Carrel name: keyword-activity-cord Creating study carrel named keyword-activity-cord Initializing database file: cache/cord-000445-2x7dfl1q.json key: cord-000445-2x7dfl1q authors: Paliwal, Sarvesh K.; Verma, Ankita Narayan; Paliwal, Shailendra title: Neglected Disease – African Sleeping Sickness: Recent Synthetic and Modeling Advances date: 2011-05-10 journal: Sci Pharm DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1012-08 sha: doc_id: 445 cord_uid: 2x7dfl1q file: cache/cord-016362-d3cpy37g.json key: cord-016362-d3cpy37g authors: Orhan, Ilkay; Özcelik, Berrin; Şener, Bilge title: Antiviral and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Some Heterocyclic Compounds from Turkish Plants date: 2007-08-01 journal: Bioactive Heterocycles V DOI: 10.1007/7081_2007_072 sha: doc_id: 16362 cord_uid: d3cpy37g file: cache/cord-016089-h122of8q.json key: cord-016089-h122of8q authors: Li, Haixia; Lu, Chunbo title: Lonicera japonica Thunb 金银花 (Jinyinhua, Honey Suckle) date: 2015-02-19 journal: Dietary Chinese Herbs DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-99448-1_78 sha: doc_id: 16089 cord_uid: h122of8q file: cache/cord-013176-6ckuya1w.json key: cord-013176-6ckuya1w authors: Ninfali, Paolino; Antonelli, Antonella; Magnani, Mauro; Scarpa, Emanuele Salvatore title: Antiviral Properties of Flavonoids and Delivery Strategies date: 2020-08-21 journal: Nutrients DOI: 10.3390/nu12092534 sha: doc_id: 13176 cord_uid: 6ckuya1w file: cache/cord-011038-5t8az1hf.json key: cord-011038-5t8az1hf authors: Mor, Satbir; Sindhu, Suchita title: Synthesis, Type II diabetes inhibitory activity, antimicrobial evaluation and docking studies of indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones date: 2019-10-26 journal: Med Chem Res DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02457-8 sha: doc_id: 11038 cord_uid: 5t8az1hf file: cache/cord-005337-3f6pwyy3.json key: cord-005337-3f6pwyy3 authors: Yoon, Hyun Kyung; Jung, Sang Taek; Kim, Jae-Ho; Yoo, Tae Hyeon title: Recent development of highly sensitive protease assay methods: Signal amplification through enzyme cascades date: 2013-01-04 journal: Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng DOI: 10.1007/s12257-012-0545-9 sha: doc_id: 5337 cord_uid: 3f6pwyy3 file: cache/cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.json key: cord-004948-ad3i9wgj authors: nan title: 7th International Congress on Amino Acids and Proteins : Vienna, Austria, August 6–10, 2001 date: 2001 journal: Amino Acids DOI: 10.1007/s007260170030 sha: doc_id: 4948 cord_uid: ad3i9wgj file: cache/cord-012623-bc9fj29h.json key: cord-012623-bc9fj29h authors: Pekmezaris, Renee; Kozikowski, Andrzej; Pascarelli, Briana; Handrakis, John P.; Chory, Ashley; Griffin, Doug; Bloom, Ona title: Participant-reported priorities and preferences for developing a home-based physical activity telemonitoring program for persons with tetraplegia: a qualitative analysis date: 2019-05-16 journal: Spinal Cord Ser Cases DOI: 10.1038/s41394-019-0188-6 sha: doc_id: 12623 cord_uid: bc9fj29h file: cache/cord-017131-rx1z4orm.json key: cord-017131-rx1z4orm authors: Patra, Amlan Kumar title: An Overview of Antimicrobial Properties of Different Classes of Phytochemicals date: 2012-02-18 journal: Dietary Phytochemicals and Microbes DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-3926-0_1 sha: doc_id: 17131 cord_uid: rx1z4orm file: cache/cord-016575-bn15006x.json key: cord-016575-bn15006x authors: Cox-Georgian, Destinney; Ramadoss, Niveditha; Dona, Chathu; Basu, Chhandak title: Therapeutic and Medicinal Uses of Terpenes date: 2019-11-12 journal: Medicinal Plants DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-31269-5_15 sha: doc_id: 16575 cord_uid: bn15006x file: cache/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.json key: cord-004879-pgyzluwp authors: nan title: Programmed cell death date: 1994 journal: Experientia DOI: 10.1007/bf02033112 sha: doc_id: 4879 cord_uid: pgyzluwp file: cache/cord-102632-yazl9usb.json key: cord-102632-yazl9usb authors: Lobet, Guillaume; Descamps, Charlotte; Leveau, Lola; Guillet, Alain; Rees, Jean-François title: QuoVidi: a open-source web application for the organisation of large scale biological treasure hunts date: 2020-07-01 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.30.177006 sha: doc_id: 102632 cord_uid: yazl9usb file: cache/cord-256992-rwy0n01l.json key: cord-256992-rwy0n01l authors: Taheri, Yasaman; Suleria, Hafiz Ansar Rasul; Martins, Natália; Sytar, Oksana; Beyatli, Ahmet; Yeskaliyeva, Balakyz; Seitimova, Gulnaz; Salehi, Bahare; Semwal, Prabhakar; Painuli, Sakshi; Kumar, Anuj; Azzini, Elena; Martorell, Miquel; Setzer, William N.; Maroyi, Alfred; Sharifi-Rad, Javad title: Myricetin bioactive effects: moving from preclinical evidence to potential clinical applications date: 2020-08-01 journal: BMC Complement Med Ther DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03033-z sha: doc_id: 256992 cord_uid: rwy0n01l file: cache/cord-023208-w99gc5nx.json key: cord-023208-w99gc5nx authors: nan title: Poster Presentation Abstracts date: 2006-09-01 journal: J Pept Sci DOI: 10.1002/psc.797 sha: doc_id: 23208 cord_uid: w99gc5nx file: cache/cord-024652-4i6kktl0.json key: cord-024652-4i6kktl0 authors: Santra, Hiran Kanti; Banerjee, Debdulal title: Natural Products as Fungicide and Their Role in Crop Protection date: 2020-05-12 journal: Natural Bioactive Products in Sustainable Agriculture DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3024-1_9 sha: doc_id: 24652 cord_uid: 4i6kktl0 file: cache/cord-021897-yeih3tfo.json key: cord-021897-yeih3tfo authors: Page, Stephen J. title: Tourism today: Why is it a global phenomenon embracing all our lives? date: 2011-10-28 journal: Tourism Management DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-096932-9.10001-8 sha: doc_id: 21897 cord_uid: yeih3tfo file: cache/cord-034066-fsp7e5x5.json key: cord-034066-fsp7e5x5 authors: Di Figlia-Peck, Stephanie; Feinstein, Ronald; Fisher, Martin title: Treatment of children and adolescents who are overweight or obese date: 2020-10-21 journal: Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care DOI: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2020.100871 sha: doc_id: 34066 cord_uid: fsp7e5x5 file: cache/cord-257749-eyhsc8q8.json key: cord-257749-eyhsc8q8 authors: Koul, Bhupendra; Taak, Pooja; Kumar, Arvind; Kumar, Anil; Sanyal, Indraneel title: Genus Psoralea: A review of the traditional and modern uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology date: 2019-03-25 journal: J Ethnopharmacol DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.036 sha: doc_id: 257749 cord_uid: eyhsc8q8 file: cache/cord-022955-vy0qgtll.json key: cord-022955-vy0qgtll authors: nan title: Proteases date: 2005-06-20 journal: FEBS J DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.4739_4.x sha: doc_id: 22955 cord_uid: vy0qgtll file: cache/cord-022779-himray6q.json key: cord-022779-himray6q authors: nan title: Abstracts of oral presentations date: 2005-06-10 journal: Biopolymers DOI: 10.1002/bip.20321 sha: doc_id: 22779 cord_uid: himray6q file: cache/cord-000884-zq8kqf6h.json key: cord-000884-zq8kqf6h authors: Shen, Hsin-Hui; Lithgow, Trevor; Martin, Lisandra L. title: Reconstitution of Membrane Proteins into Model Membranes: Seeking Better Ways to Retain Protein Activities date: 2013-01-14 journal: Int J Mol Sci DOI: 10.3390/ijms14011589 sha: doc_id: 884 cord_uid: zq8kqf6h file: cache/cord-006230-xta38e7j.json key: cord-006230-xta38e7j authors: nan title: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie e.V. date: 2012-02-22 journal: Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol DOI: 10.1007/s00210-012-0736-0 sha: doc_id: 6230 cord_uid: xta38e7j file: cache/cord-008777-i2reanan.json key: cord-008777-i2reanan authors: nan title: ECB12: 12th European Congess on Biotechnology date: 2005-07-19 journal: J Biotechnol DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.06.005 sha: doc_id: 8777 cord_uid: i2reanan file: cache/cord-328834-yetnlb2j.json key: cord-328834-yetnlb2j authors: Mohsin, Noor ul Amin; Irfan, Muhammad; Hassan, Shams ul; Saleem, Usman title: Current Strategies in Development of New Chromone Derivatives with Diversified Pharmacological Activities: A Review date: 2020-06-15 journal: Pharm Chem J DOI: 10.1007/s11094-020-02187-x sha: doc_id: 328834 cord_uid: yetnlb2j file: cache/cord-027712-2o4svbms.json key: cord-027712-2o4svbms authors: Urošević, Vladimir; Andrić, Marina; Pagán, José A. title: Baseline Modelling and Composite Representation of Unobtrusively (IoT) Sensed Behaviour Changes Related to Urban Physical Well-Being date: 2020-05-31 journal: The Impact of Digital Technologies on Public Health in Developed and Developing Countries DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51517-1_13 sha: doc_id: 27712 cord_uid: 2o4svbms file: cache/cord-269943-g77qe5ml.json key: cord-269943-g77qe5ml authors: Di Sotto, Antonella; Vitalone, Annabella; Di Giacomo, Silvia title: Plant-Derived Nutraceuticals and Immune System Modulation: An Evidence-Based Overview date: 2020-08-22 journal: Vaccines (Basel) DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030468 sha: doc_id: 269943 cord_uid: g77qe5ml file: cache/cord-258239-7xyqlz0u.json key: cord-258239-7xyqlz0u authors: Gärtner, Fabian; Knippschild, Uwe; Burster, Timo title: Application of an Activity-Based Probe to Determine Proteolytic Activity of Cell Surface Cathepsin G by Mass Cytometry Data Acquisition date: 2020-10-19 journal: ACS Omega DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04092 sha: doc_id: 258239 cord_uid: 7xyqlz0u file: cache/cord-281597-x53ni6q1.json key: cord-281597-x53ni6q1 authors: Chiasson, Melissa A; Rollins, Nathan J; Stephany, Jason J; Sitko, Katherine A; Matreyek, Kenneth A; Verby, Marta; Sun, Song; Roth, Frederick P; DeSloover, Daniel; Marks, Debora S; Rettie, Allan E; Fowler, Douglas M title: Multiplexed measurement of variant abundance and activity reveals VKOR topology, active site and human variant impact date: 2020-09-01 journal: eLife DOI: 10.7554/elife.58026 sha: doc_id: 281597 cord_uid: x53ni6q1 file: cache/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.json key: cord-318528-yc0jw3s1 authors: Romero-Blanco, Cristina; Rodríguez-Almagro, Julián; Onieva-Zafra, María Dolores; Parra-Fernández, María Laura; Prado-Laguna, María del Carmen; Hernández-Martínez, Antonio title: Physical Activity and Sedentary Lifestyle in University Students: Changes during Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-09 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186567 sha: doc_id: 318528 cord_uid: yc0jw3s1 file: cache/cord-287348-00yaxpkp.json key: cord-287348-00yaxpkp authors: Martinez, Maria Jose Abad; Olmo, Luis Miguel Bedoya Del; Benito, Paulina Bermejo title: Antiviral Activities of Polysaccharides from Natural Sources date: 2005-12-31 journal: Studies in Natural Products Chemistry DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(05)80038-9 sha: doc_id: 287348 cord_uid: 00yaxpkp file: cache/cord-027713-8ohchx8p.json key: cord-027713-8ohchx8p authors: Abidine, M’hamed Bilal; Fergani, Belkacem title: Human Activities Recognition in Android Smartphone Using WSVM-HMM Classifier date: 2020-05-31 journal: The Impact of Digital Technologies on Public Health in Developed and Developing Countries DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51517-1_35 sha: doc_id: 27713 cord_uid: 8ohchx8p file: cache/cord-272943-q09i8fqu.json key: cord-272943-q09i8fqu authors: Dalhoff, A. title: Antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic activities of fluoroquinolones optimized for treatment of bacterial infections: a puzzling paradox or a logical consequence of their mode of action? date: 2014-12-17 journal: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2296-3 sha: doc_id: 272943 cord_uid: q09i8fqu file: cache/cord-281137-j81fgnld.json key: cord-281137-j81fgnld authors: Rahman, Lubna; Shinwari, Zabta K.; Iqrar, Irum; Rahman, Lutfur; Tanveer, Faouzia title: An assessment on the role of endophytic microbes in the therapeutic potential of Fagonia indica date: 2017-08-01 journal: Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob DOI: 10.1186/s12941-017-0228-7 sha: doc_id: 281137 cord_uid: j81fgnld file: cache/cord-318854-xaus3bma.json key: cord-318854-xaus3bma authors: Sun, Yi; Kurokawa, Masahiko; Miura, Motofumi; Kakegawa, Tomohito; Motohashi, Shigeyasu; Yasukawa, Ken title: Chapter 4 Bioactivity and Synthesis of Diarylheptanoids From Alpinia officinarum date: 2016-12-31 journal: Studies in Natural Products Chemistry DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63601-0.00004-1 sha: doc_id: 318854 cord_uid: xaus3bma file: cache/cord-260674-a0ejus6m.json key: cord-260674-a0ejus6m authors: Chopra, Sakshi; Ranjan, Piyush; Singh, Vishwajeet; Kumar, Suraj; Arora, Mehak; Hasan, Mohamed Shuaib; Kasiraj, Rhytha; Suryansh; Kaur, Divjyot; Vikram, Naval K.; Malhotra, Anita; Kumari, Archana; Klanidhi, Kamal Bandhu; Baitha, Upendra title: Impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviours- a cross-sectional audit of responses from nine hundred and ninety-five participants from India date: 2020-10-06 journal: Diabetes Metab Syndr DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.09.034 sha: doc_id: 260674 cord_uid: a0ejus6m file: cache/cord-270037-tq82srhn.json key: cord-270037-tq82srhn authors: Kramer, Holger B.; Nicholson, Benjamin; Kessler, Benedikt M.; Altun, Mikael title: Detection of ubiquitin–proteasome enzymatic activities in cells: Application of activity-based probes to inhibitor development() date: 2012-05-19 journal: Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.05.014 sha: doc_id: 270037 cord_uid: tq82srhn file: cache/cord-307983-gjdza9bh.json key: cord-307983-gjdza9bh authors: Hawdon, James; Parti, Katalin; Dearden, Thomas E. title: Cybercrime in America amid COVID-19: the Initial Results from a Natural Experiment date: 2020-06-10 journal: Am J Crim Justice DOI: 10.1007/s12103-020-09534-4 sha: doc_id: 307983 cord_uid: gjdza9bh file: cache/cord-253276-mqcwk2ow.json key: cord-253276-mqcwk2ow authors: Desai, N. C.; Bhatt, Nayan; Somani, Hardik; Trivedi, Amit title: Synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of some novel thiazole clubbed 1,3,4-oxadiazoles date: 2013-09-30 journal: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.06.029 sha: doc_id: 253276 cord_uid: mqcwk2ow file: cache/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.json key: cord-006860-a3b8hyyr authors: nan title: 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) date: 1996 journal: Ann Hematol DOI: 10.1007/bf00641048 sha: doc_id: 6860 cord_uid: a3b8hyyr file: cache/cord-007084-4niom5mw.json key: cord-007084-4niom5mw authors: POPPLEWELL, PHILIP Y.; BUTTE, JOHN; AZHAR, SALMAN title: The Influence of Age on Steroidogenic Enzyme Activities of the Rat Adrenal Gland: Enhanced Expression of Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Activity(*) date: 1987-06-01 journal: Endocrinology DOI: 10.1210/endo-120-6-2521 sha: doc_id: 7084 cord_uid: 4niom5mw file: cache/cord-007682-01iom9al.json key: cord-007682-01iom9al authors: Harrigan, Jeanine; Jacq, Xavier title: Monitoring Target Engagement of Deubiquitylating Enzymes Using Activity Probes: Past, Present, and Future date: 2016-09-10 journal: Proteostasis DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3756-1_26 sha: doc_id: 7682 cord_uid: 01iom9al file: cache/cord-296769-xnjmk4pm.json key: cord-296769-xnjmk4pm authors: Valentová, Kateřina title: Cytoprotective Activity of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants date: 2020-08-06 journal: Antioxidants (Basel) DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080713 sha: doc_id: 296769 cord_uid: xnjmk4pm file: cache/cord-295335-oa4twg2z.json key: cord-295335-oa4twg2z authors: Pastorino, Giulia; Cornara, Laura; Soares, Sónia; Rodrigues, Francisca; Oliveira, M. Beatriz P.P. title: Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): A phytochemical and pharmacological review date: 2018-08-17 journal: Phytother Res DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6178 sha: doc_id: 295335 cord_uid: oa4twg2z file: cache/cord-257494-242k58ll.json key: cord-257494-242k58ll authors: Bastos, Paulo; Trindade, Fábio; da Costa, João; Ferreira, Rita; Vitorino, Rui title: Human Antimicrobial Peptides in Bodily Fluids: Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Perspectives in the Postantibiotic Era date: 2017-01-17 journal: Med Res Rev DOI: 10.1002/med.21435 sha: doc_id: 257494 cord_uid: 242k58ll file: cache/cord-267284-3uz0v29k.json key: cord-267284-3uz0v29k authors: Schneiderová, Kristýna; Šmejkal, Karel title: Phytochemical profile of Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb). Steud. date: 2014-08-29 journal: Phytochem Rev DOI: 10.1007/s11101-014-9376-y sha: doc_id: 267284 cord_uid: 3uz0v29k file: cache/cord-303879-3hug5hj3.json key: cord-303879-3hug5hj3 authors: Cushnie, T.P. Tim; Lamb, Andrew J. title: Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids date: 2005-10-19 journal: Int J Antimicrob Agents DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.09.002 sha: doc_id: 303879 cord_uid: 3hug5hj3 file: cache/cord-315918-12rbbe8c.json key: cord-315918-12rbbe8c authors: Mukherjee, Pulok K. title: Antiviral Evaluation of Herbal Drugs date: 2019-06-21 journal: Quality Control and Evaluation of Herbal Drugs DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813374-3.00016-8 sha: doc_id: 315918 cord_uid: 12rbbe8c file: cache/cord-274101-vm9nh8lc.json key: cord-274101-vm9nh8lc authors: Perez Espitia, Paula Judith; de Fátima Ferreira Soares, Nilda; dos Reis Coimbra, Jane Sélia; de Andrade, Nélio José; Souza Cruz, Renato; Alves Medeiros, Eber Antonio title: Bioactive Peptides: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications in the Packaging and Preservation of Food date: 2012-02-29 journal: Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2011.00179.x sha: doc_id: 274101 cord_uid: vm9nh8lc file: cache/cord-023209-un2ysc2v.json key: cord-023209-un2ysc2v authors: nan title: Poster Presentations date: 2008-10-07 journal: J Pept Sci DOI: 10.1002/psc.1090 sha: doc_id: 23209 cord_uid: un2ysc2v file: cache/cord-261170-arnwk287.json key: cord-261170-arnwk287 authors: Gallimore, W. title: Chapter 18 Marine Metabolites Oceans of Opportunity date: 2017-12-31 journal: Pharmacognosy DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-802104-0.00018-4 sha: doc_id: 261170 cord_uid: arnwk287 file: cache/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.json key: cord-277077-kwaiorp8 authors: Tița, Ovidiu; Constantinescu, Maria Adelina; Tița, Mihaela Adriana; Georgescu, Cecilia title: Use of Yoghurt Enhanced with Volatile Plant Oils Encapsulated in Sodium Alginate to Increase the Human Body’s Immunity in the Present Fight Against Stress date: 2020-10-19 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207588 sha: doc_id: 277077 cord_uid: kwaiorp8 file: cache/cord-023225-5quigar4.json key: cord-023225-5quigar4 authors: nan title: Posters date: 2012-08-21 journal: J Pept Sci DOI: 10.1002/psc.2449 sha: doc_id: 23225 cord_uid: 5quigar4 file: cache/cord-300522-okbupw61.json key: cord-300522-okbupw61 authors: Sansone, Clementina; Brunet, Christophe; Noonan, Douglas M.; Albini, Adriana title: Marine Algal Antioxidants as Potential Vectors for Controlling Viral Diseases date: 2020-05-07 journal: Antioxidants (Basel) DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050392 sha: doc_id: 300522 cord_uid: okbupw61 file: cache/cord-324217-secnz2ta.json key: cord-324217-secnz2ta authors: Pasdaran, A.; Pasdaran, A.; Sheikhi, D. title: Volatile oils: Potential agents for the treatment of respiratory infections date: 2016-08-05 journal: The Microbiology of Respiratory System Infections DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-804543-5.00016-6 sha: doc_id: 324217 cord_uid: secnz2ta file: cache/cord-277802-f8pyn3rx.json key: cord-277802-f8pyn3rx authors: Roman, Gheorghe title: Mannich bases in medicinal chemistry and drug design date: 2015-01-07 journal: Eur J Med Chem DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.076 sha: doc_id: 277802 cord_uid: f8pyn3rx file: cache/cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.json key: cord-001835-0s7ok4uw authors: nan title: Abstracts of the 29th Annual Symposium of The Protein Society date: 2015-10-01 journal: Protein Science DOI: 10.1002/pro.2823 sha: doc_id: 1835 cord_uid: 0s7ok4uw file: cache/cord-265764-h4zg0q8x.json key: cord-265764-h4zg0q8x authors: Singh, Kamaljit; Kaur, Hardeep; Chibale, Kelly; Balzarini, Jan title: Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline–pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies date: 2013-06-10 journal: Eur J Med Chem DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.05.046 sha: doc_id: 265764 cord_uid: h4zg0q8x file: cache/cord-283301-adjjkqt2.json key: cord-283301-adjjkqt2 authors: Awolade, Paul; Cele, Nosipho; Kerru, Nagaraju; Gummidi, Lalitha; Oluwakemi, Ebenezer; Singh, Parvesh title: Therapeutic significance of β-glucuronidase activity and its inhibitors: A review date: 2020-02-01 journal: Eur J Med Chem DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111921 sha: doc_id: 283301 cord_uid: adjjkqt2 file: cache/cord-321985-w84wwkgi.json key: cord-321985-w84wwkgi authors: Xing, Shihua; Wang, Mengyue; Peng, Ying; Chen, Daofeng; Li, Xiaobo title: Simulated gastrointestinal tract metabolism and pharmacological activities of water extract of Scutellaria baicalensis roots date: 2014-02-27 journal: J Ethnopharmacol DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.056 sha: doc_id: 321985 cord_uid: w84wwkgi file: cache/cord-017504-rtg7fs82.json key: cord-017504-rtg7fs82 authors: Lim, T. K. title: Punica granatum date: 2012-11-03 journal: Edible Medicinal And Non-Medicinal Plants DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5653-3_10 sha: doc_id: 17504 cord_uid: rtg7fs82 file: cache/cord-270602-599vweqe.json key: cord-270602-599vweqe authors: Donia, Marwa; Hamann, Mark T title: Marine natural products and their potential applications as anti-infective agents date: 2003-05-22 journal: Lancet Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00655-8 sha: doc_id: 270602 cord_uid: 599vweqe file: cache/cord-252108-04xr5xdl.json key: cord-252108-04xr5xdl authors: Havrylyuk, Dmytro; Zimenkovsky, Borys; Vasylenko, Olexandr; Day, Craig W.; Smee, Donald F.; Grellier, Philippe; Lesyk, Roman title: Synthesis and biological activity evaluation of 5-pyrazoline substituted 4-thiazolidinones date: 2013-06-06 journal: Eur J Med Chem DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.05.044 sha: doc_id: 252108 cord_uid: 04xr5xdl file: cache/cord-270424-8yhsjbmi.json key: cord-270424-8yhsjbmi authors: Kang, Dongwei; Zhang, Heng; Zhou, Zhongxia; Huang, Boshi; Naesens, Lieve; Zhan, Peng; Liu, Xinyong title: First discovery of novel 3-hydroxy-quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones as specific anti-vaccinia and adenovirus agents via ‘privileged scaffold’ refining approach date: 2016-11-01 journal: Bioorg Med Chem Lett DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.09.071 sha: doc_id: 270424 cord_uid: 8yhsjbmi file: cache/cord-293867-c4wnr5xe.json key: cord-293867-c4wnr5xe authors: Gürsoy, Elif; Dincel, Efe Doğukan; Naesens, Lieve; Ulusoy Güzeldemirci, Nuray title: Design and synthesis of novel Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives as potent antiviral and antimycobacterial agents date: 2019-12-06 journal: Bioorg Chem DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103496 sha: doc_id: 293867 cord_uid: c4wnr5xe file: cache/cord-293974-jcpkla55.json key: cord-293974-jcpkla55 authors: Simões, Marta Filipa; Ottoni, Cristiane Angélica; Antunes, André title: Mycogenic Metal Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Mycobacterioses date: 2020-09-02 journal: Antibiotics (Basel) DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9090569 sha: doc_id: 293974 cord_uid: jcpkla55 file: cache/cord-320693-de1lmzl1.json key: cord-320693-de1lmzl1 authors: Hu, Han; Guo, Nan; Chen, Shuhua; Guo, Xiaozhen; Liu, Xiaoli; Ye, Shiyi; Chai, Qingqing; Wang, Yang; Liu, Binlei; He, Qigai title: Antiviral activity of Piscidin 1 against pseudorabies virus both in vitro and in vivo date: 2019-07-31 journal: Virol J DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1199-4 sha: doc_id: 320693 cord_uid: de1lmzl1 file: cache/cord-328176-fck2ktxi.json key: cord-328176-fck2ktxi authors: Mahapatra, Manojkumar; Kulandaivelu, Umasankar; Saiko, Philipp; Graser, Geraldine; Szekeres, Thomas; Andrei, Graciela; Snoeck, Robert; Balzarini, Jan; Jayaprakash, Venkatesan title: Methyl-2-arylidene hydrazinecarbodithioates: synthesis and biological activity date: 2013-02-19 journal: Chem Zvesti DOI: 10.2478/s11696-013-0346-4 sha: doc_id: 328176 cord_uid: fck2ktxi file: cache/cord-280795-wtrt13ij.json key: cord-280795-wtrt13ij authors: Han, Yu-Tsung; Tsai, Chia-Sheng; Chen, Ya-Chio; Lin, Ming-Kuem; Hsu, Yau-Heiu; Meng, Menghsiao title: Mutational analysis of a helicase motif-based RNA 5′-triphosphatase/NTPase from bamboo mosaic virus date: 2007-10-10 journal: Virology DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2007.05.013 sha: doc_id: 280795 cord_uid: wtrt13ij file: cache/cord-020010-q58x6xb0.json key: cord-020010-q58x6xb0 authors: nan title: 19th ICAR Abstracts: date: 2006-03-13 journal: Antiviral Res DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2006.02.001 sha: doc_id: 20010 cord_uid: q58x6xb0 file: cache/cord-274506-fzcuu4ma.json key: cord-274506-fzcuu4ma authors: Jo, Seri; Kim, Hyojin; Kim, Suwon; Shin, Dong Hae; Kim, Mi‐Sun title: Characteristics of flavonoids as potent MERS‐CoV 3C‐like protease inhibitors date: 2019-09-12 journal: Chem Biol Drug Des DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13604 sha: doc_id: 274506 cord_uid: fzcuu4ma file: cache/cord-278513-ajfpghze.json key: cord-278513-ajfpghze authors: Boyle, John T.; Celano, Paul; Koldovský, Otakar title: Demonstration of a difference in expression of maximal lactase and sucrase activity along the villus in the adult rat jejunum date: 1980-09-30 journal: Gastroenterology DOI: 10.1016/0016-5085(80)90375-3 sha: doc_id: 278513 cord_uid: ajfpghze file: cache/cord-021419-nypnib0h.json key: cord-021419-nypnib0h authors: Olsufyeva, Evgenia N.; Yankovskaya, Valentina S. title: Main trends in the design of semi-synthetic antibiotics of a new generation date: 2020-03-17 journal: nan DOI: 10.1070/rcr4892 sha: doc_id: 21419 cord_uid: nypnib0h file: cache/cord-278654-dxx6z2fj.json key: cord-278654-dxx6z2fj authors: Wysocki, Jan; Batlle, Daniel title: Reduced plasma ACE2 activity in dialysis patients: another piece in the conundrum of factors involved in hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity? date: 2013-06-19 journal: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft240 sha: doc_id: 278654 cord_uid: dxx6z2fj file: cache/cord-292286-ygomb3oi.json key: cord-292286-ygomb3oi authors: Zakaryan, Hovakim; Arabyan, Erik; Oo, Adrian; Zandi, Keivan title: Flavonoids: promising natural compounds against viral infections date: 2017-05-25 journal: Arch Virol DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3417-y sha: doc_id: 292286 cord_uid: ygomb3oi file: cache/cord-271068-rwx171oj.json key: cord-271068-rwx171oj authors: Mayer, Alejandro M.S.; Rodríguez, Abimael D.; Berlinck, Roberto G.S.; Fusetani, Nobuhiro title: Marine pharmacology in 2007–8: Marine compounds with antibacterial, anticoagulant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities; affecting the immune and nervous system, and other miscellaneous mechanisms of action date: 2010-09-03 journal: Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2010.08.008 sha: doc_id: 271068 cord_uid: rwx171oj file: cache/cord-277541-ieex2xwx.json key: cord-277541-ieex2xwx authors: Sun, Jian; Wang, Hexiang; Ng, Tzi Bun title: Trypsin Isoinhibitors with Antiproliferative Activity toward Leukemia Cells from Phaseolus vulgaris cv “White Cloud Bean” date: 2010-06-14 journal: J Biomed Biotechnol DOI: 10.1155/2010/219793 sha: doc_id: 277541 cord_uid: ieex2xwx file: cache/cord-286136-gm6w590s.json key: cord-286136-gm6w590s authors: Aleksic Sabo, Verica; Knezevic, Petar title: Antimicrobial activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. plant extracts and essential oils: A review date: 2019-03-05 journal: Ind Crops Prod DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.02.051 sha: doc_id: 286136 cord_uid: gm6w590s file: cache/cord-291559-h6czy5bh.json key: cord-291559-h6czy5bh authors: Koirala, Prashamsa; Jung, Hyun Ah; Choi, Jae Sue title: Recent advances in pharmacological research on Ecklonia species: a review date: 2017-08-24 journal: Arch Pharm Res DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0948-4 sha: doc_id: 291559 cord_uid: h6czy5bh file: cache/cord-262950-zv6qerhg.json key: cord-262950-zv6qerhg authors: Reinert, Kassidy S.; Higbee, Thomas S.; Nix, Lyndsay D. title: Creating Digital Activity Schedules to Promote Independence and Engagement date: 2020-06-19 journal: Behav Anal Pract DOI: 10.1007/s40617-020-00437-8 sha: doc_id: 262950 cord_uid: zv6qerhg file: cache/cord-299007-5m6lk409.json key: cord-299007-5m6lk409 authors: Paterson, R. Russell M. title: Cordyceps – A traditional Chinese medicine and another fungal therapeutic biofactory? date: 2008-05-31 journal: Phytochemistry DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.01.027 sha: doc_id: 299007 cord_uid: 5m6lk409 file: cache/cord-285856-0sw3wt1i.json key: cord-285856-0sw3wt1i authors: Naesens, Lieve; Vanderlinden, Evelien; Rőth, Erzsébet; Jekő, József; Andrei, Graciela; Snoeck, Robert; Pannecouque, Christophe; Illyés, Eszter; Batta, Gyula; Herczegh, Pál; Sztaricskai, Ferenc title: Anti-influenza virus activity and structure–activity relationship of aglycoristocetin derivatives with cyclobutenedione carrying hydrophobic chains date: 2009-02-05 journal: Antiviral Res DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.01.003 sha: doc_id: 285856 cord_uid: 0sw3wt1i file: cache/cord-300872-blycbi4u.json key: cord-300872-blycbi4u authors: Saadeh, Haythem A.; Sweidan, Kamal A.; Mubarak, Mohammad S. title: Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Biological Activity of 8-Hydroxyquinolines date: 2020-09-21 journal: Molecules DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184321 sha: doc_id: 300872 cord_uid: blycbi4u file: cache/cord-303468-95btvr1v.json key: cord-303468-95btvr1v authors: Verran, Joanna; Jackson, Sarah; Scimone, Antony; Kelly, Peter; Redfern, James title: Biofilm Control Strategies: Engaging with the Public date: 2020-07-30 journal: Antibiotics (Basel) DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9080465 sha: doc_id: 303468 cord_uid: 95btvr1v file: cache/cord-309052-3h0g7s9v.json key: cord-309052-3h0g7s9v authors: Alam, Fiaz; Khan, Gul Nawaz; Asad, Muhammad Hassham Hassan Bin title: Psoralea corylifolia L: Ethnobotanical, biological, and chemical aspects: A review date: 2017-12-15 journal: Phytother Res DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6006 sha: doc_id: 309052 cord_uid: 3h0g7s9v file: cache/cord-336165-if8uxqha.json key: cord-336165-if8uxqha authors: Remoaldo, Paula; Serra, Jaime; Marujo, Noémi; Alves, Juliana; Gonçalves, Alexandra; Cabeça, Sónia; Duxbury, Nancy title: Profiling the participants in creative tourism activities: Case studies from small and medium sized cities and rural areas from Continental Portugal date: 2020-09-12 journal: Tour Manag Perspect DOI: 10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100746 sha: doc_id: 336165 cord_uid: if8uxqha file: cache/cord-336578-5qzpd890.json key: cord-336578-5qzpd890 authors: Sethiya, Jigar P.; Sowards, Melanie A.; Jackson, Mary; North, Elton Jeffrey title: MmpL3 Inhibition: A New Approach to Treat Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections date: 2020-08-27 journal: Int J Mol Sci DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176202 sha: doc_id: 336578 cord_uid: 5qzpd890 file: cache/cord-276166-b1e0bbrp.json key: cord-276166-b1e0bbrp authors: Li, Shi-fang; Zhao, Fu-rong; Shao, Jun-jun; Xie, Yin-li; Chang, Hui-yun; Zhang, Yong-guang title: Interferon-omega: Current status in clinical applications date: 2017-10-12 journal: Int Immunopharmacol DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.08.028 sha: doc_id: 276166 cord_uid: b1e0bbrp file: cache/cord-294897-29diwyoe.json key: cord-294897-29diwyoe authors: Pina-Pérez, M. C.; Rivas, A.; Martínez, A.; Rodrigo, D. title: Antimicrobial potential of macro and microalgae against pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in food date: 2017-11-15 journal: Food Chemistry DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.033 sha: doc_id: 294897 cord_uid: 29diwyoe file: cache/cord-295543-nj4a640t.json key: cord-295543-nj4a640t authors: Castañeda-Babarro, Arkaitz; Arbillaga-Etxarri, Ane; Gutiérrez-Santamaría, Borja; Coca, Aitor title: Physical Activity Change during COVID-19 Confinement date: 2020-09-21 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186878 sha: doc_id: 295543 cord_uid: nj4a640t file: cache/cord-303646-uxewsyli.json key: cord-303646-uxewsyli authors: Janas, Roman M.; Socha, Jerzy; Warnawin, Krzysztof; Rujner, Jolanta title: Further Studies on Aminopeptidase-M in Blood in Children with Cholestatic Liver Diseases and Viral Hepatitis date: 1999 journal: Dig Dis Sci DOI: 10.1023/a:1026626822298 sha: doc_id: 303646 cord_uid: uxewsyli file: cache/cord-304375-l5gvpat3.json key: cord-304375-l5gvpat3 authors: Singh, Kamaljit; Kaur, Hardeep; Chibale, Kelly; Balzarini, Jan; Little, Susan; Bharatam, Prasad V. title: 2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure–activity relationship and mode of action studies date: 2012-03-13 journal: Eur J Med Chem DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.03.007 sha: doc_id: 304375 cord_uid: l5gvpat3 file: cache/cord-286303-wo6356vq.json key: cord-286303-wo6356vq authors: Khanna, Varun; Li, Lei; Fung, Johnson; Ranganathan, Shoba; Petrovsky, Nikolai title: Prediction of novel mouse TLR9 agonists using a random forest approach date: 2019-12-20 journal: BMC Mol Cell Biol DOI: 10.1186/s12860-019-0241-0 sha: doc_id: 286303 cord_uid: wo6356vq file: cache/cord-339227-2i9q9c8u.json key: cord-339227-2i9q9c8u authors: Djakpo, Odilon; Yao, Weirong title: Rhus chinensis and Galla Chinensis – folklore to modern evidence: review date: 2010-11-22 journal: Phytother Res DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3215 sha: doc_id: 339227 cord_uid: 2i9q9c8u file: cache/cord-330660-tx20im6w.json key: cord-330660-tx20im6w authors: Mahmoud, Huda K.; Asghar, Basim H.; Harras, Marwa F.; Farghaly, Thoraya A. title: Nano-sized Formazan analogues: Synthesis, structure elucidation, antimicrobial activity and Docking study for COVID-19 date: 2020-10-07 journal: Bioorg Chem DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104354 sha: doc_id: 330660 cord_uid: tx20im6w file: cache/cord-327521-g5vefajw.json key: cord-327521-g5vefajw authors: Spisni, Enzo; Petrocelli, Giovannamaria; Imbesi, Veronica; Spigarelli, Renato; Azzinnari, Demetrio; Donati Sarti, Marco; Campieri, Massimo; Valerii, Maria Chiara title: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Microbial-Modulating Activities of Essential Oils: Implications in Colonic Pathophysiology date: 2020-06-10 journal: Int J Mol Sci DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114152 sha: doc_id: 327521 cord_uid: g5vefajw file: cache/cord-324335-eoabmyg7.json key: cord-324335-eoabmyg7 authors: Nicoletti, Marcello title: New solutions using natural products date: 2020-08-21 journal: Insect-Borne Diseases in the 21st Century DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818706-7.00007-3 sha: doc_id: 324335 cord_uid: eoabmyg7 file: cache/cord-270892-ycc3csyh.json key: cord-270892-ycc3csyh authors: Rollinger, Judith M.; Schmidtke, Michaela title: The human rhinovirus: human‐pathological impact, mechanisms of antirhinoviral agents, and strategies for their discovery date: 2010-12-13 journal: Med Res Rev DOI: 10.1002/med.20176 sha: doc_id: 270892 cord_uid: ycc3csyh file: cache/cord-340879-gu91cact.json key: cord-340879-gu91cact authors: Li, Miao; Liu, Qin; Cui, Yajuan; Li, Dong; Wang, Hexiang; Ng, Tzi Bun title: Isolation and Characterization of a Phaseolus vulgaris Trypsin Inhibitor with Antiproliferative Activity on Leukemia and Lymphoma Cells date: 2017-01-23 journal: Molecules DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010187 sha: doc_id: 340879 cord_uid: gu91cact file: cache/cord-342634-4ouhdjsr.json key: cord-342634-4ouhdjsr authors: Semrad, Katharina title: Proteins with RNA Chaperone Activity: A World of Diverse Proteins with a Common Task—Impediment of RNA Misfolding date: 2010-12-26 journal: Biochem Res Int DOI: 10.1155/2011/532908 sha: doc_id: 342634 cord_uid: 4ouhdjsr file: cache/cord-338727-1kodz527.json key: cord-338727-1kodz527 authors: Ilinskaya, O. N.; Mahmud, R. Shah title: Ribonucleases as antiviral agents date: 2014-10-11 journal: Mol Biol DOI: 10.1134/s0026893314040050 sha: doc_id: 338727 cord_uid: 1kodz527 file: cache/cord-346060-ns6v76rb.json key: cord-346060-ns6v76rb authors: degli Espinosa, Francesca; Metko, Alma; Raimondi, Marta; Impenna, Michele; Scognamiglio, Elena title: A Model of Support for Families of Children With Autism Living in the COVID-19 Lockdown: Lessons From Italy date: 2020-06-02 journal: Behav Anal Pract DOI: 10.1007/s40617-020-00438-7 sha: doc_id: 346060 cord_uid: ns6v76rb file: cache/cord-339716-1khdh9nf.json key: cord-339716-1khdh9nf authors: Munasinghe, Sithum; Sperandei, Sandro; Freebairn, Louise; Conroy, Elizabeth; Jani, Hir; Marjanovic, Sandra; Page, Andrew title: The Impact of Physical Distancing Policies During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health and Well-Being Among Australian Adolescents date: 2020-10-21 journal: J Adolesc Health DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.08.008 sha: doc_id: 339716 cord_uid: 1khdh9nf file: cache/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.json key: cord-356062-7q5n4t97 authors: nan title: Cumulative pharmacological activity index volumes 1-30 date: 2005-12-31 journal: Studies in Natural Products Chemistry DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(05)80101-2 sha: doc_id: 356062 cord_uid: 7q5n4t97 file: cache/cord-345695-5vi9wibk.json key: cord-345695-5vi9wibk authors: Hicks, Lorin L.; Schwab, Nathan A.; Homyack, Jessica A.; Jones, Jay E.; Maxell, Bryce A.; Burkholder, Braden O. title: A statistical approach to white-nose syndrome surveillance monitoring using acoustic data date: 2020-10-22 journal: PLoS One DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241052 sha: doc_id: 345695 cord_uid: 5vi9wibk file: cache/cord-344902-bittqpyo.json key: cord-344902-bittqpyo authors: Scott, Jennifer; Abaraogu, Ukachukwu O.; Ellis, Graham; Giné-Garriga, Maria; Skelton, Dawn A. title: A systematic review of the physical activity levels of acutely ill older adults in Hospital At Home settings: an under-researched field date: 2020-10-15 journal: Eur Geriatr Med DOI: 10.1007/s41999-020-00414-y sha: doc_id: 344902 cord_uid: bittqpyo file: cache/cord-354044-3ugc7odq.json key: cord-354044-3ugc7odq authors: Salazar-Gómez, Anuar; Ontiveros-Rodríguez, Julio C.; Pablo-Pérez, Saudy S.; Vargas-Díaz, M. Elena; Garduño-Siciliano, Leticia title: The potential role of sesquiterpene lactones isolated from medicinal plants in the treatment of the metabolic syndrome – A review date: 2020-09-16 journal: S DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.08.020 sha: doc_id: 354044 cord_uid: 3ugc7odq file: cache/cord-352668-qjlqsb2k.json key: cord-352668-qjlqsb2k authors: Cabello, Francisco; Sánchez, Froilán; Farré, Josep M.; Montejo, Angel L. title: Consensus on Recommendations for Safe Sexual Activity during the COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic date: 2020-07-20 journal: J Clin Med DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072297 sha: doc_id: 352668 cord_uid: qjlqsb2k file: cache/cord-353815-w35spqqt.json key: cord-353815-w35spqqt authors: Huan, Yuchen; Kong, Qing; Mou, Haijin; Yi, Huaxi title: Antimicrobial Peptides: Classification, Design, Application and Research Progress in Multiple Fields date: 2020-10-16 journal: Front Microbiol DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.582779 sha: doc_id: 353815 cord_uid: w35spqqt file: cache/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.json key: cord-352844-wggg3ynb authors: Annunziata, Francesca; Pinna, Cecilia; Dallavalle, Sabrina; Tamborini, Lucia; Pinto, Andrea title: An Overview of Coumarin as a Versatile and Readily Accessible Scaffold with Broad-Ranging Biological Activities date: 2020-06-29 journal: Int J Mol Sci DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134618 sha: doc_id: 352844 cord_uid: wggg3ynb file: cache/cord-351932-dn60t7qa.json key: cord-351932-dn60t7qa authors: Salehi, Bahare; Sener, Bilge; Kilic, Mehtap; Sharifi-Rad, Javad; Naz, Rabia; Yousaf, Zubaida; Mudau, Fhatuwani Nixwell; Fokou, Patrick Valere Tsouh; Ezzat, Shahira M.; El Bishbishy, Mahitab H.; Taheri, Yasaman; Lucariello, Giuseppe; Durazzo, Alessandra; Lucarini, Massimo; Suleria, Hafiz Ansar Rasul; Santini, Antonello title: Dioscorea Plants: A Genus Rich in Vital Nutra-pharmaceuticals-A Review date: 2019 journal: Iran J Pharm Res DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2019.112501.13795 sha: doc_id: 351932 cord_uid: dn60t7qa file: cache/cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.json key: cord-257167-rz4r5sj7 authors: nan title: Abstracts for the 29th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuroscience2006) date: 2006-12-31 journal: Neuroscience Research DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2006.04.004 sha: doc_id: 257167 cord_uid: rz4r5sj7 file: cache/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.json key: cord-022940-atbjwpo5 authors: nan title: Poster Sessions date: 2016-09-07 journal: FEBS J DOI: 10.1111/febs.13808 sha: doc_id: 22940 cord_uid: atbjwpo5 Reading metadata file and updating bibliogrpahics === updating bibliographic database Building study carrel named keyword-activity-cord === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 24160 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 23816 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 24503 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 24586 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 25097 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-016089-h122of8q author: Li, Haixia title: Lonicera japonica Thunb 金银花 (Jinyinhua, Honey Suckle) date: 2015-02-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-016089-h122of8q.txt cache: ./cache/cord-016089-h122of8q.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-016089-h122of8q.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-296769-xnjmk4pm author: Valentová, Kateřina title: Cytoprotective Activity of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants date: 2020-08-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-296769-xnjmk4pm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-296769-xnjmk4pm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-296769-xnjmk4pm.txt' === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 24825 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005337-3f6pwyy3 author: Yoon, Hyun Kyung title: Recent development of highly sensitive protease assay methods: Signal amplification through enzyme cascades date: 2013-01-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005337-3f6pwyy3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005337-3f6pwyy3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-005337-3f6pwyy3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-281597-x53ni6q1 author: Chiasson, Melissa A title: Multiplexed measurement of variant abundance and activity reveals VKOR topology, active site and human variant impact date: 2020-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-281597-x53ni6q1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-281597-x53ni6q1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-281597-x53ni6q1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-102632-yazl9usb author: Lobet, Guillaume title: QuoVidi: a open-source web application for the organisation of large scale biological treasure hunts date: 2020-07-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-102632-yazl9usb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-102632-yazl9usb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-102632-yazl9usb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-278513-ajfpghze author: Boyle, John T. title: Demonstration of a difference in expression of maximal lactase and sucrase activity along the villus in the adult rat jejunum date: 1980-09-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-278513-ajfpghze.txt cache: ./cache/cord-278513-ajfpghze.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-278513-ajfpghze.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-303468-95btvr1v author: Verran, Joanna title: Biofilm Control Strategies: Engaging with the Public date: 2020-07-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-303468-95btvr1v.txt cache: ./cache/cord-303468-95btvr1v.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-303468-95btvr1v.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-027713-8ohchx8p author: Abidine, M’hamed Bilal title: Human Activities Recognition in Android Smartphone Using WSVM-HMM Classifier date: 2020-05-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-027713-8ohchx8p.txt cache: ./cache/cord-027713-8ohchx8p.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-027713-8ohchx8p.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-328834-yetnlb2j author: Mohsin, Noor ul Amin title: Current Strategies in Development of New Chromone Derivatives with Diversified Pharmacological Activities: A Review date: 2020-06-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-328834-yetnlb2j.txt cache: ./cache/cord-328834-yetnlb2j.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-328834-yetnlb2j.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-270424-8yhsjbmi author: Kang, Dongwei title: First discovery of novel 3-hydroxy-quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones as specific anti-vaccinia and adenovirus agents via ‘privileged scaffold’ refining approach date: 2016-11-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-270424-8yhsjbmi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-270424-8yhsjbmi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-270424-8yhsjbmi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-253276-mqcwk2ow author: Desai, N. C. title: Synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of some novel thiazole clubbed 1,3,4-oxadiazoles date: 2013-09-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-253276-mqcwk2ow.txt cache: ./cache/cord-253276-mqcwk2ow.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-253276-mqcwk2ow.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-265764-h4zg0q8x author: Singh, Kamaljit title: Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline–pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies date: 2013-06-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-265764-h4zg0q8x.txt cache: ./cache/cord-265764-h4zg0q8x.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-265764-h4zg0q8x.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-016362-d3cpy37g author: Orhan, Ilkay title: Antiviral and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Some Heterocyclic Compounds from Turkish Plants date: 2007-08-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-016362-d3cpy37g.txt cache: ./cache/cord-016362-d3cpy37g.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-016362-d3cpy37g.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-330660-tx20im6w author: Mahmoud, Huda K. title: Nano-sized Formazan analogues: Synthesis, structure elucidation, antimicrobial activity and Docking study for COVID-19 date: 2020-10-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-330660-tx20im6w.txt cache: ./cache/cord-330660-tx20im6w.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-330660-tx20im6w.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-258239-7xyqlz0u author: Gärtner, Fabian title: Application of an Activity-Based Probe to Determine Proteolytic Activity of Cell Surface Cathepsin G by Mass Cytometry Data Acquisition date: 2020-10-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-258239-7xyqlz0u.txt cache: ./cache/cord-258239-7xyqlz0u.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-258239-7xyqlz0u.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-285856-0sw3wt1i author: Naesens, Lieve title: Anti-influenza virus activity and structure–activity relationship of aglycoristocetin derivatives with cyclobutenedione carrying hydrophobic chains date: 2009-02-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-285856-0sw3wt1i.txt cache: ./cache/cord-285856-0sw3wt1i.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-285856-0sw3wt1i.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-293867-c4wnr5xe author: Gürsoy, Elif title: Design and synthesis of novel Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives as potent antiviral and antimycobacterial agents date: 2019-12-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-293867-c4wnr5xe.txt cache: ./cache/cord-293867-c4wnr5xe.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-293867-c4wnr5xe.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-252108-04xr5xdl author: Havrylyuk, Dmytro title: Synthesis and biological activity evaluation of 5-pyrazoline substituted 4-thiazolidinones date: 2013-06-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-252108-04xr5xdl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-252108-04xr5xdl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-252108-04xr5xdl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-012623-bc9fj29h author: Pekmezaris, Renee title: Participant-reported priorities and preferences for developing a home-based physical activity telemonitoring program for persons with tetraplegia: a qualitative analysis date: 2019-05-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-012623-bc9fj29h.txt cache: ./cache/cord-012623-bc9fj29h.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-012623-bc9fj29h.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-300522-okbupw61 author: Sansone, Clementina title: Marine Algal Antioxidants as Potential Vectors for Controlling Viral Diseases date: 2020-05-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-300522-okbupw61.txt cache: ./cache/cord-300522-okbupw61.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-300522-okbupw61.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-007084-4niom5mw author: POPPLEWELL, PHILIP Y. title: The Influence of Age on Steroidogenic Enzyme Activities of the Rat Adrenal Gland: Enhanced Expression of Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Activity(*) date: 1987-06-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-007084-4niom5mw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-007084-4niom5mw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-007084-4niom5mw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-277541-ieex2xwx author: Sun, Jian title: Trypsin Isoinhibitors with Antiproliferative Activity toward Leukemia Cells from Phaseolus vulgaris cv “White Cloud Bean” date: 2010-06-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-277541-ieex2xwx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-277541-ieex2xwx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-277541-ieex2xwx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-281137-j81fgnld author: Rahman, Lubna title: An assessment on the role of endophytic microbes in the therapeutic potential of Fagonia indica date: 2017-08-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-281137-j81fgnld.txt cache: ./cache/cord-281137-j81fgnld.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-281137-j81fgnld.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-278654-dxx6z2fj author: Wysocki, Jan title: Reduced plasma ACE2 activity in dialysis patients: another piece in the conundrum of factors involved in hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity? date: 2013-06-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-278654-dxx6z2fj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-278654-dxx6z2fj.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-278654-dxx6z2fj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-295543-nj4a640t author: Castañeda-Babarro, Arkaitz title: Physical Activity Change during COVID-19 Confinement date: 2020-09-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt cache: ./cache/cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-303646-uxewsyli author: Janas, Roman M. title: Further Studies on Aminopeptidase-M in Blood in Children with Cholestatic Liver Diseases and Viral Hepatitis date: 1999 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-303646-uxewsyli.txt cache: ./cache/cord-303646-uxewsyli.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-303646-uxewsyli.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022779-himray6q author: nan title: Abstracts of oral presentations date: 2005-06-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022779-himray6q.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022779-himray6q.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-022779-himray6q.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-320693-de1lmzl1 author: Hu, Han title: Antiviral activity of Piscidin 1 against pseudorabies virus both in vitro and in vivo date: 2019-07-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-320693-de1lmzl1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-320693-de1lmzl1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-320693-de1lmzl1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-260674-a0ejus6m author: Chopra, Sakshi title: Impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviours- a cross-sectional audit of responses from nine hundred and ninety-five participants from India date: 2020-10-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-260674-a0ejus6m.txt cache: ./cache/cord-260674-a0ejus6m.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-260674-a0ejus6m.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318528-yc0jw3s1 author: Romero-Blanco, Cristina title: Physical Activity and Sedentary Lifestyle in University Students: Changes during Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-270602-599vweqe author: Donia, Marwa title: Marine natural products and their potential applications as anti-infective agents date: 2003-05-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-270602-599vweqe.txt cache: ./cache/cord-270602-599vweqe.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-270602-599vweqe.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-011038-5t8az1hf author: Mor, Satbir title: Synthesis, Type II diabetes inhibitory activity, antimicrobial evaluation and docking studies of indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones date: 2019-10-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-011038-5t8az1hf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-011038-5t8az1hf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-011038-5t8az1hf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-000884-zq8kqf6h author: Shen, Hsin-Hui title: Reconstitution of Membrane Proteins into Model Membranes: Seeking Better Ways to Retain Protein Activities date: 2013-01-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-000884-zq8kqf6h.txt cache: ./cache/cord-000884-zq8kqf6h.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-000884-zq8kqf6h.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-017131-rx1z4orm author: Patra, Amlan Kumar title: An Overview of Antimicrobial Properties of Different Classes of Phytochemicals date: 2012-02-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-017131-rx1z4orm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-017131-rx1z4orm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-017131-rx1z4orm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-321985-w84wwkgi author: Xing, Shihua title: Simulated gastrointestinal tract metabolism and pharmacological activities of water extract of Scutellaria baicalensis roots date: 2014-02-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-321985-w84wwkgi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-321985-w84wwkgi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-321985-w84wwkgi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-027712-2o4svbms author: Urošević, Vladimir title: Baseline Modelling and Composite Representation of Unobtrusively (IoT) Sensed Behaviour Changes Related to Urban Physical Well-Being date: 2020-05-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-027712-2o4svbms.txt cache: ./cache/cord-027712-2o4svbms.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-027712-2o4svbms.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-034066-fsp7e5x5 author: Di Figlia-Peck, Stephanie title: Treatment of children and adolescents who are overweight or obese date: 2020-10-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-034066-fsp7e5x5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-034066-fsp7e5x5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-034066-fsp7e5x5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-262950-zv6qerhg author: Reinert, Kassidy S. title: Creating Digital Activity Schedules to Promote Independence and Engagement date: 2020-06-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-262950-zv6qerhg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-262950-zv6qerhg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-262950-zv6qerhg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-328176-fck2ktxi author: Mahapatra, Manojkumar title: Methyl-2-arylidene hydrazinecarbodithioates: synthesis and biological activity date: 2013-02-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-328176-fck2ktxi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-328176-fck2ktxi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-328176-fck2ktxi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-274506-fzcuu4ma author: Jo, Seri title: Characteristics of flavonoids as potent MERS‐CoV 3C‐like protease inhibitors date: 2019-09-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-274506-fzcuu4ma.txt cache: ./cache/cord-274506-fzcuu4ma.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-274506-fzcuu4ma.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-286303-wo6356vq author: Khanna, Varun title: Prediction of novel mouse TLR9 agonists using a random forest approach date: 2019-12-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-286303-wo6356vq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-286303-wo6356vq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-286303-wo6356vq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-272943-q09i8fqu author: Dalhoff, A. title: Antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic activities of fluoroquinolones optimized for treatment of bacterial infections: a puzzling paradox or a logical consequence of their mode of action? date: 2014-12-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-272943-q09i8fqu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-272943-q09i8fqu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-272943-q09i8fqu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-307983-gjdza9bh author: Hawdon, James title: Cybercrime in America amid COVID-19: the Initial Results from a Natural Experiment date: 2020-06-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-307983-gjdza9bh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-307983-gjdza9bh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-307983-gjdza9bh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-007682-01iom9al author: Harrigan, Jeanine title: Monitoring Target Engagement of Deubiquitylating Enzymes Using Activity Probes: Past, Present, and Future date: 2016-09-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-007682-01iom9al.txt cache: ./cache/cord-007682-01iom9al.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-007682-01iom9al.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-292286-ygomb3oi author: Zakaryan, Hovakim title: Flavonoids: promising natural compounds against viral infections date: 2017-05-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-292286-ygomb3oi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-292286-ygomb3oi.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-292286-ygomb3oi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-277077-kwaiorp8 author: Tița, Ovidiu title: Use of Yoghurt Enhanced with Volatile Plant Oils Encapsulated in Sodium Alginate to Increase the Human Body’s Immunity in the Present Fight Against Stress date: 2020-10-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-324217-secnz2ta author: Pasdaran, A. title: Volatile oils: Potential agents for the treatment of respiratory infections date: 2016-08-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-324217-secnz2ta.txt cache: ./cache/cord-324217-secnz2ta.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-324217-secnz2ta.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-304375-l5gvpat3 author: Singh, Kamaljit title: 2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure–activity relationship and mode of action studies date: 2012-03-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-304375-l5gvpat3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-304375-l5gvpat3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-304375-l5gvpat3.txt' === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 23853 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 22908 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 24865 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 23835 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 24419 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 24183 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-013176-6ckuya1w author: Ninfali, Paolino title: Antiviral Properties of Flavonoids and Delivery Strategies date: 2020-08-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-013176-6ckuya1w.txt cache: ./cache/cord-013176-6ckuya1w.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-013176-6ckuya1w.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-293974-jcpkla55 author: Simões, Marta Filipa title: Mycogenic Metal Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Mycobacterioses date: 2020-09-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-293974-jcpkla55.txt cache: ./cache/cord-293974-jcpkla55.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-293974-jcpkla55.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318854-xaus3bma author: Sun, Yi title: Chapter 4 Bioactivity and Synthesis of Diarylheptanoids From Alpinia officinarum date: 2016-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318854-xaus3bma.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318854-xaus3bma.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-318854-xaus3bma.