# ent

id: cord-273638-mmlwh87u
type: ORG
entity:
  Kong Police Arrest Protesters for Violating Social Distancing Guidelines Evaluating the Effectiveness of Social Distancing Interventions


id: cord-341038-lomaz6pc
type: CHEMICAL
entity:
  N 2521 5 4 2 9 5 5 Partner health N 1624 6 6 3 0 7 5 Parents health N 2419 8 2 2 3 9 3 Children health N 613 5 6 3 8 6 9


id: cord-341038-lomaz6pc
type: CHEMICAL
entity:
  N 2489 8 3 2 2 9 3 Friends health N 2511 6 6 2 7 7 4 Social situation N 2503 8 1 2 2 9 3 Economic situation N 2490 8 2 2 2 9 3 SD


id: cord-337020-7dhx8f4x
type: GGP
entity:
  Alzheimer s disease A review The Essential Guide to Effect Sizes Statistical Power Meta Analysis and the Interpretation of Research Results Covid 19 and depression in AD 16 Depression in dementia epidemiology mechanisms and treatment Anxiety and Alzheimer s


id: cord-337020-7dhx8f4x
type: GGP
entity:
  Alzheimer s disease International experiences with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale a review of validation data and clinical results Neuropsychiatric symptoms as early manifestations of emergent dementia Provisional diagnostic criteria for mild behavioral impairment Covid 19


id: cord-292721-954nxptr
type: GGP
entity:
  X 2 4 15 15 p 004 The mean scores for anxiety depression loneliness irritability and sleep quality were all significantly different across the three levels of perceived social support p 001 for all demonstrating the protective nature of social support systems upon the mental health outcomes of interest as well as sleep and loneliness 7 12 6 10 6 001 UCLA Loneliness Scale 7 2 6 2 5 2


id: cord-292721-954nxptr
type: WORK_OF_ART
entity:
  A Short Scale for Measuring Loneliness in Large Surveys Results From Two Population Based Studies People with Suspected COVID


id: cord-262085-y90w53xo
type: ORG
entity:
  the Brazilian Department of Science Technology and Scientific Writing Lab Medicine School Universidade Federal of Cariri UFCA


id: cord-273331-pu4cr3bh
type: DNA
entity:
  COLLATE Project COVID 19 and mood disorders Immediate psychological responses and associated factors


id: cord-323482-kk8iyavj
type: LAW
entity:
  the COVID 19 Epidemic in China Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms


id: cord-336942-2mvcyvbl
type: ORG
entity:
  Loneliness Matters A Theoretical and Empirical Review of Consequences and Mechanisms A Short Scale for Measuring Loneliness in Large Surveys


# bib

id: cord-258133-zsweppku
title: COVID-19 paranoia in a patient suffering from schizophrenic psychosis – a case report
author: Fischer, M.
date: 2020-04-17
txt: ./txt/cord-258133-zsweppku.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-258133-zsweppku.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165178120306673
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113001
abstract: nan
summary:
  Here we report the case of a patient with schizophrenia presenting with COVD-19related delusions and hallucinations, illustrating the potential of COVID-19 to precipitate entry into a psychotic phase and impact symptom manifestation. This case report shows the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the psychopathology of a patient with paranoid psychosis leading to the outbreak of a psychotic phase with paranoid-hallucinatoric experiencing and unrealistic expectations and concerns. This observation may be in line with the previous reports that higher levels of concurrent anxiety in patients with schizophrenia correlated with lower perception of personal risk of infection with swine flu, although the reason for this effect is unclear (Maguire et al., 2019a) . Overall, the current case report illustrates the potential for the psychological context of the COVID-19 emergency to influence emergence and manifestations of symptoms of psychosis, and indicates that measured, balanced and responsible reporting of the COVID-19 crisis in the media will be important to minimize the risk of overreactions in at risk persons and to avoid entry into psychotic episodes.


