id sid tid token lemma pos cord-017585-0llgr357 1 1 key key JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 1 2 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 1 3 cord-017585 cord-017585 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 4 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 1 5 0llgr357 0llgr357 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 1 6 authors author NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 1 7 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 1 8 Chappell Chappell NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 9 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 1 10 Mark Mark NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 11 C. C. NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 12 title title NN cord-017585-0llgr357 1 13 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 1 14 Role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 1 15 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 1 16 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 17 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 1 18 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 19 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 1 20 Neprilysin Neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 21 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 1 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 1 23 Kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 1 24 date date NN cord-017585-0llgr357 1 25 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 1 26 2007 2007 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 1 27 journal journal NN cord-017585-0llgr357 1 28 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 1 29 Frontiers Frontiers NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 30 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 1 31 Research Research NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 32 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 1 33 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 1 34 Renin Renin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 35 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 1 36 Angiotensin Angiotensin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 37 System System NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 38 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 1 39 Human Human NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 40 Disease Disease NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 41 DOI DOI NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 42 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 1 43 10.1007/978 10.1007/978 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 1 44 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 1 45 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 1 46 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 1 47 4020 4020 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 1 48 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 1 49 6372 6372 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 1 50 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 1 51 5_1 5_1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 1 52 sha sha NN cord-017585-0llgr357 1 53 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 1 54 cda18d4382416b0f821ddc5e3087bc2ea1b12fc0 cda18d4382416b0f821ddc5e3087bc2ea1b12fc0 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 1 55 doc_id doc_id CD cord-017585-0llgr357 1 56 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 1 57 17585 17585 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 1 58 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 1 59 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 1 60 0llgr357 0llgr357 ADD cord-017585-0llgr357 2 1 nan nan NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 3 1 From from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 2 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 3 3 initial initial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 3 4 description description NN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 6 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 7 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 8 over over IN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 9 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 3 10 century century NN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 11 ago ago RB cord-017585-0llgr357 3 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 3 13 ongoing ongoing JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 3 14 study study NN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 15 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 3 17 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 18 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 3 19 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 20 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 3 21 aldosterone aldosterone NN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 22 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 3 24 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 3 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 3 26 continues continue VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 3 27 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 3 28 yield yield VB cord-017585-0llgr357 3 29 novel novel JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 3 30 findings finding NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 3 31 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 3 32 redefine redefine VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 3 33 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 3 34 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 3 35 nature nature NN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 36 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 37 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 3 38 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 39 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 3 40 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 3 41 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 3 42 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 43 reveal reveal VB cord-017585-0llgr357 3 44 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 3 45 complexity complexity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 46 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 47 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 3 48 interplay interplay NN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 49 among among IN cord-017585-0llgr357 3 50 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 3 51 various various JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 3 52 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 3 53 components component NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 3 54 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 4 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 4 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 4 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 4 4 recent recent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 4 5 discoveries discovery NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 4 6 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 4 7 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 4 8 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 4 9 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 4 10 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 4 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 4 12 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 4 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 5 1 Donoghue Donoghue NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 5 2 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 5 3 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 5 4 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 5 5 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 5 6 Tipnis Tipnis NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 5 7 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 5 8 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 5 9 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 5 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 5 11 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 5 12 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 5 13 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 5 14 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 5 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 5 16 Nguyen Nguyen NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 5 17 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 5 18 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 5 19 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 5 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 5 21 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 5 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 5 23 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 5 24 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 5 25 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 5 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 6 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 6 2 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 6 3 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 6 4 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 6 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 6 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 6 7 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 6 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 6 9 Santos Santos NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 6 10 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 6 11 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 6 12 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 6 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 6 14 represent represent VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 6 15 important important JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 6 16 examples example NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 6 17 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 6 18 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 6 19 evolving evolve VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 6 20 concepts concept NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 6 21 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 6 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 6 23 RAAS raa NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 6 24 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 6 25 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 6 26 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 6 27 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 7 1 Coupled couple VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 7 2 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 7 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 7 4 emerging emerge VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 7 5 view view NN cord-017585-0llgr357 7 6 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 7 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 7 8 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 7 9 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 7 10 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 7 11 defined define VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 7 12 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 7 13 simply simply RB cord-017585-0llgr357 7 14 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 7 15 endocrine endocrine JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 7 16 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 7 17 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 7 18 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 7 19 local local JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 7 20 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 7 21 tissue tissue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 7 22 systems system NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 7 23 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 7 24 exhibit exhibit VB cord-017585-0llgr357 7 25 distinct distinct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 7 26 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 7 27 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 7 28 processing process VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 7 29 pathways pathway NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 8 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 8 2 Chappell Chappell NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 8 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 8 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 8 5 1989 1989 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 8 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 8 7 Chappell Chappell NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 8 8 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 8 9 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 8 10 2004 2004 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 8 11 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 8 12 Paul Paul NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 8 13 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 8 14 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 8 15 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 8 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 8 17 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 9 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 9 2 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 3 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 9 4 clearly clearly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 9 5 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 9 6 important important JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 9 7 target target NN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 8 organ organ NN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 9 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 9 11 circulating circulate VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 9 12 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 9 13 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 9 14 particularly particularly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 9 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 9 16 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 9 17 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 18 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 9 19 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 9 20 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 9 21 aldosterone aldosterone NN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 22 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 9 23 promote promote VB cord-017585-0llgr357 9 24 sodium sodium NN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 25 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 9 26 water water NN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 27 reabsorption reabsorption NN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 28 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 9 29 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 9 30 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 9 31 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 32 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 9 33 influence influence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 34 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 35 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 9 36 progression progression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 37 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 38 tissue tissue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 39 injury injury NN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 40 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 9 41 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 9 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 9 43 Harris Harris NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 9 44 1999 1999 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 9 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 9 46 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 10 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 10 2 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 10 3 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 10 4 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 10 5 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 10 6 local local JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 10 7 RAAS raa NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 10 8 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 10 9 expresses express VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 10 10 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 10 11 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 10 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 10 13 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 10 14 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 10 15 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 10 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 10 17 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 10 18 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 10 19 multiple multiple JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 10 20 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 10 21 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 10 22 subtypes subtype NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 10 23 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 10 24 mediate mediate VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 10 25 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 10 26 distinct distinct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 10 27 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 10 28 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 10 29 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 10 30 two two CD cord-017585-0llgr357 10 31 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 10 32 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 10 33 both both CC cord-017585-0llgr357 10 34 normal normal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 10 35 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 10 36 pathophysiolgocial pathophysiolgocial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 10 37 conditions condition NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 10 38 such such JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 10 39 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 10 40 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 10 41 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 10 42 diabetes diabetes NN cord-017585-0llgr357 10 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 10 44 Burns Burns NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 10 45 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 10 46 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 10 47 Carey Carey NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 10 48 & & CC cord-017585-0llgr357 10 49 Siragy Siragy NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 10 50 2003 2003 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 10 51 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 10 52 Navar Navar NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 10 53 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 10 54 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 10 55 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 10 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 10 57 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 11 1 Figure figure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 11 2 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 11 3 illustrates illustrate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 11 4 one one CD cord-017585-0llgr357 11 5 current current JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 11 6 view view NN cord-017585-0llgr357 11 7 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 11 8 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 11 9 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 11 10 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 11 11 network network NN cord-017585-0llgr357 11 12 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 11 13 emphasizes emphasize VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 11 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 11 15 distinct distinct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 11 16 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 11 17 pathways pathway NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 11 18 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 11 19 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 11 20 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 11 21 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 11 22 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 11 23 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 11 24 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 11 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 11 26 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 11 27 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 11 28 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 11 29 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 11 30 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 11 31 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 11 32 mediated mediate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 11 33 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 11 34 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 11 35 AT AT NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 11 36 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 11 37 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 11 38 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 11 39 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 11 40 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 11 41 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 11 42 1−7 1−7 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 11 43 receptors receptor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 11 44 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 12 1 Although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 12 2 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 12 3 emergence emergence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 12 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 12 5 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 12 6 subtypes subtype NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 12 7 distinguishes distinguish VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 12 8 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 12 9 distinct distinct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 12 10 signaling signal VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 12 11 pathways pathway NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 12 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 12 13 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 12 14 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 12 15 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 12 16 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 12 17 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 12 18 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 12 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 12 20 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 12 21 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 12 22 post post JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 12 23 - - JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 12 24 renin renin JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 12 25 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 12 26 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 12 27 form form VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 12 28 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 12 29 degrade degrade VB cord-017585-0llgr357 12 30 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 12 31 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 12 32 must must MD cord-017585-0llgr357 12 33 be be VB cord-017585-0llgr357 12 34 considered consider VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 12 35 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 12 36 lieu lieu NN cord-017585-0llgr357 12 37 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 12 38 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 12 39 overall overall JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 12 40 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 12 41 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 12 42 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 12 43 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 12 44 RAAS raa NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 12 45 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 12 46 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 12 47 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 12 48 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 13 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 13 2 inclusion inclusion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 13 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 13 4 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 13 5 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 13 6 12 12 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 13 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 13 8 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 13 9 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 13 10 potential potential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 13 11 intermediate intermediate NN cord-017585-0llgr357 13 12 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 13 13 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 13 14 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 13 15 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 13 16 via via IN cord-017585-0llgr357 13 17 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 13 18 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 13 19 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 13 20 independent independent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 13 21 pathway pathway NN cord-017585-0llgr357 13 22 reflects reflect VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 13 23 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 13 24 recent recent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 13 25 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 13 26 Figure figure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 13 27 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 13 28 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 14 1 Scheme scheme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 14 2 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 14 3 depicts depict VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 14 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 14 5 processing processing NN cord-017585-0llgr357 14 6 pathways pathway NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 14 7 involved involve VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 14 8 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 14 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 14 10 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 14 11 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 14 12 degradation degradation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 14 13 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 14 14 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 14 15 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 14 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 14 17 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 14 18 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 14 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 14 20 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 14 21 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 14 22 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 14 23 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 14 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 14 25 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 14 26 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 14 27 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 14 28 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 15 1 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 15 2 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 15 3 binds bind VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 15 4 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 5 either either CC cord-017585-0llgr357 15 6 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 7 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 15 8 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 15 9 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 10 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 15 11 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 15 13 R r NN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 15 15 subtypes subtype NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 15 16 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 15 17 while while IN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 18 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 15 19 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 15 20 7 7 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 15 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 15 22 recognizes recognize VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 15 23 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 15 24 AT AT NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 15 25 1−7 1−7 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 15 26 R. R. NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 15 27 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 15 28 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 15 29 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 30 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 15 31 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 32 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 15 33 EPs ep NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 15 34 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 15 35 endopeptidases endopeptidase NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 15 36 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 15 37 NEP NEP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 15 38 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 15 39 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 15 40 demonstration demonstration NN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 41 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 42 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 15 43 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 15 44 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 45 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 15 46 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 47 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 48 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 15 49 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 50 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 15 51 circulation circulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 15 52 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 15 53 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 15 54 tissues tissue NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 15 55 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 15 56 Nagata Nagata NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 15 57 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 15 58 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 15 59 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 15 60 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 15 61 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 16 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 16 2 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 16 3 chapter chapter NN cord-017585-0llgr357 16 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 16 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 16 6 roles role NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 16 7 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 16 8 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 16 9 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 16 10 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 16 11 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 16 12 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 16 13 endopeptidase endopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 16 14 neprilysin neprilysin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 16 15 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 16 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 16 17 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 16 18 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 16 19 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 16 20 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 16 21 intrarenal intrarenal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 16 22 hormones hormone NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 16 23 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 16 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 16 25 RAAS raa NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 16 26 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 16 27 reviewed review VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 16 28 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 17 1 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 17 2 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 17 3 be be VB cord-017585-0llgr357 17 4 considered consider VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 17 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 17 6 activation activation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 17 7 step step NN cord-017585-0llgr357 17 8 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 17 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 17 10 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 17 11 cascade cascade NN cord-017585-0llgr357 17 12 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 17 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 17 14 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 17 15 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 17 16 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 17 17 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 17 18 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 17 19 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 17 20 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 17 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 17 22 Fig Fig NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 17 23 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 17 24 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 17 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 17 26 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 18 1 Although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 18 2 evidence evidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 18 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 18 4 non non JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 18 5 - - JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 18 6 ACE ace JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 18 7 pathways pathway NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 18 8 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 18 9 biosynthesis biosynthesis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 18 10 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 18 11 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 18 12 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 18 13 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 18 14 evident evident JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 18 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 18 16 Sadjadi Sadjadi NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 18 17 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 18 18 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 18 19 2005a 2005a CD cord-017585-0llgr357 18 20 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 18 21 Tokuyama Tokuyama NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 18 22 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 18 23 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 18 24 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 18 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 18 26 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 18 27 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 18 28 likely likely RB cord-017585-0llgr357 18 29 represents represent VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 18 30 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 18 31 major major JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 18 32 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 18 33 if if IN cord-017585-0llgr357 18 34 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 18 35 sole sole JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 18 36 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 18 37 responsible responsible JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 18 38 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 18 39 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 18 40 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 18 41 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 18 42 under under IN cord-017585-0llgr357 18 43 normal normal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 18 44 physiological physiological JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 18 45 conditions condition NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 18 46 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 18 47 humans human NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 18 48 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 18 49 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 18 50 species specie NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 18 51 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 19 1 This this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 19 2 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 19 3 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 19 4 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 19 5 imply imply VB cord-017585-0llgr357 19 6 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 19 7 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 19 8 has have VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 19 9 no no DT cord-017585-0llgr357 19 10 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 19 11 substrates substrate NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 19 12 than than IN cord-017585-0llgr357 19 13 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 19 14 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 19 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 19 16 see see VB cord-017585-0llgr357 19 17 below below RB cord-017585-0llgr357 19 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 19 19 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 19 20 but but CC cord-017585-0llgr357 19 21 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 19 22 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 19 23 primary primary JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 19 24 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 19 25 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 19 26 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 19 27 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 19 28 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 19 29 generation generation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 19 30 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 19 31 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 19 32 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 19 33 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 20 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 20 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 20 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 20 4 identification identification NN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 6 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 7 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 20 8 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 20 9 characterization characterization NN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 10 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 20 12 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 20 13 properties property NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 20 14 must must MD cord-017585-0llgr357 20 15 be be VB cord-017585-0llgr357 20 16 considered consider VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 17 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 20 18 pivotal pivotal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 20 19 achievement achievement NN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 20 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 21 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 20 22 understanding understanding NN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 23 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 20 25 RAAS raa NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 20 26 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 20 27 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 20 28 disease disease NN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 29 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 20 30 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 20 31 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 20 32 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 33 leading lead VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 20 34 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 35 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 20 36 successful successful JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 20 37 development development NN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 38 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 39 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 20 40 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 20 41 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 42 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 20 43 treatment treatment NN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 44 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 45 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 46 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 20 47 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 20 48 disease disease NN cord-017585-0llgr357 20 49 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 21 1 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 21 2 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 21 3 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 21 4 metallopeptidase metallopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 21 5 composed compose VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 21 6 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 21 7 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 21 8 single single JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 21 9 monomeric monomeric JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 21 10 protein protein NN cord-017585-0llgr357 21 11 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 22 1 Somatic somatic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 22 2 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 22 3 contains contain VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 22 4 two two CD cord-017585-0llgr357 22 5 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 22 6 regions region NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 22 7 designated designate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 22 8 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 22 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 22 10 amino amino NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 22 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 22 12 N N NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 22 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 22 14 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 22 15 carboxy carboxy NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 22 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 22 17 C C NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 22 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 22 19 domains domain NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 22 20 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 23 1 Selective selective JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 23 2 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 23 3 against against IN cord-017585-0llgr357 23 4 both both CC cord-017585-0llgr357 23 5 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 23 6 domains domain NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 23 7 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 23 8 somatic somatic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 23 9 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 23 10 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 23 11 now now RB cord-017585-0llgr357 23 12 available available JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 23 13 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 23 14 however however RB cord-017585-0llgr357 23 15 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 23 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 23 17 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 23 18 significance significance NN cord-017585-0llgr357 23 19 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 23 20 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 23 21 two two CD cord-017585-0llgr357 23 22 domains domain NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 23 23 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 23 24 presently presently RB cord-017585-0llgr357 23 25 unknown unknown JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 24 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 24 2 Dive dive VB cord-017585-0llgr357 24 3 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 24 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 24 5 1999 1999 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 24 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 24 7 Georgiadis Georgiadis NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 24 8 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 24 9 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 24 10 2003 2003 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 24 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 24 12 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 25 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 25 2 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 25 3 cleaves cleave VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 25 4 two two CD cord-017585-0llgr357 25 5 residues residue NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 25 6 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 25 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 25 8 carboxy carboxy JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 25 9 end end NN cord-017585-0llgr357 25 10 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 25 11 various various JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 25 12 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 25 13 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 25 14 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 25 15 hence hence RB cord-017585-0llgr357 25 16 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 25 17 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 25 18 description description NN cord-017585-0llgr357 25 19 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 25 20 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 25 21 dipeptidyl dipeptidyl JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 25 22 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 25 23 carboxypepitdase carboxypepitdase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 25 24 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 26 1 Within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 26 2 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 26 3 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 26 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 26 5 somatic somatic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 26 6 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 26 7 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 26 8 primarily primarily RB cord-017585-0llgr357 26 9 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 26 10 glycosylphosphatidylinositol glycosylphosphatidylinositol NN cord-017585-0llgr357 26 11 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 26 12 anchored anchor VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 26 13 membrane membrane NN cord-017585-0llgr357 26 14 protein protein NN cord-017585-0llgr357 26 15 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 26 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 26 17 majority majority NN cord-017585-0llgr357 26 18 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 26 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 26 20 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 26 21 including include VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 26 22 both both CC cord-017585-0llgr357 26 23 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 26 24 regions region NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 26 25 faces face VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 26 26 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 26 27 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 26 28 space space NN cord-017585-0llgr357 26 29 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 27 1 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 27 2 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 27 3 localized localize VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 27 4 throughout throughout IN cord-017585-0llgr357 27 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 27 6 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 27 7 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 27 8 high high JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 27 9 concentrations concentration NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 27 10 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 27 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 27 12 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 27 13 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 27 14 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 27 15 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 27 16 tubules tubule NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 27 17 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 27 18 interstitial interstitial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 27 19 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 27 20 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 28 1 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 28 2 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 28 3 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 28 4 released release VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 28 5 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 28 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 28 7 apical apical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 28 8 surface surface NN cord-017585-0llgr357 28 9 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 28 10 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 28 11 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 28 12 into into IN cord-017585-0llgr357 28 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 28 14 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 28 15 tubular tubular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 28 16 fluid fluid NN cord-017585-0llgr357 28 17 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 28 18 likely likely RB cord-017585-0llgr357 28 19 contributes contribute VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 28 20 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 28 21 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 28 22 urinary urinary JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 28 23 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 28 24 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 28 25 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 28 26 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 29 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 29 2 Hattori Hattori NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 29 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 29 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 29 5 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 29 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 29 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 30 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 30 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 30 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 30 4 tubular tubular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 30 5 fluid fluid NN cord-017585-0llgr357 30 6 should should MD cord-017585-0llgr357 30 7 be be VB cord-017585-0llgr357 30 8 considered consider VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 30 9 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 30 10 distinct distinct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 30 11 intrarenal intrarenal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 30 12 compartment compartment NN cord-017585-0llgr357 30 13 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 30 14 contains contain VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 30 15 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 30 16 processing processing NN cord-017585-0llgr357 30 17 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 30 18 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 30 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 30 20 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 30 21 products product NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 30 22 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 30 23 interact interact VB cord-017585-0llgr357 30 24 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 30 25 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 30 26 receptors receptor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 30 27 along along IN cord-017585-0llgr357 30 28 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 30 29 entire entire JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 30 30 tubular tubular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 30 31 area area NN cord-017585-0llgr357 30 32 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 30 33 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 30 34 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 30 35 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 31 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 31 2 release release NN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 4 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 5 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 31 7 cell cell NN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 8 membrane membrane NN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 9 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 31 10 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 31 11 specific specific JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 31 12 process process NN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 13 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 14 releasing release VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 31 15 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 31 16 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 31 17 " " `` cord-017585-0llgr357 31 18 sheddases sheddase NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 31 19 " " '' cord-017585-0llgr357 31 20 have have VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 31 21 been be VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 22 identified identify VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 23 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 31 24 recognize recognize VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 31 25 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 31 26 unique unique JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 31 27 motif motif NN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 28 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 29 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 31 30 stalk stalk NN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 31 region region NN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 32 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 31 33 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 31 34 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 32 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 32 2 Beldent Beldent NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 32 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 32 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 32 5 1993 1993 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 32 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 32 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 33 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 33 2 conversion conversion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 33 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 33 4 membrane membrane NN cord-017585-0llgr357 33 5 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 33 6 bound bind VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 33 7 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 33 8 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 33 9 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 33 10 soluble soluble JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 33 11 form form NN cord-017585-0llgr357 33 12 does do VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 33 13 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 33 14 appear appear VB cord-017585-0llgr357 33 15 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 33 16 substantially substantially RB cord-017585-0llgr357 33 17 alter alter VB cord-017585-0llgr357 33 18 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 33 19 substrate substrate JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 33 20 preference preference NN cord-017585-0llgr357 33 21 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 33 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 33 23 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 33 24 properties property NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 33 25 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 33 26 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 33 27 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 33 28 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 34 1 Although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 2 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 34 3 significance significance NN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 5 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 34 6 event event NN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 7 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 34 8 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 34 9 currently currently RB cord-017585-0llgr357 34 10 understood understand VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 11 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 34 12 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 13 shedding shedding NN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 14 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 34 15 underlie underlie VB cord-017585-0llgr357 34 16 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 34 17 endocrine endocrine JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 34 18 process process NN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 19 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 34 20 transport transport VB cord-017585-0llgr357 34 21 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 22 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 23 more more RBR cord-017585-0llgr357 34 24 distal distal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 34 25 areas area NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 34 26 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 27 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 34 28 nephron nephron NN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 29 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 34 30 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 34 31 deficient deficient JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 34 32 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 33 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 34 34 peptidase peptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 35 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 36 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 37 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 34 38 discrete discrete JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 34 39 production production NN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 40 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 34 41 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 34 42 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 34 43 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 35 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 35 2 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 35 3 regard regard NN cord-017585-0llgr357 35 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 35 5 Casarini Casarini NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 35 6 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 35 7 colleagues colleague NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 35 8 have have VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 35 9 presented present VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 35 10 intriguing intriguing JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 35 11 data datum NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 35 12 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 35 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 35 14 urinary urinary JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 35 15 excretion excretion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 35 16 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 35 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 35 18 N n CD cord-017585-0llgr357 35 19 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 35 20 terminal terminal NN cord-017585-0llgr357 35 21 domain domain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 35 22 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 35 23 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 35 24 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 35 25 serve serve VB cord-017585-0llgr357 35 26 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 35 27 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 35 28 urinary urinary JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 35 29 marker marker NN cord-017585-0llgr357 35 30 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 35 31 both both DT cord-017585-0llgr357 35 32 humans human NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 35 33 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 35 34 experimental experimental JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 35 35 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 35 36 models model NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 35 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 35 38 Marques Marques NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 35 39 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 35 40 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 35 41 2003 2003 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 35 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 35 43 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 36 1 Extensive extensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 36 2 evidence evidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 36 3 suggests suggest VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 36 4 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 36 5 intrarenal intrarenal NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 36 6 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 36 7 participates participate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 36 8 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 36 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 36 10 direct direct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 36 11 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 36 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 36 13 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 36 14 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 36 15 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 36 16 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 36 17 I. I. NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 37 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 37 2 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 37 3 administration administration NN cord-017585-0llgr357 37 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 37 5 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 37 6 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 37 7 reduces reduce VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 37 8 interstitial interstitial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 37 9 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 37 10 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 37 11 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 37 12 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 37 13 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 37 14 attenuates attenuate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 37 15 