id sid tid token lemma pos cord-253695-tjdw2uta 1 1 key key JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 1 : : : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 2 cord-253695-tjdw2uta cord-253695-tjdw2uta NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 3 authors author NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 4 : : : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 5 Winter Winter NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 6 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 7 Christine Christine NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 8 ; ; : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 9 Herrler Herrler NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 10 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 11 Georg Georg NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 12 ; ; : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 13 Neumann Neumann NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 14 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 15 Ulrich Ulrich NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 16 title title NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 17 : : : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 18 Infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 19 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 20 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 21 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 22 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 23 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 24 infectious infectious JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 25 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 26 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 27 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 28 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 29 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 30 dependent dependent JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 2 31 date date NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 3 1 : : : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 3 2 2007 2007 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 3 3 - - SYM cord-253695-tjdw2uta 3 4 12 12 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 3 5 - - SYM cord-253695-tjdw2uta 3 6 28 28 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 3 7 journal journal NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 3 8 : : : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 4 1 Microbes microbe NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 4 2 Infect infect VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 4 3 DOI doi NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 5 1 : : : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 5 2 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 5 3 / / SYM cord-253695-tjdw2uta 5 4 j.micinf.2007.12.009 j.micinf.2007.12.009 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 5 5 sha sha NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 5 6 : : : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 6 1 12b74658dd1b4a98a8b3edd4f75602d8afec993b 12b74658dd1b4a98a8b3edd4f75602d8afec993b CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 6 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 6 3 : : : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 6 4 253695 253695 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 6 5 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 6 6 : : : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 7 1 tjdw2uta tjdw2uta NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 1 Avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 2 Infectious infectious JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 3 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 4 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 6 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 8 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 9 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 10 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 11 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 12 infects infect VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 13 chickens chicken NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 14 via via IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 15 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 16 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 17 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 18 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 19 primary primary JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 20 target target NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 21 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 8 22 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 2 binding binding NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 4 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 5 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 6 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 7 cell cell NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 8 surface surface NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 9 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 10 mediated mediate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 11 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 13 viral viral JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 14 surface surface NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 15 protein protein NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 9 16 S. S. NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 1 Recently recently RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 3 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 4 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 5 α2,3-linked α2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 6 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 7 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 8 serves serve VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 9 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 10 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 11 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 12 determinant determinant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 13 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 14 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 15 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 16 Vero Vero NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 17 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 18 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 19 primary primary JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 20 chicken chicken NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 21 embryo embryo NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 22 kidney kidney NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 23 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 10 24 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 1 Here here RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 3 analyze analyze VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 4 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 5 importance importance NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 6 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 7 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 8 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 9 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 10 binding bind VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 11 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 12 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 13 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 14 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 15 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 16 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 17 organ organ NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 18 cultures culture NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 20 TOCs TOCs NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 22 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 23 different different JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 24 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 25 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 11 26 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 2 results result NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 3 show show VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 4 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 5 α2,3-linked α2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 6 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 7 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 8 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 9 serves serve VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 10 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 11 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 12 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 13 determinant determinant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 14 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 15 chicken chicken NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 16 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 12 17 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 13 1 Infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 13 2 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 13 3 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 13 4 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 13 5 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 13 6 results result NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 13 7 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 13 8 ciliostasis ciliostasis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 13 9 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 1 Desialylation desialylation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 2 induced induce VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 3 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 4 neuraminidase neuraminidase JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 5 treatment treatment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 6 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 7 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 8 organ organ NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 9 cultures culture NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 10 prior prior RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 11 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 12 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 13 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 14 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 15 delayed delay VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 16 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 17 ciliostatic ciliostatic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 18 effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 19 or or CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 20 resulted result VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 21 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 22 partial partial JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 23 loss loss NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 24 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 25 ciliary ciliary NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 26 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 14 27 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 15 1 This this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 15 2 effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 15 3 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 15 4 observed observe VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 15 5 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 15 6 both both CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 15 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 15 8 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 15 9 nephropathogenic nephropathogenic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 15 10 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 15 11 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 1 Inhibition inhibition NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 2 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 3 ciliostasis ciliostasis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 4 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 5 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 6 observed observe VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 7 when when WRB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 8 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 9 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 10 pretreated pretreate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 11 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 12 an an DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 13 α2,3-specific α2,3-specific FW cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 14 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 16 15 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 1 Analysis analysis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 2 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 3 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 4 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 5 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 6 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 7 reactivity reactivity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 8 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 9 lectins lectin NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 10 revealed reveal VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 11 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 13 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 14 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 15 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 16 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 17 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 18 abundantly abundantly RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 19 express express VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 20 α2,3-linked α2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 21 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 22 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 17 23 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 1 These these DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 2 results result NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 3 indicate indicate VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 4 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 5 α2,3-linked α2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 6 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 7 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 8 plays play VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 9 an an DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 10 important important JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 11 role role NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 12 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 13 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 14 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 15 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 16 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 17 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 18 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 19 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 18 20 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 1 Infectious infectious JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 2 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 3 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 4 one one CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 5 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 6 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 7 most most RBS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 8 significant significant JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 9 diseases disease NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 10 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 11 chickens chicken NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 12 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 13 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 14 commercial commercial JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 15 poultry poultry NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 16 industry industry NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 19 17 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 2 etiologic etiologic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 3 agent agent NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 4 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 5 Infectious infectious JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 6 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 7 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 9 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 11 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 12 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 13 member member NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 14 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 15 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 16 family family NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 17 Coronaviridae Coronaviridae NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 19 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 20 21 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 2 pathology pathology NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 4 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 5 disease disease NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 6 associated associate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 7 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 8 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 9 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 10 can can MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 11 show show VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 12 different different JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 13 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 14 depending depend VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 15 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 16 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 17 tissue tissue NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 18 where where WRB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 19 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 20 replication replication NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 21 occurs occur VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 21 22 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 1 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 2 enters enter VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 3 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 4 host host NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 5 via via IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 6 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 7 oro oro NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 8 / / SYM cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 9 oculo oculo JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 10 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 11 nasal nasal NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 12 route route NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 13 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 14 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 15 first first JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 16 site site NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 17 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 18 replication replication NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 19 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 20 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 21 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 22 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 22 23 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 1 From from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 2 there there RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 3 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 4 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 5 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 6 can can MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 7 spread spread VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 8 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 9 several several JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 10 organs organ NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 11 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 12 including include VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 13 kidney kidney NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 14 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 15 reproductive reproductive JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 16 tract tract NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 18 reviewed review VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 19 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 21 2 2 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 23 24 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 24 1 Secondary secondary JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 24 2 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 24 3 can can MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 24 4 complicate complicate VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 24 5 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 24 6 disease disease NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 24 7 resulting result VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 24 8 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 24 9 increased increase VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 24 10 morbidity morbidity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 24 11 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 24 12 mortality mortality NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 24 13 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 2 tissue tissue NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 3 tropism tropism NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 4 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 5 viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 6 may may MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 7 be be VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 8 determined determine VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 9 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 10 several several JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 11 factors factor NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 12 including include VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 13 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 14 distribution distribution NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 15 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 16 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 17 cellular cellular JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 18 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 19 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 20 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 21 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 25 22 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 1 In in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 2 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 3 case case NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 4 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 5 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 6 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 7 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 8 surface surface NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 9 protein protein NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 10 S S NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 11 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 12 responsible responsible JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 13 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 14 attachment attachment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 15 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 16 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 26 17 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 2 S S NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 3 protein protein NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 4 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 5 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 6 only only RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 7 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 8 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 9 binding bind VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 10 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 11 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 13 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 14 mediates mediate VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 15 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 16 fusion fusion NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 17 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 18 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 19 viral viral JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 20 lipid lipid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 21 envelope envelope NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 22 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 23 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 24 cellular cellular JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 25 membrane membrane NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 27 26 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 1 For for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 2 several several JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 3 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 4 specific specific JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 5 proteins protein NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 6 have have VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 7 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 8 described describe VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 9 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 10 serve serve VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 11 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 12 cellular cellular JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 13 receptors receptor NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 14 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 15 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 16 initiation initiation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 17 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 18 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 28 19 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 1 Angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 2 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 3 converting convert VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 4 enzyme enzyme NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 5 2 2 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 6 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 7 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 8 identified identify VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 9 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 10 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 11 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 12 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 13 SARS SARS NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 14 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 16 3 3 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 17 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 18 4 4 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 20 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 21 several several JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 22 group group NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 23 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 24 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 25 including include VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 26 transmissible transmissible JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 27 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 28 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 29 require require VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 30 aminopeptidase aminopeptidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 31 N N NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 32 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 33 enter enter VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 34 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 35 host host NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 36 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 38 5 5 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 39 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 40 6 6 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 29 42 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 30 1 A a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 30 2 protein protein NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 30 3 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 30 4 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 30 5 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 30 6 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 30 7 identified identify VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 30 8 so so RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 30 9 far far RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 30 10 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 30 11 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 30 12 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 1 Recently recently RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 3 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 4 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 5 a2,3-linked a2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 6 