id sid tid token lemma pos cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 1 key key JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 2 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 3 cord-347109-vgubi2k8 cord-347109-vgubi2k8 NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 4 authors author NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 5 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 6 Okoi Okoi NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 7 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 8 Obasesam Obasesam NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 9 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 10 Bwawa Bwawa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 11 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 12 Tatenda Tatenda NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 13 title title NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 1 14 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 1 How how WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 2 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 3 inequality inequality NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 4 affect affect VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 5 responses response NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 6 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 7 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 8 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 9 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 10 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 11 Sub Sub NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 12 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 13 Saharan Saharan NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 14 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 15 date date NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 16 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 17 2020 2020 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 18 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 19 07 07 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 20 - - SYM cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 21 10 10 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 22 journal journal NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 2 23 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 3 1 World World NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 3 2 Dev Dev NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 3 3 DOI DOI NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 3 4 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 3 5 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 3 6 / / SYM cord-347109-vgubi2k8 3 7 j.worlddev.2020.105067 j.worlddev.2020.105067 NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 3 8 sha sha NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 3 9 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 4 1 75d203c3b616d7db1bc565224592d4ee38798e0e 75d203c3b616d7db1bc565224592d4ee38798e0e LS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 4 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 4 3 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 5 1 347109 347109 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 5 2 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 5 3 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 5 4 vgubi2k8 vgubi2k8 . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 2 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 3 outbreak outbreak NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 4 has have VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 5 infected infect VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 6 millions million NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 7 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 8 people people NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 9 across across IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 10 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 11 world world NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 12 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 13 caused cause VBD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 14 hundreds hundred NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 15 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 16 thousands thousand NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 17 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 18 deaths death NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 19 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 20 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 21 collapsed collapse VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 22 national national JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 23 economies economy NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 6 24 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 1 Recognizing recognize VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 2 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 3 importance importance NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 4 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 5 handwashing handwashing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 6 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 7 preventing prevent VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 8 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 9 spread spread NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 10 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 11 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 12 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 13 concerns concern NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 14 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 15 arisen arise VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 16 about about IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 17 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 18 condition condition NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 19 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 20 millions million NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 21 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 22 Africans Africans NNPS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 23 who who WP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 24 lack lack VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 25 access access NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 26 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 27 hygiene hygiene NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 28 facilities facility NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 29 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 30 clean clean JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 31 water water NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 32 services service NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 7 33 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 1 This this DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 2 paper paper NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 3 compiles compile VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 4 evidence evidence NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 5 from from IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 6 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 7 WHO WHO NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 8 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 9 UNICEF UNICEF NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 10 data datum NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 11 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 12 show show VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 13 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 14 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 15 disparities disparity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 16 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 17 limit limit VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 18 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 19 capacity capacity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 20 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 21 African african JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 22 countries country NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 23 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 24 effectively effectively RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 25 address address VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 26 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 27 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 28 disease disease NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 29 along along IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 30 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 31 recommendations recommendation NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 32 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 33 addressing address VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 34 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 35 challenge challenge NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 8 36 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 1 Since since IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 2 January January NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 3 2020 2020 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 4 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 5 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 6 novel novel JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 9 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 11 outbreak outbreak NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 12 has have VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 13 infected infect VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 14 millions million NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 15 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 16 people people NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 17 globally globally RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 18 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 19 caused cause VBD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 20 hundreds hundred NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 21 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 22 thousands thousand NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 23 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 24 deaths death NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 25 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 26 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 27 collapsed collapse VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 28 national national JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 29 economies economy NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 9 30 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 1 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 2 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 3 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 4 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 5 disease disease NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 6 transmitted transmit VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 7 human human NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 8 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 9 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 10 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 11 human human NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 12 primarily primarily RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 13 through through IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 14 direct direct JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 15 contact contact NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 16 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 17 an an DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 18 infected infected JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 19 person person NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 20 or or CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 21 via via IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 23 droplets droplet NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 24 released release VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 25 as as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 26 an an DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 27 infected infected JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 28 person person NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 29 sneezes sneeze VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 30 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 31 coughs cough NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 32 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 33 or or CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 34 talks talk NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 36 Offord Offord NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 37 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 38 2020 2020 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 39 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 40 WHO who WP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 41 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 42 2020 2020 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 10 44 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 1 Viruses virus NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 2 contained contain VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 3 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 4 these these DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 5 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 6 droplets droplet NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 7 can can MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 8 easily easily RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 9 infect infect VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 10 other other JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 11 people people NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 12 when when WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 13 they -PRON- PRP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 14 land land VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 15 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 16 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 17 nose nose NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 18 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 19 eyes eye NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 20 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 21 or or CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 22 mouth mouth NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 23 or or CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 24 are be VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 25 transferred transfer VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 26 there there RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 27 by by IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 28 people people NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 29 touching touch VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 30 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 31 faces face NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 32 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 33 contaminated contaminated JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 34 hands hand NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 36 Offord Offord NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 37 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 38 2020 2020 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 11 40 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 1 There there EX cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 2 are be VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 3 ongoing ongoing JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 4 efforts effort NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 5 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 6 understand understand VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 7 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 8 pathological pathological JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 9 features feature NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 10 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 11 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 12 disease disease NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 13 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 14 develop develop VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 15 measures measure NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 16 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 17 prevent prevent VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 18 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 19 community community NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 20 spread spread NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 12 21 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 1 So so RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 2 far far RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 3 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 4 scientists scientist NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 5 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 6 compiled compile VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 7 evidence evidence NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 8 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 9 explain explain VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 10 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 11 human human NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 12 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 13 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 14 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 15 human human JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 16 transmission transmission NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 17 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 18 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 20 Paules Paules NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 21 et et FW cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 22 al al NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 23 . . NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 24 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 25 2020 2020 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 27 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 28 how how WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 29 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 30 disease disease NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 31 spreads spread VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 32 via via IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 33 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 34 carriers carrier NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 36 Chan Chan NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 37 et et NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 38 al al NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 39 . . NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 40 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 41 2020 2020 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 13 43 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 14 1 Lu Lu NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 14 2 et et FW cord-347109-vgubi2k8 14 3 al al NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 14 4 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 2 2020 2020 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 4 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 5 examined examine VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 6 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 7 potential potential JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 8 route route NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 9 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 10 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 11 transmission transmission NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 12 by by IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 13 studying study VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 14 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 15 airflow airflow NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 16 inside inside IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 17 an an DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 18 airconditioned airconditione VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 19 restaurant restaurant NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 20 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 21 Guangzhou Guangzhou NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 22 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 23 China China NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 15 24 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 2 study study NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 3 traces trace VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 4 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 5 most most RBS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 6 likely likely JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 7 cause cause NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 8 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 9 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 10 outbreak outbreak NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 11 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 12 droplet droplet VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 13 transmission transmission NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 14 from from IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 15 airconditioned airconditioned JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 16 ventilation ventilation NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 17 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 18 which which WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 19 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 20 key key JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 21 factor factor NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 22 was be VBD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 23 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 24 direction direction NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 25 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 26 airflow airflow NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 16 27 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 1 Despite despite IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 2 this this DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 3 evidence evidence NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 4 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 5 ' ' '' cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 6 ' ' '' cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 7 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 8 mechanism mechanism NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 9 by by IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 10 which which WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 11 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 12 carriers carrier NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 13 could could MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 14 acquire acquire VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 15 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 16 transmit transmit VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 17 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 18 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 19 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 20 causes cause VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 21 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 22 requires require VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 23 further further JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 24 study study NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 25 " " '' cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 27 Bai Bai NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 28 et et FW cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 29 al al NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 30 . . NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 31 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 17 32 2020 2020 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 18 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 18 2 Bai Bai NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 18 3 et et FW cord-347109-vgubi2k8 18 4 al al NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 18 5 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 19 1 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 19 2 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 19 3 p. p. NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 19 4 1407 1407 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 19 5 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 1 Recognizing recognize VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 2 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 3 importance importance NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 4 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 5 handwashing handwashing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 6 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 7 preventing prevent VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 8 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 9 spread spread NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 10 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 11 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 12 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 13 concerns concern NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 14 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 15 arisen arise VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 16 about about IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 17 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 18 condition condition NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 19 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 20 millions million NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 21 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 22 Africans Africans NNPS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 23 who who WP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 24 lack lack VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 25 access access NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 26 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 27 hygiene hygiene NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 28 facilities facility NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 29 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 30 clean clean JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 31 water water NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 32 services service NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 20 33 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 2 purpose purpose NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 3 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 4 this this DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 5 paper paper NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 6 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 7 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 8 show show VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 9 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 10 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 11 disparities disparity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 12 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 13 limit limit VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 14 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 15 capacity capacity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 16 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 17 Africans Africans NNPS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 18 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 19 effectively effectively RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 20 address address VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 21 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 22 spread spread NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 23 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 24 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 25 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 26 disease disease NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 27 using use VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 28 evidence evidence NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 29 from from IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 30 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 31 WHO WHO NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 32 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 33 UNICEF UNICEF NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 34 household household NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 35 data datum NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 21 36 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 2 analysis analysis NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 3 reveals reveal VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 4 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 5 challenging challenging JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 6 context context NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 7 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 8 mitigating mitigate VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 9 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 10 spread spread NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 11 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 12 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 13 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 14 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 15 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 16 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 17 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 18 Saharan Saharan NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 19 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 20 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 21 given give VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 22 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 23 disparities disparity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 24 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 25 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 26 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 27 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 28 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 29 conditions condition NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 30 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 31 which which WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 32 they -PRON- PRP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 33 arise arise VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 22 34 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 2 present present VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 3 three three CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 4 policy policy NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 5 options option NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 6 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 7 preventing prevent VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 8 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 9 spread spread NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 10 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 11 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 12 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 13 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 14 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 15 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 16 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 17 Saharan saharan JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 18 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 23 19 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 1 Various various JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 2 governments government NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 3 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 4 developed develop VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 5 policies policy NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 6 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 7 address address VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 8 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 9 inequality inequality NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 10 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 11 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 12 social social JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 13 determinants determinant NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 15 Owusu Owusu NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 16 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 17 Addo Addo NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 18 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 19 Renzaho Renzaho NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 20 & & CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 21 Smith Smith NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 22 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 23 2020 2020 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 24 25 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 1 Academics academic NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 2 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 3 practitioners practitioner NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 4 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 5 given give VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 6 considerable considerable JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 7 attention attention NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 8 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 9 efforts effort NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 10 aimed aim VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 11 at at IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 12 improving improve VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 13 overall overall JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 14 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 15 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 16 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 17 reducing reduce VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 18 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 19 burden burden NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 20 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 21 diseases disease NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 22 as as RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 23 well well RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 24 as as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 25 eliminating eliminate VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 26 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 27 disparities disparity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 28 based base VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 29 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 30 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 31 status status NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 32 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 33 race race NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 34 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 35 geography geography NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 36 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 37 gender gender NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 38 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 39 ethnicity ethnicity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 41 Arcaya Arcaya NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 42 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 43 Arcaya Arcaya NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 44 & & CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 45 Subramanian Subramanian NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 46 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 47 2015 2015 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 48 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 49 Balaj Balaj NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 50 et et NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 51 al al NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 52 . . NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 53 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 54 2017 2017 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 55 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 56 Devaux Devaux NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 57 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 58 2015 2015 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 59 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 60 Graham Graham NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 61 & & CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 62 Kelly Kelly NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 63 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 64 2004 2004 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 65 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 66 Hu Hu NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 67 et et FW cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 68 al al NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 69 . . NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 70 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 71 2016 2016 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 25 72 ; ; . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 26 1 Kilbourne Kilbourne NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 26 2 et et FW cord-347109-vgubi2k8 26 3 al al NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 26 4 . . NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 26 5 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 26 6 2006 2006 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 26 7 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 26 8 Whitehead Whitehead NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 26 9 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 26 10 2007 2007 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 26 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 26 12 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 1 Omotoso Omotoso NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 2 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 3 Koch Koch NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 5 2018 2018 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 7 contend contend VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 8 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 9 however however RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 10 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 11 that that IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 12 despite despite IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 13 significant significant JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 14 efforts effort NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 15 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 16 address address VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 17 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 18 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 19 issues issue NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 20 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 21 aggravate aggravate VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 22 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 23 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 24 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 25 strikhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105067 strikhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105067 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 26 0305 0305 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 27 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 27 28 750X/ 750x/ CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 28 1 Ó Ó NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 28 2 2020 2020 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 28 3 Elsevier Elsevier NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 28 4 Ltd. Ltd. NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 28 5 All all DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 28 6 rights right NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 28 7 reserved reserve VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 28 8 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 1 ing ing DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 2 disparities disparity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 3 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 4 ' ' '' cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 5 ' ' '' cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 6 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 7 status status NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 8 still still RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 9 exists exist VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 10 within within IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 11 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 12 among among IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 13 countries country NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 14 " " '' cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 16 p. p. NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 17 1 1 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 29 19 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 2 can can MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 3 not not RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 4 ignore ignore VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 5 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 6 importance importance NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 7 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 8 making make VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 9 hygiene hygiene NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 10 services service NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 11 accessible accessible JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 12 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 13 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 14 populations population NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 15 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 16 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 17 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 18 Saharan saharan JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 19 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 30 20 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 1 As as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 2 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 3 WHO WHO NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 4 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 5 UNICEF UNICEF NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 6 data datum NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 7 reveals reveal VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 8 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 9 about about RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 10 370 370 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 11 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 12 Africans Africans NNPS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 13 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 14 no no DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 15 basic basic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 16 handwashing handwashing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 17 facility facility NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 19 see see VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 20 Fig Fig NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 21 . . NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 22 1 1 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 31 24 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 1 In in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 2 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 3 Democratic Democratic NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 4 Republic Republic NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 5 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 6 Congo Congo NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 7 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 8 over over IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 9 68 68 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 10 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 11 people people NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 12 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 13 more more JJR cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 14 than than IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 15 three three CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 16 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 17 quarters quarter NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 18 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 19 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 20 country country NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 21 's 's POS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 22 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 23 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 24 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 25 no no DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 26 handwashing handwashing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 27 facilities facility NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 32 28 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 2 situation situation NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 3 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 4 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 5 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 6 an an DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 7 oil oil NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 8 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 9 rich rich JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 10 country country NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 11 where where WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 12 nearly nearly RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 13 50 50 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 14 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 15 people people NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 16 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 17 no no DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 18 handwashing handwashing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 19 facilities facility NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 20 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 21 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 22 unspeakable unspeakable JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 33 23 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 1 Health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 2 disparities disparity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 3 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 4 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 5 affect affect VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 6 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 7 distribution distribution NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 8 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 9 water water NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 10 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 11 hygiene hygiene NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 12 services service NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 13 among among IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 14 poor poor JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 15 populations population NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 16 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 17 which which WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 18 can can MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 19 lead lead VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 20 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 21 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 22 disproportionate disproportionate JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 23 impact impact NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 24 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 25 public public JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 26 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 27 outcomes outcome NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 28 during during IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 29 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 30 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 31 outbreak outbreak NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 32 such such JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 33 as as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 34 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 34 35 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 1 Ethiopia Ethiopia NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 2 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 3 another another DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 4 country country NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 5 where where WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 6 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 7 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 8 disparity disparity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 9 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 10 appalling appalling JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 11 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 12 as as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 13 43 43 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 14 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 15 people people NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 16 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 17 no no DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 18 handwashing handwashing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 19 facility facility NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 21 see see VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 22 Fig Fig NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 23 . . NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 24 1 1 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 35 26 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 2 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 3 disparities disparity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 4 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 5 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 6 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 7 Saharan Saharan NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 8 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 9 are be VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 10 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 11 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 12 small small JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 13 countries country NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 14 such such JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 15 as as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 16 Rwanda Rwanda NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 17 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 18 Angola Angola NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 19 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 20 Zambia Zambia NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 21 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 22 Togo Togo NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 23 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 24 Senegal Senegal NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 25 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 26 Chad Chad NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 27 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 28 Liberia Liberia NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 29 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 30 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 31 Sierra Sierra NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 32 Leone Leone NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 33 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 34 where where WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 35 more more JJR cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 36 than than IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 37 half half PDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 38 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 39 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 40 lack lack VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 41 handwashing handwash VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 42 facilities facility NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 36 43 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 1 For for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 2 example example NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 3 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 4 10 10 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 5 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 6 Rwandans Rwandans NNPS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 7 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 8 17 17 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 9 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 10 Angolans Angolans NNPS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 11 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 12 9.9 9.9 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 13 Zambian zambian JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 14 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 15 6 6 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 16 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 17 Togolese Togolese NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 18 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 19 4.6 4.6 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 20 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 21 Liberians Liberians NNPS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 22 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 23 8.5 8.5 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 24 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 25 Senegalese senegalese JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 26 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 27 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 28 4.4 4.4 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 29 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 30 Sierra Sierra NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 31 Leoneans Leoneans NNPS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 32 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 33 no no DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 34 handwashing handwashing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 35 facilities facility NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 37 see see VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 38 Fig Fig NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 39 . . NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 40 1 1 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 37 42 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 1 In in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 2 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 3 small small JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 4 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 5 low low JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 6 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 7 income income NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 8 country country NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 9 like like IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 10 Liberia Liberia NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 11 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 12 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 13 5.1 5.1 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 14 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 15 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 16 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 17 4.6 4.6 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 18 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 19 people people NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 20 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 21 representing represent VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 22 90 90 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 23 percent percent NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 24 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 25 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 26 country country NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 27 's 's POS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 28 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 29 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 30 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 31 no no DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 32 handwashing handwashing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 33 facilities facility NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 38 34 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 1 Equally equally RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 2 important important JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 3 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 4 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 5 small small JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 6 country country NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 7 like like IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 8 Sao Sao NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 9 Tome Tome NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 10 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 11 Principe Principe NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 12 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 13 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 14 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 15 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 16 211,000 211,000 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 17 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 18 which which WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 19 three three CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 20 quarters quarter NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 21 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 22 urban urban JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 23 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 24 yet yet CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 25 where where WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 26 about about RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 27 92,000-nearly 92,000-nearly CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 28 half half NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 29 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 30 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 31 country country NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 32 's 's POS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 33 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 34 - - , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 35 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 36 no no DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 37 handwashing handwashing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 38 facilities facility NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 39 39 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 1 Water water NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 2 scarcity scarcity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 3 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 4 another another DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 5 public public JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 6 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 7 challenge challenge NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 8 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 9 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 10 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 11 Saharan Saharan NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 12 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 13 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 14 where where WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 15 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 16 staggering staggering JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 