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 37 16 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 37 17 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 38 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-017585-0llgr357 38 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 38 3 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 38 4 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 38 5 animal animal NN cord-017585-0llgr357 38 6 model model NN cord-017585-0llgr357 38 7 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 38 8 tissue tissue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 38 9 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 38 10 depleted deplete VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 38 11 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 38 12 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 38 13 preserves preserve VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 38 14 circulating circulate VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 38 15 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 38 16 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 38 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 38 18 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 38 19 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 38 20 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 38 21 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 38 22 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 38 23 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 38 24 significantly significantly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 38 25 reduced reduce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 39 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 39 2 Modrall Modrall NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 39 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 39 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 39 5 2003 2003 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 39 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 39 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 40 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 40 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 40 3 intrarenal intrarenal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 40 4 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 40 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 40 6 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 40 7 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 40 8 were be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 40 9 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 40 10 markedly markedly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 40 11 reduced reduce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 40 12 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 40 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 40 14 tissue tissue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 40 15 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 40 16 null null JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 40 17 mouse mouse NN cord-017585-0llgr357 40 18 while while IN cord-017585-0llgr357 40 19 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 40 20 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 40 21 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 40 22 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 40 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 40 24 concentrations concentration NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 40 25 were be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 40 26 maintained maintain VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 41 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 41 2 Modrall Modrall NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 41 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 41 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 41 5 2003 2003 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 41 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 41 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 42 1 These these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 42 2 data datum NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 42 3 serve serve VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 42 4 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 42 5 emphasize emphasize VB cord-017585-0llgr357 42 6 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 42 7 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 42 8 participates participate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 42 9 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 42 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 42 11 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 42 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 42 13 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 42 14 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 42 15 hormones hormone NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 42 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 42 17 Skidgel Skidgel NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 42 18 & & CC cord-017585-0llgr357 42 19 Erdos Erdos NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 42 20 2004 2004 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 42 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 42 22 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 43 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 43 2 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 43 3 case case NN cord-017585-0llgr357 43 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 43 5 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 43 6 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 43 7 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 43 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 43 9 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 43 10 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 43 11 efficiently efficiently RB cord-017585-0llgr357 43 12 metabolizes metabolize VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 43 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 43 14 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 43 15 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 43 16 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 43 17 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 43 18 5 5 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 43 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 43 20 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 43 21 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 43 22 product product NN cord-017585-0llgr357 43 23 which which WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 43 24 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 43 25 presently presently RB cord-017585-0llgr357 43 26 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 43 27 known know VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 43 28 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 43 29 exhibit exhibit VB cord-017585-0llgr357 43 30 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 43 31 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 44 1 Deddish Deddish NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 44 2 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 44 3 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 44 4 1998 1998 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 44 5 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 44 6 Rice Rice NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 44 7 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 44 8 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 44 9 2004 2004 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 44 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 44 11 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 45 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 45 2 have have VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 45 3 postulated postulate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 45 4 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 45 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 45 6 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 45 7 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 45 8 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 45 9 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 45 10 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 45 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 45 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 45 13 particularly particularly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 45 14 under under IN cord-017585-0llgr357 45 15 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 45 16 activation activation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 45 17 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 45 18 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 45 19 RAAS raa NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 45 20 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 45 21 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 45 22 considered consider VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 45 23 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 45 24 balance balance VB cord-017585-0llgr357 45 25 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 45 26 attenuate attenuate VB cord-017585-0llgr357 45 27 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 45 28 constrictor constrictor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 45 29 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 45 30 proliferative proliferative JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 45 31 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 45 32 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 45 33 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 45 34 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 45 35 Ferrario Ferrario NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 45 36 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 45 37 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 45 38 2005c 2005c CD cord-017585-0llgr357 45 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 45 40 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 46 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 46 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 46 3 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 46 4 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 46 5 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 46 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 46 7 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 46 8 vasodilatory vasodilatory NN cord-017585-0llgr357 46 9 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 46 10 natriuretic natriuretic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 46 11 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 46 12 anti anti JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 46 13 - - JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 46 14 proliferative proliferative JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 46 15 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 46 16 through through IN cord-017585-0llgr357 46 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 46 18 stimulation stimulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 46 19 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 46 20 nitric nitric NN cord-017585-0llgr357 46 21 oxide oxide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 46 22 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 46 23 arachidonic arachidonic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 46 24 acid acid NN cord-017585-0llgr357 46 25 metabolites metabolite NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 46 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 46 27 Sampaio Sampaio NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 46 28 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 46 29 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 46 30 2007 2007 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 46 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 46 32 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 47 1 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 47 2 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 47 3 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 47 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 47 5 abrogates abrogate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 47 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 47 7 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 47 8 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 47 9 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 47 10 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 47 11 activation activation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 47 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 47 13 MAP MAP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 47 14 kinase kinase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 47 15 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 47 16 primary primary JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 47 17 cultures culture NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 47 18 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 47 19 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 47 20 tubule tubule NN cord-017585-0llgr357 47 21 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 47 22 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 47 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 47 24 Su Su NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 47 25 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 47 26 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 47 27 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 47 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 47 29 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 48 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-017585-0llgr357 48 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 48 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 48 4 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 48 5 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 48 6 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 48 7 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 48 8 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 48 9 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 48 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 48 11 were be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 48 12 blocked block VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 48 13 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 48 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 48 15 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 48 16 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 48 17 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 48 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 48 19 antagonist antagonist NN cord-017585-0llgr357 48 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 48 21 D D NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 48 22 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 48 23 Ala Ala NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 48 24 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 48 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 48 26 -Ang-(1 -Ang-(1 : cord-017585-0llgr357 48 27 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 48 28 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 48 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 48 30 suggesting suggest VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 48 31 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 48 32 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 48 33 mediated mediate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 48 34 pathway pathway NN cord-017585-0llgr357 48 35 distinct distinct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 48 36 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 48 37 either either CC cord-017585-0llgr357 48 38 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 48 39 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 48 40 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 48 41 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 48 42 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 48 43 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 48 44 subtypes subtype NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 49 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 49 2 Su Su NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 49 3 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 49 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 49 5 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 49 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 49 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 50 1 Similar similar JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 50 2 effects effect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 50 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 50 4 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 50 5 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 50 6 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 50 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 50 8 were be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 50 9 originally originally RB cord-017585-0llgr357 50 10 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 50 11 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 50 12 non non JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 50 13 - - JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 50 14 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 50 15 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 50 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 50 17 Tallant Tallant NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 50 18 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 50 19 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 50 20 2005a 2005a CD cord-017585-0llgr357 50 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 50 22 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 51 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 51 2 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 51 3 circulation circulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 51 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 51 5 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 51 6 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 51 7 increase increase VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 51 8 circulating circulate VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 51 9 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 51 10 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 51 11 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 51 12 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 51 13 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 51 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 51 15 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 51 16 augment augment VB cord-017585-0llgr357 51 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 51 18 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 51 19 vivo vivo NN cord-017585-0llgr357 51 20 half half NN cord-017585-0llgr357 51 21 life life NN cord-017585-0llgr357 51 22 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 51 23 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 51 24 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 51 25 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 51 26 almost almost RB cord-017585-0llgr357 51 27 6 6 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 51 28 fold fold NN cord-017585-0llgr357 51 29 Yamada Yamada NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 51 30 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 51 31 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 51 32 1998 1998 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 51 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 51 34 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 52 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 52 2 urinary urinary JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 52 3 excretion excretion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 52 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 52 5 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 52 6 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 52 7 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 52 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 52 9 increases increase VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 52 10 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 52 11 both both DT cord-017585-0llgr357 52 12 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 52 13 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 52 14 experimental experimental JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 52 15 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 52 16 models model NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 52 17 following follow VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 52 18 acute acute JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 52 19 administration administration NN cord-017585-0llgr357 52 20 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 52 21 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 52 22 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 52 23 Yamada Yamada NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 52 24 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 52 25 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 52 26 1999 1999 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 52 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 52 28 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 53 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 53 2 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 53 3 excretion excretion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 53 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 53 5 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 53 6 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 53 7 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 53 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 53 9 most most RBS cord-017585-0llgr357 53 10 likely likely RB cord-017585-0llgr357 53 11 reflects reflect VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 53 12 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 53 13 reduced reduce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 53 14 intrarenal intrarenal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 53 15 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 53 16 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 53 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 53 18 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 53 19 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 53 20 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 53 21 efficient efficient JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 53 22 shunting shunting NN cord-017585-0llgr357 53 23 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 53 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 53 25 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 53 26 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 53 27 pathway pathway VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 53 28 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 53 29 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 53 30 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 53 31 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 53 32 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 53 33 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 53 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 53 35 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 54 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 54 2 recent recent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 54 3 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 54 4 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 54 5 isolated isolated JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 54 6 sheep sheep NN cord-017585-0llgr357 54 7 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 54 8 tubules tubule NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 54 9 reveal reveal VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 54 10 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 54 11 without without IN cord-017585-0llgr357 54 12 prior prior JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 54 13 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 54 14 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 54 15 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 54 16 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 54 17 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 54 18 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 54 19 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 54 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 54 21 derived derive VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 54 22 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 54 23 either either DT cord-017585-0llgr357 54 24 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 54 25 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 54 26 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 54 27 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 54 28 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 54 29 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 54 30 rapidly rapidly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 54 31 converted convert VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 54 32 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 54 33 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 54 34 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 54 35 5 5 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 54 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 55 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 55 2 Shaltout Shaltout NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 55 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 55 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 55 5 2007 2007 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 55 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 55 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 56 1 Blockade blockade NN cord-017585-0llgr357 56 2 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 56 3 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 56 4 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 56 5 7 7 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 56 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 56 7 partially partially RB cord-017585-0llgr357 56 8 reverses reverse VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 56 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 56 10 beneficial beneficial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 56 11 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 56 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 56 13 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 56 14 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 56 15 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 56 16 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 56 17 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 56 18 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 56 19 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 56 20 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 56 21 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 56 22 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 56 23 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 56 24 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 56 25 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 56 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 56 27 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 56 28 antibody antibody NN cord-017585-0llgr357 56 29 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 56 30 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 56 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 56 32 D D NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 56 33 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 56 34 Ala Ala NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 56 35 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 56 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 56 37 -Ang-(1 -Ang-(1 : cord-017585-0llgr357 56 38 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 56 39 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 57 1 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 57 2 antagonist antagonist NN cord-017585-0llgr357 57 3 increase increase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 57 4 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 57 5 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 57 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 57 7 Iyer Iyer NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 57 8 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 57 9 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 57 10 1997 1997 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 57 11 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 57 12 Iyer Iyer NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 57 13 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 57 14 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 57 15 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 57 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 57 17 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 58 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-017585-0llgr357 58 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 58 3 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 58 4 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 58 5 Benter Benter NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 58 6 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 58 7 colleagues colleague NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 58 8 find find VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 58 9 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 58 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 58 11 renoprotective renoprotective NN cord-017585-0llgr357 58 12 effects effect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 58 13 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 58 14 exogenous exogenous JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 58 15 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 58 16 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 58 17 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 58 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 58 19 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 58 20 LNAME LNAME NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 58 21 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 58 22 treated treat VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 58 23 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 58 24 were be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 58 25 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 58 26 further further RB cord-017585-0llgr357 58 27 improved improve VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 58 28 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 58 29 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 58 30 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 58 31 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 58 32 captopril captopril NN cord-017585-0llgr357 58 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 58 34 Benter Benter NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 58 35 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 58 36 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 58 37 2006a 2006a CD cord-017585-0llgr357 58 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 58 39 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 59 1 Apart apart RB cord-017585-0llgr357 59 2 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 59 3 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 59 4 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 59 5 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 59 6 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 59 7 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 59 8 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 59 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 59 10 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 59 11 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 59 12 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 59 13 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 59 14 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 59 15 participate participate VB cord-017585-0llgr357 59 16 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 59 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 59 18 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 59 19 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 59 20 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 59 21 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 59 22 including include VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 59 23 kinins kinin NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 59 24 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 59 25 substance substance NN cord-017585-0llgr357 59 26 P p NN cord-017585-0llgr357 59 27 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 59 28 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 59 29 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 59 30 fragment fragment NN cord-017585-0llgr357 59 31 acetyl acetyl NN cord-017585-0llgr357 59 32 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 59 33 Ser Ser NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 59 34 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 59 35 Asp Asp NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 59 36 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 59 37 Lys Lys NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 59 38 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 59 39 Pro Pro NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 59 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 59 41 Ac Ac NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 59 42 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 59 43 SDKP SDKP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 59 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 59 45 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 60 1 Bradykinin-(1 Bradykinin-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 60 2 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 60 3 9 9 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 60 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 60 5 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 60 6 very very RB cord-017585-0llgr357 60 7 rapidly rapidly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 60 8 metabolized metabolize VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 60 9 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 60 10 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 60 11 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 60 12 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 60 13 two two CD cord-017585-0llgr357 60 14 -step -step NN cord-017585-0llgr357 60 15 process process NN cord-017585-0llgr357 60 16 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 60 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 60 18 inactive inactive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 60 19 fragments fragment NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 60 20 bradykinin-(1 bradykinin-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 60 21 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 60 22 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 60 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 60 24 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 60 25 bradykinin-(1 bradykinin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 60 26 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 60 27 5 5 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 60 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 60 29 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 61 1 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 61 2 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 61 3 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 61 4 associated associate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 61 5 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 61 6 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 61 7 circulating circulating NN cord-017585-0llgr357 61 8 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 61 9 tissue tissue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 61 10 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 61 11 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 61 12 bradykinin-(1 bradykinin-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 61 13 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 61 14 9 9 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 61 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 61 16 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 61 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 61 18 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 61 19 content content NN cord-017585-0llgr357 61 20 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 61 21 kinin kinin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 61 22 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 61 23 higher high JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 61 24 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 61 25 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 61 26 tissue tissue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 61 27 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 61 28 null null JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 61 29 mouse mouse NN cord-017585-0llgr357 62 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 62 2 Campbell Campbell NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 62 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 62 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 62 5 2004 2004 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 62 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 62 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 63 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 2 general general JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 63 3 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 63 4 bradykinin bradykinin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 5 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 63 6 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 63 7 potent potent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 63 8 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 9 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 63 10 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 11 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 12 cell cell NN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 13 growth growth NN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 14 through through IN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 15 stimulation stimulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 16 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 17 nitric nitric NN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 18 oxide oxide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 19 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 63 20 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 63 21 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 63 22 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 23 exhibiting exhibit VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 63 24 natriuretic natriuretic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 63 25 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 63 26 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 27 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 63 28 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 63 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 63 30 Scicli Scicli NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 63 31 & & CC cord-017585-0llgr357 63 32 Carretero Carretero NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 63 33 1986 1986 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 63 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 63 35 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 64 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 64 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 64 3 Santos Santos NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 64 4 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 64 5 colleagues colleague NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 64 6 have have VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 64 7 reported report VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 64 8 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 64 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 64 10 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 64 11 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 64 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 64 13 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 64 14 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 64 15 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 64 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 64 17 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 64 18 under under IN cord-017585-0llgr357 64 19 certain certain JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 64 20 conditions condition NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 64 21 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 64 22 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 64 23 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 64 24 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 64 25 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 64 26 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 64 27 release release NN cord-017585-0llgr357 64 28 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 64 29 bradykinin bradykinin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 64 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 64 31 Fernandes Fernandes NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 64 32 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 64 33 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 64 34 2001 2001 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 64 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 64 36 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 65 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-017585-0llgr357 65 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 65 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 65 4 kinin kinin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 65 5 B2 B2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 65 6 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 65 7 antagonist antagonist NN cord-017585-0llgr357 65 8 HOE140 HOE140 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 65 9 blocked block VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 65 10 nitric nitric NN cord-017585-0llgr357 65 11 oxide oxide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 65 12 release release NN cord-017585-0llgr357 65 13 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 65 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 65 15 non non JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 65 16 - - JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 65 17 peptide peptide JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 65 18 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 65 19 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 65 20 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 65 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 65 22 agonist agonist NN cord-017585-0llgr357 66 1 AVE0991 AVE0991 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 67 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 67 2 Wiemer Wiemer NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 67 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 67 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 67 5 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 67 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 67 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 68 1 Similar similar JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 68 2 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 68 3 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 68 4 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 68 5 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 68 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 68 7 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 68 8 circulating circulate VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 68 9 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 68 10 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 68 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 68 12 Ac Ac NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 68 13 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 68 14 SDKP SDKP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 68 15 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 68 16 markedly markedly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 68 17 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 68 18 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 68 19 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 68 20 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 68 21 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 68 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 68 23 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 68 24 cleaves cleave VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 68 25 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 68 26 Lys Lys NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 68 27 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 68 28 Pro pro JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 68 29 bond bond NN cord-017585-0llgr357 68 30 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 68 31 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 68 32 tetrapeptide tetrapeptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 68 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 68 34 Azizi Azizi NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 68 35 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 68 36 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 68 37 1997 1997 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 68 38 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 68 39 Raousseau Raousseau NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 68 40 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 68 41 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 68 42 1995 1995 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 68 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 68 44 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 69 1 Although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 69 2 current current JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 69 3 evidence evidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 69 4 does do VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 69 5 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 69 6 support support VB cord-017585-0llgr357 69 7 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 69 8 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 69 9 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 69 10 Ac Ac NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 69 11 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 69 12 SDKP SDKP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 69 13 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 69 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 69 15 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 69 16 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 69 17 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 69 18 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 69 19 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 69 20 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 69 21 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 69 22 does do VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 69 23 exhibit exhibit VB cord-017585-0llgr357 69 24 potent potent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 69 25 anti anti JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 69 26 - - JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 69 27 fibrotic fibrotic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 69 28 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 69 29 anti anti JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 69 30 - - JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 69 31 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 69 32 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 70 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 70 2 Peng Peng NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 70 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 70 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 70 5 2003 2003 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 70 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 70 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 71 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 71 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 71 3 exogenous exogenous JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 71 4 administration administration NN cord-017585-0llgr357 71 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 71 6 Ac Ac NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 71 7 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 71 8 SDKP SDKP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 71 9 attenuates attenuate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 71 10 proteinuria proteinuria NN cord-017585-0llgr357 71 11 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 71 12 improves improve VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 71 13 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 71 14 function function NN cord-017585-0llgr357 71 15 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 71 16 several several JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 71 17 models model NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 71 18 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 71 19 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 71 20 injury injury NN cord-017585-0llgr357 71 21 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 71 22 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 72 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 72 2 Omata Omata NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 72 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 72 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 72 5 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 72 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 72 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 73 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 73 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 73 3 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 73 4 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 73 5 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 73 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 73 7 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 73 8 Ac Ac NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 73 9 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 73 10 SDKP SDKP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 73 11 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 73 12 be be VB cord-017585-0llgr357 73 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 73 14 only only RB cord-017585-0llgr357 73 15 known know VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 73 16 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 73 17 substrates substrate NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 73 18 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 73 19 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 73 20 exclusively exclusively RB cord-017585-0llgr357 73 21 cleaved cleave VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 73 22 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 73 23 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 73 24 N n CD cord-017585-0llgr357 73 25 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 73 26 terminal terminal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 73 27 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 73 28 domain domain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 73 29 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 73 30 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 73 31 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 74 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 74 2 Raousseau Raousseau NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 74 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 74 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 74 5 1995 1995 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 74 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 74 7 Deddish Deddish NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 74 8 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 74 9 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 74 10 1998 1998 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 74 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 74 12 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 75 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-017585-0llgr357 75 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 75 3 prolyl prolyl FW cord-017585-0llgr357 75 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 75 5 oligo)endopeptidase oligo)endopeptidase NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 6 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 75 7 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 75 8 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 75 9 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 75 10 processes process VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 75 11 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 12 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 13 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 75 14 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 15 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 16 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 75 17 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 18 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 75 19 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 75 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 75 21 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 75 22 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 75 23 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 75 24 neural neural JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 75 25 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 75 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 75 27 Chappell Chappell NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 28 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 29 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 30 1990 1990 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 75 31 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 75 32 Santos Santos NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 33 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 34 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 35 1992 1992 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 75 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 75 37 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 75 38 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 75 39 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 75 40 convert convert VB cord-017585-0llgr357 75 41 thymosin-2 thymosin-2 PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 42 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 75 43 Ac Ac NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 44 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 75 45 SDKP SDKP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 75 46 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 75 47 plasma plasma NN cord-017585-0llgr357 75 48 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 75 49 tissue tissue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 76 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 76 2 Cavasin Cavasin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 76 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 76 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 76 5 2004 2004 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 76 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 76 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 77 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 77 2 unusual unusual JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 77 3 specificity specificity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 77 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 77 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 77 6 N n CD cord-017585-0llgr357 77 7 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 77 8 domain domain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 77 9 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 77 10 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 77 11 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 77 12 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 77 13 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 77 14 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 77 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 77 16 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 77 17 Ac Ac NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 77 18 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 77 19 SDKP SDKP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 77 20 suggests suggest VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 77 21 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 77 22 overlap overlap NN cord-017585-0llgr357 77 23 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 77 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 77 25 activities activity NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 77 26 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 77 27 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 77 28 two two CD cord-017585-0llgr357 77 29 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 77 30 systems system NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 77 31 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 77 32 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 77 33 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 77 34 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 77 35 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 77 36 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 78 1 Although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 78 2 elucidation elucidation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 78 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 78 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 78 5 signaling signal VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 78 6 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 78 7 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 78 8 receptors receptor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 78 9 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 78 10 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 78 11 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 78 12 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 78 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 78 14 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 78 15 Ac Ac NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 78 16 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 78 17 SDKP SDKP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 78 18 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 78 19 at at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 78 20 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 78 21 early early JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 78 22 stage stage NN cord-017585-0llgr357 78 23 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 78 24 future future JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 78 25 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 78 26 should should MD cord-017585-0llgr357 78 27 consider consider VB cord-017585-0llgr357 78 28 whether whether IN cord-017585-0llgr357 78 29 there there EX cord-017585-0llgr357 78 30 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 78 31 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 78 32 basis basis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 78 33 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 78 34 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 78 35 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 78 36 similarities similarity NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 78 37 between between IN cord-017585-0llgr357 78 38 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 78 39 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 78 40 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 79 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 79 2 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 79 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 79 4 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 79 5 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 79 6 including include VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 79 7 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 79 8 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 79 9 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 79 10 has have VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 79 11 been be VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 79 12 primarily primarily RB cord-017585-0llgr357 79 13 emphasized emphasize VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 79 14 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 79 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 79 16 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 79 17 properties property NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 79 18 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 79 19 however however RB cord-017585-0llgr357 79 20 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 79 21 compelling compelling JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 79 22 evidence evidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 79 23 now now RB cord-017585-0llgr357 79 24 reveals reveal VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 79 25 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 79 26 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 79 27 like like JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 79 28 properties property NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 79 29 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 79 30 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 79 31 two two CD cord-017585-0llgr357 79 32 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 79 33 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 80 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 80 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 80 3 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 80 4 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 80 5 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 80 6 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 80 7 recently recently RB cord-017585-0llgr357 80 8 cloned clone VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 80 9 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 80 10 Nyguen Nyguen NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 80 11 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 80 12 colleagues colleague NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 80 13 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 80 14 significant significant JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 80 15 concentrations concentration NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 80 16 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 80 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 80 18 protein protein NN cord-017585-0llgr357 80 19 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 80 20 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 80 21 glomerulus glomerulus NN cord-017585-0llgr357 80 22 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 80 23 vascular vascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 80 24 smooth smooth JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 80 25 muscle muscle NN cord-017585-0llgr357 80 26 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 80 27 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 81 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 81 2 Diez Diez NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 81 3 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 81 4 Freire Freire NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 81 5 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 81 6 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 81 7 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 81 8 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 81 9 Nguyen Nguyen NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 81 10 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 81 11 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 81 12 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 81 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 81 14 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 82 1 Receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 82 2 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 82 3 bound bind VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 82 4 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 82 5 exhibits exhibit NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 82 6 increase increase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 82 7 proteolyitc proteolyitc NN cord-017585-0llgr357 82 8 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 82 9 