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 7 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 8 serve serve VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 9 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 10 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 11 determinants determinant NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 12 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 13 Vero Vero NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 14 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 15 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 16 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 17 primary primary JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 18 chicken chicken NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 19 embryo embryo NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 20 kidney kidney NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 21 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 23 7 7 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 31 25 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 1 Here here RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 3 show show VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 4 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 5 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 6 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 7 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 8 play play VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 9 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 10 role role NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 11 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 13 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 14 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 15 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 16 avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 17 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 18 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 19 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 20 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 32 21 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 1 Tracheas Tracheas NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 2 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 3 prepared prepare VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 4 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 5 20-day 20-day CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 6 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 7 old old JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 8 SPF SPF NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 9 chicken chicken NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 10 embryos embryo NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 12 Lohmann Lohmann NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 13 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 14 Cuxhaven Cuxhaven NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 15 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 16 Germany Germany NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 18 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 19 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 20 after after IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 21 removing remove VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 22 connective connective JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 23 tissue tissue NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 24 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 25 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 26 cut cut VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 27 manually manually RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 28 into into IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 29 approximately approximately RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 30 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 31 mm mm NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 32 thick thick JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 33 rings ring NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 34 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 35 using use VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 36 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 37 microtome microtome NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 38 blade blade NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 33 39 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 1 Individual individual JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 2 rings ring NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 3 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 4 transferred transfer VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 5 into into IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 6 5 5 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 7 ml ml NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 8 tubes tube NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 10 Sarstedt Sarstedt NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 11 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 12 Nümbrecht Nümbrecht NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 13 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 14 Germany Germany NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 16 containing contain VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 17 0.5 0.5 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 18 ml ml NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 19 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 20 Medium Medium NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 21 199 199 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 22 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 23 Hanks Hanks NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 24 salts salt NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 26 Biochrom Biochrom NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 27 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 28 Berlin Berlin NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 29 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 30 Germany Germany NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 32 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 33 incubated incubate VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 34 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 35 37 37 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 36 C c NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 37 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 38 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 39 rotator rotator NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 34 40 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 2 next next JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 3 day day NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 4 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 5 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 6 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 7 screened screen VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 8 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 9 100 100 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 10 % % NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 11 ciliary ciliary NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 12 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 14 see see VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 15 Section section NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 16 2.5 2.5 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 35 18 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 1 Stock stock NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 2 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 4 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 5 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 6 strains strain VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 7 M41 M41 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 8 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 9 B1648 B1648 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 10 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 11 obtained obtain VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 12 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 13 inoculating inoculate VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 14 embryonated embryonate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 15 SPF SPF NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 16 chicken chicken NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 17 eggs egg NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 36 18 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 1 Following follow VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 2 incubation incubation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 3 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 4 37 37 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 5 C c NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 6 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 7 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 8 allantoic allantoic NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 9 fluid fluid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 10 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 11 collected collect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 12 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 13 clarified clarify VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 14 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 15 low low JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 16 speed speed NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 17 centrifugation centrifugation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 18 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 19 stored store VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 20 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 21 À80 À80 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 22 C. C. NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 23 Strain Strain NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 24 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 25 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 26 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 27 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 28 propagated propagate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 29 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 30 Vero Vero NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 31 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 37 32 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 1 Supernatants supernatant NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 2 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 3 infected infected JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 4 cell cell NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 5 cultures culture NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 6 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 7 harvested harvest VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 8 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 9 clarified clarify VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 10 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 11 low low JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 12 speed speed NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 13 centrifugation centrifugation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 14 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 15 stored store VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 16 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 17 À80 À80 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 38 18 C. C. NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 1 All all DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 2 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 3 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 4 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 5 kindly kindly RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 6 provided provide VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 7 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 8 Dave Dave NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 9 Cavanagh Cavanagh NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 10 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 11 Institute Institute NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 12 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 13 Animal Animal NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 14 Health Health NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 15 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 16 Compton Compton NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 17 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 18 UK UK NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 39 19 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 1 Avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 2 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 3 subtype subtype NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 4 A A NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 5 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 6 employed employ VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 7 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 8 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 9 control control NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 10 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 11 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 12 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 13 kindly kindly RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 14 provided provide VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 15 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 16 Silke Silke NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 17 Rautenschlein Rautenschlein NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 18 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 19 University University NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 20 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 21 Veterinary Veterinary NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 22 Medicine Medicine NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 23 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 24 Hannover Hannover NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 25 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 26 Germany Germany NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 40 27 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 1 TOCs TOCs NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 2 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 3 washed wash VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 4 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 5 PBS PBS NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 6 prior prior RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 7 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 8 addition addition NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 9 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 10 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 11 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 12 Clostridium clostridium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 13 perfringens perfringen NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 15 Type Type NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 16 6 6 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 18 or or CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 19 Streptococcus streptococcus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 20 pneumoniae pneumoniae NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 22 SigmaeAldrich SigmaeAldrich NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 23 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 24 St. St. NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 25 Louis Louis NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 26 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 27 MO MO NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 28 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 29 USA USA NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 31 using use VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 32 MES MES NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 34 2[N 2[n CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 35 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 36 morpholino]ethanesulfonic morpholino]ethanesulfonic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 37 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 39 buffer buffer NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 40 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 41 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 42 diluant diluant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 41 43 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 1 If if IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 2 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 3 otherwise otherwise RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 4 indicated indicate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 5 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 6 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 7 incubated incubate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 8 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 9 50 50 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 10 mU mU NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 11 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 12 per per IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 13 ring ring NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 42 14 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 1 After after IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 2 incubation incubation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 3 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 4 37 37 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 5 C c NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 6 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 7 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 8 h h NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 9 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 10 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 11 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 12 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 13 washed wash VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 14 three three CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 15 times time NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 16 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 17 PBS PBS NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 18 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 19 infected infect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 20 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 21 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 22 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 23 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 25 10 10 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 26 4 4 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 27 pfu pfu NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 28 / / SYM cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 29 ring ring NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 31 or or CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 32 any any DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 33 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 34 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 35 other other JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 36 viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 37 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 38 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 39 h h NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 40 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 41 37 37 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 43 42 C. c. NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 1 Following follow VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 2 three three CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 3 washes wash NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 4 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 5 PBS PBS NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 6 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 7 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 8 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 9 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 10 incubated incubate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 11 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 12 medium medium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 13 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 14 37 37 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 15 C c NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 16 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 17 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 18 rotator rotator NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 44 19 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 1 For for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 2 all all DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 3 experiments experiment NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 4 groups group NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 5 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 6 four four CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 7 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 8 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 9 used use VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 10 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 11 estimate estimate VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 13 mean mean JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 14 ciliary ciliary NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 15 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 45 16 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 46 1 All all DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 46 2 experiments experiment NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 46 3 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 46 4 performed perform VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 46 5 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 46 6 triplicate triplicate NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 46 7 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 1 Each each DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 2 ring ring NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 4 TOC TOC NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 5 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 6 suspended suspend VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 7 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 8 100 100 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 9 ml ml NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 10 medium medium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 11 199 199 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 12 containing contain VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 13 50 50 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 14 mU mU NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 15 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 16 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 17 Clostridium clostridium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 18 perfringens perfringen NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 19 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 20 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 21 some some DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 22 cases case NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 23 2.5 2.5 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 24 mg mg NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 25 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 26 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 27 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 28 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 29 DANA DANA NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 31 2,3-didehydro-2-deoxyneuraminic 2,3-didehydro-2-deoxyneuraminic CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 32 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 47 34 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 1 After after IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 2 incubation incubation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 3 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 4 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 5 h h NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 6 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 7 37 37 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 8 C C NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 9 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 10 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 11 washed wash VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 12 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 13 infected infect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 14 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 15 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 16 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 17 strain strain NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 18 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 19 10 10 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 20 4 4 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 21 pfu pfu NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 22 / / SYM cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 23 ring ring NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 48 24 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 49 1 TOCs TOCs NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 49 2 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 49 3 analyzed analyze VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 49 4 daily daily RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 49 5 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 49 6 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 49 7 microscope microscope NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 49 8 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 49 9 estimate estimate VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 49 10 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 49 11 ciliary ciliary NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 49 12 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 49 13 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 1 Rings ring NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 2 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 3 virtually virtually RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 4 divided divide VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 5 into into IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 6 10 10 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 7 parts part NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 8 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 9 each each DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 10 part part NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 11 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 12 monitored monitor VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 13 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 14 ciliary ciliary NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 15 movement movement NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 50 16 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 1 Only only RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 2 rings ring NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 3 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 4 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 5 starting start VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 6 ciliary ciliary NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 7 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 8 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 9 100 100 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 10 % % NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 11 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 12 used use VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 13 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 14 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 15 experiments experiment NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 51 16 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 1 Groups group NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 2 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 3 five five CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 4 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 5 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 6 infected infect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 7 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 8 triplicate triplicate NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 9 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 10 2 2 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 11 Â â CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 12 10 10 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 13 4 4 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 14 pfu pfu NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 15 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 16 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 52 17 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 1 At at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 2 24 24 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 3 h h NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 4 post post NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 5 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 6 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 7 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 8 supernatants supernatant NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 9 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 10 collected collect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 11 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 12 titrated titrate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 