id sid tid token lemma pos cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 1 1 key key NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 1 2 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 1 cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 2 authors author NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 3 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 4 Ziebuhr Ziebuhr NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 5 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 6 John John NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 7 title title NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 8 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 9 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 10 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 11 Replicase replicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 12 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 13 Insights insight NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 14 into into IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 15 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 16 Sophisticated Sophisticated NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 17 Enzyme Enzyme NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 18 Machinery Machinery NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 19 date date NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 2 20 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 3 1 2006 2006 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 3 2 journal journal NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 3 3 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 2 Nidoviruses Nidoviruses NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 3 DOI DOI NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 4 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 5 10.1007/978 10.1007/978 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 6 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 7 0 0 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 8 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 9 387 387 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 10 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 11 33012 33012 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 12 - - SYM cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 13 9_1 9_1 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 14 sha sha NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 15 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 16 aaf20d5bad4bac46ffd8baaa84e6fdf54b66072c aaf20d5bad4bac46ffd8baaa84e6fdf54b66072c NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 17 doc_id doc_id NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 18 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 19 349417 349417 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 20 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 4 21 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 1 vn7q8wc4 vn7q8wc4 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 2 nan nan NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 3 gene gene NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 4 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 5 encoded encode VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 6 proteins protein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 7 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 8 includes include VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 9 several several JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 10 cellular cellular JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 11 proteins protein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 12 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 13 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 14 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 15 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 16 protein protein NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 5 17 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 6 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 6 2 11 11 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 6 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 6 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 6 5 12 12 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 6 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 6 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 6 8 13 13 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 6 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 6 10 14 14 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 6 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 6 12 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 1 Translation translation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 2 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 3 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 4 genomic genomic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 6 gives give VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 7 rise rise NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 8 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 9 two two CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 10 replicative replicative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 11 polyproteins polyprotein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 12 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 13 pp1a pp1a NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 14 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 15 pp1ab pp1ab NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 16 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 17 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 18 mediate mediate VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 19 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 20 key key JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 21 functions function NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 22 required require VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 23 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 24 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 25 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 26 CoV CoV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 27 genome genome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 28 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 29 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 30 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 31 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 32 8 8 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 33 major major JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 34 subgenomic subgenomic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 35 RNAs rna NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 36 encoding encode VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 37 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 38 structural structural JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 39 proteins protein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 41 shown show VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 42 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 43 black black JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 45 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 46 several several JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 47 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 48 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 49 CoV cov NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 50 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 51 specific specific JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 52 accessory accessory NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 53 proteins protein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 7 54 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 1 Expression expression NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 2 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 3 ORF1b ORF1b NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 4 sequences sequence NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 5 requires require VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 6 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 7 programmed program VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 8 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 9 frameshift frameshift NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 10 into into IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 11 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 12 -1 -1 NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 13 reading reading NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 14 frame frame NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 15 during during IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 16 translation translation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 17 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 18 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 19 genome genome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 20 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 21 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 22 which which WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 23 occurs occur VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 24 just just RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 25 upstream upstream RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 26 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 27 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 28 ORF1a ORF1a NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 29 translation translation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 30 stop stop VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 31 codon codon NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 8 32 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 9 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 9 2 replicative replicative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 9 3 polyproteins polyprotein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 9 4 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 9 5 extensively extensively RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 9 6 processed process VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 9 7 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 9 8 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 9 9 proteases protease NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 9 10 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 2 processing processing NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 3 end end NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 4 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 5 products product NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 6 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 7 pp1a pp1a NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 8 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 9 designated designate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 10 nonstructural nonstructural JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 11 proteins protein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 13 nsp nsp NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 15 1 1 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 16 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 10 17 nsp11 nsp11 ADD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 1 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 2 those those DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 3 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 4 pp1ab pp1ab NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 5 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 6 designated designate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 7 nsp1 nsp1 NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 8 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 9 nsp10 nsp10 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 10 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 11 nsp12 nsp12 NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 12 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 13 nsp16 nsp16 NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 11 14 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 1 Cleavage cleavage NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 2 sites site NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 3 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 4 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 5 processed process VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 6 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 7 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 8 3C 3c NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 9 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 10 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 11 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 13 3CL 3CL NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 14 pro pro NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 16 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 17 which which WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 18 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 19 also also RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 20 called call VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 21 main main JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 22 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 24 M M NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 25 pro pro FW cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 27 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 28 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 29 indicated indicate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 30 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 31 gray gray JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 32 arrowheads arrowhead NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 33 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 34 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 35 sites site NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 36 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 37 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 38 processed process VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 39 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 40 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 41 papain papain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 42 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 43 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 44 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 45 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 46 PL2 PL2 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 47 pro pro NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 48 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 49 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 50 indicated indicate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 51 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 52 black black JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 53 arrowheads arrowhead NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 12 54 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 2 major major JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 3 replicative replicative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 4 domains domain NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 5 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 6 shown show VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 7 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 8 dark dark JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 9 gray gray NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 10 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 11 transmembrane transmembrane JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 12 domains domain NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 13 predicted predict VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 14 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 15 anchor anchor VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 16 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 17 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 18 replicase replicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 19 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 20 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 21 membranes membrane NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 22 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 23 indicated indicate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 24 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 25 light light JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 26 gray gray JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 13 27 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 1 Appr-1"-pase Appr-1"-pase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 3 ADP ADP NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 4 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 5 ribose ribose NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 6 1"-phosphatase 1"-phosphatase CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 7 ; ; : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 8 PL2 PL2 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 9 pro pro NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 10 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 11 papain papain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 12 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 13 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 14 cysteine cysteine NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 15 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 16 2 2 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 17 ; ; : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 18 3CL 3CL NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 19 pro pro NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 20 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 21 3C 3c NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 22 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 23 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 24 main main JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 25 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 26 ; ; : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 27 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 28 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 29 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 30 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 31 dependent dependent JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 32 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 33 polymerase polymerase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 34 ; ; : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 35 ExoN ExoN NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 36 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 37 3'-to-5 3'-to-5 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 38 ' ' '' cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 39 exoribonuclease exoribonuclease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 40 ; ; : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 41 NendoU NendoU NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 42 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 43 nidoviral nidoviral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 44 uridylate uridylate JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 45 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 46 specific specific JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 47 endoribonuclease endoribonuclease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 48 ; ; : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 49 MT MT NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 50 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 51 putative putative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 52 ribose-2'-O ribose-2'-o JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 53 methyltransferase methyltransferase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 14 54 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 1 Activation activation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 2 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 3 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 4 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 5 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 6 complex complex NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 7 involves involve VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 8 extensive extensive JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 9 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 10 processing processing NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 11 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 12 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 13 replicase replicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 14 polyproteins polyprotein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 15 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 16 produce produce VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 17 16 16 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 19 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 20 IBV IBV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 21 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 22 15 15 LS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 24 mature mature JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 25 products product NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 26 called call VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 27 nonstructural nonstructural JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 28 proteins protein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 30 nsp nsp NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 32 1 1 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 33 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 34 16 16 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 36 reviewed review VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 37 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 38 Refs ref NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 15 39 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 16 1 3 3 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 16 2 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 16 3 15 15 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 16 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 16 5 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 17 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 17 2 processing processing NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 17 3 involves involve VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 17 4 two two CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 17 5 different different JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 17 6 types type NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 17 7 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 17 8 proteases protease NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 17 9 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 2 key key JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 3 enzyme enzyme NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 4 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 5 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 6 so so RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 7 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 8 called call VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 9 3C 3c NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 10 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 11 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 12 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 14 3CL 3CL NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 15 pro pro JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 17 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 18 also also RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 19 called call VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 20 main main JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 21 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 23 M M NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 24 pro pro FW cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 26 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 27 which which WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 28 cleaves cleave VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 29 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 30 central central JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 31 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 32 C c NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 33 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 34 terminal terminal NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 35 regions region NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 36 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 37 pp1a pp1a NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 38 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 39 pp1ab pp1ab NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 40 at at IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 41 11 11 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 42 conserved conserve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 43 sites site NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 18 44 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 1 15 15 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 2 3CL 3cl CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 3 pro pro NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 4 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 5 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 6 cysteine cysteine NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 7 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 8 featuring feature VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 9 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 10 Cys Cys NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 11 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 12 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 13 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 14 dyad dyad NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 15 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 16 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 17 three three CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 18 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 19 domain domain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 20 structure structure NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 19 21 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 20 1 16 16 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 20 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 20 3 17 17 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 20 4 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 20 5 Nterminal Nterminal NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 20 6 domains domain NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 2 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 3 II II NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 4 adopt adopt VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 5 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 6 two two CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 7 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 8 β β NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 9 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 10 barrel barrel NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 11 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 12 fold fold NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 13 structure structure NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 14 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 15 resembles resemble VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 16 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 17 structures structure NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 18 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 19 serine serine JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 20 proteases protease NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 21 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 22 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 23 chymotrypsin chymotrypsin NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 24 superfamily superfamily NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 21 25 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 2 C c NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 3 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 4 terminal terminal NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 5 entirely entirely RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 6 α α NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 7 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 8 helical helical JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 9 domain domain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 10 III III NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 11 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 12 critically critically RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 13 involved involve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 14 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 15 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 16 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 