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 82 10 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 82 11 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 82 12 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 82 13 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 82 14 but but CC cord-017585-0llgr357 82 15 both both DT cord-017585-0llgr357 82 16 pro pro JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 82 17 - - JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 82 18 renin renin JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 82 19 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 82 20 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 82 21 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 82 22 induce induce VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 82 23 distinct distinct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 82 24 signaling signal VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 82 25 pathways pathway NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 82 26 following follow VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 82 27 binding bind VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 82 28 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 83 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 83 2 isolated isolate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 83 3 mesangial mesangial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 83 4 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 83 5 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 83 6 exogenous exogenous JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 83 7 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 83 8 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 83 9 TGF TGF NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 83 10 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 83 11 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 83 12 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 83 13 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 83 14 matrix matrix NN cord-017585-0llgr357 83 15 proteins protein NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 83 16 including include VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 83 17 plasminogen plasminogen NN cord-017585-0llgr357 83 18 activator activator NN cord-017585-0llgr357 83 19 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 83 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 83 21 PAI-1 PAI-1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 83 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 83 23 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 83 24 fibronectin fibronectin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 83 25 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 83 26 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 83 27 apparently apparently RB cord-017585-0llgr357 83 28 independent independent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 83 29 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 83 30 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 83 31 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 83 32 synthesis synthesis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 84 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 84 2 Huang Huang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 84 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 84 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 84 5 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 84 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 84 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 85 1 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 85 2 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 85 3 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 85 4 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 85 5 induce induce VB cord-017585-0llgr357 85 6 cell cell NN cord-017585-0llgr357 85 7 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 85 8 specific specific JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 85 9 signaling signaling NN cord-017585-0llgr357 85 10 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 85 11 inducing induce VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 85 12 conformational conformational JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 85 13 changes change NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 85 14 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 85 15 membrane membrane NN cord-017585-0llgr357 85 16 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 85 17 bound bind VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 85 18 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 85 19 without without IN cord-017585-0llgr357 85 20 alterations alteration NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 85 21 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 85 22 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 85 23 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 85 24 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 85 25 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 85 26 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 86 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 86 2 Benzing Benzing NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 86 3 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 86 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 86 5 1999 1999 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 86 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 86 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 87 1 Two two CD cord-017585-0llgr357 87 2 kinases kinase NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 87 3 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 87 4 c c NN cord-017585-0llgr357 87 5 - - : cord-017585-0llgr357 87 6 Jun Jun NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 87 7 kinase kinase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 87 8 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 87 9 MAP MAP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 87 10 kinase kinase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 87 11 kinase kinase VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 87 12 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 87 13 associate associate NN cord-017585-0llgr357 87 14 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 87 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 87 16 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 87 17 portion portion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 87 18 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 87 19 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 87 20 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 88 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-017585-0llgr357 88 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 88 3 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 88 4 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 88 5 increase increase VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 88 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 88 7 phosphorylation phosphorylation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 88 8 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 88 9 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 88 10 trafficking trafficking NN cord-017585-0llgr357 88 11 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 88 12 phosphorylated phosphorylated JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 88 13 cJun cjun JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 88 14 kinase kinase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 88 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 88 16 Kohlstedt Kohlstedt NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 88 17 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 88 18 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 88 19 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 88 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 88 21 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 89 1 This this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 89 2 aspect aspect NN cord-017585-0llgr357 89 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 89 4 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 89 5 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 89 6 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 89 7 activation activation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 89 8 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 89 9 various various JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 89 10 kinases kinase NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 89 11 has have VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 89 12 been be VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 89 13 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 89 14 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 89 15 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 89 16 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 89 17 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 89 18 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 89 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 89 20 question question NN cord-017585-0llgr357 89 21 remains remain VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 89 22 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 89 23 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 89 24 what what WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 89 25 extent extent NN cord-017585-0llgr357 89 26 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 89 27 occurs occur VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 89 28 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 89 29 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 89 30 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 89 31 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 89 32 tissues tissue NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 89 33 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 90 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 2 addition addition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 3 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 90 4 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 90 5 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 90 6 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 90 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 90 8 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 9 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 90 10 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 90 11 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 90 12 9 9 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 90 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 90 14 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 90 15 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 90 16 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 90 17 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 90 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 90 19 induce induce VB cord-017585-0llgr357 90 20 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 90 21 association association NN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 22 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 23 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 90 24 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 90 25 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 90 26 bradykinin bradykinin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 27 B2 b2 NN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 28 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 29 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 90 30 prevents prevent VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 90 31 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 90 32 rapid rapid JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 90 33 down down NN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 34 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 90 35 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 36 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 37 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 90 38 ligand ligand NN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 39 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 90 40 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 41 complex complex NN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 42 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 90 43 thus thus RB cord-017585-0llgr357 90 44 potentiating potentiate VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 90 45 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 90 46 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 90 47 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 48 bradykinin bradykinin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 90 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 90 50 Burckle Burckle NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 90 51 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 90 52 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 90 53 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 90 54 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 90 55 Chen Chen NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 90 56 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 90 57 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 90 58 2005 2005 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 90 59 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 90 60 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 91 1 Almost almost RB cord-017585-0llgr357 91 2 50 50 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 91 3 years year NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 91 4 following follow VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 91 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 91 6 discovery discovery NN cord-017585-0llgr357 91 7 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 91 8 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 91 9 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 91 10 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 91 11 new new JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 91 12 homolog homolog NN cord-017585-0llgr357 91 13 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 91 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 91 15 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 91 16 termed term VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 91 17 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 91 18 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 91 19 identified identify VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 91 20 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 91 21 two two CD cord-017585-0llgr357 91 22 separate separate JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 91 23 groups group NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 91 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 91 25 Donoghue Donoghue NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 91 26 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 91 27 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 91 28 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 91 29 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 91 30 Tipnis Tipnis NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 91 31 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 91 32 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 91 33 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 91 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 91 35 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 92 1 ACE2 ace2 NN cord-017585-0llgr357 92 2 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 92 3 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 92 4 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 92 5 attenuated attenuate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 92 6 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 92 7 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 92 8 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 92 9 nor nor CC cord-017585-0llgr357 92 10 does do VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 92 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 92 12 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 92 13 share share VB cord-017585-0llgr357 92 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 92 15 same same JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 92 16 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 92 17 properties property NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 92 18 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 93 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 93 2 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 93 3 regard regard NN cord-017585-0llgr357 93 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 93 5 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 93 6 contains contain VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 93 7 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 93 8 single single JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 93 9 zincdependent zincdependent NN cord-017585-0llgr357 93 10 catalytic catalytic NN cord-017585-0llgr357 93 11 site site NN cord-017585-0llgr357 93 12 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 93 13 corresponds correspond VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 93 14 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 93 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 93 16 C C NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 93 17 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 93 18 terminal terminal NN cord-017585-0llgr357 93 19 domain domain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 93 20 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 93 21 somatic somatic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 93 22 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 93 23 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 94 1 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 94 2 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 94 3 carboxypeptidase carboxypeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 94 4 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 94 5 cleaving cleave VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 94 6 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 94 7 single single JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 94 8 amino amino NN cord-017585-0llgr357 94 9 acid acid NN cord-017585-0llgr357 94 10 residue residue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 94 11 at at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 94 12 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 94 13 carboxyl carboxyl NN cord-017585-0llgr357 94 14 terminus terminus NN cord-017585-0llgr357 94 15 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 94 16 various various JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 94 17 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 94 18 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 95 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 95 2 original original JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 95 3 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 95 4 assessed assess VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 95 5 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 95 6 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 95 7 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 95 8 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 95 9 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 95 10 substrate substrate NN cord-017585-0llgr357 95 11 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 95 12 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 95 13 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 95 14 given give VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 95 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 95 16 similar similar JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 95 17 homology homology NN cord-017585-0llgr357 95 18 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 95 19 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 95 20 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 95 21 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 95 22 existing exist VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 95 23 evidence evidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 95 24 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 95 25 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 95 26 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 95 27 independent independent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 95 28 pathways pathway NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 95 29 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 95 30 however however RB cord-017585-0llgr357 95 31 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 95 32 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 95 33 converted convert VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 95 34 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 95 35 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 95 36 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 95 37 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 95 38 nonapeptide nonapeptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 95 39 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 95 40 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 95 41 9 9 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 95 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 96 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 96 2 Donoghue Donoghue NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 96 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 96 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 96 5 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 96 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 96 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 97 1 This this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 97 2 product product NN cord-017585-0llgr357 97 3 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 97 4 currently currently RB cord-017585-0llgr357 97 5 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 97 6 known know VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 97 7 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 97 8 exhibit exhibit VB cord-017585-0llgr357 97 9 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 97 10 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 97 11 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 97 12 but but CC cord-017585-0llgr357 97 13 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 97 14 serve serve VB cord-017585-0llgr357 97 15 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 97 16 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 97 17 substrate substrate NN cord-017585-0llgr357 97 18 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 97 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 97 20 further further JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 97 21 processing processing NN cord-017585-0llgr357 97 22 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 97 23 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 97 24 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 97 25 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 97 26 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 97 27 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 97 28 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 97 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 97 30 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 98 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 98 2 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 98 3 kinetic kinetic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 98 4 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 98 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 98 6 over over IN cord-017585-0llgr357 98 7 120 120 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 98 8 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 98 9 found find VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 98 10 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 98 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 98 12 conversion conversion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 98 13 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 98 14 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 98 15 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 98 16 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 98 17 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 98 18 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 98 19 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 98 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 98 21 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 98 22 much much RB cord-017585-0llgr357 98 23 preferred prefer VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 98 24 over over IN cord-017585-0llgr357 98 25 that that DT cord-017585-0llgr357 98 26 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 98 27 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 98 28 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 99 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 99 2 Vickers Vickers NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 99 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 99 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 99 5 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 99 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 99 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 100 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 100 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 100 3 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 100 4 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 100 5 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 100 6 approximate approximate JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 100 7 500-fold 500-fold CD cord-017585-0llgr357 100 8 greater great JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 100 9 kcat kcat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 100 10 / / SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 100 11 Km Km NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 100 12 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 100 13 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 100 14 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 100 15 versus versus IN cord-017585-0llgr357 100 16 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 100 17 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 100 18 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 100 19 has have VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 100 20 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 100 21 highest high JJS cord-017585-0llgr357 100 22 efficiency efficiency NN cord-017585-0llgr357 100 23 among among IN cord-017585-0llgr357 100 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 100 25 known know VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 100 26 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 100 27 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 100 28 7)-forming 7)-forme VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 100 29 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 100 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 100 31 Fig fig NN cord-017585-0llgr357 100 32 . . NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 100 33 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 100 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 100 35 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 101 1 These these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 101 2 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 101 3 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 101 4 revealed reveal VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 101 5 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 101 6 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 101 7 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 101 8 including include VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 101 9 apelin apelin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 101 10 13 13 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 101 11 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 101 12 dynorphin dynorphin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 101 13 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 101 14 cleaved cleave VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 101 15 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 101 16 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 101 17 at at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 101 18 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 101 19 similar similar JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 101 20 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 101 21 slightly slightly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 101 22 greater great JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 101 23 efficiency efficiency NN cord-017585-0llgr357 101 24 than than IN cord-017585-0llgr357 101 25 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 101 26 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 102 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 102 2 Vickers Vickers NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 102 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 102 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 102 5 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 102 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 102 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 103 1 At at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 2 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 103 3 time time NN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 103 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 103 6 majority majority NN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 7 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 8 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 103 9 have have VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 103 10 focused focus VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 11 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 12 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 103 13 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 14 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 15 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 103 16 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 103 18 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 19 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 20 angiotensins angiotensin NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 103 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 103 22 see see VB cord-017585-0llgr357 103 23 below below RB cord-017585-0llgr357 103 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 103 25 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 103 26 principally principally RB cord-017585-0llgr357 103 27 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 103 28 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 103 29 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 30 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 103 31 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 103 32 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 103 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 103 34 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 103 35 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 103 36 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 103 37 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 38 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 39 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 103 40 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 41 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 103 42 processing processing NN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 43 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 44 apelin apelin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 45 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 103 46 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 103 47 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 103 48 has have VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 103 49 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 103 50 been be VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 51 sufficiently sufficiently RB cord-017585-0llgr357 103 52 addressed address VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 103 53 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 104 1 Similar similar JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 104 2 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 104 3 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 104 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 104 5 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 104 6 exists exist VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 104 7 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 104 8 both both CC cord-017585-0llgr357 104 9 soluble soluble JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 104 10 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 104 11 membrane membrane NN cord-017585-0llgr357 104 12 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 104 13 associated associate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 104 14 forms form NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 104 15 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 104 16 high high JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 104 17 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 104 18 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 104 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 104 20 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 104 21 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 104 22 heart heart NN cord-017585-0llgr357 104 23 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 104 24 brain brain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 104 25 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 104 26 lung lung NN cord-017585-0llgr357 104 27 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 104 28 testes testis NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 104 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 104 30 Harmer Harmer NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 104 31 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 104 32 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 104 33 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 104 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 104 35 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 105 1 Although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 105 2 there there EX cord-017585-0llgr357 105 3 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 105 4 significant significant JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 105 5 circulating circulate VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 105 6 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 105 7 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 105 8 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 105 9 various various JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 105 10 species specie NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 105 11 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 105 12 plasma plasma NN cord-017585-0llgr357 105 13 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 105 14 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 105 15 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 105 16 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 105 17 quite quite RB cord-017585-0llgr357 105 18 low low JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 105 19 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 105 20 but but CC cord-017585-0llgr357 105 21 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 105 22 vary vary VB cord-017585-0llgr357 105 23 among among IN cord-017585-0llgr357 105 24 species specie NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 105 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 105 26 Elased Elased NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 105 27 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 105 28 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 105 29 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 105 30 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 105 31 Rice Rice NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 105 32 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 105 33 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 105 34 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 105 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 105 36 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 106 1 Recent recent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 106 2 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 106 3 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 106 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 106 5 sheep sheep NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 106 6 reveal reveal VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 106 7 appreciable appreciable JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 106 8 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 106 9 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 106 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 106 11 plasma plasma NN cord-017585-0llgr357 106 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 106 13 albeit albeit IN cord-017585-0llgr357 106 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 106 15 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 106 16 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 106 17 significantly significantly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 106 18 lower low JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 106 19 than than IN cord-017585-0llgr357 106 20 that that DT cord-017585-0llgr357 106 21 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 106 22 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 107 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 107 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 107 3 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 107 4 3 3 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 107 5 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 107 6 inset inset NN cord-017585-0llgr357 107 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 108 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 108 2 Shaltout Shaltout NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 108 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 108 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 108 5 2007 2007 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 108 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 108 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 109 1 For for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 109 2 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 109 3 assessment assessment NN cord-017585-0llgr357 109 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 109 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 109 6 compared compare VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 109 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 109 8 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 109 9 activities activity NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 109 10 using use VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 109 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 109 12 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 109 13 substrates substrate NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 109 14 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 109 15 both both CC cord-017585-0llgr357 109 16 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 109 17 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 109 18 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 110 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 110 2 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 110 3 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 110 4 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 110 5 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 110 6 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 110 7 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 110 8 respectively respectively RB cord-017585-0llgr357 110 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 110 10 Data datum NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 110 11 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 110 12 n n NN cord-017585-0llgr357 110 13 = = SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 110 14 4 4 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 110 15 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 110 16 5 5 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 110 17 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 111 1 mean mean VB cord-017585-0llgr357 111 2 ± ± NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 111 3 SEM SEM NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 111 4 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 112 1 * * NFP cord-017585-0llgr357 112 2 P p XX cord-017585-0llgr357 112 3 < < XX cord-017585-0llgr357 112 4 0.05 0.05 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 112 5 vs. vs. CC cord-017585-0llgr357 112 6 control control NN cord-017585-0llgr357 112 7 at at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 112 8 equimolar equimolar NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 112 9 concentrations concentration NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 112 10 under under IN cord-017585-0llgr357 112 11 identical identical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 112 12 incubation incubation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 112 13 conditions condition NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 112 14 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 113 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 113 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 113 3 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 113 4 shown show VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 113 5 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 113 6 Fig Fig NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 113 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 114 1 3 3 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 114 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 114 3 male male JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 114 4 sheep sheep NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 114 5 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 114 6 higher high JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 114 7 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 114 8 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 114 9 than than IN cord-017585-0llgr357 114 10 females female NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 114 11 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 114 12 likely likely RB cord-017585-0llgr357 114 13 contributes contribute VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 114 14 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 114 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 114 16 lower low JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 114 17 half half JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 114 18 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 114 19 life life NN cord-017585-0llgr357 114 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 114 21 t t NN cord-017585-0llgr357 114 22 1/2 1/2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 114 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 114 24 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 114 25 serum serum NN cord-017585-0llgr357 114 26 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 114 27 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 114 28 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 114 29 males male NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 114 30 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 115 1 Addition addition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 2 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 115 4 specific specific JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 115 5 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 115 6 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 7 abolished abolish VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 115 8 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 115 9 conversion conversion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 10 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 11 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 115 12 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 115 13 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 14 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 115 15 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 115 16 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 115 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 115 18 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 19 measured measure VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 20 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 21 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 115 22 HPLC-125 HPLC-125 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 115 23 I i NN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 24 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 115 25 detector detector NN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 26 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 115 27 markedly markedly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 115 28 increased increase VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 115 29 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 115 30 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 115 31 II-[t II-[t NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 115 32 1/2 1/2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 115 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 115 34 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 35 both both DT cord-017585-0llgr357 115 36 male male NN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 115 38 6 6 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 115 39 fold fold VB cord-017585-0llgr357 115 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 115 41 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 115 42 female female JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 115 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 115 44 3 3 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 115 45 fold fold VB cord-017585-0llgr357 115 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 115 47 sheep sheep NN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 115 49 Fig fig NN cord-017585-0llgr357 115 50 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 115 51 3 3 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 115 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 115 53 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 116 1 These these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 116 2 ex ex AFX cord-017585-0llgr357 116 3 vivo vivo NN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 4 data datum NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 116 5 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 6 sheep sheep NN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 7 serum serum NN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 8 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 116 9 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 10 circulating circulate VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 116 11 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 116 12 constitutes constitute VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 116 13 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 116 14 major major JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 116 15 pathway pathway NN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 16 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 116 18 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 19 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 20 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 116 21 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 116 22 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 116 23 support support VB cord-017585-0llgr357 116 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 116 25 increase increase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 26 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 27 circulating circulate VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 116 28 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 116 29 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 116 30 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 116 31 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 32 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 116 33 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 116 34 null null NN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 35 mouse mouse NN cord-017585-0llgr357 116 36 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 117 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-017585-0llgr357 117 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 117 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 117 4 did do VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 117 5 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 117 6 find find VB cord-017585-0llgr357 117 7 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 117 8 soluble soluble JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 117 9 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 117 10 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 117 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 117 12 serum serum NN cord-017585-0llgr357 117 13 contributed contribute VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 117 14 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 117 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 117 16 direct direct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 117 17 conversion conversion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 117 18 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 117 19 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 117 20 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 117 21 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 117 22 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 117 23 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 117 24 9 9 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 117 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 117 26 even even RB cord-017585-0llgr357 117 27 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 117 28 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 117 29 presence presence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 117 30 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 117 31 complete complete JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 117 32 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 117 33 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 117 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 117 35 Shaltout Shaltout NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 117 36 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 117 37 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 117 38 2007 2007 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 117 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 117 40 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 118 1 Within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 118 2 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 118 3 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 118 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 118 5 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 118 6 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 118 7 primarily primarily RB cord-017585-0llgr357 118 8 localized localize VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 118 9 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 118 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 118 11 apical apical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 118 12 aspect aspect NN cord-017585-0llgr357 118 13 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 118 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 118 15 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 118 16 tubule tubule NN cord-017585-0llgr357 118 17 epithelium epithelium NN cord-017585-0llgr357 118 18 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 119 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 119 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 119 3 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 5 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 119 6 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 119 8 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 119 9 MDCK MDCK NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 119 10 cell cell NN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 11 line line NN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 12 revealed reveal VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 119 13 exclusive exclusive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 119 14 trafficking trafficking NN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 15 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 119 17 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 18 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 119 20 apical apical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 119 21 side side NN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 22 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 119 23 while while IN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 119 25 distribution distribution NN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 26 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 27 expressed express VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 28 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 119 29 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 119 30 different different JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 119 31 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 119 32 trafficking traffic VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 119 33 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 34 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 119 35 basolateral basolateral JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 119 36 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 119 37 luminal luminal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 119 38 aspects aspect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 119 39 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 119 40 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 119 41 cell cell NN cord-017585-0llgr357 120 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 120 2 Guy Guy NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 120 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 120 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 120 5 2005 2005 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 120 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 120 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 121 1 Consistent consistent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 121 2 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 121 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 121 4 apical apical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 121 5 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 121 6 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 121 7 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 121 8 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 121 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 121 10 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 121 11 epithelium epithelium NN cord-017585-0llgr357 121 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 121 13 we -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 121 14 found find VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 121 15 significant significant JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 121 16 urinary urinary JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 121 17 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 121 18 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 121 19 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 121 20 converted convert VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 121 21 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 121 22 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 121 23 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 121 24 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 121 25 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 121 26 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 121 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 121 28 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 121 29 but but CC cord-017585-0llgr357 121 30 did do VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 121 31 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 121 32 process process VB cord-017585-0llgr357 121 33 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 121 34 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 121 35 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 121 36 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 121 37 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 121 38 9 9 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 121 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 122 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 122 2 Shaltout Shaltout NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 122 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 122 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 122 5 2007 2007 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 122 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 122 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 123 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 123 2 glycosylated glycosylated JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 123 3 form form NN cord-017585-0llgr357 123 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 123 5 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 123 6 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 123 7 approximately approximately RB cord-017585-0llgr357 123 8 120,000 120,000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 123 9 Daltons dalton NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 123 10 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 123 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 123 12 filtration filtration NN cord-017585-0llgr357 123 13 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 123 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 123 15 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 123 16 into into IN cord-017585-0llgr357 123 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 123 18 tubular tubular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 123 19 fluid fluid NN cord-017585-0llgr357 123 20 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 123 21 highly highly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 123 22 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 123 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 123 24 Shaltout Shaltout NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 123 25 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 123 26 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 123 27 2007 2007 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 123 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 123 29 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 124 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 124 2 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 124 3 regard regard NN cord-017585-0llgr357 124 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 124 5 Lambert Lambert NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 124 6 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 124 7 colleagues colleague NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 124 8 report report VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 124 9 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 124 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 124 11 metallopeptidase metallopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 124 12 ADAM ADAM NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 124 13 17 17 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 124 14 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 124 15 function function VB cord-017585-0llgr357 124 16 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 124 17 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 124 18 secretase secretase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 124 19 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 124 20 release release VB cord-017585-0llgr357 124 21 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 124 22 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 124 23 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 124 24 side side NN cord-017585-0llgr357 124 25 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 124 26 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 124 27 cell cell NN cord-017585-0llgr357 124 28 membrane membrane NN cord-017585-0llgr357 124 29 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 125 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 125 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 125 3 ADAM ADAM NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 125 4 17 17 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 125 5 does do VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 125 6 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 125 7 release release VB cord-017585-0llgr357 125 8 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 125 9 suggesting suggest VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 125 10 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 125 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 125 12 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 125 13 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 125 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 125 15 secretion secretion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 125 16 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 125 17 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 125 18 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 125 19 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 125 20 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 125 21 distinct distinct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 125 22 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 126 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 126 2 localization localization NN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 4 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 126 5 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 126 7 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 126 8 tubule tubule NN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 9 epithelium epithelium NN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 10 along along IN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 11 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 12 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 126 13 elements element NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 126 14 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 126 16 RAS RAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 126 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 126 18 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 126 19 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 126 20 angiotensinogen angiotensinogen NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 126 21 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 126 22 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 126 23 receptors receptor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 126 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 126 25 supports support VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 126 26 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 126 27 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 28 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 29 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 126 30 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 31 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 32 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 126 33 processing processing NN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 34 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 35 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 126 36 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 126 37 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 127 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 127 2 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 127 3 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 127 4 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 127 5 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 127 6 Burns Burns NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 127 7 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 127 8 colleagues colleague NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 127 9 found find VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 127 10 no no DT cord-017585-0llgr357 127 11 evidence evidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 127 12 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 127 13 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 127 14 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 127 15 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 127 16 peptidases peptidase NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 127 17 metabolize metabolize VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 127 18 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 127 19 