id sid tid token lemma pos cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 1 key key NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 2 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 3 cord-018762-xv8gtwzt cord-018762-xv8gtwzt CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 4 authors author NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 5 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 6 Abdalla Abdalla NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 7 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 8 Rifaat Rifaat NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 9 ; ; : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 10 Tao Tao NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 11 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 12 C. C. NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 13 Vincent Vincent NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 14 ; ; : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 15 Li Li NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 1 16 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 1 Jonathan Jonathan NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 2 title title NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 3 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 4 Challenges challenge NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 5 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 7 Application Application NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 9 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 10 Interoperability Interoperability NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 11 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 12 Emergency Emergency NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 13 Management Management NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 14 date date NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 15 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 16 2007 2007 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 17 journal journal NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 2 18 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 3 1 Geomatics Geomatics NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 3 2 Solutions Solutions NNPS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 3 3 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 4 1 Disaster Disaster NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 4 2 Management Management NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 4 3 DOI DOI NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 4 4 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 1 10.1007/978 10.1007/978 LS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 2 - - SYM cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 3 3 3 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 4 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 5 540 540 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 6 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 7 72108 72108 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 8 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 9 6_25 6_25 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 10 sha sha NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 11 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 12 12ec5fb17d979fc2ba7e7641a53557e78f52e148 12ec5fb17d979fc2ba7e7641a53557e78f52e148 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 13 doc_id doc_id CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 14 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 15 18762 18762 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 16 cord_uid cord_uid FW cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 5 17 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 6 1 xv8gtwzt xv8gtwzt NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 2 paper paper NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 3 highlights highlight VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 4 application application NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 5 challenges challenge NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 6 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 7 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 8 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 9 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 10 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 11 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 12 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 13 emphasis emphasis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 14 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 15 critical critical JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 16 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 17 sectors sector NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 7 18 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 1 In in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 2 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 3 first first JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 4 part part NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 5 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 6 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 7 paper paper NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 8 provides provide VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 9 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 10 comparative comparative JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 11 analysis analysis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 12 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 13 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 14 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 15 operations operation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 16 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 17 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 18 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 19 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 20 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 21 ; ; : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 22 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 23 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 24 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 25 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 26 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 27 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 28 Kitchener Kitchener NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 29 Waterloo Waterloo NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 30 Region Region NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 31 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 32 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 33 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 34 Dufferin Dufferin NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 35 County County NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 8 36 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 1 A a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 2 variety variety NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 4 qualitative qualitative JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 5 research research NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 6 methods method NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 7 were be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 8 employed employ VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 9 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 10 gathering gather VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 11 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 12 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 13 key key JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 14 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 15 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 16 makers maker NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 17 involved involve VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 18 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 19 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 20 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 9 21 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 2 second second JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 3 part part NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 4 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 5 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 6 paper paper NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 7 presents present VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 8 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 9 scenario scenario NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 10 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 11 based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 12 case case NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 13 study study NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 14 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 15 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 16 aims aim VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 17 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 18 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 19 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 20 demonstration demonstration NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 21 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 22 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 23 utility utility NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 24 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 25 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 26 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 27 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 28 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 29 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 30 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 10 31 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 2 paper paper NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 3 also also RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 4 discusses discuss VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 5 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 6 strengths strength NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 7 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 8 weaknesses weakness NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 9 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 10 leveraging leverage VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 11 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 12 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 13 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 14 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 15 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 11 16 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 1 Geographic geographic JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 2 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 3 system system NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 5 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 7 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 8 aims aim VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 9 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 10 ensure ensure VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 11 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 12 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 13 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 14 will will MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 15 allow allow VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 16 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 17 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 18 use use NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 19 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 20 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 21 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 22 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 23 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 24 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 25 services service NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 26 across across IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 27 organizational organizational JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 28 boundaries boundary NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 29 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 30 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 31 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 32 make make VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 33 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 34 available available JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 35 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 36 all all DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 37 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 38 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 39 levels level NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 40 involved involve VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 41 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 42 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 43 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 44 activities activity NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 12 45 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 1 One one CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 2 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 4 first first JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 5 studies study NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 6 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 7 aimed aim VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 8 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 9 characterize characterize VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 10 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 11 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 12 was be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 13 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 14 Bishr Bishr NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 16 1998 1998 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 18 who who WP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 19 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 20 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 21 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 22 need need NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 23 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 24 working work VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 25 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 26 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 27 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 28 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 29 scattered scatter VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 30 over over IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 31 sev sev NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 32 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 33 eral eral JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 34 independent independent JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 35 databases database NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 13 36 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 2 goal goal NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 3 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 4 been be VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 5 achieved achieve VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 6 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 7 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 8 internet internet NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 9 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 10 played play VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 11 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 12 key key JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 13 role role NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 14 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 15 connecting connect VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 16 systems system NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 17 over over IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 18 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 19 common common JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 20 network network NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 21 protocol protocol NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 14 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 1 According accord VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 2 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 3 Erharuyi Erharuyi NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 4 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 5 Fairbairn Fairbairn NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 7 2003 2003 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 9 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 10 real real JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 11 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 12 time time NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 13 ability ability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 14 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 15 visualize visualize VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 16 map map NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 17 locations location NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 18 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 19 determine determine VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 20 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 21 scale scale NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 22 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 23 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 24 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 25 identify identify VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 26 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 27 evacuate evacuate VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 28 at at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 29 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 30 risk risk NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 31 populations population NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 32 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 33 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 34 expedite expedite VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 35 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 36 direct direct JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 37 response response NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 38 efforts effort NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 39 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 40 key key JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 41 areas area NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 42 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 43 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 44 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 45 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 46 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 47 much much RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 48 needed need VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 15 49 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 1 As as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 2 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 3 result result NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 4 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 5 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 6 great great JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 7 deal deal NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 9 interest interest NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 10 towards towards IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 11 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 12 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 13 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 14 using use VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 15 internet internet NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 16 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 17 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 18 rapidly rapidly RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 19 emerging emerge VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 16 20 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 1 Advancements advancement NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 2 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 3 internet internet NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 4 technology technology NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 5 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 6 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 7 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 8 form form NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 9 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 10 high high JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 11 speed speed NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 12 broadband broadband NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 13 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 14 have have VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 15 made make VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 16 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 17 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 18 more more RBR cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 19 effective effective JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 20 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 21 accessible accessible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 17 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 2 paper paper NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 3 will will MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 4 address address VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 5 issues issue NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 6 related relate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 7 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 8 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 9 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 10 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 11 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 12 will will MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 13 examine examine VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 14 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 15 status status NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 16 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 17 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 18 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 19 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 20 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 21 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 22 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 23 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 24 emphasis emphasis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 25 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 26 specific specific JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 27 Ontario Ontario NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 28 municipalities municipality NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 30 i.e. i.e. FW cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 31 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 32 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 33 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 34 Kitchener Kitchener NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 35 Waterloo Waterloo NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 36 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 37 Dufferin Dufferin NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 38 County County NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 18 40 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 2 second second JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 3 part part NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 4 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 5 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 6 paper paper NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 7 will will MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 8 present present VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 9 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 10 example example NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 12 i.e. i.e. FW cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 13 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 14 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 15 demonstration demonstration NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 16 case case NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 17 study study NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 19 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 20 highlights highlight VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 21 benefits benefit NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 22 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 23 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 24 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 25 could could MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 26 bring bring VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 27 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 28 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 29 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 30 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 31 community community NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 19 32 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 1 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 2 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 3 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 4 unique unique JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 5 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 6 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 8 allows allow VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 9 one one PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 10 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 11 ensure ensure VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 12 easy easy JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 13 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 14 compatible compatible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 15 spatial spatial JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 16 data data NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 17 access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 18 over over IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 19 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 20 internet internet NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 22 Visser Visser NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 23 et et NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 24 al al NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 25 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 26 2002 2002 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 20 28 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 1 Farley Farley NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 3 1999 1999 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 5 indicates indicate VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 6 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 7 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 8 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 9 important important JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 10 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 11 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 12 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 13 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 14 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 15 because because IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 17 helps help VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 18 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 19 eliminate eliminate VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 20 system system NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 21 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 22 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 23 heterogeneity heterogeneity NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 21 24 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 2 importance importance NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 4 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 5 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 6 made make VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 7 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 8 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 9 central central JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 10 research research NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 11 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 12 development development NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 13 initiative initiative NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 22 14 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 1 According accord VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 2 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 3 Goodchild Goodchild NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 5 2003 2003 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 7 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 8 aims aim VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 9 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 10 eliminate eliminate VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 11 incompatibilities incompatibility NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 12 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 13 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 14 formats format NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 15 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 16 software software NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 17 products product NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 18 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 19 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 20 spatial spatial JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 21 conceptions conception NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 22 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 23 data data NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 24 quality quality NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 25 standards standard NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 23 26 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 24 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 24 2 distinction distinction NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 24 3 between between IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 24 4 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 24 5 transfer transfer NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 24 6 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 24 7 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 24 8 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 24 9 very very RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 24 10 important important JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 24 11 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 25 1 Table table NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 25 2 1 1 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 25 3 summarizes summarize VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 25 4 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 25 5 differences difference NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 25 6 between between IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 25 7 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 25 8 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 25 9 transfer transfer NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 25 10 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 26 1 Table table NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 26 2 1 1 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 26 3 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 1 Differences difference NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 2 between between IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 4 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 5 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 6 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 7 transfer transfer NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 8 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 9 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 10 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 12 after after IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 13 Glover Glover NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 14 1995 1995 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 27 16 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 2 concept concept NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 4 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 5 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 6 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 7 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 8 shown show VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 9 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 11 Table table NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 12 1 1 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 14 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 15 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 16 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 17 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 18 using use VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 19 standard standard JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 20 protocols protocol NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 21 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 22 control control VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 23 inter inter JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 24 - - JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 25 system system JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 26 access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 27 over over IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 28 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 29 Internet internet NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 28 30 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 1 Disasters disaster NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 2 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 4 impacts impact NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 5 may may MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 6 extend extend VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 7 across across IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 8 large large JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 9 areas area NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 10 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 11 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 12 when when WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 13 dealing deal VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 14 within within IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 15 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 16 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 17 context context NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 18 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 19 invariably invariably RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 20 involves involve VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 21 large large JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 22 volumes volume NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 23 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 24 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 29 25 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 1 Thus thus RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 2 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 3 simulating simulate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 4 natural natural JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 5 disasters disaster NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 6 may may MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 7 require require VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 8 advanced advanced JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 9 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 10 high high JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 11 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 12 capacity capacity NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 13 computing computing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 14 capabilities capability NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 30 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 1 Satellite satellite NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 2 imagery imagery NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 3 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 4 digital digital JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 5 elevation elevation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 6 models model NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 7 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 8 vector vector NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 9 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 10 available available JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 11 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 12 municipalities municipality NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 13 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 14 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 15 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 16 provincial provincial JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 17 authorities authority NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 18 may may MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 19 exceed exceed VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 20 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 21 processing processing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 22 capacity capacity NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 23 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 24 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 25 desktop desktop NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 26 computer computer NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 31 27 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 3 one one CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 4 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 5 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 6 areas area NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 7 where where WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 8 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 9 strength strength NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 10 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 11 network network NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 12 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 13 centric centric NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 14 computing computing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 15 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 16 systems system NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 17 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 18 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 19 required require VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 32 20 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 1 Interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 2 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 3 also also RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 4 allow allow VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 5 efficient efficient JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 6 share share NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 7 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 8 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 9 / / SYM cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 10 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 11 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 12 near near JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 13 real real JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 14 time time NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 15 when when WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 16 one one NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 17 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 18 experiencing experience VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 19 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 20 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 33 21 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 2 Open Open NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 3 Geospatial Geospatial NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 4 Consortium Consortium NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 6 OGC OGC NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 8 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 9 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 10 US US NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 11 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 12 based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 13 Industry Industry NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 14 consortium consortium NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 15 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 16 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 17 members member NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 18 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 19 government government NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 20 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 21 academia academia NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 22 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 23 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 24 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 25 mandate mandate NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 26 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 27 develop develop VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 28 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 29 foster foster VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 30 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 31 specifications specification NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 33 OGC OGC NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 34 2002a 2002a CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 34 36 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 35 1 OGC OGC NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 35 2 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 35 3 initiated initiate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 35 4 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 35 5 specifications specification NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 35 6 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 1 Three three CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 2 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 3 these these DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 4 specifications specification NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 5 represent represent VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 7 backbone backbone NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 8 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 9 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 10 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 11 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 12 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 13 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 14 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 15 Web Web NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 16 Map Map NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 17 Service Service NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 19 WMS WMS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 21 specification specification NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 22 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 23 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 24 standardizes standardize VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 25 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 26 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 27 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 28 requests request NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 29 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 30 response response NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 31 between between IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 32 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 33 server server NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 34 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 35 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 36 client client NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 37 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 38 efficient efficient JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 39 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 40 sharing sharing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 36 41 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 1 Web Web NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 2 Feature Feature NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 3 Service Service NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 5 WFS WFS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 7 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 8 controls control VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 9 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 10 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 11 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 12 basic basic JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 13 edits edit NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 14 over over IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 15 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 16 internet internet NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 37 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 1 Web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 2 Coverage Coverage NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 3 Service Service NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 5 WCS WCS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 7 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 8 standardizes standardize VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 9 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 10 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 11 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 12 exploring explore VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 13 coverage coverage NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 14 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 38 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 1 A a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 2 comparative comparative JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 3 analysis analysis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 4 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 5 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 6 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 7 resources resource NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 8 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 9 needs need NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 10 was be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 11 conducted conduct VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 12 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 13 order order NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 14 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 15 examine examine VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 16 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 17 actual actual JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 18 need need NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 19 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 20 interoperable interoperable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 21 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 22 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 23 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 24 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 25 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 39 26 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 1 A a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 2 focus focus NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 3 was be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 4 placed place VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 5 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 7 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 9 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 10 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 11 since since IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 13 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 14 one one CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 15 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 16 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 17 largest large JJS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 18 metropolitan metropolitan JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 19 centers center NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 20 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 21 Canada Canada NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 40 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 2 study study NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 3 compared compare VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 4 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 5 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 6 similar similar JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 7 selected select VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 8 medium medium JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 9 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 10 small small JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 11 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 12 sized sized JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 13 cities city NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 14 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 15 Canada Canada NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 41 16 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 4 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 5 was be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 6 chosen choose VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 7 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 8 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 9 basis basis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 10 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 11 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 12 comparable comparable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 13 size size NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 14 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 15 similar similar JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 16 administrative administrative JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 17 structure structure NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 18 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 19 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 20 similarity similarity NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 21 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 22 operational operational JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 23 activities activity NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 24 related relate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 25 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 26 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 27 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 42 28 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 1 A a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 2 questionnaire questionnaire NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 3 was be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 4 carefully carefully RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 5 designed design VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 6 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 7 order order NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 8 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 9 address address VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 10 three three CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 11 issues issue NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 12 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 13 namely namely RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 14 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 15 1 1 LS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 17 usability usability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 18 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 19 network network NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 20 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 21 centric centric NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 22 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 23 ; ; : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 24 2 2 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 26 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 27 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 28 appli appli NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 29 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 30 cations cation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 31 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 32 examples example NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 33 ; ; : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 34 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 35 3 3 LS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 37 issues issue NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 38 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 39 challenges challenge NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 40 related relate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 41 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 42 having have VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 43 interoperating interoperate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 44 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 45 systems system NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 43 46 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 2 questionnaire questionnaire NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 3 was be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 4 sent send VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 5 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 6 each each DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 7 municipality municipality NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 8 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 9 answers answer NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 10 obtained obtain VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 11 either either CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 12 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 13 email email NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 14 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 15 or or CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 16 through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 17 conference conference NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 18 call call NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 44 19 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 2 third third JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 3 part part NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 4 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 5 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 6 methodology methodology NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 7 involved involve VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 8 providing provide VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 9 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 10 example example NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 11 showcase showcase NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 12 solution solution NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 13 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 14 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 15 optimal optimal JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 16 application application NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 17 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 18 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 19 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 20 each each DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 21 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 22 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 23 municipalities municipality NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 24 studied study VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 45 25 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 2 developed developed JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 3 application application NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 4 utilized utilize VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 5 datasets dataset NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 6 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 7 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 8 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 9 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 10 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 11 obtained obtain VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 12 through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 13 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 14 Map Map NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 15 Library Library NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 16 at at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 17 York York NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 18 University University NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 19 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 20 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 21 digital digital JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 22 elevation elevation NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 23 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 24 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 25 watershed watershed JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 26 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 27 obtained obtain VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 28 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 29 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 30 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 31 Region Region NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 32 Conservation Conservation NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 33 Authority Authority NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 46 34 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 47 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 47 2 methodology methodology NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 47 3 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 47 4 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 47 5 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 47 6 study study NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 47 7 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 47 8 shown show VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 47 9 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 47 10 Fig Fig NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 47 11 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 48 1 1 1 LS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 48 2 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 48 3 _SP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 4 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 5 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 6 located locate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 7 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 8 southeastern southeastern JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 9 Ontario Ontario NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 10 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 11 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 12 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 13 broad broad JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 14 sloping sloping JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 15 plateau plateau NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 16 cut cut VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 17 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 18 numerous numerous JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 19 river river NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 20 valleys valley NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 49 21 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 1 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 2 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 3 one one CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 4 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 5 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 6 largest large JJS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 7 cities city NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 8 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 9 Canada Canada NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 10 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 11 covers cover VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 12 641 641 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 13 sq sq NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 14 km km NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 15 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 16 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 17 stretches stretch VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 18 43 43 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 19 km km NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 20 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 21 east east NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 22 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 23 west west NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 24 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 25 21 21 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 26 km km NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 27 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 28 north north NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 29 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 30 south south NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 31 at at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 32 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 33 longest long JJS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 34 points point NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 36 Wright Wright NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 37 et et NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 38 al al NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 39 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 40 2000 2000 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 50 42 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 4 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 5 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 6 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 7 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 8 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 9 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 10 involved involve VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 11 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 12 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 13 mapping mapping NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 14 ; ; : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 15 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 16 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 17 known know VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 18 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 19 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 20 Department Department NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 21 Emergency Emergency NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 22 Mapping Mapping NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 23 Services Services NNPS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 51 24 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 2 was be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 3 formed form VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 4 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 5 1999 1999 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 6 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 7 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 8 result result NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 9 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 10 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 11 amalgamation amalgamation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 12 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 13 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 14 municipalities municipality NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 15 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 16 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 17 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 18 Scarborough Scarborough NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 19 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 20 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 21 North North NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 22 York York NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 23 into into IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 24 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 25 Greater Greater NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 26 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 27 Area Area NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 29 GTA GTA NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 52 31 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 2 Emergency Emergency NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 3 Mapping Mapping NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 4 Services Services NNPS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 5 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 7 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 9 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 10 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 11 working work VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 12 toward toward IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 13 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 14 advanced advanced JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 15 level level NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 16 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 17 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 18 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 19 integrates integrate VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 20 data data NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 21 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 22 processing processing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 23 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 24 se se FW cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 25 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 26 mantics mantic NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 27 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 28 both both DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 29 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 30 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 31 services service NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 53 32 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 1 Currently currently RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 2 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 3 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 4 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 5 using use VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 6 both both DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 7 desktop desktop JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 8 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 9 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 10 web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 11 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 12 based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 13 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 14 technologies technology NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 15 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 16 processing processing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 17 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 18 coordinating coordinate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 19 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 20 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 21 activities activity NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 54 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 2 staff staff NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 4 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 5 mapping mapping NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 6 services service NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 7 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 8 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 9 comprised comprise VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 10 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 11 over over IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 12 180 180 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 13 personnel personnel NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 14 ranging range VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 15 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 16 responsibility responsibility NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 17 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 18 technical technical JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 19 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 20 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 21 roles role NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 55 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 56 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 56 2 Emergency Emergency NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 56 3 Mapping Mapping NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 56 4 Department Department NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 56 5 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 56 6 located locate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 56 7 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 56 8 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 56 9 three three CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 56 10 story story NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 56 11 facility facility NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 56 12 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 1 Surprisingly surprisingly RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 2 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 4 funding funding NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 5 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 6 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 7 facility facility NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 8 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 9 estimated estimate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 10 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 11 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 12 less less JJR cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 13 than than IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 14 1 1 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 15 % % NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 16 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 17 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 18 total total JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 19 budget budget NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 20 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 21 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 22 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 23 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 24 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 57 25 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 1 Web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 2 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 3 based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 4 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 5 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 6 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 7 thought think VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 8 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 9 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 10 critically critically RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 11 important important JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 12 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 13 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 14 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 15 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 16 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 17 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 18 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 19 evidenced evidence VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 20 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 21 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 22 fact fact NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 23 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 24 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 25 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 26 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 27 moving move VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 28 all all DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 29 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 30 mapping mapping NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 31 services service NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 32 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 33 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 34 toward toward IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 35 web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 36 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 37 based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 38 technologies technology NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 58 39 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 2 best good JJS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 3 examples example NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 4 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 5 incidents incident NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 6 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 7 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 8 web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 9 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 10 based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 11 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 12 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 13 was be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 14 determined determine VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 15 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 16 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 17 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 18 great great JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 19 use use NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 20 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 21 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 22 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 23 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 24 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 25 include include VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 26 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 27 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 28 exchange exchange NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 29 between between IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 30 local local JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 31 governments government NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 32 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 33 exchange exchange NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 34 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 35 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 36 between between IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 37 government government NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 38 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 39 business business NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 40 users user NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 41 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 42 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 43 exchange exchange NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 44 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 45 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 46 between between IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 47 government government NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 48 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 49 utility utility NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 50 companies company NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 59 51 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 2 IT IT NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 3 group group NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 4 at at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 5 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 6 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 7 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 8 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 9 believes believe VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 10 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 11 Web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 12 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 13 based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 14 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 15 represents represent VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 16 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 17 coming come VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 18 generation generation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 19 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 20 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 21 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 22 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 23 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 24 will will MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 25 eventually eventually RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 26 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 27 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 28 ubiquitously ubiquitously RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 60 29 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 2 Emergency Emergency NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 3 Mapping Mapping NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 4 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 5 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 7 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 9 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 10 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 11 coordinating coordinate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 12 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 13 civil civil JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 14 society society NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 15 organizations organization NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 