id: cord-258991-mrs5j2ep
author: Huang, Yeen
date: 2020-04-12
txt: ./txt/cord-258991-mrs5j2ep.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-258991-mrs5j2ep.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954
summary:
  title: Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey Using a web-based cross-sectional survey, we collected data from 7,236 self-selected volunteers assessed with demographic information, COVID-19 related knowledge, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), depressive symptoms, and sleep quality. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age (< 35 years) and time spent focusing on the COVID-19 (≥ 3 hours per day) were associated with GAD, and healthcare workers were at high risk for poor sleep quality. Therefore, using a web-based cross-sectional study, we aimed to assess the mental health burden of Chinese public during COVID-19 outbreak, and to explore the potential influence factors. All subjects reported their demographic data, COVID-19 related information, and completed three standardized questionnaires which assessed their generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), depressive symptoms, and sleep quality. Our web-based study shows a high prevalence of GAD and poor sleep quality in the Chinese public during COVID-19 outbreak.

title:
  Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey

abstract:
  China has been severely affected by Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) since December, 2019. We aimed to assess the mental health burden of Chinese public during the outbreak, and to explore the potential influence factors. Using a web-based cross-sectional survey, we collected data from 7,236 self-selected volunteers assessed with demographic information, COVID-19 related knowledge, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), depressive symptoms, and sleep quality. The overall prevalence of GAD, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality of the public were 35.1%, 20.1%, and 18.2%, respectively. Young people reported a significantly higher prevalence of GAD and depressive symptoms than older people. Compared with other occupational group, healthcare workers were more likely to have poor sleep quality. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age (< 35 years) and time spent focusing on the COVID-19 (≥ 3 hours per day) were associated with GAD, and healthcare workers were at high risk for poor sleep quality. Our study identified a major mental health burden of the public during the COVID-19 outbreak. Young people, people spending too much time thinking about the outbreak, and healthcare workers were at high risk of mental illness. Continuous surveillance of the psychological consequences for outbreaks should become routine as part of preparedness efforts worldwide.


id: cord-260585-ovmko655
author: Sherman, Allen C.
date: 2020-09-24
txt: ./txt/cord-260585-ovmko655.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-260585-ovmko655.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165178120331371
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113476
summary:
  In separate multivariable analyses that accounted for a number of demographic and pandemic-related covariates, individuals who reported greater pandemic-related disruption in daily life, and those with a prior history of mental health concerns, were more likely to screen positive for depressive, anxiety and trauma-related symptoms. We anticipated that heightened levels of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress would be associated with specific situational factors, including perceived viral exposure or infection, food and financial insecurity, reduced access to routine medical care, greater disruption in daily life, more stringent social distancing, and diminished daily structure. Preliminary bivariate analyses evaluated associations of elevated scores on the primary outcomes (i.e., scores above thresholds for depression, anxiety, and trauma) with demographic variables (e.g., age, ethnicity, gender, comorbidities) and situational risk factors (e.g., perceived exposure and infection, COVID-19 symptoms, food and financial insecurity, access to routine medical care, pandemic-related employment changes, illness or loss of loved ones, reduced daily structure, social activity, and disruption in daily activities,), using t-tests, or chi-square or Fisher Exact tests, as appropriate.

title:
  Mental Health Outcomes Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prevalence and Risk Factors in a Southern US State

abstract:
  The COVID-19 pandemic has had a dramatic effect on the functioning of individuals and institutions around the world. This cross-sectional registry-based study examined some of the burdens of the pandemic, the prevalence of mental health difficulties, and risk factors for psychosocial morbidity among community residents in Arkansas. The study focused on a period of gradual reopening but rising infection rates. The investigation included validated screening measures of depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), generalized anxiety (GAD-7), trauma-related symptoms (PCL-5), and alcohol use (AUDIT-C). A notable percentage of participants reported elevated symptoms on each of these outcomes. In separate multivariable analyses that accounted for a number of demographic and pandemic-related covariates, individuals who reported greater pandemic-related disruption in daily life, and those with a prior history of mental health concerns, were more likely to screen positive for depressive, anxiety and trauma-related symptoms. Findings illuminate burdens experienced by community residents during a period of phased reopening, and offer a foundation for future screening and intervention initiatives.


id: cord-262085-y90w53xo
author: Neto, Modesto Leite Rolim
date: 2020-04-13
txt: ./txt/cord-262085-y90w53xo.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-262085-y90w53xo.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32304928/
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112939
summary:
  BACKGROUND: Homeless experts and some federal housing officials are sounding the alarm that the patchwork of government efforts to address the coronavirus outbreak risks leaving out one group of acutely vulnerable people: the homeless. METHOD: The studies were identified using large-sized newspapers with international circulation RESULTS: With more cities suspecting community transmission of the novel coronavirus, people who sleep in shelters or hunker down outside already have a lower life expectancy and often have underlying health conditions that put them at greater risk if they develop COVID-19 (Global News, 2020). With more cities suspecting community transmission of the novel coronavirus, people who sleep in shelters or hunker down outside have a lower life expectancy and often have underlying health conditions that put them at greater risk if they develop COVID-19 (Global News, 2020) .

