id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-001309-gdc2e40t	Muramoto, Osamu	Retrospective diagnosis of a famous historical figure: ontological, epistemic, and ethical considerations	2014-05-28		.txt	text/plain	12477	511	39	It discusses ontological and epistemic challenges raised in the humanities and social sciences, and attempts to systematically reply to their criticisms from the viewpoint of clinical medicine, philosophy of medicine, particularly the ontology of disease and the epistemology of diagnosis, and medical ethics. While the term "diagnosis" is used, the main endeavor of these medical historians and paleopathologists is the scientific identification of a historical disease, not so much of diagnosing a particular individual patient by analyzing a complex life-long history of illness. I will show that the critics' skepticism of retrospective diagnosis regarding the ontological persistence of disease entities and the epistemic non-verification through diagnostic testing originates in the erroneous conflation of the taxonomy Table 1 Different meanings and concepts of "retrospective diagnosis" of diseases (nosology) and the act of diagnosing.	./cache/cord-001309-gdc2e40t.txt	./txt/cord-001309-gdc2e40t.txt