16 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 17 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 18 working work VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 19 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 20 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 21 social social JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 22 dimensions dimension NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 23 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 24 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 25 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 26 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 27 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 28 response response NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 29 aid aid NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 30 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 31 terms term NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 32 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 33 cooperative cooperative JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 34 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 35 sharing sharing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 36 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 37 sharing share VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 38 common common JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 39 data data NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 40 exchange exchange NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 41 standards standard NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 42 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 43 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 44 providing provide VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 45 cross cross NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 46 training training NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 47 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 48 staff staff NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 61 49 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 1 A a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 2 need need NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 3 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 4 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 5 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 6 was be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 7 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 8 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 9 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 10 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 11 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 12 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 13 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 14 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 15 variety variety NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 16 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 17 occasions occasion NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 62 18 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 2 most most RBS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 3 recent recent JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 4 examples example NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 5 involved involve VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 7 modeling modeling NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 9 West West NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 10 Nile Nile NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 11 Virus Virus NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 12 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 13 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 14 Severe severe JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 15 Acute acute JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 16 Respiratory Respiratory NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 17 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 19 SARS SARS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 63 21 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 1 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 2 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 3 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 4 very very RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 5 useful useful JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 6 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 7 modeling model VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 8 epidemic epidemic NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 9 disease disease NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 10 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 11 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 12 since since IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 13 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 14 provides provide VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 15 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 16 location location NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 17 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 18 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 19 diffusion diffusion NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 20 patterns pattern NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 21 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 22 visual visual JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 23 databases database NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 64 24 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 1 As as RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 2 well well RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 3 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 5 provides provide VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 7 desired desired JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 8 level level NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 9 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 10 coordination coordination NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 11 between between IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 12 health health NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 13 authorities authority NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 14 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 15 municipal municipal JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 16 authorities authority NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 17 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 18 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 19 community community NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 20 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 21 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 22 makers maker NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 65 23 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 4 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 5 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 6 also also RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 7 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 8 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 9 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 10 planning planning NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 11 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 12 two two CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 13 massive massive JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 14 festivals festival NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 15 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 16 namely namely RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 17 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 19 1 1 LS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 21 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 22 World World NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 23 Youth Youth NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 24 Day Day NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 25 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 26 2001 2001 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 27 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 28 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 30 2 2 LS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 32 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 33 rolling rolling JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 34 stones stone NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 35 concert concert NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 36 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 37 2003 2003 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 66 38 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 67 1 These these DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 67 2 two two CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 67 3 events event NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 67 4 were be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 67 5 attended attend VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 67 6 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 67 7 hundreds hundred NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 67 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 67 9 thousands thousand NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 67 10 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 67 11 people people NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 67 12 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 1 In in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 2 case case NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 4 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 5 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 6 would would MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 7 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 8 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 9 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 10 easy easy JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 11 task task NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 12 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 13 find find VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 14 suitable suitable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 15 dispatch dispatch NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 16 routes route NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 17 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 18 or or CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 19 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 20 nearest near JJS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 21 hospital hospital NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 22 or or CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 23 service service NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 24 provider provider NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 68 25 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 69 1 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 69 2 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 69 3 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 69 4 certainly certainly RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 69 5 help help VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 69 6 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 69 7 each each DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 69 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 69 9 these these DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 69 10 aspects aspect NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 69 11 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 1 In in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 2 addition addition NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 3 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 4 those those DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 5 examples example NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 6 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 7 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 8 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 9 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 10 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 11 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 12 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 13 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 14 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 15 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 16 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 17 variety variety NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 18 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 19 evacuation evacuation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 20 plans plan NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 21 including include VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 22 Nuclear Nuclear NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 23 Planning Planning NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 24 Exercises Exercises NNPS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 70 25 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 4 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 5 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 6 located locate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 7 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 8 southwestern southwestern JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 9 British British NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 10 Columbia Columbia NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 11 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 12 Canada Canada NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 13 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 14 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 15 part part NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 16 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 17 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 18 Greater Greater NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 19 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 20 Regional Regional NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 21 District District NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 23 GVRD GVRD NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 25 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 26 otherwise otherwise RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 27 called call VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 28 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 29 Lower Lower NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 30 Mainland Mainland NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 71 31 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 2 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 3 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 4 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 5 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 7 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 9 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 10 's 's POS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 11 agency agency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 12 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 13 deals deal VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 14 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 15 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 16 mapping mapping NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 72 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 1 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 2 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 3 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 4 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 5 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 6 at at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 7 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 8 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 9 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 10 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 11 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 12 over over IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 13 15 15 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 14 years year NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 15 old old JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 73 16 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 2 makes make VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 3 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 4 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 5 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 6 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 7 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 8 at at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 9 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 10 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 11 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 12 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 13 very very RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 14 mature mature JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 74 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 1 Both both DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 2 desktop desktop NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 3 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 4 internet internet NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 5 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 6 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 7 addition addition NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 8 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 9 mobile mobile JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 10 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 11 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 12 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 13 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 14 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 15 regular regular JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 16 basis basis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 17 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 18 processing processing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 19 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 20 coordinating coordinate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 21 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 22 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 23 activities activity NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 24 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 25 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 26 field field NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 75 27 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 2 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 3 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 4 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 5 at at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 7 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 9 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 10 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 11 administered administer VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 12 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 13 about about RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 14 20 20 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 15 technical technical JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 16 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 17 staff staff NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 18 members member NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 76 19 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 2 operates operate VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 4 Emergency Emergency NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 5 Operation Operation NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 6 Centre Centre NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 8 EOC EOC NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 10 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 11 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 12 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 13 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 14 command command NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 15 control control NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 16 center center NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 17 wherein wherein WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 18 all all DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 19 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 20 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 21 stakeholders stakeholder NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 23 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 24 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 25 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 26 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 27 Province Province NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 28 BC BC NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 29 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 30 PSEPC PSEPC NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 31 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 32 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 33 RCMP RCMP NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 35 meet meet VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 36 during during IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 37 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 38 situations situation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 77 39 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 1 EOC EOC NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 3 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 4 sophisticated sophisticated JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 5 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 6 center center NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 7 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 8 provides provide VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 9 complete complete JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 10 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 11 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 12 services service NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 13 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 14 including include VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 15 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 16 modeling modeling NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 17 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 18 Visualization visualization NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 78 19 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 4 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 5 relies rely VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 6 mainly mainly RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 7 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 8 desktop desktop JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 9 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 10 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 11 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 12 processing processing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 13 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 14 but but CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 15 also also RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 16 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 17 mobile mobile JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 18 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 19 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 20 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 21 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 22 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 23 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 24 field field NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 25 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 26 collection collection NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 79 27 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 4 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 5 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 6 expressed express VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 7 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 8 keen keen JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 9 interest interest NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 10 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 11 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 12 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 13 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 14 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 15 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 16 coordination coordination NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 80 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 2 aim aim NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 4 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 5 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 6 Technology Technology NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 7 development development NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 8 plan plan NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 9 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 10 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 11 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 12 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 13 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 14 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 15 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 16 create create VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 17 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 18 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 19 database database NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 20 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 21 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 22 as as RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 23 complete complete JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 24 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 25 possible possible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 26 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 27 one one CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 28 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 29 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 30 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 31 updated update VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 32 daily daily RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 33 or or CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 34 even even RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 35 more more RBR cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 36 frequently frequently RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 37 if if IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 38 necessary necessary JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 81 39 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 1 Additionally additionally RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 2 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 4 important important JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 5 role role NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 6 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 7 web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 8 - - : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 9 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 10 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 11 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 12 day day NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 13 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 14 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 15 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 16 day day NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 17 activities activity NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 18 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 19 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 20 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 21 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 22 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 23 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 24 further further RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 25 justified justify VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 26 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 27 need need NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 28 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 29 interoperable interoperable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 30 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 82 31 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 2 justification justification NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 3 stems stem VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 4 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 5 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 6 multi multi JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 7 - - JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 8 stakeholder stakeholder JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 9 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 10 multi multi JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 11 - - NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 12 institution institution JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 13 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 14 multi multi JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 15 - - JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 16 tier tier JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 17 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 18 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 19 making making NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 20 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 83 21 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 1 Using use VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 2 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 3 same same JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 4 levels level NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 5 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 6 integration integration NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 7 evident evident JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 8 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 9 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 10 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 11 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 12 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 13 ; ; : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 14 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 15 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 16 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 17 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 18 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 19 integrating integrate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 20 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 21 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 22 sources source NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 23 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 24 various various JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 25 governmental governmental JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 26 levels level NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 27 as as RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 28 well well RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 29 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 30 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 31 business business NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 33 e.g. e.g. RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 34 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 35 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 36 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 37 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 38 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 39 also also RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 40 shares share VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 41 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 42 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 43 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 44 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 45 's 's POS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 46 vision vision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 47 that that DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 48 web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 49 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 50 based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 51 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 52 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 53 will will MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 54 dominate dominate VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 55 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 56 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 57 future future NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 84 59 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 1 There there EX cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 3 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 4 high high JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 5 level level NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 6 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 7 coordination coordination NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 8 between between IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 9 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 10 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 11 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 12 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 13 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 15 NGOs NGOs NNPS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 16 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 17 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 18 represented represent VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 19 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 20 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 21 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 22 Emergency Emergency NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 23 Operations Operations NNPS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 24 Centre Centre NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 26 EOC EOC NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 85 28 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 2 coordination coordination NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 3 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 4 allow allow VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 5 these these DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 6 organizations organization NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 7 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 8 have have VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 9 direct direct JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 10 involvement involvement NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 11 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 12 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 13 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 14 making make VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 15 processes process NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 16 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 17 as as RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 18 well well RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 19 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 20 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 21 facilitate facilitate VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 23 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 24 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 25 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 26 access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 27 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 28 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 29 Emergency Emergency NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 30 Operations Operations NNPS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 31 Center Center NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 86 32 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 4 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 5 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 6 extended extend VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 8 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 9 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 10 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 11 address address VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 12 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 13 social social JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 14 implications implication NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 15 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 16 disasters disaster NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 87 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 4 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 5 coordinates coordinate VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 6 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 7 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 8 delivery delivery NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 9 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 10 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 11 interoperating interoperate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 12 manner manner NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 13 locally locally RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 14 between between IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 15 Engineering Engineering NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 16 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 17 Police Police NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 18 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 19 Fire Fire NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 20 departments department NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 21 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 22 as as RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 23 well well RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 24 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 25 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 26 other other JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 27 governmental governmental JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 28 agencies agency NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 88 29 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 1 Field field NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 2 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 3 collection collection NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 4 using use VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 5 mobile mobile JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 6 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 7 devices device NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 8 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 9 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 10 most most RBS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 11 advanced advanced JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 12 application application NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 13 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 14 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 89 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 1 In in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 2 terms term NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 4 challenges challenge NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 5 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 7 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 9 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 10 EOC EOC NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 