title:
  When basic supplies are missing, what to do? Specific demands of the local street population in times of coronavirus – a concern of social psychiatry

abstract:
  BACKGROUND: Homeless experts and some federal housing officials are sounding the alarm that the patchwork of government efforts to address the coronavirus outbreak risks leaving out one group of acutely vulnerable people: the homeless. In terms of isolation, it is too unclear what that looks like if you normally sleep on the streets. In this tough moment, when people should be turned away, not only it feels inhumane, but it is also a big public health risk, because where are they going to go? METHOD: The studies were identified using large-sized newspapers with international circulation RESULTS: With more cities suspecting community transmission of the novel coronavirus, people who sleep in shelters or hunker down outside already have a lower life expectancy and often have underlying health conditions that put them at greater risk if they develop COVID-19 (Global News, 2020). These people face lack of sleep, malnutrition, and “extreme stress levels just to meet their daily needs”, all of which weakens the immune system. Along with mental illness or substance abuse disorders, they are “incredibly vulnerable to this virus”. CONCLUSIONS: Health organizations are well aware of the risks involved in mental health. A large population of homeless people experience their pain and psychological distress intermittently. For low-income patients, the various borderline situations related to health/illness involve growing expectations regarding the basic needs. This is a serious concern when linked to the pandemic.


id: cord-264300-6qp0ymi2
author: Sutin, Angelina R.
date: 2020-07-13
txt: ./txt/cord-264300-6qp0ymi2.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-264300-6qp0ymi2.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32763553/
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113295
abstract: nan
summary:
  Comment on "Loneliness: A signature mental health concern in the era of COVID-19" Angelina R. Sutin*, Martina Luchetti, and We read the recent Letter to the Editor by Killgore and colleagues (2020) in Psychiatry Research on loneliness during COVID-19 and found it to be a timely issue of broad interest. A second study that compared the prevalence of loneliness from 2018 to April 2020 in two national samples came to a similar conclusion: There was not a large increase in loneliness during the stay-at-home orders caused by the pandemic (McGinty et al., 2020) . In this letter, we compare the loneliness data of Killgore and colleagues to a more recent, nationally representative sample to re-evaluate their conclusion. Bruce and colleagues reported mean loneliness by age group that allows for more direct comparisons with the sample surveyed during the pandemic than the comparison group used by Killgore and colleagues.

title:
  Has loneliness increased during COVID-19? Comment on “Loneliness: A signature mental health concern in the era of COVID-19”


id: cord-270046-bxtez39p
author: Bourion-Bédès, Stéphanie
date: 2020-11-05
txt: ./txt/cord-270046-bxtez39p.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-270046-bxtez39p.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120332200?v=s5
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113559
summary:
  The study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and identify the factors associated with anxiety among French students during lockdown.A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect sociodemographic data, living and learning conditions, anxiety symptoms and social support. Based on this recent literature on the psychological impacts of the epidemic among students and because the Grand Est region was one of the three French regions that was most severely affected by the COVID-19 outbreak, the students from this area may be at particular risk of developing severe mental health issues. Thus, to evaluate their mental health and to understand student needs in order to develop interventions, this study aimed to assess the prevalence rate of anxiety and determine which sociodemographic, living conditions and health status characteristics could predict anxiety among French students during the lockdown due to the COVID-19 outbreak.

