id sid tid token lemma pos cord-334391-0172afa1 1 1 key key JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 1 2 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 1 3 cord-334391 cord-334391 NN cord-334391-0172afa1 1 4 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 1 5 0172afa1 0172afa1 JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 1 6 authors author NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 1 7 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 1 8 Gupta Gupta NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 1 9 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 1 10 Rahul Rahul NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 1 11 title title NN cord-334391-0172afa1 1 12 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 1 13 The the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 1 14 double double RB cord-334391-0172afa1 1 15 edged edge VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 1 16 interferon interferon NN cord-334391-0172afa1 1 17 riddle riddle NN cord-334391-0172afa1 1 18 in in IN cord-334391-0172afa1 1 19 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 1 20 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-334391-0172afa1 1 21 date date NN cord-334391-0172afa1 1 22 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 1 23 2020 2020 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 1 24 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 1 25 11 11 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 1 26 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 1 27 01 01 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 1 28 journal journal NN cord-334391-0172afa1 1 29 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 2 1 Crit Crit NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 2 2 Care Care NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 2 3 DOI doi NN cord-334391-0172afa1 2 4 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 3 1 10.1186 10.1186 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 3 2 / / SYM cord-334391-0172afa1 3 3 s13054 s13054 NN cord-334391-0172afa1 3 4 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 3 5 020 020 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 3 6 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 3 7 03337-z 03337-z CD cord-334391-0172afa1 4 1 sha sha NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 4 2 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 5 1 bfaf2aef6ba737d008af511a3472dd1e45272816 bfaf2aef6ba737d008af511a3472dd1e45272816 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 5 2 doc_id doc_id NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 5 3 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 5 4 334391 334391 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 5 5 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 5 6 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 5 7 0172afa1 0172afa1 . cord-334391-0172afa1 6 1 nan nan NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 7 1 In in IN cord-334391-0172afa1 7 2 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-334391-0172afa1 7 3 recent recent JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 7 4 article article NN cord-334391-0172afa1 7 5 [ [ -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 7 6 1 1 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 7 7 ] ] -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 7 8 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 7 9 Jalkanen Jalkanen NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 7 10 et et NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 7 11 al al NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 7 12 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 8 1 discuss discuss VB cord-334391-0172afa1 8 2 about about IN cord-334391-0172afa1 8 3 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 8 4 prospective prospective JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 8 5 usage usage NN cord-334391-0172afa1 8 6 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 8 7 interferon interferon NN cord-334391-0172afa1 8 8 beta beta NN cord-334391-0172afa1 8 9 1 1 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 8 10 in in IN cord-334391-0172afa1 8 11 managing manage VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 8 12 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 8 13 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 8 14 substantiating substantiate VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 8 15 usage usage NN cord-334391-0172afa1 8 16 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 8 17 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 8 18 route route NN cord-334391-0172afa1 8 19 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 8 20 administration administration NN cord-334391-0172afa1 8 21 over over IN cord-334391-0172afa1 8 22 subcutaneous subcutaneous JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 8 23 route route NN cord-334391-0172afa1 8 24 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 9 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-334391-0172afa1 9 2 would would MD cord-334391-0172afa1 9 3 like like VB cord-334391-0172afa1 9 4 to to TO cord-334391-0172afa1 9 5 humbly humbly RB cord-334391-0172afa1 9 6 add add VB cord-334391-0172afa1 9 7 some some DT cord-334391-0172afa1 9 8 views view NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 9 9 to to IN cord-334391-0172afa1 9 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-334391-0172afa1 9 11 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 9 12 there there EX cord-334391-0172afa1 9 13 has have VBZ cord-334391-0172afa1 9 14 been be VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 9 15 two two CD cord-334391-0172afa1 9 16 varying vary VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 9 17 reported report VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 9 18 type type NN cord-334391-0172afa1 10 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-334391-0172afa1 11 1 interferon interferon NN cord-334391-0172afa1 11 2 responses response NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 11 3 in in IN cord-334391-0172afa1 11 4 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 11 5 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-334391-0172afa1 11 6 [ [ -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 11 7 2 2 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 11 8 ] ] -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 11 9 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 11 10 one one CD cord-334391-0172afa1 11 11 stating state VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 11 12 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 11 13 suppression suppression NN cord-334391-0172afa1 11 14 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 11 15 host host NN cord-334391-0172afa1 11 16 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 11 17 type type NN cord-334391-0172afa1 11 18 I -PRON- PRP cord-334391-0172afa1 11 19 interferons interferon NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 11 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 