id sid tid token lemma pos cord-016826-oatjcmy0 1 1 key key JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 1 2 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 1 3 cord-016826-oatjcmy0 cord-016826-oatjcmy0 NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 1 4 authors author NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 1 5 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 1 6 Arata Arata NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 1 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 1 8 Andrew Andrew NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 1 9 A. a. NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 1 10 title title NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 1 11 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 1 Old old JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 2 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 3 New New NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 4 Pestilences Pestilences NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 5 date date NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 6 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 7 2005 2005 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 8 journal journal NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 9 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 10 Understanding understand VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 12 Global Global NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 13 Dimensions Dimensions NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 15 Health Health NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 16 DOI DOI NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 17 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 18 10.1007/0 10.1007/0 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 19 - - SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 20 387 387 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 21 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 22 24103 24103 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 23 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 24 5_3 5_3 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 25 sha sha NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 2 26 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 3 1 7624ea1c337121767338a0a3288b7d2389b01d7d 7624ea1c337121767338a0a3288b7d2389b01d7d LS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 3 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 3 3 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 3 4 16826 16826 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 3 5 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 3 6 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 4 1 oatjcmy0 oatjcmy0 NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 4 2 a. a. NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 1 “ " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 2 Any any DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 3 fatal fatal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 4 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 5 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 7 affecting affect VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 8 man man NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 9 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 10 beast beast NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 12 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 13 destroying destroy VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 14 many many JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 15 victims victim NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 16 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 5 17 ” " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 2 Oxford Oxford NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 3 Universal Universal NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 4 Dictionary Dictionary NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 6 3(rd 3(rd NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 8 edition edition NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 10 1955 1955 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 12 Oxford Oxford NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 13 Press Press NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 15 2515 2515 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 16 pp pp NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 6 17 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 7 1 b. b. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 1 “ " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 2 A a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 3 contagious contagious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 4 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 5 infectious infectious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 6 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 7 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 8 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 9 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 10 virulent virulent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 12 devastating devastating JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 13 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 8 14 ” " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 9 1 Webster Webster NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 9 2 ’s ’s POS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 9 3 Seventh Seventh NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 9 4 New New NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 9 5 Collegiate Collegiate NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 9 6 Dictionary Dictionary NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 9 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 9 8 1965 1965 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 9 9 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 10 1 G. G. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 10 2 & & CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 10 3 C. C. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 10 4 Merriam Merriam NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 10 5 Co. Co. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 10 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 10 7 Springfield Springfield NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 10 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 10 9 Mass. Massachusetts NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 10 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 10 11 1221 1221 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 10 12 pp pp NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 10 13 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 1 Accordingly accordingly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 3 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 4 pestilence pestilence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 5 should should MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 6 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 7 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 8 infectious infectious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 9 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 11 devastating devastating JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 13 killing kill VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 15 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 16 large large JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 17 number number NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 18 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 19 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 21 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 22 animals animal NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 11 24 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 1 There there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 2 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 3 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 4 much much RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 5 popular popular JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 6 interest interest NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 7 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 9 as as RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 10 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 11 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 12 technical technical JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 13 concern concern NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 14 over over RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 16 newly newly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 17 emerging emerge VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 18 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 20 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 21 there there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 22 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 23 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 24 fear fear NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 25 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 26 heretofore heretofore RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 27 unknown unknown JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 28 virulent virulent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 29 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 30 will will MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 31 create create VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 32 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 33 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 34 global global JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 35 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 12 36 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 1 At at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 3 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 4 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 5 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 6 writing writing NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 8 two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 9 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 10 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 11 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 12 active active JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 14 warranting warrant VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 15 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 16 concern concern NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 17 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 18 a a LS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 20 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 21 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 22 SARS SARS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 24 Severe severe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 25 Acute acute JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 26 Respiratory Respiratory NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 27 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 28 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 29 caused cause VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 30 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 31 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 32 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 34 appeared appear VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 35 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 36 China China NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 37 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 38 November November NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 39 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 40 2002 2002 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 41 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 42 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 43 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 44 spread spread VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 45 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 46 Western western JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 47 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 48 Central Central NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 49 Europe Europe NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 50 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 51 North North NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 52 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 53 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 54 b b LS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 56 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 57 strain strain NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 58 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 59 Avian avian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 60 Influenza Influenza NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 61 Virus Virus NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 62 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 63 N5H1 N5H1 NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 64 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 65 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 66 first first RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 67 identified identify VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 68 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 69 Hong Hong NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 70 Kong Kong NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 71 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 72 1997 1997 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 73 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 74 reemerged reemerge VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 75 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 76 2002 2002 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 77 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 78 Southeast Southeast NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 79 Asia Asia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 13 80 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 1 Other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 2 avian avian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 3 flu flu NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 4 strains strain NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 5 found find VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 6 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 7 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 8 poultry poultry NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 9 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 10 North North NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 11 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 12 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 13 underscored underscore VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 14 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 15 concern concern NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 16 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 17 local local JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 18 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 19 international international JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 20 health health NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 21 authorities authority NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 14 22 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 1 Both both DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 3 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 4 avian avian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 5 flu flu NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 6 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 7 high high JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 8 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 9 rates rate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 11 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 13 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 14 date date NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 16 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 17 number number NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 18 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 19 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 20 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 21 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 22 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 23 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 25 hundreds hundred NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 15 26 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 16 1 So so RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 16 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 16 3 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 16 4 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 16 5 pestilences pestilence NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 16 6 ? ? . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 17 1 What what WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 17 2 constitutes constitute VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 17 3 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 17 4 pestilence pestilence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 17 5 ? ? . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 18 1 Is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 18 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 18 3 term term NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 18 4 synonymous synonymous JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 18 5 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 18 6 newly newly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 18 7 emerging emerge VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 18 8 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 18 9 ? ? . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 1 Two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 2 definitions definition NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 4 pestilence pestilence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 5 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 6 near near IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 7 unanimity unanimity NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 9 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 10 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 11 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 12 very very RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 13 specific specific JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 14 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 15 a a LS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 19 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 1 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 2 Any any DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 3 fatal fatal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 4 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 5 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 7 affecting affect VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 8 man man NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 9 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 10 beast beast NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 12 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 13 destroying destroy VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 14 many many JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 15 victims victim NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 16 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 20 17 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 2 Oxford Oxford NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 3 Universal Universal NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 4 Dictionary Dictionary NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 6 3 3 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 7 rd rd NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 8 edition edition NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 10 1955 1955 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 12 Oxford Oxford NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 13 Press Press NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 21 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 1 2515 2515 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 2 pp pp NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 3 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 4 b b LS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 6 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 7 A a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 8 contagious contagious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 9 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 10 infectious infectious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 11 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 12 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 13 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 14 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 15 virulent virulent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 16 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 17 devastating devastating JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 18 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 22 19 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 23 1 Webster Webster NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 23 2 ' ' POS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 23 3 s s POS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 23 4 Seventh Seventh NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 23 5 New New NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 23 6 Collegiate Collegiate NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 23 7 Dictionary Dictionary NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 23 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 23 9 1965 1965 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 23 10 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 24 1 G. G. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 24 2 & & CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 24 3 C. C. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 24 4 Merriam Merriam NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 24 5 Co. Co. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 24 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 24 7 Springfield Springfield NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 24 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 24 9 Mass. Massachusetts NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 24 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 24 11 1221 1221 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 24 12 pp pp NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 24 13 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 1 Accordingly accordingly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 3 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 4 pestilence pestilence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 5 should should MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 6 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 7 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 8 infectious infectious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 9 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 11 devastating devastating JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 13 killing kill VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 15 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 16 large large JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 17 number number NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 18 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 19 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 21 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 22 animals animal NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 25 24 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 2 truly truly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 3 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 4 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 5 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 6 usually usually RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 7 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 8 viral viral JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 9 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 10 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 11 origin origin NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 13 although although IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 14 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 15 will will MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 16 make make VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 17 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 18 case case NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 19 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 20 some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 21 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 22 types type NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 23 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 24 pestilences pestilence NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 26 26 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 2 classification classification NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 4 that that DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 5 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 6 have have VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 7 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 8 bubonic bubonic VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 9 plague plague NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 10 continuing continue VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 11 until until IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 12 A.D. A.D. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 13 750 750 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 27 15 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 2 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 3 Black Black NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 4 Death Death NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 5 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 6 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 7 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 8 fourteenth fourteenth JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 9 century century NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 11 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 12 continued continue VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 13 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 14 appear appear VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 15 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 16 chronic chronic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 17 pockets pocket NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 18 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 19 Europe Europe NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 20 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 21 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 22 Middle Middle NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 23 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 24 Near Near NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 25 East East NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 26 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 27 centuries century NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 28 thereafter thereafter RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 29 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 30 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 31 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 32 far far RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 33 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 34 best well RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 35 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 36 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 37 plague plague NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 38 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 39 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 40 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 41 one one NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 42 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 43 produced produce VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 44 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 45 greatest great JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 46 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 47 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 48 social social JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 49 impact impact NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 50 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 51 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 52 affected affect VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 53 populations population NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 28 54 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 1 Consider consider VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 2 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 3 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 4 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 5 conservative conservative JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 6 estimate estimate NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 8 25−33 25−33 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 9 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 10 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 12 European european JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 13 population population NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 14 died die VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 16 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 17 maybe maybe RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 18 more more JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 29 19 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 1 This this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 2 death death NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 3 rate rate NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 4 reduced reduce VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 5 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 6 available available JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 7 work work NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 8 force force NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 9 so so IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 10 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 12 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 13 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 14 first first JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 15 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 17 peasants peasant NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 18 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 19 landless landless JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 20 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 21 could could MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 22 sell sell VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 24 labor labor NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 25 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 26 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 27 introduced introduce VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 28 freedom freedom NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 29 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 30 movement movement NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 31 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 32 resulted result VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 33 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 34 economic economic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 35 changes change NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 36 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 37 eventually eventually RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 38 contributed contribute VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 39 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 40 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 41 decline decline NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 42 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 43 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 44 feudal feudal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 45 system system NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 30 46 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 2 3 3 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 3 rd rd NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 4 pandemic pandemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 5 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 6 plague plague NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 7 began begin VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 8 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 9 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 10 1850s 1850 NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 12 continues continue VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 13 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 14 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 15 date date NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 17 although although IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 18 reduced reduce VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 19 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 20 more more JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 21 recent recent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 22 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 31 23 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 1 A a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 2 major major JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 3 characteristic characteristic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 4 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 5 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 6 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 7 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 8 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 9 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 10 dissemination dissemination NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 11 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 12 plague plague NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 13 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 15 traditional traditional JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 16 homes home NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 17 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 18 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 20 Asia Asia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 21 into into IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 22 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 23 previously previously RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 24 plague plague VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 25 free free JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 26 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 27 especially especially RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 28 North north JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 29 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 30 South South NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 31 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 32 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 33 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 34 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 35 inadvertent inadvertent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 36 transport transport NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 37 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 38 rats rat NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 39 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 40 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 41 fleas flea NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 42 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 43 boat boat NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 32 44 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 2 infection infection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 3 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 4 now now RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 5 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 6 established establish VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 7 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 8 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 10 gerbils gerbil NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 12 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 13 Central Central NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 14 Asia Asia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 16 gerbils gerbil NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 18 ground ground NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 19 squirrels squirrel NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 20 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 21 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 22 susliks susliks NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 23 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 24 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 25 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 26 marmots marmot NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 28 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 29 Southeast Southeast NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 30 Asia Asia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 32 various various JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 33 Rattus Rattus NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 34 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 36 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 37 North North NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 38 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 40 ground ground NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 41 squirrels squirrel NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 42 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 43 some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 44 native native JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 45 field field NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 46 mice mouse NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 48 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 49 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 50 South South NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 51 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 52 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 53 introduced introduce VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 54 Rattus Rattus NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 33 56 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 34 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 34 2 last last JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 34 3 major major JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 34 4 urban urban JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 34 5 outbreak outbreak NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 34 6 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 34 7 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 34 8 Surat Surat NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 34 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 34 10 India India NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 34 11 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 34 12 1994 1994 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 34 13 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 35 1 More More JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 35 2 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 35 3 6,500 6,500 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 35 4 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 35 5 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 35 6 56 56 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 35 7 deaths death NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 35 8 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 35 9 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 35 10 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 1 However however RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 4 impact impact NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 5 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 6 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 7 outbreak outbreak NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 8 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 9 also also RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 10 seen see VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 11 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 12 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 13 number number NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 15 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 16 who who WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 17 fled flee VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 18 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 19 plague plague NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 20 zone zone NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 21 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 22 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 23 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 24 over over JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 25 two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 26 billion billion CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 27 dollar dollar NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 28 loss loss NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 29 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 30 ensued ensue VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 36 31 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 37 1 Only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 37 2 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 37 3 few few JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 37 4 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 37 5 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 37 6 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 37 7 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 37 8 WHO who WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 37 9 each each DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 37 10 year year NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 37 11 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 38 1 Indochina Indochina NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 38 2 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 38 3 Burma Burma NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 38 4 frequently frequently RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 38 5 report report VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 38 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 38 7 as as RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 38 8 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 38 9 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 38 10 sites site NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 38 11 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 38 12 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 2 Ovamboland Ovamboland NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 3 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 5 frontier frontier NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 6 between between IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 7 Namibia Namibia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 9 Angola Angola NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 11 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 12 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 13 United United NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 14 States States NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 15 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 16 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 17 vast vast JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 18 infected infected JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 19 area area NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 20 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 21 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 22 west west NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 23 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 25 country country NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 26 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 27 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 28 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 29 8 8 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 30 - - SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 31 10 10 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 32 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 33 per per IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 34 year year NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 35 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 36 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 37 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 38 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 39 1 1 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 40 - - SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 41 2 2 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 42 deaths death NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 43 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 44 average average JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 45 every every DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 46 10 10 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 47 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 39 48 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 1 Many many JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 2 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 3 sites site NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 4 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 5 infection infection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 6 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 7 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 9 should should MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 10 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 11 monitored monitor VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 13 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 14 some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 15 rodent rodent NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 16 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 17 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 18 highly highly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 19 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 20 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 21 serving serve VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 22 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 23 effective effective JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 24 amplifying amplify VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 25 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 26 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 27 whereas whereas IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 28 others other NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 29 maintain maintain VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 30 low low JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 31 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 32 level level NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 33 infections infection NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 34 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 35 long long JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 36 periods period NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 37 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 38 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 39 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 40 allowing allow VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 41 much much JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 42 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 43 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 44 pass pass VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 45 between between IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 46 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 40 47 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 1 Environmental environmental JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 2 measures measure NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 4 rat rat NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 5 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 6 proofing proofing NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 8 rodent rodent NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 9 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 10 flea flea NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 11 control control NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 13 etc etc FW cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 14 . . FW cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 17 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 18 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 19 first first JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 20 measures measure NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 21 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 22 control control NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 41 23 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 1 Surveillance surveillance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 3 prompt prompt JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 4 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 6 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 7 treatment treatment NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 8 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 9 antibiotics antibiotic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 11 e.g. e.g. RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 13 streptomycin streptomycin NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 14 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 15 tetracycline tetracycline NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 17 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 18 recommended recommend VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 42 19 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 1 Yellow yellow JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 2 fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 3 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 5 best well RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 6 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 7 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 8 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 9 arboviral arboviral NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 11 arthropod arthropod NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 12 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 13 borne bear VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 14 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 16 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 43 17 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 1 There there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 2 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 3 some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 4 500 500 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 5 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 6 arboviruses arbovirus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 8 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 9 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 10 about about IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 11 100 100 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 13 produce produce VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 14 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 15 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 16 man man NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 44 17 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 1 Both both DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 3 yellow yellow JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 4 fever fever NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 5 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 6 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 7 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 8 primary primary JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 9 mosquito mosquito NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 10 vector vector NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 12 Aedes Aedes NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 13 aegypt aegypt NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 15 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 16 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 17 African african JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 45 18 origin origin NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 1 -the -the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 2 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 3 name name NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 4 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 5 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 6 aegypti aegypti NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 8 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 9 refers refer VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 10 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 11 classical classical JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 12 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 13 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 14 general general JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 16 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 18 specifically specifically RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 20 modern modern JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 21 Egypt Egypt NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 46 22 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 1 Most Most JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 2 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 3 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 4 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 5 occur occur VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 6 East East NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 7 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 8 West West NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 9 along along IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 10 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 11 transition transition NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 12 zone zone NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 14 ecotone ecotone NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 16 between between IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 17 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 18 savannas savanna NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 20 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 21 rain rain NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 22 forests forest NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 23 inhabited inhabit VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 24 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 25 numerous numerous JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 26 aedine aedine NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 27 vectors vector NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 28 as as RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 29 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 30 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 31 A. a. NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 32 aegypti aegypti NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 47 33 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 2 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 3 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 4 two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 5 cycles cycle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 6 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 7 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 8 ' ' `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 9 jungle jungle NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 10 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 11 cycle cycle NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 12 involving involve VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 13 various various JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 14 tree tree NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 15 dwelling dwelling NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 16 mosquitoes mosquito NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 17 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 18 nonhuman nonhuman NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 19 primates primate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 20 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 21 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 22 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 23 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 24 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 25 ' ' `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 26 urban urban JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 27 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 28 cycle cycle NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 29 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 30 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 31 A. a. NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 32 aegypti aegypti NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 33 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 34 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 35 vector vector NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 36 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 37 humans human NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 38 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 39 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 48 40 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 2 last last JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 3 reported report VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 4 major major JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 5 African african JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 6 outbreak outbreak NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 7 vectored vectore VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 8 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 9 A. a. NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 10 aegypti aegypti NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 11 occurred occur VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 12 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 13 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 14 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 15 involved involve VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 16 some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 17 20,000 20,000 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 18 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 20 over over IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 21 4,000 4,000 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 22 deaths death NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 23 between between IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 24 1986 1986 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 25 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 26 1991 1991 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 49 27 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 1 Yellow yellow JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 2 fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 3 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 4 introduced introduce VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 5 into into IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 6 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 7 Americas Americas NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 8 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 9 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 10 more more JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 11 times time NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 12 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 13 likely likely JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 14 during during IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 16 age age NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 17 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 18 sail sail NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 50 19 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 2 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 3 can can MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 4 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 5 transmitted transmit VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 6 vertically vertically RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 8 transovarian transovarian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 9 passage passage NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 11 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 12 A. a. NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 13 aegypti aegypti NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 51 14 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 2 mosquito mosquito NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 3 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 4 s s NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 5 eggs egg NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 6 can can MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 7 easily easily RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 8 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 9 laid lay VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 10 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 11 water water NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 12 barrels barrel NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 13 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 14 withstand withstand VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 15 desiccation desiccation NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 16 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 17 months month NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 19 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 20 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 21 hatch hatch VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 22 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 23 develop develop VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 24 when when WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 25 submersed submerse VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 26 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 27 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 28 later later JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 29 date date NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 52 30 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 1 Epidemics epidemic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 2 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 3 YF YF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 4 raged rage VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 5 throughout throughout IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 6 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 7 Caribbean caribbean JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 9 tropical tropical JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 10 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 11 until until IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 12 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 13 end end NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 16 1800s 1800 NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 18 when when WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 19 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 20 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 21 cycle cycle NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 22 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 23 elucidated elucidate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 24 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 25 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 26 team team NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 27 led lead VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 28 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 29 Walter Walter NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 30 Reed Reed NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 31 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 32 confirming confirm VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 33 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 34 role role NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 35 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 36 A. a. NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 37 aegypti aegypti NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 38 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 39 had have VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 40 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 41 proposed propose VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 42 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 43 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 44 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 45 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 46 confirmed confirm VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 47 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 48 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 49 Carlos Carlos NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 50 Finlay Finlay NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 53 51 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 1 Epidemics epidemic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 2 occurred occur VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 3 as as RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 4 far far RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 5 north north RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 6 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 7 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 8 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 9 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 10 United United NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 11 States States NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 12 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 13 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 14 last last JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 15 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 16 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 17 North North NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 18 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 19 occurred occur VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 20 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 21 New New NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 22 Orleans Orleans NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 23 as as RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 24 late late JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 25 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 26 1905 1905 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 27 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 28 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 29 over over IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 30 3,000 3,000 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 31 deaths death NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 54 32 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 1 Cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 3 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 4 25 25 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 5 - - SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 6 50 50 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 7 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 9 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 10 continue continue VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 11 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 12 occur occur VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 13 sporadically sporadically RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 15 Brazil Brazil NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 16 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 17 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 18 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 19 foothills foothill NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 20 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 21 several several JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 22 Andean andean JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 23 countries country NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 25 Bolivia Bolivia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 26 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 27 Peru Peru NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 28 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 29 Ecuador Ecuador NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 30 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 31 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 32 Colombia Colombia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 55 34 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 1 Often often RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 3 victims victim NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 4 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 5 young young JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 7 indigenous indigenous JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 8 males male NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 9 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 10 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 11 highlands highland NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 12 who who WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 13 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 14 temporarily temporarily RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 15 working work VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 16 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 17 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 18 coca coca NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 19 processing processing NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 20 plants plant NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 21 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 22 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 23 forests forest NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 56 24 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 1 These these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 2 infected infected JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 3 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 4 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 5 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 6 kilometers kilometer NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 7 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 8 large large JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 9 cities city NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 11 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 12 populations population NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 13 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 14 more more JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 15 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 16 1 1 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 17 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 18 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 20 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 21 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 22 Santa Santa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 23 Cruz Cruz NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 24 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 25 Bolivia Bolivia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 26 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 27 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 28 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 29 accessible accessible JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 30 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 31 public public JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 32 transportation transportation NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 33 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 34 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 35 heavily heavily RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 36 infested infest VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 37 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 38 A. a. NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 39 aegypti aegypti NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 57 40 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 1 Although although IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 3 YF YF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 4 vaccine vaccine NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 5 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 6 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 7 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 8 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 9 oldest old JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 11 safest safe JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 13 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 14 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 15 effective effective JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 16 available available JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 18 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 19 immunological immunological JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 20 protection protection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 21 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 22 rated rate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 23 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 24 at at RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 25 least least RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 26 10 10 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 27 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 28 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 29 vaccination vaccination NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 30 coverage coverage NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 31 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 32 many many JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 33 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 34 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 35 affected affected JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 36 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 37 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 38 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 39 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 40 South South NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 41 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 42 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 43 low low JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 58 44 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 2 Cholera Cholera NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 3 pathogen pathogen NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 4 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 5 Vibrio Vibrio NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 6 cholera cholera NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 8 originally originally RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 9 described describe VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 10 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 11 Robert Robert NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 12 Koch Koch NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 14 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 15 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 16 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 17 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 18 first first JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 19 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 20 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 22 along along IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 23 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 24 anthrax anthrax NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 25 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 26 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 28 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 29 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 30 identified identify VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 31 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 32 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 33 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 34 late late JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 35 1800s 1800 NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 36 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 37 shortly shortly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 38 after after IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 39 Pasteur Pasteur NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 40 ' ' POS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 41 s s NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 42 publication publication NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 43 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 44 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 45 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 46 germ germ NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 47 theory theory NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 48 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 59 49 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 1 Koch Koch NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 2 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 3 his -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 4 students student NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 5 studied study VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 6 material material NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 7 they -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 8 collected collect VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 9 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 10 Alexandria Alexandria NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 12 Egypt Egypt NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 14 during during IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 15 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 16 1883 1883 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 17 outbreak outbreak NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 60 18 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 2 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 3 difficult difficult JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 4 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 5 determine determine VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 6 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 7 origin origin NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 8 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 9 cholera cholera NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 10 and/or and/or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 11 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 12 distinguish distinguish VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 14 historically historically RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 15 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 16 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 17 diarrhetic diarrhetic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 18 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 19 except except IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 20 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 21 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 22 severity severity NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 23 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 24 rapidity rapidity NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 25 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 26 onset onset NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 61 27 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 1 Health health NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 2 historians historian NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 3 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 4 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 5 McNeill McNeill NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 6 suggest suggest VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 7 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 8 origin origin NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 9 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 10 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 11 Indian indian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 12 sub sub NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 13 - - JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 14 continent continent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 16 associated associate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 17 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 18 dense dense JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 19 populations population NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 21 poor poor JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 22 hygiene hygiene NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 23 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 24 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 25 certain certain JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 26 religious religious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 27 practices practice NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 28 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 29 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 30 communal communal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 31 bathing bathing NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 32 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 33 thus thus RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 34 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 35 term term NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 36 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 37 Asiatic asiatic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 38 cholera cholera NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 39 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 40 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 41 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 42 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 43 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 44 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 45 became become VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 46 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 47 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 48 Europe Europe NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 49 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 50 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 51 1800s 1800s CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 62 52 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 2 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 3 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 4 s s POS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 5 appearance appearance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 6 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 7 Europe Europe NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 9 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 10 Americas Americas NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 12 London London NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 13 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 14 New New NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 15 York York NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 16 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 17 1832 1832 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 20 again again RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 21 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 22 1854 1854 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 24 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 25 clearly clearly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 26 associated associate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 27 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 28 intercontinental intercontinental JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 29 traffic traffic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 63 30 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 2 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 3 during during IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 5 1854 1854 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 6 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 7 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 8 London London NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 9 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 10 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 11 physician physician NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 13 John John NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 14 Snow Snow NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 16 noted note VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 17 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 18 clustering clustering NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 19 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 20 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 21 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 22 deaths death NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 23 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 24 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 25 using use VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 26 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 27 same same JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 28 water water NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 29 source source NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 30 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 31 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 32 proposed propose VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 33 what what WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 34 turned turn VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 35 out out RP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 36 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 37 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 38 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 39 correct correct JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 40 action action NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 41 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 42 stop stop VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 43 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 44 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 46 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 47 Take take VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 48 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 49 handle handle NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 50 off off IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 51 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 52 Broad Broad NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 53 Street Street NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 54 pump pump NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 55 ! ! . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 56 ! ! . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 57 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 59 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 60 although although IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 61 he -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 62 had have VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 63 no no DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 64 idea idea NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 65 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 66 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 67 actual actual JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 68 cause cause NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 69 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 70 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 71 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 64 72 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 1 However however RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 4 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 5 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 6 observations observation NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 8 along along IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 9 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 10 structural structural JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 12 hygienic hygienic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 14 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 15 administrative administrative JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 16 changes change NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 17 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 18 major major JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 19 cities city NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 21 particularly particularly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 22 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 23 Europe Europe NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 24 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 25 North North NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 26 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 27 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 28 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 29 established establish VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 30 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 31 public public JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 32 health health NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 33 measures measure NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 34 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 35 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 36 tend tend VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 37 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 38 take take VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 39 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 40 granted grant VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 41 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 42 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 43 early early JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 44 part part NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 45 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 46 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 47 21 21 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 48 st st NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 49 century century NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 65 50 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 1 Cholera cholera NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 3 still still RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 4 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 5 us -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 6 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 7 various various JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 8 serotypes serotype NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 9 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 10 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 11 vibrio vibrio NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 12 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 13 spread spread VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 14 since since IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 16 early early JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 17 1960s 1960 NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 19 affecting affect VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 20 over over IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 21 25 25 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 22 countries country NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 23 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 24 Asia Asia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 25 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 26 21 21 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 27 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 28 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 29 Americas Americas NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 30 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 31 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 32 into into IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 33 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 34 West West NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 35 Pacific Pacific NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 66 36 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 2 1993 1993 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 4 approximately approximately RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 5 400,000 400,000 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 6 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 7 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 8 6,800 6,800 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 9 deaths death NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 10 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 11 cholera cholera NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 12 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 13 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 67 14 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 2 1991 1991 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 5 El El NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 6 Tor Tor NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 7 strain strain NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 8 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 9 cholera cholera NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 10 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 11 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 12 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 13 Lima Lima NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 15 Peru Peru NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 16 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 17 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 18 1994 1994 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 20 almost almost RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 21 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 22 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 23 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 24 had have VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 25 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 26 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 27 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 28 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 29 Western Western NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 30 Hemisphere Hemisphere NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 68 31 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 1 Measles measles NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 3 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 4 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 5 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 6 oldest oldest RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 7 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 9 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 10 widespread widespread JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 11 infections infection NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 12 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 13 man man NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 14 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 15 Epidemics epidemic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 16 ascribed ascribe VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 17 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 18 measles measle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 19 appear appear VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 20 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 21 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 22 oldest old JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 23 literature literature NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 24 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 25 although although IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 26 they -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 27 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 28 often often RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 29 confused confuse VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 30 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 31 smallpox smallpox NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 69 32 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 1 However however RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 3 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 4 622 622 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 5 A.D. A.D. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 7 Ad Ad NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 8 Ahrun Ahrun NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 10 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 11 Christian christian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 12 priest priest NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 13 living live VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 15 Alexandria Alexandria NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 17 Egypt Egypt NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 19 described describe VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 20 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 21 pox pox NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 22 lesion lesion NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 23 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 24 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 25 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 26 910 910 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 27 A.D. A.D. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 28 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 29 Arab arab JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 30 physician physician NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 31 Al Al NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 32 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 33 Razi Razi NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 34 distinguished distinguish VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 35 between between IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 36 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 37 two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 38 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 70 39 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 1 Prior prior RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 2 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 3 widespread widespread JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 4 immunization immunization NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 6 measles measle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 7 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 8 common common JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 9 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 10 childhood childhood NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 11 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 12 more more JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 13 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 14 90 90 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 15 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 16 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 17 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 18 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 19 infected infect VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 20 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 21 age age NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 22 20 20 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 71 23 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 1 Although although IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 2 endemic endemic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 3 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 4 large large JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 5 communities community NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 7 measles measle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 8 became become VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 9 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 10 every every DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 11 several several JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 12 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 14 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 16 severity severity NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 17 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 18 infection infection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 19 decreasing decrease VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 20 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 21 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 22 frequency frequency NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 23 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 25 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 72 26 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 2 his -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 3 study study NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 4 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 5 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 6 history history NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 7 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 8 plagues plague NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 10 McNeill McNeill NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 11 makes make VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 12 mention mention NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 13 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 14 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 15 importance importance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 16 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 17 animal animal NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 18 husbandry husbandry NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 20 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 21 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 22 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 23 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 24 area area NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 73 25 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 1 Measles Measles NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 3 he -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 4 claims claim VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 5 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 6 probably probably RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 7 related related JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 8 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 9 both both DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 10 rinderpest rinderpest NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 12 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 13 hoofed hoofed NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 14 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 15 mammals mammal NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 17 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 18 canine canine JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 19 distemper distemper NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 74 20 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 1 Because because IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 2 dogs dog NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 4 sheep sheep NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 6 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 7 goats goat NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 8 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 9 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 10 domesticated domesticate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 11 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 12 at at RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 13 least least RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 14 10,000 10,000 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 15 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 17 measles measle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 18 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 19 have have VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 20 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 21 among among IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 22 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 23 first first JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 24 viral viral JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 25 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 26 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 27 have have VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 28 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 29 jumped jump VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 30 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 31 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 32 barrier barrier NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 75 33 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 1 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 2 As as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 4 will will MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 5 see see VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 7 most most JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 9 if if IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 10 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 11 all all DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 13 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 14 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 15 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 16 pestilences pestilence NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 17 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 19 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 20 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 21 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 22 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 23 derived derive VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 24 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 25 animal animal NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 26 wild wild JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 27 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 28 domesticated domesticated JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 29 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 76 30 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 77 1 Measles Measles NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 77 2 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 77 3 responsible responsible JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 77 4 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 77 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 77 6 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 77 7 contributed contribute VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 77 8 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 77 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 77 10 along along IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 77 11 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 77 12 smallpox smallpox NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 77 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 1 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 2 decimation decimation NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 5 indigenous indigenous JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 6 Amerindian amerindian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 7 populations population NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 9 first first RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 10 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 11 Central Central NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 12 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 13 South South NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 14 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 15 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 16 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 17 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 18 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 19 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 20 Spanish spanish JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 21 conquest conquest NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 23 1500s 1500s CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 25 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 26 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 27 later later RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 29 1700s 1700 NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 30 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 31 1800s 1800s CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 33 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 34 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 35 North North NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 36 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 78 37 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 79 1 Amerindian amerindian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 79 2 populations population NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 79 3 lacked lack VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 79 4 immunological immunological JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 79 5 protection protection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 79 6 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 79 7 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 79 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 79 9 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 79 10 imported import VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 79 11 infectious infectious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 79 12 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 79 13 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 1 Some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 2 attribute attribute NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 3 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 4 immunological immunological JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 5 naïveté naïveté NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 6 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 7 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 8 comparatively comparatively RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 9 small small JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 10 number number NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 11 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 12 domesticated domesticated JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 13 animal animal NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 14 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 15 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 16 dogs dog NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 18 ducks duck NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 20 turkeys turkey NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 21 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 22 guinea guinea NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 23 pigs pig NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 24 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 25 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 26 cameloids cameloids NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 28 llamas llama NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 29 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 30 relatives relative NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 32 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 33 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 34 Andes Andes NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 35 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 36 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 37 few few JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 38 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 39 if if IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 40 any any DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 41 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 42 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 43 large large JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 44 number number NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 45 prior prior RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 46 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 47 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 48 European european JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 49 invasion invasion NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 80 50 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 81 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 81 2 any any DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 81 3 case case NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 81 4 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 81 5 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 81 6 attack attack NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 81 7 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 81 8 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 81 9 rates rate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 81 10 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 81 11 staggering staggering JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 81 12 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 1 By by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 2 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 3 estimate estimate NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 4 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 5 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 6 pre pre JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 7 - - JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 8 conquest conquest JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 9 Amerindian amerindian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 10 population population NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 11 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 12 perhaps perhaps RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 13 thirty thirty CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 14 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 15 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 16 1556 1556 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 17 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 18 reduced reduce VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 19 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 20 90 90 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 21 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 22 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 23 down down RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 24 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 25 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 26 3 3 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 27 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 82 28 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 1 This this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 2 catastrophe catastrophe NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 3 occurred occur VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 4 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 5 less less JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 6 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 7 50 50 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 8 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 9 after after IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 10 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 11 Spanish Spanish NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 12 entered enter VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 13 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 14 American american JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 15 mainland mainland NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 83 16 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 1 Influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 3 another another DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 4 viral viral JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 5 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 6 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 7 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 8 many many JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 9 unstable unstable JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 10 varieties variety NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 11 infecting infect VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 12 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 13 host host NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 15 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 16 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 17 avian avian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 18 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 20 both both DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 21 wild wild JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 23 sylvatic sylvatic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 25 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 26 domestic domestic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 84 27 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 1 Epidemics epidemic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 2 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 3 symptoms symptom NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 4 similar similar JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 5 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 6 modern modern JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 7 influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 8 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 9 noted note VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 10 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 11 Hippocrates Hippocrates NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 12 as as RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 13 early early RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 14 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 15 412 412 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 16 B.C. B.C. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 18 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 19 later later RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 21 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 22 Rome Rome NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 23 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 24 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 25 Livy Livy NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 85 26 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 86 1 Various various JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 86 2 medieval medieval JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 86 3 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 86 4 Renaissance Renaissance NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 86 5 writings writing NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 86 6 describe describe VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 86 7 influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 86 8 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 86 9 like like JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 86 10 illnesses illness NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 86 11 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 1 Robert Robert NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 2 Johnson Johnson NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 4 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 5 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 6 credited credit VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 7 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 8 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 9 first first JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 10 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 11 modern modern JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 12 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 13 description description NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 15 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 16 influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 17 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 19 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 20 occurred occur VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 21 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 22 that that DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 23 city city NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 24 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 25 1793 1793 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 87 26 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 1 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 2 description description NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 3 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 4 applied apply VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 5 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 6 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 7 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 8 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 9 1833 1833 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 11 1837 1837 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 13 1847 1847 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 15 1889 1889 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 16 - - SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 17 90 90 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 20 1918 1918 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 88 21 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 1 Antigenic antigenic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 2 shifts shift NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 3 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 5 structure structure NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 6 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 7 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 8 influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 9 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 10 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 11 change change VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 12 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 13 virulence virulence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 16 strains strain NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 18 increasing increase VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 19 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 20 likelihood likelihood NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 21 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 22 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 89 23 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 90 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 90 2 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 90 3 severe severe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 90 4 flu flu NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 90 5 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 90 6 ever ever RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 90 7 recorded record VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 90 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 90 9 1918 1918 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 90 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 90 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 90 12 1919 1919 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 90 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 1 -also -also RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 2 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 3 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 5 Spanish spanish JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 6 flu flu NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 8 although although IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 10 did do VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 11 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 12 originate originate VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 13 there)-first there)-first NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 14 struck strike VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 15 World World NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 91 16 War War NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 92 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 92 2 troops troop NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 92 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 92 4 all all DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 92 5 combatant combatant JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 92 6 nations nation NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 92 7 while while IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 92 8 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 92 9 northern northern JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 92 10 France France NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 92 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 92 12 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 93 1 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 93 2 continued continue VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 93 3 on on RP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 93 4 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 93 5 become become VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 93 6 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 93 7 global global JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 93 8 pandemic pandemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 93 9 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 1 Conservative conservative JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 2 estimates estimate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 4 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 5 range range NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 6 between between IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 7 twenty twenty CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 9 forty forty CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 10 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 11 persons person NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 13 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 14 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 15 estimates estimate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 16 more more RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 17 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 18 double double PDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 19 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 20 figures figure NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 94 21 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 2 ease ease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 3 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 4 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 5 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 6 various various JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 7 influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 8 strains strain NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 9 infect infect VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 10 domestic domestic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 11 mammals mammal NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 13 pigs pig NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 15 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 16 poultry poultry NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 18 chickens chicken NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 20 ducks duck NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 22 producing produce VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 23 huge huge JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 24 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 25 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 26 potentially potentially RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 27 infectious infectious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 28 material material NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 29 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 30 often often RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 31 proximate proximate JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 32 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 33 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 34 habitations habitation NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 35 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 36 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 37 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 38 major major JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 39 public public JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 40 health health NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 41 concern concern NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 95 42 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 1 Especially especially RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 2 worrisome worrisome JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 3 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 5 conditions condition NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 6 under under IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 7 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 8 millions million NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 9 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 10 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 11 animals animal NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 12 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 13 raised raise VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 14 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 15 brought bring VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 16 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 17 market market NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 96 18 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 2 ' ' `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 3 old old JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 4 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 5 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 6 examined examine VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 7 above above RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 8 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 9 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 10 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 11 few few JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 12 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 13 those those DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 14 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 15 might may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 16 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 17 used use VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 18 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 19 examples example NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 20 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 21 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 22 old old JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 23 pestilences pestilence NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 24 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 25 others other NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 26 might may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 27 prefer prefer VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 28 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 29 include include VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 30 schistosomiasis schistosomiasis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 31 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 32 typhus typhus FW cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 34 murine murine NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 35 and/or and/or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 36 louse louse NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 37 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 38 borne bear VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 40 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 41 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 42 several several JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 43 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 44 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 45 classic classic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 46 childhood childhood NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 47 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 49 diptheria diptheria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 50 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 51 pertussis pertussis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 52 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 53 tetanus tetanus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 54 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 55 rubella rubella NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 57 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 58 as as RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 59 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 60 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 61 leprosy leprosy NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 62 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 63 yaws yaws NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 64 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 65 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 66 leishmaniases leishmaniase NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 67 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 68 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 69 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 70 certainly certainly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 71 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 72 smallpox smallpox NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 97 73 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 1 Fortunately fortunately RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 2 many many JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 4 those those DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 5 mentioned mention VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 6 here here RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 8 schisto schisto NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 9 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 10 others other NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 12 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 13 being be VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 14 controlled control VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 15 rather rather RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 16 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 17 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 18 some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 19 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 20 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 21 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 22 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 23 specific specific JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 24 drugs drug NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 25 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 26 and/or and/or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 27 antibiotics antibiotic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 28 when when WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 29 applicable applicable JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 30 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 31 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 32 least least JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 33 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 34 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 35 more more RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 36 developed developed JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 37 countries country NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 98 38 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 1 Even even RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 2 polio polio NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 4 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 5 had have VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 6 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 7 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 8 major major JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 9 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 10 threat threat NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 11 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 12 centuries century NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 14 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 15 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 16 virtually virtually RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 17 eliminated eliminate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 18 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 19 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 20 threat threat NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 21 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 22 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 23 where where WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 25 politics politic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 26 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 27 health health NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 28 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 29 allow allow VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 30 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 31 efficient efficient JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 32 application application NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 33 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 34 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 35 very very RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 36 effective effective JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 37 vaccine vaccine NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 99 38 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 1 Much much JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 2 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 4 fear fear NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 5 engendered engender VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 6 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 7 specific specific JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 8 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 9 depends depend VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 10 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 12 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 14 place place NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 16 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 17 severity severity NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 18 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 19 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 20 local local JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 21 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 22 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 23 as as RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 24 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 25 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 26 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 27 knowledge knowledge NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 28 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 29 perception perception NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 30 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 31 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 32 community community NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 100 33 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 1 For for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 2 example example NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 4 I -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 5 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 6 raised raise VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 7 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 8 New New NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 9 Orleans Orleans NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 11 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 12 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 13 Southeast Southeast NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 16 United United NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 17 States States NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 19 during during IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 20 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 21 1930s 1930 NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 101 22 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 1 Although although IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 2 I -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 3 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 4 my -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 5 brothers brother NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 6 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 7 normal normal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 9 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 10 nourished nourish VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 11 children child NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 13 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 14 parents parent NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 15 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 16 fearful fearful JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 17 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 18 dogs dog NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 20 rabies rabies NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 22 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 23 cuts cut VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 24 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 25 unshod unshod JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 26 feet foot NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 28 tetanus tetanus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 30 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 31 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 32 any any DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 33 summer summer NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 34 colds cold NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 35 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 36 stiffness stiffness NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 37 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 38 weakness weakness NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 39 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 40 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 41 extremities extremity NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 43 polio polio NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 45 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 46 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 47 they -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 48 preached preach VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 49 cleanliness cleanliness NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 50 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 51 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 52 means means NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 53 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 54 prevent prevent VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 55 anything anything NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 56 bad bad JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 57 happening happen VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 102 58 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 1 These these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 2 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 3 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 4 old old JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 6 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 7 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 8 present present JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 9 each each DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 10 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 11 developed develop VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 12 certain certain JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 13 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 14 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 15 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 16 make make VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 18 modern modern JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 19 expression expression NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 20 different different JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 21 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 23 historic historic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 24 ones one NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 25 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 26 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 27 decreases decrease VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 28 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 29 ability ability NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 30 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 31 control control VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 32 them -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 103 33 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 3 last last JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 4 50 50 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 5 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 7 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 8 parasites parasite NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 9 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 10 developed develop VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 11 resistance resistance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 12 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 13 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 16 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 17 common common JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 19 globally globally RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 20 used use VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 21 anti anti JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 22 - - JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 23 malarial malarial JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 24 drug drug NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 25 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 26 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 27 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 28 same same JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 29 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 30 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 31 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 32 anopheline anopheline NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 33 mosquito mosquito NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 34 vectors vector NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 35 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 36 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 37 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 38 progressively progressively RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 39 developed develop VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 40 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 41 parallel parallel JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 42 resistance resistance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 43 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 44 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 45 insecticides insecticide NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 46 used use VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 47 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 48 control control VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 49 them -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 104 50 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 1 Dengue dengue NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 3 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 4 Dengue Dengue NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 5 Hemorrhagic Hemorrhagic NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 6 Fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 8 DHF DHF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 11 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 12 spread spread VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 13 globally globally RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 15 infecting infect VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 16 vast vast JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 17 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 18 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 20 especially especially RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 21 urban urban JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 22 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 23 where where WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 25 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 26 living living NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 27 conditions condition NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 28 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 29 substandard substandard JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 30 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 31 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 32 readily readily RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 33 suited suit VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 34 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 35 vector vector NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 36 breeding breeding NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 105 37 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 1 Finally finally RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 3 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 4 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 5 whose whose WP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 6 incidence incidence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 7 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 8 slowly slowly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 9 reduced reduce VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 10 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 12 late late JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 13 1800s 1800 NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 14 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 15 early early JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 16 1900s 1900 NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 17 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 18 improved improve VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 19 public public JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 20 health health NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 21 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 22 housing housing NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 23 conditions condition NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 24 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 25 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 26 nutrition nutrition NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 27 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 28 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 29 again again RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 30 surfaced surface VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 31 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 32 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 33 secondary secondary JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 34 infection infection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 35 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 36 immuno immuno JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 37 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 38 compromised compromise VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 39 persons person NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 40 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 41 especially especially RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 42 those those DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 43 suffering suffer VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 44 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 45 HIV HIV NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 46 infections infection NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 106 47 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 1 At at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 3 same same JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 4 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 6 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 7 causative causative JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 8 agent agent NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 10 Mycobacterium Mycobacterium NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 11 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 13 continues continue VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 14 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 15 develop develop VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 16 resistance resistance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 17 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 18 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 19 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 20 economic economic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 21 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 22 readily readily RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 23 available available JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 24 antibiotics antibiotic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 107 25 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 1 Malaria Malaria NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 3 caused cause VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 4 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 5 blood blood NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 6 parasites parasite NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 7 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 8 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 9 genus genus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 10 Plasmodium plasmodium NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 12 vectored vectore VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 13 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 14 anopheline anopheline NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 15 mosquitoes mosquito NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 108 16 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 1 There there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 2 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 3 four four CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 4 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 5 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 6 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 7 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 8 parasites parasite NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 9 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 10 P. P. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 11 falciparum falciparum NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 13 P. P. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 14 malariae malariae NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 16 P. P. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 17 vivax vivax NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 20 P. P. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 21 ovale ovale NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 22 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 23 as as RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 24 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 25 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 26 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 27 number number NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 28 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 29 related relate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 30 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 31 infecting infect VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 32 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 33 mammals mammal NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 35 non non JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 36 - - JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 37 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 38 primates primate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 39 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 40 rodents rodent NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 41 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 42 etc etc FW cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 43 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 109 45 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 1 Historians historian NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 2 note note VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 3 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 4 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 5 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 6 like like JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 7 symptoms symptom NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 8 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 9 discussed discuss VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 10 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 12 Chinese chinese JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 13 Canon Canon NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 15 Medicine Medicine NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 17 2700 2700 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 18 B.C. B.C. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 20 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 21 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 22 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 23 like like JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 24 illnesses illness NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 25 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 26 described describe VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 27 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 28 6 6 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 29 th th XX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 30 -century -century NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 31 B.C. B.C. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 32 cuneiform cuneiform NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 33 literature literature NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 34 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 35 Nineveh Nineveh NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 37 now now RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 38 part part NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 39 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 40 Iraq Iraq NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 110 42 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 1 Hippocrates Hippocrates NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 2 made make VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 3 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 4 connection connection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 5 between between IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 6 stagnant stagnant JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 7 water water NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 9 fevers fever NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 10 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 12 local local JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 13 population population NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 111 14 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 3 estimated estimate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 4 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 5 there there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 6 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 7 still still RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 8 several several JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 9 hundred hundred CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 10 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 11 unreported unreported JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 12 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 13 each each DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 14 year year NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 15 resulting result VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 16 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 17 1 1 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 18 - - SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 19 2 2 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 20 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 21 deaths death NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 22 per per IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 23 annum annum NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 24 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 25 mostly mostly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 26 children child NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 112 27 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 1 Although although IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 2 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 3 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 4 still still RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 5 endemic endemic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 6 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 7 Asia Asia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 9 Latin Latin NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 10 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 12 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 13 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 15 90 90 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 16 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 17 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 18 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 19 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 20 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 21 found find VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 22 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 23 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 24 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 25 where where WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 26 P. P. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 27 falciparum falciparum NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 28 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 29 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 30 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 31 common common JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 32 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 33 parasite parasite NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 113 34 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 1 Such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 2 huge huge JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 3 figures figure NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 4 mask mask VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 5 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 6 focal focal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 9 sometimes sometimes RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 10 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 12 nature nature NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 13 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 14 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 16 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 17 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 18 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 19 brought bring VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 20 about about RP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 21 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 22 natural natural JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 23 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 24 man man NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 25 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 26 made make VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 27 environmental environmental JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 28 conditions condition NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 114 29 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 1 Some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 2 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 4 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 5 activities activity NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 6 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 7 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 8 enhance enhance VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 9 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 10 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 11 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 12 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 13 development development NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 14 projects project NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 15 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 16 agriculture agriculture NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 18 e.g. e.g. RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 20 irrigation irrigation NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 21 schemes scheme NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 23 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 24 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 25 water water NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 26 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 27 land land NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 28 use use NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 29 projects project NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 31 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 32 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 33 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 34 Amazon Amazon NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 35 basin basin NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 36 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 37 converting convert VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 38 forest forest NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 39 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 40 through through IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 41 resource resource NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 42 extraction extraction NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 43 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 44 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 45 mining mining NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 46 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 47 logging logging NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 49 into into IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 50 marginal marginal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 51 livestock livestock NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 52 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 53 farming farming NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 54 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 115 55 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 1 Often often RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 2 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 3 environmental environmental JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 4 changes change NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 5 bring bring VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 6 about about RP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 7 changes change NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 8 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 9 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 10 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 11 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 12 ' ' `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 13 stable stable JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 14 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 16 endemic endemic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 18 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 19 ' ' `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 20 unstable unstable JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 21 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 23 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 116 25 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 2 highly highly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 3 endemic endemic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 4 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 6 severe severe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 7 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 9 death death NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 10 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 11 concentrated concentrate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 12 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 13 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 14 younger young JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 15 age age NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 16 groups group NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 18 whereas whereas IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 19 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 20 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 21 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 22 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 23 unstable unstable JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 25 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 27 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 28 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 29 severe severe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 30 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 31 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 32 death death NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 33 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 34 more more RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 35 evenly evenly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 36 distributed distribute VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 37 throughout throughout IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 38 all all DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 39 age age NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 40 groups group NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 117 41 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 1 Needless needless JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 2 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 3 say say VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 4 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 5 prevention prevention NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 6 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 7 /or /or . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 8 case case NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 9 control control NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 10 strategies strategy NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 11 must must MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 12 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 13 different different JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 14 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 15 each each DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 16 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 17 type type NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 118 18 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 2 many many JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 3 parts part NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 4 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 5 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 6 world world NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 7 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 8 anopheline anopheline NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 9 vectors vector NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 10 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 11 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 12 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 13 developed develop VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 14 resistance resistance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 15 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 16 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 17 insecticides insecticide NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 18 used use VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 19 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 21 control control NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 119 22 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 1 Frequently frequently RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 3 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 4 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 5 due due JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 6 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 7 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 8 use use NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 10 often often RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 11 excessive excessive JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 13 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 14 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 15 same same JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 16 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 17 similar similar JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 18 insecticides insecticide NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 19 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 20 control control NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 21 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 22 agricultural agricultural JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 23 pests pest NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 24 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 25 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 26 same same JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 27 geographic geographic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 28 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 120 29 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 1 Such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 2 resistance resistance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 3 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 4 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 5 hinders hinder VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 6 control control NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 7 operations operation NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 8 directly directly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 10 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 11 also also RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 12 indirectly indirectly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 14 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 15 increasing increase VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 16 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 17 need need NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 18 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 19 greater great JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 20 quantities quantity NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 21 and/or and/or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 22 more more RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 23 costly costly JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 24 insecticides insecticide NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 121 25 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 1 Broadscale broadscale JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 2 usage usage NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 4 insecticides insecticide NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 5 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 6 also also RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 7 become become VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 8 limited limited JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 9 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 10 environmental environmental JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 11 grounds ground NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 13 because because IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 14 some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 15 donors donor NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 16 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 17 reduced reduce VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 18 funding funding NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 19 insecticide insecticide NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 20 purchases purchase NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 122 21 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 1 By by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 2 far far RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 4 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 5 serious serious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 6 setback setback NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 7 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 8 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 9 control control NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 10 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 11 recent recent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 12 decades decade NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 13 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 14 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 16 emergence emergence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 17 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 18 spread spread NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 19 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 20 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 21 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 22 resistant resistant JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 23 strains strain NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 24 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 25 P. P. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 26 falciparum falciparum NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 27 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 28 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 29 causative causative JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 30 agent agent NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 31 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 32 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 33 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 34 severe severe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 35 form form NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 36 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 37 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 38 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 39 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 40 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 41 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 42 common common JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 43 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 44 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 123 45 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 1 Emerging emerge VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 2 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 4 1950s 1950 NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 5 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 6 Southeast Southeast NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 7 Asia Asia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 9 South South NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 10 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 12 resistance resistance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 13 spread spread VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 14 rapidly rapidly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 15 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 16 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 17 focal focal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 18 points point NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 124 19 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 2 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 3 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 4 noted note VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 5 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 6 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 7 until until IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 8 1979 1979 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 9 - - SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 10 80 80 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 11 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 12 spread spread VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 13 rapidly rapidly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 16 ensuing ensue VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 17 ten ten CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 18 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 19 fifteen fifteen CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 20 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 125 21 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 1 Chloroquine chloroquine JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 2 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 3 resistant resistant JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 4 strains strain NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 5 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 6 P. p. NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 7 vivax vivax NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 8 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 9 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 10 identified identify VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 11 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 12 some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 13 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 15 Southeast Southeast NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 16 Asia Asia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 18 New New NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 19 Guinea Guinea NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 21 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 22 Indonesia Indonesia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 126 23 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 1 Efforts effort NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 2 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 3 produce produce VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 4 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 5 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 6 vaccine(s vaccine(s NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 8 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 9 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 10 under under IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 11 way way NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 12 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 13 over over IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 14 25 25 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 15 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 127 16 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 1 A a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 2 number number NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 4 candidate candidate NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 5 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 6 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 7 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 8 produced produce VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 10 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 11 none none NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 12 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 13 operational operational JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 15 humans human NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 16 as as RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 17 yet yet RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 128 18 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 1 Like like IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 2 yellow yellow JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 3 fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 4 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 5 described describe VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 6 earlier early RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 8 dengue dengue NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 9 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 10 dengue dengue NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 11 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 12 fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 13 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 14 vector vector NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 15 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 16 borne bear VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 17 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 18 transmitted transmit VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 20 primarily primarily RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 21 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 22 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 23 exclusively exclusively RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 25 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 26 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 27 mosquito mosquito NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 28 Aedes Aedes NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 29 aegypti aegypti NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 129 30 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 1 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 2 Classical classical JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 3 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 4 dengue dengue NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 5 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 6 caused cause VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 7 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 8 infection infection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 9 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 10 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 11 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 12 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 13 four four CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 14 serotypes serotype NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 15 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 16 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 17 dengue dengue NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 18 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 130 19 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 131 1 DHF DHF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 131 2 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 131 3 occur occur VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 131 4 following follow VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 131 5 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 131 6 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 131 7 infection infection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 131 8 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 131 9 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 131 10 different different JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 131 11 serotype serotype NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 131 12 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 2 following following JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 3 quotation quotation NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 4 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 5 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 6 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 7 article article NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 8 written write VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 9 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 10 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 11 author author NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 12 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 13 1999 1999 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 15 R. R. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 16 Lennox Lennox NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 17 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 18 A. A. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 19 Arata Arata NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 21 Dengue Dengue NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 22 Fever Fever NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 23 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 24 An an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 25 Environmental environmental JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 26 Plague Plague NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 27 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 28 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 29 New New NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 30 Millennium Millennium NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 132 31 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 133 1 Capsule Capsule NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 133 2 Report Report NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 133 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 133 4 Environmental Environmental NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 133 5 Health Health NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 133 6 Project Project NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 133 7 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 133 8 USAID USAID NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 133 9 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 134 1 8 8 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 134 2 pp pp NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 134 3 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 1 ): ): NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 2 With with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 3 2.5 2.5 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 4 billion billion CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 5 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 6 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 7 risk risk NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 9 estimated estimate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 10 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 11 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 12 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 13 tens ten NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 15 milllions milllion NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 17 dengue dengue NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 18 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 19 considered consider VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 20 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 21 many many JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 22 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 23 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 25 second second JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 26 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 27 important important JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 28 vector vector NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 29 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 30 borne bear VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 31 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 32 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 33 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 34 world world NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 36 surpassed surpass VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 37 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 38 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 39 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 135 41 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 1 Classical classical JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 2 dengue dengue NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 3 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 4 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 5 more more RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 6 lethal lethal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 7 form form NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 9 dengue dengue NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 10 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 11 fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 13 DHF DHF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 16 now now RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 17 circle circle VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 18 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 19 world world NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 20 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 21 endemic endemic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 22 illness illness NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 23 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 24 continuing continue VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 25 threats threat NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 26 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 27 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 136 28 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 1 Dengue dengue NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 3 very very RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 4 much much RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 5 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 6 environmental environmental JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 7 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 9 affecting affect VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 10 urban urban JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 12 periurban periurban JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 13 settlements settlement NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 15 more more JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 16 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 17 100 100 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 18 countries country NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 137 19 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 3 characterized characterize VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 4 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 5 seasonal seasonal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 6 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 7 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 8 illness illness NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 9 carried carry VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 10 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 11 mosquitoes mosquito NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 12 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 13 thrive thrive VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 15 household household NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 16 containers container NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 17 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 18 collect collect VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 19 water water NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 21 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 22 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 23 flowerpots flowerpot NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 24 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 25 washtubs washtubs NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 27 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 28 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 29 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 30 detritus detritus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 31 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 32 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 33 consumption consumption NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 34 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 35 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 36 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 37 bottles bottle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 38 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 39 tin tin JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 40 cans can NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 41 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 42 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 43 old old JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 44 bottles bottle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 138 45 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 1 Children child NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 3 specially specially RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 4 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 5 Asia Asia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 7 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 8 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 9 frequently frequently RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 10 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 11 seriously seriously RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 12 affected affect VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 13 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 14 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 15 severe severe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 16 form form NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 17 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 18 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 19 infection infection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 21 DHF DHF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 139 22 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 1 Mosquito mosquito NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 2 control control NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 3 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 5 only only JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 6 effective effective JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 7 approach approach NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 8 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 9 prevention prevention NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 11 although although IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 12 effective effective JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 13 case case NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 14 management management NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 15 will will MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 16 reduce reduce VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 17 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 140 18 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 1 Insecticides insecticide NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 2 targeted target VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 3 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 4 larval larval JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 5 mosquitoes mosquito NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 6 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 7 effective effective JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 9 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 10 resistance resistance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 11 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 12 mosquitoes mosquito NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 13 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 14 affordable affordable JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 15 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 16 environmentally environmentally RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 17 safe safe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 18 chemicals chemical NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 19 as as RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 20 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 21 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 22 declining decline VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 23 will will NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 24 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 25 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 26 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 27 all all DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 28 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 29 eliminated eliminate VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 30 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 31 approach approach NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 32 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 33 most most JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 34 countries country NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 141 35 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 1 Vaccines vaccine NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 2 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 3 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 5 pipeline pipeline NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 7 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 8 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 9 system system NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 10 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 11 could could MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 12 deliver deliver VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 13 them -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 14 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 15 half half PDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 16 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 17 world world NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 18 ' ' POS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 19 s s NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 20 population population NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 21 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 22 probably probably RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 23 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 24 least least JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 25 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 26 decade decade NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 27 away away RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 142 28 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 1 Community community NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 2 action action NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 3 - - : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 4 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 5 protect protect VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 6 containers container NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 7 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 8 becoming become VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 9 havens haven NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 10 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 11 mosquito mosquito NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 12 breeding breeding NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 13 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 14 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 15 dispose dispose VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 16 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 17 empty empty JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 18 containers container NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 20 trash trash NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 21 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 22 along along IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 23 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 24 surveillance surveillance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 25 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 26 personal personal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 27 protection protection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 28 - - , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 29 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 30 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 31 best good JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 32 hope hope NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 33 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 34 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 35 risk risk NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 36 reduction reduction NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 143 37 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 1 Tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 3 another another DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 4 ancient ancient JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 5 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 6 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 7 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 8 bridged bridge VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 9 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 10 old old JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 11 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 12 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 13 definition definition NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 14 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 15 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 16 TB TB NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 17 bacillus bacillus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 19 Mycobacterium Mycobacterium NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 20 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 21 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 22 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 23 among among IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 25 first first JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 26 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 27 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 28 scientifically scientifically RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 29 identified identify VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 30 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 31 described describe VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 33 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 34 Robert Robert NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 35 Koch Koch NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 36 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 37 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 38 1882 1882 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 144 40 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 2 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 3 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 4 transmitted transmit VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 5 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 6 airborne airborne JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 7 droplets droplet NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 8 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 9 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 10 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 12 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 13 laryngeal laryngeal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 14 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 145 15 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 1 This this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 2 mode mode NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 4 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 5 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 6 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 7 effective effective JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 8 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 9 dense dense JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 10 populations population NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 12 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 13 hence hence RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 14 TB TB NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 15 became become VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 16 widespread widespread JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 17 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 18 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 19 development development NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 20 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 21 urban urban JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 22 centers center NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 23 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 25 Middle Middle NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 26 Ages Ages NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 28 Europe Europe NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 30 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 31 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 32 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 33 very very RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 34 common common JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 35 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 36 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 37 14 14 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 38 th th CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 39 century century NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 40 until until IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 41 recently recently RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 42 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 43 Europe Europe NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 146 44 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 1 With with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 2 improvements improvement NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 3 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 4 housing housing NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 5 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 6 nutrition nutrition NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 7 TB TB NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 8 rates rate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 9 continued continue VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 10 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 11 decline decline VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 13 except except IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 14 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 15 periods period NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 16 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 17 war war NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 19 until until IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 20 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 21 first first JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 22 half half NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 23 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 25 20 20 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 26 th th XX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 27 century century NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 147 28 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 1 At at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 2 that that DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 3 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 4 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 5 two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 6 conditions condition NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 7 emerged emerge VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 8 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 9 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 10 development development NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 11 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 12 Multiple Multiple NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 13 Drug Drug NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 14 Resistant resistant JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 15 TB TB NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 17 MDRTB MDRTB NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 20 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 21 emergence emergence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 22 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 23 spread spread NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 24 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 25 Acquired Acquired NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 26 Immune Immune NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 27 Deficiency Deficiency NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 28 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 30 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 32 upon upon IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 33 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 34 TB TB NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 35 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 36 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 37 opportunistic opportunistic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 38 infection infection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 148 39 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 1 Prior prior RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 2 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 3 1984 1984 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 4 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 5 about about RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 6 10 10 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 7 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 8 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 9 TB TB NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 10 bacilli bacilli NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 11 isolated isolate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 12 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 13 patients patient NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 16 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 17 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 18 resistant resistant JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 19 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 20 even even RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 21 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 22 antibacterial antibacterial JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 23 drug drug NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 24 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 25 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 26 1984 1984 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 27 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 28 52 52 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 29 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 30 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 31 resistant resistant JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 32 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 33 at at RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 34 least least RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 35 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 36 drug drug NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 37 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 38 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 39 32 32 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 40 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 41 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 42 resistant resistant JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 43 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 44 more more JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 45 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 46 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 47 drug drug NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 149 48 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 3 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 5 cost cost NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 6 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 7 treatment treatment NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 8 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 9 ten ten CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 10 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 11 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 12 MDRTB MDRTB NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 13 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 14 Texas Texas NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 15 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 16 1990 1990 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 17 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 18 US$ us$ $ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 19 950,443 950,443 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 150 20 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 1 WHO who WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 2 lists list VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 3 TB TB NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 4 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 5 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 6 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 7 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 8 major major JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 9 causes cause NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 10 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 11 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 12 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 13 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 14 world world NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 151 15 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 1 A a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 2 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 3 major major JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 4 funding funding NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 5 effort effort NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 7 WHO who WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 9 World World NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 10 Bank Bank NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 12 various various JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 13 bilateral bilateral JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 14 donor donor NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 15 groups group NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 17 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 18 focusing focus VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 19 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 20 HIV HIV NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 21 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 22 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 23 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 24 TB TB NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 25 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 26 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 27 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 28 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 29 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 30 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 31 serious serious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 32 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 33 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 34 intractable intractable JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 35 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 36 causes cause NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 37 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 38 death death NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 152 39 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 1 Other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 2 forms form NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 4 TB TB NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 6 including include VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 7 non non JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 8 - - JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 10 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 12 those those DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 13 associated associate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 14 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 15 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 16 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 17 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 18 Mycobacterium Mycobacterium NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 19 sp sp NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 153 20 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 2 e.g. e.g. RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 3 M. M. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 4 bovis bovis NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 7 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 8 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 10 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 11 suggest suggest VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 12 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 13 possible possible JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 14 very very RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 15 early early JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 16 animal animal NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 17 origin origin NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 18 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 19 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 20 pathogen pathogen NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 21 group group NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 154 22 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 1 Diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 2 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 3 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 4 Chagas Chagas NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 5 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 6 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 7 schistosomiasis schistosomiasis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 8 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 9 examples example NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 10 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 11 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 12 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 13 do do VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 14 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 15 easily easily RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 16 fit fit VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 17 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 18 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 19 definitions definition NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 20 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 21 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 22 pestilence pestilence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 23 mentioned mention VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 24 earlier early RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 25 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 26 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 27 chapter chapter NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 28 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 29 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 30 they -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 31 do do VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 32 heavily heavily RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 33 impact impact VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 34 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 35 affected affect VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 36 populations population NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 37 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 38 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 39 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 40 through through IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 41 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 42 rates rate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 43 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 44 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 45 especially especially RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 46 through through IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 47 morbidity morbidity NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 48 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 49 disability disability NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 155 50 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 1 There there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 2 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 3 several several JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 4 forms form NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 5 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 6 schistosomiasis schistosomiasis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 7 caused cause VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 8 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 9 different different JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 10 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 11 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 12 Schistosoma Schistosoma NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 14 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 15 blood blood NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 16 fluke fluke NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 18 trematode)-this trematode)-this NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 19 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 20 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 21 ancient ancient JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 22 illness illness NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 23 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 24 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 25 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 26 Egyptian egyptian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 27 antiquity antiquity NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 156 28 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 1 Infections infection NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 2 occur occur VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 3 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 4 fresh fresh JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 5 water water NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 6 where where WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 7 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 8 work work VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 9 and/or and/or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 10 wash wash VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 12 children child NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 13 play play VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 157 14 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 1 Larval larval JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 2 worms worm NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 4 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 5 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 6 cercaria cercaria NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 8 developed develop VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 9 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 10 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 11 snail snail NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 12 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 13 host host NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 15 pass pass VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 16 through through IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 17 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 18 skin skin NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 20 penetrate penetrate VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 21 diverse diverse JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 22 organs organ NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 23 according accord VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 24 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 25 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 158 26 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 2 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 3 important important JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 4 effects effect NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 5 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 6 those those DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 7 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 8 arise arise VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 9 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 10 chronic chronic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 12 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 13 cumulative cumulative JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 15 infection infection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 159 16 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 1 Chagas Chagas NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 2 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 3 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 4 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 5 very very RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 6 different different JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 7 etiology etiology NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 9 mode mode NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 10 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 11 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 13 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 14 pathology pathology NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 15 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 16 does do VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 17 schistosomiasis schistosomiasis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 160 18 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 1 By by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 2 definition definition NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 4 could could MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 5 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 6 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 7 because because IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 9 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 10 first first RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 11 described describe VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 12 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 13 1907 1907 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 14 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 16 Brazilian Brazilian NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 17 Carlos Carlos NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 18 Chagas Chagas NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 20 who who WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 21 subsequently subsequently RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 22 described describe VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 23 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 24 pathogen pathogen NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 25 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 26 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 27 flagellate flagellate NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 28 protozoan protozoan NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 29 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 30 Trypanosoma Trypanosoma NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 31 cruzi cruzi NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 32 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 33 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 34 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 35 vectors vector NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 36 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 37 bloodfeeding bloodfeede VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 38 triatomine triatomine JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 39 bugs bug NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 161 40 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 2 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 3 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 4 also also RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 5 know know VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 6 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 7 American American NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 8 Trypanosomiasis Trypanosomiasis NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 10 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 11 occurs occur VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 12 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 13 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 14 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 15 Western Western NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 16 Hemisphere Hemisphere NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 18 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 19 Mexico Mexico NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 20 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 21 Argentina Argentina NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 22 - - : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 23 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 24 few few JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 25 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 26 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 27 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 28 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 29 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 30 North North NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 31 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 162 32 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 163 1 This this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 163 2 form form NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 163 3 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 163 4 very very RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 163 5 different different JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 163 6 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 163 7 African African NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 163 8 Trypanosomiasis Trypanosomiasis NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 163 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 163 10 sleeping sleep VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 163 11 sickness sickness NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 163 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 163 13 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 2 initial initial JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 4 acute acute JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 6 phase phase NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 7 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 8 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 9 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 10 usually usually RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 11 occurs occur VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 12 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 13 children child NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 14 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 15 there there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 16 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 17 then then RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 18 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 19 long long JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 20 latent latent NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 21 phase phase NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 23 ∼20 ∼20 NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 24 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 25 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 26 more more RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 28 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 29 culminating culminate VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 30 later later RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 31 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 32 life life NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 33 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 34 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 35 chronic chronic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 36 phase phase NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 37 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 38 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 39 include include VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 40 irreversible irreversible JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 41 cardiac cardiac NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 42 and/or and/or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 43 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 44 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 45 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 46 shortened shorten VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 47 life life NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 48 spans span VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 49 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 50 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 51 victims victim NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 164 52 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 1 PAHO PAHO NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 2 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 3 WHO who WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 4 consider consider VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 5 Chagas Chagas NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 6 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 7 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 8 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 9 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 10 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 11 serious serious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 12 parasitic parasitic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 13 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 15 Latin Latin NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 16 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 17 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 18 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 19 main main JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 20 cause cause NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 21 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 22 heart heart NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 23 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 24 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 25 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 26 Region Region NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 165 27 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 166 1 There there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 166 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 166 3 no no DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 166 4 adequate adequate JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 166 5 medical medical JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 166 6 intervention intervention NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 166 7 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 2 infection infection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 3 can can MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 4 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 5 transmitted transmit VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 6 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 7 vectors vector NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 9 congenitally congenitally RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 11 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 12 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 13 transfusion transfusion NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 15 blood blood NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 16 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 17 blood blood NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 18 products product NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 167 19 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 1 An an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 2 estimated estimate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 3 100 100 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 4 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 5 persons person NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 6 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 7 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 8 Region Region NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 9 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 10 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 11 risk risk NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 13 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 15 some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 16 countries country NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 18 e.g. e.g. RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 20 Bolivia Bolivia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 22 25 25 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 23 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 24 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 25 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 26 8 8 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 27 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 28 inhabitants inhabitant NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 29 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 30 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 31 shown show VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 32 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 33 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 34 seropositive seropositive JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 168 35 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 2 addition addition NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 4 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 5 Bolivia Bolivia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 7 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 8 study study NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 9 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 10 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 12 burden burden NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 13 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 14 Chagas Chagas NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 15 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 17 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 18 terms term NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 19 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 20 Disability Disability NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 21 Adjusted Adjusted NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 22 Life Life NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 23 Years Years NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 25 DALYS DALYS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 27 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 28 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 29 4 4 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 30 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 31 DALYS DALYS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 32 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 33 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 34 estimated estimate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 35 loss loss NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 36 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 37 494 494 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 38 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 39 Bolivianos Bolivianos NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 40 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 41 equal equal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 42 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 43 more more JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 44 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 45 100 100 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 46 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 47 US US NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 48 dollars dollar NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 49 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 50 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 51 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 52 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 53 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 54 report report NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 55 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 56 1994 1994 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 57 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 169 58 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 2 purpose purpose NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 4 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 5 brief brief JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 6 segment segment NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 7 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 8 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 9 emphasize emphasize VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 10 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 11 pestilences pestilence NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 12 need need VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 13 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 14 carry carry VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 15 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 16 them -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 17 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 18 high high JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 19 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 170 20 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 1 Very very RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 2 high high JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 3 morbidity morbidity NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 4 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 5 sustained sustain VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 6 disability disability NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 7 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 8 all all PDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 9 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 10 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 11 social social JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 12 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 13 economic economic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 14 implications implication NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 15 can can MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 16 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 17 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 18 tremendous tremendous JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 19 burden burden NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 20 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 21 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 22 population population NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 23 - - , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 24 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 25 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 26 nation nation NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 171 27 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 1 Puerperal puerperal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 2 fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 4 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 5 forgotten forget VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 6 pestilence pestilence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 8 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 9 caused cause VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 10 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 11 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 12 streptococcal streptococcal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 13 infection infection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 14 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 15 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 16 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 17 iatrogenic iatrogenic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 18 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 20 induced induce VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 21 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 22 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 23 physician physician NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 25 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 26 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 27 once once RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 28 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 29 scourge scourge NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 30 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 31 pregnant pregnant JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 32 women woman NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 33 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 34 before before IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 35 physicians physician NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 36 learned learn VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 37 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 38 wash wash VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 39 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 40 hands hand NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 41 before before IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 42 examining examine VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 43 pregnant pregnant JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 44 women woman NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 45 and/or and/or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 46 assisting assist VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 47 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 48 childbirth childbirth NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 172 49 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 1 Improved improve VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 2 hygiene hygiene NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 3 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 4 hospitals hospital NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 5 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 6 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 7 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 8 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 9 development development NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 10 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 12 germ germ NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 13 theory theory NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 14 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 15 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 16 rates rate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 17 dropped drop VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 18 quickly quickly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 173 19 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 1 This this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 2 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 4 also also RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 5 called call VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 6 childbirth childbirth NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 7 fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 9 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 10 never never RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 11 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 12 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 13 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 16 great great JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 17 pestilences pestilence NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 19 however however RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 20 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 21 few few JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 22 figures figure NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 23 reveal reveal VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 25 state state NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 26 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 27 scientific scientific JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 28 knowledge knowledge NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 29 regarding regard VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 30 any any DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 31 infectious infectious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 32 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 33 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 34 both both CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 35 endemic endemic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 36 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 37 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 174 38 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 3 frightening frightening JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 4 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 5 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 6 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 7 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 8 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 9 incidence incidence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 10 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 11 puerperal puerperal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 12 fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 13 higher higher RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 16 hospitals hospital NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 18 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 19 so so RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 20 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 21 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 22 associated associated JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 23 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 24 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 25 35 35 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 26 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 27 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 28 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 29 patients patient NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 30 died die VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 31 if if IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 32 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 33 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 34 occurred occur VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 35 after after IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 36 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 37 home home NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 38 delivery delivery NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 39 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 40 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 41 80 80 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 42 - - SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 43 90 90 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 44 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 45 died die VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 46 if if IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 47 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 48 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 49 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 50 contracted contract VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 51 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 52 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 53 hospital hospital NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 175 54 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 1 Although although IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 3 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 4 no no DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 5 crystal crystal NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 6 ball ball NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 7 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 8 predict predict VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 9 what what WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 11 if if IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 12 any any DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 14 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 15 pestilences pestilence NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 16 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 17 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 18 store store NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 19 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 20 mankind mankind NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 21 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 22 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 23 future future NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 24 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 25 several several JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 26 groups group NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 27 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 28 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 29 viruses virus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 30 include include VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 31 likely likely JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 32 candidates candidate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 34 Table table NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 35 2 2 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 176 37 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 1 Also also RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 2 included include VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 3 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 4 HIV HIV NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 5 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 6 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 8 truly truly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 9 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 10 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 11 pestilence pestilence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 12 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 13 already already RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 15 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 16 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 17 relatively relatively RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 18 brief brief JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 19 period period NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 21 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 22 taken take VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 23 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 24 place place NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 25 among among IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 26 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 27 worst bad JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 28 pestilences pestilence NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 29 ever ever RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 30 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 31 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 32 man man VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 177 33 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 1 As as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 2 mentioned mention VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 3 above above RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 4 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 5 there there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 6 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 7 over over IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 8 500 500 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 9 arboviruses arbovirus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 10 isolated isolate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 12 characterized characterize VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 13 - - : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 14 about about RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 15 100 100 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 16 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 17 capable capable JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 18 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 19 infecting infect VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 20 humans human NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 21 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 22 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 23 nonapparent nonapparent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 24 infections infection NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 25 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 26 very very RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 27 severe severe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 28 ones one NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 178 29 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 1 Two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 2 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 3 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 4 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 5 already already RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 6 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 7 mentioned mention VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 8 above above IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 10 dengue dengue NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 12 DHF DHF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 13 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 14 yellow yellow JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 15 fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 18 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 19 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 20 arboviruses arbovirus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 21 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 22 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 23 group group NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 24 represent represent VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 25 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 26 source source NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 27 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 28 many many JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 29 potentially potentially RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 30 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 31 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 32 - - : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 33 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 34 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 35 put put VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 36 more more RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 37 correctly correctly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 38 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 39 existing exist VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 40 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 41 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 42 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 43 emerge emerge VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 44 when when WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 45 humans human NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 46 accidentally accidentally RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 47 become become VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 48 involved involved JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 49 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 50 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 51 cycles cycle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 179 52 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 1 A a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 2 good good JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 3 example example NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 4 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 5 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 6 recent recent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 7 outbreak outbreak NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 8 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 9 West West NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 10 Nile Nile NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 11 encephilitis encephilitis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 12 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 13 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 180 14 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 2 1999 1999 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 3 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 4 2000 2000 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 6 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 7 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 8 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 9 isolated isolate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 10 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 11 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 12 around around IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 13 New New NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 14 York York NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 15 City City NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 16 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 17 large large JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 18 numbers number NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 19 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 20 dead dead JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 21 birds bird NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 23 especially especially RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 24 crows crow NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 25 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 26 jays jay NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 28 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 29 21 21 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 30 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 31 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 32 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 33 two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 34 deaths death NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 35 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 36 confirmed confirm VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 181 37 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 1 By by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 2 2001 2001 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 5 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 6 moved move VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 7 west west RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 8 toward toward IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 9 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 10 Mississippi Mississippi NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 11 River River NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 13 infecting infect VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 14 55 55 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 15 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 16 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 17 killing kill VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 18 nine nine CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 182 19 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 2 2002 2002 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 4 there there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 5 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 6 over over IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 7 2,400 2,400 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 8 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 10 117 117 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 11 fatal fatal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 13 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 14 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 15 2003 2003 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 17 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 18 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 20 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 21 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 22 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 23 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 24 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 25 found find VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 26 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 27 all all DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 28 48 48 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 29 contiguous contiguous JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 30 states state NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 32 excepting except VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 33 Alaska Alaska NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 34 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 35 Hawaii Hawaii NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 183 37 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 2 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 3 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 4 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 5 found find VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 6 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 7 mammals mammal NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 9 birds bird NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 12 mosquitoes mosquito NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 13 throughout throughout IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 14 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 184 15 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 1 But but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 3 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 4 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 5 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 6 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 8 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 9 just just RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 10 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 11 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 12 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 13 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 14 us -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 185 15 ? ? . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 1 West West NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 2 Nile Nile NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 3 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 4 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 5 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 6 found find VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 7 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 8 over over IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 9 50 50 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 10 countries country NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 11 since since IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 12 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 13 discovery discovery NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 15 1937 1937 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 16 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 17 Uganda Uganda NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 20 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 21 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 22 Most Most JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 23 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 25 above above JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 26 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 27 mosquito mosquito NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 28 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 29 borne bear VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 30 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 31 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 32 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 33 major major JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 34 mosquito mosquito NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 35 vector vector NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 36 genera genera NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 37 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 38 Culex Culex NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 39 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 40 Aedes Aedes NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 41 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 42 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 43 Anopheles Anopheles NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 44 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 45 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 46 global global JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 47 representatives representative NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 48 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 49 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 50 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 51 competent competent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 52 vector vector NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 53 might may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 54 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 55 found find VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 186 56 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 2 same same JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 3 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 4 true true JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 5 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 6 ticks tick NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 8 sandflies sandfly NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 10 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 11 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 12 potential potential JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 13 vectors vector NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 187 14 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 1 Rodents rodent NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 3 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 4 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 5 local local JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 6 vertebrates vertebrate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 8 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 9 serve serve VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 10 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 11 reservoir reservoir NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 12 hosts host NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 13 while while IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 14 infected infected JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 15 migratory migratory JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 16 birds bird NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 17 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 18 provide provide VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 19 distribution distribution NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 20 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 21 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 22 infection infection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 188 23 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 1 Although although IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 2 many many JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 3 arboviral arboviral JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 4 infections infection NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 5 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 6 broadly broadly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 7 similar similar JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 8 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 9 cycles cycle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 12 ecology ecology NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 13 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 14 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 15 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 16 each each DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 17 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 18 differ differ VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 19 widely widely RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 189 20 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 1 Arboviruses arbovirus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 2 do do VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 3 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 4 belong belong VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 5 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 6 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 7 single single JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 8 viral viral JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 9 family family NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 11 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 12 rather rather RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 14 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 15 several several JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 17 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 18 increases increase VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 19 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 20 diversification diversification NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 190 21 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 1 Although although IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 3 potential potential NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 4 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 5 increased increase VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 6 arboviral arboviral NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 7 epizootics epizootic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 8 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 9 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 10 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 11 high high JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 13 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 14 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 15 recent recent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 16 episodes episode NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 17 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 18 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 19 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 20 high high JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 21 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 22 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 23 pestilence pestilence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 24 scale scale NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 25 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 26 rather rather RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 27 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 28 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 29 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 30 severe severe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 31 arboviral arboviral JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 32 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 33 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 34 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 35 YF YF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 36 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 37 dengue dengue NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 38 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 39 DHF DHF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 40 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 41 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 42 oldest old JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 43 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 44 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 45 group group NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 191 46 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 2 arenaviruses arenavirus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 3 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 4 thought think VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 5 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 6 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 7 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 8 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 9 monotypic monotypic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 11 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 12 single single JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 13 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 15 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 16 choriomeningitis choriomeningitis NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 18 LCM LCM NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 21 occurring occur VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 22 primarily primarily RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 23 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 25 house house NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 26 mouse/ mouse/ HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 27 laboratory laboratory NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 28 mouse mouse NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 29 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 30 Mus Mus NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 31 musculus musculus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 192 32 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 2 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 4 first first RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 5 described describe VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 6 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 7 1933 1933 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 9 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 10 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 11 isolated isolate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 12 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 13 numerous numerous JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 14 locations location NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 16 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 17 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 18 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 19 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 20 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 21 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 22 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 23 Europe Europe NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 24 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 25 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 26 Americas Americas NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 193 27 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 1 A a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 2 second second JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 3 arenavirus arenavirus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 4 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 5 isolated isolate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 6 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 7 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 8 phyllostomatid phyllostomatid JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 10 fruit fruit NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 11 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 12 eating eat VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 14 bat bat NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 15 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 16 Trinidad Trinidad NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 18 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 19 there there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 20 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 21 no no DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 22 associated associate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 23 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 24 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 194 25 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 1 Severe severe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 2 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 3 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 4 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 5 Argentina Argentina NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 6 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 7 later later RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 8 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 9 Bolivia Bolivia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 10 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 12 1950s 1950 NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 13 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 14 1960s 1960 NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 15 resulted result VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 16 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 17 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 18 discovery discovery NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 19 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 20 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 21 viruses virus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 22 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 23 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 24 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 25 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 26 countries country NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 27 - - : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 28 Junin Junin NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 29 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 30 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 31 Argentine argentine JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 32 Hemorrhagic Hemorrhagic NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 33 Fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 35 AHF AHF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 37 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 38 Machupo Machupo NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 39 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 40 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 41 Bolivian bolivian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 42 Hemorrhagic Hemorrhagic NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 43 Fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 45 BHF BHF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 195 47 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 1 More more RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 2 recently recently RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 4 additional additional JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 5 arenaviruses arenavirus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 6 found find VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 7 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 8 Brazil Brazil NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 10 Sabia Sabia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 11 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 13 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 14 Venezuela Venezuela NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 16 Guanarito Guanarito NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 17 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 19 produce produce VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 20 similar similar JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 21 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 22 symptoms symptom NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 196 23 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 1 AHF AHF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 4 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 5 common common JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 7 200 200 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 8 - - SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 9 4,000 4,000 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 10 recorded record VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 11 annually annually RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 12 between between IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 13 1958 1958 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 14 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 15 1995-the 1995-the CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 16 others other NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 17 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 18 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 19 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 21 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 22 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 23 rates rate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 24 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 25 high high JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 26 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 27 all all PDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 28 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 29 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 197 30 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 2 each each DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 4 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 6 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 7 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 8 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 9 contact contact NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 10 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 11 infected infected JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 12 rodent rodent NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 13 excreta excreta NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 15 dust dust NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 17 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 18 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 19 substances substance NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 20 associated associate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 21 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 22 grain grain NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 23 harvesting harvesting NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 24 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 25 storage storage NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 198 26 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 1 There there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 2 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 3 another another DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 4 five five CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 5 arenaviruses arenavirus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 6 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 7 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 8 Americas Americas NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 9 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 10 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 11 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 12 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 13 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 14 cause cause VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 15 any any DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 16 illness illness NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 17 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 18 humans human NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 19 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 21 rodent rodent NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 22 hosts host NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 199 23 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 1 All all DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 2 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 4 rodents rodent NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 5 associated associate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 6 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 7 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 8 viruses virus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 9 belong belong VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 10 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 11 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 12 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 13 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 14 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 15 13 13 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 16 rodent rodent NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 17 families family NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 18 currently currently RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 19 inhabiting inhabit VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 20 South South NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 21 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 200 22 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 1 These these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 2 rodent rodent NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 3 genera genus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 5 Calomys Calomys NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 7 Sigmodon Sigmodon NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 9 Oryzomys Oryzomys NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 11 et et NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 12 al al NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 15 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 16 very very RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 17 closely closely RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 18 related related JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 20 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 21 share share VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 22 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 23 common common JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 24 ancestry ancestry NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 201 25 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 1 Paleontological paleontological JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 2 evidence evidence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 3 indicates indicate VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 4 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 5 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 6 Isthmus Isthmus NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 7 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 8 Panama Panama NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 9 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 10 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 11 bridge bridge NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 12 connecting connect VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 13 North North NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 14 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 15 South South NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 16 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 17 more more JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 18 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 19 2 2 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 20 - - SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 21 3 3 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 22 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 23 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 24 ago ago RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 25 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 26 allowing allow VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 27 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 28 faunal faunal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 29 interchange interchange NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 202 30 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 2 sigmodont sigmodont JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 3 rodent rodent NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 4 progenitors progenitor NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 5 entered enter VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 6 South South NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 7 America America NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 8 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 9 that that DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 10 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 12 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 13 rapidly rapidly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 14 evolved evolve VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 15 into into IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 16 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 17 modern modern JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 18 genera genus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 20 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 203 21 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 1 Presumably presumably RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 3 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 4 ancestor ancestor NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 5 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 6 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 7 tagged tag VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 8 along along RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 10 co co VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 11 - - NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 12 evolving evolve VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 13 into into IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 14 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 15 situation situation NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 16 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 17 now now RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 18 exists exist VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 204 19 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 1 By by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 2 far far RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 4 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 5 important important JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 6 arenaviral arenaviral JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 7 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 8 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 9 Lassa Lassa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 10 Fever Fever NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 11 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 12 discovered discover VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 13 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 14 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 15 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 16 1970 1970 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 19 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 20 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 21 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 22 15 15 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 23 African african JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 24 countries country NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 25 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 26 mostly mostly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 27 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 28 West West NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 29 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 30 Central Central NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 31 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 32 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 33 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 34 also also RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 35 Zimbabwe Zimbabwe NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 36 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 37 Mozambique Mozambique NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 205 38 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 2 natural natural JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 3 host host NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 4 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 5 Lassa Lassa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 6 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 7 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 8 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 9 multi multi JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 10 - - JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 11 mammate mammate JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 12 rat rat NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 14 Mastomys Mastomys NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 15 natalensis natalensis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 17 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 18 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 19 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 20 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 21 common common JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 22 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 23 widely widely RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 24 distributed distribute VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 25 African african JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 26 field field NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 27 rats rat NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 206 28 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 1 Like like IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 2 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 3 South south JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 4 American american JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 5 counterparts counterpart NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 7 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 8 AHF AHF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 9 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 10 BHF BHF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 11 hosts host NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 13 Mastomys Mastomys NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 15 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 16 basically basically RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 17 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 18 grassland grassland NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 19 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 21 easily easily RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 22 adapting adapt VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 23 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 25 man man NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 26 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 27 made make VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 28 grasslands grassland NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 29 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 30 maize maize NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 31 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 32 sorghum sorghum NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 33 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 34 millet millet NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 35 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 36 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 37 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 38 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 39 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 40 cultivated cultivate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 41 grasses grass NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 207 42 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 1 Cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 2 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 3 Lassa Lassa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 4 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 5 generally generally RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 6 associated associate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 7 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 8 agricultural agricultural JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 9 activities activity NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 10 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 11 food food NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 12 storage storage NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 13 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 14 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 15 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 16 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 17 contact contact NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 18 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 19 excreta excreta NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 20 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 21 infected infected JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 22 rodents rodent NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 208 23 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 1 Without without IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 2 laboratory laboratory NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 3 facilities facility NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 4 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 5 confirmation confirmation NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 8 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 9 difficult difficult JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 10 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 11 distinguish distinguish VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 12 Lassa Lassa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 13 fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 14 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 15 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 17 YF YF NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 19 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 20 even even RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 21 severe severe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 22 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 23 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 24 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 209 25 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 1 There there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 2 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 3 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 4 estimated estimate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 5 500,000 500,000 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 6 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 7 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 8 year year NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 10 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 11 more more JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 12 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 13 15 15 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 14 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 15 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 16 rate rate NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 17 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 18 hospitalized hospitalize VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 19 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 210 20 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 2 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 3 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 4 more more RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 5 severe severe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 6 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 7 pregnancy pregnancy NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 9 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 10 fetal fetal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 11 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 12 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 13 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 14 more more JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 15 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 16 80 80 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 17 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 211 18 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 3 early early JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 4 1970s 1970 NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 6 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 7 before before IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 8 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 9 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 10 occurred occur VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 13 Lassa Lassa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 14 caused cause VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 15 great great JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 16 consternation consternation NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 17 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 18 Europe Europe NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 20 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 21 Americas Americas NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 22 over over IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 23 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 24 possibility possibility NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 25 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 26 introduction introduction NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 27 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 28 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 29 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 212 30 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 1 These these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 2 concerns concern NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 3 still still RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 4 exist exist VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 5 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 6 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 7 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 8 heightened heighten VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 9 after after IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 10 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 11 appearance appearance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 12 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 13 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 14 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 15 groups group NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 16 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 17 viral viral JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 18 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 19 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 213 20 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 2 hantaviruses hantaviruse NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 3 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 4 comprised comprise VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 5 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 6 two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 7 large large JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 8 groups group NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 9 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 10 viruses virus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 12 all all DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 13 transmitted transmit VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 14 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 15 rodents rodent NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 16 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 17 producing produce VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 18 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 19 range range NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 20 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 21 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 22 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 23 renal renal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 24 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 25 and/or and/or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 26 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 27 complications complication NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 214 28 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 2 Old Old NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 3 World World NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 4 Hantaviruses Hantaviruses NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 5 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 6 comprised comprise VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 7 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 8 over over IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 9 20 20 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 10 different different JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 11 viruses virus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 13 several several JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 14 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 15 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 16 some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 17 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 18 under under IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 19 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 20 different different JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 215 21 classification classification NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 2 e.g. e.g. RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 4 Hanta Hanta NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 5 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 6 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 7 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 8 cause cause NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 9 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 10 Korean korean JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 11 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 12 fever fever NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 13 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 14 renal renal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 15 syndrome syndrome NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 17 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 18 important important JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 19 military military JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 20 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 21 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 22 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 23 1950s 1950s CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 216 25 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 1 Most Most JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 2 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 3 still still RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 4 occur occur VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 5 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 6 agrarian agrarian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 7 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 8 military military JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 9 populations population NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 10 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 11 occur occur VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 12 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 13 over over IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 14 50 50 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 15 countries country NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 16 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 17 Asia Asia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 19 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 21 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 22 Europe Europe NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 217 23 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 1 each each DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 2 year year NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 3 approximately approximately RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 4 200,000 200,000 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 5 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 6 occcur occcur NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 7 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 8 Eurasia Eurasia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 10 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 11 more more JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 12 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 13 50 50 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 14 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 15 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 16 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 17 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 18 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 19 China China NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 218 20 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 1 Case case NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 2 fatalities fatality NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 3 range range VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 4 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 5 0.1 0.1 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 6 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 7 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 8 10.0 10.0 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 9 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 10 depending depend VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 11 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 12 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 13 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 219 14 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 2 15 15 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 3 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 4 so so RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 5 New New NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 6 World World NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 7 Hantaviruses Hantaviruses NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 8 produce produce VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 9 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 10 pulmonary pulmonary NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 12 rather rather RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 13 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 14 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 15 renal renal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 17 syndrome syndrome NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 220 18 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 1 Since since IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 2 being be VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 3 described describe VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 4 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 5 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 6 group group NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 7 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 8 1993 1993 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 10 approximately approximately RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 11 1,000 1,000 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 12 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 13 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 14 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 15 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 16 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 17 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 18 Americas Americas NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 20 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 21 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 22 high high JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 23 case case NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 24 fatality fatality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 25 rate rate NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 27 45 45 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 28 - - SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 29 50 50 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 30 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 221 32 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 2 natural natural JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 3 hosts host NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 4 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 5 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 6 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 7 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 8 hantavirus hantavirus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 9 groups group NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 10 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 11 mostly mostly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 12 muroid muroid JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 13 rodents rodent NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 15 Old Old NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 16 World World NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 17 Group Group NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 20 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 21 cricetid cricetid JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 22 rodents rodent NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 24 New New NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 25 World World NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 26 Group Group NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 222 28 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 1 This this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 3 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 4 surprising surprising JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 6 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 7 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 8 two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 9 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 10 amongst amongst IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 12 largest large JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 13 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 14 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 15 widely widely RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 16 distributed distribute VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 17 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 18 families family NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 223 19 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 1 However however RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 4 manner manner NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 5 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 6 zones zone NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 7 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 8 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 9 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 10 similarrodent similarrodent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 11 contamination contamination NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 12 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 13 grain grain NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 14 crops crop NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 15 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 16 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 17 field field NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 18 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 19 storage storage NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 20 where where WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 21 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 22 come come VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 23 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 24 contact contact NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 25 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 26 rodent rodent NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 27 excreta excreta NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 224 28 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 2 two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 3 closely closely RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 4 related related JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 5 Filoviruses Filoviruses NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 7 Marburg Marburg NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 9 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 11 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 12 among among IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 13 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 14 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 15 virulent virulent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 16 viruses virus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 17 yet yet CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 18 described describe VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 19 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 20 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 21 overall overall JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 22 fatality fatality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 23 rate rate NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 24 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 25 more more JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 26 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 27 75 75 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 28 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 29 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 30 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 31 higher high JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 32 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 33 several several JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 34 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 36 possibly possibly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 37 augmented augment VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 38 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 39 use use NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 40 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 41 dirty dirty JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 42 syringes syrinx NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 43 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 44 needles needle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 45 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 46 give give VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 47 injectable injectable JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 48 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 50 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 51 anti anti JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 52 - - JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 53 malarial malarial JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 54 drug drug NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 56 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 57 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 58 patient patient NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 59 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 60 s s NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 61 friends friend NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 62 who who WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 63 carried carry VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 64 him -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 65 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 66 her -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 67 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 68 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 69 hospital hospital NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 225 70 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 1 Marburg Marburg NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 2 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 3 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 4 first first RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 5 described describe VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 7 1967 1967 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 9 among among IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 10 monkeys monkey NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 11 sent send VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 12 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 13 East East NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 14 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 15 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 16 European european JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 17 laboratories laboratory NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 19 there there RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 20 killing kill VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 21 laboratory laboratory NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 22 technicians technician NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 226 23 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 227 1 Subsequent subsequent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 227 2 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 227 3 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 227 4 occurred occur VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 227 5 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 227 6 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 227 7 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 1 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 2 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 3 appeared appear VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 4 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 5 1976 1976 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 6 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 7 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 8 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 9 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 10 Zaire Zaire NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 12 Democratic Democratic NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 13 Republic Republic NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 15 Congo Congo NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 228 17 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 229 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 229 2 Barry Barry NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 229 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 229 4 2004 2004 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 229 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 1 One one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 2 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 3 strain strain NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 4 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 5 implicated implicate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 6 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 7 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 8 outbreak outbreak NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 9 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 10 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 11 animal animal NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 12 holding hold VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 13 facility facility NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 15 Reston Reston NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 17 Virginia Virginia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 230 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 231 1 U.S.A. U.S.A. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 231 2 Several several JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 231 3 humans human NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 231 4 seroconverted seroconverte VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 231 5 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 231 6 showed show VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 231 7 no no DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 231 8 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 231 9 symptoms symptom NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 231 10 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 2 repeated repeat VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 3 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 4 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 5 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 6 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 7 Marburg Marburg NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 8 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 10 mostly mostly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 11 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 12 Central Central NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 13 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 15 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 16 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 17 described describe VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 18 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 19 commencing commence VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 20 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 21 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 22 rapidity rapidity NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 23 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 24 devastation devastation NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 232 25 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 233 1 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 1 During during IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 2 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 3 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 4 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 5 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 6 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 7 generally generally RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 8 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 9 contact contact NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 10 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 11 contaminated contaminated JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 12 blood blood NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 13 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 14 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 15 tissues tissue NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 16 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 17 infected infected JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 18 persons person NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 234 19 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 1 Most Most JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 2 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 3 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 4 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 5 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 6 rather rather RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 7 remote remote JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 8 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 9 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 10 poor poor JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 11 health health NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 12 care care NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 13 facilities facility NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 15 so so IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 16 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 17 patients patient NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 18 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 19 seen see VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 20 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 21 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 22 advanced advanced JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 23 symptoms symptom NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 235 24 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 236 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 236 2 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 236 3 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 236 4 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 236 5 able able JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 236 6 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 236 7 find find VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 236 8 reservoir reservoir NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 236 9 organisms organism NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 2 there there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 3 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 4 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 5 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 7 better well RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 8 equipped equipped JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 9 expeditions expedition NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 10 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 12 one one NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 13 described describe VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 16 footnote footnote NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 18 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 19 none none NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 20 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 21 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 22 successful successful JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 24 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 25 nor nor CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 26 do do VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 27 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 28 know know VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 29 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 30 mechanism(s mechanism(s NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 32 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 33 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 34 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 35 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 36 wild wild NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 237 37 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 1 One one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 2 distinct distinct JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 3 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 4 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 5 strain strain NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 6 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 7 Ivory Ivory NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 8 Coast Coast NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 9 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 10 isolated isolate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 11 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 12 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 13 chimpanzee chimpanzee NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 14 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 15 primates primate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 16 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 17 hunted hunt VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 18 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 19 eaten eat VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 20 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 21 humans human NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 22 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 23 parts part NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 24 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 25 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 26 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 27 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 28 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 29 serve serve VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 30 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 31 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 32 ' ' `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 33 link link NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 34 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 35 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 36 which which WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 37 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 38 virus(es virus(es CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 40 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 41 able able JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 42 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 43 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 44 cross cross VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 45 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 46 species species NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 47 barrier barrier NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 48 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 49 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 50 enter enter VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 51 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 52 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 53 population population NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 238 54 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 239 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 239 2 Barry Barry NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 239 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 239 4 2004 2004 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 239 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 2 Government Government NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 3 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 4 Sudan Sudan NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 5 requested request VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 6 WHO who WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 7 assistance assistance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 9 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 10 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 11 Government Government NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 12 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 13 Zaire Zaire NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 14 requested request VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 16 same same JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 17 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 18 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 19 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 20 Government Government NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 22 CDC CDC NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 240 24 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 1 Representatives representative NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 2 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 3 WHO WHO NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 4 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 5 CDC CDC NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 6 met meet VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 7 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 8 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 9 next next JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 10 few few JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 11 days day NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 12 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 13 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 14 London London NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 15 School School NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 16 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 17 Hygiene Hygiene NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 18 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 19 Tropical Tropical NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 20 Medicine Medicine NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 21 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 22 work work VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 23 out out RP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 24 details detail NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 25 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 26 coordination coordination NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 28 WHO who WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 29 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 30 represented represent VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 31 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 32 Dr. Dr. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 33 Paul Paul NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 34 Bres Bres NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 35 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 36 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 37 author author NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 38 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 39 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 40 CDC CDC NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 41 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 42 Dr. Dr. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 43 Karl Karl NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 44 Johnson Johnson NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 241 46 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 2 had have VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 3 all all DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 4 thought think VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 5 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 6 Lassa Lassa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 7 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 8 Marburg Marburg NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 9 viral viral JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 10 fevers fever NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 12 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 13 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 14 surprised surprised JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 15 when when WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 16 Dr. Dr. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 17 Johnson Johnson NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 18 said say VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 20 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 21 neither neither DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 242 22 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 1 He -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 2 then then RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 3 showed show VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 4 us -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 5 electron electron NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 6 photomicrographs photomicrographs NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 7 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 8 tissue tissue NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 9 taken take VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 10 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 11 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 12 early early JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 13 case case NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 14 - - : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 16 stringlike stringlike NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 17 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 18 6 6 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 20 9 9 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 21 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 22 figures figure NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 23 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 24 just just RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 25 like like IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 26 Marburg Marburg NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 243 27 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 1 But but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 3 he -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 4 explained explain VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 6 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 7 one one NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 8 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 9 serologically serologically RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 10 distinct distinct JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 11 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 12 Marburg Marburg NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 14 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 16 proposed propose VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 17 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 18 name name VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 20 after after IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 21 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 22 river river NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 23 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 25 area area NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 26 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 27 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 28 ' ' `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 29 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 30 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 244 31 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 2 agreed agree VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 3 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 4 I -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 6 AAA AAA NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 9 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 10 virologist virologist NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 12 Dr. Dr. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 13 Bruce Bruce NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 14 Johnson Johnson NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 16 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 17 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 18 LSHTM LSHTM NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 19 would would MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 20 go go VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 21 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 22 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 23 site site NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 24 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 25 Sudan Sudan NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 26 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 27 sample sample VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 28 potential potential JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 29 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 30 and/or and/or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 31 vectors vector NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 245 32 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 1 Bruce Bruce NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 2 would would MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 3 bring bring VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 5 supplies supply NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 6 needed need VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 7 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 8 taking take VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 9 tissue tissue NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 10 samples sample NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 12 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 13 liquid liquid JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 14 nitrogen nitrogen NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 15 containers container NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 16 needed need VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 17 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 18 return return VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 19 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 20 samples sample NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 21 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 22 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 23 UK UK NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 246 24 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 247 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 247 2 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 247 3 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 247 4 gather gather VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 247 5 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 247 6 animal animal NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 247 7 collecting collect VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 247 8 materials material NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 247 9 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 1 WHO who WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 2 had have VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 3 no no DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 4 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 5 equipment equipment NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 6 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 7 Geneva Geneva NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 9 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 10 course course NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 12 so so RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 13 I -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 14 borrowed borrow VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 15 ' ' `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 16 mist mist NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 17 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 18 nets net NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 19 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 20 collecting collect VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 21 bats bat NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 22 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 23 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 24 British British NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 25 Musum Musum NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 27 Natural Natural NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 28 History History NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 30 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 31 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 32 Museé Museé NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 33 d d NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 34 ' ' `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 35 Histoire Histoire NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 36 Naturelle Naturelle NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 37 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 38 Geneva Geneva NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 39 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 40 borrowed borrow VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 41 sample sample NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 42 rodent rodent NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 43 traps trap NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 44 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 45 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 46 Swiss Swiss NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 47 Agricultural Agricultural NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 48 Research Research NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 49 Station Station NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 50 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 51 Nyon Nyon NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 52 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 53 near near IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 54 Geneva Geneva NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 248 55 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 2 had have VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 4 traps trap NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 5 made make VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 6 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 7 Nzara Nzara NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 9 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 10 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 12 sites site NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 13 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 14 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 15 outbreak outbreak NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 16 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 17 Sudan Sudan NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 249 18 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 1 To to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 2 autoclave autoclave VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 4 dissecting dissect VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 5 instruments instrument NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 7 purchased purchase VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 8 two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 9 household household NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 10 ' ' POS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 11 pressure pressure NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 12 cookers cooker NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 13 ' ' POS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 14 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 16 local local JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 17 super super JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 18 market market NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 20 Migros Migros NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 22 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 23 Geneva Geneva NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 250 24 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 251 1 Placed place VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 251 2 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 251 3 stones stone NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 251 4 over over IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 251 5 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 251 6 open open JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 251 7 fire fire NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 251 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 251 9 they -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 251 10 served serve VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 251 11 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 251 12 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 1 An an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 2 experimental experimental JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 3 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 4 vaccine vaccine NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 5 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 6 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 7 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 8 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 9 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 10 successful successful JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 11 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 12 trials trial NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 13 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 14 non non JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 15 - - JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 16 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 17 primates primate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 252 18 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 253 1 Human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 253 2 trials trial NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 253 3 will will MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 253 4 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 253 5 conducted conduct VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 253 6 soon soon RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 253 7 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 1 Two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 2 previously previously RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 3 unknown unknown JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 4 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 5 unrelated unrelated JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 6 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 7 viral viral JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 8 infections infection NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 10 Severe severe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 11 Acute acute JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 12 Respiratory Respiratory NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 13 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 17 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 18 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 19 Asian asian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 20 Avian Avian NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 21 Influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 23 strain strain NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 24 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 26 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 27 originating originate VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 28 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 29 Southeast Southeast NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 30 Asia Asia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 31 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 32 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 33 received receive VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 34 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 35 great great JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 36 deal deal NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 37 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 38 popular popular JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 39 attention attention NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 40 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 41 public public JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 42 health health NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 43 concern concern NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 254 44 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 2 November November NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 3 2002 2002 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 4 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 5 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 6 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 7 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 8 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 9 illness illness NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 11 subsequently subsequently RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 12 labeled label VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 13 SARS SARS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 15 appeared appear VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 16 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 17 China China NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 255 18 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 1 A a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 2 delay delay NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 3 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 4 timely timely JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 5 reporting reporting NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 6 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 7 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 8 initial initial JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 9 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 10 allowed allow VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 12 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 13 spread spread VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 14 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 15 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 16 Southeast southeast JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 17 Asian asian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 18 countries country NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 20 Australia Australia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 21 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 22 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 23 Americas Americas NNPS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 24 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 25 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 26 at at RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 27 least least JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 28 10 10 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 29 European european JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 30 countries country NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 256 31 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 1 Reports report NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 2 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 4 actual actual JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 5 number number NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 6 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 7 persons person NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 8 infected infect VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 9 varied varied JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 11 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 12 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 13 numbered number VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 16 thousands thousand NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 18 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 19 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 20 rates rate NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 21 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 22 up up IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 23 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 24 15 15 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 25 % % NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 26 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 27 indicated indicate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 257 28 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 1 Surveys survey NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 2 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 3 wild wild JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 4 animals animal NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 5 captured capture VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 6 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 7 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 8 consumption consumption NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 9 quickly quickly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 10 showed show VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 11 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 12 ferrets ferret NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 14 civets civet NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 16 related relate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 17 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 18 mongooses mongoose NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 21 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 22 raccoon raccoon NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 23 dogs dog NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 25 shaggy shaggy JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 26 fox fox NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 27 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 28 like like JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 29 carnivores carnivore NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 31 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 32 positive positive JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 33 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 34 harboring harbor VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 35 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 36 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 37 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 38 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 39 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 40 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 41 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 42 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 43 if if IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 44 any any DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 45 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 46 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 47 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 48 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 49 true true JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 50 reservoir reservoir NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 51 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 52 nature nature NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 258 53 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 2 WHO who WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 3 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 4 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 5 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 6 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 7 chain chain NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 8 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 9 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 10 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 11 have have VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 12 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 13 broken break VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 15 no no DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 16 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 17 cases case NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 18 reported report VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 19 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 20 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 21 period period NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 22 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 23 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 24 equal equal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 25 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 26 two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 27 consecutive consecutive JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 28 10 10 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 29 day day NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 30 incubation incubation NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 31 periods period NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 259 33 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 260 1 This this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 260 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 260 3 clearly clearly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 260 4 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 260 5 case case NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 260 6 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 260 7 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 260 8 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 260 9 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 260 10 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 260 11 jumping jumping NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 260 12 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 260 13 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 3 world world NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 4 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 5 s s POS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 6 largest large JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 8 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 9 densely densely RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 10 populated populated JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 11 country country NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 12 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 13 could could MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 14 spell spell VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 15 disaster disaster NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 17 especially especially RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 18 if if IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 19 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 20 reporting reporting NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 21 network network NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 22 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 23 compromised compromise VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 261 24 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 2 Asian asian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 3 Avian Avian NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 4 Influenza Influenza NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 5 strain strain NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 6 initially initially RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 7 appeared appear VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 8 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 9 poultry poultry NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 10 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 11 Hong Hong NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 12 Kong Kong NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 13 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 14 1997 1997 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 16 when when WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 18 jumped jump VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 19 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 20 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 21 barrier barrier NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 22 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 23 killed kill VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 24 6 6 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 25 out out IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 26 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 27 18 18 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 28 infected infected JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 29 persons person NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 262 30 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 1 This this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 2 recent recent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 3 outbreak outbreak NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 4 spread spread VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 5 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 6 Korea Korea NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 8 December December NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 9 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 10 2003 2003 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 13 then then RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 14 Japan Japan NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 15 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 16 Vietnam Vietnam NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 18 January January NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 19 2004 2004 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 263 21 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 1 Hong Hong NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 2 Kong Kong NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 3 reportedly reportedly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 4 slaughtered slaughter VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 5 1.4 1.4 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 6 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 7 chickens chicken NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 8 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 9 ducks duck NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 12 as as RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 13 many many JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 14 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 15 three three CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 16 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 17 slaughtered slaughter VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 18 through through IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 19 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 20 Southeast Southeast NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 21 Asia Asia NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 22 region region NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 23 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 24 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 25 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 26 reports report NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 27 indicate indicate VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 28 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 29 there there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 30 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 31 nonspecific nonspecific JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 32 wild wild JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 33 variants variant NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 34 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 35 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 36 strain strain NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 37 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 38 wild wild JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 39 birds bird NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 40 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 41 serve serve VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 42 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 43 natural natural JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 44 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 264 45 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 1 Of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 2 major major JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 3 concern concern NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 4 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 5 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 6 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 7 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 8 highly highly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 9 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 10 avian avian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 11 influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 12 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 13 increasing increase VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 15 frequency frequency NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 16 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 17 severity severity NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 265 18 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 1 Reportedly reportedly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 3 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 5 40 40 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 6 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 7 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 8 1959 1959 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 9 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 10 1998 1998 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 12 there there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 13 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 14 only only RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 15 17 17 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 16 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 18 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 19 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 20 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 21 past past JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 22 six six CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 23 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 24 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 25 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 26 1997 1997 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 27 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 28 2003 2003 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 29 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 30 there there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 31 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 32 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 33 six six CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 34 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 35 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 36 including include VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 37 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 38 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 39 recent recent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 40 incidents incident NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 266 41 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 1 If if IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 2 bubonic bubonic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 3 plague plague NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 4 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 5 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 6 quintessential quintessential JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 7 pestilence pestilence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 8 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 9 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 10 ancient ancient JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 12 medieval medieval JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 13 worlds world NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 15 Acquired Acquired NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 16 Immunodeficiency Immunodeficiency NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 17 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 19 caused cause VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 20 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 21 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 22 Human Human NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 23 Immunodeficiency Immunodeficiency NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 24 Virus Virus NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 26 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 27 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 28 HIV HIV NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 30 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 31 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 32 chief chief JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 33 pestilence pestilence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 34 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 35 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 36 modern modern JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 37 world world NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 38 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 39 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 40 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 41 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 42 still still RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 43 growing grow VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 44 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 45 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 46 receding recede VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 267 47 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 1 There there EX cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 3 also also RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 4 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 5 vast vast JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 6 literature literature NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 7 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 8 will will MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 9 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 10 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 11 reviewed review VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 12 here here RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 14 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 16 following following JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 17 2003 2003 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 18 data datum NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 19 points point NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 20 describe describe VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 21 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 22 severity severity NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 23 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 24 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 25 pandemic pandemic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 26 pestilence pestilence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 268 27 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 1 r r LS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 2 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 3 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 4 gaining gain VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 5 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 6 firmer firm JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 7 foothold foothold NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 8 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 9 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 10 large large JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 11 populations population NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 12 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 13 India India NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 14 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 15 China China NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 16 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 17 r r LS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 18 World world NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 19 wide wide JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 21 40 40 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 22 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 23 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 24 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 25 infected infect VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 26 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 27 HIV HIV NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 28 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 29 r r NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 30 25 25 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 31 - - SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 32 28 28 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 33 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 34 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 35 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 36 infected infected JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 37 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 38 live live VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 39 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 40 sub sub JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 41 - - JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 42 Saharan saharan JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 43 Africa Africa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 44 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 45 r r NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 46 5 5 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 47 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 48 persons person NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 49 became become VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 50 infected infect VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 51 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 52 year year NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 53 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 54 700,000 700,000 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 55 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 56 children child NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 57 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 58 r r LS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 59 3 3 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 60 million million CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 61 persons person NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 62 died die VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 63 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 64 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 65 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 66 year year NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 67 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 68 500,000 500,000 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 69 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 70 them -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 71 less less JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 72 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 73 15 15 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 74 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 75 old old JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 76 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 77 r r NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 78 Existence existence NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 79 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 80 Simian simian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 81 Immunodeficiency Immunodeficiency NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 82 Virus Virus NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 83 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 84 SIV SIV NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 85 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 86 suggests suggest VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 87 animal animal NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 88 origin origin NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 269 89 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 2 social social JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 3 damage damage NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 4 accompanying accompany VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 5 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 6 pandemic pandemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 7 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 8 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 9 reflected reflect VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 10 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 11 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 12 bare bare JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 13 figures figure NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 14 given give VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 15 above above RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 16 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 17 especially especially RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 18 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 19 orphaned orphan VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 20 children child NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 21 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 22 destroyed destroy VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 23 family family NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 24 structures structure NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 25 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 26 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 27 so so RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 28 forth forth RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 270 29 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 2 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 3 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 4 estimated estimate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 5 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 6 10 10 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 7 billion billion CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 8 dollars dollar NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 9 US US NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 11 per per IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 12 annum annum NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 14 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 15 required require VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 16 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 17 provide provide VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 18 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 19 prevention prevention NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 20 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 21 treatment treatment NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 22 facilities facility NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 23 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 24 services service NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 25 needed need VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 26 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 27 To to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 28 date date NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 29 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 