13 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 14 primary primary JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 15 chick chick NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 16 kidney kidney NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 17 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 18 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 19 described describe VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 20 previously previously RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 22 7 7 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 53 24 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 1 Plaques plaque NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 2 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 3 visualized visualize VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 4 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 5 immunofluorescence immunofluorescence NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 6 using use VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 7 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 8 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 9 anti anti JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 10 - - JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 11 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 12 serum serum NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 13 raised raise VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 14 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 15 rabbits rabbit NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 54 16 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 1 Tracheas Tracheas NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 2 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 3 prepared prepare VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 4 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 5 three three CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 6 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 7 week week NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 8 old old JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 9 SPF SPF NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 10 chickens chicken NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 12 Lohmann Lohmann NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 13 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 14 Cuxhaven Cuxhaven NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 15 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 16 Germany Germany NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 55 18 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 56 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 56 2 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 56 3 cut cut VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 56 4 into into IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 56 5 rings ring NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 56 6 approximately approximately RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 56 7 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 56 8 cm cm NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 56 9 thick thick JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 56 10 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 2 rings ring NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 3 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 4 washed wash VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 5 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 6 PBS PBS NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 7 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 8 either either CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 9 infected infect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 10 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 11 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 12 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 13 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 15 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 16 Â â CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 17 10 10 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 18 5 5 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 19 pfu pfu NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 20 / / SYM cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 21 ring ring NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 23 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 24 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 25 h h NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 26 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 27 37 37 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 28 C. C. NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 29 or or CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 30 subjected subject VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 31 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 32 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 33 treatment treatment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 34 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 35 lectin lectin NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 36 staining staining NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 57 37 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 1 Infected infected JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 2 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 3 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 4 incubated incubate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 5 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 6 Medium Medium NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 7 199 199 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 9 Biochrom Biochrom NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 10 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 11 Berlin Berlin NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 12 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 13 Germany Germany NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 15 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 16 37 37 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 17 C. C. NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 18 After after IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 19 24 24 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 20 h h NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 21 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 23 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 24 mounted mount VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 25 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 26 small small JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 27 filter filter NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 28 papers paper NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 29 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 30 tissue tissue NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 31 freezing freeze VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 32 medium medium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 34 Jung Jung NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 35 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 36 Heidelberg Heidelberg NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 37 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 38 Germany Germany NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 40 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 41 frozen freeze VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 42 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 43 liquid liquid JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 44 nitrogen nitrogen NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 58 45 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 1 Neuraminidase Neuraminidase NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 2 treatment treatment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 3 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 4 performed perform VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 5 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 6 incubation incubation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 7 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 8 500 500 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 9 ml ml NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 10 Medium199 Medium199 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 11 containing contain VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 12 200 200 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 13 mU mU NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 14 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 15 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 16 Clostridium clostridium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 17 perfringens perfringen NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 18 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 19 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 20 h h NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 21 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 22 37 37 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 23 C c NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 24 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 25 before before IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 26 freezing freeze VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 27 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 28 liquid liquid JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 29 nitrogen nitrogen NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 59 30 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 2 frozen frozen JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 3 organs organ NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 4 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 5 stored store VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 6 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 7 À20 À20 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 8 C C NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 9 until until IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 10 they -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 11 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 12 cut cut VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 13 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 14 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 15 cryostat cryostat NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 60 16 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 1 Cryosections cryosection NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 2 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 3 fixed fix VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 4 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 5 ice ice NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 6 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 7 cold cold JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 8 acetone acetone NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 9 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 10 10 10 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 11 min min NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 12 followed follow VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 13 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 14 air air NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 15 drying drying NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 16 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 17 another another DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 18 10 10 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 19 min min NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 61 20 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 2 antibodies antibody NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 3 or or CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 4 lectins lectin NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 5 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 6 diluted dilute VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 7 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 8 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 9 % % NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 10 bovine bovine JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 11 serum serum NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 12 albumin albumin NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 13 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 14 sections section NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 15 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 16 incubated incubate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 17 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 18 antibodies antibody NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 19 or or CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 20 lectins lectin NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 21 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 22 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 23 h h NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 24 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 25 room room NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 26 temperature temperature NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 27 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 28 an an DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 29 incubation incubation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 30 chamber chamber NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 62 31 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 1 After after IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 2 three three CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 3 washing washing NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 4 steps step NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 5 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 6 PBS PBS NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 7 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 8 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 9 sections section NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 10 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 11 incubated incubate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 12 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 13 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 14 second second JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 15 antibodies antibody NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 16 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 17 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 18 h h NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 19 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 20 room room NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 21 temperature temperature NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 22 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 23 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 24 dark dark NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 63 25 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 1 Virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 2 antigen antigen NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 3 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 4 stained stain VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 5 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 6 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 7 anti anti JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 8 - - JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 9 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 10 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 11 serum serum NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 12 raised raise VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 13 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 14 rabbits rabbit NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 64 15 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 1 Sialic Sialic NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 2 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 3 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 4 detected detect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 5 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 6 lectins lectin NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 7 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 8 Maackia Maackia NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 9 amurensis amurensis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 11 binding bind VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 12 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 13 a2,3 a2,3 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 14 linked link VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 15 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 16 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 18 or or CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 19 Sambucus Sambucus NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 20 nigra nigra NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 21 agglutinin agglutinin NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 23 binding bind VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 24 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 25 a2,6 a2,6 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 26 linked link VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 27 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 28 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 30 labeled label VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 31 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 65 32 digoxigenin digoxigenin NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 66 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 66 2 DIG dig VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 66 3 Glycan glycan JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 66 4 Differentiation differentiation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 66 5 kit kit NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 66 6 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 66 7 Roche Roche NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 66 8 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 66 9 Basel Basel NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 66 10 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 66 11 Switzerland Switzerland NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 66 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 66 13 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 1 Mucus mucus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 2 producing produce VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 3 goblet goblet NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 4 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 5 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 6 stained stain VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 7 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 8 anti anti JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 9 MUC-5AC MUC-5AC NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 10 antibody antibody NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 12 Acris Acris NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 13 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 14 Hiddenhausen Hiddenhausen NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 15 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 16 Germany Germany NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 67 18 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 1 Bound bind VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 2 antibodies antibody NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 3 or or CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 4 lectins lectin NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 5 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 6 visualized visualize VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 7 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 8 FITC FITC NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 9 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 10 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 11 Cy3-labeled cy3-labeled JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 12 anti anti JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 13 - - JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 14 rabbit rabbit JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 16 SigmaeAldrich SigmaeAldrich NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 18 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 19 anti anti JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 20 - - JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 21 mouse mouse NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 23 Acris Acris NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 25 or or CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 26 anti anti JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 27 - - JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 28 digoxigenin digoxigenin JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 29 antibodies antibody NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 31 Roche Roche NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 68 33 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 1 Cilia cilium NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 2 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 3 detected detect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 4 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 5 CY3 CY3 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 6 labeled label VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 7 anti anti JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 8 - - JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 9 b b JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 10 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 11 tubulin tubulin NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 12 antibody antibody NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 14 SigmaeAldrich SigmaeAldrich NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 69 16 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 70 1 Fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 70 2 microscopy microscopy NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 70 3 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 70 4 performed perform VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 70 5 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 70 6 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 70 7 Leica Leica NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 70 8 inverted-2 inverted-2 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 70 9 confocal confocal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 70 10 microscope microscope NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 70 11 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 1 After after IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 2 having have VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 3 shown show VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 4 recently recently RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 5 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 6 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 7 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 8 serves serve VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 9 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 10 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 11 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 12 determinant determinant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 13 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 14 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 15 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 16 cultured cultured JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 17 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 18 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 19 we -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 20 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 21 interested interested JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 22 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 23 find find VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 24 out out RP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 25 whether whether IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 26 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 27 type type NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 28 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 29 sugar sugar NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 30 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 31 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 32 important important JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 33 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 34 an an DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 35 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 36 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 37 vivo vivo NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 71 38 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 1 To to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 2 address address VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 3 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 4 question question NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 6 chose choose VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 7 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 8 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 9 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 10 model model NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 11 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 13 upper upper JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 15 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 72 16 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 2 trachea trachea NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 4 chicken chicken NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 5 embryos embryo NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 6 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 7 cut cut VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 8 into into IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 9 pieces piece NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 10 about about IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 11 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 12 mm mm NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 13 thick thick JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 73 14 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 1 Tracheal Tracheal NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 2 rings ring NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 3 chosen choose VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 4 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 5 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 6 analysis analysis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 7 showed show VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 8 ciliary ciliary JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 9 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 10 along along IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 11 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 12 whole whole JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 13 contact contact NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 14 area area NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 15 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 16 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 17 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 18 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 19 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 20 lumen lumen NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 21 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 22 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 23 trachea trachea NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 24 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 25 i.e. i.e. FW cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 26 360 360 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 27 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 28 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 29 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 30 ring ring NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 74 31 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 1 Infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 2 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 3 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 4 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 5 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 6 results result NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 7 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 8 ciliostasis ciliostasis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 9 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 10 can can MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 11 easily easily RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 12 be be VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 13 detected detect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 14 microscopically microscopically RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 75 15 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 76 1 As as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 76 2 shown show VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 76 3 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 76 4 Fig Fig NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 76 5 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 1 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 2 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 3 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 4 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 5 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 6 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 7 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 8 reduced reduce VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 9 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 10 portion portion NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 11 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 13 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 14 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 15 ciliary ciliary NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 16 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 77 17 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 1 At at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 2 2 2 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 3 days day NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 4 post post NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 5 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 7 d.p.i d.p.i NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 8 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 10 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 11 complete complete JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 12 ciliostasis ciliostasis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 13 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 14 observed observe VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 15 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 16 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 17 experimental experimental JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 18 setting setting NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 78 19 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 1 To to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 2 analyze analyze VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 3 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 4 importance importance NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 5 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 6 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 7 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 8 we -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 9 treated treat VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 10 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 11 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 12 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 13 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 14 Clostridium clostridium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 15 perfringens perfringen NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 16 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 17 which which WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 18 releases release VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 19 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 20 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 21 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 22 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 23 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 24 cell cell NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 25 surface surface NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 79 26 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 1 As as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 2 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 3 result result NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 4 desialylated desialylated JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 5 TOCs TOCs NNPS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 6 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 7 less less RBR cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 8 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 9 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 10 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 11 ciliostatic ciliostatic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 12 effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 13 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 14 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 15 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 16 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 80 17 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 1 At at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 2 5 5 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 3 d.p.i d.p.i NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 4 . . NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 5 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 6 about about RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 7 25 25 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 8 % % NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 9 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 10 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 11 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 12 still still RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 13 showed show VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 14 ciliary ciliary NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 15 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 81 16 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 1 This this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 2 effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 3 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 4 accounted account VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 5 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 6 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 7 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 8 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 9 itself -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 10 rather rather RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 11 than than IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 12 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 13 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 14 contaminant contaminant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 15 enzyme enzyme NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 16 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 17 because because IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 18 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 19 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 20 presence presence NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 21 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 22 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 23 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 24 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 25 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 26 enzyme enzyme NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 27 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 28 unable unable JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 29 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 30 protect protect VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 31 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 32 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 33 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 34 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 35 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 36 ciliostatic ciliostatic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 37 effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 38 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 39 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 40 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 41 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 43 Fig fig NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 44 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 45 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 82 47 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 2 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 4 cultured cultured JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 5 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 6 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 7 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 8 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 9 found find VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 10 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 11 be be VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 12 dependent dependent JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 13 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 14 a2,3-linked a2,3-linked PRP$ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 15 sialic sialic NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 16 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 83 17 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 1 To to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 2 find find VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 3 out out RP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 4 whether whether IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 5 there there EX cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 6 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 7 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 8 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 9 linkage linkage NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 10 specificity specificity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 11 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 13 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 14 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 15 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 16 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 17 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 18 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 19 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 20 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 21 treated treat VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 22 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 23 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 24 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 25 Streptococcus Streptococcus NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 26 pneumoniae pneumoniae NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 27 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 28 which which WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 29 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 30 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 31 high high JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 32 preference preference NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 33 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 34 cleaving cleave VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 35 a2,3-linked a2,3-linked PRP$ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 36 sialic sialic NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 37 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 84 38 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 85 1 As as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 85 2 shown show VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 85 3 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 85 4 Fig Fig NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 85 5 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 1 2 2 LS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 2 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 3 incubation incubation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 4 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 5 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 6 enzyme enzyme NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 7 protected protect VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 8 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 9 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 10 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 11 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 13 ciliostatic ciliostatic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 14 effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 15 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 16 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 17 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 18 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 19 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 20 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 21 same same JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 22 way way NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 23 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 24 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 25 observed observe VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 26 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 27 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 28 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 29 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 30 Clostridium clostridium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 31 perfringens perfringen NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 33 Fig Fig NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 34 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 35 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 86 37 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 1 From from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 2 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 3 result result NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 5 conclude conclude VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 6 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 7 a2,3-linked a2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 8 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 9 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 10 serves serve VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 11 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 12 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 13 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 14 determinant determinant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 15 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 16 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 17 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 18 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 19 avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 20 tracheal tracheal NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 21 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 22 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 23 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 24 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 25 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 26 strain strain NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 27 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 28 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 87 29 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 2 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 3 strain strain NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 4 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 5 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 6 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 7 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 8 adapted adapt VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 9 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 10 grow grow VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 11 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 12 cultured cultured JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 13 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 14 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 15 non non JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 16 - - JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 17 avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 18 origin origin NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 19 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 20 such such JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 21 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 22 Vero Vero NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 23 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 88 24 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 1 To to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 2 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 3 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 4 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 5 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 6 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 7 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 8 dependent dependent JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 9 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 10 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 11 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 12 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 13 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 14 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 15 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 16 general general JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 17 feature feature NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 18 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 19 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 20 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 21 we -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 22 included include VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 23 two two CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 24 other other JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 25 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 89 26 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 2 M41 m41 JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 3 strain strain NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 4 causes cause VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 5 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 6 disease disease NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 7 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 8 whereas whereas IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 9 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 10 B1648 B1648 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 11 strain strain NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 12 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 13 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 14 nephropathogenic nephropathogenic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 15 potential potential NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 17 8 8 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 90 19 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 1 After after IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 2 application application NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 4 an an DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 5 infectious infectious JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 6 dose dose NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 7 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 8 10 10 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 9 4 4 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 10 pfu pfu NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 11 per per IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 12 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 13 ring ring NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 14 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 15 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 16 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 17 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 18 caused cause VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 19 ciliostasis ciliostasis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 20 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 21 day day NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 22 3 3 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 24 M41 M41 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 26 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 27 4 4 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 29 B1648 B1648 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 31 or or CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 32 5 5 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 34 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 36 after after IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 37 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 39 Fig Fig NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 40 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 41 3AeC 3aec CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 91 43 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 1 Strain strain VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 2 M41 M41 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 3 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 4 more more RBR cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 5 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 6 than than IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 7 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 8 other other JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 9 two two CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 10 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 11 resulting result VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 12 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 13 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 14 loss loss NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 15 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 16 ciliary ciliary NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 17 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 18 at at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 19 2 2 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 20 d.p.i d.p.i NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 21 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 22 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 23 80 80 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 24 % % NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 25 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 26 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 27 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 28 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 29 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 30 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 31 field field NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 33 Fig Fig NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 34 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 35 3C 3C NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 92 37 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 1 A a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 2 comparable comparable JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 3 reduction reduction NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 4 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 5 observed observe VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 6 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 7 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 8 two two CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 9 other other JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 10 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 11 only only RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 12 3 3 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 13 days day NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 14 following follow VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 15 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 16 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 17 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 19 Fig Fig NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 20 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 21 3A 3A NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 22 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 23 B B NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 93 25 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 1 For for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 2 all all DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 3 three three CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 4 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 5 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 6 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 7 protective protective JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 8 effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 9 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 10 neuraminidase neuraminidase JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 11 treatment treatment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 12 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 13 found find VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 94 14 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 1 In in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 2 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 3 case case NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 4 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 5 M41 M41 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 6 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 7 ciliostasis ciliostasis NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 8 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 9 delayed delay VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 10 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 11 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 12 day day NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 13 ; ; : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 14 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 15 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 16 case case NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 17 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 18 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 19 other other JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 20 two two CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 21 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 22 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 23 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 24 ciliary ciliary NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 25 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 26 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 27 retained retain VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 28 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 29 about about RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 30 60 60 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 31 % % NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 32 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 33 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 34 desialylated desialylated JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 35 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 36 even even RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 37 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 38 day day NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 39 5 5 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 40 following follow VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 41 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 95 42 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 96 1 Ciliostasis Ciliostasis NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 96 2 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 96 3 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 96 4 found find VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 96 5 after after IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 96 6 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 96 7 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 96 8 Avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 96 9 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 96 10 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 1 However however RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 2 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 3 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 4 contrast contrast NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 5 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 6 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 7 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 8 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 9 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 10 treatment treatment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 11 did do VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 12 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 13 prevent prevent VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 14 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 15 ciliostatic ciliostatic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 16 effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 17 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 18 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 19 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 20 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 97 21 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 1 This this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 2 result result NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 3 confirms confirm VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 4 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 5 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 6 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 7 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 8 dependence dependence NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 9 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 10 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 11 TOC TOC NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 12 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 13 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 14 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 15 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 16 feature feature NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 17 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 18 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 98 19 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 1 In in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 2 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 3 experiments experiment NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 4 described describe VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 5 above above RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 6 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 7 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 8 ciliary ciliary NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 9 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 10 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 11 used use VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 12 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 13 monitor monitor VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 14 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 15 course course NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 16 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 17 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 99 18 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 1 To to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 2 determine determine VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 3 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 4 effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 5 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 6 neuraminidase neuraminidase JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 7 treatment treatment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 8 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 9 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 10 production production NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 11 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 13 amount amount NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 14 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 15 infectious infectious JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 16 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 17 released release VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 18 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 19 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 20 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 21 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 22 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 23 measured measure VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 100 24 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 1 Groups group NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 2 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 3 five five CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 4 TOC TOC NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 5 rings ring NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 6 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 7 treated treat VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 8 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 9 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 10 prior prior RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 11 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 12 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 13 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 14 either either DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 15 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 16 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 17 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 18 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 19 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 20 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 21 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 22 M41 M41 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 101 23 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 1 In in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 2 parallel parallel NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 3 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 4 TOC TOC NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 5 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 6 infected infect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 7 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 8 had have VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 9 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 10 incubated incubate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 11 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 13 absence absence NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 14 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 15 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 102 16 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 103 1 At at IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 103 2 24 24 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 103 3 h h NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 103 4 p.i p.i NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 103 5 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 104 1 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 104 2 supernatants supernatant NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 104 3 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 104 4 collected collect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 104 5 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 104 6 titrated titrate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 104 7 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 104 8 primary primary JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 104 9 chicken chicken NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 104 10 kidney kidney NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 104 11 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 104 12 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 1 With with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 2 both both DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 3 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 4 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 5 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 6 desialylation desialylation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 7 resulted result VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 8 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 9 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 10 decrease decrease NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 11 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 13 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 14 titer titer NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 15 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 16 about about RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 17 60 60 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 18 % % NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 20 Fig Fig NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 21 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 22 4 4 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 105 24 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 1 There there EX cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 2 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 3 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 4 clear clear JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 5 difference difference NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 6 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 7 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 8 amount amount NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 9 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 10 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 11 released release VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 12 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 13 infected infected JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 14 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 106 15 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 1 For for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 2 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 3 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 4 strain strain NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 5 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 6 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 7 titer titer NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 8 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 9 infectious infectious JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 10 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 11 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 13 supernatant supernatant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 14 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 15 50e100 50e100 NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 16 fold fold VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 17 higher higher RBR cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 18 than than IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 19 that that DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 20 determined determine VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 21 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 22 strain strain NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 23 M41 M41 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 107 24 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 108 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 108 2 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 108 3 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 108 4 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 108 5 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 108 6 primary primary JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 108 7 target target NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 108 8 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 108 9 an an DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 108 10 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 108 11 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 108 12 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 1 Cryosections Cryosections NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 2 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 3 TOC TOC NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 4 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 5 prepared prepared JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 6 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 7 ciliated ciliated JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 8 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 9 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 10 visualized visualize VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 11 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 12 staining stain VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 13 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 14 antibodies antibody NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 15 directed direct VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 16 against against IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 17 btubulin btubulin NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 109 18 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 110 1 Mucus mucus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 110 2 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 110 3 producing produce VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 110 4 goblet goblet NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 110 5 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 110 6 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 110 7 stained stain VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 110 8 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 110 9 an an DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 110 10 antibody antibody NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 110 11 recognizing recognize VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 110 12 MUC5AC MUC5AC NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 110 13 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 111 1 As as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 111 2 shown show VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 111 3 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 111 4 Fig Fig NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 111 5 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 112 1 5 5 LS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 113 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 113 2 top top JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 113 3 two two CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 113 4 rows row NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 113 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 113 6 , , . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 114 1 both both DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 114 2 ciliated ciliated JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 114 3 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 114 4 mucus mucus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 114 5 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 114 6 producing produce VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 114 7 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 114 8 are be VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 114 9 infected infect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 114 10 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 114 11 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 114 12 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 1 Cryosections cryosection NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 2 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 3 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 4 stained stain VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 5 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 6 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 7 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 8 expression expression NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 9 using use VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 10 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 11 lectin lectin NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 12 MAA MAA NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 13 which which WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 14 binds bind VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 15 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 16 a2,3-linked a2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 17 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 18 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 19 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 20 SNA SNA NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 21 which which WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 22 recognizes recognize VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 23 a2,6-linked a2,6-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 24 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 25 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 115 26 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 2 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 3 cell cell NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 4 layer layer NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 5 lining line VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 6 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 7 surface surface NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 8 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 9 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 10 trachea trachea NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 11 shows show VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 12 bright bright JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 13 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 14 after after IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 15 staining stain VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 16 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 17 MAA MAA NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 18 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 19 indicating indicate VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 20 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 21 these these DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 22 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 23 abundantly abundantly RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 24 express express VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 25 a2,3-linked a2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 26 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 27 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 116 28 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 2 colocalize colocalize VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 3 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 4 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 5 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 6 infected infect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 7 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 9 Fig Fig NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 10 5 5 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 11 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 12 third third JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 13 row row NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 117 15 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 1 This this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 2 result result NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 3 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 4 consistent consistent JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 5 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 6 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 7 role role NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 8 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 9 a2,3-linked a2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 10 sialic sialic NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 11 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 12 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 13 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 14 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 15 determinant determinant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 16 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 17 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 118 18 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 1 Staining stain VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 2 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 3 SNA SNA NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 4 indicates indicate VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 5 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 6 basal basal NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 7 cell cell NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 8 layers layer NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 9 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 10 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 11 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 12 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 13 express express VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 14 a2,6-linked a2,6-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 15 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 16 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 119 17 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 1 These these DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 2 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 3 are be VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 4 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 5 infected infect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 6 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 7 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 9 Fig Fig NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 10 . . NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 11 5 5 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 12 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 13 bottom bottom JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 14 row row NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 16 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 120 17 _SP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 1 To to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 2 visualize visualize VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 3 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 4 effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 5 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 6 neuraminidase neuraminidase JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 7 treatment treatment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 8 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 9 we -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 10 prepared prepare VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 11 cryosections cryosection NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 12 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 13 neuraminidase neuraminidase RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 14 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 15 treated treat VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 16 tracheal tracheal NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 17 rings ring NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 18 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 19 stained stain VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 20 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 21 sections section NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 22 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 23 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 24 MAA MAA NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 25 lectin lectin NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 121 26 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 122 1 As as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 122 2 shown show VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 122 3 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 122 4 Fig Fig NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 122 5 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 1 6 6 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 2 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 3 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 4 treatment treatment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 5 resulted result VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 6 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 7 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 8 reduced reduce VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 9 reactivity reactivity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 10 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 11 MAA MAA NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 12 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 13 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 14 apical apical JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 15 membrane membrane NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 16 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 17 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 18 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 19 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 123 20 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 2 residual residual JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 3 fluorescent fluorescent NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 4 signal signal NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 5 indicates indicate VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 6 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 7 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 8 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 9 did do VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 10 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 11 release release VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 12 all all DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 13 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 14 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 15 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 16 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 17 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 18 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 124 19 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 2 binding binding NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 3 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 4 receptors receptor NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 5 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 6 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 7 cell cell NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 8 surface surface NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 9 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 10 an an DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 11 important important JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 12 determinant determinant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 13 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 14 cell cell NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 15 tropism tropism NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 16 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 17 viral viral JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 18 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 125 19 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 1 Recently recently RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 3 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 4 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 5 a2,3-linked a2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 6 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 7 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 8 serves serve VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 9 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 10 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 11 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 12 determinant determinant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 13 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 14 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 15 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 16 cultured cultured JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 17 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 19 7 7 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 126 21 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 1 This this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 2 binding bind VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 3 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 4 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 5 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 6 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 7 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 8 shown show VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 9 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 10 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 11 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 12 only only RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 13 grow grow VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 14 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 15 avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 16 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 17 as as RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 18 well well RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 19 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 20 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 21 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 22 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 23 strain strain NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 24 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 25 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 26 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 27 adapted adapt VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 28 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 29 grow grow VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 30 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 31 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 32 cultured cultured JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 33 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 34 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 35 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 36 origin origin NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 127 37 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 1 For for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 2 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 3 latter latter JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 4 strain strain NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 5 it -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 6 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 7 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 8 recently recently RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 9 reported report VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 10 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 12 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 13 recognizes recognize VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 14 glycosaminoglycans glycosaminoglycan NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 15 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 16 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 17 heparan heparan JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 18 sulfate sulfate NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 19 type type NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 21 9 9 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 128 23 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 2 acquisition acquisition NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 4 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 5 additional additional JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 6 binding binding NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 7 