17 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 18 dimerization dimerization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 22 19 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 2 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 3 now now RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 4 generally generally RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 5 accepted accept VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 6 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 7 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 8 3CL 3cl CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 9 pro pro JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 10 dimer dimer NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 11 represents represent VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 12 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 13 active active JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 14 form form NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 15 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 16 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 17 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 23 18 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 1 18 18 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 3 19 19 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 4 Intermolecular Intermolecular NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 5 interactions interaction NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 6 within within IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 7 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 8 dimer dimer NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 9 have have VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 10 been be VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 11 suggested suggest VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 12 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 13 keep keep VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 14 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 15 active active JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 16 center center NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 18 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 19 particular particular JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 20 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 21 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 22 S1 s1 NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 23 subsite subsite NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 25 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 26 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 27 proteolytically proteolytically JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 28 competent competent JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 29 conformation conformation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 24 30 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 1 17 17 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 3 20 20 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 4 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 5 main main JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 6 proteases protease NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 7 have have VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 8 conserved conserve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 9 substrate substrate NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 10 specificities specificity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 13 L L NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 14 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 15 I)-Q↓(S I)-Q↓(S NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 16 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 17 A A NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 18 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 19 G G NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 25 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 1 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 3 accordingly accordingly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 4 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 5 similar similar JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 6 substrate substrate NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 7 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 8 binding bind VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 9 pocket pocket NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 10 structures structure NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 11 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 12 as as IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 13 has have VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 14 been be VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 15 shown show VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 16 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 17 crystal crystal NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 18 structure structure NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 19 analyses analysis NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 20 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 21 main main JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 22 proteases protease NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 23 from from IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 24 different different JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 25 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 26 genetic genetic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 27 groups group NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 26 28 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 27 1 17 17 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 27 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 27 3 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 27 4 21 21 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 27 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 28 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 28 2 22 22 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 28 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 29 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 29 2 23 23 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 29 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 1 Based base VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 2 on on IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 3 this this DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 4 information information NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 5 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 6 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 7 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 8 have have VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 9 been be VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 10 developed develop VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 11 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 12 effectively effectively RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 13 inhibit inhibit VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 14 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 15 broad broad JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 16 range range NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 17 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 18 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 19 main main JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 20 proteases protease NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 30 21 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 31 1 23 23 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 1 Potentially potentially RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 3 these these DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 4 compounds compound NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 5 may may MD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 6 be be VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 7 useful useful JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 8 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 9 treatment treatment NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 10 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 11 known know VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 12 or or CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 13 newly newly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 14 emerging emerge VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 15 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 16 infections infection NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 32 17 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 2 N n CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 3 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 4 terminal terminal NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 5 regions region NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 6 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 7 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 8 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 9 polyproteins polyprotein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 10 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 11 which which WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 12 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 13 poorly poorly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 14 conserved conserve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 15 among among IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 16 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 17 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 18 groups group NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 19 I -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 20 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 21 II II NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 22 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 23 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 24 III III NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 25 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 26 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 27 cleaved cleave VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 28 at at IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 29 two two CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 31 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 32 IBV IBV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 34 or or CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 35 three three CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 36 sites site NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 38 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 39 all all DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 40 other other JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 41 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 43 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 44 one one CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 46 IBV IBV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 47 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 48 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 49 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 50 CoV CoV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 52 or or CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 53 two two CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 54 zinc zinc NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 55 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 56 finger finger NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 57 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 58 containing contain VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 59 papain papain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 60 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 61 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 62 cysteine cysteine NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 63 proteases protease NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 64 called call VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 65 PL1 pl1 NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 66 pro pro NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 67 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 68 PL2 PL2 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 69 pro pro JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 70 . . NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 71 24 24 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 72 - - SYM cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 73 32 32 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 74 PL pl NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 75 pro pro JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 76 cleavage cleavage NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 77 sites site NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 78 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 79 usually usually RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 80 flanked flank VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 81 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 82 small small JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 83 residues residue NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 84 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 85 mainly mainly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 86 Gly Gly NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 87 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 88 Ala Ala NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 89 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 33 90 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 1 15 15 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 2 PL1 pl1 NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 3 pro pro JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 4 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 5 PL2 PL2 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 6 pro pro RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 7 probably probably RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 8 evolved evolve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 9 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 10 gene gene NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 11 duplication duplication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 12 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 13 one one CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 14 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 15 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 16 ancestors ancestor NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 17 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 18 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 19 present present JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 20 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 21 day day NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 22 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 34 23 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 35 1 29 29 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 1 For for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 2 MHV MHV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 3 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 5 was be VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 6 recently recently RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 7 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 8 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 9 cleavage cleavage NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 10 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 11 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 12 nsp1|nsp2 nsp1|nsp2 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 13 site site NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 14 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 15 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 16 even even RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 17 more more RBR cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 18 suprisingly suprisingly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 19 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 20 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 21 C c NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 22 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 23 terminal terminal NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 24 nsp1 nsp1 NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 25 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 26 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 27 entire entire JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 28 nsp2 nsp2 JJR cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 29 sequence sequence NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 30 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 31 not not RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 32 required require VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 33 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 34 MHV MHV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 35 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 36 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 37 vitro vitro FW cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 36 38 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 37 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 37 2 33 33 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 37 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 37 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 37 5 34 34 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 37 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 38 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 38 2 35 35 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 38 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 38 4 _SP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 3 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 4 has have VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 5 been be VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 6 classified classify VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 7 as as IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 8 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 9 outgroup outgroup NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 10 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 11 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 12 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 13 superfamily superfamily NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 14 1 1 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 39 15 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 40 1 36 36 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 2 resides reside VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 3 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 4 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 5 ORF1b ORF1b NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 6 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 7 encoded encode VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 8 nonstructural nonstructural JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 9 proteins protein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 10 12 12 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 11 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 12 as as IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 13 was be VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 14 predicted predict VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 15 about about IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 16 15 15 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 17 years year NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 18 ago ago RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 19 6 6 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 20 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 21 now now RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 22 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 23 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 24 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 25 bacterially bacterially RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 26 expressed express VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 27 form form NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 28 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 29 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 30 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 31 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 32 CoV CoV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 33 nsp12 nsp12 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 41 34 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 42 1 37 37 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 2 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 3 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 4 domain domain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 5 occupies occupy VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 6 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 7 C C NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 8 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 9 terminal terminal NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 10 two two CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 11 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 12 thirds third NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 13 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 14 nsp12 nsp12 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 15 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 16 6 6 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 17 but but CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 43 18 also also RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 44 1 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 44 2 N n CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 44 3 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 44 4 terminal terminal JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 44 5 part part NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 44 6 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 44 7 nsp12 nsp12 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 44 8 seems seem VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 44 9 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 44 10 contribute contribute VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 44 11 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 44 12 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 44 13 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 45 1 37 37 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 1 Based base VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 2 on on IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 3 MHV MHV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 4 coimmunoprecipitation coimmunoprecipitation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 5 data datum NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 6 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 7 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 8 N n CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 9 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 10 terminal terminal JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 11 part part NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 12 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 13 nsp12 nsp12 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 14 has have VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 15 been be VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 16 suggested suggest VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 17 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 18 interact interact VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 19 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 20 other other JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 21 replicase replicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 22 subunits subunit NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 23 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 24 specifically specifically RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 25 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 26 nsp5 nsp5 NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 28 3CL 3CL NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 29 pro pro JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 31 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 32 nsp8 nsp8 NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 33 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 34 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 35 nsp9 nsp9 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 36 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 37 38 38 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 38 which which WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 39 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 40 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 41 line line NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 42 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 43 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 44 recently recently RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 45 published publish VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 46 crystal crystal JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 47 structure structure NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 48 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 49 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 50 nsp7-nsp8 nsp7-nsp8 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 51 complex complex NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 52 from from IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 53 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 54 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 55 CoV. CoV. NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 46 56 39 39 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 47 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 47 2 X x NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 47 3 - - NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 47 4 ray ray NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 47 5 crystallography crystallography NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 47 6 study study NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 47 7 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 47 8 Zhai Zhai NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 47 9 et et NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 47 10 al al NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 47 11 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 48 1 39 39 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 48 2 provides provide VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 48 3 first first JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 48 4 insights insight NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 48 5 into into IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 48 6 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 48 7 sophisticated sophisticated JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 48 8 architecture architecture NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 48 9 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 48 10 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 48 11 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 48 12 replicase replicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 48 13 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 2 shows show VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 3 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 4 eight eight CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 5 molecules molecule NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 6 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 7 each each DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 8 nsp7 nsp7 NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 9 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 10 nsp8 nsp8 NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 11 assemble assemble VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 12 into into IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 13 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 14 hexadecameric hexadecameric JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 15 supercomplex supercomplex NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 16 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 17 forms form VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 18 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 19 hollow hollow JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 20 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 21 cylinder cylinder NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 22 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 23 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 24 structure structure NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 25 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 26 which which WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 27 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 28 because because IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 29 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 