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 127 20 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 127 21 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 127 22 tubule tubule NN cord-017585-0llgr357 127 23 preparations preparation NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 127 24 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 127 25 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 127 26 perfused perfuse VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 127 27 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 127 28 tubule tubule NN cord-017585-0llgr357 127 29 segments segment NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 127 30 isolated isolate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 127 31 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 127 32 male male JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 127 33 Sprague Sprague NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 127 34 Dawley Dawley NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 127 35 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 127 36 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 128 1 However however RB cord-017585-0llgr357 128 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 128 3 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 128 4 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 128 5 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 128 6 clearly clearly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 128 7 evident evident JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 128 8 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 128 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 128 10 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 128 11 tubules tubule NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 128 12 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 128 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 128 14 conversion conversion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 128 15 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 128 16 exogenous exogenous JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 128 17 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 128 18 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 128 19 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 128 20 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 128 21 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 128 22 9 9 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 128 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 128 24 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 128 25 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 128 26 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 128 27 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 128 28 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 128 29 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 128 30 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 129 1 DX-600 dx-600 RB cord-017585-0llgr357 129 2 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 130 1 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 130 2 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 130 3 9 9 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 130 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 130 5 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 130 6 subsequently subsequently RB cord-017585-0llgr357 130 7 converted convert VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 130 8 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 130 9 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 130 10 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 130 11 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 130 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 130 13 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 130 14 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 130 15 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 130 16 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 130 17 pathway pathway NN cord-017585-0llgr357 130 18 similar similar JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 130 19 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 130 20 that that DT cord-017585-0llgr357 130 21 reported report VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 130 22 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 130 23 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 131 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 131 2 metabolism metabolism VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 131 3 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 131 4 isolated isolate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 131 5 cardiomyocytes cardiomyocyte NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 131 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 131 7 Donoghue Donoghue NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 131 8 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 131 9 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 131 10 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 131 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 131 12 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 132 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 132 2 contrast contrast NN cord-017585-0llgr357 132 3 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 132 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 132 5 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 132 6 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 132 7 we -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 132 8 found find VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 132 9 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 132 10 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 132 11 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 132 12 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 132 13 predominant predominant JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 132 14 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 132 15 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 132 16 convert convert VB cord-017585-0llgr357 132 17 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 132 18 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 132 19 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 132 20 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 132 21 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 132 22 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 132 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 132 24 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 132 25 sheep sheep NN cord-017585-0llgr357 132 26 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 132 27 tubules tubule NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 132 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 132 29 Shaltout Shaltout NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 132 30 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 132 31 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 132 32 2007 2007 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 132 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 132 34 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 133 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 133 2 addition addition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 133 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 133 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 133 5 nonpeptide nonpeptide JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 133 6 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 133 7 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 133 8 MLN-4760 MLN-4760 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 133 9 significantly significantly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 133 10 attenuated attenuate VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 133 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 133 12 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 133 13 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 133 14 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 133 15 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 133 16 at at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 133 17 early early JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 133 18 time time NN cord-017585-0llgr357 133 19 points point NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 133 20 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 134 1 However however RB cord-017585-0llgr357 134 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 134 3 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 134 4 shown show VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 134 5 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 134 6 Fig Fig NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 134 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 135 1 4 4 LS cord-017585-0llgr357 135 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 135 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 135 4 significant significant JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 135 5 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 135 6 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 135 7 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 135 8 activities activity NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 135 9 required require VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 135 10 prior prior JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 135 11 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 135 12 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 135 13 protect protect VB cord-017585-0llgr357 135 14 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 135 15 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 135 16 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 135 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 135 18 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 135 19 rapid rapid JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 135 20 degradation degradation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 135 21 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 135 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 135 23 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 135 24 tubules tubule NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 135 25 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 136 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 136 2 could could MD cord-017585-0llgr357 136 3 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 136 4 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-017585-0llgr357 136 5 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 136 6 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 136 7 participated participate VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 136 8 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 136 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 136 10 direct direct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 136 11 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 136 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 136 13 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 136 14 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 136 15 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 136 16 particularly particularly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 136 17 under under IN cord-017585-0llgr357 136 18 conditions condition NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 136 19 where where WRB cord-017585-0llgr357 136 20 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 136 21 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 136 22 pathways pathway NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 136 23 were be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 136 24 blocked block VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 136 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 136 26 Shaltout Shaltout NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 136 27 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 136 28 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 136 29 2007 2007 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 136 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 136 31 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 137 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 137 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 137 3 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 137 4 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 137 5 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 137 6 directly directly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 137 7 converted convert VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 137 8 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 137 9 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 137 10 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 137 11 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 137 12 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 137 13 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 137 14 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 137 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 137 16 via via IN cord-017585-0llgr357 137 17 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 137 18 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 137 19 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 137 20 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 137 21 respectively respectively RB cord-017585-0llgr357 137 22 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 138 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 138 2 preferred preferred JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 138 3 conversion conversion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 138 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 138 5 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 138 6 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 138 7 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 138 8 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 138 9 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 138 10 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 138 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 138 12 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 138 13 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 138 14 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 138 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 138 16 sheep sheep NN cord-017585-0llgr357 138 17 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 138 18 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 138 19 entirely entirely RB cord-017585-0llgr357 138 20 consistent consistent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 138 21 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 138 22 kinetic kinetic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 138 23 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 138 24 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 138 25 various various JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 138 26 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 138 27 substrates substrate NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 138 28 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 138 29 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 138 30 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 138 31 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 139 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 139 2 Rice Rice NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 139 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 139 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 139 5 2004 2004 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 139 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 139 7 Vickers Vickers NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 139 8 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 139 9 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 139 10 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 139 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 139 12 , , . cord-017585-0llgr357 140 1 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 140 2 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 140 3 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 140 4 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 140 5 membrane membrane NN cord-017585-0llgr357 140 6 fractions fraction NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 140 7 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 140 8 mouse mouse NN cord-017585-0llgr357 140 9 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 140 10 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 140 11 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 140 12 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 140 13 cortex cortex NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 140 14 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 140 15 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 140 16 ACE2-dependent ACE2-dependent NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 140 17 conversion conversion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 140 18 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 140 19 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 140 20 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 140 21 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 140 22 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 140 23 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 140 24 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 140 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 141 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 141 2 Elased Elased NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 141 3 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 141 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 141 5 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 141 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 141 7 Ferrario Ferrario NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 141 8 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 141 9 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 141 10 2005b 2005b CD cord-017585-0llgr357 141 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 141 12 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 142 1 An an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 142 2 explanation explanation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 3 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 142 5 discrepancy discrepancy NN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 6 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 142 8 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 9 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 142 10 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 11 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 12 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 13 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 142 14 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 142 15 readily readily RB cord-017585-0llgr357 142 16 apparent apparent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 142 17 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 142 18 however however RB cord-017585-0llgr357 142 19 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 142 20 if if IN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 21 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 142 22 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 23 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 142 24 different different JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 142 25 kinetic kinetic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 142 26 properties property NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 142 27 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 28 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 142 29 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 142 30 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 142 31 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 142 32 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 142 33 than than IN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 34 sheep sheep NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 142 35 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 142 36 human human NN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 37 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 142 38 then then RB cord-017585-0llgr357 142 39 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 142 40 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 41 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 42 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 142 43 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 142 44 likely likely JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 142 45 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 142 46 be be VB cord-017585-0llgr357 142 47 quite quite RB cord-017585-0llgr357 142 48 different different JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 142 49 among among IN cord-017585-0llgr357 142 50 species specie NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 142 51 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 143 1 Additionally additionally RB cord-017585-0llgr357 143 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 143 3 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 143 4 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 143 5 have have VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 143 6 important important JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 143 7 Figure figure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 143 8 4 4 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 143 9 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 144 1 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 144 2 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 144 3 blocks block VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 144 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 144 5 conversion conversion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 144 6 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 144 7 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 144 8 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 144 9 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 144 10 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 144 11 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 144 12 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 144 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 144 14 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 144 15 isolated isolate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 144 16 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 144 17 tubules tubule NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 144 18 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 144 19 female female JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 144 20 sheep sheep NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 144 21 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 145 1 Sequential sequential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 145 2 addition addition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 4 peptidase peptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 5 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 145 6 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 145 8 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 9 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 10 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 11 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 12 metabolites metabolite NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 145 13 include include VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 14 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 145 15 AP AP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 16 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 145 17 amniopeptidase amniopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 145 19 amastatin amastatin UH cord-017585-0llgr357 145 20 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 145 21 bestatin bestatin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 145 23 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 145 24 CHY CHY NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 25 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 145 26 chymase chymase NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 27 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 145 28 carboxypeptidase carboxypeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 29 A a NN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 145 31 chymostatin chymostatin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 32 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 145 33 benzyl benzyl NN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 34 succinate succinate NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 145 36 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 145 37 CY CY NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 38 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 145 39 cysteine cysteine NN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 40 protease protease NN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 145 42 PCMB PCMB NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 145 44 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 145 45 NEP NEP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 46 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 145 47 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 145 49 SCH3977 SCH3977 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 145 51 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 145 52 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 53 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 145 54 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 55 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 145 56 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 145 57 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 145 58 lisinopril lisinopril NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 59 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 145 60 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 145 61 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 62 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 145 63 MLN-4760 MLN-4760 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 145 64 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 145 65 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 146 1 Data datum NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 146 2 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 146 3 n n NN cord-017585-0llgr357 146 4 = = SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 146 5 4 4 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 146 6 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 146 7 mean mean JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 146 8 ± ± NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 146 9 SEM SEM NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 146 10 implications implication NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 146 11 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 146 12 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 146 13 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 146 14 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 146 15 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 146 16 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 146 17 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 146 18 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 146 19 particularly particularly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 146 20 whether whether IN cord-017585-0llgr357 146 21 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 146 22 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 146 23 involved involve VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 146 24 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 146 25 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 146 26 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 146 27 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 146 28 degradation degradation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 146 29 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 146 30 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 146 31 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 146 32 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 146 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 147 1 Chappell Chappell NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 147 2 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 147 3 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 147 4 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 147 5 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 147 6 Yamada Yamada NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 147 7 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 147 8 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 147 9 1998 1998 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 147 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 147 11 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 148 1 Although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 148 2 Campbell Campbell NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 148 3 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 148 4 colleague colleague NN cord-017585-0llgr357 148 5 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 148 6 significant significant JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 148 7 quantities quantity NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 148 8 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 148 9 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 148 10 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 148 11 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 148 12 9 9 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 148 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 148 14 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 148 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 148 16 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 148 17 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 148 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 148 19 Campbell Campbell NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 148 20 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 148 21 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 148 22 1991 1991 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 148 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 148 24 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 148 25 chronic chronic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 148 26 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 148 27 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 148 28 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 148 29 combined combine VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 149 1 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 149 2 / / SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 149 3 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 149 4 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 149 5 blockade blockade NN cord-017585-0llgr357 149 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 149 7 Chappell Chappell NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 149 8 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 149 9 unpublished unpublished JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 149 10 observations observation NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 149 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 149 12 did do VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 149 13 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 149 14 attenuate attenuate VB cord-017585-0llgr357 149 15 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 149 16 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 149 17 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 149 18 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 149 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 149 20 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 149 21 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 149 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 149 23 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 149 24 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 150 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 150 2 addition addition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 150 3 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 150 4 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 150 5 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 150 6 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 150 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 150 8 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 150 9 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 150 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 150 11 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 150 12 were be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 150 13 maintained maintain VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 150 14 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 150 15 tissue tissue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 150 16 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 150 17 knockout knockout NN cord-017585-0llgr357 150 18 mice mouse NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 151 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 151 2 Modrall Modrall NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 151 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 151 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 151 5 2003 2003 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 151 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 151 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 152 1 Thus thus RB cord-017585-0llgr357 152 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 152 3 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 152 4 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 152 5 vivo vivo NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 152 6 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 152 7 do do VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 152 8 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 152 9 strongly strongly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 152 10 support support VB cord-017585-0llgr357 152 11 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 152 12 ACE2-ACE ACE2-ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 152 13 cascade cascade NN cord-017585-0llgr357 152 14 leading lead VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 152 15 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 152 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 152 17 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 152 18 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 152 19 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 152 20 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 152 21 9 9 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 152 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 152 23 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 152 24 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 152 25 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 152 26 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 152 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 152 28 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 152 29 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 152 30 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 152 31 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 153 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 153 2 molecular molecular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 153 3 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 153 4 utilizing utilize VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 153 5 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 153 6 knockout knockout NN cord-017585-0llgr357 153 7 mice mouse NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 153 8 provide provide VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 153 9 additional additional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 153 10 evidence evidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 153 11 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 153 12 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 153 13 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 153 14 's 's POS cord-017585-0llgr357 153 15 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 153 16 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 153 17 balance balance VB cord-017585-0llgr357 153 18 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 153 19 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 153 20 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 153 21 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 153 22 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 153 23 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 153 24 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 153 25 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 153 26 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 153 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 153 28 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 154 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 154 2 originally originally RB cord-017585-0llgr357 154 3 showed show VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 154 4 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 154 5 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 154 6 null null JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 154 7 mice mouse NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 154 8 exhibit exhibit VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 154 9 higher high JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 154 10 circulating circulating NN cord-017585-0llgr357 154 11 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 154 12 tissue tissue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 154 13 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 154 14 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 154 15 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 154 16 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 154 17 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 155 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 155 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 155 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 155 4 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 155 5 ratio ratio NN cord-017585-0llgr357 155 6 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 155 7 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 155 8 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 155 9 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 155 10 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 155 11 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 155 12 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 155 13 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 155 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 155 15 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 155 16 contribute contribute VB cord-017585-0llgr357 155 17 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 155 18 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 155 19 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 155 20 pathologies pathology NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 155 21 observed observe VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 155 22 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 155 23 older old JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 155 24 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 156 1 null null JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 156 2 mice mouse NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 157 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 157 2 Oudit Oudit NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 157 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 157 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 157 5 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 157 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 157 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 158 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-017585-0llgr357 158 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 158 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 158 4 incidence incidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 158 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 158 6 glomerulosclerosis glomerulosclerosis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 158 7 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 158 8 proteinuria proteinuria NN cord-017585-0llgr357 158 9 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 158 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 158 11 male male JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 158 12 mice mouse NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 158 13 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 158 14 markedly markedly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 158 15 attenuated attenuate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 158 16 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 158 17 AT at NN cord-017585-0llgr357 158 18 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 158 19 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 158 20 blockade blockade NN cord-017585-0llgr357 158 21 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 159 1 Several several JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 159 2 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 159 3 models model NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 159 4 including include VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 159 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 159 6 spontaneously spontaneously RB cord-017585-0llgr357 159 7 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 159 8 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 159 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 159 10 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 159 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 159 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 159 13 stroke stroke NN cord-017585-0llgr357 159 14 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 159 15 prone prone JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 159 16 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 159 17 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 159 18 Sabra Sabra NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 159 19 salt salt NN cord-017585-0llgr357 159 20 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 159 21 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 159 22 exhibit exhibit NN cord-017585-0llgr357 159 23 lower low JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 159 24 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 159 25 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 159 26 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 159 27 protein protein NN cord-017585-0llgr357 159 28 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 159 29 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 159 30 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 159 31 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 159 32 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 159 33 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 159 34 than than IN cord-017585-0llgr357 159 35 normotensive normotensive NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 159 36 controls control VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 159 37 Zhong Zhong NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 159 38 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 159 39 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 159 40 2004 2004 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 159 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 159 42 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 159 43 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 159 44 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 159 45 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 159 46 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 159 47 prehypertensives prehypertensive NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 159 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 159 49 Keidar Keidar NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 159 50 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 159 51 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 159 52 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 159 53 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 159 54 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 160 1 Tikellis Tikellis NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 160 2 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 160 3 colleagues colleague NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 160 4 find find VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 160 5 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 160 6 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 160 7 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 160 8 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 160 9 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 160 10 actually actually RB cord-017585-0llgr357 160 11 higher high JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 160 12 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 160 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 160 14 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 160 15 than than IN cord-017585-0llgr357 160 16 WKY WKY NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 160 17 normotensive normotensive NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 160 18 controls control NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 160 19 at at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 160 20 day day NN cord-017585-0llgr357 160 21 one one CD cord-017585-0llgr357 160 22 following follow VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 160 23 birth birth NN cord-017585-0llgr357 160 24 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 160 25 similar similar JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 160 26 at at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 160 27 42 42 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 160 28 days day NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 160 29 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 160 30 then then RB cord-017585-0llgr357 160 31 dramatically dramatically RB cord-017585-0llgr357 160 32 declines decline VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 160 33 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 160 34 adult adult NN cord-017585-0llgr357 160 35 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 160 36 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 160 37 80 80 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 160 38 days day NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 161 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 161 2 Tikellis Tikellis NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 161 3 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 161 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 161 5 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 161 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 161 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 162 1 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 162 2 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 162 3 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 162 4 however however RB cord-017585-0llgr357 162 5 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 162 6 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 162 7 markedly markedly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 162 8 lower low JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 162 9 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 162 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 162 11 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 162 12 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 162 13 at at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 162 14 all all DT cord-017585-0llgr357 162 15 time time NN cord-017585-0llgr357 162 16 points point NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 162 17 measured measure VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 162 18 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 162 19 declined decline VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 162 20 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 162 21 both both DT cord-017585-0llgr357 162 22 strains strain NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 162 23 at at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 162 24 80 80 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 162 25 days day NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 162 26 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 163 1 Apart apart RB cord-017585-0llgr357 163 2 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 163 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 163 4 interesting interesting JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 163 5 pattern pattern NN cord-017585-0llgr357 163 6 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 163 7 development development NN cord-017585-0llgr357 163 8 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 163 9 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 163 10 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 163 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 163 12 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 163 13 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 163 14 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 163 15 data datum NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 163 16 emphasize emphasize VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 163 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 163 18 need need NN cord-017585-0llgr357 163 19 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 163 20 at at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 163 21 least least JJS cord-017585-0llgr357 163 22 consider consider VB cord-017585-0llgr357 163 23 alterations alteration NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 163 24 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 163 25 both both CC cord-017585-0llgr357 163 26 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 163 27 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 163 28 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 163 29 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 163 30 characterizing characterize VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 163 31 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 163 32 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 163 33 output output NN cord-017585-0llgr357 163 34 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 163 35 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 163 36 RAAS raa NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 163 37 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 164 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-017585-0llgr357 164 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 164 3 parallel parallel JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 164 4 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 164 5 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 164 6 document document VB cord-017585-0llgr357 164 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 164 8 changes change NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 164 9 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 164 10 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 164 11 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 164 12 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 164 13 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 164 14 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 164 15 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 164 16 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 164 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 164 18 during during IN cord-017585-0llgr357 164 19 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 164 20 developmental developmental JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 164 21 period period NN cord-017585-0llgr357 164 22 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 164 23 critical critical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 164 24 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 164 25 establish establish VB cord-017585-0llgr357 164 26 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 164 27 relevance relevance NN cord-017585-0llgr357 164 28 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 164 29 altered alter VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 164 30 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 164 31 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 164 32 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 164 33 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 165 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 165 2 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 165 3 clear clear JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 165 4 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 165 5 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 165 6 all all DT cord-017585-0llgr357 165 7 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 165 8 models model NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 165 9 exhibit exhibit VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 165 10 reduced reduce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 165 11 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 165 12 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 165 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 165 14 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 165 15 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 166 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 166 2 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 166 3 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 166 5 male male NN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 6 mRen2.Lewis mren2.lewis IN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 7 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 8 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 166 9 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 166 10 model model NN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 11 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 12 tissue tissue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 13 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 14 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 15 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 16 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 17 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 166 18 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 166 19 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 166 20 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 166 21 found find VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 166 22 no no DT cord-017585-0llgr357 166 23 difference difference NN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 24 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 25 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 166 26 cortical cortical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 166 27 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 166 28 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 29 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 30 compared compare VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 31 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 32 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 166 33 normotensive normotensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 166 34 Lewis Lewis NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 166 35 strain strain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 36 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 166 37 although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 38 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 166 39 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 40 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 166 41 indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 166 42 lower low JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 166 43 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 166 44 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 166 45 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 166 46 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 166 47 Ferrario Ferrario NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 166 48 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 166 49 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 166 50 2005b 2005b CD cord-017585-0llgr357 166 51 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 166 52 Pendergrass Pendergrass NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 166 53 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 166 54 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 166 55 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 166 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 166 57 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 167 1 Chronic chronic NN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 2 blockade blockade NN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 3 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 4 either either CC cord-017585-0llgr357 167 5 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 167 6 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 7 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 8 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 167 9 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 10 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 167 11 antagonist antagonist NN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 12 increased increase VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 167 13 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 167 14 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 15 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 167 17 kidneys kidney NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 167 18 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 19 both both CC cord-017585-0llgr357 167 20 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 167 21 mRen2.Lewis mRen2.Lewis NNPS cord-017585-0llgr357 167 22 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 167 23 Lewis Lewis NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 167 24 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 167 25 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 167 26 but but CC cord-017585-0llgr357 167 27 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 28 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 29 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 167 30 significantly significantly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 167 31 higher high JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 167 32 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 33 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 167 34 normotensive normotensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 167 35 strain strain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 36 following follow VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 167 37 treatment treatment NN cord-017585-0llgr357 167 38 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 168 1 This this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 168 2 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 168 3 reflect reflect VB cord-017585-0llgr357 168 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 168 5 situation situation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 168 6 where where WRB cord-017585-0llgr357 168 7 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 168 8 blockade blockade NN cord-017585-0llgr357 168 9 does do VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 168 10 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 168 11 completely completely RB cord-017585-0llgr357 168 12 reverse reverse VB cord-017585-0llgr357 168 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 168 14 extent extent NN cord-017585-0llgr357 168 15 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 168 16 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 168 17 injury injury NN cord-017585-0llgr357 168 18 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 168 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 168 20 male male JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 168 21 mRen2.Lewis mren2.lewis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 168 22 model model NN cord-017585-0llgr357 168 23 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 169 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 2 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 169 3 regard regard NN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 169 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 169 6 reduced reduce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 7 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 169 8 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 169 9 elevated elevated JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 169 10 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 169 11 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 169 12 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 169 13 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 169 15 injured injure VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 16 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 17 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 18 albumin albumin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 19 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 169 20 loaded load VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 21 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 169 22 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 169 23 associated associate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 24 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 25 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 26 NF nf NN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 27 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 169 28 B b NN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 29 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 169 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 169 31 Takase Takase NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 169 32 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 169 33 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 169 34 2005 2005 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 169 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 169 36 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 170 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 170 2 contrast contrast NN cord-017585-0llgr357 170 3 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 170 4 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 170 5 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 170 6 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 170 7 product product NN cord-017585-0llgr357 170 8 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 170 9 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 170 10 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 170 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 170 12 increase increase VB cord-017585-0llgr357 170 13 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 170 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 170 15 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 170 16 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 170 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 170 18 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 170 19 during during IN cord-017585-0llgr357 170 20 pregnancy pregnancy NN cord-017585-0llgr357 170 21 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 171 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 171 2 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 171 3 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 171 4 known know VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 5 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 171 7 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 171 8 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 171 9 activated activate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 10 during during IN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 11 pregnancy pregnancy NN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 171 13 yet yet CC cord-017585-0llgr357 171 14 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 15 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 16 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 171 17 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 171 18 altered alter VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 19 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 20 normal normal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 171 21 pregnancy pregnancy NN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 22 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 171 23 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 171 24 it -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 171 25 will will MD cord-017585-0llgr357 171 26 be be VB cord-017585-0llgr357 171 27 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 28 interest interest NN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 29 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 171 30 determine determine VB cord-017585-0llgr357 171 31 whether whether IN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 32 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 171 33 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 34 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 35 