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 8 may may MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 9 have have VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 10 allowed allow VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 11 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 12 adaptation adaptation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 13 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 14 new new JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 15 host host NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 16 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 17 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 18 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 19 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 20 shown show VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 21 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 22 other other JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 23 viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 24 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 25 e.g. e.g. RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 26 foot foot NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 27 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 28 mouth mouth NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 29 disease disease NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 30 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 32 10 10 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 34 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 35 tick tick VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 36 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 37 borne bear VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 38 encephalitis encephalitis JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 39 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 41 11 11 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 42 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 129 43 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 1 By by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 2 contrast contrast NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 3 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 4 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 5 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 6 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 7 binding bind VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 8 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 9 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 10 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 11 detected detect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 12 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 13 all all DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 14 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 15 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 16 analyzed analyze VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 17 including include VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 18 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 19 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 20 nephropathogenic nephropathogenic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 21 variants variant NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 130 22 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 1 Here here RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 3 have have VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 5 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 6 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 7 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 8 holds hold VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 9 true true JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 10 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 11 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 12 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 13 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 14 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 15 trachea trachea NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 16 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 17 which which WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 18 are be VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 19 among among IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 20 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 21 primary primary JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 22 target target NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 23 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 24 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 25 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 26 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 131 27 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 2 importance importance NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 4 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 5 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 6 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 7 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 8 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 9 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 10 evident evident JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 11 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 13 delayed delay VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 14 appearance appearance NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 15 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 16 ciliostasis ciliostasis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 17 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 18 desialylated desialylated NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 19 TOCs TOCs NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 132 20 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 1 For for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 2 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 3 M41 m41 JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 4 strain strain NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 5 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 6 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 7 ciliostatic ciliostatic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 8 effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 9 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 10 delayed delay VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 11 only only RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 12 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 13 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 14 day day NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 15 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 16 whereas whereas IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 17 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 18 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 19 two two CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 20 other other JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 21 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 22 analyzed analyze VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 23 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 24 some some DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 25 ciliary ciliary NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 26 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 27 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 28 retained retain VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 29 even even RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 30 5 5 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 31 days day NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 32 after after IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 33 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 133 34 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 1 This this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 2 difference difference NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 3 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 4 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 5 protective protective JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 6 effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 7 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 8 neuraminidase neuraminidase JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 9 treatment treatment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 10 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 11 probably probably RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 12 accounted account VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 13 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 14 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 15 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 16 difference difference NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 17 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 18 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 19 cytopathogenicity cytopathogenicity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 20 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 21 these these DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 22 viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 134 23 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 1 This this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 2 may may MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 3 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 4 explain explain VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 5 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 6 larger large JJR cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 7 amount amount NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 8 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 9 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 10 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 11 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 12 released release VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 13 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 14 TOCs toc NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 15 infected infect VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 16 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 17 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 18 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 19 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 20 compared compare VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 21 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 22 M41-infected m41-infected JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 23 tracheal tracheal NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 24 rings ring NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 135 25 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 1 Despite despite IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 2 these these DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 3 differences difference NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 4 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 5 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 6 relative relative JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 7 effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 8 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 9 desialylation desialylation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 10 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 11 similar similar JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 12 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 13 i.e. i.e. FW cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 14 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 15 amount amount NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 16 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 17 released release VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 18 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 19 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 20 reduced reduce VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 21 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 22 about about RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 23 60 60 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 24 % % NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 136 25 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 2 partial partial JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 3 protection protection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 4 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 5 TOCs TOCs NNPS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 6 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 7 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 8 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 9 may may MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 10 be be VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 11 attributable attributable JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 12 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 13 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 14 difficulties difficulty NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 15 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 16 removing remove VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 17 all all DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 18 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 19 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 20 residues residue NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 21 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 22 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 23 cell cell NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 24 surface surface NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 25 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 26 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 27 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 28 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 137 29 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 1 Staining stain VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 2 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 3 MAA MAA NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 4 revealed reveal VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 5 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 6 some some DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 7 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 8 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 9 are be VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 10 still still RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 11 present present JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 12 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 13 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 14 apical apical JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 15 membrane membrane NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 16 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 17 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 18 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 19 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 20 after after IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 21 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 22 treatment treatment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 138 23 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 1 Whether whether IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 2 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 3 low low JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 4 level level NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 5 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 6 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 7 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 8 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 9 itself -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 10 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 11 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 12 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 13 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 14 low low JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 15 level level NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 16 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 17 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 18 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 19 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 20 known know VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 139 21 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 1 An an DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 2 alternative alternative JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 3 explanation explanation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 4 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 5 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 6 binding bind VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 7 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 8 surfacebound surfacebound VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 9 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 10 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 11 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 12 only only RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 13 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 14 first first JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 15 attachment attachment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 16 step step NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 17 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 18 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 19 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 20 cycle cycle NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 21 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 22 precedes precede VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 23 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 24 binding binding NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 25 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 26 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 27 second second JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 28 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 29 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 30 though though IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 31 such such PDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 32 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 33 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 34 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 35 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 36 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 37 identified identify VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 38 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 39 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 40 so so RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 41 far far RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 140 42 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 1 In in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 2 favor favor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 4 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 5 latter latter JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 6 explanation explanation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 7 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 8 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 9 fact fact NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 10 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 11 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 12 recognizes recognize VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 13 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 14 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 15 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 16 lower low JJR cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 17 affinity affinity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 18 when when WRB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 19 compared compare VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 20 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 21 influenza influenza NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 22 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 23 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 24 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 25 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 27 7 7 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 141 29 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 1 Because because IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 2 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 3 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 4 higher high JJR cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 5 affinity affinity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 6 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 7 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 8 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 9 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 10 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 11 second second JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 12 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 13 may may MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 14 be be VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 15 dispensable dispensable JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 16 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 17 influenza influenza NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 18 viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 19 ; ; : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 20 however however RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 21 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 22 it -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 23 may may MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 24 require require VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 25 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 26 presence presence NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 27 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 28 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 29 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 31 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 32 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 33 destroying destroy VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 34 enzyme enzyme NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 36 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 37 allow allow VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 38 passage passage NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 39 through through IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 40 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 41 mucus mucus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 42 layer layer NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 43 covering cover VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 44 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 45 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 46 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 47 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 48 12 12 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 49 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 50 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 51 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 52 enable enable VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 53 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 54 release release NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 55 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 56 infected infected JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 57 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 58 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 59 13 13 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 60 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 142 61 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 1 On on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 2 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 3 other other JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 4 hand hand NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 5 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 6 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 7 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 8 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 9 destroying destroy VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 10 enzyme enzyme NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 11 may may MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 12 be be VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 13 dispensable dispensable JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 14 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 15 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 16 because because IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 17 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 18 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 19 lower low JJR cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 20 affinity affinity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 21 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 22 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 23 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 143 24 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 1 So so RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 2 far far RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 3 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 4 two two CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 5 groups group NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 6 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 7 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 8 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 9 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 10 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 11 binding bind VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 12 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 13 have have VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 14 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 15 described describe VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 144 16 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 1 On on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 2 one one CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 3 hand hand NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 4 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 5 there there EX cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 6 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 7 bovine bovine JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 8 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 9 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 10 related relate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 11 viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 12 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 13 resemble resemble VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 14 influenza influenza NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 15 C c NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 16 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 17 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 18 because because IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 19 they -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 20 recognize recognize VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 21 N n CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 22 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 23 acetyl-9-O acetyl-9-O NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 24 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 25 acetylneuraminic acetylneuraminic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 26 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 27 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 28 contain contain VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 29 an an DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 30 acetylesterase acetylesterase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 31 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 32 acts act VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 33 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 34 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 35 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 36 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 37 destroying destroy VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 38 enzyme enzyme NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 39 comparable comparable JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 40 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 41 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 42 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 43 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 44 influenza influenza NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 45 A a NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 46 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 47 B b NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 48 viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 49 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 50 14 14 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 51 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 52 15 15 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 53 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 145 54 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 146 1 These these DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 146 2 viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 146 3 depend depend VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 146 4 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 146 5 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 146 6 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 146 7 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 146 8 