11 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 12 provided provide VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 13 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 14 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 15 's 's POS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 16 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 17 expertise expertise NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 18 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 19 various various JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 20 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 21 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 22 making make VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 23 levels level NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 24 involved involve VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 25 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 26 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 27 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 28 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 29 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 90 30 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 2 might may MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 3 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 4 justified justify VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 5 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 7 fact fact NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 8 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 9 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 10 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 11 considered consider VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 12 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 13 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 14 more more RBR cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 15 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 16 than than IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 17 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 18 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 19 due due IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 20 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 21 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 22 's 's POS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 23 location location NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 24 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 25 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 26 seismically seismically RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 27 active active JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 28 zone zone NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 29 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 30 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 31 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 32 's 's POS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 33 proximity proximity NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 34 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 35 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 36 ocean ocean NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 91 37 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 4 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 5 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 6 identified identify VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 7 intergovernmental intergovernmental JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 8 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 9 sharing sharing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 10 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 11 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 12 issue issue NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 13 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 14 achieving achieve VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 15 collaborative collaborative JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 16 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 17 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 18 coordination coordination NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 92 19 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 3 largely largely RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 4 due due JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 5 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 7 difficulty difficulty NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 9 extracting extract VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 10 important important JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 11 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 12 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 13 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 14 system system NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 93 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 4 Kitchener Kitchener NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 5 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 6 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 7 southwestern southwestern JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 8 Ontario Ontario NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 9 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 10 had have VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 11 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 12 population population NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 13 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 14 about about RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 15 204,000 204,000 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 16 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 17 2004 2004 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 19 Dept Dept NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 20 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 21 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 22 Geography Geography NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 23 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 24 University University NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 25 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 26 Western Western NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 27 Ontario Ontario NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 28 2000 2000 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 94 30 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 1 Kitchener Kitchener NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 4 location location NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 5 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 7 Waterloo Waterloo NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 8 Regional Regional NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 9 Municipality Municipality NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 10 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 11 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 12 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 13 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 14 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 15 smaller small JJR cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 16 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 17 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 18 Waterloo Waterloo NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 95 19 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 2 IT IT NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 3 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 4 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 5 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 6 region region NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 7 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 8 responsible responsible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 9 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 10 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 11 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 12 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 13 including include VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 14 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 15 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 16 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 96 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 1 Both both DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 2 desktop desktop NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 3 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 4 internet internet NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 5 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 6 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 7 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 8 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 9 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 10 emphasis emphasis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 11 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 12 desktop desktop NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 13 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 97 14 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 1 Waterloo Waterloo NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 2 Region Region NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 3 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 4 utilized utilize VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 5 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 6 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 7 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 8 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 9 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 10 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 11 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 12 first first JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 13 time time NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 14 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 15 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 16 preparation preparation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 17 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 18 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 19 Ontario Ontario NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 20 Emergency Emergency NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 21 Management Management NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 22 Act Act NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 98 23 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 1 In in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 2 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 3 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 4 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 5 complying comply VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 6 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 7 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 8 act act NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 9 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 10 Environment Environment NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 11 Canada Canada NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 12 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 13 launched launch VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 14 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 15 atmospheric atmospheric JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 16 hazards hazard NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 17 website website NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 19 www.hazards.ca www.hazards.ca NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 20 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 22 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 23 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 24 provides provide VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 25 interoperable interoperable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 26 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 27 service service NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 28 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 29 all all DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 30 municipalities municipality NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 99 31 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 1 Table1 Table1 NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 3 showing show VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 4 comparative comparative JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 5 analysis analysis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 6 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 7 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 8 handling handling NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 9 capabilities capability NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 10 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 11 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 12 studied study VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 13 municipalities municipality NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 100 14 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 1 As as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 3 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 4 obvious obvious JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 5 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 6 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 7 table table NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 8 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 9 larger large JJR cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 10 municipalities municipality NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 11 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 12 have have VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 13 better well JJR cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 14 resources resource NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 101 16 _SP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 102 1 Dufferin Dufferin NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 102 2 County County NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 102 3 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 102 4 located locate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 102 5 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 102 6 south south JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 102 7 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 102 8 central central JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 102 9 Ontario Ontario NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 102 10 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 102 11 Canada Canada NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 102 12 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 1 Orangeville Orangeville NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 2 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 4 County County NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 5 seat seat NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 6 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 7 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 8 located locate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 9 approximately approximately RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 10 75 75 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 11 km km NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 12 north north NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 13 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 14 west west NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 15 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 16 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 103 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 2 consists consist VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 4 three three CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 5 towns town NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 6 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 7 Mono Mono NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 8 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 9 Orangeville Orangeville NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 10 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 11 Shelburne Shelburne NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 12 ; ; : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 13 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 14 five five CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 15 rural rural JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 16 townships township NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 17 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 18 Amaranth Amaranth NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 19 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 20 East East NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 21 Garafraxa Garafraxa NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 22 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 23 East East NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 24 Luther Luther NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 25 Grand Grand NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 26 Valley Valley NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 27 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 28 Melancthon Melancthon NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 29 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 30 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 31 Mulmur Mulmur NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 104 32 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 1 Although although IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 2 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 3 region region NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 4 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 5 small small JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 6 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 8 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 9 had have VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 10 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 11 Emergency Emergency NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 12 Management Management NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 13 Coordinator Coordinator NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 14 since since IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 15 1989 1989 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 105 16 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 106 1 Dufferin Dufferin NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 106 2 County County NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 106 3 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 106 4 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 106 5 typical typical JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 106 6 small small JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 106 7 region region NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 106 8 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 106 9 limited limited JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 106 10 resources resource NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 106 11 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 1 Emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 2 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 3 activities activity NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 4 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 5 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 6 region region NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 7 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 8 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 9 directly directly RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 10 related relate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 11 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 12 compared compare VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 13 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 14 large large JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 15 regions region NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 107 16 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 1 Dufferin Dufferin NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 2 County County NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 3 does do VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 4 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 5 have have VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 6 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 7 specialized specialized JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 8 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 9 officer officer NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 10 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 11 deal deal VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 12 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 13 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 14 mapping mapping NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 15 issues issue NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 108 16 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 1 All all DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 2 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 3 work work NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 4 related relate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 5 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 6 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 7 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 8 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 9 other other JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 10 activities activity NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 11 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 12 managed manage VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 13 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 14 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 15 public public JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 16 works work VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 17 drafts draft VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 18 person person NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 109 19 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 1 Table table NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 2 2 2 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 3 shows show VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 4 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 5 comparative comparative JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 6 operational operational JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 7 analysis analysis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 8 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 9 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 10 municipalities municipality NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 11 assessed assess VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 12 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 13 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 14 study study NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 110 16 _SP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 2 section section NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 3 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 4 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 5 optimal optimal JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 6 solution solution NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 7 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 8 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 9 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 10 might may MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 11 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 12 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 13 enhancing enhance VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 14 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 15 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 16 operations operation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 111 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 2 designed design VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 3 demonstration demonstration NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 4 scenario scenario NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 5 stems stem VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 6 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 7 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 8 various various JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 9 problems problem NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 10 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 11 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 12 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 13 systems system NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 14 heterogeneity heterogeneity NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 15 found find VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 16 when when WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 17 analyzing analyze VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 18 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 19 utility utility NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 20 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 21 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 22 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 23 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 24 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 25 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 26 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 27 four four CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 28 local local JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 29 governments government NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 112 30 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 3 important important JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 4 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 5 mention mention VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 6 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 7 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 8 main main JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 9 objective objective NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 10 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 11 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 12 section section NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 13 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 14 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 15 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 16 how how WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 17 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 18 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 19 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 20 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 21 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 22 solution solution NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 23 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 24 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 25 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 113 26 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 1 Hypothetically hypothetically RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 2 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 3 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 4 response response NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 5 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 6 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 7 simulated simulate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 8 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 9 order order NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 10 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 11 show show VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 12 how how WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 13 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 14 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 15 functions function NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 16 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 17 such such PDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 18 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 19 situation situation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 20 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 21 what what WP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 22 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 23 could could MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 24 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 25 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 26 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 27 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 28 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 29 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 30 makers maker NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 114 31 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 1 In in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 2 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 3 present present JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 4 case case NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 5 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 6 when when WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 7 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 8 various various JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 9 flood flood NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 10 scenarios scenario NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 11 under under IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 12 different different JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 13 flood flood NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 14 levels level NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 15 have have VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 16 been be VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 17 simulated simulate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 18 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 19 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 20 damages damage NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 21 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 22 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 23 assessed assess VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 24 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 25 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 26 results result NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 27 obtained obtain VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 28 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 29 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 30 published publish VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 31 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 32 visualized visualize VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 33 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 34 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 35 3D 3d JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 36 web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 37 environment environment NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 38 using use VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 39 GeoServNet GeoServNet NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 115 40 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 1 A a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 2 hypothetical hypothetical JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 3 flood flood NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 4 scenario scenario NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 5 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 7 Don Don NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 8 Valley Valley NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 9 was be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 10 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 11 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 12 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 13 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 14 solution solution NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 15 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 16 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 17 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 18 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 19 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 20 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 21 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 22 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 116 23 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 2 Don Don NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 3 River River NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 4 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 5 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 6 system system NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 7 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 8 flows flow VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 9 through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 10 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 11 Greater Greater NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 12 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 13 Area Area NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 15 GTA GTA NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 117 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 2 origin origin NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 4 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 5 Don Don NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 6 River River NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 7 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 8 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 9 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 10 Oak Oak NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 11 Ridges Ridges NNPS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 12 Moraine Moraine NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 13 where where WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 14 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 15 headwaters headwater NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 16 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 17 fed feed VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 18 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 19 numerous numerous JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 20 aquifers aquifer NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 118 21 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 2 river river NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 3 then then RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 4 flows flow VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 5 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 6 38 38 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 7 km km NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 8 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 9 Lake Lake NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 10 Ontario Ontario NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 11 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 12 providing provide VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 13 drainage drainage NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 14 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 15 360 360 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 16 square square JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 17 km km NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 18 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 19 land land NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 119 20 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 2 section section NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 3 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 4 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 5 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 6 study study NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 7 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 8 part part NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 9 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 10 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 11 Don Don NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 12 Valley Valley NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 13 watershed watershed NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 14 system system NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 15 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 16 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 17 province province NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 18 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 19 Ontario Ontario NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 20 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 21 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 22 shown show VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 23 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 24 Figure figure NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 25 2 2 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 120 26 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 1 DMTI DMTI NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 2 Topographic Topographic NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 3 digital digital JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 4 maps map NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 5 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 6 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 7 form form NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 9 shapefiles shapefile NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 10 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 11 DEM DEM NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 12 were be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 13 obtained obtain VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 14 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 15 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 16 York York NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 17 University University NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 18 Map Map NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 19 library library NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 21 DMTI DMTI NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 22 2004 2004 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 121 24 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 1 Topographic topographic JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 2 sheets sheet NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 4 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 5 area area NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 6 were be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 7 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 8 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 9 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 10 reference reference NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 11 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 12 conducting conduct VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 13 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 14 study study NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 122 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 123 1 Data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 123 2 describing describe VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 123 3 flow flow NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 123 4 statistics statistic NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 123 5 were be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 123 6 simulated simulate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 123 7 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 1 Based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 2 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 4 Ontario Ontario NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 5 Emergency Emergency NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 6 Management Management NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 7 Doctrine Doctrine NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 