title:
  Psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on students in a French region severely affected by the disease: results of the PIMS-CoV 19 study

abstract:
  The COVID-19 has sent billions of students worldwide into lockdown. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and identify the factors associated with anxiety among French students during lockdown.A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect sociodemographic data, living and learning conditions, anxiety symptoms and social support. Among 3936 students, 15.2%, experienced moderate anxiety and 9.8%, severe anxiety.Female gender (OR=2.2, 95% CI: 1.8-2.7) and having relatives or acquaintances from their housing hospitalized for COVID-19 (OR=3.3, 95% CI: 1.4-7.9) were the main risk factors for anxiety. Tensions at home (OR=1.8, 95% CI: 1.5-2.1), difficulties isolating (OR=1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.6), noises inside (OR=1.6, 95% CI: 1.3-1.9) or outside the housing (OR=1.5, 95% CI: 1.3-1.8), no direct outdoor access (OR=1.6, 95% CI: 1.3-2.0), delay in final examination (OR=1.6, 95% CI: 1.3-2.1), reduced time for learning (OR=1.3, 95% CI: 1.1-1.6), increased tobacco consumption (OR=1.9, 95% CI: 1.4-2.6), ineffectiveness of using media entertainment (OR=2.2, 95% CI: 1.1-4.4) and reading (OR=1.9, 95% CI: 1.3-2.7) to calm down, were identified as risk factors. Family (OR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.8-0.91) and friend (OR=0.88, 95% CI: 0.82-0.94) support were protective factors. This suggests the need to focus on students during epidemics, especially those living with someone hospitalized with COVID-19.


id: cord-270570-wttom8eh
title: Loneliness: A signature mental health concern in the era of COVID-19
author: Killgore, William D.S.
date: 2020-05-23
txt: ./txt/cord-270570-wttom8eh.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-270570-wttom8eh.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165178120312257
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113117
summary:
  In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, most communities in the United States imposed stay-at-home orders to mitigate the spread of the novel coronavirus, potentially leading to chronic social isolation. We hypothesized that the prolonged social isolation enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic may increase feelings of loneliness, a key contributor to mental health problems such as depression and suicide (Stickley and Koyanagi, 2016) . To assess the impact of current social isolation on loneliness and mental health, we administered the UCLA Loneliness Scale-3 (Russell, 1996) , a validated metric of the construct of loneliness, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) (Kroenke et al., 2001) , a widely used screening measure for depression, to a nationally representative sample of 1,013 (18-35 years old; 567 females; 446 males) English speaking U.S. adults. While causation cannot be inferred from cross-sectional data, the present findings are consistent with the notion that the prolonged stay-at-home efforts enacted during the pandemic are likely severely increasing loneliness and social disconnection among many people.

abstract:
  In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, most communities in the United States imposed stay-at-home orders to mitigate the spread of the novel coronavirus, potentially leading to chronic social isolation. During the third week of shelter-in-place guidelines, 1,013 U.S. adults completed the UCLA Loneliness Scale-3 and Public Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Loneliness was elevated, with 43% of respondents scoring above published cutoffs, and was strongly associated with greater depression and suicidal ideation. Loneliness is a critical public health concern that must be considered during the social isolation efforts to combat the pandemic.


id: cord-273331-pu4cr3bh
author: Pinkham, Amy E.
date: 2020-10-01
txt: ./txt/cord-273331-pu4cr3bh.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-273331-pu4cr3bh.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165178120331541
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113493
summary:
  OBJECTIVE: Individuals with severe mental illnesses (SMI), including schizophrenia spectrum illnesses and affective disorders, may be at increased risk for negative mental health outcomes related to the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: 148 individuals with SMI (92 with schizophrenia spectrum illnesses and 56 with affective disorders) were recruited from ongoing ecological momentary assessment studies that sampled day-to-day experiences and symptom severity prior to the pandemic. The key aim of this report is therefore to compare prepandemic and current symptom ratings to identify the impact of the pandemic on mental health among individuals with pre-existing SMI. The effect of the pandemic on affective experiences, symptoms, and behavioral health (i.e., sleep and substance use) was then assessed via a series of repeated measures ANOVAs that used time as the within-subject variable (pre-pandemic EMA averages vs.

title:
  A Longitudinal Investigation of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Individuals with Pre-existing Severe Mental Illnesses

abstract:
  OBJECTIVE: Individuals with severe mental illnesses (SMI), including schizophrenia spectrum illnesses and affective disorders, may be at increased risk for negative mental health outcomes related to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study compared the severity of pre-pandemic symptoms and affective experiences to current symptoms to evaluate this possibility. METHODS: 148 individuals with SMI (92 with schizophrenia spectrum illnesses and 56 with affective disorders) were recruited from ongoing ecological momentary assessment studies that sampled day-to-day experiences and symptom severity prior to the pandemic. Participants completed a one-time phone survey that queried these same experiences/symptoms between April and June of 2020. RESULTS: Severity of affective experiences and psychotic symptoms remained stable across time, as did sleep duration. Well-being and the number of substances used increased during the early months of the pandemic. Increases in well-being were associated with being female and spending less time alone pre-pandemic. Patterns of stability/change did not differ according to diagnostic category. CONCLUSIONS: At this relatively early stage, individuals with SMI are not reporting a worsening of symptoms or affective experiences and instead appear to be resilient in the face of the pandemic. Continued assessment is needed to determine whether this resilience will persist as the pandemic progresses.


