id sid tid token lemma pos cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 1 key key JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 2 : : : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 3 cord-320893-bgn04zh3 cord-320893-bgn04zh3 NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 4 authors author NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 5 : : : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 6 Mubarak Mubarak NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 7 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 8 Naeem Naeem NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 9 ; ; : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 10 Zin Zin NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 11 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 12 Che Che NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 13 Suraya Suraya NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 14 title title NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 15 : : : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 16 Religious religious JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 17 tourism tourism NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 18 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 19 mass mass JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 20 religious religious JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 21 gatherings gathering NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 22 — — : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 23 The the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 24 potential potential JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 25 link link NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 26 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 27 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 28 spread spread NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 29 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 30 COVID-19 covid-19 NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 1 31 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 2 1 Current current JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 2 2 perspective perspective NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 2 3 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 2 4 future future JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 2 5 implications implication NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 2 6 date date NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 3 1 : : : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 3 2 2020 2020 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 3 3 - - HYPH cord-320893-bgn04zh3 3 4 06 06 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 3 5 - - HYPH cord-320893-bgn04zh3 3 6 09 09 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 3 7 journal journal NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 3 8 : : : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 4 1 Travel travel VB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 4 2 Med Med NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 4 3 Infect infect VBP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 4 4 Dis dis NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 4 5 DOI doi NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 4 6 : : : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 4 7 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 4 8 / / SYM cord-320893-bgn04zh3 4 9 j.tmaid.2020.101786 j.tmaid.2020.101786 NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 4 10 sha sha NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 4 11 : : : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 5 1 ee2525d10156dbae3821392e2f5e8bbddf988abf ee2525d10156dbae3821392e2f5e8bbddf988abf CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 5 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 5 3 : : : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 5 4 320893 320893 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 5 5 cord_uid cord_uid NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 5 6 : : : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 6 1 bgn04zh3 bgn04zh3 NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 6 2 nan nan NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 6 3 Religious religious JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 6 4 tourism tourism NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 6 5 -visit -visit . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 1 to to IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 2 sacred sacred JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 3 places place NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 4 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 5 a a DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 6 given give VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 7 country country NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 8 -is -is : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 9 a a DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 10 huge huge JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 11 market market NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 12 that that WDT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 13 significantly significantly RB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 14 contributes contribute VBZ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 15 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 16 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 17 revenue revenue NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 18 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 19 many many JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 20 countries country NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 7 21 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 1 Churches church NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 2 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 3 mosques mosque NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 4 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 5 temples temple NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 6 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 7 shrines shrine NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 8 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 9 synagogues synagogue NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 10 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 11 gurdwaras gurdwara NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 12 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 13 other other JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 14 sites site NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 15 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 16 religious religious JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 17 significance significance NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 18 attract attract VBP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 19 hundreds hundred NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 20 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 21 thousands thousand NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 22 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 23 tourists tourist NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 24 globally globally RB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 8 25 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 2 1 1 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 4 Religious religious JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 5 tourism tourism NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 6 takes take VBZ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 7 full full JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 8 swing swing NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 9 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 10 certain certain JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 11 months month NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 12 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 13 results result NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 14 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 15 mass mass JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 16 religious religious JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 17 gatherings gathering NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 19 MRGs MRGs NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 21 which which WDT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 22 pose pose VBP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 23 a a DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 24 significant significant JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 25 public public JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 26 health health NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 27 risk risk NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 28 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 29 context context NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 30 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 31 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 32 potential potential JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 33 spread spread NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 34 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 35 infections infection NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 36 across across IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 37 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 38 borders border NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 39 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 40 within within IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 41 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 42 communities community NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 9 43 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 2 has have VBZ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 3 always always RB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 4 been be VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 5 challenging challenge VBG cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 6 for for IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 7 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 8 governments government NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 9 to to TO cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 10 effectively effectively RB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 11 implement implement VB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 12 preventive preventive JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 13 measures measure NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 14 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 15 MRGs mrg NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 10 16 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 1 Table table NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 2 1 1 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 3 enlists enlist VBZ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 4 some some DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 5 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 6 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 7 prominent prominent JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 8 planned plan VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 9 MRGs mrg NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 10 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 11 different different JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 12 parts part NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 13 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 14 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 15 world world NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 11 16 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 1 In in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 2 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 3 past past NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 4 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 5 MRGs mrg NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 6 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 7 for for IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 8 instance instance NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 9 Kumb Kumb NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 10 Mela Mela NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 11 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 12 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 13 Hajj Hajj NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 14 2013 2013 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 15 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 16 have have VBP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 17 been be VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 18 identified identify VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 19 as as IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 20 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 21 locus locus NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 22 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 23 spread spread NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 24 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 25 antibiotic antibiotic JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 26 resistant resistant JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 27 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 28 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 29 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 30 infections infection NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 12 31 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 2 2 2 LS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 4 Religious religious JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 5 tourism tourism NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 6 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 7 MRGs mrg NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 8 have have VBP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 9 been be VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 10 linked link VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 11 with with IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 12 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 13 explosive explosive JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 14 spread spread NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 15 