id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-332270-fusfdkjw	Lukiw, Walter J.	Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and the Application of Precision Medicine	2020-09-21		.txt	text/plain	5193	198	29	The ongoing search for valid biomarkers for AD is being carried out globally in at least a dozen major geriatric, bioinformatic, neurobiological, neuro-genetic and neurological bioscience arenas: (i) those involving the age, gender, and geriatrics of the 'prospectiveAD patient'; (ii) in the genetics and epigenetics of the AD patient including messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) signaling patterns, complexity and genomic methylation research; (iii) in multiple biofluids from AD patients including the blood (plasma/serum) of the systemic circulation, the glymphatic system, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or urine; (iv); through the detailed analysis of molecular cargos from both biofluids and tissue-compartmentalized exosomes and extracellular microvesicles (EXs and EMVs); (v) throughout the peripheral nervous system (PNS; typically using skin biopsies); (vi) via clinically-based geriatric, psychiatric, and neurological assessment and testing; (vii) via advances in neuro-radiological labeling techniques and neuroimaging technologies including CAT, PET, PET-SN, MRI, fMRI; UHF-MRI, DOT, MEG, SPECT, cranial ultrasound, functional ultrasound (fUS) imaging, and immunohistochemistry involving confocal laser scanning microscopy and other advanced microscopic and neuroimaging techniques; (viii) from the quantitation and characterization of the load of microbial and microbial-derived components in the AD-affected brain; (ix) via the identification, quantitation, and characterization of AD-specific lesions including amyloid peptide-enriched SPs and NFTs; (x) after post-mortem examination and biopsies of AD cases, again matched up against those same biomarkers in age-and gender-matched neurologically normal controls to corroborate the prospective diagnosis of AD; (xi) via the comprehensive analysis of the potential contribution of overlapping progressive, age-related neurological disorders to AD-type change; and lastly (xii), through the assessment of the socioeconomic, environmental, and lifestyle factors of the 'prospectiveAD patient' ( Table 1 ).	./cache/cord-332270-fusfdkjw.txt	./txt/cord-332270-fusfdkjw.txt