30 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 31 internal internal JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 32 dimensions dimension NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 33 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 34 electrostatic electrostatic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 35 properties property NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 36 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 37 seems seem VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 38 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 39 be be VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 40 capable capable JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 41 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 42 encircling encircle VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 43 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 49 44 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 50 1 This this DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 50 2 nsp7-nsp8 nsp7-nsp8 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 1 supercomplex supercomplex NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 3 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 4 turn turn NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 5 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 6 interacts interact VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 7 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 8 nsp9 nsp9 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 9 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 10 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 11 small small JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 12 single single JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 13 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 14 stranded strand VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 15 RNA rna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 16 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 17 binding bind VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 18 protein protein NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 19 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 20 40 40 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 21 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 22 41 41 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 23 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 24 interactions interaction NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 25 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 26 nsp7-nsp8(-nsp9 nsp7-nsp8(-nsp9 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 28 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 29 yet yet RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 30 other other JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 31 replicase replicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 32 subunits subunit NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 34 including include VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 35 nsp12 nsp12 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 37 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 38 likely likely JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 51 39 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 1 On on IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 2 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 3 basis basis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 4 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 5 structural structural JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 6 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 7 functional functional JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 8 data datum NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 9 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 11 has have VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 12 been be VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 13 speculated speculate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 14 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 15 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 16 nsp7-nsp8 nsp7-nsp8 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 17 complex complex NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 18 might may MD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 19 act act VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 20 as as IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 21 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 22 important important JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 23 RdRp rdrp NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 24 cofactor cofactor NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 25 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 26 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 27 example example NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 28 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 29 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 30 increase increase VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 31 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 32 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 33 processivity processivity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 52 34 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 1 39 39 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 2 Evidence evidence NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 3 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 4 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 5 critical critical JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 6 involvement involvement NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 7 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 8 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 9 C C NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 10 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 11 terminal terminal NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 12 pp1a pp1a NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 13 processing processing NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 14 products product NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 16 nsp7 nsp7 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 17 - - SYM cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 18 10 10 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 20 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 21 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 23 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 24 also also RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 25 comes come VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 26 from from IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 27 work work NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 28 on on IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 29 MHV MHV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 30 temperature temperature NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 31 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 32 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 33 mutants mutant NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 34 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 35 which which WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 36 has have VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 37 shown show VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 38 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 39 nsp10 nsp10 RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 40 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 41 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 42 Cys Cys NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 43 / / SYM cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 44 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 45 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 46 rich rich JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 47 protein protein NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 48 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 49 has have VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 50 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 51 distinct distinct JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 52 role role NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 53 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 54 minus minus JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 55 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 56 strand strand NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 57 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 58 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 53 59 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 54 1 42 42 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 1 After after IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 2 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 3 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 4 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 5 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 6 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 7 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 8 second second RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 9 best good JJS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 10 conserved conserved JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 11 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 12 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 13 plus plus JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 14 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 15 strand strand NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 16 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 17 viruses virus NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 55 18 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 3 helicase helicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 4 resides reside VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 5 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 6 nsp13 nsp13 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 7 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 8 has have VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 9 been be VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 10 classified classify VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 11 as as IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 12 belonging belong VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 13 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 14 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 15 helicase helicase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 16 superfamily superfamily NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 17 1 1 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 56 18 6,43 6,43 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 57 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 57 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 57 3 . . NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 57 4 1 1 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 57 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 57 6 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 1 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 2 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 3 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 4 all all PDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 5 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 6 nidovirus nidovirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 7 homologs homolog NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 8 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 9 linked link VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 10 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 11 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 12 N n CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 13 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 14 terminal terminal NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 15 zinc zinc NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 16 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 17 binding bind VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 18 domain domain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 20 ZBD ZBD NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 22 involving involve VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 23 12 12 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 24 - - SYM cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 25 13 13 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 26 conserved conserve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 27 Cys Cys NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 28 / / SYM cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 29 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 30 residues residue NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 58 31 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 59 1 6 6 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 2 conservation conservation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 3 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 4 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 5 ZBD ZBD NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 6 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 7 associated associate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 8 superfamily superfamily NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 9 1 1 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 10 helicase helicase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 11 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 12 considered consider VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 13 one one CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 14 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 15 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 16 major major JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 17 genetic genetic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 18 markers marker NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 19 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 20 nidoviruses nidoviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 60 21 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 1 Over over IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 2 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 3 past past JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 4 years year NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 5 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 6 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 7 helicase helicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 8 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 9 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 10 HCoV-229E HCoV-229E NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 11 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 12 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 13 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 14 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 15 lesser less JJR cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 16 extent extent NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 17 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 18 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 19 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 20 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 21 CoV CoV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 22 have have VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 23 been be VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 24 characterized characterize VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 61 25 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 62 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 62 2 44 44 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 62 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 62 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 62 5 45 45 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 62 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 63 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 63 2 46 46 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 63 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 2 47 47 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 5 48 48 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 7 Mutagenesis Mutagenesis NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 8 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 9 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 10 data datum NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 11 revealed reveal VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 12 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 13 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 14 ZBD ZBD NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 15 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 16 essential essential JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 17 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 18 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 19 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 20 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 21 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 22 both both CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 23 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 24 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 25 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 26 arterivirus arterivirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 27 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 64 28 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 1 49 49 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 2 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 3 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 4 proved prove VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 5 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 6 have have VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 7 multiple multiple JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 8 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 9 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 10 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 11 including include VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 12 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 13 acid acid NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 14 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 15 stimulated stimulate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 16 NTPase NTPase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 17 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 18 dNTPase dNTPase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 19 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 20 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 23 plus plus CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 24 DNA DNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 26 duplex duplex NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 27 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 28 unwinding unwind VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 29 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 65 30 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 1 44 44 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 3 47 47 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 4 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 5 48 48 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 6 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 8 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 9 arterivirus arterivirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 11 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 12 were be VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 13 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 14 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 15 unwind unwind VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 16 double double RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 17 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 18 stranded strand VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 20 substrates substrate NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 21 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 22 5'-to-3 5'-to-3 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 23 ' ' '' cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 24 polarity polarity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 25 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 26 that that RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 27 is is RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 28 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 29 they -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 30 move move VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 31 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 32 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 33 5'-to-3 5'-to-3 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 34 ' ' POS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 35 direction direction NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 36 along along IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 37 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 38 strand strand NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 39 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 40 which which WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 41 they -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 42 initially initially RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 43 bind bind VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 66 44 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 67 1 44 44 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 67 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 67 3 50 50 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 2 polarity polarity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 3 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 4 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 5 helicase helicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 6 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 7 contrasts contrast VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 8 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 9 that that DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 10 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 11 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 12 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 13 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 14 flavi- flavi- NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 15 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 16 pesti- pesti- NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 17 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 18 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 19 hepaciviruses hepaciviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 20 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 21 which which WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 22 all all DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 23 operate operate VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 24 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 25 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 26 opposite opposite JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 27 direction direction NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 28 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 29 51 51 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 30 indicating indicate VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 31 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 32 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 33 biological biological JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 34 functions function NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 35 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 36 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 37 from from IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 38 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 39 Nidovirales Nidovirales NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 40 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 41 Flaviviridae Flaviviridae NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 42 might may MD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 43 differ differ VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 44 fundamentally fundamentally RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 45 from from IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 46 each each DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 47 other other JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 68 48 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 1 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 3 nidovirus nidovirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 5 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 6 belong belong VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 7 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 8 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 9 few few JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 10 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 11 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 12 act act VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 13 on on IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 14 both both CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 16 or or CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 17 DNA dna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 18 substrates substrate NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 19 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 20 nearly nearly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 21 equal equal JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 22 efficacy efficacy NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 69 23 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 1 Given give VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 2 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 3 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 4 helicase helicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 5 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 6 part part NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 7 part part NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 8 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 9 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 11 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 13 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 14 replicase replicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 15 complex complex NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 16 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 18 seems seem VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 19 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 20 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 21 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 22 observed observed JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 23 DNA dna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 24 duplex duplex RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 25 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 26 unwinding unwind VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 27 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 28 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 29 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 30 biological biological JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 31 significance significance NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 70 32 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 1 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 2 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 3 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 4 able able JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 5 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 6 unwind unwind VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 7 up up RP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 8 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 9 several several JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 10 hundred hundred CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 11 base base NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 12 pairs pair NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 13 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 14 double double RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 15 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 16 stranded strand VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 17 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 18 acid acid NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 19 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 20 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 21 processive processive JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 22 manner manner NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 23 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 24 47,48 47,48 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 25 supporting support VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 26 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 27 role role NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 28 as as IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 29 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 30 " " `` cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 31 replicative replicative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 32 " " '' cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 33 helicase helicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 34 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 35 separates separate VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 36 regions region NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 37 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 38 doublestranded doublestranded NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 39 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 40 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 41 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 42 polymerase polymerase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 43 might may MD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 44 encounter encounter VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 45 during during IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 46 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 47 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 71 48 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 1 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 2 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 3 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 4 able able JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 5 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 6 hydrolyze hydrolyze VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 7 essentially essentially RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 8 all all DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 9 natural natural JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 10 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 11 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 12 fuel fuel VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 14 translocation translocation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 15 along along IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 16 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 17 acids acid NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 18 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 19 concomitant concomitant JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 20 unwinding unwinding NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 21 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 22 duplex duplex NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 25 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 26 DNA DNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 28 structures structure NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 72 29 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 73 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 73 2 44 44 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 73 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 73 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 73 5 45 45 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 73 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 74 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 74 2 46 46 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 74 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 75 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 75 2 47 47 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 75 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 76 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 76 2 48 48 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 76 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 1 Besides besides IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 2 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 3 NTPase NTPase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 4 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 5 dNTPase dNTPase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 6 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 7 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 8 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 9 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 10 were be VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 11 shown show VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 12 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 13 possess possess VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 14 yet yet RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 15 another another DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 16 phosphohydrolyase phosphohydrolyase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 17 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 18 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 19 namely namely RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 20 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 21 RNA rna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 22 5'triphosphatase 5'triphosphatase CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 23 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 24 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 25 employs employ VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 26 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 27 active active JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 28 site site NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 29 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 30 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 32 d)NTPase d)NTPase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 33 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 77 34 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 2 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 3 reasonable reasonable JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 4 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 5 believe believe VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 6 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 7 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 8 nsp13-associated nsp13-associated JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 10 5'-triphosphatase 5'-triphosphatase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 11 catalyzes catalyze VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 12 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 13 first first JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 14 reaction reaction NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 15 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 16 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 17 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 18 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 19 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 20 5 5 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 21 ' ' '' cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 22 RNA rna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 23 cap cap NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 24 structures structure NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 78 25 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 79 1 47 47 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 79 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 79 3 48 48 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 1 Given give VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 2 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 3 multiple multiple JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 4 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 5 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 6 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 8 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 9 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 10 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 11 previously previously RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 12 observed observe VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 13 diverse diverse JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 14 roles role NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 15 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 16 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 17 arterivirus arterivirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 18 helicase helicase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 19 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 20 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 21 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 22 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 23 transcription transcription NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 24 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 25 virion virion NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 26 biogenesis biogenesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 27 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 28 52 52 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 29 it -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 30 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 31 reasonable reasonable JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 32 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 33 believe believe VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 34 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 35 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 36 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 37 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 38 involved involve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 39 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 40 more more JJR cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 41 than than IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 42 one one CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 43 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 44 pathway pathway NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 45 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 46 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 47 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 48 life life NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 49 cycle cycle NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 80 50 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 1 A a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 2 detailed detailed JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 3 sequence sequence NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 4 analysis analysis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 5 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 6 Gorbalenya Gorbalenya NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 7 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 8 Snijder Snijder NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 9 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 10 colleagues colleague NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 11 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 12 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 13 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 14 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 15 CoV CoV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 16 genome genome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 17 revealed reveal VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 18 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 19 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 20 enzymology enzymology NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 21 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 22 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 24 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 25 may may MD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 26 be be VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 27 significantly significantly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 28 more more RBR cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 29 complex complex JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 30 than than IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 31 previously previously RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 32 thought think VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 81 33 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 82 1 8 8 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 1 In in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 2 this this DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 3 seminal seminal JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 4 study study NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 5 published publish VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 6 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 7 2003 2003 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 8 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 9 as as RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 10 many many JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 11 as as IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 12 five five CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 13 novel novel JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 14 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 15 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 16 were be VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 17 identified identify VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 18 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 19 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 20 genomes genome NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 21 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 22 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 23 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 24 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 25 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 26 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 27 varying varying JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 28 extent extent NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 29 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 30 other other JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 31 nidoviruses nidoviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 33 Fig fig NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 34 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 35 1 1 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 83 37 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 2 putative putative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 3 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 4 included include VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 6 i i NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 8 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 9 3'-to-5 3'-to-5 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 10 ' ' '' cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 11 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 13 ExoN ExoN NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 15 associated associate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 16 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 17 nsp14 nsp14 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 18 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 20 ii ii NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 84 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 1 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 2 endoribonuclease endoribonuclease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 4 NendoU NendoU NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 6 associated associate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 7 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 8 nsp15 nsp15 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 9 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 11 iii iii NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 13 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 14 S S NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 15 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 16 adenosyl adenosyl NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 17 methionine methionine NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 18 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 19 dependent dependent JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 85 20 ribose ribose NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 86 1 2'-Omethyltransferase 2'-omethyltransferase LS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 87 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 87 2 MT MT NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 87 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 88 1 associated associate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 88 2 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 88 3 nsp16 nsp16 NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 88 4 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 88 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 88 6 iv iv LS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 88 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 89 1 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 89 2 ADP ADP NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 89 3 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 89 4 ribose ribose NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 89 5 1"-phosphatase 1"-phosphatase CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 90 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 90 2 Appr-1"-pase appr-1"-pase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 90 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 1 associated associate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 2 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 3 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 4 so so RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 5 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 6 called call VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 7 " " `` cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 8 X x NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 9 domain domain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 10 " " '' cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 11 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 12 nsp3 nsp3 NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 13 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 14 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 16 v v LS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 18 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 19 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 20 phosphodiesterase phosphodiesterase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 22 CPDase CPDase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 24 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 25 which which WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 26 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 27 only only RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 28 conserved conserve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 29 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 30 group group NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 31 II II NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 32 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 34 excluding exclude VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 35 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 36 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 37 CoV CoV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 91 39 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 1 Four four CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 2 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 3 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 4 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 5 were be VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 6 found find VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 7 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 8 be be VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 9 conserved conserve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 10 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 11 all all DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 12 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 13 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 14 suggesting suggest VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 15 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 16 they -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 17 have have VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 18 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 19 essential essential JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 20 role role NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 21 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 22 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 23 coronaviral coronaviral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 24 life life NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 25 cycle cycle NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 92 26 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 1 Recently recently RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 3 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 4 predicted predict VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 5 exo exo NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 6 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 7 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 8 endoribonuclease endoribonuclease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 9 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 10 were be VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 11 established establish VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 12 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 13 characterized characterize VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 14 using use VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 15 bacterially bacterially RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 16 expressed express VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 17 forms form NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 18 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 19 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 20 ExoN ExoN NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 21 from from IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 22 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 23 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 24 CoV CoV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 26 Minskaia Minskaia NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 27 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 28 Hertzig Hertzig NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 29 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 30 Gorbalenya Gorbalenya NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 31 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 32 Campanacci Campanacci NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 33 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 34 Cambillau Cambillau NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 35 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 36 Canard Canard NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 37 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 38 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 39 Ziebuhr Ziebuhr NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 40 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 41 unpublished unpublished JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 42 data datum NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 44 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 45 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 46 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 47 NendoU NendoU NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 48 from from IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 49 HCoV-229E HCoV-229E NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 50 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 51 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 52 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 53 CoV CoV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 54 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 55 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 56 IBV IBV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 93 57 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 94 1 53 53 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 94 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 94 3 54 54 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 2 have have VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 3 recently recently RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 5 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 6 reverse reverse JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 7 genetics genetic NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 8 using use VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 9 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 10 HCoV-229E HCoV-229E NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 11 infectious infectious JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 12 clone clone NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 13 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 14 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 15 ExoN ExoN NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 16 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 17 NendoU NendoU NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 18 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 19 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 20 MT MT NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 21 domains domain NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 22 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 23 all all RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 24 essential essential JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 25 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 26 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 27 production production NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 28 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 29 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 30 progeny progeny NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 95 31 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 1 Substitutions substitution NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 2 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 3 predicted predict VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 4 active active JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 5 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 6 site site NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 7 residues residue NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 8 resulted result VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 9 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 10 diverse diverse JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 11 defects defect NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 12 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 13 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 15 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 16 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 17 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 18 production production NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 96 19 54 54 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 2 Hertzig Hertzig NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 3 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 4 Ulferts Ulferts NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 5 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 6 Schelle Schelle NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 7 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 8 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 9 Ziebuhr Ziebuhr NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 10 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 11 unpublished unpublished JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 12 data datum NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 97 14 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 2 underlying underlie VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 4 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 5 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 6 observed observed JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 7 defects defect NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 8 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 9 currently currently RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 10 being be VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 11 studied study VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 12 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 13 detail detail NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 98 14 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 2 observed observed JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 3 pattern pattern NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 4 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 5 conservation conservation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 6 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 7 different different JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 8 nidovirus nidovirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 9 families family NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 10 suggests suggest VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 11 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 12 functional functional JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 13 hierarchy hierarchy NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 14 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 15 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 16 newly newly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 17 identified identify VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 18 RNA rna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 19 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 20 processing process VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 21 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 22 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 23 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 24 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 25 manganese manganese NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 26 ion ion NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 27 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 28 dependent dependent JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 29 uridylate uridylate JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 30 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 31 specific specific JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 32 endoribonuclease endoribonuclease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 33 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 34 NendoU NendoU NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 35 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 36 playing play VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 37 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 38 central central JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 39 role role NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 99 40 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 1 This this DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 2 enzyme enzyme NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 3 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 4 universally universally RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 5 conserved conserve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 6 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 7 nidoviruses nidoviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 8 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 9 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 10 besides besides IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 11 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 12 ZBDassociated ZBDassociated NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 13 helicase helicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 14 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 15 represents represent VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 16 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 17 genetic genetic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 18 marker marker NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 19 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 20 nidoviruses nidoviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 21 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 22 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 23 also also RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 24 reflected reflect VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 25 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 26 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 27 previous previous JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 28 designation designation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 29 as as IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 30 " " `` cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 31 nidovirus nidovirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 32 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 33 specific specific JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 34 conserved conserved JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 35 domain domain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 36 " " '' cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 37 55 55 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 38 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 39 56 56 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 100 40 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 1 As as IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 2 mentioned mention VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 3 above above RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 4 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 5 NendoU NendoU NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 6 has have VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 7 been be VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 8 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 9 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 10 site site NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 11 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 12 directed direct VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 13 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 14 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 15 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 16 full full JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 17 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 18 length length NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 19 HCoV-229E HCoV-229E NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 20 clone clone NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 21 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 22 be be VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 23 essential essential JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 24 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 25 coronaviral coronaviral NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 26 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 27 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 101 28 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 1 However however RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 4 recently recently RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 5 obtained obtain VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 6 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 7 data datum NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 8 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 9 argue argue VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 10 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 11 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 12 more more RBR cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 13 complex complex JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 14 scenario scenario NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 15 regarding regard VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 16 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 17 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 18 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 102 19 NendoU. NendoU. NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 1 Thus thus RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 3 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 4 example example NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 5 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 7 found find VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 8 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 9 several several JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 10 single single JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 11 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 12 residue residue NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 13 substitutions substitution NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 14 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 15 abolished abolish VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 16 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 17 NendoU NendoU NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 18 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 19 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 20 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 21 in in FW cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 22 vitro vitro FW cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 23 RNase rnase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 24 assay assay NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 25 gave give VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 26 rise rise NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 27 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 28 viable viable JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 30 albeit albeit IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 31 lowtiter lowtiter NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 33 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 34 when when WRB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 35 transferred transfer VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 36 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 37 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 38 HCoV-229E HCoV-229E NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 39 infectious infectious JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 40 clone clone NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 42 Hertzig Hertzig NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 43 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 44 Ulferts Ulferts NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 45 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 46 Ziebuhr Ziebuhr NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 47 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 48 unpublished unpublished JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 49 data datum NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 103 51 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 1 These these DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 2 data datum NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 3 indicate indicate VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 4 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 5 NendoU nendou PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 6 might may MD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 7 have have VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 8 more more JJR cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 9 than than IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 10 one one CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 11 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 12 and/or and/or CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 13 cleave cleave VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 14 more more JJR cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 15 than than IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 16 one one CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 17 substrate substrate NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 18 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 19 likely likely RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 20 differs differ VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 21 from from IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 22 that that DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 23 used use VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 24 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 25 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 26 in in FW cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 27 vitro vitro FW cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 28 assays assay NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 104 29 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 1 Clearly clearly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 3 more more JJR cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 4 work work NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 5 will will MD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 6 be be VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 7 required require VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 8 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 9 elucidate elucidate VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 10 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 11 function(s function(s NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 13 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 14 NendoU NendoU NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 15 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 16 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 17 nidoviral nidoviral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 18 life life NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 19 cycle cycle NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 105 20 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 1 In in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 2 view view NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 3 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 4 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 5 very very RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 6 similar similar JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 7 gene gene NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 8 expression expression NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 9 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 11 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 12 strategies strategy NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 13 employed employ VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 14 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 15 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 16 various various JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 17 nidovirus nidovirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 18 families family NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 19 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 20 genera genus NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 21 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 22 it -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 23 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 24 intriguing intriguing JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 25 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 26 only only RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 27 one one CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 29 namely namely RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 30 NendoU NendoU NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 32 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 33 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 34 newly newly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 35 identified identify VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 36 nidovirus nidovirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 37 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 38 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 39 processing process VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 40 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 41 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 42 conserved conserve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 43 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 44 arteriviruses arteriviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 106 45 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 2 basis basis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 3 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 4 this this DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 5 differential differential JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 6 conservation conservation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 7 pattern pattern NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 8 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 9 RNA rna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 10 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 11 processing processing NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 12 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 13 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 14 currently currently RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 15 unclear unclear JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 16 but but CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 17 might may MD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 18 indicate indicate VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 19 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 20 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 21 enzymology enzymology NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 22 involved involve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 23 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 24 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 25 genome genome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 26 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 27 length length NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 28 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 29 subgenome subgenome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 30 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 31 length length NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 32 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 33 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 34 varies vary VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 35 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 36 some some DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 37 extent extent NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 38 among among IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 39 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 40 nidovirus nidovirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 41 families family NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 107 42 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 1 Alternatively alternatively RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 3 members member NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 4 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 5 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 6 various various JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 7 nidovirus nidovirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 8 families family NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 9 / / , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 10 genera genus NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 11 might may MD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 12 interact interact VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 13 differentially differentially RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 14 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 15 yet yet RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 16 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 17 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 18 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 19 be be VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 20 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 21 defined define VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 22 RNA rna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 23 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 24 processing process VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 25 pathways pathway NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 26 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 27 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 28 host host NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 29 cell cell NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 108 30 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 2 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 3 also also RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 4 worth worth JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 5 remembering remember VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 6 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 7 arterivirus arterivirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 8 genomes genome NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 9 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 10 about about RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 11 2 2 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 12 times time NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 13 smaller small JJR cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 14 than than IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 15 other other JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 16 nidovirus nidovirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 17 genomes genome NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 18 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 20 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 21 possible possible JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 22 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 24 some some DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 25 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 27 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 28 extra extra JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 29 domains domain NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 30 conserved conserve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 31 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 32 corona corona NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 33 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 34 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 35 toroviruses toroviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 37 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 38 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 39 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 40 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 41 lesser less JJR cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 42 extent extent NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 43 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 44 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 45 roniviruses roniviruses NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 47 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 48 required require VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 49 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 50 replicate replicate VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 51 genomes genome NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 52 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 53 this this DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 54 unique unique JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 55 size size NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 109 56 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 3 ExoN ExoN NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 4 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 5 was be VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 6 recently recently RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 7 shown show VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 8 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 9 sequence sequence NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 10 analysis analysis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 11 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 12 site site NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 13 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 14 sirected sirecte VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 15 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 16 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 17 be be VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 18 related relate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 19 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 20 cellular cellular JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 21 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 22 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 23 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 24 DEDD DEDD NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 25 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 26 superfamily superfamily NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 28 Minskaia Minskaia NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 29 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 30 Hertzig Hertzig NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 31 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 32 Gorbalenya Gorbalenya NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 33 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 34 Campanacci Campanacci NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 35 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 36 Cambillau Cambillau NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 37 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 38 Canard Canard NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 39 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 40 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 41 Ziebuhr Ziebuhr NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 42 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 43 unpublished unpublished JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 44 data datum NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 110 46 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 1 This this DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 2 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 3 family family NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 4 includes include VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 5 cellular cellular JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 6 3'-to-5 3'-to-5 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 7 ' ' '' cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 8 exonucleases exonuclease NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 9 involved involve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 10 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 11 proofreading proofreading NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 12 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 13 repair repair NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 14 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 15 and/or and/or CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 16 recombination recombination NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 17 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 18 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 20 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 21 tempting tempt VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 22 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 23 speculate speculate VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 24 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 25 nidoviruses nidoviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 26 use use VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 27 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 28 ExoN ExoN NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 29 domains domain NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 30 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 31 similar similar JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 32 processes process NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 33 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 34 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 35 example example NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 36 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 37 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 38 keep keep VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 39 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 40 error error NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 41 frequency frequency NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 42 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 43 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 44 low low JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 45 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 46 fidelity fidelity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 47 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 48 below below IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 49 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 50 critical critical JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 51 thereshold thereshold NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 111 52 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 1 In in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 2 contrast contrast NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 3 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 4 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 5 essential essential JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 6 RNA rna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 7 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 