11 21 IFNs ifn NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 11 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 11 23 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 11 24 interferon interferon NN cord-334391-0172afa1 11 25 stimulated stimulate VBD cord-334391-0172afa1 11 26 genes gene NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 11 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 11 28 ISGs ISGs NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 11 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 11 30 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 11 31 other other JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 11 32 stating state VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 11 33 increased increase VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 11 34 expression expression NN cord-334391-0172afa1 11 35 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 11 36 different different JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 11 37 ISGs isg NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 11 38 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 11 39 with with IN cord-334391-0172afa1 11 40 further further JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 11 41 inductions induction NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 11 42 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 11 43 chemokines chemokine NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 11 44 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 11 45 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 11 46 [ [ -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 11 47 2 2 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 11 48 ] ] -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 11 49 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 12 1 The the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 12 2 viral viral JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 12 3 Nsps Nsps NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 12 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 12 5 particularly particularly RB cord-334391-0172afa1 12 6 Nsp1 Nsp1 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 12 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 12 8 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 12 9 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 12 10 ORFs ORFs NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 12 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 12 12 particularly particularly RB cord-334391-0172afa1 12 13 ORF ORF NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 12 14 6 6 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 12 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 12 16 are be VBP cord-334391-0172afa1 12 17 known know VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 12 18 to to TO cord-334391-0172afa1 12 19 antagonise antagonise VB cord-334391-0172afa1 12 20 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 12 21 host host NN cord-334391-0172afa1 12 22 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 12 23 IFNs ifn NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 12 24 initially initially RB cord-334391-0172afa1 12 25 by by IN cord-334391-0172afa1 12 26 suppressing suppress VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 12 27 / / SYM cord-334391-0172afa1 12 28 delaying delay VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 12 29 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-334391-0172afa1 12 30 expressions expression NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 12 31 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 12 32 leading lead VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 12 33 to to IN cord-334391-0172afa1 12 34 viral viral JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 12 35 persistence persistence NN cord-334391-0172afa1 12 36 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 12 37 propagating propagate VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 12 38 inflammations inflammation NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 12 39 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 13 1 Hence hence RB cord-334391-0172afa1 13 2 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 13 3 neither neither DT cord-334391-0172afa1 13 4 type type NN cord-334391-0172afa1 13 5 I -PRON- PRP cord-334391-0172afa1 13 6 IFN IFN NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 13 7 nor nor CC cord-334391-0172afa1 13 8 type type NN cord-334391-0172afa1 13 9 III III NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 13 10 IFN IFN NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 13 11 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 13 12 which which WDT cord-334391-0172afa1 13 13 are be VBP cord-334391-0172afa1 13 14 known know VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 13 15 hard hard RB cord-334391-0172afa1 13 16 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 13 17 wired wired JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 13 18 for for IN cord-334391-0172afa1 13 19 providing provide VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 13 20 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 13 21 immunity immunity NN cord-334391-0172afa1 13 22 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 13 23 was be VBD cord-334391-0172afa1 13 24 activated activate VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 13 25 in in IN cord-334391-0172afa1 13 26 early early JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 13 27 stages stage NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 13 28 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 13 29 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 13 30 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 14 1 However however RB cord-334391-0172afa1 14 2 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 14 3 SARS SARS NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 14 4 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 14 5 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 14 6 at at IN cord-334391-0172afa1 14 7 2 2 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 14 8 days day NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 14 9 post post NN cord-334391-0172afa1 14 10 - - NN cord-334391-0172afa1 14 11 infection infection JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 14 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 14 13 dpi dpi NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 14 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 14 15 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 14 16 induced induce VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 14 17 ISGs ISGs NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 14 18 having have VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 14 19 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 14 20 action action NN cord-334391-0172afa1 14 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 14 22 Rsad2 rsad2 JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 14 23 