17 495 495 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 18 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 19 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 20 had have VBD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 21 no no DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 22 access access NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 23 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 24 piped pipe VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 25 drinking drinking NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 26 water water NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 27 between between IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 28 2000 2000 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 29 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 30 2017 2017 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 40 31 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 1 In in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 2 2017 2017 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 3 alone alone RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 4 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 5 about about RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 6 416 416 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 7 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 8 Africans Africans NNPS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 9 did do VBD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 10 not not RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 11 have have VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 12 access access NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 13 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 14 piped pipe VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 15 drinking drinking NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 16 water water NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 18 Fig Fig NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 19 . . NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 20 2 2 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 41 22 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 2 disparity disparity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 3 between between IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 4 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 5 demand demand NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 6 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 7 drinking drinking NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 8 water water NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 9 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 10 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 11 availability availability NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 12 has have VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 13 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 14 disproportionate disproportionate JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 15 impact impact NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 16 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 17 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 18 poor poor JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 42 19 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 1 Socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 2 differences difference NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 3 determine determine VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 4 which which WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 5 populations population NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 6 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 7 access access NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 8 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 9 water water NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 10 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 11 hygiene hygiene NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 12 services service NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 13 or or CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 14 denied deny VBD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 15 these these DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 16 services service NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 43 17 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 2 disparity disparity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 3 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 4 handwashing handwash VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 5 facility facility NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 6 coverage coverage NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 7 across across IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 8 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 9 - - NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 10 Saharan Saharan NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 11 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 12 paints paint VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 13 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 14 disturbing disturbing JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 15 picture picture NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 16 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 17 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 18 inequality inequality NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 19 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 20 reveals reveal VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 21 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 22 vulnerability vulnerability NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 23 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 24 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 25 poor poor JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 26 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 27 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 28 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 29 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 44 30 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 1 As as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 2 Abdullahi Abdullahi NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 4 2020 2020 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 6 notes note NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 7 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 8 poverty poverty NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 9 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 10 rooted root VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 11 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 12 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 13 deprivation deprivation NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 14 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 15 people people NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 16 's 's POS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 17 access access NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 18 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 19 necessities necessity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 20 such such JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 21 as as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 22 healthcare healthcare NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 23 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 24 sanitation sanitation NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 45 25 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 2 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 3 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 4 impact impact NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 5 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 6 poverty poverty NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 7 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 8 countries country NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 9 where where WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 10 existing exist VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 11 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 12 inequities inequity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 13 may may MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 14 exacerbate exacerbate VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 15 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 16 vulnerability vulnerability NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 17 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 18 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 19 poor poor JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 20 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 21 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 22 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 23 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 24 remains remain VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 25 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 26 critical critical JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 27 challenge challenge NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 46 28 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 1 In in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 2 2018 2018 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 3 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 4 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 5 Brookings Brookings NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 6 Institution Institution NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 7 released release VBD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 8 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 9 global global JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 10 poverty poverty NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 11 projections projection NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 12 based base VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 13 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 14 data datum NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 15 from from IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 16 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 17 World World NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 18 Poverty Poverty NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 19 Clock Clock NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 20 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 21 which which WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 22 shows show VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 23 that that IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 24 Africans Africans NNPS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 25 account account VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 26 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 27 two two CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 28 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 29 thirds third NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 30 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 31 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 32 more more JJR cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 33 than than IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 34 643 643 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 35 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 36 people people NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 37 across across IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 38 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 39 world world NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 40 living live VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 41 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 42 extreme extreme JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 43 poverty poverty NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 47 44 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 2 worst worst RBS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 3 affected affected JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 4 countries country NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 5 are be VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 6 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 8 87 87 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 9 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 11 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 12 Democratic Democratic NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 13 Republic Republic NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 14 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 15 Congo Congo NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 17 60 60 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 18 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 20 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 21 Ethiopia Ethiopia NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 23 23.9 23.9 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 24 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 26 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 27 Tanzania Tanzania NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 29 19.9 19.9 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 30 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 32 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 33 Mozambique Mozambique NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 35 17.8 17.8 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 36 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 38 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 39 Kenya Kenya NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 41 14.7 14.7 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 42 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 44 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 45 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 46 Uganda Uganda NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 48 14.2 14.2 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 49 million million CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 51 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 52 Adebayo Adebayo NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 53 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 54 2018 2018 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 55 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 56 Kharas Kharas NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 57 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 58 Hamel Hamel NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 59 & & CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 60 Hofer Hofer NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 61 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 62 2018 2018 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 63 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 48 64 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 2 failure failure NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 3 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 4 an an DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 5 oil oil NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 6 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 7 rich rich JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 8 country country NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 9 like like IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 10 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 11 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 12 translate translate VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 14 oil oil NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 15 wealth wealth NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 16 into into IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 17 rising rise VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 18 living living NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 19 standards standard NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 20 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 21 millions million NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 22 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 23 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 24 citizens citizen NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 25 weakens weaken VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 26 prospects prospect NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 27 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 28 populations population NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 29 living live VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 30 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 31 extreme extreme JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 32 poverty poverty NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 34 Okoi Okoi NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 35 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 36 2019 2019 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 49 38 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 1 Under under IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 2 these these DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 3 conditions condition NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 4 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 5 poverty poverty NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 6 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 7 economic economic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 8 inequality inequality NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 9 can can MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 10 increase increase VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 11 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 12 vulnerability vulnerability NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 13 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 14 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 15 poor poor JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 16 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 17 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 18 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 19 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 50 20 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 1 As as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 2 one one CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 3 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 4 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 5 world world NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 6 's 's POS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 7 most most RBS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 8 unequal unequal JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 9 regions region NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 10 regarding regard VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 11 income income NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 12 inequality inequality NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 14 Gandhi Gandhi NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 15 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 16 2017 2017 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 18 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 19 poverty poverty NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 20 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 21 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 22 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 23 Saharan Saharan NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 24 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 25 manifests manifest VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 26 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 27 significant significant JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 28 disparities disparity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 29 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 30 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 31 status status NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 33 Adeyanju Adeyanju NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 34 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 35 Tubeuf Tubeuf NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 36 & & CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 37 Ensor Ensor NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 38 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 39 2017 2017 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 40 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 