSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 18 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 19 P P NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 21 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 22 amplified amplify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 23 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 24 reverse reverse JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 25 transcription transcription NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 26 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 27 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 28 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 29 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 31 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 32 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 33 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1690 35 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 2 amplicon amplicon NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 3 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 4 inserted insert VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 5 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 6 pGEM pgem JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 7 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 8 T t NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 9 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 10 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 11 T T NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 13 A a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 14 cloning cloning NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 15 method method NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 16 , , , cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 17 sequenced sequence VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 18 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 19 sub sub NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 20 cloned clone VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 21 into into IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 22 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 23 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 24 expression expression NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 25 vector vector NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 26 pRSET pRSET NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 27 - - : cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 28 A a NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 29 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 30 directional directional JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 31 cloning cloning NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 32 strategy strategy NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1691 33 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 2 PRSV PRSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 3 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 4 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 5 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 6 over over RB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 7 expressed express VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 8 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 9 fusion fusion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 10 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 11 in in IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 12 E. E. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 13 coli coli NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1692 14 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 1 SDS SDS NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 3 PAGE PAGE NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 4 gel gel NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 5 revealed reveal VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 6 that that IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 7 CP CP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 8 expressed express VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 9 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 10 a a DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 11 * * NFP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 12 40 40 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 13 kDa kDa NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 14 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1693 15 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 2 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 3 coat coat NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 4 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 6 rCP rCP NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 8 fused fuse VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 9 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 10 69 69 CD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 11 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 13 tag tag NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 14 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 15 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 16 from from IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 17 E. E. NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 18 coli coli NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 19 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 20 Ni Ni NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 21 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 22 NTA NTA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 23 resin resin NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1694 24 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 2 antigenicity antigenicity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 3 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 4 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 5 fusion fusion NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 6 protein protein NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 7 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 8 determined determine VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 9 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 10 western western JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 11 blot blot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 12 analysis analysis NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 13 using use VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 14 antibodies antibody NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 15 raised raise VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 16 against against IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 17 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 18 PRSV PRSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1695 19 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 2 purified purify VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 3 rCP rcp NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 5 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 6 as as IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 7 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 8 antigen antigen NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 9 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 10 produce produce VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 11 high high JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 12 titer titer NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 13 PRSV PRSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 14 specific specific JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 15 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 16 antiserum antiserum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1696 17 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 1 The the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 2 resulting result VBG cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 3 antiserum antiserum NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 4 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 5 used use VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 6 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 7 develop develop VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 8 an an DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 9 immunocapture immunocapture JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 10 reverse reverse NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 11 transcription transcription NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 12 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 13 polymerase polymerase NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 14 chain chain NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 15 reaction reaction NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 17 IC IC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 18 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 19 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 20 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 21 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 23 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 25 compared compare VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 26 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 27 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 28 levels level NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 29 with with IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 30 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 31 based base VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 32 assays assay NNS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 33 for for IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 34 detection detection NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 35 of of IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 36 PRSV PRSV NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 37 isolates isolate VBZ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1697 38 . . . cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 1 IC IC NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 2 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 3 RT RT NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 4 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 5 PCR PCR NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 6 was be VBD cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 7 shown show VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 8 to to TO cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 9 be be VB cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 10 the the DT cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 11 most most RBS cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 12 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 13 test test NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 14 followed follow VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 15 by by IN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 16 dot dot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 17 - - HYPH cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 18 blot blot NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 19 immunobinding immunobinding NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 20 assay assay NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 22 DBIA DBIA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 24 and and CC cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 25 plate plate NN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 26 trapped trap VBN cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 27 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-014462-11ggaqf1 1698 28 . . .