Immorality - Wikipedia Immorality From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Not to be confused with amorality or immortality. The neutrality of this article is disputed. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met. (January 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Immorality is the violation of moral laws, norms or standards. It refers to an agent doing or thinking something they know or believe to be wrong.[1][2] Immorality is normally applied to people or actions, or in a broader sense, it can be applied to groups or corporate bodies, and works of art. Contents 1 Aristotle 2 Religion 3 Sexual immorality 4 Modernity 5 Immoral psychoanalysis 6 Literary references 7 See also 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External links Aristotle[edit] Aristotle saw many vices as excesses or deficits in relation to some virtue, as cowardice and rashness relate to courage. Some attitudes and actions – such as envy, murder, and theft – he saw as wrong in themselves, with no question of a deficit/excess in relation to the mean.[3] Religion[edit] In Christianity, sin is a central concept in understanding immorality. Immorality is often closely linked with both religion and sexuality.[4] Max Weber saw rational articulated religions as engaged in a long-term struggle with more physical forms of religious experience linked to dance, intoxication and sexual activity.[5] Durkheim pointed out how many primitive rites culminated in abandoning the distinction between licit and immoral behavior.[6] Freud's dour conclusion was that "In every age immorality has found no less support in religion than morality has".[7] Sexual immorality[edit] See also: Sexual ethics Coding of sexual behavior has historically been a feature of all human societies, as too; has been the policing of breaches of its mores – sexual immorality – by means of formal and informal social control.[8] Interdictions and taboos among primitive societies[9] were arguably no less severe than in traditional agrarian societies.[10] In the latter, the degree of control might vary from time to time and region to region, being least in urban settlements;[11] however, only the last three centuries of intense urbanisation, commercialisation and modernisation have broken with the restrictions of the pre-modern world,[12] in favor of a successor society of fractured and competing sexual codes and subcultures, where sexual expression is integrated into the workings of the commercial world.[13] Nevertheless, while the meaning of sexual immorality has been drastically redefined in recent times, arguably the boundaries of what is acceptable remain publicly policed and as highly charged as ever, as the decades-long debates in the US over reproductive rights after Roe v. Wade, or 21st-century controversy over child images on Wikipedia and Amazon would tend to suggest.[14] Modernity[edit] Michel Foucault considered that the modern world was unable to put forward a coherent morality[15] – an inability underpinned philosophically by emotivism. Nevertheless, modernism has often been accompanied by a cult of immorality,[16] as for example when John Ciardi acclaimed Naked Lunch as "a monumentally moral descent into the hell of narcotic addiction".[17] Immoral psychoanalysis[edit] Psychoanalysis received much early criticism for being the unsavory product of an immoral town – Vienna; psychoanalysts for being both unscrupulous and dirty-minded.[18] Freud himself however was of the opinion that "anyone who has succeeded in educating himself to truth about himself is permanently defended against the danger of immorality, even though his standard of morality may differ".[19] Literary references[edit] When questioned by a proof-reader whether his description of Meleager as the immoral poet should be immortal poet, T. E. Lawrence replied: "Immorality I know. Immortality I cannot judge. As you please: Meleager will not sue us for libel".[20] De Quincey set out an (inverted) hierarchy of immorality in his study On Murder Considered as one of the Fine Arts: "if once a man indulges himself in murder, very soon he comes to think little of robbing; and from robbing he comes next to drinking and Sabbath-breaking, and from that to procrastination and incivility...this downward path".[21] See also[edit] Amorality Antinomianism Anti-social behaviour Baudelaire Criminality Deviance (sociology) Disinhibition – disregard for social conventions and norms Ethics Evil Harm Hedonism Libertine Limit-experience Bernard Mandeville Morality Morality in Islam Moral psychology Raunch culture Repressive desublimation Selfishness Sexual ethics Seven deadly sins Sin Vice Wickedness References[edit] ^ New School Dictionary. Collins. 1999. p. 24. ISBN 0 00 472238-8. ^ "amoral vs. immoral on Vocabulary.com". www.vocabulary.com. Retrieved 2020-10-14. ^ Aristotle, Ethics (1976) p. 102 ^ B. Kirkpatrick ed, Roget's Thesaurus (1998) pp. 650 and 670 ^ Max Weber, The Sociology of Religion (1971) p. 158 ^ Émile Durkheim, The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life (1971) p. 383 ^ S. Freud, Civilization, Society and Religion (PFL 12) p. 220 ^ F. Dabhoiwala, 'The first sexual revolution', The Oxford Historian X (2012) p. 426 ^ Durkheim, p. 410 ^ S. Freud, On Sexuality (PFL 7) p. 271 ^ E. Ladurie, Montaillou (1980) p. 149 and p. 169 ^ Dabhoiwala, p. 41–3 ^ Herbert Marcuse, One-Dimensional Man (2002) p. 78 ^ A. Lih, The Wikipedia Revolution (2010) p. 204–9 ^ G, Gutting ed., The Cambridge Companion to Foucault (2003) p. 87 ^ Eric Berne, Games People Play (1966) p. 70 ^ Quoted in J. Campbell, This is the Beat Generation (1999) p. 265 ^ Peter Gay, Freud (1989) p. 194-6 ^ S. Freud, Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis (PFL 1) p. 485-6 ^ T. E. Lawrence, Seven Pillars of Wisdom (1936) p. 25 ^ Thomas De Quincey, On Murder Considered as one of the Fine Arts (2004) p. 28 Further reading[edit] Bible Catechism of the Catholic Church André Gide, L'Immoraliste (1902) Catherine Edwards, The Politics of Immorality in Ancient Rome (2002) External links[edit] Wikisource has the text of the 1920 Encyclopedia Americana article Immorality. 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Related articles Casuistry Christian ethics Descriptive ethics Ethics in religion Evolutionary ethics Feminist ethics History of ethics Ideology Islamic ethics Jewish ethics Moral psychology Philosophy of law Political philosophy Population ethics Social philosophy Category Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Immorality&oldid=995722667" Categories: Morality Ethics Hidden categories: NPOV disputes from January 2019 All NPOV disputes Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version In other projects Wikimedia Commons Languages العربية Ελληνικά Esperanto हिन्दी Italiano ಕನ್ನಡ Soomaaliga Türkçe Edit links This page was last edited on 22 December 2020, at 15:17 (UTC). 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