cord-022631-s4n24xij 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023372-ft8cp9op 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023373-6wh1kb3p 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023374-87ob1exq 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023375-x4p187u7 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023387-tyeh14wz 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023388-btbf6wkg 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023389-ilrp8vb7 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023390-5hcgdlmt 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023391-bq5w3jk9 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023392-axd0901z 2008 cord-023393-8nye3nc8 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023394-ptfjxpo6 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023402-8qfmo6rq 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023403-jzdrvfvr 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023407-s85g7g0x 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023410-eblcf902 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023411-iszb5qlk 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023414-xxw5kptr 2008 cord-023415-hhvmsn5b 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023417-by18aczt 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023419-lnmc6vv5 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023421-1d1gf7az 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023425-3sjsogvq 2008 cord-023429-x52gbklw 2008 cord-023430-5zuewjv2 2008 cord-023431-zjyrhlxn 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023433-d1b7qvhs 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023438-g0k0vvdc 2008 cord-023439-r04y1j22 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. cord-023441-q83y12sk 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023443-pvz7dll9 2004 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-023445-c4tqioz1 2008 We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cord-276966-wmelyonk 2020 In targeting specific viral pathogens, dual-protein ligand masks (for brevity, henceforth called dualprotein ligands) should be able to create a quick and powerful immune memory response with existing memory immune cells against some viral pathogens or virus infected cells, without some of the practical limitations of vaccines. Dual-protein ligands could induce an immune response by mimicking the key parts of antigens that activate existing immune memory cells or innate immune cells to attack tagged viral pathogens. All rights reserved One treatment option injects dual-protein ligands into the blood stream or localized regions to mask pathogenic surface proteins used by viruses to infect mammalian cells. Targeted dual-protein ligands could mask viral surface proteins to quickly treat some untreatable virus infections by using already existing immune cells. cord-303143-4sksz6xz 2009 title: Elevated Plasma Surfactant Protein D (SP‐D) Levels and a Direct Correlation with Anti‐severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐specific IgG Antibody in SARS Patients The diagnosis was further confirmed using the ELISA assay for plasma SARS-CoV protein N IgG measurement (described below). Anti-SARS-CoV N protein IgG levels were [median (95% CI)] 0.97 (0.81-1.58) versus 0.05 (0.04-0.06) and 0.05 (0.04-0.07) units (OD450) in patients with SARStype pneumonia, patients with CAP (S. A significant correlation between plasma SP-D and anti-SARS-CoV N protein IgG measured in SARS patients was observed using linear regression (r 2 = 0.5995, P = 0.02) (Fig. 5) . This was further confirmed by the measures of lung injury reported in the present study showing no significant differences in pulmonary infiltrate, chest radiographic score, thrombocytopenia and leucocytopenia between SARS patients and the bacterial-type pneumonia patients. Plasma surfactant protein levels and clinical outcomes in patients with acute lung injury cord-306096-2yl07bdq 2003 In the absence of viral infection, IDDM can be induced when such anergic CTL clones (of high or low affinity) in the periphery are activated as they pass into an islet environment where interferon-g or B7.1 are expressed [9, 10] . To examine whether molecular mimicry between a virus and a protein expressed in oligodendrocytes could lead to a central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disease much like the demyelinating disease, multiple sclerosis, transgenic mice were generated whose oligodendrocytes expressed either the nucleoprotein or glycoprotein of a virus [41] . Virus infection triggers insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in a transgenic model: role of anti-self (virus) immune response Molecular mimicry in T-cell mediated autoimmunity: viral peptides activate human T-cell clones specific for myelin basic protein Oral insulin treatment suppresses virus-induced antigen-specific destruction of b cells and prevents autoimmune diabetes in transgenic mice cord-307207-xfu5d7dt 2020 In March 2020, the World health organization reported coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) as a pandemic.(1) Khan et al., 2020, in their systemic review about positive COVID‐19 pregnant women, showed a rate of 29.1% preterm birth and 16.4% low birth weight among their babies.(2) This increases the interest that hyper‐inflammatory state in COVID‐19 may be associated with hypoxic injury in the placenta and developing pre‐eclamptic state. 1 Khan et al., 2020, in their systemic review about positive COVID-19 pregnant women, showed a rate of 29.1% preterm birth and 16.4% low birth weight among their babies. Possible COVID-19 intrauterine infection may alter the expression of ACE2 and develop pre-eclamptic state via raised Angiotensin II level in the placental villi leading to vasoconstriction and restricted fetal blood flow. 7 Systematic review about maternal serum cytokines in pre-eclampsia revealed significant increase of maternal IL-6, IL-10 and TNFα compared with normotensive pregnant women. Further studies are recommended to show the association between COVID-19 and development of pre-eclampsia. cord-315046-ltmuw6f8 2020 6-7 SARS-COV-2-infected patients were observed to have massive accumulation of inflammatory cytokines and aberrant T cell responses compared to healthy individuals, providing evidence that COVID-19 may be an immune interrelated disease. [12] [13] So, viral RNA and S protein of SARS-related coronaviruses may have evolved as major PAMPs which can mediate innate immune signaling cascades, initiating an antiviral state in infected-cells. All rights reserved SARS-CoV-2-induced respiratory distress syndrome may involve deranged innate immune effector molecule production, abnormal elevation of inflammatory immune cells and cytokine storms. Dynamic innate immune responses of human bronchial epithelial cells to severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection Cell Responses Are Required for Protection from Clinical Disease and for Virus Clearance in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-Infected Mice▿ Response of Memory CD8+ T Cells to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus in Recovered SARS Patients and Healthy Individuals cord-321590-8y1jy01c 2020 The related Basidiomycota Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM), Hericium erinaceus (HE), and Grifola frondosa (GF) have been shown to exert antimicrobial activity against viral agents, Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, and parasites in vitro and in vivo. Effect of a Medicinal Agaricus blazei Murill-Based Mushroom Extract, AndoSan™, on Symptoms, Fatigue and Quality of Life in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis in a Randomized Single-Blinded Placebo Controlled Study Effect of the Medicinal Agaricus blazei Murill-Based Mushroom Extract, AndoSanTM, on Symptoms, Fatigue and Quality of Life in Patients with Crohn''s Disease in a Randomized Single-Blinded Placebo Controlled Study Cytokine levels after consumption of a medicinal Agaricus blazei murill-based mushroom extract, AndoSan™, in patients with Crohn''s disease and ulcerative colitis in a randomized single-blinded placebo-controlled study Effect of an extract based on the medicinal mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill on expression of cytokines and calprotectin in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn''s disease cord-352747-o30wbq6m 2008 Lucchiari, to his laboratory, and in 1992, we published a paper showing that the pattern of protein synthesized in the liver was profoundly perturbed upon mouse hepatitis viruses (MHV) infection [1] , and that some gene products related to the induction of antiviral state in macrophages resistant and sensitive to interferon-g (IFN-g) could be readily characterized [2] . A few years later, supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation, we have found that IFN-g was capable of inducing a downregulation of the main viral receptor only in macrophages originated from resistant mice, explaining at least in part the cellular and molecular basis of mouse resistance to MHV infection [3, 4] . Our quantitative biology studies [1, 4] showing upregulated and downregulated proteins and genes in resistant and susceptible macrophages opened a great perspective for investigations of the biological role of these cells and have also confirmed the downregulation of an MHV3 receptor gene by IFN-g activation [4] .