30 less less JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 31 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 32 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 33 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 34 half half NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 36 $ $ $ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 37 4.7 4.7 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 38 billion billion CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 39 per per IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 40 annum annum NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 42 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 43 been be VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 44 made make VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 45 available available JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 271 46 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 1 Some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 2 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 4 old old JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 5 category category NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 6 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 7 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 8 still still RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 9 strongly strongly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 10 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 11 us -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 15 malaria malaria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 17 TB TB NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 19 influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 21 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 22 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 23 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 24 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 25 adapting adapt VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 26 traits trait NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 27 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 28 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 29 drug drug NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 30 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 31 resistance resistance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 32 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 33 crossing crossing NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 34 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 35 jumping jump VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 36 species specie NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 37 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 38 they -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 39 expand expand VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 40 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 41 reservoir reservoir NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 42 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 43 host host NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 44 base base NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 272 45 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 273 1 As as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 273 2 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 273 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 273 4 they -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 273 5 could could MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 273 6 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 273 7 considered consider VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 273 8 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 273 9 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 1 Some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 2 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 3 old old JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 4 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 5 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 6 rather rather RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 7 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 8 controlled control VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 9 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 10 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 11 developed develop VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 12 countries country NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 13 where where WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 14 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 15 surveillance surveillance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 16 systems system NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 17 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 18 efficient efficient JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 19 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 20 vaccination vaccination NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 21 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 22 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 23 preventive preventive JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 24 services service NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 25 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 26 readily readily RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 27 available available JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 28 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 29 properly properly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 30 used use VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 274 31 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 1 These these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 2 would would MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 3 include include VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 4 smallpox smallpox NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 6 eradicated eradicate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 9 polio polio NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 11 eradicated eradicate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 12 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 13 some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 14 areas area NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 17 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 18 childhood childhood NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 19 illnesses illness NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 20 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 21 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 22 pertussis pertussis NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 23 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 24 diptheria diptheria NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 25 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 26 tetanus tetanus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 27 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 28 measles measle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 29 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 30 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 31 so so RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 32 on on RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 275 33 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 1 Even even RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 2 bubonic bubonic VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 3 plague plague NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 4 could could MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 5 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 6 characterized characterize VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 7 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 8 being be VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 9 under under IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 10 control control NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 11 - - : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 13 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 14 widespread widespread JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 16 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 17 also also RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 18 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 19 understood understand VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 21 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 22 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 23 vector vector NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 24 control control NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 25 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 26 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 27 antibiotics antibiotic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 28 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 29 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 30 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 31 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 32 severe severe JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 33 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 34 mortality mortality NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 35 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 36 low low JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 276 37 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 1 On on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 3 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 4 hand hand NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 6 some some DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 7 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 8 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 9 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 11 most most RBS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 12 recently recently RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 13 discovered discover VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 15 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 16 like like IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 17 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 18 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 19 HIV HIV NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 20 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 21 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 22 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 23 hard hard JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 24 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 25 handle handle VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 277 26 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 2 know know VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 3 little little JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 4 about about IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 5 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 6 natural natural JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 7 history history NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 8 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 9 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 11 Lassa Lassa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 12 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 13 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 14 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 15 South south JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 16 American american JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 17 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 18 fevers fever NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 19 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 20 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 21 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 22 knowledge knowledge NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 23 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 24 HIV HIV NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 25 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 26 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 27 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 28 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 29 laboratory laboratory NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 30 probably probably RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 31 exceeds exceed VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 32 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 33 understanding understanding NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 34 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 35 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 36 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 37 impacts impact NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 38 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 39 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 40 having have VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 41 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 42 whole whole JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 43 cultures culture NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 278 44 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 1 When when WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 2 Lassa Lassa NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 3 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 4 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 5 jumped jump VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 6 " " '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 7 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 8 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 9 field field NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 10 rat rat NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 12 Mastomys Mastomys NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 14 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 15 humans human NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 17 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 18 dreadfully dreadfully RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 19 virulent virulent JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 21 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 22 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 23 seemed seem VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 24 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 25 come come VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 26 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 27 nowhere nowhere RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 279 28 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 1 But but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 3 after after IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 4 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 5 few few JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 6 years year NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 7 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 8 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 9 know know VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 10 that that DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 12 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 13 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 14 exception exception NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 15 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 16 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 17 bat bat NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 19 all all DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 20 arenaviruses arenavirus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 21 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 22 well well RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 23 adapted adapt VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 24 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 25 particular particular JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 26 rodent rodent NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 27 groups group NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 28 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 29 most most JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 30 rodents rodent NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 31 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 32 grass grass NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 33 eaters eater NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 34 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 35 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 36 lots lot NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 37 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 38 crops crop NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 39 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 40 grasses grass NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 42 wheat wheat NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 43 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 44 maize maize NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 45 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 46 sugarcane sugarcane NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 47 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 48 rice rice NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 49 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 50 etc etc FW cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 51 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 53 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 54 therefore therefore RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 55 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 56 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 57 arenaviral arenaviral JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 58 fevers fever NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 59 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 60 seen see VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 61 primarily primarily RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 62 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 63 agricultural agricultural JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 64 settings setting NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 65 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 66 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 67 stored store VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 68 grain grain NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 280 69 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 1 Yet yet RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 3 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 4 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 5 more more RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 6 recently recently RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 7 known know VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 8 Hantavirus Hantavirus NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 9 group group NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 11 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 12 even even RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 13 less less RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 14 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 16 multiferous multiferous JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 17 arboviruses arbovirus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 19 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 20 do do VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 21 not not RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 22 have have VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 23 good good JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 24 data datum NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 25 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 26 ecological ecological JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 27 determinents determinent NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 28 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 29 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 30 even even RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 31 host host NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 32 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 33 reservoir reservoir NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 34 relationships relationship NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 281 35 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 1 At at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 3 same same JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 4 time time NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 5 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 6 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 7 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 8 modifying modify VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 9 environmental environmental JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 10 conditions condition NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 11 rapidly rapidly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 12 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 13 extensively extensively RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 15 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 16 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 17 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 18 little little JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 19 information information NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 20 indicating indicate VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 21 whether whether IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 22 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 23 changes change NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 24 will will MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 25 eliminate eliminate VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 26 potential potential JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 27 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 28 cycles cycle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 29 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 30 exacerbate exacerbate VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 31 them -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 282 32 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 283 1 This this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 283 2 may may MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 283 3 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 283 4 even even RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 283 5 more more RBR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 283 6 important important JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 283 7 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 283 8 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 283 9 like like IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 283 10 influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 283 11 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 1 If if IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 2 they -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 3 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 4 obligate obligate JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 5 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 6 opportunistic opportunistic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 7 vertebrate vertebrate JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 8 hosts host NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 9 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 10 these these DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 11 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 12 coincidentily coincidentily NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 13 reduced reduce VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 14 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 15 number number NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 16 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 17 eliminated eliminate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 18 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 19 what what WP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 20 selection selection NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 21 pressures pressure NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 22 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 23 set set VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 24 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 25 action action NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 26 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 27 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 28 virus virus NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 29 population population NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 30 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 31 select select VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 32 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 33 hosts host NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 284 34 ? ? . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 285 1 And and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 285 2 when when WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 285 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 285 4 comes come VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 285 5 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 285 6 modifying modify VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 285 7 environments environment NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 285 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 285 9 man man NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 285 10 has have VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 285 11 no no DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 285 12 equal equal JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 285 13 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 1 Yet yet CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 3 know know VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 4 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 5 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 6 microbial microbial JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 7 evolution evolution NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 8 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 9 going go VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 10 on on RP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 11 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 12 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 13 rapid rapid JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 14 pace pace NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 15 - - : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 16 just just RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 17 look look VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 18 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 19 how how WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 20 fast fast JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 21 drug drug NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 22 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 23 resistance resistance NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 24 develops develop VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 25 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 26 spreads spread VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 286 27 ! ! . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 1 In in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 2 reading read VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 3 articles article NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 4 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 5 researching research VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 6 references reference NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 7 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 8 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 9 document document NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 10 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 11 I -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 12 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 13 amazed amazed JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 14 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 15 discover discover VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 16 again again RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 17 how how WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 18 many many JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 19 human human JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 20 illnesses illness NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 21 have have VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 23 direct direct JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 24 animal animal NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 26 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 28 counterparts counterpart NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 29 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 30 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 31 were be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 32 vectored vectore VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 33 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 34 hosted host VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 35 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 36 arthropods arthropod NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 37 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 38 rodents rodent NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 39 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 40 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 41 snails snail NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 42 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 43 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 44 how how WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 45 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 46 avian avian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 47 influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 48 can can MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 49 become become VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 50 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 51 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 52 influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 53 very very RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 54 quickly quickly RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 55 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 56 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 57 how how WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 58 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 59 bat bat NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 60 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 61 an an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 62 oppossum oppossum NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 63 can can MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 64 do do VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 65 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 66 same same JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 67 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 68 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 69 Chagas Chagas NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 70 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 71 trypanosome trypanosome NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 287 72 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 3 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 4 this this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 5 context context NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 6 that that WDT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 7 I -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 8 feel feel VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 9 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 10 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 11 know know VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 12 very very RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 13 little little JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 14 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 16 natural natural JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 17 history history NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 18 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 19 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 20 ecological ecological JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 21 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 22 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 23 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 24 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 25 transmission transmission NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 26 cycles cycle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 27 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 28 teach teach VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 288 29 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 1 Especially especially RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 2 disturbing disturbing JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 3 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 4 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 5 read read VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 6 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 7 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 8 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 9 strain strain NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 10 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 11 Asian asian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 12 avian avian JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 13 influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 14 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 16 necessity necessity NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 18 around around IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 19 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 20 world world NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 21 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 22 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 23 kill kill VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 24 millions million NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 25 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 26 birds bird NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 289 27 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 1 If if IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 2 one one PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 3 was be VBD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 4 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 5 dream dream VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 6 up up RP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 7 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 8 model model NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 9 pathogen pathogen NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 10 incubator incubator NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 12 dissemination dissemination NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 13 engine engine NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 14 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 15 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 16 perfect perfect JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 17 model model NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 18 would would MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 19 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 20 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 21 modern modern JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 22 chicken chicken NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 23 farm farm NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 24 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 25 500,000 500,000 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 26 birds bird NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 27 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 28 defecating defecate VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 29 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 30 birds bird NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 31 do do VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 32 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 33 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 34 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 35 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 36 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 37 constant constant JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 38 temperature temperature NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 39 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 40 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 41 residues residue NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 42 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 43 organic organic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 44 chicken chicken NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 45 feed feed NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 46 all all RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 47 about about IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 290 48 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 291 1 And and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 291 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 291 3 wonder wonder VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 291 4 why why WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 291 5 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 291 6 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 291 7 emerge emerge VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 291 8 ? ? . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 292 1 Any any DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 292 2 farmer farmer NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 292 3 worth worth JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 292 4 his -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 292 5 / / SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 292 6 her -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 292 7 salt salt NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 292 8 knows know VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 292 9 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 292 10 monoculture monoculture NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 292 11 breeds breed VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 292 12 pests pest NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 292 13 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 1 This this DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 3 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 4 good good JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 5 place place NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 6 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 7 bring bring VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 8 up up RP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 9 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 10 other other JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 11 difficult difficult JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 12 subject subject NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 13 - - HYPH cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 14 bioterrorism bioterrorism NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 293 15 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 2 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 3 difficult difficult JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 4 for for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 5 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 6 dedicated dedicated JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 7 to to IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 8 public public JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 9 health health NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 10 principles principle NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 11 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 12 imagine imagine VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 13 why why WRB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 14 anyone anyone NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 15 would would MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 16 even even RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 17 consider consider VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 18 using use VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 19 infectious infectious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 20 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 21 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 22 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 23 weapon weapon NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 24 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 25 but but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 26 it -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 27 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 28 being be VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 29 done do VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 30 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 31 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 32 we -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 33 need need VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 34 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 35 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 36 able able JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 37 to to TO cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 38 distinguish distinguish VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 39 between between IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 40 a a DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 41 natural natural JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 42 epidemic epidemic NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 43 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 44 one one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 45 orchestrated orchestrate VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 46 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 47 man man NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 294 48 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 1 Again again RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 2 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 3 knowledge knowledge NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 4 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 5 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 6 natural natural JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 7 history history NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 8 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 9 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 10 organisms organism NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 11 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 13 natural natural JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 14 hosts host NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 15 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 16 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 17 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 18 will will MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 19 help help VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 295 20 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 296 1 Already already RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 296 2 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 296 3 U.S.A. U.S.A. NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 296 4 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 296 5 stockpiling stockpile VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 296 6 smallpox smallpox NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 296 7 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 296 8 anthrax anthrax NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 296 9 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 296 10 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 296 11 large large JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 296 12 quantities quantity NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 296 13 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 1 One one CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 2 final final JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 3 point point NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 4 ; ; : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 5 most most JJS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 6 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 7 concerned concern VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 8 with with IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 9 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 10 versus versus IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 11 old old JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 12 pestilences pestilence NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 13 work work VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 14 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 15 epidemiologists epidemiologist NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 16 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 17 infectious infectious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 18 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 19 specialists specialist NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 20 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 21 hospital hospital NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 22 officials official NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 23 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 24 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 25 so so RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 26 forth forth RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 297 27 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 1 But but CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 2 public public JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 3 health health NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 4 work work NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 5 is be VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 6 broader broad JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 7 than than IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 8 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 9 study study NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 10 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 11 treatment treatment NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 12 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 13 infectious infectious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 14 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 15 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 16 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 17 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 18 study study NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 19 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 20 Global Global NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 21 Burden Burden NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 22 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 23 Disease Disease NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 24 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 25 sponsored sponsor VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 26 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 27 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 28 WHO WHO NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 29 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 30 World World NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 31 Bank Bank NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 32 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 33 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 34 Harvard Harvard NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 35 University University NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 36 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 37 based base VBN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 38 on on IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 39 measuring measure VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 40 DALYS DALYS NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 41 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 42 predicts predict VBZ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 43 that that IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 44 fewer few JJR cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 45 infectious infectious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 46 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 47 will will MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 48 be be VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 49 as as RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 50 important important JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 51 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 52 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 53 future future NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 54 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 55 they -PRON- PRP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 56 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 57 at at IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 58 present present JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 298 59 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 1 For for IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 2 example example NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 3 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 4 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 5 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 6 next next JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 7 two two CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 8 decades decade NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 9 will will MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 10 see see VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 11 dramatic dramatic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 12 changes change NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 13 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 14 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 15 health health NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 16 needs need NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 17 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 18 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 19 world world NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 20 ' ' '' cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 21 s s NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 22 populations population NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 23 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 24 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 25 non non JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 26 - - JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 27 communicable communicable JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 28 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 29 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 30 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 31 depression depression NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 32 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 33 heart heart NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 34 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 299 35 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 300 1 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 300 2 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 301 1 are be VBP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 301 2 replacing replace VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 301 3 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 301 4 traditional traditional JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 301 5 enemies enemy NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 301 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 301 7 such such JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 301 8 as as IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 301 9 infectious infectious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 301 10 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 301 11 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 301 12 malnutrition malnutrition NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 301 13 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 1 " " `` cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 2 Maybe maybe RB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 3 toxic toxic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 4 smog smog NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 5 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 6 non non JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 7 - - JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 8 communicable communicable JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 9 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 10 will will MD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 11 replace replace VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 12 pestilences pestilence NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 13 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 14 both both CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 15 old old JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 16 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 17 new new JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 302 18 ! ! . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 2 great great JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 3 influenza influenza NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 4 Control control NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 5 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 6 communicable communicable JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 7 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 8 manual manual JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 9 Exotic exotic JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 10 viral viral JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 11 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 12 Death death NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 13 by by IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 14 migration migration NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 15 Plague Plague NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 16 : : : cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 17 An an DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 18 ancient ancient JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 19 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 20 in in IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 21 the the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 22 twentieth twentieth JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 303 23 century century NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 304 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 304 2 rev rev VB cord-016826-oatjcmy0 304 3 Emerging Emerging NNP cord-016826-oatjcmy0 304 4 infections infection NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 304 5 Plagues plague NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 304 6 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 304 7 people people NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 305 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 305 2 global global JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 305 3 burden burden NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 305 4 of of IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 305 5 disease disease NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 1 The the DT cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 2 doctor doctor NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 3 's 's POS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 4 plague plague NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 5 Viruses virus NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 6 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 7 plagues plague NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 8 , , , cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 9 and and CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 10 history history NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 11 Emerging emerge VBG cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 12 infectious infectious JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 13 diseases disease NNS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 15 vol vol NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 306 16 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 307 1 1 1 LS cord-016826-oatjcmy0 307 2 - - SYM cord-016826-oatjcmy0 307 3 10 10 CD cord-016826-oatjcmy0 307 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-016826-oatjcmy0 307 5 . . . cord-016826-oatjcmy0 308 1 www.cdc.gov/eid www.cdc.gov/eid NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 308 2 or or CC cord-016826-oatjcmy0 308 3 hard hard JJ cord-016826-oatjcmy0 308 4 copy copy NN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 308 5 from from IN cord-016826-oatjcmy0 308 6 CDC CDC NNP