id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-328753-qwdxgk4z	Lafaye, Pierre	Use of camel single-domain antibodies for the diagnosis and treatment of zoonotic diseases	2018-09-25		.txt	text/plain	4624	251	42	The antigen-binding region of such homodimeric heavy-chain only antibodies consists of one single domain, called VHH. VHHs provide many advantages over conventional full-sized antibodies and currently used antibody-based fragments (Fab, scFv), including high specificity, stability and solubility, and small size, allowing them to recognize unusual antigenic sites and deeply penetrate tissues. The active antigen-binding fragment of heavy chain antibodies can be cloned and expressed in the form of VHH, which consists of only one domain (Fig. 1) . Gene therapy with an adenoviral vector expressing a bispecific VHH, consisting of two linked VHHs targeting different PA-neutralizing epitopes, was tested in mice, and found to protect them from anthrax toxin challenge and anthrax spore infection [55] . [92] have been found in the sera of infected camels, whereas antibodies against rabies virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, and FMD virus have been detected in llamas [93] and could lead to the possible isolation of specific broadly neutralizing VHHs. Many neutralizing VHHs that bind to different sites on the same target, including hidden antigenic sites, can be isolated from immunized or infected camelids.	./cache/cord-328753-qwdxgk4z.txt	./txt/cord-328753-qwdxgk4z.txt