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Raible, Manuela; Votteler, Stefanie; Storr, Markus title: In vitro characterization of PrismaLung+: a novel ECCO(2)R device date: 2020-05-13 journal: Intensive Care Med Exp DOI: 10.1186/s40635-020-00301-7 sha: doc_id: 10772 cord_uid: e7kfe87q file: cache/cord-016815-pva22xy7.json key: cord-016815-pva22xy7 authors: Mannem, Hannah C.; Donahoe, Michael P. title: Transfusion and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Clinical Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes date: 2016-06-11 journal: Hematologic Abnormalities and Acute Lung Syndromes DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41912-1_11 sha: doc_id: 16815 cord_uid: pva22xy7 file: cache/cord-012354-2f5oq9e5.json key: cord-012354-2f5oq9e5 authors: Holtkötter, Hannah; Dias Filho, Claudemir Rodrigues; Schwender, Kristina; Stadler, Christian; Vennemann, Marielle; Pacheco, Ana Claudia; Roca, Gabriela title: Forensic differentiation between peripheral and menstrual blood in cases of alleged sexual assault—validating an immunochromatographic multiplex assay for simultaneous detection of human hemoglobin and D-dimer date: 2017-10-23 journal: Int J Legal Med DOI: 10.1007/s00414-017-1719-y sha: doc_id: 12354 cord_uid: 2f5oq9e5 file: cache/cord-018414-6ffhm895.json key: cord-018414-6ffhm895 authors: Kang, Yoogoo; 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Goyal, Alpesh; Gupta, Yashdeep; Tandon, Nikhil title: Basal-Bolus Insulin Regimen for Hospitalised Patients with COVID-19 and Diabetes Mellitus: A Practical Approach date: 2020-07-18 journal: Diabetes Ther DOI: 10.1007/s13300-020-00873-3 sha: doc_id: 310254 cord_uid: ko1sptzm file: cache/cord-345679-ydwcp75s.json key: cord-345679-ydwcp75s authors: Younas, Amber; Waheed, Samra; Khawaja, Shabnum; Imam, Mehjabeen; Borhany, Munira; Shamsi, Tahir title: SEROPREVALENCE OF SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODIES AMONG HEALTHY BLOOD DONORS IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN date: 2020-08-24 journal: Transfus Apher Sci DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.102923 sha: doc_id: 345679 cord_uid: ydwcp75s file: cache/cord-315077-i1xjcuae.json key: cord-315077-i1xjcuae authors: Branda, John A.; Lewandrowski, Kent title: Utilization management in microbiology date: 2014-01-01 journal: Clin Chim Acta DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.09.031 sha: doc_id: 315077 cord_uid: i1xjcuae file: cache/cord-315293-kng4z4kf.json key: cord-315293-kng4z4kf authors: Quesenberry, Katherine E.; de Matos, Ricardo title: Basic Approach to Veterinary Care of Ferrets date: 2020-05-29 journal: Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-48435-0.00002-2 sha: doc_id: 315293 cord_uid: kng4z4kf file: cache/cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.json key: cord-005646-xhx9pzhj authors: nan title: 2nd World Congress on Pediatric Intensive Care 1996 Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 23–26 June 1996 Abstracts of Oral Presentations, Posters and Nursing Programme date: 1996 journal: Intensive Care Med DOI: 10.1007/bf02316512 sha: doc_id: 5646 cord_uid: xhx9pzhj file: cache/cord-329176-av4qhu4f.json key: cord-329176-av4qhu4f authors: Liu, Nanyang; Zhang, Tingting; Ma, Lina; Wang, Huican; Li, Hao title: Association between ABO blood groups and risk of coronavirus disease 2019: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-08-14 journal: Medicine (Baltimore) DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021709 sha: doc_id: 329176 cord_uid: av4qhu4f file: cache/cord-317250-a5ni1s9e.json key: cord-317250-a5ni1s9e authors: Jackson, Ronald S. title: Wine, food, and health date: 2020-04-10 journal: Wine Science DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816118-0.00012-x sha: doc_id: 317250 cord_uid: a5ni1s9e file: cache/cord-284893-qi6dkcb3.json key: cord-284893-qi6dkcb3 authors: Wilson, Kumanan; Graham, Ian; Ricketts, Maura; Dornan, Christopher; Laupacis, Andreas; Hebert, Paul title: Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and the Canadian blood system after the tainted blood tragedy date: 2006-10-02 journal: Soc Sci Med DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.08.023 sha: doc_id: 284893 cord_uid: qi6dkcb3 file: cache/cord-299422-s5evsj96.json key: cord-299422-s5evsj96 authors: Abdollahi, Alireza; Mahmoudi-Aliabadi, Maedeh; Mehrtash, Vahid; Jafarzadeh, Bita; Salehi, Mohammadreza title: The Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Vulnerability Association with ABO/Rh Blood Types date: 2020-05-23 journal: Iran J Pathol DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2020.125135.2367 sha: doc_id: 299422 cord_uid: s5evsj96 file: cache/cord-312418-e4g5u1nz.json key: cord-312418-e4g5u1nz authors: Melillo, Alessandro title: Rabbit Clinical Pathology date: 2007-09-18 journal: J Exot Pet Med DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2007.06.002 sha: doc_id: 312418 cord_uid: e4g5u1nz file: cache/cord-306798-f28264k3.json key: cord-306798-f28264k3 authors: Walsh, Geraldine M.; Shih, Andrew W.; Solh, Ziad; Golder, Mia; Schubert, Peter; Fearon, Margaret; Sheffield, William P. title: Blood-Borne Pathogens: A Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation Symposium date: 2016-02-23 journal: Transfus Med Rev DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2016.02.003 sha: doc_id: 306798 cord_uid: f28264k3 file: cache/cord-318598-pzlf2zpc.json key: cord-318598-pzlf2zpc authors: Roberts, Brian K. title: Basic Shock Physiology and Critical Care date: 2016-04-28 journal: Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract DOI: 10.1016/j.cvex.2016.01.010 sha: doc_id: 318598 cord_uid: pzlf2zpc file: cache/cord-312580-r57rkrya.json key: cord-312580-r57rkrya authors: Harcourt-Brown, Frances title: Chapter 6 Clinical pathology date: 2002-12-31 journal: Textbook of Rabbit Medicine DOI: 10.1016/b978-075064002-2.50009-6 sha: doc_id: 312580 cord_uid: r57rkrya file: cache/cord-318792-psw8bs17.json key: cord-318792-psw8bs17 authors: Lee, Jaewon; Lee, Sang-Hoon title: Lab on a chip for in situ diagnosis: From blood to point of care date: 2013-08-01 journal: Biomed Eng Lett DOI: 10.1007/s13534-013-0094-y sha: doc_id: 318792 cord_uid: psw8bs17 file: cache/cord-347890-kx5vka0o.json key: cord-347890-kx5vka0o authors: Fan, Qian; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bo; Li, De-Jia; Zhang, Jian; Zhao, Fang title: Association Between ABO Blood Group System and COVID-19 Susceptibility in Wuhan date: 2020-07-21 journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00404 sha: doc_id: 347890 cord_uid: kx5vka0o file: cache/cord-344131-e7phs0jd.json key: cord-344131-e7phs0jd authors: Ford, Richard B.; Mazzaferro, Elisa M. title: Section 4 Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures date: 2012-12-31 journal: Kirk & Bistner's Handbook of Veterinary Procedures and Emergency Treatment DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-0798-4.00004-9 sha: doc_id: 344131 cord_uid: e7phs0jd file: cache/cord-327139-u5rzp2h4.json key: cord-327139-u5rzp2h4 authors: Barrett, Claire L. title: Primary healthcare practitioners and patient blood management in Africa in the time of coronavirus disease 2019: Safeguarding the blood supply date: 2020-05-21 journal: Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med DOI: 10.4102/phcfm.v12i1.2457 sha: doc_id: 327139 cord_uid: u5rzp2h4 file: cache/cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.json key: cord-015126-cyhcbk1j authors: nan title: PS 0036-0344 date: 2007-08-25 journal: Intensive Care Med DOI: 10.1007/s00134-007-0820-y sha: doc_id: 15126 cord_uid: cyhcbk1j file: cache/cord-350224-dt3li3bk.json key: cord-350224-dt3li3bk authors: Ye, Qingsong; Wang, Hua; Xia, Xia; Zhou, Chenliang; Liu, Zhiming; Xia, Zun-en; Zhang, Zhan; Zhao, Yang; Yehenala, Jun; Wang, Si; Zhou, Gangqiao; Hu, Ke; Wu, Bin; Wu, Chu-Tse; Wang, Songling; He, Yan title: Safety and efficacy assessment of allogeneic human dental pulp stem cells to treat patients with severe COVID-19: structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (Phase I / II) date: 2020-06-12 journal: Trials DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04380-5 sha: doc_id: 350224 cord_uid: dt3li3bk file: cache/cord-032181-gmcugd8h.json key: cord-032181-gmcugd8h authors: Song, Jian-Xin; Zhu, Lin; Zhu, Chuan-Long; Hu, Jin-Hua; Sun, Zi-Jian; Xu, Xiang; Xin, Min-You; Zhang, Qiong-Fang; Zhang, Da-Zhi; Shang, Jia; Huang, Jia-Quan; Xu, Dong title: Main Complications of AECHB and Severe Hepatitis B (Liver Failure) date: 2019-05-21 journal: Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Hepatitis B DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1603-9_2 sha: doc_id: 32181 cord_uid: gmcugd8h file: cache/cord-354640-5p79qpok.json key: cord-354640-5p79qpok authors: Taylor, Kirk A.; Machlus, Kellie R. title: Blood and Bone: The quarantine chronicles date: 2020-06-28 journal: Res Pract Thromb Haemost DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12394 sha: doc_id: 354640 cord_uid: 5p79qpok file: cache/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.json key: cord-006860-a3b8hyyr authors: nan title: 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) date: 1996 journal: Ann Hematol DOI: 10.1007/bf00641048 sha: doc_id: 6860 cord_uid: a3b8hyyr file: cache/cord-005497-w81ysjf9.json key: cord-005497-w81ysjf9 authors: nan title: 40th International Symposium on Intensive Care & Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 24-27 March 2020 date: 2020-03-24 journal: Crit Care DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-2772-3 sha: doc_id: 5497 cord_uid: w81ysjf9 file: cache/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.json key: cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 authors: nan title: MONDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 journal: Vox Sang DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00652.x sha: doc_id: 23346 cord_uid: 8sqbqjm1 file: cache/cord-023364-ut56gczm.json key: cord-023364-ut56gczm authors: nan title: EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS date: 2005-06-08 journal: Vox Sang DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00651.x sha: doc_id: 23364 cord_uid: ut56gczm file: cache/cord-026031-hnf5vayd.json key: cord-026031-hnf5vayd authors: Ford, Richard B.; Mazzaferro, Elisa M. title: Emergency Care date: 2009-05-21 journal: Kirk and Bistner's Handbook of Veterinary Procedures and Emergency Treatment DOI: 10.1016/b0-72-160138-3/50002-3 sha: doc_id: 26031 cord_uid: hnf5vayd file: cache/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.json key: cord-023354-f2ciho6o authors: nan title: TUESDAY PLENARY SESSION 3 TUESDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 journal: Vox Sang DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00654.x sha: doc_id: 23354 cord_uid: f2ciho6o file: cache/cord-023095-4dannjjm.json key: cord-023095-4dannjjm authors: nan title: Research Abstract Program of the 2011 ACVIM Forum Denver, Colorado, June 15–18, 2011 date: 2011-05-03 journal: J Vet Intern Med DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.0726.x sha: doc_id: 23095 cord_uid: 4dannjjm file: cache/cord-015021-pol2qm74.json key: cord-015021-pol2qm74 authors: nan title: Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches date: 1994 journal: Intensive Care Med DOI: 10.1007/bf02258437 sha: doc_id: 15021 cord_uid: pol2qm74 file: cache/cord-005814-ak5pq312.json key: cord-005814-ak5pq312 authors: nan title: 8th European Congress of Intensive Care Medicine Athens - Greece, October 18–22, 1995 Abstracts date: 1995 journal: Intensive Care Med DOI: 10.1007/bf02426401 sha: doc_id: 5814 cord_uid: ak5pq312 file: cache/cord-010092-uftc8inx.json key: cord-010092-uftc8inx authors: nan title: Abstract of 29th Regional Congress of the ISBT date: 2019-06-07 journal: Vox Sang DOI: 10.1111/vox.12792 sha: doc_id: 10092 cord_uid: uftc8inx file: cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.json key: cord-010119-t1x9gknd authors: nan title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date: 2017-09-04 journal: Transfusion DOI: 10.1111/trf.14286 sha: doc_id: 10119 cord_uid: t1x9gknd Reading metadata file and updating bibliogrpahics === updating bibliographic database Building study carrel named keyword-blood-cord === file2bib.sh === id: cord-026559-xx52u01h author: Tripathi, Siddhartha title: Blood Plasma Microfluidic Device: Aiming for the Detection of COVID-19 Antibodies Using an On-Chip ELISA Platform date: 2020-06-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-026559-xx52u01h.txt cache: ./cache/cord-026559-xx52u01h.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-026559-xx52u01h.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-327139-u5rzp2h4 author: Barrett, Claire L. title: Primary healthcare practitioners and patient blood management in Africa in the time of coronavirus disease 2019: Safeguarding the blood supply date: 2020-05-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-327139-u5rzp2h4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-327139-u5rzp2h4.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-327139-u5rzp2h4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-329176-av4qhu4f author: Liu, Nanyang title: Association between ABO blood groups and risk of coronavirus disease 2019: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-08-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-329176-av4qhu4f.txt cache: ./cache/cord-329176-av4qhu4f.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-329176-av4qhu4f.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-349803-tsjgypy5 author: Rouka, Erasmia title: The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the adequacy of blood supply: Specialists in Transfusion Medicine need to establish models of preparedness date: 2020-09-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-349803-tsjgypy5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-349803-tsjgypy5.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-349803-tsjgypy5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-252273-mykwzlsu author: Politis, Constantina title: Post-donation information and haemovigilance reporting for COVID-19 in Greece: information supporting the absence of SARS-CoV-2 possible transmission through blood components date: 2020-10-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-252273-mykwzlsu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-252273-mykwzlsu.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-252273-mykwzlsu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-308614-gsgntf4c author: Eshar, David title: Venipuncture in bats date: 2010 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-308614-gsgntf4c.txt cache: ./cache/cord-308614-gsgntf4c.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-308614-gsgntf4c.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-278032-27ikx97x author: GÖKER, Hakan title: The effects of blood group types on the risk of COVID-19 infection and its clinical outcome date: 2020-06-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-278032-27ikx97x.txt cache: ./cache/cord-278032-27ikx97x.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-278032-27ikx97x.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-281003-7pdhxdzc author: Farmakis, Dimitrios title: COVID‐19 and thalassaemia: A position statement of the Thalassaemia International Federation date: 2020-07-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-281003-7pdhxdzc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-281003-7pdhxdzc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-281003-7pdhxdzc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-299422-s5evsj96 author: Abdollahi, Alireza title: The Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Vulnerability Association with ABO/Rh Blood Types date: 2020-05-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-299422-s5evsj96.txt cache: ./cache/cord-299422-s5evsj96.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-299422-s5evsj96.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-271485-a1633xxe author: Leaf, Rebecca Karp title: ABO Phenotype and Death in Critically Ill Patients with COVID‐19 date: 2020-07-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-271485-a1633xxe.txt cache: ./cache/cord-271485-a1633xxe.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-271485-a1633xxe.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-280379-1o9tzwjg author: Touyz, Louis Z. G. title: Liquorice Health Check, Oro-Dental Implications, and a Case Report date: 2009-07-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-280379-1o9tzwjg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-280379-1o9tzwjg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-280379-1o9tzwjg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-345679-ydwcp75s author: Younas, Amber title: SEROPREVALENCE OF SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODIES AMONG HEALTHY BLOOD DONORS IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN date: 2020-08-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-345679-ydwcp75s.txt cache: ./cache/cord-345679-ydwcp75s.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-345679-ydwcp75s.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-354640-5p79qpok author: Taylor, Kirk A. title: Blood and Bone: The quarantine chronicles date: 2020-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-354640-5p79qpok.txt cache: ./cache/cord-354640-5p79qpok.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-354640-5p79qpok.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-347890-kx5vka0o author: Fan, Qian title: Association Between ABO Blood Group System and COVID-19 Susceptibility in Wuhan date: 2020-07-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-347890-kx5vka0o.txt cache: ./cache/cord-347890-kx5vka0o.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-347890-kx5vka0o.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-012354-2f5oq9e5 author: Holtkötter, Hannah title: Forensic differentiation between peripheral and menstrual blood in cases of alleged sexual assault—validating an immunochromatographic multiplex assay for simultaneous detection of human hemoglobin and D-dimer date: 2017-10-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-012354-2f5oq9e5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-012354-2f5oq9e5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-012354-2f5oq9e5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-281990-x5nql0cw author: Liu, Y. title: Association between epidemic dynamics of Covid-19 infection and ABO blood group types date: 2020-07-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-281990-x5nql0cw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-281990-x5nql0cw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-281990-x5nql0cw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-335733-u1g03s2y author: Lakshmanan, Hari Hara Sudhan title: Design of a Microfluidic Bleeding Chip to Evaluate Antithrombotic Agents for Use in COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-08-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-335733-u1g03s2y.txt cache: ./cache/cord-335733-u1g03s2y.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-335733-u1g03s2y.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-317383-uqg0xwdw author: Weiskopf, Richard B. title: The Need for an Artificial Oxygen Carrier for Disasters and Pandemics, Including COVID‐19 date: 2020-09-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-317383-uqg0xwdw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-317383-uqg0xwdw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-317383-uqg0xwdw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-306881-wrd2rhjz author: Gehrie, Eric title: Transfusion Service Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-06-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-306881-wrd2rhjz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-306881-wrd2rhjz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-306881-wrd2rhjz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318598-pzlf2zpc author: Roberts, Brian K. title: Basic Shock Physiology and Critical Care date: 2016-04-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318598-pzlf2zpc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318598-pzlf2zpc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-318598-pzlf2zpc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-350224-dt3li3bk author: Ye, Qingsong title: Safety and efficacy assessment of allogeneic human dental pulp stem cells to treat patients with severe COVID-19: structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (Phase I / II) date: 2020-06-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-350224-dt3li3bk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-350224-dt3li3bk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-350224-dt3li3bk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-323906-ro078y52 author: Sardu, Celestino title: Implications of AB0 blood group in hypertensive patients with covid-19 date: 2020-08-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-323906-ro078y52.txt cache: ./cache/cord-323906-ro078y52.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-323906-ro078y52.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-003974-cr6omr9l author: Rutter, Sara title: How do we … integrate pathogen reduced platelets into our hospital blood bank inventory? date: 2019-03-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-003974-cr6omr9l.txt cache: ./cache/cord-003974-cr6omr9l.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-003974-cr6omr9l.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-278174-znc99yos author: Ramsey, Glenn title: Managing recalls and withdrawals of blood components date: 2004-01-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-278174-znc99yos.txt cache: ./cache/cord-278174-znc99yos.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-278174-znc99yos.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010772-e7kfe87q author: Hospach, Ingeborg title: In vitro characterization of PrismaLung+: a novel ECCO(2)R device date: 2020-05-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010772-e7kfe87q.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010772-e7kfe87q.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-010772-e7kfe87q.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-304437-ezqghyid author: Palmieri, Tina L. title: Children are not little adults: blood transfusion in children with burn injury date: 2017-08-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-304437-ezqghyid.txt cache: ./cache/cord-304437-ezqghyid.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-304437-ezqghyid.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-294241-11abmmyl author: Jersild, C. title: Blood Transfusion Services date: 2008-08-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-294241-11abmmyl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-294241-11abmmyl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-294241-11abmmyl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-277535-u283k70i author: Vaja, Rakesh title: Drugs and the liver date: 2020-09-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-277535-u283k70i.txt cache: ./cache/cord-277535-u283k70i.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-277535-u283k70i.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-016815-pva22xy7 author: Mannem, Hannah C. title: Transfusion and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Clinical Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes date: 2016-06-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-016815-pva22xy7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-016815-pva22xy7.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-016815-pva22xy7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-294585-dl5v9p50 author: Klein, H. G. title: Pathogen‐reduction methods: advantages and limits date: 2009-02-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-294585-dl5v9p50.txt cache: ./cache/cord-294585-dl5v9p50.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-294585-dl5v9p50.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-027659-rxbo7b0e author: Bates, Imelda title: Blood Transfusion date: 2020-06-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-027659-rxbo7b0e.txt cache: ./cache/cord-027659-rxbo7b0e.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-027659-rxbo7b0e.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-274061-ynqxgyw6 author: Epstein, Jay S. title: Blood system changes since recognition of transfusion‐associated AIDS date: 2013-10-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-274061-ynqxgyw6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-274061-ynqxgyw6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-274061-ynqxgyw6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-102668-1yc38ok1 author: Siddiqui, Shoib S. title: Acidosis, Zinc and HMGB1 in Sepsis: A Common Connection Involving Sialoglycan Recognition date: 2020-07-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-102668-1yc38ok1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-102668-1yc38ok1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-102668-1yc38ok1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-269839-jxqs51o5 author: Bitome-Essono, Paul-Yannick title: Tracking zoonotic pathogens using blood-sucking flies as 'flying syringes' date: 2017-03-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-269839-jxqs51o5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-269839-jxqs51o5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-269839-jxqs51o5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-315077-i1xjcuae author: Branda, John A. title: Utilization management in microbiology date: 2014-01-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-315077-i1xjcuae.txt cache: ./cache/cord-315077-i1xjcuae.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-315077-i1xjcuae.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-291644-5y0ioety author: Akiyama, Tomohiro title: The Natural-Mineral-Based Novel Nanomaterial IFMC Increases Intravascular Nitric Oxide without Its Intake: Implications for COVID-19 and beyond date: 2020-08-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-291644-5y0ioety.txt cache: ./cache/cord-291644-5y0ioety.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-291644-5y0ioety.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-310254-ko1sptzm author: Attri, Bhawna title: Basal-Bolus Insulin Regimen for Hospitalised Patients with COVID-19 and Diabetes Mellitus: A Practical Approach date: 2020-07-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-310254-ko1sptzm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-310254-ko1sptzm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-310254-ko1sptzm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-018809-3nrvm4jt author: McMullin, N. R. title: Hemostatic Resuscitation date: 2006 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-018809-3nrvm4jt.txt cache: ./cache/cord-018809-3nrvm4jt.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-018809-3nrvm4jt.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318792-psw8bs17 author: Lee, Jaewon title: Lab on a chip for in situ diagnosis: From blood to point of care date: 2013-08-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318792-psw8bs17.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318792-psw8bs17.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-318792-psw8bs17.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-302690-0v7ne7vi author: Chow, Clara K. title: Ultra-low-dose quadruple combination blood pressure lowering therapy in patients with hypertension: The QUARTET randomized controlled trial protocol() date: 2020-10-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-302690-0v7ne7vi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-302690-0v7ne7vi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-302690-0v7ne7vi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-294684-wfsdjs1f author: Vesnaver, Elisabeth title: Barriers and enablers to source plasma donation by gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men under revised eligibility criteria: protocol for a multiple stakeholder feasibility study date: 2020-11-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-294684-wfsdjs1f.txt cache: ./cache/cord-294684-wfsdjs1f.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-294684-wfsdjs1f.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-016248-dxk0i6t7 author: Papa, Joey C. title: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation date: 2009 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-016248-dxk0i6t7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-016248-dxk0i6t7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-016248-dxk0i6t7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-017946-fa4ehlb0 author: Lawless, Ryan A. title: Adjuncts to Resuscitation date: 2018-05-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-017946-fa4ehlb0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-017946-fa4ehlb0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-017946-fa4ehlb0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-312418-e4g5u1nz author: Melillo, Alessandro title: Rabbit Clinical Pathology date: 2007-09-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-312418-e4g5u1nz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-312418-e4g5u1nz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-312418-e4g5u1nz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-280480-djv7pc3m author: Jägers, Johannes title: Perfluorocarbon-based oxygen carriers: from physics to physiology date: 2020-11-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-280480-djv7pc3m.txt cache: ./cache/cord-280480-djv7pc3m.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-280480-djv7pc3m.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015941-4fz79wzf author: Hu, Yuan title: Molecular Techniques for Blood and Blood Product Screening date: 2018-11-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015941-4fz79wzf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015941-4fz79wzf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-015941-4fz79wzf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-273388-615acz0l author: He, Miao title: The Impact of Emerging Infectious Diseases on Chinese Blood Safety() date: 2016-11-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-273388-615acz0l.txt cache: ./cache/cord-273388-615acz0l.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-273388-615acz0l.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-261788-f728j3bb author: Sabater González, Mikel title: Emergencies and Critical Care of Commonly Kept Fowl date: 2016-03-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-261788-f728j3bb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-261788-f728j3bb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-261788-f728j3bb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-217663-3g2j9tnk author: Li, Na title: A decision integration strategy for short-term demand forecasting and ordering for red blood cell components date: 2020-08-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-217663-3g2j9tnk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-217663-3g2j9tnk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-217663-3g2j9tnk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-017948-fqhl1qb4 author: Hu, Yuan title: Molecular Techniques for Blood and Blood Product Screening date: 2012-04-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-017948-fqhl1qb4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-017948-fqhl1qb4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-017948-fqhl1qb4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-284893-qi6dkcb3 author: Wilson, Kumanan title: Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and the Canadian blood system after the tainted blood tragedy date: 2006-10-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-284893-qi6dkcb3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-284893-qi6dkcb3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-284893-qi6dkcb3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-331289-02411gfv author: Di Minno, Giovanni title: Current concepts in the prevention of pathogen transmission via blood/plasma-derived products for bleeding disorders() date: 2015-07-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-331289-02411gfv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-331289-02411gfv.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-331289-02411gfv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-315293-kng4z4kf author: Quesenberry, Katherine E. title: Basic Approach to Veterinary Care of Ferrets date: 2020-05-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-315293-kng4z4kf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-315293-kng4z4kf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-315293-kng4z4kf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006039-vbq9izw3 author: Coban, Cevayir title: Tissue-specific immunopathology during malaria infection date: 2018-01-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006039-vbq9izw3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006039-vbq9izw3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-006039-vbq9izw3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-016871-1mlamf20 author: Streiff, Agathe title: Hemorrhage and Transfusions in the Surgical Patient date: 2012-10-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-016871-1mlamf20.txt cache: ./cache/cord-016871-1mlamf20.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-016871-1mlamf20.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022474-xxy83c6u author: Tenorio, Grace C. title: Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology date: 2007 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022474-xxy83c6u.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022474-xxy83c6u.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-022474-xxy83c6u.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022035-annn4qn1 author: Menitove, Jay E. title: Other Viral, Bacterial, Parasitic and Prion-Based Infectious Complications date: 2009-05-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022035-annn4qn1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022035-annn4qn1.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-022035-annn4qn1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-306798-f28264k3 author: Walsh, Geraldine M. title: Blood-Borne Pathogens: A Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation Symposium date: 2016-02-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-306798-f28264k3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-306798-f28264k3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-306798-f28264k3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-026021-b8vtmr9h author: Hohenhaus, Ann E. title: Blood Transfusion and Blood Substitutes date: 2011-06-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-026021-b8vtmr9h.txt cache: ./cache/cord-026021-b8vtmr9h.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-026021-b8vtmr9h.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-312580-r57rkrya author: Harcourt-Brown, Frances title: Chapter 6 Clinical pathology date: 2002-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-312580-r57rkrya.txt cache: ./cache/cord-312580-r57rkrya.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-312580-r57rkrya.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-004133-32w6g7qk author: Walker, Faye M. title: Advances in Directly Amplifying Nucleic Acids from Complex Samples date: 2019-09-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-004133-32w6g7qk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-004133-32w6g7qk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-004133-32w6g7qk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-339705-x8l3zgfd author: Patil, Vijaykumar title: An association between fingerprint patterns with blood group and lifestyle based diseases: a review date: 2020-08-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-339705-x8l3zgfd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-339705-x8l3zgfd.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-339705-x8l3zgfd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-009417-458rrhcm author: Luce, Judith A. title: Use of Blood Components in the Intensive Care Unit date: 2009-05-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-009417-458rrhcm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-009417-458rrhcm.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-009417-458rrhcm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-018414-6ffhm895 author: Kang, Yoogoo title: Anesthesia Management of Liver Transplantation date: 2016-07-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-018414-6ffhm895.txt cache: ./cache/cord-018414-6ffhm895.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-018414-6ffhm895.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-317250-a5ni1s9e author: Jackson, Ronald S. title: Wine, food, and health date: 2020-04-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-317250-a5ni1s9e.txt cache: ./cache/cord-317250-a5ni1s9e.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-317250-a5ni1s9e.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006226-fn7zlutj author: nan title: Abstracts of the 4th annual meeting of the German Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy: Hannover, 14–17 September 1994 date: 1994 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023168-cd7adns8 author: Thachil, Jecko title: Haematological Diseases in the Tropics date: 2013-10-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023168-cd7adns8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023168-cd7adns8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023168-cd7adns8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006391-esnsa4u5 author: nan title: Abstracts 5(th) Tripartite Meeting Salzburg/Austria, September 9–11,1982 date: 1982 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344131-e7phs0jd author: Ford, Richard B. title: Section 4 Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures date: 2012-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344131-e7phs0jd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344131-e7phs0jd.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-344131-e7phs0jd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010088-s9tfvtao author: nan title: Oral Abstracts date: 2013-11-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010088-s9tfvtao.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010088-s9tfvtao.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-010088-s9tfvtao.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023528-z9rc0ubj author: Wilkins, Pamela A. title: Disorders of Foals date: 2009-05-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023528-z9rc0ubj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023528-z9rc0ubj.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-023528-z9rc0ubj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-032181-gmcugd8h author: Song, Jian-Xin title: Main Complications of AECHB and Severe Hepatitis B (Liver Failure) date: 2019-05-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-032181-gmcugd8h.txt cache: ./cache/cord-032181-gmcugd8h.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-032181-gmcugd8h.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022561-rv5j1201 author: Boes, Katie M. title: Bone Marrow, Blood Cells, and the Lymphoid/Lymphatic System date: 2017-02-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022561-rv5j1201.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022561-rv5j1201.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-022561-rv5j1201.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015126-cyhcbk1j author: nan title: PS 0036-0344 date: 2007-08-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-017248-a37t31u1 author: nan title: Alphabetic Listing of Diseases and Conditions date: 2010-05-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005646-xhx9pzhj author: nan title: 2nd World Congress on Pediatric Intensive Care 1996 Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 23–26 June 1996 Abstracts of Oral Presentations, Posters and Nursing Programme date: 1996 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006860-a3b8hyyr author: nan title: 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) date: 1996 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005497-w81ysjf9 author: nan title: 40th International Symposium on Intensive Care & Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 24-27 March 2020 date: 2020-03-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 16 resourceName b'cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-026031-hnf5vayd author: Ford, Richard B. title: Emergency Care date: 2009-05-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-026031-hnf5vayd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-026031-hnf5vayd.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-026031-hnf5vayd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 author: nan title: MONDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 11 resourceName b'cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023354-f2ciho6o author: nan title: TUESDAY PLENARY SESSION 3 TUESDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 11 resourceName b'cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023364-ut56gczm author: nan title: EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS date: 2005-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023095-4dannjjm author: nan title: Research Abstract Program of the 2011 ACVIM Forum Denver, Colorado, June 15–18, 2011 date: 2011-05-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015021-pol2qm74 author: nan title: Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches date: 1994 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 20 resourceName b'cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005814-ak5pq312 author: nan title: 8th European Congress of Intensive Care Medicine Athens - Greece, October 18–22, 1995 Abstracts date: 1995 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 12 resourceName b'cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010092-uftc8inx author: nan title: Abstract of 29th Regional Congress of the ISBT date: 2019-06-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 17 resourceName b'cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010119-t1x9gknd author: nan title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date: 2017-09-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 11 resourceName b'cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt' Que is empty; done keyword-blood-cord === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023354-f2ciho6o author = nan title = TUESDAY PLENARY SESSION 3 TUESDAY: POSTERS date = 2005-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 130046 sentences = 7333 flesch = 54 summary = • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an 'error-free pathway'; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody 'combi' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union's in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. cache = ./cache/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-016248-dxk0i6t7 author = Papa, Joey C. title = Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation date = 2009 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6907 sentences = 357 flesch = 49 summary = Indications for support in patients with cardiac pathology are based on clinical signs of decreased peripheral perfusion, including hypotension, despite the administration of fl uid resuscitation and inotropes, oliguria (urine output < 0.5 ml/kg/h), an elevated arterial lactate, and a decreased SvO 2 . The advantages of VV and DLVV over VA ECMO include avoidance of arterial cannulation and permanent ligation of the carotid artery, maintaining pulsatile fl ow to the patient, continued blood fl ow to the lungs, and avoiding arterial emboli. Weaning and Decannulation: As the patient's underlying process improves, less blood fl ow is required to pass through the ECMO circuit in order to maintain adequate tissue oxygenation. According to the 2005 ELSO registry, 13.2% of neonates and 43% of pediatric patients treated with ECMO for respiratory failure required the use of inotropes while on bypass. The incidence of acute renal failure was 10% in neonates and 14% in pediatric patients on ECMO for respiratory support, with 10-15% requiring hemofi ltration or dialysis. cache = ./cache/cord-016248-dxk0i6t7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-016248-dxk0i6t7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-327139-u5rzp2h4 author = Barrett, Claire L. title = Primary healthcare practitioners and patient blood management in Africa in the time of coronavirus disease 2019: Safeguarding the blood supply date = 2020-05-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1692 sentences = 106 flesch = 56 summary = title: Primary healthcare practitioners and patient blood management in Africa in the time of coronavirus disease 2019: Safeguarding the blood supply Whilst commendable work has been performed in health disaster risk management in Africa, 2 and recommendations made on how to maintain the blood supply during infectious outbreaks and the COVID-19 pandemic, 3, 4 no recommendation can entirely safeguard the blood supply. By implementing principles of patient blood management, primary healthcare practitioners may play an important role in the resilience of the blood supply during the COVID-19 pandemic. By implementing principles of patient blood management, primary healthcare practitioners may play an important role in the resilience of the blood supply during the COVID-19 pandemic. If these principles are applied to all patients who receive primary healthcare during the pandemic, the blood supply may be safeguarded for those who need it most. cache = ./cache/cord-327139-u5rzp2h4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-327139-u5rzp2h4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010772-e7kfe87q author = Hospach, Ingeborg title = In vitro characterization of PrismaLung+: a novel ECCO(2)R device date = 2020-05-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6171 sentences = 262 flesch = 50 summary = Advances in extracorporeal CO(2) removal (ECCO(2)R) technologies may facilitate more protective lung ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome, and enable earlier weaning and/or avoid invasive mechanical ventilation entirely in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. As the volume flow of gases, i.e., the CO 2 removal rate, is temperature-and pressure-dependent, data were calculated at standard reference conditions, 0°C and 25°C (STP as defined by IUPAC), in addition to the physiological conditions, 37°C, for the PrismaLung+ device at a p in CO2 of 45 mmHg and Q B range of 200-450 mL/min (Fig. 3a) . In our in vitro study, pressure drop values across the three devices were relatively low, with levels of up to 25 mmHg with PrismaLung+ (surface area 0.8 m 2 ) at a blood flow rate of 450 mL/min. cache = ./cache/cord-010772-e7kfe87q.