8 processing processing NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 9 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 11 ExoN ExoN NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 12 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 13 NendoU NendoU NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 14 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 15 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 16 MT MT NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 18 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 19 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 20 nsp3 nsp3 NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 21 X x NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 22 domain domain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 23 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 24 associated associate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 25 Appr-1"-pase Appr-1"-pase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 26 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 27 was be VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 28 found find VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 29 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 30 be be VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 31 dispensable dispensable JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 32 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 33 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 34 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 35 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 36 vitro vitro FW cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 112 37 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 1 57 57 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 2 Substitutions substitution NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 3 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 4 putative putative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 5 active active JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 6 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 7 site site NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 8 residues residue NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 9 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 10 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 11 Appr-1"-pase Appr-1"-pase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 12 domain domain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 13 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 14 which which WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 15 have have VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 16 been be VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 17 confirmed confirm VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 18 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 19 abolish abolish VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 20 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 21 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 22 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 23 vitro vitro FW cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 24 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 25 gave give VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 26 rise rise NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 27 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 28 viable viable JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 29 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 113 30 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 2 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 3 had have VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 4 no no DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 5 apparent apparent JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 6 defects defect NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 7 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 8 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 10 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 11 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 12 grew grow VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 13 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 14 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 15 same same JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 16 titers titer NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 17 as as IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 18 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 19 wild wild JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 20 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 21 type type NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 22 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 114 23 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 115 1 57 57 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 116 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 116 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 116 3 MHV MHV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 116 4 reverse reverse VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 116 5 genetics genetics NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 116 6 data datum NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 1 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 2 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 3 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 4 tolerate tolerate VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 5 specific specific JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 6 substitutions substitution NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 7 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 8 even even RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 9 deletions deletion NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 10 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 11 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 12 replicase replicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 13 gene gene NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 117 14 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 1 For for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 2 example example NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 3 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 4 cleavage cleavage NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 5 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 6 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 7 nsp1|nsp2 nsp1|nsp2 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 8 cleavage cleavage NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 9 site site NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 10 was be VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 11 shown show VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 12 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 13 be be VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 14 dispensable dispensable JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 15 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 16 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 17 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 18 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 19 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 20 even even RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 21 deletion deletion NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 22 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 23 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 24 C C NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 25 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 26 terminal terminal NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 27 part part NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 28 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 29 nsp1 nsp1 NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 30 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 31 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 32 entire entire JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 33 nsp2 nsp2 NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 34 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 35 respectively respectively RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 36 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 37 had have VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 38 only only JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 39 minor minor JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 40 effects effect NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 41 on on IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 42 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 43 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 118 44 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 119 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 119 2 33 33 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 119 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 119 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 119 5 34 34 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 119 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 120 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 120 2 35 35 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 120 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 1 By by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 2 contrast contrast NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 3 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 4 several several JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 5 other other JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 6 mutations mutation NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 7 / / SYM cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 8 deletions deletion NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 9 were be VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 10 tolerated tolerate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 11 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 12 vitro vitro FW cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 13 but but CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 14 caused cause VBD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 15 attenuation attenuation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 16 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 17 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 18 natural natural JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 19 host host NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 121 20 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 1 58 58 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 2 Taken take VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 3 together together RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 4 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 5 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 6 data datum NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 7 suggest suggest VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 8 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 10 replicases replicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 11 have have VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 12 evolved evolve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 13 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 14 include include VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 15 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 16 number number NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 17 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 18 nonessential nonessential JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 19 functions function NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 122 20 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 2 fact fact NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 3 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 4 some some DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 5 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 6 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 7 " " `` cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 8 nonessential nonessential JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 9 " " '' cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 10 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 11 cleavages cleavage NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 12 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 13 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 14 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 15 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 16 conserved conserve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 17 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 18 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 19 or or CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 20 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 21 specific specific JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 22 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 23 genetic genetic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 24 groups group NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 25 suggests suggest VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 26 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 27 they -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 28 provide provide VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 29 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 30 selective selective JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 31 advantage advantage NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 32 only only RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 33 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 34 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 35 host host NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 123 36 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 1 Although although IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 2 much much JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 3 has have VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 4 been be VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 5 learned learn VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 6 about about IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 7 coronavirus coronavirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 8 replicase replicase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 9 organization organization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 10 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 11 localization localization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 12 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 13 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 14 processing processing NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 15 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 16 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 17 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 18 replicative replicative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 19 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 20 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 21 there there EX cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 22 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 23 still still RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 24 major major JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 25 gaps gap NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 26 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 27 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 28 knowledge knowledge NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 124 29 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 1 Inspired inspire VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 2 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 3 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 4 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 5 epidemic epidemic NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 6 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 7 2003 2003 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 8 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 9 numerous numerous JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 10 studies study NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 11 aiming aim VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 12 at at IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 13 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 14 development development NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 15 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 16 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 17 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 18 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 19 antivirals antiviral NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 20 have have VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 21 recently recently RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 22 been be VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 23 published publish VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 24 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 25 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 26 there there EX cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 27 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 28 no no DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 29 doubt doubt NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 30 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 31 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 32 research research NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 33 has have VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 34 gained gain VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 35 momentum momentum NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 36 over over IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 37 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 38 past past JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 39 few few JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 40 years year NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 125 41 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 1 Given give VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 2 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 3 rapidly rapidly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 4 accumulating accumulate VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 5 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 6 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 7 structural structural JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 8 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 9 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 10 genetic genetic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 11 information information NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 12 on on IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 13 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 14 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 15 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 16 more more RBR cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 17 detailed detailed JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 18 understanding understanding NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 19 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 20 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 21 molecular molecular JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 22 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 23 involved involve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 24 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 25 coronaviral coronaviral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 26 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 27 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 28 can can MD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 29 be be VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 30 expected expect VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 31 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 32 emerge emerge VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 33 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 34 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 35 near near JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 36 future future NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 126 37 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 2 will will MD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 3 be be VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 4 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 5 particular particular JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 6 interest interest NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 7 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 8 identify identify VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 9 those those DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 10 proteins protein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 11 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 12 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 13 involved involve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 14 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 15 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 16 specific specific JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 17 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 18 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 19 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 20 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 21 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 22 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 23 such such JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 24 as as IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 25 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 26 production production NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 27 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 28 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 29 nested nested JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 30 set set NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 31 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 32 subgenome subgenome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 33 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 34 length length NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 35 RNAs rna NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 36 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 37 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 38 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 39 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 40 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 41 genomes genome NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 42 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 43 unprecedented unprecedented JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 44 size size NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 127 45 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 2 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 3 studies study NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 4 on on IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 5 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 6 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 7 encoded encode VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 8 RNA rna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 9 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 10 processing process VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 11 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 12 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 14 cellular cellular JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 15 homologs homolog NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 16 might may MD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 17 reveal reveal VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 18 interesting interesting JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 19 insights insight NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 20 into into IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 21 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 22 relationship relationship NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 24 or or CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 25 interplay interplay JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 27 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 28 coronaviral coronaviral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 29 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 30 cellular cellular JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 31 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 32 metabolism metabolism NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 33 pathways pathway NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 128 34 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 1 In in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 2 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 3 long long JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 4 run run NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 5 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 6 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 7 unique unique JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 8 structural structural JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 9 properties property NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 10 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 11 several several JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 12 conserved conserve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 13 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 14 replicative replicative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 15 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 16 may may MD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 17 lead lead VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 18 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 19 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 20 development development NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 21 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 22 selective selective JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 23 enzyme enzyme NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 24 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 25 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 26 possibly possibly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 27 even even RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 28 drugs drug NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 29 suitable suitable JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 30 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 31 treat treat VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 32 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 33 infections infection NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 34 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 35 humans human NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 36 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 37 animals animal NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 129 38 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 130 1 My -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 130 2 work work NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 130 3 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 130 4 supported support VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 130 5 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 130 6 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 130 7 Deutsche Deutsche NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 130 8 Forschungsgemeinschaft Forschungsgemeinschaft NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 130 9 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 130 10 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 130 11 European European NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 130 12 Commission Commission NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 130 13 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 1 Nidovirales nidovirale NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 2 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 3 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 4 new new JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 5 order order NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 6 comprising comprise VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 7 Coronaviridae Coronaviridae NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 8 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 9 Arteriviridae Arteriviridae NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 10 A a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 11 comparative comparative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 12 sequence sequence NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 13 analysis analysis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 14 to to TO cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 15 revise revise VB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 16 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 17 current current JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 18 