Alf Ross - Wikipedia Alf Ross From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search For other people named Alfred Ross, see Alfred Ross (disambiguation). This article includes a list of general references, but it remains largely unverified because it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (August 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Alf Ross Born Alf Niels Christian Ross (1899-06-10)June 10, 1899 Copenhagen, Denmark Died August 17, 1979(1979-08-17) (aged 80) Virum, Denmark Nationality Danish Citizenship Danish Alma mater University of Copenhagen, Uppsala University Known for Ross's paradox Scientific career Fields Law, philosophy of law, sociology of law Institutions University of Copenhagen (1929–1969) Thesis Theorie der Rechtsquellen: ein Beitrag zur Theorie des positiven Rechts auf Grundlage dogmenhistorischer Untersuchungen (1929) Doctoral advisor Axel Hägerström Influences Hans Kelsen Axel Hägerström Influenced Zygmunt Ziembiński[1] Alf Niels Christian Ross (10 June 1899 – 17 August 1979) was a Danish jurist, legal philosopher and judge of the European Court of Human Rights (1959–1971).[2] He is best known as one of the leading figures of Scandinavian legal realism. His debate in 1959 with the prominent British legal philosopher H. L. A. Hart – which began in the Cambridge Law Journal (Vol. 17) – was important in framing the modern conflict between legal positivism and legal realism.[3][4] Contents 1 Biography 1.1 Education and academic career 1.2 On Law and Justice 2 Works 3 References 4 Bibliography Biography[edit] Education and academic career[edit] Ross was born in Copenhagen as a son of civil servant Frederik Ross and graduated from high school in 1917. Ross studied law at the University of Copenhagen graduating in 1922. He consequently worked in a barrister’s office. In 1923, he commenced a study tour, which would last for two and a half years, visiting France, England and Austria, where he met and befriended fellow legal scholar, Hans Kelsen. He spent 1928–1929 at the Uppsala University, receiving a doctoral degree in philosophy in 1929 under the supervision of Axel Hägerström. In 1935, he was appointed to teach constitutional law at the University of Copenhagen.[5] On Law and Justice[edit] In 1953, Ross published his most famous book Om Ret og Retfærdighed (which he would later publish in English, under the title On Law and Justice). In this book, he states that there is no a priori validity to give the law some special position. Experience serves as a guideline. This means, for example, that the famous dictum ‘suum cuique tribuere’, ‘to give to everyone his own’, has no meaning until it has been determined what actually belongs to someone, which means that this is a matter of begging the question (On Law and Justice, § 64 (p. 276)). His determination not to rely on anything but the facts leads to statements as the following: “The legal rule is neither true nor false; it is a directive.” (On Law and Justice, § 2 (p. 2)). Furthermore, the norm is directed at judges rather than citizens (On Law and Justice, § 7 (p. 33)). In this line of thought, he opposes natural law-approaches: “Like a harlot, natural law is at the disposal of everyone. The ideology does not exist that cannot be defended by an appeal to the law of nature. And, indeed, how can it be otherwise, since the ultimate basis for every natural right lies in a private direct insight, an evident contemplation, an intuition. Cannot my intuition be just as good as yours? Evidence as a criterion of truth explains the utterly arbitrary character of the metaphysical assertions. It raises them up above any force of inter-subjective control and opens the door wide to unrestricted invention and dogmatics.” (On Law and Justice, § 58 (p. 261).) Works[edit] "Imperatives and Logic", Theoria vol. 7, 1941, pp. 53–71 Towards a Realistic Jurisprudence: A Criticism of the Dualism in Law (1946) A Textbook in International Law (1947) Constitution of the United Nations (1951) Why