id: cord-273638-mmlwh87u
author: Tso, Ivy F.
date: 2020-08-23
txt: ./txt/cord-273638-mmlwh87u.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-273638-mmlwh87u.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32871487/
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113423
summary:
  Thus, Hong Kong is a model case for the population-wide practice of effective social distancing and provides an opportunity to examine the impact of loneliness on mental health during the COVID-19.  We conducted an online survey to examine the impact of loneliness on mental health during COVID-19 in Hong Kong, a model case for the population-wide practice of effective social distancing. Further studies are needed to confirm the role of loneliness in mental health during COVID-19 with important factors likely impacting wellbeing controlled, and extend the investigation from depression and anxiety to other mental health concerns such as substance use and symptoms indicative of more severe disorders (e.g., psychosis).

title:
  Alarming levels of psychiatric symptoms and the role of loneliness during the COVID-19 epidemic: A case study of Hong Kong

abstract:
  Public health strategies to curb the spread of the coronavirus involve sheltering at home and social distancing are effective in reducing the transmission rate, but the unintended consequences of prolonged social isolation on mental health have not been investigated. We focused on Hong Kong for its very rapid and comprehensive response to the pandemic and strictly enacted social distancing protocols. Thus, Hong Kong is a model case for the population-wide practice of effective social distancing and provides an opportunity to examine the impact of loneliness on mental health during the COVID-19. We conducted an anonymous online survey of 432 residents in Hong Kong to examine psychological distress in the community. The results indicate a dire situation with respect to mental health. An astonishing 65.6% (95% C.I. = [60.6%, 70.4%]) of the respondents reported clinical levels of depression, anxiety, and/or stress. Moreover, 22.5% (95% C.I. = [18.2%, 27.2%]) of the respondents were showing signs of psychosis risk. Subjective feelings of loneliness, but not social network size, were associated with increased psychiatric symptoms. To mitigate the potential epidemic of mental illness in the near future, there is an urgent need to prepare clinicians, caregivers and stakeholders to focus on loneliness.


id: cord-273794-gvjwvabm
title: SCHIZOPHRENIA AND COVID-19 DELIRIUM.
author: Palomar-Ciria, Nora
date: 2020-05-27
txt: ./txt/cord-273794-gvjwvabm.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-273794-gvjwvabm.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120315754?v=s5
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113137
summary:
  In this work, we present the case of a man diagnosed with schizophrenia, who had been stable for more than 20 years and that presented with an atypical picture of psychotic and confusional symptoms related to COVID-19 infection. In this work, we present the case of a man diagnosed with schizophrenia, who had been stable for more than 20 years and that presented with an atypical picture of psychotic and confusional symptoms related to COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 has already had a great impact in the general population worldwide and patients diagnosed with schizophrenia are at greater risk of infection and its consequences, due to difficulties following preventive rules and the presence of other medical comorbidities. On top on that, patients with schizophrenia are usually overlooked though that disorder may represent a greater risk of medical comorbidities and increased risk of COVID-19 infection, even when hospitalized.

abstract:
  Since its outbreak, coronavirus disease 2019 has been producing atypical manifestations aside from fever, coughing and dysnea. One of the most common is delirium, which, however, is highly overlooked. This has consequences in the treatment of patients and also may lead to underdiagnosing the infection. In this work, we present the case of a man diagnosed with schizophrenia, who had been stable for more than 20 years and that presented with an atypical picture of psychotic and confusional symptoms related to COVID-19 infection.