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 146 9 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 146 10 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 146 11 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 1 On on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 2 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 3 other other JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 4 hand hand NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 5 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 6 there there EX cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 7 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 8 transmissible transmissible JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 9 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 10 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 11 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 12 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 13 porcine porcine JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 14 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 147 15 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 1 This this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 2 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 3 uses use VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 4 aminopeptidase aminopeptidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 5 N N NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 6 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 7 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 8 cellular cellular JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 9 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 10 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 12 does do VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 13 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 14 require require VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 15 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 16 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 17 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 18 successful successful JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 19 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 20 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 21 cultured cultured JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 22 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 148 23 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 1 However however RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 2 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 3 binding bind VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 4 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 5 sialylated sialylated JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 6 surface surface NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 7 components component NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 8 may may MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 9 increase increase VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 10 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 11 efficiency efficiency NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 12 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 13 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 14 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 15 because because IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 16 mutants mutant NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 17 lacking lack VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 18 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 19 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 20 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 21 binding bind VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 22 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 23 have have VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 24 lost lose VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 25 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 26 enteropathogenicity enteropathogenicity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 28 16 16 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 29 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 30 17 17 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 149 32 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 1 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 2 takes take VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 3 an an DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 4 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 5 position position NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 6 ; ; : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 7 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 8 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 9 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 10 important important JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 11 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 12 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 13 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 14 cultured cultured JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 15 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 16 but but CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 18 lacks lack VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 19 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 20 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 21 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 22 destroying destroy VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 23 enzyme enzyme NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 150 24 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 1 As as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 2 mentioned mention VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 3 above above RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 4 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 5 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 6 maydin maydin NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 7 addition addition NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 8 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 9 sialylated sialylated NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 10 surface surface NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 11 moleculesdbind moleculesdbind NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 12 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 13 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 14 specific specific JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 15 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 16 similar similar JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 17 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 18 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 19 interaction interaction NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 20 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 21 TGEV TGEV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 22 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 23 aminopeptidase aminopeptidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 151 24 N. n. NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 152 1 Though though IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 152 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 152 3 Fig Fig NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 152 4 . . NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 152 5 6 6 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 152 6 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 1 Effect effect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 2 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 3 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 4 treatment treatment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 5 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 6 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 7 staining staining NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 8 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 9 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 10 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 11 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 12 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 13 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 14 lectin lectin NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 15 MAA MAA NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 153 16 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 1 TOCs TOCs NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 2 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 3 incubated incubate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 4 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 5 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 6 presence presence NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 8 þNA þna NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 10 or or CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 11 absence absence NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 13 ÀNA ÀNA NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 15 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 16 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 154 17 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 155 1 After after IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 155 2 incubation incubation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 155 3 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 155 4 cryosections cryosection NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 155 5 were be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 155 6 prepared prepare VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 155 7 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 155 8 subjected subject VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 155 9 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 155 10 MAA MAA NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 155 11 staining staining NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 155 12 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 156 1 Arrows arrow NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 156 2 point point VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 156 3 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 156 4 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 156 5 apical apical JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 156 6 membrane membrane NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 156 7 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 156 8 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 156 9 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 156 10 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 156 11 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 2 should should MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 3 be be VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 4 noted note VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 5 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 6 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 7 enzyme enzyme NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 8 had have VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 9 access access NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 10 only only RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 11 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 12 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 13 apical apical JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 14 side side NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 15 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 16 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 17 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 157 18 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 1 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 2 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 3 suggested suggest VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 4 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 5 feline feline JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 6 aminopeptidase aminopeptidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 7 N N NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 8 may may MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 9 be be VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 10 used use VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 11 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 12 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 13 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 14 infect infect VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 15 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 17 18 18 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 19 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 20 recently recently RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 22 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 23 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 24 shown show VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 25 that that DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 26 aminopeptidase aminopeptidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 27 N N NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 28 does do VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 29 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 30 serve serve VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 31 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 32 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 33 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 34 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 35 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 37 19 19 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 158 39 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 2 analysis analysis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 4 TOC TOC NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 5 revealed reveal VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 6 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 7 both both CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 8 ciliated ciliated JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 9 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 10 mucusproducing mucusproducing NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 11 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 12 are be VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 13 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 14 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 15 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 159 16 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 1 From from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 2 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 3 result result NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 5 conclude conclude VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 6 that that IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 7 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 8 vivo vivo NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 9 both both DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 10 cell cell NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 11 types type NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 12 can can MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 13 act act VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 14 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 15 primary primary JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 16 target target NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 17 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 18 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 19 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 160 20 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 2 expression expression NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 4 a2,3-linked a2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 5 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 6 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 7 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 8 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 9 absence absence NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 10 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 11 a2,6-linked a2,6-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 12 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 13 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 14 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 15 consistent consistent JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 16 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 17 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 18 preference preference NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 19 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 20 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 21 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 22 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 23 former former JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 24 linkage linkage NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 25 type type NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 28 7 7 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 30 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 31 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 32 report report NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 161 34 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 1 In in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 2 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 3 respect respect NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 4 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 5 appears appear VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 6 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 7 have have VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 8 developed develop VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 9 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 10 similar similar JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 11 strategy strategy NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 12 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 13 avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 14 influenza influenza NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 15 viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 16 which which WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 17 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 18 use use VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 19 a2,3-linked a2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 20 sialic sialic NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 21 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 22 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 23 cell cell NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 24 surface surface NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 25 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 26 initiate initiate VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 27 an an DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 28 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 162 29 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 1 However however RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 2 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 3 there there EX cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 4 are be VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 5 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 6 major major JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 7 differences difference NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 8 between between IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 9 avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 10 influenza influenza NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 11 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 12 avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 13 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 163 14 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 1 A a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 2 major major JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 3 determinant determinant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 4 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 5 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 6 pathogenicity pathogenicity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 7 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 8 influenza influenza NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 9 viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 10 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 11 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 12 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 13 cleavage cleavage NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 14 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 15 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 16 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 164 17 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 2 hemagglutinins hemagglutinin NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 4 highly highly RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 5 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 6 viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 7 have have VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 8 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 9 multibasic multibasic NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 10 cleavage cleavage NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 11 site site NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 12 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 13 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 14 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 15 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 16 furin furin NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 17 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 18 like like JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 19 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 20 present present JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 21 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 22 many many JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 23 cell cell NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 24 types type NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 165 25 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 1 Viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 2 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 3 low low JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 4 pathogenicity pathogenicity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 5 become become VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 6 fusion fusion NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 7 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 8 active active JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 9 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 10 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 11 protease protease NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 12 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 13 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 14 secreted secrete VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 15 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 16 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 17 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 166 18 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 2 S S NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 3 protein protein NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 4 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 5 all all DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 6 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 7 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 8 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 9 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 10 multibasic multibasic NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 11 cleavage cleavage NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 12 site site NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 13 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 14 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 15 cleaved cleave VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 16 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 17 all all DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 18 cell cell NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 19 types type NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 20 into into IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 21 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 22 subunits subunit NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 23 S1 s1 NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 24 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 25 S2 S2 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 167 26 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 2 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 3 proteolytical proteolytical JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 4 activation activation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 5 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 6 S S NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 7 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 8 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 9 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 10 major major JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 11 determinant determinant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 12 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 13 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 14 pathogenicity pathogenicity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 15 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 16 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 168 17 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 1 Why why WRB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 2 some some DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 3 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 4 strains strain NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 5 are be VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 6 predominantly predominantly RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 8 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 9 whereas whereas IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 10 others other NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 11 affect affect VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 12 other other JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 13 organs organ NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 14 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 15 cause cause VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 16 disease disease NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 17 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 18 e.g. e.g. IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 19 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 20 renal renal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 21 system system NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 22 or or CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 23 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 24 reproductive reproductive JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 25 tract tract NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 26 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 27 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 28 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 29 known know VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 169 30 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 1 If if IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 2 there there EX cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 3 exists exist VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 4 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 5 second second JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 6 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 7 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 8 this this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 9 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 10 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 11 discussed discuss VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 12 above above RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 13 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 14 such such PDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 15 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 16 protein protein NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 17 may may MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 18 be be VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 19 responsible responsible JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 20 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 21 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 22 host host NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 23 specificity specificity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 24 as as RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 25 well well RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 26 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 27 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 28 tissue tissue NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 29 or or CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 30 organ organ NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 31 tropism tropism NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 32 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 33 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 170 34 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 171 1 Future future JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 171 2 work work NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 171 3 should should MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 171 4 clarify clarify VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 171 5 whether whether IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 171 6 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 