id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-283603-d6ult65u	Pasco, Samuel T.	Lessons from Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: Harnessing Trained Immunity for Vaccine Development	2020-09-16		.txt	text/plain	6855	318	27	The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine induces some level of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) while stimulating trained immunity that correlates with lower mortality and increased protection against unrelated pathogens. PBMCs from volunteers vaccinated with gamma-irradiated BCG (γBCG) only demonstrated increased cytokine production in response to Mtb antigens, with no significant trained immunity effects observed after two weeks and three months [18] . Stimulation of macrophages deficient in NOD2 with BCG did not result in increased cytokine production following heterologous stimulation, demonstrating the critical importance of this signaling pathway in establishing trained immunity [23] . tuberculosis Vaccine Candidate (MTBVAC), the first genetically modified, live attenuated vaccine based on Mtb which has demonstrated safety and efficacy in initial clinical trials, induces trained immunity effects in vitro through shifts in metabolism and epigenetic changes at proinflammatory promoters, and can protect subcutaneously vaccinated mice from lethal intranasal doses of Streptococcus pneumoniae [62] .	./cache/cord-283603-d6ult65u.txt	./txt/cord-283603-d6ult65u.txt