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010772-e7kfe87q.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-335733-u1g03s2y author = Lakshmanan, Hari Hara Sudhan title = Design of a Microfluidic Bleeding Chip to Evaluate Antithrombotic Agents for Use in COVID-19 Patients date = 2020-08-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3488 sentences = 191 flesch = 43 summary = Since limited in vitro methods exist for assessing the effects of anticoagulants on hemostasis, the development of novel therapies to safely prevent thrombosis in COVID-19 patients relies on preclinical animal models and early phase human trials. METHODS: The design of the microfluidic device consists of two orthogonal channels: an inlet that serves as a model blood vessel, and a bleeding channel to model hemostatic plug formation at sites of compromised endothelial barrier function. RESULTS: Perfusion of human whole blood through the microfluidic bleeding chip led to initial platelet adhesion and aggregation at the pillars followed by hemostatic plug formation and occlusion of the bleeding channel. While the most clinically relevant conclusions regarding the safety of anticoagulants will ultimately be learned through clinical trials, in vitro models hold potential usefulness in revealing early safety and efficacy signals to guide future anticoagulant development of agents to prevent thrombosis in COV-ID-19 patients without compromising hemostasis. cache = ./cache/cord-335733-u1g03s2y.txt txt = ./txt/cord-335733-u1g03s2y.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010119-t1x9gknd author = nan title = Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date = 2017-09-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 230193 sentences = 13234 flesch = 55 summary = Conclusion: The wide distribution in the concentration of bioactive lipids among 405 stored RBC units suggests that lipid degradation is highly donor-Background/Case Studies: To ensure availability of biological products to hospitals, blood banks have developed and validated multiple storage conditions for each of their products to maximize shelf life and quality. 1 The Department of Blood Transfusion, The PLA General Hospital, 2 The Department of Blood Transfusion, Air Force General Hospital, PLA Background/Case Studies: Recently, multi researches have reported that longer term-stored red blood cells(RBCs) units were associated with increased risks of clinically adverse events, especially in critically ill patients. Weak D types 1, 2 and 3 express all the major RhD epitopes and these patients can be managed as RhD-positive, which may lead to a reduction in unnecessary Rh immunoglobulin (RhIG) administration and conservation of RhD-negative RBCs. Study Design/Method: RHD genotyping was performed on all patient samples with weaker than expected or discrepant RhD typing results, utilizing a commercially available genotyping kit manufactured by Immucor (RHD BeadChip). cache = ./cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-347890-kx5vka0o author = Fan, Qian title = Association Between ABO Blood Group System and COVID-19 Susceptibility in Wuhan date = 2020-07-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3775 sentences = 201 flesch = 53 summary = Hence, we performed a case-control study to explore the relationship between the ABO blood group and COVID-19 in Wuhan and further classified the populations according to gender. As shown in Table 2 , we performed a combined association analysis between ABO blood group and COVID-19, which showed a statistically significant difference in COVID-19 infection among those with blood type A (P = 0.04, OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.02-1.73) but not blood types B, AB or O (P = 0.48, OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.66-1.23; P=0.61, OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.53-1.46; and P = 0.23, OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.58-1.15, respectively). In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the contribution of the ABO blood group to COVID-19 susceptibility in Wuhan by employing a case-control association analysis. cache = ./cache/cord-347890-kx5vka0o.txt txt = ./txt/cord-347890-kx5vka0o.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-317383-uqg0xwdw author = Weiskopf, Richard B. title = The Need for an Artificial Oxygen Carrier for Disasters and Pandemics, Including COVID‐19 date = 2020-09-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3201 sentences = 201 flesch = 53 summary = There are extensive, largely efficient, blood collection and banking systems in developed countries that ordinarily provide stored red cells (at 2-6 C) for these functions, despite relatively brief periods of local or national shortages. 11 b The nuclear disaster at Chernobyl [15] [16] [17] [18] was an operator-and design caused steam explosion followed by a fire and a nine-to-ten day release of a substantial quantity of radioactive material with resultant many long-term medical issues including bone marrow suppression, but with relatively lesser immediate transfusion need, with two deaths in the first 5 hours, and apparently 31 in the first three days, predominantly from burns. Dried plasma is produced in Germany, France, and South Africa, with limited availability of these products outside these countries; a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC) is approved for use in South Africa and Russia. cache = ./cache/cord-317383-uqg0xwdw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-317383-uqg0xwdw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-315293-kng4z4kf author = Quesenberry, Katherine E. title = Basic Approach to Veterinary Care of Ferrets date = 2020-05-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9032 sentences = 530 flesch = 51 summary = Most ferrets become relaxed with this hold, and the veterinarian can examine the oral cavity, head, and body; palpate the abdomen; vaccinate; and clean the ears. In a safety and efficacy study, Galaxy D proved effective in preventing canine distemper in young ferrets challenged after serial vaccination. Recombitek CDV (Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health) is also a recombinant canarypox vaccine approved for use in dogs that has been used in ferrets. 14 Two inactivated (killed) rabies vaccines are approved for use in ferrets in the United States: Imrab-3 or Imrab-3 TF (Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health) and Defensor 1 or Defensor 3 (Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ). In another study of 143 ferrets, the incidence of adverse events after administering either canine distemper (5.9%) (Fervac D), rabies (5.6%) (Imrab-3), or both vaccines (5.6%) did not differ significantly between groups. Intraosseous blood transfusions can be given to ferrets if an intravenous catheter cannot be placed. cache = ./cache/cord-315293-kng4z4kf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-315293-kng4z4kf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-026559-xx52u01h author = Tripathi, Siddhartha title = Blood Plasma Microfluidic Device: Aiming for the Detection of COVID-19 Antibodies Using an On-Chip ELISA Platform date = 2020-06-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2010 sentences = 125 flesch = 52 summary = title: Blood Plasma Microfluidic Device: Aiming for the Detection of COVID-19 Antibodies Using an On-Chip ELISA Platform We propose to first separate plasma from whole human blood using a microfluidic device and subsequently perform the detection of antibodies in the separated plasma using a semi-automated on-chip ELISA. The reported plasma separation microdevice is not only an alternate to the centrifuge, but it can also be easily integrated with a biosensing platform/detection technology (for example, ELISA) and result in a point-of-care device. (2020) have reported successful detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus with high sensitivity in swab specimens Fig. 1 a Blood plasma microdevice design and zoomed view at the junction. Herein, we propose the integration of sandwich ELISA (enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay) with the blood plasma separation microdevice to detect COVID-19 antibodies after minor modifications in the design. b Experi-mental sandwich ELISA: showing steps to identify the presence of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) antibodies present in blood plasma separated and flows towards the plasma outlet reservoir. cache = ./cache/cord-026559-xx52u01h.txt txt = ./txt/cord-026559-xx52u01h.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-306798-f28264k3 author = Walsh, Geraldine M. title = Blood-Borne Pathogens: A Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation Symposium date = 2016-02-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 15308 sentences = 723 flesch = 45 summary = Transfusion services can employ indirect measures such as surveillance, hemovigilance, and donor questioning (defense), protein-, or nucleic acid based direct testing (detection), or pathogen inactivation of blood products (destruction) as strategies to mitigate the risk of transmission-transmitted infection. Cost concerns make it likely that pathogen inactivation will be contemplated by blood operators through the lens of health economics and risk-based decision making, rather than in zero-risk paradigms previously embraced for transfusable products. Dr Margaret Fearon, CBS Medical Director, Medical Microbiology, and Assistant Professor, University of Toronto, discussed the current prevalence of classical transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) in CBS blood donors, new and emerging infectious diseases, how CBS prepares for and manages new risks, and also addressed new paradigms for risk management. Other transfusion-transmissible diseases are currently being monitored as potential emerging threats to the safety of the blood supply, including babesiosis, hepatitis E, CHIKV, and dengue virus. cache = ./cache/cord-306798-f28264k3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-306798-f28264k3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006391-esnsa4u5 author = nan title = Abstracts 5(th) Tripartite Meeting Salzburg/Austria, September 9–11,1982 date = 1982 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 44844 sentences = 2433 flesch = 50 summary = In our parallel tests using an excision-sample technique [2] which is considerably more sensitive than the DGHM procedure, we have observed the following mean reductions in the counts of accessible bacteria: iodine in ethanol, 96%; povidone-iodine, 89%; chlorhexidine in ethanol, 88%; iso-propanol, The purpose of this study was to compare radiation injury in Guinea Pig small bowel (1) devoid of contents (2) containing bile (3) containing pancreatic juice. Studies in vitro employing isolated perfused rat pancreas and stomach revealed following results: Mean basal pancreatic somatostatin release in normal, diabetic and transplanted rats were 12___3, 24-t-7, and 17__+4 pg/ml, respectively. As these changes appear closely correlated to the blood glucose levels which show a 30 % decrease at 4 h and progressive restoration towards normal values up to 24 h, attempts have been made to alter the insulin/glucagon ratio by glucose infusion after PH and study its relation to liver regeneration. cache = ./cache/cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006860-a3b8hyyr author = nan title = 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) date = 1996 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 90660 sentences = 5152 flesch = 50 summary = Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Kiel and Mtinster, Germany Resistance to activated protein C (APCR), in the majority of cases associated with the Arg 506 Gin point mutation in the factor V gene is present in more than 50 % of patients < 60 years of age with unexplained thrombophilia. The regular APC resistance test is not applicable to plasma from Orally anticoagulated (OAC) or heparinized patients due to decreased levels of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors and to thrombin inhibition by antithrombin, respectively. On admission an extensive coagulation screen yielded the following results (n/normal, t/elevated, I/reduced, +/positive, -/negative): PT t, aPTT t, Tr n, factor II, V, VIII n, factor VII, IX, XI, XII /,, fibrinogan t, ATIII n, protein C, S *, activated protein C sensitivity ratio 1.92 ($), FV-Leidenmutation PCR -, fibrinolytic system n, TAT t, Ft÷2 t, lupus anticoagulant +, heparin induced platelet antibodies +; no diagnosis of a specific autoimmuna disorder could be made. cache = ./cache/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015941-4fz79wzf author = Hu, Yuan title = Molecular Techniques for Blood and Blood Product Screening date = 2018-11-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7210 sentences = 381 flesch = 50 summary = Through the application of molecular biology, biological and biochemical analyses have been revolutionized, and nucleic acid, gene-based techniques have been developed to screen blood and plasma donations for evidence of very recent and earlier viral infections that might otherwise be missed by conventional serologic testing. Because NAT detects a virus's genetic material instead of waiting for the body's response, the formation of antibodies, as with many current tests, it offers the opportunity to reduce the window period during which an infecting agent is undetectable by traditional tests [21] , thus further improving blood safety. One reason for this is that currently available blood screening technologies detect core antibodies or surface antigens, which appear up to 8 weeks after infection. The anti-HBc test developed in 1987 detects an antibody to the hepatitis B virus that is produced during and after infection. Detection of HIV-1 and HCV infections among antibody-negative blood donors by nucleic acid-amplification testing cache = ./cache/cord-015941-4fz79wzf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015941-4fz79wzf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-274061-ynqxgyw6 author = Epstein, Jay S. title = Blood system changes since recognition of transfusion‐associated AIDS date = 2013-10-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6253 sentences = 268 flesch = 42 summary = In a set of 14 recommendations directed primarily at federal agencies, the IOM called for a more responsive and integrated decision-making process including establishment of a Blood Safety Council reporting to a designated Blood Safety Director within HHS and a standing "expert panel" to assure communication of blood product risks and alternatives to their use both to care providers and to the public. Several possible strategies were presented, including deferral of blood donations by persons known to be at increased risk for AIDS and the use of surrogate tests to identify persons at increased risk of transmission, such as those with detectable antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) or low CD4/CD8 T-cell ratios. The Transfusion Transmitted Virus Study, supported by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, published a retrospective analysis of a prospective study that showed that alanine aminotransferase (ALT) testing of donors might effect a 30% reduction in TAH incidence. cache = ./cache/cord-274061-ynqxgyw6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-274061-ynqxgyw6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005497-w81ysjf9 author = nan title = 40th International Symposium on Intensive Care & Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 24-27 March 2020 date = 2020-03-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 103623 sentences = 6176 flesch = 53 summary = The positive NC group had more plasma transfusion (p-value 0.03) and a lower median hematocrit at 24 hrs (p-value 0.013), but similar hospital length of stay (p=0.17) and mortality rate (p=0.80) Conclusions: NC at ICU admission identifies subclinical AKI in TBI patients and it maight be used to predictclinical AKI. In patients with pneumonia requiring intensive care (ICU) admission, we hypothesise that abnormal right ventricular (RV) function is associated with an increased 90-day mortality. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence of each AKI stages as defined by KDIGO definition (with evaluation of urine output, serum creatinine and initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT)), in a mixed medical and surgical population of patients hospitalized in ICU and PCU over a 10-year period (2008-2018). This study aimed at investigating the relationship of goal-directed energy and protein adequacy on clinical outcomes which includes mortality, intensive care unit(ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS), and length of mechanical ventilation (LOMV). cache = ./cache/cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022474-xxy83c6u author = Tenorio, Grace C. title = Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology date = 2007 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12087 sentences = 627 flesch = 44 summary = Current blood separators can collect granulocytes at high yields (20 to 30 10 9 granulocytes) from donors stimulated with recombinant granulocyte colonystimulating factor (G-CSF) and steroids; however, granulocyte transfusions lost popularity between 1985 and 1995 because of reported adverse pulmonary reactions and marginal clinical results. Patients with Chido (Ch) and Rogers (Rg) antibodies (against the Ch/Rg blood group antigens carried by complement C4d of the classic complement pathway) also exhibit anaphylactoid reactions following plasma product transfusions. Major strategies available to reduce transmission include: stringent donor selection and laboratory testing; use of autologous blood, pharmacological substitutes, or new transfusion strategies; inactivation of residual infectious agents in the units to be transfused, and limiting the number of donor exposures and allogeneic transfusions. HIV is transmitted by both cellular blood components and plasma; however, both types of HTLV are highly cell-associated and require viable lymphocytes for transfusion transmission. Despite transfusions of "CMV-reduced-risk blood components," a few marrow transplant patients (1 to 4%) still develop primary CMV infection. cache = ./cache/cord-022474-xxy83c6u.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022474-xxy83c6u.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 author = nan title = MONDAY: POSTERS date = 2005-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 130043 sentences = 7330 flesch = 54 summary = • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an 'error-free pathway'; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody 'combi' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union's in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. cache = ./cache/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022035-annn4qn1 author = Menitove, Jay E. title = Other Viral, Bacterial, Parasitic and Prion-Based Infectious Complications date = 2009-05-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12424 sentences = 786 flesch = 49 summary = [20] [21] [22] [23] Despite documentation that the spirochete survives routine RBC and frozen plasma storage, testing blood donors is not under consideration because no reports exist of transfusion-associated Lyme disease. 29 An extensive epidemiologic study in Arkansas involving military trainee blood donors who had been exposed to tick bites and unknowingly infected with the agents of ehrlichiosis and Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) found no clinical illness among the recipients of RBCs and platelets donated by these soldiers. 32 Ongoing malaria surveillance in the United States by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) continues to identify cases in immigrants and in residents and travelers to areas of the world where malaria transmission still occurs. 110, 111 An active investigation to determine whether transfusion associated-vCJD transmission occurs in humans began in the United Kingdom in 1997 by identifying vCJD patients who donated blood before illness. cache = ./cache/cord-022035-annn4qn1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022035-annn4qn1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-261788-f728j3bb author = Sabater González, Mikel title = Emergencies and Critical Care of Commonly Kept Fowl date = 2016-03-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7742 sentences = 493 flesch = 47 summary = 3 A complete anamnesis should include, but is not restricted to, species; breed; age; gender; presenting complaint; source of the bird; diet; number of birds in the household; open or closed flock; acquisition date; date of the last addition to the flock; number and species of animals affected; potential exposure to toxins; length of illness; changes in behavior; history of previous diseases, treatments, and outcomes; reproductive history; and clinical signs, including their duration and progression. However, Newcastle disease, avian influenza, and infectious laryngotracheitis are all rare in backyard poultry, and the most common causative agent of sinusitis in fowl in the US is Mycoplasma. Infectious bronchitis is caused by a highly infectious coronavirus and is characterized by having 2 main presentations depending on the age of the infected animals; in young chicks, respiratory disease is the predominant manifestation, whereas salpingitis and the subsequent decrease in egg production is most commonly seen in older laying hens. cache = ./cache/cord-261788-f728j3bb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-261788-f728j3bb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-017248-a37t31u1 author = nan title = Alphabetic Listing of Diseases and Conditions date = 2010-05-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 48753 sentences = 4281 flesch = 41 summary = Possible Associated Conditions: Disseminated intravascular coagulation;* eclampsia;* glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency (G6PD); hemolytic uremic syndrome;* malignant hypertension; lymphoma* and other malignancies; paroxysmal nocturnal hemo-globinuria; sickle cell disease;*thalassemia;* thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.* (See also below under "NOTE.") NOTE: Hemolysis also may be caused by conditions such as poisoning with chemicals or drugs, heat injury, snake bite,* or infections or may develop as a transfusion reaction* or be secondary to adenocarcinoma, heart valve prostheses (see below), liver disease (see below), renal disease, or congenital erythropoietic porphyria. Unusual under-lying or associated conditions include chronic aortic stenosis or regurgitation; coronary artery anomalies; coronary artery dissection; coronary embolism; coronary ostial stenosis (due to calcification of aortic sinotubular junction or, rarely, to syphilitic aortitis); coronary vasculitis (for instance, in polyarteritis nodosa* or acute hypersensitivity arteritis); hyperthyroidism,* gastrointestinal hemorrhage; * hypothyroidism, * idiopathic arterial calcification of infancy; intramural coronary amyloidosis; pheochromocytoma, polycythemia vera; * pseudoxanthoma elasticum,* radiationinduced coronary stenosis; severe pulmonary hypertension (with right ventricular ischemia); sickle cell disease;* and others. cache = ./cache/cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-294585-dl5v9p50 author = Klein, H. G. title = Pathogen‐reduction methods: advantages and limits date = 2009-02-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4519 sentences = 216 flesch = 40 summary = However, because blood contains numerous labile proteins and fragile cells, and because there is a wide array of potentially infectious agents, no single method of pathogen-inactivation will likely preserve all blood components, yet effectively remove all viruses, bacteria, spores, protozoa and prions. Riboflavin/ultraviolet light treatment has been evaluated in preclinical studies and found to result in reduction of infectivity by many pathogens including west Nile virus, intracellular HIV, bacteria and protozoa. Therapeutic efficacy and safety of platelets treated with a photochemical process for pathogen inactivation: the SPRINT Trial Clinical safety of platelets photochemically treated with amotosalen HCl and ultraviolet A light for pathogen inactivation: the SPRINT trial Fresh frozen plasma prepared with amotosalen HCl (S-59) photochemical pathogen inactivation: transfusion of patients with congenital coagulation factor deficiencies Therapeutic efficacy and safety of red blood cells treated with a chemical process (S-303) for pathogen inactivation: a Phase III clinical trial in cardiac surgery patients cache = ./cache/cord-294585-dl5v9p50.txt txt = ./txt/cord-294585-dl5v9p50.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-003974-cr6omr9l author = Rutter, Sara title = How do we … integrate pathogen reduced platelets into our hospital blood bank inventory? date = 2019-03-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5355 sentences = 271 flesch = 46 summary = Initial methods included screening donors for travel histories to banned areas and for high-risk behaviors, but pathogen-specific assays performed at the collection and manufacturing sites also have become key factors in assuring blood safety. In recent years, the Food and Drug Administration has approved rapid tests to identify bacterially contaminated PLT units in the blood bank before transfusion. In recent years, the Food and Drug Administration has approved rapid tests to identify bacterially contaminated PLT units in the blood bank before transfusion. Pathogen reduction (PR) of platelet (PLT) concentrates using a psoralen as the photoactivating agent is a relatively new Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved technology that has been deemed suitable by the Agency for all patient demographics. Thus, after receipt of a request for PLTs, either a PR unit or a conventional non-PR unit (the latter tested with the PGD assay if stored for 5 days before distribution), would be issued by the blood bank staff as equivalent products without concern for patient acuity or demographics. cache = ./cache/cord-003974-cr6omr9l.txt txt = ./txt/cord-003974-cr6omr9l.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-280379-1o9tzwjg author = Touyz, Louis Z. G. title = Liquorice Health Check, Oro-Dental Implications, and a Case Report date = 2009-07-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2950 sentences = 176 flesch = 45 summary = This paper appraises liquorice provides a reality check of its properties (botanical sources, chemical structure, active liquorice ingredient, physiological/pharmacological activity, some common liquorice containing consumables), their systemic impact on health, a typical case report of liquorice-induced hypertension, and effects of consumption of liquorice on oro-dental structures. At 75 mg daily glycyrrhetenic acid (derived from 50 G/day liquorice), a raising effect on blood pressure is noted after 2 weeks. This on its own is rare, yet not infrequent when encountered clinically and usually occurs in diuretic medicated patients unwittingly combining consumption of commercial products containing high amounts of liquorice extract like chewing tobacco, laxatives, or confections with concentrated liquorice extracts [9] [10] [11] . Health care workers, including all in the dental team, discovering new hypertension patients, or noting a history of taking diuretics, should always enquire about consumption or use of any liquorice containing product [14] . cache = ./cache/cord-280379-1o9tzwjg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-280379-1o9tzwjg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-012354-2f5oq9e5 author = Holtkötter, Hannah title = Forensic differentiation between peripheral and menstrual blood in cases of alleged sexual assault—validating an immunochromatographic multiplex assay for simultaneous detection of human hemoglobin and D-dimer date = 2017-10-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4604 sentences = 220 flesch = 53 summary = Moreover, we aimed to evaluate (1) the sensitivity of the PMB test by considering serial dilutions of peripheral blood and menstrual fluid, (2) possible influences of and cross-reactivity with other biological secretions, and blood from various species, (3) possible false-positive results on blood from aged donors and deceased's peripheral blood, (4) the viability of DNA extraction and amplification from the residual blood diluted on the remaining buffer, (5) a case example involving a historical ethnological artifact, and (6) the performance of the test on blood samples from ten cases of alleged sexual assault. Best results, with clear, balanced signals for both hemoglobin and D-dimer presence, were received with a concentration of 360 nl of menstrual fluid (3 μl in 1000 μl buffer), Fig. 2 Heat maps of a signals for D-dimer presence with the 300 and 400 ng/ml cut-off (donor 1 to 16 = dried blood, donor 17 = liquid blood), b the sensitivity study, c the mixtures and cross-reactivity testing, d blood collected from aged donors, and e postmortem blood samples. cache = ./cache/cord-012354-2f5oq9e5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-012354-2f5oq9e5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-269839-jxqs51o5 author = Bitome-Essono, Paul-Yannick title = Tracking zoonotic pathogens using blood-sucking flies as 'flying syringes' date = 2017-03-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5875 sentences = 319 flesch = 57 summary = This study demonstrates that using hematophagous flies as 'flying syringes' constitutes an interesting approach to investigate blood-borne pathogen diversity in wild vertebrates and could be used as an early detection tool of zoonotic pathogens. The omnipresence of hematophagous flies in certain habitats and their opportunistic blood-feeding behaviour (Muturi et al., 2011; Muzari et al., 2010; Späth, 2000) make of them compelling candidates to obtain blood meals from different vertebrate hosts for pathogen detection. In the present study, we investigated the possibility of using hematophagous flies as 'flying syringes' to explore the diversity of extant malaria parasites (Haemosporida) infecting wild vertebrates living in the forests of Gabon (Central Africa). Overall, the blood meal origin was successfully identified in 428 fly samples (35%) using a PCR system amplifying long fragments of Cytb (450 bp) or COI genes (330 bp or 660 bp). In this study, we tested whether hematophagous flies could be used as 'flying syringes' to identify blood-borne pathogens circulating in the wild vertebrate fauna of Gabon. cache = ./cache/cord-269839-jxqs51o5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-269839-jxqs51o5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318598-pzlf2zpc author = Roberts, Brian K. title = Basic Shock Physiology and Critical Care date = 2016-04-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4995 sentences = 327 flesch = 44 summary = This article discusses the pathophysiology of shock and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, which may lead to organ dysfunction, organ failure, sepsis, and death. If perfusion, effective circulating volume, cardiac output, and/or oxygen delivery do not improve from compensatory mechanisms, additional symptoms of prolonged capillary refill, poor pulse quality, and hypotension occur. When there is significant hypovolemia, trauma, or sepsis with resultant sympathetic-induced vasoconstriction, the splanchnic vasculature is affected, 50 leading to ischemic injury and loss of the protective gastrointestinal barrier, which is primarily sustained because of normal capillary mucosal blood flow. [56] [57] [58] In rats, typical increases in heart rate Basic Shock Physiology and Critical Care and sympathetic response occur during sepsis and shock, characterized by tachycardia and decreased mean arterial pressure. 62 One study of rabbits that underwent experimental hemorrhagic shock by removing 26% of blood volume noted tachycardia, hypotension, and significantly decreased cardiac output versus controls. cache = ./cache/cord-318598-pzlf2zpc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318598-pzlf2zpc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-017946-fa4ehlb0 author = Lawless, Ryan A. title = Adjuncts to Resuscitation date = 2018-05-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5937 sentences = 298 flesch = 36 summary = This chapter will focus on adjuncts to damage control resuscitation (DCR) including massive transfusion protocols, the "other" tenets of damage control resuscitation, hypertonic saline, tranexamic acid, pharmacologic resuscitation, Factor VIIa, and prothrombin complex, and viscoelastic testing. Looking at the incorporation of the other two principles (permissive hypotension and minimizing crystalloids) into a mature trauma center already incorporating a transfusion strategy approaching whole blood, investigators found an improvement in survival among emergent laparotomy patients [4] . The authors noted a significantly improved mortality compared to that predicted by the Trauma Related Injury Severity Score (TRISS) in patients who received fibrinogen concentrate during their initial resuscitation. Animal models of liver injury associated hemorrhagic shock have shown decreased blood loss, increased mean arterial pressure, and significantly higher hemoglobin levels with vasopressin administration compared to standard crystalloid resuscitation [74] . A randomized, placebo-controlled study (AVERT Shock) is currently underway to investigate the potential benefit of vasopressin administration during the early resuscitation of bleeding trauma patients [79]. cache = ./cache/cord-017946-fa4ehlb0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-017946-fa4ehlb0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344131-e7phs0jd author = Ford, Richard B. title = Section 4 Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures date = 2012-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 40123 sentences = 2277 flesch = 51 summary = Before actually collecting and submitting a sample to a laboratory for bacterial culture, it is appropriate (whenever feasible to do so) to prepare, stain, and examine, under direct microscopy, exudates or fluid from the suspect material or tissue. Fine-needle aspiration, the use of needle and syringe to remove cells from normal and abnormal tissue, apply them to a glass slide, stain the smear, and review the results immediately is among the most useful, cost-effective procedures available in clinical practice. Do not remove the syringe from the tissue while maintaining negative pressure, because this can Enlargement of nucleus or nuclei larger than 10 nm Decreased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio Multinucleation because of abnormal mitosis Abnormal or frequent mitosis Variations in size and shape of nuclei Increase in size and number of nucleoli Increased basophilia of cellular cytoplasm; increased RNA content Anisokaryosis or pleomorphism Multinucleated giant cells box 4-4 cytologic feAtuRes of mAlignAncy 4 result in the aspiration of significant amounts of blood from the skin, thereby significantly diluting the sample with peripheral blood. cache = ./cache/cord-344131-e7phs0jd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344131-e7phs0jd.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-310254-ko1sptzm author = Attri, Bhawna title = Basal-Bolus Insulin Regimen for Hospitalised Patients with COVID-19 and Diabetes Mellitus: A Practical Approach date = 2020-07-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6392 sentences = 287 flesch = 49 summary = The aim of this article is to provide a practical guidance for the use of the basal-bolus insulin regimen in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus. We provide a comprehensive review on the use of the basal-bolus insulin regimen, including its principles, rationale, indications, prerequisites, initiation, and dose titration, and also suggest targets for blood glucose control and different levels of capillary blood glucose monitoring. Various case scenarios are used to illustrate how optimal glucose control can be achieved, such as through adjustments in doses of prandial and basal insulin, the use of correctional insulin dosing and changes in the timing and content of major and minor meals. This review provides a practical guidance on the use of the basal-bolus insulin regimen in patients with diabetes mellitus hospitalised with COVID-19. cache = ./cache/cord-310254-ko1sptzm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-310254-ko1sptzm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-273388-615acz0l author = He, Miao title = The Impact of Emerging Infectious Diseases on Chinese Blood Safety() date = 2016-11-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7067 sentences = 389 flesch = 52 summary = Although the implementation of mandatory testing for 4 classical transfusion-transmitted infectious—human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis—has reduced the transfusion risk of these pathogens, the potential threat of various EID agents and their constantly evolving variants to blood safety in China is not fully understood. The threat of these EID agents to blood safety varies, due to different spreading patterns, transmission routes, epidemiologic characteristics, and endemic status; therefore, they need to be specifically evaluated in each country or area. Although no infection cases transmitted by transfusion have been reported, the existence of Brucella DNA in donors' plasma samples indicates potential risk of transfusion-transmitted brucellosis in endemic areas and warrants future investigation. Although no transfusion-transmitted HTLV infections have been reported, the surveillance of HTLV among blood donors and the evaluation of its impact on blood safety continue to be studied in China. cache = ./cache/cord-273388-615acz0l.txt txt = ./txt/cord-273388-615acz0l.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005814-ak5pq312 author = nan title = 8th European Congress of Intensive Care Medicine Athens - Greece, October 18–22, 1995 Abstracts date = 1995 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 179164 sentences = 12028 flesch = 56 summary = Results: In 5 patients with treated SS, 16 tests were performed (VL n=8; Dobu n=4; NA n=4 Method: Septic shock was defined as severe sepsis with either persistent hypotension (mean arterial pressure; MAP<70 mmHg) or the requirement for a noradrenaline (NA) infusion ~> 0.1 ~g/kg/min with a MAP _< 90mmHg. Cardiovascular support was limited to NA + dobutamine (DB), 546C88 was administered for up to 8 h at a fixed dose-rate of either i, 2.5, 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg/h iv. Methods: Fourteen cases were s~udied,their gestational age ranged from(27-32)ws.Continnous positive air way pressure was applied to six cases at Peep level from (3-6)cm H2o through nasal pronge,(group I),the other 8 cases were managed as routine,(group II).Blood gases, TcPO2,TcCo2,resp.rate,depth and pattern were monitored for assessment of tissue Oxygenation and ventilation, Results: Our rasults showed that early application of CPAP improve ventilation among (83.3%)of cases,while (16.7%)of cases need IMV.The cases of group II need IMV among (75%)of the studied cases during the second or the third day of life. cache = ./cache/cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010088-s9tfvtao author = nan title = Oral Abstracts date = 2013-11-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 43522 sentences = 2257 flesch = 49 summary = These include 'incorrect blood component transfused' events, where the blood component was intended for another recipient (frequently due to errors in patient identification at the time of collection of the pre-transfusion sample, or at the time of bedside administration), or did not meet the patient's special needs (such as a patient with a red cell antibody who did not receive the required antigen-negative unit). Methods: Eligibility criteria for inclusion in the study included the following: transfusion of Rh D positive platelets, no anti D detectable before transfusion, no previous exposure to Rh D positive blood components, and results of follow-up testing of anti-D in patients serum available. In addition, the allelic frequency of Hpdel was calculated to be 0.015 by a genetic study of a limited number of the Japanese individuals, suggesting that Hp deficiency might distribute among the Japanese population as a phenotype of serum Hp. Aims: In this report, we present the results obtained from a hemovigilance survey carried out between 1998 and 2012, in which Hp deficiency was identified among Japanese patients who had experienced nonhemolytic TRs (NHTRs), and those obtained from a screening of Hp-deficient Japanese healthy blood donors. cache = ./cache/cord-010088-s9tfvtao.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010088-s9tfvtao.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-349803-tsjgypy5 author = Rouka, Erasmia title = The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the adequacy of blood supply: Specialists in Transfusion Medicine need to establish models of preparedness date = 2020-09-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 663 sentences = 38 flesch = 49 summary = title: The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the adequacy of blood supply: Specialists in Transfusion Medicine need to establish models of preparedness The management of transfusion services in disasters like the pandemic is of critical importance for any blood bank [1] . A study by Zimrin and Hess (2007) on the effect of a modern pandemic influenza on blood supply in the United States (US) predicted that transfusion services are likely to face significant losses of blood donors, personnel, supplies and reagents [2] . Simulation models for the blood supply system in threats like the pandemics have been developed in the US as reported by two independent studies [4] [5] . Planning for pandemic influenza: effect of a pandemic on the supply and demand for blood products in the United States An Interregional US Blood Supply Simulation Model to Evaluate Blood Availability to Support Planning for Emergency Preparedness and Medical Countermeasures Management of blood supplies during an influenza pandemic cache = ./cache/cord-349803-tsjgypy5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-349803-tsjgypy5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-252273-mykwzlsu author = Politis, Constantina title = Post-donation information and haemovigilance reporting for COVID-19 in Greece: information supporting the absence of SARS-CoV-2 possible transmission through blood components date = 2020-10-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1681 sentences = 95 flesch = 48 summary = Post-donation, post-transfusion information and molecular testing of swab samples collected from three asymptomatic donors at risk for COVID-19, revealed the case of an immunosupressed patient who had been transfused with whole blood derived platelets from a donor subsequently diagnosed with COVID-19. According to the case report described for the first time by Cho et al., the transfusion of apheresis platelets to a patient diagnosed with severe aplastic anaemia from a donor who was subsequently diagnosed with COVID-19 did not result in the transmission of the disease 14 . In our study we describe the haemovigilance data over a surveillance period of three months (March to May 2020) when prevalence of the virus was high, focusing on post-donation and post-transfusion information regarding the transfusion to an immunocompromised patient of whole blood derived platelets from a donor who was subsequently diagnosed with COVID-19. cache = ./cache/cord-252273-mykwzlsu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-252273-mykwzlsu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-016815-pva22xy7 author = Mannem, Hannah C. title = Transfusion and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Clinical Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes date = 2016-06-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5445 sentences = 272 flesch = 49 summary = Multiple patient and donor related risk factors for TRALI exist, including critically illness, alcohol use, and receiving transfusions with high plasma volumes. Possible TRALI occurs when the acute respiratory distress takes place in the setting of a blood transfusion, as well as other co-existing risk factors for development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) , including: trauma, sepsis, pancreatitis, aspiration, inhalation, drug overdose, or burns. A prospective cohort study showed 33 % of patients on mechanical ventilation at the time of transfusion developed acute lung injury [ 15 ] . Risk factors and outcome of transfusion-related acute lung injury in the critically ill: a nested case-control study The incidence, risk factors, and outcome of transfusion-related acute lung injury in a cohort of cardiac surgery patients: a prospective nested case-control study Fresh-frozen plasma and platelet transfusions are associated with development of acute lung injury in critically ill medical patients cache = ./cache/cord-016815-pva22xy7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-016815-pva22xy7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-018809-3nrvm4jt author = McMullin, N. R. title = Hemostatic Resuscitation date = 2006 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6231 sentences = 294 flesch = 46 summary = In combat, fresh whole blood for massive transfusion becomes a blood bank multiplier, providing within a single unit, RBCs, volume, coagulation components, and functional platelets in a warm fluid. Appropriate use following established guidelines can be beneficial and may even be superior to packed RBCs. A fluid containing the vital properties of fresh whole blood would serve as a bridge to allow a patient to be resuscitated without initiating the'bloody cycle of death' that is seen all too often in our current paradigm of massive resuscitation. Appropriate use following established guidelines can be beneficial and may even be superior to packed RBCs. A fluid containing the vital properties of fresh whole blood would serve as a bridge to allow a patient to be resuscitated without initiating the'bloody cycle of death' that is seen all too often in our current paradigm of massive resuscitation. cache = ./cache/cord-018809-3nrvm4jt.txt txt = ./txt/cord-018809-3nrvm4jt.