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 171 36 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 37 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 171 38 altered alter VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 39 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 171 40 pre pre JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 171 41 - - JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 171 42 eclampsia eclampsia JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 171 43 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 172 1 Diabetic diabetic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 172 2 nephropathy nephropathy NN cord-017585-0llgr357 172 3 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 172 4 clearly clearly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 172 5 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 172 6 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 172 7 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 172 8 activated activate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 172 9 RAAS raa NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 172 10 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 172 11 both both CC cord-017585-0llgr357 172 12 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 172 13 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 172 14 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 172 15 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 172 16 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 172 17 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 172 18 antagonists antagonist NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 172 19 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 172 20 effective effective JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 172 21 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 172 22 attenuating attenuate VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 172 23 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 172 24 progression progression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 172 25 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 172 26 injury injury NN cord-017585-0llgr357 172 27 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 173 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 173 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 173 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 173 4 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 173 5 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 173 6 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 173 7 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 173 8 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 173 9 reduced reduce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 173 10 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 173 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 173 12 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 173 13 tubules tubule NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 173 14 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 173 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 173 16 streptozotocin streptozotocin NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 173 17 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 173 18 induced induce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 173 19 model model NN cord-017585-0llgr357 173 20 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 173 21 type type NN cord-017585-0llgr357 173 22 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 173 23 diabetes diabete VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 174 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 174 2 Tikellis Tikellis NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 174 3 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 174 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 174 5 2003 2003 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 175 1 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 175 2 Wysocki Wysocki NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 175 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 175 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 175 5 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 175 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 175 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 176 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-017585-0llgr357 176 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 176 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 176 4 attenuation attenuation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 176 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 176 6 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 176 7 injury injury NN cord-017585-0llgr357 176 8 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 176 9 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 176 10 model model NN cord-017585-0llgr357 176 11 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 176 12 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 176 13 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 176 14 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 176 15 associated associate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 176 16 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 176 17 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 176 18 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 176 19 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 176 20 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 177 1 A a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 177 2 protective protective JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 177 3 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 177 4 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 177 5 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 177 6 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 177 7 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 177 8 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 177 9 evident evident JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 177 10 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 177 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 177 12 findings finding NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 177 13 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 177 14 chronic chronic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 177 15 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 177 16 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 177 17 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 177 18 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 177 19 diabetic diabetic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 177 20 db db NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 177 21 / / SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 177 22 db db NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 177 23 mice mouse NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 177 24 exacerbates exacerbate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 177 25 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 177 26 extent extent NN cord-017585-0llgr357 177 27 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 177 28 albuminuria albuminuria NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 177 29 almost almost RB cord-017585-0llgr357 177 30 3-fold 3-fold CD cord-017585-0llgr357 177 31 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 178 1 Although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 178 2 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 178 3 content content NN cord-017585-0llgr357 178 4 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 178 5 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 178 6 measured measure VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 178 7 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 178 8 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 178 9 db db NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 178 10 / / SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 178 11 db db NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 178 12 mice mouse NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 178 13 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 178 14 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 178 15 glomerular glomerular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 178 16 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 178 17 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 178 18 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 178 19 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 178 20 reduced reduce VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 178 21 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 178 22 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 178 23 compared compare VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 178 24 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 178 25 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 178 26 control control NN cord-017585-0llgr357 178 27 db db NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 178 28 / / SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 178 29 dm dm NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 178 30 mice mouse NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 178 31 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 179 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 179 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 179 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 179 4 localization localization NN cord-017585-0llgr357 179 5 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 179 6 revealed reveal VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 179 7 distinct distinct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 179 8 patterns pattern NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 179 9 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 179 10 staining stain VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 179 11 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 179 12 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 179 13 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 179 14 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 179 15 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 179 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 179 17 glomerulus glomerulus NN cord-017585-0llgr357 179 18 -ACE2 -ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 179 19 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 179 20 podocytes podocyte NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 179 21 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 179 22 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 179 23 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 179 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 179 25 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 179 26 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 179 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 179 28 Liebau Liebau NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 179 29 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 179 30 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 179 31 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 179 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 179 33 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 180 1 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 180 2 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 180 3 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 180 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 180 5 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 180 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 180 7 nonpeptide nonpeptide JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 180 8 agonist agonist NN cord-017585-0llgr357 180 9 AVE0991 AVE0991 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 180 10 attenuates attenuate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 180 11 proteinuria proteinuria NN cord-017585-0llgr357 180 12 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 180 13 improves improve VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 180 14 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 180 15 vascular vascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 180 16 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 180 17 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 180 18 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 180 19 streptozoticin streptozoticin NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 180 20 Type Type NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 180 21 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 180 22 diabetic diabetic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 180 23 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 180 24 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 180 25 but but CC cord-017585-0llgr357 180 26 did do VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 180 27 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 180 28 reverse reverse VB cord-017585-0llgr357 180 29 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 180 30 urinary urinary JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 180 31 excretion excretion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 180 32 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 180 33 lysozyme lysozyme NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 180 34 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 180 35 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 180 36 marker marker NN cord-017585-0llgr357 180 37 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 180 38 tubulointerstitial tubulointerstitial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 180 39 damage damage NN cord-017585-0llgr357 181 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 181 2 Benter Benter NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 181 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 181 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 181 5 2007 2007 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 181 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 181 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 182 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-017585-0llgr357 182 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 182 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 182 4 ratio ratio NN cord-017585-0llgr357 182 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 182 6 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 182 7 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 182 8 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 182 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 182 10 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 182 11 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 182 12 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 182 13 formed form VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 182 14 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 182 15 exogenous exogenous JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 182 16 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 183 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 183 2 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 183 3 lower low JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 183 4 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 183 5 glomeruli glomerulus NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 183 6 isolated isolate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 183 7 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 183 8 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 183 9 kidneys kidney NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 183 10 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 183 11 diabetic diabetic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 183 12 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 183 13 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 183 14 however however RB cord-017585-0llgr357 183 15 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 183 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 183 17 identity identity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 183 18 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 183 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 183 20 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 183 21 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 183 22 7)-forming 7)-forming CD cord-017585-0llgr357 183 23 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 183 24 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 183 25 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 183 26 determined determine VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 183 27 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 183 28 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 183 29 study study NN cord-017585-0llgr357 183 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 183 31 Singh Singh NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 183 32 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 183 33 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 183 34 2005 2005 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 183 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 183 36 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 184 1 Thus thus RB cord-017585-0llgr357 184 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 184 3 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 184 4 addition addition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 184 5 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 184 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 184 7 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 184 8 tubule tubule NN cord-017585-0llgr357 184 9 epithelium epithelium NN cord-017585-0llgr357 184 10 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 184 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 184 12 glomerulus glomerulus NN cord-017585-0llgr357 184 13 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 184 14 be be VB cord-017585-0llgr357 184 15 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 184 16 second second JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 184 17 key key JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 184 18 site site NN cord-017585-0llgr357 184 19 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 184 20 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 184 21 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 184 22 where where WRB cord-017585-0llgr357 184 23 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 184 24 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 184 25 influence influence VB cord-017585-0llgr357 184 26 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 184 27 local local JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 184 28 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 184 29 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 184 30 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 184 31 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 184 32 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 184 33 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 184 34 function function NN cord-017585-0llgr357 184 35 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 185 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 185 2 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 185 3 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 185 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 185 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 185 6 endopeptidase endopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 185 7 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 185 8 constitutes constitute VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 185 9 significant significant JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 185 10 peptidase peptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 185 11 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 185 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 185 13 particularly particularly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 185 14 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 185 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 185 16 brush brush NN cord-017585-0llgr357 185 17 border border NN cord-017585-0llgr357 185 18 region region NN cord-017585-0llgr357 185 19 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 185 20 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 185 21 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 185 22 tubules tubule NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 185 23 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 186 1 Similar similar JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 186 2 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 186 3 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 186 4 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 186 5 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 186 6 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 186 7 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 186 8 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 186 9 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 186 10 zinc zinc NN cord-017585-0llgr357 186 11 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 186 12 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 186 13 metallopeptidase metallopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 186 14 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 186 15 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 186 16 anchored anchor VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 186 17 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 186 18 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 186 19 apical apical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 186 20 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 186 21 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 186 22 region region NN cord-017585-0llgr357 186 23 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 186 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 186 25 membrane membrane NN cord-017585-0llgr357 186 26 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 186 27 but but CC cord-017585-0llgr357 186 28 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 186 29 apparently apparently RB cord-017585-0llgr357 186 30 resistant resistant JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 186 31 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 186 32 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 186 33 shedding shedding NN cord-017585-0llgr357 186 34 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 187 1 Although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 2 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 187 3 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 187 4 initially initially RB cord-017585-0llgr357 187 5 recognized recognize VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 6 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 187 8 enkephalindegrading enkephalindegrading NN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 9 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 10 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 187 11 frequently frequently RB cord-017585-0llgr357 187 12 referred refer VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 187 13 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 14 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 15 " " `` cord-017585-0llgr357 187 16 enkephalinase enkephalinase NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 187 17 " " '' cord-017585-0llgr357 187 18 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 187 19 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 187 20 now now RB cord-017585-0llgr357 187 21 reveal reveal VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 187 22 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 23 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 187 24 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 25 contributes contribute VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 187 26 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 27 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 187 28 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 29 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 30 various various JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 187 31 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 187 32 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 33 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 187 34 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 187 35 including include VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 187 36 adrenomedullin adrenomedullin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 187 37 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 187 38 angiotensins angiotensin NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 187 39 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 187 40 kinins kinins NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 187 41 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 187 42 endothelins endothelin NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 187 43 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 187 44 substance substance NN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 45 P p NN cord-017585-0llgr357 187 46 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 187 47 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 187 48 natriuretic natriuretic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 187 49 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 187 50 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 187 51 Skidgel Skidgel NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 187 52 & & CC cord-017585-0llgr357 187 53 Erdos Erdos NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 187 54 2004 2004 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 187 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 187 56 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 188 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 188 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 188 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 188 4 development development NN cord-017585-0llgr357 188 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 188 6 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 188 7 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 188 8 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 188 9 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 188 10 more more RBR cord-017585-0llgr357 188 11 recently recently RB cord-017585-0llgr357 188 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 188 13 dual dual JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 188 14 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 188 15 mixed mixed JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 188 16 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 188 17 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 188 18 target target VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 188 19 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 188 20 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 188 21 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 188 22 remain remain VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 188 23 potential potential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 188 24 therapies therapy NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 188 25 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 188 26 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 188 27 disease disease NN cord-017585-0llgr357 188 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 188 29 Veelken Veelken NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 188 30 & & CC cord-017585-0llgr357 188 31 Schmieder Schmieder NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 188 32 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 188 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 188 34 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 189 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 189 2 general general JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 189 3 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 189 4 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 189 5 dual dual JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 189 6 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 189 7 were be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 189 8 either either CC cord-017585-0llgr357 189 9 equally equally RB cord-017585-0llgr357 189 10 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 189 11 more more RBR cord-017585-0llgr357 189 12 effective effective JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 189 13 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 189 14 lowering lower VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 189 15 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 189 16 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 189 17 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 189 18 reducing reduce VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 189 19 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 189 20 injury injury NN cord-017585-0llgr357 189 21 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 189 22 compared compare VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 189 23 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 189 24 monotherapy monotherapy NN cord-017585-0llgr357 189 25 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 189 26 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 189 27 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 189 28 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 189 29 neprilysin neprilysin JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 189 30 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 189 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 189 32 Kubota Kubota NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 189 33 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 189 34 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 189 35 2003 2003 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 189 36 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 189 37 Tikkanen Tikkanen NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 189 38 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 189 39 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 189 40 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 189 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 189 42 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 190 1 However however RB cord-017585-0llgr357 190 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 190 3 two two CD cord-017585-0llgr357 190 4 large large JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 190 5 clinical clinical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 190 6 trials trial NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 190 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 190 8 OCTAVE octave NN cord-017585-0llgr357 190 9 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 190 10 OVERTURE overture NN cord-017585-0llgr357 190 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 190 12 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 190 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 190 14 mixed mixed JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 190 15 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 190 16 omapatrilat omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 190 17 revealed reveal VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 190 18 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 190 19 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 190 20 incidence incidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 190 21 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 190 22 angioedema angioedema NN cord-017585-0llgr357 190 23 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 191 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-017585-0llgr357 191 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 191 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 191 4 drug drug NN cord-017585-0llgr357 191 5 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 191 6 no no DT cord-017585-0llgr357 191 7 more more RBR cord-017585-0llgr357 191 8 effective effective JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 191 9 than than IN cord-017585-0llgr357 191 10 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 191 11 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 191 12 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 191 13 alone alone RB cord-017585-0llgr357 191 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 191 15 Kostis Kostis NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 191 16 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 191 17 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 191 18 2004 2004 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 191 19 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 191 20 Packer Packer NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 191 21 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 191 22 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 191 23 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 191 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 191 25 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 192 1 A a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 192 2 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 192 3 experimental experimental JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 192 4 study study NN cord-017585-0llgr357 192 5 has have VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 192 6 shown show VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 192 7 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 192 8 omapatrilat omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 192 9 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 192 10 amniopeptidase amniopeptidase DT cord-017585-0llgr357 192 11 P p NN cord-017585-0llgr357 192 12 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 192 13 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 192 14 although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 192 15 less less RBR cord-017585-0llgr357 192 16 potent potent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 192 17 than than IN cord-017585-0llgr357 192 18 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 192 19 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 192 20 against against IN cord-017585-0llgr357 192 21 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 192 22 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 192 23 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 192 24 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 192 25 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 192 26 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 192 27 further further RB cord-017585-0llgr357 192 28 augment augment VB cord-017585-0llgr357 192 29 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 192 30 local local JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 192 31 concentrations concentration NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 192 32 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 192 33 kinins kinin NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 192 34 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 192 35 substance substance NN cord-017585-0llgr357 192 36 P p NN cord-017585-0llgr357 192 37 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 192 38 exacerbate exacerbate VB cord-017585-0llgr357 192 39 vascular vascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 192 40 permeability permeability NN cord-017585-0llgr357 193 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 193 2 Sulpizio Sulpizio NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 193 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 193 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 193 5 2005 2005 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 193 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 193 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 194 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 194 2 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 194 3 aspect aspect NN cord-017585-0llgr357 194 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 194 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 194 6 development development NN cord-017585-0llgr357 194 7 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 194 8 more more RBR cord-017585-0llgr357 194 9 selective selective JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 194 10 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 194 11 against against IN cord-017585-0llgr357 194 12 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 194 13 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 194 14 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 194 15 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 194 16 be be VB cord-017585-0llgr357 194 17 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 194 18 clinical clinical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 194 19 benefit benefit NN cord-017585-0llgr357 194 20 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 195 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 195 2 rationale rationale NN cord-017585-0llgr357 195 3 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 195 4 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 195 5 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 195 6 primarily primarily RB cord-017585-0llgr357 195 7 resides reside VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 195 8 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 195 9 preserving preserve VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 195 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 195 11 " " `` cord-017585-0llgr357 195 12 cardioprotective cardioprotective JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 195 13 " " '' cord-017585-0llgr357 195 14 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 195 15 bradykinin bradykinin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 195 16 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 195 17 ANP ANP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 195 18 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 195 19 BNP BNP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 195 20 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 196 1 However however RB cord-017585-0llgr357 196 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 196 3 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 196 4 readily readily RB cord-017585-0llgr357 196 5 metabolizes metabolize VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 196 6 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 196 7 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 196 8 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 196 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 196 10 inactive inactive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 196 11 fragment fragment NN cord-017585-0llgr357 196 12 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 196 13 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 196 14 4 4 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 196 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 196 16 which which WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 196 17 undergoes undergo VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 196 18 further further JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 196 19 hydrolysis hydrolysis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 196 20 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 196 21 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 196 22 dipeptides dipeptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 196 23 Asp Asp NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 196 24 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 196 25 Arg Arg NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 196 26 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 196 27 Val Val NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 196 28 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 196 29 Tyr Tyr NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 196 30 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 197 1 Neprilysin Neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 197 2 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 197 3 cleaves cleave VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 197 4 endothelin endothelin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 197 5 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 197 6 although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 197 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 197 8 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 197 9 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 197 10 clear clear JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 197 11 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 197 12 what what WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 197 13 extent extent NN cord-017585-0llgr357 197 14 reduced reduce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 197 15 intrarenal intrarenal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 197 16 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 197 17 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 197 18 endothelin endothelin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 197 19 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 197 20 beneficial beneficial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 197 21 given give VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 197 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 197 23 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 197 24 diversity diversity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 197 25 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 197 26 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 197 27 endothelin endothelin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 197 28 A A NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 197 29 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 197 30 B b NN cord-017585-0llgr357 197 31 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 197 32 subtypes subtype NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 197 33 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 197 34 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 197 35 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 197 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 197 37 Schiffrin Schiffrin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 197 38 1999 1999 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 197 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 197 40 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 198 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 198 2 additional additional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 198 3 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 198 4 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 198 5 would would MD cord-017585-0llgr357 198 6 prevent prevent VB cord-017585-0llgr357 198 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 198 8 accumulation accumulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 198 9 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 198 10 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 198 11 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 198 12 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 198 13 further further RB cord-017585-0llgr357 198 14 contribute contribute VB cord-017585-0llgr357 198 15 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 198 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 198 17 protection protection NN cord-017585-0llgr357 198 18 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 198 19 kinins kinins NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 198 20 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 198 21 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 198 22 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 198 23 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 198 24 possibly possibly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 198 25 reduce reduce VB cord-017585-0llgr357 198 26 endothelin endothelin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 198 27 release release NN cord-017585-0llgr357 198 28 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 199 1 One one CD cord-017585-0llgr357 199 2 possible possible JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 199 3 caveat caveat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 199 4 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 199 5 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 199 6 approach approach NN cord-017585-0llgr357 199 7 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 199 8 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 199 9 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 199 10 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 199 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 199 12 major major JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 199 13 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 199 14 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 199 15 7)-forming 7)-forming CD cord-017585-0llgr357 199 16 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 199 17 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 199 18 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 199 19 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 199 20 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 199 21 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 199 22 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 199 23 9 9 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 199 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 199 25 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 199 26 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 199 27 circulation circulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 200 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 200 2 Campbell Campbell NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 200 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 200 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 200 5 1998 1998 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 200 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 200 7 Yamamoto Yamamoto NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 200 8 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 200 9 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 200 10 1992 1992 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 200 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 200 12 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 201 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 201 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 201 3 acute acute JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 201 4 administration administration NN cord-017585-0llgr357 201 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 201 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 201 7 potent potent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 201 8 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 201 9 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 201 10 SCH3977 SCH3977 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 201 11 reduced reduce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 201 12 circulating circulate VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 201 13 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 201 14 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 201 15 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 201 16 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 201 17 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 201 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 201 19 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 201 20 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 201 21 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 201 22 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 201 23 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 201 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 201 25 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 201 26 chronically chronically RB cord-017585-0llgr357 201 27 treated treat VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 201 28 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 201 29 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 201 30 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 201 31 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 201 32 lisinoropril lisinoropril NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 201 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 201 34 Iyer Iyer NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 201 35 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 201 36 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 201 37 1997 1997 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 201 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 201 39 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 202 1 Although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 2 plasma plasma NN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 3 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 202 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 5 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 202 6 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 202 7 low low JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 202 8 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 9 non non JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 202 10 - - JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 202 11 detectable detectable JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 202 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 202 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 202 14 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 15 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 202 16 appropriately appropriately RB cord-017585-0llgr357 202 17 localized localize VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 18 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 202 20 ectocellular ectocellular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 202 21 surface surface NN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 22 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 23 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 202 24 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 202 25 smooth smooth JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 202 26 muscle muscle NN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 27 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 202 28 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 202 29 contribute contribute VB cord-017585-0llgr357 202 30 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 31 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 202 32 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 33 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 34 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 202 35 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 202 36 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 202 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 202 38 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 202 39 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 202 40 vasculature vasculature NN cord-017585-0llgr357 203 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 203 2 Llorens Llorens NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 203 3 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 203 4 Cortes Cortes NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 203 5 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 203 6 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 203 7 1992 1992 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 203 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 203 9 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 204 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 204 2 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 204 3 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 204 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 204 5 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 204 6 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 204 7 contribute contribute VB cord-017585-0llgr357 204 8 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 204 9 both both CC cord-017585-0llgr357 204 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 204 11 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 204 12 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 204 13 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 204 14 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 204 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 204 16 degradation degradation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 204 17 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 204 18 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 204 19 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 204 20 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 204 21 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 204 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 205 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 205 2 Allred Allred NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 205 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 205 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 205 5 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 205 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 205 7 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 206 1 Neprilysin Neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 206 2 cleaves cleave VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 206 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 206 4 Pro Pro NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 206 5 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 206 6 -Phe -phe SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 206 7 8 8 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 206 8 bond bond NN cord-017585-0llgr357 206 9 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 206 10 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 206 11 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 206 12 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 206 13 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 206 14 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 206 15 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 206 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 206 17 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 206 18 but but CC cord-017585-0llgr357 206 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 206 20 very very RB cord-017585-0llgr357 206 21 high high JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 206 22 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 206 23 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 206 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 206 25 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 206 26 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 206 27 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 206 28 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 206 29 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 206 30 continue continue VB cord-017585-0llgr357 206 31 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 206 32 metabolize metabolize VB cord-017585-0llgr357 206 33 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 206 34 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 206 35 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 206 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 206 37 at at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 206 38 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 206 39 Tyr Tyr NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 206 40 5 5 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 206 41 -Ile -Ile NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 206 42 6 6 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 206 43 bond bond NN cord-017585-0llgr357 206 44 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 206 45 form form VB cord-017585-0llgr357 206 46 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 206 47 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 206 48 4 4 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 206 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 206 50 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 206 51 Ang-(5 Ang-(5 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 206 52 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 206 53 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 206 54 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 207 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 207 2 Allred Allred NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 207 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 207 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 207 5 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 207 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 207 7 Chappell Chappell NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 207 8 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 207 9 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 207 10 2001 2001 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 207 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 207 12 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 208 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 208 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 208 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 208 4 mixed mixed JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 208 5 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 208 6 omapatrilat omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 208 7 augmented augment VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 208 8 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 208 9 urinary urinary JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 208 10 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 208 11 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 208 12 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 208 13 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 208 14 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 208 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 208 16 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 208 17 both both DT cord-017585-0llgr357 208 18 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 208 19 hypertensives hypertensive NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 208 20 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 208 21 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 208 22 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 208 23 model model NN cord-017585-0llgr357 209 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 209 2 Ferrario Ferrario NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 209 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 209 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 209 5 2002a 2002a CD cord-017585-0llgr357 209 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 209 7 Ferrario Ferrario NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 209 8 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 209 9 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 209 10 2002b 2002b CD cord-017585-0llgr357 209 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 209 12 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 210 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 210 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 210 3 study study NN cord-017585-0llgr357 210 4 revealed reveal VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 210 5 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 210 6 strong strong JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 210 7 correlation correlation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 210 8 between between IN cord-017585-0llgr357 210 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 210 10 reduction reduction NN cord-017585-0llgr357 210 11 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 210 12 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 210 13 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 210 14 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 210 15 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 210 16 excretion excretion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 210 17 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 210 18 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 210 19 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 210 20 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 210 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 210 22 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 210 23 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 210 24 dual dual JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 210 25 peptidase peptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 210 26 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 210 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 210 28 Ferrario Ferrario NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 210 29 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 210 30 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 210 31 2002a 2002a CD cord-017585-0llgr357 210 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 210 33 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 211 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 211 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 211 3 chronic chronic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 211 4 treatment treatment NN cord-017585-0llgr357 211 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 211 6 male male JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 211 7 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 211 8 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 211 9 omapatrilat omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 211 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 211 11 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 211 12 weeks week NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 211 13 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 211 14 30 30 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 211 15 mg mg NN cord-017585-0llgr357 211 16 / / SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 211 17 kg kg NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 211 18 daily daily NN cord-017585-0llgr357 211 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 211 20 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 211 21 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 211 22 associated associate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 211 23 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 211 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 211 25 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 211 26 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 211 27 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 211 28 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 211 29 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 211 30 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 212 1 As as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 212 2 shown show VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 212 3 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 212 4 Fig Fig NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 212 5 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 213 1 5 5 LS cord-017585-0llgr357 213 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 213 3 immunocytochemical immunocytochemical NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 213 4 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 213 5 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 213 6 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 213 7 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 213 8 Figure figure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 213 9 5 5 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 213 10 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 214 1 Increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 214 2 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 214 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 214 4 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 214 5 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 214 6 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 214 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 214 8 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 214 9 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 214 10 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 214 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 214 12 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 214 13 cortex cortex NN cord-017585-0llgr357 214 14 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 214 15 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 214 16 following follow VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 214 17 treatment treatment NN cord-017585-0llgr357 214 18 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 214 19 omapatrilat omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 214 20 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 215 1 Immunocytochemical Immunocytochemical NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 215 2 staining stain VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 215 3 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 215 4 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 215 5 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 215 6 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 215 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 215 8 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 215 9 control control NN cord-017585-0llgr357 215 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 215 11 A a NN cord-017585-0llgr357 215 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 215 13 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 215 14 treated treat VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 216 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 216 2 B b NN cord-017585-0llgr357 216 