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 16 COVID-19 covid-19 NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 17 across across IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 18 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 19 globe globe NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 13 20 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 1 To to TO cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 2 begin begin VB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 3 with with IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 4 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 5 35 35 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 6 % % NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 7 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 8 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 9 new new JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 10 Malaysian malaysian JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 11 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 12 cases case NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 13 stemmed stem VBD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 14 from from IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 15 an an DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 16 MRG MRG NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 17 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 18 19000 19000 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 19 Muslims Muslims NNPS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 20 which which WDT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 21 include include VBP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 22 1500 1500 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 23 foreigners foreigner NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 24 from from IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 25 30 30 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 26 countries country NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 14 27 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 1 This this DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 2 was be VBD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 3 organized organize VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 4 by by IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 5 Tableeghi Tableeghi NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 6 Jammat Jammat NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 7 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 8 a a DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 9 Muslim muslim JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 10 evangelists evangelist NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 11 group group NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 12 involved involve VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 13 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 14 proselytization proselytization NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 15 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 16 masses masse NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 15 17 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 1 This this DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 2 transmission transmission NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 3 has have VBZ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 4 now now RB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 5 been be VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 6 termed term VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 7 as as IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 8 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 9 largest large JJS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 10 known know VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 11 viral viral JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 12 vector vector NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 13 that that WDT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 14 spread spread VBD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 15 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 16 virus virus NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 17 to to IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 18 other other JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 19 countries country NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 16 20 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 2 3 3 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 4 In in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 5 Iran Iran NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 6 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 7 religious religious JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 8 tourism tourism NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 9 -a -a HYPH cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 10 substantial substantial JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 11 source source NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 12 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 13 revenue revenue NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 14 - - HYPH cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 15 congregations congregation NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 17 16 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 2 4 4 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 4 Hajj Hajj NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 5 -an -an NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 6 obligatory obligatory JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 7 pilgrimage pilgrimage NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 8 for for IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 9 Muslims Muslims NNPS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 10 to to IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 11 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 12 " " `` cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 13 House House NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 14 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 15 Allah Allah NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 16 " " '' cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 17 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 18 Mecca Mecca NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 19 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 20 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 21 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 22 -is -is : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 23 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 24 most most RBS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 25 diverse diverse JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 26 MRG MRG NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 27 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 28 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 29 world world NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 31 2.5 2.5 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 32 to to TO cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 33 3 3 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 34 million million CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 35 pilgrims pilgrim NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 36 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 37 from from IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 38 180 180 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 39 countries country NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 40 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 41 2019 2019 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 18 43 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 1 Respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 2 infections infection NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 3 were be VBD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 4 common common JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 5 among among IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 6 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 7 Hajj Hajj NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 8 pilgrims pilgrim NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 9 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 10 many many JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 11 studies study NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 12 reported report VBD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 13 low low JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 14 adherence adherence NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 15 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 16 implementation implementation NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 17 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 18 preventive preventive JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 19 measures measure NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 20 during during IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 21 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 22 Hajj Hajj NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 23 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 24 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 25 previous previous JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 26 pandemic pandemic NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 27 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 28 H1N1(2009 H1N1(2009 NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 30 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 31 MRES MRES NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 32 outbreak outbreak NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 34 2013 2013 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 19 36 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 2 5 5 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 3 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 4 6 6 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 6 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 7 has have VBZ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 8 prompted prompt VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 9 Saudi saudi JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 10 government government NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 11 to to TO cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 12 consider consider VB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 13 cancelation cancelation NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 14 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 15 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 16 Hajj Hajj NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 17 this this DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 18 year year NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 20 19 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 1 However however RB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 2 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 4 would would MD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 5 not not RB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 6 be be VB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 7 an an DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 8 easy easy JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 9 decision decision NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 10 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 11 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 12 most most RBS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 13 likely likely JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 14 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 15 Kingdom Kingdom NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 16 will will MD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 17 open open VB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 18 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 19 boarder boarder NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 20 for for IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 21 Hajj-2020 hajj-2020 ADD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 21 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 22 1 28 28 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 22 2 th th XX cord-320893-bgn04zh3 23 1 July-2 July-2 NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 24 1 nd nd NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 24 2 August August NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 24 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 1 because because IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 2 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 3 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 4 associated associated JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 5 religious religious JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 6 emotions emotion NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 7 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 8 potential potential JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 9 economic economic JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 10 loss loss NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 11 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 12 $ $ $ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 13 8.5 8.5 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 14 billion billion CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 15 revenue revenue NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 16 from from IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 17 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 18 religious religious JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 19 tourism tourism NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 20 pertaining pertain VBG cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 21 to to IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 22 Hajj Hajj NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 25 23 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 1 In in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 2 this this DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 3 case case NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 4 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 5 any any DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 6 country country NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 7 opening open VBG cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 8 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 9 boarder boarder NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 10 for for IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 11 religious religious JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 12 tourism tourism NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 13 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 14 MRGs mrg NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 15 must must MD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 16 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 17 capability capability NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 18 to to TO cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 19 implement implement VB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 20 adequate adequate JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 21 preventive preventive JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 22 measures measure NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 23 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 24 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 25 capabilities capability NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 26 26 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 2 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 3 to to TO cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 4 avoid avoid VB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 5 any any DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 6 potential potential JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 7 ramifications ramification NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 8 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 9 authors author NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 10 suggest suggest VBP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 11 restrictions restriction NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 12 on on IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 13 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 14 entry entry NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 15 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 16 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 17 Hajj Hajj NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 18 pilgrims pilgrim NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 19 who who WP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 20 are be VBP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 21 / / SYM cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 22 from from IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 23 : : : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 24 a. a. NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 25 epicentres epicentre NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 26 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 27 hotspots hotspot NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 28 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 29 b. b. NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 30 over over IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 31 50 50 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 32 years year NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 33 old old JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 34 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 35 c. c. NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 36 chronic chronic JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 37 disease disease NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 38 patients patient NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 39 with with IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 40 diabetes diabetes NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 41 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 42 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 43 complications complication NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 44 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 45 d. d. NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 46 countries country NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 47 with with IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 48 suboptimal suboptimal JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 49 diseases disease NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 50 surveillance surveillance NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 51 system system NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 52 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 53 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 54 e. e. NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 55 countries country NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 56 with with IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 57 inadequate inadequate JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 58 quarantine quarantine NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 59 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 60 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 61 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 62 for for IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 63 returning return VBG cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 64 pilgrims pilgrim NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 65 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 66 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 67 needs need VBZ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 68 to to TO cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 69 deploy deploy VB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 70 a a DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 71 pre pre JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 72 - - JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 73 emptive emptive JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 74 approach approach NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 75 for for IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 76 all all PDT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 77 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 78 necessary necessary JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 79 arrangements arrangement NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 27 80 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 1 The the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 2 threat threat NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 3 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 4 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 5 virus virus NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 6 spread spread VBD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 7 out out IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 8 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 9 Hajj Hajj NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 10 could could MD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 11 be be VB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 12 a a DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 13 reality reality NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 14 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 15 hence hence RB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 16 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 17 time time NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 18 for for IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 19 action action NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 20 is be VBZ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 21 now now RB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 22 or or CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 23 never never RB cord-320893-bgn04zh3 28 24 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 29 1 Table table NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 29 2 1 1 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 1 Prominent prominent JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 2 mass mass NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 3 religious religious JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 4 gatherings gathering NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 5 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 6 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 7 world world NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 8 Religious religious JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 9 tourism tourism NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 10 -a -a HYPH cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 11 review review NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 12 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 13 the the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 14 literature literature NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 15 Hamer Hamer NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 16 DH DH NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 17 ; ; : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 18 GeoSentinel GeoSentinel NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 19 Network Network NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 30 20 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 31 1 International international JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 31 2 mass mass NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 31 3 gatherings gathering NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 31 4 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 31 5 travel travel NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 31 6 - - HYPH cord-320893-bgn04zh3 31 7 associated associate VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 31 8 illness illness NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 31 9 : : : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 32 1 A a DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 32 2 GeoSentinel GeoSentinel NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 32 3 cross cross JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 32 4 - - JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 32 5 sectional sectional JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 32 6 , , , cord-320893-bgn04zh3 32 7 observational observational JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 32 8 study study NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 1 A a DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 2 Single Single NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 3 Mass Mass NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 4 Gathering gathering NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 5 Resulted result VBD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 6 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 7 Massive Massive NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 8 Transmission Transmission NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 9 of of IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 10 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 11 Infections Infections NNPS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 12 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 13 Malaysia Malaysia NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 14 with with IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 15 Further Further NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 16 International International NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 33 17 Spread Spread NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 34 1 The the DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 34 2 missing missing JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 34 3 link link NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 34 4 for for IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 34 5 an an DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 34 6 effective effective JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 34 7 social social JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 34 8 distancing distancing NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 34 9 in in IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 34 10 Pakistan Pakistan NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 34 11 . . . cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 1 Time time NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 2 for for IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 3 some some DT cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 4 unpopular unpopular JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 5 decisions decision NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 6 Mass Mass NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 7 gathering gathering NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 8 - - HYPH cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 9 related relate VBN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 10 mask mask NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 11 use use NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 12 during during IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 13 2009 2009 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 14 pandemic pandemic NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 15 influenza influenza NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 16 A A NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 18 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 20 and and CC cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 21 Middle Middle NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 22 East East NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 23 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 24 syndrome syndrome NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 25 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 26 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 27 : : : cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 28 preparing prepare VBG cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 29 for for IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 30 superspreader superspreader NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 31 potential potential NN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 32 among among IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 33 Umrah Umrah NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 34 pilgrims pilgrim NNS cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 35 to to IN cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 36 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-320893-bgn04zh3 35 37 Arabia Arabia NNP