41 Boutayeb Boutayeb NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 42 & & CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 43 Helmert Helmert NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 44 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 45 2011 2011 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 46 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 47 Braveman Braveman NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 48 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 49 Tarimo Tarimo NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 50 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 51 2002 2002 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 52 Marmot Marmot NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 53 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 54 2005 2005 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 55 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 56 Orach Orach NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 57 & & CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 58 Garimoi Garimoi NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 59 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 60 2009 2009 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 61 ; ; : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 62 Wagstaff Wagstaff NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 63 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 64 2000 2000 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 65 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 51 66 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 1 Because because IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 2 elders elder NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 3 are be VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 4 considered consider VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 5 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 6 most most RBS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 7 at at IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 8 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 9 risk risk NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 10 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 11 due due JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 12 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 13 pre pre VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 14 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 15 existing existing JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 16 conditions condition NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 17 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 18 economic economic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 19 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 20 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 21 manifest manifest VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 22 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 23 significant significant JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 24 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 25 disparities disparity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 26 can can MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 27 increase increase VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 28 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 29 vulnerability vulnerability NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 30 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 31 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 52 32 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 1 Cloos Cloos NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 3 2010 2010 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 5 found find VBD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 6 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 7 positive positive JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 8 relationship relationship NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 9 between between IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 10 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 11 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 12 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 13 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 14 status status NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 15 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 16 elders elder NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 17 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 18 Barbados Barbados NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 53 19 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 1 By by IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 2 implication implication NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 3 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 4 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 5 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 6 correlate correlate VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 7 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 8 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 9 social social JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 10 determinants determinant NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 11 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 12 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 14 Ataguba Ataguba NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 15 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 16 Akazili Akazili NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 17 & & CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 18 McIntyre McIntyre NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 19 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 20 2011 2011 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 22 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 23 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 24 elders elder NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 25 being be VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 26 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 27 most most RBS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 28 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 54 29 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 1 In in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 2 African african JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 3 countries country NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 4 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 5 severe severe JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 6 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 7 disparities disparity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 8 arising arise VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 9 from from IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 10 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 11 factors factor NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 12 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 13 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 14 outbreak outbreak NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 15 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 16 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 17 can can MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 18 have have VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 19 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 20 devastating devastating JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 21 impact impact NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 22 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 23 poor poor JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 24 populations population NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 25 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 26 especially especially RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 27 elders elder NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 55 28 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 56 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 56 2 refugee refugee NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 56 3 crisis crisis NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 56 4 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 56 5 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 56 6 calls call VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 56 7 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 56 8 concern concern NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 56 9 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 2 can can MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 3 not not RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 4 ignore ignore VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 5 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 6 impact impact NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 7 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 8 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 9 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 10 millions million NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 11 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 12 Africans Africans NNPS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 13 who who WP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 14 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 15 been be VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 16 displaced displace VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 17 by by IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 18 conflict conflict NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 19 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 20 terrorism terrorism NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 21 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 22 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 23 persecution persecution NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 57 24 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 1 In in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 2 recent recent JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 3 years year NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 4 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 5 South South NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 6 Sudan Sudan NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 7 has have VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 8 been be VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 9 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 10 origin origin NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 11 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 12 most most JJS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 13 refugee refugee NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 14 cases case NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 15 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 16 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 17 continent continent NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 18 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 19 which which WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 20 often often RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 21 produce produce VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 22 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 23 spillover spillover NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 24 effect effect NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 58 25 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 2 influx influx NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 3 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 4 South south JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 5 Sudanese sudanese JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 6 refugees refugee NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 7 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 8 neighbouring neighbouring NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 9 countries country NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 10 such such JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 11 as as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 12 Uganda Uganda NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 13 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 14 Kenya Kenya NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 15 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 16 Ethiopia Ethiopia NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 17 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 18 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 19 Democratic Democratic NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 20 Republic Republic NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 21 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 22 Congo Congo NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 24 DRC DRC NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 26 impose impose VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 27 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 28 humanitarian humanitarian JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 29 burden burden NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 30 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 31 these these DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 32 countries country NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 59 33 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 2 complex complex JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 3 humanitarian humanitarian JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 4 challenge challenge NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 5 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 6 displacement displacement NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 7 poses pose VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 8 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 9 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 10 continent continent NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 11 aggravates aggravate VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 12 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 13 disparities disparity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 14 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 15 render render VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 16 millions million NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 17 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 18 displaced displace VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 19 per- per- DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 20 sons son NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 21 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 22 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 23 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 24 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 25 disease disease NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 60 26 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 2 argue argue VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 3 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 4 therefore therefore RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 5 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 6 that that IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 7 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 8 humanitarian humanitarian JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 9 challenge challenge NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 10 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 11 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 12 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 13 Saharan Saharan NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 14 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 15 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 16 likely likely JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 17 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 18 increase increase VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 19 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 20 risk risk NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 21 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 22 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 23 disease disease NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 24 spreading spread VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 25 more more RBR cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 26 easily easily RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 27 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 28 refugee refugee NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 29 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 30 displacement displacement NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 31 camps camp NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 32 where where WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 33 millions million NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 34 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 35 people people NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 36 are be VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 37 living live VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 38 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 39 unhealthy unhealthy JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 40 conditions condition NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 61 41 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 1 This this DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 2 paper paper NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 3 examined examine VBD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 4 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 5 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 6 inequities inequity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 7 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 8 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 9 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 10 Saharan Saharan NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 11 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 12 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 13 expose expose VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 14 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 15 populations population NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 16 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 17 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 18 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 19 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 62 20 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 1 While while IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 2 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 3 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 4 transforming transform VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 5 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 6 way way NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 7 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 8 life life NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 9 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 10 including include VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 11 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 12 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 13 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 14 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 15 unprecedented unprecedented JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 16 ways way NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 18 Lichfield Lichfield NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 19 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 20 2020 2020 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 22 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 23 containing contain VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 24 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 25 spread spread NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 26 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 27 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 28 disease disease NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 29 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 30 societies society NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 31 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 32 dysfunctional dysfunctional JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 33 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 34 systems system NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 35 