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-287348-00yaxpkp author: Martinez, Maria Jose Abad title: Antiviral Activities of Polysaccharides from Natural Sources date: 2005-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-287348-00yaxpkp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-287348-00yaxpkp.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-287348-00yaxpkp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-261170-arnwk287 author: Gallimore, W. title: Chapter 18 Marine Metabolites Oceans of Opportunity date: 2017-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-261170-arnwk287.txt cache: ./cache/cord-261170-arnwk287.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-261170-arnwk287.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-303879-3hug5hj3 author: Cushnie, T.P. Tim title: Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids date: 2005-10-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-303879-3hug5hj3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-303879-3hug5hj3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-303879-3hug5hj3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-271068-rwx171oj author: Mayer, Alejandro M.S. title: Marine pharmacology in 2007–8: Marine compounds with antibacterial, anticoagulant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities; affecting the immune and nervous system, and other miscellaneous mechanisms of action date: 2010-09-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-271068-rwx171oj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-271068-rwx171oj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-271068-rwx171oj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-339227-2i9q9c8u author: Djakpo, Odilon title: Rhus chinensis and Galla Chinensis – folklore to modern evidence: review date: 2010-11-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-339227-2i9q9c8u.txt cache: ./cache/cord-339227-2i9q9c8u.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-339227-2i9q9c8u.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-000445-2x7dfl1q author: Paliwal, Sarvesh K. title: Neglected Disease – African Sleeping Sickness: Recent Synthetic and Modeling Advances date: 2011-05-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-000445-2x7dfl1q.txt cache: ./cache/cord-000445-2x7dfl1q.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-000445-2x7dfl1q.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-276166-b1e0bbrp author: Li, Shi-fang title: Interferon-omega: Current status in clinical applications date: 2017-10-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-276166-b1e0bbrp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-276166-b1e0bbrp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-276166-b1e0bbrp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-295335-oa4twg2z author: Pastorino, Giulia title: Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): A phytochemical and pharmacological review date: 2018-08-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-295335-oa4twg2z.txt cache: ./cache/cord-295335-oa4twg2z.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-295335-oa4twg2z.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-021897-yeih3tfo author: Page, Stephen J. title: Tourism today: Why is it a global phenomenon embracing all our lives? date: 2011-10-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-021897-yeih3tfo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-021897-yeih3tfo.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-021897-yeih3tfo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-016575-bn15006x author: Cox-Georgian, Destinney title: Therapeutic and Medicinal Uses of Terpenes date: 2019-11-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-016575-bn15006x.txt cache: ./cache/cord-016575-bn15006x.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-016575-bn15006x.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-256992-rwy0n01l author: Taheri, Yasaman title: Myricetin bioactive effects: moving from preclinical evidence to potential clinical applications date: 2020-08-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-256992-rwy0n01l.txt cache: ./cache/cord-256992-rwy0n01l.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-256992-rwy0n01l.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-336165-if8uxqha author: Remoaldo, Paula title: Profiling the participants in creative tourism activities: Case studies from small and medium sized cities and rural areas from Continental Portugal date: 2020-09-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-336165-if8uxqha.txt cache: ./cache/cord-336165-if8uxqha.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-336165-if8uxqha.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-294897-29diwyoe author: Pina-Pérez, M. C. title: Antimicrobial potential of macro and microalgae against pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in food date: 2017-11-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-294897-29diwyoe.txt cache: ./cache/cord-294897-29diwyoe.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-294897-29diwyoe.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-327521-g5vefajw author: Spisni, Enzo title: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Microbial-Modulating Activities of Essential Oils: Implications in Colonic Pathophysiology date: 2020-06-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-327521-g5vefajw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-327521-g5vefajw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-327521-g5vefajw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-336578-5qzpd890 author: Sethiya, Jigar P. title: MmpL3 Inhibition: A New Approach to Treat Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections date: 2020-08-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-336578-5qzpd890.txt cache: ./cache/cord-336578-5qzpd890.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-336578-5qzpd890.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-300872-blycbi4u author: Saadeh, Haythem A. title: Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Biological Activity of 8-Hydroxyquinolines date: 2020-09-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-300872-blycbi4u.txt cache: ./cache/cord-300872-blycbi4u.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-300872-blycbi4u.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-274101-vm9nh8lc author: Perez Espitia, Paula Judith title: Bioactive Peptides: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications in the Packaging and Preservation of Food date: 2012-02-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-274101-vm9nh8lc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-274101-vm9nh8lc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-274101-vm9nh8lc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-257749-eyhsc8q8 author: Koul, Bhupendra title: Genus Psoralea: A review of the traditional and modern uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology date: 2019-03-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-257749-eyhsc8q8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-257749-eyhsc8q8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-257749-eyhsc8q8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-021419-nypnib0h author: Olsufyeva, Evgenia N. title: Main trends in the design of semi-synthetic antibiotics of a new generation date: 2020-03-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-021419-nypnib0h.txt cache: ./cache/cord-021419-nypnib0h.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-021419-nypnib0h.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-339716-1khdh9nf author: Munasinghe, Sithum title: The Impact of Physical Distancing Policies During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health and Well-Being Among Australian Adolescents date: 2020-10-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-339716-1khdh9nf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-339716-1khdh9nf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-339716-1khdh9nf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-345695-5vi9wibk author: Hicks, Lorin L. title: A statistical approach to white-nose syndrome surveillance monitoring using acoustic data date: 2020-10-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-345695-5vi9wibk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-345695-5vi9wibk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-345695-5vi9wibk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338727-1kodz527 author: Ilinskaya, O. N. title: Ribonucleases as antiviral agents date: 2014-10-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338727-1kodz527.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338727-1kodz527.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-338727-1kodz527.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-352668-qjlqsb2k author: Cabello, Francisco title: Consensus on Recommendations for Safe Sexual Activity during the COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic date: 2020-07-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-352668-qjlqsb2k.txt cache: ./cache/cord-352668-qjlqsb2k.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-352668-qjlqsb2k.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-340879-gu91cact author: Li, Miao title: Isolation and Characterization of a Phaseolus vulgaris Trypsin Inhibitor with Antiproliferative Activity on Leukemia and Lymphoma Cells date: 2017-01-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-340879-gu91cact.txt cache: ./cache/cord-340879-gu91cact.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-340879-gu91cact.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344902-bittqpyo author: Scott, Jennifer title: A systematic review of the physical activity levels of acutely ill older adults in Hospital At Home settings: an under-researched field date: 2020-10-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-346060-ns6v76rb author: degli Espinosa, Francesca title: A Model of Support for Families of Children With Autism Living in the COVID-19 Lockdown: Lessons From Italy date: 2020-06-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-346060-ns6v76rb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-346060-ns6v76rb.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-346060-ns6v76rb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-356062-7q5n4t97 author: nan title: Cumulative pharmacological activity index volumes 1-30 date: 2005-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt cache: ./cache/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-342634-4ouhdjsr author: Semrad, Katharina title: Proteins with RNA Chaperone Activity: A World of Diverse Proteins with a Common Task—Impediment of RNA Misfolding date: 2010-12-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-342634-4ouhdjsr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-342634-4ouhdjsr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-342634-4ouhdjsr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-354044-3ugc7odq author: Salazar-Gómez, Anuar title: The potential role of sesquiterpene lactones isolated from medicinal plants in the treatment of the metabolic syndrome – A review date: 2020-09-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-354044-3ugc7odq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-354044-3ugc7odq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-354044-3ugc7odq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-351932-dn60t7qa author: Salehi, Bahare title: Dioscorea Plants: A Genus Rich in Vital Nutra-pharmaceuticals-A Review date: 2019 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-351932-dn60t7qa.txt cache: ./cache/cord-351932-dn60t7qa.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-351932-dn60t7qa.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353815-w35spqqt author: Huan, Yuchen title: Antimicrobial Peptides: Classification, Design, Application and Research Progress in Multiple Fields date: 2020-10-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353815-w35spqqt.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353815-w35spqqt.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-353815-w35spqqt.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-270892-ycc3csyh author: Rollinger, Judith M. title: The human rhinovirus: human‐pathological impact, mechanisms of antirhinoviral agents, and strategies for their discovery date: 2010-12-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-270892-ycc3csyh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-270892-ycc3csyh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-270892-ycc3csyh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-324335-eoabmyg7 author: Nicoletti, Marcello title: New solutions using natural products date: 2020-08-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-324335-eoabmyg7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-324335-eoabmyg7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-324335-eoabmyg7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022955-vy0qgtll author: nan title: Proteases date: 2005-06-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-017504-rtg7fs82 author: Lim, T. K. title: Punica granatum date: 2012-11-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-017504-rtg7fs82.txt cache: ./cache/cord-017504-rtg7fs82.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-017504-rtg7fs82.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-020010-q58x6xb0 author: nan title: 19th ICAR Abstracts: date: 2006-03-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-020010-q58x6xb0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-020010-q58x6xb0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-020010-q58x6xb0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-352844-wggg3ynb author: Annunziata, Francesca title: An Overview of Coumarin as a Versatile and Readily Accessible Scaffold with Broad-Ranging Biological Activities date: 2020-06-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-277802-f8pyn3rx author: Roman, Gheorghe title: Mannich bases in medicinal chemistry and drug design date: 2015-01-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-277802-f8pyn3rx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-277802-f8pyn3rx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-277802-f8pyn3rx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-004948-ad3i9wgj author: nan title: 7th International Congress on Amino Acids and Proteins : Vienna, Austria, August 6–10, 2001 date: 2001 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023225-5quigar4 author: nan title: Posters date: 2012-08-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023225-5quigar4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023225-5quigar4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 15 resourceName b'cord-023225-5quigar4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023208-w99gc5nx author: nan title: Poster Presentation Abstracts date: 2006-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-004879-pgyzluwp author: nan title: Programmed cell death date: 1994 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006860-a3b8hyyr author: nan title: 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) date: 1996 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023209-un2ysc2v author: nan title: Poster Presentations date: 2008-10-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-001835-0s7ok4uw author: nan title: Abstracts of the 29th Annual Symposium of The Protein Society date: 2015-10-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006230-xta38e7j author: nan title: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie e.V. date: 2012-02-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 25 resourceName b'cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-008777-i2reanan author: nan title: ECB12: 12th European Congess on Biotechnology date: 2005-07-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt cache: ./cache/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 13 resourceName b'cord-008777-i2reanan.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-257167-rz4r5sj7 author: nan title: Abstracts for the 29th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuroscience2006) date: 2006-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 17 resourceName b'cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022940-atbjwpo5 author: nan title: Poster Sessions date: 2016-09-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 17 resourceName b'cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt' Que is empty; done keyword-activity-cord === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-034066-fsp7e5x5 author = Di Figlia-Peck, Stephanie title = Treatment of children and adolescents who are overweight or obese date = 2020-10-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10683 sentences = 516 flesch = 46 summary = 2 And in 2008, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality of the HHS came out with an Evidence-Based/Technology Assessment entitled "The Effectiveness of Weight Management Programs in Children and Adolescents." 3 In addition to these government-sponsored guidelines, recommendations for management of overweight and obesity in this population have been issued by multiple other organizations. One 12month technology-based program for adolescents with Type 2 diabetes "was not sufficient to produce weight loss with the combination of web intervention and group sessions and telephone follow up, but improvements in sedentary behavior and use of behavior change strategies expected to lead to behavior change was evidenced." 32 Telemedicine, in theory, should be able to compensate for some of the barriers that prevent access to and utilization of family based comprehensive behavioral interventions for child and adolescent obesity. cache = ./cache/cord-034066-fsp7e5x5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-034066-fsp7e5x5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-281597-x53ni6q1 author = Chiasson, Melissa A title = Multiplexed measurement of variant abundance and activity reveals VKOR topology, active site and human variant impact date = 2020-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10185 sentences = 536 flesch = 54 summary = Here, we used multiplexed, sequencing-based assays to measure the effects of 2,695 VKOR missense variants on abundance and 697 variants on activity in cultured human cells. Finally, 25% of human VKOR missense variants show reduced abundance or activity, possibly conferring warfarin sensitivity or causing disease. To understand the effect of human variants and to define the vitamin K and warfarin binding sites, VKOR variant activity has been extensively studied in cell-based assays (Czogalla et al., 2017; Shen et al., 2017; Tie et al., 2013) . We recombined a library of VKORC1 variants into the HEK293 activity reporter cell line and sorted recombinant cells into quartile bins based on carboxylation-specific antibody binding. Using these contacts, we computationally folded human VKOR, yielding a modeled structure similar to the bacterial structure (RMSD = 2.58 Å over 97/143 C alpha , Figure 3 Comparison of our abundance data to the energy required to insert different amino acids into the membrane yielded additional evidence for the four transmembrane domain model. cache = ./cache/cord-281597-x53ni6q1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-281597-x53ni6q1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-013176-6ckuya1w author = Ninfali, Paolino title = Antiviral Properties of Flavonoids and Delivery Strategies date = 2020-08-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8102 sentences = 372 flesch = 35 summary = Quercetin, extracted from Embelia ribes (Mirsinaceae), exhibited antiviral effects against HCV, exerted through activity inhibition of the viral protease Non-Structural protein 3 (NS3), leading to a decrease in HCV replication [36] . The natural extract of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (Vitaceae) contains many flavonoids, including vitexin, vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin, rutin, kaempferol, astragalin, quercitrin, quercetin and iso-quercetin, which were shown to be able to exert anti-influenza virus activity, with different efficiency, through the reduction of the number of plaques induced by the influenza virus in infected Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells [21] . In future perspective, this approach could be considered in order to possibly improve the antiviral activity of some flavonoids, like baicalin, that was able, like fludarabine [65] , to act against HIV-1 chronic infection of human monocytes and macrophages, inhibiting the fusion of HIV virus envelope proteins with these cells [73] . cache = ./cache/cord-013176-6ckuya1w.txt txt = ./txt/cord-013176-6ckuya1w.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-102632-yazl9usb author = Lobet, Guillaume title = QuoVidi: a open-source web application for the organisation of large scale biological treasure hunts date = 2020-07-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4496 sentences = 278 flesch = 63 summary = To assemble these different elements -biological vocabulary, observation, active learning and gamification -in a comprehensive learning activity, we created a large scale biological treasure hunt for our students. Educators also have the possibility to define specific game parameters, such as specific geographic regions in which the game takes place or restriction on the number of submissions in each quest group (adding for instance a point penalty below a certain number of "animal" or "plant" submissions). Once pictures are stored on the web interface, students can assign them to a specific quest and submit it for evaluation. The web application allows users to follow their progress in detail (which picture was submitted for which quest, what is the evaluation status, etc.) as well as the global progress of the other groups (the total number of collected points). More precisely, in the photo quiz module, students are presented with pictures submitted by other groups and validated by the educators (see below "Expert evaluation). cache = ./cache/cord-102632-yazl9usb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-102632-yazl9usb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-000445-2x7dfl1q author = Paliwal, Sarvesh K. title = Neglected Disease – African Sleeping Sickness: Recent Synthetic and Modeling Advances date = 2011-05-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8603 sentences = 401 flesch = 44 summary = brucei rhodesiense than the corresponding 2,5-substituted isomers (compounds 1-10, figure 4a), while among the 2, 5-substituted dications, the compounds possessing cationic substituents adjacent to nitrogen atoms in pyridine rings displayed superior activities against parasites compared to pentamidine as evident from compound 6 (figure 4b) which showed promising anti-trypanosomal activity (0.001µM) and lower cytotoxicity (4.90µM) than pentamidine and melarsoprol, but had poor in vivo activity giving only 1/4 cures in the STIB900 mouse model. Structure of two phenylbenzofuran dications with promising anti-trypanosomal activity Tidwell RR et al found that the in vitro anti-trypanosomal activities of bisbenzofuran derivatives against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, and cytotoxicity against mammalian cells depended on the position and the type of cationic substituents as well as the length of the carbon linker between aromatic moieties. Thus promising in vitro, anti-trypanosomal activity, excellent potency in the acute mouse model of trypanosomiasis and the reduced cytotoxicity (1.9 µM) of compound 1 compared to pentamidine warrants further pre-clinical and clinical trials of this molecule. cache = ./cache/cord-000445-2x7dfl1q.txt txt = ./txt/cord-000445-2x7dfl1q.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005337-3f6pwyy3 author = Yoon, Hyun Kyung title = Recent development of highly sensitive protease assay methods: Signal amplification through enzyme cascades date = 2013-01-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4060 sentences = 197 flesch = 43 summary = title: Recent development of highly sensitive protease assay methods: Signal amplification through enzyme cascades Various methods have been developed to analyze protease activity, among which, protease assays based on resonance energy transfer are currently used most widely. In this review, we briefly summarize the protease assay methods based on resonance energy transfer, and then elaborate the efforts to develop sensitive protease assays through signal amplification by using enzyme cascades. FRET methods have been widely used to assay protease activities because of its advantages, especially coming from the fact the signal is based on fluorescence [17, 18] . For instance, a highthroughput FRET-based method for assaying OmpT endopeptidase activity was used for engineering the substrate specificity of the enzyme [23, 24] . Detection and characterization of SUMO protease activity using a sensitive enzyme-based reporter assay cache = ./cache/cord-005337-3f6pwyy3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005337-3f6pwyy3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022955-vy0qgtll author = nan title = Proteases date = 2005-06-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 36388 sentences = 1759 flesch = 43 summary = In order to understand the molecular basis of the enzyme-substrate binding mechanism, we employ the synthetic peptide and mass spectrometry-based approaches to investigate the significance of selected amino acid residues that are flanking both sides of the SARS-CoV 3CL pro cleavage site. To contribute to the assignment of a physiological role to genomic-derived peptidases and to make them more accessible for the drug discovery process, we have undertaken a program consisting of mRNA expression profiling, full-length recombinant expression in insect cells, purification and determination of the catalytic activity for the human proteolytic enzymes. This comprehensive analysis of the local backbone properties of SGTI in the free and in the complex form made possible to identify conformational similarities and differences responsible for its efficient binding to the enzyme, and provides a good basis for further studying the structural aspects of protease inhibitor specificity. cache = ./cache/cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-328834-yetnlb2j author = Mohsin, Noor ul Amin title = Current Strategies in Development of New Chromone Derivatives with Diversified Pharmacological Activities: A Review date = 2020-06-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5675 sentences = 458 flesch = 57 summary = Upon in vitro evaluation, compound 10 ( Fig. 3) showed prominent activity (87% growth inhibition) against colon cancer cell line (HCT-116) as compared to fluorouracil (67% inhibition). Derivatives bearing electron withdrawing groups at positions # 5, # 6 and # 7 of chromone scaffold showed better activity. Upon evaluation as anticancer agents by MTT assay, compounds 22 (IC 50 = 1.42 ± 0.13 mM) and 23 (IC 50 = 2.92 ± 0.94 mM) showed prominent in vitro activity versus breast cancer cell line (T47D) as compared to doxorubicin (IC 50 = 0.33 ± 0.05 mM). Incorporation of methyl and ethyl group in the heterocyclic ring showed comparable activity to unsubstituted derivatives [47] . Attachment of methyl group with chromone core also produced less active derivatives [51] . synthesized fluorine-containing chromone and tetrazole hybrid molecules by Ugi-azide reaction [63] These derivatives displayed moderate antimicrobial activity as is evident by compound 51 (MIC = 20 mg/mL) activity versus Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. cache = ./cache/cord-328834-yetnlb2j.txt txt = ./txt/cord-328834-yetnlb2j.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-017131-rx1z4orm author = Patra, Amlan Kumar title = An Overview of Antimicrobial Properties of Different Classes of Phytochemicals date = 2012-02-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10500 sentences = 571 flesch = 40 summary = Although numerous studies have been conducted in vitro and in vivo in the recent years on the efficacy of plant phytochemicals as antimicrobial agents, this chapter provides an overview of the antimicrobial properties of some major group of phytochemicals, namely, different phenolic compounds, alkaloids, saponins, iridoids and secoiridoids, polyacetylenes, glucosinolates, terpenoids, sulfinate, limonoids (tetranortepenoids) and anthranoids against pathogenic bacteria, fungi, viruses and commensal bacteria in the intestinal tracts of humans and animals. This chapter also discusses their antimicrobial mechanisms of action, the efficiency of different groups of phytochemicals against multiple-drug resistant bacteria, the effect of active dietary phytometabolites on the beneficial and pathogenic microbes of the gastrointestinal tracts and the outcomes of combination of phytofactors and drugs interactions. Although, phenolic acids are effective against Gram-negative bacteria, their antimicrobial effect is strain dependent (e.g. different strains of Escherichia coli ; Cueva et al. cache = ./cache/cord-017131-rx1z4orm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-017131-rx1z4orm.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-016089-h122of8q author = Li, Haixia title = Lonicera japonica Thunb 金银花 (Jinyinhua, Honey Suckle) date = 2015-02-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2832 sentences = 140 flesch = 45 summary = Among them, chlorogenic acid is received considerable attention for its part in the human diet with potential biological effects [5] , and is used as a standard compound for evaluation of the quality of Jinyinhua and related pharmaceutical or natural health product containing the herb. Chlorogenic acid and luteoloside, officially used as the indicator compound to characterize the quality of this herb and its related preparations, were shown to have beneficial effects in the aspects of anti-oxidation and antitumor [1, 13] . Meanwhile, luteolin, another major flavonoid in Jinyinhua, and volatile oil also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity. They are mainly used for the treatment of fever, cough, sore throat, acute and chronic tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis through its function clearing away the heat and toxic material, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. Because Jinyinhua is an edible herb and commonly used as raw material in health food, clinical reports on the toxicity or side effects were done to determine its safety at least 10 years ago. cache = ./cache/cord-016089-h122of8q.txt txt = ./txt/cord-016089-h122of8q.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006860-a3b8hyyr author = nan title = 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) date = 1996 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 90660 sentences = 5152 flesch = 50 summary = Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Kiel and Mtinster, Germany Resistance to activated protein C (APCR), in the majority of cases associated with the Arg 506 Gin point mutation in the factor V gene is present in more than 50 % of patients < 60 years of age with unexplained thrombophilia. The regular APC resistance test is not applicable to plasma from Orally anticoagulated (OAC) or heparinized patients due to decreased levels of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors and to thrombin inhibition by antithrombin, respectively. On admission an extensive coagulation screen yielded the following results (n/normal, t/elevated, I/reduced, +/positive, -/negative): PT t, aPTT t, Tr n, factor II, V, VIII n, factor VII, IX, XI, XII /,, fibrinogan t, ATIII n, protein C, S *, activated protein C sensitivity ratio 1.92 ($), FV-Leidenmutation PCR -, fibrinolytic system n, TAT t, Ft÷2 t, lupus anticoagulant +, heparin induced platelet antibodies +; no diagnosis of a specific autoimmuna disorder could be made. cache = ./cache/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-027712-2o4svbms author = Urošević, Vladimir title = Baseline Modelling and Composite Representation of Unobtrusively (IoT) Sensed Behaviour Changes Related to Urban Physical Well-Being date = 2020-05-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4141 sentences = 136 flesch = 30 summary = We present the grounding approach, deployment and preliminary validation of the elementary devised model of physical well-being in urban environments, summarizing the heterogeneous personal Big Data (on physical activity/exercise, walking, cardio-respiratory fitness, quality of sleep and related lifestyle and health habits and status, continuously collected for over a year mainly through wearable IoT devices and survey instruments in 7 global testbed cities) into 5 composite domain indicators/indexes convenient for interpretation and use in predictive public health and preventive interventions. In the first approach, daily and intra-daily underlying measurements (Table 1 ) are used to estimate levels of adherence to rule-and range-based recommendations matured from institutional knowledge of relevant authorities and population-significant studies in the field, accumulated for over decades in the stated four example domains of motility, physical activity, sleep quality and cardio-respiratory fitness [8, 10, 11] . cache = ./cache/cord-027712-2o4svbms.txt txt = ./txt/cord-027712-2o4svbms.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-012623-bc9fj29h author = Pekmezaris, Renee title = Participant-reported priorities and preferences for developing a home-based physical activity telemonitoring program for persons with tetraplegia: a qualitative analysis date = 2019-05-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4404 sentences = 260 flesch = 51 summary = title: Participant-reported priorities and preferences for developing a home-based physical activity telemonitoring program for persons with tetraplegia: a qualitative analysis OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore perceptions and priorities of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) for physical activity and to incorporate their feedback to inform future development of a physical activity program delivered via a telemonitoring platform. Another study measured the effects of a home-based exercise program in persons with chronic SCI, including outcome measures of metabolism, body composition, physical activity, energy intake, measures of health and wellbeing, resting metabolic rate, heart rate, and blood pressure, aerobic capacity, immune function, and adipose gene expression [23] . Here, we report the results of a qualitative study of priorities and preferences for developing a home-based physical activity telemonitoring program for persons with tetraplegia. cache = ./cache/cord-012623-bc9fj29h.txt txt = ./txt/cord-012623-bc9fj29h.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-004879-pgyzluwp author = nan title = Programmed cell death date = 1994 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 81677 sentences = 4465 flesch = 51 summary = Furthermore kinetic experiments after complementation of HIV=RT p66 with KIV-RT pSl indicated that HIV-RT pSl can restore rate and extent of strand displacement activity by HIV-RT p66 compared to the HIV-RT heterodimer D66/D51, suggesting a function of the 51 kDa polypeptide, The mouse mammary tumor virus proviral DNA contains an open reading frame in the 3' long terminal repeat which can code for a 36 kDa polypeptide with a putative transmembrane sequence and five N-linked glycosylation sites. To this end we used constructs encoding the c-fos (and c-jun) genes fused to the hormone-binding domain of the human estrogen receptor, designated c-FosER (and c-JunER), We could show that short-term activation (30 mins.) of c-FosER by estradiole (E2) led to the disruption of epithelial cell polarity within 24 hours, as characterized by the expression of apical and basolateral marker proteins. cache = ./cache/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-256992-rwy0n01l author = Taheri, Yasaman title = Myricetin bioactive effects: moving from preclinical evidence to potential clinical applications date = 2020-08-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7256 sentences = 458 flesch = 40 summary = Polyphenols are a wide group of plant-derived molecules resulting from secondary metabolism, ubiquitously distributed in vegetable kingdom where they display different activities such as protective effect against UV rays, bacteria, virus and fungi infections, modulation of plant hormones, enzyme inhibition and pollinator attraction [1] . [101] reported the in vitro effect of myricetin on high glucose-induced β-cell apoptosis, possibly via cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) inhibition. Anti-angiogenic effects of myricetin (5 to 20 μM) assessed through in vitro (HUVEC) and in vivo (CAM) models revealed that this compound significantly inhibits angiogenesis induced by OVCAR-3 cells. In SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells, myricetin inhibited viability and induced apoptosis (40 μg/mL, time-dependent manner) through endoplasmic reticulum stress and DNA double-strand breaks [130] . Potential anticancer activity of myricetin in human T24 bladder cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo cache = ./cache/cord-256992-rwy0n01l.txt txt = ./txt/cord-256992-rwy0n01l.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-016362-d3cpy37g author = Orhan, Ilkay title = Antiviral and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Some Heterocyclic Compounds from Turkish Plants date = 2007-08-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4330 sentences = 195 flesch = 40 summary = As shown in Table 1 , none of the compounds had the ability to inhibit HSV, while only quercetin-3,7-O-α-L-dirhamnoside had inhibitory activity against PI-3 in the range 8-32 µg/mL of maximum and minimum cytopathogenic effect (CPE) inhibitory concentrations, respectively. In one of our recent studies, five diterpenoid-derivative alkaloids, lycoctonine (9), 18-O-methyllycoctonine (10), delcosine (11), 14acetyldelcosine (12), and 14-acetylbrowniine (13) (as shown in Fig. 3) were screened for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities [39] . The most active alkaloid with anti-PI-3 effect was shown to be protopine (1-32 µg/mL), followed by fumarophycine (2-32 µg/mL), chelidimerine, (+)-bulbocapnine, and (-)ophiocarpine (4-32 µg/mL), as well as β-allocriptopine and oxosarcocapniA number of antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumoral, antimalarial, and cytotoxicity studies have been so far reported on various derivatives of natural or synthetic isoquinoline alkaloids [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] . cache = ./cache/cord-016362-d3cpy37g.txt txt = ./txt/cord-016362-d3cpy37g.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-021897-yeih3tfo author = Page, Stephen J. title = Tourism today: Why is it a global phenomenon embracing all our lives? date = 2011-10-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11886 sentences = 450 flesch = 47 summary = • tourism is a discretionary activity (people are not required to undertake it as a basic need to survive, unlike consuming food and water) • tourism is of growing economic significance at a global scale, with growth rates in excess of the rate of economic growth for many countries • many governments see tourism as offering new employment opportunities in a growing sector that is focused on service industries and may assist in developing and modernizing the economy • tourism is increasingly becoming associated with quality of life issues as it offers people the opportunity to take a break away from the complexities and stresses of everyday life and work -it provides the context for rest, relaxation and an opportunity to do something different • tourism is becoming seen as a basic right in the developed, Westernized industrialized countries and it is enshrined in legislation regarding holiday entitlement -the result is many people associate holiday entitlement with the right to travel on holiday • in some less developed countries, tourism is being advocated as a possible solution to poverty (described as 'pro-poor' tourism) • holidays are a defining feature of non-work for many workers • global travel is becoming more accessible in the developed world for all classes of people with the rise of low-cost airlines and cut-price travel fuelling a new wave of demand for tourism in the new millennium. cache = ./cache/cord-021897-yeih3tfo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-021897-yeih3tfo.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-004948-ad3i9wgj author = nan title = 7th International Congress on Amino Acids and Proteins : Vienna, Austria, August 6–10, 2001 date = 2001 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 73534 sentences = 3588 flesch = 45 summary = Specific CTL were derived by immunization of HHD mice with tumor peptide extracts loaded on antigen presenting cells and with HHD transfected human tumor cell lines CTL induced against peptides from various tumors recognized tumor peptides more effectively than peptides extracted from normal tissues and also reacted with a serie of peptides derived from overexpressed candidate proteins, identified by differential display methods (SAGE, Microarrays) Comparison of CTL derived from HHD mice to CTL induced from patient's PBMC showed overlapping recognition of many candidate peptides. By comparison of pro-teomic cell maps from normal controls and individuals affected with lysosomal transport disorders we have selected and identified several candidate disease-causing proteins, which have to be further studied by mutation analysis and functional expression. The results of the in vitro studies available to date strongly suggest that its effects on neuronal amino acid transport processes is mediated via some novel extracellular mechanism controlling the H ϩ (and/or other ionic) concentrations of neurones. cache = ./cache/cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023209-un2ysc2v author = nan title = Poster Presentations date = 2008-10-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 111878 sentences = 5398 flesch = 45 summary = Site-specifi c PEGylation of human IgG1-Fab using a rationally designed trypsin variant In the present contribution we report on a novel, highly selective biocatalytic method enabling C-terminal modifi cations of proteins with artifi cial functionalities under native state conditions. Recently, our group report a novel approach to a totally synthetic vaccine which consists of FMDV (Foot and Mouth Disease Virus) VP1 peptides, prepared by covalent conjugation of peptide biomolecules with membrane active carbochain polyelectrolytes In the present study, peptide epitops of VP1 protein both 135-161(P1) amino acid residues (Ser-Lys-Tyr-Ser-Thr-Thr-Gly-Glu-Arg-Thr-Arg-Thr-Arg-Gly-Asp-Leu-Gly-Ala-Leu-Ala-Ala-Arg-Val-Ala-Thr-Gln-Leu-Pro-Ala) and triptophan (Trp) containing on the N terminus 135-161 amino acid residues (Trp-135-161) (P2) were synthesized by using the microwave assisted solid-phase methods. Using as a template a peptide, already identifi ed, with agonist activity against PTPRJ(H-[Cys-His-His-Asn-Leu-Thr-His-Ala-Cys]-OH), here we report a structure-activity study carried out through endocyclic modifi cations (Ala-scan, D-substitutions, single residue deletions, substitutions of the disulfi de bridge) and the preliminary biological results of this set of compounds. cache = ./cache/cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023208-w99gc5nx author = nan title = Poster Presentation Abstracts date = 2006-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 70854 sentences = 3492 flesch = 43 summary = In order to develop a synthetic protocol by an automated instrumentation, increasing yield, purity of the crude, and reaction time, a microwave-assisted solid phase peptide synthesis was validated comparing the use of the new generation of Triazine-Based Coupling Reagents (TBCRs) with a series of commonly used ones. Ubiquitinium is a well known mechanism in protein degredation of Eukaryotic cells ,in which many obsolte and corrupted three dimentional structure protein ,become marked by covalent attachment of ubuquitin through a multi-step enzymatic pathway.Ubiquitin is a small ,8.5 kDa peptide of 76 amino acid residues that targets such substrtes for proteolysis in proteasome .Recnt studies showed that an extra cellular ubiquitination process also taking place in the epididymes of humans and other animals marks protein on the surface of the defective sperm .it appears that structurally and functionally defective sperm become surface ubiquitinated by epididymal epithelial cells. This head-to-tailcyclized 14-amino-acid peptide contains one disulfide bridge and a lysine residue (Lys5) present in the P1 position, which is responsible for inhibitor specificity.As was reported by us and other groups, SFTI-1 analogues with one cycle only retain trypsin inhibitory activity. cache = ./cache/cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-007682-01iom9al author = Harrigan, Jeanine title = Monitoring Target Engagement of Deubiquitylating Enzymes Using Activity Probes: Past, Present, and Future date = 2016-09-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5506 sentences = 259 flesch = 39 summary = An alternative to classical activity probes containing a full ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like polypeptide is based on the use of small molecule inhibitors to label the catalytic site of desumoylating enzymes (sentrin-specifi c proteases, SENPs ). Indeed, the complexity of the recognition site of DUBs, which requires the binding of full-length ubiquitin in the catalytic site as well as the challenges in the characterization of potent and selective DUB inhibitors , has hindered production of ABPs for DUBs. However, following on from the ground-breaking evolution of cell-permeable and in vivo-compatible activity-based imaging probes developed for other proteases such as caspases or cathepsins [ 69 , 70 ] , the next generation of probes for DUBs will certainly be agents that enable direct visualization and quantifi cation of DUB activity in vivo. cache = ./cache/cord-007682-01iom9al.txt txt = ./txt/cord-007682-01iom9al.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-300522-okbupw61 author = Sansone, Clementina title = Marine Algal Antioxidants as Potential Vectors for Controlling Viral Diseases date = 2020-05-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4774 sentences = 248 flesch = 31 summary = Given the ability of various algal molecules—mainly sulfated polysaccharides—to inhibit viral infection at Stage I (adsorption and invasion of cells), we envisage a need to further investigate the antiviral ability of algae, and their mechanisms of action. Oxidative stress-a loss in the balance between the production of free radicals including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant cell signaling pathways [2] -can be a key factor of the pathogenesis in many acute or chronical human diseases [3] . For that, we explore the relationship between oxidative stress and viral infections, looking for solutions through the deciphering of cell signaling pathways that can inhibit virus replication and infections, and the mechanisms of action of potential antiviral molecules. Three polysaccharides extracted from marine microalgae, naviculan from the diatom Navicula directa, and two others (named A1 and A2) from the dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides also displayed antiviral activities against several enveloped viruses, such as HIV-1, HSV-1 or influenza virus type A (IFV-A) [71] . cache = ./cache/cord-300522-okbupw61.txt txt = ./txt/cord-300522-okbupw61.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006230-xta38e7j author = nan title = Deutsche Gesellschaft für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie e.V. date = 2012-02-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 135419 sentences = 7042 flesch = 43 summary = Here, we will present our analysis of Ca 2+ signaling following stimulation of the FcεRI receptor and application of secretagogues that are supposed to affect Ca 2+ -dependent mast cell activation such as adenosine, endothelin-1, substance P and compound 48/80 in BMMCs and PMCs derived from mouse lines with inactivation of TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5 or TRPC6 since specific antagonists are still lacking for these TRP channels. These data indicate that increased PP2A activity is associated with modified gene expression in TG hearts possibly affecting stress response and regulation of cell signalling. As demonstrated by qPCR and Western blot experiments, mesangial cells showed a marked time-and dose-dependent upregulation of CSE mRNA and protein levels after treatment with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB). The transcription factor cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) plays a critical role in regulating gene expression in response to activation of the cAMPdependent signaling pathway, which is implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure. cache = ./cache/cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-324217-secnz2ta author = Pasdaran, A. title = Volatile oils: Potential agents for the treatment of respiratory infections date = 2016-08-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7698 sentences = 407 flesch = 35 summary = The present chapter reviews natural traditional remedies used in the treatment of respiratory infections with the emphasis on antibacterial, antiviral, and antiinflammation activities of the volatile natural compounds (essential oils, etc.), and provides a brief view in some of structural activity relationships between antibacterial potencies and chemical structures of the essential oil's constituents. 10 Besides the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils in natural products, other characteristics such as high vapor pressure, low toxicity, and antiinflammatory potential create a worthwhile theme for using of these natural compounds for new drug development in respiratory infections. As a member of the phytochemicals, terpenoids have been observed as a model of lipid soluble agents, which have an impact on the activities of membrane catalyzed enzymes; for 3 SCREENING OF THE ANTIbACTERIAL EFFECTS OF ESSENTIAL OILS example, enzymes involved in respiratory pathways. 98 Among the natural chemical compounds, significant antiinflammatory activities of plant-based essential oil have been reported by many researchers, which showed the basis for folk and traditional uses of these herbs for treatment of inflammatory diseases. cache = ./cache/cord-324217-secnz2ta.txt txt = ./txt/cord-324217-secnz2ta.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-296769-xnjmk4pm author = Valentová, Kateřina title = Cytoprotective Activity of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants date = 2020-08-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1151 sentences = 62 flesch = 29 summary = The mechanism of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of aspirin on hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury was studied in NF-κB-luciferase transgenic mice. Fetească neagră tendrils and leaves extracts, intended to be used in oral hygiene products recommended in periodontal disease, displayed a cytoprotective effect against nicotine-induced cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity in human gingival fibroblasts [19] . opulus fruit fresh juice and a phenolic-rich fraction were able to decrease intracellular oxidative stress in mice insulinoma MIN6 cells, induced glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in the presence of an elevated glucose concentration, and inhibited in vitro activity of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 [21] . Moreover, their anti-inflammatory activity was studied in macrophages and multidrug resistance modulation as inhibition of P-glycoprotein and sensitization of doxorubicin-resistant ovarian carcinoma cells overproducing P-glycoprotein was detected and the effect on related gene expression revealed a distinct mechanism of action for the individual compounds [23, 24] . cache = ./cache/cord-296769-xnjmk4pm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-296769-xnjmk4pm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-258239-7xyqlz0u author = Gärtner, Fabian title = Application of an Activity-Based Probe to Determine Proteolytic Activity of Cell Surface Cathepsin G by Mass Cytometry Data Acquisition date = 2020-10-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2548 sentences = 141 flesch = 51 summary = To this end, we established an approach to determine the proteolytic activity of CatG on the cell surface of neutrophils, NK cells, B cells, and T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by combining the activity-based probe MARS116-Bt and the antibiotin-150 Nd antibody with CyTOF analysis. Therefore, MARS116-Bt-anti-biotin-150 Nd antibodies are useful to profile a vast panel of different cell subsets in order to evaluate catalytically active CatG, its regulation, or inhibition on the cell surface. The next-generation flow cytometry CyTOF setup in combination with MARS116-Bt-anti-biotin-150 Nd antibodies allows us to analyze and gate distinct cell subsets and simultaneously determine the proteolytic activity of CatG. Furthermore, MARS116-Bt-anti-biotin-150 Nd antibodies can be added to a vast panel of activation markers in CyTOF analysis to characterize immune cells during inflammation, inducing a pathologic effect, in homeostasis, or when stimulated with different substances. cache = ./cache/cord-258239-7xyqlz0u.txt txt = ./txt/cord-258239-7xyqlz0u.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-011038-5t8az1hf author = Mor, Satbir title = Synthesis, Type II diabetes inhibitory activity, antimicrobial evaluation and docking studies of indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones date = 2019-10-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5433 sentences = 363 flesch = 57 summary = title: Synthesis, Type II diabetes inhibitory activity, antimicrobial evaluation and docking studies of indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones We report a convenient and efficient synthesis of indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones (4a‒o) by the reaction of a variety of 2-acyl-(1H)-indene-1,3(2H)-diones (1) and 2-hydrazinylbenzo[d]thiazole/2-hydrazinyl-6-substitutedbenzo[d]thiazoles (2) in the presence of glacial acetic acid in good yields. All the synthesized indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones (4a‒o) were assayed for their in vitro Type II diabetes inhibitory activity by using Acarbose as standard drug and in vitro antimicrobial activity utilizing Streptomycin and Fluconazole as reference drugs. 2017; Huang and Huang 2019) and sulfur as heteroatoms and their biological activities herein, we report the synthesis, characterization, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, antimicrobial evaluation and docking studies of several benzothiazole tethered indeno [1,2-c] pyrazol-4(1H)ones (4a-o). In conclusion, the present study describe the synthesis and characterization of heterocyclic frameworks i.e., indeno [1,2-c] pyrazoles (4), and their biological evaluation as inhibitor of α-glucosidase and α-amylase related to Type II diabetes, and antimicrobial activity. cache = ./cache/cord-011038-5t8az1hf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-011038-5t8az1hf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022779-himray6q author = nan title = Abstracts of oral presentations date = 2005-06-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3621 sentences = 164 flesch = 41 summary = Here we present a novel strategy to synthesize proteins through a chemical ligation using unprotected peptide segments. Using short portions (7-11 amino acid) rich in positively charged residues from either human lactoferricin or the MARCKS protein as templates, a panel of 70 peptides each possessing a specific chemical structure was synthesized. Subsequent functionalization of such azide groups via Staudinger or "Click" chemistry should provide a convenient method for linking proteins with a diverse array of probes, biomolecules, surfaces and other materials under mild conditions. Moreover, the advantages of peptide and protein chemical synthesis over recombinant-DNA methods are increasingly being used to provide rapid structure-activity information of complex bioactive peptides, small proteins and functional receptor domains. Thus, these new peptides bear all of the requirements which are necessary for formation of cooperatively interacting helical structures and, furthermore, contain domains for cooperative sheet aggregation as well. cache = ./cache/cord-022779-himray6q.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022779-himray6q.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-016575-bn15006x author = Cox-Georgian, Destinney title = Therapeutic and Medicinal Uses of Terpenes date = 2019-11-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9832 sentences = 565 flesch = 52 summary = Terpenes have a wide range of medicinal uses among which antiplasmodial activity is notable as its mechanism of action is similar to the popular antimalarial drug in use—chloroquine. Terpenes and terpenoids are terms that are often used interchangeably but the two terms have slight differences; terpenes are an arrangement of isoprene units that are naturally occurring, volatile, unsaturated 5-carbon cyclic compounds that give off a scent or a taste to defend itself from organisms that feed off of certain types of plants (see footnote 1). This plant contains many medicinal properties like anticancer, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antihyperglycemic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic (Franklin et al. Beta-myrcene from Cannabis sativa, the plant which is high in terpenes, does not show an anti plasmodial effect but extracts from stem, leaves, and seeds of clove basil showed a good antiplasmodial activity (Small 2017; Kpoviessi et al. The results revealed that terpenes formed a major part of the extracts of medicinal plants that exerted antidepressant effects (Saki et al. cache = ./cache/cord-016575-bn15006x.txt txt = ./txt/cord-016575-bn15006x.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-253276-mqcwk2ow author = Desai, N. C. title = Synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of some novel thiazole clubbed 1,3,4-oxadiazoles date = 2013-09-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2623 sentences = 155 flesch = 47 summary = The structure activity relationship revealed that the presence of electron withdrawing groups at para position of phenyl ring remarkably enhanced the antibacterial activity of synthesized compounds. From the results of the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds 5ael, the following structure activity relationships can be derived: the antibacterial activity was considerably affected by substitution pattern on the phenyl ring and the most active compounds contain electron withdrawing substituent at para and meta positions of the phenyl ring (p > m > o). Compounds 5c and 5i, substituted with inductively electron withdrawing fluoro and nitro groups, respectively at para position showed the highest antibacterial activity (F > NO 2 ). While, substituting the phenyl ring with fluoro and nitro group at ortho position resulted in noticeable decrease in the antibacterial activity of compounds 5a and 5g respectively. The contrasting nature of substitution pattern at para position of the phenyl ring of most active antibacterial and antifungal agents indicate that the structural requirements are different for binding of drug to bacterial or fungal targets, respectively [43] . cache = ./cache/cord-253276-mqcwk2ow.txt txt = ./txt/cord-253276-mqcwk2ow.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-000884-zq8kqf6h author = Shen, Hsin-Hui title = Reconstitution of Membrane Proteins into Model Membranes: Seeking Better Ways to Retain Protein Activities date = 2013-01-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6861 sentences = 355 flesch = 39 summary = This review will discuss the reconstitution of membrane protein activities in four different types of model membrane—monolayers, supported lipid bilayers, liposomes and nanodiscs, comparing their advantages in membrane protein reconstitution. To simplify cell membrane systems, model membranes such as monolayers, bilayers, liposomes and nanodiscs have been developed, enabling detailed investigation of membrane protein structure in lipid membranes. There are a number of approaches used to create a model membrane in order to mimic properties of the native cell membrane, and we will review these various approaches for reconstituting membrane proteins into different types of model membrane-monolayers [5] , supported planar lipid bilayer [6] and liposomes [7] as shown in Figure 1A -C. By using this approach, it appears that both PLA2 and PLC are active at the monolayer model membrane, indicating that the kinetics of phospholipid hydrolysis at the air-water interface can be monitored by biophysical characterization techniques in situ such as PM-IRRAS and infrared reflection adsorption spectroscopy [22] . cache = ./cache/cord-000884-zq8kqf6h.txt txt = ./txt/cord-000884-zq8kqf6h.