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 216 4 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 216 5 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 217 1 ACE2 ace2 JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 217 2 staining staining NN cord-017585-0llgr357 217 3 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 217 4 control control NN cord-017585-0llgr357 217 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 217 6 C C NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 217 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 217 8 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 217 9 treated treat VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 217 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 217 11 D D NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 217 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 217 13 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 217 14 group group NN cord-017585-0llgr357 217 15 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 218 1 ACE2 ace2 JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 218 2 staining staining NN cord-017585-0llgr357 218 3 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 218 4 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 218 5 artery artery NN cord-017585-0llgr357 218 6 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 218 7 treated treat VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 218 8 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 218 9 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 218 10 arrow arrow NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 218 11 indicates indicate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 218 12 intimal intimal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 218 13 layer layer NN cord-017585-0llgr357 218 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 218 15 E E NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 218 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 218 17 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 219 1 Renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 219 2 cortical cortical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 219 3 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 219 4 mRNA mrna NN cord-017585-0llgr357 219 5 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 219 6 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 219 7 significantly significantly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 219 8 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 219 9 2-fold 2-fold JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 219 10 following follow VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 219 11 omapatrilat omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 219 12 treatment treatment NN cord-017585-0llgr357 219 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 219 14 F F NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 219 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 219 16 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 219 17 inset inset NN cord-017585-0llgr357 219 18 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 220 1 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 220 2 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 220 3 EF-1 EF-1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 220 4 bands band NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 220 5 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 220 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 220 7 presence presence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 220 8 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 220 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 220 10 specific specific JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 220 11 RT RT NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 220 12 primers primer NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 220 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 220 14 RT+ RT+ NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 220 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 220 16 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 221 1 Data datum NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 221 2 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 221 3 n n NN cord-017585-0llgr357 221 4 = = SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 221 5 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 221 6 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 221 7 8 8 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 221 8 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 221 9 mean mean VB cord-017585-0llgr357 222 1 ± ± NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 222 2 SEM SEM NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 222 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 222 4 both both CC cord-017585-0llgr357 222 5 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 222 6 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 222 7 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 222 8 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 222 9 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 222 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 222 11 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 222 12 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 222 13 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 222 14 cortex cortex NN cord-017585-0llgr357 222 15 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 222 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 222 17 treated treat VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 222 18 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 222 19 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 222 20 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 223 1 Omapatrilat Omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 223 2 treatment treatment NN cord-017585-0llgr357 223 3 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 223 4 revealed reveal VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 223 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 223 6 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 223 7 vascular vascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 223 8 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 223 9 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 223 10 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 223 11 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 223 12 staining stain VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 223 13 evident evident JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 223 14 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 223 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 223 16 intimal intimal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 223 17 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 223 18 medial medial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 223 19 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 223 20 adventitial adventitial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 223 21 regions region NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 223 22 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 223 23 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 223 24 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 223 25 artery artery NN cord-017585-0llgr357 223 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 223 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 223 28 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 223 29 5E 5E NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 223 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 223 31 ; ; , cord-017585-0llgr357 223 32 vascular vascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 223 33 staining staining NN cord-017585-0llgr357 223 34 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 223 35 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 223 36 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 223 37 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 223 38 undetectable undetectable JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 223 39 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 223 40 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 223 41 untreated untreated JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 223 42 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 223 43 group group NN cord-017585-0llgr357 223 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 223 45 Fig Fig NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 223 46 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 223 47 5C 5c CD cord-017585-0llgr357 223 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 223 49 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 224 1 Cortical cortical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 224 2 mRNA mrna NN cord-017585-0llgr357 224 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 224 4 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 224 5 expressed express VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 224 6 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 224 7 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 224 8 ratio ratio NN cord-017585-0llgr357 224 9 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 224 10 EF-1 EF-1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 224 11 increased increase VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 224 12 2-fold 2-fold CD cord-017585-0llgr357 224 13 suggesting suggest VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 224 14 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 224 15 transcriptional transcriptional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 224 16 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 224 17 contributes contribute VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 224 18 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 224 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 224 20 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 224 21 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 224 22 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 224 23 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 224 24 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 224 25 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 224 26 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 224 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 224 28 Fig Fig NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 224 29 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 224 30 5F 5F NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 224 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 224 32 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 225 1 These these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 225 2 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 225 3 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 225 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 5 interest interest NN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 6 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 7 they -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 225 8 reveal reveal VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 225 9 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 225 10 additional additional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 225 11 mechanism mechanism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 225 14 vasopeptidase vasopeptidase JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 225 15 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 16 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 225 17 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 225 18 result result VB cord-017585-0llgr357 225 19 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 20 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 225 21 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 225 22 conversion conversion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 23 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 24 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 225 25 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 225 26 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 27 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 225 28 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 225 29 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 225 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 225 31 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 32 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 225 33 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 225 34 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 225 35 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 225 36 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 37 protecting protect VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 225 38 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 225 39 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 225 40 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 225 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 225 42 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 43 both both DT cord-017585-0llgr357 225 44 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 225 45 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 225 46 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 225 47 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 48 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 225 49 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 225 50 degradation degradation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 51 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 52 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 53 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 225 54 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 225 55 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 226 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-017585-0llgr357 226 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 226 3 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 226 4 data datum NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 226 5 suggest suggest VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 226 6 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 226 7 important important JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 226 8 ability ability NN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 9 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 226 11 dual dual JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 226 12 peptidase peptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 13 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 226 15 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 226 16 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 226 17 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 18 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 226 19 administration administration NN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 20 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 21 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 226 22 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 226 23 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 226 24 alone alone RB cord-017585-0llgr357 226 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 226 26 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 226 27 restore restore VB cord-017585-0llgr357 226 28 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 226 29 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 226 30 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 31 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 226 32 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 226 33 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 34 which which WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 226 35 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 226 36 mitigate mitigate VB cord-017585-0llgr357 226 37 against against IN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 38 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 226 39 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 226 40 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 226 41 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 226 42 AT at NN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 43 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 226 44 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 45 axis axis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 46 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 226 47 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 226 48 RAAS raa NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 226 49 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 227 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-017585-0llgr357 227 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 227 3 Raizada Raizada NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 227 4 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 227 5 colleagues colleague NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 227 6 show show VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 227 7 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 8 lenti lenti JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 227 9 - - JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 227 10 viral viral JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 227 11 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 13 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 227 14 has have VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 227 15 amelioratory amelioratory NN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 16 effects effect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 227 17 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 18 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 19 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 20 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 227 21 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 227 22 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 23 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 227 25 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 227 26 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 227 27 although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 28 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 227 29 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 227 30 effects effect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 227 31 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 32 enhanced enhance VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 33 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 34 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 227 35 were be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 227 36 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 227 37 ascertained ascertain VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 228 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 228 2 Diez Diez NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 228 3 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 228 4 Freire Freire NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 228 5 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 228 6 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 228 7 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 228 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 228 9 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 229 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 229 2 data datum NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 229 3 clearly clearly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 229 4 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 229 5 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 229 6 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 229 7 can can MD cord-017585-0llgr357 229 8 markedly markedly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 229 9 alter alter VB cord-017585-0llgr357 229 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 229 11 balance balance NN cord-017585-0llgr357 229 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 229 13 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 229 14 activated activate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 229 15 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 229 16 pathway pathway NN cord-017585-0llgr357 229 17 towards towards IN cord-017585-0llgr357 229 18 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 229 19 normotensive normotensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 229 20 phenotype phenotype NN cord-017585-0llgr357 229 21 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 230 1 Further further JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 230 2 study study NN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 3 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 230 4 required require VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 5 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 230 6 determine determine VB cord-017585-0llgr357 230 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 230 8 extent extent NN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 9 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 230 11 beneficial beneficial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 230 12 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 230 13 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 14 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 15 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 230 16 reflect reflect VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 230 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 230 18 greater great JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 230 19 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 20 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 21 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 230 22 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 230 23 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 230 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 230 25 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 26 accumulation accumulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 27 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 28 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 230 29 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 230 30 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 230 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 230 32 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 33 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 230 34 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 35 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 230 36 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 230 37 tissue tissue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 230 38 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 231 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 231 2 positive positive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 231 3 influence influence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 231 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 231 5 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 231 6 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 231 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 231 8 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 231 9 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 231 10 following follow VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 231 11 blockade blockade NN cord-017585-0llgr357 231 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 231 13 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 231 14 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 231 15 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 231 16 emphasizes emphasize VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 231 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 231 18 complex complex JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 231 19 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 231 20 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 231 21 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 231 22 components component NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 231 23 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 231 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 231 25 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 231 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 231 27 see see VB cord-017585-0llgr357 231 28 Fig Fig NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 231 29 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 231 30 6 6 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 231 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 231 32 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 232 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 232 2 have have VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 232 3 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 232 4 shown show VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 232 5 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 232 6 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 232 7 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 232 8 alone alone RB cord-017585-0llgr357 232 9 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 232 10 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 232 11 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 232 12 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 232 13 antagonism antagonism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 232 14 increases increase VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 232 15 either either CC cord-017585-0llgr357 232 16 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 232 17 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 232 18 mRNA mrna NN cord-017585-0llgr357 232 19 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 232 20 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 233 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 233 2 Igase Igase NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 233 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 233 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 233 5 2005 2005 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 233 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 233 7 Ferrario Ferrario NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 233 8 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 233 9 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 233 10 2005b 2005b CD cord-017585-0llgr357 233 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 233 12 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 234 1 Consistent consistent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 234 2 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 234 3 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 234 4 data datum NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 234 5 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 234 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 234 7 intact intact JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 234 8 animal animal NN cord-017585-0llgr357 234 9 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 234 10 Gallagher Gallagher NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 234 11 Figure Figure NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 234 12 6 6 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 234 13 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 235 1 A a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 235 2 potential potential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 235 3 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 235 4 scheme scheme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 235 5 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 235 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 235 7 stimulatory stimulatory JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 235 8 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 235 9 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 235 10 pathways pathway NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 235 11 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 235 12 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 235 13 reninangiotensin reninangiotensin JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 235 14 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 235 15 aldosterone aldosterone NN cord-017585-0llgr357 235 16 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 235 17 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 235 18 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 235 19 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 235 20 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 236 1 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 236 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 236 3 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 236 4 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 236 5 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 236 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 236 7 Aogen Aogen NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 236 8 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 236 9 angiotensinogen angiotensinogen NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 236 10 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 236 11 Aldo Aldo NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 236 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 236 13 aldosterone aldosterone NN cord-017585-0llgr357 236 14 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 236 15 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 236 16 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 236 17 R r NN cord-017585-0llgr357 236 18 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 236 19 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 236 20 type type NN cord-017585-0llgr357 236 21 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 236 22 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 236 23 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 236 24 JG JG NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 236 25 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 236 26 juxtaglomerular juxtaglomerular NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 236 27 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 236 28 colleagues colleague NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 237 1 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-017585-0llgr357 237 2 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 237 3 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 237 4 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 237 5 directly directly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 237 6 down down RB cord-017585-0llgr357 237 7 regulates regulate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 237 8 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 237 9 through through IN cord-017585-0llgr357 237 10 activation activation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 237 11 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 237 12 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 237 13 AT AT NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 237 14 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 237 15 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 237 16 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 238 1 Although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 238 2 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 238 3 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 238 4 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 238 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 238 6 alone alone RB cord-017585-0llgr357 238 7 did do VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 238 8 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 238 9 influence influence VB cord-017585-0llgr357 238 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 238 11 basal basal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 238 12 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 238 13 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 238 14 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 238 15 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 238 16 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 238 17 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 238 18 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 238 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 238 20 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 238 21 attenuated attenuate VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 238 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 238 23 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 238 24 effects effect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 238 25 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 238 26 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 238 27 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 238 28 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 238 29 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 238 30 via via IN cord-017585-0llgr357 238 31 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 238 32 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 238 33 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 238 34 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 238 35 mechanism mechanism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 238 36 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 239 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 239 2 contrast contrast NN cord-017585-0llgr357 239 3 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 239 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 239 5 negative negative JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 239 6 influence influence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 239 7 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 239 8 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 239 9 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 239 10 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 239 11 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 239 12 increases increase VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 239 13 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 239 14 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 239 15 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 239 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 239 17 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 239 18 Sadjadi Sadjadi NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 239 19 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 239 20 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 239 21 2005b 2005b CD cord-017585-0llgr357 239 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 239 23 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 240 1 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 240 2 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 240 3 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 240 4 positively positively RB cord-017585-0llgr357 240 5 influences influence VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 240 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 240 7 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 240 8 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 240 9 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 240 10 precursor precursor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 240 11 protein protein NN cord-017585-0llgr357 240 12 angiotensinogen angiotensinogen NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 240 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 240 14 Kobori Kobori NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 240 15 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 240 16 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 240 17 2001 2001 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 240 18 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 240 19 Zhang Zhang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 240 20 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 240 21 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 240 22 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 240 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 240 24 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 240 25 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 240 26 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 240 27 selective selective JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 240 28 areas area NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 240 29 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 240 30 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 240 31 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 240 32 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 240 33 either either CC cord-017585-0llgr357 240 34 maintains maintain VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 240 35 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 240 36 up up RB cord-017585-0llgr357 240 37 regulates regulate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 240 38 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 240 39 AT AT NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 240 40 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 240 41 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 240 42 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 240 43 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 240 44 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 241 1 This this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 241 2 effect effect NN cord-017585-0llgr357 241 3 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 241 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 241 5 AT AT NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 241 6 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 241 7 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 241 8 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 241 9 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 241 10 lead lead VB cord-017585-0llgr357 241 11 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 241 12 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 241 13 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 241 14 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 241 15 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 241 16 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 241 17 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 241 18 via via IN cord-017585-0llgr357 241 19 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 241 20 mediated mediate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 241 21 uptake uptake NN cord-017585-0llgr357 241 22 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 241 23 stable stable JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 241 24 sequestration sequestration NN cord-017585-0llgr357 241 25 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 241 26 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 241 27 circulating circulate VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 241 28 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 241 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 241 30 Ingert Ingert NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 241 31 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 241 32 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 241 33 2002 2002 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 241 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 241 35 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 242 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 242 2 contrast contrast NN cord-017585-0llgr357 242 3 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 242 4 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 242 5 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 242 6 7 7 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 242 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 242 8 can can MD cord-017585-0llgr357 242 9 down down RP cord-017585-0llgr357 242 10 regulate regulate VB cord-017585-0llgr357 242 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 242 12 AT AT NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 242 13 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 242 14 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 242 15 through through IN cord-017585-0llgr357 242 16 stimulation stimulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 242 17 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 242 18 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 242 19 cylocoxygenase cylocoxygenase JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 242 20 pathway pathway NN cord-017585-0llgr357 242 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 242 22 Clark Clark NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 242 23 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 242 24 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 242 25 2003 2003 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 242 26 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 242 27 Clark Clark NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 242 28 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 242 29 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 242 30 2001 2001 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 242 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 242 32 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 243 1 There there EX cord-017585-0llgr357 243 2 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 243 3 few few JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 243 4 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 243 5 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 243 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 243 7 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 243 8 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 243 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 243 10 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 243 11 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 243 12 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 243 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 243 14 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 243 15 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 243 16 although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 243 17 chronic chronic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 243 18 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 243 19 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 243 20 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 243 21 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 243 22 blockade blockade NN cord-017585-0llgr357 243 23 reduced reduce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 243 24 mas mas NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 243 25 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 243 26 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 243 27 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 243 28 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 243 29 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 243 30 cortex cortex NN cord-017585-0llgr357 243 31 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 243 32 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 243 33 Ren2 Ren2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 243 34 Lewis Lewis NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 243 35 congenic congenic NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 243 36 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 243 37 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 244 1 Consistent consistent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 244 2 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 244 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 244 4 positive positive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 244 5 feedback feedback NN cord-017585-0llgr357 244 6 concept concept NN cord-017585-0llgr357 244 7 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 244 8 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 244 9 current current JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 244 10 evidence evidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 244 11 suggests suggest VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 244 12 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 244 13 aldosterone aldosterone NN cord-017585-0llgr357 244 14 down down RP cord-017585-0llgr357 244 15 regulates regulate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 244 16 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 245 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 245 2 Keidar Keidar NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 245 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 245 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 245 5 2005 2005 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 245 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 246 1 Tallant Tallant NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 246 2 et et FW cord-017585-0llgr357 246 3 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 246 4 2005b 2005b CD cord-017585-0llgr357 246 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 247 1 while while IN cord-017585-0llgr357 247 2 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 247 3 mineralocorticoid mineralocorticoid NN cord-017585-0llgr357 247 4 increases increase VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 247 5 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 247 6 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 247 7 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 247 8 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 247 9 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 247 10 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 247 11 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 247 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 247 13 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 247 14 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 247 15 intrarenal intrarenal NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 247 16 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 247 17 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 248 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 248 2 Bayorh Bayorh NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 248 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 248 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 248 5 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 248 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 248 7 Klar Klar NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 248 8 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 248 9 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 248 10 2004 2004 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 248 11 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 248 12 Schiffrin Schiffrin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 248 13 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 248 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 248 15 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 249 1 Thus thus RB cord-017585-0llgr357 249 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 249 3 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 249 4 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 249 5 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 249 6 appears appear VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 249 7 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 249 8 function function VB cord-017585-0llgr357 249 9 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 249 10 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 249 11 positive positive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 249 12 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 249 13 manner manner NN cord-017585-0llgr357 249 14 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 249 15 these these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 249 16 components component NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 249 17 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 249 18 promote promote VB cord-017585-0llgr357 249 19 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 249 20 maintain maintain VB cord-017585-0llgr357 249 21 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 249 22 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 249 23 content content NN cord-017585-0llgr357 249 24 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 250 1 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 250 2 this this DT cord-017585-0llgr357 250 3 regard regard NN cord-017585-0llgr357 250 4 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 250 5 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 250 6 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 250 7 serve serve VB cord-017585-0llgr357 250 8 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 250 9 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 250 10 important important JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 250 11 mechanism mechanism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 250 12 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 250 13 break break VB cord-017585-0llgr357 250 14 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 250 15 reduce reduce VB cord-017585-0llgr357 250 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 250 17 positive positive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 250 18 gain gain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 250 19 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 250 20 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 250 21 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 250 22 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 250 23 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 250 24 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 250 25 production production NN cord-017585-0llgr357 250 26 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 250 27 enhanced enhance VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 250 28 signaling signaling NN cord-017585-0llgr357 250 29 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 250 30 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 250 31 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 250 32 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 251 1 Although although IN cord-017585-0llgr357 251 2 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 251 3 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 251 4 potently potently RB cord-017585-0llgr357 251 5 reduces reduce VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 251 6 juxtaglomerular juxtaglomerular NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 251 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 251 8 JG)derived JG)derived NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 251 9 release release NN cord-017585-0llgr357 251 10 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 251 11 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 251 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 251 13 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 251 14 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 251 15 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 251 16 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 251 17 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 251 18 suppressed suppress VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 251 19 but but CC cord-017585-0llgr357 251 20 increases increase NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 251 21 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 251 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 251 23 collecting collecting NN cord-017585-0llgr357 251 24 duct duct NN cord-017585-0llgr357 251 25 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 251 26 distal distal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 251 27 tubules tubule NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 251 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 251 29 Prieto Prieto NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 251 30 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 251 31 Carrasquero Carrasquero NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 251 32 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 251 33 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 251 34 2004 2004 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 251 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 251 36 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 252 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 252 2 negative negative JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 252 3 feedback feedback NN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 4 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 5 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 6 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 7 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 8 JG JG NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 9 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 10 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 252 11 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 252 12 be be VB cord-017585-0llgr357 252 13 balanced balance VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 14 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 15 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 16 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 252 17 independent independent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 252 18 pathways pathway NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 252 19 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 252 20 contribute contribute VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 21 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 252 23 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 24 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 25 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 26 I. I. NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 27 Alternatively Alternatively NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 28 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 252 29 Nagata Nagata NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 30 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 252 31 colleagues colleague NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 252 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 252 33 Nagata Nagata NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 34 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 35 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 36 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 252 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 252 38 find find VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 39 significant significant JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 252 40 concentrations concentration NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 252 41 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 42 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 252 43 novel novel JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 252 44 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 45 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 46 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 252 47 12 12 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 252 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 252 49 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 50 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 252 51 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 52 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 252 53 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 252 54 tissues tissue NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 252 55 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 252 56 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 252 57 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 252 58 require require VB cord-017585-0llgr357 252 59 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 60 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 61 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 252 62 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 63 's 's POS cord-017585-0llgr357 252 64 synthesis synthesis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 252 65 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 252 66 see see VB cord-017585-0llgr357 252 67 Fig Fig NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 68 . . NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 252 69 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 252 70 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 252 71 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 253 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 253 2 infusion infusion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 253 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 253 4 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 253 5 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 253 6 12 12 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 253 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 253 8 produced produce VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 253 9 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 253 10 immediate immediate JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 253 11 increase increase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 253 12 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 253 13 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 253 14 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 253 15 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 253 16 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 253 17 abolished abolish VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 253 18 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 253 19 either either CC cord-017585-0llgr357 253 20 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 253 21 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 253 22 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 253 23 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 253 24 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 253 25 AT at NN cord-017585-0llgr357 253 26 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 253 27 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 253 28 antagonist antagonist NN cord-017585-0llgr357 253 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 253 30 Nagata Nagata NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 253 31 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 253 32 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 253 33 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 253 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 253 35 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 254 1 These these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 254 2 data datum NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 254 3 suggest suggest VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 254 4 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 254 5 following follow VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 254 6 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 254 7 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 254 8 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 254 9 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 254 10 12 12 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 254 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 254 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 254 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 254 14 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 254 15 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 254 16 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 254 17 intermediate intermediate NN cord-017585-0llgr357 254 18 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 254 19 converted convert VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 254 20 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 254 21 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 254 22 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 254 23 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 254 24 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 254 25 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 255 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 255 2 elucidation elucidation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 255 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 255 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 255 5 enzyme(s enzyme(s NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 255 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 255 7 responsible responsible JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 255 8 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 255 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 255 10 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 255 11 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 255 12 Ang-(1 Ang-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 255 13 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 255 14 12 12 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 255 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 255 16 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 255 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 255 18 factors factor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 255 19 that that WDT cord-017585-0llgr357 255 20 influence influence VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 255 21 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 255 22 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 255 23 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 255 24 greatly greatly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 255 25 contribute contribute VB cord-017585-0llgr357 255 26 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 255 27 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 255 28 understanding understanding NN cord-017585-0llgr357 255 29 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 255 30 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 255 31 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 255 32 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 255 33 intrarenal intrarenal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 255 34 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 255 35 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 255 36 particularly particularly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 255 37 under under IN cord-017585-0llgr357 255 38 pathophysiological pathophysiological JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 255 39 conditions condition NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 255 40 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 256 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 256 2 majority majority NN cord-017585-0llgr357 256 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 256 4 experimental experimental JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 256 5 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 256 6 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 256 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 256 8 RAAS raa NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 256 9 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 256 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 256 11 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 256 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 256 13 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 256 14 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 256 15 have have VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 256 16 utilized utilize VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 256 17 male male JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 256 18 animals animal NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 256 19 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 257 1 As as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 2 there there EX cord-017585-0llgr357 257 3 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 257 4 overwhelming overwhelming JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 257 5 evidence evidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 6 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 7 sex sex NN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 8 differences difference NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 257 9 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 257 11 extent extent NN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 13 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 14 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 257 15 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 257 16 injury injury NN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 17 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 257 18 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 257 19 consideration consideration NN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 20 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 21 gender gender NN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 22 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 23 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 257 24 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 25 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 26 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 257 27 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 257 28 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 257 29 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 30 cascade cascade NN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 31 should should MD cord-017585-0llgr357 257 32 be be VB cord-017585-0llgr357 257 33 carefully carefully RB cord-017585-0llgr357 257 34 considered consider VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 257 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 257 36 Bachmann Bachmann NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 257 37 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 257 38 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 257 39 1991 1991 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 257 40 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 