id: cord-276423-8rwmrl0l
author: Mota, Pedro
date: 2020-05-28
txt: ./txt/cord-276423-8rwmrl0l.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-276423-8rwmrl0l.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113142
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113142
abstract: nan
summary:
  Globally, SUDs are estimated to have a prevalence of 100.4 million persons for alcohol, 22.1 million for cannabis and 26.8 million for opioids (GBD 2016 Alcohol and Drug Use Collaborators, 2018) , and social and mental health support is crucial for people trying to recover from SUD, whereas social isolation is a risk factor for relapse. In addition, excessive alcohol consumption may lead to a weakened immune system, increasing a person''s susceptibility to pneumonia (Sarkar, et al., 2015) , making this population particularly vulnerable to COVID-19. People who started using drugs as a way to help with their suffering caused by the changes imposed by the pandemic, as well as those who already used them or accessed substance abuse treatment services may be particularly at risk during the current COVID-19 pandemic.

title:
  Avoiding a new epidemic during a pandemic: the importance of assessing the risk of substance use disorders in the COVID-19 era.


id: cord-277824-q7blp3we
title: Role of electronic media in mitigating the psychological impacts of novel coronavirus (COVID-19)
author: Bilal
date: 2020-04-29
txt: ./txt/cord-277824-q7blp3we.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-277824-q7blp3we.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165178120309380
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113041
summary:
  The current research initiative focuses on the role of Pakistani media in eliminating panic and depression among health practitioners and the general public due to the outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19). The current research initiative focuses on the role of Pakistani media in eliminating panic and depression among health practitioners and the general public due to the outbreak of novel coronavirus . This particular study aims to study the role of Pakistani media in reducing the mental stress of the public and enhancing the motivation level of the healthcare service providers during the COVID-19 pandemic. What about children who are the future of our society and are already suffering from boredom and depression during the current situation, therefore media should play its role in arranging some special programs aimed at promoting learning activities for children and it will be beneficial for the mental and physical developments of these children who are the future of 

abstract:
  The current research initiative focuses on the role of Pakistani media in eliminating panic and depression among health practitioners and the general public due to the outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19). In Pakistan, electronic media is the most common source of information due to the higher rural population and the lower literacy rate and media's handling of COVID-19 coverage so far creates panic and depression. We suggest that special televised transmissions featuring psychologists and physiatrists should be aired to reduce the panic. Media also mitigates the stress of frontline medical staff by paying special attributes to them.


id: cord-281807-9ji263b7
title: “That which does not kill us, makes us stronger”: COVID-19 and Posttraumatic Growth
author: Tamiolaki, Alexandra
date: 2020-04-30
txt: ./txt/cord-281807-9ji263b7.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-281807-9ji263b7.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32388177/
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113044
abstract: nan
summary:
  Growth occurs when people in the aftermath of trauma engage in a deliberate cognitive restructuring of reality, by changing their life narrative to include a better understanding of the self, the others, and the world (Tedeschi and Calhoun, 1996) . (2006) , although a high percentage of people experienced feelings of worry, helplessness, isolation, irritation, sleeping problems and many other negative mental health effects during the SARS outbreak, for a proportion of people, SARS was also considered a chance for positive outcomes. They experienced ''social growth'', as they reported greater care about their family members'' feelings, were more likely to be spending time together and considered their friends more supportive. Also, they learnt to be grateful and appreciate their health, family, friends and everyday life, all of which are aspects of ''spiritual growth'' (Lau et al., 2006 Posttraumatic stress symptoms and attitude toward crisis mental health services among clinically stable patients with COVID-19 in China The posttraumatic growth inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma


id: cord-286222-8gfo2c87
author: Chandra, Dr Prabha S
date: 2020-05-27
txt: ./txt/cord-286222-8gfo2c87.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-286222-8gfo2c87.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113136
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113136
abstract: nan
summary:
  Type of manuscript: Correspondence (Letter to the Editor) Title: COVID 19 related Psychosis as an interface of fears, socio-cultural issues and vulnerability-case report of two women from India Authors: Prabha S Chandra a *, Lakshmi Shiva a , Sachin Nagendrappa a , Sundarnag Ganjekar a ,Harish Thippeswamy a Affiliations: a.National institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru-560029, India There have been reports of heightened anxiety about COVID 19 leading to psychosis and related psychopathology (Brown et al., 2020; D Rentero et al., 2020; Vald''es-Florido et al., 2020) . Women who are vulnerable either due to personality factors, a family history or those in the perinatal period may be at risk for psychotic symptoms precipitated by high levels of COVID related anxiety (Wu et al., 2020) . Ms. R a 34-year old married housekeeper with two children, who had migrated recently to the city, presented with a two day history of being extremely fearful that she would get COVID 19 infection and her family and she would die.