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-272943-q09i8fqu author = Dalhoff, A. title = Antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic activities of fluoroquinolones optimized for treatment of bacterial infections: a puzzling paradox or a logical consequence of their mode of action? date = 2014-12-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4715 sentences = 256 flesch = 36 summary = Surprisingly, the use of fluoroquinolones in indications other than bacterial infections has never been exploited, although not only nalidixic acid and its congener chloroquine exerts pleiotropic actions but, e.g., β-lactams and aminoglycosides are characterized by a broad range of biological activities too [47, 48] , so that a multitude of antimicrobial effects would not have been unusual. Fluoroquinolones inhibit not only enzymic activity of viral topoisomerases/helicases, but inhibit in vitro human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase as well; complete inhibition was observed at concentrations of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin of 3 μM and norfloxacin of 1 μM, respectively [71] [72] [73] . Fluoroquinolones like ciprofloxacin, amifloxacin, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, and 16 additional commercially available quinolones exhibit marked in vitro activity and in vivo efficacy against Plasmodium spp. cache = ./cache/cord-272943-q09i8fqu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-272943-q09i8fqu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-261170-arnwk287 author = Gallimore, W. title = Chapter 18 Marine Metabolites Oceans of Opportunity date = 2017-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7118 sentences = 404 flesch = 41 summary = Typically without the benefit of folklore therapeutic knowledge, marine organisms are collected, extracted, and fractionated to afford compounds that undergo evaluation with in vivo and in vitro assays en route to clinical applications. To gain an understanding of the importance of marine natural products chemistry in drug development G To be able to map the process involved in drug development from marine natural products G To gain an appreciation of the range of biological activities associated with compounds isolated from micro-and macroorganisms G To identify the marine-derived drugs which are undergoing clinical evaluation Biological activities identified in extracts and metabolites of algal origin include anticancer, antiobesity, neuroprotective, and antioxidant activity and Scheme 18.2 shows chemical structures of representative bioactive compounds isolated from the macroalgae. Biologically active compounds from marine bacteria also include Streptomyces species from sediment and fish gut from which anticancer (e.g., halichomycin and δ-indomycinone) and antibacterial agents (e.g., phenazines) have been obtained [58À60]. cache = ./cache/cord-261170-arnwk287.txt txt = ./txt/cord-261170-arnwk287.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-274101-vm9nh8lc author = Perez Espitia, Paula Judith title = Bioactive Peptides: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications in the Packaging and Preservation of Food date = 2012-02-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12716 sentences = 595 flesch = 37 summary = The separation occurs because of highly specific biochemical interactions between the peptide and the ligand Used when a high degree of specificity is required, for example, isolation of a target protein present in low concentration in a biological fluid or a cell extract Capillary electrophoresis Based on the migration of the peptide according to its charge in solution, depending on the application of an electric field. Peptides have shown various bioproperties, among them antimicrobial activity, leading to the application of these compounds in the food preservation area by either direct addition or incorporation into packaging materials (Table 8) . Active packaging materials incorporated with antimicrobial peptides have shown effectiveness in inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms, an improvement in food safety. Several studies have indicated significant changes in mechanical properties and surface morphology of the films incorporated with antimicrobial peptides. cache = ./cache/cord-274101-vm9nh8lc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-274101-vm9nh8lc.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-303879-3hug5hj3 author = Cushnie, T.P. Tim title = Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids date = 2005-10-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7955 sentences = 450 flesch = 38 summary = Increasingly, this class of natural products is becoming the subject of anti-infective research, and many groups have isolated and identified the structures of flavonoids possessing antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial activity. Although there have been comparatively few studies into the mechanisms underlying flavonoid antibacterial activity, information from published literature indicates that different compounds within this class of phytochemicals may target different components and functions of the bacterial cell [137] [138] [139] . The cytoplasmic membrane activity detected for quercetin by Mirzoeva and co-workers may represent one of the additional mechanisms of antibacterial action that was suspected to be present among the seven DNA gyrase-inhibiting flavonoid compounds tested by Ohemeng and colleagues [68] . In addition to the structural alteration of weak and moderately active antimicrobial flavonoids, investigation into the mechanisms of action of these compounds is likely to be a productive area of research. cache = ./cache/cord-303879-3hug5hj3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-303879-3hug5hj3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-007084-4niom5mw author = POPPLEWELL, PHILIP Y. title = The Influence of Age on Steroidogenic Enzyme Activities of the Rat Adrenal Gland: Enhanced Expression of Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Activity(*) date = 1987-06-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5237 sentences = 325 flesch = 44 summary = Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme activity, the rate-limiting enzyme in corticosterone biosynthesis, was measured in adrenal mitochondria isolated from 2-, 12-, and 18-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Under basal conditions (without 25-hydroxycholesterol), cholesterol side-chain cleavage activity (expressed as nanomoles of pregnenolone produced per min mg protein" 1 ) increased (P < 0.001) from a mean (±SE) of 0.43 ± 0.06 in 2-month-old rats to 1.26 ± 0.11 and 1.51 ± 0.06 in the 12-and 18-month-old rats, respectively. Accordingly, we measured cholesterol side-chain cleavage, 3/3-HSD, 21-hydroxylase, 11/3-hydroxylase activities, and cytochrome P450 contents in appropriate mitochondrial and microsomal fractions of adrenals from 2-, 12-, and 18-month-old rats. Results of the present study also suggest that the decline in steroidogenesis observed in adrenocortical cells isolated from senescent rats is not related to a reduction in cholesterol side-chain cleavage activity or other steroidogenic responses, as measured in vitro in isolated subcellular components. cache = ./cache/cord-007084-4niom5mw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-007084-4niom5mw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-271068-rwx171oj author = Mayer, Alejandro M.S. title = Marine pharmacology in 2007–8: Marine compounds with antibacterial, anticoagulant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities; affecting the immune and nervous system, and other miscellaneous mechanisms of action date = 2010-09-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10049 sentences = 552 flesch = 36 summary = cache = ./cache/cord-271068-rwx171oj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-271068-rwx171oj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-277077-kwaiorp8 author = Tița, Ovidiu title = Use of Yoghurt Enhanced with Volatile Plant Oils Encapsulated in Sodium Alginate to Increase the Human Body’s Immunity in the Present Fight Against Stress date = 2020-10-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8103 sentences = 433 flesch = 58 summary = The main purpose of this paper is to create a yoghurt with high antioxidant capacity, using only raw materials from Romania; (2) Methods: The bioactive components used to enrich the cow milk yoghurt were extracted as volatile oils out of four aromatic plants: basil, mint, lavender and fennel. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhy-drazyl (DPPH) method was used to determine the antioxidant activity; (3) Results: The results show that cow milk yoghurt enhanced with volatile oils of basil, lavender, mint and fennel, encapsulated in sodium alginate has an antioxidant and antimicrobial effect as a staple food with multiple effects in increasing the body's immunity. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of volatile fennel oil is offered by the high content of trans-anethole (63.30%), pinene (11.11%) and fenchone (8.32%) [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an aromatic plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is considered a rich source of essential oils. cache = ./cache/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-330660-tx20im6w author = Mahmoud, Huda K. title = Nano-sized Formazan analogues: Synthesis, structure elucidation, antimicrobial activity and Docking study for COVID-19 date = 2020-10-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2530 sentences = 168 flesch = 49 summary = Molecular docking simulations of the synthesized compounds into leucyl-tRNA synthetase editing domain of Candida albicans suggested that most formazan analogues can fit deeply forming stable complexes in the active site. Inspired by the promising previously reported antimicrobial and antiviral activities of formazans and the urgent need of new effective antimicrobial agent and antiviral drugs to act mainly against COVID-19 and in continuation of our research work in synthesis of bioactive compounds [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] , we synthesized herein a new series of nano-sized formazan analogues to study their potential as antibacterial and antifungal agents in vitro. In this study, molecular docking study of the newly synthesized formazan analogues 3a-f, 5a-h and 7a,b have been performed onto the active site of Candida albicans editing domain of cytosolic leucyl-tRNA synthetase to demonstrate their binding affinity and orientation. cache = ./cache/cord-330660-tx20im6w.txt txt = ./txt/cord-330660-tx20im6w.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-287348-00yaxpkp author = Martinez, Maria Jose Abad title = Antiviral Activities of Polysaccharides from Natural Sources date = 2005-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7003 sentences = 323 flesch = 41 summary = Although many compounds with potent antiviral activity in cell cultures and in experimental animals have been detected, at present only several molecules and a-interferon have been approved by the health authorities for therapy of viral infections in humans. Furthermore, several soluble derivatized dextrans with different percentages of carbomethyl, benzylamide and sulphonate/sulphate groups were also evaluated for possible inhibitory effects on HIV-1 infection, and from the results obtained, their use as anti-HIV therapeutic agents can be proposed [56] . Carrageenans and fucoidan are sulphated PS extracted from red seaweed and brown algae, which have shown potent inhibitory activity against different viruses including HIV. These compounds act as potent inhibitors of different enveloped viruses, including members of Herpesviridae, and their activity is linked to the anionic features of the molecule which hinder the attachment of viral particles to host cells. cache = ./cache/cord-287348-00yaxpkp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-287348-00yaxpkp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-307983-gjdza9bh author = Hawdon, James title = Cybercrime in America amid COVID-19: the Initial Results from a Natural Experiment date = 2020-06-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6048 sentences = 289 flesch = 45 summary = Thus, while more motivated offenders being online is likely to elevate rates of cybervictimization, the overall patterns are likely more affected by changes in target suitability and guardianship that result from the pandemic. These "dangerous" online routines would include surfing the dark web, playing online video games, online shopping, and visiting social media sites as all of these activities have been reported to increase cybervictimization (Bossler & Holt, 2009; Bossler et al., 2012; Costello et al., 2016; Hawdon et al., 2014; Leukfeldt & Yar, 2016; Navarro & Jasinski, 2012; Reyns et al., 2011; van Wilsem, 2011) . Taking all of these factors together, we would anticipate an increase in cybervictimization amid the COVID-19 pandemic due to more motivated offenders, a change in some "dangerous" online routines, and perhaps less target-hardening. cache = ./cache/cord-307983-gjdza9bh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-307983-gjdza9bh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-321985-w84wwkgi author = Xing, Shihua title = Simulated gastrointestinal tract metabolism and pharmacological activities of water extract of Scutellaria baicalensis roots date = 2014-02-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4481 sentences = 237 flesch = 44 summary = RESULTS: Main constituents of WESB remain unchanged during the incubation with simulated gastric juice (pH=1.5) and intestinal juice (pH=6.8), whereas four flavones, baicalin, wogonoside, oroxyloside and norwogonoside were metabolized into their respective aglycons by human intestinal bacteria. In this study, the water extract of Huangqin, the root of Scutellaria baicalensis (WESB) was incubated with simulated gastric and intestinal juices, and human fecal microflora, their metabolites were identified and the in vitro anticomplementary activity was evaluated. The inhibitory activity of main compounds in Huangqin as well as their metabolites against the standard strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), Enterococcus faecalis (gram-positive bacteria), Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa (gram-negative bacteria) was determined to understand the role of gastrointestinal tract conditions on pharmacological effects of Huangqin. According to the content changes as well as the chemical structure of the eight ingredients in WESB, we concluded that four flavone glycosides, baicalin, wogonoside, oroxyloside and norwogonoside were converted to their respective aglycons, i.e. baicalein, wogonin, oroxylin A and norwogonin by intestinal bacteria. cache = ./cache/cord-321985-w84wwkgi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-321985-w84wwkgi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-286303-wo6356vq author = Khanna, Varun title = Prediction of novel mouse TLR9 agonists using a random forest approach date = 2019-12-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6153 sentences = 320 flesch = 55 summary = In the current study, we present a machine learning based method for predicting novel mouse TLR9 (mTLR9) agonists based on features including count and position of motifs, the distance between the motifs and graphically derived features such as the radius of gyration and moment of Inertia. We therefore selected RF with the 20-fold cross-validation scheme, having maximum mean balanced accuracy and MCC and minimum standard deviation on both measures, to perform the Fig. 2 The effect of top 20 motifs in the high (a) and low (b) mTLR9 activity group of ODNs in the dataset. Our RF model predicted 545 of these 6000 random ODNs to be of high activity and we selected the top 100 for chemical synthesis, and then experimental tested them for mTLR9 activity using the RAW-Blue reporter cell line that expresses mTLR. The test dataset used to evaluate the performance of a model was composed of 46 ODNs (23 each from the two groups of high and low mTLR9 activity). cache = ./cache/cord-286303-wo6356vq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-286303-wo6356vq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-027713-8ohchx8p author = Abidine, M’hamed Bilal title = Human Activities Recognition in Android Smartphone Using WSVM-HMM Classifier date = 2020-05-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2355 sentences = 138 flesch = 50 summary = In this work, we perform the recognition of the human activity based on the combined Weighted SVM and HMM by taking advantage of the relative strengths of these two classification paradigms. The basic procedure for mobile activity recognition involves i) collection of labelled data, i.e., associated with a specific class or activity from users that perform sample activities to be recognized ii) classification model generation by using collected data to train and test classification algorithms iii) a model deployment stage where the learnt model is transferred to the mobile device for identifying new contiguous portions of sensor data streams that cover various activities of interest. In this work, we adopted a new method for physical activity recognition using mobile phones that uses labels outputting WSVM in HMM. One also notices for HAR dataset that the multi-class WSVM method improves the classification results over MC-SVM, MC-HF-SVM and HMM classifiers used alone. cache = ./cache/cord-027713-8ohchx8p.txt txt = ./txt/cord-027713-8ohchx8p.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-281137-j81fgnld author = Rahman, Lubna title = An assessment on the role of endophytic microbes in the therapeutic potential of Fagonia indica date = 2017-08-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5269 sentences = 295 flesch = 43 summary = Methanolic extracts were evaluated for total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoids contents (TFC), DPPH free radical scavenging activity, reducing power and total anti-oxidant assays were performed. Total phenolic contents and total flavonoids contents varies among all the bacterial extracts respectively in which Bacillus subtilis showed high phenolic contents 243 µg/mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia showed high flavonoids contents 15.9 µg/mg quercitin equivalents (QA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) 37.6 µg/mg of extract, reducing power (RP) 206 µg/mg of extract and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity with 98.7 μg/mL IC(50) value. Ascorbic acid was taken as standard and percent DPPH free radical scavenging activity of each endophytic bacterial extracts are shown in Table 2 . dispersa showed the highest values indicating their electron donating ability for Table 6 Protein kinase (PK) inhiation (i.e. zone's diameter in mm ± SD) during Streptomyces hyphae formation of isolated bacterial extracts (bald zone indicates PK inhibition while clear zone shows cytotoxicity) Surfactin stabilizing free radicals and showed the similar reductive potential as reported above. cache = ./cache/cord-281137-j81fgnld.txt txt = ./txt/cord-281137-j81fgnld.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023225-5quigar4 author = nan title = Posters date = 2012-08-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 70251 sentences = 3367 flesch = 43 summary = To further explore the structure-function relationship, a viable synthesis strategy for pseudodesmin A analogues was developed, based on side-chain attachment of the first amino acid to the solid support, followed by stepwise Fmoc solid-phase synthesis of the linear peptide precursor and on-resin head-to-tail cyclization. The cases when the amino acid sequence of a fragment coincided with part of the primary structure of a natural oligopeptide were recorded in the Total protein chemical synthesis requires a case by case design and optimization which is governed by factors such as the solubility of the individual peptide segments, their primary sequence and in particular the presence of "difficult" amino acid residues at ligation junctions such as proline or the location of cysteines. In this study we present synthesis of two series of peptide libraries, which were designed by substitution of Leu in the P5, P6 position of our control peptide (Ac-LLLLRVKR-AMBA) with each of nineteen amino acid residues in order to verifying its influence on activity and selectivity of the resulting analogues. cache = ./cache/cord-023225-5quigar4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023225-5quigar4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-008777-i2reanan author = nan title = ECB12: 12th European Congess on Biotechnology date = 2005-07-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 151383 sentences = 7577 flesch = 43 summary = Mollerup Department of Chemical Engineering, Building 229, DTU, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark A variety of factors that govern the properties of proteins are utilized in the development of chromatographic processes for the recovery of biological products including the binding and release of protons, the non-covalent association with non-polar groups (often hydrophobic interactions), the association of small ions (ion exchange) and the highly specific antigen-antibody interaction (affinity interactions). Such fermenters will be needed in order to meet the increasing pressure on costs for low price commodity type products such as single cell protein or food and technical grade enzymes, and to meet the demands of the new wave of white biotech, in which bio-produced chemicals must be made at prices competitive with those of the traditional chemical industry. The presentation will focus on use of the sensitive sandwich hybridization technology for the quantitative analysis of process relevant marker genes in different kind of microbial cell cultures with a focus on the production of recombinant proteins. cache = ./cache/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt txt = ./txt/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-303646-uxewsyli author = Janas, Roman M. title = Further Studies on Aminopeptidase-M in Blood in Children with Cholestatic Liver Diseases and Viral Hepatitis date = 1999 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4601 sentences = 284 flesch = 71 summary = Recently, we have shown that in childre n with chole stasis of diffe ring e tiologie s incre ase d se rum met-enkephalin occurs concom itantly with highly ele vate d se rum aminope ptidase -M activity and that both parame ters were appare ntly not affe cted by a short-te rm treatment with ursode oxycholic acid (39, 40) . There fore , in this study we attempted to furthe r characterize and compare the serum aminope ptidase -M activity in he althy childre n, childre n with chole static live r dise ase , and childre n with chronic or acute he patitis due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infe ction. As shown in Figure 2a , the e nzyme activity increased from 45 6 5 (undilute d se rum, pH 7.4) up to maxim al value s of 880 6 90 pg/min/ml (80-fold dilute d serum; value s are means 6 SEM) . cache = ./cache/cord-303646-uxewsyli.txt txt = ./txt/cord-303646-uxewsyli.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-300872-blycbi4u author = Saadeh, Haythem A. title = Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Biological Activity of 8-Hydroxyquinolines date = 2020-09-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16077 sentences = 768 flesch = 44 summary = Some of these strains have even become resistant to many antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents; These prepared compounds were subjected to bioactivity screening against the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses, with the results expressed as percentages of growth inhibition, and to cytotoxicity evaluation against the A549 cell line. A synthetic procedure (Scheme 13) involved a condensation reaction between the amino group (NH2) in 49 and the carbonyl group in salicylic aldehyde (50), followed by intramolecular cyclization under a These prepared compounds were screened for potential anticancer activity against MCF-7, HCT 116, HepG-2, and A549 using the MMT assay. This compound was screened against MCF-7 and Hela cancer cell lines using MMT assay, giving IC50 values of 21.02 and 27.73 mM, respectively In addition, Shamsi and coworkers prepared 16 quinoline-based 1,3,4-oxadiazole-triazole derivatives (Scheme 14) based on the hybrid strategy of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic scaffolds [36] . cache = ./cache/cord-300872-blycbi4u.txt txt = ./txt/cord-300872-blycbi4u.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-278513-ajfpghze author = Boyle, John T. title = Demonstration of a difference in expression of maximal lactase and sucrase activity along the villus in the adult rat jejunum date = 1980-09-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3218 sentences = 186 flesch = 51 summary = Sectioning of the villus-crypt unit in a cryostat enabled direct comparison of the distribution of lactase and sucrase enzyme activities in the adult rat. Sectioning of the villus-crypt unit in a cryostat enabled direct comparison of the distribution of lactase and sucrase enzyme activities in the adult rat. Differences in localization of enzyme activity in turn might help explain the decrease in the ratio of lactase to sucrase (0), and acid &alactosidase (A) along the villus-crypt unit. This is the first report that directly compares distribution of lactase and sucrase activities along the crypt-villus unit of the adult rat. The more apical localization of lactase activity compared to sucrase activity on the crypt-villus unit may help to explain the vulnerability of this enzyme to acute mucosal injury (e.g., acute gastroenteritis). Although it is not stated that the activities of all enzymes were assayed on the same villus-crypt unit, the authors report a more apical distribution of jejunal lactase activity when compared to sucrase and maltase. cache = ./cache/cord-278513-ajfpghze.txt txt = ./txt/cord-278513-ajfpghze.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-265764-h4zg0q8x author = Singh, Kamaljit title = Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline–pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies date = 2013-06-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4082 sentences = 219 flesch = 49 summary = On the other hand, pyrimidine-based compounds are well known for their wide range of promising antiviral [22] , antitubercular [23] , anti-AIDS [24] , antinociceptive [25] , antifungal [26] , antitumor [27] and antimalarial activities [28] apart from their role in the nucleic acid synthesis. The in vitro antimalarial screening of the new synthesized compounds 5aeg revealed good to moderate activities in nM range against both the tested Dd2 (CQ S ) and D10 strains (CQ R ) of P. Analysis of the activity of the compounds recorded in Table 1 reveals that replacing C-5 ethyl ester of the previously reported [29] decrease in antimalarial activity against both the chloroquine sensitive and chloroquine resistant strains of P. In this study, we have evaluated the mechanism of antimalarial activity of the most potent compound 5b of the series by studying its binding with heme (Fig. 4) . cache = ./cache/cord-265764-h4zg0q8x.txt txt = ./txt/cord-265764-h4zg0q8x.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-320693-de1lmzl1 author = Hu, Han title = Antiviral activity of Piscidin 1 against pseudorabies virus both in vitro and in vivo date = 2019-07-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5052 sentences = 320 flesch = 52 summary = METHODS: In this study, we evaluated the activities of five broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against several important swine-origin pathogenic viruses by TCID(50) assay. The pathogenic viruses isolated from pigs including pseudorabies virus (PRV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), and rotavirus (RV) are commonly observed in China. In this study, we investigated the activity of five AMPs including piscidin, caerin, maculatin, lactoferricin B, and indolicidin against several porcine-origin viruses. The antiviral effects of the peptides (maculatin, caerin, piscidin, lactoferricin B, indolicidin) were investigated in vitro against several viral pathogens that severely threaten the porcine industry. Three peptides (caerin, piscidin, maculatin) exhibited inhibitory activity against PRV, PEDV, TGEV, PRRSV, and rotavirus. Our plaque reduction assay result indicated that piscidin, caerin, and maculatin could inhibit PRV by directly interacting with the virus. cache = ./cache/cord-320693-de1lmzl1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-320693-de1lmzl1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-304375-l5gvpat3 author = Singh, Kamaljit title = 2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure–activity relationship and mode of action studies date = 2012-03-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6588 sentences = 381 flesch = 55 summary = Some of the compounds showed in vitro anti-plasmodial activity against drug-sensitive CQ(S) (3D7) and drug-resistant CQ(R) (K1) strains of Plasmodium falciparum in the nM range. In this communication, we report synthesis of a set of compounds that possess basic, hydrophobic as well as hydrogen bonding substituents, required for targeting either or both heme as well as DNA, thus providing new antimalarial agents active against chloroquine resistant strains of P. We have evaluated their anti-plasmodial activity, cytotoxicity and cytostatic activity, binding studies with DNA and heme (monomeric as well as m-oxo dimeric) using UVevisible, fluorescence spectrophotometry as well as NMR analysis. The comparison of association constants of 10r and 10c for monomeric and m-oxo heme reveals that both compounds bind strongly with m-oxo heme than monomeric heme and inhibit hemozoin formation by blocking the growing face of heme resulting in the observed anti-plasmodial activity. cache = ./cache/cord-304375-l5gvpat3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-304375-l5gvpat3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-262950-zv6qerhg author = Reinert, Kassidy S. title = Creating Digital Activity Schedules to Promote Independence and Engagement date = 2020-06-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5778 sentences = 459 flesch = 71 summary = In the current article, we provide a task analysis for creating both simple and complex digital activity schedules using Google Slides, a freely available, web-based technology that operates on a variety of digital platforms. Thus, the purpose of this article is to provide a detailed task analysis that both behavior analysts and parents can use to create and modify digital activity schedules using Google Slides, a freely available, web-based program that works on a variety of digital devices and platforms. 7. "Turn the page" on the digital schedule to display the next activity by touching or clicking on the arrow in the bottom-right corner of the screen. If the slide linked to the rectangle is incorrect, click "Remove link." Return to Step 5 in the section "Creating Navigation for Choice Pages." 9. In the left navigation bar, select the second choice page (the first slide with a large toy picture in the lower rectangle; Fig. 18 ) and paste the arrow. cache = ./cache/cord-262950-zv6qerhg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-262950-zv6qerhg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318854-xaus3bma author = Sun, Yi title = Chapter 4 Bioactivity and Synthesis of Diarylheptanoids From Alpinia officinarum date = 2016-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5322 sentences = 298 flesch = 48 summary = In this review, we discuss the antitumor-promoting, antiinflammatory, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antiinfluenza, and antiherpes simplex-1 virus activities of diarylheptanoids isolated from galangal resulting from our own and other research groups' investigation. Compound 6 showed the strongest activity among the four diarylheptanoids (IC 50 : 10 μM), and it also inhibited the mRNA expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and TRP-2, as well as protein levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) [52] . Compounds 2, 6, 15, 16, 47, and 48 were tested for their inhibitory effects on NO production in the LPS-activated macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 [15] . Thus, the reports cited above suggest that diarylheptanoids possess inhibitory effects against inflammatory and tumor-promoting activities. Compound 4 was also active against influenza virus with an EC 50 value of <10 μg/mL [61] , which suggests that 4 is an effective diarylheptanoid against both RSV and influenza virus in vitro. cache = ./cache/cord-318854-xaus3bma.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318854-xaus3bma.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-257749-eyhsc8q8 author = Koul, Bhupendra title = Genus Psoralea: A review of the traditional and modern uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology date = 2019-03-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11077 sentences = 653 flesch = 46 summary = These bioactive compounds belong to different chemical classes, including flavonoids, coumarins, furanocoumarins, chalcones, quinines, terpenoids and some others due to which these species exhibit significant anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-helmintic, anti-diabetic, diuretic, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer and anti-tumor activities. The active compound, bakuchiol (155) is a monoterpene phenol, has been obtained in a pure state and named after Sanskrit name of the plant (Mehta et al., 1973) and possess the potent anti-bacterial property (Satyavati et al., 1987) . corylifolia, several bioactive compounds such as bakuchiol (155), psoralen (92), isopsoralen (2), corylin (187), corylifolin (185) and psoralidin (228) were screened for their anti-oxidant potential. Studies on extraction and isolation of active constituents from Psoralea corylifolia and the anti-tumor effect of the constituents in vitro Anti-fungal activity of aqueous and solvent extracts of seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L. cache = ./cache/cord-257749-eyhsc8q8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-257749-eyhsc8q8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-020010-q58x6xb0 author = nan title = 19th ICAR Abstracts: date = 2006-03-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 46663 sentences = 2181 flesch = 44 summary = In the present study we reported the antiviral activity of neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir against lethal H5N1 influenza virus infection in ferrets, an appropriate animal model that closely resembles clinical signs of human influenza. Earl Kern 1 , Kathy Keith 2 , Robert Jordan 2 , Dennis Hruby 2 , Debra Quenelle 2 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA; 2 SIGA Technologies, Inc., Corvallis, OR, USA Although cidofovir (CDV) has been approved as an investigational new drug for emergency treatment of smallpox, its lack of oral activity and dose limiting toxicity dictates a need for continued development of better therapeutic agents for this potential bioterror disease. The in vitro antiviral activity of one of the most selective compounds, i.e. CHI-033, was assessed by (i) MTS-based cytopathic effect assays, (ii) virus yield reduction assays, (iii) real-time quantitative PCR (RT-QPCR) and (iv) by monitoring viral antigen expression. cache = ./cache/cord-020010-q58x6xb0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-020010-q58x6xb0.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-327521-g5vefajw author = Spisni, Enzo title = Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Microbial-Modulating Activities of Essential Oils: Implications in Colonic Pathophysiology date = 2020-06-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9179 sentences = 411 flesch = 34 summary = In recent years, many studies have analyzed their antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anticancer properties in vitro and on experimentally induced animal models of colitis and colorectal cancer. The recent discovery of the complexity of the human intestinal microbiota, composed of bacteria, fungi and viruses, and its intricate pathophysiological relationships with the immune system and the enteric nervous system, makes EOs truly interesting for their antimicrobial activities, often selective for the different microbial components. Recent studies have shown that geraniol administration reduced the intestinal inflammation induced by DSS [7] , but these anti-inflammatory effects could be also linked to its antioxidant activity, since its administration resulted in a decreased iNOS activity and a decreased lipid peroxidation, in a rat model of colitis [22] . Geraniol antibacterial activity seems to be linked to his property to destabilize bacterial cell wall and damage transmembrane efflux pumps, thus restoring drug-sensitivity in different bacterial antibiotic-resistant strains, such as Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii [29] . cache = ./cache/cord-327521-g5vefajw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-327521-g5vefajw.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-293974-jcpkla55 author = Simões, Marta Filipa title = Mycogenic Metal Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Mycobacterioses date = 2020-09-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6797 sentences = 375 flesch = 34 summary = The aims of this review are to showcase the extensive research and application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and other metal nanoparticles (MNPs) as antimicrobial agents. The fact that NTM share many infectious traits with the causing agents of tuberculosis (TB) allows them to be used in many research studies as model organisms of infection for this disease, with the advantage of being less pathogenic and faster growing species [7, 9] . Mycogenic synthesis of AgNPs combines the best of both worlds: the most effective MNPs that nanotechnology has developed together with the green production process mediated by fungi [80] . So far, little has been explored combining the use of mycogenic AgNPs and the fight against TB and other mycobacterioses, but the efforts presented in Table 4 show the potential to exert some control over this infection and its increasing resistance. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis cache = ./cache/cord-293974-jcpkla55.txt txt = ./txt/cord-293974-jcpkla55.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318528-yc0jw3s1 author = Romero-Blanco, Cristina title = Physical Activity and Sedentary Lifestyle in University Students: Changes during Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-09-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4385 sentences = 215 flesch = 52 summary = In the group analysis, differences were observed in relation to gender, year of study, BMI, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, symptoms of anxiety/depression, Mediterranean diet, living situation and stage of change. To broaden our approach, as a secondary aim, we also wanted to look at changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviour resulting from other factors such as alcohol and tobacco consumption, adherence to a Mediterranean diet, motivation, symptoms of anxiety/depression and sociodemographic characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate physical activity and sedentary behaviour in health sciences students before and during the lockdown. In the analysis by group, minutes of physical activity increased significantly during lockdown among the following groups: women; all years of study except final year; normal or low BMI; those who did not eat a Mediterranean diet; and those in the preparation or action stage of change. cache = ./cache/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-001835-0s7ok4uw author = nan title = Abstracts of the 29th Annual Symposium of The Protein Society date = 2015-10-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 138514 sentences = 6150 flesch = 40 summary = Altogether, these results indicate that, although PHDs might be more selective for HIF as a substrate as it was initially thought, the enzymatic activity of the prolyl hydroxylases is possibly influenced by a number of other proteins that can directly bind to PHDs. Non-natural aminoacids via the MIO-enzyme toolkit Alina Filip 1 , Judith H Bartha-V ari 1 , Gergely B an oczy 2 , L aszl o Poppe 2 , Csaba Paizs 1 , Florin-Dan Irimie 1 1 Biocatalysis and Biotransformation Research Group, Department of Chemistry, UBB, 2 Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology An attractive enzymatic route to enantiomerically pure to the highly valuable a-or b-aromatic amino acids involves the use of aromatic ammonia lyases (ALs) and aminomutases (AMs). Continuing our studies of the effect of like-charged residues on protein-folding mechanisms, in this work, we investigated, by means of NMR spectroscopy and molecular-dynamics simulations, two short fragments of the human Pin1 WW domain [hPin1(14-24); hPin1(15-23)] and one single point mutation system derived from hPin1(14-24) in which the original charged residues were replaced with non-polar alanine residues. cache = ./cache/cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-324335-eoabmyg7 author = Nicoletti, Marcello title = New solutions using natural products date = 2020-08-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 31235 sentences = 1427 flesch = 46 summary = Considering the enormous quantity of results and scientific data concerning the validation of medicinal and biological properties, the international scientific community included neem on the list of the top 10 plants to investigate and use for the sustainable development of the planet and the health of mankind (Tewari, 1992; Foster and Moser, 2000) . The plant drug is usually utilized exsiccated, or as a derived product, like an extract, resin or oil, which can be obtained as such, or be enriched in one or more constituents, which are considered responsible for the activity. In particular, considering insect-borne diseases, in vivo activity of neem seed oil (NSO) against malaria Plasmodium has also been reported (Dahiya et al., 2016; Trapanelli et al., 2016) . cache = ./cache/cord-324335-eoabmyg7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-324335-eoabmyg7.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-021419-nypnib0h author = Olsufyeva, Evgenia N. title = Main trends in the design of semi-synthetic antibiotics of a new generation date = 2020-03-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16144 sentences = 923 flesch = 45 summary = In this review, the following classes of compounds are considered as scaffolds for the synthesis of new antibiotics: polycyclic glycopeptides of the vancomycin ± teicoplanin group, classical macrolides, macrolides of the amphotericin B ± oligomycin group, anthracyclines, aureolic acid derivatives, heliomycin, synthetic benzoxaboroles and some other antibiotics. 42 Antibacterial activity of derivatives 52 ± 55 modified at the C(11)7OH group of the aglycone was evaluated compared to the starting antibiotics vancomycin (1) and azithromycin (30) on a panel of Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacterial strains (8 and 3 strains, respectively). In order to improve antifungal properties, cytotoxic and therapeutic characteristics and to study the mechanisms of action, series of new semi-synthetic derivatives based on AmB (63a) and bioengineered analogues S44HP (64a), BSG005 (65a), BSG022 (66a), BSG019 (67), BSG003 (68a) and BSG018 (69) were synthesized (in collaboration with the company BIOSERGEN, Norway) (Scheme 17). cache = ./cache/cord-021419-nypnib0h.txt txt = ./txt/cord-021419-nypnib0h.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-295335-oa4twg2z author = Pastorino, Giulia title = Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): A phytochemical and pharmacological review date = 2018-08-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8257 sentences = 462 flesch = 38 summary = In vivo-double-blind clinical trial in human patients Reduction of erythema, oedema, and itching scores (Halder & Richards, 2004) -In vitro-topical treatments in human patients during 4 weeks Lighten hand solar lentigines (Nerya et al., 2003) Glycyrrhetinic acid; glabridin 0-120 μM In vitro-human keratinocyte culture Prevention of oxidative DNA fragmentation and activation of apoptosis-associated proteins in human keratinocyte (Grippaudo & Di Russo, 2016) (Continues) In vitro-Vero cells In vivo-ducks Stimulation of immune and antiviral effect against DHV (Soufy et al., 2012) 0.1 μg/ml (extract) In vitro-human foreskin cell line Protection of host cells against EV71 infection (Kuo, Chang, Wang, & Chiang, 2009) In vivo-oral administration to humans (LDL isolation) (Carmeli & Fogelman, 2009) Licochalcone 2-20 μg/ml DPPH, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation, red blood cells Inhibition of the microsomal lipid peroxidation (Haraguchi, Ishikawa, Mizutani, Tamura, & Kinoshita, 1998) Hepatoprotective activity Liquorice aqueous extract 100-300 mg/kg 15 days In vivo-oral administration to Wistar rats Stimulation of the antioxidant enzymes and arrest of inflammatory cytokine production (Huo, Wang, Liang, Bao, & Gu, 2011) G. cache = ./cache/cord-295335-oa4twg2z.txt txt = ./txt/cord-295335-oa4twg2z.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-270602-599vweqe author = Donia, Marwa title = Marine natural products and their potential applications as anti-infective agents date = 2003-05-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5956 sentences = 339 flesch = 42 summary = Although many marine-product clinical trials are for cancer chemotherapy, drug resistance, emerging infectious diseases, and the threat of bioterrorism have all contributed to the interest in assessing natural ocean products in the treatment of infectious organisms. Many marine natural products have successfully advanced to the late stages of clinical trials, including dolastatin 10, ecteinascidin-743, kahalalide F, and aplidine, and a growing number of candidates have been selected as promising leads for extended preclinical assessment. Many marine natural products have successfully advanced to the late stages of clinical trials, including dolastatin 10, ecteinascidin-743, kahalalide F, and aplidine, and a growing number of candidates have been selected as promising leads for extended preclinical assessment. 6 In this review, we focus on the pharmacologically tested marine leads that have shown in-vivo efficacy or potent invitro activity against infectious and parasitic diseases, including malaria, toxoplasmosis, trypanosomiasis, and viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. cache = ./cache/cord-270602-599vweqe.txt txt = ./txt/cord-270602-599vweqe.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-276166-b1e0bbrp author = Li, Shi-fang title = Interferon-omega: Current status in clinical applications date = 2017-10-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7734 sentences = 365 flesch = 45 summary = Previous studies showed that glycosylated IFN-ω + ribavirin (RBV) had a synergistic effect in terms of its antiviral activity in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients [43] . [49] showed that interleukin (IL)-6 production was affected considerably in feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected cats treated with recombinant feline IFN-ω (rFeIFN-ω) by subcutaneous or oral protocols. Because of its antiviral, immunomodulatory, anti-proliferation, and antitumor activities, IFN-ω has been explored as a treatment option for some diseases and viral infections in humans and other animals. Evaluation of viremia, proviral load and cytokine profile in naturally feline immunodeficiency virus infected cats treated with two different protocols of recombinant feline interferon omega Limited efficacy of topical recombinant feline interferon-omega for treatment of cats with acute upper respiratory viral disease Oral recombinant feline interferon-omega as an alternative immune modulation therapy in FIV positive cats: clinical and laboratory evaluation cache = ./cache/cord-276166-b1e0bbrp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-276166-b1e0bbrp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-295543-nj4a640t author = Castañeda-Babarro, Arkaitz title = Physical Activity Change during COVID-19 Confinement date = 2020-09-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3600 sentences = 190 flesch = 53 summary = Conclusion: The Spanish adult population, especially young people, students and very active men, decreased daily self-reported PA and increased ST during COVID-19 confinement. While the disease spreads around the world, healthy people are being requested to stay at home for prolonged periods of time and, as a consequence, COVID-19 has radically modified the determining factors (individual, interpersonal, environmental, regional or national policies and global) [11] of both types of behavior Thus, due to isolation and limitations in engaging in regular and common activities, fulfilling PA recommendations and reducing sedentary behavior during lockdown may pose a significant challenge, especially during the first weeks when the population has limited chances to find alternatives to ensure they remain active even at home. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze self-reported PA and sedentary behavior before and during lockdown caused by COVID-19 in a Spanish healthy adult population. cache = ./cache/cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt txt = ./txt/cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-274506-fzcuu4ma author = Jo, Seri title = Characteristics of flavonoids as potent MERS‐CoV 3C‐like protease inhibitors date = 2019-09-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4210 sentences = 247 flesch = 51 summary = While PLpro cuts the first three cleavage sites of its polyprotein, 3CLpro is responsible for cleavage of the remaining eleven locations resulting in release of a total of 16 non-structural proteins (nsp) in both SARS-and MERS-CoVs. The homodimeric form of 3CLpro is active in the presence of substrates. In this study, we used a proteolytic method to probe MERS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitory compounds with a synthetic peptide labelled with the EDANS-DABCYL FRET (Fluorescence resonance energy transfer) pair (Liu et al., 2005) . The proteolytic assay using MERS-CoV 3CLpro in the presence of Triton X-100 has been performed to differentiate artificial inhibitory activity of chemicals through non-specific binding with proteases by forming aggregate or complexation. The four compounds showed the severely reduced fluorescent intensity and thus represented their MERS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitory activity. In this study, we assayed the inhibitory activity of various flavonoids against MERS-CoV 3CLpro. The analysis of the four compounds with their homologs using an induced-fit docking study provided an insight of flavonoid scaffolds required to bind with MERS-CoV 3CLpro. cache = ./cache/cord-274506-fzcuu4ma.txt txt = ./txt/cord-274506-fzcuu4ma.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-294897-29diwyoe author = Pina-Pérez, M. C. title = Antimicrobial potential of macro and microalgae against pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in food date = 2017-11-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9244 sentences = 471 flesch = 39 summary = In this connection, marine algae are emerging as a new generation of potential preservatives, macro-and microalgae extracts, or pure ingredients with health benefits and demonstrated antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities (Dai & Mumper, 2010; Devi et al., 2008) . Although intensive study of the antimicrobial potential of algae has begun [2005] [2006] [2007] [2008] [2009] [2010] [2011] [2012] [2013] [2014] [2015] [2016] , most of the studies that have been published are about therapeutic and antibacterial/antiviral capabilities of algae compounds, their ability to inhibit or kill clinical bacteria (Mehadi et al., 2015; Rajeshkumar et al., 2014; Rhimou, Hassane, José, & Nathalie, 2010) , but not about the effect of these bioactive molecules against foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms commonly found in food matrices. Nowadays, the antimicrobial potential of algae against the main foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms is one of the most interesting fields of research regarding the use of marine vegetables as sources of staple food and bioactives for human nutrition. cache = ./cache/cord-294897-29diwyoe.txt txt = ./txt/cord-294897-29diwyoe.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-277541-ieex2xwx author = Sun, Jian title = Trypsin Isoinhibitors with Antiproliferative Activity toward Leukemia Cells from Phaseolus vulgaris cv “White Cloud Bean” date = 2010-06-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3588 sentences = 210 flesch = 46 summary = title: Trypsin Isoinhibitors with Antiproliferative Activity toward Leukemia Cells from Phaseolus vulgaris cv "White Cloud Bean" A purification protocol that comprised ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on SP-Sepharose, and gel filtration by FPLC on Superdex 75 was complied to isolate two trypsin inhibitors from Phaseolus vulgaris cv "White Cloud Bean". They were lacking in activity toward lymphoma MBL2 cells and inhibitory effect on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and fungal growth when tested up to 100 μM. The objective of the present study was to isolate and characterize proteins with protease inhibitory activity from white cloud beans. The present study disclosed the production of two trypsin inhibitors with closely related N-terminal sequences chromatographic behavior and bioactivities by the white cloud bean variety of Phaseolus vulgaris. White cloud bean trypsin inhibitors demonstrate antiproliferative activity against tumor cells but do no inhibit mycelial growth or HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. cache = ./cache/cord-277541-ieex2xwx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-277541-ieex2xwx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-339227-2i9q9c8u author = Djakpo, Odilon title = Rhus chinensis and Galla Chinensis – folklore to modern evidence: review date = 2010-11-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6205 sentences = 365 flesch = 49 summary = Pentagalloylglucose [1], 3-galloyl-gallic acid and 4-galloyl-gallic acid isomers isolated from Galla chinensis are reported to be the primary bioactive gallotannins, possessing numerous medicinal activities and health benefi ts Sakai et al., 1990; Bhimani et al., 1993; Feldman et al., 2001; . Two terpene compounds, moronic acid [8] and betulonic acid [9], were separated from Rhus chinensis and their subsequent anti-HSV activities were assessed in vitro and in vivo . (2004) screened 112 Chinese medicinal plants for antioxidant activity; the results showed that the aqueous extract of Galla chinensis contained the highest antioxidant concentration of 17674 μmol TEAC/100 g. (2003) tested the inhibitory effect of an aqueous extract from the gall of Rhus chinensis on α-glucosidase activity in in vitro and in vivo models. Anti-HIV-1 activities of extracts from the medicinal plant Rhus chinensis Anti-HIV-1 activities of compounds isolated from the medicinal plant Rhus chinensis cache = ./cache/cord-339227-2i9q9c8u.txt txt = ./txt/cord-339227-2i9q9c8u.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-270424-8yhsjbmi author = Kang, Dongwei title = First discovery of novel 3-hydroxy-quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones as specific anti-vaccinia and adenovirus agents via ‘privileged scaffold’ refining approach date = 2016-11-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1902 sentences = 101 flesch = 44 summary = 27 In this context, in view of the above fact and to discover completely new anti-vaccinia and adenovirus agents with a novel skeleton and unique mode of action, a relatively small library of 6-(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3-hydroxyquinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione compounds (the general formula in Scheme 1) was constructed via the copper(I)-catalyzed azidealkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction 28 and the biological significance of the novel synthesized quinazolines was highlighted by evaluating them in cell culturebased antiviral high-throughput screening (HTS) assays against a broad panel of DNA viruses, retroviruses and several RNA viruses. The newly synthesized 1,2,3-triazole-linked 3-hydroxy-quinazoline-2,4 (1H,3H)-diones were performed to evaluate against their antiviral activity against a broad panel of DNA virus, including Herpes simplex virus-1 (KOS), Herpes simplex virus-2 (G), Herpes simplex virus-1 TKKOS ACVr, vaccinia virus and Adeno virus-2 (evaluated in infected human embryonic lung fibroblast (HEL) cells). In conclusion, a series of novel 1,2,3-triazole-containing 3hydroxy-quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones has been synthesized using CuAAC reaction, and was firstly identified as potent and specific vaccinia and adenovirus inhibitors in vitro. cache = ./cache/cord-270424-8yhsjbmi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-270424-8yhsjbmi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-277802-f8pyn3rx author = Roman, Gheorghe title = Mannich bases in medicinal chemistry and drug design date = 2015-01-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 53972 sentences = 2237 flesch = 41 summary = Aminomethylated derivatives of hydroxycarbazoles have been also mentioned in a different study [60] , which described the synthesis of a small series of phenolic Mannich bases 47 (Fig. 8 ) obtained from 5-substituted 2-hydroxy-5H-benzo[b]carbazole-6,11-diones along with their in vitro anticancer evaluation at National Cancer Institute (NCI) using an in-house developed screening panel of approximately 60 cell lines derived from nine different types of cancer. Recently, Mannich bases 132 ( Fig. 24 ) obtained using Schiff bases derived from 5-fluoroisatin and 4-arylideneaminoanilines as substrates and ciprofloxacin as amine reagent were shown to be generally less potent antibacterials than reference drug ciprofloxacin, although some candidates had MIC values comparable to those of ciprofloxacin against the investigated bacteria [164] . Both types of Mannich bases 133l and 134l, featuring a 1,2,4-triazole moiety at position 5 of the triazolethione scaffold, showed good antibacterial activity, but compounds 134l were generally more potent than 133l, and two of candidates 134l actually had MIC values comparable to those of reference drug ciprofloxacin [177] . cache = ./cache/cord-277802-f8pyn3rx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-277802-f8pyn3rx.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-292286-ygomb3oi author = Zakaryan, Hovakim title = Flavonoids: promising natural compounds against viral infections date = 2017-05-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6064 sentences = 327 flesch = 37 summary = Flavonoids are widely distributed as secondary metabolites produced by plants and play important roles in plant physiology, having a variety of potential biological benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activity. The antiviral activity of flavones is known from the 1990s, when it was showed that the simultaneous application of apigenin with acyclovir resulted in an enhanced antiviral effect on herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) in cell culture [92] . Besides these DNA viruses, apigenin was found to exert antiviral effect against African swine fever virus (ASFV), by suppressing the viral protein synthesis and reducing the ASFV yield by 3 log [46]. Besides these viruses, EGCG has been found to exert antiviral activity against HCV by preventing the attachment of the virus to the cell surface and suppressing RNA replication steps [8, 15] . Antiviral activity of baicalin against influenza A (H1N1/ H3N2) virus in cell culture and in mice and its inhibition of neuraminidase cache = ./cache/cord-292286-ygomb3oi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-292286-ygomb3oi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-260674-a0ejus6m author = Chopra, Sakshi title = Impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviours- a cross-sectional audit of responses from nine hundred and ninety-five participants from India date = 2020-10-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4290 sentences = 196 flesch = 46 summary = CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 marginally improved the eating behaviour, yet one-third of participants gained weight as physical activity declined significantly coupled with an increase in screen and sitting time. A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted on the general population to assess the impact of COVID-19 on daily lifestyle-related practices such as dietary, activity and sleep pattern using a validated questionnaire. The electronic survey questionnaire was designed to assess changes in multiple lifestyle-related behaviors such as eating, physical activity, sleep and other health related behaviours during the COVID-19 outbreak. Part A (A1 to A24) assesses the baseline lifestylerelated behaviours and Part B (B1 to B24) evaluates changes in different lifestyle related behaviors such as eating habits, physical activity and sleep pattern during the pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-260674-a0ejus6m.txt txt = ./txt/cord-260674-a0ejus6m.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-278654-dxx6z2fj author = Wysocki, Jan title = Reduced plasma ACE2 activity in dialysis patients: another piece in the conundrum of factors involved in hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity? date = 2013-06-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1774 sentences = 98 flesch = 43 summary = the reduction in plasma ACE2 activity reported in ESRD patients treated by dialysis, particularly in female subjects, could limit Ang II degradation leading to increased levels of this peptide, which could contribute to the high prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity that afflicts the dialysis population When compared with historic samples from healthy subjects, however, all CKD groups examined, i.e. predialysis, transplant patients and even subjects on dialysis, seemed to have increased levels of plasma ACE2 activity. What the study shows, in our opinion, is that while plasma ACE2 activity tends to increase in CKD patients, perhaps as a compensatory mechanism to attenuate Ang II overactivity, at the time that ESRD is reached and dialysis initiated a relative deficiency in plasma ACE2 activity ensues. This abnormally expressed endothelial protein could be shed into the circulation and could be the source of increased plasma ACE2 activity in certain conditions such as myocardial infarction, kidney disease or diabetes. cache = ./cache/cord-278654-dxx6z2fj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-278654-dxx6z2fj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-328176-fck2ktxi author = Mahapatra, Manojkumar title = Methyl-2-arylidene hydrazinecarbodithioates: synthesis and biological activity date = 2013-02-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2398 sentences = 140 flesch = 46 summary = This study examined the cytostatic and antiviral activity of twelve methyl-2-arylidene hydrazinecarbodithioates reported by many researchers as intermediates for the synthesis of thiosemicarbazides and the preparation of their metal complexes. Compounds IIc, IIi, and IIl with tridentate ligand features were found to have the lowest IC(50) value (6.5 μM, ≈ 1 μM, and 0.8 μM, respectively) against HL60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells. Compound IIc and IIl show antiviral activity against wild-type herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and acyclovirresistant HSV; however, these activities were observed at concentrations at which the compounds also markedly inhibit HL60 and HEL cell proliferation. It is interesting to note that preferably compounds with tridentate ligand characteristics (IIl, IIi, and IIc) showed potent anti-proliferative activity against the HL60 cells (Table 3 ). The compounds investigated are known as intermediates in the synthesis of many thiosemicarbazones but their usefulness as medicinally active agents has not yet been studied. cache = ./cache/cord-328176-fck2ktxi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-328176-fck2ktxi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-303468-95btvr1v author = Verran, Joanna title = Biofilm Control Strategies: Engaging with the Public date = 2020-07-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3148 sentences = 145 flesch = 44 summary = This short communication describes three public engagement activities hosted by the authors, focused on biofilm control: hand hygiene, plaque control and an externally applied antimicrobial coating. Thus, as part of a PhD project investigating the activity of photocatalytic surfaces, one of the external walls of the University was used to illustrate the effectiveness of titanium dioxide paints in terms of self-cleaning and reduction of the formation of biofilm on the wall material. Our aim was to inform the passing public about our research (an interpretation panel was affixed to the wall), and on occasion, we encouraged passers-by to participate in a longitudinal subjective assessment of the impact of titanium dioxide-containing paint on the perceived cleanliness of the panel. cache = ./cache/cord-303468-95btvr1v.txt txt = ./txt/cord-303468-95btvr1v.