258 1 Brosnihan Brosnihan NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 258 2 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 258 3 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 258 4 1999 1999 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 258 5 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 258 6 Reckelhoff Reckelhoff NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 258 7 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 258 8 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 258 9 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 258 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 258 11 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 259 1 For for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 2 example example NN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 3 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 259 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 259 5 presence presence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 6 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 7 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 259 8 damage damage NN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 9 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 259 11 male male JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 259 12 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 259 13 knockout knockout NN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 14 mice mouse NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 259 15 was be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 259 16 not not RB cord-017585-0llgr357 259 17 evident evident JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 259 18 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 259 20 estrogen estrogen NN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 21 replete replete JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 259 22 female female JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 259 23 littermates littermate NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 259 24 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 259 25 possibly possibly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 259 26 there there EX cord-017585-0llgr357 259 27 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 259 28 greater great JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 259 29 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 30 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 31 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 259 32 components component NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 259 33 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 34 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 259 35 males male NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 259 36 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 37 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 259 38 loss loss NN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 39 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 259 40 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 259 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 259 42 Oudit Oudit NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 259 43 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 259 44 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 259 45 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 259 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 259 47 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 260 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 260 2 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 260 3 others other NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 260 4 have have VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 260 5 shown show VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 260 6 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 260 7 estrogen estrogen NN cord-017585-0llgr357 260 8 depletion depletion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 260 9 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 260 10 associated associate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 260 11 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 260 12 altered altered JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 260 13 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 260 14 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 260 15 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 260 16 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 260 17 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 260 18 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 260 19 receptors receptor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 260 20 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 260 21 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 260 22 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 260 23 NOS NOS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 260 24 isoforms isoform NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 260 25 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 260 26 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 260 27 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 260 28 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 260 29 exacerbates exacerbate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 260 30 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 260 31 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 260 32 salt salt NN cord-017585-0llgr357 260 33 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 260 34 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 260 35 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 260 36 injury injury NN cord-017585-0llgr357 261 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 261 2 Bayorh Bayorh NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 5 2001 2001 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 261 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 261 7 Brosnihan Brosnihan NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 8 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 9 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 10 1997 1997 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 261 11 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 261 12 Chappell Chappell NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 13 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 14 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 15 2003 2003 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 261 16 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 261 17 Chappell Chappell NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 18 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 19 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 20 2006 2006 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 261 21 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 261 22 Harrison Harrison NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 23 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 261 24 Bernard Bernard NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 25 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 26 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 261 27 2003 2003 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 262 1 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 262 2 Roesch Roesch NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 262 3 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 262 4 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 262 5 2000 2000 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 262 6 ; ; : cord-017585-0llgr357 263 1 Yamaleyeva Yamaleyeva NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 263 2 et et NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 263 3 al al NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 263 4 2007 2007 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 263 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 263 6 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 264 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-017585-0llgr357 264 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 264 3 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 4 lieu lieu NN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 264 7 negative negative JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 264 8 outcomes outcome NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 264 9 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 10 estrogen estrogen NN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 11 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 264 12 combined combine VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 13 hormone hormone NN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 14 replacement replacement NN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 15 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 16 older old JJR cord-017585-0llgr357 264 17 women woman NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 264 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 264 19 HERS hers RB cord-017585-0llgr357 264 20 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 264 21 WHI WHI NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 264 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 264 23 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 264 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 264 25 influence influence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 26 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 27 aging age VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 264 28 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 29 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 264 30 response response NN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 31 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 32 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 264 33 intrarenal intrarenal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 264 34 RAAS RAAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 264 35 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 264 36 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 264 37 systems system NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 264 38 may may MD cord-017585-0llgr357 264 39 be be VB cord-017585-0llgr357 264 40 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 41 equal equal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 264 42 importance importance NN cord-017585-0llgr357 264 43 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 265 1 Clearly clearly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 265 2 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 265 3 understanding understand VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 265 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 265 5 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 265 6 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 265 7 interplay interplay NN cord-017585-0llgr357 265 8 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 265 9 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 265 10 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 265 11 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 265 12 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 265 13 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 265 14 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 265 15 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 265 16 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 265 17 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 265 18 as as RB cord-017585-0llgr357 265 19 well well RB cord-017585-0llgr357 265 20 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 265 21 other other JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 265 22 areas area NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 265 23 including include VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 265 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 265 25 heart heart NN cord-017585-0llgr357 265 26 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 265 27 brain brain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 265 28 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 265 29 vascular vascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 265 30 beds bed NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 265 31 are be VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 265 32 critical critical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 265 33 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 265 34 treating treat VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 265 35 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 265 36 burgeoning burgeon VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 265 37 problem problem NN cord-017585-0llgr357 265 38 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 265 39 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 265 40 disease disease NN cord-017585-0llgr357 265 41 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 266 1 -7 -7 LS cord-017585-0llgr357 266 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 266 3 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 4 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 266 6 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 266 7 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 266 8 tissues tissue NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 266 9 High high JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 266 10 plasma plasma NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 11 level level NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 13 N N NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 266 14 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 266 15 Acetyl Acetyl NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 266 16 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 266 17 Seryl Seryl NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 266 18 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 266 19 Aspartyl Aspartyl NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 266 20 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 266 21 Lysyl Lysyl NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 266 22 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 266 23 Proline Proline NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 266 24 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 266 25 A a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 266 26 new new JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 266 27 marker marker NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 28 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 29 chronic chronic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 266 30 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 31 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 266 32 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 266 33 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 34 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 35 Sexual sexual JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 266 36 dimorphism dimorphism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 37 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 38 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 39 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 40 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 266 41 Possible possible JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 266 42 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 43 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 44 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 266 45 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 46 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 266 47 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 48 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 49 Effects effect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 266 50 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 51 enalapril enalapril NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 266 52 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 266 53 tempol tempol NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 266 54 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 266 55 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 266 56 eplerenone eplerenone NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 57 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 58 salt salt NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 59 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 266 60 induced induce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 61 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 62 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 63 Dahl Dahl NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 266 64 salt salt NN cord-017585-0llgr357 266 65 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 266 66 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 266 67 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 267 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 267 2 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 4 gender gender NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 5 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 6 salt salt NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 7 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 267 8 induced induce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 9 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 10 Proteolytic Proteolytic NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 267 11 release release NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 13 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 267 14 angiotensinconverting angiotensinconverting NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 15 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 16 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 267 17 localization localization NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 18 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 267 20 cleavage cleavage NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 21 site site NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 22 Angiotensin-(1 Angiotensin-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 267 23 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 267 24 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 267 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 267 26 prevents prevent VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 267 27 development development NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 28 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 29 severe severe JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 267 30 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 31 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 267 32 end end NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 33 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 267 34 organ organ NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 35 damage damage NN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 36 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 37 spontaneously spontaneously RB cord-017585-0llgr357 267 38 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 267 39 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 267 40 treated treat VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 41 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 267 42 L L NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 267 43 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 267 44 NAME NAME NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 267 45 Angiotensin-(1 Angiotensin-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 267 46 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 267 47 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 267 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 267 49 prevents prevent VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 267 50 diabetesinduced diabetesinduced JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 267 51 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 267 52 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-017585-0llgr357 268 1 Angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 268 2 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 268 3 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 268 4 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 268 5 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 268 6 ramiprilat ramiprilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 268 7 interferes interfere VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 268 8 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 268 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 268 10 sequestration sequestration NN cord-017585-0llgr357 268 11 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 268 12 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 268 13 B2 b2 NN cord-017585-0llgr357 268 14 kinin kinin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 268 15 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 268 16 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 268 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 268 18 plasma plasma NN cord-017585-0llgr357 268 19 membrane membrane NN cord-017585-0llgr357 268 20 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 268 21 native native JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 268 22 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 268 23 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 269 1 Estrogen estrogen NN cord-017585-0llgr357 269 2 protects protect VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 269 3 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 269 4 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 269 5 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 269 6 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 269 7 shifting shift VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 269 8 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 269 9 vasoconstrictor vasoconstrictor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 269 10 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 269 11 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-017585-0llgr357 269 12 balance balance NN cord-017585-0llgr357 269 13 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 269 14 RAS RAS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 269 15 Bi Bi NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 269 16 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 269 17 directional directional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 269 18 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 269 19 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 269 20 estrogen estrogen NN cord-017585-0llgr357 269 21 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 269 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 269 23 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 269 24 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 269 25 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 269 26 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 269 27 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 270 1 Braz Braz NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 270 2 Enhanced Enhanced NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 270 3 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 270 4 immunocytochemical immunocytochemical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 270 5 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 6 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 7 ANG-(1 ANG-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 270 8 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 270 9 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 270 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 270 11 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 270 12 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 270 13 during during IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 14 pregnancy pregnancy NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 15 Elevated elevated JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 270 16 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 17 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 18 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 270 19 heart heart NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 20 rate rate NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 21 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 22 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 270 23 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 24 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 25 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 270 26 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 270 27 Angiotensin Angiotensin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 270 28 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 270 29 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 270 30 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 270 31 receptors receptor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 270 32 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 33 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 270 34 diabetic diabetic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 270 35 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 36 Effect effect NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 37 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 38 reduced reduce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 39 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 40 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 270 41 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 270 42 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 43 gene gene NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 44 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 45 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 270 46 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 47 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 270 48 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 270 49 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 50 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 51 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 52 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 53 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 270 54 bradykinin bradykinin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 55 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 56 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 270 57 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 58 mice mouse NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 270 59 Effects effect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 270 60 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 61 neutral neutral JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 270 62 endopeptidase endopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 63 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 64 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 270 65 combined combine VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 66 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 67 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 270 68 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 69 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 270 70 neutral neutral JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 270 71 endopeptidase endopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 72 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 73 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 74 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 75 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 270 76 bradykinin bradykinin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 77 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 270 78 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 79 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 270 80 Differential differential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 270 81 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 82 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 83 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 84 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 85 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 270 86 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 87 plasma plasma NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 88 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 270 89 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 90 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 91 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 270 92 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 93 Newly newly RB cord-017585-0llgr357 270 94 recognized recognize VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 270 95 components component NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 270 96 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 97 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 270 98 Renin Renin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 270 99 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 270 100 Angiotensin Angiotensin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 270 101 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 102 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 270 103 potential potential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 270 104 roles role NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 270 105 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 270 106 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 270 107 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 270 108 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 270 109 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 271 1 Prolyl Prolyl NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 271 2 oligopeptidase oligopeptidase NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 271 3 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 271 4 involved involve VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 271 5 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 271 6 release release NN cord-017585-0llgr357 271 7 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 271 8 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 271 9 antifibrotic antifibrotic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 271 10 peptide peptide NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 272 1 Ac Ac NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 272 2 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 272 3 SDKP SDKP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 272 4 Angiotensin-(1 Angiotensin-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 272 5 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 272 6 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 272 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 272 8 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 272 9 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 272 10 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 272 11 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 12 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 13 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 272 14 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 15 brain brain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 16 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 272 17 evidence evidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 18 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 19 differential differential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 272 20 processing processing NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 21 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 22 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 23 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 272 24 Processing Processing NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 272 25 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 26 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 27 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 272 28 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 29 NG108 ng108 NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 30 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 272 31 15 15 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 272 32 neuroblastoma neuroblastoma NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 33 X x NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 34 glioma glioma NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 35 hybrid hybrid JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 272 36 cell cell NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 37 line line NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 38 Metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 39 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 40 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 272 41 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 272 42 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 272 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 272 44 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 45 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 46 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 272 47 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 48 Angiotensin-(1 Angiotensin-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 272 49 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 272 50 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 272 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 272 52 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 53 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 54 Release Release NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 272 55 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 56 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 272 57 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 272 58 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 272 59 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 272 60 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 61 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 272 62 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 63 hindlimb hindlimb NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 64 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 272 65 influence influence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 66 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 67 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 68 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 272 69 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 272 70 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 71 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 72 Pathways pathway NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 272 73 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 74 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 272 75 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 272 76 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 272 77 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 272 78 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 79 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 80 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 272 81 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 82 Omapatrilat Omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 272 83 treatment treatment NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 84 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 272 85 associated associate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 86 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 87 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 88 ACE-2 ACE-2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 272 89 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 272 90 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 NN cord-017585-0llgr357 272 91 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 272 92 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 272 93 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 272 94 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 1 spontaneously spontaneously RB cord-017585-0llgr357 273 2 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 3 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 273 4 Estrogen Estrogen NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 5 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 273 6 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 273 7 AT1 AT1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 8 antagonist antagonist NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 9 olmesartan olmesartan NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 10 reverses reverse VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 11 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 273 12 development development NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 13 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 14 profound profound JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 15 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 16 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 17 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 273 18 congenic congenic NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 19 mRen2.Lewis mren2.lewis CD cord-017585-0llgr357 273 20 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 21 Novel novel JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 22 aspects aspect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 273 23 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 24 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 273 25 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 26 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 27 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 273 28 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 29 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 30 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 273 31 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 273 32 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 273 33 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 273 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 273 35 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 273 36 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 37 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 273 38 blood blood NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 39 pressure pressure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 40 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 41 Estrogen estrogen NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 42 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 273 43 salt salt NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 44 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 45 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 46 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 273 47 female female JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 48 mRen(2).Lewis mRen(2).Lewis NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 49 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 50 Hydrolysis hydrolysis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 51 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 52 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 53 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 273 54 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 55 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 56 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 57 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 58 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 273 59 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 273 60 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 61 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 273 62 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 273 63 resensitization resensitization NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 64 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 65 B B NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 66 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 273 67 kinin kinin NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 273 68 receptors receptor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 273 69 Angiotensin-(1 Angiotensin-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 70 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 273 71 7 7 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 72 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 273 73 downregulates downregulate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 74 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 273 75 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 76 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 77 type type NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 78 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 273 79 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 80 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 81 vascular vascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 82 smooth smooth JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 83 muscle muscle NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 84 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 273 85 Angiotensin-(1 Angiotensin-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 86 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 273 87 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 273 88 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 273 89 reduces reduce VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 90 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 91 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 92 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 93 receptors receptor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 273 94 through through IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 95 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 273 96 cylocoxygenase cylocoxygenase JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 97 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 98 pathway pathway NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 99 Angiotensin Angiotensin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 100 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 273 101 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 273 102 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 103 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 273 104 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 105 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 273 106 essential essential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 107 regulator regulator NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 108 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 109 heart heart NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 110 function function NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 111 N n CD cord-017585-0llgr357 273 112 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 273 113 domain domain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 114 specific specific JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 115 substrate substrate NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 116 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 273 117 C c NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 118 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 273 119 domain domain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 120 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 273 121 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 122 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 123 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 273 124 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 125 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 126 gene gene NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 127 transfer transfer NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 128 attenuates attenuate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 129 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 130 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 273 131 linked link VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 132 pathophysiological pathophysiological JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 133 changes change NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 273 134 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 135 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 273 136 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 137 RXP RXP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 138 407 407 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 273 139 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 273 140 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 273 141 phosphinic phosphinic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 142 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 143 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 273 144 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 145 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 273 146 potent potent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 147 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 148 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 149 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 150 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 273 151 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 273 152 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 153 able able JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 154 to to TO cord-017585-0llgr357 273 155 differentiate differentiate VB cord-017585-0llgr357 273 156 between between IN cord-017585-0llgr357 273 157 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 158 two two CD cord-017585-0llgr357 273 159 active active JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 273 160 sites site NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 274 1 A a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 274 2 novel novel JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 3 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 4 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 274 5 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 274 6 enzymerelated enzymerelated JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 7 carboxypeptidase carboxypeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 274 9 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 274 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 274 11 converts convert VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 12 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 13 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 274 14 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 15 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 16 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 17 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 274 18 9 9 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 19 New New NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 274 20 mass mass JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 21 spectrometric spectrometric JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 22 assay assay NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 23 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 24 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 25 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 274 26 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 274 27 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 28 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 29 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 30 Potentiation Potentiation NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 274 31 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 32 bradykinin bradykinin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 33 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 34 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 35 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 274 36 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 274 38 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 39 arterioles arteriole NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 274 40 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 41 spontaneously spontaneously RB cord-017585-0llgr357 274 42 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 43 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 274 44 studied study VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 45 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 46 vivo vivo NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 47 Characterization characterization NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 48 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 49 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 50 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 274 51 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 274 53 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 54 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 274 55 urine urine NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 56 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 57 normal normal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 58 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 274 59 essential essential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 60 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 61 subjects subject NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 274 62 Effects effect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 274 63 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 64 omapatrilat omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 274 65 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 66 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 274 67 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 68 angiotensin angiotensin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 274 69 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 70 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 71 salt salt NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 72 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 73 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 74 Vasopeptidase Vasopeptidase NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 274 75 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 76 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 274 77 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 78 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 274 79 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 80 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 274 81 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 82 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 274 83 spontaneously spontaneously RB cord-017585-0llgr357 274 84 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 85 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 86 Effect effect NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 87 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 88 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 89 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 274 90 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 91 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 92 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 274 93 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 94 II ii CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 95 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 96 blockers blocker NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 274 97 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 98 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 99 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 100 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 274 101 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 102 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 103 -7 -7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 104 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 274 105 forming form VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 274 106 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 274 107 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 274 108 receptors receptor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 274 109 Advances advance NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 274 110 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 111 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 112 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 274 113 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 114 roles role NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 274 115 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 116 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 117 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 274 118 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 119 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 120 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 274 121 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 122 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 274 123 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 274 124 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 274 125 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 126 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 274 127 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 128 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 274 129 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 274 130 function function NN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 1 Distinct distinct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 275 2 roles role NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 275 3 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 4 Ang Ang NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 275 5 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 275 6 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 275 7 ANG-(1 ANG-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 275 8 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 275 9 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 275 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 275 11 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 12 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 275 13 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 14 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 15 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 16 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 275 17 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 275 18 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 19 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 275 20 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 21 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 22 astrocytes astrocyte NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 275 23 Roles role NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 275 24 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 25 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 275 26 two two CD cord-017585-0llgr357 275 27 active active JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 275 28 sites site NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 275 29 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 30 somatic somatic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 275 31 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 32 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 275 33 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 275 34 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 35 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 36 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 275 37 cleavage cleavage NN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 38 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 39 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 40 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 275 41 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 275 42 bradykinin bradykinin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 275 43 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 276 1 insights insight NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 276 2 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 276 3 selective selective JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 276 4 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 277 1 Membrane membrane NN cord-017585-0llgr357 277 2 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 277 3 associated associate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 277 4 zinc zinc NN cord-017585-0llgr357 277 5 peptidase peptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 277 6 families family NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 277 7 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 278 1 comparing compare VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 278 2 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 278 3 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 278 4 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 279 1 Quantitative quantitative JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 279 2 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 279 3 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 279 4 profiling profiling NN cord-017585-0llgr357 279 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 279 6 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 279 7 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 279 8 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 279 9 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 279 10 novel novel JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 279 11 homologue homologue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 279 12 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 279 13 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 279 14 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 279 15 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 279 16 Potential potential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 279 17 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 279 18 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 279 19 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 279 20 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 279 21 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 279 22 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 279 23 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 279 24 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 279 25 Intrarenal Intrarenal NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 280 1 AT at IN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 2 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 280 3 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 4 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 280 5 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 6 binding bind VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 280 7 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 8 ANG ANG NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 280 9 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 280 10 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 280 11 induced induce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 12 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 280 13 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 280 14 Postovariectomy Postovariectomy NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 280 15 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 16 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 280 17 linked link VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 18 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 19 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 20 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 280 21 AT1 at1 NN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 22 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 23 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 280 24 salt salt NN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 25 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 26 Angiotensin Angiotensin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 280 27 I I NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 280 28 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 280 29 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 280 30 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 31 isoforms isoform NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 280 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 280 33 high high JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 280 34 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 280 35 low low JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 280 36 molecular molecular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 280 37 weight weight NN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 280 39 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 40 urine urine NN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 41 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 42 premature premature JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 280 43 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 280 44 full full JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 280 45 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 280 46 term term NN cord-017585-0llgr357 280 47 infants infant NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 281 1 Renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 281 2 increases increase VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 281 3 mesangial mesangial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 281 4 cell cell NN cord-017585-0llgr357 281 5 transforming transform VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 281 6 growth growth NN cord-017585-0llgr357 281 7 factor factor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 281 8 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 281 9 B1 b1 NN cord-017585-0llgr357 281 10 matrix matrix NN cord-017585-0llgr357 281 11 proteins protein NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 281 12 through through IN cord-017585-0llgr357 281 13 receptormediated receptormediate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 281 14 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 281 15 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 281 16 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 281 17 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 281 18 independent independent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 281 19 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 282 1 Angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 282 2 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 282 3 AT1 AT1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 282 4 receptors receptor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 282 5 regulate regulate VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 282 6 ace2 ace2 NN cord-017585-0llgr357 282 7 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 282 8 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 282 9 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 282 10 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 282 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 282 12 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 282 13 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 282 14 aorta aorta NN cord-017585-0llgr357 282 15 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 282 16 spontaneously spontaneously RB cord-017585-0llgr357 282 17 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 282 18 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 283 1 Contribution Contribution NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 283 2 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 3 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 4 II ii CD cord-017585-0llgr357 283 5 internalization internalization NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 6 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 7 intrarenal intrarenal NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 283 8 angiotensin angiotensin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 283 9 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 283 10 levels level NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 283 11 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 12 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 283 13 Angiotensin-(1 Angiotensin-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 283 14 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 283 15 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 283 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 283 17 contributes contribute VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 283 18 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 19 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 283 20 antihypertensive antihypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 283 21 effects effect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 283 22 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 23 blockade blockade NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 24 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 25 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 283 26 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 27 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 283 28 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 29 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 30 Evidence evidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 31 that that IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 32 prostaglandins prostaglandin NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 283 33 mediate mediate VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 283 34 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 283 35 antihypertensive antihypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 283 36 actions action NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 283 37 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 38 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 