key: cord-308473-x2tfx8l9 authors: Zhang, Xiu-jie; Shi, Tie-ying; Sun, Li title: COVID-19: What is next for nursing in public health emergency? date: 2020-06-12 journal: Nurse Educ Pract DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102821 sha: doc_id: 308473 cord_uid: x2tfx8l9 nan More than 2.8 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 have now been reported to WHO, including more than 198,668 deaths, resulting in a public health emergency that has swept the world (WHO., 2020). In the global reaction, everyone from front-line white soldiers to ordinary citizens is playing a different role (Lin et al., 2020) . Nurses provide care for patients with both mild illness and critical illness. There is an old saying in China, three points of treatment, seven points of nursing. When the Crimean war broke out in 1853, the casualty rate was 42 percent. Nightingale, the "Lantern goddess", led a team of 38 nurses to the front line. The death rate of the wounded was reduced to 2%, which laid the foundation for the development of nursing. In China, a total of 42,000 health care providers have been sent to Hubei to support of patients with COVID-19, of whom 28,600 were nurses (68% of total as of 29 February) (SCJDCMPC., 2020). Usually unknown nurses have become the main force in the white soldiers. Non-pharmaceutical interventions remain central for management of COVID-19 because there are no licensed vaccines or coronavirus antivirals (Heymann et al., 2020) . The basic and essential strategies remain the early detection, early diagnosis, early isolation, and early treatment of the disease , in which nurses, especially public health nurses, play an important role (Kelly., 2018) . COVID -19 patients with severe symptoms need disease observation, specimen collection, treatment plan implementation and elaborate care, especially for those who are critically ill. Intensive care specialist nurses closely monitor patients' vital signs and pay attention to their respiratory circulation. On the other hand, the management of artificial airway, First, it is important to strengthen the training of specialized nursing talents, broaden the nursing professional field, and carry out education and training on public health emergencies. In addition, teams should be set up in large medical institutions to deal with public health emergencies, and regular training and drills should be conducted to provide technical personnel reserve for dealing with public health emergencies. Second, nurses should work quickly with other disciplines to build effective response teams and complete tasks successfully. Third, the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia is based on prevention, and science popularization education is crucial in prevention. Therefore, nurses can use media publicity to education and raise people's awareness of the epidemic hazards and prevention and control. Fourth, during care from isolation of patients with mild illness to critical illness of a COVID-19 3 pneumonia patient, compassionate nursing runs through humanistic care. Fifth, as most valuable resource against COVID-19, health workers should be concerned about their physical and mental health (The Lancet., 2020). Finally, nurses play multiple roles, such as caregiver, educator, patient advocate, administrator, collaborator, coordinator, and researcher (Li., 2017) , so continued effort is important to strengthen the training of nursing, broaden the research field, for the future prevention and care of COVID-19 to provide evidences. Xiujie Zhang, Tie-ying Shi*, Li Sun Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses WHO Scientific and Technical Advisory Group for Infectious Hazards. COVID-19: what is next for public health? Don't rush to deploy COVID-19 vaccines and drugs without sufficient safety guarantees Nurses and global health Diverse roles for nurses. Chinese health talents A conceptual model for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, China with individual reaction and governmental action Nurses played an important role in the medical treatment of the 2019-nCoV Global surveillance for human infection with novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA What to do next to control the 2019-nCoV epidemic?