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-252108-04xr5xdl author = Havrylyuk, Dmytro title = Synthesis and biological activity evaluation of 5-pyrazoline substituted 4-thiazolidinones date = 2013-06-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3454 sentences = 210 flesch = 52 summary = The screening of antitrypanosomal and antiviral activities of 5-(3-naphthalen-2-yl-5-aryl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)-thiazolidine-2,4-diones was carried out with the promising influence of the mentioned compounds on Trypanosoma brucei, but minimal effect on SARS coronavirus and influenza types A and B viruses. The most promising compound in series of aryl-4-oxothiazolylhydrazones was shown to be very active at non-cytotoxic concentrations in in vitro assays against Trypanosoma cruzi cell cultures and exhibited potency comparable with the reference compounds (IC 50 (Y strain) ¼ 0.3 mM) [9] . Aiming at the detailed elaboration of SAR, especially the influence of the linking group of thiazolidinoneepyrazoline conjugates on the anticancer activity, 5-[2-(3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)-2oxoethylidene]-thiazolidine-2,4-diones (4ae4f) were synthesized by the method, described previously [29] . The cytotoxic and/or growth inhibitory effects of the most active selected compounds were tested in vitro against the full panel of human tumor cell lines at concentrations ranging from 10 À4 to 10 À8 M. cache = ./cache/cord-252108-04xr5xdl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-252108-04xr5xdl.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-285856-0sw3wt1i author = Naesens, Lieve title = Anti-influenza virus activity and structure–activity relationship of aglycoristocetin derivatives with cyclobutenedione carrying hydrophobic chains date = 2009-02-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2963 sentences = 149 flesch = 38 summary = We here report on the chemical synthesis, anti-influenza virus activity and structure-activity relationship of novel glycopeptide compounds carrying a hydrophobic side chain on an aglycoristocetin backbone ( Fig. 1) . b HPLC conditions: instrument: Waters 600 with UV230nm detection; column: Lichrospher RP-8 (4 mm × 250 mm; 10 m); injection volume: 20 l (corresponding to 2 g compound); solvents: Table 2 , several asymmetric squaric diamides derived from aglycoristocetin exerted marked activity against influenza virus, the most potent compounds being the phenylbenzyl derivative 8e [average antiviral EC 50 : 0.4 M; selectivity index (SI), defined as the ratio of MCC to EC 50 : 50]; the hexanol deriva-tive 8a (EC 50 : 1 M; SI: 14) and the naphthyl derivative 8f (EC 50 : 1.4 M; SI: 10). With regard to the antiviral mode of action, time-of-addition studies suggested that 8e blocks the viral entry process, since optimal anti-influenza virus activity was obtained when the compound was added to MDCK cells 30 min prior to or simultaneously with virus infection. cache = ./cache/cord-285856-0sw3wt1i.txt txt = ./txt/cord-285856-0sw3wt1i.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-336578-5qzpd890 author = Sethiya, Jigar P. title = MmpL3 Inhibition: A New Approach to Treat Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections date = 2020-08-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 13604 sentences = 823 flesch = 49 summary = The increasing incidence, limited efficacy of current treatment options, and significant risk of drug-resistance in NTM infections suggest an urgent need for new antimycobacterial agents. Even though mycolic acids are found in all mycobacterial pathogens and provide similar cellular protection, structural integrity, and virulence, The increasing incidence, limited efficacy of current treatment options, and significant risk of drug-resistance in NTM infections suggest an urgent need for new antimycobacterial agents. Recently developed compounds targeting the MmpL3 transporter, a new and promiscuous target recognizing many structurally unique chemotypes, have proven to be effective in both TB and NTM infections. From the second series, the compound with the highest potency contained a cyclooctyl ring and 4,6-dimethyl indole (1, Table 1 ), having an activity ranging from 0.0039 to 0.6 µg/mL against RGM. From the second series, the compound with the highest potency contained a cyclooctyl ring and 4,6-dimethyl indole (1, Table 1 ), having an activity ranging from 0.0039 to 0.6 µg/mL against RGM. cache = ./cache/cord-336578-5qzpd890.txt txt = ./txt/cord-336578-5qzpd890.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-017504-rtg7fs82 author = Lim, T. K. title = Punica granatum date = 2012-11-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 31236 sentences = 1613 flesch = 46 summary = The results suggested that the aril juice the major and tasty part of pomegranate fruit, did not contain ellagic acid and punicalagin (i.e. the polyphenols highly represented in the rind which appeared to be responsible for the antioxidant capacity) in amounts suf fi cient to exert cytoprotection in oxidatively injured, living cells. After consumption of pomegranate juice, fruit peel, aril and fl ower extracts the atherosclerotic lesion area in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein e-de fi cient (E 0) mice was signi fi cantly decreased by 44, 38, 39, 6, or 70%, respectively, as compared to placebo-treated group, while pomegranate seed oil had no effect. Further in-vitro studies showed that Punica granatum fl ower extract and its components oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, and gallic acid inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-kappaB activation in macrophages. In-vitro studies using normal human epidermal keratinocytes, showed that pre-treatment with pomegranate fruit extract rich in anthocyannins and hydrolyzable tannins protected against the adverse effects of UV-B radiation by inhibiting UV-B-induced modulations of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways (Afaq et al. cache = ./cache/cord-017504-rtg7fs82.txt txt = ./txt/cord-017504-rtg7fs82.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-336165-if8uxqha author = Remoaldo, Paula title = Profiling the participants in creative tourism activities: Case studies from small and medium sized cities and rural areas from Continental Portugal date = 2020-09-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8799 sentences = 442 flesch = 43 summary = The definition most used by the experts in this area is the one elaborated by Richards and Raymond (2000) , who define creative tourism as offering tourists the opportunity to develop their creative potential through active participation in courses and learning experiences that are the characteristics of the destination in which they are carried out. Tourism Management Perspectives 36 (2020) 100746 In the early 2000s, Raymond (2003) , based on a case study in New Zealand (Table 1) , presented a proposal to segment and profile creative tourism seekers based on general demographic profiles, proposing three groups: baby-boomers and retired, tourists under 30 (e.g., students and backpackers) and New Zealanders who are interested in learning more about different aspects of the culture of their country. The research presented here segmented the tourists based on their motivation to participate in creative tourism activities and analysed the resulting profiles. cache = ./cache/cord-336165-if8uxqha.txt txt = ./txt/cord-336165-if8uxqha.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-293867-c4wnr5xe author = Gürsoy, Elif title = Design and synthesis of novel Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives as potent antiviral and antimycobacterial agents date = 2019-12-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2974 sentences = 156 flesch = 50 summary = Besides the wide biological activity spectrum of imidazo[2,1-b] thiazole derivatives, also the compounds bearing hydrazide, acyl-hydrazone and spirothiazolidinone moiety, have been reported in the literature with their various effects such as antibacterial [21] , antifungal [22] , antitubercular [23] , antiviral [24] , anticonvulsant [25] and antidepressant [26] . In this study, we further explored the scaffold containing the imidazo [2,1-b] thiazole ring as the aromatic moiety, that is linked by an amide to a spirothiazolidinone ring system as the aliphatic cyclic moiety and from this point forward, novel derivatives were synthesized (Table 1) , and broadly evaluated for their antiviral and antimycobacterial activity (Fig. 2) . General procedure for the synthesis of 6-(4-bromophenyl)-N 2 -(substituted/non-substituted cycloalkylidene)imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-3-acetohydrazides (4a-d) 0,005 mol of 3 was boiled in a water bath under reflux with 30 mL of ethanol until a clear solution was obtained. cache = ./cache/cord-293867-c4wnr5xe.txt txt = ./txt/cord-293867-c4wnr5xe.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-270892-ycc3csyh author = Rollinger, Judith M. title = The human rhinovirus: human‐pathological impact, mechanisms of antirhinoviral agents, and strategies for their discovery date = 2010-12-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 19628 sentences = 1166 flesch = 41 summary = [79] [80] [81] [82] Taken together, the results of natural cold studies as well as of experimental infection in human volunteers clearly demonstrate that HRV are able to replicate in the upper as well as in the lower airways. Such an anti-HRV drug would have to be (i) with broad spectrum activity because of the high number of HRV serotypes, (ii) administered very early in infection to demonstrate a good antiviral effect because of the fast infection kinetics, (iii) very safe because of the broad application by millions of people, and (iv) directed against a highly conserved target with low risk of resistance development. The HRV-induced CPE, infectious virus titers, viral protein expression, and RNA synthesis can be chosen as parameters to evaluate the anti-HRV activity of compounds in cell-culture based assays. Due to the lack of a small-animal model for HRV infection until 2008, the experimental human challenge model has to be used to approve effects of potential antiviral drugs under controlled conditions in preclinical studies. cache = ./cache/cord-270892-ycc3csyh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-270892-ycc3csyh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-346060-ns6v76rb author = degli Espinosa, Francesca title = A Model of Support for Families of Children With Autism Living in the COVID-19 Lockdown: Lessons From Italy date = 2020-06-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6478 sentences = 260 flesch = 49 summary = After the first 2 weeks of lockdown with limited structure and free reinforcement access, in some of our first cohort families we observed the following during our online meetings: high levels of escape from simple instructions, the loss of independence and communication skills (appropriate mands), satiation (significant reduction in the time children spent with favorite items), an increase in problematic interactions between parents and all children, and unmanageable levels of mands for attention (both appropriate and inappropriate). Although, in general, the daily structure centered on adult-led or shared activities alternated with periods of solitary reinforcement, all parents learned to interact with their children and siblings in a way that worked for them and maintained low rates of problem behavior. We wished to create a mutually reinforcing situation for both the adults and the children, where parents could experience success in delivering instructions and interacting with their child, given that they would need to engage in this behavior daily in a confined space, over extended periods of time without a break. cache = ./cache/cord-346060-ns6v76rb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-346060-ns6v76rb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-352668-qjlqsb2k author = Cabello, Francisco title = Consensus on Recommendations for Safe Sexual Activity during the COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic date = 2020-07-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4834 sentences = 232 flesch = 43 summary = Sexual activity offers numerous advantages for physical and mental health but maintains inherent risks in a pandemic situation, such as the current one caused by SARS-CoV-2. A group of experts from the Spanish Association of Sexuality and Mental Health (AESexSAME) has reached a consensus on recommendations to maintain lower-risk sexual activity, depending on one's clinical and partner situations, based on the current knowledge of SARS-CoV-2. In all other cases (for those under quarantine, those with some clinical symptoms, health professionals in contact with COVID-19 patients, and during pregnancy), abstaining from coital/oral/anal sex, substituting it with masturbatory or virtual sexual activity to provide maximum protection from the contagion, and increasing the benefits inherent to sexual activity are recommended. Due to the ease of contagion and the lack of information about the possible transmission of SARS-CoV-2, a group of experts from the Spanish Association for Sexuality and Mental Health, covering the fields of sexology, psychiatry, psychology and medicine reached a consensus. cache = ./cache/cord-352668-qjlqsb2k.txt txt = ./txt/cord-352668-qjlqsb2k.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-342634-4ouhdjsr author = Semrad, Katharina title = Proteins with RNA Chaperone Activity: A World of Diverse Proteins with a Common Task—Impediment of RNA Misfolding date = 2010-12-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7141 sentences = 399 flesch = 52 summary = In brief, the group of proteins with RNA chaperone activity includes proteins that, first, open up misfolded structures without requirement of ATP and that, second, are dispensable once the RNA has been folded. coli showed that 1/3 of the tested proteins possesses strong RNA chaperone activity in vitro in the trans-splicing assay [21] . E. coli contains nine members of the csp family and CspA, the major cold-shock protein and CspE were identified to interact non-specifically with RNA molecules and to possess nucleic acid melting activities [44] [45] [46] . Later, a detailed study on possible functions of Ro RNPs, which are Ro ribonucleoprotein complexes, composed of a small noncoding cytoplasmic RNA, termed Y RNA and its protein partners was conducted: besides the permanently associated proteins Ro60 and La, subpopulations of Ro-RNPs also contain hnRNP I and hnRNP K, both of which exhibited strong RNA chaperone activity in vitro in the transsplicing and the cis-splicing assay [22] . cache = ./cache/cord-342634-4ouhdjsr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-342634-4ouhdjsr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022940-atbjwpo5 author = nan title = Poster Sessions date = 2016-09-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 241182 sentences = 12746 flesch = 47 summary = We have studied the effect of inhibition of IRE1 (inositol requiring enzyme 1), which is a central mediator of endoplasmic reticulum stress and controls cell proliferation and tumor growth, on hypoxic regulation of the expression of different proliferation related genes in U87 glioma cells. Transient inhibition of Akt and mTOR protein kinase activation in tumor cells followed by reactivation of signaling pathway did not result in a time-dependent difference on EGFR, HER2 and HER3 expression levels. In our study we aimed to determine cytotoxic effect of RES in K562 human CML cell line and to evaluate the expressions of miRNAs that are associated with genetics of leukemia after treatment with RES; to investigate target genes of miRNAs which show significant expression alterations and molecular mechanisms of RES treatment. cache = ./cache/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-339716-1khdh9nf author = Munasinghe, Sithum title = The Impact of Physical Distancing Policies During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health and Well-Being Among Australian Adolescents date = 2020-10-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4637 sentences = 205 flesch = 48 summary = RESULTS: After the implementation of physical distancing measures in NSW, there were significant decreases in physical activity (odds ratio [OR] = .53, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .34–.83), increases in social media and Internet use (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.15–3.00), and increased screen time based on participants' smartphone screen state. Comparisons of participant characteristics between (1) those who completed baseline and follow-up, (2) those who completed EMAs pre-and post-implementation of the physical distancing policy, and (3) those who provided or did not provide sensor are provided in Supplementary Tables 1 and 2 Descriptive plots of trajectories of physical activity were examined over the 22-week follow period, based on daily pedometer data, MBAR, and weekly self-report EMAs. Trajectories of self-reported fruit, vegetable, and fast food consumption were also examined based on weekly EMAs, as were trajectories of psychological well-being based on distress, well-being, and sleep duration. cache = ./cache/cord-339716-1khdh9nf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-339716-1khdh9nf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-340879-gu91cact author = Li, Miao title = Isolation and Characterization of a Phaseolus vulgaris Trypsin Inhibitor with Antiproliferative Activity on Leukemia and Lymphoma Cells date = 2017-01-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4150 sentences = 228 flesch = 48 summary = title: Isolation and Characterization of a Phaseolus vulgaris Trypsin Inhibitor with Antiproliferative Activity on Leukemia and Lymphoma Cells The intent of the present study was to isolate a trypsin inhibitor from the gold bean and to test it for inhibitory action on tumor cells, viral enzymes, and fungal growth. Gold bean trypsin inhibitor is also devoid of any inhibitory effect on HIV-1 integrase and SARS coronavirus proteinase. Gold bean trypsin inhibitor is also devoid of any inhibitory effect on HIV-1 integrase and SARS coronavirus proteinase. A lectin, an antifungal protein and a trypsin inhibitor can be isolated from the gold bean [24, 25] . A homodimeric sporamin-type trypsin inhibitor with antiproliferative, hiv reverse transcriptase-inhibitory and antifungal activities from wampee (clausena lansium) seeds The isolation of two proteins, glycoprotein i and a trypsin inhibitor, from the seeds of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cache = ./cache/cord-340879-gu91cact.txt txt = ./txt/cord-340879-gu91cact.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-354044-3ugc7odq author = Salazar-Gómez, Anuar title = The potential role of sesquiterpene lactones isolated from medicinal plants in the treatment of the metabolic syndrome – A review date = 2020-09-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9388 sentences = 520 flesch = 42 summary = Therefore, in order to provide relevant information regarding the potential benefits of SLns in preventing Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin I-converting enzyme; AMPK, activated protein kinase; APOC3, apolipoprotein C3; AT, adipose tissue; CAT, catalase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase 2; CVD, cardiovascular disease; FFA, free fatty acids; FN, fibronectin; G6Pase, glucose-6-phosphatase; GK, glucokinase; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; GSH, reduced glutathione; HDL-C, high-density lipoproteins-cholesterol; IFN-g, interferon gamma; IL-1b, interleukin 1 beta; IL-6, interleukin 6; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; IR, insulin resistance; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinases; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinases; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; MetS, metabolic syndrome; NF-kB, nuclear factor kappa B; NO, nitric oxide; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SLns, sesquiterpene lactones; SOD, superoxide dismutase; STAT1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1; STZ, streptozotocin; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; TGF-b1, transforming growth factor beta; TLRs, Toll-like receptor; TNF-a, tumor necrosis factor alpha; VLDL, very-low-density lipoprotein and managing MetS, this review addresses plant-derived SLns that are potentially responsible for the positive effect in improving risk factors associated with MetS. cache = ./cache/cord-354044-3ugc7odq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-354044-3ugc7odq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338727-1kodz527 author = Ilinskaya, O. N. title = Ribonucleases as antiviral agents date = 2014-10-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4605 sentences = 227 flesch = 44 summary = Many ribonucleases (RNases) are able to inhibit the reproduction of viruses in infected cell cultures and laboratory animals, but the molecular mechanisms of their antiviral activity remain unclear. Therefore, the formation of RNA fragments enhanced by RNase L, followed by their interaction with RIG I and MDA5, activates transcription factor NF κB and triggers transcription of interferon β gene, which prevents virus replication and stimulates the growth of immune system cells [9] . Previously, onconase, an RNases from oocytes of the leopard frog Rana pipiens, efficiently suppresses the replication of HIV 1 due to the selective degrada tion of viral RNA, which exhibits no pronounced cytotoxic effect on infected human cells [22] . At the first stage, when binase meets the virus outside cell, its catalytic activity is not inhibited by the natural RNase and it may destroy viral RNA (Fig. 3, C) . Ribonucleases in HIV type 1 inhibition: Effect of recombinant RNases on infection of primary T cells and immune activation induced RNase gene and protein expression cache = ./cache/cord-338727-1kodz527.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338727-1kodz527.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-351932-dn60t7qa author = Salehi, Bahare title = Dioscorea Plants: A Genus Rich in Vital Nutra-pharmaceuticals-A Review date = 2019 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9680 sentences = 512 flesch = 38 summary = As reported by Jesus et al., 2016 , diosgenin (3-β-hydroxy-5spirostene) is the primary furostanol saponin found in several plants, including Dioscorea species, and is described as a promising bioactive compound with several medicinal properties, i.e. hypolipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycaemic, and antiproliferative activities (5) . A new furostanol glycoside namely 26-O-β -D-glucopyranosyl-3β,26-dihydroxy-20,22-seco-25(R)-furost-5en-20,22-dione-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[ α -L -r h a m n o p y r a n o s y l -( 1 → 2 ) ] -β -Dglucopyranoside was isolated from the methanolic extract of the rhizome of Dioscorea cayenensis growing in Cameroon, together with the known spirostanol saponins described as methyl protodioscin, asperoside and prosapogenin A of dioscin (12) . Concerning the phytochemical profile, twelve cyclic diarylheptanoids were isolated from the rhizomes of Dioscorea nipponica (20) , among which two new cyclic diarylheptanoids, diosniponol A and B; moreover, as reported by the same authors, these compounds were evaluated for their effects on nitric oxide production without cell toxicity in lipopolysaccharide-activated BV-2 cells. cache = ./cache/cord-351932-dn60t7qa.txt txt = ./txt/cord-351932-dn60t7qa.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-356062-7q5n4t97 author = nan title = Cumulative pharmacological activity index volumes 1-30 date = 2005-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6346 sentences = 501 flesch = 44 summary = cache = ./cache/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt txt = ./txt/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344902-bittqpyo author = Scott, Jennifer title = A systematic review of the physical activity levels of acutely ill older adults in Hospital At Home settings: an under-researched field date = 2020-10-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4905 sentences = 224 flesch = 41 summary = title: A systematic review of the physical activity levels of acutely ill older adults in Hospital At Home settings: an under-researched field PURPOSE: The purpose of this review was to identify, evaluate and synthesise existing evidence reporting the physical activity levels of acutely ill older patients in a 'Hospital At Home' setting and compare this to patients with similar characteristics treated in a traditional hospital inpatient setting. CONCLUSION: There is a lack of published research on the physical activity levels of acutely-ill older adults in Hospital at Home settings. The aim of this review was to identify, evaluate and synthesise the evidence on the physical activity levels of acutely ill older patients undergoing treatment in an HaH vs inpatient setting. This review has provided an indication of the baseline activity levels of inpatients suitable for a Hospital at Home service, however primary objective research is needed in this treatment setting. cache = ./cache/cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-345695-5vi9wibk author = Hicks, Lorin L. title = A statistical approach to white-nose syndrome surveillance monitoring using acoustic data date = 2020-10-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5489 sentences = 262 flesch = 48 summary = From these data, we developed site-specific prediction models for bat activity to account for seasonal and annual temperature variation prior to known occurrence of WNS. We propose this model-based method for future monitoring efforts that could be used to trigger targeted sampling of individual bats or hibernacula for WNS, in areas where traditional disease surveillance approaches are logistically difficult to implement or because of human-wildlife transmission concerns from COVID-19. We predicted that bat populations in the western U.S. would have low levels of activity during winter months, high levels of activity during the summer, and that acoustic monitoring could be used as an effective approach for disease surveillance in remote areas of the Intermountain West. The model was fit to data from all 41 sites to estimate among-site and among-year variation in activity, but we use the results to generate prediction intervals for four forest sites to depict how a landowner might implement this approach for WNS surveillance monitoring. cache = ./cache/cord-345695-5vi9wibk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-345695-5vi9wibk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-257167-rz4r5sj7 author = nan title = Abstracts for the 29th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuroscience2006) date = 2006-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 240925 sentences = 13617 flesch = 47 summary = SY1-3-11-3 SAD: A novel kinase implicated in phosphoproteome at the presynaptic active zone Toshihisa Ohtsuka Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine/Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan SAD is a serine/threonine kianse, which has been shown to regulate various neuronal functions during development, including clustering synaptic vesicles, maturation of synapses, and axon/dendrite polarization: these have recently been revealed by genetic studies in C. The results suggest that EAAT4 plays a major role in regulating the concentration of CF transmitters, possibly glutamate, in the route of its extrasynaptic diffusion, and determining the degree of CF-induced inhibition of GABA release from BCs depending on the regional difference of EAAT4 expression in postsynaptic PCs. Chitoshi Takayama 1 , Yoshiro Inoue 1 1 Department of Molecular Neuroanatomy, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan GABA mediates inhibitory transmission in the adult central nervous system (CNS). cache = ./cache/cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-352844-wggg3ynb author = Annunziata, Francesca title = An Overview of Coumarin as a Versatile and Readily Accessible Scaffold with Broad-Ranging Biological Activities date = 2020-06-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 50752 sentences = 2326 flesch = 42 summary = Again, the coumarin derivative showed inhibitory activity on 15-LOX-1 in PC3 and DU145 cell lines, thus inducing apoptosis of the cancer cell, with the same mechanism of The results represent a good starting point for the design of novel derivatives, because most of the examined compounds exhibited selective toxicity on HeLa cells (IC 50 values between 136.4 ± 1.90 µM and 172.2 ± 1.80 µM after 24 h), whereas no negative effects on HDF normal cell's growth was detected. Since tacrine is a well-known inhibitor of the catalytic site of AChE, whereas coumarins showed affinity for the peripheral anionic site (PAS) [161] , this new compounds may be potential dual-and therefore more powerful -inhibitors of ChEs. The in vitro AChE and BuChE inhibitory activity was evaluated using the Ellman's method [159] ; among all the tested molecules, compound 105 resulted the best in AChE inhibition (IC 50 Thanks to their simple structural architecture and chemical stability, coumarins can be easily synthesized and modified in order to produce more active and selective compounds. cache = ./cache/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353815-w35spqqt author = Huan, Yuchen title = Antimicrobial Peptides: Classification, Design, Application and Research Progress in Multiple Fields date = 2020-10-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12266 sentences = 623 flesch = 38 summary = This review introduces the progress of research on AMPs comprehensively and systematically, including their classification, mechanism of action, design methods, environmental factors affecting their activity, application status, prospects in various fields and problems to be solved. Tryptophan (Trp), as a non-polar amino acid, has a remarkable effect on the interface region of the lipid bilayer, whereas Arg, as a basic amino acid, confers peptide charge and hydrogen bond interactions, which are essential properties to combine with the bacterial membrane's abundant anionic component. And it seems that Trp residues play the role of natural aromatic activators of Arg-rich AMPs by ion-pair-π interactions (Walrant et al., 2020) , thereby promoting enhanced peptide-membrane interactions (Chan et al., 2006) . Furthermore, L4H4, which is designed based on the linear cationic amphiphilic peptide magainin, also shows good antibacterial activity and cell penetration properties by inserting four histidine sequences in leucine and alanine (Lointier et al., 2020) . cache = ./cache/cord-353815-w35spqqt.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353815-w35spqqt.txt ===== Reducing email addresses cord-022955-vy0qgtll cord-274101-vm9nh8lc cord-020010-q58x6xb0 cord-008777-i2reanan cord-328176-fck2ktxi cord-001835-0s7ok4uw Creating transaction Updating adr table ===== Reducing keywords cord-023208-w99gc5nx cord-027713-8ohchx8p cord-007682-01iom9al cord-012623-bc9fj29h cord-006860-a3b8hyyr cord-267284-3uz0v29k cord-008777-i2reanan cord-281597-x53ni6q1 cord-328834-yetnlb2j cord-022955-vy0qgtll cord-016575-bn15006x cord-027712-2o4svbms cord-011038-5t8az1hf cord-307983-gjdza9bh cord-023209-un2ysc2v cord-303879-3hug5hj3 cord-024652-4i6kktl0 cord-283301-adjjkqt2 cord-270037-tq82srhn cord-260674-a0ejus6m cord-258239-7xyqlz0u cord-004879-pgyzluwp cord-007084-4niom5mw cord-001835-0s7ok4uw cord-261170-arnwk287 cord-257749-eyhsc8q8 cord-022779-himray6q cord-006230-xta38e7j cord-021897-yeih3tfo cord-017131-rx1z4orm cord-292286-ygomb3oi cord-023225-5quigar4 cord-265764-h4zg0q8x cord-295335-oa4twg2z cord-013176-6ckuya1w cord-281137-j81fgnld cord-274101-vm9nh8lc cord-016362-d3cpy37g cord-253276-mqcwk2ow cord-000445-2x7dfl1q cord-277541-ieex2xwx cord-272943-q09i8fqu cord-270424-8yhsjbmi cord-304375-l5gvpat3 cord-102632-yazl9usb cord-291559-h6czy5bh cord-324335-eoabmyg7 cord-257494-242k58ll cord-321985-w84wwkgi cord-277077-kwaiorp8 cord-000884-zq8kqf6h cord-287348-00yaxpkp cord-299007-5m6lk409 cord-318528-yc0jw3s1 cord-256992-rwy0n01l cord-269943-g77qe5ml cord-005337-3f6pwyy3 cord-293974-jcpkla55 cord-021419-nypnib0h cord-004948-ad3i9wgj cord-277802-f8pyn3rx cord-327521-g5vefajw cord-303468-95btvr1v cord-016089-h122of8q cord-324217-secnz2ta cord-280795-wtrt13ij cord-278513-ajfpghze cord-034066-fsp7e5x5 cord-339716-1khdh9nf cord-300522-okbupw61 cord-286136-gm6w590s cord-017504-rtg7fs82 cord-320693-de1lmzl1 cord-330660-tx20im6w cord-354044-3ugc7odq cord-296769-xnjmk4pm cord-315918-12rbbe8c cord-270602-599vweqe cord-342634-4ouhdjsr cord-303646-uxewsyli cord-300872-blycbi4u cord-278654-dxx6z2fj cord-336578-5qzpd890 cord-318854-xaus3bma cord-271068-rwx171oj cord-252108-04xr5xdl cord-352844-wggg3ynb cord-294897-29diwyoe cord-346060-ns6v76rb cord-262950-zv6qerhg cord-352668-qjlqsb2k cord-020010-q58x6xb0 cord-340879-gu91cact cord-274506-fzcuu4ma cord-328176-fck2ktxi cord-293867-c4wnr5xe cord-285856-0sw3wt1i cord-351932-dn60t7qa cord-356062-7q5n4t97 cord-276166-b1e0bbrp cord-338727-1kodz527 cord-309052-3h0g7s9v cord-270892-ycc3csyh cord-345695-5vi9wibk cord-257167-rz4r5sj7 cord-339227-2i9q9c8u cord-344902-bittqpyo cord-353815-w35spqqt cord-295543-nj4a640t cord-022940-atbjwpo5 cord-336165-if8uxqha cord-286303-wo6356vq Creating transaction Updating wrd table ===== Reducing urls cord-281137-j81fgnld cord-102632-yazl9usb cord-012623-bc9fj29h cord-006230-xta38e7j cord-004948-ad3i9wgj cord-252108-04xr5xdl cord-281597-x53ni6q1 cord-258239-7xyqlz0u cord-008777-i2reanan cord-001835-0s7ok4uw cord-303468-95btvr1v cord-265764-h4zg0q8x cord-321985-w84wwkgi cord-293974-jcpkla55 cord-280795-wtrt13ij cord-262950-zv6qerhg cord-274506-fzcuu4ma cord-283301-adjjkqt2 cord-342634-4ouhdjsr cord-271068-rwx171oj cord-276166-b1e0bbrp cord-336165-if8uxqha cord-339716-1khdh9nf cord-022940-atbjwpo5 cord-344902-bittqpyo cord-353815-w35spqqt cord-286303-wo6356vq cord-257167-rz4r5sj7 Creating transaction Updating url table ===== Reducing named entities cord-016089-h122of8q cord-016362-d3cpy37g cord-012623-bc9fj29h cord-013176-6ckuya1w cord-027712-2o4svbms cord-000445-2x7dfl1q cord-260674-a0ejus6m cord-000884-zq8kqf6h cord-257749-eyhsc8q8 cord-005337-3f6pwyy3 cord-328834-yetnlb2j cord-256992-rwy0n01l cord-034066-fsp7e5x5 cord-277541-ieex2xwx cord-318528-yc0jw3s1 cord-269943-g77qe5ml cord-024652-4i6kktl0 cord-258239-7xyqlz0u cord-022955-vy0qgtll cord-011038-5t8az1hf cord-004879-pgyzluwp cord-261170-arnwk287 cord-017131-rx1z4orm cord-281597-x53ni6q1 cord-006860-a3b8hyyr cord-277802-f8pyn3rx cord-287348-00yaxpkp cord-022779-himray6q cord-004948-ad3i9wgj cord-278513-ajfpghze cord-016575-bn15006x cord-281137-j81fgnld cord-027713-8ohchx8p cord-272943-q09i8fqu cord-318854-xaus3bma cord-008777-i2reanan cord-021897-yeih3tfo cord-321985-w84wwkgi cord-354044-3ugc7odq cord-276166-b1e0bbrp cord-270037-tq82srhn cord-021419-nypnib0h cord-338727-1kodz527 cord-292286-ygomb3oi cord-307983-gjdza9bh cord-102632-yazl9usb cord-262950-zv6qerhg cord-274101-vm9nh8lc cord-294897-29diwyoe cord-356062-7q5n4t97 cord-315918-12rbbe8c cord-023225-5quigar4 cord-339716-1khdh9nf cord-300522-okbupw61 cord-345695-5vi9wibk cord-270602-599vweqe cord-340879-gu91cact cord-296769-xnjmk4pm cord-324217-secnz2ta cord-295543-nj4a640t cord-304375-l5gvpat3 cord-339227-2i9q9c8u cord-252108-04xr5xdl cord-320693-de1lmzl1 cord-291559-h6czy5bh cord-270892-ycc3csyh cord-007084-4niom5mw cord-330660-tx20im6w cord-336578-5qzpd890 cord-257494-242k58ll cord-280795-wtrt13ij cord-293974-jcpkla55 cord-299007-5m6lk409 cord-007682-01iom9al cord-265764-h4zg0q8x cord-293867-c4wnr5xe cord-295335-oa4twg2z cord-253276-mqcwk2ow cord-023208-w99gc5nx cord-001835-0s7ok4uw cord-300872-blycbi4u cord-006230-xta38e7j cord-274506-fzcuu4ma cord-271068-rwx171oj cord-020010-q58x6xb0 cord-328176-fck2ktxi cord-336165-if8uxqha cord-324335-eoabmyg7 cord-017504-rtg7fs82 cord-286136-gm6w590s cord-286303-wo6356vq cord-309052-3h0g7s9v cord-303646-uxewsyli cord-283301-adjjkqt2 cord-346060-ns6v76rb cord-303879-3hug5hj3 cord-342634-4ouhdjsr cord-353815-w35spqqt cord-277077-kwaiorp8 cord-303468-95btvr1v cord-352668-qjlqsb2k cord-267284-3uz0v29k cord-285856-0sw3wt1i cord-351932-dn60t7qa cord-270424-8yhsjbmi cord-278654-dxx6z2fj cord-327521-g5vefajw cord-344902-bittqpyo cord-023209-un2ysc2v cord-352844-wggg3ynb cord-257167-rz4r5sj7 cord-022940-atbjwpo5 Creating transaction Updating ent table ===== Reducing parts of speech cord-281137-j81fgnld cord-013176-6ckuya1w cord-011038-5t8az1hf cord-005337-3f6pwyy3 cord-102632-yazl9usb cord-269943-g77qe5ml cord-257749-eyhsc8q8 cord-256992-rwy0n01l cord-318854-xaus3bma cord-000884-zq8kqf6h cord-024652-4i6kktl0 cord-012623-bc9fj29h cord-016362-d3cpy37g cord-034066-fsp7e5x5 cord-016089-h122of8q cord-278654-dxx6z2fj cord-309052-3h0g7s9v cord-000445-2x7dfl1q cord-321985-w84wwkgi cord-307983-gjdza9bh cord-270424-8yhsjbmi cord-286303-wo6356vq cord-021897-yeih3tfo cord-267284-3uz0v29k cord-318528-yc0jw3s1 cord-007682-01iom9al cord-017504-rtg7fs82 cord-027712-2o4svbms cord-277077-kwaiorp8 cord-007084-4niom5mw cord-258239-7xyqlz0u cord-324217-secnz2ta cord-281597-x53ni6q1 cord-274506-fzcuu4ma cord-274101-vm9nh8lc cord-023208-w99gc5nx cord-027713-8ohchx8p cord-304375-l5gvpat3 cord-004948-ad3i9wgj cord-021419-nypnib0h cord-265764-h4zg0q8x cord-300522-okbupw61 cord-271068-rwx171oj cord-320693-de1lmzl1 cord-270602-599vweqe cord-295543-nj4a640t cord-253276-mqcwk2ow cord-022779-himray6q cord-252108-04xr5xdl cord-261170-arnwk287 cord-004879-pgyzluwp cord-260674-a0ejus6m cord-272943-q09i8fqu cord-277802-f8pyn3rx cord-022955-vy0qgtll cord-280795-wtrt13ij cord-293974-jcpkla55 cord-296769-xnjmk4pm cord-278513-ajfpghze cord-300872-blycbi4u cord-330660-tx20im6w cord-336165-if8uxqha cord-293867-c4wnr5xe cord-270037-tq82srhn cord-315918-12rbbe8c cord-342634-4ouhdjsr cord-262950-zv6qerhg cord-303879-3hug5hj3 cord-354044-3ugc7odq cord-303468-95btvr1v cord-283301-adjjkqt2 cord-270892-ycc3csyh cord-017131-rx1z4orm cord-295335-oa4twg2z cord-328176-fck2ktxi cord-345695-5vi9wibk cord-338727-1kodz527 cord-339227-2i9q9c8u cord-303646-uxewsyli cord-340879-gu91cact cord-023225-5quigar4 cord-344902-bittqpyo cord-336578-5qzpd890 cord-346060-ns6v76rb cord-324335-eoabmyg7 cord-016575-bn15006x cord-286136-gm6w590s cord-292286-ygomb3oi cord-294897-29diwyoe cord-328834-yetnlb2j cord-327521-g5vefajw cord-299007-5m6lk409 cord-006860-a3b8hyyr cord-353815-w35spqqt cord-277541-ieex2xwx cord-285856-0sw3wt1i cord-276166-b1e0bbrp cord-356062-7q5n4t97 cord-351932-dn60t7qa cord-339716-1khdh9nf cord-257494-242k58ll cord-291559-h6czy5bh cord-352668-qjlqsb2k cord-287348-00yaxpkp cord-001835-0s7ok4uw cord-020010-q58x6xb0 cord-352844-wggg3ynb cord-008777-i2reanan cord-023209-un2ysc2v cord-006230-xta38e7j cord-022940-atbjwpo5 cord-257167-rz4r5sj7 Creating transaction Updating pos table Building ./etc/reader.txt cord-022940-atbjwpo5 cord-257167-rz4r5sj7 cord-277802-f8pyn3rx cord-023209-un2ysc2v cord-004948-ad3i9wgj cord-023208-w99gc5nx number of items: 112 sum of words: 2,191,466 average size in words: 21,914 average readability score: 45 nouns: activity; cells; protein; cell; study; results; compounds; proteins; acid; effects; peptides; expression; effect; studies; peptide; group; treatment; structure; patients; levels; activities; system; analysis; virus; inhibition; synthesis; role; receptor; mice; cancer; gene; time; type; enzyme; data; membrane; properties; production; development; neurons; control; drug; growth; derivatives; model; inhibitors; method; amino; dna; formation verbs: used; showed; increased; induces; find; based; binding; suggest; compared; containing; including; inhibit; investigated; reported; obtain; determine; reducing; done; observed; involves; identified; developed; known; indicating; studied; isolated; demonstrating; cause; expressed; produce; followed; revealed; lead; performed; resulting; provided; decrease; synthesize; evaluated; associated; tested; derived; related; exhibit; form; activated; treating; measured; mediated; play adjectives: human; different; high; new; anti; active; specific; several; molecular; important; significant; antimicrobial; biological; antiviral; various; low; higher; natural; many; present; inhibitory; dependent; novel; potent; non; structural; first; essential; potential; viral; functional; similar; effective; small; inflammatory; antibacterial; clinical; positive; cellular; possible; major; single; bacterial; large; normal; therapeutic; synthetic; antioxidant; common; free adverbs: also; however; well; respectively; significantly; therefore; highly; recently; furthermore; moreover; previously; even; still; currently; mainly; especially; together; directly; less; now; often; widely; finally; interestingly; first; generally; particularly; specifically; far; almost; strongly; already; approximately; completely; probably; fully; yet; additionally; usually; commonly; potentially; much; thereby; successfully; rather; subsequently; relatively; selectively; namely; similarly pronouns: we; it; their; its; our; they; i; them; us; his; itself; he; you; one; themselves; your; my; her; bglu; me; she; him; 's; ourselves; oneself; mrnas; nr-818; mg; indole-2-carboxamides; 3,5-diglucoside; puc; ppifs; myself; mrs; itsn2; ifnyr-/-mice; himself; he16; em; cb562; 63a; ␤; ³hser; y€; ykl-40; yegfp; ya; y401; w@; upa proper nouns: Japan; University; C; mg; Mannich; RNA; Department; E.; A; Fig; S.; II; IC; Institute; P.; M.; C.; N; Univ; B; MS; L.; Tokyo; kg; M; L; D; PCR; pH; Research; mL; Science; K; HIV; fl; Synthesis; School; DNA; NMR; S; H; B.; T; A.; Turkey; Dept; HIV-1; HPLC; mRNA; Ca keywords: activity; cell; effect; compound; study; protein; dna; result; acid; university; rna; peptide; virus; antiviral; synthesis; high; extract; institute; increase; human; gram; department; structure; research; plant; pcr; oil; mic; level; inhibitor; hplc; flavonoid; antimicrobial; sequence; receptor; physical; nmr; method; membrane; hiv; gene; expression; biology; atp; anti; amino; tnf; sciences; science; scheme one topic; one dimension: activity file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3163371/ titles(s): Neglected Disease – African Sleeping Sickness: Recent Synthetic and Modeling Advances three topics; one dimension: activity; cells; activity file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25462280/, https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S016801020600085X, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103196/ titles(s): Mannich bases in medicinal chemistry and drug design | Abstracts for the 29th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuroscience2006) | 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) five topics; three dimensions: activity cells peptide; activity protein compounds; activity compounds antimicrobial; japan neurons cells; cells cell protein file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7164006/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25462280/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7212785/, https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S016801020600085X, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7100643/ titles(s): Poster Sessions | Mannich bases in medicinal chemistry and drug design | Natural Products as Fungicide and Their Role in Crop Protection | Abstracts for the 29th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuroscience2006) | Deutsche Gesellschaft für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie e.V. Type: cord title: keyword-activity-cord date: 2021-05-24 time: 19:35 username: emorgan patron: Eric Morgan email: emorgan@nd.edu input: keywords:activity ==== make-pages.sh htm files ==== make-pages.sh complex files ==== make-pages.sh named enities ==== making bibliographics id: cord-027713-8ohchx8p author: Abidine, M’hamed Bilal title: Human Activities Recognition in Android Smartphone Using WSVM-HMM Classifier date: 2020-05-31 words: 2355.0 sentences: 138.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-027713-8ohchx8p.txt txt: ./txt/cord-027713-8ohchx8p.txt summary: In this work, we perform the recognition of the human activity based on the combined Weighted SVM and HMM by taking advantage of the relative strengths of these two classification paradigms. The basic procedure for mobile activity recognition involves i) collection of labelled data, i.e., associated with a specific class or activity from users that perform sample activities to be recognized ii) classification model generation by using collected data to train and test classification algorithms iii) a model deployment stage where the learnt model is transferred to the mobile device for identifying new contiguous portions of sensor data streams that cover various activities of interest. In this work, we adopted a new method for physical activity recognition using mobile phones that uses labels outputting WSVM in HMM. One also notices for HAR dataset that the multi-class WSVM method improves the classification results over MC-SVM, MC-HF-SVM and HMM classifiers used alone. abstract: Being able to recognize human activities is essential for several applications such as health monitoring, fall detection, context-aware mobile applications. In this work, we perform the recognition of the human activity based on the combined Weighted SVM and HMM by taking advantage of the relative strengths of these two classification paradigms. One significant advantage in WSVMs is that, they deal the problem of imbalanced data but his drawback is that, they are inherently static classifiers - they do not implicitly model temporal evolution of data. HMMs have the advantage of being able to handle dynamic data with certain assumptions about stationary and independence. The experiment results on real datasets show that the proposed method possess the better robustness and distinction. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7313284/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-51517-1_35 id: cord-309052-3h0g7s9v author: Alam, Fiaz title: Psoralea corylifolia L: Ethnobotanical, biological, and chemical aspects: A review date: 2017-12-15 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Psoralea corylifolia L. (Leguminosae) is a well‐known traditional medicinal plant used from ancient times for treatment of various ailments. It is widely distributed and an important part of therapeutics in Ayurveda and in Chinese medicines. The aim of this review is to present comprehensive and most up to date report on its ethnobotanical, ethnopharmacological, clinical, phytochemical, and side effects. Studies on the ethnobotanical, ethnopharmacological, clinical, phytochemical, and side effects of P. corylifolia were published until year 2017 and were searched using various scientific databases. The scientific literature searched revealed that these plant species has been extensively investigated in vivo and in vitro for various biological and phytochemical studies. It has cardiotonic, vasodilator, pigmentor, antitumor, antibacterial, cytotoxic, and anti‐helminthic properties and locally used for alopecia, inflammation, leukoderma, leprosy, psoriasis, and eczema. So far, about a hundred bioactive compounds have been isolated from seeds and fruits, and most important compounds identified belongs to coumarins, flavonoids, and meroterpenes groups. This review article summarized the most updated scientific literature on bioactive phytochemical and biological activities of P. corylifolia. This article will be a useful addition to providing information for future research, and more standard clinical trials are needed for the plant to be used as therapeutic agent. url: https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6006 doi: 10.1002/ptr.6006 id: cord-286136-gm6w590s author: Aleksic Sabo, Verica title: Antimicrobial activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. plant extracts and essential oils: A review date: 2019-03-05 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Eucalyptus has become one of the world’s most widely planted genera and E. camaldulensis (The River Red Gum) is a plantation species in many parts of the world. The plant traditional medical application indicates great antimicrobial properties, so E. camaldulensis essential oils and plant extracts have been widely examined. Essential oil of E. camaldulensis is active against many Gram positive (0.07–1.1%) and Gram negative bacteria (0.01–3.2%). The antibacterial effect is confirmed for bark and leaf extracts (conc. from 0.08 μg/mL to 200 mg/mL), with significant variations depending on extraction procedure. Eucalyptus camaldulensis essential oil and extracts are among the most active against bacteria when compared with those from other species of genus Eucalyptus. The most fungal model organisms are sensitive to 0.125–1.0% of E. camaldulensis essential oil. The extracts are active against C. albicans (0.2–200 mg/mL leaf extracts and 0.5 mg/mL bark extracts), and against various dermatophytes. Of particular importance is considerable the extracts’ antiviral activity against animal and human viruses (0.1–50 μg/mL). Although the antiprotozoal activity of E. camaldulensis essential oil and extracts is in the order of magnitude of concentration several hundred mg/mL, it is considerable when taking into account current therapy cost, toxicity, and protozoal growing resistance. Some studies show that essential oils’ and extracts’ antimicrobial activity can be further potentiated in combinations with antibiotics (beta-lactams, fluorochinolones, aminoglycosides, polymyxins), antivirals (acyclovir), and extracts of other plants (e.g. Annona senegalensis; Psidium guajava). The present data confirm the river red gum considerable antimicrobial properties, which should be further examined with particular attention to the mechanisms of antimicrobial activity. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926669019301529 doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.02.051 id: cord-352844-wggg3ynb author: Annunziata, Francesca title: An Overview of Coumarin as a Versatile and Readily Accessible Scaffold with Broad-Ranging Biological Activities date: 2020-06-29 words: 50752.0 sentences: 2326.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt summary: Again, the coumarin derivative showed inhibitory activity on 15-LOX-1 in PC3 and DU145 cell lines, thus inducing apoptosis of the cancer cell, with the same mechanism of The results represent a good starting point for the design of novel derivatives, because most of the examined compounds exhibited selective toxicity on HeLa cells (IC 50 values between 136.4 ± 1.90 µM and 172.2 ± 1.80 µM after 24 h), whereas no negative effects on HDF normal cell''s growth was detected. Since tacrine is a well-known inhibitor of the catalytic site of AChE, whereas coumarins showed affinity for the peripheral anionic site (PAS) [161] , this new compounds may be potential dual-and therefore more powerful -inhibitors of ChEs. The in vitro AChE and BuChE inhibitory activity was evaluated using the Ellman''s method [159] ; among all the tested molecules, compound 105 resulted the best in AChE inhibition (IC 50 Thanks to their simple structural architecture and chemical stability, coumarins can be easily synthesized and modified in order to produce more active and selective compounds. abstract: Privileged structures have been widely used as an effective template for the research and discovery of high value chemicals. Coumarin is a simple scaffold widespread in Nature and it can be found in a considerable number of plants as well as in some fungi and bacteria. In the last years, these natural compounds have been gaining an increasing attention from the scientific community for their wide range of biological activities, mainly due to their ability to interact with diverse enzymes and receptors in living organisms. In addition, coumarin nucleus has proved to be easily synthetized and decorated, giving the possibility of designing new coumarin-based compounds and investigating their potential in the treatment of various diseases. The versatility of coumarin scaffold finds applications not only in medicinal chemistry but also in the agrochemical field as well as in the cosmetic and fragrances industry. This review is intended to be a critical overview on coumarins, comprehensive of natural sources, metabolites, biological evaluations and synthetic approaches. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134618 doi: 10.3390/ijms21134618 id: cord-283301-adjjkqt2 author: Awolade, Paul title: Therapeutic significance of β-glucuronidase activity and its inhibitors: A review date: 2020-02-01 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The emergence of disease and dearth of effective pharmacological agents on most therapeutic fronts, constitutes a major threat to global public health and man’s existence. Consequently, this has created an exigency in the search for new drugs with improved clinical utility or means of potentiating available ones. To this end, accumulating empirical evidence supports molecular target therapy as a plausible egress and, β-glucuronidase (βGLU) – a lysosomal acid hydrolase responsible for the catalytic deconjugation of β-d-glucuronides has emerged as a viable molecular target for several therapeutic applications. The enzyme’s activity level in body fluids is also deemed a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of some pathological conditions. Moreover, due to its role in colon carcinogenesis and certain drug-induced dose-limiting toxicities, the development of potent inhibitors of βGLU in human intestinal microbiota has aroused increased attention over the years. Nevertheless, although our literature survey revealed both natural products and synthetic scaffolds as potential inhibitors of the enzyme, only few of these have found clinical utility, albeit with moderate to poor pharmacokinetic profile. Hence, in this review we present a compendium of exploits in the present millennium directed towards the inhibition of βGLU. The aim is to proffer a platform on which new scaffolds can be modelled for improved βGLU inhibitory potency and the development of new therapeutic agents in consequential. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31835168/ doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111921 id: cord-257494-242k58ll author: Bastos, Paulo title: Human Antimicrobial Peptides in Bodily Fluids: Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Perspectives in the Postantibiotic Era date: 2017-01-17 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an integral part of the innate immune defense mechanism of many organisms. Due to the alarming increase of resistance to antimicrobial therapeutics, a growing interest in alternative antimicrobial agents has led to the exploitation of AMPs, both synthetic and isolated from natural sources. Thus, many peptide‐based drugs have been the focus of increasing attention by many researchers not only in identifying novel AMPs, but in defining mechanisms of antimicrobial peptide activity as well. Herein, we review the available strategies for the identification of AMPs in human body fluids and their mechanism(s) of action. In addition, an overview of the distribution of AMPs across different human body fluids is provided, as well as its relation with microorganisms and infectious conditions. url: https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21435 doi: 10.1002/med.21435 id: cord-278513-ajfpghze author: Boyle, John T. title: Demonstration of a difference in expression of maximal lactase and sucrase activity along the villus in the adult rat jejunum date: 1980-09-30 words: 3218.0 sentences: 186.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-278513-ajfpghze.txt txt: ./txt/cord-278513-ajfpghze.txt summary: Sectioning of the villus-crypt unit in a cryostat enabled direct comparison of the distribution of lactase and sucrase enzyme activities in the adult rat. Sectioning of the villus-crypt unit in a cryostat enabled direct comparison of the distribution of lactase and sucrase enzyme activities in the adult rat. Differences in localization of enzyme activity in turn might help explain the decrease in the ratio of lactase to sucrase (0), and acid &alactosidase (A) along the villus-crypt unit. This is the first report that directly compares distribution of lactase and sucrase activities along the crypt-villus unit of the adult rat. The more apical localization of lactase activity compared to sucrase activity on the crypt-villus unit may help to explain the vulnerability of this enzyme to acute mucosal injury (e.g., acute gastroenteritis). Although it is not stated that the activities of all enzymes were assayed on the same villus-crypt unit, the authors report a more apical distribution of jejunal lactase activity when compared to sucrase and maltase. abstract: Abstract Lactase and sucrase are two disaccharidases that differ not only in their substrate specificity and developmental patterns, but also in their resistance to mucosal insult. In this experiment, we tested the hypothesis that there might be a dichotomy in expression of enzyme activity along the jejunal villuscrypt unit. Sectioning of the villus-crypt unit in a cryostat enabled direct comparison of the distribution of lactase and sucrase enzyme activities in the adult rat. There is a stepwise increase in mean lactase/sucrase ratio going from crypt to villus. The data indicate that unlike sucrase activity, which is expressed maximally in enterocytes along the entire villus, maximal lactase activity is not attained until midvillus. The delay in expression of maximal lactase activity might help to explain the vulnerability of this enzyme to acute mucosal insult such as occurs in viral gastroenteritis. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6776002/ doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(80)90375-3 id: cord-352668-qjlqsb2k author: Cabello, Francisco title: Consensus on Recommendations for Safe Sexual Activity during the COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic date: 2020-07-20 words: 4834.0 sentences: 232.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-352668-qjlqsb2k.txt txt: ./txt/cord-352668-qjlqsb2k.txt summary: Sexual activity offers numerous advantages for physical and mental health but maintains inherent risks in a pandemic situation, such as the current one caused by SARS-CoV-2. A group of experts from the Spanish Association of Sexuality and Mental Health (AESexSAME) has reached a consensus on recommendations to maintain lower-risk sexual activity, depending on one''s clinical and partner situations, based on the current knowledge of SARS-CoV-2. In all other cases (for those under quarantine, those with some clinical symptoms, health professionals in contact with COVID-19 patients, and during pregnancy), abstaining from coital/oral/anal sex, substituting it with masturbatory or virtual sexual activity to provide maximum protection from the contagion, and increasing the benefits inherent to sexual activity are recommended. Due to the ease of contagion and the lack of information about the possible transmission of SARS-CoV-2, a group of experts from the Spanish Association for Sexuality and Mental Health, covering the fields of sexology, psychiatry, psychology and medicine reached a consensus. abstract: Sexual activity offers numerous advantages for physical and mental health but maintains inherent risks in a pandemic situation, such as the current one caused by SARS-CoV-2. A group of experts from the Spanish Association of Sexuality and Mental Health (AESexSAME) has reached a consensus on recommendations to maintain lower-risk sexual activity, depending on one’s clinical and partner situations, based on the current knowledge of SARS-CoV-2. Different situations are included in the recommendations: a sexual partner passing quarantine without any symptoms, a sexual partner that has not passed quarantine, a sexual partner with some suspicious symptoms of COVID-19, a positive sexual partner with COVID-19, a pregnant sexual partner, a health professional partner in contact with COVID-19 patients, and people without a sexual partner. The main recommendations include returning to engaging in safe sex after quarantine is over (28 days based on the duration one can carry SARS-CoV-2, or 33 days for those who are >60 years old) and all parties are asymptomatic. In all other cases (for those under quarantine, those with some clinical symptoms, health professionals in contact with COVID-19 patients, and during pregnancy), abstaining from coital/oral/anal sex, substituting it with masturbatory or virtual sexual activity to provide maximum protection from the contagion, and increasing the benefits inherent to sexual activity are recommended. For persons without a partner, not initiating sexual activity with a sporadic partner is strongly recommended. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32698369/ doi: 10.3390/jcm9072297 id: cord-295543-nj4a640t author: Castañeda-Babarro, Arkaitz title: Physical Activity Change during COVID-19 Confinement date: 2020-09-21 words: 3600.0 sentences: 190.