9 EMO EMO NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 10 2004 2004 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 12 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 13 different different JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 14 ministries ministry NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 15 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 16 responsible responsible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 17 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 18 dealing deal VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 19 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 20 different different JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 21 natural natural JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 22 hazards hazard NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 124 23 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 2 section section NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 3 provides provide VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 4 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 5 generic generic JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 6 overview overview NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 7 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 8 what what WP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 9 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 10 exact exact JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 11 benefits benefit NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 12 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 13 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 14 each each DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 15 ministry ministry NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 16 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 17 gain gain VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 18 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 19 utilizing utilize VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 20 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 21 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 125 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 1 Due due IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 2 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 3 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 4 privacy privacy NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 5 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 6 security security NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 7 issues issue NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 8 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 10 was be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 11 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 12 possible possible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 13 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 14 simulate simulate VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 15 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 16 model model NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 17 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 18 part part NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 19 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 20 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 21 real real JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 22 exercise exercise NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 126 23 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 127 1 However however RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 127 2 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 127 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 127 4 adopted adopt VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 127 5 techniques technique NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 127 6 have have VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 127 7 closely closely RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 127 8 mimicked mimic VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 127 9 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 127 10 simulation simulation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 127 11 exercise exercise NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 127 12 environment environment NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 127 13 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 2 TRCA TRCA NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 3 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 4 responsible responsible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 5 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 6 flood flood NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 7 simulation simulation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 8 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 9 floodplain floodplain NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 10 mapping mapping NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 11 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 12 water water NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 13 surface surface NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 14 measurement measurement NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 128 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 129 1 All all DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 129 2 hydraulics hydraulic NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 129 3 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 129 4 hydrology hydrology NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 129 5 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 129 6 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 129 7 under under IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 129 8 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 129 9 custody custody NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 129 10 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 129 11 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 129 12 TRCA TRCA NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 129 13 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 1 In in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 2 such such PDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 3 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 4 event event NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 5 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 6 TRCA TRCA NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 7 will will MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 8 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 9 flood flood NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 10 models model NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 11 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 12 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 13 through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 14 interoperable interoperable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 15 access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 16 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 17 all all DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 18 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 19 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 20 makers maker NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 21 involved involve VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 130 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 1 Products product NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 2 like like IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 4 flood flood NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 5 plain plain NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 6 map map NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 7 shown show VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 8 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 9 Figure figure NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 10 2 2 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 11 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 12 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 13 simulated simulate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 14 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 15 made make VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 16 available available JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 17 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 18 all all DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 19 actors actor NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 20 involved involve VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 131 21 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 1 Real real JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 2 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 3 semi semi JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 4 - - JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 5 real real JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 6 time time NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 7 situational situational JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 8 awareness awareness NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 9 models model NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 10 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 11 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 12 generated generate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 13 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 14 accessed access VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 15 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 16 demand demand NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 17 based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 18 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 19 stakeholder stakeholder NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 20 needs need NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 132 21 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 133 1 Access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 133 2 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 133 3 tabular tabular JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 133 4 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 133 5 text text NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 133 6 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 133 7 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 133 8 also also RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 133 9 possible possible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 133 10 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 1 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 2 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 3 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 4 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 5 services service NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 6 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 7 responsible responsible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 8 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 9 providing provide VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 10 services service NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 11 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 12 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 13 variety variety NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 14 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 15 situations situation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 16 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 17 ranging range VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 18 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 19 simple simple JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 20 road road NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 21 maintenance maintenance NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 22 closures closure NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 23 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 24 extreme extreme JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 25 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 26 situations situation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 134 27 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 2 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 3 produces produce VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 4 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 5 hosts host VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 6 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 7 own own JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 8 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 9 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 10 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 11 aims aim VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 12 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 13 make make VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 14 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 15 standardized standardize VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 16 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 17 interoperable interoperable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 18 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 19 other other JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 20 parties party NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 135 21 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 4 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 5 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 6 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 7 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 8 about about IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 9 land land NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 10 use use NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 11 categories category NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 12 affected affect VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 13 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 14 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 15 result result NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 16 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 17 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 18 flood flood NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 19 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 20 about about IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 21 what what WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 22 kind kind NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 23 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 24 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 25 sectors sector NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 26 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 27 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 28 impacted impact VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 29 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 30 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 31 flood flood NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 32 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 33 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 34 shown show VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 35 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 36 Figure Figure NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 37 4 4 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 136 38 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 2 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 3 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 4 also also RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 5 pro pro VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 6 - - JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 7 vide vide JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 8 real real JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 9 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 10 time time NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 11 field field NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 12 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 13 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 14 utilizing utilize VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 15 interoperable interoperable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 16 mobile mobile JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 17 devices device NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 18 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 19 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 20 collection collection NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 21 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 22 transmission transmission NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 137 23 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 2 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 3 Police Police NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 4 Service Service NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 5 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 6 responsible responsible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 7 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 8 maintaining maintain VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 9 law law NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 10 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 11 order order NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 12 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 13 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 14 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 138 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 1 In in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 2 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 3 situations situation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 4 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 5 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 6 police police NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 7 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 8 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 9 utilize utilize VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 10 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 11 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 12 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 13 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 14 very very RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 15 efficient efficient JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 16 way way NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 139 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 2 includes include VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 3 accessing access VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 4 flood flood NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 5 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 6 provided provide VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 7 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 8 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 9 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 10 's 's POS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 11 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 12 mapping mapping NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 13 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 14 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 15 that that DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 16 provided provide VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 17 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 18 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 19 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 20 Region Region NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 21 Conservation Conservation NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 22 Authority Authority NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 24 TRCA TRCA NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 26 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 27 pinpointing pinpoint VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 28 areas area NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 29 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 30 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 31 most most RBS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 32 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 33 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 34 traffic traffic NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 35 problems problem NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 140 36 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 1 Based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 2 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 3 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 4 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 5 they -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 6 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 7 deploy deploy VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 8 officers officer NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 9 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 10 organize organize VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 11 traffic traffic NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 12 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 13 that that DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 14 region region NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 141 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 1 Another another DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 2 example example NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 4 how how WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 5 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 6 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 7 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 8 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 9 utilized utilize VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 10 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 11 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 12 police police NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 13 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 14 transmit transmit VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 15 real real JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 16 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 17 time time NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 18 field field NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 19 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 20 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 21 traffic traffic NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 22 problems problem NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 23 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 24 or or CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 25 any any DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 26 related related JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 27 security security NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 28 problems problem NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 29 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 30 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 31 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 32 fly fly NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 33 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 34 all all DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 35 stakeholders stakeholder NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 36 involved involve VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 37 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 38 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 39 particular particular JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 40 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 41 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 42 scenario scenario NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 142 43 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 1 In in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 2 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 3 situations situation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 4 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 5 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 6 fire fire NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 7 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 8 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 9 play play VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 10 role role NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 11 similar similar JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 12 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 13 that that DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 14 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 15 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 16 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 17 police police NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 18 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 19 however however RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 20 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 21 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 22 addition addition NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 23 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 24 fire fire NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 25 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 26 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 27 assist assist VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 28 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 29 evacuation evacuation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 30 operations operation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 31 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 32 particular particular JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 33 locations location NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 34 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 35 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 36 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 143 37 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 1 Also also RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 2 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 3 fire fire NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 4 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 5 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 6 access access VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 7 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 8 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 9 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 10 provided provide VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 11 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 12 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 13 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 14 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 15 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 16 TRCA TRCA NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 17 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 18 identify identify VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 19 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 20 most most RBS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 21 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 22 areas area NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 23 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 24 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 25 concentrate concentrate VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 26 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 27 efforts effort NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 28 there there RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 144 29 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 1 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 2 EMS EMS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 3 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 4 utilize utilize VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 5 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 6 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 7 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 8 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 9 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 10 predicting predict VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 11 areas area NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 12 at at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 13 high high JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 14 risk risk NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 15 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 16 experiencing experience VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 17 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 18 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 19 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 20 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 21 planning plan VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 22 how how WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 23 they -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 24 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 25 dispatch dispatch VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 26 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 27 services service NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 28 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 29 these these DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 30 areas area NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 145 31 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 1 Another another DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 2 important important JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 3 utility utility NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 4 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 5 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 6 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 7 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 8 teroperability teroperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 9 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 10 EMS EMS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 11 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 12 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 13 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 14 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 15 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 16 situations situation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 17 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 19 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 20 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 21 easy easy JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 22 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 23 prioritize prioritize VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 24 your -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 25 response response NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 26 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 27 calls call NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 28 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 29 different different JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 30 parts part NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 31 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 32 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 33 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 146 34 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 1 Knowing know VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 2 where where WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 3 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 4 call call NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 5 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 6 coming come VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 7 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 8 relative relative JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 9 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 10 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 11 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 12 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 13 invaluable invaluable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 14 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 15 prioritizing prioritize VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 16 response response NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 147 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 1 A a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 2 key key JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 3 role role NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 4 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 5 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 6 EMO emo NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 7 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 8 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 9 monitor monitor VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 10 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 11 situations situation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 12 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 13 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 14 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 15 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 16 get get VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 17 involved involve VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 18 unless unless IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 20 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 21 required require VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 148 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 1 Towards towards IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 2 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 3 end end NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 4 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 5 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 6 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 7 could could MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 8 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 9 EMO emo NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 10 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 11 improved improved JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 12 situational situational JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 13 awareness awareness NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 14 models model NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 15 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 16 assembling assemble VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 17 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 18 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 19 all all DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 20 different different JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 21 departments department NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 22 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 23 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 24 make make VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 25 these these DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 26 available available JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 27 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 28 basic basic JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 29 analysis analysis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 30 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 31 visualization visualization NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 32 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 33 shown show VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 34 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 35 Figure Figure NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 36 3 3 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 149 37 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 2 legend legend NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 3 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 4 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 5 clip clip NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 6 was be VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 7 captured capture VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 8 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 9 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 10 web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 11 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 12 based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 13 program program NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 150 14 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 3 interactive interactive JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 4 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 5 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 6 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 7 shown show VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 8 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 9 either either CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 10 activating activate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 11 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 12 legend legend NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 13 feature feature NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 14 or or CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 15 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 16 pointing point VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 17 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 18 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 19 particular particular JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 20 item item NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 21 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 22 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 23 map map NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 151 24 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 1 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 2 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 3 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 4 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 5 enormous enormous JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 6 benefits benefit NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 7 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 8 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 9 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 10 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 11 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 12 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 13 community community NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 152 14 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 3 clear clear JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 4 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 5 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 6 analysis analysis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 7 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 8 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 9 questionnaire questionnaire NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 10 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 11 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 12 level level NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 13 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 14 capability capability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 15 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 16 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 17 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 18 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 19 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 20 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 21 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 22 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 23 very very RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 24 well well RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 25 established establish VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 26 or or CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 27 utilized utilize VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 28 