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-350224-dt3li3bk author = Ye, Qingsong title = Safety and efficacy assessment of allogeneic human dental pulp stem cells to treat patients with severe COVID-19: structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (Phase I / II) date = 2020-06-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2453 sentences = 158 flesch = 50 summary = title: Safety and efficacy assessment of allogeneic human dental pulp stem cells to treat patients with severe COVID-19: structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (Phase I / II) The experimental group will receive an intravenous injection of dental pulp stem cells suspension (3.0x10(7) human DPSCs in 30ml saline solution) on day 1, 4 and 7; The control group will receive an equal amount of saline (placebo) on the same days. The experimental group will receive an intravenous injection of dental pulp stem cells suspension (3.0x10 7 human DPSCs in 30ml saline solution) on day 1, 4 and 7; Full study protocol.Authors' contributions QY, ZW and SLW conceived the research idea; QY, HW, XX, YH and GZ designed the study protocol and developed the research plan; CZ and QY obtained the ethics approval; QY and ZL coordinated the tasks among different investigators; CZ, ZZ, ZL and QY YZ and KH recruited the participants and collected data. cache = ./cache/cord-350224-dt3li3bk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-350224-dt3li3bk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-323906-ro078y52 author = Sardu, Celestino title = Implications of AB0 blood group in hypertensive patients with covid-19 date = 2020-08-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3581 sentences = 178 flesch = 41 summary = CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our data indicate that non-0 covid-19 hypertensive patients have significantly higher values of pro-thrombotic indexes, as well as higher rate of cardiac injury and deaths compared to 0 patients. Actually, although hypertension is known to trigger endothelial dysfunction and a pro-thrombotic status [9] , no data are currently available exploring the association of AB0 group with inflammatory/thrombotic status in hypertensive patients with diagnosis of covid-19.Therefore, in this study we investigated the inflammatory/thrombotic status and clinical outcomes as cardiac injury and death in hypertensive patients with covid-19,comparing 0 vs. Then, we performed a multivariate analysis, which revealed that interleukin-6 (IL-6, 1.118, CI 95% 1.067-1.171) and non-0 blood group (2.574, CI 95% 1.207-5.490) were identified as independent predictors of cardiac injury in hypertensive patients with covid-19 (Table 2) . In this sense, it is critical to note that we found that the non-0 blood group results in 2.6-fold and 3.7-fold increased risk to develop cardiac injury and death in hypertensive patients with covid-19. cache = ./cache/cord-323906-ro078y52.txt txt = ./txt/cord-323906-ro078y52.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023364-ut56gczm author = nan title = EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS date = 2005-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 130049 sentences = 7334 flesch = 54 summary = • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an 'error-free pathway'; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody 'combi' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union's in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. cache = ./cache/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-009417-458rrhcm author = Luce, Judith A. title = Use of Blood Components in the Intensive Care Unit date = 2009-05-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 17101 sentences = 918 flesch = 43 summary = Benefi ts to the patient with more judicious use of platelet transfusion include decreased donor exposure, which lessens the risk of transfusion-transmitted disease; fewer febrile and allergic reactions that may complicate the hospital course; and the potential delay or prevention of alloimmunization to HLA and platelet antigens. If anti-IgA antibodies are determined to be the cause of this reaction, the patient must receive blood components donated by IgA-defi cient individuals or, if unavailable, specially prepared washed RBCs and platelet concentrates. These patients may have intensive red cell and platelet transfusion requirements and need specialized products such as CMV-negative and irradiated blood components. A blood bank problem uniquely encountered in BMT is the need to switch the patient's ABO group because of an ABO-mismatched transplant, thus necessitating an exchange transfusion of red cells and plasma-containing products (i.e., platelet concentrates) of differing ABO type to avoid hemolysis of donor and recipient cells. cache = ./cache/cord-009417-458rrhcm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-009417-458rrhcm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-331289-02411gfv author = Di Minno, Giovanni title = Current concepts in the prevention of pathogen transmission via blood/plasma-derived products for bleeding disorders() date = 2015-07-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8171 sentences = 395 flesch = 43 summary = In general, clinicians assess the level of risk associated with the use of blood/ plasma-derived products by evaluating factors such as patient characteristics (e.g. age, immune status, geographical location, lifestyle) and the nature of the pathogen (e.g. physical characteristics, level of virulence, chronicity of infection, prevalence). Current donor selection and screening practices have improved our ability to detect or reduce the presence of pathogens in blood/plasma-derived products; for example, the residual risk of transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) with HIV/HBV/HCV has fallen to near or less than 1 per million transfused units [14, 15] . Since TTV is often detected in healthy individuals and is not associated with any particular disease, routine screening for this virus is not considered to be necessary; even a test with excellent sensitivity/specificity would not contribute to increase the level of safety of blood/plasma-derived products with regard to TTV. cache = ./cache/cord-331289-02411gfv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-331289-02411gfv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-315077-i1xjcuae author = Branda, John A. title = Utilization management in microbiology date = 2014-01-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4117 sentences = 200 flesch = 35 summary = The results of testing in the microbiology laboratory have significant effects on the cost of clinical care, especially costs related to antimicrobial agents and infection control practices. Consequently many of the successful utilization management interventions described in clinical microbiology have targeted not just the volume of tests performed in the laboratory, but also the downstream costs of care. In a number of cases, the initiative's success arose not only from a reduction in laboratory testing per se, but rather also from its impact in the clinical care arena (for example, a reduction in antibiotic use or hospital length of length-of-stay). Each day, a microbiology fellow and laboratory director review the clinical history, culture results and susceptibility test results for all patients newly started on a carbapenem, to determine appropriate versus inappropriate use of the drugs. cache = ./cache/cord-315077-i1xjcuae.txt txt = ./txt/cord-315077-i1xjcuae.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015021-pol2qm74 author = nan title = Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches date = 1994 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 162327 sentences = 9379 flesch = 50 summary = It is our current understanding that LPS is responsible for many of the pathophysiological events observed during gramnegative infections and that one of the major mechanisms leading to shock and death is the LPS-induced activation of macrophages resulting in the production and release of lipid and peptide mediators, among which tumor necrosis factor seems to be the most important. However plasma IL-6 estimation revealed a statistically significant reduction at 6 hours in tanrine-treated animals compared to glycino and TW controls ( Objective: To evaluate the effects of allogeneic blood transfusion, thermal injury and bacterial garage on interteukin 4 (IL-4), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) production and host mortality and to study if the administration of thymopentth (THY) could affect these events. cache = ./cache/cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-102668-1yc38ok1 author = Siddiqui, Shoib S. title = Acidosis, Zinc and HMGB1 in Sepsis: A Common Connection Involving Sialoglycan Recognition date = 2020-07-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5387 sentences = 292 flesch = 50 summary = Blood pH is tightly regulated between 7.35-7.45, with values below 7.3 during sepsis being associated with lactic acidosis, low serum zinc, and release of proinflammatory HMGB1 from activated and/or necrotic cells. The mechanisms underlying lethality associated with low blood pH are not clear, but include low zinc levels and release from apoptotic or necrotic cells of HMGB1, a damageassociated molecular pattern (DAMP) defined as one of the late mediators of sepsis, further upregulating many other proinflammatory cytokines (10) (11) (12) . Here we report one plausible explanation for the tight regulation of blood pH between 7.35-7.45, showing that even a slight reduction to pH 7.2 abolishes the zinc-dependent sequestration of HMGB1 by plasma sialoglycoproteins, releasing it to bind to activating receptors on neutrophils. During sepsis, the drop in pH and zinc concentration of the blood leads to disruption of HMGB1's binding with sialic acid, enabling the free HMGB1 to bind with TLRs and RAGE present on immune cells and the endothelium. cache = ./cache/cord-102668-1yc38ok1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-102668-1yc38ok1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-281003-7pdhxdzc author = Farmakis, Dimitrios title = COVID‐19 and thalassaemia: A position statement of the Thalassaemia International Federation date = 2020-07-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2829 sentences = 159 flesch = 44 summary = METHODS: The present statement summarizes the key challenges concerning the management of haemoglobinopathies, with particular focus on patients with either transfusion‐dependent or non‐transfusion‐dependent thalassaemia, identifies the gaps in knowledge and suggests measures and strategies to deal with the pandemic, based on available evidence and expert opinions. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has affected millions across the world, having caused hundreds of thousands deaths. However, disease-related complications may affect multiple organs including the heart, liver, endocrine glands, lungs and the immune system, thus rendering this patient population at an increased risk to develop serious complications during COVID-19. 2, 3, 11 This is especially so in patients who receive suboptimal management and lack access to modern therapy and Thalassaemia patients do not have the same risk of pulmonary infections with sickle cell disease patients but, they may have multiple organ complications, often due to iron overload, including cardiac and hepatic, diabetes mellitus and endocrine disease. cache = ./cache/cord-281003-7pdhxdzc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-281003-7pdhxdzc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023095-4dannjjm author = nan title = Research Abstract Program of the 2011 ACVIM Forum Denver, Colorado, June 15–18, 2011 date = 2011-05-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 134226 sentences = 6834 flesch = 51 summary = The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term effects of ivabradine on heart rate (HR), blood pressure, left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function, left atrial (LA) performance, and clinical tolerance in healthy cats after repeated oral doses. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between heart rate and ECG time intervals to body mass in apparently healthy horses and ponies and to calculate normal ranges for different weight groups. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypercoagulability in PLN dogs based on thromboelastography (TEG), and to determine whether hypercoagulability in these patients could be predicted by clinical assessments that identify systemic hypertension (systolic blood pressure 4 160 mmHg), hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin o 2.7 mg/dl), antithrombin activity (o 70%), and degree of proteinuria (urine protein:creatinine ratio [UPC] ! cache = ./cache/cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-018414-6ffhm895 author = Kang, Yoogoo title = Anesthesia Management of Liver Transplantation date = 2016-07-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 21155 sentences = 1064 flesch = 34 summary = Specifically, patients with fulminant hepatic failure develop significant changes in cerebral function, and cerebral perfusion is maintained by monitoring cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen, and intracranial pressure. Small-for-size syndrome develops in a patient who received a donor graft that was less than 1 % of the recipient's body weight and is caused by decreased hepatic arterial flow in response to increased portal venous flow and pressure. The major criteria for the diagnosis of the hepatorenal syndrome are as follows: (1) advanced hepatic disease and portal hypertension; (2) low glomerular filtration rate (serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL or creatinine clearance <40 mL/ min); (3) absence of nephrotoxic drug use, shock, systemic infection, or recent fluid losses; (4) lack of sustained improvement after diuretic withdrawal and volume resuscitation with 1.5 L of normal saline; (5) proteinuria (<500 mg/dL); and (6) no ultrasound evidence of urinary obstruction or parenchymal disease. cache = ./cache/cord-018414-6ffhm895.txt txt = ./txt/cord-018414-6ffhm895.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010092-uftc8inx author = nan title = Abstract of 29th Regional Congress of the ISBT date = 2019-06-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 233304 sentences = 13171 flesch = 54 summary = Prospective testing of blood donations in endemic areas of the U.S. revealed 0.38% of donors were positive for Babesia DNA or antibodies (Moritz, NEJM, 2016) Aims: -To report results of ongoing Babesia clinical trial -To explain significance of Babesia as a TT infection Methods: In cobas â Babesia for use on the cobas â 6800/8800 Systems, is a qualitative polymerase chain reaction nucleic acid amplification test, developed to detect in whole blood (WB) donor samples the 4 Babesia species that cause human disease: B. In sensitivity analyses, there were two discrepant results for HIV testing, three for HCV, and five for anti-HBc. Summary/Conclusions: Elecsys â infectious disease parameters on the cobas e 801 analyser demonstrate high specificity/sensitivity for screening first-time blood donor samples, with similar clinical performance to other commercially available assays. cache = ./cache/cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015126-cyhcbk1j author = nan title = PS 0036-0344 date = 2007-08-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 59175 sentences = 3672 flesch = 54 summary = We compared them with ≥70 years old and an ICU stay < 30 days patients, the differences in ICU mortality, Apache II, age, gender and the necessity for renal replacement therapy (RRT) were not significant (see table) . The patients with mild form of acute pancreatitis had low mortality rate (similar to general ward population) despite positive ICU admission criteria in our case series with fifty per cent development of severe form with organ dysfunction/failure later on. Collected data:Demographics,Management prior and during ICU hospitalization (sedation, catecolamin drug use, blood product transfusion, intra-cranial pressure monitoring, neurosurgical emergency surgery etc.),CT-Scan results, Daily worst Glasgow coma scale, admission Simplified Acute Physiology Score II. This prospective interventional study performed in a surgical Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary University Hospital included 35 (21 males) mechanically ventilated and sedated patients with acute cardiovascular failure requiring cardiac output measurement (transpulmonary thermodilution technique)and a fluid challenge. cache = ./cache/cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-271485-a1633xxe author = Leaf, Rebecca Karp title = ABO Phenotype and Death in Critically Ill Patients with COVID‐19 date = 2020-07-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1585 sentences = 91 flesch = 53 summary = 6 To examine the relationship between blood group and clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19, we studied the distribution and mortality associated with ABO phenotype in a large cohort of critically ill patients. To examine whether blood type is associated with critical illness in patients with COVID-19, we used a chi-square test to compare the observed versus expected distribution of ABO phenotypes. We estimated the expected distribution of ABO phenotype in each of the above race/ethnicity categories using data from 3.1 million blood donors in the United States. 7 To examine whether ABO phenotype is associated with mortality among critically ill patients with COVID-19, we used a chi-square test to compare the distribution of observed ABO blood phenotypes with 28-day in-hospital mortality, stratified by the above race/ethnicity categories. In this large nationwide cohort study of critically ill patients with COVID-19, we found significant differences in the observed versus expected distribution of ABO phenotypes among White patients, cache = ./cache/cord-271485-a1633xxe.txt txt = ./txt/cord-271485-a1633xxe.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-032181-gmcugd8h author = Song, Jian-Xin title = Main Complications of AECHB and Severe Hepatitis B (Liver Failure) date = 2019-05-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 51165 sentences = 2516 flesch = 37 summary = 3. Hepatorenal syndrome, which is characterized by renal failure, hemodynamic changes in arterial circulation and abnormalities in the endogenous vascular system, is a common clinical complication of end-stage liver disease, and one of the important indicators for the prognosis of patients with severe hepatitis. The latest report indicated that basic laboratory examinations for coagulation function testing in common use at present, such as PT, APTT, international normalized ratio (INR) etc., have little correlation with occurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding in these patients, thereby revealing the importance to search and pay close attention to those complicating disease upregulating bleeding risk, such as bacterial infection, renal failure, hemodynamic change after portal hypertension, dysfunction of endotheliocyte as well as macrophagocyte and so on [107] . cache = ./cache/cord-032181-gmcugd8h.txt txt = ./txt/cord-032181-gmcugd8h.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-345679-ydwcp75s author = Younas, Amber title = SEROPREVALENCE OF SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODIES AMONG HEALTHY BLOOD DONORS IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN date = 2020-08-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2370 sentences = 148 flesch = 59 summary = title: SEROPREVALENCE OF SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODIES AMONG HEALTHY BLOOD DONORS IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN Despite the prevailing pandemic, there are no recommendations available as yet for testing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies as part of blood screening. In our study, we conducted specific serological testing (total antibodies) to identify prevalence of SARS-2-CoV antibodies among the healthy blood donors who visited Blood Bank at our Institute.Their results were compared with specific serologic results of blood donors that came before the onset of pandemic(October, 2019). In July 2020, we tested 300 healthy blood donors, 113 donors (37.7%) were found to be reactive for anti-SARS-CoV-2antibodies. Another study in Northern France reported 25.8% of population positive for COVID-19 antibody(19)but they also did not exclude previously symptomatic cases. To conclude, seroprevalence of SARS-COV-2 antibodies has increased in Pakistan over a period of time and could help in recognizing the actual number of COVID-19 cases. The prevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in China.medRxiv cache = ./cache/cord-345679-ydwcp75s.txt txt = ./txt/cord-345679-ydwcp75s.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-278174-znc99yos author = Ramsey, Glenn title = Managing recalls and withdrawals of blood components date = 2004-01-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4900 sentences = 251 flesch = 49 summary = Abstract Donor centers are issuing a growing number of recalls and market withdrawals to hospital transfusion services about blood components. Using the FDA's categories of donor center biological product deviations, we provide recommendations to consider for when to notify the recipient's physician, after postdonation information is received about a previously transfused blood component. If a blood product has been transfused from a donor who should have been ineligible at the time of donation, then "we recommend that the establishments consider notifying the treating physician of those recipients about the post donation information, including whether the donor developed suspected SARS." Donors are deferred for 28 days after recovering from suspected SARS or for 14 days after exposure to a person with SARS or travel to SARS-risk areas. cache = ./cache/cord-278174-znc99yos.txt txt = ./txt/cord-278174-znc99yos.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-317250-a5ni1s9e author = Jackson, Ronald S. title = Wine, food, and health date = 2020-04-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 19834 sentences = 1219 flesch = 45 summary = Abusive ethanol consumption can cause cirrhosis of the liver, increase the likelihood of hypertension and stroke, favor the development of breast and digestive tract cancers, induce fetal alcohol syndrome, among others. Despite the general beneficial effects of moderate amounts of alcohol on digestion, the phenolic content of red wine may counter some of these influences. The effect on the latter two groups appears reflected in the reduced incidence of the common cold in moderate alcohol consumers (Cohen et al., 1993) , particularly those drinking red wines (Takkouche et al., 2002) . The source of these benefits may be a combination of enhanced calcium uptake, associated with alcohol consumption (Ilich et al., 2002) , the phytoestrogen effects of phenolics, such as resveratrol and kaempferol, or other unsuspected influences. Review of moderate alcohol consumption and reduced risk of coronary heart disease: is the effect due to beer, wine, or spirits? cache = ./cache/cord-317250-a5ni1s9e.txt txt = ./txt/cord-317250-a5ni1s9e.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-329176-av4qhu4f author = Liu, Nanyang title = Association between ABO blood groups and risk of coronavirus disease 2019: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis date = 2020-08-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2064 sentences = 159 flesch = 51 summary = title: Association between ABO blood groups and risk of coronavirus disease 2019: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis The major objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis study is to investigate the impact of ABO blood group on COVID-19 pneumonia. DISCUSSION: This study will provide high-quality evidence to evaluate the contribution of the ABO blood group in COVID-19 pneumonia infection. A recent study in China compared COVID-19 patients with the general population found an association between the ABO blood group and SARS-CoV-2 infection status. [12] This study will systematically review the current evidence, aiming to provide clarity surrounding the role of the ABO blood type in patients with COVID-19. Search terms are: "blood type", "blood groups", "ABO", "novel coronavirus infected pneumonia", "COVID-19", "Corona Virus Disease 2019", "NCP", "2019-nCOV". cache = ./cache/cord-329176-av4qhu4f.txt txt = ./txt/cord-329176-av4qhu4f.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-308614-gsgntf4c author = Eshar, David title = Venipuncture in bats date = 2010 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1316 sentences = 78 flesch = 61 summary = Equipment needed includes a 1-to 3-ml syringe or 0.5-ml insulin syringe; 25-or 27-gauge needles; microtainer collection tubes with heparin and calcium-EDTA; microhematocrit capillary tubes and sealing clay; glass slides; chlorhexidine-based scrub equivalent to 1% of the total body weight at each draw. Venipuncture of the cephalic and the saphenous (interfemoral) veins are two of the best techniques for quick and safe collection of blood in bats. A 25-gauge needle can be used to puncture the vessel in small bats, and the tube can be inserted into the hub of the needle to collect the sample, or if a vein is accidently punctured, blood can be collected into a microhematocrit capillary tube directly from the incision site 2 (Fig. 1) . Venipuncture of the cephalic and saphenous veins without anesthesia usually requires one phlebotomist and one or two individuals to restraint the bat. cache = ./cache/cord-308614-gsgntf4c.txt txt = ./txt/cord-308614-gsgntf4c.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-299422-s5evsj96 author = Abdollahi, Alireza title = The Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Vulnerability Association with ABO/Rh Blood Types date = 2020-05-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2909 sentences = 139 flesch = 50 summary = CONCLUSION: Similar to several previous studies about other viral diseases' association with ABO histo-blood groups, we have concluded that an individual's ABO histo-blood group phenotype and his/her susceptibility to COVID-19 are indeed connected. Previous researches have proved the potential role of ABO blood groups on a host's genetic susceptibility to various viral diseases such as influenza, Ebola, enteric viruses, and SARS-CoV infections (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) . In the present study, 397 COVID-19 patients and 500 normal controls were analyzed to evaluate the association of the ABO histo-blood group phenotypes with COVID-19 disease in the Iranian population. Further studies are required to determine the exact mechanism through which ABO blood group influences COVID-19 susceptibility, which could be helpful in patient management and disease control. However, our results were discordant regarding the ABO histo-blood antigens which make people susceptible to COVID-19 (AB versus A histo-blood group phenotype in Iran and China, respectively). cache = ./cache/cord-299422-s5evsj96.txt txt = ./txt/cord-299422-s5evsj96.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-302690-0v7ne7vi author = Chow, Clara K. title = Ultra-low-dose quadruple combination blood pressure lowering therapy in patients with hypertension: The QUARTET randomized controlled trial protocol() date = 2020-10-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5606 sentences = 309 flesch = 56 summary = title: Ultra-low-dose quadruple combination blood pressure lowering therapy in patients with hypertension: The QUARTET randomized controlled trial protocol() The QUARTET (Quadruple UltrA-low-dose tReaTment for hypErTension) double-blind, active controlled, randomized clinical trial will examine whether ultra-low-dose quadruple combination therapy is more effective than guideline recommended standard care, in lowering blood pressure. The primary objective of the Quadruple UltrA-low-dose tReatment for hypErTension (QUARTET) trial is to examine 153 whether ultra-low-dose quadruple combination therapy (quadpill) is more effective than guideline recommended 154 therapy with an ARB plus a CCB if required in lowering blood pressure. Participants are 159 randomized in a 1:1 allocation ratio using a central computer-based service, to initial therapy with quadpill or to a 160 standard dose of an ARB, with a CCB added as required, as per current guideline recommendations ( Figure 1 ). Fixed low-dose triple combination antihypertensive medication vs usual 683 care for blood pressure control in patients with mild to moderate hypertension in sri lanka: A randomized 684 clinical trial cache = ./cache/cord-302690-0v7ne7vi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-302690-0v7ne7vi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023528-z9rc0ubj author = Wilkins, Pamela A. title = Disorders of Foals date = 2009-05-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 42569 sentences = 2235 flesch = 44 summary = First, restriction of the thorax or the abdomen can result in impaired ventilation, which can occur easily when one restrains a foal and may result in spuriously abnormal arterial blood gas values (see the discussion on arterial blood gas evaluation, Respiratory Diseases Associated with Hypoxemia in the Neonate). Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), currently referred to as neonatal encephalopathy in the human literature, is one systemic manifestation of a broader syndrome of perinatal asphyxia syndrome (PAS), and management of foals with signs consistent with a diagnosis of HIE requires the clinician to examine other body systems fully and to provide therapy directed at treating other involved systems. Therapy for the various manifestations of hypoxiaischemia involves control of seizures, general cerebral support, correction of metabolic abnormalities, maintenance of normal arterial blood gas values, maintenance of tissue perfusion, maintenance of renal function, treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction, prevention and recognition and early treatment of secondary infections, and general supportive care. cache = ./cache/cord-023528-z9rc0ubj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023528-z9rc0ubj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-017948-fqhl1qb4 author = Hu, Yuan title = Molecular Techniques for Blood and Blood Product Screening date = 2012-04-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7304 sentences = 372 flesch = 54 summary = Currently, nucleic acid testing techniques have been developed to screen blood and plasma products for evidence of very recent viral infections that could be missed by conventional serologic tests. Through the application of molecular biology, biological and biochemical analyses have been revolutionized, and nucleic acid, gene-based techniques have been developed to screen blood and plasma donations for evidence of very recent and earlier viral infections that might otherwise be missed by conventional serologic testing. Because NAT detects a virus's genetic material instead of waiting for the body's response, the formation of antibodies, as with many current tests, it offers the opportunity to reduce the window period during which an infecting agent is undetectable by traditional tests [ 19 ] , thus further improving blood safety. Detection of HIV-1 and HCV infections among antibody-negative blood donors by nucleic acid-ampli fi cation testing cache = ./cache/cord-017948-fqhl1qb4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-017948-fqhl1qb4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-291644-5y0ioety author = Akiyama, Tomohiro title = The Natural-Mineral-Based Novel Nanomaterial IFMC Increases Intravascular Nitric Oxide without Its Intake: Implications for COVID-19 and beyond date = 2020-08-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5835 sentences = 306 flesch = 45 summary = title: The Natural-Mineral-Based Novel Nanomaterial IFMC Increases Intravascular Nitric Oxide without Its Intake: Implications for COVID-19 and beyond Since the long-term continuous measurement of intravascular NO was impossible, complementary tests were conducted to determine whether IFMC could increase the surface temperature, blood flow rate, velocity and vessel diameter in the human body. The present study confirmed that the natural-mineral-based novel nanomaterial IFMC, with a size of tens of nanometres (Figure 1 ), could induce an increase of intravascular NO (Figure 3) , vasodilation (vessel diameter) and blood flow rate in a living body (Figure 4) , as well as an increase of the surface temperature of a hand including fingers ( Figure 5 ). To summarise, our inter-and trans-disciplinary approach revealed that the natural-mineral-based novel nanomaterial IFMC can induce an increase of intravascular NO, vasodilation and blood flow rate, as well as an increase of hand surface temperature in a living body. cache = ./cache/cord-291644-5y0ioety.txt txt = ./txt/cord-291644-5y0ioety.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-339705-x8l3zgfd author = Patil, Vijaykumar title = An association between fingerprint patterns with blood group and lifestyle based diseases: a review date = 2020-08-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 19191 sentences = 980 flesch = 52 summary = Due to the immense potential of fingerprints as an effective method of identification, the present research paper tries to investigate the problem of blood group identification and analysis of diseases those arises with aging like hypertension, type 2-diabetes and arthritis from a fingerprint by analyzing their patterns correlation with blood group and age of an individual. The fingerprint having basic four categories which are loop, whorl, arch and composites but also there are more than 100 interleaved ridge and valleys which explore unique characteristics of an individual which will help to design Deep Neural Network or Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) which predict blood group and common clinical diseases like hypertension, type 2-diabetes and arthritis. From the present investigation, the accompanying ends are drawn: (1) Loops are the most regularly discovered fingerprint pattern and arches are minimal normal in the two guys and females and furthermore in "ABO" blood groups. cache = ./cache/cord-339705-x8l3zgfd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-339705-x8l3zgfd.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-312418-e4g5u1nz author = Melillo, Alessandro title = Rabbit Clinical Pathology date = 2007-09-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6442 sentences = 363 flesch = 46 summary = There is little information available that describes the effect of clinical disease on the blood parameters of companion rabbits, or on the use of blood tests as diagnostic and prognostic indicators. An intestinal isoenzyme is quite abundant, so serum ALP concentrations are actually the sum of these 3 isoenzymes, which may explain why many reference ranges are vague and wide and why raised ALP levels in clinically healthy animals are a common finding. Azotemia is also indicative of renal disease, usually affecting the rabbit patient in association with hyperkalemia or hypokalemia, hypercalcemia and coexisting hyperphosphatemia, nonregenerative anemia, and isostenuric urine. Blood urea levels below the reference range indicate hepatic insufficiency or muscle mass loss (e.g., dental disease). Hyperphosphatemia usually indicates chronic kidney failure (a loss of more than 80% of nephrons) given that serum phosphorus levels are normalized by compensatory mechanisms in early-onset renal disease. cache = ./cache/cord-312418-e4g5u1nz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-312418-e4g5u1nz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-027659-rxbo7b0e author = Bates, Imelda title = Blood Transfusion date = 2020-06-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4169 sentences = 211 flesch = 49 summary = Hospital-based transfusion services place an enormous burden on laboratory resources and on the families of patients because they are responsible for fi nding suitable blood donors. 2 In wealthy countries with nationally or regionally centralized transfusion services, blood donor recruitment, and screening and processing of donated blood, are carried out in purpose-built centres which are separate from the hospitals where the blood is transfused. Infections with organisms that are common in tropical countries, such as HIV-1 and -2, hepatitis A, B, C and D, cytomegalovirus, syphilis, lyme borreliosis, malaria, babesiosis, American trypanosomiasis (Chagas' disease) and toxoplasmosis, can all be acquired through blood transfusions. Further research to assess the risks and benefi ts of screening blood for malaria is needed, particularly in relation to pregnant women and patients with HIV infection. cache = ./cache/cord-027659-rxbo7b0e.txt txt = ./txt/cord-027659-rxbo7b0e.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006039-vbq9izw3 author = Coban, Cevayir title = Tissue-specific immunopathology during malaria infection date = 2018-01-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8937 sentences = 408 flesch = 40 summary = In this Review, we emphasize the need to focus on host interactions with Plasmodium parasites at various tissue levels and the importance of targeting local and specific organ failure and/or pathologies during, as well as long after, infection. Overall, while the process of sequestration is not completely understood, it is known to cause obstruction of blood flow in small capillaries and post-capillary venules (PCVs), endothelial cell activation and inflammation and severe pathology in many organs including lung, adipose tissue, spleen and brain 52, 53, 65, 66 (FIG. This unique brain pathology, known as cerebral malaria, involves convulsions, coma and high fever and develops with the presence of mostly ring-stage infected erythrocytes in the periphery (suggesting a sequestration of late-stage parasites in the organs) [69] [70] [71] . Malaria is a serious disease with acute life-threatening and long-term complications, all of which can be attributed to local but specific organs in which Plasmodium Figure 4 | Infected red blood cells in gut and bone marrow niches. cache = ./cache/cord-006039-vbq9izw3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006039-vbq9izw3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-294684-wfsdjs1f author = Vesnaver, Elisabeth title = Barriers and enablers to source plasma donation by gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men under revised eligibility criteria: protocol for a multiple stakeholder feasibility study date = 2020-11-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6755 sentences = 329 flesch = 47 summary = In anticipation of a move to behaviour-based donation screening for gbMSM in Canada, we aim to assess the acceptability of and perceived barriers and enablers to source plasma donation using revised screening criteria for gbMSM among key stakeholders to inform policy implementation strategies. Key informant interviews and surveys will be rooted in the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify modifiable factors associated with source plasma donation motives in gbMSM and training needs in donation centre staff. Given the historical backdrop of the decades of exclusion of sexually active gbMSM from blood donation, this study has the potential not only to inform a process and policy for gbMSM to donate source plasma, a blood product, but also offers opportunities for new relationships between these knowledge users. This mixed-methods feasibility study will explore the views of gbMSM and donor centre staff regarding source plasma donation and eligibility criteria to better understand the modifiable barriers and enablers to implementing revised eligibility criteria. cache = ./cache/cord-294684-wfsdjs1f.txt txt = ./txt/cord-294684-wfsdjs1f.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006226-fn7zlutj author = nan title = Abstracts of the 4th annual meeting of the German Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy: Hannover, 14–17 September 1994 date = 1994 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 25050 sentences = 1344 flesch = 50 summary = The following were analysed: heart rate (HR, bpm), pre-ejection time (PEP, ms), ejection time (VET, ms), HR-corrected electromechanical systole (QS2c, ms), impedance-cardiographic estimates of stroke volume (SV, ml), cardiac output (CO, I/min) and peripheral resistance (TPR, dyn.s.cm -5) calculated from CO and mean blood pressure (SBP and DBP according to auscultatory Korotkoff-I and -IV sounds This indicates that 1) about half the rise of HR and CO and half the shortening of PEP is 131-respectively 1~2-determined, 2) that predominant 132-adrenergic responses, whilst not affecting VET, take optimal benefit from the inodilatory enhancement of pump performance, 3) that an additional 131-adrenergic stimulation is proportionally less efficient, as VET is dramatically shortened, thus blunting the gain in SV so that the rise in CO relies substantially on the amplified increase of HR and 4), VET is more sensitive than QS2c in expressing additional 131-adrenoceptor agonism and 5) prime systolic time intervals provide a less speculative and physiologically more meaningful represenation of cardiac pump dynamics than HR-corrected ones. cache = ./cache/cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-278032-27ikx97x author = GÖKER, Hakan title = The effects of blood group types on the risk of COVID-19 infection and its clinical outcome date = 2020-06-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2134 sentences = 112 flesch = 57 summary = The aim of this study is to investigate whether there exists a relationship between the blood groups of the patients and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Few studies on SARS-CoV-1 demonstrated that there exists a relationship between infection risk and the blood types and that the blood group O was somewhat protective against the SARS-CoV-1 [5, 6] . The aim of this study is to investigate the distribution and relationship between the blood groups amongst the COVID-19 patients and their clinical outcomes at a referral university hospital. The present study included 207 patients who were followed at Hacettepe University School of Medicine Hospitals between 10/03/2020 and 05/05/2020 with the COVID-19 infection who were positive for the SARS-CoV-2 RNA test through PCR from the nasopharyngeal swab, and who were approached in accordance with the treatment guidelines of the Turkish Ministry of Health. cache = ./cache/cord-278032-27ikx97x.txt txt = ./txt/cord-278032-27ikx97x.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-004133-32w6g7qk author = Walker, Faye M. title = Advances in Directly Amplifying Nucleic Acids from Complex Samples date = 2019-09-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 13585 sentences = 664 flesch = 42 summary = Studies were included if they involved direct amplification and detection of genetic material from one of six representative sample types: blood, dried blood spot, serum and plasma, saliva and sputum, swabs, urine, and stool. However, it is important to note that the sensitivity does not necessarily suffer in much more concentrated samples-in Liu et al.'s highly robust two-step amplification process with direct hairpin assembly and HCR-based detection of SNP DNA sequences in 50% (v/v) serum, they achieved a very low LOD of 100 pg [119] . However, it is important to note that the sensitivity does not necessarily suffer in much more concentrated samples-in Liu et al.'s highly robust two-step amplification process with direct hairpin assembly and HCR-based detection of SNP DNA sequences in 50% (v/v) serum, they achieved a very low LOD of 100 pg [119] . cache = ./cache/cord-004133-32w6g7qk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-004133-32w6g7qk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-354640-5p79qpok author = Taylor, Kirk A. title = Blood and Bone: The quarantine chronicles date = 2020-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1952 sentences = 106 flesch = 61 summary = In this forum, we reflect on a series that allowed global scientists to come together to help shape chaos into an opportunity for community and growth. Using this technology of live information sharing and streaming talks via Zoom and YouTube meant that we were able to reach an even wider audience than a traditional conference; this came with its own particular set of advantages and drawbacks. "Reading" a virtual room can be challenging, but not having audience videos meant that the system was capable of handling large viewing figures (up to 1000), and most talks attracted more attendees and engagement than a traditional conference presentation. Apart from the practicalities of time zones, to increase diversity of both speakers and attendees, conferences must be safe spaces that confront discrimination. Dr Machlus may have had the idea and sent that first email, but it was the hematopoiesis and hemostasis/thrombosis communities that brought the Blood and Bone seminar to life. cache = ./cache/cord-354640-5p79qpok.txt txt = ./txt/cord-354640-5p79qpok.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-277535-u283k70i author = Vaja, Rakesh title = Drugs and the liver date = 2020-09-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4012 sentences = 239 flesch = 49 summary = Additionally, drugs can also modify how the liver functions and cause dysfunction or even failure of the organ both by a direct effect on the liver or by alteration in liver blood flow. Furthermore, once a patient has been recognized to be suffering with liver dysfunction or failure drug choice and dosing regime will need to be rationalized. After reading this article you should: C understand the mechanisms of drug metabolism by the liver C have an appreciation of alterations to drug choice and dosing regimens in patients with liver disease due to their altered pharmacokinetics C know the management of a patient with paracetamol overdose There are many different isoforms of CYP450, classified according to their amino acid sequencing into families, subfamilies and individual genes. NSAIDS are contraindicated for systemic use in most liver disease patients, because of increased bioavalibilty, the high risk of precipitating gastrointestinal bleeding and renal failure. cache = ./cache/cord-277535-u283k70i.txt txt = ./txt/cord-277535-u283k70i.