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt txt: ./txt/cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt summary: Conclusion: The Spanish adult population, especially young people, students and very active men, decreased daily self-reported PA and increased ST during COVID-19 confinement. While the disease spreads around the world, healthy people are being requested to stay at home for prolonged periods of time and, as a consequence, COVID-19 has radically modified the determining factors (individual, interpersonal, environmental, regional or national policies and global) [11] of both types of behavior Thus, due to isolation and limitations in engaging in regular and common activities, fulfilling PA recommendations and reducing sedentary behavior during lockdown may pose a significant challenge, especially during the first weeks when the population has limited chances to find alternatives to ensure they remain active even at home. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze self-reported PA and sedentary behavior before and during lockdown caused by COVID-19 in a Spanish healthy adult population. abstract: Background: The lockdown and social distancing caused by COVID-19 may influence common health behavior. The unprecedent worldwide confinement, in which Spain has been one of the most affected—with severe rules governing confinement—may have changed physical activity (PA) and sedentary habits due to prolonged stays at home. Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate how self-reported PA and sedentary time (ST) have changed during confinement in the Spanish population. Methods: 3800 healthy adults (age 18–64 years) residing in Spain answered the international physical activity questionnaire short (IPAQ-S) twice between 23 March and 1 April (confinement). Data analysis was carried out taking into consideration meeting general PA recommendations before confinement, age and gender. Results: Self-reported PA decreased significantly during confinement in our sample. Vigorous physical activities (VPA) and walking time decreased by 16.8% (p < 0.001) and 58.2% (p < 0.001), respectively, whereas ST increased by 23.8% (p < 0.001). The percent of people fulfilling the 75 min/week of VPA recommendation decreased by 10.7% (p < 0.001) while the percent of people who reached 150 min/week of moderate activity barely changed (1.4%). The group that performed the most VPA before confinement showed the greatest decrease (30.5%, p < 0.001). Men reduced time in VPA more than women (21% vs 9%, respectively) who even increased time in moderate PA by 11% (p < 0.05) and reported less increase in ST than men (35% vs 25.3%, respectively). Conclusion: The Spanish adult population, especially young people, students and very active men, decreased daily self-reported PA and increased ST during COVID-19 confinement. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186878 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186878 id: cord-281597-x53ni6q1 author: Chiasson, Melissa A title: Multiplexed measurement of variant abundance and activity reveals VKOR topology, active site and human variant impact date: 2020-09-01 words: 10185.0 sentences: 536.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-281597-x53ni6q1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-281597-x53ni6q1.txt summary: Here, we used multiplexed, sequencing-based assays to measure the effects of 2,695 VKOR missense variants on abundance and 697 variants on activity in cultured human cells. Finally, 25% of human VKOR missense variants show reduced abundance or activity, possibly conferring warfarin sensitivity or causing disease. To understand the effect of human variants and to define the vitamin K and warfarin binding sites, VKOR variant activity has been extensively studied in cell-based assays (Czogalla et al., 2017; Shen et al., 2017; Tie et al., 2013) . We recombined a library of VKORC1 variants into the HEK293 activity reporter cell line and sorted recombinant cells into quartile bins based on carboxylation-specific antibody binding. Using these contacts, we computationally folded human VKOR, yielding a modeled structure similar to the bacterial structure (RMSD = 2.58 Å over 97/143 C alpha , Figure 3 Comparison of our abundance data to the energy required to insert different amino acids into the membrane yielded additional evidence for the four transmembrane domain model. abstract: Vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) drives the vitamin K cycle, activating vitamin K-dependent blood clotting factors. VKOR is also the target of the widely used anticoagulant drug, warfarin. Despite VKOR’s pivotal role in coagulation, its structure and active site remain poorly understood. In addition, VKOR variants can cause vitamin K-dependent clotting factor deficiency or alter warfarin response. Here, we used multiplexed, sequencing-based assays to measure the effects of 2,695 VKOR missense variants on abundance and 697 variants on activity in cultured human cells. The large-scale functional data, along with an evolutionary coupling analysis, supports a four transmembrane domain topology, with variants in transmembrane domains exhibiting strongly deleterious effects on abundance and activity. Functionally constrained regions of the protein define the active site, and we find that, of four conserved cysteines putatively critical for function, only three are absolutely required. Finally, 25% of human VKOR missense variants show reduced abundance or activity, possibly conferring warfarin sensitivity or causing disease. url: https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.58026 doi: 10.7554/elife.58026 id: cord-260674-a0ejus6m author: Chopra, Sakshi title: Impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviours- a cross-sectional audit of responses from nine hundred and ninety-five participants from India date: 2020-10-06 words: 4290.0 sentences: 196.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-260674-a0ejus6m.txt txt: ./txt/cord-260674-a0ejus6m.txt summary: CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 marginally improved the eating behaviour, yet one-third of participants gained weight as physical activity declined significantly coupled with an increase in screen and sitting time. A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted on the general population to assess the impact of COVID-19 on daily lifestyle-related practices such as dietary, activity and sleep pattern using a validated questionnaire. The electronic survey questionnaire was designed to assess changes in multiple lifestyle-related behaviors such as eating, physical activity, sleep and other health related behaviours during the COVID-19 outbreak. Part A (A1 to A24) assesses the baseline lifestylerelated behaviours and Part B (B1 to B24) evaluates changes in different lifestyle related behaviors such as eating habits, physical activity and sleep pattern during the pandemic. abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The impact of measures taken to contain COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviour is undefined in Indian population. The current study was undertaken to assess the impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviours: eating, physical activity and sleep behaviour. METHODS: The study is a cross-sectional web-based survey. A validated questionnaire to assess the changes in lifestyle-related behaviour was administered on adults across India using a Google online survey platform. RESULTS: A total of 995 responses (58.5% male, mean age 33.3 years) were collected. An improvement in healthy meal consumption pattern and a restriction of unhealthy food items was observed, especially in the younger population (age <30 years). A reduction in physical activity coupled with an increase in daily screen time was found especially among men and in upper-socio-economic strata. Quarantine induced stress and anxiety showed an increase by a unit in nearly one-fourth of the participants. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 marginally improved the eating behaviour, yet one-third of participants gained weight as physical activity declined significantly coupled with an increase in screen and sitting time. Mental health was also adversely affected. A detailed understanding of these factors can help to develop interventions to mitigate the negative lifestyle behaviours that have manifested during COVID-19. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.09.034 doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.09.034 id: cord-016575-bn15006x author: Cox-Georgian, Destinney title: Therapeutic and Medicinal Uses of Terpenes date: 2019-11-12 words: 9832.0 sentences: 565.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-016575-bn15006x.txt txt: ./txt/cord-016575-bn15006x.txt summary: Terpenes have a wide range of medicinal uses among which antiplasmodial activity is notable as its mechanism of action is similar to the popular antimalarial drug in use—chloroquine. Terpenes and terpenoids are terms that are often used interchangeably but the two terms have slight differences; terpenes are an arrangement of isoprene units that are naturally occurring, volatile, unsaturated 5-carbon cyclic compounds that give off a scent or a taste to defend itself from organisms that feed off of certain types of plants (see footnote 1). This plant contains many medicinal properties like anticancer, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antihyperglycemic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic (Franklin et al. Beta-myrcene from Cannabis sativa, the plant which is high in terpenes, does not show an anti plasmodial effect but extracts from stem, leaves, and seeds of clove basil showed a good antiplasmodial activity (Small 2017; Kpoviessi et al. The results revealed that terpenes formed a major part of the extracts of medicinal plants that exerted antidepressant effects (Saki et al. abstract: Terpenes, also known as terpenoids are the largest and most diverse group of naturally occurring compounds. Based on the number of isoprene units they have, they are classified as mono, di, tri, tetra, and sesquiterpenes. They are mostly found in plants and form the major constituent of essential oils from plants. Among the natural products that provide medical benefits for an organism, terpenes play a major and variety of roles. The common plant sources of terpenes are tea, thyme, cannabis, Spanish sage, and citrus fruits (e.g., lemon, orange, mandarin). Terpenes have a wide range of medicinal uses among which antiplasmodial activity is notable as its mechanism of action is similar to the popular antimalarial drug in use—chloroquine. Monoterpenes specifically are widely studied for their antiviral property. With growing incidents of cancer and diabetes in modern world, terpenes also have the potential to serve as anticancer and antidiabetic reagents. Along with these properties, terpenes also allow for flexibility in route of administration and suppression of side effects. Certain terpenes were widely used in natural folk medicine. One such terpene is curcumin which holds anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antiseptic, antiplasmodial, astringent, digestive, diuretic, and many other properties. Curcumin has also become a recent trend in healthy foods and open doors for several medical researches. This chapter summarizes the various terpenes, their sources, medicinal properties, mechanism of action, and the recent studies that are underway for designing terpenes as a lead molecule in the modern medicine. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120914/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-31269-5_15 id: cord-303879-3hug5hj3 author: Cushnie, T.P. Tim title: Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids date: 2005-10-19 words: 7955.0 sentences: 450.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-303879-3hug5hj3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-303879-3hug5hj3.txt summary: Increasingly, this class of natural products is becoming the subject of anti-infective research, and many groups have isolated and identified the structures of flavonoids possessing antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial activity. Although there have been comparatively few studies into the mechanisms underlying flavonoid antibacterial activity, information from published literature indicates that different compounds within this class of phytochemicals may target different components and functions of the bacterial cell [137] [138] [139] . The cytoplasmic membrane activity detected for quercetin by Mirzoeva and co-workers may represent one of the additional mechanisms of antibacterial action that was suspected to be present among the seven DNA gyrase-inhibiting flavonoid compounds tested by Ohemeng and colleagues [68] . In addition to the structural alteration of weak and moderately active antimicrobial flavonoids, investigation into the mechanisms of action of these compounds is likely to be a productive area of research. abstract: Flavonoids are ubiquitous in photosynthesising cells and are commonly found in fruit, vegetables, nuts, seeds, stems, flowers, tea, wine, propolis and honey. For centuries, preparations containing these compounds as the principal physiologically active constituents have been used to treat human diseases. Increasingly, this class of natural products is becoming the subject of anti-infective research, and many groups have isolated and identified the structures of flavonoids possessing antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial activity. Moreover, several groups have demonstrated synergy between active flavonoids as well as between flavonoids and existing chemotherapeutics. Reports of activity in the field of antibacterial flavonoid research are widely conflicting, probably owing to inter- and intra-assay variation in susceptibility testing. However, several high-quality investigations have examined the relationship between flavonoid structure and antibacterial activity and these are in close agreement. In addition, numerous research groups have sought to elucidate the antibacterial mechanisms of action of selected flavonoids. The activity of quercetin, for example, has been at least partially attributed to inhibition of DNA gyrase. It has also been proposed that sophoraflavone G and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate inhibit cytoplasmic membrane function, and that licochalcones A and C inhibit energy metabolism. Other flavonoids whose mechanisms of action have been investigated include robinetin, myricetin, apigenin, rutin, galangin, 2,4,2′-trihydroxy-5′-methylchalcone and lonchocarpol A. These compounds represent novel leads, and future studies may allow the development of a pharmacologically acceptable antimicrobial agent or class of agents. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857905002554 doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.09.002 id: cord-272943-q09i8fqu author: Dalhoff, A. title: Antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic activities of fluoroquinolones optimized for treatment of bacterial infections: a puzzling paradox or a logical consequence of their mode of action? date: 2014-12-17 words: 4715.0 sentences: 256.0 pages: flesch: 36.0 cache: ./cache/cord-272943-q09i8fqu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-272943-q09i8fqu.txt summary: Surprisingly, the use of fluoroquinolones in indications other than bacterial infections has never been exploited, although not only nalidixic acid and its congener chloroquine exerts pleiotropic actions but, e.g., β-lactams and aminoglycosides are characterized by a broad range of biological activities too [47, 48] , so that a multitude of antimicrobial effects would not have been unusual. Fluoroquinolones inhibit not only enzymic activity of viral topoisomerases/helicases, but inhibit in vitro human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase as well; complete inhibition was observed at concentrations of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin of 3 μM and norfloxacin of 1 μM, respectively [71] [72] [73] . Fluoroquinolones like ciprofloxacin, amifloxacin, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, grepafloxacin, trovafloxacin, and 16 additional commercially available quinolones exhibit marked in vitro activity and in vivo efficacy against Plasmodium spp. abstract: This review summarizes evidence that commercially available fluoroquinolones used for the treatment of bacterial infections are active against other non-bacterial infectious agents as well. Any of these fluoroquinolones exerts, in parallel to its antibacterial action, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic actions at clinically achievable concentrations. This broad range of anti-infective activities is due to one common mode of action, i.e., the inhibition of type II topoisomerases or inhibition of viral helicases, thus maintaining the selective toxicity of fluoroquinolones inhibiting microbial topoisomerases at low concentrations but mammalian topoisomerases at much higher concentrations. Evidence suggests that standard doses of the fluoroquinolones studied are clinically effective against viral and parasitic infections, whereas higher doses administered topically were active against Candida spp. causing ophthalmological infections. Well-designed clinical studies should be performed to substantiate these findings. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-014-2296-3 doi: 10.1007/s10096-014-2296-3 id: cord-253276-mqcwk2ow author: Desai, N. C. title: Synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of some novel thiazole clubbed 1,3,4-oxadiazoles date: 2013-09-30 words: 2623.0 sentences: 155.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-253276-mqcwk2ow.txt txt: ./txt/cord-253276-mqcwk2ow.txt summary: The structure activity relationship revealed that the presence of electron withdrawing groups at para position of phenyl ring remarkably enhanced the antibacterial activity of synthesized compounds. From the results of the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds 5ael, the following structure activity relationships can be derived: the antibacterial activity was considerably affected by substitution pattern on the phenyl ring and the most active compounds contain electron withdrawing substituent at para and meta positions of the phenyl ring (p > m > o). Compounds 5c and 5i, substituted with inductively electron withdrawing fluoro and nitro groups, respectively at para position showed the highest antibacterial activity (F > NO 2 ). While, substituting the phenyl ring with fluoro and nitro group at ortho position resulted in noticeable decrease in the antibacterial activity of compounds 5a and 5g respectively. The contrasting nature of substitution pattern at para position of the phenyl ring of most active antibacterial and antifungal agents indicate that the structural requirements are different for binding of drug to bacterial or fungal targets, respectively [43] . abstract: Abstract A series of thiazole clubbed 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives (5a–l) have been synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral analysis. Synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. The results indicated that, compounds 5c and 5i exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity. Compound 5f was found to be the most potent antifungal agent. The structure activity relationship revealed that the presence of electron withdrawing groups at para position of phenyl ring remarkably enhanced the antibacterial activity of synthesized compounds. Further, the results of preliminary MTT cytotoxicity studies on HeLa cells suggested that potent antimicrobial activity of 5b, 5c, 5f, 5h and 5i is accompanied by low cytotoxicity. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0223523413003978 doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.06.029 id: cord-034066-fsp7e5x5 author: Di Figlia-Peck, Stephanie title: Treatment of children and adolescents who are overweight or obese date: 2020-10-21 words: 10683.0 sentences: 516.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-034066-fsp7e5x5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-034066-fsp7e5x5.txt summary: 2 And in 2008, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality of the HHS came out with an Evidence-Based/Technology Assessment entitled "The Effectiveness of Weight Management Programs in Children and Adolescents." 3 In addition to these government-sponsored guidelines, recommendations for management of overweight and obesity in this population have been issued by multiple other organizations. One 12month technology-based program for adolescents with Type 2 diabetes "was not sufficient to produce weight loss with the combination of web intervention and group sessions and telephone follow up, but improvements in sedentary behavior and use of behavior change strategies expected to lead to behavior change was evidenced." 32 Telemedicine, in theory, should be able to compensate for some of the barriers that prevent access to and utilization of family based comprehensive behavioral interventions for child and adolescent obesity. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7576185/ doi: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2020.100871 id: cord-269943-g77qe5ml author: Di Sotto, Antonella title: Plant-Derived Nutraceuticals and Immune System Modulation: An Evidence-Based Overview date: 2020-08-22 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Immunomodulators are agents able to affect the immune system, by boosting the immune defences to improve the body reaction against infectious or exogenous injuries, or suppressing the abnormal immune response occurring in immune disorders. Moreover, immunoadjuvants can support immune system acting on nonimmune targets, thus improving the immune response. The modulation of inflammatory pathways and microbiome can also contribute to control the immune function. Some plant-based nutraceuticals have been studied as possible immunomodulating agents due to their multiple and pleiotropic effects. Being usually more tolerable than pharmacological treatments, their adjuvant contribution is approached as a desirable nutraceutical strategy. In the present review, the up to date knowledge about the immunomodulating properties of polysaccharides, fatty acids and labdane diterpenes have been analyzed, in order to give scientific basic and clinical evidence to support their practical use. Since promising evidence in preclinical studies, limited and sometimes confusing results have been highlighted in clinical trials, likely due to low methodological quality and lacking standardization. More investigations of high quality and specificity are required to describe in depth the usefulness of these plant-derived nutraceuticals in the immune system modulation, for health promoting and disease preventing purposes. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030468 doi: 10.3390/vaccines8030468 id: cord-339227-2i9q9c8u author: Djakpo, Odilon title: Rhus chinensis and Galla Chinensis – folklore to modern evidence: review date: 2010-11-22 words: 6205.0 sentences: 365.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-339227-2i9q9c8u.txt txt: ./txt/cord-339227-2i9q9c8u.txt summary: Pentagalloylglucose [1], 3-galloyl-gallic acid and 4-galloyl-gallic acid isomers isolated from Galla chinensis are reported to be the primary bioactive gallotannins, possessing numerous medicinal activities and health benefi ts Sakai et al., 1990; Bhimani et al., 1993; Feldman et al., 2001; . Two terpene compounds, moronic acid [8] and betulonic acid [9], were separated from Rhus chinensis and their subsequent anti-HSV activities were assessed in vitro and in vivo . (2004) screened 112 Chinese medicinal plants for antioxidant activity; the results showed that the aqueous extract of Galla chinensis contained the highest antioxidant concentration of 17674 μmol TEAC/100 g. (2003) tested the inhibitory effect of an aqueous extract from the gall of Rhus chinensis on α-glucosidase activity in in vitro and in vivo models. Anti-HIV-1 activities of extracts from the medicinal plant Rhus chinensis Anti-HIV-1 activities of compounds isolated from the medicinal plant Rhus chinensis abstract: The species Rhus chinensis Mill. (Anacardiaceae) is an important representative of the genus Rhus, which contains over 250 individual species found in temperate and tropical regions worldwide. Rhus chinensis has long been used by folk medicine practitioners in Asia. Leaves, roots, stem, bark, fruit and particularly the galls on Rhus chinensis leaves, Galla chinensis, are recognized to have preventative and therapeutic effects on different ailments (such as diarrhea, dysentery, rectal and intestinal cancer, diabetes mellitus, sepsis, oral diseases and inflammation). However, it is critical to separate evidence from anecdote. Fortunately, recent scientific research has revealed that Rhus chinensis compounds possess strong antiviral, antibacterial, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antidiarrheal and antioxidant activities. Moreover, compounds isolated from the stem of Rhus chinensis significantly suppressed HIV‐1 activity in vitro. Compounds from this plant were also found to inhibit enamel demineralization in vitro and enhance remineralization of dental enamel with fluoride. This review highlights claims from traditional and tribal medicinal lore and makes a contemporary summary of phytochemical, biological and pharmacological findings on this plant material. It aims to show that the pharmaceutical potential of this plant deserves closer attention. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. url: https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.3215 doi: 10.1002/ptr.3215 id: cord-270602-599vweqe author: Donia, Marwa title: Marine natural products and their potential applications as anti-infective agents date: 2003-05-22 words: 5956.0 sentences: 339.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-270602-599vweqe.txt txt: ./txt/cord-270602-599vweqe.txt summary: Although many marine-product clinical trials are for cancer chemotherapy, drug resistance, emerging infectious diseases, and the threat of bioterrorism have all contributed to the interest in assessing natural ocean products in the treatment of infectious organisms. Many marine natural products have successfully advanced to the late stages of clinical trials, including dolastatin 10, ecteinascidin-743, kahalalide F, and aplidine, and a growing number of candidates have been selected as promising leads for extended preclinical assessment. Many marine natural products have successfully advanced to the late stages of clinical trials, including dolastatin 10, ecteinascidin-743, kahalalide F, and aplidine, and a growing number of candidates have been selected as promising leads for extended preclinical assessment. 6 In this review, we focus on the pharmacologically tested marine leads that have shown in-vivo efficacy or potent invitro activity against infectious and parasitic diseases, including malaria, toxoplasmosis, trypanosomiasis, and viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. abstract: The oceans are a unique resource that provide a diverse array of natural products, primarily from invertebrates such as sponges, tunicates, bryozoans, and molluscs, and from marine bacteria and cyanobacteria. As infectious diseases evolve and develop resistance to existing pharmaceuticals, the marine environment provides novel leads against fungal, parasitic, bacterial, and viral diseases. Many marine natural products have successfully advanced to the late stages of clinical trials, including dolastatin 10, ecteinascidin-743, kahalalide F, and aplidine, and a growing number of candidates have been selected as promising leads for extended preclinical assessment. Although many marine-product clinical trials are for cancer chemotherapy, drug resistance, emerging infectious diseases, and the threat of bioterrorism have all contributed to the interest in assessing natural ocean products in the treatment of infectious organisms. In this review, we focus on the pharmacologically tested marine leads that have shown in-vivo efficacy or potent in-vitro activity against infectious and parasitic diseases. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309903006558 doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00655-8 id: cord-261170-arnwk287 author: Gallimore, W. title: Chapter 18 Marine Metabolites Oceans of Opportunity date: 2017-12-31 words: 7118.0 sentences: 404.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-261170-arnwk287.txt txt: ./txt/cord-261170-arnwk287.txt summary: Typically without the benefit of folklore therapeutic knowledge, marine organisms are collected, extracted, and fractionated to afford compounds that undergo evaluation with in vivo and in vitro assays en route to clinical applications. To gain an understanding of the importance of marine natural products chemistry in drug development G To be able to map the process involved in drug development from marine natural products G To gain an appreciation of the range of biological activities associated with compounds isolated from micro-and macroorganisms G To identify the marine-derived drugs which are undergoing clinical evaluation Biological activities identified in extracts and metabolites of algal origin include anticancer, antiobesity, neuroprotective, and antioxidant activity and Scheme 18.2 shows chemical structures of representative bioactive compounds isolated from the macroalgae. Biologically active compounds from marine bacteria also include Streptomyces species from sediment and fish gut from which anticancer (e.g., halichomycin and δ-indomycinone) and antibacterial agents (e.g., phenazines) have been obtained [58À60]. abstract: Abstract The marine environment provides an array of compounds often with unique molecular architectures boasting an equally wide array of bioactivities including anticancer, antiinflammatory, and antimicrobial activity. Typically without the benefit of folklore therapeutic knowledge, marine organisms are collected, extracted, and fractionated to afford compounds that undergo evaluation with in vivo and in vitro assays en route to clinical applications. The pharmaceutical industry has benefited from research into marine metabolites with the development of marine-derived drugs including cytarabine, vidarabine, and ziconotide along with the more recently developed formulation Carragelose, an antiviral spray. Cosmetic applications incorporating marine extracts include Abyssine and RefirMAR. Research with macroinvertebrates, macroalgae, and microorganisms continue in the hope that drugs of the future will be culled from the oceans of the world. While obtaining a consistent and adequate supply of the bioactive compounds remains a challenge to be overcome, synthetic methods are being employed along with the application of biotechnological techniques to ensure that the drugs, when developed, will be in sufficient quantities for distribution to those who are in need. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/B9780128021040000184 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-802104-0.00018-4 id: cord-258239-7xyqlz0u author: Gärtner, Fabian title: Application of an Activity-Based Probe to Determine Proteolytic Activity of Cell Surface Cathepsin G by Mass Cytometry Data Acquisition date: 2020-10-19 words: 2548.0 sentences: 141.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-258239-7xyqlz0u.txt txt: ./txt/cord-258239-7xyqlz0u.txt summary: To this end, we established an approach to determine the proteolytic activity of CatG on the cell surface of neutrophils, NK cells, B cells, and T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by combining the activity-based probe MARS116-Bt and the antibiotin-150 Nd antibody with CyTOF analysis. Therefore, MARS116-Bt-anti-biotin-150 Nd antibodies are useful to profile a vast panel of different cell subsets in order to evaluate catalytically active CatG, its regulation, or inhibition on the cell surface. The next-generation flow cytometry CyTOF setup in combination with MARS116-Bt-anti-biotin-150 Nd antibodies allows us to analyze and gate distinct cell subsets and simultaneously determine the proteolytic activity of CatG. Furthermore, MARS116-Bt-anti-biotin-150 Nd antibodies can be added to a vast panel of activation markers in CyTOF analysis to characterize immune cells during inflammation, inducing a pathologic effect, in homeostasis, or when stimulated with different substances. abstract: [Image: see text] During an immune response, cathepsin G (CatG) takes on the role of adaptive and innate immunity and the outcome depends on the localization of CatG. Soluble, cell surface-bound, or intracellular CatG is also responsible for pathophysiology conditions. We applied the activity-based probe MARS116-Bt to mass cytometry by time-of-flight to analyze CatG activity on the cell surface of immune cells. The phosphonate warhead of MARS116-Bt binds covalently to the serine amino acid residue S195 of the catalytic center and thereby CatG activity can be detected. This method contributes to observing the activation or inhibition status of cells during pathogenesis of diseases and enables accurate data acquisition from complex biological samples with a vast panel of cell subset markers in a single-cell resolution. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33163806/ doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04092 id: cord-293867-c4wnr5xe author: Gürsoy, Elif title: Design and synthesis of novel Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives as potent antiviral and antimycobacterial agents date: 2019-12-06 words: 2974.0 sentences: 156.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-293867-c4wnr5xe.txt txt: ./txt/cord-293867-c4wnr5xe.txt summary: Besides the wide biological activity spectrum of imidazo[2,1-b] thiazole derivatives, also the compounds bearing hydrazide, acyl-hydrazone and spirothiazolidinone moiety, have been reported in the literature with their various effects such as antibacterial [21] , antifungal [22] , antitubercular [23] , antiviral [24] , anticonvulsant [25] and antidepressant [26] . In this study, we further explored the scaffold containing the imidazo [2,1-b] thiazole ring as the aromatic moiety, that is linked by an amide to a spirothiazolidinone ring system as the aliphatic cyclic moiety and from this point forward, novel derivatives were synthesized (Table 1) , and broadly evaluated for their antiviral and antimycobacterial activity (Fig. 2) . General procedure for the synthesis of 6-(4-bromophenyl)-N 2 -(substituted/non-substituted cycloalkylidene)imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-3-acetohydrazides (4a-d) 0,005 mol of 3 was boiled in a water bath under reflux with 30 mL of ethanol until a clear solution was obtained. abstract: A series of novel acyl-hydrazone (4a-d) and spirothiazolidinone (5a-d, 6a-d) derivatives of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole were synthesized and evaluated for their antiviral and antimycobacterial activity. The antituberculosis activity was evaluated by using the Microplate Alamar Blue Assay and the antiviral activity was evaluated against diverse viruses in mammalian cell cultures. According to the biological activity studies of the compounds, 5a-c displayed hope promising antitubercular activity, 6d was found as potent for Coxsackie B4 virus, 5d was found as effective against Feline corona and Feline herpes viruses. Consequently, the obtained results displayed that, 5a-d and 6d present a leading structure for future drug development due to its straightforward synthesis and relevant bioactivity. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045206819309988 doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103496 id: cord-280795-wtrt13ij author: Han, Yu-Tsung title: Mutational analysis of a helicase motif-based RNA 5′-triphosphatase/NTPase from bamboo mosaic virus date: 2007-10-10 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The helicase-like domain of BaMV replicase possesses NTPase and RNA 5′-triphosphatase activities. In this study, mutational effects of the helicase signature motifs and residue L543 on the two activities were investigated. Either activity was inactivated by K643A-S644A, D702A, D730A, R855A, or L543P mutations. On the other hand, Q826A, D858A and L543A had activities, in terms of k(cat)/K(m), reduced by 5- to 15-fold. AMPPNP, a nonhydrolyzable ATP analogue, competitively inhibited RNA 5′-triphosphatase activity. Analogies of mutational effects on the two activities and approximation of K(i(AMPPNP)) and K(m(ATP)) suggest that the catalytic sites of the activities are overlapped. Mutational effects on the viral accumulation in Chenopodium quinoa indicated that the activities manifested by the domain are required for BaMV survival. Results also suggest that Q826 in motif V plays an additional role in preventing tight binding to ATP, which would otherwise decrease further RNA 5′-triphosphatase, leading to demise of the virus in plant. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0042682207003492 doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2007.05.013 id: cord-007682-01iom9al author: Harrigan, Jeanine title: Monitoring Target Engagement of Deubiquitylating Enzymes Using Activity Probes: Past, Present, and Future date: 2016-09-10 words: 5506.0 sentences: 259.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-007682-01iom9al.txt txt: ./txt/cord-007682-01iom9al.txt summary: An alternative to classical activity probes containing a full ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like polypeptide is based on the use of small molecule inhibitors to label the catalytic site of desumoylating enzymes (sentrin-specifi c proteases, SENPs ). Indeed, the complexity of the recognition site of DUBs, which requires the binding of full-length ubiquitin in the catalytic site as well as the challenges in the characterization of potent and selective DUB inhibitors , has hindered production of ABPs for DUBs. However, following on from the ground-breaking evolution of cell-permeable and in vivo-compatible activity-based imaging probes developed for other proteases such as caspases or cathepsins [ 69 , 70 ] , the next generation of probes for DUBs will certainly be agents that enable direct visualization and quantifi cation of DUB activity in vivo. abstract: Deubiquitylating enzymes or DUBs are a class of enzymes that selectively remove the polypeptide posttranslational modification ubiquitin from a number of substrates. Approximately 100 DUBs exist in human cells and are involved in key regulatory cellular processes, which drive many disease states, making them attractive therapeutic targets. Several aspects of DUB biology have been studied through genetic knock-out or knock-down, genomic, or proteomic studies. However, investigation of enzyme activation and regulation requires additional tools to monitor cellular and physiological dynamics. A comparison between genetic ablation and dominant-negative target validation with pharmacological inhibition often leads to striking discrepancies. Activity probes have been used to profile classes of enzymes, including DUBs, and allow functional and dynamic properties to be assigned to individual proteins. The ability to directly monitor DUB activity within a native biological system is essential for understanding the physiological and pathological role of individual DUBs. We will discuss the evolution of DUB activity probes, from in vitro assay development to their use in monitoring DUB activity in cells and in animal tissues, as well as recent progress and prospects for assessing DUB inhibition in vivo. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120244/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3756-1_26 id: cord-252108-04xr5xdl author: Havrylyuk, Dmytro title: Synthesis and biological activity evaluation of 5-pyrazoline substituted 4-thiazolidinones date: 2013-06-06 words: 3454.0 sentences: 210.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-252108-04xr5xdl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-252108-04xr5xdl.txt summary: The screening of antitrypanosomal and antiviral activities of 5-(3-naphthalen-2-yl-5-aryl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)-thiazolidine-2,4-diones was carried out with the promising influence of the mentioned compounds on Trypanosoma brucei, but minimal effect on SARS coronavirus and influenza types A and B viruses. The most promising compound in series of aryl-4-oxothiazolylhydrazones was shown to be very active at non-cytotoxic concentrations in in vitro assays against Trypanosoma cruzi cell cultures and exhibited potency comparable with the reference compounds (IC 50 (Y strain) ¼ 0.3 mM) [9] . Aiming at the detailed elaboration of SAR, especially the influence of the linking group of thiazolidinoneepyrazoline conjugates on the anticancer activity, 5-[2-(3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)-2oxoethylidene]-thiazolidine-2,4-diones (4ae4f) were synthesized by the method, described previously [29] . The cytotoxic and/or growth inhibitory effects of the most active selected compounds were tested in vitro against the full panel of human tumor cell lines at concentrations ranging from 10 À4 to 10 À8 M. abstract: A series of novel 5-pyrazoline substituted 4-thiazolidinones have been synthesized. Target compounds were evaluated for their anticancer activity in vitro within DTP NCI protocol. Among the tested compounds, the derivatives 4d and 4f were found to be the most active, which demonstrated certain sensitivity profile toward the leukemia subpanel cell lines with GI(50) value ranges of 2.12–4.58 μM (4d) and 1.64–3.20 μM (4f). The screening of antitrypanosomal and antiviral activities of 5-(3-naphthalen-2-yl-5-aryl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)-thiazolidine-2,4-diones was carried out with the promising influence of the mentioned compounds on Trypanosoma brucei, but minimal effect on SARS coronavirus and influenza types A and B viruses. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23811085/ doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.05.044 id: cord-307983-gjdza9bh author: Hawdon, James title: Cybercrime in America amid COVID-19: the Initial Results from a Natural Experiment date: 2020-06-10 words: 6048.0 sentences: 289.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-307983-gjdza9bh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-307983-gjdza9bh.txt summary: Thus, while more motivated offenders being online is likely to elevate rates of cybervictimization, the overall patterns are likely more affected by changes in target suitability and guardianship that result from the pandemic. These "dangerous" online routines would include surfing the dark web, playing online video games, online shopping, and visiting social media sites as all of these activities have been reported to increase cybervictimization (Bossler & Holt, 2009; Bossler et al., 2012; Costello et al., 2016; Hawdon et al., 2014; Leukfeldt & Yar, 2016; Navarro & Jasinski, 2012; Reyns et al., 2011; van Wilsem, 2011) . Taking all of these factors together, we would anticipate an increase in cybervictimization amid the COVID-19 pandemic due to more motivated offenders, a change in some "dangerous" online routines, and perhaps less target-hardening. abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has radically altered life, killing hundreds of thousands of people and leading many countries to issue “stay-at-home” orders to contain the virus’s spread. Based on insights from routine activity theory (Cohen & Felson 1979), it is likely that COVID-19 will influence victimization rates as people alter their routines and spend more time at home and less time in public. Yet, the pandemic may affect victimization differently depending on the type of crime as street crimes appear to be decreasing while domestic crimes may be increasing. We consider a third type of crime: cybercrime. Treating the pandemic as a natural experiment, we investigate how the pandemic has affected rates of cybervictimization. We compare pre-pandemic rates of victimization with post-pandemic rates of victimization using datasets designed to track cybercrime. After considering how the pandemic may alter routines and affect cybervictimization, we find that the pandemic has not radically altered cyberroutines nor changed cybervictimization rates. However, a model using routine activity theory to predict cybervictimization offers clear support for the theory’s efficacy both before and after the pandemic. We conclude by considering plausible explanations for our findings. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-020-09534-4 doi: 10.1007/s12103-020-09534-4 id: cord-345695-5vi9wibk author: Hicks, Lorin L. title: A statistical approach to white-nose syndrome surveillance monitoring using acoustic data date: 2020-10-22 words: 5489.0 sentences: 262.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-345695-5vi9wibk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-345695-5vi9wibk.txt summary: From these data, we developed site-specific prediction models for bat activity to account for seasonal and annual temperature variation prior to known occurrence of WNS. We propose this model-based method for future monitoring efforts that could be used to trigger targeted sampling of individual bats or hibernacula for WNS, in areas where traditional disease surveillance approaches are logistically difficult to implement or because of human-wildlife transmission concerns from COVID-19. We predicted that bat populations in the western U.S. would have low levels of activity during winter months, high levels of activity during the summer, and that acoustic monitoring could be used as an effective approach for disease surveillance in remote areas of the Intermountain West. The model was fit to data from all 41 sites to estimate among-site and among-year variation in activity, but we use the results to generate prediction intervals for four forest sites to depict how a landowner might implement this approach for WNS surveillance monitoring. abstract: Traditional pathogen surveillance methods for white-nose syndrome (WNS), the most serious threat to hibernating North American bats, focus on fungal presence where large congregations of hibernating bats occur. However, in the western USA, WNS-susceptible bat species rarely assemble in large numbers and known winter roosts are uncommon features. WNS increases arousal frequency and activity of infected bats during hibernation. Our objective was to explore the effectiveness of acoustic monitoring as a surveillance tool for WNS. We propose a non-invasive approach to model pre-WNS baseline activity rates for comparison with future acoustic data after WNS is suspected to occur. We investigated relationships among bat activity, ambient temperatures, and season prior to presence of WNS across forested sites of Montana, USA where WNS was not known to occur. We used acoustic monitors to collect bat activity and ambient temperature data year-round on 41 sites, 2011–2019. We detected a diverse bat community across managed (n = 4) and unmanaged (n = 37) forest sites and recorded over 5.37 million passes from bats, including 13 identified species. Bats were active year-round, but positive associations between average of the nightly temperatures by month and bat activity were strongest in spring and fall. From these data, we developed site-specific prediction models for bat activity to account for seasonal and annual temperature variation prior to known occurrence of WNS. These prediction models can be used to monitor changes in bat activity that may signal potential presence of WNS, such as greater than expected activity in winter, or less than expected activity during summer. We propose this model-based method for future monitoring efforts that could be used to trigger targeted sampling of individual bats or hibernacula for WNS, in areas where traditional disease surveillance approaches are logistically difficult to implement or because of human-wildlife transmission concerns from COVID-19. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33091068/ doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241052 id: cord-320693-de1lmzl1 author: Hu, Han title: Antiviral activity of Piscidin 1 against pseudorabies virus both in vitro and in vivo date: 2019-07-31 words: 5052.0 sentences: 320.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-320693-de1lmzl1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-320693-de1lmzl1.txt summary: METHODS: In this study, we evaluated the activities of five broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against several important swine-origin pathogenic viruses by TCID(50) assay. The pathogenic viruses isolated from pigs including pseudorabies virus (PRV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), and rotavirus (RV) are commonly observed in China. In this study, we investigated the activity of five AMPs including piscidin, caerin, maculatin, lactoferricin B, and indolicidin against several porcine-origin viruses. The antiviral effects of the peptides (maculatin, caerin, piscidin, lactoferricin B, indolicidin) were investigated in vitro against several viral pathogens that severely threaten the porcine industry. Three peptides (caerin, piscidin, maculatin) exhibited inhibitory activity against PRV, PEDV, TGEV, PRRSV, and rotavirus. Our plaque reduction assay result indicated that piscidin, caerin, and maculatin could inhibit PRV by directly interacting with the virus. abstract: BACKGROUND: Swine-origin virus infection spreading widely could cause significant economic loss to porcine industry. Novel antiviral agents need to be developed to control this situation. METHODS: In this study, we evaluated the activities of five broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against several important swine-origin pathogenic viruses by TCID(50) assay. Plaque reduction assay and cell apoptosis assay were also used to test the activity of the peptides. Protection effect of piscidin against pseudorabies virus (PRV) was also examined in mouse model. RESULTS: Piscidin (piscidin 1), caerin (caerin 1.1) and maculatin (maculatin 1.1) could inhibit PRV by direct interaction with the virus particles in a dose-dependent manner and they could also protect the cells from PRV-induced apoptosis. Among the peptides tested, piscidin showed the strongest activity against PRV. Moreover, in vivo assay showed that piscidin can reduce the mortality of mice infected with PRV. CONCLUSION: In vitro and in vivo experiments indicate that piscidin has antiviral activity against PRV. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-019-1199-4 doi: 10.1186/s12985-019-1199-4 id: cord-353815-w35spqqt author: Huan, Yuchen title: Antimicrobial Peptides: Classification, Design, Application and Research Progress in Multiple Fields date: 2020-10-16 words: 12266.0 sentences: 623.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353815-w35spqqt.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353815-w35spqqt.txt summary: This review introduces the progress of research on AMPs comprehensively and systematically, including their classification, mechanism of action, design methods, environmental factors affecting their activity, application status, prospects in various fields and problems to be solved. Tryptophan (Trp), as a non-polar amino acid, has a remarkable effect on the interface region of the lipid bilayer, whereas Arg, as a basic amino acid, confers peptide charge and hydrogen bond interactions, which are essential properties to combine with the bacterial membrane''s abundant anionic component. And it seems that Trp residues play the role of natural aromatic activators of Arg-rich AMPs by ion-pair-π interactions (Walrant et al., 2020) , thereby promoting enhanced peptide-membrane interactions (Chan et al., 2006) . Furthermore, L4H4, which is designed based on the linear cationic amphiphilic peptide magainin, also shows good antibacterial activity and cell penetration properties by inserting four histidine sequences in leucine and alanine (Lointier et al., 2020) . abstract: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of small peptides that widely exist in nature and they are an important part of the innate immune system of different organisms. AMPs have a wide range of inhibitory effects against bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and the increasing of concerns about the use of antibiotics resulted in the development of AMPs, which have a good application prospect in medicine, food, animal husbandry, agriculture and aquaculture. This review introduces the progress of research on AMPs comprehensively and systematically, including their classification, mechanism of action, design methods, environmental factors affecting their activity, application status, prospects in various fields and problems to be solved. The research progress on antivirus peptides, especially anti-coronavirus (COVID-19) peptides, has been introduced given the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide in 2020. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33178164/ doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.582779 id: cord-338727-1kodz527 author: Ilinskaya, O. N. title: Ribonucleases as antiviral agents date: 2014-10-11 words: 4605.0 sentences: 227.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-338727-1kodz527.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338727-1kodz527.txt summary: Many ribonucleases (RNases) are able to inhibit the reproduction of viruses in infected cell cultures and laboratory animals, but the molecular mechanisms of their antiviral activity remain unclear. Therefore, the formation of RNA fragments enhanced by RNase L, followed by their interaction with RIG I and MDA5, activates transcription factor NF κB and triggers transcription of interferon β gene, which prevents virus replication and stimulates the growth of immune system cells [9] . Previously, onconase, an RNases from oocytes of the leopard frog Rana pipiens, efficiently suppresses the replication of HIV 1 due to the selective degrada tion of viral RNA, which exhibits no pronounced cytotoxic effect on infected human cells [22] . At the first stage, when binase meets the virus outside cell, its catalytic activity is not inhibited by the natural RNase and it may destroy viral RNA (Fig. 3, C) . Ribonucleases in HIV type 1 inhibition: Effect of recombinant RNases on infection of primary T cells and immune activation induced RNase gene and protein expression abstract: Many ribonucleases (RNases) are able to inhibit the reproduction of viruses in infected cell cultures and laboratory animals, but the molecular mechanisms of their antiviral activity remain unclear. The review discusses the well-known RNases that possess established antiviral effects, including both intracellular RNases (RNase L, MCPIP1 protein, and eosinophil-associated RNases) and exogenous RNases (RNase A, BS-RNase, onconase, binase, and synthetic RNases). Attention is paid to two important, but not always obligatory, aspects of molecules of RNases that have antiviral properties, i.e., catalytic activity and ability to dimerize. The hypothetic scheme of virus elimination by exogenous RNases that reflects possible types of interaction of viruses and RNases with a cell is proposed. The evidence for RNases as classical components of immune defense and thus perspective agents for the development of new antiviral therapeutics is proposed. url: https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026893314040050 doi: 10.1134/s0026893314040050 id: cord-303646-uxewsyli author: Janas, Roman M. title: Further Studies on Aminopeptidase-M in Blood in Children with Cholestatic Liver Diseases and Viral Hepatitis date: 1999 words: 4601.0 sentences: 284.0 pages: flesch: 71.0 cache: ./cache/cord-303646-uxewsyli.txt txt: ./txt/cord-303646-uxewsyli.txt summary: Recently, we have shown that in childre n with chole stasis of diffe ring e tiologie s incre ase d se rum met-enkephalin occurs concom itantly with highly ele vate d se rum aminope ptidase -M activity and that both parame ters were appare ntly not affe cted by a short-te rm treatment with ursode oxycholic acid (39, 40) . There fore , in this study we attempted to furthe r characterize and compare the serum aminope ptidase -M activity in he althy childre n, childre n with chole static live r dise ase , and childre n with chronic or acute he patitis due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infe ction. As shown in Figure 2a , the e nzyme activity increased from 45 6 5 (undilute d se rum, pH 7.4) up to maxim al value s of 880 6 90 pg/min/ml (80-fold dilute d serum; value s are means 6 SEM) . abstract: Aim of this study was to determine and furthercharacterize the serum aminopeptidase-M in children withliver diseases. Based on our new assay, we have showntwo fractions of the enzyme. Activity of the first fraction is expressed in undiluted serumat pH adjusted from 8.5 (pH of storaged serum) to 7.4.Activity of the second fraction (cryptic activity)appears in the serum (pH 7.4) as a result of dilution and/or addition of aniline naphthalene sulfonicacid. In children with Alagille syndrome, extrahepaticbiliary duct atresia, Byler's disease, and acutehepatitis due to hepatitis B virus infection, activities of both fractions are highly elevated ascompared to healthy children or those with chronic viralhepatitis. Moreover, serum aminopeptidase-M seems toreflect other aspects of the pathological process than those reflected by the alanine aminotransferaseand gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase. Due to increasedactivity and broad substrate specificity, the enzymeseems to be also a cofactor of cholestasis andhepatitis. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9952239/ doi: 10.1023/a:1026626822298 id: cord-274506-fzcuu4ma author: Jo, Seri title: Characteristics of flavonoids as potent MERS‐CoV 3C‐like protease inhibitors date: 2019-09-12 words: 4210.0 sentences: 247.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-274506-fzcuu4ma.txt txt: ./txt/cord-274506-fzcuu4ma.txt summary: While PLpro cuts the first three cleavage sites of its polyprotein, 3CLpro is responsible for cleavage of the remaining eleven locations resulting in release of a total of 16 non-structural proteins (nsp) in both SARS-and MERS-CoVs. The homodimeric form of 3CLpro is active in the presence of substrates. In this study, we used a proteolytic method to probe MERS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitory compounds with a synthetic peptide labelled with the EDANS-DABCYL FRET (Fluorescence resonance energy transfer) pair (Liu et al., 2005) . The proteolytic assay using MERS-CoV 3CLpro in the presence of Triton X-100 has been performed to differentiate artificial inhibitory activity of chemicals through non-specific binding with proteases by forming aggregate or complexation. The four compounds showed the severely reduced fluorescent intensity and thus represented their MERS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitory activity. In this study, we assayed the inhibitory activity of various flavonoids against MERS-CoV 3CLpro. The analysis of the four compounds with their homologs using an induced-fit docking study provided an insight of flavonoid scaffolds required to bind with MERS-CoV 3CLpro. abstract: Middle East respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) is a zoonotic virus transmitted between animals and human beings. It causes MERS with high mortality rate. However, no vaccine or specific treatment is currently available. Since antiviral activity of some flavonoids is known, we applied a flavonoid library to probe inhibitory compounds against MERS‐CoV 3C‐like protease (3CLpro). Herbacetin, isobavachalcone, quercetin 3‐β‐d‐glucoside and helichrysetin were found to block the enzymatic activity of MERS‐CoV 3CLpro. The binding of the four flavonoids was also confirmed independently using a tryptophan‐based fluorescence method. The systematic comparison of the binding affinity of flavonoids made it possible to infer their scaffolds and functional groups required to bind with MERS‐CoV 3CLpro. An induced‐fit docking analysis revealed that S1 and S2 sites play a role in interaction with flavonoids. The experimental and computational study showed that flavonol and chalcone are favourite scaffolds to bind with the catalytic site of MERS‐CoV 3CLpro. It was also deduced that some flavonoid derivatives with hydrophobic or carbohydrate attached to their core structures have a good inhibitory effect. Therefore, we suggest that flavonoids with these characteristics can be used as templates to develop potent MERS‐CoV 3CLpro inhibitors. url: https://doi.org/10.1111/cbdd.13604 doi: 10.1111/cbdd.13604 id: cord-270424-8yhsjbmi author: Kang, Dongwei title: First discovery of novel 3-hydroxy-quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones as specific anti-vaccinia and adenovirus agents via ‘privileged scaffold’ refining approach date: 2016-11-01 words: 1902.0 sentences: 101.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-270424-8yhsjbmi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-270424-8yhsjbmi.txt summary: 27 In this context, in view of the above fact and to discover completely new anti-vaccinia and adenovirus agents with a novel skeleton and unique mode of action, a relatively small library of 6-(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3-hydroxyquinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione compounds (the general formula in Scheme 1) was constructed via the copper(I)-catalyzed azidealkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction 28 and the biological significance of the novel synthesized quinazolines was highlighted by evaluating them in cell culturebased antiviral high-throughput screening (HTS) assays against a broad panel of DNA viruses, retroviruses and several RNA viruses. The newly synthesized 1,2,3-triazole-linked 3-hydroxy-quinazoline-2,4 (1H,3H)-diones were performed to evaluate against their antiviral activity against a broad panel of DNA virus, including Herpes simplex virus-1 (KOS), Herpes simplex virus-2 (G), Herpes simplex virus-1 TKKOS ACVr, vaccinia virus and Adeno virus-2 (evaluated in infected human embryonic lung fibroblast (HEL) cells). In conclusion, a series of novel 1,2,3-triazole-containing 3hydroxy-quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones has been synthesized using CuAAC reaction, and was firstly identified as potent and specific vaccinia and adenovirus inhibitors in vitro. abstract: A series of 1,2,3-triazolyl 3-hydroxy-quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones was constructed utilizing Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC) method. The biological significance of the novel synthesized quinazolines was highlighted by evaluating them in vitro for antiviral activity, wherein several compounds exhibited excellent activity specifically against vaccinia and adenovirus. Especially, 24b11 displayed the most potent inhibitory activity against vaccinia with an EC(50) value of 1.7 μM, which was 15 fold than that of the reference drug Cidofovir (EC(50) = 25 μM). 