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 14 24 Ifit Ifit NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 14 25 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 14 26 Mx2 mx2 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 14 27 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 14 28 Oas3 Oas3 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 14 29 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 14 30 etc etc FW cord-334391-0172afa1 14 31 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 14 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 15 1 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 15 2 at at IN cord-334391-0172afa1 15 3 7dpi 7dpi CD cord-334391-0172afa1 15 4 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 15 5 ISGs isg NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 15 6 having have VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 15 7 potentiating potentiate VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 15 8 IFN IFN NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 15 9 mediated mediate VBD cord-334391-0172afa1 15 10 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 15 11 signalling signalling NN cord-334391-0172afa1 15 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 15 13 Ifihi Ifihi NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 15 14 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 15 15 Irf7,Stat1,Ifnar1/ Irf7,Stat1,Ifnar1/ NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 15 16 2,Tyk2,etc 2,tyk2,etc CD cord-334391-0172afa1 15 17 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 15 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 16 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 16 2 3 3 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 16 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 16 4 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 17 1 As as IN cord-334391-0172afa1 17 2 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 17 3 disease disease NN cord-334391-0172afa1 17 4 progresses progress VBZ cord-334391-0172afa1 17 5 towards towards IN cord-334391-0172afa1 17 6 severity severity NN cord-334391-0172afa1 17 7 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 17 8 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 17 9 IFNs ifn NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 17 10 exacerbate exacerbate VBP cord-334391-0172afa1 17 11 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 17 12 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-334391-0172afa1 17 13 with with IN cord-334391-0172afa1 17 14 specific specific JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 17 15 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 17 16 signatures signature NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 17 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 17 18 2 2 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 17 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 17 20 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 18 1 Hence hence RB cord-334391-0172afa1 18 2 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 18 3 cellular cellular JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 18 4 response response NN cord-334391-0172afa1 18 5 to to TO cord-334391-0172afa1 18 6 type type NN cord-334391-0172afa1 18 7 1 1 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 18 8 IFN IFN NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 18 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 18 10 thru thru IN cord-334391-0172afa1 18 11 ISGs ISGs NNPS cord-334391-0172afa1 18 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 18 13 towards towards IN cord-334391-0172afa1 18 14 later later JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 18 15 stages stage NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 18 16 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 18 17 infection infection NN cord-334391-0172afa1 18 18 is be VBZ cord-334391-0172afa1 18 19 immunopathogenic immunopathogenic JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 18 20 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 19 1 Neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 19 2 provide provide VBP cord-334391-0172afa1 19 3 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 19 4 first first JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 19 5 line line NN cord-334391-0172afa1 19 6 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 19 7 innate innate JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 19 8 immune immune JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 19 9 defence defence NN cord-334391-0172afa1 19 10 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 20 1 Neutrophil Neutrophil NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 20 2 attracting attract VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 20 3 chemokines chemokine NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 20 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 20 5 CXCL1 CXCL1 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 20 6 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 20 7 CXCL2 CXCL2 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 20 8 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 20 9 CXCL8 CXCL8 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 20 10 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 20 11 S100A9 S100A9 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 20 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 20 13 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 20 14 cognate cognate JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 20 15 receptor receptor NN cord-334391-0172afa1 20 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 20 17 CXCR2 CXCR2 NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 20 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 20 19 were be VBD cord-334391-0172afa1 20 20 found find VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 20 21 to to TO cord-334391-0172afa1 20 22 be be VB cord-334391-0172afa1 20 23 activated activate VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 20 24 in in IN cord-334391-0172afa1 20 25 early early JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 20 26 stages stage NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 20 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 20 28 1 1 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 20 29 - - SYM cord-334391-0172afa1 20 30 3 3 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 20 31 dpi dpi NN cord-334391-0172afa1 20 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 21 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 21 2 3 3 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 21 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 21 4 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 22 1 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 22 2 is be VBZ cord-334391-0172afa1 22 3 manifested manifest VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 22 4 with with IN cord-334391-0172afa1 22 5 necrophilia necrophilia NN cord-334391-0172afa1 22 6 having have VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 22 7 high high JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 22 8 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-334391-0172afa1 22 9 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 22 10 to to IN cord-334391-0172afa1 22 11 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 22 12 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-334391-0172afa1 22 13 ratio ratio NN cord-334391-0172afa1 22 14 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 23 1 Type type NN cord-334391-0172afa1 23 2 1 1 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 23 3 IFNs ifn NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 23 4 are be VBP cord-334391-0172afa1 23 5 known know VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 23 6 to to TO cord-334391-0172afa1 23 7 inhibit inhibit VB cord-334391-0172afa1 23 8 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-334391-0172afa1 23 9 migration migration NN cord-334391-0172afa1 23 10 by by IN cord-334391-0172afa1 23 11 downregulating downregulate VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 23 12 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-334391-0172afa1 23 13 chemoattractants chemoattractant NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 23 14 production production NN cord-334391-0172afa1 23 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 23 16 CXCL1/2 CXCL1/2 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 23 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 23 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 23 19 4 4 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 23 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 23 21 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 24 1 Other other JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 24 2 than than IN cord-334391-0172afa1 24 3 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-334391-0172afa1 24 4 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 24 5 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 24 6 have have VBP cord-334391-0172afa1 24 7 another another DT cord-334391-0172afa1 24 8 capacity capacity NN cord-334391-0172afa1 24 9 to to TO cord-334391-0172afa1 24 10 contain contain VB cord-334391-0172afa1 24 11 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 24 12 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 24 13 by by IN cord-334391-0172afa1 24 14 forming form VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 24 15 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-334391-0172afa1 24 16 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 24 17 traps trap NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 24 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 24 19 NETs nets NN cord-334391-0172afa1 24 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 24 21 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 25 1 NETs net NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 25 2 are be VBP cord-334391-0172afa1 25 3 mesh mesh NN cord-334391-0172afa1 25 4 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 25 5 like like JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 25 6 structures structure NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 25 7 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 25 8 DNA dna NN cord-334391-0172afa1 25 9 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 25 10 proteins protein NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 25 11 from from IN cord-334391-0172afa1 25 12 degrading degrade VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 25 13 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 25 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 25 15 by by IN cord-334391-0172afa1 25 16 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-334391-0172afa1 25 17 elastase elastase NN cord-334391-0172afa1 25 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 25 19 which which WDT cord-334391-0172afa1 25 20 entrap entrap VBP cord-334391-0172afa1 25 21 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 25 22 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 26 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-334391-0172afa1 26 2 against against IN cord-334391-0172afa1 26 3 leishmania leishmania NN cord-334391-0172afa1 26 4 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 26 5 IFNAR IFNAR NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 26 6 −/− −/− NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 26 7 mice mouse NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 26 8 showed show VBD cord-334391-0172afa1 26 9 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 26 10 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-334391-0172afa1 26 11 elastase elastase NN cord-334391-0172afa1 26 12 activity activity NN cord-334391-0172afa1 26 13 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 26 14 with with IN cord-334391-0172afa1 26 15 better well JJR cord-334391-0172afa1 26 16 infiltrations infiltration NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 26 17 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 27 1 Aberrant aberrant JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 27 2 production production NN cord-334391-0172afa1 27 3 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 27 4 NETs net NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 27 5 have have VBP cord-334391-0172afa1 27 6 been be VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 27 7 known know VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 27 8 to to TO cord-334391-0172afa1 27 9 cause cause VB cord-334391-0172afa1 27 10 severe severe JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 27 11 COVID covid NN cord-334391-0172afa1 27 12 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 27 13 like like JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 27 14 pathophysiologies pathophysiologies NN cord-334391-0172afa1 27 15 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 27 16 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-334391-0172afa1 27 17 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 27 18 lung lung NN cord-334391-0172afa1 27 19 damage damage NN cord-334391-0172afa1 27 20 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 27 21 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 27 22 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 27 23 multiorgan multiorgan NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 27 24 damage damage NN cord-334391-0172afa1 27 25 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 27 26 etc etc FW cord-334391-0172afa1 27 27 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 28 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 28 2 5 5 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 28 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 28 4 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 29 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-334391-0172afa1 29 2 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 29 3 severe severe JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 29 4 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 