title:
  COVID 19 related Psychosis as an interface of fears, socio-cultural issues and vulnerability- case report of two women from India


id: cord-287707-ng0ha3vv
author: Pal, Arghya
date: 2020-06-04
txt: ./txt/cord-287707-ng0ha3vv.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-287707-ng0ha3vv.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165178120317406
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113178
abstract: nan
summary:
  title: ''Masking'' of the mental state: unintended consequences of personal protective equipment (PPE) on psychiatric clinical practice ''Masking'' of the mental state: unintended consequences of personal protective equipment (PPE) on psychiatric clinical practice "When your face says it all, your mouth waits its turn"this quotation by Anthony T. The mental state examination (MSE) derives significantly from simple observation of someone"s facial expressions and body language, in addition to clinical questions. The use of masks hampers the observation of facial expressions which is very important for any MSE. Apart from the difficulties in conducting MSE, PPE may also pose a barrier to observe some clinical signs which are as important to psychiatry as for other medical disciplines, e.g., injuries, pallor, icterus, cyanosis, etc. It would be highly beneficial for psychiatrists and patients alike if the national or international psychiatric bodies can prepare guidelines while weighing all the pros and cons, to conduct interviews and MSEs during the current pandemic.

title:
  ‘Masking’ of the mental state: unintended consequences of personal protective equipment (PPE) on psychiatric clinical practice


id: cord-288022-xh10ccki
title: Stressors of nurses in psychiatric hospitals during the COVID-19 outbreak
author: Wu, Dongmei
date: 2020-04-14
txt: ./txt/cord-288022-xh10ccki.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-288022-xh10ccki.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165178120305783
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112956
abstract: nan
summary:
  title: Stressors of nurses in psychiatric hospitals during the COVID-19 outbreak This was the first novel coronavirus epidemic in psychiatric hospitals in China. The participants worked in a psychiatric hospital with more than 1200 inpatients during the COVID-19 outbreak located in Chengdu city, Sichuan Province, in the west of China. In addition, although general clinics were closed, 3 to 5 psychiatric patients with severe symptoms, especially aggressive behaviors, were admitted from the emergency room every day. The lack of contingency plans for public health emergencies in the psychiatric hospital also brought big challenges to nurses'' daily work. "I have been working in the psychiatric hospital for 14 years, but recently I feel so sorry for being a psychiatry nurse. Psychiatric hospitals should better care for mental patients during novel coronavirus outbreak The risk and Prevention of novel coronavirus pneumonia infections among inpatients in psychiatric hospitals


id: cord-292721-954nxptr
title: The Role of Perceived Social Support on Depression and Sleep during the COVID-19 Pandemic
author: Grey, Ian
date: 2020-09-18
txt: ./txt/cord-292721-954nxptr.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-292721-954nxptr.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165178120331139
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113452
summary:
  A total of 2,020 participants provided responses to an online cross-sectional survey comprised of validated instruments including the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), the nine item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Brief Irritability Test (BITe) and the UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS). In light of the foregoing discussion, the primary objective of our study was to comprehensively examine the role of perceived social support in relation to depression, anxiety, irritability and sleep quality amongst individuals undergoing social isolation during the COVID-19 outbreak. The first step in the analysis involved comparing scores for depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), irritability (BITe), loneliness (UCLA-LS) and perceived social support (MSPSS) between those who reported being in quarantine/expiring selfisolation and those who were not. In the current study, perceived social support was observed to have significant inverse associations with anxiety, depression, loneliness, irritability and quality of sleep with higher levels of support related to lower scores on measures of these specific outcomes.

abstract:
  The aim of the present study was to examine the role of perceived social support pertaining to a range of psychological health outcomes amongst individuals undergoing social isolation and social distancing during COVID-19. A total of 2,020 participants provided responses to an online cross-sectional survey comprised of validated instruments including the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), the nine item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Brief Irritability Test (BITe) and the UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS). Individuals experiencing self-isolation had significantly higher rates of depression, irritability and loneliness compared to those who were not. The risk for elevated levels of depression symptoms was 63% lower in individuals who reported higher levels of social support compared to those with low perceived social support. Similarly, those with high social support had a 52% lower risk of poor sleep quality compared to those with low social support. Social support was found to be significantly associated with elevated risk for depression and sleep quality. The results contribute to our understanding of differential psychological outcomes for individuals experiencing anti-pandemic measures.