raises raise VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 36 critical critical JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 37 concerns concern NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 63 38 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 1 Efforts effort NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 2 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 3 contain contain VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 4 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 5 spread spread NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 6 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 7 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 8 disease disease NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 9 would would MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 10 require require VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 11 developing develop VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 12 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 13 implementing implement VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 14 public public JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 15 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 16 interventions intervention NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 17 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 18 take take VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 19 into into IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 20 consideration consideration NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 21 concerns concern NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 22 about about IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 23 equity equity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 24 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 25 social social JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 26 justice justice NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 64 27 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 2 key key JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 3 challenge challenge NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 4 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 5 how how WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 6 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 7 translate translate VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 8 research research NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 9 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 10 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 11 social social JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 12 determinants determinant NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 13 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 14 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 15 into into IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 16 public public JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 17 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 18 practice practice NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 20 Tod Tod NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 21 & & CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 22 Hirst Hirst NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 23 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 24 2014 2014 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 65 26 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 2 research research NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 3 agenda agenda NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 4 needs need VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 5 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 6 move move VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 7 beyond beyond IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 8 documenting document VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 9 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 10 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 11 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 12 include include VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 13 efforts effort NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 14 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 15 support support VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 16 policy policy NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 17 development development NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 18 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 19 reduce reduce VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 20 inequality inequality NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 21 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 22 improve improve VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 23 healthy healthy JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 24 living living NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 25 conditions condition NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 26 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 27 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 28 most most RBS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 29 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 30 populations population NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 32 Masseria Masseria NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 33 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 34 Hernández Hernández NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 35 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 36 Quevedo Quevedo NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 37 & & CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 38 Allin Allin NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 39 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 40 2010 2010 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 66 42 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 1 As as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 2 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 3 world world NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 4 awaits await VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 5 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 6 development development NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 7 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 8 availability availability NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 9 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 10 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 11 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 12 several several JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 13 measures measure NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 14 can can MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 15 be be VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 16 undertaken undertake VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 17 at at IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 18 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 19 national national JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 20 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 21 subnational subnational JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 22 levels level NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 23 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 24 prevent prevent VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 25 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 26 worst bad JJS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 27 effect effect NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 28 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 29 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 30 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 31 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 32 poor poor JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 33 communities community NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 34 across across IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 35 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 36 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 37 Saharan saharan JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 38 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 67 39 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 68 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 68 2 propose propose VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 68 3 three three CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 68 4 policy policy NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 68 5 options option NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 68 6 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 68 7 addressing address VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 68 8 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 68 9 challenge challenge NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 68 10 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 2 human human NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 3 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 4 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 5 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 6 human human JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 7 spread spread NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 8 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 9 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 10 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 11 disease disease NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 12 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 13 preventable preventable JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 14 by by IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 15 implementing implement VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 16 measures measure NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 17 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 18 promote promote VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 19 healthy healthy JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 20 behaviours behaviour NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 21 at at IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 22 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 23 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 24 level level NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 25 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 26 culturally culturally RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 27 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 28 ways way NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 69 29 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 1 Health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 2 promotion promotion NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 3 must must MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 4 emphasize emphasize VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 5 community community NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 6 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 7 based base VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 8 interventions intervention NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 9 designed design VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 10 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 11 achieve achieve VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 12 change change NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 13 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 14 risk risk NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 15 behaviour behaviour NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 16 across across IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 17 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 70 18 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 71 1 * * NFP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 71 2 * * NFP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 71 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 71 4 Merzel Merzel NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 71 5 & & CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 71 6 D'Afflitti D'Afflitti NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 71 7 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 71 8 2003 2003 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 71 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 71 10 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 1 Such such JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 2 initiatives initiative NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 3 must must MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 4 focus focus VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 5 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 6 engaging engage VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 7 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 8 populations population NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 9 at at IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 10 risk risk NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 11 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 12 learn learn VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 13 about about IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 14 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 15 needs need NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 16 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 17 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 18 type type NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 19 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 20 interventions intervention NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 21 required require VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 22 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 23 support support VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 24 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 25 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 26 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 27 practicing practice VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 28 healthy healthy JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 29 behaviours behaviour NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 30 such such JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 31 as as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 32 physical physical JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 33 distancing distancing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 34 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 35 handwashing handwashing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 36 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 37 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 38 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 39 wearing wearing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 40 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 41 face face NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 42 mask mask NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 43 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 44 public public NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 72 45 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 1 These these DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 2 measures measure NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 3 must must MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 4 include include VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 5 organizing organize VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 6 information information NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 7 sessions session NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 8 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 9 local local JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 10 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 11 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 12 assess assess VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 13 threats threat NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 14 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 15 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 16 capacity capacity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 17 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 18 community community NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 19 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 20 institutions institution NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 73 21 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 1 There there EX cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 2 are be VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 3 rising rise VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 4 concerns concern NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 5 about about IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 6 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 7 lack lack NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 8 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 9 access access NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 10 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 11 community community NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 12 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 13 services service NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 14 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 15 support support VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 16 hygienic hygienic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 17 behaviour behaviour NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 74 18 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 2 governmentimposed governmentimposed JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 3 lockdown lockdown NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 4 measures measure NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 5 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 6 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 7 promotion promotion NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 8 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 9 handwashing handwash VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 10 behaviour behaviour NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 11 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 12 been be VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 13 counterproductive counterproductive JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 14 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 15 African african JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 16 communities community NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 17 where where WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 18 marginalized marginalize VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 19 populations population NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 20 lack lack VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 21 access access NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 22 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 23 drinking drinking NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 24 water water NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 25 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 26 handwashing handwash VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 27 facilities facility NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 28 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 29 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 30 soap soap NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 31 due due IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 32 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 33 poverty poverty NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 75 34 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 1 As as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 2 Munodawafa Munodawafa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 3 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 4 Sookram Sookram NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 5 & & CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 6 Nganda Nganda NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 8 2013 2013 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 10 noted note VBD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 11 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 12 access access NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 13 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 14 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 15 services service NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 16 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 17 key key JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 18 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 19 addressing address VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 20 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 21 prevalence prevalence NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 22 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 23 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 24 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 25 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 26 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 27 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 28 Saharan saharan JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 29 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 76 30 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 1 Improving improve VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 2 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 3 living living NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 4 conditions condition NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 5 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 6 marginalized marginalize VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 7 populations population NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 8 must must MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 9 include include VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 10 providing provide VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 11 access access NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 12 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 13 water water NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 14 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 15 handwashing handwashing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 16 facility facility NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 17 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 18 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 19 hand hand NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 20 sanitizers sanitizer NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 77 21 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 1 Governmental governmental JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 2 actors actor NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 3 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 4 responsibilities responsibility NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 5 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 6 prevent prevent VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 7 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 8 spread spread NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 9 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 10 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 11 by by IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 12 making make VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 13 these these DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 14 services service NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 15 accessible accessible JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 16 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 17 populations population NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 18 at at IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 19 risk risk NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 78 20 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 1 Pro pro JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 2 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 3 poor poor JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 4 strategies strategy NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 5 focused focus VBD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 6 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 7 improving improve VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 8 living living NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 9 conditions condition NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 10 are be VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 11 key key JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 12 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 13 addressing address VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 14 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 15 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 16 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 17 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 18 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 19 Saharan saharan JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 20 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 22 Munodawafa Munodawafa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 23 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 24 Sookram Sookram NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 25 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 26 & & CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 27 Nganda Nganda NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 28 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 29 2013 2013 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 79 31 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 2 implementation implementation NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 3 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 4 cash cash NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 5 transfer transfer NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 6 measures measure NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 7 can can MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 8 mitigate mitigate VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 9 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 10 structural structural JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 11 determinants determinant NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 12 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 13 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 14 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 15 such such JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 16 as as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 17 income income NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 18 poverty poverty NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 19 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 20 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 21 limit limit VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 22 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 23 capacity capacity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 24 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 25 marginalized marginalize VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 26 populations population NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 27 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 28 fight fight VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 29 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 30 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 31 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 80 32 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 1 When when WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 2 people people NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 3 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 4 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 5 means mean NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 6 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 7 meet meet VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 8 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 9 basic basic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 10 needs need NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 11 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 12 food food NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 13 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 14 shelter shelter NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 15 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 16 they -PRON- PRP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 17 will will MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 18 be be VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 19 encouraged encourage VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 20 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 21 engage engage VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 22 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 23 healthy healthy JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 24 behaviours behaviour NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 25 such such JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 26 as as IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 27 physical physical JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 28 distancing distancing NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 29 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 30 hygienic hygienic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 31 practices practice NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 32 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 33 will will MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 34 decrease decrease VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 35 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 36 vulnerability vulnerability NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 37 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 38 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 39 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 40 disease disease NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 81 41 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 82 1 Three three CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 82 2 things thing NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 82 3 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 82 4 must must MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 82 5 do do VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 82 6 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 82 7 end end VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 83 1 extreme extreme JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 83 2 poverty poverty NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 83 3 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 83 4 overtakes overtake VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 83 5 India India NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 83 6 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 83 7 extreme extreme JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 83 8 poverty poverty NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 83 9 ranking rank VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 83 10 Fig fig NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 83 11 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 84 1 2 2 LS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 84 2 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 85 1 Drinking drinking NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 85 2 water water NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 86 1 -Sub -Sub : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 86 2 - - : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 86 3 Saharan Saharan NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 86 4 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 86 5 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 87 1 Source source NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 87 2 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 87 3 WHO who WP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 1 -UNICEF -UNICEF NFP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 2 data datum NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 3 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 4 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 5 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 6 piped piped JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 7 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 8 non non JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 9 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 10 piped piped JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 11 drinking drinking NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 12 water water NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 13 Socio socio JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 14 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 15 economic economic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 16 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 17 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 18 access access NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 19 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 20 maternal maternal JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 21 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 22 child child NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 23 healthcare healthcare NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 24 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 25 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 26 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 27 Changes change NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 28 over over IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 29 time time NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 30 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 31 decomposition decomposition NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 32 analysis analysis NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 33 Inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 34 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 35 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 36 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 37 Definitions definition NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 38 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 39 concepts concept NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 40 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 41 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 42 theories theorie VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 43 Socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 44 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 45 related relate VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 46 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 47 inequality inequality NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 48 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 49 South South NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 50 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 51 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 52 Evidence evidence NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 53 from from IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 54 General General NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 55 Household Household NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 56 Surveys Surveys NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 57 Presumed presume VBD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 58 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 59 carrier carrier NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 60 transmission transmission NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 61 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 62 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 63 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 64 social social JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 65 determinants determinant NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 66 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 67 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 68 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 69 self self NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 70 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 71 reported report VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 72 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 73 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 74 Europe Europe NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 75 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 76 Findings finding NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 77 from from IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 78 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 79 European european JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 80 social social JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 81 survey survey NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 82 ( ( -LRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 83 2014 2014 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 88 84 ) ) -RRB- cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 1 special special JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 2 module module NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 3 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 4 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 5 social social JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 6 determinants determinant NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 7 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 8 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 9 Social social JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 10 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 11 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 12 regional regional JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 13 disparities disparity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 14 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 15 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 16 inequity inequity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 17 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 18 North north JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 19 African african JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 89 20 countries country NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 1 A a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 2 familial familial JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 3 cluster cluster NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 4 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 5 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 6 associated associate VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 7 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 8 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 9 2019 2019 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 10 novel novel NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 11 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 12 indicating indicate VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 13 person person NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 14 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 15 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 16 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 17 person person NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 18 transmission transmission NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 19 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 20 A a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 21 study study NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 22 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 23 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 24 family family NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 25 cluster cluster NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 26 Closing close VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 27 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 28 gap gap NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 29 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 30 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 31 generation generation NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 32 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 33 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 34 equity equity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 35 through through IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 36 action action NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 37 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 38 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 39 social social JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 40 determinants determinant NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 41 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 