29 5 patients patient NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 29 6 reported report VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 29 7 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 29 8 higher high JJR cord-334391-0172afa1 29 9 amount amount NN cord-334391-0172afa1 29 10 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 29 11 NETosis netosis NN cord-334391-0172afa1 29 12 remnants remnant NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 29 13 like like IN cord-334391-0172afa1 29 14 cell cell NN cord-334391-0172afa1 29 15 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 29 16 free free JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 29 17 DNA dna NN cord-334391-0172afa1 29 18 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 29 19 myeloperoxidase myeloperoxidase NN cord-334391-0172afa1 29 20 - - HYPH cord-334391-0172afa1 29 21 DNA dna NN cord-334391-0172afa1 29 22 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 29 23 citrullinated citrullinate VBD cord-334391-0172afa1 29 24 histone histone NN cord-334391-0172afa1 29 25 H3 H3 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 29 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 29 27 5 5 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 29 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 29 29 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 30 1 These these DT cord-334391-0172afa1 30 2 molecules molecule NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 30 3 further further RB cord-334391-0172afa1 30 4 propagate propagate VBP cord-334391-0172afa1 30 5 inflammation inflammation NN cord-334391-0172afa1 30 6 by by IN cord-334391-0172afa1 30 7 inducing induce VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 30 8 IL-1β il-1β ADD cord-334391-0172afa1 30 9 production production NN cord-334391-0172afa1 30 10 thru thru IN cord-334391-0172afa1 30 11 inflammasome inflammasome NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 30 12 activation activation NN cord-334391-0172afa1 30 13 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 31 1 The the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 31 2 initial initial JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 31 3 type type NN cord-334391-0172afa1 31 4 1IFN 1ifn CD cord-334391-0172afa1 31 5 suppression suppression NN cord-334391-0172afa1 31 6 could could MD cord-334391-0172afa1 31 7 lead lead VB cord-334391-0172afa1 31 8 to to IN cord-334391-0172afa1 31 9 enhanced enhance VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 31 10 infiltration infiltration NN cord-334391-0172afa1 31 11 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 31 12 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 31 13 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 31 14 NET net JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 31 15 formation formation NN cord-334391-0172afa1 31 16 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 31 17 ensuing ensue VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 31 18 pathophysiologies pathophysiologie NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 31 19 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 32 1 Early early JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 32 2 administration administration NN cord-334391-0172afa1 32 3 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 32 4 IFNβ IFNβ NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 32 5 has have VBZ cord-334391-0172afa1 32 6 proved prove VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 32 7 beneficial beneficial JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 32 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 32 9 1 1 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 32 10 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 32 11 2 2 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 32 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 32 13 ; ; : cord-334391-0172afa1 32 14 hence hence RB cord-334391-0172afa1 32 15 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 32 16 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 32 17 " " `` cord-334391-0172afa1 32 18 double double JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 32 19 edged edged JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 32 20 sword sword NN cord-334391-0172afa1 32 21 " " '' cord-334391-0172afa1 32 22 be be VB cord-334391-0172afa1 32 23 tried try VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 32 24 prudently prudently RB cord-334391-0172afa1 32 25 with with IN cord-334391-0172afa1 32 26 respect respect NN cord-334391-0172afa1 32 27 to to IN cord-334391-0172afa1 32 28 time time NN cord-334391-0172afa1 32 29 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 32 30 dosage dosage VB cord-334391-0172afa1 32 31 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 33 1 Interferon Interferon NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 33 2 beta-1a beta-1a NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 33 3 for for IN cord-334391-0172afa1 33 4 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 33 5 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 33 6 critical critical JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 33 7 importance importance NN cord-334391-0172afa1 33 8 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 33 9 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 33 10 administration administration NN cord-334391-0172afa1 33 11 route route NN cord-334391-0172afa1 33 12 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 34 1 Crit Crit NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 34 2 Care Care NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 35 1 The the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 35 2 type type NN cord-334391-0172afa1 36 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-334391-0172afa1 37 1 interferon interferon NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 37 2 response response NN cord-334391-0172afa1 37 3 in in IN cord-334391-0172afa1 37 4 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 37 5 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 37 6 implications implication NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 37 7 for for IN cord-334391-0172afa1 37 8 treatment treatment NN cord-334391-0172afa1 37 9 Heightened heighten VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 37 10 innate innate JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 37 11 immune immune JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 37 12 responses response NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 37 13 in in IN cord-334391-0172afa1 37 14 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 37 15 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 37 16 tract tract NN cord-334391-0172afa1 37 17 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 37 18 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 37 19 patients patient NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 38 1 Type type NN cord-334391-0172afa1 39 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-334391-0172afa1 39 2 IFNs ifns VBP cord-334391-0172afa1 