24b13 was the most potent compound against adenovirus-2 with an EC(50) value of 6.2 μM, which proved lower than all the reference drugs. Preliminary structure–activity relationships were also discussed. To the best of our knowledge, no data are present in the literature on antiviral activity of 3-hydroxy-quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones against DNA-viruses. Thus, these findings warrant further investigations (library expansion and compound refinement) on this novel class of antiviral agents. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0960894X16310204 doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.09.071 id: cord-286303-wo6356vq author: Khanna, Varun title: Prediction of novel mouse TLR9 agonists using a random forest approach date: 2019-12-20 words: 6153.0 sentences: 320.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-286303-wo6356vq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-286303-wo6356vq.txt summary: In the current study, we present a machine learning based method for predicting novel mouse TLR9 (mTLR9) agonists based on features including count and position of motifs, the distance between the motifs and graphically derived features such as the radius of gyration and moment of Inertia. We therefore selected RF with the 20-fold cross-validation scheme, having maximum mean balanced accuracy and MCC and minimum standard deviation on both measures, to perform the Fig. 2 The effect of top 20 motifs in the high (a) and low (b) mTLR9 activity group of ODNs in the dataset. Our RF model predicted 545 of these 6000 random ODNs to be of high activity and we selected the top 100 for chemical synthesis, and then experimental tested them for mTLR9 activity using the RAW-Blue reporter cell line that expresses mTLR. The test dataset used to evaluate the performance of a model was composed of 46 ODNs (23 each from the two groups of high and low mTLR9 activity). abstract: BACKGROUND: Toll-like receptor 9 is a key innate immune receptor involved in detecting infectious diseases and cancer. TLR9 activates the innate immune system following the recognition of single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated cytosine-guanine (CpG) motifs. Due to the considerable number of rotatable bonds in ODNs, high-throughput in silico screening for potential TLR9 activity via traditional structure-based virtual screening approaches of CpG ODNs is challenging. In the current study, we present a machine learning based method for predicting novel mouse TLR9 (mTLR9) agonists based on features including count and position of motifs, the distance between the motifs and graphically derived features such as the radius of gyration and moment of Inertia. We employed an in-house experimentally validated dataset of 396 single-stranded synthetic ODNs, to compare the results of five machine learning algorithms. Since the dataset was highly imbalanced, we used an ensemble learning approach based on repeated random down-sampling. RESULTS: Using in-house experimental TLR9 activity data we found that random forest algorithm outperformed other algorithms for our dataset for TLR9 activity prediction. Therefore, we developed a cross-validated ensemble classifier of 20 random forest models. The average Matthews correlation coefficient and balanced accuracy of our ensemble classifier in test samples was 0.61 and 80.0%, respectively, with the maximum balanced accuracy and Matthews correlation coefficient of 87.0% and 0.75, respectively. We confirmed common sequence motifs including ‘CC’, ‘GG’,‘AG’, ‘CCCG’ and ‘CGGC’ were overrepresented in mTLR9 agonists. Predictions on 6000 randomly generated ODNs were ranked and the top 100 ODNs were synthesized and experimentally tested for activity in a mTLR9 reporter cell assay, with 91 of the 100 selected ODNs showing high activity, confirming the accuracy of the model in predicting mTLR9 activity. CONCLUSION: We combined repeated random down-sampling with random forest to overcome the class imbalance problem and achieved promising results. Overall, we showed that the random forest algorithm outperformed other machine learning algorithms including support vector machines, shrinkage discriminant analysis, gradient boosting machine and neural networks. Due to its predictive performance and simplicity, the random forest technique is a useful method for prediction of mTLR9 ODN agonists. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12860-019-0241-0 doi: 10.1186/s12860-019-0241-0 id: cord-291559-h6czy5bh author: Koirala, Prashamsa title: Recent advances in pharmacological research on Ecklonia species: a review date: 2017-08-24 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The genus Ecklonia (Lessoniaceae, Phaeophyceae), commonly called kelp (brown algae), is abundant on the coasts of Japan and Korea. During the past few decades, Ecklonia species have received tremendous attention for their wide range of therapeutic properties and multiple health benefits, such as great nutritional value and being rich in vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, proteins, and polysaccharides. Several novel functional ingredients with diversified biological activities have been isolated and possess antimicrobial, antiviral, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory, hypolipidemic, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant therapeutic properties. The present review discusses the phytochemical, pharmacological, therapeutic, nutritional, and health benefits of different species of genus Ecklonia, as well as their use in the prevention of disease and maintenance of good health. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-017-0948-4 doi: 10.1007/s12272-017-0948-4 id: cord-257749-eyhsc8q8 author: Koul, Bhupendra title: Genus Psoralea: A review of the traditional and modern uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology date: 2019-03-25 words: 11077.0 sentences: 653.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-257749-eyhsc8q8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-257749-eyhsc8q8.txt summary: These bioactive compounds belong to different chemical classes, including flavonoids, coumarins, furanocoumarins, chalcones, quinines, terpenoids and some others due to which these species exhibit significant anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-helmintic, anti-diabetic, diuretic, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer and anti-tumor activities. The active compound, bakuchiol (155) is a monoterpene phenol, has been obtained in a pure state and named after Sanskrit name of the plant (Mehta et al., 1973) and possess the potent anti-bacterial property (Satyavati et al., 1987) . corylifolia, several bioactive compounds such as bakuchiol (155), psoralen (92), isopsoralen (2), corylin (187), corylifolin (185) and psoralidin (228) were screened for their anti-oxidant potential. Studies on extraction and isolation of active constituents from Psoralea corylifolia and the anti-tumor effect of the constituents in vitro Anti-fungal activity of aqueous and solvent extracts of seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L. abstract: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The genus Psoralea (Fabaceae) harbours 105 accepted species that are extensively used by local peoples and medicinal practitioners of China, India, and other countries for treatment of tooth decay, psoriasis, leucoderma, leprosy, kidney problems, tuberculosis, indigestion, constipation and impotence. Presently, pharmacological research reports are available on only few species namely Bituminaria bituminosa (Syn: P. bituminosa), P. canescens, P. corylifolia, P. esculenta, P. plicata and P. glandulosa which are valued for their chemical constituents and traditional uses. AIM OF THE REVIEW: This review article provides explicit information on traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of selected Psoralea species. The possible trends and perspectives for future research on these plants are also discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An extensive and systematic review of the extant literature was carried out, and the data under various sections were identified using a computerized bibliographic search via the PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar, CAB Abstracts, MEDLINE, EMBASE, INMEDPLAN, NATTS as well as several websites. KEY FINDINGS: A total of 291 bioactive compounds from 06 species of genus Psoralea have been isolated and characterized. However, P. bituminosa alone possess nearly 150 compounds. These bioactive compounds belong to different chemical classes, including flavonoids, coumarins, furanocoumarins, chalcones, quinines, terpenoids and some others due to which these species exhibit significant anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-helmintic, anti-diabetic, diuretic, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer and anti-tumor activities. P. corylifolia L. (Babchi), a Chinese traditional medicinal plant has been used in traditional medicine for many decades for its healing properties against numerous skin diseases such as leprosy, psoriasis and leucoderma. CONCLUSIONS: The in vitro studies and in vivo models have provided a simple bio-scientific justification for various ethnopharmacological uses of Psoralea species. From the toxicological perspective, the root, leaf, and seed extracts and their preparations have been proven to be safe when consumed in the recommended doses. But, meticulous studies on the pharmaceutical standardization, mode of action of the active constituents, and sustainable conservation of Psoralea species are needed, to meet the growing demands of the pharmaceutical industries, and to fully exploit their preventive and therapeutic potentials. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874118313783 doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.036 id: cord-270037-tq82srhn author: Kramer, Holger B. title: Detection of ubiquitin–proteasome enzymatic activities in cells: Application of activity-based probes to inhibitor development() date: 2012-05-19 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Background: Synthetic probes that mimic natural substrates can enable the detection of enzymatic activities in a cellular environment. One area where such activity-based probes have been applied is the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway, which is emerging as an important therapeutic target. A family of reagents has been developed that specifically label deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) and facilitate characterization of their inhibitors. Scope of review: Here we focus on the application of probes for intracellular DUBs, a group of specific proteases involved in the ubiquitin proteasome system. In particular, the functional characterization of the active subunits of this family of proteases that specifically recognize ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins will be discussed. In addition we present the potential and design of activity-based probes targeting kinases and phosphatases to study phosphorylation. Major conclusions: Synthetic molecular probes have increased our understanding of the functional role of DUBs in living cells. In addition to the detection of enzymatic activities of known members, activity-based probes have contributed to a number of functional assignments of previously uncharacterized enzymes. This method enables cellular validation of the specificity of small molecule DUB inhibitors. General significance: Molecular probes combined with mass spectrometry-based proteomics and cellular assays represent a powerful approach for discovery and functional validation, a concept that can be expanded to other enzyme classes. This addresses a need for more informative cell-based assays that are required to accelerate the drug development process. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Ubiquitin Drug Discovery and Diagnostics. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.05.014 doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.05.014 id: cord-016089-h122of8q author: Li, Haixia title: Lonicera japonica Thunb 金银花 (Jinyinhua, Honey Suckle) date: 2015-02-19 words: 2832.0 sentences: 140.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-016089-h122of8q.txt txt: ./txt/cord-016089-h122of8q.txt summary: Among them, chlorogenic acid is received considerable attention for its part in the human diet with potential biological effects [5] , and is used as a standard compound for evaluation of the quality of Jinyinhua and related pharmaceutical or natural health product containing the herb. Chlorogenic acid and luteoloside, officially used as the indicator compound to characterize the quality of this herb and its related preparations, were shown to have beneficial effects in the aspects of anti-oxidation and antitumor [1, 13] . Meanwhile, luteolin, another major flavonoid in Jinyinhua, and volatile oil also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity. They are mainly used for the treatment of fever, cough, sore throat, acute and chronic tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis through its function clearing away the heat and toxic material, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. Because Jinyinhua is an edible herb and commonly used as raw material in health food, clinical reports on the toxicity or side effects were done to determine its safety at least 10 years ago. abstract: Jinyinhua, a sprawling and twining lianas in the family of Caprifoliaceae, is a popular Chinese herbal medicine used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and as a well-known dietary supplement that has been used for many centuries. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120270/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-211-99448-1_78 id: cord-340879-gu91cact author: Li, Miao title: Isolation and Characterization of a Phaseolus vulgaris Trypsin Inhibitor with Antiproliferative Activity on Leukemia and Lymphoma Cells date: 2017-01-23 words: 4150.0 sentences: 228.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-340879-gu91cact.txt txt: ./txt/cord-340879-gu91cact.txt summary: title: Isolation and Characterization of a Phaseolus vulgaris Trypsin Inhibitor with Antiproliferative Activity on Leukemia and Lymphoma Cells The intent of the present study was to isolate a trypsin inhibitor from the gold bean and to test it for inhibitory action on tumor cells, viral enzymes, and fungal growth. Gold bean trypsin inhibitor is also devoid of any inhibitory effect on HIV-1 integrase and SARS coronavirus proteinase. Gold bean trypsin inhibitor is also devoid of any inhibitory effect on HIV-1 integrase and SARS coronavirus proteinase. A lectin, an antifungal protein and a trypsin inhibitor can be isolated from the gold bean [24, 25] . A homodimeric sporamin-type trypsin inhibitor with antiproliferative, hiv reverse transcriptase-inhibitory and antifungal activities from wampee (clausena lansium) seeds The isolation of two proteins, glycoprotein i and a trypsin inhibitor, from the seeds of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) abstract: A 17.5-kDa trypsin inhibitor was purified from Phaseolus vulgaris cv. “gold bean” with an isolation protocol including ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose (Diethylaminoethyl-cellulose), affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on SP-sepharose (Sulfopropyl-sepharose), and gel filtration by FPLC (Fast protein liquid chromatography) on Superdex 75. It dose-dependently inhibited trypsin with an IC(50) value of 0.4 μM, and this activity was reduced in the presence of dithiothreitol in a dose- and time-dependent manner, signifying the importance of the disulfide linkage to the activity. It inhibited [methyl-(3)H] thymidine incorporation by leukemia L1210 cells and lymphoma MBL2 cells with an IC(50) value of 2.3 μM and 2.5 μM, respectively. The inhibitor had no effect on fungal growth and the activities of various viral enzymes when tested up to 100 μM. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28125005/ doi: 10.3390/molecules22010187 id: cord-276166-b1e0bbrp author: Li, Shi-fang title: Interferon-omega: Current status in clinical applications date: 2017-10-12 words: 7734.0 sentences: 365.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-276166-b1e0bbrp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-276166-b1e0bbrp.txt summary: Previous studies showed that glycosylated IFN-ω + ribavirin (RBV) had a synergistic effect in terms of its antiviral activity in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients [43] . [49] showed that interleukin (IL)-6 production was affected considerably in feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected cats treated with recombinant feline IFN-ω (rFeIFN-ω) by subcutaneous or oral protocols. Because of its antiviral, immunomodulatory, anti-proliferation, and antitumor activities, IFN-ω has been explored as a treatment option for some diseases and viral infections in humans and other animals. Evaluation of viremia, proviral load and cytokine profile in naturally feline immunodeficiency virus infected cats treated with two different protocols of recombinant feline interferon omega Limited efficacy of topical recombinant feline interferon-omega for treatment of cats with acute upper respiratory viral disease Oral recombinant feline interferon-omega as an alternative immune modulation therapy in FIV positive cats: clinical and laboratory evaluation abstract: Since 1985, interferon (IFN)-ω, a type I IFN, has been identified in many animals, but not canines and mice. It has been demonstrated to have antiviral, anti-proliferation, and antitumor activities that are similar to those of IFN-α. To date, IFN-ω has been explored as a treatment option for some diseases or viral infections in humans and other animals. Studies have revealed that human IFN-ω displays antitumor activities in some models of human cancer cells and that it can be used to diagnose some diseases. While recombinant feline IFN-ω has been licensed in several countries for treating canine parvovirus, feline leukemia virus, and feline immunodeficiency virus infections, it also exhibits a certain efficacy when used to treat other viral infections or diseases. This review examines the known biological activity of IFN-ω and its clinical applications. We expect that the information provided in this review will stimulate further studies of IFN-ω as a therapeutic agent. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567576917303351 doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.08.028 id: cord-017504-rtg7fs82 author: Lim, T. K. title: Punica granatum date: 2012-11-03 words: 31236.0 sentences: 1613.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-017504-rtg7fs82.txt txt: ./txt/cord-017504-rtg7fs82.txt summary: The results suggested that the aril juice the major and tasty part of pomegranate fruit, did not contain ellagic acid and punicalagin (i.e. the polyphenols highly represented in the rind which appeared to be responsible for the antioxidant capacity) in amounts suf fi cient to exert cytoprotection in oxidatively injured, living cells. After consumption of pomegranate juice, fruit peel, aril and fl ower extracts the atherosclerotic lesion area in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein e-de fi cient (E 0) mice was signi fi cantly decreased by 44, 38, 39, 6, or 70%, respectively, as compared to placebo-treated group, while pomegranate seed oil had no effect. Further in-vitro studies showed that Punica granatum fl ower extract and its components oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, and gallic acid inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-kappaB activation in macrophages. In-vitro studies using normal human epidermal keratinocytes, showed that pre-treatment with pomegranate fruit extract rich in anthocyannins and hydrolyzable tannins protected against the adverse effects of UV-B radiation by inhibiting UV-B-induced modulations of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways (Afaq et al. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7122081/ doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-5653-3_10 id: cord-102632-yazl9usb author: Lobet, Guillaume title: QuoVidi: a open-source web application for the organisation of large scale biological treasure hunts date: 2020-07-01 words: 4496.0 sentences: 278.0 pages: flesch: 63.0 cache: ./cache/cord-102632-yazl9usb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-102632-yazl9usb.txt summary: To assemble these different elements -biological vocabulary, observation, active learning and gamification -in a comprehensive learning activity, we created a large scale biological treasure hunt for our students. Educators also have the possibility to define specific game parameters, such as specific geographic regions in which the game takes place or restriction on the number of submissions in each quest group (adding for instance a point penalty below a certain number of "animal" or "plant" submissions). Once pictures are stored on the web interface, students can assign them to a specific quest and submit it for evaluation. The web application allows users to follow their progress in detail (which picture was submitted for which quest, what is the evaluation status, etc.) as well as the global progress of the other groups (the total number of collected points). More precisely, in the photo quiz module, students are presented with pictures submitted by other groups and validated by the educators (see below "Expert evaluation). abstract: Learning biology, and in particular systematics, requires learning a substantial amount of specific vocabulary, both for botanical and zoological studies. While crucial, the precise identification of structures serving as evolutionary traits and systematic criteria is not per se a highly motivating task for students. Teaching this in a traditional teaching setting is quite challenging especially with a large crowd of students to be kept engaged. This is even more difficult if, as during the COVID-19 crisis, students are not allowed to access laboratories for hands-on observation on fresh specimens and sometimes restricted to short-range movements outside their home. Here we present QuoVidi, a new open-source web platform for the organisation of large scale treasure hunts. The platform works as follows: students, organised in teams, receive a list of quests that contain morphologic, ecologic or systematic terms. They have to first understand the meaning of the quests, then go and find them in the environment. Once they find the organism corresponding to a quest, they upload a geotagged picture of their finding and submit this on the platform. The correctness of each submission is evaluated by the staff. During the COVID-19 lockdown, previously validated pictures were also submitted for evaluation to students that were locked in low-biodiversity areas. From a research perspective, the system enables the creation of large image databases by the students, similar to citizen-science projects. Beside the enhanced motivation of students to learn the vocabulary and perform observations on self-found specimens, this system allows faculties to remotely follow and assess the work performed by large numbers of students. The interface is freely available, open-source and customizable. It can be used in other disciplines with adapted quests and we expect it to be of interest in many classroom settings. url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.30.177006 doi: 10.1101/2020.06.30.177006 id: cord-328176-fck2ktxi author: Mahapatra, Manojkumar title: Methyl-2-arylidene hydrazinecarbodithioates: synthesis and biological activity date: 2013-02-19 words: 2398.0 sentences: 140.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-328176-fck2ktxi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-328176-fck2ktxi.txt summary: This study examined the cytostatic and antiviral activity of twelve methyl-2-arylidene hydrazinecarbodithioates reported by many researchers as intermediates for the synthesis of thiosemicarbazides and the preparation of their metal complexes. Compounds IIc, IIi, and IIl with tridentate ligand features were found to have the lowest IC(50) value (6.5 μM, ≈ 1 μM, and 0.8 μM, respectively) against HL60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells. Compound IIc and IIl show antiviral activity against wild-type herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and acyclovirresistant HSV; however, these activities were observed at concentrations at which the compounds also markedly inhibit HL60 and HEL cell proliferation. It is interesting to note that preferably compounds with tridentate ligand characteristics (IIl, IIi, and IIc) showed potent anti-proliferative activity against the HL60 cells (Table 3 ). The compounds investigated are known as intermediates in the synthesis of many thiosemicarbazones but their usefulness as medicinally active agents has not yet been studied. abstract: Methyl-2-arylidene hydrazine-carbodithioate has not been of particular interest to researchers even though its metal complexes are extensively reported on due to their biological activity. This study examined the cytostatic and antiviral activity of twelve methyl-2-arylidene hydrazinecarbodithioates reported by many researchers as intermediates for the synthesis of thiosemicarbazides and the preparation of their metal complexes. Compounds IIc, IIi, and IIl with tridentate ligand features were found to have the lowest IC(50) value (6.5 μM, ≈ 1 μM, and 0.8 μM, respectively) against HL60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells. They were also most inhibitory to human embryonic lung (HEL) fibroblast proliferation (5.3 μM, 17 μM, and 2.6 μM). Compound IIc and IIl show antiviral activity against wild-type herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and acyclovirresistant HSV; however, these activities were observed at concentrations at which the compounds also markedly inhibit HL60 and HEL cell proliferation. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32214621/ doi: 10.2478/s11696-013-0346-4 id: cord-330660-tx20im6w author: Mahmoud, Huda K. title: Nano-sized Formazan analogues: Synthesis, structure elucidation, antimicrobial activity and Docking study for COVID-19 date: 2020-10-07 words: 2530.0 sentences: 168.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-330660-tx20im6w.txt txt: ./txt/cord-330660-tx20im6w.txt summary: Molecular docking simulations of the synthesized compounds into leucyl-tRNA synthetase editing domain of Candida albicans suggested that most formazan analogues can fit deeply forming stable complexes in the active site. Inspired by the promising previously reported antimicrobial and antiviral activities of formazans and the urgent need of new effective antimicrobial agent and antiviral drugs to act mainly against COVID-19 and in continuation of our research work in synthesis of bioactive compounds [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] , we synthesized herein a new series of nano-sized formazan analogues to study their potential as antibacterial and antifungal agents in vitro. In this study, molecular docking study of the newly synthesized formazan analogues 3a-f, 5a-h and 7a,b have been performed onto the active site of Candida albicans editing domain of cytosolic leucyl-tRNA synthetase to demonstrate their binding affinity and orientation. abstract: Three series of nanosized-formazan analogues were synthesized from the reaction of dithiazone with various types of α-haloketones (ester and acetyl substituted hydrazonoyl chlorides and phenacyl bromides) in sodium ethoxide solution. The structure and the crystal size of the new synthesized derivatives were assured based on the spectral analyses, XRD and SEM data. The antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated by agar diffusion technique. The results showed mild to moderate antibacterial activities and moderate to potent antifungal activities. Significant antifungal activities were observed for four derivatives 3a, 3d, 5a and 5g on the pathogenic fungal strains; Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans with inhibition zone ranging from 16 to 20 mm. Molecular docking simulations of the synthesized compounds into leucyl-tRNA synthetase editing domain of Candida albicans suggested that most formazan analogues can fit deeply forming stable complexes in the active site. Furthermore, we utilized the docking approach to examine the potential of these compounds to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. The results were very promising verifying these formazan analogues as a hopeful antiviral agents. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045206820316527?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104354 id: cord-287348-00yaxpkp author: Martinez, Maria Jose Abad title: Antiviral Activities of Polysaccharides from Natural Sources date: 2005-12-31 words: 7003.0 sentences: 323.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-287348-00yaxpkp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-287348-00yaxpkp.txt summary: Although many compounds with potent antiviral activity in cell cultures and in experimental animals have been detected, at present only several molecules and a-interferon have been approved by the health authorities for therapy of viral infections in humans. Furthermore, several soluble derivatized dextrans with different percentages of carbomethyl, benzylamide and sulphonate/sulphate groups were also evaluated for possible inhibitory effects on HIV-1 infection, and from the results obtained, their use as anti-HIV therapeutic agents can be proposed [56] . Carrageenans and fucoidan are sulphated PS extracted from red seaweed and brown algae, which have shown potent inhibitory activity against different viruses including HIV. These compounds act as potent inhibitors of different enveloped viruses, including members of Herpesviridae, and their activity is linked to the anionic features of the molecule which hinder the attachment of viral particles to host cells. abstract: Abstract The ever increasing resistance of human pathogens to current anti-infective agents is a serious medical problem, leading to the need to develop novel antibiotic prototype molecules. In the case of viruses, the search for antiviral agents involves additional difficulties, particularly due to the nature of the infectious viral agents. Thus, many compounds that may cause the death of viruses are also very likely to injure the host cell that harbours them. Natural products are increasingly appreciated as leads for drug discovery and development. Screening studies have been carried out in order to find antiviral agents from natural sources, and the occurrence of antiviral activity in extracts of plants, marine organisms and fungi is frequent. The evidence indicates that there may be numerous potentially useful antiviral phytochemicals in nature, waiting to be evaluated and exploited. In addition, other plants, not previously utilized medicinally, may also reveal antivirals. Among natural antiviral agents, recent investigations have reconsidered the interest of phyto-polysaccharides, which act as potent inhibitors of different viruses. This chapter will illustrate a variety of antiviral polysaccharides from natural sources since 1990, with the aim of making this matter more accessible to drug development url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1572599505800389 doi: 10.1016/s1572-5995(05)80038-9 id: cord-271068-rwx171oj author: Mayer, Alejandro M.S. title: Marine pharmacology in 2007–8: Marine compounds with antibacterial, anticoagulant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities; affecting the immune and nervous system, and other miscellaneous mechanisms of action date: 2010-09-03 words: 10049.0 sentences: 552.0 pages: flesch: 36.0 cache: ./cache/cord-271068-rwx171oj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-271068-rwx171oj.txt summary: abstract: The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature in 2007–8 is covered in this review, which follows a similar format to the previous 1998–2006 reviews of this series. The preclinical pharmacology of structurally characterized marine compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is discussed in a comprehensive manner. Antibacterial, anticoagulant, antifungal, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis and antiviral activities were reported for 74 marine natural products. Additionally, 59 marine compounds were reported to affect the cardiovascular, immune and nervous systems as well as to possess anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 65 marine metabolites were shown to bind to a variety of receptors and miscellaneous molecular targets, and thus upon further completion of mechanism of action studies, will contribute to several pharmacological classes. Marine pharmacology research during 2007–8 remained a global enterprise, with researchers from 26 countries, and the United States, contributing to the preclinical pharmacology of 197 marine compounds which are part of the preclinical marine pharmaceuticals pipeline. Sustained preclinical research with marine natural products demonstrating novel pharmacological activities, will probably result in the expansion of the current marine pharmaceutical clinical pipeline, which currently consists of 13 marine natural products, analogs or derivatives targeting a limited number of disease categories. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S1532045610001626 doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2010.08.008 id: cord-328834-yetnlb2j author: Mohsin, Noor ul Amin title: Current Strategies in Development of New Chromone Derivatives with Diversified Pharmacological Activities: A Review date: 2020-06-15 words: 5675.0 sentences: 458.0 pages: flesch: 57.0 cache: ./cache/cord-328834-yetnlb2j.txt txt: ./txt/cord-328834-yetnlb2j.txt summary: Upon in vitro evaluation, compound 10 ( Fig. 3) showed prominent activity (87% growth inhibition) against colon cancer cell line (HCT-116) as compared to fluorouracil (67% inhibition). Derivatives bearing electron withdrawing groups at positions # 5, # 6 and # 7 of chromone scaffold showed better activity. Upon evaluation as anticancer agents by MTT assay, compounds 22 (IC 50 = 1.42 ± 0.13 mM) and 23 (IC 50 = 2.92 ± 0.94 mM) showed prominent in vitro activity versus breast cancer cell line (T47D) as compared to doxorubicin (IC 50 = 0.33 ± 0.05 mM). Incorporation of methyl and ethyl group in the heterocyclic ring showed comparable activity to unsubstituted derivatives [47] . Attachment of methyl group with chromone core also produced less active derivatives [51] . synthesized fluorine-containing chromone and tetrazole hybrid molecules by Ugi-azide reaction [63] These derivatives displayed moderate antimicrobial activity as is evident by compound 51 (MIC = 20 mg/mL) activity versus Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. abstract: Chromone derivatives possess a spectrum of biological activities. Chromone has been recognized as a privileged structure for new drug invention and development. Substitution pattern of chromone scaffold determines different type of biological activities. The type, number and position of substituents connected to the chromone core play a vital role in determining pharmacological activities. In the present review, we have discussed new chromone derivatives as anticancer, anti-diabetic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and as anti-Alzheimer agents. This review deals with the chromone derivatives prepared by combining chromone molecule with various natural and synthetic pharmacophores and pharmacological activities presented by them. The main aim is to highlight the diversified pharmacological activities exhibited by chromone hybrid molecules during the last eight to ten years. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32836513/ doi: 10.1007/s11094-020-02187-x id: cord-011038-5t8az1hf author: Mor, Satbir title: Synthesis, Type II diabetes inhibitory activity, antimicrobial evaluation and docking studies of indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones date: 2019-10-26 words: 5433.0 sentences: 363.0 pages: flesch: 57.0 cache: ./cache/cord-011038-5t8az1hf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-011038-5t8az1hf.txt summary: title: Synthesis, Type II diabetes inhibitory activity, antimicrobial evaluation and docking studies of indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones We report a convenient and efficient synthesis of indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones (4a‒o) by the reaction of a variety of 2-acyl-(1H)-indene-1,3(2H)-diones (1) and 2-hydrazinylbenzo[d]thiazole/2-hydrazinyl-6-substitutedbenzo[d]thiazoles (2) in the presence of glacial acetic acid in good yields. All the synthesized indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones (4a‒o) were assayed for their in vitro Type II diabetes inhibitory activity by using Acarbose as standard drug and in vitro antimicrobial activity utilizing Streptomycin and Fluconazole as reference drugs. 2017; Huang and Huang 2019) and sulfur as heteroatoms and their biological activities herein, we report the synthesis, characterization, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, antimicrobial evaluation and docking studies of several benzothiazole tethered indeno [1,2-c] pyrazol-4(1H)ones (4a-o). In conclusion, the present study describe the synthesis and characterization of heterocyclic frameworks i.e., indeno [1,2-c] pyrazoles (4), and their biological evaluation as inhibitor of α-glucosidase and α-amylase related to Type II diabetes, and antimicrobial activity. abstract: We report a convenient and efficient synthesis of indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones (4a‒o) by the reaction of a variety of 2-acyl-(1H)-indene-1,3(2H)-diones (1) and 2-hydrazinylbenzo[d]thiazole/2-hydrazinyl-6-substitutedbenzo[d]thiazoles (2) in the presence of glacial acetic acid in good yields. The structure of the compounds thus prepared were confirmed by analytical and spectral (FT-IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, and HRMS) techniques. All the synthesized indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones (4a‒o) were assayed for their in vitro Type II diabetes inhibitory activity by using Acarbose as standard drug and in vitro antimicrobial activity utilizing Streptomycin and Fluconazole as reference drugs. Among the synthesized derivatives, 4e (IC(50) = 6.71 μg/mL) was found to be more potent against α-glucosidase enzyme as compared with the standard Acarbose (IC(50) = 9.35 μg/mL) and 4i (IC(50) = 11.90 μg/mL) exhibited good inhibitory activity against α-amylase enzyme as compared with the standard Acarbose (IC(50) = 22.87 μg/mL). Also, all the titled compounds showed good antimicrobial activity. In addition, in vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition were supported by docking studies performed on the derivatives 4e and 4o, respectively. [Image: see text] url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7223412/ doi: 10.1007/s00044-019-02457-8 id: cord-315918-12rbbe8c author: Mukherjee, Pulok K. title: Antiviral Evaluation of Herbal Drugs date: 2019-06-21 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The viral infection and resistance to the existing antiviral drugs are alarming, which is a serious public health concern. Medicinal plants are valuable resources for treatment of viral infections and can be used for the management of infections like herpes simplex virus (HSV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza, etc. The antiviral screening of plant extracts should be highly selective, specific, and sensitive for bioactivity guided isolation of the active compounds from the plant extracts. The antiviral screening system should be validated for accuracy, reproducibility, simplicity, and cost effectiveness. This chapter highlights on various aspects for screening and evaluation of antiviral natural components including factors affecting antiviral in vivo studies, host cells, organisms, and culture media followed by different virus-specific assays for antiviral screening of natural products. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/B9780128133743000168 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813374-3.00016-8 id: cord-339716-1khdh9nf author: Munasinghe, Sithum title: The Impact of Physical Distancing Policies During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health and Well-Being Among Australian Adolescents date: 2020-10-21 words: 4637.0 sentences: 205.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-339716-1khdh9nf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-339716-1khdh9nf.txt summary: RESULTS: After the implementation of physical distancing measures in NSW, there were significant decreases in physical activity (odds ratio [OR] = .53, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .34–.83), increases in social media and Internet use (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.15–3.00), and increased screen time based on participants'' smartphone screen state. Comparisons of participant characteristics between (1) those who completed baseline and follow-up, (2) those who completed EMAs pre-and post-implementation of the physical distancing policy, and (3) those who provided or did not provide sensor are provided in Supplementary Tables 1 and 2 Descriptive plots of trajectories of physical activity were examined over the 22-week follow period, based on daily pedometer data, MBAR, and weekly self-report EMAs. Trajectories of self-reported fruit, vegetable, and fast food consumption were also examined based on weekly EMAs, as were trajectories of psychological well-being based on distress, well-being, and sleep duration. abstract: PURPOSE: Physical distancing policies in the state of New South Wales (Australia) were implemented on March 23, 2020, because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated changes in physical activity, dietary behaviors, and well-being during the early period of this policy. METHODS: A cohort of young people aged 13–19 years from Sydney (N = 582) were prospectively followed for 22 weeks (November 18, 2019, to April 19, 2020). Daily, weekly, and monthly trajectories of diet, physical activity, sedentary behavior, well-being, and psychological distress were collected via smartphone, using a series of ecological momentary assessments and smartphone sensors. Differences in health and well-being outcomes were compared pre- and post-implementation of physical distancing guidelines. RESULTS: After the implementation of physical distancing measures in NSW, there were significant decreases in physical activity (odds ratio [OR] = .53, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .34–.83), increases in social media and Internet use (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.15–3.00), and increased screen time based on participants' smartphone screen state. Physical distancing measures were also associated with being alone in the previous hour (OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.33–3.28), decreases in happiness (OR = .38, 95% CI = .18–.82), and fast food consumption (OR = .46, 95% CI = .29–.73). CONCLUSIONS: Physical distancing and social restrictions had a contemporaneous impact on health and well-being outcomes associated with chronic disease among young people. As the pandemic evolves, it will be important to consider how to mitigate against any longer term health impacts of physical distancing restrictions. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054139X20304912 doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.08.008 id: cord-285856-0sw3wt1i author: Naesens, Lieve title: Anti-influenza virus activity and structure–activity relationship of aglycoristocetin derivatives with cyclobutenedione carrying hydrophobic chains date: 2009-02-05 words: 2963.0 sentences: 149.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-285856-0sw3wt1i.txt txt: ./txt/cord-285856-0sw3wt1i.txt summary: We here report on the chemical synthesis, anti-influenza virus activity and structure-activity relationship of novel glycopeptide compounds carrying a hydrophobic side chain on an aglycoristocetin backbone ( Fig. 1) . b HPLC conditions: instrument: Waters 600 with UV230nm detection; column: Lichrospher RP-8 (4 mm × 250 mm; 10 m); injection volume: 20 l (corresponding to 2 g compound); solvents: Table 2 , several asymmetric squaric diamides derived from aglycoristocetin exerted marked activity against influenza virus, the most potent compounds being the phenylbenzyl derivative 8e [average antiviral EC 50 : 0.4 M; selectivity index (SI), defined as the ratio of MCC to EC 50 : 50]; the hexanol deriva-tive 8a (EC 50 : 1 M; SI: 14) and the naphthyl derivative 8f (EC 50 : 1.4 M; SI: 10). With regard to the antiviral mode of action, time-of-addition studies suggested that 8e blocks the viral entry process, since optimal anti-influenza virus activity was obtained when the compound was added to MDCK cells 30 min prior to or simultaneously with virus infection. abstract: Previous studies have demonstrated that glycopeptide compounds carrying hydrophobic substituents can have favorable pharmacological (i.e. antibacterial and antiviral) properties. We here report on the in vitro anti-influenza virus activity of aglycoristocetin derivatives containing hydrophobic side chain-substituted cyclobutenedione. The lead compound 8e displayed an antivirally effective concentration of 0.4 μM, which was consistent amongst influenza A/H1N1, A/H3N2 and B viruses, and a selectivity index ≥50. Structural analogues derived from aglycovancomycin were found to be inactive. The hydrophobic side chain was shown to be an important determinant of activity. The narrow structure–activity relationship and broad activity against several human influenza viruses suggest a highly conserved interaction site, which is presumably related to the influenza virus entry process. Compound 8e proved to be inactive against several unrelated RNA and DNA viruses, except for varicella-zoster virus, against which a favorable activity was noted. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.01.003 doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.01.003 id: cord-324335-eoabmyg7 author: Nicoletti, Marcello title: New solutions using natural products date: 2020-08-21 words: 31235.0 sentences: 1427.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-324335-eoabmyg7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-324335-eoabmyg7.txt summary: Considering the enormous quantity of results and scientific data concerning the validation of medicinal and biological properties, the international scientific community included neem on the list of the top 10 plants to investigate and use for the sustainable development of the planet and the health of mankind (Tewari, 1992; Foster and Moser, 2000) . The plant drug is usually utilized exsiccated, or as a derived product, like an extract, resin or oil, which can be obtained as such, or be enriched in one or more constituents, which are considered responsible for the activity. In particular, considering insect-borne diseases, in vivo activity of neem seed oil (NSO) against malaria Plasmodium has also been reported (Dahiya et al., 2016; Trapanelli et al., 2016) . abstract: Most antibiotics are derived from natural products, like penicillin, as well as recent insecticides, like pyrethroids. Secondary metabolites are produced by plants as ecological chemical mediators, and can therefore possess intrinsic physiological properties against other organisms. These benefits are far from being fully explored. In particular, attention is here focused on the multipurpose neem tree (Azadirachta indica), reporting several experiments of applications in the field of seed oil and neem cake. The latter product seems to be promising because of the low cost, the possible production on a large scale, and the selection of effects in favor of beneficial organisms. Neem cake is able to act on different sites, as required by integrated pest management. Several utilizations of neem products are reported and their potentiality evidenced. Some considerations in this chapter may appear distant from the title of the book, but only by applying the general natural rules can the reason of the single phenomenon be understood. Other studies on resistance mechanisms of Plasmodium are enabling new possible methods of control always based on natural products activity. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128187067000073 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818706-7.00007-3 id: cord-013176-6ckuya1w author: Ninfali, Paolino title: Antiviral Properties of Flavonoids and Delivery Strategies date: 2020-08-21 words: 8102.0 sentences: 372.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-013176-6ckuya1w.txt txt: ./txt/cord-013176-6ckuya1w.txt summary: Quercetin, extracted from Embelia ribes (Mirsinaceae), exhibited antiviral effects against HCV, exerted through activity inhibition of the viral protease Non-Structural protein 3 (NS3), leading to a decrease in HCV replication [36] . The natural extract of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (Vitaceae) contains many flavonoids, including vitexin, vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin, rutin, kaempferol, astragalin, quercitrin, quercetin and iso-quercetin, which were shown to be able to exert anti-influenza virus activity, with different efficiency, through the reduction of the number of plaques induced by the influenza virus in infected Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells [21] . In future perspective, this approach could be considered in order to possibly improve the antiviral activity of some flavonoids, like baicalin, that was able, like fludarabine [65] , to act against HIV-1 chronic infection of human monocytes and macrophages, inhibiting the fusion of HIV virus envelope proteins with these cells [73] . abstract: This review summarizes the latest advancements in phytochemicals as functional antiviral agents. We focused on flavonoids, like apigenin, vitexin, quercetin, rutin and naringenin, which have shown a wide range of biological effects including antiviral activities. The molecular mechanisms of their antiviral effects mainly consist in the inhibition of viral neuraminidase, proteases and DNA/RNA polymerases, as well as in the modification of various viral proteins. Mixtures of different flavonoids or combination of flavonoids with antiviral synthetic drugs provide an enhancement of their antiviral effects. Recent strategies in drug delivery significantly contribute to overcoming the low bioavailability of flavonoids. Frequent viral infections worldwide have led to the need for new effective antiviral agents, which can be identified among the various phytochemicals. In this light, screening the antiviral activities of a cocktail of flavonoids would be advantageous in order to prevent viral infections and improve current antiviral therapies. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7551920/ doi: 10.3390/nu12092534 id: cord-021419-nypnib0h author: Olsufyeva, Evgenia N. title: Main trends in the design of semi-synthetic antibiotics of a new generation date: 2020-03-17 words: 16144.0 sentences: 923.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-021419-nypnib0h.txt txt: ./txt/cord-021419-nypnib0h.txt summary: In this review, the following classes of compounds are considered as scaffolds for the synthesis of new antibiotics: polycyclic glycopeptides of the vancomycin ± teicoplanin group, classical macrolides, macrolides of the amphotericin B ± oligomycin group, anthracyclines, aureolic acid derivatives, heliomycin, synthetic benzoxaboroles and some other antibiotics. 42 Antibacterial activity of derivatives 52 ± 55 modified at the C(11)7OH group of the aglycone was evaluated compared to the starting antibiotics vancomycin (1) and azithromycin (30) on a panel of Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacterial strains (8 and 3 strains, respectively). In order to improve antifungal properties, cytotoxic and therapeutic characteristics and to study the mechanisms of action, series of new semi-synthetic derivatives based on AmB (63a) and bioengineered analogues S44HP (64a), BSG005 (65a), BSG022 (66a), BSG019 (67), BSG003 (68a) and BSG018 (69) were synthesized (in collaboration with the company BIOSERGEN, Norway) (Scheme 17). abstract: This review summarizes main advances achieved by Russian researchers in the synthesis and characterization of semi-synthetic antibiotics of a new generation in the period from 2004 to 2019. The following classes of compounds are considered as the basis for modification: polycyclic antibacterial glycopeptides of the vancomycin group, classical macrolides, antifungal polyene macrolides, the antitumour antibiotic olivomycin A, antitumour anthracyclines and broad-spectrum antibiotics, in particular, oligomycin A, heliomycin and some other. Main trends in the design of modern anti-infective and antitumour agents over this period are considered in relation to original natural antibiotics, which have been independently discovered by Russian researchers. It is shown that a new type of hybrid structures can, in principle, be synthesized based on glycopeptides, macrolides and other antibiotics, including heterodimers containing a new benzoxaborole pharmacophore. The review addresses the influence of the length of the spacer between two antibiotic molecules on the biological activity of hybrid structures. A combination of genetic engineering techniques and methods of organic synthesis is shown to be useful for the design of new potent antifungal antibiotics based on polyenes of the amphotericin B group. Many new semi-synthetic analogues exhibit important biological properties, such as a broad spectrum of activity and low toxicity. Emphasis is given to certain aspects related to investigation of a broad range of biological activity and mechanisms of action of new derivatives. The bibliography includes 101 references. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7149660/ doi: 10.1070/rcr4892 id: cord-016362-d3cpy37g author: Orhan, Ilkay title: Antiviral and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Some Heterocyclic Compounds from Turkish Plants date: 2007-08-01 words: 4330.0 sentences: 195.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-016362-d3cpy37g.txt txt: ./txt/cord-016362-d3cpy37g.txt summary: As shown in Table 1 , none of the compounds had the ability to inhibit HSV, while only quercetin-3,7-O-α-L-dirhamnoside had inhibitory activity against PI-3 in the range 8-32 µg/mL of maximum and minimum cytopathogenic effect (CPE) inhibitory concentrations, respectively. In one of our recent studies, five diterpenoid-derivative alkaloids, lycoctonine (9), 18-O-methyllycoctonine (10), delcosine (11), 14acetyldelcosine (12), and 14-acetylbrowniine (13) (as shown in Fig. 3) were screened for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities [39] . The most active alkaloid with anti-PI-3 effect was shown to be protopine (1-32 µg/mL), followed by fumarophycine (2-32 µg/mL), chelidimerine, (+)-bulbocapnine, and (-)ophiocarpine (4-32 µg/mL), as well as β-allocriptopine and oxosarcocapniA number of antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumoral, antimalarial, and cytotoxicity studies have been so far reported on various derivatives of natural or synthetic isoquinoline alkaloids [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] . abstract: Antibiotic resistance has become a problem since the discovery of antibiotics. Not long after the introduction of penicillin, Staphylococcus aureus, which can be also transmitted to humans via milk and milk products, began developing penicillin-resistant strains. Therefore, one approach that has been used for the discovery of new antimicrobial agents from natural sources is based on the evaluation of traditional plant extracts. Natural products have played a pivotal role in antibiotic drug innovation and include aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, macrolides, cycloserine, novobiocin, and lipoproteins. However, only a few antiviral agents are available on the market. To this purpose, we have screened a great number of herbal extracts along with some pure natural substances and obtained interesting findings. This chapter covers the results of our rigorous search for new antiviral and antimicrobial alternative compounds from a number of Turkish plants. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120619/ doi: 10.1007/7081_2007_072 id: cord-007084-4niom5mw author: POPPLEWELL, PHILIP Y. title: The Influence of Age on Steroidogenic Enzyme Activities of the Rat Adrenal Gland: Enhanced Expression of Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Activity(*) date: 1987-06-01 words: 5237.0 sentences: 325.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-007084-4niom5mw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-007084-4niom5mw.txt summary: Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme activity, the rate-limiting enzyme in corticosterone biosynthesis, was measured in adrenal mitochondria isolated from 2-, 12-, and 18-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Under basal conditions (without 25-hydroxycholesterol), cholesterol side-chain cleavage activity (expressed as nanomoles of pregnenolone produced per min mg protein" 1 ) increased (P < 0.001) from a mean (±SE) of 0.43 ± 0.06 in 2-month-old rats to 1.26 ± 0.11 and 1.51 ± 0.06 in the 12-and 18-month-old rats, respectively. Accordingly, we measured cholesterol side-chain cleavage, 3/3-HSD, 21-hydroxylase, 11/3-hydroxylase activities, and cytochrome P450 contents in appropriate mitochondrial and microsomal fractions of adrenals from 2-, 12-, and 18-month-old rats. Results of the present study also suggest that the decline in steroidogenesis observed in adrenocortical cells isolated from senescent rats is not related to a reduction in cholesterol side-chain cleavage activity or other steroidogenic responses, as measured in vitro in isolated subcellular components. abstract: The ability of isolated adrenocortical cells to secrete corticosterone in response to ACTH challenge declines as rats age, but the site or mechanism(s) of this impairment is still unknown. To test the functionality of steroidogenic capacity per se, we measured the key enzyme activities involved in corticosterone biosynthesis. We also measured the mitochondrial cytochrome P-450 content and nonsteroidogenic enzymes specific for subcellular fractions. Mitochondria and microsomal fractions were isolated from the adrenals of 2-, 12-, and 18- month-old animals and used for various enzyme measurements. Mitochondrial side-chain cleavage enzyme activity (nanomoles per min mg protein(-1)) increased from a mean of 0.43 ± 0.06 in 2-month-old rats to 1.26 ± 0.11 and 1.51 ± 0.06 in 12- and 18-month old rats, respectively. After incubation with 5- cholesten-3j8,25-diol (25-hydroxycholesterol; 25 μg/ml) sidechain cleave activity rose to 5.0 ± 0.6, 12.4 ± 1.2, and 16 ± 1.4 nmol min(-1) mg protein(-1) in adrenal mitochondrial fractions from 2-, 12-, and 18-month-old rats, respectively. In contrast, mitochondrial cytochrome P-450 content did not vary with advancing age. Microsomal δ(5)-3β-hyroxysteroid dehydrogenase-δ(5)-δ(4)- isomerase activities were similar in 2- and 12-month-old rats, but 21-hydroxylase (nanomoles per min mg protein(-1)) activity was significantly increased in 12-month-old rats (2-month-old, 5.2 ± 0.2; 12-month-old, 7.7 ± 0.5). Finally, mitochondrial 11β- hydroxylase was comparable in both age groups. In addition, activities of mitochondrial nonsteroidogenic enzymes, such as monoamine oxidase, amytal insensitive NADH cytochrome c reductase, cytochrome c oxidase, succinate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase, did not change with age. It appears from the evidence presented that the activities of the steroidogenic enzymes are not responsible for the diminished capacity in corticosterone production seen with aging in the rat. (Endocrinology120: 2521–2528,1987) url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7108490/ doi: 10.1210/endo-120-6-2521 id: cord-021897-yeih3tfo author: Page, Stephen J. title: Tourism today: Why is it a global phenomenon embracing all our lives? date: 2011-10-28 words: 11886.0 sentences: 450.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-021897-yeih3tfo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-021897-yeih3tfo.txt summary: • tourism is a discretionary activity (people are not required to undertake it as a basic need to survive, unlike consuming food and water) • tourism is of growing economic significance at a global scale, with growth rates in excess of the rate of economic growth for many countries • many governments see tourism as offering new employment opportunities in a growing sector that is focused on service industries and may assist in developing and modernizing the economy • tourism is increasingly becoming associated with quality of life issues as it offers people the opportunity to take a break away from the complexities and stresses of everyday life and work -it provides the context for rest, relaxation and an opportunity to do something different • tourism is becoming seen as a basic right in the developed, Westernized industrialized countries and it is enshrined in legislation regarding holiday entitlement -the result is many people associate holiday entitlement with the right to travel on holiday • in some less developed countries, tourism is being advocated as a possible solution to poverty (described as ''pro-poor'' tourism) • holidays are a defining feature of non-work for many workers • global travel is becoming more accessible in the developed world for all classes of people with the rise of low-cost airlines and cut-price travel fuelling a new wave of demand for tourism in the new millennium. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7152178/ doi: 10.1016/b978-0-08-096932-9.10001-8 id: cord-000445-2x7dfl1q author: Paliwal, Sarvesh K. title: Neglected Disease – African Sleeping Sickness: Recent Synthetic and Modeling Advances date: 2011-05-10 words: 8603.0 sentences: 401.