42 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 43 Income income NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 44 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 45 related relate VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 46 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 47 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 48 inequities inequity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 49 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 50 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 51 care care NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 52 services service NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 53 utilisation utilisation NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 54 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 55 18 18 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 56 selected select VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 57 OECD OECD NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 58 countries country NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 59 Figures figure NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 60 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 61 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 62 week week NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 63 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 64 Inequality inequality NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 65 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 66 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 67 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 68 education education NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 69 outcomes outcome NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 70 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 71 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 72 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 73 Saharan saharan JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 74 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 90 75 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 1 Brookings Brookings NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 2 Institution Institution NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 3 Health Health NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 4 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 5 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 6 Concepts concept NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 7 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 8 frameworks framework NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 9 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 10 policy policy NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 11 Inequality inequality NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 12 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 13 gender gender NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 14 gaps gap NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 15 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 16 economic economic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 17 growth growth NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 91 18 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 1 Comparative comparative JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 2 evidence evidence NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 3 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 4 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 5 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 6 Saharan saharan JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 7 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 8 Trends Trends NNPS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 9 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 10 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 11 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 12 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 13 self self NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 14 - - HYPH cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 15 assessed assess VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 16 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 17 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 18 17 17 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 19 European european JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 20 countries country NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 21 between between IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 22 1990 1990 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 23 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 24 2010 2010 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 25 Socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 26 differences difference NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 27 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 28 mortality mortality NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 29 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 30 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 31 antiretroviral antiretroviral JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 32 therapy therapy NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 33 era era NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 34 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 35 Agincourt Agincourt NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 36 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 37 rural rural JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 38 South South NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 39 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 40 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 41 2001 2001 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 42 - - SYM cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 43 13 13 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 44 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 45 A a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 46 population population NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 47 surveillance surveillance NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 92 48 analysis analysis NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 93 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 93 2 start start NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 93 3 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 93 4 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 93 5 new new JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 93 6 poverty poverty NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 93 7 narrative narrative NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 93 8 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 1 Brookings Brookings NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 2 Institution Institution NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 3 Advancing Advancing NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 4 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 5 disparities disparity NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 6 research research NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 7 within within IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 8 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 9 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 10 care care NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 11 system system NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 12 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 13 A a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 14 conceptual conceptual JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 94 15 framework framework NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 2 're be VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 3 not not RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 4 going go VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 5 back back RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 6 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 7 normal normal JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 8 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 9 outbreak outbreak NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 10 associated associate VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 11 with with IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 12 air air NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 13 conditioning conditioning NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 14 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 15 restaurant restaurant NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 16 Achieving achieve VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 17 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 18 equity equity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 19 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 20 From from IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 21 root root NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 22 causes cause NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 23 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 24 fair fair JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 95 25 outcomes outcome NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 96 1 Social social JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 96 2 determinants determinant NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 96 3 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 96 4 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 96 5 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 97 1 Health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 97 2 inequality inequality NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 97 3 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 98 1 What what WP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 98 2 does do VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 98 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 98 4 mean mean VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 99 1 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 99 2 how how WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 99 3 can can MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 99 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 99 5 measure measure VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 99 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 99 7 ? ? . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 1 A a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 2 strategy strategy NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 3 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 4 addressing address VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 5 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 6 key key JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 7 determinants determinant NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 8 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 9 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 10 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 11 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 12 African african JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 13 region region NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 100 14 . . . cord-347109-vgubi2k8 101 1 Brazzaville Brazzaville NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 101 2 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 101 3 WHO who WP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 101 4 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 101 5 Regional Regional NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 101 6 Office Office NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 101 7 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 101 8 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 102 1 How how WRB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 102 2 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 102 3 is be VBZ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 102 4 spread spread VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 102 5 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 102 6 paradox paradox NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 102 7 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 102 8 oil oil NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 102 9 dependency dependency NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 102 10 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 102 11 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 103 1 Assessing assess VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 103 2 changes change NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 103 3 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 103 4 social social JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 103 5 determinants determinant NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 103 6 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 103 7 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 103 8 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 103 9 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 103 10 South South NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 103 11 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 104 1 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 104 2 A a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 104 3 decomposition decomposition NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 104 4 analysis analysis NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 104 5 Health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 104 6 equity equity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 104 7 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 104 8 Challenges challenge NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 104 9 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 104 10 low low JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 104 11 income income NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 104 12 countries country NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 2 impact impact NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 3 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 4 cash cash NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 5 transfers transfer NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 6 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 7 social social JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 8 determinants determinant NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 9 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 10 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 11 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 12 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 13 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 14 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 15 sub sub JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 16 - - JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 17 Saharan saharan JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 18 Africa Africa NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 19 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 20 a a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 21 systematic systematic JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 22 review review NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 23 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 24 infections infection NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 25 - - : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 26 More More JJR cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 27 than than IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 28 just just RB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 29 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 30 common common JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 31 cold cold NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 32 Health Health NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 33 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 34 inequality inequality NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 105 35 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 1 Applying apply VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 2 public public JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 3 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 4 research research NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 5 to to IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 6 policy policy NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 7 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 8 practice practice VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 9 Research research NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 10 on on IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 11 equity equity NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 12 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 13 poverty poverty NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 14 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 15 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 16 outcomes outcome NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 106 17 : : : cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 1 Lessons lesson NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 2 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 3 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 4 developing develop VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 5 World World NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 6 A a DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 7 typology typology NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 8 of of IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 9 actions action NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 10 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 11 tackle tackle VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 12 social social JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 13 inequalities inequality NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 14 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 15 health health NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 16 Water water NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 17 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 18 sanitation sanitation NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 19 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 20 hygiene hygiene NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 21 , , , cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 22 and and CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 23 waste waste NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 24 management management NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 25 for for IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 26 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 27 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 107 28 virus virus NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 1 The the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 2 authors author NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 3 declare declare VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 4 that that IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 5 they -PRON- PRP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 6 have have VBP cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 7 no no DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 8 known know VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 9 competing compete VBG cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 10 financial financial JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 11 interests interest NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 12 or or CC cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 13 personal personal JJ cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 14 relationships relationship NNS cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 15 that that WDT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 16 could could MD cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 17 have have VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 18 appeared appear VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 19 to to TO cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 20 influence influence VB cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 21 the the DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 22 work work NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 23 reported report VBN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 24 in in IN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 25 this this DT cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 26 paper paper NN cord-347109-vgubi2k8 108 27 . . .