39 3 mediate mediate VB cord-334391-0172afa1 39 4 development development NN cord-334391-0172afa1 39 5 of of IN cord-334391-0172afa1 39 6 postinfluenza postinfluenza NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 39 7 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 39 8 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-334391-0172afa1 39 9 in in IN cord-334391-0172afa1 39 10 mice mouse NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 40 1 Neutrophil Neutrophil NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 40 2 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 40 3 traps trap NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 40 4 in in IN cord-334391-0172afa1 40 5 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 40 6 Publisher Publisher NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 40 7 's 's POS cord-334391-0172afa1 40 8 Note Note NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 40 9 Springer Springer NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 40 10 Nature Nature NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 40 11 remains remain VBZ cord-334391-0172afa1 40 12 neutral neutral JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 40 13 with with IN cord-334391-0172afa1 40 14 regard regard NN cord-334391-0172afa1 40 15 to to IN cord-334391-0172afa1 40 16 jurisdictional jurisdictional JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 40 17 claims claim NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 40 18 in in IN cord-334391-0172afa1 40 19 published publish VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 40 20 maps map NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 40 21 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 40 22 institutional institutional JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 40 23 affiliations affiliation NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 41 1 Rahul Rahul NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 41 2 is be VBZ cord-334391-0172afa1 41 3 very very RB cord-334391-0172afa1 41 4 grateful grateful JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 41 5 to to IN cord-334391-0172afa1 41 6 Dr Dr NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 41 7 Kate Kate NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 41 8 Fitzgerald Fitzgerald NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 41 9 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 41 10 Dr Dr NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 41 11 Douglas Douglas NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 41 12 Golenbock Golenbock NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 41 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 41 14 UMASSMED UMASSMED NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 41 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-334391-0172afa1 41 16 for for IN cord-334391-0172afa1 41 17 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 41 18 initial initial JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 41 19 insightful insightful JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 41 20 discussion discussion NN cord-334391-0172afa1 41 21 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 42 1 Rahul Rahul NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 42 2 did do VBD cord-334391-0172afa1 42 3 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 42 4 literature literature NN cord-334391-0172afa1 42 5 survey survey NN cord-334391-0172afa1 42 6 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 42 7 wrote write VBD cord-334391-0172afa1 42 8 the the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 42 9 manuscript manuscript NN cord-334391-0172afa1 42 10 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 43 1 The the DT cord-334391-0172afa1 43 2 study study NN cord-334391-0172afa1 43 3 has have VBZ cord-334391-0172afa1 43 4 not not RB cord-334391-0172afa1 43 5 received receive VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 43 6 any any DT cord-334391-0172afa1 43 7 funding funding NN cord-334391-0172afa1 43 8 as as RB cord-334391-0172afa1 43 9 yet yet RB cord-334391-0172afa1 43 10 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 44 1 * * NFP cord-334391-0172afa1 44 2 Correspondence correspondence NN cord-334391-0172afa1 44 3 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 45 1 rbiochem@gmail.com rbiochem@gmail.com ADD cord-334391-0172afa1 46 1 Kolkata Kolkata NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 46 2 , , , cord-334391-0172afa1 46 3 India India NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 46 4 _SP cord-334391-0172afa1 46 5 Ready Ready NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 46 6 to to TO cord-334391-0172afa1 46 7 submit submit VB cord-334391-0172afa1 46 8 your -PRON- PRP$ cord-334391-0172afa1 46 9 research research NN cord-334391-0172afa1 46 10 Ready ready JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 46 11 to to TO cord-334391-0172afa1 46 12 submit submit VB cord-334391-0172afa1 46 13 your -PRON- PRP$ cord-334391-0172afa1 46 14 research research NN cord-334391-0172afa1 46 15 ? ? . cord-334391-0172afa1 47 1 Choose choose VB cord-334391-0172afa1 47 2 BMC BMC NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 47 3 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 47 4 benefit benefit VB cord-334391-0172afa1 47 5 from from IN cord-334391-0172afa1 47 6 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 47 7 ? ? . cord-334391-0172afa1 48 1 Choose choose VB cord-334391-0172afa1 48 2 BMC BMC NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 48 3 and and CC cord-334391-0172afa1 48 4 benefit benefit VB cord-334391-0172afa1 48 5 from from IN cord-334391-0172afa1 48 6 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 48 7 Literature literature NN cord-334391-0172afa1 48 8 survey survey NN cord-334391-0172afa1 48 9 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 49 1 Not not RB cord-334391-0172afa1 49 2 applicable applicable JJ cord-334391-0172afa1 49 3 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 50 1 Yes yes UH cord-334391-0172afa1 50 2 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 51 1 Competing compete VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 51 2 interests interest NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 52 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-334391-0172afa1 52 2 do do VBP cord-334391-0172afa1 52 3 not not RB cord-334391-0172afa1 52 4 have have VB cord-334391-0172afa1 52 5 any any DT cord-334391-0172afa1 52 6 competing compete VBG cord-334391-0172afa1 52 7 interests interest NNS cord-334391-0172afa1 52 8 . . . cord-334391-0172afa1 53 1 Received receive VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 53 2 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 53 3 5 5 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 53 4 October October NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 53 5 2020 2020 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 54 1 Accepted accept VBN cord-334391-0172afa1 54 2 : : : cord-334391-0172afa1 54 3 8 8 CD cord-334391-0172afa1 54 4 October October NNP cord-334391-0172afa1 54 5 2020 2020 CD