at at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 29 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 30 municipal municipal JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 31 level level NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 32 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 33 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 34 particular particular JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 35 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 36 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 37 small small JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 38 municipalities municipality NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 39 studied study VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 153 40 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 1 Networkcentric Networkcentric NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 2 computing computing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 3 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 4 necessary necessary JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 5 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 6 processing process VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 7 large large JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 8 volumes volume NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 9 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 10 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 11 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 12 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 13 achieved achieve VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 14 through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 15 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 16 sharing sharing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 17 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 18 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 19 computing computing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 20 power power NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 21 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 22 other other JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 23 systems system NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 24 within within IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 25 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 26 network network NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 154 27 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 1 A a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 2 limitation limitation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 4 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 5 non non JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 6 - - JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 7 interoperable interoperable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 8 environment environment NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 9 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 10 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 11 users user NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 12 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 13 different different JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 14 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 15 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 16 making make VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 17 levels level NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 18 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 19 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 20 able able JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 21 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 22 access access VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 23 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 24 same same JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 25 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 26 at at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 27 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 28 same same JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 29 time time NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 155 30 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 1 In in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 2 such such PDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 3 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 4 case case NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 5 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 6 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 7 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 8 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 9 simple simple JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 10 task task NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 11 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 12 secure secure VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 13 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 14 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 15 access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 16 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 17 processing processing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 156 18 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 2 makes make VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 4 elimination elimination NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 5 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 6 system system NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 7 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 8 data data NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 9 heterogeneity heterogeneity NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 10 potentially potentially RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 11 very very RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 12 useful useful JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 13 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 14 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 15 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 16 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 157 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 1 Such such JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 2 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 3 make make VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 4 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 5 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 6 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 7 highly highly RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 8 demanding demanding JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 9 mechanism mechanism NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 10 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 11 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 12 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 13 coordination coordination NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 158 14 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 159 1 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 159 2 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 159 3 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 159 4 very very RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 159 5 useful useful JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 159 6 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 159 7 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 159 8 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 159 9 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 159 10 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 159 11 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 1 Disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 2 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 3 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 4 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 5 stakeholders stakeholder NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 6 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 7 benefit benefit VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 8 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 9 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 10 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 11 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 12 gaining gain VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 13 access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 14 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 15 standard standard JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 16 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 17 fast fast JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 18 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 19 accessible accessible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 20 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 21 shared share VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 22 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 23 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 24 achieving achieve VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 25 efficient efficient JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 26 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 27 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 28 making make VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 29 processes process NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 160 30 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 2 section section NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 3 will will MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 4 highlight highlight VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 5 some some DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 6 key key JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 7 implementation implementation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 8 benefits benefit NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 9 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 10 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 11 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 12 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 13 community community NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 14 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 15 gain gain VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 16 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 17 leveraging leverage VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 18 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 19 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 161 20 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 1 Establishing establish VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 2 advanced advanced JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 3 interoperable interoperable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 4 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 5 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 6 services service NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 7 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 8 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 9 key key JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 10 future future JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 11 aim aim NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 12 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 13 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 14 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 15 technology technology NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 16 development development NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 17 plans plan NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 18 at at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 19 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 20 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 21 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 22 To To NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 23 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 24 ronto ronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 162 25 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 1 A a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 2 second second JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 3 aim aim NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 4 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 5 that that DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 6 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 7 providing provide VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 8 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 9 required require VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 10 geomatics geomatics NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 11 services service NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 12 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 13 support support VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 14 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 15 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 16 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 17 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 18 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 19 detection detection NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 20 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 21 prevention prevention NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 22 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 23 planning planning NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 24 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 25 response response NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 26 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 27 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 28 recovery recovery NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 29 challenges challenge NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 163 30 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 4 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 5 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 6 working work VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 7 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 8 improving improve VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 9 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 10 extending extend VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 11 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 12 current current JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 13 level level NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 14 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 15 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 16 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 17 order order NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 18 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 19 improve improve VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 20 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 21 efficacy efficacy NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 22 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 24 Disaster Disaster NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 25 Management Management NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 26 coordination coordination NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 164 27 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 3 also also RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 4 working work VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 5 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 6 improve improve VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 7 networkcentric networkcentric JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 8 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 9 computing compute VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 10 through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 11 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 12 three three CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 13 year year NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 14 evaluation evaluation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 15 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 16 upgrading upgrading NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 17 plan plan NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 165 18 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 2 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 4 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 5 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 6 considering consider VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 7 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 8 extend extend VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 9 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 10 visualization visualization NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 11 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 12 analysis analysis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 13 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 14 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 15 include include VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 16 3D 3d JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 17 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 166 18 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 4 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 5 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 6 also also RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 7 looking look VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 8 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 9 university university NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 10 contribution contribution NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 11 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 12 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 13 area area NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 14 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 15 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 16 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 17 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 18 sharing sharing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 167 19 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 1 Emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 2 service service NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 3 must must MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 4 aim aim VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 5 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 6 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 7 timely timely JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 8 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 9 accurate accurate JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 10 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 11 whereby whereby WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 12 geospatial geospatial JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 13 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 14 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 15 geoprocessing geoprocessing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 16 services service NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 17 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 18 easily easily RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 19 accessible accessible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 20 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 21 capable capable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 22 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 23 being be VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 24 shared share VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 25 across across IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 26 jurisdictions jurisdiction NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 27 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 28 multiple multiple JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 29 security security NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 30 levels level NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 168 31 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 1 Also also RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 2 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 4 city city NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 5 plans plan NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 6 go go VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 7 further further RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 8 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 9 advance advance VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 10 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 11 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 12 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 13 capabilities capability NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 14 through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 15 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 16 hosting hosting NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 17 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 18 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 19 web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 20 map map NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 21 service service NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 23 WMS WMS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 24 / / SYM cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 25 WFS WFS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 27 site site NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 169 28 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 4 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 5 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 6 Emergency Emergency NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 7 Mapping Mapping NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 8 Department Department NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 9 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 10 also also RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 11 aiming aim VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 12 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 13 get get VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 14 assistance assistance NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 15 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 16 universities university NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 17 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 18 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 19 development development NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 20 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 21 Disaster Disaster NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 22 Management Management NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 23 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 24 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 25 regards regard NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 26 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 27 standards standard NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 28 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 29 specifications specification NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 30 development development NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 170 31 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 2 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 4 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 5 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 6 intending intend VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 7 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 8 use use VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 9 web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 10 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 11 based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 12 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 13 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 14 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 15 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 16 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 17 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 18 response response NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 19 projects project NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 20 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 21 operational operational JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 22 plans plan NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 23 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 24 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 25 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 26 event event NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 27 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 28 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 29 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 30 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 31 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 32 constitutes constitute VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 33 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 34 Geomatics Geomatics NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 35 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 36 centric centric NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 37 Incidence Incidence NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 38 Response Response NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 171 39 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 2 specific specific JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 3 benefits benefit NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 4 resulting result VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 5 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 6 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 7 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 8 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 9 summarized summarize VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 10 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 11 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 12 following follow VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 13 several several JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 14 sections section NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 172 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 173 1 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 173 2 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 173 3 allows allow VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 173 4 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 173 5 open open JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 173 6 access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 173 7 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 173 8 multiple multiple JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 173 9 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 173 10 sources source NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 173 11 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 2 benefit benefit NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 3 helps help VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 4 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 5 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 6 makers maker NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 7 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 8 access access VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 9 multiple multiple JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 10 servers server NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 11 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 12 thereby thereby RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 13 obtaining obtain VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 14 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 15 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 16 services service NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 17 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 18 do do VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 19 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 20 necessarily necessarily RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 21 occur occur VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 22 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 23 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 24 same same JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 25 location location NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 26 or or CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 27 even even RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 28 within within IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 29 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 30 same same JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 31 organizational organizational JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 32 boundary boundary NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 33 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 34 that that DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 35 matter matter NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 174 36 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 1 Through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 2 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 3 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 4 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 5 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 6 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 7 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 8 community community NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 9 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 10 move move VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 11 towards towards IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 12 one one CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 13 or or CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 14 several several JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 15 closely closely RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 16 related related JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 17 standard standard JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 18 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 19 formats format NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 20 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 21 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 22 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 23 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 24 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 25 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 26 transfer transfer NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 27 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 28 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 29 sharing sharing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 175 30 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 1 Standards standard NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 2 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 3 based base VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 4 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 5 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 6 helps help VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 7 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 8 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 9 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 10 simple simple JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 11 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 12 accessible accessible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 13 means mean NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 14 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 15 integration integration NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 16 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 17 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 18 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 19 makers maker NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 176 20 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 3 crucial crucial JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 4 since since IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 5 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 6 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 7 operations operation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 8 stand stand VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 9 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 10 benefit benefit VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 11 considerably considerably RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 12 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 13 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 14 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 15 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 16 allows allow VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 17 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 18 timely timely JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 19 gathering gathering NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 20 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 21 modeling modeling NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 22 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 23 analysis analysis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 24 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 25 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 177 26 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 1 If if IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 2 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 3 system system NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 4 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 5 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 6 simple simple JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 7 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 8 accessible accessible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 10 will will MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 11 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 12 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 13 easily easily RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 14 implemented implement VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 15 during during IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 16 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 17 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 18 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 19 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 20 response response NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 178 21 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 1 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 2 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 3 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 4 through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 5 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 6 standardized standardized JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 7 protocols protocol NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 8 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 9 allowed allow VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 10 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 11 users user NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 12 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 13 utilize utilize VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 14 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 15 simple simple JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 16 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 17 standard standard JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 18 service service NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 179 19 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 1 Within within IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 2 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 3 context context NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 4 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 5 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 6 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 7 transparency transparency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 8 refers refer VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 9 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 10 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 11 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 12 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 13 accessing access VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 14 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 15 sharing share VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 16 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 17 between between IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 18 systems system NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 19 without without IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 20 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 21 use use NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 22 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 23 complicated complicated JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 24 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 25 cumbersome cumbersome JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 26 protocols protocol NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 180 27 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 2 differs differ VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 3 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 4 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 5 concept concept NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 6 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 7 ' ' `` cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 8 common common JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 9 format format NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 10 ' ' '' cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 11 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 12 that that DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 13 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 14 common common JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 15 format format NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 16 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 17 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 18 necessarily necessarily RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 19 easy easy JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 20 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 21 use use VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 181 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 1 Through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 2 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 3 transparent transparent JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 4 system system NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 5 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 6 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 7 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 8 stakeholders stakeholder NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 9 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 10 readily readily RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 11 access access VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 12 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 13 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 14 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 15 systems system NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 16 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 17 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 18 external external JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 19 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 21 system system NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 22 domain domain NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 182 23 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 183 1 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 183 2 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 183 3 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 183 4 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 183 5 expanded expand VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 183 6 or or CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 183 7 contracted contract VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 183 8 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 183 9 adding add VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 183 10 or or CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 183 11 eliminating eliminate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 183 12 nodes node NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 183 13 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 2 flexibility flexibility NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 3 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 4 scalability scalability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 5 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 6 systems system NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 7 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 8 services service NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 9 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 10 useful useful JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 11 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 12 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 13 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 14 operations operation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 15 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 16 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 17 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 18 due due IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 19 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 21 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 22 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 23 fast fast RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 24 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 25 paced pace VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 26 nature nature NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 27 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 28 require require VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 29 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 30 previously previously RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 31 unexpected unexpected JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 32 situations situation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 33 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 34 accommodated accommodate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 184 35 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 1 To to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 2 date date NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 3 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 4 considerable considerable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 5 effort effort NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 6 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 7 been be VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 8 expended expend VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 9 toward toward IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 10 providing provide VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 11 efficient efficient JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 12 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 13 interoperable interoperable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 14 solutions solution NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 15 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 16 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 17 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 18 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 19 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 185 20 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 1 However however RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 2 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 3 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 4 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 5 remains remain VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 6 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 7 stimulating stimulate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 8 field field NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 9 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 10 research research NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 11 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 12 still still RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 13 underway underway JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 14 into into IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 15 addressing address VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 16 many many JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 17 aspects aspect NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 18 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 19 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 186 20 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 2 following follow VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 3 subsections subsection NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 4 address address VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 5 specific specific JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 6 problems problem NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 7 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 8 challenges challenge NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 9 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 10 remain remain VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 11 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 12 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 13 field field NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 187 14 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 1 From from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 2 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 3 operational operational JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 4 perspective perspective NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 5 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 6 there there EX cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 7 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 8 particular particular JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 9 issues issue NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 10 related relate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 11 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 12 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 13 degree degree NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 14 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 15 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 16 data data NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 17 conversion conversion NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 18 hinders hinder VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 19 efficient efficient JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 20 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 21 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 188 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 2 may may MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 3 arise arise VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 4 if if IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 5 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 6 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 7 example example NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 8 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 9 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 10 particular particular JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 11 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 12 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 13 using use VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 14 engineering engineering NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 15 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 16 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 17 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 18 stored store VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 19 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 20 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 21 Computer Computer NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 22 Aided aid VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 23 Design Design NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 25 CAD CAD NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 27 format format NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 28 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 29 another another DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 30 department department NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 31 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 32 using use VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 33 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 34 stored store VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 35 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 36 ArcGIS ArcGIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 37 shapefile shapefile NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 38 formats format NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 189 39 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 1 These these DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 2 two two CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 3 formats format NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 4 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 5 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 6 made make VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 7 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 8 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 9 compatible compatible JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 10 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 11 converting convert VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 12 CAD CAD NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 13 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 14 into into IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 15 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 16 shapefile shapefile NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 17 format format NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 190 18 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 2 time time NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 3 required require VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 4 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 5 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 6 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 7 depends depend VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 8 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 9 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 10 size size NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 11 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 12 system system NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 13 capabilities capability NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 191 14 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 192 1 Different different JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 192 2 processes process NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 192 3 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 192 4 techniques technique NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 192 5 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 192 6 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 192 7 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 192 8 different different JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 192 9 departments department NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 192 10 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 193 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 193 2 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 193 3 create create VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 193 4 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 193 5 obstacle obstacle NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 193 6 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 193 7 achieving achieve VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 193 8 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 193 9 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 193 10 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 194 1 A a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 194 2 streamlined streamlined JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 194 3 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 194 4 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 194 5 system system NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 194 6 capabilities capability NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 194 7 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 194 8 required require VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 194 9 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 194 10 effective effective JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 194 11 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 194 12 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 194 13 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 1 Different different JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 2 departments department NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 3 have have VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 4 specialized specialize VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 5 staff staff NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 6 expertise expertise NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 7 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 8 technical technical JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 9 capabilities capability NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 10 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 11 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 12 makes make VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 14 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 15 difficult difficult JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 16 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 17 delaying delay VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 18 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 19 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 20 comply comply VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 21 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 22 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 23 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 24 requirements requirement NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 195 25 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 196 1 Another another DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 196 2 issue issue NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 196 3 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 196 4 related relate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 196 5 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 196 6 bandwidth bandwidth NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 196 7 load load NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 196 8 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 3 very very RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 4 important important JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 5 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 6 securing secure VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 7 efficient efficient JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 8 network network NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 9 performance performance NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 10 without without IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 11 overloading overload VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 12 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 13 particular particular JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 14 network network NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 197 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 1 Data data NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 2 maintenance maintenance NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 3 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 4 update update NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 5 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 6 another another DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 7 issue issue NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 8 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 9 represents represent VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 10 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 11 obstacle obstacle NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 12 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 13 achieving achieve VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 14 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 15 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 198 16 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 1 Where where WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 2 there there EX cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 3 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 4 no no DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 5 clear clear JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 6 policy policy NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 7 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 8 identifies identify VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 9 roles role NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 10 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 11 responsibilities responsibility NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 12 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 13 each each DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 14 node node NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 15 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 16 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 17 interoperable interoperable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 18 system system NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 19 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 20 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 21 update update NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 22 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 23 maintenance maintenance NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 24 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 25 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 26 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 27 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 28 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 29 challenge challenge NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 199 30 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 1 Access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 2 rights right NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 3 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 4 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 5 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 6 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 7 such such JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 8 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 9 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 10 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 11 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 12 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 13 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 14 represent represent VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 15 another another DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 16 issue issue NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 200 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 1 Much much JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 2 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 3 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 4 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 5 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 6 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 7 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 8 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 9 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 10 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 11 variety variety NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 12 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 13 reasons reason NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 14 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 15 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 16 meant mean VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 17 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 18 public public JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 19 access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 20 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 21 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 22 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 23 result result NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 24 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 25 categorized categorize VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 26 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 27 ' ' `` cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 28 classified classify VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 29 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 201 30 ' ' '' cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 1 What what WP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 2 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 4 criteria criterion NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 5 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 6 should should MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 7 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 8 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 9 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 10 categorize categorize VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 11 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 12 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 13 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 14 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 15 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 16 specific specific JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 17 clearance clearance NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 18 level level NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 202 19 ? ? . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 3 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 4 key key JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 5 question question NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 6 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 7 challenge challenge NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 8 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 9 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 10 represent represent VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 11 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 12 serious serious JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 13 obstacle obstacle NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 14 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 15 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 16 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 203 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 1 Another another DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 2 crucial crucial JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 3 issue issue NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 4 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 5 related relate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 6 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 7 corporate corporate JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 8 technology technology NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 9 procurement procurement NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 10 policies policy NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 11 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 12 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 13 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 14 contribute contribute VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 15 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 16 delayed delay VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 17 implementation implementation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 204 18 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 2 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 3 evident evident JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 4 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 5 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 6 study study NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 7 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 8 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 9 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 10 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 11 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 12 produces produce VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 13 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 14 owns own VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 15 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 16 own own JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 17 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 18 while while IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 19 at at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 20 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 21 same same JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 22 time time NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 23 using use VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 24 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 25 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 26 other other JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 27 neighboring neighboring NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 28 regions region NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 205 29 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 2 level level NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 4 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 5 sharing sharing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 6 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 7 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 8 form form NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 9 does do VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 10 n't not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 11 constitute constitute VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 12 ' ' `` cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 13 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 14 ' ' '' cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 206 15 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 1 However however RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 2 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 3 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 4 could could MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 5 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 6 enhanced enhance VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 7 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 8 using use VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 9 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 10 exchange exchange NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 11 standards standard NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 12 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 13 make make VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 14 these these DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 15 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 16 useable useable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 17 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 18 only only RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 19 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 20 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 21 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 22 neighboring neighboring NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 23 regions region NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 24 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 25 but but CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 26 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 27 any any DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 28 other other JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 29 institution institution NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 30 involved involve VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 31 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 32 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 33 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 34 operations operation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 207 35 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 2 same same JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 3 benefit benefit NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 4 could could MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 5 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 6 gained gain VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 7 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 8 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 9 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 10 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 11 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 12 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 13 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 14 utilizes utilize VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 15 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 16 locally locally RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 17 produced produce VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 18 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 19 along along IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 20 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 21 other other JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 22 non non JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 23 - - JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 24 proprietary proprietary JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 25 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 208 26 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 1 Waterloo Waterloo NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 2 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 3 Dufferin Dufferin NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 4 regions region NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 5 utilize utilize VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 6 external external JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 7 data data NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 8 sets set NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 9 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 10 indicating indicate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 11 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 12 clear clear JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 13 need need NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 14 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 15 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 16 standards standard NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 17 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 18 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 19 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 20 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 21 since since IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 22 both both DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 23 regions region NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 24 use use VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 25 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 26 same same JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 27 web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 28 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 29 service service NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 30 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 31 have have VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 32 different different JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 33 problems problem NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 34 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 35 could could MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 36 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 37 eliminated eliminate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 38 through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 39 proper proper JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 40 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 41 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 42 sharing sharing NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 209 43 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 2 region region NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 4 Waterloo Waterloo NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 5 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 6 indicated indicate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 7 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 8 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 9 when when WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 10 utilizing utilize VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 11 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 12 Environment Environment NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 13 Canada Canada NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 14 web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 15 service service NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 16 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 17 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 18 they -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 19 had have VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 20 experienced experience VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 21 problems problem NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 22 related relate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 23 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 24 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 25 level level NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 26 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 27 detail detail NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 28 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 29 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 30 layer layer NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 31 matching matching NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 210 32 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 2 indicates indicate VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 3 heterogeneity heterogeneity NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 4 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 5 could could MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 6 have have VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 7 been be VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 8 avoided avoid VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 9 through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 10 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 11 use use NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 12 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 13 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 14 standard standard JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 15 data data NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 16 model model NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 17 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 18 format format NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 211 19 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 2 Dufferin Dufferin NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 3 region region NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 4 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 5 manager manager NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 6 faced face VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 7 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 8 problem problem NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 9 when when WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 10 dealing deal VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 11 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 12 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 13 online online JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 14 web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 15 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 16 service service NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 17 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 18 finding find VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 20 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 21 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 22 too too RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 23 technical technical JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 24 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 25 nature nature NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 212 26 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 1 In in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 2 contrast contrast NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 3 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 4 large large JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 5 cities city NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 6 like like IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 7 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 8 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 9 Vancouver Vancouver NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 10 have have VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 11 specialized specialize VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 12 technical technical JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 13 departments department NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 14 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 15 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 16 capable capable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 17 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 18 dealing deal VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 19 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 20 technical technical JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 21 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 22 issues issue NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 213 23 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 1 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 2 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 3 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 4 help help VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 5 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 6 eliminating eliminate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 7 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 8 detailed detailed JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 9 technical technical JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 10 expertise expertise NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 11 required require VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 12 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 13 utilize utilize VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 14 desk desk NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 15 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 16 top top JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 17 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 18 packages package NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 19 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 20 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 21 