171 7 second second JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 171 8 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 171 9 exists exist VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 171 10 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 172 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 172 2 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 172 3 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 172 4 sialoglyconjugates sialoglyconjugate NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 172 5 used use VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 172 6 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 172 7 primary primary JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 172 8 attachment attachment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 172 9 should should MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 172 10 be be VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 172 11 analyzed analyze VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 172 12 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 2 available available JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 3 lectins lectin NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 4 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 5 neuraminidases neuraminidase NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 6 only only RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 7 allow allow VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 8 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 9 differentiation differentiation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 10 between between IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 11 a2,3and a2,3and XX cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 12 a2,6-linked a2,6-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 13 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 14 acids acid NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 173 15 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 1 Different different JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 2 oligosaccharides oligosaccharide NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 3 exist exist VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 4 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 5 contain contain VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 6 a2,3linked a2,3linked JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 7 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 8 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 9 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 10 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 11 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 12 sialoglycoconjugates sialoglycoconjugate NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 13 recognized recognize VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 14 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 15 IBV IBV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 16 may may MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 17 be be VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 18 different different JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 19 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 20 those those DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 21 that that WDT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 22 are be VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 23 preferred prefer VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 24 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 25 avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 26 influenza influenza NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 27 viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 174 28 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 175 1 Such such JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 175 2 differences difference NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 175 3 may may MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 175 4 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 175 5 contribute contribute VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 175 6 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 175 7 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 175 8 different different JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 175 9 course course NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 175 10 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 175 11 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 175 12 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 1 Expression expression NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 2 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 3 a2,3-linked a2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 4 sialic sialic NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 5 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 6 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 7 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 8 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 9 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 10 chickens chicken NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 11 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 12 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 13 analyzed analyze VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 14 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 15 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 16 trachea trachea NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 17 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 18 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 19 intestine intestine NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 21 20 20 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 22 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 23 21 21 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 176 25 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 1 As as RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 2 far far RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 3 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 4 other other JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 5 target target NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 6 organs organ NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 7 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 8 IBVare ibvare CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 9 concerned concerned JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 10 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 11 e.g. e.g. JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 12 kidney kidney NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 13 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 14 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 15 reproductive reproductive JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 16 system system NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 17 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 18 a2,3-linked a2,3-linked CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 19 sialic sialic NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 20 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 21 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 22 been be VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 23 shown show VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 24 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 25 be be VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 26 present present JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 27 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 28 primary primary JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 29 kidney kidney NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 30 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 32 7 7 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 177 34 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 2 will will MD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 3 be be VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 4 interesting interesting JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 5 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 6 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 7 future future NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 8 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 9 find find VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 10 out out RP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 11 whether whether IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 12 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 13 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 14 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 15 reproductive reproductive JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 16 system system NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 17 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 18 also also RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 19 mediated mediate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 20 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 21 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 22 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 178 23 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 1 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 2 avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 3 infectious infectious JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 4 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 5 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 6 Angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 7 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 8 converting convert VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 9 enzyme enzyme NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 10 2 2 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 11 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 12 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 13 functional functional JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 14 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 15 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 16 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 17 SARS SARS NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 18 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 19 Expression expression NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 20 cloning cloning NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 21 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 22 functional functional JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 23 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 24 used use VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 25 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 26 SARS SARS NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 179 27 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 1 Aminopeptidase Aminopeptidase NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 2 N N NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 3 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 4 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 5 major major JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 6 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 7 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 8 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 9 entero entero NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 10 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 11 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 12 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 13 TGEV TGEV NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 14 Human Human NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 180 15 aminopeptidase aminopeptidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 181 1 N N NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 181 2 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 181 3 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 181 4 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 181 5 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 181 6 human human JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 181 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 181 8 229E 229e CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 1 Sialic Sialic NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 2 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 3 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 4 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 5 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 6 determinant determinant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 7 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 8 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 9 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 10 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 11 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 12 avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 13 Infectious infectious JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 14 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 15 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 16 Vandenbroeck Vandenbroeck NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 17 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 18 Incidence incidence NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 19 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 20 characterisation characterisation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 21 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 22 prophylaxis prophylaxis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 23 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 24 nephropathogenic nephropathogenic NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 25 avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 26 infectious infectious JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 27 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 28 viruses virus NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 29 Heparan Heparan NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 30 sulfate sulfate NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 31 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 32 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 33 selective selective JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 34 attachment attachment NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 35 factor factor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 36 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 37 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 38 avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 39 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 40 infectious infectious JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 41 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 182 42 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 1 Beaudette Beaudette NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 2 Efficient efficient JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 3 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 4 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 5 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 6 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 7 culture culture NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 8 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 9 type type NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 10 O o NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 11 foot foot NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 12 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 13 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 14 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 15 mouth mouth NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 16 disease disease NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 17 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 18 requires require VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 19 binding bind VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 20 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 21 cell cell NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 22 surface surface NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 23 heparan heparan NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 24 sulfate sulfate NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 25 Adaptation adaptation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 26 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 27 tick tick NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 28 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 29 borne bear VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 30 encephalitis encephalitis JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 31 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 32 to to IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 33 BHK-21 BHK-21 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 34 cells cell VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 35 results result NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 36 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 37 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 38 formation formation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 39 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 40 multiple multiple JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 41 heparan heparan NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 42 sulfate sulfate NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 43 binding bind VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 44 sites site NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 45 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 46 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 47 envelope envelope NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 48 protein protein NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 49 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 50 attenuation attenuation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 51 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 183 52 vivo vivo NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 1 Neuraminidase Neuraminidase NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 2 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 3 important important JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 4 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 5 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 6 initiation initiation NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 7 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 8 influenza influenza NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 9 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 10 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 11 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 12 human human JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 13 airway airway NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 14 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 15 Inhibition Inhibition NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 16 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 17 influenza influenza NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 18 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 19 replication replication NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 20 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 21 tissue tissue NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 22 culture culture NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 23 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 24 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 25 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 26 N n CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 27 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 28 trifluoroacetylneuraminic trifluoroacetylneuraminic NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 29 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 31 FANA FANA NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 184 33 : : : cord-253695-tjdw2uta 185 1 mechanism mechanism NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 185 2 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 185 3 action action NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 2 E3 e3 NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 3 protein protein NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 4 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 5 bovine bovine JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 6 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 7 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 8 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 9 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 10 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 11 destroying destroy VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 12 enzyme enzyme NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 13 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 14 acetylesterase acetylesterase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 186 15 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 1 Bovine bovine JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 3 uses use VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 4 N n CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 5 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 6 acetyl-9-O acetyl-9-o NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 7 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 8 acetylneuraminic acetylneuraminic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 9 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 10 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 11 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 12 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 13 determinant determinant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 14 to to TO cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 15 initiate initiate VB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 16 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 17 infection infection NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 18 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 19 cultured cultured JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 20 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 21 Transmissible transmissible JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 22 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 23 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 24 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 25 but but CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 26 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 27 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 28 related related JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 29 porcine porcine JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 30 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 31 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 32 , , , cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 33 has have VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 34 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 35 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 36 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 38 N N NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 39 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 40 glycolylneuraminic glycolylneuraminic NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 41 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 43 binding binding NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 44 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 45 Point Point NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 46 mutations mutation NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 47 in in IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 48 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 49 S S NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 50 protein protein NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 51 connect connect VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 52 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 53 sialic sialic JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 54 acid acid NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 55 binding bind VBG cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 56 activity activity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 57 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 58 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 59 enteropathogenicity enteropathogenicity NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 60 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 61 transmissible transmissible JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 62 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 187 63 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 1 The the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 2 role role NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 3 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 4 feline feline JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 5 aminopeptidase aminopeptidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 6 N N NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 7 as as IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 8 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 9 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 10 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 11 infectious infectious JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 12 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 13 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 188 14 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 189 1 Brief brief JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 189 2 review review NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 189 3 Feline feline JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 189 4 aminopeptidase aminopeptidase NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 1 N n NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 2 is be VBZ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 3 not not RB cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 4 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 5 functional functional JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 6 receptor receptor NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 7 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 8 avian avian JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 9 infectious infectious JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 10 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 11 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 12 Differences difference NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 13 between between IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 14 influenza influenza NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 15 virus virus NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 16 receptors receptor NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 17 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 18 target target NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 19 cells cell NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 20 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 21 duck duck NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 22 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 23 chicken chicken NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 24 Lectin Lectin NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 25 histochemical histochemical JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 26 investigations investigation NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 27 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 28 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 29 distal distal JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 30 gut gut NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 31 of of IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 32 chicks chick NNS cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 33 with with IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 34 special special JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 35 emphasis emphasis NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 36 on on IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 37 the the DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 38 follicle follicle NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 39 - - HYPH cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 40 associated associate VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 190 41 epithelium epithelium NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 191 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 191 2 thank thank VBP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 191 3 Martina Martina NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 191 4 Kaps Kaps NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 191 5 for for IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 191 6 technical technical JJ cord-253695-tjdw2uta 191 7 assistance assistance NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 191 8 . . . cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 1 This this DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 2 work work NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 3 was be VBD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 4 supported support VBN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 5 by by IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 6 a a DT cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 7 grant grant NN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 8 from from IN cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 9 Deutsche Deutsche NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 10 Forschungsgemeinschaft Forschungsgemeinschaft NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 12 NE221/5 NE221/5 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 13 - - SYM cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 14 1 1 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 15 and and CC cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 16 SFB SFB NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 17 587 587 CD cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 18 TP TP NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 19 A1 A1 NNP cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-253695-tjdw2uta 192 21 . . .