taxonomy taxonomy NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 19 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 20 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 131 21 family family NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 132 1 Coronaviridae Coronaviridae NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 132 2 Topley Topley NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 132 3 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 132 4 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 132 5 's 's POS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 132 6 Microbiology Microbiology NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 132 7 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 132 8 Microbial Microbial NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 132 9 Infections Infections NNPS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 132 10 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 132 11 mRNA mrna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 133 1 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 133 2 involves involve VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 133 3 fusion fusion NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 133 4 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 133 5 non non JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 133 6 - - JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 133 7 contiguous contiguous JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 133 8 sequences sequence NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 1 An an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 2 efficient efficient JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 3 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 4 frame frame NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 5 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 6 shifting shift VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 7 signal signal NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 8 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 9 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 10 polymerase polymerase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 11 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 12 encoding encode VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 13 region region NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 14 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 15 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 16 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 17 IBV IBV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 18 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 19 genome genome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 20 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 21 prediction prediction NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 22 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 23 putative putative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 24 functional functional JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 25 domains domain NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 26 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 27 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 28 non non JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 29 - - JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 30 structural structural JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 31 polyprotein polyprotein NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 32 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 33 comparative comparative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 34 amino amino NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 35 acid acid NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 36 sequence sequence NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 37 analysis analysis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 38 Big big JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 39 nidovirus nidovirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 40 genome genome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 134 41 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 1 When when WRB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 2 count count NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 3 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 4 order order NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 5 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 6 domains domain NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 7 matter matter VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 8 Unique unique JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 9 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 10 conserved conserve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 11 features feature NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 12 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 13 genome genome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 14 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 15 proteome proteome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 16 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 17 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 18 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 19 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 20 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 21 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 22 early early JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 23 split split NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 24 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 25 off off NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 26 from from IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 27 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 28 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 29 group group NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 30 2 2 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 135 31 lineage lineage NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 3 replicase replicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 4 An An NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 5 ' ' `` cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 6 elaborated elaborate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 7 ' ' '' cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 8 pseudoknot pseudoknot NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 9 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 10 required require VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 11 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 12 high high JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 13 frequency frequency NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 14 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 15 during during IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 16 translation translation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 17 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 18 HCV HCV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 19 229E 229E NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 20 polymerase polymerase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 136 21 mRNA mrna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 2 nucleoprotein nucleoprotein NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 3 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 4 required require VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 5 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 6 efficient efficient JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 8 genome genome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 9 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 10 Selective selective JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 11 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 12 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 13 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 14 genomes genome NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 15 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 16 express express VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 17 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 18 protein protein NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 19 Viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 20 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 21 cellular cellular JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 22 proteins protein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 23 involved involve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 24 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 25 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 26 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 27 Molecular molecular JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 28 biology biology NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 29 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 30 severe severe JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 31 acute acute JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 32 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 33 syndrome syndrome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 34 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 35 Virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 36 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 37 encoded encode VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 38 proteinases proteinase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 39 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 40 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 41 processing processing NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 42 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 43 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 44 Nidovirales Nidovirales NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 45 Structure Structure NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 46 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 137 47 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 1 main main JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 2 proteinase proteinase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 3 reveals reveal VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 4 combination combination NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 5 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 6 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 7 chymotrypsin chymotrypsin NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 8 fold fold JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 9 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 10 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 11 extra extra JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 12 alpha alpha JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 13 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 14 helical helical JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 15 domain domain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 16 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 17 main main JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 18 proteinase proteinase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 20 3CL 3CL NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 21 pro pro JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 23 structure structure NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 24 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 25 basis basis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 26 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 27 design design NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 28 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 29 anti anti JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 30 - - JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 31 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 32 drugs drug NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 33 Dissection Dissection NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 34 study study NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 35 on on IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 36 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 37 severe severe JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 38 acute acute JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 39 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 40 syndrome syndrome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 41 3C 3c NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 42 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 138 43 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 1 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 2 reveals reveal VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 3 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 4 critical critical JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 5 role role NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 6 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 7 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 8 extra extra JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 9 domain domain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 10 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 11 dimerization dimerization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 12 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 13 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 14 enzyme enzyme NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 15 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 16 defining define VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 17 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 18 extra extra JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 19 domain domain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 20 as as IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 21 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 22 new new JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 23 target target NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 24 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 25 design design NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 26 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 27 highly highly RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 28 specific specific JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 29 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 30 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 31 Critical critical JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 32 assessment assessment NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 33 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 34 important important JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 35 regions region NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 36 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 37 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 38 subunit subunit NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 39 association association NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 40 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 41 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 42 action action NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 43 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 44 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 45 severe severe JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 46 acute acute JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 47 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 48 syndrome syndrome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 49 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 50 main main JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 51 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 52 Severe severe JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 53 acute acute JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 54 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 55 syndrome syndrome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 56 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 57 3C 3c NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 58 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 59 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 60 proteinase proteinase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 61 N n CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 62 terminus terminus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 63 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 64 indispensable indispensable JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 65 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 66 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 67 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 68 but but CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 69 not not RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 70 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 71 enzyme enzyme NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 72 dimerization dimerization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 139 73 . . . cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 1 Biochemical biochemical JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 2 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 3 thermodynamic thermodynamic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 4 investigation investigation NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 5 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 6 conjunction conjunction NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 7 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 8 molecular molecular JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 9 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 10 simulations simulation NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 11 Conservation Conservation NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 12 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 13 substrate substrate NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 14 specificities specificity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 15 among among IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 16 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 17 main main JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 140 18 proteases protease NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 2 crystal crystal NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 3 structures structure NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 4 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 5 severe severe JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 6 acute acute JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 8 syndrome syndrome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 9 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 10 main main JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 11 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 12 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 14 complex complex NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 15 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 16 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 17 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 18 Design design NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 19 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 20 wide wide JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 21 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 22 spectrum spectrum NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 23 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 24 targeting target VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 25 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 26 main main JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 27 proteases protease NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 28 Identification identification NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 29 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 30 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 31 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 32 sites site NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 33 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 34 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 35 papain papain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 36 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 37 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 38 cysteine cysteine NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 39 proteinase proteinase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 40 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 41 murine murine JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 42 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 43 Proteolytic Proteolytic NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 44 processing processing NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 45 at at IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 46 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 47 amino amino NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 48 terminus terminus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 49 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 50 human human JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 51 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 52 229E 229e CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 53 gene gene NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 54 1-encoded 1-encoded CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 55 polyproteins polyprotein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 56 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 57 identification identification NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 58 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 59 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 60 papain papain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 61 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 62 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 63 proteinase proteinase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 64 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 65 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 66 substrate substrate NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 67 Characterization characterization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 68 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 69 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 70 two two CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 71 overlapping overlap VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 72 papain papain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 73 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 74 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 75 proteinase proteinase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 76 domains domain NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 77 encoded encode VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 78 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 79 gene gene NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 80 1 1 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 81 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 82 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 83 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 84 infectious infectious JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 85 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 86 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 87 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 88 determination determination NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 89 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 90 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 91 C C NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 92 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 93 terminal terminal NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 94 cleavage cleavage NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 95 site site NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 96 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 97 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 98 87-kDa 87-kda CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 99 protein protein NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 100 Identification identification NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 101 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 102 mouse mouse NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 103 hepatitis hepatitis NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 104 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 105 papain papain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 106 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 107 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 108 proteinase proteinase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 109 2 2 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 110 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 111 Identification identification NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 112 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 113 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 114 novel novel JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 115 cleavage cleavage NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 116 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 117 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 118 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 119 first first JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 120 papain papain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 121 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 122 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 123 proteinase proteinase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 124 domain domain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 125 encoded encode VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 126 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 127 open open JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 128 reading reading NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 129 frame frame NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 130 1a 1a CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 131 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 132 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 141 133 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 142 1 Avian avian JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 142 2 infectious infectious JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 142 3 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 142 4 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 142 5 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 142 6 characterization characterization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 142 7 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 142 8 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 142 9 cleavage cleavage NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 142 10 products product NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 2 autocatalytic autocatalytic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 3 release release NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 4 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 5 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 6 putative putative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 8 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 9 transcription transcription NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 10 factor factor NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 11 from from IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 12 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 13 polyprotein polyprotein JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 14 precursor precursor NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 15 involves involve VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 16 two two CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 17 paralogous paralogous JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 18 papain papain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 19 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 20 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 21 proteases protease NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 22 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 23 cleave cleave VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 24 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 25 same same JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 26 peptide peptide NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 27 bond bond NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 28 Mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 29 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 30 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 31 involved involve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 32 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 33 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 34 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 35 genome genome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 36 expression expression NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 37 Identification identification NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 38 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 39 severe severe JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 40 acute acute JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 