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 22 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 23 considerable considerable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 24 additional additional JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 25 benefit benefit NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 26 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 27 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 28 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 29 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 30 leveraged leverage VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 31 over over IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 32 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 33 internet internet NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 34 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 35 many many JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 36 users user NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 37 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 214 38 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 1 As as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 2 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 3 case case NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 4 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 5 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 6 City City NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 7 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 8 Toronto Toronto NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 9 indicated indicate VBD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 10 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 11 large large JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 12 cities city NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 13 produce produce VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 14 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 15 utilize utilize VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 16 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 17 share share VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 18 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 19 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 20 other other JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 21 users user NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 215 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 1 However however RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 2 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 3 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 4 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 5 performed perform VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 6 through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 7 procedural procedural JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 8 data data NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 9 exchange exchange NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 10 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 11 through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 12 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 13 systematic systematic JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 14 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 15 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 16 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 216 17 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 1 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 2 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 3 achieves achieve VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 4 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 5 capacity capacity NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 6 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 7 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 9 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 10 allow allow VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 11 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 12 decentralized decentralized JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 13 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 14 handling handling NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 15 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 16 access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 17 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 18 different different JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 19 servers server NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 217 20 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 1 Waterloo Waterloo NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 2 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 3 Dufferin Dufferin NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 4 counties county NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 5 are be VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 6 able able JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 7 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 8 access access VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 9 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 10 visualize visualize VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 11 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 12 from from IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 13 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 14 interoperable interoperable JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 15 web web NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 16 service service NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 17 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 18 which which WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 19 provides provide VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 20 them -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 21 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 22 access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 23 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 24 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 25 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 26 they -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 27 do do VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 28 not not RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 29 own own VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 218 30 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 2 level level NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 4 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 5 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 6 helps help VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 7 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 8 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 9 an an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 10 efficient efficient JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 11 solution solution NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 12 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 13 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 14 challenge challenge NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 15 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 16 timely timely JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 17 access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 18 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 19 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 20 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 21 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 219 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 1 At at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 2 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 3 same same JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 4 time time NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 5 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 6 reduces reduce VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 7 duplication duplication NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 9 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 10 sets set NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 11 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 12 more more JJR cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 13 than than IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 14 one one CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 15 site site NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 16 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 17 thereby thereby RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 18 saving save VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 19 storage storage NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 20 resources resource NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 220 21 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 1 This this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 2 paper paper NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 3 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 4 shown show VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 5 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 6 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 7 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 8 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 9 effective effective JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 10 at at IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 11 coordinating coordinate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 12 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 13 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 14 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 15 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 16 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 17 making make VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 18 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 19 by by IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 20 allowing allow VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 21 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 22 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 23 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 24 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 25 access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 26 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 27 updates update NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 221 28 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 1 Two two CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 2 scenarios scenario NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 3 have have VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 4 outlined outline VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 5 how how WRB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 6 network network NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 7 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 8 centric centric NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 9 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 10 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 11 best best RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 12 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 13 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 14 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 15 modeling modeling NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 16 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 17 visualization visualization NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 18 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 19 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 20 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 21 scenarios scenario NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 222 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 1 Through through IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 2 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 3 integration integration NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 4 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 5 other other JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 6 modeling modeling NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 7 systems system NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 8 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 9 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 10 functionality functionality NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 11 provides provide VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 12 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 13 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 14 makers maker NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 15 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 16 tools tool NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 17 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 18 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 19 improve improve VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 20 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 21 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 22 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 23 making make VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 24 process process NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 223 25 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 1 In in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 2 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 3 sense sense NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 4 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 5 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 6 virtual virtual JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 7 emergency emergency NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 8 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 9 center center NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 10 can can MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 11 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 12 near near IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 13 real real JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 14 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 15 time time NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 16 data data NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 17 access access NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 18 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 19 decision decision NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 20 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 21 makers maker NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 22 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 23 different different JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 24 locations location NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 224 25 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 1 One one CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 2 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 3 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 4 limitations limitation NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 5 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 6 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 7 study study NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 8 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 9 that that IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 11 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 12 only only RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 13 two two CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 14 integrated integrate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 15 earthquake earthquake NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 16 shakemap shakemap NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 17 models model NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 18 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 19 hydraulic hydraulic JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 20 simulation simulation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 21 models model NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 22 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 23 input input NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 24 into into IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 25 a a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 26 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 27 database database NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 225 28 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 1 Other other JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 2 models model NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 3 that that WDT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 4 provide provide VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 5 detailed detailed JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 6 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 7 about about IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 8 cascading cascade VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 9 effects effect NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 10 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 11 escalating escalate VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 12 failures failure NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 13 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 14 systems system NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 15 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 16 could could MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 17 also also RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 18 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 19 included include VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 20 as as IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 21 input input NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 22 into into IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 23 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 24 databases database NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 25 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 26 would would MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 27 provide provide VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 28 very very RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 29 advanced advanced JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 30 visualization visualization NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 31 capabilities capability NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 226 32 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 1 Utilizing utilize VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 2 other other JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 3 spatially spatially RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 4 enabled enabled JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 5 modeling model VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 6 components component NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 7 would would MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 8 significantly significantly RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 9 help help VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 10 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 11 expanding expand VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 12 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 13 understanding understanding NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 14 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 15 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 16 complex complex JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 17 issue issue NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 18 surrounding surround VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 19 critical critical JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 20 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 21 interdependencies interdependency NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 227 22 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 2 temporal temporal JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 3 dimension dimension NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 4 is be VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 5 very very RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 6 important important JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 7 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 8 quantifying quantify VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 9 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 10 understanding understand VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 11 damage damage NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 12 magnitude magnitude NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 13 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 14 peak peak NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 15 flood flood NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 16 spatial spatial JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 17 extent extent NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 18 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 19 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 20 impact impact NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 21 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 22 each each DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 23 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 24 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 25 interdependencies interdependency NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 26 between between IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 27 various various JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 28 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 29 sectors sector NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 30 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 31 systems system NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 228 32 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 1 In in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 2 this this DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 3 dissertation dissertation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 4 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 5 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 6 temporal temporal JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 7 aspects aspect NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 8 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 9 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 10 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 11 scenarios scenario NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 12 have have VBP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 13 been be VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 14 discussed discuss VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 15 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 16 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 17 only only RB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 18 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 19 peak peak JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 20 flood flood NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 21 extent extent NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 22 has have VBZ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 23 been be VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 24 used use VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 25 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 26 building build VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 27 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 28 knowledgebase knowledgebase NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 229 29 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 1 Explicit explicit JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 2 study study NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 4 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 5 temporal temporal JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 6 aspects aspect NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 7 associated associate VBN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 8 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 9 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 10 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 11 would would MD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 12 be be VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 13 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 14 great great JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 15 benefit benefit NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 16 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 17 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 18 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 19 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 20 community community NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 230 21 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 1 Qualitative qualitative JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 2 causal causal NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 3 modeling modeling NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 4 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 5 temporal temporal JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 6 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 7 Overcoming overcome VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 8 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 9 semantic semantic JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 10 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 11 other other JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 12 barriers barrier NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 13 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 14 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 231 15 interoperability interoperability NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 2 role role NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 3 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 4 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 5 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 6 Coping cope VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 7 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 8 space space NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 10 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 11 time time NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 13 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 14 air air NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 15 pollution pollution NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 16 exposure exposure NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 17 assessment assessment NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 18 Temporal Temporal NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 19 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 232 20 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 1 Advanced Advanced NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 2 Field Field NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 3 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 4 Based Based NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 5 Applications Applications NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 6 Spatio Spatio NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 7 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 8 temporal temporal JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 9 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 10 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 11 California California NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 12 's 's POS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 13 central central JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 14 valley valley NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 15 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 16 Empirical empirical JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 17 links link NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 18 to to IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 19 urban urban JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 233 20 theory theory NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 1 An an DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 2 Integrated Integrated NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 3 Approach Approach NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 4 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 5 Flood Flood NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 6 Risk Risk NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 7 Assessment Assessment NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 8 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 9 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 10 Red Red NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 11 River River NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 12 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 13 Southern Southern NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 14 Manitoba Manitoba NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 15 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 16 Annual Annual NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 17 Conference Conference NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 18 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 19 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 20 Canadian Canadian NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 21 Society Society NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 22 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 23 Civil Civil NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 24 Engineering Engineering NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 25 Mobile Mobile NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 26 geographic geographic JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 27 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 28 handling handle VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 29 technologies technology NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 30 to to TO cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 31 support support VB cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 32 disaster disaster NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 33 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 34 Disaster Disaster NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 35 Management Management NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 36 Scenarios Scenarios NNPS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 37 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 38 Univ Univ NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 39 . . NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 40 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 41 Arkansas Arkansas NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 42 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 43 OGC OGC NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 44 Discussion Discussion NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 45 Paper Paper NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 46 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 47 technologies technology NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 48 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 49 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 50 collection collection NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 51 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 52 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 53 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 54 visualization visualization NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 55 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 56 large large JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 57 slope slope NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 58 instabilities instability NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 234 59 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 235 1 two two CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 235 2 applications application NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 235 3 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 235 4 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 235 5 Western western JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 235 6 Italian Italian NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 235 7 Alps Alps NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 236 1 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 236 2 Need need NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 236 3 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 236 4 Open Open NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 236 5 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 236 6 -Part -Part NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 236 7 1 1 CD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 236 8 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 236 9 The the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 236 10 Integration Integration NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 236 11 Challenge Challenge NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 236 12 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 237 1 Mapping mapping NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 237 2 Awareness awareness NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 1 Geographic geographic JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 2 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 3 science science NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 4 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 5 systems system NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 6 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 7 environmental environmental JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 8 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 9 Environmental Environmental NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 10 Modeling Modeling NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 11 with with IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 12 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 13 Disaster Disaster NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 14 management management NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 15 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 16 Nandira Nandira NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 17 watershed watershed NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 18 district district NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 19 Angul Angul NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 21 Orissa Orissa NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 23 India India NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 24 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 25 using use VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 26 temporal temporal JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 27 Remote Remote NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 28 Sensing Sensing NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 29 data datum NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 30 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 31 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 32 A A NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 33 framework framework NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 34 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 35 temporal temporal JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 36 geographic geographic JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 37 information information NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 38 Geographic Geographic NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 39 Information Information NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 40 Systems Systems NNPS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 41 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 42 Science Science NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 43 A a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 44 spatio spatio JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 45 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 46 temporal temporal JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 47 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 48 database database NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 49 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 50 monitoring monitor VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 51 alpine alpine NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 52 glacier glacier NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 53 change change NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 238 54 . . . cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 239 1 Photogrammetric Photogrammetric NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 239 2 Engineering Engineering NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 239 3 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 239 4 Remote Remote NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 239 5 Sensing Sensing NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 239 6 OpenGIS opengis NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 1 Reference reference NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 2 Model model NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 3 Making make VBG cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 4 Space Space NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 5 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 6 Time time NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 7 : : : cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 8 Issues issue NNS cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 9 in in IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 10 Space Space NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 11 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 12 Time Time NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 13 Data Data NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 14 Representation Representation NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 15 Representation Representation NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 16 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 17 Space Space NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 18 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 19 Time Time NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 20 A a DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 21 spatio spatio JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 22 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 23 temporal temporal JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 24 model model NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 25 for for IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 26 the the DT cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 27 manipulation manipulation NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 28 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 29 lineage lineage NN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 30 metadata metadata NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 31 Automation Automation NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 32 and and CC cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 33 Cartography Cartography NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 34 GIS GIS NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 35 -Enabling -Enabling NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 36 Technologies Technologies NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 37 , , , cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 38 5th 5th JJ cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 39 AGILE AGILE NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 40 Conference Conference NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 41 on on IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 42 Geographic Geographic NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 43 Information Information NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 44 Science Science NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 45 Geographic Geographic NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 46 Information Information NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 47 - - HYPH cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 48 Systems Systems NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 49 -the -the ADD cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 50 Case Case NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 51 of of IN cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 52 Disaster Disaster NNP cord-018762-xv8gtwzt 240 53 Management Management NNP