283 39 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 283 40 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 283 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 283 42 during during IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 43 chronic chronic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 283 44 blockade blockade NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 45 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 46 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 283 47 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 48 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 283 49 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 50 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 51 Effect Effect NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 283 52 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 53 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 54 II ii CD cord-017585-0llgr357 283 55 blockade blockade NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 56 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 57 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 283 58 new new JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 283 59 congenic congenic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 283 60 model model NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 61 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 62 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 63 derived derive VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 64 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 65 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 283 66 Ren-2 Ren-2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 283 67 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 283 68 Mineralocorticoid Mineralocorticoid NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 283 69 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 70 blocker blocker NN cord-017585-0llgr357 283 71 increases increase VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 284 1 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 284 2 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 284 3 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 284 4 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 284 5 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 284 6 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 284 7 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 284 8 congestive congestive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 284 9 heart heart NN cord-017585-0llgr357 284 10 failure failure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 284 11 patients patient NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 284 12 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 284 13 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 284 14 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 284 15 increased increase VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 284 16 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 284 17 monocytederived monocytederived JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 284 18 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 284 19 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 284 20 prehypertensive prehypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 284 21 subjects subject NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 285 1 Aldosterone Aldosterone NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 285 2 enhances enhance VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 285 3 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 285 4 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 285 5 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 285 6 juxtaglomerular juxtaglomerular NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 285 7 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 285 8 Expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 285 9 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 285 10 angiotensinogen angiotensinogen NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 285 11 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 285 12 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 285 13 protein protein NN cord-017585-0llgr357 285 14 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 286 1 angiotensin angiotensin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 286 2 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 286 3 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 286 4 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 286 5 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 286 6 CK2 CK2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 286 7 phosphorylates phosphorylate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 286 8 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 286 9 angiotensinconverting angiotensinconverting NN cord-017585-0llgr357 286 10 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 286 11 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 286 12 regulates regulate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 286 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 286 14 retention retention NN cord-017585-0llgr357 286 15 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 286 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 286 17 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 286 18 cell cell NN cord-017585-0llgr357 286 19 plasma plasma NN cord-017585-0llgr357 286 20 membrane membrane NN cord-017585-0llgr357 286 21 Omapatrilat Omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 286 22 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 286 23 Enalapril Enalapril NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 286 24 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 286 25 Patients Patients NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 286 26 With with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 286 27 Hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 286 28 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 287 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 287 2 Omapatrilat Omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 287 3 Cardiovascular Cardiovascular NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 287 4 Treatment Treatment NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 287 5 vs. vs. FW cord-017585-0llgr357 287 6 Enalapril Enalapril NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 287 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 287 8 OCTAVE octave NN cord-017585-0llgr357 287 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 288 1 Trial trial NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 2 Differential differential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 288 3 tissue tissue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 4 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 288 5 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 6 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 288 7 effects effect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 288 8 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 288 10 vasopeptidase vasopeptidase NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 288 11 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 12 omapatrilat omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 288 13 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 288 15 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 16 Tumor Tumor NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 288 17 necrosis necrosis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 18 factor factor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 19 - - : cord-017585-0llgr357 288 20 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 288 21 convertase convertase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 288 23 ADAM17 adam17 NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 288 25 mediates mediate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 288 26 regulated regulate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 27 ectodomain ectodomain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 28 shedding shedding NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 29 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 30 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 288 31 severe severe JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 288 32 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 288 33 acute acute JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 288 34 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 288 35 syndrome syndrome NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 36 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 288 37 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 288 39 SARS SARS NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 288 40 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 288 41 Co Co NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 288 42 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 288 43 V v NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 288 45 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 46 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 288 47 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 288 48 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 288 49 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 288 50 enzyme-2 enzyme-2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 289 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 289 2 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 289 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 290 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 290 2 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 4 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 5 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 290 6 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 7 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 290 8 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 9 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 290 10 generation generation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 11 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 12 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 13 1 1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 290 14 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 290 15 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 290 16 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 17 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 18 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 290 19 tubules tubule NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 290 20 Functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 290 21 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 22 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 23 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 290 24 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 25 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 290 26 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 27 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 28 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 29 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 290 30 podocytes podocyte NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 290 31 Identification identification NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 32 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 290 33 characterization characterization NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 34 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 35 neutral neutral JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 290 36 endopeptidase endopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 37 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 38 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 290 39 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 290 40 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 41 venous venous JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 290 42 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 290 43 arterial arterial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 290 44 origins origin NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 290 45 N n CD cord-017585-0llgr357 290 46 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 290 47 domain domain NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 48 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 49 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 290 50 I i NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 51 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 290 52 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 290 53 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 54 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 55 80 80 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 290 56 kDa kDa NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 290 57 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 58 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 290 59 possible possible JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 290 60 genetic genetic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 290 61 marker marker NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 62 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 63 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 64 Depletion depletion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 65 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 66 tissue tissue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 67 ace ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 68 differentially differentially RB cord-017585-0llgr357 290 69 influences influence VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 290 70 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 290 71 intrarenal intrarenal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 290 72 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 290 73 urinary urinary JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 290 74 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 75 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 76 angiotensins angiotensin NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 290 77 Isolation isolation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 78 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 290 79 identification identification NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 80 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 81 proangiotensin-12 proangiotensin-12 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 290 82 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 290 83 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 290 84 possible possible JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 290 85 component component NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 86 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 87 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 290 88 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 89 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 290 90 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 91 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 92 Regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 93 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 94 intrarenal intrarenal NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 290 95 angiotensin angiotensin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 290 96 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 290 97 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 290 98 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 1 Pivotal pivotal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 291 2 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 4 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 291 5 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 6 / / SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 291 7 prorenin prorenin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 8 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 9 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 10 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 11 II ii CD cord-017585-0llgr357 291 12 production production NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 13 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 291 14 cellular cellular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 291 15 responses response NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 291 16 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 17 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 18 N N NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 291 19 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 291 20 Acetyl Acetyl NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 291 21 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 291 22 Seryl Seryl NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 291 23 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 291 24 Aspartyl Aspartyl NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 291 25 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 291 26 Lysyl Lysyl NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 291 27 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 291 28 Proline Proline NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 291 29 ameliorates ameliorate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 291 30 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 291 31 progression progression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 32 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 33 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 291 34 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 35 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 291 36 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 37 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 291 38 WKY WKY NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 291 39 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 291 40 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 41 established establish VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 42 anti anti JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 291 43 - - JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 291 44 glomerular glomerular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 291 45 basement basement NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 46 membrane membrane NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 47 nephritis nephritis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 48 Loss loss NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 49 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 50 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 51 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 291 52 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 291 53 enzyme-2 enzyme-2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 291 54 leads lead VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 291 55 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 56 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 291 57 late late JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 291 58 development development NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 59 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 60 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 61 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 291 62 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 291 63 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 291 64 glomerulosclerosis glomerulosclerosis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 65 Comparison comparison NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 66 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 67 omapatrilat omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 291 68 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 291 69 enalapril enalapril NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 70 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 71 patients patient NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 291 72 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 73 chronic chronic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 291 74 heart heart NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 75 failure failure NN cord-017585-0llgr357 291 76 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 292 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 292 2 omapatrilat omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 292 3 versus versus IN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 4 enalapril enalapril NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 292 5 randomized randomize VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 292 6 trial trial NN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 7 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 8 utility utility NN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 9 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 10 reducing reduce VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 292 11 events event NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 292 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 292 13 OVERTURE overture NN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 292 15 Physiology physiology NN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 16 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 17 local local JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 292 18 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 19 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 292 20 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 21 systems system NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 292 22 Differential differential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 292 23 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 24 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 25 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 292 26 AT1 at1 NN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 27 receptors receptor NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 292 28 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 292 29 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 30 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 292 31 within within IN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 32 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 292 33 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 34 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 292 35 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 292 36 male male JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 292 37 congenic congenic NN cord-017585-0llgr357 293 1 mRen2.Lewis mren2.lewis IN cord-017585-0llgr357 293 2 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 293 3 Ac Ac NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 293 4 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 293 5 SDKP SDKP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 293 6 reverses reverse VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 293 7 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 293 8 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 293 9 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 293 10 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 293 11 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 293 12 renovascular renovascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 293 13 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 293 14 Enhancement Enhancement NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 293 15 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 293 16 collecting collect VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 293 17 duct duct NN cord-017585-0llgr357 293 18 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 293 19 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 293 20 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 293 21 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 293 22 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 293 23 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 293 24 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 293 25 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 294 1 The the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 294 2 hemoregulatory hemoregulatory NN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 3 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 4 N N NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 294 5 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 294 6 acetyl acetyl NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 294 7 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 294 8 Ser Ser NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 294 9 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 294 10 Asp Asp NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 294 11 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 294 12 Lys Lys NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 294 13 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 294 14 Pro Pro NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 294 15 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 294 16 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 294 17 natural natural JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 294 18 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 294 19 specific specific JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 294 20 substrate substrate NN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 21 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 294 23 N n CD cord-017585-0llgr357 294 24 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 294 25 terminal terminal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 294 26 active active JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 294 27 site site NN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 28 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 29 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 294 30 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 31 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 294 32 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 294 33 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 34 Gender gender NN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 35 differences difference NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 294 36 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 37 development development NN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 38 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 39 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 40 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 41 spontaneously spontaneously RB cord-017585-0llgr357 294 42 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 294 43 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 294 44 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 294 45 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 46 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 47 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 294 48 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 49 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 294 50 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 294 51 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 1 Circulating circulate VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 295 2 activities activity NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 295 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 4 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 5 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 295 6 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 295 7 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 8 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 295 9 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 295 10 homolog homolog NN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 11 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 295 12 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 13 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 295 14 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 295 15 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 16 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 295 17 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 295 18 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 295 19 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 295 20 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 21 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 295 22 family family NN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 23 study study NN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 24 Evaluation Evaluation NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 295 25 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 26 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 27 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 295 28 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 295 29 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 295 31 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 295 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 295 33 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 295 34 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-017585-0llgr357 295 35 homologue homologue NN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 36 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 295 37 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 295 38 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 295 39 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 40 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 41 peptide peptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 295 42 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 296 1 Estradiol Estradiol NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 296 2 attenuates attenuate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 296 3 angiotensininduced angiotensininduced JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 296 4 aldosterone aldosterone NN cord-017585-0llgr357 296 5 secretion secretion NN cord-017585-0llgr357 296 6 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 296 7 ovariectomized ovariectomize VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 296 8 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 297 1 Angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 297 2 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 297 3 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 297 4 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 297 5 independent independent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 297 6 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 297 7 II ii CD cord-017585-0llgr357 297 8 production production NN cord-017585-0llgr357 297 9 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 297 10 chymase chymase NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 297 11 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 297 12 up up RB cord-017585-0llgr357 297 13 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 297 14 regulated regulate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 297 15 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 297 16 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 297 17 ischemic ischemic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 297 18 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 297 19 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 297 20 renovascular renovascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 297 21 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 298 1 Angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 298 2 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 298 3 exerts exert VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 298 4 positive positive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 298 5 feedback feedback NN cord-017585-0llgr357 298 6 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 298 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 298 8 intrarenal intrarenal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 298 9 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 298 10 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 298 11 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 298 12 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 298 13 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 298 14 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 298 15 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 298 16 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 298 17 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 298 18 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 298 19 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 298 20 mechanism mechanism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 298 21 Angiotensin-(1 Angiotensin-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 298 22 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 298 23 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 298 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 298 25 through through IN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 1 receptor receptor NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 299 2 mas mas NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 299 3 mediates mediate VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 299 4 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 299 5 nitric nitric NN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 6 oxide oxide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 7 synthase synthase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 8 activation activation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 9 via via IN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 10 Akt Akt NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 299 11 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 299 12 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 299 13 pathways pathway NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 299 14 Angiotensin-(1 Angiotensin-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 299 15 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 299 16 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 299 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 299 18 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 299 19 an an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 299 20 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 299 21 ligand ligand NN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 22 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 23 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 299 24 G G NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 299 25 protein protein NN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 26 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 299 27 coupled couple VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 28 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 29 Mas Mas NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 299 30 Production Production NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 299 31 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 32 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 299 33 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 299 34 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 299 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 299 36 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 37 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 299 38 vascular vascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 299 39 endothelium endothelium NN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 40 Role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 41 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 42 endothelin-1 endothelin-1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 299 43 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 44 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 45 Effects effect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 299 46 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 47 aldosterone aldosterone NN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 48 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 299 49 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 299 50 vasculature vasculature NN cord-017585-0llgr357 300 1 Renal Renal NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 300 2 kallikrein kallikrein NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 300 3 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 300 4 kinin kinin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 300 5 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 300 6 Angiotensin Angiotensin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 300 7 Metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 300 8 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 300 9 Renal Renal NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 300 10 Proximal Proximal NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 300 11 Tubules Tubules NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 300 12 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 300 13 Urine urine NN cord-017585-0llgr357 300 14 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 300 15 Serum serum NN cord-017585-0llgr357 300 16 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 300 17 Sheep Sheep NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 300 18 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 300 19 Evidence evidence NN cord-017585-0llgr357 300 20 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 300 21 ACE2-Dependent ACE2-Dependent NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 300 22 Processing processing NN cord-017585-0llgr357 300 23 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 1 Angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 2 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 301 3 A a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 301 4 novel novel NN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 5 mechanism mechanism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 6 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 7 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 8 II ii CD cord-017585-0llgr357 301 9 formation formation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 10 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 11 streptozoticindiabetic streptozoticindiabetic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 301 12 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 13 glomeruli glomeruli NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 301 14 Angiotensin Angiotensin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 301 15 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 301 16 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 301 18 ACE ACE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 301 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 301 20 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 301 21 neprilysin neprilysin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 301 22 hydrolyze hydrolyze VBP cord-017585-0llgr357 301 23 neuropeptides neuropeptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 301 24 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 301 25 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 301 26 brief brief JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 301 27 history history NN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 28 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 301 29 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 301 30 beginning beginning NN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 31 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 301 32 follow follow NN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 33 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 301 34 ups up NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 301 35 to to IN cord-017585-0llgr357 301 36 early early JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 301 37 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 302 1 Angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 302 2 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 302 3 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 302 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 302 5 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 302 6 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 302 7 II ii NN cord-017585-0llgr357 302 8 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 302 9 stimulated stimulate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 302 10 phosphorylation phosphorylation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 302 11 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 302 12 MAP MAP NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 302 13 kinases kinase NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 302 14 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 302 15 proximal proximal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 302 16 tubular tubular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 302 17 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 302 18 Mechanism Mechanism NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 302 19 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 302 20 vasopeptidase vasopeptidase NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 302 21 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 302 22 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 302 23 induced induce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 302 24 plasma plasma NN cord-017585-0llgr357 302 25 extravasation extravasation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 302 26 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 303 1 Comparison comparison NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 2 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 3 omapatrilat omapatrilat NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 303 4 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 303 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 303 6 novel novel JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 303 7 neutral neutral JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 303 8 endopeptidase endopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 9 24.11 24.11 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 303 10 / / SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 303 11 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 12 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 303 13 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 303 14 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 15 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 16 GW796406 gw796406 CC cord-017585-0llgr357 303 17 NF NF NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 303 18 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 303 19 kappaB kappaB NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 303 20 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 303 21 dependent dependent JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 303 22 increase increase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 23 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 24 intrarenal intrarenal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 303 25 angiotensin angiotensin NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 303 26 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 303 27 induced induce VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 28 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 29 proteinuria proteinuria NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 30 Angiotensin-(1 Angiotensin-(1 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 303 31 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 303 32 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 303 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 303 34 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 303 35 growth growth NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 36 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 37 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 303 38 myocytes myocyte NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 303 39 through through IN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 40 activation activation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 41 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 42 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 303 43 mas mas NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 303 44 receptor receptor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 45 Differential Differential NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 303 46 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 47 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 48 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 303 49 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 50 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 303 51 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 52 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 303 53 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 303 54 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 303 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 303 56 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 303 57 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 58 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 59 aldosterone aldosterone NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 60 Characterization characterization NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 61 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 62 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 303 63 Angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 64 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 303 65 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 303 66 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 67 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 303 68 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 69 diabetic diabetic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 303 70 nephropathy nephropathy NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 71 Developmental developmental JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 303 72 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 73 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 74 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 303 75 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 76 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 303 77 SHR SHR NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 303 78 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 79 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 303 80 A a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 303 81 role role NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 82 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 83 hypertension hypertension NN cord-017585-0llgr357 303 84 ? ? . cord-017585-0llgr357 304 1 Combined combined JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 304 2 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 304 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 304 4 neutral neutral JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 304 5 endopeptidase endopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 304 6 with with IN cord-017585-0llgr357 304 7 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 304 8 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 304 9 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 304 10 or or CC cord-017585-0llgr357 304 11 endothelin endothelin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 304 12 converting converting NN cord-017585-0llgr357 304 13 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 304 14 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 304 15 experimental experimental JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 304 16 diabetes diabete NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 305 1 A a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 305 2 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 305 3 homolog homolog NN cord-017585-0llgr357 305 4 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 305 5 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 305 6 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 305 7 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 305 8 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 305 9 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 306 1 Cloning clone VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 306 2 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 306 3 functional functional JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 4 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 5 as as IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 6 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 306 7 captopril captopril NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 8 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 306 9 insensitive insensitive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 10 carboxypeptidase carboxypeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 11 Differential differential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 12 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 13 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 14 elevated elevated JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 15 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 16 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 17 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 306 18 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 19 chronic chronic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 20 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 21 ischemia ischemia NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 22 Neutral neutral JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 23 endopeptidase endopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 24 inhibition inhibition NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 25 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 306 26 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 306 27 potential potential NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 28 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 29 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 306 30 new new JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 31 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 32 approach approach NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 33 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 34 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 35 disease disease NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 36 evolves evolve VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 37 Hydrolysis hydrolysis NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 38 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 39 biological biological JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 40 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 306 41 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 42 human human JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 43 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 44 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 306 45 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 306 46 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 47 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 306 48 related relate VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 49 carboxypeptidase carboxypeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 50 A a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 306 51 comparison comparison NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 52 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 53 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 306 54 properties property NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 306 55 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 306 56 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 306 57 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 58 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 59 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 60 three three CD cord-017585-0llgr357 306 61 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 62 processing processing NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 63 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 306 64 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 306 65 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 66 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 306 67 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 68 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 306 69 prolyl prolyl JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 70 endopeptidase endopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 71 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 306 72 neutral neutral JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 73 endopeptidase endopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 74 24.11 24.11 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 306 75 Distinct distinct JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 76 gender gender NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 77 differences difference NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 306 78 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 79 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 306 80 ACE2-dependent ACE2-dependent NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 306 81 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 82 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 83 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 84 II II NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 306 85 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 86 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 306 87 serum serum NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 88 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 89 sheep sheep NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 306 90 AVE AVE NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 306 91 0991 0991 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 306 92 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 306 93 a a DT cord-017585-0llgr357 306 94 nonpeptide nonpeptide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 95 mimic mimic NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 96 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 97 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 306 98 effects effect NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 306 99 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 100 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 306 101 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 306 102 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 306 103 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 306 104 on on IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 105 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 306 106 endothelium endothelium NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 107 ACE ace NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 108 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 306 109 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 306 110 activity activity NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 111 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 112 diabetic diabetic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 113 mice mouse NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 306 114 Converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 306 115 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 116 determines determine VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 306 117 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 306 118 plasma plasma NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 119 clearance clearance NN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 120 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 306 121 angiotensin-(1 angiotensin-(1 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 306 122 - - SYM cord-017585-0llgr357 306 123 7 7 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 306 124 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 307 1 Differential differential JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 307 2 response response NN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 3 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 4 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 5 peptides peptide NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 307 6 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 7 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 307 8 urine urine NN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 9 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 10 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 307 11 animals animal NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 307 12 Discoordinate discoordinate JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 307 13 regulation regulation NN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 14 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 15 renal renal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 307 16 nitric nitric NN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 17 oxide oxide NN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 18 synthase synthase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 19 isoforms isoform NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 307 20 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 21 ovariectomized ovariectomize VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 22 mREN2.Lewis mren2.lewis $ cord-017585-0llgr357 307 23 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 307 24 In in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 25 vivo vivo NN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 26 metabolism metabolism NN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 27 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 307 28 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 308 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-017585-0llgr357 308 2 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 308 3 neutral neutral JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 308 4 endopeptidase endopeptidase NN cord-017585-0llgr357 308 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 308 6 EC EC NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 308 7 3.4.24.11 3.4.24.11 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 308 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 308 9 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 308 10 spontaneously spontaneously RB cord-017585-0llgr357 308 11 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 308 12 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 309 1 Glomerular glomerular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 309 2 localization localization NN cord-017585-0llgr357 309 3 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 309 4 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 309 5 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 309 6 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 309 7 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 309 8 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 309 9 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 309 10 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 309 11 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 309 12 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 309 13 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 309 14 converting convert VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 309 15 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 309 16 : : : cord-017585-0llgr357 310 1 Implications implication NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 310 2 for for IN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 3 albuminemia albuminemia NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 4 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 5 diabetes diabetes NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 6 Essential Essential NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 310 7 role(s role(s NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 310 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 310 9 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 310 11 intrarenal intrarenal JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 310 12 renin renin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 13 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 310 14 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 15 system system NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 16 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 17 transforming transform VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 310 18 growth growth NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 19 factor factor NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 20 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 310 21 beta1 beta1 NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 22 gene gene NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 23 expression expression NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 24 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 310 25 induction induction NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 26 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 27 hypertrophy hypertrophy NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 28 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 29 rat rat NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 30 kidney kidney NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 31 proximal proximal VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 310 32 tubular tubular JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 310 33 cells cell NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 310 34 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 35 high high JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 310 36 glucose glucose NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 37 Upregulation Upregulation NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 310 38 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 39 angiotensinconverting angiotensinconverte VBG cord-017585-0llgr357 310 40 enzyme enzyme NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 41 2 2 CD cord-017585-0llgr357 310 42 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 43 all all RB cord-017585-0llgr357 310 44 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 310 45 trans trans NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 310 46 retinoic retinoic JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 310 47 acid acid NN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 48 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 310 49 spontaneously spontaneously RB cord-017585-0llgr357 310 50 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 310 51 rats rat NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 311 1 These these DT cord-017585-0llgr357 311 2 studies study NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 311 3 were be VBD cord-017585-0llgr357 311 4 supported support VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 311 5 in in IN cord-017585-0llgr357 311 6 part part NN cord-017585-0llgr357 311 7 by by IN cord-017585-0llgr357 311 8 grants grant NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 311 9 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 311 10 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 311 11 National National NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 311 12 Institute Institute NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 311 13 of of IN cord-017585-0llgr357 311 14 Health Health NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 311 15 grants grant NNS cord-017585-0llgr357 311 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 311 17 HL-56973 hl-56973 RB cord-017585-0llgr357 311 18 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 311 19 HL-51952 HL-51952 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 311 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 311 21 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 311 22 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 311 23 American American NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 311 24 Heart Heart NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 311 25 Association Association NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 311 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 311 27 AHA-151521 AHA-151521 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 311 28 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 311 29 AHA-355741 AHA-355741 NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 311 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 311 31 . . . cord-017585-0llgr357 312 1 An an DT cord-017585-0llgr357 312 2 unrestricted unrestricted JJ cord-017585-0llgr357 312 3 grant grant NN cord-017585-0llgr357 312 4 from from IN cord-017585-0llgr357 312 5 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 312 6 Unifi Unifi NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 312 7 Corporation Corporation NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 312 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 312 9 Greensboro Greensboro NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 312 10 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 312 11 NC NC NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 312 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 312 13 and and CC cord-017585-0llgr357 312 14 the the DT cord-017585-0llgr357 312 15 Farley Farley NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 312 16 - - HYPH cord-017585-0llgr357 312 17 Hudson Hudson NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 312 18 Foundation Foundation NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 312 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 312 20 Jacksonville Jacksonville NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 312 21 , , , cord-017585-0llgr357 312 22 NC NC NNP cord-017585-0llgr357 312 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-017585-0llgr357 312 24 is be VBZ cord-017585-0llgr357 312 25 also also RB cord-017585-0llgr357 312 26 acknowledged acknowledge VBN cord-017585-0llgr357 312 27 . . .