41 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 42 syndrome syndrome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 43 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 44 replicase replicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 45 products product NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 46 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 47 characterization characterization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 48 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 49 papain papain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 50 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 51 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 52 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 143 53 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 1 Papain papain NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 2 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 3 like like JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 4 protease protease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 5 2 2 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 7 PLP2 PLP2 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 9 from from IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 10 severe severe JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 11 acute acute JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 13 syndrome syndrome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 14 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 17 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 18 CoV CoV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 20 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 21 expression expression NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 22 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 23 purification purification NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 24 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 25 characterization characterization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 26 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 27 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 28 inhibition inhibition NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 29 Cleavage cleavage NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 30 between between IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 31 replicase replicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 32 proteins protein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 33 p28 p28 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 34 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 35 p65 p65 NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 36 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 37 mouse mouse NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 38 hepatitis hepatitis NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 39 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 40 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 41 not not RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 42 required require VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 43 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 44 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 45 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 46 Mutagenesis Mutagenesis NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 47 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 48 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 49 murine murine JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 50 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 144 51 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 1 nsp1-coding nsp1-coding NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 2 region region NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 3 identifies identify VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 4 residues residue NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 5 important important JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 6 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 7 protein protein NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 8 processing processing NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 9 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 10 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 12 synthesis synthesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 13 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 14 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 15 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 145 16 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 2 nsp2 nsp2 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 3 replicase replicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 4 proteins protein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 5 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 6 murine murine JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 7 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 8 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 9 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 10 severe severe JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 11 acute acute JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 13 syndrome syndrome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 14 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 15 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 16 dispensable dispensable JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 17 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 18 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 146 19 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 2 phylogeny phylogeny NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 3 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 4 RNA rna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 5 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 6 dependent dependent JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 8 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 9 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 10 positive positive JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 11 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 12 strand strand NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 14 viruses virus NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 15 Expression expression NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 16 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 17 purification purification NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 18 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 19 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 20 characterization characterization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 21 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 22 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 23 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 25 polymerase polymerase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 26 Characterization characterization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 27 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 28 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 29 expression expression NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 30 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 31 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 32 localization localization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 33 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 34 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 35 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 36 complex complex NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 37 association association NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 38 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 39 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 40 putative putative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 41 mouse mouse NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 42 hepatitis hepatitis NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 43 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 44 RNAdependent RNAdependent NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 45 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 46 polymerase polymerase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 47 Insights insight NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 48 into into IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 49 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 50 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 51 CoV CoV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 52 transcription transcription NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 53 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 54 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 55 from from IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 56 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 57 structure structure NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 58 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 59 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 60 nsp7-nsp8 nsp7-nsp8 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 147 61 hexadecamer hexadecamer NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 2 severe severe JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 3 acute acute JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 4 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 5 syndrome syndrome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 6 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 8 replicative replicative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 9 protein protein NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 10 nsp9 nsp9 NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 11 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 12 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 13 single single RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 14 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 15 stranded strand VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 16 RNA rna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 17 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 18 binding bind VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 19 subunit subunit NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 20 unique unique JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 21 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 22 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 24 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 148 25 world world NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 2 nsp9 nsp9 DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 3 replicase replicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 4 protein protein NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 5 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 7 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 8 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 9 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 10 structure structure NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 11 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 12 functional functional JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 13 insights insight NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 14 Identification Identification NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 15 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 16 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 17 mutations mutation NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 18 responsible responsible JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 19 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 20 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 21 phenotype phenotype NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 22 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 23 three three CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 24 MHV MHV NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 25 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 26 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 27 negative negative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 28 ts ts NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 29 mutants mutant NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 30 Two two CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 31 related related JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 32 superfamilies superfamily NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 33 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 34 putative putative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 35 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 36 involved involve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 37 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 38 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 39 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 40 recombination recombination NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 41 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 42 repair repair NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 43 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 44 expression expression NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 45 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 46 DNA DNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 47 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 48 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 149 49 genomes genome NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 2 human human JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 3 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 4 229E 229e CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 5 superfamily superfamily NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 6 1 1 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 7 helicase helicase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 8 has have VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 10 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 11 DNA dna NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 12 duplex duplex NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 13 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 14 unwinding unwind VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 15 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 16 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 17 5'-to-3 5'-to-3 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 18 ' ' `` cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 19 polarity polarity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 20 Guanosine Guanosine NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 21 triphosphatase triphosphatase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 22 activity activity NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 23 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 24 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 25 human human JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 150 26 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 151 1 helicase helicase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 152 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 152 2 severe severe JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 152 3 acute acute JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 152 4 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 152 5 syndrome syndrome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 152 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 152 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 152 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 152 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 1 NTPase NTPase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 2 / / SYM cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 3 helicase helicase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 4 belongs belong VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 5 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 6 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 7 distinct distinct JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 8 class class NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 9 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 10 5 5 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 11 ' ' '' cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 12 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 13 3 3 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 14 ' ' '' cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 15 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 153 16 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 1 Multiple multiple JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 2 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 3 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 4 associated associate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 5 with with IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 6 severe severe JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 7 acute acute JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 8 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 9 syndrome syndrome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 10 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 11 helicase helicase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 12 Human human JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 13 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 14 229E 229e CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 15 nonstructural nonstructural JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 16 protein protein NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 17 13 13 CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 18 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 19 characterization characterization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 20 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 21 duplex duplex NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 22 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 23 unwinding unwinding NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 24 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 25 nucleoside nucleoside RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 26 triphosphatase triphosphatase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 27 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 28 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 29 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 30 5'-triphosphatase 5'-triphosphatase CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 154 31 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 1 A a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 2 complex complex JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 3 zinc zinc NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 4 finger finger NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 5 controls control VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 6 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 7 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 8 activities activity NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 9 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 10 nidovirus nidovirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 11 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 12 Biochemical biochemical JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 13 characterization characterization NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 14 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 15 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 16 equine equine JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 17 arteritis arteritis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 18 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 155 19 helicase helicase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 1 suggests suggest VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 2 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 3 close close JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 4 functional functional JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 5 relationship relationship NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 6 between between IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 7 arterivirus arterivirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 8 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 10 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 11 Virus Virus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 12 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 13 encoded encode VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 15 helicases helicase NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 16 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 17 predicted predict VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 18 metal metal NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 19 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 20 binding bind VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 21 region region NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 22 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 23 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 24 arterivirus arterivirus NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 25 helicase helicase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 26 protein protein NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 27 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 28 involved involve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 29 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 30 subgenomic subgenomic NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 31 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 32 synthesis synthesis NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 33 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 34 genome genome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 35 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 36 , , , cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 37 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 38 virion virion NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 156 39 biogenesis biogenesis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 157 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 157 2 severe severe JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 157 3 acute acute JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 157 4 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 157 5 syndrome syndrome NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 157 6 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 1 Nsp15 Nsp15 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 2 protein protein NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 3 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 4 an an DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 5 endoribonuclease endoribonuclease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 6 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 7 prefers prefer VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 8 manganese manganese NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 9 as as IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 10 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 11 cofactor cofactor NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 12 Major major JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 13 genetic genetic JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 14 marker marker NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 15 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 16 nidoviruses nidoviruses NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 17 encodes encode VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 18 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 19 replicative replicative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 158 20 endoribonuclease endoribonuclease NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 1 The the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 2 carboxyl carboxyl NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 3 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 4 terminal terminal NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 5 part part NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 6 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 7 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 8 putative putative JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 9 Berne Berne NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 10 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 11 polymerase polymerase NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 12 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 13 expressed express VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 14 by by IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 15 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 16 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 17 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 18 contains contain VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 19 sequence sequence NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 20 motifs motif NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 21 which which WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 22 indicate indicate VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 23 that that IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 24 toro toro NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 25 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 26 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 27 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 28 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 29 evolutionarily evolutionarily RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 30 related relate VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 31 Equine equine JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 32 arteritis arteritis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 33 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 34 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 35 not not RB cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 36 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 37 togavirus togavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 38 but but CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 39 belongs belong VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 40 to to IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 41 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 42 coronaviruslike coronaviruslike JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 43 superfamily superfamily NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 44 ADP ADP NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 45 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 46 ribose-1"-monophosphatase ribose-1"-monophosphatase NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 47 : : : cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 48 a a DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 49 conserved conserve VBN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 50 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 51 enzyme enzyme NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 52 that that WDT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 53 is be VBZ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 54 dispensable dispensable JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 55 for for IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 56 viral viral JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 57 replication replication NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 58 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 59 tissue tissue NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 60 culture culture NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 61 Single single JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 62 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 63 aminoacid aminoacid JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 64 substitutions substitution NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 65 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 66 open open JJ cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 67 reading reading NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 68 frame frame NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 69 ( ( -LRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 70 ORF ORF NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 159 71 ) ) -RRB- cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 1 1b 1b LS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 2 - - HYPH cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 3 nsp14 nsp14 NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 4 and and CC cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 5 ORF ORF NNP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 6 2a 2a CD cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 7 proteins protein NNS cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 8 of of IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 9 the the DT cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 10 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 11 mouse mouse NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 12 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 13 virus virus NN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 14 are be VBP cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 15 attenuating attenuate VBG cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 16 in in IN cord-349417-vn7q8wc4 160 17 mice mouse NNS