Democracy? (1952) "Tû-Tû", Harvard Law Review vol. 70, Issue 5, March 1957, pp. 812–825. Originally published in Festskrift til Henry Ussing. O. Borum, K. Ilium (eds.). Kobenhavn Juristforbundet, 1951 On Law and Justice (1959) The United Nations: Peace and Progress (1966) Directives and Norms (1968) "On Self-Reference and a Puzzle in Constitutional Law", Mind (1969) On Guilt, Responsibility and Punishment (1975) References[edit] ^ Grabowski, Paweł (2009). "Enactment, provision, norm: reflections on the normativeness of provisions regulating the process of legislation". Investigationes Linguisticae. XVII: 129–140. doi:10.14746/il.2009.17.9. ^ Evald, Jens (2014). Alf Ross – a life. Copenhagen: Djøf Publishing. pp. 310–315. ISBN 978-87-574-2786-8. ^ Holtermann, Jakob v H. (2016-10-26). "A Straw Man Revisited: Resettling the Score between H.L.A Hart and Scandinavian Legal Realism". Rochester, NY. SSRN 2859404. Cite journal requires |journal= (help) ^ Hart, H. L. A. (November 1959). "Scandinavian Realism". The Cambridge Law Journal. 17 (2): 233–240. doi:10.1017/S0008197300007650. ISSN 1469-2139. ^ Waaben, Knud (2003). "Alf Ross 1899–1979: A Biographical Sketch" (PDF). European Journal of International Law. 14 (4): 661–674. doi:10.1093/ejil/14.4.661. Bibliography[edit] Hempel, Carl G. (1941). "Alf Ross. Imperatives and Logic". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 6 (3): 105. doi:10.2307/2268596. JSTOR 2268596. v t e Jurisprudence Legal theory Critical legal studies Comparative law Economic analysis Legal norms International legal theory Legal history Philosophy of law Sociology of law Philosophers Alexy Allan Aquinas Aristotle Austin Beccaria Bentham Betti Bickel Blackstone Bobbio Bork Brożek Cardozo Castanheira Neves Chafee Coleman Del Vecchio Durkheim Dworkin Ehrlich Feinberg Fineman Finnis Frank Fuller Gardner George Green Grisez Grotius Gurvitch Habermas Han Hart Hegel Hobbes Hohfeld Hägerström Jellinek Jhering Kant Kelsen Köchler Kramer Llewellyn Lombardía Luhmann Lundstedt Lyons MacCormick Marx Nussbaum Olivecrona Pashukanis Perelman Petrażycki Pontes de Miranda Posner Pound Puchta Pufendorf Radbruch Rawls Raz Reale Reinach Renner Ross Rumi Savigny Scaevola Schauer Schmitt Shang Simmonds Somló Suárez Tribe Unger Voegelin Waldron Walzer Weber Wronkowska Ziembiński Znamierowski Theories Analytical jurisprudence Deontological ethics Fundamental theory of canon law Interpretivism Legalism Legal moralism Legal positivism Legal realism Libertarian theories of law Natural law Paternalism Utilitarianism Virtue jurisprudence Concepts Dharma Fa Judicial interpretation Justice Legal system Li Rational-legal authority Usul al-Fiqh Related articles Law Political philosophy Index Category Law portal Philosophy portal WikiProject Law WikiProject Philosophy changes Authority control BNE: XX1077624 BNF: cb129377723 (data) GND: 122394550 ISNI: 0000 0001 1833 7558 LCCN: n50047448 NKC: mub2015864295 NTA: 068764499 PLWABN: 9810609935105606 SELIBR: 322310 SNAC: w61d5p5p SUDOC: 056886616 VIAF: 204968982 WorldCat Identities: lccn-n50047448 Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alf_Ross&oldid=997259346" Categories: 1899 births 1979 deaths Danish jurists Judges of the European Court of Human Rights People from Copenhagen University of Copenhagen faculty Uppsala University alumni Philosophers of law Moral philosophers Danish judges of international courts and tribunals Hidden categories: CS1 errors: missing periodical Articles lacking in-text citations from August 2014 All articles lacking in-text citations Articles with hCards Wikipedia articles with BNE identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with NKC identifiers Wikipedia articles with NTA identifiers Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version Languages العربية Dansk Deutsch Español Français Italiano مصرى Nederlands 日本語 Norsk bokmål Português Suomi Svenska Edit links This page was last edited on 30 December 2020, at 18:32 (UTC). 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