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-000445-2x7dfl1q.txt txt: ./txt/cord-000445-2x7dfl1q.txt summary: brucei rhodesiense than the corresponding 2,5-substituted isomers (compounds 1-10, figure 4a), while among the 2, 5-substituted dications, the compounds possessing cationic substituents adjacent to nitrogen atoms in pyridine rings displayed superior activities against parasites compared to pentamidine as evident from compound 6 (figure 4b) which showed promising anti-trypanosomal activity (0.001µM) and lower cytotoxicity (4.90µM) than pentamidine and melarsoprol, but had poor in vivo activity giving only 1/4 cures in the STIB900 mouse model. Structure of two phenylbenzofuran dications with promising anti-trypanosomal activity Tidwell RR et al found that the in vitro anti-trypanosomal activities of bisbenzofuran derivatives against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, and cytotoxicity against mammalian cells depended on the position and the type of cationic substituents as well as the length of the carbon linker between aromatic moieties. Thus promising in vitro, anti-trypanosomal activity, excellent potency in the acute mouse model of trypanosomiasis and the reduced cytotoxicity (1.9 µM) of compound 1 compared to pentamidine warrants further pre-clinical and clinical trials of this molecule. abstract: Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) also called sleeping sickness is caused by subspecies of the parasitic hemoflagellate Trypanosoma brucei that mostly occurs in sub-Saharan Africa. The current chemotherapy of the human trypanosomiases relies on only six drugs, five of which have been developed more than 30 years ago, have undesirable toxic side effects and most of them show drug-resistance. Though development of new anti-trypanosomal drugs seems to be a priority area research in this area has lagged far behind. The given review mainly focus upon the recent synthetic and computer based approaches made by various research groups for the development of newer anti-trypanosomal analogues which may have improved efficacy and oral bioavailability than the present ones. The given paper also attempts to investigate the relationship between the various physiochemical parameters and anti-trypanosomal activity that may be helpful in development of potent anti-trypanosomal agents against sleeping sickness. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3163371/ doi: 10.3797/scipharm.1012-08 id: cord-324217-secnz2ta author: Pasdaran, A. title: Volatile oils: Potential agents for the treatment of respiratory infections date: 2016-08-05 words: 7698.0 sentences: 407.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-324217-secnz2ta.txt txt: ./txt/cord-324217-secnz2ta.txt summary: The present chapter reviews natural traditional remedies used in the treatment of respiratory infections with the emphasis on antibacterial, antiviral, and antiinflammation activities of the volatile natural compounds (essential oils, etc.), and provides a brief view in some of structural activity relationships between antibacterial potencies and chemical structures of the essential oil''s constituents. 10 Besides the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils in natural products, other characteristics such as high vapor pressure, low toxicity, and antiinflammatory potential create a worthwhile theme for using of these natural compounds for new drug development in respiratory infections. As a member of the phytochemicals, terpenoids have been observed as a model of lipid soluble agents, which have an impact on the activities of membrane catalyzed enzymes; for 3 SCREENING OF THE ANTIbACTERIAL EFFECTS OF ESSENTIAL OILS example, enzymes involved in respiratory pathways. 98 Among the natural chemical compounds, significant antiinflammatory activities of plant-based essential oil have been reported by many researchers, which showed the basis for folk and traditional uses of these herbs for treatment of inflammatory diseases. abstract: Due to presence of secondary bioactive metabolites, natural compounds are considered a major source of new active molecules that can be developed as new drugs. Infectious diseases, and mainly the common respiratory infections, are major challenges to the current chemotherapy systems and, therefore, there is a requirement to find new compounds with therapeutic potential. The volatile natural compounds and essential oils are the main treasure agents in the natural compounds with antibiotic potential. The present chapter reviews natural traditional remedies used in the treatment of respiratory infections with the emphasis on antibacterial, antiviral, and antiinflammation activities of the volatile natural compounds (essential oils, etc.), and provides a brief view in some of structural activity relationships between antibacterial potencies and chemical structures of the essential oil’s constituents. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128045435000166 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-804543-5.00016-6 id: cord-295335-oa4twg2z author: Pastorino, Giulia title: Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): A phytochemical and pharmacological review date: 2018-08-17 words: 8257.0 sentences: 462.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-295335-oa4twg2z.txt txt: ./txt/cord-295335-oa4twg2z.txt summary: In vivo-double-blind clinical trial in human patients Reduction of erythema, oedema, and itching scores (Halder & Richards, 2004) -In vitro-topical treatments in human patients during 4 weeks Lighten hand solar lentigines (Nerya et al., 2003) Glycyrrhetinic acid; glabridin 0-120 μM In vitro-human keratinocyte culture Prevention of oxidative DNA fragmentation and activation of apoptosis-associated proteins in human keratinocyte (Grippaudo & Di Russo, 2016) (Continues) In vitro-Vero cells In vivo-ducks Stimulation of immune and antiviral effect against DHV (Soufy et al., 2012) 0.1 μg/ml (extract) In vitro-human foreskin cell line Protection of host cells against EV71 infection (Kuo, Chang, Wang, & Chiang, 2009) In vivo-oral administration to humans (LDL isolation) (Carmeli & Fogelman, 2009) Licochalcone 2-20 μg/ml DPPH, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation, red blood cells Inhibition of the microsomal lipid peroxidation (Haraguchi, Ishikawa, Mizutani, Tamura, & Kinoshita, 1998) Hepatoprotective activity Liquorice aqueous extract 100-300 mg/kg 15 days In vivo-oral administration to Wistar rats Stimulation of the antioxidant enzymes and arrest of inflammatory cytokine production (Huo, Wang, Liang, Bao, & Gu, 2011) G. abstract: In the last years, consumers are paying much more attention to natural medicines and principles, mainly due to the general sense that natural compounds are safe. On the other hand, there is a growing demand by industry for plants used in traditional medicine that could be incorporated in foods, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, or even pharmaceuticals. Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. belongs to the Fabaceae family and has been recognized since ancient times for its ethnopharmacological values. This plant contains different phytocompounds, such as glycyrrhizin, 18β‐glycyrrhetinic acid, glabrin A and B, and isoflavones, that have demonstrated various pharmacological activities. Pharmacological experiments have demonstrated that different extracts and pure compounds from this species exhibit a broad range of biological properties, including antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. A few toxicological studies have reported some concerns. This review addresses all those issues and focuses on the pharmacological activities reported for G. glabra. Therefore, an updated, critical, and extensive overview on the current knowledge of G. glabra composition and biological activities is provided here in order to explore its therapeutic potential and future challenges to be utilized for the formulation of new products that will contribute to human well‐being. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30117204/ doi: 10.1002/ptr.6178 id: cord-299007-5m6lk409 author: Paterson, R. Russell M. title: Cordyceps – A traditional Chinese medicine and another fungal therapeutic biofactory? date: 2008-05-31 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Abstract Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) are growing in popularity. However, are they effective? Cordyceps is not studied as systematically for bioactivity as another TCM, Ganoderma. Cordyceps is fascinating per se, especially because of the pathogenic lifestyle on Lepidopteron insects. The combination of the fungus and dead insect has been used as a TCM for centuries. However, the natural fungus has been harvested to the extent that it is an endangered species. The effectiveness has been attributed to the Chinese philosophical concept of Yin and Yang and can this be compatible with scientific philosophy? A vast literature exists, some of which is scientific, although others are popular myth, and even hype. Cordyceps sinensis is the most explored species followed by Cordyceps militaris. However, taxonomic concepts were confused until a recent revision, with undefined material being used that cannot be verified. Holomorphism is relevant and contamination might account for some of the activity. The role of the insect has been ignored. Some of the analytical methodologies are poor. Data on the “old” compound cordycepin are still being published: ergosterol and related compounds are reported despite being universal to fungi. There is too much work on crude extracts rather than pure compounds with water and methanol solvents being over-represented in this respect (although methanol is an effective solvent). Excessive speculation exists as to the curative properties. However, there are some excellent pharmacological data and relating to apoptosis. For example, some preparations are active against cancers or diabetes which should be fully investigated. Polysaccharides and secondary metabolites are of particular interest. The use of genuine anamorphic forms in bioreactors is encouraged. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.01.027 doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.01.027 id: cord-017131-rx1z4orm author: Patra, Amlan Kumar title: An Overview of Antimicrobial Properties of Different Classes of Phytochemicals date: 2012-02-18 words: 10500.0 sentences: 571.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-017131-rx1z4orm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-017131-rx1z4orm.txt summary: Although numerous studies have been conducted in vitro and in vivo in the recent years on the efficacy of plant phytochemicals as antimicrobial agents, this chapter provides an overview of the antimicrobial properties of some major group of phytochemicals, namely, different phenolic compounds, alkaloids, saponins, iridoids and secoiridoids, polyacetylenes, glucosinolates, terpenoids, sulfinate, limonoids (tetranortepenoids) and anthranoids against pathogenic bacteria, fungi, viruses and commensal bacteria in the intestinal tracts of humans and animals. This chapter also discusses their antimicrobial mechanisms of action, the efficiency of different groups of phytochemicals against multiple-drug resistant bacteria, the effect of active dietary phytometabolites on the beneficial and pathogenic microbes of the gastrointestinal tracts and the outcomes of combination of phytofactors and drugs interactions. Although, phenolic acids are effective against Gram-negative bacteria, their antimicrobial effect is strain dependent (e.g. different strains of Escherichia coli ; Cueva et al. abstract: Plants produce a great diversity of phytochemicals, the beneficial properties of which have been used by humans for centuries since the advent of human civilization. With the discovery of effective and potent antimicrobial compounds, these synthetic antimicrobial compounds are widely used to prevent and cure microbial diseases. However, the development of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria, reduced efficacy and safety of antimicrobials and the search of new antimicrobials against emerging incurable diseases by conventional antimicrobial agents have revived to explore phytochemicals as an alternative to synthetic antimicrobial compounds. Although numerous studies have been conducted in vitro and in vivo in the recent years on the efficacy of plant phytochemicals as antimicrobial agents, this chapter provides an overview of the antimicrobial properties of some major group of phytochemicals, namely, different phenolic compounds, alkaloids, saponins, iridoids and secoiridoids, polyacetylenes, glucosinolates, terpenoids, sulfinate, limonoids (tetranortepenoids) and anthranoids against pathogenic bacteria, fungi, viruses and commensal bacteria in the intestinal tracts of humans and animals. This chapter also discusses their antimicrobial mechanisms of action, the efficiency of different groups of phytochemicals against multiple-drug resistant bacteria, the effect of active dietary phytometabolites on the beneficial and pathogenic microbes of the gastrointestinal tracts and the outcomes of combination of phytofactors and drugs interactions. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7121617/ doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-3926-0_1 id: cord-012623-bc9fj29h author: Pekmezaris, Renee title: Participant-reported priorities and preferences for developing a home-based physical activity telemonitoring program for persons with tetraplegia: a qualitative analysis date: 2019-05-16 words: 4404.0 sentences: 260.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-012623-bc9fj29h.txt txt: ./txt/cord-012623-bc9fj29h.txt summary: title: Participant-reported priorities and preferences for developing a home-based physical activity telemonitoring program for persons with tetraplegia: a qualitative analysis OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore perceptions and priorities of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) for physical activity and to incorporate their feedback to inform future development of a physical activity program delivered via a telemonitoring platform. Another study measured the effects of a home-based exercise program in persons with chronic SCI, including outcome measures of metabolism, body composition, physical activity, energy intake, measures of health and wellbeing, resting metabolic rate, heart rate, and blood pressure, aerobic capacity, immune function, and adipose gene expression [23] . Here, we report the results of a qualitative study of priorities and preferences for developing a home-based physical activity telemonitoring program for persons with tetraplegia. abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Focus group. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore perceptions and priorities of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) for physical activity and to incorporate their feedback to inform future development of a physical activity program delivered via a telemonitoring platform. SETTING: New York. METHODS: Qualitative data were collected from a purposive sample of adults with tetraplegia (N = 7). Two investigators led an audio-recorded focus group using a moderator’s guide. Data were analyzed using a six-phase thematic analysis approach. RESULTS: The discussion focused on two major areas, which resulted in multiple derived themes and subthemes. The first theme centered on the daily life of persons with tetraplegia, including changes after SCI, gain of function prioritization, and identification of psychosocial support systems that facilitate community reintegration after injury. The second theme centered on participant perceptions and recommendations for a physical activity program delivered via a telemonitoring platform. Desired design features included variations in schedule, diverse activities, or exercises included in each class, and optional two-way video to enable social interactions with classmates. CONCLUSIONS: Participants favorably viewed the concept of a physical activity program delivered via a telemonitoring platform and contributed program design ideas. Although this was a small sample size, challenges to obtaining physical activity expressed by participants were consistent with those identified previously in larger studies of persons with tetraplegia. Therefore, we expect these concepts and their recommendations to be relevant to the greater SCI community. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6786286/ doi: 10.1038/s41394-019-0188-6 id: cord-274101-vm9nh8lc author: Perez Espitia, Paula Judith title: Bioactive Peptides: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications in the Packaging and Preservation of Food date: 2012-02-29 words: 12716.0 sentences: 595.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-274101-vm9nh8lc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-274101-vm9nh8lc.txt summary: The separation occurs because of highly specific biochemical interactions between the peptide and the ligand Used when a high degree of specificity is required, for example, isolation of a target protein present in low concentration in a biological fluid or a cell extract Capillary electrophoresis Based on the migration of the peptide according to its charge in solution, depending on the application of an electric field. Peptides have shown various bioproperties, among them antimicrobial activity, leading to the application of these compounds in the food preservation area by either direct addition or incorporation into packaging materials (Table 8) . Active packaging materials incorporated with antimicrobial peptides have shown effectiveness in inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms, an improvement in food safety. Several studies have indicated significant changes in mechanical properties and surface morphology of the films incorporated with antimicrobial peptides. abstract: Abstract: Bioactive peptides are protein fragments which have a positive impact on the functions and conditions of living beings. Peptides have shown several useful properties for human health, including antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, and antitumor activities. These compounds are produced by almost all species of life. However, they are produced in limited quantities in nature. As a result, researchers have tried to synthesize bioactive peptides to study their properties and applications in various areas. Among their applications in food preservation, peptides have been incorporated into packaging materials. This review begins with a brief description of the methods used for the synthesis, purification, and characterization of peptides. Also, the main bioproperties and mechanisms of action of peptides are discussed. Finally, some applications of peptides are presented, especially their use in active packaging, their effects on the polymeric matrix, and peptide migration. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32368201/ doi: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2011.00179.x id: cord-294897-29diwyoe author: Pina-Pérez, M. C. title: Antimicrobial potential of macro and microalgae against pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in food date: 2017-11-15 words: 9244.0 sentences: 471.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-294897-29diwyoe.txt txt: ./txt/cord-294897-29diwyoe.txt summary: In this connection, marine algae are emerging as a new generation of potential preservatives, macro-and microalgae extracts, or pure ingredients with health benefits and demonstrated antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities (Dai & Mumper, 2010; Devi et al., 2008) . Although intensive study of the antimicrobial potential of algae has begun [2005] [2006] [2007] [2008] [2009] [2010] [2011] [2012] [2013] [2014] [2015] [2016] , most of the studies that have been published are about therapeutic and antibacterial/antiviral capabilities of algae compounds, their ability to inhibit or kill clinical bacteria (Mehadi et al., 2015; Rajeshkumar et al., 2014; Rhimou, Hassane, José, & Nathalie, 2010) , but not about the effect of these bioactive molecules against foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms commonly found in food matrices. Nowadays, the antimicrobial potential of algae against the main foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms is one of the most interesting fields of research regarding the use of marine vegetables as sources of staple food and bioactives for human nutrition. abstract: Abstract Algae are a valuable and never-failing source of bioactive compounds. The increasing efforts to use ingredients that are as natural as possible in the formulation of innovative products has given rise to the introduction of macro and microalgae in food industry. To date, scarce information has been published about algae ingredients as antimicrobials in food. The antimicrobial potential of algae is highly dependent on: (i) type, brown algae being the most effective against foodborne bacteria; (ii) the solvent used in the extraction of bioactive compounds, ethanolic and methanolic extracts being highly effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; and (iii) the concentration of the extract. The present paper reviews the main antimicrobial potential of algal species and their bioactive compounds in reference and real food matrices. The validation of the algae antimicrobial potential in real food matrices is still a research niche, being meat and bakery products the most studied substrates. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.033 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.033 id: cord-281137-j81fgnld author: Rahman, Lubna title: An assessment on the role of endophytic microbes in the therapeutic potential of Fagonia indica date: 2017-08-01 words: 5269.0 sentences: 295.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-281137-j81fgnld.txt txt: ./txt/cord-281137-j81fgnld.txt summary: Methanolic extracts were evaluated for total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoids contents (TFC), DPPH free radical scavenging activity, reducing power and total anti-oxidant assays were performed. Total phenolic contents and total flavonoids contents varies among all the bacterial extracts respectively in which Bacillus subtilis showed high phenolic contents 243 µg/mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia showed high flavonoids contents 15.9 µg/mg quercitin equivalents (QA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) 37.6 µg/mg of extract, reducing power (RP) 206 µg/mg of extract and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity with 98.7 μg/mL IC(50) value. Ascorbic acid was taken as standard and percent DPPH free radical scavenging activity of each endophytic bacterial extracts are shown in Table 2 . dispersa showed the highest values indicating their electron donating ability for Table 6 Protein kinase (PK) inhiation (i.e. zone''s diameter in mm ± SD) during Streptomyces hyphae formation of isolated bacterial extracts (bald zone indicates PK inhibition while clear zone shows cytotoxicity) Surfactin stabilizing free radicals and showed the similar reductive potential as reported above. abstract: BACKGROUND: Natural products of animals, plants and microbes are potential source of important chemical compounds, with diverse applications including therapeutics. Endophytic bacteria that are especially associated with medicinal plants presents a reservoir of therapeutic compounds. Fagonia indica has been recently investigated by numerous researchers because of its striking therapeutic potential especially in cancer. It is also reported that endophytes play a vital role in the biosynthesis of various metabolites; therefore we believe that endophytes associated with F. indica are of crucial importance in this regard. The present study aims successful isolation, molecular identification of endophytic bacteria and their screening for bioactive metabolites quantification and in vitro pharmacological activities. METHODS: 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used for the identification of isolated endophytic bacteria. Methanolic extracts were evaluated for total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoids contents (TFC), DPPH free radical scavenging activity, reducing power and total anti-oxidant assays were performed. And also screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities by disc diffusion method and their MIC were calculated by broth dilution method using microplate reader. Further, standard protocols were followed for antileishmanial activity and protein kinase inhibition. Analysis and statistics were performed using SPSS, Table curve and Origin 8.5 for graphs. RESULTS: Bacterial strains belonging to various genera (Bacillus, Enterobacter, Pantoea, Erwinia and Stenotrophomonas) were isolated and identified. Total phenolic contents and total flavonoids contents varies among all the bacterial extracts respectively in which Bacillus subtilis showed high phenolic contents 243 µg/mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia showed high flavonoids contents 15.9 µg/mg quercitin equivalents (QA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) 37.6 µg/mg of extract, reducing power (RP) 206 µg/mg of extract and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity with 98.7 μg/mL IC(50) value. Although all the extracts tested were active to inhibit growth of selected pathogenic microbes (bacteria and fungi), but significant antibacterial activity was observed against Klebsiella pneumonia and B. subtilis. An Enterobacter cloaca was active against Leishmania tropica with IC(50) value of 1.4 µg/mg extracts. B. subtilis and Bacillus tequilensis correspondingly exhibit significant protein kinase inhibition of 47 ± 0.72 and 42 ± 1.21 mm bald zones, indicating anti-infective and antitumor potential. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings revealed that crude extracts of selected endophytic bacteria from F. indica possess excellent biological activities indicating their potential as an important source of antibiotics (antifungal, antibacterial) compounds. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-017-0228-7 doi: 10.1186/s12941-017-0228-7 id: cord-262950-zv6qerhg author: Reinert, Kassidy S. title: Creating Digital Activity Schedules to Promote Independence and Engagement date: 2020-06-19 words: 5778.0 sentences: 459.0 pages: flesch: 71.0 cache: ./cache/cord-262950-zv6qerhg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-262950-zv6qerhg.txt summary: In the current article, we provide a task analysis for creating both simple and complex digital activity schedules using Google Slides, a freely available, web-based technology that operates on a variety of digital platforms. Thus, the purpose of this article is to provide a detailed task analysis that both behavior analysts and parents can use to create and modify digital activity schedules using Google Slides, a freely available, web-based program that works on a variety of digital devices and platforms. 7. "Turn the page" on the digital schedule to display the next activity by touching or clicking on the arrow in the bottom-right corner of the screen. If the slide linked to the rectangle is incorrect, click "Remove link." Return to Step 5 in the section "Creating Navigation for Choice Pages." 9. In the left navigation bar, select the second choice page (the first slide with a large toy picture in the lower rectangle; Fig. 18 ) and paste the arrow. abstract: Photographic activity schedules have been demonstrated to be effective in helping individuals with autism and other developmental disabilities learn how to complete both simple and complex sequences of activities without prompting from adults. Although the majority of research studies demonstrating the effectiveness of activity schedules have used schedule books composed of static printed pictures attached to physical pages, recently researchers have begun to demonstrate the effectiveness of technology-based activity schedules. In the current article, we provide a task analysis for creating both simple and complex digital activity schedules using Google Slides, a freely available, web-based technology that operates on a variety of digital platforms. We also provide suggestions for how behavior analysts can train parents to use this technology with their children using telehealth procedures. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32837698/ doi: 10.1007/s40617-020-00437-8 id: cord-336165-if8uxqha author: Remoaldo, Paula title: Profiling the participants in creative tourism activities: Case studies from small and medium sized cities and rural areas from Continental Portugal date: 2020-09-12 words: 8799.0 sentences: 442.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-336165-if8uxqha.txt txt: ./txt/cord-336165-if8uxqha.txt summary: The definition most used by the experts in this area is the one elaborated by Richards and Raymond (2000) , who define creative tourism as offering tourists the opportunity to develop their creative potential through active participation in courses and learning experiences that are the characteristics of the destination in which they are carried out. Tourism Management Perspectives 36 (2020) 100746 In the early 2000s, Raymond (2003) , based on a case study in New Zealand (Table 1) , presented a proposal to segment and profile creative tourism seekers based on general demographic profiles, proposing three groups: baby-boomers and retired, tourists under 30 (e.g., students and backpackers) and New Zealanders who are interested in learning more about different aspects of the culture of their country. The research presented here segmented the tourists based on their motivation to participate in creative tourism activities and analysed the resulting profiles. abstract: Although cultural tourists increasingly seek to experience cultural events actively and to directly engage in creative activities, empirical knowledge about the creative tourist remains limited. This study aims to characterize the motivations and profile of creative tourists. The data was collected through a survey of participants in creative tourism activities in Portugal developed by 40 pilot institutions of the CREATOUR project during 2017 and 2018, with 814 usable questionnaires collected and validated. The questionnaire had 30 questions and marked the first time this kind of research was conducted in Portugal. The questionnaire included questions on: the composition of their travel companions, their previous participation in a creative tourism experience, reasons for visiting the destination, their characterization of the creative tourism experience, an evaluation of their creative tourism experience, and their socio-demographic profile. Using a cluster analysis to analyse the data, three clusters were found: Novelty-Seekers, Knowledge and Skills Learners, and Leisure Creative-Seekers. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100746 doi: 10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100746 id: cord-270892-ycc3csyh author: Rollinger, Judith M. title: The human rhinovirus: human‐pathological impact, mechanisms of antirhinoviral agents, and strategies for their discovery date: 2010-12-13 words: 19628.0 sentences: 1166.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-270892-ycc3csyh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-270892-ycc3csyh.txt summary: [79] [80] [81] [82] Taken together, the results of natural cold studies as well as of experimental infection in human volunteers clearly demonstrate that HRV are able to replicate in the upper as well as in the lower airways. Such an anti-HRV drug would have to be (i) with broad spectrum activity because of the high number of HRV serotypes, (ii) administered very early in infection to demonstrate a good antiviral effect because of the fast infection kinetics, (iii) very safe because of the broad application by millions of people, and (iv) directed against a highly conserved target with low risk of resistance development. The HRV-induced CPE, infectious virus titers, viral protein expression, and RNA synthesis can be chosen as parameters to evaluate the anti-HRV activity of compounds in cell-culture based assays. Due to the lack of a small-animal model for HRV infection until 2008, the experimental human challenge model has to be used to approve effects of potential antiviral drugs under controlled conditions in preclinical studies. abstract: As the major etiological agent of the common cold, human rhinoviruses (HRV) cause millions of lost working and school days annually. Moreover, clinical studies proved an association between harmless upper respiratory tract infections and more severe diseases e.g. sinusitis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Both the medicinal and socio‐economic impact of HRV infections and the lack of antiviral drugs substantiate the need for intensive antiviral research. A common structural feature of the approximately 100 HRV serotypes is the icosahedrally shaped capsid formed by 60 identical copies of viral capsid proteins VP1‐4. The capsid protects the single‐stranded, positive sense RNA genome of about 7,400 bases in length. Both structural as well as nonstructural proteins produced during the viral life cycle have been identified as potential targets for blocking viral replication at the step of attachment, entry, uncoating, RNA and protein synthesis by synthetic or natural compounds. Moreover, interferon and phytoceuticals were shown to protect host cells. Most of the known inhibitors of HRV replication were discovered as a result of empirical or semi‐empirical screening in cell culture. Structure–activity relationship studies are used for hit optimization and lead structure discovery. The increasing structural insight and molecular understanding of viral proteins on the one hand and the advent of innovative computer‐assisted technologies on the other hand have facilitated a rationalized access for the discovery of small chemical entities with antirhinoviral (anti‐HRV) activity. This review will (i) summarize existing structural knowledge about HRV, (ii) focus on mechanisms of anti‐HRV agents from synthetic and natural origin, and (iii) demonstrate strategies for efficient lead structure discovery. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 31, No. 1, 42–92, 2010 url: https://doi.org/10.1002/med.20176 doi: 10.1002/med.20176 id: cord-277802-f8pyn3rx author: Roman, Gheorghe title: Mannich bases in medicinal chemistry and drug design date: 2015-01-07 words: 53972.0 sentences: 2237.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-277802-f8pyn3rx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-277802-f8pyn3rx.txt summary: Aminomethylated derivatives of hydroxycarbazoles have been also mentioned in a different study [60] , which described the synthesis of a small series of phenolic Mannich bases 47 (Fig. 8 ) obtained from 5-substituted 2-hydroxy-5H-benzo[b]carbazole-6,11-diones along with their in vitro anticancer evaluation at National Cancer Institute (NCI) using an in-house developed screening panel of approximately 60 cell lines derived from nine different types of cancer. Recently, Mannich bases 132 ( Fig. 24 ) obtained using Schiff bases derived from 5-fluoroisatin and 4-arylideneaminoanilines as substrates and ciprofloxacin as amine reagent were shown to be generally less potent antibacterials than reference drug ciprofloxacin, although some candidates had MIC values comparable to those of ciprofloxacin against the investigated bacteria [164] . Both types of Mannich bases 133l and 134l, featuring a 1,2,4-triazole moiety at position 5 of the triazolethione scaffold, showed good antibacterial activity, but compounds 134l were generally more potent than 133l, and two of candidates 134l actually had MIC values comparable to those of reference drug ciprofloxacin [177] . abstract: The biological activity of Mannich bases, a structurally heterogeneous class of chemical compounds that are generated from various substrates through the introduction of an aminomethyl function by means of the Mannich reaction, is surveyed, with emphasis on the relationship between structure and biological activity. The review covers extensively the literature reports that have disclosed Mannich bases as anticancer and cytotoxic agents, or compounds with potential antibacterial and antifungal activity in the last decade. The most relevant studies on the activity of Mannich bases as antimycobacterial agents, antimalarials, or antiviral candidates have been included as well. The review contains also a thorough coverage of anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant activities of Mannich bases. In addition, several minor biological activities of Mannich bases, such as their ability to regulate blood pressure or inhibit platelet aggregation, their antiparasitic and anti-ulcer effects, as well as their use as agents for the treatment of mental disorders have been presented. The review gives in the end a brief overview of the potential of Mannich bases as inhibitors of various enzymes or ligands for several receptors. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25462280/ doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.076 id: cord-318528-yc0jw3s1 author: Romero-Blanco, Cristina title: Physical Activity and Sedentary Lifestyle in University Students: Changes during Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-09 words: 4385.0 sentences: 215.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt summary: In the group analysis, differences were observed in relation to gender, year of study, BMI, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, symptoms of anxiety/depression, Mediterranean diet, living situation and stage of change. To broaden our approach, as a secondary aim, we also wanted to look at changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviour resulting from other factors such as alcohol and tobacco consumption, adherence to a Mediterranean diet, motivation, symptoms of anxiety/depression and sociodemographic characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate physical activity and sedentary behaviour in health sciences students before and during the lockdown. In the analysis by group, minutes of physical activity increased significantly during lockdown among the following groups: women; all years of study except final year; normal or low BMI; those who did not eat a Mediterranean diet; and those in the preparation or action stage of change. abstract: Regular physical activity is related to many factors in a university student’s environment. The coronavirus pandemic and the resulting lockdown have restricted many elements of our environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate students’ physical activity and sedentary behaviour at two points in time: before and during the coronavirus lockdown. As a secondary aim, we also wanted to look at changes resulting from other factors (alcohol, tobacco, diet, stages of change, symptoms of anxiety/depression and sociodemographic characteristics). We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, pre-post study with two cut-off points. Two hundred and thirteen students took part in the study. The main dependent variables were physical activity and sitting time, measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Parametric and non-parametric tests were used for paired and unpaired data, as well as group-stratified analysis. During lockdown, both weekly physical activity (MD: −159.87; CI: −100.44, −219.31) and weekly sitting time increased (MD: −106.76; CI: −71.85, −141.67). In the group analysis, differences were observed in relation to gender, year of study, BMI, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, symptoms of anxiety/depression, Mediterranean diet, living situation and stage of change. The results showed an increase in both physical activity and sitting time globally and by group. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186567 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186567 id: cord-300872-blycbi4u author: Saadeh, Haythem A. title: Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Biological Activity of 8-Hydroxyquinolines date: 2020-09-21 words: 16077.0 sentences: 768.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-300872-blycbi4u.txt txt: ./txt/cord-300872-blycbi4u.txt summary: Some of these strains have even become resistant to many antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents; These prepared compounds were subjected to bioactivity screening against the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses, with the results expressed as percentages of growth inhibition, and to cytotoxicity evaluation against the A549 cell line. A synthetic procedure (Scheme 13) involved a condensation reaction between the amino group (NH2) in 49 and the carbonyl group in salicylic aldehyde (50), followed by intramolecular cyclization under a These prepared compounds were screened for potential anticancer activity against MCF-7, HCT 116, HepG-2, and A549 using the MMT assay. This compound was screened against MCF-7 and Hela cancer cell lines using MMT assay, giving IC50 values of 21.02 and 27.73 mM, respectively In addition, Shamsi and coworkers prepared 16 quinoline-based 1,3,4-oxadiazole-triazole derivatives (Scheme 14) based on the hybrid strategy of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic scaffolds [36] . abstract: Compounds containing the 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) 1 nucleus exhibit a wide range of biological activities, including antimicrobial, anticancer, and antifungal effects. The chemistry and biology of this group have attracted the attention of chemists, medicinal chemists, and professionals in health sciences. A number of prescribed drugs incorporate this group, and numerous 8-HQ- based molecules can be used to develop potent lead compounds with good efficacy and low toxicity. This review focusses on the recent advances in the synthesis of 8-HQ derivatives with different pharmacological properties, including anticancer, antiviral, and antibacterial activities. For this purpose, recent relevant references were searched in different known databases and search engines, such as MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane, Scientific Information Database (SID), SciFinder, and Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Knowledge. This review article provides a literature overview of the various synthetic strategies and biological activities of 8-HQ derivatives and covers the recent related literature. Taken together, compounds containing the 8-HQ moiety have huge therapeutic value and can act as potential building blocks for various pharmacologically active scaffolds. In addition, several described compounds in this review could act leads for the development of drugs against numerous diseases including cancer. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25184321 doi: 10.3390/molecules25184321 id: cord-354044-3ugc7odq author: Salazar-Gómez, Anuar title: The potential role of sesquiterpene lactones isolated from medicinal plants in the treatment of the metabolic syndrome – A review date: 2020-09-16 words: 9388.0 sentences: 520.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-354044-3ugc7odq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-354044-3ugc7odq.txt summary: Therefore, in order to provide relevant information regarding the potential benefits of SLns in preventing Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin I-converting enzyme; AMPK, activated protein kinase; APOC3, apolipoprotein C3; AT, adipose tissue; CAT, catalase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase 2; CVD, cardiovascular disease; FFA, free fatty acids; FN, fibronectin; G6Pase, glucose-6-phosphatase; GK, glucokinase; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; GSH, reduced glutathione; HDL-C, high-density lipoproteins-cholesterol; IFN-g, interferon gamma; IL-1b, interleukin 1 beta; IL-6, interleukin 6; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; IR, insulin resistance; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinases; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinases; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; MetS, metabolic syndrome; NF-kB, nuclear factor kappa B; NO, nitric oxide; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SLns, sesquiterpene lactones; SOD, superoxide dismutase; STAT1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1; STZ, streptozotocin; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; TGF-b1, transforming growth factor beta; TLRs, Toll-like receptor; TNF-a, tumor necrosis factor alpha; VLDL, very-low-density lipoprotein and managing MetS, this review addresses plant-derived SLns that are potentially responsible for the positive effect in improving risk factors associated with MetS. abstract: Metabolic syndrome comprises a cluster of metabolic disorders related to the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In latter years, plant secondary metabolites have become of special interest because of their potential role in preventing and managing metabolic syndrome. Sesquiterpene lactones constitute a large and diverse group of biologically active compounds widely distributed in several medicinal plants used for the treatment of metabolic disorders. The structural diversity and the broad spectrum of biological activities of these compounds drew significant interests in the pharmacological applications. This review describes selected sesquiterpene lactones that have been experimentally validated for their biological activities related to risk factors of metabolic syndrome, together with their mechanisms of action. The potential beneficial effects of sesquiterpene lactones discussed in this review demonstrate that these substances represent remarkable compounds with a diversity of molecular structure and high biological activity, providing new insights into the possible role in metabolic syndrome management. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254629920310383 doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.08.020 id: cord-351932-dn60t7qa author: Salehi, Bahare title: Dioscorea Plants: A Genus Rich in Vital Nutra-pharmaceuticals-A Review date: 2019 words: 9680.0 sentences: 512.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-351932-dn60t7qa.txt txt: ./txt/cord-351932-dn60t7qa.txt summary: As reported by Jesus et al., 2016 , diosgenin (3-β-hydroxy-5spirostene) is the primary furostanol saponin found in several plants, including Dioscorea species, and is described as a promising bioactive compound with several medicinal properties, i.e. hypolipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycaemic, and antiproliferative activities (5) . A new furostanol glycoside namely 26-O-β -D-glucopyranosyl-3β,26-dihydroxy-20,22-seco-25(R)-furost-5en-20,22-dione-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[ α -L -r h a m n o p y r a n o s y l -( 1 → 2 ) ] -β -Dglucopyranoside was isolated from the methanolic extract of the rhizome of Dioscorea cayenensis growing in Cameroon, together with the known spirostanol saponins described as methyl protodioscin, asperoside and prosapogenin A of dioscin (12) . Concerning the phytochemical profile, twelve cyclic diarylheptanoids were isolated from the rhizomes of Dioscorea nipponica (20) , among which two new cyclic diarylheptanoids, diosniponol A and B; moreover, as reported by the same authors, these compounds were evaluated for their effects on nitric oxide production without cell toxicity in lipopolysaccharide-activated BV-2 cells. abstract: Dioscorea species, known as “Yams,” belong to family Dioscoreaceae. This genus consists of more than 600 species distributed from Africa, Asia, the Caribbean’s South America, and the South Pacific islands. Their organoleptic properties make them the most widely used carbohydrate food and dietary supplements. The underground and/or aerial tubers represent valuable sources of proteins, fats, and vitamins for millions of people in West Africa. This review gives a shot of secondary metabolites of Dioscorea plants, including steroids, clerodane diterpenes, quinones, cyanidins, phenolics, diarylheptanoids, and nitrogen-containing compounds. This review collected the evidence on biological properties of description Dioscorea, including in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Dioscorea species contain promising bioactive molecules i.e. diosgenin that support their different biological properties, including antioxidant, hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic, anti- antimicrobial, inflammatory, antiproliferative, androgenic, estrogenic, and contraceptive drugs. Indeed, besides its nutrient values, Dioscorea is a potential source of bioactive substances of interest in the prevention/treatment of several diseases, and thus represents a great challenge in developing countries. However, ethnomedicinal potential should be validated and further researches on pharmacological properties and phytochemical composition should be carried out. Particularly, doing some studies to convert the preclinical results to clinical efficacy should be guaranteed. Dioscorea, Food plant, Traditional use, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological activities url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32802090/ doi: 10.22037/ijpr.2019.112501.13795 id: cord-300522-okbupw61 author: Sansone, Clementina title: Marine Algal Antioxidants as Potential Vectors for Controlling Viral Diseases date: 2020-05-07 words: 4774.0 sentences: 248.0 pages: flesch: 31.0 cache: ./cache/cord-300522-okbupw61.txt txt: ./txt/cord-300522-okbupw61.txt summary: Given the ability of various algal molecules—mainly sulfated polysaccharides—to inhibit viral infection at Stage I (adsorption and invasion of cells), we envisage a need to further investigate the antiviral ability of algae, and their mechanisms of action. Oxidative stress-a loss in the balance between the production of free radicals including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant cell signaling pathways [2] -can be a key factor of the pathogenesis in many acute or chronical human diseases [3] . For that, we explore the relationship between oxidative stress and viral infections, looking for solutions through the deciphering of cell signaling pathways that can inhibit virus replication and infections, and the mechanisms of action of potential antiviral molecules. Three polysaccharides extracted from marine microalgae, naviculan from the diatom Navicula directa, and two others (named A1 and A2) from the dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides also displayed antiviral activities against several enveloped viruses, such as HIV-1, HSV-1 or influenza virus type A (IFV-A) [71] . abstract: As the COVID-19 epidemic expands in the world, and with the previous SARS epidemic, avian flu, Ebola and AIDS serving as a warning, biomedical and biotechnological research has the task to find solutions to counteract viral entry and pathogenesis. A novel approach can come from marine chemodiversity, recognized as a relevant source for developing a future natural “antiviral pharmacy”. Activities of antioxidants against viruses can be exploited to cope with human viral infection, from single individual infections to protection of populations. There is a potentially rich and fruitful reservoir of such compounds thanks to the plethora of bioactive molecules and families present in marine microorganisms. The aim of this communication is to present the state-of-play of what is known on the antiviral activities recognized in (micro)algae, highlighting the different molecules from various algae and their mechanisms of actions, when known. Given the ability of various algal molecules—mainly sulfated polysaccharides—to inhibit viral infection at Stage I (adsorption and invasion of cells), we envisage a need to further investigate the antiviral ability of algae, and their mechanisms of action. Given the advantages of microalgal production compared to other organisms, the opportunity might become reality in a short period of time. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9050392 doi: 10.3390/antiox9050392 id: cord-024652-4i6kktl0 author: Santra, Hiran Kanti title: Natural Products as Fungicide and Their Role in Crop Protection date: 2020-05-12 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Seeking solutions from nature for solving one and all problems is the age-old practice for mankind, and natural products are proved to be the most effective one for keeping up the balance of development as well as the “healthy, wealthy, and well” condition of mother nature. Fungal pathogens are proved to be a common and popular contaminant of agroecosystem that approximately causes 70–80% of total microbial crop loss. To meet the proper global increasing need of food products as a result of population explosion, managing agricultural system in an eco-friendly and profitable manner is the prime target; thus the word “sustainable agriculture” plays it part, and this package is highly effective when coupled with nature-derived fungicidal products that can minimize the event of fungal infections in agrarian ecosystem. Present study enlists the most common and effective natural products that might be of plant or microbial origin, their mode of action, day-by-day development of phytopathogenic resistance against the prevailing fungicides, and also their role in maintenance of sustainability of agricultural practices with special emphasis on their acceptance over the synthetic or chemical one. A large number of bioactive compounds ranging from direct plant (both cryptogams algae and moss and phanerogams)-derived natural extracts, essential oil of aromatic plants, and low-molecular-weight antimicrobial compounds known as phytoalexins to secondary metabolites that are both volatile and nonvolatile organic compounds of microbes (fungal and actinobacterial members) residing inside the host tissue, called endophyte, are widely used as agricultural bioweapons. The rhizospheric partners of plant, mycorrhizae, are also a prime agent of this chemical warfare and protect their green partners from fungal invaders and emphasize the concept of “sustainable agriculture.” url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7212785/ doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-3024-1_9 id: cord-267284-3uz0v29k author: Schneiderová, Kristýna title: Phytochemical profile of Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb). Steud. date: 2014-08-29 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Paulownia tomentosa, a member of the plant family Paulowniaceae and a rich source of biologically active secondary metabolites, is traditionally used in Chinese herbal medicine. Flavonoids, lignans, phenolic glycosides, quinones, terpenoids, glycerides, phenolic acids, and miscellaneous other compounds have been isolated from different parts of P. tomentosa plant. Recent interest in this species has focused on isolating and identifying of prenylated flavonoids, that exhibit potent antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiphlogistic activities and inhibit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus papain-like protease. They show cytotoxic activity against various human cancer cell lines and inhibit the effects of human cholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and bacterial neuraminidases. Most of the compounds considered here have never been isolated from any other species of plant. This review summarizes the information about the isolated compounds that are active, their bioactivities, and the structure–activity relationships that have been worked out for them. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32214918/ doi: 10.1007/s11101-014-9376-y id: cord-344902-bittqpyo author: Scott, Jennifer title: A systematic review of the physical activity levels of acutely ill older adults in Hospital At Home settings: an under-researched field date: 2020-10-15 words: 4905.0 sentences: 224.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt summary: title: A systematic review of the physical activity levels of acutely ill older adults in Hospital At Home settings: an under-researched field PURPOSE: The purpose of this review was to identify, evaluate and synthesise existing evidence reporting the physical activity levels of acutely ill older patients in a ''Hospital At Home'' setting and compare this to patients with similar characteristics treated in a traditional hospital inpatient setting. CONCLUSION: There is a lack of published research on the physical activity levels of acutely-ill older adults in Hospital at Home settings. The aim of this review was to identify, evaluate and synthesise the evidence on the physical activity levels of acutely ill older patients undergoing treatment in an HaH vs inpatient setting. This review has provided an indication of the baseline activity levels of inpatients suitable for a Hospital at Home service, however primary objective research is needed in this treatment setting. abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this review was to identify, evaluate and synthesise existing evidence reporting the physical activity levels of acutely ill older patients in a ‘Hospital At Home’ setting and compare this to patients with similar characteristics treated in a traditional hospital inpatient setting. Functional changes and any adverse outcomes due to physical activity (e.g. falls) in both settings where PA was reported or recorded were also evaluated as secondary outcomes. METHODS: A search strategy was devised for the MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMed, PEDRO, OT Seeker and Cochrane databases. Search results were title, abstract and full-text reviewed by two independent researchers. Data were extracted from included articles using a custom form and assessed for quality and risk of bias using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies. RESULTS: No studies set in the Hospital at Home environments were identified. 16 hospital inpatient studies met the criteria for inclusion. Older patients managed in inpatient settings that would be eligible for Hospital at Home services spent 6.6% of their day active and undertook only 881.8 daily steps. Functional change was reported in four studies with both improvement and decline during admission reported. CONCLUSION: There is a lack of published research on the physical activity levels of acutely-ill older adults in Hospital at Home settings. This review has identified a baseline level of activity for older acutely ill patients that would be suitable for Hospital at Home treatment. This data could be used as a basis of comparison in future hospital at home studies, which should also include functional change outcomes to further explore the relationship between physical inactivity and functional decline. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s41999-020-00414-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-020-00414-y doi: 10.1007/s41999-020-00414-y id: cord-342634-4ouhdjsr author: Semrad, Katharina title: Proteins with RNA Chaperone Activity: A World of Diverse Proteins with a Common Task—Impediment of RNA Misfolding date: 2010-12-26 words: 7141.0 sentences: 399.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-342634-4ouhdjsr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-342634-4ouhdjsr.txt summary: In brief, the group of proteins with RNA chaperone activity includes proteins that, first, open up misfolded structures without requirement of ATP and that, second, are dispensable once the RNA has been folded. coli showed that 1/3 of the tested proteins possesses strong RNA chaperone activity in vitro in the trans-splicing assay [21] . E. coli contains nine members of the csp family and CspA, the major cold-shock protein and CspE were identified to interact non-specifically with RNA molecules and to possess nucleic acid melting activities [44] [45] [46] . Later, a detailed study on possible functions of Ro RNPs, which are Ro ribonucleoprotein complexes, composed of a small noncoding cytoplasmic RNA, termed Y RNA and its protein partners was conducted: besides the permanently associated proteins Ro60 and La, subpopulations of Ro-RNPs also contain hnRNP I and hnRNP K, both of which exhibited strong RNA chaperone activity in vitro in the transsplicing and the cis-splicing assay [22] . abstract: Proteins with RNA chaperone activity are ubiquitous proteins that play important roles in cellular mechanisms. They prevent RNA from misfolding by loosening misfolded structures without ATP consumption. RNA chaperone activity is studied in vitro and in vivo using oligonucleotide- or ribozyme-based assays. Due to their functional as well as structural diversity, a common chaperoning mechanism or universal motif has not yet been identified. A growing database of proteins with RNA chaperone activity has been established based on evaluation of chaperone activity via the described assays. Although the exact mechanism is not yet understood, it is more and more believed that disordered regions within proteins play an important role. This possible mechanism and which proteins were found to possess RNA chaperone activity are discussed here. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21234377/ doi: 10.1155/2011/532908 id: cord-336578-5qzpd890 author: Sethiya, Jigar P. title: MmpL3 Inhibition: A New Approach to Treat Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections date: 2020-08-27 words: 13604.0 sentences: 823.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-336578-5qzpd890.txt txt: ./txt/cord-336578-5qzpd890.txt summary: The increasing incidence, limited efficacy of current treatment options, and significant risk of drug-resistance in NTM infections suggest an urgent need for new antimycobacterial agents. Even though mycolic acids are found in all mycobacterial pathogens and provide similar cellular protection, structural integrity, and virulence, The increasing incidence, limited efficacy of current treatment options, and significant risk of drug-resistance in NTM infections suggest an urgent need for new antimycobacterial agents. Recently developed compounds targeting the MmpL3 transporter, a new and promiscuous target recognizing many structurally unique chemotypes, have proven to be effective in both TB and NTM infections. From the second series, the compound with the highest potency contained a cyclooctyl ring and 4,6-dimethyl indole (1, Table 1 ), having an activity ranging from 0.0039 to 0.6 µg/mL against RGM. From the second series, the compound with the highest potency contained a cyclooctyl ring and 4,6-dimethyl indole (1, Table 1 ), having an activity ranging from 0.0039 to 0.6 µg/mL against RGM. abstract: Outside of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae, nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental mycobacteria (>190 species) and are classified as slow- or rapid-growing mycobacteria. Infections caused by NTM show an increased incidence in immunocompromised patients and patients with underlying structural lung disease. The true global prevalence of NTM infections remains unknown because many countries do not require mandatory reporting of the infection. This is coupled with a challenging diagnosis and identification of the species. Current therapies for treatment of NTM infections require multidrug regimens for a minimum of 18 months and are associated with serious adverse reactions, infection relapse, and high reinfection rates, necessitating discovery of novel antimycobacterial agents. Robust drug discovery processes have discovered inhibitors targeting mycobacterial membrane protein large 3 (MmpL3), a protein responsible for translocating mycolic acids from the inner membrane to periplasm in the biosynthesis of the mycobacterial cell membrane. This review focuses on promising new chemical scaffolds that inhibit MmpL3 function and represent interesting and promising putative drug candidates for the treatment of NTM infections. Additionally, agents (FS-1, SMARt-420, C10) that promote reversion of drug resistance are also reviewed. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176202 doi: 10.3390/ijms21176202 id: cord-000884-zq8kqf6h author: Shen, Hsin-Hui title: Reconstitution of Membrane Proteins into Model Membranes: Seeking Better Ways to Retain Protein Activities date: 2013-01-14 words: 6861.0 sentences: 355.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-000884-zq8kqf6h.txt txt: ./txt/cord-000884-zq8kqf6h.txt summary: This review will discuss the reconstitution of membrane protein activities in four different types of model membrane—monolayers, supported lipid bilayers, liposomes and nanodiscs, comparing their advantages in membrane protein reconstitution. To simplify cell membrane systems, model membranes such as monolayers, bilayers, liposomes and nanodiscs have been developed, enabling detailed investigation of membrane protein structure in lipid membranes. There are a number of approaches used to create a model membrane in order to mimic properties of the native cell membrane, and we will review these various approaches for reconstituting membrane proteins into different types of model membrane-monolayers [5] , supported planar lipid bilayer [6] and liposomes [7] as shown in Figure 1A -C. By using this approach, it appears that both PLA2 and PLC are active at the monolayer model membrane, indicating that the kinetics of phospholipid hydrolysis at the air-water interface can be monitored by biophysical characterization techniques in situ such as PM-IRRAS and infrared reflection adsorption spectroscopy [22] . abstract: The function of any given biological membrane is determined largely by the specific set of integral membrane proteins embedded in it, and the peripheral membrane proteins attached to the membrane surface. The activity of these proteins, in turn, can be modulated by the phospholipid composition of the membrane. The reconstitution of membrane proteins into a model membrane allows investigation of individual features and activities of a given cell membrane component. However, the activity of membrane proteins is often difficult to sustain following reconstitution, since the composition of the model phospholipid bilayer differs from that of the native cell membrane. This review will discuss the reconstitution of membrane protein activities in four different types of model membrane—monolayers, supported lipid bilayers, liposomes and nanodiscs, comparing their advantages in membrane protein reconstitution. Variation in the surrounding model environments for these four different types of membrane layer can affect the three-dimensional structure of reconstituted proteins and may possibly lead to loss of the proteins activity. We also discuss examples where the same membrane proteins have been successfully reconstituted into two or more model membrane systems with comparison of the observed activity in each system. Understanding of the behavioral changes for proteins in model membrane systems after membrane reconstitution is often a prerequisite to protein research. It is essential to find better solutions for retaining membrane protein activities for measurement and characterization in vitro. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3565336/ doi: 10.3390/ijms14011589 id: cord-293974-jcpkla55 author: Simões, Marta Filipa title: Mycogenic Metal Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Mycobacterioses date: 2020-09-02 words: 6797.0 sentences: 375.0 pages: flesch: 34.0 cache: ./cache/cord-293974-jcpkla55.txt txt: ./txt/cord-293974-jcpkla55.txt summary: The aims of this review are to showcase the extensive research and application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and other metal nanoparticles (MNPs) as antimicrobial agents. The fact that NTM share many infectious traits with the causing agents of tuberculosis (TB) allows them to be used in many research studies as model organisms of infection for this disease, with the advantage of being less pathogenic and faster growing species [7, 9] . Mycogenic synthesis of AgNPs combines the best of both worlds: the most effective MNPs that nanotechnology has developed together with the green production process mediated by fungi [80] . So far, little has been explored combining the use of mycogenic AgNPs and the fight against TB and other mycobacterioses, but the efforts presented in Table 4 show the potential to exert some control over this infection and its increasing resistance. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis abstract: Mycobacterial infections are a resurgent and increasingly relevant problem. Within these, tuberculosis (TB) is particularly worrying as it is one of the top ten causes of death in the world and is the infectious disease that causes the highest number of deaths. A further concern is the on-going emergence of antimicrobial resistance, which seriously limits treatment. The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened current circumstances and future infections will be more incident. It is urgent to plan, draw solutions, and act to mitigate these issues, namely by exploring new approaches. The aims of this review are to showcase the extensive research and application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and other metal nanoparticles (MNPs) as antimicrobial agents. We highlight the advantages of mycogenic synthesis, and report on their underexplored potential as agents in the fight against all mycobacterioses (non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections as well as TB). We propose further exploration of this field. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9090569 doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9090569 id: cord-265764-h4zg0q8x author: Singh, Kamaljit title: Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline–pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies date: 2013-06-10 words: 4082.0 sentences: 219.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-265764-h4zg0q8x.txt txt: ./txt/cord-265764-h4zg0q8x.txt summary: On the other hand, pyrimidine-based compounds are well known for their wide range of promising antiviral [22] , antitubercular [23] , anti-AIDS [24] , antinociceptive [25] , antifungal [26] , antitumor [27] and antimalarial activities [28] apart from their role in the nucleic acid synthesis. The in vitro antimalarial screening of the new synthesized compounds 5aeg revealed good to moderate activities in nM range against both the tested Dd2 (CQ S ) and D10 strains (CQ R ) of P. Analysis of the activity of the compounds recorded in Table 1 reveals that replacing C-5 ethyl ester of the previously reported [29] decrease in antimalarial activity against both the chloroquine sensitive and chloroquine resistant strains of P. In this study, we have evaluated the mechanism of antimalarial activity of the most potent compound 5b of the series by studying its binding with heme (Fig. 4) . abstract: One of the most viable options to tackle the growing resistance to the antimalarial drugs such as artemisinin is to resort to synthetic drugs. The multi-target strategy involving the use of hybrid drugs has shown promise. In line with this, new hybrids of quinoline with pyrimidine have been synthesized and evaluated for their antiplasmodial activity against both CQ(S) and CQ(R) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. These depicted activity in nanomolar range and were found to bind to heme as well as AT rich pUC18 DNA. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23811093/ doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.05.046 id: cord-304375-l5gvpat3 author: Singh, Kamaljit title: 2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure–activity relationship and mode of action studies date: 2012-03-13 words: 6588.0 sentences: 381.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-304375-l5gvpat3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-304375-l5gvpat3.txt summary: Some of the compounds showed in vitro anti-plasmodial activity against drug-sensitive CQ(S) (3D7) and drug-resistant CQ(R) (K1) strains of Plasmodium falciparum in the nM range. In this communication, we report synthesis of a set of compounds that possess basic, hydrophobic as well as hydrogen bonding substituents, required for targeting either or both heme as well as DNA, thus providing new antimalarial agents active against chloroquine resistant strains of P. We have evaluated their anti-plasmodial activity, cytotoxicity and cytostatic activity, binding studies with DNA and heme (monomeric as well as m-oxo dimeric) using UVevisible, fluorescence spectrophotometry as well as NMR analysis. The comparison of association constants of 10r and 10c for monomeric and m-oxo heme reveals that both compounds bind strongly with m-oxo heme than monomeric heme and inhibit hemozoin formation by blocking the growing face of heme resulting in the observed anti-plasmodial activity. abstract: 2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinolines were synthesized using an efficacious protocol. Some of the compounds showed in vitro anti-plasmodial activity against drug-sensitive CQ(S) (3D7) and drug-resistant CQ(R) (K1) strains of Plasmodium falciparum in the nM range. In particular, 5-isopropyloxycarbonyl-6-methyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-2-[(7-chloroquinolin-4-ylamino)butylamino] pyrimidine depicted the lowest IC(50) (3.6 nM) value (56-fold less than CQ) against CQ(R) strain. Structure–activity profile and binding with heme, μ-oxo-heme have been studied. Binding assays with DNA revealed better binding with target parasite type AT rich pUC18 DNA. Most compounds were somewhat cytotoxic, but especially cytostatic. Molecular docking analysis with Pf DHFR allowed identification of stabilizing interactions. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0223523412001511 doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.03.007 id: cord-327521-g5vefajw author: Spisni, Enzo title: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Microbial-Modulating Activities of Essential Oils: Implications in Colonic Pathophysiology date: 2020-06-10 words: 9179.0 sentences: 411.0 pages: flesch: 34.0 cache: ./cache/cord-327521-g5vefajw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-327521-g5vefajw.txt summary: In recent years, many studies have analyzed their antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anticancer properties in vitro and on experimentally induced animal models of colitis and colorectal cancer. The recent discovery of the complexity of the human intestinal microbiota, composed of bacteria, fungi and viruses, and its intricate pathophysiological relationships with the immune system and the enteric nervous system, makes EOs truly interesting for their antimicrobial activities, often selective for the different microbial components. Recent studies have shown that geraniol administration reduced the intestinal inflammation induced by DSS [7] , but these anti-inflammatory effects could be also linked to its antioxidant activity, since its administration resulted in a decreased iNOS activity and a decreased lipid peroxidation, in a rat model of colitis [22] . Geraniol antibacterial activity seems to be linked to his property to destabilize bacterial cell wall and damage transmembrane efflux pumps, thus restoring drug-sensitivity in different bacterial antibiotic-resistant strains, such as Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii [29] . abstract: Essential oils (EOs) are a complex mixture of hydrophobic and volatile compounds synthesized from aromatic plants, most of them commonly used in the human diet. In recent years, many studies have analyzed their antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anticancer properties in vitro and on experimentally induced animal models of colitis and colorectal cancer. However, there are still few clinical studies aimed to understand their role in the modulation of the intestinal pathophysiology. Many EOs and some of their molecules have demonstrated their efficacy in inhibiting bacterial, fungi and virus replication and in modulating the inflammatory and oxidative processes that take place in experimental colitis. In addition to this, their antitumor activity against colorectal cancer models makes them extremely interesting compounds for the modulation of the pathophysiology of the large bowel. The characterization of these EOs is made difficult by their complexity and by the different compositions present in the same oil having different geographical origins. This review tries to shift the focus from the EOs to their individual compounds, to expand their possible applications in modulating colon pathophysiology. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32532055/ doi: 10.3390/ijms21114152 id: cord-277541-ieex2xwx author: Sun, Jian title: Trypsin Isoinhibitors with Antiproliferative Activity toward Leukemia Cells from Phaseolus vulgaris cv “White Cloud Bean” date: 2010-06-14 words: 3588.0 sentences: 210.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-277541-ieex2xwx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-277541-ieex2xwx.txt summary: title: Trypsin Isoinhibitors with Antiproliferative Activity toward Leukemia Cells from Phaseolus vulgaris cv "White Cloud Bean" A purification protocol that comprised ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on SP-Sepharose, and gel filtration by FPLC on Superdex 75 was complied to isolate two trypsin inhibitors from Phaseolus vulgaris cv "White Cloud Bean". They were lacking in activity toward lymphoma MBL2 cells and inhibitory effect on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and fungal growth when tested up to 100 μM. The objective of the present study was to isolate and characterize proteins with protease inhibitory activity from white cloud beans. The present study disclosed the production of two trypsin inhibitors with closely related N-terminal sequences chromatographic behavior and bioactivities by the white cloud bean variety of Phaseolus vulgaris. White cloud bean trypsin inhibitors demonstrate antiproliferative activity against tumor cells but do no inhibit mycelial growth or HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. abstract: A purification protocol that comprised ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on SP-Sepharose, and gel filtration by FPLC on Superdex 75 was complied to isolate two trypsin inhibitors from Phaseolus vulgaris cv “White Cloud Bean”. Both trypsin inhibitors exhibited a molecular mass of 16 kDa and reduced the activity of trypsin with an IC(50) value of about 0.6 μM. Dithiothreitol attenuated the trypsin inhibitory activity, signifying that an intact disulfide bond is indispensable to the activity. [Methyl-(3)H] thymidine incorporation by leukemia L1210 cells was inhibited with an IC(50) value of 28.8 μM and 21.5 μM, respectively. They were lacking in activity toward lymphoma MBL2 cells and inhibitory effect on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and fungal growth when tested up to 100 μM. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20617140/ doi: 10.1155/2010/219793 id: cord-318854-xaus3bma author: Sun, Yi title: Chapter 4 Bioactivity and Synthesis of Diarylheptanoids From Alpinia officinarum date: 2016-12-31 words: 5322.0 sentences: 298.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-318854-xaus3bma.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318854-xaus3bma.txt summary: In this review, we discuss the antitumor-promoting, antiinflammatory, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antiinfluenza, and antiherpes simplex-1 virus activities of diarylheptanoids isolated from galangal resulting from our own and other research groups'' investigation. Compound 6 showed the strongest activity among the four diarylheptanoids (IC 50 : 10 μM), and it also inhibited the mRNA expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and TRP-2, as well as protein levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) [52] . Compounds 2, 6, 15, 16, 47, and 48 were tested for their inhibitory effects on NO production in the LPS-activated macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 [15] . Thus, the reports cited above suggest that diarylheptanoids possess inhibitory effects against inflammatory and tumor-promoting activities. Compound 4 was also active against influenza virus with an EC 50 value of <10 μg/mL [61] , which suggests that 4 is an effective diarylheptanoid against both RSV and influenza virus in vitro. abstract: Abstract Many diarylheptanoids were isolated from the galangal (rhizome of Alpinia officinarum). We are reported the antitumor-promoting, antiinflammatory, cytotoxic, antiinfluenza virus, and antiherpes simplex-1 virus activities of diarylheptanoids. These components in our dietary and herbal supplements are considered to be relatively nontoxic to human. In addition, we synthesized the new compounds. In this review, we discuss the antitumor-promoting, antiinflammatory, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antiinfluenza, and antiherpes simplex-1 virus activities of diarylheptanoids isolated from galangal resulting from our own and other research groups' investigation. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444636010000041 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63601-0.00004-1 id: cord-256992-rwy0n01l author: Taheri, Yasaman title: Myricetin bioactive effects: moving from preclinical evidence to potential clinical applications date: 2020-08-01 words: 7256.0 sentences: 458.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-256992-rwy0n01l.txt txt: ./txt/cord-256992-rwy0n01l.txt summary: Polyphenols are a wide group of plant-derived molecules resulting from secondary metabolism, ubiquitously distributed in vegetable kingdom where they display different activities such as protective effect against UV rays, bacteria, virus and fungi infections, modulation of plant hormones, enzyme inhibition and pollinator attraction [1] . [101] reported the in vitro effect of myricetin on high glucose-induced β-cell apoptosis, possibly via cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) inhibition. Anti-angiogenic effects of myricetin (5 to 20 μM) assessed through in vitro (HUVEC) and in vivo (CAM) models revealed that this compound significantly inhibits angiogenesis induced by OVCAR-3 cells. In SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells, myricetin inhibited viability and induced apoptosis (40 μg/mL, time-dependent manner) through endoplasmic reticulum stress and DNA double-strand breaks [130] . Potential anticancer activity of myricetin in human T24 bladder cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo abstract: Several flavonoids have been recognized as nutraceuticals, and myricetin is a good example. Myricetin is commonly found in plants and their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities is well demonstrated. One of its beneficial biological effects is the neuroprotective activity, showing preclinical activities on Alzheimer, Parkinson, and Huntington diseases, and even in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Also, myricetin has revealed other biological activities, among them as antidiabetic, anticancer, immunomodulatory, cardiovascular, analgesic and antihypertensive. However, few clinical trials have been performed using myricetin as nutraceutical. Thus, this review provides new insights on myricetin preclinical pharmacological activities, and role in selected clinical trials. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-020-03033-z doi: 10.1186/s12906-020-03033-z id: cord-277077-kwaiorp8 author: Tița, Ovidiu title: Use of Yoghurt Enhanced with Volatile Plant Oils Encapsulated in Sodium Alginate to Increase the Human Body’s Immunity in the Present Fight Against Stress date: 2020-10-19 words: 8103.0 sentences: 433.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt summary: The main purpose of this paper is to create a yoghurt with high antioxidant capacity, using only raw materials from Romania; (2) Methods: The bioactive components used to enrich the cow milk yoghurt were extracted as volatile oils out of four aromatic plants: basil, mint, lavender and fennel. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhy-drazyl (DPPH) method was used to determine the antioxidant activity; (3) Results: The results show that cow milk yoghurt enhanced with volatile oils of basil, lavender, mint and fennel, encapsulated in sodium alginate has an antioxidant and antimicrobial effect as a staple food with multiple effects in increasing the body''s immunity. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of volatile fennel oil is offered by the high content of trans-anethole (63.30%), pinene (11.11%) and fenchone (8.32%) [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an aromatic plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is considered a rich source of essential oils. abstract: (1) Background: The COVID–19 pandemic and the imposition of strict but necessary measures to prevent the spread of the new coronavirus have been, and still are, major stress factors for adults, children, and adolescents. Stress harms human health as it creates free radicals in the human body. According to various recent studies, volatile oils from various aromatic plants have a high content of antioxidants and antimicrobial compounds. An external supply of antioxidants is required to destroy these free radicals. The main purpose of this paper is to create a yoghurt with high antioxidant capacity, using only raw materials from Romania; (2) Methods: The bioactive components used to enrich the cow milk yoghurt were extracted as volatile oils out of four aromatic plants: basil, mint, lavender and fennel. Initially, the compounds were extracted to determine the antioxidant capacity, and subsequently, the antioxidant activity of the yoghurt was determined. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhy-drazyl (DPPH) method was used to determine the antioxidant activity; (3) Results: The results show that cow milk yoghurt enhanced with volatile oils of basil, lavender, mint and fennel, encapsulated in sodium alginate has an antioxidant and antimicrobial effect as a staple food with multiple effects in increasing the body’s immunity. The antioxidant activity proved to be considerably higher than the control sample. The highest antioxidant activity was obtained on the first day of the analysis, decreasing onwards to measurements taken on days 10 and 20. The cow milk yoghurt enriched with volatile basil oil obtained the best results; (4) Conclusions: The paper shows that yoghurts with a high antioxidant capacity were obtained, using only raw materials from Romania. A healthy diet, compliance with safety conditions and finding appropriate and safe methods to increase the body’s immunity is a good alternative to a major transition through harder times, such as pandemics. The creation of food products that include natural antioxidant compounds combines both the current great possibility of developing food production in Romania and the prevention and reduction of the effects caused by pandemic stress in the human body. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33086508/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207588 id: cord-027712-2o4svbms author: Urošević, Vladimir title: Baseline Modelling and Composite Representation of Unobtrusively (IoT) Sensed Behaviour Changes Related to Urban Physical Well-Being date: 2020-05-31 words: 4141.0 sentences: 136.0 pages: flesch: 30.0 cache: ./cache/cord-027712-2o4svbms.txt txt: ./txt/cord-027712-2o4svbms.txt summary: We present the grounding approach, deployment and preliminary validation of the elementary devised model of physical well-being in urban environments, summarizing the heterogeneous personal Big Data (on physical activity/exercise, walking, cardio-respiratory fitness, quality of sleep and related lifestyle and health habits and status, continuously collected for over a year mainly through wearable IoT devices and survey instruments in 7 global testbed cities) into 5 composite domain indicators/indexes convenient for interpretation and use in predictive public health and preventive interventions. In the first approach, daily and intra-daily underlying measurements (Table 1 ) are used to estimate levels of adherence to rule-and range-based recommendations matured from institutional knowledge of relevant authorities and population-significant studies in the field, accumulated for over decades in the stated four example domains of motility, physical activity, sleep quality and cardio-respiratory fitness [8, 10, 11] . abstract: We present the grounding approach, deployment and preliminary validation of the elementary devised model of physical well-being in urban environments, summarizing the heterogeneous personal Big Data (on physical activity/exercise, walking, cardio-respiratory fitness, quality of sleep and related lifestyle and health habits and status, continuously collected for over a year mainly through wearable IoT devices and survey instruments in 7 global testbed cities) into 5 composite domain indicators/indexes convenient for interpretation and use in predictive public health and preventive interventions. The approach is based on systematized comprehensive domain knowledge implemented through range/threshold-based rules from institutional and study recommendations, combined with statistical methods, and will serve as a representative and performance benchmark for evolution and evaluation of more complex and advanced well-being models for the aimed predictive analytics (incorporating machine learning methods) in subsequent development underway. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7313283/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-51517-1_13 id: cord-296769-xnjmk4pm author: Valentová, Kateřina title: Cytoprotective Activity of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants date: 2020-08-06 words: 1151.0 sentences: 62.0 pages: flesch: 29.0 cache: ./cache/cord-296769-xnjmk4pm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-296769-xnjmk4pm.txt summary: The mechanism of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of aspirin on hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury was studied in NF-κB-luciferase transgenic mice. Fetească neagră tendrils and leaves extracts, intended to be used in oral hygiene products recommended in periodontal disease, displayed a cytoprotective effect against nicotine-induced cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity in human gingival fibroblasts [19] . opulus fruit fresh juice and a phenolic-rich fraction were able to decrease intracellular oxidative stress in mice insulinoma MIN6 cells, induced glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in the presence of an elevated glucose concentration, and inhibited in vitro activity of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 [21] . Moreover, their anti-inflammatory activity was studied in macrophages and multidrug resistance modulation as inhibition of P-glycoprotein and sensitization of doxorubicin-resistant ovarian carcinoma cells overproducing P-glycoprotein was detected and the effect on related gene expression revealed a distinct mechanism of action for the individual compounds [23, 24] . abstract: Numerous chronic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular, chronic respiratory or neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus, retinal damage, and others are associated with oxidative stress [...]. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9080713 doi: 10.3390/antiox9080713 id: cord-303468-95btvr1v author: Verran, Joanna title: Biofilm Control Strategies: Engaging with the Public date: 2020-07-30 words: 3148.0 sentences: 145.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-303468-95btvr1v.txt txt: ./txt/cord-303468-95btvr1v.txt summary: This short communication describes three public engagement activities hosted by the authors, focused on biofilm control: hand hygiene, plaque control and an externally applied antimicrobial coating. Thus, as part of a PhD project investigating the activity of photocatalytic surfaces, one of the external walls of the University was used to illustrate the effectiveness of titanium dioxide paints in terms of self-cleaning and reduction of the formation of biofilm on the wall material. Our aim was to inform the passing public about our research (an interpretation panel was affixed to the wall), and on occasion, we encouraged passers-by to participate in a longitudinal subjective assessment of the impact of titanium dioxide-containing paint on the perceived cleanliness of the panel. abstract: There are few peer-reviewed publications about public engagement with science that are written by microbiologists; those that exist tend to be a narrative of an event rather than a hypothesis-driven investigation. However, it is relatively easy for experienced scientists to use a scientific method in their approach to public engagement. This short communication describes three public engagement activities hosted by the authors, focused on biofilm control: hand hygiene, plaque control and an externally applied antimicrobial coating. In each case, audience engagement was assessed using quantitative and/or qualitative methods. A critical evaluation of the findings enabled the construction of a public engagement ‘tick list’ for future events that would enable a hypothesis-driven approach with more effective communication activities and more robust evaluation. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9080465 doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9080465 id: cord-278654-dxx6z2fj author: Wysocki, Jan title: Reduced plasma ACE2 activity in dialysis patients: another piece in the conundrum of factors involved in hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity? date: 2013-06-19 words: 1774.0 sentences: 98.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-278654-dxx6z2fj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-278654-dxx6z2fj.txt summary: the reduction in plasma ACE2 activity reported in ESRD patients treated by dialysis, particularly in female subjects, could limit Ang II degradation leading to increased levels of this peptide, which could contribute to the high prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity that afflicts the dialysis population When compared with historic samples from healthy subjects, however, all CKD groups examined, i.e. predialysis, transplant patients and even subjects on dialysis, seemed to have increased levels of plasma ACE2 activity. What the study shows, in our opinion, is that while plasma ACE2 activity tends to increase in CKD patients, perhaps as a compensatory mechanism to attenuate Ang II overactivity, at the time that ESRD is reached and dialysis initiated a relative deficiency in plasma ACE2 activity ensues. This abnormally expressed endothelial protein could be shed into the circulation and could be the source of increased plasma ACE2 activity in certain conditions such as myocardial infarction, kidney disease or diabetes. abstract: the reduction in plasma ACE2 activity reported in ESRD patients treated by dialysis, particularly in female subjects, could limit Ang II degradation leading to increased levels of this peptide, which could contribute to the high prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity that afflicts the dialysis population url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23787547/ doi: 10.1093/ndt/gft240 id: cord-321985-w84wwkgi author: Xing, Shihua title: Simulated gastrointestinal tract metabolism and pharmacological activities of water extract of Scutellaria baicalensis roots date: 2014-02-27 words: 4481.0 sentences: 237.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-321985-w84wwkgi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-321985-w84wwkgi.txt summary: RESULTS: Main constituents of WESB remain unchanged during the incubation with simulated gastric juice (pH=1.5) and intestinal juice (pH=6.8), whereas four flavones, baicalin, wogonoside, oroxyloside and norwogonoside were metabolized into their respective aglycons by human intestinal bacteria. In this study, the water extract of Huangqin, the root of Scutellaria baicalensis (WESB) was incubated with simulated gastric and intestinal juices, and human fecal microflora, their metabolites were identified and the in vitro anticomplementary activity was evaluated. The inhibitory activity of main compounds in Huangqin as well as their metabolites against the standard strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), Enterococcus faecalis (gram-positive bacteria), Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa (gram-negative bacteria) was determined to understand the role of gastrointestinal tract conditions on pharmacological effects of Huangqin. According to the content changes as well as the chemical structure of the eight ingredients in WESB, we concluded that four flavone glycosides, baicalin, wogonoside, oroxyloside and norwogonoside were converted to their respective aglycons, i.e. baicalein, wogonin, oroxylin A and norwogonin by intestinal bacteria. abstract: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: . SCUTELLARIA BAICALENSIS: Georgi (Labiatae) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, etc. The present study was to understand the metabolism of the root of Scutellaria baicalensis (a.k.a. Huangqin in Chinese) in the gastrointestinal tract and the correlation between the metabolites and their respective pharmacological activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The water extract of the root of Scutellaria baicalensis (WESB) was incubated with simulated gastric and intestinal juices, and human fecal microflora for 24 h at 37 °C. The HPLC–DAD analysis was used to monitor the in vitro metabolic process and identify its metabolites by comparing their absorption spectrum and retention time with those of chemical references. The in vitro anticomplementary and antimicrobial activity was evaluated with hemolysis assay, agar disc-diffusion method and MIC value, respectively. RESULTS: Main constituents of WESB remain unchanged during the incubation with simulated gastric juice (pH=1.5) and intestinal juice (pH=6.8), whereas four flavones, baicalin, wogonoside, oroxyloside and norwogonoside were metabolized into their respective aglycons by human intestinal bacteria. All four metabolites were demonstrated to have higher anticomplementary and antimicrobial activity than those of WESB. The anticomplementary active metabolites were identified to be baicalein, oroxylin A and norwogonin, among them, norwogonin is the most active compound. CONCLUSION: The presence of intestinal bacteria is demonstrated to play an important role in the gastrointestinal metabolism of WESB, and the pharmacological effects of Scutellaria baicalensis may be dependent on the intestinal bacteria metabolism. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24412378/ doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.056 id: cord-005337-3f6pwyy3 author: Yoon, Hyun Kyung title: Recent development of highly sensitive protease assay methods: Signal amplification through enzyme cascades date: 2013-01-04 words: 4060.0 sentences: 197.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005337-3f6pwyy3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005337-3f6pwyy3.txt summary: title: Recent development of highly sensitive protease assay methods: Signal amplification through enzyme cascades Various methods have been developed to analyze protease activity, among which, protease assays based on resonance energy transfer are currently used most widely. In this review, we briefly summarize the protease assay methods based on resonance energy transfer, and then elaborate the efforts to develop sensitive protease assays through signal amplification by using enzyme cascades. FRET methods have been widely used to assay protease activities because of its advantages, especially coming from the fact the signal is based on fluorescence [17, 18] . For instance, a highthroughput FRET-based method for assaying OmpT endopeptidase activity was used for engineering the substrate specificity of the enzyme [23, 24] . Detection and characterization of SUMO protease activity using a sensitive enzyme-based reporter assay abstract: Proteases are involved in almost all biological processes, and therefore, aberrant activity of many of these enzymes is an important indicator of disease. Various methods have been developed to analyze protease activity, among which, protease assays based on resonance energy transfer are currently used most widely. However, quantitative methods with relatively higher sensitivity are needed, especially for disease diagnosis at early stages. One of the strategies to achieve higher sensitivity is to implement signal amplification of the protease activity. In this review, we briefly summarize the protease assay methods based on resonance energy transfer, and then elaborate the efforts to develop sensitive protease assays through signal amplification by using enzyme cascades. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7090753/ doi: 10.1007/s12257-012-0545-9 id: cord-292286-ygomb3oi author: Zakaryan, Hovakim title: Flavonoids: promising natural compounds against viral infections date: 2017-05-25 words: 6064.0 sentences: 327.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-292286-ygomb3oi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-292286-ygomb3oi.txt summary: Flavonoids are widely distributed as secondary metabolites produced by plants and play important roles in plant physiology, having a variety of potential biological benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activity. The antiviral activity of flavones is known from the 1990s, when it was showed that the simultaneous application of apigenin with acyclovir resulted in an enhanced antiviral effect on herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) in cell culture [92] . Besides these DNA viruses, apigenin was found to exert antiviral effect against African swine fever virus (ASFV), by suppressing the viral protein synthesis and reducing the ASFV yield by 3 log [46]. Besides these viruses, EGCG has been found to exert antiviral activity against HCV by preventing the attachment of the virus to the cell surface and suppressing RNA replication steps [8, 15] . Antiviral activity of baicalin against influenza A (H1N1/ H3N2) virus in cell culture and in mice and its inhibition of neuraminidase abstract: Flavonoids are widely distributed as secondary metabolites produced by plants and play important roles in plant physiology, having a variety of potential biological benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activity. Different flavonoids have been investigated for their potential antiviral activities and several of them exhibited significant antiviral properties in in vitro and even in vivo studies. This review summarizes the evidence for antiviral activity of different flavonoids, highlighting, where investigated, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action on viruses. We also present future perspectives on therapeutic applications of flavonoids against viral infections. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28547385/ doi: 10.1007/s00705-017-3417-y id: cord-346060-ns6v76rb author: degli Espinosa, Francesca title: A Model of Support for Families of Children With Autism Living in the COVID-19 Lockdown: Lessons From Italy date: 2020-06-02 words: 6478.0 sentences: 260.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-346060-ns6v76rb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-346060-ns6v76rb.txt summary: After the first 2 weeks of lockdown with limited structure and free reinforcement access, in some of our first cohort families we observed the following during our online meetings: high levels of escape from simple instructions, the loss of independence and communication skills (appropriate mands), satiation (significant reduction in the time children spent with favorite items), an increase in problematic interactions between parents and all children, and unmanageable levels of mands for attention (both appropriate and inappropriate). Although, in general, the daily structure centered on adult-led or shared activities alternated with periods of solitary reinforcement, all parents learned to interact with their children and siblings in a way that worked for them and maintained low rates of problem behavior. We wished to create a mutually reinforcing situation for both the adults and the children, where parents could experience success in delivering instructions and interacting with their child, given that they would need to engage in this behavior daily in a confined space, over extended periods of time without a break. abstract: Italy has been the European country most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic to date and has been in social lockdown for the longest period of time compared to other countries outside China. Almost overnight, Italian behavior analysts were faced with the challenge of setting up remotely whole-family systems aimed at maintaining adaptive skills and low levels of challenging behavior to be carried out solely by caregivers. Given these extraordinary circumstances, the protocols available from the applied behavior-analytic, parent training, and autism literature did not appear to fully meet the needs of parents having to be with their children under extreme levels of stress in a confined space with limited reinforcers for 24 hr a day, 7 days a week. To meet this unprecedented challenge, we developed a dynamic and holistic protocol that extended to the full day and that recognized the need for sustainable intervention delivered solely by parents, who were often looking after more than one child. These practices are presented in this article, together with a discussion of lessons we have learned thus far, which may be useful for behavior analysts working in other regions in which the effects of the pandemic are not yet fully realized. Although somewhat unorthodox, we include some parent comments at the end with the goal of sharing the parent perspective in real time as this pandemic unfolds across the world. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32837696/ doi: 10.1007/s40617-020-00438-7 id: cord-001835-0s7ok4uw author: nan title: Abstracts of the 29th Annual Symposium of The Protein Society date: 2015-10-01 words: 138514.0 sentences: 6150.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt summary: Altogether, these results indicate that, although PHDs might be more selective for HIF as a substrate as it was initially thought, the enzymatic activity of the prolyl hydroxylases is possibly influenced by a number of other proteins that can directly bind to PHDs. Non-natural aminoacids via the MIO-enzyme toolkit Alina Filip 1 , Judith H Bartha-V ari 1 , Gergely B an oczy 2 , L aszl o Poppe 2 , Csaba Paizs 1 , Florin-Dan Irimie 1 1 Biocatalysis and Biotransformation Research Group, Department of Chemistry, UBB, 2 Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology An attractive enzymatic route to enantiomerically pure to the highly valuable a-or b-aromatic amino acids involves the use of aromatic ammonia lyases (ALs) and aminomutases (AMs). Continuing our studies of the effect of like-charged residues on protein-folding mechanisms, in this work, we investigated, by means of NMR spectroscopy and molecular-dynamics simulations, two short fragments of the human Pin1 WW domain [hPin1(14-24); hPin1(15-23)] and one single point mutation system derived from hPin1(14-24) in which the original charged residues were replaced with non-polar alanine residues. abstract: nan url: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pro.2823 doi: 10.1002/pro.2823 id: cord-004879-pgyzluwp author: nan title: Programmed cell death date: 1994 words: 81677.0 sentences: 4465.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt summary: Furthermore kinetic experiments after complementation of HIV=RT p66 with KIV-RT pSl indicated that HIV-RT pSl can restore rate and extent of strand displacement activity by HIV-RT p66 compared to the HIV-RT heterodimer D66/D51, suggesting a function of the 51 kDa polypeptide, The mouse mammary tumor virus proviral DNA contains an open reading frame in the 3'' long terminal repeat which can code for a 36 kDa polypeptide with a putative transmembrane sequence and five N-linked glycosylation sites. To this end we used constructs encoding the c-fos (and c-jun) genes fused to the hormone-binding domain of the human estrogen receptor, designated c-FosER (and c-JunER), We could show that short-term activation (30 mins.) of c-FosER by estradiole (E2) led to the disruption of epithelial cell polarity within 24 hours, as characterized by the expression of apical and basolateral marker proteins. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7087532/ doi: 10.1007/bf02033112 id: cord-004948-ad3i9wgj author: nan title: 7th International Congress on Amino Acids and Proteins : Vienna, Austria, August 6–10, 2001 date: 2001 words: 73534.0 sentences: 3588.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt summary: Specific CTL were derived by immunization of HHD mice with tumor peptide extracts loaded on antigen presenting cells and with HHD transfected human tumor cell lines CTL induced against peptides from various tumors recognized tumor peptides more effectively than peptides extracted from normal tissues and also reacted with a serie of peptides derived from overexpressed candidate proteins, identified by differential display methods (SAGE, Microarrays) Comparison of CTL derived from HHD mice to CTL induced from patient''s PBMC showed overlapping recognition of many candidate peptides. By comparison of pro-teomic cell maps from normal controls and individuals affected with lysosomal transport disorders we have selected and identified several candidate disease-causing proteins, which have to be further studied by mutation analysis and functional expression. The results of the in vitro studies available to date strongly suggest that its effects on neuronal amino acid transport processes is mediated via some novel extracellular mechanism controlling the H ϩ (and/or other ionic) concentrations of neurones. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7087755/ doi: 10.1007/s007260170030 id: cord-006230-xta38e7j author: nan title: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie e.V. date: 2012-02-22 words: 135419.0 sentences: 7042.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt summary: Here, we will present our analysis of Ca 2+ signaling following stimulation of the FcεRI receptor and application of secretagogues that are supposed to affect Ca 2+ -dependent mast cell activation such as adenosine, endothelin-1, substance P and compound 48/80 in BMMCs and PMCs derived from mouse lines with inactivation of TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5 or TRPC6 since specific antagonists are still lacking for these TRP channels. These data indicate that increased PP2A activity is associated with modified gene expression in TG hearts possibly affecting stress response and regulation of cell signalling. As demonstrated by qPCR and Western blot experiments, mesangial cells showed a marked time-and dose-dependent upregulation of CSE mRNA and protein levels after treatment with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB). The transcription factor cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) plays a critical role in regulating gene expression in response to activation of the cAMPdependent signaling pathway, which is implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7100643/ doi: 10.1007/s00210-012-0736-0 id: cord-006860-a3b8hyyr author: nan title: 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) date: 1996 words: 90660.0 sentences: 5152.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt summary: Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Kiel and Mtinster, Germany Resistance to activated protein C (APCR), in the majority of cases associated with the Arg 506 Gin point mutation in the factor V gene is present in more than 50 % of patients < 60 years of age with unexplained thrombophilia. The regular APC resistance test is not applicable to plasma from Orally anticoagulated (OAC) or heparinized patients due to decreased levels of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors and to thrombin inhibition by antithrombin, respectively. On admission an extensive coagulation screen yielded the following results (n/normal, t/elevated, I/reduced, +/positive, -/negative): PT t, aPTT t, Tr n, factor II, V, VIII n, factor VII, IX, XI, XII /,, fibrinogan t, ATIII n, protein C, S *, activated protein C sensitivity ratio 1.92 ($), FV-Leidenmutation PCR -, fibrinolytic system n, TAT t, Ft÷2 t, lupus anticoagulant +, heparin induced platelet antibodies +; no diagnosis of a specific autoimmuna disorder could be made. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103196/ doi: 10.1007/bf00641048 id: cord-008777-i2reanan author: nan title: ECB12: 12th European Congess on Biotechnology date: 2005-07-19 words: 151383.0 sentences: 7577.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt txt: ./txt/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt summary: Mollerup Department of Chemical Engineering, Building 229, DTU, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark A variety of factors that govern the properties of proteins are utilized in the development of chromatographic processes for the recovery of biological products including the binding and release of protons, the non-covalent association with non-polar groups (often hydrophobic interactions), the association of small ions (ion exchange) and the highly specific antigen-antibody interaction (affinity interactions). Such fermenters will be needed in order to meet the increasing pressure on costs for low price commodity type products such as single cell protein or food and technical grade enzymes, and to meet the demands of the new wave of white biotech, in which bio-produced chemicals must be made at prices competitive with those of the traditional chemical industry. The presentation will focus on use of the sensitive sandwich hybridization technology for the quantitative analysis of process relevant marker genes in different kind of microbial cell cultures with a focus on the production of recombinant proteins. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7134330/ doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.06.005 id: cord-020010-q58x6xb0 author: nan title: 19th ICAR Abstracts: date: 2006-03-13 words: 46663.0 sentences: 2181.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-020010-q58x6xb0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-020010-q58x6xb0.txt summary: In the present study we reported the antiviral activity of neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir against lethal H5N1 influenza virus infection in ferrets, an appropriate animal model that closely resembles clinical signs of human influenza. Earl Kern 1 , Kathy Keith 2 , Robert Jordan 2 , Dennis Hruby 2 , Debra Quenelle 2 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA; 2 SIGA Technologies, Inc., Corvallis, OR, USA Although cidofovir (CDV) has been approved as an investigational new drug for emergency treatment of smallpox, its lack of oral activity and dose limiting toxicity dictates a need for continued development of better therapeutic agents for this potential bioterror disease. The in vitro antiviral activity of one of the most selective compounds, i.e. CHI-033, was assessed by (i) MTS-based cytopathic effect assays, (ii) virus yield reduction assays, (iii) real-time quantitative PCR (RT-QPCR) and (iv) by monitoring viral antigen expression. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7133865/ doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2006.02.001 id: cord-022779-himray6q author: nan title: Abstracts of oral presentations date: 2005-06-10 words: 3621.0 sentences: 164.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022779-himray6q.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022779-himray6q.txt summary: Here we present a novel strategy to synthesize proteins through a chemical ligation using unprotected peptide segments. Using short portions (7-11 amino acid) rich in positively charged residues from either human lactoferricin or the MARCKS protein as templates, a panel of 70 peptides each possessing a specific chemical structure was synthesized. Subsequent functionalization of such azide groups via Staudinger or "Click" chemistry should provide a convenient method for linking proteins with a diverse array of probes, biomolecules, surfaces and other materials under mild conditions. Moreover, the advantages of peptide and protein chemical synthesis over recombinant-DNA methods are increasingly being used to provide rapid structure-activity information of complex bioactive peptides, small proteins and functional receptor domains. Thus, these new peptides bear all of the requirements which are necessary for formation of cooperatively interacting helical structures and, furthermore, contain domains for cooperative sheet aggregation as well. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7161772/ doi: 10.1002/bip.20321 id: cord-022940-atbjwpo5 author: nan title: Poster Sessions date: 2016-09-07 words: 241182.0 sentences: 12746.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt summary: We have studied the effect of inhibition of IRE1 (inositol requiring enzyme 1), which is a central mediator of endoplasmic reticulum stress and controls cell proliferation and tumor growth, on hypoxic regulation of the expression of different proliferation related genes in U87 glioma cells. Transient inhibition of Akt and mTOR protein kinase activation in tumor cells followed by reactivation of signaling pathway did not result in a time-dependent difference on EGFR, HER2 and HER3 expression levels. In our study we aimed to determine cytotoxic effect of RES in K562 human CML cell line and to evaluate the expressions of miRNAs that are associated with genetics of leukemia after treatment with RES; to investigate target genes of miRNAs which show significant expression alterations and molecular mechanisms of RES treatment. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7164006/ doi: 10.1111/febs.13808 id: cord-022955-vy0qgtll author: nan title: Proteases date: 2005-06-20 words: 36388.0 sentences: 1759.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt summary: In order to understand the molecular basis of the enzyme-substrate binding mechanism, we employ the synthetic peptide and mass spectrometry-based approaches to investigate the significance of selected amino acid residues that are flanking both sides of the SARS-CoV 3CL pro cleavage site. To contribute to the assignment of a physiological role to genomic-derived peptidases and to make them more accessible for the drug discovery process, we have undertaken a program consisting of mRNA expression profiling, full-length recombinant expression in insect cells, purification and determination of the catalytic activity for the human proteolytic enzymes. This comprehensive analysis of the local backbone properties of SGTI in the free and in the complex form made possible to identify conformational similarities and differences responsible for its efficient binding to the enzyme, and provides a good basis for further studying the structural aspects of protease inhibitor specificity. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7164095/ doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.4739_4.x id: cord-023208-w99gc5nx author: nan title: Poster Presentation Abstracts date: 2006-09-01 words: 70854.0 sentences: 3492.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt summary: In order to develop a synthetic protocol by an automated instrumentation, increasing yield, purity of the crude, and reaction time, a microwave-assisted solid phase peptide synthesis was validated comparing the use of the new generation of Triazine-Based Coupling Reagents (TBCRs) with a series of commonly used ones. Ubiquitinium is a well known mechanism in protein degredation of Eukaryotic cells ,in which many obsolte and corrupted three dimentional structure protein ,become marked by covalent attachment of ubuquitin through a multi-step enzymatic pathway.Ubiquitin is a small ,8.5 kDa peptide of 76 amino acid residues that targets such substrtes for proteolysis in proteasome .Recnt studies showed that an extra cellular ubiquitination process also taking place in the epididymes of humans and other animals marks protein on the surface of the defective sperm .it appears that structurally and functionally defective sperm become surface ubiquitinated by epididymal epithelial cells. This head-to-tailcyclized 14-amino-acid peptide contains one disulfide bridge and a lysine residue (Lys5) present in the P1 position, which is responsible for inhibitor specificity.As was reported by us and other groups, SFTI-1 analogues with one cycle only retain trypsin inhibitory activity. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167816/ doi: 10.1002/psc.797 id: cord-023209-un2ysc2v author: nan title: Poster Presentations date: 2008-10-07 words: 111878.0 sentences: 5398.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt summary: Site-specifi c PEGylation of human IgG1-Fab using a rationally designed trypsin variant In the present contribution we report on a novel, highly selective biocatalytic method enabling C-terminal modifi cations of proteins with artifi cial functionalities under native state conditions. Recently, our group report a novel approach to a totally synthetic vaccine which consists of FMDV (Foot and Mouth Disease Virus) VP1 peptides, prepared by covalent conjugation of peptide biomolecules with membrane active carbochain polyelectrolytes In the present study, peptide epitops of VP1 protein both 135-161(P1) amino acid residues (Ser-Lys-Tyr-Ser-Thr-Thr-Gly-Glu-Arg-Thr-Arg-Thr-Arg-Gly-Asp-Leu-Gly-Ala-Leu-Ala-Ala-Arg-Val-Ala-Thr-Gln-Leu-Pro-Ala) and triptophan (Trp) containing on the N terminus 135-161 amino acid residues (Trp-135-161) (P2) were synthesized by using the microwave assisted solid-phase methods. Using as a template a peptide, already identifi ed, with agonist activity against PTPRJ(H-[Cys-His-His-Asn-Leu-Thr-His-Ala-Cys]-OH), here we report a structure-activity study carried out through endocyclic modifi cations (Ala-scan, D-substitutions, single residue deletions, substitutions of the disulfi de bridge) and the preliminary biological results of this set of compounds. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167823/ doi: 10.1002/psc.1090 id: cord-023225-5quigar4 author: nan title: Posters date: 2012-08-21 words: 70251.0 sentences: 3367.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023225-5quigar4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023225-5quigar4.txt summary: To further explore the structure-function relationship, a viable synthesis strategy for pseudodesmin A analogues was developed, based on side-chain attachment of the first amino acid to the solid support, followed by stepwise Fmoc solid-phase synthesis of the linear peptide precursor and on-resin head-to-tail cyclization. The cases when the amino acid sequence of a fragment coincided with part of the primary structure of a natural oligopeptide were recorded in the Total protein chemical synthesis requires a case by case design and optimization which is governed by factors such as the solubility of the individual peptide segments, their primary sequence and in particular the presence of "difficult" amino acid residues at ligation junctions such as proline or the location of cysteines. In this study we present synthesis of two series of peptide libraries, which were designed by substitution of Leu in the P5, P6 position of our control peptide (Ac-LLLLRVKR-AMBA) with each of nineteen amino acid residues in order to verifying its influence on activity and selectivity of the resulting analogues. abstract: No abstract is available for this article. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167970/ doi: 10.1002/psc.2449 id: cord-257167-rz4r5sj7 author: nan title: Abstracts for the 29th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuroscience2006) date: 2006-12-31 words: 240925.0 sentences: 13617.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt summary: SY1-3-11-3 SAD: A novel kinase implicated in phosphoproteome at the presynaptic active zone Toshihisa Ohtsuka Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine/Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan SAD is a serine/threonine kianse, which has been shown to regulate various neuronal functions during development, including clustering synaptic vesicles, maturation of synapses, and axon/dendrite polarization: these have recently been revealed by genetic studies in C. The results suggest that EAAT4 plays a major role in regulating the concentration of CF transmitters, possibly glutamate, in the route of its extrasynaptic diffusion, and determining the degree of CF-induced inhibition of GABA release from BCs depending on the regional difference of EAAT4 expression in postsynaptic PCs. Chitoshi Takayama 1 , Yoshiro Inoue 1 1 Department of Molecular Neuroanatomy, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan GABA mediates inhibitory transmission in the adult central nervous system (CNS). abstract: nan url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S016801020600085X doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2006.04.004 id: cord-356062-7q5n4t97 author: nan title: Cumulative pharmacological activity index volumes 1-30 date: 2005-12-31 words: 6346.0 sentences: 501.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt txt: ./txt/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt summary: abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter lists the important subjects on pharmacological activity that are discussed in the publication Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Volumes 1–30, such as abdominal constriction test, acanthoic acid, acetaminophen, Parkinson's disease, photodynamic activity, prostaglandins, and oleanolic acid. The terms are mentioned along with the page numbers in which they are discussed in the publication. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S1572599505801012 doi: 10.1016/s1572-5995(05)80101-2 ==== make-pages.sh questions [ERIC WAS HERE] ==== make-pages.sh search /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/make-pages.sh: line 77: /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm: No such file or directory Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/tsv2htm-search.py", line 51, in with open( TEMPLATE, 'r' ) as handle : htm = handle.read() FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm' ==== make-pages.sh topic modeling corpus Zipping study carrel