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-016871-1mlamf20 author = Streiff, Agathe title = Hemorrhage and Transfusions in the Surgical Patient date = 2012-10-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9056 sentences = 429 flesch = 46 summary = In acutely bleeding patients, massive transfusion protocols are often activated in order to ef fi caciously restore blood volume and hemostasis and thawed plasma is critical to their success [ 5, 6 ] . DCR is also supported by fi ndings from the US Army's Institute of Surgical Research, which demonstrated improvement in outcomes in severely bleeding patients who were transfused in ratios of products similar to whole blood. However, some groups have shown that those patients receiving less than massive transfusion levels may still bene fi t from higher plasma to red blood cell ratios [ 20 ] . Silver et al.'s randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigated the role of epoetin alfa, a recombinant erythropoietin, in reducing the RBC transfusion requirement of long-term acute care patients, thereby reducing risks associated with transfusions [ 29 ] . cache = ./cache/cord-016871-1mlamf20.txt txt = ./txt/cord-016871-1mlamf20.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-026031-hnf5vayd author = Ford, Richard B. title = Emergency Care date = 2009-05-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 112343 sentences = 6645 flesch = 44 summary = Fresh whole blood Coagulopathy with active hemorrhage (disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombocytopenia; massive acute hemorrhage; no stored blood available) Stored whole blood Massive acute or ongoing hemorrhage; hypovolemic shock caused by hemorrhage that is unresponsive to conventional crystalloid and colloid fluid therapy; unavailability of equipment required to prepare blood components Packed red blood cells Nonregenerative anemia, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, correction of anemia before surgery, acute or chronic blood loss Fresh frozen plasma Factor depletion associated with active hemorrhage (congenital: von Willebrand's factor, hemophilia A, hemophilia B; acquired: vitamin K antagonist, rodenticide intoxication, DIC); acute or chronic hypoproteinemia (burns, wound exudates, body cavity effusion; hepatic, renal, or gastrointestinal loss); colostrum replacement in neonates Frozen plasma Acute plasma or protein loss; chronic hypoproteinemia; (contains stable colostrum replacement in neonates; hemophilia B and clotting factors) selected clotting factor deficiencies Platelet-rich plasma* Thrombocytopenia with active hemorrhage (immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, DIC); platelet function abnormality (congenital: thrombasthenia in Bassett hounds; acquired: NSAIDs, other drugs) Cryoprecipitate cache = ./cache/cord-026031-hnf5vayd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-026031-hnf5vayd.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-217663-3g2j9tnk author = Li, Na title = A decision integration strategy for short-term demand forecasting and ordering for red blood cell components date = 2020-08-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7933 sentences = 463 flesch = 54 summary = We combine ideas from statistical time series modeling, machine learning, and operations research in developing an ordering decision strategy for RBCs, through integrating a hybrid demand forecasting model using clinical predictors and a data-driven multi-period inventory problem considering inventory and reorder constraints. The proposed integrated methodology achieves three goals: i) a more accurate forecasting method that reflects the actual RBC demand at hospital blood banks, which increases the transparency between CBS and hospital blood banks; ii) a leaner and fresher inventory at hospital blood banks, which may correlate with better patient outcomes; iii) a simpler ordering strategy that requires less frequent orders on scheduled 2 Throughout this paper, the terms "wastage" and "waste" are all referring to the blood products wasted due to expiration. Mean (sd) of days of inventory on hand (DOH), age (days) of blood prior to transfusion, and daily number of units in-stock, as well as wastage rate by year in Hamilton hospital blood banks Challenge 2: Large variation of the differences between ordered quantity and actual demand. cache = ./cache/cord-217663-3g2j9tnk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-217663-3g2j9tnk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-026021-b8vtmr9h author = Hohenhaus, Ann E. title = Blood Transfusion and Blood Substitutes date = 2011-06-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12690 sentences = 758 flesch = 52 summary = A plasma transfusion counteracts the anticoagulant effects of rodenticide intoxication in one dog, and red blood cells from the same donor provides enhanced oxygen-carrying capacity in a second, anemic dog. Whole blood contains red blood cells, clotting factors, proteins, and platelets and is the product most commonly transfused into dogs and cats. With the identification of a new red blood cell antigen in both dogs and cats, recommendations for appropriate compatibility testing before the first transfusion are a currently being revaluated. 5, 37, 40, 132 The best example of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction in veterinary medicine is the administration of type A red blood cells to a type B cat. Crossmatching does not prevent sensitization to red blood cell antigens, which may result in a hemolytic reaction during future transfusions because it detects only antibodies that are currently present in the donor or recipient. cache = ./cache/cord-026021-b8vtmr9h.txt txt = ./txt/cord-026021-b8vtmr9h.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022561-rv5j1201 author = Boes, Katie M. title = Bone Marrow, Blood Cells, and the Lymphoid/Lymphatic System date = 2017-02-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 52276 sentences = 2784 flesch = 39 summary = Mechanisms contributing to glucocorticoid-mediated neutrophilia include the following: • Increased release of mature neutrophils from the bone marrow storage pool • Decreased margination of neutrophils within the vasculature, with a resulting increase in the circulating pool • Decreased migration of neutrophils from the bloodstream into tissues The magnitude of neutrophilia tends to be species dependent, with dogs having the most pronounced response (up to 35,000 cells/µL) and in decreasing order of responsiveness, cats (30,000 cells/µL), horses (20,000 cells/µL), and cattle (15,000 cells/µL) having less marked responses. As a result, animals with Chédiak-Higashi 746.e1 CHAPTER 13 Bone Marrow, Blood Cells, and the Lymphoid/Lymphatic System von Willebrand disease (vWD) is the most common canine hereditary bleeding disorder and has also been described in many other domestic species. cache = ./cache/cord-022561-rv5j1201.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022561-rv5j1201.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-312580-r57rkrya author = Harcourt-Brown, Frances title = Chapter 6 Clinical pathology date = 2002-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12627 sentences = 822 flesch = 51 summary = (1982) analysed the haematolog-• Rabbit blood clots quickly and haemolyses easily • Food deprivation does not guarantee a fasting blood sample as rabbits ingest caecotrophs • Stress associated with transport or handling can affect parameters such as blood glucose and the distribution of neutrophils and lymphocytes • Pregnancy, anaesthesia, blood collection techniques and intravenous fluid therapy will influence some blood results • Time of day can influence blood results as many parameters follow a duirnal rhythm in common with many physiological processes in rabbits • Laboratory reference ranges are often derived from animals of the same breed and strain. In two studies by Krueger (1988, 1989) controlled experimental infections with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans resulted in fever, increased plasma cortisol concentrations, neutrophilia and lymphopaenia but no significant increase in total white blood cell count. cache = ./cache/cord-312580-r57rkrya.txt txt = ./txt/cord-312580-r57rkrya.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-281990-x5nql0cw author = Liu, Y. title = Association between epidemic dynamics of Covid-19 infection and ABO blood group types date = 2020-07-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3601 sentences = 192 flesch = 55 summary = Growth rate and doubling time of infection and death cases, reproductive number, infection and death cases in the mid-exponential phase were analyzed in relation to blood type distribution. Discussion: Covid-19 infection is significantly associated with blood type distribution and people with blood type A are more susceptible to Covid-19 infection and have higher epidemic dynamics and higher case fatality rate. This study sought to investigate the relationship between the distribution of blood group types and the epidemic dynamics of Covid-19 infection based on analyses of big data that cover worldwide population majority. We thus conducted this study based on the worldwide available big data trying to ascertain an association between the distribution of blood types and Covid-19 infection dynamics. . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.12.20152074 doi: medRxiv preprint Figure 3 Comparison of the Covid-19 infection epidemic dynamics between higher and lower blood type A population. cache = ./cache/cord-281990-x5nql0cw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-281990-x5nql0cw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-284893-qi6dkcb3 author = Wilson, Kumanan title = Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and the Canadian blood system after the tainted blood tragedy date = 2006-10-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6797 sentences = 297 flesch = 46 summary = The objective of our overall study was to understand and compare the decision-making processes concerning two Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease-related decisions: a 1995 withdrawal of blood products from a classical CJD donor and a 1999 decision to defer donations from individuals who had traveled to the United Kingdom for 6 months during the peak of the BSE outbreak (1980) (1981) (1982) (1983) (1984) (1985) (1986) (1987) (1988) (1989) (1990) (1991) (1992) (1993) (1994) (1995) (1996) . In Canada three pieces of information played an important role in influencing the decision-making process leading to the donor deferral decision: (1) the risk of transmission of vCJD via blood products, (2) the impact of donor deferral on the blood supply, and (3) the degree of reduction in the blood supply the blood system could sustain. cache = ./cache/cord-284893-qi6dkcb3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-284893-qi6dkcb3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005646-xhx9pzhj author = nan title = 2nd World Congress on Pediatric Intensive Care 1996 Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 23–26 June 1996 Abstracts of Oral Presentations, Posters and Nursing Programme date = 1996 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 72031 sentences = 4734 flesch = 56 summary = Aims and methods The aim of both a prospective and retrospective survey conducted in German pediatric intensive care units in 1993 was to accumulate data on the epidemiology, risk factors, natural history and treatment strategies in a large group of pediatric ARDS patients who were treated in the tt~ee year period from 1991 to 1993.All patients had acute bilateral alveolar infiltration of noncardiogenic origin and a pO2~iO2 ratio < 150mmHg. The influence of sex, underlying disease and single organ failure was analyzed using the Fischer's exact test, the influence of additional organ failure on mortality was tested with the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszet statistics. cache = ./cache/cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-280480-djv7pc3m author = Jägers, Johannes title = Perfluorocarbon-based oxygen carriers: from physics to physiology date = 2020-11-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6217 sentences = 342 flesch = 47 summary = Extensive research created stable PFC nano-emulsions that avoid (i) fast clearance from the blood and (ii) long organ retention time, which leads to undesired transient side effects. By linking the unique properties of PFCs and PFOCs to physiology, it elaborates on the response, processing and dysregulation, which the body experiences through intravascular PFOCs. Thereby the reader will receive a scientific and easily comprehensible overview why PFOCs are precious tools for so many diverse application areas from cancer therapeutics to blood substitutes up to organ preservation and diving disease. This emulsification paved the way to using PFCs as oxygen carriers in physiological systems by developing a way to allow the addition of, e.g., water-soluble nutrients and pharmaceuticals. Even though these first-generation PFC-based oxygen carriers (PFOCs) showed major physiological side effects, the main reason for stopping the clinical trials in the 1990s was the insufficient shelf life [36, 51, 101] . cache = ./cache/cord-280480-djv7pc3m.txt txt = ./txt/cord-280480-djv7pc3m.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-306881-wrd2rhjz author = Gehrie, Eric title = Transfusion Service Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-06-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3296 sentences = 140 flesch = 44 summary = In this article, we highlight "best practices" that have emerged during the pandemic, focusing on management of blood supply and blood bank operations, rapid incorporation of COVID-19 convalescent plasma into blood bank inventory, and changes to the approach to the patient requiring therapeutic apheresis. Extrapolation from previous experience with SARS-CoV, Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome, and influenza, and with the strong backing of statements by AABB, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as well as the preliminary experience of other areas that were afflicted by COVID-19 prior to its wide spread in the United States, blood bankers were able to convince most stakeholders that the true risk to the blood supply was not SARS-CoV-2 itself, but rather social distancing practices resulting in an interruption to the critically needed blood supply. cache = ./cache/cord-306881-wrd2rhjz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-306881-wrd2rhjz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-304437-ezqghyid author = Palmieri, Tina L. title = Children are not little adults: blood transfusion in children with burn injury date = 2017-08-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3886 sentences = 218 flesch = 46 summary = Children in particular have a different physiology than adults, which needs to be considered prior to transfusing blood and blood products. This article describes the physiologic differences between children and adults in general and after burn injury and describes how these differences impact blood transfusion practices in children. This article will discuss how differences in the physiologic, hematologic, metabolic, and immunologic systems in burned children impact blood transfusion requirements. Hyperkalemia has been associated with cardiac arrest during large blood volume transfusions intraoperatively in children and infants receiving exchange transfusions [9, 10] . 2. Cardiac function, mean blood volume, and normal hemoglobin levels are age-dependent in children; hence, children have a higher blood transfusion/unit volume ratio. Transfusion-related graft-versus-host reaction, in which the lymphocytes in the transfused blood cause host cell destruction, occurs primarily in immunocompromised patients and has been reported in neonates and immunocompromised children [25] [26] [27] [28] . cache = ./cache/cord-304437-ezqghyid.txt txt = ./txt/cord-304437-ezqghyid.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023168-cd7adns8 author = Thachil, Jecko title = Haematological Diseases in the Tropics date = 2013-10-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 30224 sentences = 1724 flesch = 44 summary = The most useful laboratory measure of iron status Low value is diagnostic in the presence of anaemia Very high values (>100 µg/L) usually exclude iron deficiency' Being an acute-phase protein, it increases in inflammatory conditions, and certain malignancies, making it unreliable Also increased in tissue damage especially of the liver Levels are falsely decreased in vitamin C deficiency and hypothyroidism Erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin An intermediate in haem biosynthesis and elevated concentrations indicate interrupted haem synthesis due to iron deficiency when zinc is incorporated in place of iron Can be measured on a drop of blood with a portable haematofluorometer Small sample size makes it very useful as a screening test in field surveys, particularly in children, and pregnant women where inflammatory states may not co-exist Red cells should be washed before measurement (serum bilirubin and fluorescent compounds like some drugs can give falsely high values) although not often done Lead poisoning can give falsely high values Rarely acute myeloid leukaemia and sideroblastic anaemia give slightly high values Useful in that it is not increased in thalassaemias WHO recommends normal level >70 µmol/mol haem Iron studies Serum iron concentration represents the iron entering and leaving the circulation. cache = ./cache/cord-023168-cd7adns8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023168-cd7adns8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318792-psw8bs17 author = Lee, Jaewon title = Lab on a chip for in situ diagnosis: From blood to point of care date = 2013-08-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4958 sentences = 270 flesch = 42 summary = For this purpose, blood microscale sampling, blood separation, immunochemical assay, and detection (optical and electrical), and communication to personal device (such as smart phones or PC) are the essentially required processes (Fig. 1) . Sampling of blood and body fluid using microfluidic technology has emerged in recent few decades, and such methods allowed for diagnosis with small amount of sample, and with more accuracy. This type of immunoassays is usually done on electrophoresis-based microchips, and requires many concentration strategies to stack the target analytes for detection and measurements [28] . Optical immune-sensing is the simplest and highly popular method among the immunoassay methods, and several labels (e.g., a fluorescent label, enzyme, or metallic particle) facilitate optical signal enhancement and increase detection sensitivity. Microfluidic chip for blood cell separation and collection based on crossflow filtration cache = ./cache/cord-318792-psw8bs17.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318792-psw8bs17.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-294241-11abmmyl author = Jersild, C. title = Blood Transfusion Services date = 2008-08-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3306 sentences = 149 flesch = 40 summary = Blood transfusion services are an important part of the health-care system since blood transfusion is required in a number of frequently occurring clinical situations: Major surgical procedures, including treatment of trauma patients; obstetric care with major bleeding during child birth; and treatment of several medical diseases, especially hematological diseases. Blood transfusion service is an organization which deals with various aspects of the blood transfusion chain, from the potential donor (information and selection of donors, blood collection, blood testing, blood processing, blood storage, blood transportation) to the potential recipient (selection and distribution of appropriate components for transfusion), and should link to the clinical interface or administration of blood and patient follow-up. WHO-integrated strategy for blood safety recommends nationally coordinated blood services with quality systems functional in all areas and a blood supply based on voluntary nonremunerated blood donors from low-risk populations that is appropriately tested (100% for blood-borne pathogens, blood grouping, and compatibility testing), processed, stored, and distributed, as well as adequately used at the hospital site (alternatives to transfusion should be available), including posttransfusion follow-up. cache = ./cache/cord-294241-11abmmyl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-294241-11abmmyl.txt ===== Reducing email addresses cord-017948-fqhl1qb4 cord-005646-xhx9pzhj Creating transaction Updating adr table ===== Reducing keywords cord-005814-ak5pq312 cord-010088-s9tfvtao cord-018414-6ffhm895 cord-006391-esnsa4u5 cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 cord-005497-w81ysjf9 cord-281003-7pdhxdzc cord-274061-ynqxgyw6 cord-299422-s5evsj96 cord-023168-cd7adns8 cord-261788-f728j3bb cord-015941-4fz79wzf cord-312418-e4g5u1nz cord-016248-dxk0i6t7 cord-026021-b8vtmr9h cord-010772-e7kfe87q cord-003974-cr6omr9l cord-017248-a37t31u1 cord-280480-djv7pc3m cord-354640-5p79qpok cord-217663-3g2j9tnk cord-318792-psw8bs17 cord-023354-f2ciho6o cord-278032-27ikx97x cord-269839-jxqs51o5 cord-006039-vbq9izw3 cord-023528-z9rc0ubj cord-304437-ezqghyid cord-102668-1yc38ok1 cord-344131-e7phs0jd cord-004133-32w6g7qk cord-294684-wfsdjs1f cord-027659-rxbo7b0e cord-327139-u5rzp2h4 cord-022561-rv5j1201 cord-026031-hnf5vayd cord-277535-u283k70i cord-026559-xx52u01h cord-016871-1mlamf20 cord-317250-a5ni1s9e cord-308614-gsgntf4c cord-010092-uftc8inx cord-018809-3nrvm4jt cord-009417-458rrhcm cord-284893-qi6dkcb3 cord-294241-11abmmyl cord-329176-av4qhu4f cord-252273-mykwzlsu cord-278174-znc99yos cord-345679-ydwcp75s cord-017946-fa4ehlb0 cord-022474-xxy83c6u cord-317383-uqg0xwdw cord-016815-pva22xy7 cord-022035-annn4qn1 cord-006226-fn7zlutj cord-318598-pzlf2zpc cord-323906-ro078y52 cord-306798-f28264k3 cord-306881-wrd2rhjz cord-032181-gmcugd8h cord-349803-tsjgypy5 cord-023095-4dannjjm cord-006860-a3b8hyyr cord-281990-x5nql0cw cord-010119-t1x9gknd cord-331289-02411gfv cord-312580-r57rkrya cord-315293-kng4z4kf cord-339705-x8l3zgfd cord-302690-0v7ne7vi cord-315077-i1xjcuae cord-347890-kx5vka0o cord-012354-2f5oq9e5 cord-023364-ut56gczm cord-015126-cyhcbk1j cord-350224-dt3li3bk cord-280379-1o9tzwjg cord-273388-615acz0l cord-291644-5y0ioety cord-294585-dl5v9p50 cord-310254-ko1sptzm cord-015021-pol2qm74 cord-335733-u1g03s2y cord-271485-a1633xxe cord-005646-xhx9pzhj cord-017948-fqhl1qb4 Creating transaction Updating wrd table ===== Reducing urls cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 cord-023364-ut56gczm cord-354640-5p79qpok cord-010092-uftc8inx cord-010088-s9tfvtao cord-004133-32w6g7qk cord-350224-dt3li3bk cord-306798-f28264k3 cord-280480-djv7pc3m cord-269839-jxqs51o5 cord-023168-cd7adns8 cord-281990-x5nql0cw cord-023354-f2ciho6o cord-010119-t1x9gknd cord-331289-02411gfv cord-010772-e7kfe87q cord-329176-av4qhu4f cord-315293-kng4z4kf cord-310254-ko1sptzm Creating transaction Updating url table ===== Reducing named entities cord-016248-dxk0i6t7 cord-323906-ro078y52 cord-312580-r57rkrya cord-009417-458rrhcm cord-004133-32w6g7qk cord-315293-kng4z4kf cord-350224-dt3li3bk cord-017946-fa4ehlb0 cord-006391-esnsa4u5 cord-312418-e4g5u1nz cord-023364-ut56gczm cord-252273-mykwzlsu cord-102668-1yc38ok1 cord-294585-dl5v9p50 cord-280379-1o9tzwjg cord-017248-a37t31u1 cord-006226-fn7zlutj cord-284893-qi6dkcb3 cord-339705-x8l3zgfd cord-023168-cd7adns8 cord-280480-djv7pc3m cord-273388-615acz0l cord-022561-rv5j1201 cord-299422-s5evsj96 cord-023095-4dannjjm cord-294684-wfsdjs1f cord-271485-a1633xxe cord-317383-uqg0xwdw cord-006860-a3b8hyyr cord-278174-znc99yos cord-317250-a5ni1s9e cord-327139-u5rzp2h4 cord-005497-w81ysjf9 cord-261788-f728j3bb cord-318598-pzlf2zpc cord-026031-hnf5vayd cord-026559-xx52u01h cord-006039-vbq9izw3 cord-003974-cr6omr9l cord-278032-27ikx97x cord-281990-x5nql0cw cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 cord-318792-psw8bs17 cord-277535-u283k70i cord-349803-tsjgypy5 cord-331289-02411gfv cord-345679-ydwcp75s cord-294241-11abmmyl cord-304437-ezqghyid cord-291644-5y0ioety cord-310254-ko1sptzm cord-015941-4fz79wzf cord-032181-gmcugd8h cord-010092-uftc8inx cord-018809-3nrvm4jt cord-217663-3g2j9tnk cord-335733-u1g03s2y cord-018414-6ffhm895 cord-010088-s9tfvtao cord-354640-5p79qpok cord-023354-f2ciho6o cord-012354-2f5oq9e5 cord-269839-jxqs51o5 cord-306881-wrd2rhjz cord-026021-b8vtmr9h cord-015021-pol2qm74 cord-274061-ynqxgyw6 cord-306798-f28264k3 cord-281003-7pdhxdzc cord-308614-gsgntf4c cord-329176-av4qhu4f cord-015126-cyhcbk1j cord-005646-xhx9pzhj cord-016871-1mlamf20 cord-010119-t1x9gknd cord-315077-i1xjcuae cord-005814-ak5pq312 cord-022474-xxy83c6u cord-027659-rxbo7b0e cord-022035-annn4qn1 cord-302690-0v7ne7vi cord-023528-z9rc0ubj cord-017948-fqhl1qb4 cord-010772-e7kfe87q cord-347890-kx5vka0o cord-344131-e7phs0jd cord-016815-pva22xy7 Creating transaction Updating ent table ===== Reducing parts of speech cord-252273-mykwzlsu cord-003974-cr6omr9l cord-291644-5y0ioety cord-329176-av4qhu4f cord-315293-kng4z4kf cord-331289-02411gfv cord-273388-615acz0l cord-294684-wfsdjs1f cord-335733-u1g03s2y cord-278032-27ikx97x cord-004133-32w6g7qk cord-306881-wrd2rhjz cord-012354-2f5oq9e5 cord-277535-u283k70i cord-274061-ynqxgyw6 cord-006039-vbq9izw3 cord-006226-fn7zlutj cord-022035-annn4qn1 cord-354640-5p79qpok cord-017948-fqhl1qb4 cord-217663-3g2j9tnk cord-261788-f728j3bb cord-304437-ezqghyid cord-006391-esnsa4u5 cord-317383-uqg0xwdw cord-026559-xx52u01h cord-015941-4fz79wzf cord-009417-458rrhcm cord-344131-e7phs0jd cord-347890-kx5vka0o cord-278174-znc99yos cord-318598-pzlf2zpc cord-015126-cyhcbk1j cord-308614-gsgntf4c cord-318792-psw8bs17 cord-010772-e7kfe87q cord-294585-dl5v9p50 cord-271485-a1633xxe cord-284893-qi6dkcb3 cord-027659-rxbo7b0e cord-017946-fa4ehlb0 cord-323906-ro078y52 cord-327139-u5rzp2h4 cord-281003-7pdhxdzc cord-016871-1mlamf20 cord-339705-x8l3zgfd cord-018414-6ffhm895 cord-016815-pva22xy7 cord-294241-11abmmyl cord-280480-djv7pc3m cord-317250-a5ni1s9e cord-010088-s9tfvtao cord-102668-1yc38ok1 cord-302690-0v7ne7vi cord-345679-ydwcp75s cord-023528-z9rc0ubj cord-006860-a3b8hyyr cord-281990-x5nql0cw cord-312418-e4g5u1nz cord-299422-s5evsj96 cord-032181-gmcugd8h cord-310254-ko1sptzm cord-269839-jxqs51o5 cord-018809-3nrvm4jt cord-026031-hnf5vayd cord-349803-tsjgypy5 cord-306798-f28264k3 cord-016248-dxk0i6t7 cord-315077-i1xjcuae cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 cord-280379-1o9tzwjg cord-026021-b8vtmr9h cord-350224-dt3li3bk cord-022474-xxy83c6u cord-023168-cd7adns8 cord-312580-r57rkrya cord-023364-ut56gczm cord-022561-rv5j1201 cord-017248-a37t31u1 cord-005646-xhx9pzhj cord-015021-pol2qm74 cord-023095-4dannjjm cord-005814-ak5pq312 cord-005497-w81ysjf9 cord-023354-f2ciho6o cord-010119-t1x9gknd cord-010092-uftc8inx Creating transaction Updating pos table Building ./etc/reader.txt cord-005497-w81ysjf9 cord-010119-t1x9gknd cord-005814-ak5pq312 cord-010092-uftc8inx cord-023364-ut56gczm cord-023354-f2ciho6o number of items: 87 sum of words: 2,564,785 average size in words: 29,480 average readability score: 48 nouns: blood; patients; transfusion; results; study; group; donors; cells; plasma; time; patient; cell; disease; platelet; treatment; samples; risk; methods; system; cases; data; days; levels; donor; ml; use; infection; test; dogs; therapy; analysis; units; groups; antibodies; day; method; control; liver; years; rate; number; age; studies; products; type; testing; level; hours; platelets; period verbs: used; increasing; included; showed; performed; following; compared; associated; found; reduce; caused; occurred; determine; based; decreased; require; develop; evaluated; treated; reporting; received; identify; detect; measured; tested; seen; provided; induce; observed; obtained; resulting; collected; give; made; improve; suggests; related; indicating; led; consider; aim; assessed; remains; investigating; taking; presented; needed; demonstrates; studied; prevents adjectives: clinical; anti; high; positive; significant; severe; red; acute; different; normal; low; higher; negative; first; non; specific; human; respiratory; pulmonary; common; whole; cardiac; new; important; mean; possible; present; available; total; lower; many; renal; small; medical; bacterial; large; chronic; major; effective; several; septic; similar; multiple; early; patient; single; due; arterial; immune; surgical adverbs: also; however; well; significantly; respectively; often; therefore; even; usually; especially; prior; previously; still; clinically; critically; recently; approximately; particularly; less; commonly; currently; frequently; highly; later; immediately; generally; now; directly; mainly; statistically; potentially; relatively; furthermore; least; first; rapidly; rather; almost; finally; alone; primarily; successfully; probably; fully; additionally; yet; initially; together; always; subsequently pronouns: we; it; our; their; its; they; i; them; he; one; her; she; his; us; you; your; itself; themselves; my; me; him; himself; s; ourselves; p210bcr; em; p24ag; irbcs; yourself; thee; p-450; oneself; igg4; aptt; ≥151; wi~; tv/; tnf~; tnfrt; thy; thier; thei; ta; t; srbcs; sglt2-inhibitors; rbcs/100; p~; pcr)-positive; p=0.0007 proper nouns: RBC; ICU; mg; C; Blood; HCV; kg; PCR; ABO; II; HIV; T; A; B; D; Hb; HBV; LPS; HLA; •; Background; L; Transfusion; Study; AE; TNF; RHD; Rh; S; University; Design; Hospital; Case; Studies; NAT; Summary; M; Conclusions; RNA; IV; ARDS; IL-6; Care; FFP; United; Group; PLT; G; I; ELISA keywords: blood; patient; transfusion; cell; study; result; group; dna; pcr; method; increase; donor; abo; platelet; hospital; hiv; hbv; disease; covid-19; level; hcv; day; test; rbc; nat; hla; sample; icu; effect; university; treatment; trali; rhd; high; ffp; dog; dat; cause; care; anti; animal; system; sars; rna; red; pulmonary; pressure; lps; liver; intensive one topic; one dimension: blood file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7101735/ titles(s): Abstracts 5(th) Tripartite Meeting Salzburg/Austria, September 9–11,1982 three topics; one dimension: blood; patients; blood file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169345/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095072/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271342/ titles(s): Abstract of 29th Regional Congress of the ISBT | Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches | Emergency Care five topics; three dimensions: blood transfusion patients; may blood dogs; patients group study; patients blood il; blood wine alcohol file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169716/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271342/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095534/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095072/, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-020-09891-w titles(s): Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 | Emergency Care | 8th European Congress of Intensive Care Medicine Athens - Greece, October 18–22, 1995 Abstracts | Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches | An association between fingerprint patterns with blood group and lifestyle based diseases: a review Type: cord title: keyword-blood-cord date: 2021-05-24 time: 21:14 username: emorgan patron: Eric Morgan email: emorgan@nd.edu input: keywords:blood ==== make-pages.sh htm files ==== make-pages.sh complex files ==== make-pages.sh named enities ==== making bibliographics id: cord-299422-s5evsj96 author: Abdollahi, Alireza title: The Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Vulnerability Association with ABO/Rh Blood Types date: 2020-05-23 words: 2909 sentences: 139 pages: flesch: 50 cache: ./cache/cord-299422-s5evsj96.txt txt: ./txt/cord-299422-s5evsj96.txt summary: CONCLUSION: Similar to several previous studies about other viral diseases'' association with ABO histo-blood groups, we have concluded that an individual''s ABO histo-blood group phenotype and his/her susceptibility to COVID-19 are indeed connected. Previous researches have proved the potential role of ABO blood groups on a host''s genetic susceptibility to various viral diseases such as influenza, Ebola, enteric viruses, and SARS-CoV infections (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) . In the present study, 397 COVID-19 patients and 500 normal controls were analyzed to evaluate the association of the ABO histo-blood group phenotypes with COVID-19 disease in the Iranian population. Further studies are required to determine the exact mechanism through which ABO blood group influences COVID-19 susceptibility, which could be helpful in patient management and disease control. However, our results were discordant regarding the ABO histo-blood antigens which make people susceptible to COVID-19 (AB versus A histo-blood group phenotype in Iran and China, respectively). abstract: BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the most recent emerging viral disease. Defining the epidemiological aspects and factors influencing the susceptibility of the patients to COVID-19 has been an ongoing struggle. In the present study, we have investigated the connection between ABO histo-blood group phenotypes and the COVID-19. METHODS: This study was conducted on 397 patients with confirmed diagnoses of COVID-19 admitted to our center. Also, 500 individuals were selected to form the controls, all of whom had been disclosed to the same medical center in June 2019, before the onset of the outbreak. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated ABO histo-blood phenotypes are correlated with patients’ susceptibility to the infection. A higher rate of infection was observed among patients with the AB histo-blood group, while patients with the O histo-blood group have shown a lower rate of infection. The Rh blood group phenotype was not statistically significant in determining a patient’s vulnerability. CONCLUSION: Similar to several previous studies about other viral diseases’ association with ABO histo-blood groups, we have concluded that an individual’s ABO histo-blood group phenotype and his/her susceptibility to COVID-19 are indeed connected. So far, only one research has been conducted about this association. Interestingly, while we observed a decreased vulnerability to the disease among patients with an O histo-blood group, we have reached discordant results regarding the increased susceptibility among individuals with an AB histo-blood group, unlike A histo-blood group in the previous study. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32754209/ doi: 10.30699/ijp.2020.125135.2367 id: cord-291644-5y0ioety author: Akiyama, Tomohiro title: The Natural-Mineral-Based Novel Nanomaterial IFMC Increases Intravascular Nitric Oxide without Its Intake: Implications for COVID-19 and beyond date: 2020-08-29 words: 5835 sentences: 306 pages: flesch: 45 cache: ./cache/cord-291644-5y0ioety.txt txt: ./txt/cord-291644-5y0ioety.txt summary: title: The Natural-Mineral-Based Novel Nanomaterial IFMC Increases Intravascular Nitric Oxide without Its Intake: Implications for COVID-19 and beyond Since the long-term continuous measurement of intravascular NO was impossible, complementary tests were conducted to determine whether IFMC could increase the surface temperature, blood flow rate, velocity and vessel diameter in the human body. The present study confirmed that the natural-mineral-based novel nanomaterial IFMC, with a size of tens of nanometres (Figure 1 ), could induce an increase of intravascular NO (Figure 3) , vasodilation (vessel diameter) and blood flow rate in a living body (Figure 4) , as well as an increase of the surface temperature of a hand including fingers ( Figure 5 ). To summarise, our inter-and trans-disciplinary approach revealed that the natural-mineral-based novel nanomaterial IFMC can induce an increase of intravascular NO, vasodilation and blood flow rate, as well as an increase of hand surface temperature in a living body. abstract: There are currently no promising therapy strategies for either the treatment or prevention of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), despite the urgent need. In addition to respiratory diseases, vascular complications are rapidly emerging as a key threat of COVID-19. Existing nitric oxide (NO) therapies have been shown to improve the vascular system; however, they have different limitations in terms of safety, usability and availability. In light of this, we hypothesise that a natural-mineral-based novel nanomaterial, which was developed based on NO therapy, might be a viable strategy for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19. The present study examined if it could induce an increase of intravascular NO, vasodilation and the consequent increase of blood flow rate and temperature in a living body. The intravascular NO concentration in the hepatic portal of rats was increased by 0.17 nM over 35.2 s on average after its application. An ultrasonic Doppler flow meter showed significant increases in the blood flow rate and vessel diameter, but no difference in the blood flow velocity. These were corroborated by measurements of human hand surface temperature. To our knowledge, this result is the first evidence where an increase of intravascular NO and vasodilation were induced by bringing a natural-mineral-based nanomaterial into contact with or close to a living body. The precise mechanisms remain a matter for further investigation; however, we may assume that endothelial NO synthase, haemoglobin and endothelium-derived hyperpolarising factor are deeply involved in the increase of intravascular NO. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32872395/ doi: 10.3390/nano10091699 id: cord-310254-ko1sptzm author: Attri, Bhawna title: Basal-Bolus Insulin Regimen for Hospitalised Patients with COVID-19 and Diabetes Mellitus: A Practical Approach date: 2020-07-18 words: 6392 sentences: 287 pages: flesch: 49 cache: ./cache/cord-310254-ko1sptzm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-310254-ko1sptzm.txt summary: The aim of this article is to provide a practical guidance for the use of the basal-bolus insulin regimen in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus. We provide a comprehensive review on the use of the basal-bolus insulin regimen, including its principles, rationale, indications, prerequisites, initiation, and dose titration, and also suggest targets for blood glucose control and different levels of capillary blood glucose monitoring. Various case scenarios are used to illustrate how optimal glucose control can be achieved, such as through adjustments in doses of prandial and basal insulin, the use of correctional insulin dosing and changes in the timing and content of major and minor meals. This review provides a practical guidance on the use of the basal-bolus insulin regimen in patients with diabetes mellitus hospitalised with COVID-19. abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has rapidly crossed international boundaries and placed increasing demands on healthcare facilities worldwide. Patients with diabetes and uncontrolled blood glucose levels are at increased risk for poor clinical outcomes and in-hospital mortality related to COVID-19. Therefore, achieving good glycaemic control is of paramount importance among hospitalised patients with COVID-19. Basal-bolus insulin therapy is a safe and effective intervention for the management of hyperglycaemia in hospitalised patients. The aim of this article is to provide a practical guidance for the use of the basal-bolus insulin regimen in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus. METHODS: This guidance document was formulated based on the review of available literature and the combined personal experiences of the authors. We provide a comprehensive review on the use of the basal-bolus insulin regimen, including its principles, rationale, indications, prerequisites, initiation, and dose titration, and also suggest targets for blood glucose control and different levels of capillary blood glucose monitoring. Various case scenarios are used to illustrate how optimal glucose control can be achieved, such as through adjustments in doses of prandial and basal insulin, the use of correctional insulin dosing and changes in the timing and content of major and minor meals. CONCLUSION: The practical guidance for the use of the basal-bolus insulin regimen in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus presented here can be used for patients admitted to hospital for indications other than COVID-19 and for those in ambulatory care. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s13300-020-00873-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32683660/ doi: 10.1007/s13300-020-00873-3 id: cord-327139-u5rzp2h4 author: Barrett, Claire L. title: Primary healthcare practitioners and patient blood management in Africa in the time of coronavirus disease 2019: Safeguarding the blood supply date: 2020-05-21 words: 1692 sentences: 106 pages: flesch: 56 cache: ./cache/cord-327139-u5rzp2h4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-327139-u5rzp2h4.txt summary: title: Primary healthcare practitioners and patient blood management in Africa in the time of coronavirus disease 2019: Safeguarding the blood supply Whilst commendable work has been performed in health disaster risk management in Africa, 2 and recommendations made on how to maintain the blood supply during infectious outbreaks and the COVID-19 pandemic, 3, 4 no recommendation can entirely safeguard the blood supply. By implementing principles of patient blood management, primary healthcare practitioners may play an important role in the resilience of the blood supply during the COVID-19 pandemic. By implementing principles of patient blood management, primary healthcare practitioners may play an important role in the resilience of the blood supply during the COVID-19 pandemic. If these principles are applied to all patients who receive primary healthcare during the pandemic, the blood supply may be safeguarded for those who need it most. abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted various weaknesses in global healthcare services. The blood supply in Africa is a critical element of the healthcare service that may be significantly affected by the pandemic. By implementing principles of patient blood management, primary healthcare practitioners may play an important role in the resilience of the blood supply during the COVID-19 pandemic. url: https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v12i1.2457 doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v12i1.2457 id: cord-027659-rxbo7b0e author: Bates, Imelda title: Blood Transfusion date: 2020-06-22 words: 4169 sentences: 211 pages: flesch: 49 cache: ./cache/cord-027659-rxbo7b0e.txt txt: ./txt/cord-027659-rxbo7b0e.txt summary: Hospital-based transfusion services place an enormous burden on laboratory resources and on the families of patients because they are responsible for fi nding suitable blood donors. 2 In wealthy countries with nationally or regionally centralized transfusion services, blood donor recruitment, and screening and processing of donated blood, are carried out in purpose-built centres which are separate from the hospitals where the blood is transfused. Infections with organisms that are common in tropical countries, such as HIV-1 and -2, hepatitis A, B, C and D, cytomegalovirus, syphilis, lyme borreliosis, malaria, babesiosis, American trypanosomiasis (Chagas'' disease) and toxoplasmosis, can all be acquired through blood transfusions. Further research to assess the risks and benefi ts of screening blood for malaria is needed, particularly in relation to pregnant women and patients with HIV infection. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7310926/ doi: 10.1016/b978-1-4160-4470-3.50018-5 id: cord-269839-jxqs51o5 author: Bitome-Essono, Paul-Yannick title: Tracking zoonotic pathogens using blood-sucking flies as ''flying syringes'' date: 2017-03-28 words: 5875 sentences: 319 pages: flesch: 57 cache: ./cache/cord-269839-jxqs51o5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-269839-jxqs51o5.txt summary: This study demonstrates that using hematophagous flies as ''flying syringes'' constitutes an interesting approach to investigate blood-borne pathogen diversity in wild vertebrates and could be used as an early detection tool of zoonotic pathogens. The omnipresence of hematophagous flies in certain habitats and their opportunistic blood-feeding behaviour (Muturi et al., 2011; Muzari et al., 2010; Späth, 2000) make of them compelling candidates to obtain blood meals from different vertebrate hosts for pathogen detection. In the present study, we investigated the possibility of using hematophagous flies as ''flying syringes'' to explore the diversity of extant malaria parasites (Haemosporida) infecting wild vertebrates living in the forests of Gabon (Central Africa). Overall, the blood meal origin was successfully identified in 428 fly samples (35%) using a PCR system amplifying long fragments of Cytb (450 bp) or COI genes (330 bp or 660 bp). In this study, we tested whether hematophagous flies could be used as ''flying syringes'' to identify blood-borne pathogens circulating in the wild vertebrate fauna of Gabon. abstract: About 60% of emerging infectious diseases in humans are of zoonotic origin. Their increasing number requires the development of new methods for early detection and monitoring of infectious agents in wildlife. Here, we investigated whether blood meals from hematophagous flies could be used to identify the infectious agents circulating in wild vertebrates. To this aim, 1230 blood-engorged flies were caught in the forests of Gabon. Identified blood meals (30%) were from 20 vertebrate species including mammals, birds and reptiles. Among them, 9% were infected by different extant malaria parasites among which some belonged to known parasite species, others to new parasite species or to parasite lineages for which only the vector was known. This study demonstrates that using hematophagous flies as ‘flying syringes’ constitutes an interesting approach to investigate blood-borne pathogen diversity in wild vertebrates and could be used as an early detection tool of zoonotic pathogens. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22069.001 url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28347401/ doi: 10.7554/elife.22069 id: cord-022561-rv5j1201 author: Boes, Katie M. title: Bone Marrow, Blood Cells, and the Lymphoid/Lymphatic System date: 2017-02-17 words: 52276 sentences: 2784 pages: flesch: 39 cache: ./cache/cord-022561-rv5j1201.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022561-rv5j1201.txt summary: Mechanisms contributing to glucocorticoid-mediated neutrophilia include the following: • Increased release of mature neutrophils from the bone marrow storage pool • Decreased margination of neutrophils within the vasculature, with a resulting increase in the circulating pool • Decreased migration of neutrophils from the bloodstream into tissues The magnitude of neutrophilia tends to be species dependent, with dogs having the most pronounced response (up to 35,000 cells/µL) and in decreasing order of responsiveness, cats (30,000 cells/µL), horses (20,000 cells/µL), and cattle (15,000 cells/µL) having less marked responses. As a result, animals with Chédiak-Higashi 746.e1 CHAPTER 13 Bone Marrow, Blood Cells, and the Lymphoid/Lymphatic System von Willebrand disease (vWD) is the most common canine hereditary bleeding disorder and has also been described in many other domestic species. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7158316/ doi: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35775-3.00013-8 id: cord-315077-i1xjcuae author: Branda, John A. title: Utilization management in microbiology date: 2014-01-01 words: 4117 sentences: 200 pages: flesch: 35 cache: ./cache/cord-315077-i1xjcuae.txt txt: ./txt/cord-315077-i1xjcuae.txt summary: The results of testing in the microbiology laboratory have significant effects on the cost of clinical care, especially costs related to antimicrobial agents and infection control practices. Consequently many of the successful utilization management interventions described in clinical microbiology have targeted not just the volume of tests performed in the laboratory, but also the downstream costs of care. In a number of cases, the initiative''s success arose not only from a reduction in laboratory testing per se, but rather also from its impact in the clinical care arena (for example, a reduction in antibiotic use or hospital length of length-of-stay). Each day, a microbiology fellow and laboratory director review the clinical history, culture results and susceptibility test results for all patients newly started on a carbapenem, to determine appropriate versus inappropriate use of the drugs. abstract: The available literature concerning utilization management in the clinical microbiology laboratory is relatively limited compared with that for high-volume, automated testing in the central Core Laboratory. However, the same strategies employed elsewhere in the clinical laboratory operation can be applied to utilization management challenges in microbiology, including decision support systems, application of evidence-based medicine, screening algorithms and gatekeeper functions. The results of testing in the microbiology laboratory have significant effects on the cost of clinical care, especially costs related to antimicrobial agents and infection control practices. Consequently many of the successful utilization management interventions described in clinical microbiology have targeted not just the volume of tests performed in the laboratory, but also the downstream costs of care. This article will review utilization management strategies in clinical microbiology, including specific examples from our institution and other healthcare organizations. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24080434/ doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.09.031 id: cord-302690-0v7ne7vi author: Chow, Clara K. title: Ultra-low-dose quadruple combination blood pressure lowering therapy in patients with hypertension: The QUARTET randomized controlled trial protocol() date: 2020-10-02 words: 5606 sentences: 309 pages: flesch: 56 cache: ./cache/cord-302690-0v7ne7vi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-302690-0v7ne7vi.txt summary: title: Ultra-low-dose quadruple combination blood pressure lowering therapy in patients with hypertension: The QUARTET randomized controlled trial protocol() The QUARTET (Quadruple UltrA-low-dose tReaTment for hypErTension) double-blind, active controlled, randomized clinical trial will examine whether ultra-low-dose quadruple combination therapy is more effective than guideline recommended standard care, in lowering blood pressure. The primary objective of the Quadruple UltrA-low-dose tReatment for hypErTension (QUARTET) trial is to examine 153 whether ultra-low-dose quadruple combination therapy (quadpill) is more effective than guideline recommended 154 therapy with an ARB plus a CCB if required in lowering blood pressure. Participants are 159 randomized in a 1:1 allocation ratio using a central computer-based service, to initial therapy with quadpill or to a 160 standard dose of an ARB, with a CCB added as required, as per current guideline recommendations ( Figure 1 ). Fixed low-dose triple combination antihypertensive medication vs usual 683 care for blood pressure control in patients with mild to moderate hypertension in sri lanka: A randomized 684 clinical trial abstract: High blood pressure is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality globally. Many patients remain on single-drug treatment with poor control although guidelines recognize that most require combination therapy for blood pressure control. Our hypothesis is that a single-pill combination of four blood pressure- lowering agents each at a quarter dose may provide a simple, safe and effective blood pressure lowering solution which may also improve long term-adherence. The QUARTET (Quadruple UltrA-low-dose tReaTment for hypErTension) double-blind, active controlled, randomized clinical trial will examine whether ultra-low-dose quadruple combination therapy is more effective than guideline recommended standard care, in lowering blood pressure. QUARTET will enroll 650 participants with high blood pressure, either on no treatment or on monotherapy. Participants will be randomized 1:1 and allocated to intervention therapy of a single pill (quadpill) containing irbesartan 37.5 mg, amlodipine 1.25 mg, indapamide 0.625 mg and bisoprolol 2.5 mg or to control therapy of a single identical appearing pill containing irbesartan 150 mg. In both arms step up therapy of open-label amlodipine 5 mg will be provided if BP is >140/90 at 6 weeks. The primary outcome is the difference between groups in the change from baseline in mean unattended automated office systolic blood pressure at 12 weeks follow-up. The primary outcome and some secondary outcomes will be assessed at 12 weeks, there is an optional 12 months extension phase to assess longer term efficacy and tolerability. Our secondary aims are to assess if this approach is safe, has fewer adverse effects and better tolerability compared to standard care control. QUARTET will therefore provide evidence for the effectiveness and safety of a new paradigm in the management of high blood pressure. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33017580/ doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2020.09.017 id: cord-006039-vbq9izw3 author: Coban, Cevayir title: Tissue-specific immunopathology during malaria infection date: 2018-01-15 words: 8937 sentences: 408 pages: flesch: 40 cache: ./cache/cord-006039-vbq9izw3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006039-vbq9izw3.txt summary: In this Review, we emphasize the need to focus on host interactions with Plasmodium parasites at various tissue levels and the importance of targeting local and specific organ failure and/or pathologies during, as well as long after, infection. Overall, while the process of sequestration is not completely understood, it is known to cause obstruction of blood flow in small capillaries and post-capillary venules (PCVs), endothelial cell activation and inflammation and severe pathology in many organs including lung, adipose tissue, spleen and brain 52, 53, 65, 66 (FIG. This unique brain pathology, known as cerebral malaria, involves convulsions, coma and high fever and develops with the presence of mostly ring-stage infected erythrocytes in the periphery (suggesting a sequestration of late-stage parasites in the organs) [69] [70] [71] . Malaria is a serious disease with acute life-threatening and long-term complications, all of which can be attributed to local but specific organs in which Plasmodium Figure 4 | Infected red blood cells in gut and bone marrow niches. abstract: Systemic inflammation mediated by Plasmodium parasites is central to malaria disease and its complications. Plasmodium parasites reside in erythrocytes and can theoretically reach all host tissues via the circulation. However, actual interactions between parasitized erythrocytes and host tissues, along with the consequent damage and pathological changes, are limited locally to specific tissue sites. Such tissue specificity of the parasite can alter the outcome of malaria disease, determining whether acute or chronic complications occur. Here, we give an overview of the recent progress that has been made in understanding tissue-specific immunopathology during Plasmodium infection. As knowledge on tissue-specific host–parasite interactions accumulates, better treatment modalities and targets may emerge for intervention in malaria disease. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version of this article (doi:10.1038/nri.2017.138) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7097228/ doi: 10.1038/nri.2017.138 id: cord-331289-02411gfv author: Di Minno, Giovanni title: Current concepts in the prevention of pathogen transmission via blood/plasma-derived products for bleeding disorders() date: 2015-07-20 words: 8171 sentences: 395 pages: flesch: 43 cache: ./cache/cord-331289-02411gfv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-331289-02411gfv.txt summary: In general, clinicians assess the level of risk associated with the use of blood/ plasma-derived products by evaluating factors such as patient characteristics (e.g. age, immune status, geographical location, lifestyle) and the nature of the pathogen (e.g. physical characteristics, level of virulence, chronicity of infection, prevalence). Current donor selection and screening practices have improved our ability to detect or reduce the presence of pathogens in blood/plasma-derived products; for example, the residual risk of transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) with HIV/HBV/HCV has fallen to near or less than 1 per million transfused units [14, 15] . Since TTV is often detected in healthy individuals and is not associated with any particular disease, routine screening for this virus is not considered to be necessary; even a test with excellent sensitivity/specificity would not contribute to increase the level of safety of blood/plasma-derived products with regard to TTV. abstract: The pathogen safety of blood/plasma-derived products has historically been a subject of significant concern to the medical community. Measures such as donor selection and blood screening have contributed to increase the safety of these products, but pathogen transmission does still occur. Reasons for this include lack of sensitivity/specificity of current screening methods, lack of reliable screening tests for some pathogens (e.g. prions) and the fact that many potentially harmful infectious agents are not routinely screened for. Methods for the purification/inactivation of blood/plasma-derived products have been developed in order to further reduce the residual risk, but low concentrations of pathogens do not necessarily imply a low level of risk for the patient and so the overall challenge of minimising risk remains. This review aims to discuss the variable level of pathogenic risk and describes the current screening methods used to prevent/detect the presence of pathogens in blood/plasma-derived products. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0268960X15000594 doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2015.07.004 id: cord-274061-ynqxgyw6 author: Epstein, Jay S. title: Blood system changes since recognition of transfusion‐associated AIDS date: 2013-10-17 words: 6253 sentences: 268 pages: flesch: 42 cache: ./cache/cord-274061-ynqxgyw6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-274061-ynqxgyw6.txt summary: In a set of 14 recommendations directed primarily at federal agencies, the IOM called for a more responsive and integrated decision-making process including establishment of a Blood Safety Council reporting to a designated Blood Safety Director within HHS and a standing "expert panel" to assure communication of blood product risks and alternatives to their use both to care providers and to the public. Several possible strategies were presented, including deferral of blood donations by persons known to be at increased risk for AIDS and the use of surrogate tests to identify persons at increased risk of transmission, such as those with detectable antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) or low CD4/CD8 T-cell ratios. The Transfusion Transmitted Virus Study, supported by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, published a retrospective analysis of a prospective study that showed that alanine aminotransferase (ALT) testing of donors might effect a 30% reduction in TAH incidence. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24032622/ doi: 10.1111/trf.12373 id: cord-308614-gsgntf4c author: Eshar, David title: Venipuncture in bats date: 2010 words: 1316 sentences: 78 pages: flesch: 61 cache: ./cache/cord-308614-gsgntf4c.txt txt: ./txt/cord-308614-gsgntf4c.txt summary: Equipment needed includes a 1-to 3-ml syringe or 0.5-ml insulin syringe; 25-or 27-gauge needles; microtainer collection tubes with heparin and calcium-EDTA; microhematocrit capillary tubes and sealing clay; glass slides; chlorhexidine-based scrub equivalent to 1% of the total body weight at each draw. Venipuncture of the cephalic and the saphenous (interfemoral) veins are two of the best techniques for quick and safe collection of blood in bats. A 25-gauge needle can be used to puncture the vessel in small bats, and the tube can be inserted into the hub of the needle to collect the sample, or if a vein is accidently punctured, blood can be collected into a microhematocrit capillary tube directly from the incision site 2 (Fig. 1) . Venipuncture of the cephalic and saphenous veins without anesthesia usually requires one phlebotomist and one or two individuals to restraint the bat. abstract: Though not as common as small rodents in laboratory settings, bats are being increasingly used in research studies. Knowledge of proper blood sampling techniques is essential for care and management of bats. url: https://doi.org/10.1038/laban0610-175 doi: 10.1038/laban0610-175 id: cord-347890-kx5vka0o author: Fan, Qian title: Association Between ABO Blood Group System and COVID-19 Susceptibility in Wuhan date: 2020-07-21 words: 3775 sentences: 201 pages: flesch: 53 cache: ./cache/cord-347890-kx5vka0o.txt txt: ./txt/cord-347890-kx5vka0o.txt summary: Hence, we performed a case-control study to explore the relationship between the ABO blood group and COVID-19 in Wuhan and further classified the populations according to gender. As shown in Table 2 , we performed a combined association analysis between ABO blood group and COVID-19, which showed a statistically significant difference in COVID-19 infection among those with blood type A (P = 0.04, OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.02-1.73) but not blood types B, AB or O (P = 0.48, OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.66-1.23; P=0.61, OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.53-1.46; and P = 0.23, OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.58-1.15, respectively). In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the contribution of the ABO blood group to COVID-19 susceptibility in Wuhan by employing a case-control association analysis. abstract: Background: The ABO blood group system has been associated with multiple infectious diseases, including hepatitis B, dengue haemorrhagic fever and so on. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new respiratory infectious disease and the relationship between COVID-19 and ABO blood group system needs to be explored urgently. Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from 1 January 2020 to 5 March 2020. A total of 105 COVID-19 cases and 103 controls were included. The blood group frequency was tested with the chi-square statistic, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated between cases and controls. In addition, according to gender, the studied population was divided into two subgroups, and we assessed the association between cases and controls by gender. Finally, considering lymphopenia as a feature of COVID-19, the relationship between the ABO blood group and the lymphocyte count was determined in case samples. Results: The frequencies of blood types A, B, AB, and O were 42.8, 26.7, 8.57, and 21.9%, respectively, in the case group. Association analysis between the ABO blood group and COVID-19 indicated that there was a statistically significant difference for blood type A (P = 0.04, OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.02–1.73) but not for blood types B, AB or O (P = 0.48, OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.66–1.23; P = 0.61, OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.53–1.46; and P = 0.23, OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.58–1.15, respectively). An analysis stratified by gender revealed that the association was highly significant between blood type A in the female subgroup (P = 0.02, OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.08–2.27) but not in the male subgroup (P = 0.51, OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.78–1.67). The average level of lymphocyte count was the lowest with blood type A in patients, however, compared with other blood types, there was still no significant statistical difference. Conclusions: Our findings provide epidemiological evidence that females with blood type A are susceptible to COVID-19. However, these research results need to be validated in future studies. url: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00404 doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00404 id: cord-281003-7pdhxdzc author: Farmakis, Dimitrios title: COVID‐19 and thalassaemia: A position statement of the Thalassaemia International Federation date: 2020-07-13 words: 2829 sentences: 159 pages: flesch: 44 cache: ./cache/cord-281003-7pdhxdzc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-281003-7pdhxdzc.txt summary: METHODS: The present statement summarizes the key challenges concerning the management of haemoglobinopathies, with particular focus on patients with either transfusion‐dependent or non‐transfusion‐dependent thalassaemia, identifies the gaps in knowledge and suggests measures and strategies to deal with the pandemic, based on available evidence and expert opinions. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has affected millions across the world, having caused hundreds of thousands deaths. However, disease-related complications may affect multiple organs including the heart, liver, endocrine glands, lungs and the immune system, thus rendering this patient population at an increased risk to develop serious complications during COVID-19. 2, 3, 11 This is especially so in patients who receive suboptimal management and lack access to modern therapy and Thalassaemia patients do not have the same risk of pulmonary infections with sickle cell disease patients but, they may have multiple organ complications, often due to iron overload, including cardiac and hepatic, diabetes mellitus and endocrine disease. abstract: OBJECTIVES: Many patients with haemoglobinopathies, including thalassaemia and sickle cell disease, are at increased risk of developing severe complications from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Although epidemiologic evidence concerning the novel coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection in these patients is currently lacking, the COVID‐19 pandemic represents a significant challenge for haemoglobinopathy patients, their families and their attending physicians. METHODS: The present statement summarizes the key challenges concerning the management of haemoglobinopathies, with particular focus on patients with either transfusion‐dependent or non‐transfusion‐dependent thalassaemia, identifies the gaps in knowledge and suggests measures and strategies to deal with the pandemic, based on available evidence and expert opinions. Key areas covered include patients’ risk level, adaptation of haemoglobinopathy care, safety of blood transfusions, blood supply challenges, and lifestyle and nutritional considerations. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed measures and strategies may be useful as a blueprint for other disorders which require regular hospital visits, as well as for the timely adaptation of patient care during similar future pandemics. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32573838/ doi: 10.1111/ejh.13476 id: cord-026031-hnf5vayd author: Ford, Richard B. title: Emergency Care date: 2009-05-21 words: 112343 sentences: 6645 pages: flesch: 44 cache: ./cache/cord-026031-hnf5vayd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-026031-hnf5vayd.txt summary: Fresh whole blood Coagulopathy with active hemorrhage (disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombocytopenia; massive acute hemorrhage; no stored blood available) Stored whole blood Massive acute or ongoing hemorrhage; hypovolemic shock caused by hemorrhage that is unresponsive to conventional crystalloid and colloid fluid therapy; unavailability of equipment required to prepare blood components Packed red blood cells Nonregenerative anemia, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, correction of anemia before surgery, acute or chronic blood loss Fresh frozen plasma Factor depletion associated with active hemorrhage (congenital: von Willebrand''s factor, hemophilia A, hemophilia B; acquired: vitamin K antagonist, rodenticide intoxication, DIC); acute or chronic hypoproteinemia (burns, wound exudates, body cavity effusion; hepatic, renal, or gastrointestinal loss); colostrum replacement in neonates Frozen plasma Acute plasma or protein loss; chronic hypoproteinemia; (contains stable colostrum replacement in neonates; hemophilia B and clotting factors) selected clotting factor deficiencies Platelet-rich plasma* Thrombocytopenia with active hemorrhage (immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, DIC); platelet function abnormality (congenital: thrombasthenia in Bassett hounds; acquired: NSAIDs, other drugs) Cryoprecipitate abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271342/ doi: 10.1016/b0-72-160138-3/50002-3 id: cord-344131-e7phs0jd author: Ford, Richard B. title: Section 4 Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures date: 2012-12-31 words: 40123 sentences: 2277 pages: flesch: 51 cache: ./cache/cord-344131-e7phs0jd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344131-e7phs0jd.txt summary: Before actually collecting and submitting a sample to a laboratory for bacterial culture, it is appropriate (whenever feasible to do so) to prepare, stain, and examine, under direct microscopy, exudates or fluid from the suspect material or tissue. Fine-needle aspiration, the use of needle and syringe to remove cells from normal and abnormal tissue, apply them to a glass slide, stain the smear, and review the results immediately is among the most useful, cost-effective procedures available in clinical practice. Do not remove the syringe from the tissue while maintaining negative pressure, because this can Enlargement of nucleus or nuclei larger than 10 nm Decreased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio Multinucleation because of abnormal mitosis Abnormal or frequent mitosis Variations in size and shape of nuclei Increase in size and number of nucleoli Increased basophilia of cellular cytoplasm; increased RNA content Anisokaryosis or pleomorphism Multinucleated giant cells box 4-4 cytologic feAtuRes of mAlignAncy 4 result in the aspiration of significant amounts of blood from the skin, thereby significantly diluting the sample with peripheral blood. abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781437707984000049 doi: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-0798-4.00004-9 id: cord-306881-wrd2rhjz author: Gehrie, Eric title: Transfusion Service Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-06-25 words: 3296 sentences: 140 pages: flesch: 44 cache: ./cache/cord-306881-wrd2rhjz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-306881-wrd2rhjz.txt summary: In this article, we highlight "best practices" that have emerged during the pandemic, focusing on management of blood supply and blood bank operations, rapid incorporation of COVID-19 convalescent plasma into blood bank inventory, and changes to the approach to the patient requiring therapeutic apheresis. Extrapolation from previous experience with SARS-CoV, Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome, and influenza, and with the strong backing of statements by AABB, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as well as the preliminary experience of other areas that were afflicted by COVID-19 prior to its wide spread in the United States, blood bankers were able to convince most stakeholders that the true risk to the blood supply was not SARS-CoV-2 itself, but rather social distancing practices resulting in an interruption to the critically needed blood supply. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32584950/ doi: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa111 id: cord-278032-27ikx97x author: GÖKER, Hakan title: The effects of blood group types on the risk of COVID-19 infection and its clinical outcome date: 2020-06-23 words: 2134 sentences: 112 pages: flesch: 57 cache: ./cache/cord-278032-27ikx97x.txt txt: ./txt/cord-278032-27ikx97x.txt summary: The aim of this study is to investigate whether there exists a relationship between the blood groups of the patients and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Few studies on SARS-CoV-1 demonstrated that there exists a relationship between infection risk and the blood types and that the blood group O was somewhat protective against the SARS-CoV-1 [5, 6] . The aim of this study is to investigate the distribution and relationship between the blood groups amongst the COVID-19 patients and their clinical outcomes at a referral university hospital. The present study included 207 patients who were followed at Hacettepe University School of Medicine Hospitals between 10/03/2020 and 05/05/2020 with the COVID-19 infection who were positive for the SARS-CoV-2 RNA test through PCR from the nasopharyngeal swab, and who were approached in accordance with the treatment guidelines of the Turkish Ministry of Health. abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease of 2019) is an infectious disease outbreak later on declared as a pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2). It spreads very rapidly and can result in severe acute respiratory failure. The clinical studies have shown that advanced age and chronic diseases increase the risk of infection. However, influence of the blood groups on COVID-19 infection and its outcome remains to be confirmed. The aim of this study is to investigate whether there exists a relationship between the blood groups of the patients and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 186 patients with PCR confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were included in this study. Age, sex, blood groups, comorbidities, need for intubation and intensive care unit follow up and mortalities of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. 1881 healthy individuals, who presented to the Hacettepe University Blood Bank served as the controls. RESULTS: The most frequently detected blood group was blood group A (57%) amongst the COVID-19 patients. This was followed by blood group O (24.8%). The blood group types did not affect the clinical outcomes. The blood group A was statistically significantly more frequent among those infected with COVID-19 compared to controls (57% vs. 38%, P < 0.001; OR: 2.1). On the other hand, the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower in the COVID-19 patients, compared to the control group (24.8% vs. 37.2%, P: 0.001; OR: 1.8). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study suggest that while the blood group A might have a role in increased susceptibility to the COVID-19 infection, the blood group O might be somewhat protective. However, once infected, blood group type does not seem to influence clinical outcome. url: https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-2005-395 doi: 10.3906/sag-2005-395 id: cord-312580-r57rkrya author: Harcourt-Brown, Frances title: Chapter 6 Clinical pathology date: 2002-12-31 words: 12627 sentences: 822 pages: flesch: 51 cache: ./cache/cord-312580-r57rkrya.txt txt: ./txt/cord-312580-r57rkrya.txt summary: (1982) analysed the haematolog-• Rabbit blood clots quickly and haemolyses easily • Food deprivation does not guarantee a fasting blood sample as rabbits ingest caecotrophs • Stress associated with transport or handling can affect parameters such as blood glucose and the distribution of neutrophils and lymphocytes • Pregnancy, anaesthesia, blood collection techniques and intravenous fluid therapy will influence some blood results • Time of day can influence blood results as many parameters follow a duirnal rhythm in common with many physiological processes in rabbits • Laboratory reference ranges are often derived from animals of the same breed and strain. In two studies by Krueger (1988, 1989) controlled experimental infections with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans resulted in fever, increased plasma cortisol concentrations, neutrophilia and lymphopaenia but no significant increase in total white blood cell count. abstract: nan url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/B9780750640022500096 doi: 10.1016/b978-075064002-2.50009-6 id: cord-273388-615acz0l author: He, Miao title: The Impact of Emerging Infectious Diseases on Chinese Blood Safety() date: 2016-11-04 words: 7067 sentences: 389 pages: flesch: 52 cache: ./cache/cord-273388-615acz0l.txt txt: ./txt/cord-273388-615acz0l.txt summary: Although the implementation of mandatory testing for 4 classical transfusion-transmitted infectious—human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis—has reduced the transfusion risk of these pathogens, the potential threat of various EID agents and their constantly evolving variants to blood safety in China is not fully understood. The threat of these EID agents to blood safety varies, due to different spreading patterns, transmission routes, epidemiologic characteristics, and endemic status; therefore, they need to be specifically evaluated in each country or area. Although no infection cases transmitted by transfusion have been reported, the existence of Brucella DNA in donors'' plasma samples indicates potential risk of transfusion-transmitted brucellosis in endemic areas and warrants future investigation. Although no transfusion-transmitted HTLV infections have been reported, the surveillance of HTLV among blood donors and the evaluation of its impact on blood safety continue to be studied in China. abstract: Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) have always been one of the major threats to public health. Although the implementation of mandatory testing for 4 classical transfusion-transmitted infectious—human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis—has reduced the transfusion risk of these pathogens, the potential threat of various EID agents and their constantly evolving variants to blood safety in China is not fully understood. This review presents 9 representative EID agents that are autochthonous and epidemic nationally or regionally in China. The epidemiologic status and distribution of these EID agents among donors and/or healthy populations are summarized. The potential risks of these EID agents to blood safety are discussed. The review also explores strategies to strengthen hemovigilance systems and studies to further evaluate the impact of EID agents on blood safety. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27923518/ doi: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2016.10.002 id: cord-026021-b8vtmr9h author: Hohenhaus, Ann E. title: Blood Transfusion and Blood Substitutes date: 2011-06-22 words: 12690 sentences: 758 pages: flesch: 52 cache: ./cache/cord-026021-b8vtmr9h.txt txt: ./txt/cord-026021-b8vtmr9h.txt summary: A plasma transfusion counteracts the anticoagulant effects of rodenticide intoxication in one dog, and red blood cells from the same donor provides enhanced oxygen-carrying capacity in a second, anemic dog. Whole blood contains red blood cells, clotting factors, proteins, and platelets and is the product most commonly transfused into dogs and cats. With the identification of a new red blood cell antigen in both dogs and cats, recommendations for appropriate compatibility testing before the first transfusion are a currently being revaluated. 5, 37, 40, 132 The best example of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction in veterinary medicine is the administration of type A red blood cells to a type B cat. Crossmatching does not prevent sensitization to red blood cell antigens, which may result in a hemolytic reaction during future transfusions because it detects only antibodies that are currently present in the donor or recipient. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271207/ doi: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-0654-3.00031-7 id: cord-012354-2f5oq9e5 author: Holtkötter, Hannah title: Forensic differentiation between peripheral and menstrual blood in cases of alleged sexual assault—validating an immunochromatographic multiplex assay for simultaneous detection of human hemoglobin and D-dimer date: 2017-10-23 words: 4604 sentences: 220 pages: flesch: 53 cache: ./cache/cord-012354-2f5oq9e5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-012354-2f5oq9e5.txt summary: Moreover, we aimed to evaluate (1) the sensitivity of the PMB test by considering serial dilutions of peripheral blood and menstrual fluid, (2) possible influences of and cross-reactivity with other biological secretions, and blood from various species, (3) possible false-positive results on blood from aged donors and deceased''s peripheral blood, (4) the viability of DNA extraction and amplification from the residual blood diluted on the remaining buffer, (5) a case example involving a historical ethnological artifact, and (6) the performance of the test on blood samples from ten cases of alleged sexual assault. Best results, with clear, balanced signals for both hemoglobin and D-dimer presence, were received with a concentration of 360 nl of menstrual fluid (3 μl in 1000 μl buffer), Fig. 2 Heat maps of a signals for D-dimer presence with the 300 and 400 ng/ml cut-off (donor 1 to 16 = dried blood, donor 17 = liquid blood), b the sensitivity study, c the mixtures and cross-reactivity testing, d blood collected from aged donors, and e postmortem blood samples. abstract: Sexual assault is a serious offense and identification of body fluids originating from sexual activity has been a crucial aspect of forensic investigations for a long time. While reliable tests for the detection of semen and saliva have been successfully implemented into forensic laboratories, the detection of other body fluids, such as vaginal or menstrual fluid, is more challenging. Especially, the discrimination between peripheral and menstrual blood can be highly relevant for police investigations because it provides potential evidence regarding the issue of consent. We report the forensic validation of an immunochromatographic test that allows for such discrimination in forensic stains, the SERATEC PMB test, and its performance on real casework samples. The PMB test is a duplex test combining human hemoglobin and D-dimer detection and was developed for the identification of blood and menstrual fluid, both at the crime scene and in the laboratory. The results of this study showed that the duplex D-dimer/hemoglobin assay reliably detects the presence of human hemoglobin and identifies samples containing menstrual fluid by detecting the presence of D-dimers. The method distinguished between menstrual and peripheral blood in a swab from a historical artifact and in real casework samples of alleged sexual assaults. Results show that the development of the new duplex test is a substantial progress towards analyzing and interpreting evidence from sexual assault cases. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s00414-017-1719-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5919992/ doi: 10.1007/s00414-017-1719-y id: cord-010772-e7kfe87q author: Hospach, Ingeborg title: In vitro characterization of PrismaLung+: a novel ECCO(2)R device date: 2020-05-13 words: 6171 sentences: 262 pages: flesch: 50 cache: ./cache/cord-010772-e7kfe87q.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010772-e7kfe87q.txt summary: Advances in extracorporeal CO(2) removal (ECCO(2)R) technologies may facilitate more protective lung ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome, and enable earlier weaning and/or avoid invasive mechanical ventilation entirely in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. As the volume flow of gases, i.e., the CO 2 removal rate, is temperature-and pressure-dependent, data were calculated at standard reference conditions, 0°C and 25°C (STP as defined by IUPAC), in addition to the physiological conditions, 37°C, for the PrismaLung+ device at a p in CO2 of 45 mmHg and Q B range of 200-450 mL/min (Fig. 3a) . In our in vitro study, pressure drop values across the three devices were relatively low, with levels of up to 25 mmHg with PrismaLung+ (surface area 0.8 m 2 ) at a blood flow rate of 450 mL/min. abstract: BACKGROUND: Invasive mechanical ventilation is lifesaving in the setting of severe acute respiratory failure but can cause ventilation-induced lung injury. Advances in extracorporeal CO(2) removal (ECCO(2)R) technologies may facilitate more protective lung ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome, and enable earlier weaning and/or avoid invasive mechanical ventilation entirely in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. We evaluated the in vitro CO(2) removal capacity of the novel PrismaLung+ ECCO(2)R device compared with two existing gas exchangers. METHODS: The in vitro CO(2) removal capacity of the PrismaLung+ (surface area 0.8 m(2), Baxter) was compared with the PrismaLung (surface area 0.35 m(2), Baxter) and A.L.ONE (surface area 1.35 m(2), Eurosets) devices, using a closed-loop bovine blood–perfused extracorporeal circuit. The efficacy of each device was measured at varying pCO(2) inlet (p(in)CO(2)) levels (45, 60, and 80 mmHg) and blood flow rates (Q(B)) of 200–450 mL/min; the PrismaLung+ and A.L.ONE devices were also tested at a Q(B) of 600 mL/min. The amount of CO(2) removed by each device was assessed by measurement of the CO(2) infused to maintain circuit equilibrium (CO(2) infusion method) and compared with measured CO(2) concentrations in the inlet and outlet of the CO(2) removal device (blood gas analysis method). RESULTS: The PrismaLung+ device performed similarly to the A.L.ONE device, with both devices demonstrating CO(2) removal rates ~ 50% greater than the PrismaLung device. CO(2) removal rates were 73 ± 4.0, 44 ± 2.5, and 72 ± 1.9 mL/min, for PrismaLung+, PrismaLung, and A.L.ONE, respectively, at Q(B) 300 mL/min and p(in)CO(2) 45 mmHg. A Bland–Altman plot demonstrated that the CO(2) infusion method was comparable to the blood gas analysis method for calculating CO(2) removal. The resistance to blood flow across the test device, as measured by pressure drop, varied as a function of blood flow rate, and was greatest for PrismaLung and lowest for the A.L.ONE device. CONCLUSIONS: The newly developed PrismaLung+ performed more effectively than PrismaLung, with performance of CO(2) removal comparable to A.L.ONE at the flow rates tested, despite the smaller membrane surface area of PrismaLung+ versus A.L.ONE. Clinical testing of PrismaLung+ is warranted to further characterize its performance. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7221037/ doi: 10.1186/s40635-020-00301-7 id: cord-015941-4fz79wzf author: Hu, Yuan title: Molecular Techniques for Blood and Blood Product Screening date: 2018-11-10 words: 7210 sentences: 381 pages: flesch: 50 cache: ./cache/cord-015941-4fz79wzf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015941-4fz79wzf.txt summary: Through the application of molecular biology, biological and biochemical analyses have been revolutionized, and nucleic acid, gene-based techniques have been developed to screen blood and plasma donations for evidence of very recent and earlier viral infections that might otherwise be missed by conventional serologic testing. Because NAT detects a virus''s genetic material instead of waiting for the body''s response, the formation of antibodies, as with many current tests, it offers the opportunity to reduce the window period during which an infecting agent is undetectable by traditional tests [21] , thus further improving blood safety. One reason for this is that currently available blood screening technologies detect core antibodies or surface antigens, which appear up to 8 weeks after infection. The anti-HBc test developed in 1987 detects an antibody to the hepatitis B virus that is produced during and after infection. Detection of HIV-1 and HCV infections among antibody-negative blood donors by nucleic acid-amplification testing abstract: Blood product safety is a high priority for manufacturing industries, hospitals, and regulatory agencies. An important step in ensuring safety is the screening of donated blood for infectious diseases. Molecular technologies for screening infectious diseases have improved remarkably over the years. Molecular biological assay significantly reduced the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections. Unlike previous methods, molecular technologies for screening infectious diseases are specific, efficient, easy to use, and economical. A new era in molecular biology is coming to the field of blood safety. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120069/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-95111-9_2 id: cord-017948-fqhl1qb4 author: Hu, Yuan title: Molecular Techniques for Blood and Blood Product Screening date: 2012-04-05 words: 7304 sentences: 372 pages: flesch: 54 cache: ./cache/cord-017948-fqhl1qb4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-017948-fqhl1qb4.txt summary: Currently, nucleic acid testing techniques have been developed to screen blood and plasma products for evidence of very recent viral infections that could be missed by conventional serologic tests. Through the application of molecular biology, biological and biochemical analyses have been revolutionized, and nucleic acid, gene-based techniques have been developed to screen blood and plasma donations for evidence of very recent and earlier viral infections that might otherwise be missed by conventional serologic testing. Because NAT detects a virus''s genetic material instead of waiting for the body''s response, the formation of antibodies, as with many current tests, it offers the opportunity to reduce the window period during which an infecting agent is undetectable by traditional tests [ 19 ] , thus further improving blood safety. Detection of HIV-1 and HCV infections among antibody-negative blood donors by nucleic acid-ampli fi cation testing abstract: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for ensuring the safety of the more than 15 million units of blood and blood components donated each year in the United States. “Blood banking has become a manufacturing industry, an industry that must conform to high standards and quality control requirements comparable to those of pharmaceutical companies or other regulated industries,” said David A. Kessler, MD, former FDA commissioner [1]. Screening donated blood for infectious diseases that can be transmitted through blood transfusion is a very important step in ensuring safety. The United States has the safest blood supply in the world [1] and the FDA is striving to keep it safe by decreasing the risk of infectious disease transmission. The regulatory agency is continuously updating its requirements and standards for collecting and processing blood. As mentioned earlier, an important step in ensuring safety is the screening of donated blood for infectious diseases. In the United States, tests for infectious diseases are routinely conducted on each unit of donated blood, and these tests are designed to comply with regulatory requirements (Table 28.1). The field of clinical microbiology and virology are now focusing on molecular technology. Currently, nucleic acid testing techniques have been developed to screen blood and plasma products for evidence of very recent viral infections that could be missed by conventional serologic tests. It is time for all blood safety procedures to include molecular detection techniques. This approach can significantly aid in blood safety to reduce the risk of transmission of serious disease by transfusion. This chapter reviews the current antigen/antibody-based technology, molecular biological technology, and published regulatory policy data for blood safety. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7122649/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3970-7_28 id: cord-317250-a5ni1s9e author: Jackson, Ronald S. title: Wine, food, and health date: 2020-04-10 words: 19834 sentences: 1219 pages: flesch: 45 cache: ./cache/cord-317250-a5ni1s9e.txt txt: ./txt/cord-317250-a5ni1s9e.txt summary: Abusive ethanol consumption can cause cirrhosis of the liver, increase the likelihood of hypertension and stroke, favor the development of breast and digestive tract cancers, induce fetal alcohol syndrome, among others. Despite the general beneficial effects of moderate amounts of alcohol on digestion, the phenolic content of red wine may counter some of these influences. The effect on the latter two groups appears reflected in the reduced incidence of the common cold in moderate alcohol consumers (Cohen et al., 1993) , particularly those drinking red wines (Takkouche et al., 2002) . The source of these benefits may be a combination of enhanced calcium uptake, associated with alcohol consumption (Ilich et al., 2002) , the phytoestrogen effects of phenolics, such as resveratrol and kaempferol, or other unsuspected influences. Review of moderate alcohol consumption and reduced risk of coronary heart disease: is the effect due to beer, wine, or spirits? abstract: Wine has historically been associated with religious rights, used as a salubrious beverage, employed as a medication as well as a medicinal solvent, and consumed as a food accompaniment. It is the last use that is most intimately associated in the minds of most modern consumers. Despite this, there is little flavor commonality on which pairing could be based. The first section of the chapter examines this feature and wine's primary role as a palate cleanser and food condiment. The synergistic role of food and wine in suppressing each other's least pleasant attributes is also explained. The final section deals with the latest evidence relating to the many beneficial health effects of moderate wine consumption, shortfalls in the data, headache induction, dental erosion, and conditions under which wine intake is contraindicated. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/B978012816118000012X doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816118-0.00012-x id: cord-294241-11abmmyl author: Jersild, C. title: Blood Transfusion Services date: 2008-08-26 words: 3306 sentences: 149 pages: flesch: 40 cache: ./cache/cord-294241-11abmmyl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-294241-11abmmyl.txt summary: Blood transfusion services are an important part of the health-care system since blood transfusion is required in a number of frequently occurring clinical situations: Major surgical procedures, including treatment of trauma patients; obstetric care with major bleeding during child birth; and treatment of several medical diseases, especially hematological diseases. Blood transfusion service is an organization which deals with various aspects of the blood transfusion chain, from the potential donor (information and selection of donors, blood collection, blood testing, blood processing, blood storage, blood transportation) to the potential recipient (selection and distribution of appropriate components for transfusion), and should link to the clinical interface or administration of blood and patient follow-up. WHO-integrated strategy for blood safety recommends nationally coordinated blood services with quality systems functional in all areas and a blood supply based on voluntary nonremunerated blood donors from low-risk populations that is appropriately tested (100% for blood-borne pathogens, blood grouping, and compatibility testing), processed, stored, and distributed, as well as adequately used at the hospital site (alternatives to transfusion should be available), including posttransfusion follow-up. abstract: Blood transfusion services are an important part of the health-care system since blood transfusion is required in a number of frequently occurring clinical situations: Major surgical procedures, including treatment of trauma patients; obstetric care with major bleeding during child birth; and treatment of several medical diseases, especially hematological diseases. This article outlines the essential safety aspects of blood transfusion from the proper selection of the unpaid blood donor to processing and appropriate testing of the blood unit to safety aspects of transfusion, which include the appropriate clinical use of blood and blood components. The importance of accurate reporting of any adverse reactions to blood transfusion, which form the basis for a hemovigilance system, is reviewed. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123739605005207 doi: 10.1016/b978-012373960-5.00520-7 id: cord-280480-djv7pc3m author: Jägers, Johannes title: Perfluorocarbon-based oxygen carriers: from physics to physiology date: 2020-11-03 words: 6217 sentences: 342 pages: flesch: 47 cache: ./cache/cord-280480-djv7pc3m.txt txt: ./txt/cord-280480-djv7pc3m.txt summary: Extensive research created stable PFC nano-emulsions that avoid (i) fast clearance from the blood and (ii) long organ retention time, which leads to undesired transient side effects. By linking the unique properties of PFCs and PFOCs to physiology, it elaborates on the response, processing and dysregulation, which the body experiences through intravascular PFOCs. Thereby the reader will receive a scientific and easily comprehensible overview why PFOCs are precious tools for so many diverse application areas from cancer therapeutics to blood substitutes up to organ preservation and diving disease. This emulsification paved the way to using PFCs as oxygen carriers in physiological systems by developing a way to allow the addition of, e.g., water-soluble nutrients and pharmaceuticals. Even though these first-generation PFC-based oxygen carriers (PFOCs) showed major physiological side effects, the main reason for stopping the clinical trials in the 1990s was the insufficient shelf life [36, 51, 101] . abstract: Developing biocompatible, synthetic oxygen carriers is a consistently challenging task that researchers have been pursuing for decades. Perfluorocarbons (PFC) are fascinating compounds with a huge capacity to dissolve gases, where the respiratory gases are of special interest for current investigations. Although largely chemically and biologically inert, pure PFCs are not suitable for injection into the vascular system. Extensive research created stable PFC nano-emulsions that avoid (i) fast clearance from the blood and (ii) long organ retention time, which leads to undesired transient side effects. PFC-based oxygen carriers (PFOCs) show a variety of application fields, which are worthwhile to investigate. To understand the difficulties that challenge researchers in creating formulations for clinical applications, this review provides the physical background of PFCs’ properties and then illuminates the reasons for instabilities of PFC emulsions. By linking the unique properties of PFCs and PFOCs to physiology, it elaborates on the response, processing and dysregulation, which the body experiences through intravascular PFOCs. Thereby the reader will receive a scientific and easily comprehensible overview why PFOCs are precious tools for so many diverse application areas from cancer therapeutics to blood substitutes up to organ preservation and diving disease. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-020-02482-2 doi: 10.1007/s00424-020-02482-2 id: cord-018414-6ffhm895 author: Kang, Yoogoo title: Anesthesia Management of Liver Transplantation date: 2016-07-22 words: 21155 sentences: 1064 pages: flesch: 34 cache: ./cache/cord-018414-6ffhm895.txt txt: ./txt/cord-018414-6ffhm895.txt summary: Specifically, patients with fulminant hepatic failure develop significant changes in cerebral function, and cerebral perfusion is maintained by monitoring cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen, and intracranial pressure. Small-for-size syndrome develops in a patient who received a donor graft that was less than 1 % of the recipient''s body weight and is caused by decreased hepatic arterial flow in response to increased portal venous flow and pressure. The major criteria for the diagnosis of the hepatorenal syndrome are as follows: (1) advanced hepatic disease and portal hypertension; (2) low glomerular filtration rate (serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL or creatinine clearance <40 mL/ min); (3) absence of nephrotoxic drug use, shock, systemic infection, or recent fluid losses; (4) lack of sustained improvement after diuretic withdrawal and volume resuscitation with 1.5 L of normal saline; (5) proteinuria (<500 mg/dL); and (6) no ultrasound evidence of urinary obstruction or parenchymal disease. abstract: Anesthesia for liver transplantation pertains to a continuum of critical care of patients with end-stage liver disease. Hence, anesthesiologists, armed with a comprehensive understanding of pathophysiology and physiologic effects of liver transplantation on recipients, are expected to maintain homeostasis of all organ function. Specifically, patients with fulminant hepatic failure develop significant changes in cerebral function, and cerebral perfusion is maintained by monitoring cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen, and intracranial pressure. Hyperdynamic circulation is challenged by the postreperfusion syndrome, which may lead to cardiovascular collapse. The goal of circulatory support is to maintain tissue perfusion via optimal preload, contractility, and heart rate using the guidance of right-heart catheterization and transesophageal echocardiography. Portopulmonary hypertension and hepatopulmonary syndrome have high morbidity and mortality, and they should be properly evaluated preoperatively. Major bleeding is a common occurrence, and euvolemia is maintained using a rapid infusion device. Pre-existing coagulopathy is compounded by dilution, fibrinolysis, heparin effect, and excessive activation. It is treated using selective component or pharmacologic therapy based on the viscoelastic properties of whole blood. Hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia from massive transfusion, lack of hepatic function, and the postreperfusion syndrome should be aggressively treated. Close communication between all parties involved in liver transplantation is also equally valuable in achieving a successful outcome. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7123279/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-07209-8_9 id: cord-294585-dl5v9p50 author: Klein, H. G. title: Pathogen‐reduction methods: advantages and limits date: 2009-02-13 words: 4519 sentences: 216 pages: flesch: 40 cache: ./cache/cord-294585-dl5v9p50.txt txt: ./txt/cord-294585-dl5v9p50.txt summary: However, because blood contains numerous labile proteins and fragile cells, and because there is a wide array of potentially infectious agents, no single method of pathogen-inactivation will likely preserve all blood components, yet effectively remove all viruses, bacteria, spores, protozoa and prions. Riboflavin/ultraviolet light treatment has been evaluated in preclinical studies and found to result in reduction of infectivity by many pathogens including west Nile virus, intracellular HIV, bacteria and protozoa. Therapeutic efficacy and safety of platelets treated with a photochemical process for pathogen inactivation: the SPRINT Trial Clinical safety of platelets photochemically treated with amotosalen HCl and ultraviolet A light for pathogen inactivation: the SPRINT trial Fresh frozen plasma prepared with amotosalen HCl (S-59) photochemical pathogen inactivation: transfusion of patients with congenital coagulation factor deficiencies Therapeutic efficacy and safety of red blood cells treated with a chemical process (S-303) for pathogen inactivation: a Phase III clinical trial in cardiac surgery patients abstract: Pathogen‐reduction (inactivation) provides a proactive approach to reducing transfusion‐transmitted infection. Pathogen‐reduction technologies have been successfully implemented by plasma fractionators resulting in no transmission of human immunodeficiency, hepatitis C, or hepatitis B viruses by US‐licensed plasma derivatives since 1987. Fractionation technologies cannot be used to treat cellular blood components. Although blood donor screening, deferral and disease testing have drastically reduced the incidence of transfusion‐transmitted diseases, the threat of new or re‐emerging pathogens remains. Of particular concern is the silent emergence of a new agent with a prolonged latent period in which asymptomatic infected carriers would donate and spread infection. The ultimate goal of pathogen‐inactivation is to reduce transmission of potential pathogens without significantly compromising the therapeutic efficacy of the cellular and protein constituents of blood. The acceptable technology must not introduce toxicities into the blood supply nor result in neoantigen formation and subsequent antibody production. Several promising pathogen‐inactivation technologies are being developed and tested, and others are currently in use, but all of them have limits. Pathogen‐reduction promises an additional ‘layer of protection’ from infectious agents and has the potential to impact the safety of blood transfusions worldwide. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32328162/ doi: 10.1111/j.1751-2824.2009.01224.x id: cord-335733-u1g03s2y author: Lakshmanan, Hari Hara Sudhan title: Design of a Microfluidic Bleeding Chip to Evaluate Antithrombotic Agents for Use in COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-08-06 words: 3488 sentences: 191 pages: flesch: 43 cache: ./cache/cord-335733-u1g03s2y.txt txt: ./txt/cord-335733-u1g03s2y.txt summary: Since limited in vitro methods exist for assessing the effects of anticoagulants on hemostasis, the development of novel therapies to safely prevent thrombosis in COVID-19 patients relies on preclinical animal models and early phase human trials. METHODS: The design of the microfluidic device consists of two orthogonal channels: an inlet that serves as a model blood vessel, and a bleeding channel to model hemostatic plug formation at sites of compromised endothelial barrier function. RESULTS: Perfusion of human whole blood through the microfluidic bleeding chip led to initial platelet adhesion and aggregation at the pillars followed by hemostatic plug formation and occlusion of the bleeding channel. While the most clinically relevant conclusions regarding the safety of anticoagulants will ultimately be learned through clinical trials, in vitro models hold potential usefulness in revealing early safety and efficacy signals to guide future anticoagulant development of agents to prevent thrombosis in COV-ID-19 patients without compromising hemostasis. abstract: INTRODUCTION: Interventions that could prevent thrombosis, clinical decompensation, and respiratory compromise in patients with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are key to decrease mortality rate. Studies show that profound cytokine release and excessive activation of blood coagulation appear to be key drivers of COVID-19 associated mortality. Since limited in vitro methods exist for assessing the effects of anticoagulants on hemostasis, the development of novel therapies to safely prevent thrombosis in COVID-19 patients relies on preclinical animal models and early phase human trials. Herein we present the design of a microfluidic “bleeding chip” to evaluate the effects of antithrombotic therapies on hemostatic plug formation in vitro. METHODS: The design of the microfluidic device consists of two orthogonal channels: an inlet that serves as a model blood vessel, and a bleeding channel to model hemostatic plug formation at sites of compromised endothelial barrier function. This is achieved by placing a series of 3 pillars spaced 10 μm apart at the intersection of the two channels. The pillars and bleeding channel are coated with the extracellular matrix protein collagen. RESULTS: Perfusion of human whole blood through the microfluidic bleeding chip led to initial platelet adhesion and aggregation at the pillars followed by hemostatic plug formation and occlusion of the bleeding channel. CONCLUSIONS: Safe and effective mitigating agents are needed for treatment and prevention of thrombotic complications in COVID-19 patients. This simple microfluidic device holds potential to be developed into a tool for assessing the effects of anticoagulant therapy on hemostasis. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12195-020-00644-x doi: 10.1007/s12195-020-00644-x id: cord-017946-fa4ehlb0 author: Lawless, Ryan A. title: Adjuncts to Resuscitation date: 2018-05-26 words: 5937 sentences: 298 pages: flesch: 36 cache: ./cache/cord-017946-fa4ehlb0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-017946-fa4ehlb0.txt summary: This chapter will focus on adjuncts to damage control resuscitation (DCR) including massive transfusion protocols, the "other" tenets of damage control resuscitation, hypertonic saline, tranexamic acid, pharmacologic resuscitation, Factor VIIa, and prothrombin complex, and viscoelastic testing. Looking at the incorporation of the other two principles (permissive hypotension and minimizing crystalloids) into a mature trauma center already incorporating a transfusion strategy approaching whole blood, investigators found an improvement in survival among emergent laparotomy patients [4] . The authors noted a significantly improved mortality compared to that predicted by the Trauma Related Injury Severity Score (TRISS) in patients who received fibrinogen concentrate during their initial resuscitation. Animal models of liver injury associated hemorrhagic shock have shown decreased blood loss, increased mean arterial pressure, and significantly higher hemoglobin levels with vasopressin administration compared to standard crystalloid resuscitation [74] . A randomized, placebo-controlled study (AVERT Shock) is currently underway to investigate the potential benefit of vasopressin administration during the early resuscitation of bleeding trauma patients [79]. abstract: Damage control resuscitation has been increasingly adopted and practiced over the last decade. The concepts used are not new to this era of medicine but are novel in combination. This chapter will focus on adjuncts to damage control resuscitation (DCR) including massive transfusion protocols, the “other” tenets of damage control resuscitation, hypertonic saline, tranexamic acid, pharmacologic resuscitation, Factor VIIa, and prothrombin complex, and viscoelastic testing. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7122643/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-72607-6_20 id: cord-271485-a1633xxe author: Leaf, Rebecca Karp title: ABO Phenotype and Death in Critically Ill Patients with COVID‐19 date: 2020-07-01 words: 1585 sentences: 91 pages: flesch: 53 cache: ./cache/cord-271485-a1633xxe.txt txt: ./txt/cord-271485-a1633xxe.txt summary: 6 To examine the relationship between blood group and clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19, we studied the distribution and mortality associated with ABO phenotype in a large cohort of critically ill patients. To examine whether blood type is associated with critical illness in patients with COVID-19, we used a chi-square test to compare the observed versus expected distribution of ABO phenotypes. We estimated the expected distribution of ABO phenotype in each of the above race/ethnicity categories using data from 3.1 million blood donors in the United States. 7 To examine whether ABO phenotype is associated with mortality among critically ill patients with COVID-19, we used a chi-square test to compare the distribution of observed ABO blood phenotypes with 28-day in-hospital mortality, stratified by the above race/ethnicity categories. In this large nationwide cohort study of critically ill patients with COVID-19, we found significant differences in the observed versus expected distribution of ABO phenotypes among White patients, abstract: Blood groups are inherited traits that vary across populations, likely due to both founder effects and natural selection. A link between blood groups and susceptibility to infectious disease has been well‐described, with notable examples being H. Pylori and Plasmodium falciparum infection. Blood group antigens may influence disease susceptibility by several mechanisms, including serving as receptors or decoys for infectious organisms and modifying immune response in the form of anti‐ABO antibodies. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32609874/ doi: 10.1111/bjh.16984 id: cord-318792-psw8bs17 author: Lee, Jaewon title: Lab on a chip for in situ diagnosis: From blood to point of care date: 2013-08-01 words: 4958 sentences: 270 pages: flesch: 42 cache: ./cache/cord-318792-psw8bs17.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318792-psw8bs17.txt summary: For this purpose, blood microscale sampling, blood separation, immunochemical assay, and detection (optical and electrical), and communication to personal device (such as smart phones or PC) are the essentially required processes (Fig. 1) . Sampling of blood and body fluid using microfluidic technology has emerged in recent few decades, and such methods allowed for diagnosis with small amount of sample, and with more accuracy. This type of immunoassays is usually done on electrophoresis-based microchips, and requires many concentration strategies to stack the target analytes for detection and measurements [28] . Optical immune-sensing is the simplest and highly popular method among the immunoassay methods, and several labels (e.g., a fluorescent label, enzyme, or metallic particle) facilitate optical signal enhancement and increase detection sensitivity. Microfluidic chip for blood cell separation and collection based on crossflow filtration abstract: As the point of care diagnosis devices are becoming ever more popular, this paper suggest a miniaturized testing device from a drop of blood to diagnosis of disease for the global healthcare. The minimal requirements for the POC blood-testing device are blood microsampling, blood separation, immunoassay, and detection and communication of the signals. The microsampling of the blood can be achieved by specialized needle, which can be connected to the microchip or analytical devices. The sampled blood is then separated using either a filter (weir or pillar type), or by the phenomena unique to microfluidic system. The separated blood should then go through sandwich, homogeneous non-competitive, or competitive immunoassay, which can effectively diagnose diverse diseases. Lastly, the device should detect and translate the immune-signals to readable, and clinically significant signals. The development of such device will play a great role for improving healthcare technology. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32226641/ doi: 10.1007/s13534-013-0094-y id: cord-217663-3g2j9tnk author: Li, Na title: A decision integration strategy for short-term demand forecasting and ordering for red blood cell components date: 2020-08-17 words: 7933 sentences: 463 pages: flesch: 54 cache: ./cache/cord-217663-3g2j9tnk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-217663-3g2j9tnk.txt summary: We combine ideas from statistical time series modeling, machine learning, and operations research in developing an ordering decision strategy for RBCs, through integrating a hybrid demand forecasting model using clinical predictors and a data-driven multi-period inventory problem considering inventory and reorder constraints. The proposed integrated methodology achieves three goals: i) a more accurate forecasting method that reflects the actual RBC demand at hospital blood banks, which increases the transparency between CBS and hospital blood banks; ii) a leaner and fresher inventory at hospital blood banks, which may correlate with better patient outcomes; iii) a simpler ordering strategy that requires less frequent orders on scheduled 2 Throughout this paper, the terms "wastage" and "waste" are all referring to the blood products wasted due to expiration. Mean (sd) of days of inventory on hand (DOH), age (days) of blood prior to transfusion, and daily number of units in-stock, as well as wastage rate by year in Hamilton hospital blood banks Challenge 2: Large variation of the differences between ordered quantity and actual demand. abstract: Blood transfusion is one of the most crucial and commonly administered therapeutics worldwide. The need for more accurate and efficient ways to manage blood demand and supply is an increasing concern. Building a technology-based, robust blood demand and supply chain that can achieve the goals of reducing ordering frequency, inventory level, wastage and shortage, while maintaining the safety of blood usage, is essential in modern healthcare systems. In this study, we summarize the key challenges in current demand and supply management for red blood cells (RBCs). We combine ideas from statistical time series modeling, machine learning, and operations research in developing an ordering decision strategy for RBCs, through integrating a hybrid demand forecasting model using clinical predictors and a data-driven multi-period inventory problem considering inventory and reorder constraints. We have applied the integrated ordering strategy to the blood inventory management system in Hamilton, Ontario using a large clinical database from 2008 to 2018. The proposed hybrid demand forecasting model provides robust and accurate predictions, and identifies important clinical predictors for short-term RBC demand forecasting. Compared with the actual historical data, our integrated ordering strategy reduces the inventory level by 40% and decreases the ordering frequency by 60%, with low incidence of shortages and wastage due to expiration. If implemented successfully, our proposed strategy can achieve significant cost savings for healthcare systems and blood suppliers. The proposed ordering strategy is generalizable to other blood products or even other perishable products. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.07486v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-329176-av4qhu4f author: Liu, Nanyang title: Association between ABO blood groups and risk of coronavirus disease 2019: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-08-14 words: 2064 sentences: 159 pages: flesch: 51 cache: ./cache/cord-329176-av4qhu4f.txt txt: ./txt/cord-329176-av4qhu4f.txt summary: title: Association between ABO blood groups and risk of coronavirus disease 2019: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis The major objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis study is to investigate the impact of ABO blood group on COVID-19 pneumonia. DISCUSSION: This study will provide high-quality evidence to evaluate the contribution of the ABO blood group in COVID-19 pneumonia infection. A recent study in China compared COVID-19 patients with the general population found an association between the ABO blood group and SARS-CoV-2 infection status. [12] This study will systematically review the current evidence, aiming to provide clarity surrounding the role of the ABO blood type in patients with COVID-19. Search terms are: "blood type", "blood groups", "ABO", "novel coronavirus infected pneumonia", "COVID-19", "Corona Virus Disease 2019", "NCP", "2019-nCOV". abstract: BACKGROUND: The 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has threatened millions of people worldwide. Growing evidence suggests that the ABO blood type contributed to the susceptibility of COVID-19, but the results are controversial. The major objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis study is to investigate the impact of ABO blood group on COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: Two independent reviewers searches the databases of the China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Periodical Database, Wanfang Database, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from the date of conception to June 30, 2020. We will manually search for gray literature, such as meeting records and dissertations. Two independent reviewers will screen studies that meet the criteria, extract data, statistical data, and assess the risk of bias. The dichotomous variable will calculate the odds ratio and the corresponding 95% confidence interval. Heterogeneity between included studies will be assessed by heterogeneity χ(2) tests and I(2) index. The forest plots will be used to describe the pooled results. The Begg rank correlation test or Egger linear regression test will be performed to quantize the publication bias. DISCUSSION: This study will provide high-quality evidence to evaluate the contribution of the ABO blood group in COVID-19 pneumonia infection. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020195615 url: https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000021709 doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000021709 id: cord-281990-x5nql0cw author: Liu, Y. title: Association between epidemic dynamics of Covid-19 infection and ABO blood group types date: 2020-07-15 words: 3601 sentences: 192 pages: flesch: 55 cache: ./cache/cord-281990-x5nql0cw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-281990-x5nql0cw.txt summary: Growth rate and doubling time of infection and death cases, reproductive number, infection and death cases in the mid-exponential phase were analyzed in relation to blood type distribution. Discussion: Covid-19 infection is significantly associated with blood type distribution and people with blood type A are more susceptible to Covid-19 infection and have higher epidemic dynamics and higher case fatality rate. This study sought to investigate the relationship between the distribution of blood group types and the epidemic dynamics of Covid-19 infection based on analyses of big data that cover worldwide population majority. We thus conducted this study based on the worldwide available big data trying to ascertain an association between the distribution of blood types and Covid-19 infection dynamics. . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.12.20152074 doi: medRxiv preprint Figure 3 Comparison of the Covid-19 infection epidemic dynamics between higher and lower blood type A population. abstract: Background: Covid-19 pandemic is the most critical challenge nowadays for the manhood, and the infection and death cases are still speedily increasing. Since there are no available vaccine and specifically effective treatment, to break the infectious way of the pandemic remains the unique measure to efficiently combat Covid-19 infection. Understanding factors that affect the Covid-19 infection can help make better balance between activity restriction and infection dynamics. This study sought to investigate association between Covid-19 infection and blood type distribution. Methods: The big data provided by World Health Organization and Johns Hopkins University were taken to assess epidemic dynamics of Covid-19 infection. Growth rate and doubling time of infection and death cases, reproductive number, infection and death cases in the mid-exponential phase were analyzed in relation to blood type distribution. Results: Growth rate of infection and death cases correlated significantly to blood type A proportion of the population positively while to blood type B proportion negatively. In comparison with lower blood type A population (< 30%) people with higher blood type A ([≥] 30%) had more infection and death cases in the early exponential phase, higher growth rates, and shorter case doubling time for infection and death. Discussion: Covid-19 infection is significantly associated with blood type distribution and people with blood type A are more susceptible to Covid-19 infection and have higher epidemic dynamics and higher case fatality rate. The results of this study provide important and useful information for fighting Covid-19 pandemic. url: http://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.07.12.20152074v1?rss=1 doi: 10.1101/2020.07.12.20152074 id: cord-009417-458rrhcm author: Luce, Judith A. title: Use of Blood Components in the Intensive Care Unit date: 2009-05-15 words: 17101 sentences: 918 pages: flesch: 43 cache: ./cache/cord-009417-458rrhcm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-009417-458rrhcm.txt summary: Benefi ts to the patient with more judicious use of platelet transfusion include decreased donor exposure, which lessens the risk of transfusion-transmitted disease; fewer febrile and allergic reactions that may complicate the hospital course; and the potential delay or prevention of alloimmunization to HLA and platelet antigens. If anti-IgA antibodies are determined to be the cause of this reaction, the patient must receive blood components donated by IgA-defi cient individuals or, if unavailable, specially prepared washed RBCs and platelet concentrates. These patients may have intensive red cell and platelet transfusion requirements and need specialized products such as CMV-negative and irradiated blood components. A blood bank problem uniquely encountered in BMT is the need to switch the patient''s ABO group because of an ABO-mismatched transplant, thus necessitating an exchange transfusion of red cells and plasma-containing products (i.e., platelet concentrates) of differing ABO type to avoid hemolysis of donor and recipient cells. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7152226/ doi: 10.1016/b978-032304841-5.50082-0 id: cord-016815-pva22xy7 author: Mannem, Hannah C. title: Transfusion and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Clinical Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes date: 2016-06-11 words: 5445 sentences: 272 pages: flesch: 49 cache: ./cache/cord-016815-pva22xy7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-016815-pva22xy7.txt summary: Multiple patient and donor related risk factors for TRALI exist, including critically illness, alcohol use, and receiving transfusions with high plasma volumes. Possible TRALI occurs when the acute respiratory distress takes place in the setting of a blood transfusion, as well as other co-existing risk factors for development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) , including: trauma, sepsis, pancreatitis, aspiration, inhalation, drug overdose, or burns. A prospective cohort study showed 33 % of patients on mechanical ventilation at the time of transfusion developed acute lung injury [ 15 ] . Risk factors and outcome of transfusion-related acute lung injury in the critically ill: a nested case-control study The incidence, risk factors, and outcome of transfusion-related acute lung injury in a cohort of cardiac surgery patients: a prospective nested case-control study Fresh-frozen plasma and platelet transfusions are associated with development of acute lung injury in critically ill medical patients abstract: Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a life-threatening complication of blood product transfusion. It is the leading cause of blood product transfusion related death in the USA. The syndrome is defined by hypoxemic respiratory failure with bilateral infiltrates on chest X-ray in the setting of a blood transfusion and absence of cardiac failure. The exact incidence of TRALI is unknown, but the incidence is higher in the critically ill patient population. Multiple patient and donor related risk factors for TRALI exist, including critically illness, alcohol use, and receiving transfusions with high plasma volumes. Practitioners should have a low index of suspicion for the diagnosis of TRALI, and blood bank reporting is vital to aid in diagnosis and future prevention. Management is primarily supportive care, with supplemental oxygen as the mainstay for therapy. Despite the transient course of TRALI, its morbidity is severe with the majority of patients requiring mechanical ventilation and treatment in the intensive care unit. For patients that survive TRALI, outcomes are promising without residual pulmonary deficits. Prevention strategies over the past 10 years have helped to decrease the incidence of TRALI and have led to increased awareness of this condition in the medical field. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7121220/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-41912-1_11 id: cord-018809-3nrvm4jt author: McMullin, N. R. title: Hemostatic Resuscitation date: 2006 words: 6231 sentences: 294 pages: flesch: 46 cache: ./cache/cord-018809-3nrvm4jt.txt txt: ./txt/cord-018809-3nrvm4jt.txt summary: In combat, fresh whole blood for massive transfusion becomes a blood bank multiplier, providing within a single unit, RBCs, volume, coagulation components, and functional platelets in a warm fluid. Appropriate use following established guidelines can be beneficial and may even be superior to packed RBCs. A fluid containing the vital properties of fresh whole blood would serve as a bridge to allow a patient to be resuscitated without initiating the''bloody cycle of death'' that is seen all too often in our current paradigm of massive resuscitation. Appropriate use following established guidelines can be beneficial and may even be superior to packed RBCs. A fluid containing the vital properties of fresh whole blood would serve as a bridge to allow a patient to be resuscitated without initiating the''bloody cycle of death'' that is seen all too often in our current paradigm of massive resuscitation. abstract: Component therapy is useful for the majority of patients when blood requirements are minimal and there is no associated coagulopathy. Of concern are requirements for massive transfusion and resuscitation that absorb resources and create a short-fall for patients whose injuries are less severe. Additionally, the conventional massive transfusion model of packed RBCs, plasma and platelets actually further dilutes the patient compared to the blood he or she has lost and thus is not the ideal fluid for patients who require this massive transfusion of products. Fresh whole blood has three vital properties: oxygen carrying capacity, volume, and hemostatic effect. In the austere environment of combat the practice of fresh whole blood transfusion has proven beneficial to patients who are coagulopathic and require massive transfusion. Appropriate use following established guidelines can be beneficial and may even be superior to packed RBCs. A fluid containing the vital properties of fresh whole blood would serve as a bridge to allow a patient to be resuscitated without initiating the ‘bloody cycle of death’ that is seen all too often in our current paradigm of massive resuscitation. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7123784/ doi: 10.1007/3-540-33396-7_25 id: cord-312418-e4g5u1nz author: Melillo, Alessandro title: Rabbit Clinical Pathology date: 2007-09-18 words: 6442 sentences: 363 pages: flesch: 46 cache: ./cache/cord-312418-e4g5u1nz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-312418-e4g5u1nz.txt summary: There is little information available that describes the effect of clinical disease on the blood parameters of companion rabbits, or on the use of blood tests as diagnostic and prognostic indicators. An intestinal isoenzyme is quite abundant, so serum ALP concentrations are actually the sum of these 3 isoenzymes, which may explain why many reference ranges are vague and wide and why raised ALP levels in clinically healthy animals are a common finding. Azotemia is also indicative of renal disease, usually affecting the rabbit patient in association with hyperkalemia or hypokalemia, hypercalcemia and coexisting hyperphosphatemia, nonregenerative anemia, and isostenuric urine. Blood urea levels below the reference range indicate hepatic insufficiency or muscle mass loss (e.g., dental disease). Hyperphosphatemia usually indicates chronic kidney failure (a loss of more than 80% of nephrons) given that serum phosphorus levels are normalized by compensatory mechanisms in early-onset renal disease. abstract: With rabbit patients, as in other species, analyzing blood and urine samples can be useful and informative, although interpretation of the results is sometimes challenging. This article summarizes the interpretation of laboratory results from rabbits. Hematological parameters can yield information about the red blood cell population and leukocyte response to stress and pathogens. Biochemistry evaluation can be used to investigate liver, kidney, and other organ function, and urinalysis results may yield additional information about kidney function and electrolyte imbalances. Serological tests are available for several pathogens of rabbits, including Encephalitozoon cuniculi, although the significance of positive results and antibody titers is not clear. Serum protein electrophoresis aids the understanding of protein disorders and the immune response to acute and chronic inflammation. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S1557506307000857 doi: 10.1053/j.jepm.2007.06.002 id: cord-022035-annn4qn1 author: Menitove, Jay E. title: Other Viral, Bacterial, Parasitic and Prion-Based Infectious Complications date: 2009-05-15 words: 12424 sentences: 786 pages: flesch: 49 cache: ./cache/cord-022035-annn4qn1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022035-annn4qn1.txt summary: [20] [21] [22] [23] Despite documentation that the spirochete survives routine RBC and frozen plasma storage, testing blood donors is not under consideration because no reports exist of transfusion-associated Lyme disease. 29 An extensive epidemiologic study in Arkansas involving military trainee blood donors who had been exposed to tick bites and unknowingly infected with the agents of ehrlichiosis and Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) found no clinical illness among the recipients of RBCs and platelets donated by these soldiers. 32 Ongoing malaria surveillance in the United States by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) continues to identify cases in immigrants and in residents and travelers to areas of the world where malaria transmission still occurs. 110, 111 An active investigation to determine whether transfusion associated-vCJD transmission occurs in humans began in the United Kingdom in 1997 by identifying vCJD patients who donated blood before illness. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7152373/ doi: 10.1016/b978-0-443-06981-9.50053-3 id: cord-304437-ezqghyid author: Palmieri, Tina L. title: Children are not little adults: blood transfusion in children with burn injury date: 2017-08-15 words: 3886 sentences: 218 pages: flesch: 46 cache: ./cache/cord-304437-ezqghyid.txt txt: ./txt/cord-304437-ezqghyid.txt summary: Children in particular have a different physiology than adults, which needs to be considered prior to transfusing blood and blood products. This article describes the physiologic differences between children and adults in general and after burn injury and describes how these differences impact blood transfusion practices in children. This article will discuss how differences in the physiologic, hematologic, metabolic, and immunologic systems in burned children impact blood transfusion requirements. Hyperkalemia has been associated with cardiac arrest during large blood volume transfusions intraoperatively in children and infants receiving exchange transfusions [9, 10] . 2. Cardiac function, mean blood volume, and normal hemoglobin levels are age-dependent in children; hence, children have a higher blood transfusion/unit volume ratio. Transfusion-related graft-versus-host reaction, in which the lymphocytes in the transfused blood cause host cell destruction, occurs primarily in immunocompromised patients and has been reported in neonates and immunocompromised children [25] [26] [27] [28] . abstract: Blood transfusion in burns larger than 20% total body surface area (TBSA) are frequent due to operative procedures, blood sampling, and physiologic response to burn injury. Optimizing the use of blood transfusions requires an understanding of the physiology of burn injury, the risks and benefits of blood transfusion, and the indications for transfusion. Age also plays a role in determining blood transfusion requirements. Children in particular have a different physiology than adults, which needs to be considered prior to transfusing blood and blood products. This article describes the physiologic differences between children and adults in general and after burn injury and describes how these differences impact blood transfusion practices in children. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41038-017-0090-z doi: 10.1186/s41038-017-0090-z id: cord-016248-dxk0i6t7 author: Papa, Joey C. title: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation date: 2009 words: 6907 sentences: 357 pages: flesch: 49 cache: ./cache/cord-016248-dxk0i6t7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-016248-dxk0i6t7.txt summary: Indications for support in patients with cardiac pathology are based on clinical signs of decreased peripheral perfusion, including hypotension, despite the administration of fl uid resuscitation and inotropes, oliguria (urine output < 0.5 ml/kg/h), an elevated arterial lactate, and a decreased SvO 2 . The advantages of VV and DLVV over VA ECMO include avoidance of arterial cannulation and permanent ligation of the carotid artery, maintaining pulsatile fl ow to the patient, continued blood fl ow to the lungs, and avoiding arterial emboli. Weaning and Decannulation: As the patient''s underlying process improves, less blood fl ow is required to pass through the ECMO circuit in order to maintain adequate tissue oxygenation. According to the 2005 ELSO registry, 13.2% of neonates and 43% of pediatric patients treated with ECMO for respiratory failure required the use of inotropes while on bypass. The incidence of acute renal failure was 10% in neonates and 14% in pediatric patients on ECMO for respiratory support, with 10-15% requiring hemofi ltration or dialysis. abstract: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving technology that uses partial heart and lung bypass for extended periods. It is not a therapeutic modality, but rather a supportive tool that provides suf-fi cient gas exchange and perfusion for patients with acute, reversible cardiac or respiratory failure. This affords the patient's cardiopulmonary system time to rest, sparing them from the deleterious effects of traumatic mechanical ventilation and perfusion impairment. The Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) was formed in 1989 by a collaboration of physicians, nurses, perfusionists, and scientists with an interest in ECMO. The group provides an international registry that collects data from almost all ECMO centers in the United States and throughout the world. At the end of 2005, ELSO registered nearly 30,000 neonatal and pediatric patients treated with ECMO for a variety of cardiopulmonary disorders with an overall survival rate of 66%. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120477/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-69560-8_32 id: cord-339705-x8l3zgfd author: Patil, Vijaykumar title: An association between fingerprint patterns with blood group and lifestyle based diseases: a review date: 2020-08-18 words: 19191 sentences: 980 pages: flesch: 52 cache: ./cache/cord-339705-x8l3zgfd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-339705-x8l3zgfd.txt summary: Due to the immense potential of fingerprints as an effective method of identification, the present research paper tries to investigate the problem of blood group identification and analysis of diseases those arises with aging like hypertension, type 2-diabetes and arthritis from a fingerprint by analyzing their patterns correlation with blood group and age of an individual. The fingerprint having basic four categories which are loop, whorl, arch and composites but also there are more than 100 interleaved ridge and valleys which explore unique characteristics of an individual which will help to design Deep Neural Network or Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) which predict blood group and common clinical diseases like hypertension, type 2-diabetes and arthritis. From the present investigation, the accompanying ends are drawn: (1) Loops are the most regularly discovered fingerprint pattern and arches are minimal normal in the two guys and females and furthermore in "ABO" blood groups. abstract: In the current era of the digital world, the hash of any digital means considered as a footprint or fingerprint of any digital term but from the ancient era, human fingerprint considered as the most trustworthy criteria for identification and it also cannot be changed with time even up to the death of an individual. In the court of law, fingerprint-proof is undeniably the most dependable and acceptable evidence to date. Fingerprint designs are exclusive in each human and the chance of two individuals having identical fingerprints is an exceptional case about one in sixty-four thousand million also the fingerprint minutiae patterns of the undistinguishable twins are different, and the ridge pattern of each fingertip remain unchanged from birth to till death. Fingerprints can be divided into basic four categories i.e. Loop, whorl, arch, and composites, nevertheless, there are more than 100 interleaved ridge and valleys physiognomies, called Galton’s details, in a single rolled fingerprint. Due to the immense potential of fingerprints as an effective method of identification, the present research paper tries to investigate the problem of blood group identification and analysis of diseases those arises with aging like hypertension, type 2-diabetes and arthritis from a fingerprint by analyzing their patterns correlation with blood group and age of an individual. The work has been driven by studies of anthropometry, biometric trademark, and pattern recognition proposing that it is possible to predict blood group using fingerprint map reading. Dermatoglyphics as a diagnostic aid used from ancient eras and now it is well established in number of diseases which have strong hereditary basis and is employed as a method for screening for abnormal anomalies. Apart from its use in predicting the diagnosis of disease; dermatoglyphics is also used in forensic medicine in individual identification, physical anthropology, human genetics and medicine. However, the Machine and Deep Learning techniques, if used for fingerprint minutiae patterns to be trained by Neural Network for blood group prediction and classification of common clinical diseases arises with aging based on lifestyle would be an unusual research work. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-020-09891-w doi: 10.1007/s10462-020-09891-w id: cord-252273-mykwzlsu author: Politis, Constantina title: Post-donation information and haemovigilance reporting for COVID-19 in Greece: information supporting the absence of SARS-CoV-2 possible transmission through blood components date: 2020-10-20 words: 1681 sentences: 95 pages: flesch: 48 cache: ./cache/cord-252273-mykwzlsu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-252273-mykwzlsu.txt summary: Post-donation, post-transfusion information and molecular testing of swab samples collected from three asymptomatic donors at risk for COVID-19, revealed the case of an immunosupressed patient who had been transfused with whole blood derived platelets from a donor subsequently diagnosed with COVID-19. According to the case report described for the first time by Cho et al., the transfusion of apheresis platelets to a patient diagnosed with severe aplastic anaemia from a donor who was subsequently diagnosed with COVID-19 did not result in the transmission of the disease 14 . In our study we describe the haemovigilance data over a surveillance period of three months (March to May 2020) when prevalence of the virus was high, focusing on post-donation and post-transfusion information regarding the transfusion to an immunocompromised patient of whole blood derived platelets from a donor who was subsequently diagnosed with COVID-19. abstract: Background. Although the SARS-CoV-2 virus is transmitted mainly through the respiratory tract, possible transmission by transfusion from asymptomatic carriers should be explored. As yet there are no reports of transfusion transmission of COVID-19. Haemovigilance findings within a three-month surveillance period during the new coronavirus pandemic are presented. Materials and methods. Due to great demand and shortage, blood sessions in outpatient facilities were organized during the high prevalence period of COVID-19, alongside a national plan to monitor the evolving public health situation by random molecular screening of high-risk groups of the population. Haemovigilance protocols were implemented as well as surveillance for any COVID-19 case reported post-transfusion. A 14-day quarantine and follow-up molecular and antibody testing of any COVID-19 positive case was obligatory. Results. Post-donation, post-transfusion information and molecular testing of swab samples collected from three asymptomatic donors at risk for COVID-19, revealed the case of an immunosupressed patient who had been transfused with whole blood derived platelets from a donor subsequently diagnosed with COVID-19. The recipient exhibited no symptoms of the disease. Molecular and antibody testing results were negative. Conclusion. Haemovigilance provided information supporting the absence of transfusion transmission of COVID-19, thus strengthening the hypothesis that, even if it cannot yet be definitively ruled out, COVID-19 is not transmitted through blood transfusion. As of early June 2020, a perfect test does not exist, therefore haemovigilance along with the implementation of strict proactive measures is crucial to identify eluding asymptomatic individuals and ensure blood safety during the pandemic. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1246782020301452?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.tracli.2020.10.007 id: cord-315293-kng4z4kf author: Quesenberry, Katherine E. title: Basic Approach to Veterinary Care of Ferrets date: 2020-05-29 words: 9032 sentences: 530 pages: flesch: 51 cache: ./cache/cord-315293-kng4z4kf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-315293-kng4z4kf.txt summary: Most ferrets become relaxed with this hold, and the veterinarian can examine the oral cavity, head, and body; palpate the abdomen; vaccinate; and clean the ears. In a safety and efficacy study, Galaxy D proved effective in preventing canine distemper in young ferrets challenged after serial vaccination. Recombitek CDV (Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health) is also a recombinant canarypox vaccine approved for use in dogs that has been used in ferrets. 14 Two inactivated (killed) rabies vaccines are approved for use in ferrets in the United States: Imrab-3 or Imrab-3 TF (Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health) and Defensor 1 or Defensor 3 (Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ). In another study of 143 ferrets, the incidence of adverse events after administering either canine distemper (5.9%) (Fervac D), rabies (5.6%) (Imrab-3), or both vaccines (5.6%) did not differ significantly between groups. Intraosseous blood transfusions can be given to ferrets if an intravenous catheter cannot be placed. abstract: The approach to preventive medicine and basic veterinary care in ferrets is very similar to that used in dogs and cats. Special equipment needs are minimal, and pet ferrets can be easily incorporated into a general small animal practice. This chapter describes the unique aspects of handling, restraint, and clinical and treatment techniques used in ferrets. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323484350000022 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-323-48435-0.00002-2 id: cord-278174-znc99yos author: Ramsey, Glenn title: Managing recalls and withdrawals of blood components date: 2004-01-31 words: 4900 sentences: 251 pages: flesch: 49 cache: ./cache/cord-278174-znc99yos.txt txt: ./txt/cord-278174-znc99yos.txt summary: Abstract Donor centers are issuing a growing number of recalls and market withdrawals to hospital transfusion services about blood components. Using the FDA''s categories of donor center biological product deviations, we provide recommendations to consider for when to notify the recipient''s physician, after postdonation information is received about a previously transfused blood component. If a blood product has been transfused from a donor who should have been ineligible at the time of donation, then "we recommend that the establishments consider notifying the treating physician of those recipients about the post donation information, including whether the donor developed suspected SARS." Donors are deferred for 28 days after recovering from suspected SARS or for 14 days after exposure to a person with SARS or travel to SARS-risk areas. abstract: Abstract Donor centers are issuing a growing number of recalls and market withdrawals to hospital transfusion services about blood components. More than 1 in 2,000 units were recalled in the late 1990s in the United States. The most common reason for these notices from donor centers is postdonation donor information. Most of these units had been transfused, and many present a “risk of a risk” (ie, a problem might have been present that might have affected the recipient). A few regulations and standards address recalls in general terms, but transfusion services generally have wide discretion in the management of specific common recall problems. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is now including posttransfusion evaluations in its guidelines for emerging infectious threats to the blood supply. We suggest that hospital transfusion services should have standard operating procedures for managing recalls and that the hospital transfusion committee and the quality management program should provide local input or oversight. Using the FDA’s categories of donor center biological product deviations, we provide recommendations to consider for when to notify the recipient’s physician, after postdonation information is received about a previously transfused blood component. More study of this important everyday issue in transfusion medicine is highly desirable. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14689376/ doi: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2003.10.005 id: cord-318598-pzlf2zpc author: Roberts, Brian K. title: Basic Shock Physiology and Critical Care date: 2016-04-28 words: 4995 sentences: 327 pages: flesch: 44 cache: ./cache/cord-318598-pzlf2zpc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318598-pzlf2zpc.txt summary: This article discusses the pathophysiology of shock and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, which may lead to organ dysfunction, organ failure, sepsis, and death. If perfusion, effective circulating volume, cardiac output, and/or oxygen delivery do not improve from compensatory mechanisms, additional symptoms of prolonged capillary refill, poor pulse quality, and hypotension occur. When there is significant hypovolemia, trauma, or sepsis with resultant sympathetic-induced vasoconstriction, the splanchnic vasculature is affected, 50 leading to ischemic injury and loss of the protective gastrointestinal barrier, which is primarily sustained because of normal capillary mucosal blood flow. [56] [57] [58] In rats, typical increases in heart rate Basic Shock Physiology and Critical Care and sympathetic response occur during sepsis and shock, characterized by tachycardia and decreased mean arterial pressure. 62 One study of rabbits that underwent experimental hemorrhagic shock by removing 26% of blood volume noted tachycardia, hypotension, and significantly decreased cardiac output versus controls. abstract: Veterinarians practicing emergency medicine and/or working with exotic animals must be well versed in the pathophysiology of shock because many exotic pets present with an acute crisis or an acute manifestation of a chronic process causing poor organ perfusion. This article discusses the pathophysiology of shock and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, which may lead to organ dysfunction, organ failure, sepsis, and death. The physiology of perfusion, perfusion measurements, categories of shock, and altered function of the immune system, gastrointestinal barrier, and coagulation system are discussed. Veterinarians providing emergency care to patients with shock must also be aware of comorbidities. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27131156/ doi: 10.1016/j.cvex.2016.01.010 id: cord-349803-tsjgypy5 author: Rouka, Erasmia title: The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the adequacy of blood supply: Specialists in Transfusion Medicine need to establish models of preparedness date: 2020-09-28 words: 663 sentences: 38 pages: flesch: 49 cache: ./cache/cord-349803-tsjgypy5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-349803-tsjgypy5.txt summary: title: The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the adequacy of blood supply: Specialists in Transfusion Medicine need to establish models of preparedness The management of transfusion services in disasters like the pandemic is of critical importance for any blood bank [1] . A study by Zimrin and Hess (2007) on the effect of a modern pandemic influenza on blood supply in the United States (US) predicted that transfusion services are likely to face significant losses of blood donors, personnel, supplies and reagents [2] . Simulation models for the blood supply system in threats like the pandemics have been developed in the US as reported by two independent studies [4] [5] . Planning for pandemic influenza: effect of a pandemic on the supply and demand for blood products in the United States An Interregional US Blood Supply Simulation Model to Evaluate Blood Availability to Support Planning for Emergency Preparedness and Medical Countermeasures Management of blood supplies during an influenza pandemic abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transci.2020.102960 doi: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.102960 id: cord-003974-cr6omr9l author: Rutter, Sara title: How do we … integrate pathogen reduced platelets into our hospital blood bank inventory? date: 2019-03-18 words: 5355 sentences: 271 pages: flesch: 46 cache: ./cache/cord-003974-cr6omr9l.txt txt: ./txt/cord-003974-cr6omr9l.txt summary: Initial methods included screening donors for travel histories to banned areas and for high-risk behaviors, but pathogen-specific assays performed at the collection and manufacturing sites also have become key factors in assuring blood safety. In recent years, the Food and Drug Administration has approved rapid tests to identify bacterially contaminated PLT units in the blood bank before transfusion. In recent years, the Food and Drug Administration has approved rapid tests to identify bacterially contaminated PLT units in the blood bank before transfusion. Pathogen reduction (PR) of platelet (PLT) concentrates using a psoralen as the photoactivating agent is a relatively new Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved technology that has been deemed suitable by the Agency for all patient demographics. Thus, after receipt of a request for PLTs, either a PR unit or a conventional non-PR unit (the latter tested with the PGD assay if stored for 5 days before distribution), would be issued by the blood bank staff as equivalent products without concern for patient acuity or demographics. abstract: For more than 50 years there has been an ongoing effort to combat transfusion‐transmitted infections and provide patients with the safest possible blood. This initiative has driven much of the research within the transfusion community. Initial methods included screening donors for travel histories to banned areas and for high‐risk behaviors, but pathogen‐specific assays performed at the collection and manufacturing sites also have become key factors in assuring blood safety. Many of these have focused on donor and laboratory‐based screening for transfusion‐transmitted diseases, as evidenced by the hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus screening in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. More recently, this effort has expanded to develop donor screening assays to identify other blood‐borne pathogens, such as Zika and West Nile viruses and Babesia. Bacterial contamination of units of platelets (PLTs), however, remains a significant concern. In recent years, the Food and Drug Administration has approved rapid tests to identify bacterially contaminated PLT units in the blood bank before transfusion. Other supplemental methods have been developed, however, that aim to inactivate blood‐borne pathogen(s) present in the blood product, rather than to rely on our ability to identify and interdict contaminated and infected components. Pathogen reduction technology, as this is referred to, provides a proactive way to further reduce the risk posed by transfusion‐transmitted infections. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6850142/ doi: 10.1111/trf.15241 id: cord-261788-f728j3bb author: Sabater González, Mikel title: Emergencies and Critical Care of Commonly Kept Fowl date: 2016-03-02 words: 7742 sentences: 493 pages: flesch: 47 cache: ./cache/cord-261788-f728j3bb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-261788-f728j3bb.txt summary: 3 A complete anamnesis should include, but is not restricted to, species; breed; age; gender; presenting complaint; source of the bird; diet; number of birds in the household; open or closed flock; acquisition date; date of the last addition to the flock; number and species of animals affected; potential exposure to toxins; length of illness; changes in behavior; history of previous diseases, treatments, and outcomes; reproductive history; and clinical signs, including their duration and progression. However, Newcastle disease, avian influenza, and infectious laryngotracheitis are all rare in backyard poultry, and the most common causative agent of sinusitis in fowl in the US is Mycoplasma. Infectious bronchitis is caused by a highly infectious coronavirus and is characterized by having 2 main presentations depending on the age of the infected animals; in young chicks, respiratory disease is the predominant manifestation, whereas salpingitis and the subsequent decrease in egg production is most commonly seen in older laying hens. abstract: Fowl are birds belonging to one of the 2 biological orders, the game fowl or land fowl (Galliformes) and the waterfowl (Anseriformes). Studies of anatomic and molecular similarities suggest these two groups are close evolutionary relatives. Multiple fowl species have a long history of domestication. Fowl are considered food-producing animals in most countries and clinicians should follow legislation regarding reportable diseases and antibiotic use, even if they are pets. This article reviews aspects of emergency care for most commonly kept fowl, including triage, patient assessment, diagnostic procedures, supportive care, short-term hospitalization, and common emergency presentations. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26948266/ doi: 10.1016/j.cvex.2016.01.007 id: cord-323906-ro078y52 author: Sardu, Celestino title: Implications of AB0 blood group in hypertensive patients with covid-19 date: 2020-08-14 words: 3581 sentences: 178 pages: flesch: 41 cache: ./cache/cord-323906-ro078y52.txt txt: ./txt/cord-323906-ro078y52.txt summary: CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our data indicate that non-0 covid-19 hypertensive patients have significantly higher values of pro-thrombotic indexes, as well as higher rate of cardiac injury and deaths compared to 0 patients. Actually, although hypertension is known to trigger endothelial dysfunction and a pro-thrombotic status [9] , no data are currently available exploring the association of AB0 group with inflammatory/thrombotic status in hypertensive patients with diagnosis of covid-19.Therefore, in this study we investigated the inflammatory/thrombotic status and clinical outcomes as cardiac injury and death in hypertensive patients with covid-19,comparing 0 vs. Then, we performed a multivariate analysis, which revealed that interleukin-6 (IL-6, 1.118, CI 95% 1.067-1.171) and non-0 blood group (2.574, CI 95% 1.207-5.490) were identified as independent predictors of cardiac injury in hypertensive patients with covid-19 (Table 2) . In this sense, it is critical to note that we found that the non-0 blood group results in 2.6-fold and 3.7-fold increased risk to develop cardiac injury and death in hypertensive patients with covid-19. abstract: BACKGROUND: Hypertension is the most frequent co-morbidity in patients with covid-19 infection, and we might speculate that a specific blood group could play a key role in the clinical outcome of hypertensive patients with covid-19. METHODS: In this prospective study, we compared 0 vs. non-0 blood group in hypertensive patients with covid-19 infection. In these patients, we evaluated inflammatory and thrombotic status, cardiac injury, and death events. RESULTS: Patients in non-0 (n = 92) vs. 0 blood group (n = 72) had significantly different values of activated pro-thrombin time, D-dimer, and thrombotic indexes as Von Willebrand factor and Factor VIII (p < 0.05). Furthermore, patients in non-0 vs. 0 blood group had higher rate of cardiac injury (10 (13.9%) vs. 27 (29.3%)) and death, (6 (8.3%) vs. 18 (19.6%)), (p < 0.05). At the multivariate analysis, Interleukin-6 (1.118, CI 95% 1.067–1.171) and non-0 blood group (2.574, CI 95% 1.207–5.490) were independent predictors of cardiac injury in hypertensive patients with covid-19. D-dimer (1.082, CI 95% 1.027–1.140), Interleukin-6 (1.216, CI 95% 1.082–1.367) and non-0 blood group (3.706, CI 95% 1.223–11.235) were independent predictors of deaths events in hypertensive patients with covid-19. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our data indicate that non-0 covid-19 hypertensive patients have significantly higher values of pro-thrombotic indexes, as well as higher rate of cardiac injury and deaths compared to 0 patients. Moreover, AB0 blood type influences worse prognosis in hypertensive patients with covid-19 infection. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-020-01658-z doi: 10.1186/s12872-020-01658-z id: cord-102668-1yc38ok1 author: Siddiqui, Shoib S. title: Acidosis, Zinc and HMGB1 in Sepsis: A Common Connection Involving Sialoglycan Recognition date: 2020-07-15 words: 5387 sentences: 292 pages: flesch: 50 cache: ./cache/cord-102668-1yc38ok1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-102668-1yc38ok1.txt summary: Blood pH is tightly regulated between 7.35-7.45, with values below 7.3 during sepsis being associated with lactic acidosis, low serum zinc, and release of proinflammatory HMGB1 from activated and/or necrotic cells. The mechanisms underlying lethality associated with low blood pH are not clear, but include low zinc levels and release from apoptotic or necrotic cells of HMGB1, a damageassociated molecular pattern (DAMP) defined as one of the late mediators of sepsis, further upregulating many other proinflammatory cytokines (10) (11) (12) . Here we report one plausible explanation for the tight regulation of blood pH between 7.35-7.45, showing that even a slight reduction to pH 7.2 abolishes the zinc-dependent sequestration of HMGB1 by plasma sialoglycoproteins, releasing it to bind to activating receptors on neutrophils. During sepsis, the drop in pH and zinc concentration of the blood leads to disruption of HMGB1''s binding with sialic acid, enabling the free HMGB1 to bind with TLRs and RAGE present on immune cells and the endothelium. abstract: Blood pH is tightly regulated between 7.35-7.45, with values below 7.3 during sepsis being associated with lactic acidosis, low serum zinc, and release of proinflammatory HMGB1 from activated and/or necrotic cells. Using an ex vivo whole blood system to model lactic acidosis, we show that while HMGB1 does not engage leukocyte receptors at physiological pH, lowering pH with lactic acid facilitates binding. At normal pH, micromolar zinc supports plasma sialoglycoprotein binding by HMGB1, which is markedly reduced when pH is adjusted with lactic acid to sepsis levels. Glycan array studies confirmed zinc and pH-dependent HMGB1 binding to sialoglycans typical of plasma glycoproteins. Thus, proinflammatory effects of HMGB1 are suppressed via plasma sialoglycoproteins until drops in pH and zinc release HMGB1 to trigger downstream immune activation. Significance Statement HMGB1 sequestered by plasma sialoglycoproteins at physiological pH is released when pH and zinc concentrations fall in sepsis. url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.15.198010 doi: 10.1101/2020.07.15.198010 id: cord-032181-gmcugd8h author: Song, Jian-Xin title: Main Complications of AECHB and Severe Hepatitis B (Liver Failure) date: 2019-05-21 words: 51165 sentences: 2516 pages: flesch: 37 cache: ./cache/cord-032181-gmcugd8h.txt txt: ./txt/cord-032181-gmcugd8h.txt summary: 3. Hepatorenal syndrome, which is characterized by renal failure, hemodynamic changes in arterial circulation and abnormalities in the endogenous vascular system, is a common clinical complication of end-stage liver disease, and one of the important indicators for the prognosis of patients with severe hepatitis. The latest report indicated that basic laboratory examinations for coagulation function testing in common use at present, such as PT, APTT, international normalized ratio (INR) etc., have little correlation with occurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding in these patients, thereby revealing the importance to search and pay close attention to those complicating disease upregulating bleeding risk, such as bacterial infection, renal failure, hemodynamic change after portal hypertension, dysfunction of endotheliocyte as well as macrophagocyte and so on [107] . abstract: This chapter describes the clinical features, and diagnosis of complications in AECHB including secondary bacterial infections, coagulation disorder, water electrolyte disorder, hepatorenal syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatopulmonary syndrome and endotoxemia: 1. Patients with severe hepatitis have impaired immunity and are therefore vulnerable to all kinds of infections. After infection, these patients may experience shock, DIC and multiple organ failure, all of which seriously affect their prognosis and are major causes of death. Concurrent infections consist primarily of infections of the lungs, intestines, biliary tract, and urinary tract, as well as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and sepsis. 2. Severe hepatitis may reduce the synthesis of coagulation factors and enhance their dysfunction and increase anticoagulants and platelet abnormalities, leading to coagulopathy. Infection, hepatorenal syndrome and complications can further aggravate coagulopathy, resulting in DIC and seriously affecting patient prognosis. 3. Hepatorenal syndrome, which is characterized by renal failure, hemodynamic changes in arterial circulation and abnormalities in the endogenous vascular system, is a common clinical complication of end-stage liver disease, and one of the important indicators for the prognosis of patients with severe hepatitis. 4. Water electrolyte disorder (water retention, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hyperkalaemia) and acid-base imbalance are common in patients with severe hepatitis. These internal environment disorders can lead to exacerbation and complication of the illness. 5. Hepatic encephalopathy is a neurological and psychiatric anomaly syndrome based on metabolic disorder, and an important prognostic indicator for patients with severe hepatitis. 6. The hepatopulmonary syndrome is an important vascular complication in lungs due to systemic hypoxemia in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. The majority of patients with HPS are asymptomatic. Long-term oxygen therapy remains the most frequently recommended therapy for symptoms in patients with severe hypoxemia. 7. Endotoxemia, an important complication of severe hepatitis, is not only a second hit to the liver, but also leads to other complications including SIRS and MODS. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7498917/ doi: 10.1007/978-94-024-1603-9_2 id: cord-016871-1mlamf20 author: Streiff, Agathe title: Hemorrhage and Transfusions in the Surgical Patient date: 2012-10-30 words: 9056 sentences: 429 pages: flesch: 46 cache: ./cache/cord-016871-1mlamf20.txt txt: ./txt/cord-016871-1mlamf20.txt summary: In acutely bleeding patients, massive transfusion protocols are often activated in order to ef fi caciously restore blood volume and hemostasis and thawed plasma is critical to their success [ 5, 6 ] . DCR is also supported by fi ndings from the US Army''s Institute of Surgical Research, which demonstrated improvement in outcomes in severely bleeding patients who were transfused in ratios of products similar to whole blood. However, some groups have shown that those patients receiving less than massive transfusion levels may still bene fi t from higher plasma to red blood cell ratios [ 20 ] . Silver et al.''s randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigated the role of epoetin alfa, a recombinant erythropoietin, in reducing the RBC transfusion requirement of long-term acute care patients, thereby reducing risks associated with transfusions [ 29 ] . abstract: Hemorrhage is the leading cause of intraoperative deaths. Many cardiovascular and hepatobiliary procedures result in massive hemorrhage and postpartum hemorrhage events in labor and delivery place the patient at a high risk for mortality. Gastrointestinal bleeding from diverticulosis, varices, and ulcer disease can result in significant blood loss requiring massive transfusion and resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock. Timely and effective transfusion of blood products is of critical in these scenarios. The frequency in which blood component products are transfused in surgical patients begs for a greater understanding of them. The aim of this chapter is to provide clinicians with a discussion of the current literature on the various blood component products, their indications, and unique hemostatic conditions in the surgical patient. While the majority of data concerning optimal management of acquired coagulopathy and hemorrhagic shock resuscitation is based on trauma patients, many of the principles can and should be applied to the surgical patient (or likely any patient) with profound hemorrhage. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7121296/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6123-4_12 id: cord-354640-5p79qpok author: Taylor, Kirk A. title: Blood and Bone: The quarantine chronicles date: 2020-06-28 words: 1952 sentences: 106 pages: flesch: 61 cache: ./cache/cord-354640-5p79qpok.txt txt: ./txt/cord-354640-5p79qpok.txt summary: In this forum, we reflect on a series that allowed global scientists to come together to help shape chaos into an opportunity for community and growth. Using this technology of live information sharing and streaming talks via Zoom and YouTube meant that we were able to reach an even wider audience than a traditional conference; this came with its own particular set of advantages and drawbacks. "Reading" a virtual room can be challenging, but not having audience videos meant that the system was capable of handling large viewing figures (up to 1000), and most talks attracted more attendees and engagement than a traditional conference presentation. Apart from the practicalities of time zones, to increase diversity of both speakers and attendees, conferences must be safe spaces that confront discrimination. Dr Machlus may have had the idea and sent that first email, but it was the hematopoiesis and hemostasis/thrombosis communities that brought the Blood and Bone seminar to life. abstract: In the midst of the chaos of the global pandemic, the online daily webinar series Blood and Bone was created. The series started with a blank schedule on a google doc and, with enthusiasm and participation from the hematopoiesis and hemostasis/thrombosis communities, was quickly filled through September 2020. In the absence of any editing of the speaker list, a diverse, well‐balanced, and scientifically exciting program emerged. The seminar is hosted on Zoom and live‐streamed on YouTube daily, and can accommodate up to 1000 attendees. Attendance has topped over 600 and averages 200 to 300 people daily; this has been sustained for 10 weeks. In addition, there is a weekly Thursday trainee series that hosts three 20‐minute seminars. In this forum, we reflect on a series that allowed global scientists to come together to help shape chaos into an opportunity for community and growth. url: https://doi.org/10.1002/rth2.12394 doi: 10.1002/rth2.12394 id: cord-022474-xxy83c6u author: Tenorio, Grace C. title: Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology date: 2007 words: 12087 sentences: 627 pages: flesch: 44 cache: ./cache/cord-022474-xxy83c6u.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022474-xxy83c6u.txt summary: Current blood separators can collect granulocytes at high yields (20 to 30 10 9 granulocytes) from donors stimulated with recombinant granulocyte colonystimulating factor (G-CSF) and steroids; however, granulocyte transfusions lost popularity between 1985 and 1995 because of reported adverse pulmonary reactions and marginal clinical results. Patients with Chido (Ch) and Rogers (Rg) antibodies (against the Ch/Rg blood group antigens carried by complement C4d of the classic complement pathway) also exhibit anaphylactoid reactions following plasma product transfusions. Major strategies available to reduce transmission include: stringent donor selection and laboratory testing; use of autologous blood, pharmacological substitutes, or new transfusion strategies; inactivation of residual infectious agents in the units to be transfused, and limiting the number of donor exposures and allogeneic transfusions. HIV is transmitted by both cellular blood components and plasma; however, both types of HTLV are highly cell-associated and require viable lymphocytes for transfusion transmission. Despite transfusions of "CMV-reduced-risk blood components," a few marrow transplant patients (1 to 4%) still develop primary CMV infection. abstract: Blood transfusion is essential and vital in the successful treatment of many malignant and nonmalignant hematological disorders. Children with thalassemia, adults with myelodysplastic syndromes, and patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemias, leukemias, or aplastic anemias become chronically dependent on blood transfusions. Modern treatment procedures such as high-dose chemotherapy and progenitor cell transplantation require intensive support with blood components and products. The serological basis of blood transfusion, the available blood components and products, and adverse effects of blood transfusion with special emphasis on infectious disease transmission are discussed in this chapter. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7155745/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-149-9_22 id: cord-023168-cd7adns8 author: Thachil, Jecko title: Haematological Diseases in the Tropics date: 2013-10-21 words: 30224 sentences: 1724 pages: flesch: 44 cache: ./cache/cord-023168-cd7adns8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023168-cd7adns8.txt summary: The most useful laboratory measure of iron status Low value is diagnostic in the presence of anaemia Very high values (>100 µg/L) usually exclude iron deficiency'' Being an acute-phase protein, it increases in inflammatory conditions, and certain malignancies, making it unreliable Also increased in tissue damage especially of the liver Levels are falsely decreased in vitamin C deficiency and hypothyroidism Erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin An intermediate in haem biosynthesis and elevated concentrations indicate interrupted haem synthesis due to iron deficiency when zinc is incorporated in place of iron Can be measured on a drop of blood with a portable haematofluorometer Small sample size makes it very useful as a screening test in field surveys, particularly in children, and pregnant women where inflammatory states may not co-exist Red cells should be washed before measurement (serum bilirubin and fluorescent compounds like some drugs can give falsely high values) although not often done Lead poisoning can give falsely high values Rarely acute myeloid leukaemia and sideroblastic anaemia give slightly high values Useful in that it is not increased in thalassaemias WHO recommends normal level >70 µmol/mol haem Iron studies Serum iron concentration represents the iron entering and leaving the circulation. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167525/ doi: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-5101-2.00066-2 id: cord-280379-1o9tzwjg author: Touyz, Louis Z. G. title: Liquorice Health Check, Oro-Dental Implications, and a Case Report date: 2009-07-08 words: 2950 sentences: 176 pages: flesch: 45 cache: ./cache/cord-280379-1o9tzwjg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-280379-1o9tzwjg.txt summary: This paper appraises liquorice provides a reality check of its properties (botanical sources, chemical structure, active liquorice ingredient, physiological/pharmacological activity, some common liquorice containing consumables), their systemic impact on health, a typical case report of liquorice-induced hypertension, and effects of consumption of liquorice on oro-dental structures. At 75 mg daily glycyrrhetenic acid (derived from 50 G/day liquorice), a raising effect on blood pressure is noted after 2 weeks. This on its own is rare, yet not infrequent when encountered clinically and usually occurs in diuretic medicated patients unwittingly combining consumption of commercial products containing high amounts of liquorice extract like chewing tobacco, laxatives, or confections with concentrated liquorice extracts [9] [10] [11] . Health care workers, including all in the dental team, discovering new hypertension patients, or noting a history of taking diuretics, should always enquire about consumption or use of any liquorice containing product [14] . abstract: Liquorice has an active substance, Glycyrrhizin which inhibits the conversion of precursor cortisol to cortisone by inhibiting the enzyme 11-betahydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. When imbibed, liquorice acts like hyperaldosteronism which presents with typical symptoms including high blood pressure, low blood potassium, and muscle pain and weakness. This article appraises physiological and pharmacological effects on health of liquorice, critiques products containing liquorice, describes a typical case report of liquorice-induced hypertension, and appraises oral effects from consumption of liquorice products. url: https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/170735 doi: 10.1155/2009/170735 id: cord-026559-xx52u01h author: Tripathi, Siddhartha title: Blood Plasma Microfluidic Device: Aiming for the Detection of COVID-19 Antibodies Using an On-Chip ELISA Platform date: 2020-06-10 words: 2010 sentences: 125 pages: flesch: 52 cache: ./cache/cord-026559-xx52u01h.txt txt: ./txt/cord-026559-xx52u01h.txt summary: title: Blood Plasma Microfluidic Device: Aiming for the Detection of COVID-19 Antibodies Using an On-Chip ELISA Platform We propose to first separate plasma from whole human blood using a microfluidic device and subsequently perform the detection of antibodies in the separated plasma using a semi-automated on-chip ELISA. The reported plasma separation microdevice is not only an alternate to the centrifuge, but it can also be easily integrated with a biosensing platform/detection technology (for example, ELISA) and result in a point-of-care device. (2020) have reported successful detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus with high sensitivity in swab specimens Fig. 1 a Blood plasma microdevice design and zoomed view at the junction. Herein, we propose the integration of sandwich ELISA (enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay) with the blood plasma separation microdevice to detect COVID-19 antibodies after minor modifications in the design. b Experi-mental sandwich ELISA: showing steps to identify the presence of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) antibodies present in blood plasma separated and flows towards the plasma outlet reservoir. abstract: COVID-19 is a public health emergency of international concern. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus is an important step towards containing the virus spread. Although viral detection using molecular diagnostic methods is quite common and efficient, these methods are prone to errors, laborious and time consuming. There is an urgent need for blood-based tests which are simple to use, accurate, less time consuming, portable and cost-effective. Human blood plasma contains water, proteins, organic and in-organic substances including bacteria and viruses. Blood plasma can be effectively used to detect COVID-19 antibodies. The immune system generates antibodies (IgM/IgG proteins) in response to the virus and identification of these antibodies is related to the presence of the infection in the patient in the past. Therefore, detecting and testing the presence of these antibodies will be extremely useful for monitoring and surveillance of the population (Petherick, Lancet 395:1101–1102, 2020). Herein, we describe and propose a microfluidic ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) system to detect COVID-19 antibodies on a lab-on-chip platform. We propose to first separate plasma from whole human blood using a microfluidic device and subsequently perform the detection of antibodies in the separated plasma using a semi-automated on-chip ELISA. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7283038/ doi: 10.1007/s41403-020-00123-9 id: cord-277535-u283k70i author: Vaja, Rakesh title: Drugs and the liver date: 2020-09-22 words: 4012 sentences: 239 pages: flesch: 49 cache: ./cache/cord-277535-u283k70i.txt txt: ./txt/cord-277535-u283k70i.txt summary: Additionally, drugs can also modify how the liver functions and cause dysfunction or even failure of the organ both by a direct effect on the liver or by alteration in liver blood flow. Furthermore, once a patient has been recognized to be suffering with liver dysfunction or failure drug choice and dosing regime will need to be rationalized. After reading this article you should: C understand the mechanisms of drug metabolism by the liver C have an appreciation of alterations to drug choice and dosing regimens in patients with liver disease due to their altered pharmacokinetics C know the management of a patient with paracetamol overdose There are many different isoforms of CYP450, classified according to their amino acid sequencing into families, subfamilies and individual genes. NSAIDS are contraindicated for systemic use in most liver disease patients, because of increased bioavalibilty, the high risk of precipitating gastrointestinal bleeding and renal failure. abstract: The liver is a major organ with multiple functions. A number of drugs are metabolized by the liver during phase 1 and 2 reactions which include complex processes involving cytochrome P450 enzymes. Genetic and acquired variability in cytochrome P450 activity may have profound effects on pharmacokinetics. Additionally, drugs can also modify how the liver functions and cause dysfunction or even failure of the organ both by a direct effect on the liver or by alteration in liver blood flow. It is important to recognize the signs and symptoms of liver failure in patients and identify possible causes including drug interactions. Furthermore, once a patient has been recognized to be suffering with liver dysfunction or failure drug choice and dosing regime will need to be rationalized. Paracetamol overdose can have severe and life threatening consequences for patients due to its effect on liver function. It is the leading cause of acute liver failure in the UK, 1 Correct and early management is crucial and will be discussed within this article. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S1472029920301399 doi: 10.1016/j.mpaic.2020.07.001 id: cord-294684-wfsdjs1f author: Vesnaver, Elisabeth title: Barriers and enablers to source plasma donation by gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men under revised eligibility criteria: protocol for a multiple stakeholder feasibility study date: 2020-11-02 words: 6755 sentences: 329 pages: flesch: 47 cache: ./cache/cord-294684-wfsdjs1f.txt txt: ./txt/cord-294684-wfsdjs1f.txt summary: In anticipation of a move to behaviour-based donation screening for gbMSM in Canada, we aim to assess the acceptability of and perceived barriers and enablers to source plasma donation using revised screening criteria for gbMSM among key stakeholders to inform policy implementation strategies. Key informant interviews and surveys will be rooted in the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify modifiable factors associated with source plasma donation motives in gbMSM and training needs in donation centre staff. Given the historical backdrop of the decades of exclusion of sexually active gbMSM from blood donation, this study has the potential not only to inform a process and policy for gbMSM to donate source plasma, a blood product, but also offers opportunities for new relationships between these knowledge users. This mixed-methods feasibility study will explore the views of gbMSM and donor centre staff regarding source plasma donation and eligibility criteria to better understand the modifiable barriers and enablers to implementing revised eligibility criteria. abstract: BACKGROUND: Blood donation policy in Canada for gay, bisexual and other men who have had sex with men (gbMSM) has changed progressively in the last decade from indefinite deferral to 3-month deferral from last male-to-male sex. Driven by safety data and overseen by the national regulator, more inclusive policies continue to redress the disparity in donation for gbMSM. At the same time, the need for source plasma to prepare fractionated blood products is growing worldwide. The collection and processing of source plasma ensures greater safety compared to whole blood donation with respect to transfusion-transmitted infection. This greater safety offers an opportunity to evolve policies for gbMSM from time-based to behaviour-based deferral using revised eligibility criteria. However, changing policies does not in itself necessarily guarantee that gbMSM will donate or that staff in donor clinics are ready to support them to do so. In anticipation of a move to behaviour-based donation screening for gbMSM in Canada, we aim to assess the acceptability of and perceived barriers and enablers to source plasma donation using revised screening criteria for gbMSM among key stakeholders to inform policy implementation strategies. METHODS: This mixed-methods feasibility study will involve gbMSM and donor centre staff to understand modifiable barriers to implementing more inclusive eligibility criteria. Key informant interviews and surveys will be rooted in the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify modifiable factors associated with source plasma donation motives in gbMSM and training needs in donation centre staff. We will use an integrated knowledge translation approach involving a partnership between researchers, the national blood operator and gbMSM, situating knowledge users as key research team members to ensure their perspectives inform all aspects of the research. DISCUSSION: Our integrated knowledge translation approach will provide a more comprehensive and collaborative understanding of blood operator and gbMSM needs while accelerating the implementation of study findings. Given the historical backdrop of the decades of exclusion of sexually active gbMSM from blood donation, this study has the potential not only to inform a process and policy for gbMSM to donate source plasma, a blood product, but also offers opportunities for new relationships between these knowledge users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33138828/ doi: 10.1186/s12961-020-00643-4 id: cord-004133-32w6g7qk author: Walker, Faye M. title: Advances in Directly Amplifying Nucleic Acids from Complex Samples date: 2019-09-30 words: 13585 sentences: 664 pages: flesch: 42 cache: ./cache/cord-004133-32w6g7qk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-004133-32w6g7qk.txt summary: Studies were included if they involved direct amplification and detection of genetic material from one of six representative sample types: blood, dried blood spot, serum and plasma, saliva and sputum, swabs, urine, and stool. However, it is important to note that the sensitivity does not necessarily suffer in much more concentrated samples-in Liu et al.''s highly robust two-step amplification process with direct hairpin assembly and HCR-based detection of SNP DNA sequences in 50% (v/v) serum, they achieved a very low LOD of 100 pg [119] . However, it is important to note that the sensitivity does not necessarily suffer in much more concentrated samples-in Liu et al.''s highly robust two-step amplification process with direct hairpin assembly and HCR-based detection of SNP DNA sequences in 50% (v/v) serum, they achieved a very low LOD of 100 pg [119] . abstract: Advances in nucleic acid amplification technologies have revolutionized diagnostics for systemic, inherited, and infectious diseases. Current assays and platforms, however, often require lengthy experimental procedures and multiple instruments to remove contaminants and inhibitors from clinically-relevant, complex samples. This requirement of sample preparation has been a bottleneck for using nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) at the point of care (POC), though advances in “lab-on-chip” platforms that integrate sample preparation and NAATs have made great strides in this space. Alternatively, direct NAATs—techniques that minimize or even bypass sample preparation—present promising strategies for developing POC diagnostic tools for analyzing real-world samples. In this review, we discuss the current status of direct NAATs. Specifically, we surveyed potential testing systems published from 1989 to 2017, and analyzed their performances in terms of robustness, sensitivity, clinical relevance, and suitability for POC diagnostics. We introduce bubble plots to facilitate our analysis, as bubble plots enable effective visualization of the performances of these direct NAATs. Through our review, we hope to initiate an in-depth examination of direct NAATs and their potential for realizing POC diagnostics, and ultimately transformative technologies that can further enhance healthcare. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6955841/ doi: 10.3390/bios9040117 id: cord-306798-f28264k3 author: Walsh, Geraldine M. title: Blood-Borne Pathogens: A Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation Symposium date: 2016-02-23 words: 15308 sentences: 723 pages: flesch: 45 cache: ./cache/cord-306798-f28264k3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-306798-f28264k3.txt summary: Transfusion services can employ indirect measures such as surveillance, hemovigilance, and donor questioning (defense), protein-, or nucleic acid based direct testing (detection), or pathogen inactivation of blood products (destruction) as strategies to mitigate the risk of transmission-transmitted infection. Cost concerns make it likely that pathogen inactivation will be contemplated by blood operators through the lens of health economics and risk-based decision making, rather than in zero-risk paradigms previously embraced for transfusable products. Dr Margaret Fearon, CBS Medical Director, Medical Microbiology, and Assistant Professor, University of Toronto, discussed the current prevalence of classical transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) in CBS blood donors, new and emerging infectious diseases, how CBS prepares for and manages new risks, and also addressed new paradigms for risk management. Other transfusion-transmissible diseases are currently being monitored as potential emerging threats to the safety of the blood supply, including babesiosis, hepatitis E, CHIKV, and dengue virus. abstract: Testing donations for pathogens and deferring selected blood donors have reduced the risk of transmission of known pathogens by transfusion to extremely low levels in most developed countries. Protecting the blood supply from emerging infectious threats remains a serious concern in the transfusion medicine community. Transfusion services can employ indirect measures such as surveillance, hemovigilance, and donor questioning (defense), protein-, or nucleic acid based direct testing (detection), or pathogen inactivation of blood products (destruction) as strategies to mitigate the risk of transmission-transmitted infection. In the North American context, emerging threats currently include dengue, chikungunya, and hepatitis E viruses, and Babesia protozoan parasites. The 2003 SARS and 2014 Ebola outbreaks illustrate the potential of epidemics unlikely to be transmitted by blood transfusion but disruptive to blood systems. Donor-free blood products such as ex vivo generated red blood cells offer a theoretical way to avoid transmission-transmitted infection risk, although biological, engineering, and manufacturing challenges must be overcome before this approach becomes practical. Similarly, next generation sequencing of all nucleic acid in a blood sample is currently possible but impractical for generalized screening. Pathogen inactivation systems are in use in different jurisdictions around the world, and are starting to gain regulatory approval in North America. Cost concerns make it likely that pathogen inactivation will be contemplated by blood operators through the lens of health economics and risk-based decision making, rather than in zero-risk paradigms previously embraced for transfusable products. Defense of the blood supply from infectious disease risk will continue to require innovative combinations of surveillance, detection, and pathogen avoidance or inactivation. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmrv.2016.02.003 doi: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2016.02.003 id: cord-317383-uqg0xwdw author: Weiskopf, Richard B. title: The Need for an Artificial Oxygen Carrier for Disasters and Pandemics, Including COVID‐19 date: 2020-09-26 words: 3201 sentences: 201 pages: flesch: 53 cache: ./cache/cord-317383-uqg0xwdw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-317383-uqg0xwdw.txt summary: There are extensive, largely efficient, blood collection and banking systems in developed countries that ordinarily provide stored red cells (at 2-6 C) for these functions, despite relatively brief periods of local or national shortages. 11 b The nuclear disaster at Chernobyl [15] [16] [17] [18] was an operator-and design caused steam explosion followed by a fire and a nine-to-ten day release of a substantial quantity of radioactive material with resultant many long-term medical issues including bone marrow suppression, but with relatively lesser immediate transfusion need, with two deaths in the first 5 hours, and apparently 31 in the first three days, predominantly from burns. Dried plasma is produced in Germany, France, and South Africa, with limited availability of these products outside these countries; a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC) is approved for use in South Africa and Russia. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32978804/ doi: 10.1111/trf.16122 id: cord-023528-z9rc0ubj author: Wilkins, Pamela A. title: Disorders of Foals date: 2009-05-18 words: 42569 sentences: 2235 pages: flesch: 44 cache: ./cache/cord-023528-z9rc0ubj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023528-z9rc0ubj.txt summary: First, restriction of the thorax or the abdomen can result in impaired ventilation, which can occur easily when one restrains a foal and may result in spuriously abnormal arterial blood gas values (see the discussion on arterial blood gas evaluation, Respiratory Diseases Associated with Hypoxemia in the Neonate). Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), currently referred to as neonatal encephalopathy in the human literature, is one systemic manifestation of a broader syndrome of perinatal asphyxia syndrome (PAS), and management of foals with signs consistent with a diagnosis of HIE requires the clinician to examine other body systems fully and to provide therapy directed at treating other involved systems. Therapy for the various manifestations of hypoxiaischemia involves control of seizures, general cerebral support, correction of metabolic abnormalities, maintenance of normal arterial blood gas values, maintenance of tissue perfusion, maintenance of renal function, treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction, prevention and recognition and early treatment of secondary infections, and general supportive care. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7171908/ doi: 10.1016/b0-72-169777-1/50021-4 id: cord-284893-qi6dkcb3 author: Wilson, Kumanan title: Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and the Canadian blood system after the tainted blood tragedy date: 2006-10-02 words: 6797 sentences: 297 pages: flesch: 46 cache: ./cache/cord-284893-qi6dkcb3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-284893-qi6dkcb3.txt summary: The objective of our overall study was to understand and compare the decision-making processes concerning two Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease-related decisions: a 1995 withdrawal of blood products from a classical CJD donor and a 1999 decision to defer donations from individuals who had traveled to the United Kingdom for 6 months during the peak of the BSE outbreak (1980) (1981) (1982) (1983) (1984) (1985) (1986) (1987) (1988) (1989) (1990) (1991) (1992) (1993) (1994) (1995) (1996) . In Canada three pieces of information played an important role in influencing the decision-making process leading to the donor deferral decision: (1) the risk of transmission of vCJD via blood products, (2) the impact of donor deferral on the blood supply, and (3) the degree of reduction in the blood supply the blood system could sustain. abstract: The transfusion transmission of hepatitis C and HIV to thousands of Canadian blood recipients was one of this country's largest public health catastrophes. In response to this crisis, and in an effort to prevent such a tragedy from occurring again, the Canadian blood system has undergone substantial reform. Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob (vCJD) disease was the first infectious threat faced by the blood system since undergoing reform. The response at the time to this risk provides insights into the Canadian blood system's new approach to infectious threats. Our analysis of the decision-making concerning vCJD identifies two dominant themes characterizing the new blood system's approach to safety: (1).. the adoption of a precautionary approach to new risks which involves taking action in advance of definitive evidence, and (2).. risk aversion amongst policy makers, which has contributed to the adoption of safety measures with comparatively high cost-effectiveness ratios. Overall the principles governing the new blood system have contributed to the system both providing protection against emerging infectious risks and regaining the confidence of the public and recipients. However, the current set of policy factors will likely contribute to increasingly risk-averse policy making that will contribute to continued increases in the cost of the blood system. The challenge the blood system now faces is to find the appropriate balance between maximizing safety and ensuring the system remains affordable. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953606004345 doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.08.023 id: cord-350224-dt3li3bk author: Ye, Qingsong title: Safety and efficacy assessment of allogeneic human dental pulp stem cells to treat patients with severe COVID-19: structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (Phase I / II) date: 2020-06-12 words: 2453 sentences: 158 pages: flesch: 50 cache: ./cache/cord-350224-dt3li3bk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-350224-dt3li3bk.txt summary: title: Safety and efficacy assessment of allogeneic human dental pulp stem cells to treat patients with severe COVID-19: structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (Phase I / II) The experimental group will receive an intravenous injection of dental pulp stem cells suspension (3.0x10(7) human DPSCs in 30ml saline solution) on day 1, 4 and 7; The control group will receive an equal amount of saline (placebo) on the same days. The experimental group will receive an intravenous injection of dental pulp stem cells suspension (3.0x10 7 human DPSCs in 30ml saline solution) on day 1, 4 and 7; Full study protocol.Authors'' contributions QY, ZW and SLW conceived the research idea; QY, HW, XX, YH and GZ designed the study protocol and developed the research plan; CZ and QY obtained the ethics approval; QY and ZL coordinated the tasks among different investigators; CZ, ZZ, ZL and QY YZ and KH recruited the participants and collected data. abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the safety and therapeutic effects of allogeneic human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in treating severe pneumonia caused by COVID-19. TRIAL DESIGN: This is a single centre, two arm ratio 1:1, triple blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group, clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: 1. Adults aged 18-65 years; 2. Voluntarily participate in this clinical trial and sign the “informed consent form” or have consent from a legal representative. 3. Diagnosed with severe pneumonia of COVID-19: nucleic acid test SARS-CoV-2 positive; respiratory distress (respiratory rate > 30 times / min); hypoxia (resting oxygen saturation < 93% or arterial partial pressure of oxygen / oxygen concentration < 300 mmHg). 4. COVID-19 featured lung lesions in chest X-ray image. 1. Patients have received other experimental treatment for COVID-19 within the last 30 days; 2. Patients have severe liver condition (e.g., Child Pugh score >=C or AST> 5 times of the upper limit); 3. Patients with severe renal insufficiency (estimated glomerular filtration rate <=30mL / min/1.73 m(2)) or patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis; 4. Patients who are co-infected with HIV, hepatitis B, tuberculosis, influenza virus, adenovirus or other respiratory infection viruses; 5. Female patients who have no sexual protection in the last 30 days prior to the screening assessment; 6. Pregnant or lactating women or women using estrogen contraception; 7. Patients who are planning to become pregnant during the study period or within 6 months after the end of the study period; 8. Other conditions that the researchers consider not suitable for participating in this clinical trial. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: There will be two study groups: experimental and control. Both will receive all necessary routine treatment for COVID-19. The experimental group will receive an intravenous injection of dental pulp stem cells suspension (3.0x10(7) human DPSCs in 30ml saline solution) on day 1, 4 and 7; The control group will receive an equal amount of saline (placebo) on the same days. Clinical and laboratory observations will be performed for analysis during a period of 28 days for each case since the commencement of the study. MAIN OUTCOMES: 1. Primary outcome The primary outcome is Time To Clinical Improvement (TTCI). By definition, TTCI is the time (days) it takes to downgrade two levels from the following six ordered grades [(grade 1) discharge to (grade 6) death] in the clinical state of admission to the start of study treatments (hDPSCs or placebo). Six grades of ordered variables: 2. Secondary outcomes 2.1 vital signs: heart rate, blood pressure (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure). During the screening period, hospitalization every day (additional time points of D1, D4, D7 30min before injection, 2h ± 30min, 24h ± 30min after the injection) and follow-up period D90 ± 3 days. 2.2 Laboratory examinations: during the screening period, 30 minutes before D1, D4, D7 infusion, 2h ± 30min, 24h ± 30min after the end of infusion, D10, D14, D28 during hospitalization or discharge day and follow-up period D90 ± 3 days. 2.3 Blood routine: white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils Acidic granulocyte count, basophil count, red blood cell, hemoglobin, hematocrit, average volume of red blood cells, average red blood cell Hb content, average red blood cell Hb concentration, RDW standard deviation, RDW coefficient of variation, platelet count, platelet specific platelet average Volume, platelet distribution width,% of large platelets; 2.4 Liver and kidney function tests: alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase, prealbumin, total protein, albumin, globulin, white / globule ratio , Total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, cholinesterase, urea, creatinine, total carbon dioxide, uric acid glucose, potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, corrected calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium and phosphorus product, anion gap, penetration Pressure, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein a, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, estimated glomerular filtration rate. 2.5 Inflammation indicators: hypersensitive C-reactive protein, serum amyloid (SAA); 2.6 Infectious disease testing: Hepatitis B (HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, HBcAb), Hepatitis C (Anti-HCV), AIDS (HIVcombin), syphilis (Anti-TP), cytomegalovirus CMV-IgM, cytomegalovirus CMV-IgG; only during the screening period and follow-up period D90 ± 3. 2.7 Immunological testing: Collect peripheral blood to detect the phenotype of T lymphocyte, B lymphocyte, natural killer cell, Macrophage and neutrophil by using flow cytometry. Collect peripheral blood to detect the gene profile of mononuclear cells by using single-cell analyses. Collect peripheral blood serum to detect various immunoglobulin changes: IgA, IgG, IgM, total IgE; Collect peripheral blood serum to explore the changes of cytokines, Th1 cytokines (IL-1 β, IL-2, TNF-a, ITN-γ), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL -10). 2.8 Pregnancy test: blood β-HCG, female subjects before menopause are examined during the screening period and follow-up period D90 ± 3. 2.9 Urine routine: color, clarity, urine sugar, bilirubin, ketone bodies, specific gravity, pH, urobilinogen, nitrite, protein, occult blood, leukocyte enzymes, red blood cells, white blood cells, epithelial cells, non-squamous epithelial cells , Transparent cast, pathological cast, crystal, fungus; 2.10 Stool Routine: color, traits, white blood cells, red blood cells, fat globules, eggs of parasites, fungi, occult blood (chemical method), occult blood (immune method), transferrin (2h ± 30min after the injection and not detected after discharge). RANDOMIZATION: Block randomization method will be applied by computer to allocate the participants into experimental and control groups. The random ratio is 1:1. BLINDING (MASKING): Participants, outcomes assessors and investigators (including personnel in laboratory and imaging department who issue the sample report or image observations) will be blinded. Injections of cell suspension and saline will be coded in accordance with the patient’s randomisation group. The blind strategy is kept by an investigator who does not deliver the medical care or assess primary outcome results. NUMBERS TO BE RANDOMIZED (SAMPLE SIZE): Twenty participants will be randomized to the experimental and control groups (10 per group). TRIAL STATUS: Protocol version number, hDPSC-CoVID-2019-02-2020 Version 2.0, March 13, 2020. Patients screening commenced on 16(th) April and an estimated date of the recruitment of the final participants will be around end of July. . TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registration: World Health Organization Trial Registry: ChiCTR2000031319; March 27,2020. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04336254; April 7, 2020 Other Study ID Numbers: hDPSC-CoVID-2019-02-2020 FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04380-5 doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04380-5 id: cord-345679-ydwcp75s author: Younas, Amber title: SEROPREVALENCE OF SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODIES AMONG HEALTHY BLOOD DONORS IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN date: 2020-08-24 words: 2370 sentences: 148 pages: flesch: 59 cache: ./cache/cord-345679-ydwcp75s.txt txt: ./txt/cord-345679-ydwcp75s.txt summary: title: SEROPREVALENCE OF SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODIES AMONG HEALTHY BLOOD DONORS IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN Despite the prevailing pandemic, there are no recommendations available as yet for testing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies as part of blood screening. In our study, we conducted specific serological testing (total antibodies) to identify prevalence of SARS-2-CoV antibodies among the healthy blood donors who visited Blood Bank at our Institute.Their results were compared with specific serologic results of blood donors that came before the onset of pandemic(October, 2019). In July 2020, we tested 300 healthy blood donors, 113 donors (37.7%) were found to be reactive for anti-SARS-CoV-2antibodies. Another study in Northern France reported 25.8% of population positive for COVID-19 antibody(19)but they also did not exclude previously symptomatic cases. To conclude, seroprevalence of SARS-COV-2 antibodies has increased in Pakistan over a period of time and could help in recognizing the actual number of COVID-19 cases. The prevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in China.medRxiv abstract: BACKGROUND: Covid-19 spread through blood transfusion has not yet been reported. Despite the prevailing pandemic, there are no recommendations available as yet for testing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies as part of blood screening. OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence of SAR-CoV-2 antibodies, its clinical significance and to identify if total antibodies(IgA, IgM, IgG) should be tested or just the specific IgG antibodies only. METHOD: Consecutive blood donors donated were screened for standard serological panel of HbsAg, Anti-HCV, Anti-HIV and Syphilis using Cobas-411 analyser and Malaria. All seronegative donors were then screened for COVID serology using the same instrument. These results were compared with the blood donors’ seroprevalence checked in a cohort in the first week of June 2020. Pre-COVID-19 period (October 2019) blood donors’ archived samples were also compared. Donors who were positive on ECLIA were then tested for specific antibodies (IgM or IgG) by ELISA. RESULTS: A total of 380 healthy blood donors were included. All were males with the mean age being 30.6 ± 6.3 years. Ten pre-pandemic samples did not show COVID-19 antibodies, whereas out of 70 samples in the3(rd) week of June, only 15 (21.4%)were positive. However, in July out of the 300 blood donors, 113 (37.7%) were found to be reactive. To reconfirm our findings, these 113 donors were then tested on ELISA for presence of IgG specifically. Out of these 128 samples, 81 were IgG positive, 23 were borderline positive and 24 were negative. CONCLUSION: Almost 40% of blood donors are now seroconverted for COVID-19. This is a reflection of widespread seroprevalence in the adult male population. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473050220302378?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.102923 id: cord-005497-w81ysjf9 author: nan title: 40th International Symposium on Intensive Care & Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 24-27 March 2020 date: 2020-03-24 words: 103623 sentences: 6176 pages: flesch: 53 cache: ./cache/cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt summary: The positive NC group had more plasma transfusion (p-value 0.03) and a lower median hematocrit at 24 hrs (p-value 0.013), but similar hospital length of stay (p=0.17) and mortality rate (p=0.80) Conclusions: NC at ICU admission identifies subclinical AKI in TBI patients and it maight be used to predictclinical AKI. In patients with pneumonia requiring intensive care (ICU) admission, we hypothesise that abnormal right ventricular (RV) function is associated with an increased 90-day mortality. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence of each AKI stages as defined by KDIGO definition (with evaluation of urine output, serum creatinine and initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT)), in a mixed medical and surgical population of patients hospitalized in ICU and PCU over a 10-year period (2008-2018). This study aimed at investigating the relationship of goal-directed energy and protein adequacy on clinical outcomes which includes mortality, intensive care unit(ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS), and length of mechanical ventilation (LOMV). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7092506/ doi: 10.1186/s13054-020-2772-3 id: cord-005646-xhx9pzhj author: nan title: 2nd World Congress on Pediatric Intensive Care 1996 Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 23–26 June 1996 Abstracts of Oral Presentations, Posters and Nursing Programme date: 1996 words: 72031 sentences: 4734 pages: flesch: 56 cache: ./cache/cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt summary: Aims and methods The aim of both a prospective and retrospective survey conducted in German pediatric intensive care units in 1993 was to accumulate data on the epidemiology, risk factors, natural history and treatment strategies in a large group of pediatric ARDS patients who were treated in the tt~ee year period from 1991 to 1993.All patients had acute bilateral alveolar infiltration of noncardiogenic origin and a pO2~iO2 ratio < 150mmHg. The influence of sex, underlying disease and single organ failure was analyzed using the Fischer''s exact test, the influence of additional organ failure on mortality was tested with the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszet statistics. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095092/ doi: 10.1007/bf02316512 id: cord-005814-ak5pq312 author: nan title: 8th European Congress of Intensive Care Medicine Athens - Greece, October 18–22, 1995 Abstracts date: 1995 words: 179164 sentences: 12028 pages: flesch: 56 cache: ./cache/cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt summary: Results: In 5 patients with treated SS, 16 tests were performed (VL n=8; Dobu n=4; NA n=4 Method: Septic shock was defined as severe sepsis with either persistent hypotension (mean arterial pressure; MAP<70 mmHg) or the requirement for a noradrenaline (NA) infusion ~> 0.1 ~g/kg/min with a MAP _< 90mmHg. Cardiovascular support was limited to NA + dobutamine (DB), 546C88 was administered for up to 8 h at a fixed dose-rate of either i, 2.5, 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg/h iv. Methods: Fourteen cases were s~udied,their gestational age ranged from(27-32)ws.Continnous positive air way pressure was applied to six cases at Peep level from (3-6)cm H2o through nasal pronge,(group I),the other 8 cases were managed as routine,(group II).Blood gases, TcPO2,TcCo2,resp.rate,depth and pattern were monitored for assessment of tissue Oxygenation and ventilation, Results: Our rasults showed that early application of CPAP improve ventilation among (83.3%)of cases,while (16.7%)of cases need IMV.The cases of group II need IMV among (75%)of the studied cases during the second or the third day of life. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095534/ doi: 10.1007/bf02426401 id: cord-006226-fn7zlutj author: nan title: Abstracts of the 4th annual meeting of the German Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy: Hannover, 14–17 September 1994 date: 1994 words: 25050 sentences: 1344 pages: flesch: 50 cache: ./cache/cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt summary: The following were analysed: heart rate (HR, bpm), pre-ejection time (PEP, ms), ejection time (VET, ms), HR-corrected electromechanical systole (QS2c, ms), impedance-cardiographic estimates of stroke volume (SV, ml), cardiac output (CO, I/min) and peripheral resistance (TPR, dyn.s.cm -5) calculated from CO and mean blood pressure (SBP and DBP according to auscultatory Korotkoff-I and -IV sounds This indicates that 1) about half the rise of HR and CO and half the shortening of PEP is 131-respectively 1~2-determined, 2) that predominant 132-adrenergic responses, whilst not affecting VET, take optimal benefit from the inodilatory enhancement of pump performance, 3) that an additional 131-adrenergic stimulation is proportionally less efficient, as VET is dramatically shortened, thus blunting the gain in SV so that the rise in CO relies substantially on the amplified increase of HR and 4), VET is more sensitive than QS2c in expressing additional 131-adrenoceptor agonism and 5) prime systolic time intervals provide a less speculative and physiologically more meaningful represenation of cardiac pump dynamics than HR-corrected ones. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7100636/ doi: 10.1007/bf00193489 id: cord-006391-esnsa4u5 author: nan title: Abstracts 5(th) Tripartite Meeting Salzburg/Austria, September 9–11,1982 date: 1982 words: 44844 sentences: 2433 pages: flesch: 50 cache: ./cache/cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt summary: In our parallel tests using an excision-sample technique [2] which is considerably more sensitive than the DGHM procedure, we have observed the following mean reductions in the counts of accessible bacteria: iodine in ethanol, 96%; povidone-iodine, 89%; chlorhexidine in ethanol, 88%; iso-propanol, The purpose of this study was to compare radiation injury in Guinea Pig small bowel (1) devoid of contents (2) containing bile (3) containing pancreatic juice. Studies in vitro employing isolated perfused rat pancreas and stomach revealed following results: Mean basal pancreatic somatostatin release in normal, diabetic and transplanted rats were 12___3, 24-t-7, and 17__+4 pg/ml, respectively. As these changes appear closely correlated to the blood glucose levels which show a 30 % decrease at 4 h and progressive restoration towards normal values up to 24 h, attempts have been made to alter the insulin/glucagon ratio by glucose infusion after PH and study its relation to liver regeneration. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7101735/ doi: 10.1007/bf01279099 id: cord-006860-a3b8hyyr author: nan title: 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) date: 1996 words: 90660 sentences: 5152 pages: flesch: 50 cache: ./cache/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt summary: Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Kiel and Mtinster, Germany Resistance to activated protein C (APCR), in the majority of cases associated with the Arg 506 Gin point mutation in the factor V gene is present in more than 50 % of patients < 60 years of age with unexplained thrombophilia. The regular APC resistance test is not applicable to plasma from Orally anticoagulated (OAC) or heparinized patients due to decreased levels of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors and to thrombin inhibition by antithrombin, respectively. On admission an extensive coagulation screen yielded the following results (n/normal, t/elevated, I/reduced, +/positive, -/negative): PT t, aPTT t, Tr n, factor II, V, VIII n, factor VII, IX, XI, XII /,, fibrinogan t, ATIII n, protein C, S *, activated protein C sensitivity ratio 1.92 ($), FV-Leidenmutation PCR -, fibrinolytic system n, TAT t, Ft÷2 t, lupus anticoagulant +, heparin induced platelet antibodies +; no diagnosis of a specific autoimmuna disorder could be made. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103196/ doi: 10.1007/bf00641048 id: cord-010088-s9tfvtao author: nan title: Oral Abstracts date: 2013-11-01 words: 43522 sentences: 2257 pages: flesch: 49 cache: ./cache/cord-010088-s9tfvtao.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010088-s9tfvtao.txt summary: These include ''incorrect blood component transfused'' events, where the blood component was intended for another recipient (frequently due to errors in patient identification at the time of collection of the pre-transfusion sample, or at the time of bedside administration), or did not meet the patient''s special needs (such as a patient with a red cell antibody who did not receive the required antigen-negative unit). Methods: Eligibility criteria for inclusion in the study included the following: transfusion of Rh D positive platelets, no anti D detectable before transfusion, no previous exposure to Rh D positive blood components, and results of follow-up testing of anti-D in patients serum available. In addition, the allelic frequency of Hpdel was calculated to be 0.015 by a genetic study of a limited number of the Japanese individuals, suggesting that Hp deficiency might distribute among the Japanese population as a phenotype of serum Hp. Aims: In this report, we present the results obtained from a hemovigilance survey carried out between 1998 and 2012, in which Hp deficiency was identified among Japanese patients who had experienced nonhemolytic TRs (NHTRs), and those obtained from a screening of Hp-deficient Japanese healthy blood donors. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169312/ doi: 10.1111/vox.12100_1 id: cord-010092-uftc8inx author: nan title: Abstract of 29th Regional Congress of the ISBT date: 2019-06-07 words: 233304 sentences: 13171 pages: flesch: 54 cache: ./cache/cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt summary: Prospective testing of blood donations in endemic areas of the U.S. revealed 0.38% of donors were positive for Babesia DNA or antibodies (Moritz, NEJM, 2016) Aims: -To report results of ongoing Babesia clinical trial -To explain significance of Babesia as a TT infection Methods: In cobas â Babesia for use on the cobas â 6800/8800 Systems, is a qualitative polymerase chain reaction nucleic acid amplification test, developed to detect in whole blood (WB) donor samples the 4 Babesia species that cause human disease: B. In sensitivity analyses, there were two discrepant results for HIV testing, three for HCV, and five for anti-HBc. Summary/Conclusions: Elecsys â infectious disease parameters on the cobas e 801 analyser demonstrate high specificity/sensitivity for screening first-time blood donor samples, with similar clinical performance to other commercially available assays. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169345/ doi: 10.1111/vox.12792 id: cord-010119-t1x9gknd author: nan title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date: 2017-09-04 words: 230193 sentences: 13234 pages: flesch: 55 cache: ./cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt summary: Conclusion: The wide distribution in the concentration of bioactive lipids among 405 stored RBC units suggests that lipid degradation is highly donor-Background/Case Studies: To ensure availability of biological products to hospitals, blood banks have developed and validated multiple storage conditions for each of their products to maximize shelf life and quality. 1 The Department of Blood Transfusion, The PLA General Hospital, 2 The Department of Blood Transfusion, Air Force General Hospital, PLA Background/Case Studies: Recently, multi researches have reported that longer term-stored red blood cells(RBCs) units were associated with increased risks of clinically adverse events, especially in critically ill patients. Weak D types 1, 2 and 3 express all the major RhD epitopes and these patients can be managed as RhD-positive, which may lead to a reduction in unnecessary Rh immunoglobulin (RhIG) administration and conservation of RhD-negative RBCs. Study Design/Method: RHD genotyping was performed on all patient samples with weaker than expected or discrepant RhD typing results, utilizing a commercially available genotyping kit manufactured by Immucor (RHD BeadChip). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169716/ doi: 10.1111/trf.14286 id: cord-015021-pol2qm74 author: nan title: Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches date: 1994 words: 162327 sentences: 9379 pages: flesch: 50 cache: ./cache/cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt summary: It is our current understanding that LPS is responsible for many of the pathophysiological events observed during gramnegative infections and that one of the major mechanisms leading to shock and death is the LPS-induced activation of macrophages resulting in the production and release of lipid and peptide mediators, among which tumor necrosis factor seems to be the most important. However plasma IL-6 estimation revealed a statistically significant reduction at 6 hours in tanrine-treated animals compared to glycino and TW controls ( Objective: To evaluate the effects of allogeneic blood transfusion, thermal injury and bacterial garage on interteukin 4 (IL-4), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) production and host mortality and to study if the administration of thymopentth (THY) could affect these events. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095072/ doi: 10.1007/bf02258437 id: cord-015126-cyhcbk1j author: nan title: PS 0036-0344 date: 2007-08-25 words: 59175 sentences: 3672 pages: flesch: 54 cache: ./cache/cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt summary: We compared them with ≥70 years old and an ICU stay < 30 days patients, the differences in ICU mortality, Apache II, age, gender and the necessity for renal replacement therapy (RRT) were not significant (see table) . The patients with mild form of acute pancreatitis had low mortality rate (similar to general ward population) despite positive ICU admission criteria in our case series with fifty per cent development of severe form with organ dysfunction/failure later on. Collected data:Demographics,Management prior and during ICU hospitalization (sedation, catecolamin drug use, blood product transfusion, intra-cranial pressure monitoring, neurosurgical emergency surgery etc.),CT-Scan results, Daily worst Glasgow coma scale, admission Simplified Acute Physiology Score II. This prospective interventional study performed in a surgical Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary University Hospital included 35 (21 males) mechanically ventilated and sedated patients with acute cardiovascular failure requiring cardiac output measurement (transpulmonary thermodilution technique)and a fluid challenge. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095535/ doi: 10.1007/s00134-007-0820-y id: cord-017248-a37t31u1 author: nan title: Alphabetic Listing of Diseases and Conditions date: 2010-05-17 words: 48753 sentences: 4281 pages: flesch: 41 cache: ./cache/cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt summary: Possible Associated Conditions: Disseminated intravascular coagulation;* eclampsia;* glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency (G6PD); hemolytic uremic syndrome;* malignant hypertension; lymphoma* and other malignancies; paroxysmal nocturnal hemo-globinuria; sickle cell disease;*thalassemia;* thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.* (See also below under "NOTE.") NOTE: Hemolysis also may be caused by conditions such as poisoning with chemicals or drugs, heat injury, snake bite,* or infections or may develop as a transfusion reaction* or be secondary to adenocarcinoma, heart valve prostheses (see below), liver disease (see below), renal disease, or congenital erythropoietic porphyria. Unusual under-lying or associated conditions include chronic aortic stenosis or regurgitation; coronary artery anomalies; coronary artery dissection; coronary embolism; coronary ostial stenosis (due to calcification of aortic sinotubular junction or, rarely, to syphilitic aortitis); coronary vasculitis (for instance, in polyarteritis nodosa* or acute hypersensitivity arteritis); hyperthyroidism,* gastrointestinal hemorrhage; * hypothyroidism, * idiopathic arterial calcification of infancy; intramural coronary amyloidosis; pheochromocytoma, polycythemia vera; * pseudoxanthoma elasticum,* radiationinduced coronary stenosis; severe pulmonary hypertension (with right ventricular ischemia); sickle cell disease;* and others. abstract: Part II begins with a list of special histologic stains, their for use and their corresponding references. At the end of this list is a procedure for removal of formalin precipitate from tissue sections. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7121759/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-127-7_17 id: cord-023095-4dannjjm author: nan title: Research Abstract Program of the 2011 ACVIM Forum Denver, Colorado, June 15–18, 2011 date: 2011-05-03 words: 134226 sentences: 6834 pages: flesch: 51 cache: ./cache/cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt summary: The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term effects of ivabradine on heart rate (HR), blood pressure, left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function, left atrial (LA) performance, and clinical tolerance in healthy cats after repeated oral doses. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between heart rate and ECG time intervals to body mass in apparently healthy horses and ponies and to calculate normal ranges for different weight groups. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypercoagulability in PLN dogs based on thromboelastography (TEG), and to determine whether hypercoagulability in these patients could be predicted by clinical assessments that identify systemic hypertension (systolic blood pressure 4 160 mmHg), hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin o 2.7 mg/dl), antithrombin activity (o 70%), and degree of proteinuria (urine protein:creatinine ratio [UPC] ! abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7166756/ doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.0726.x id: cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 author: nan title: MONDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 words: 130043 sentences: 7330 pages: flesch: 54 cache: ./cache/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt summary: • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an ''error-free pathway''; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody ''combi'' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas'' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union''s in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169255/ doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00652.x id: cord-023354-f2ciho6o author: nan title: TUESDAY PLENARY SESSION 3 TUESDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 words: 130046 sentences: 7333 pages: flesch: 54 cache: ./cache/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt summary: • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an ''error-free pathway''; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody ''combi'' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas'' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union''s in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169300/ doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00654.x id: cord-023364-ut56gczm author: nan title: EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS date: 2005-06-08 words: 130049 sentences: 7334 pages: flesch: 54 cache: ./cache/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt summary: • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an ''error-free pathway''; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody ''combi'' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas'' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union''s in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169338/ doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00651.x ==== make-pages.sh questions [ERIC WAS HERE] ==== make-pages.sh search /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/make-pages.sh: line 77: /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm: No such file or directory Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/tsv2htm-search.py", line 51, in with open( TEMPLATE, 'r' ) as handle : htm = handle.read() FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm' ==== make-pages.sh topic modeling corpus Zipping study carrel