id: cord-293986-skp6tiun
author: Millard, Hun
date: 2020-07-24
txt: ./txt/cord-293986-skp6tiun.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-293986-skp6tiun.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165178120320096
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113324
summary:
  title: COVID-19 Psychiatric Patients: Impact of Variability in Testing on Length of Hospital Stay and Disposition Back to Congregate Care Settings 184• Coronavirus (COVID) impact on hospital psychiatric inpatient units; 184• Testing versus symptom based strategies that impact psychiatric inpatient treatment; 184• Challenges in discharging medically and psychiatrically stable COVID patients back to their congregate care living facilities. While frontline healthcare workers have provided heroic treatment to those seriously ill from COVID, clinical care has also been altered for a subset of hospital patients who test positive but are asymptomatic. There has been a growing number of patients who live in community congregate care settings who face a unique barrier to discharge even after reaching psychiatric stability because of their COVID positive status. Due to variability in testing and reluctance of congregate care facilities to accept COVID patients back into the community, the authors experienced many cases in which hospital discharge was delayed anywhere from 7 to 47 days.

title:
  COVID-19 Psychiatric Patients: Impact of Variability in Testing on Length of Hospital Stay and Disposition Back to Congregate Care Settings

abstract:
  184• Coronavirus (COVID) impact on hospital psychiatric inpatient units; 184• Testing versus symptom based strategies that impact psychiatric inpatient treatment; 184• Challenges in discharging medically and psychiatrically stable COVID patients back to their congregate care living facilities.


id: cord-296207-77dbdxjt
author: Lenno, Jack C.
date: 2020-05-11
txt: ./txt/cord-296207-77dbdxjt.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-296207-77dbdxjt.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113066
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113066
summary:
  This archival study focuses specifically on suicide fatalities in relation to unintentional and undetermined injury fatalities in an effort to determine whether or not these rates are rising consistently. This article focuses specifically on suicide fatalities as they relate to unintentional and undetermined injury fatalities deemed nonsuicidal in an effort to determine whether or not these rates are rising consistently with those attributed to suicide. While confounding cannot be avoided, this study illuminates several areas for growth and improvement in suicide research, such as factors related to ethnicity, sex, death reporting, and how between-group data SUICIDE & UNINTENTIONAL INJURY FATALITIES 14 should be reported to ensure clarity in clinical settings. There exist clear associations between unintentional injury fatalities and suicide deaths, with interesting rate discrepancies over the course of time that may be related to confounds noted in this article, as well as others that may not be on our radars.

title:
  Unintentional Injury Fatalities in the Context of Rising U.S. Suicide Rates: A Five-Year Review of the Web-Based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System

abstract:
  This archival study focuses specifically on suicide fatalities in relation to unintentional and undetermined injury fatalities in an effort to determine whether or not these rates are rising consistently. This question may serve to inform whether or not suicides are being accurately reported and documented. Data from all 50 states from the years 2012-2016 were obtained from the Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A total of 213,726 suicide fatalities, 702,176 unintentional injury fatalities, and 24,533 undetermined injury fatalities comprised the dataset. Injury fatality rates depicted annual increases in both suicide and unintentional injury fatalities but variability in undetermined injury fatalities. Bivariate analyses discovered a statistically significant association between annual suicide fatality rates and unintentional (nonsuicidal) injury fatality rates. It would be suspected, ceteris paribus, that calculated rate changes over these years would follow suit. However, this was not observed. Given the trends and increasing stigma surrounding suicide, it is worth considering the degree to which suicides may be underreported or -documented and the epidemiological and translational ramifications of these trends as they pertain to future suicide research.


id: cord-296708-b37jcj4f
title: Is it correct to estimate mental disorder through online surveys during COVID-19 pandemic?
author: Sagar, Rajesh
date: 2020-06-22
txt: ./txt/cord-296708-b37jcj4f.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-296708-b37jcj4f.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016517812031982X?v=s5
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113251
abstract: nan
summary:
  title: Is it correct to estimate mental disorder through online surveys during COVID-19 pandemic? Since then, there have been multiple research articles on psychological impact of COVID-19 and the situation associated with it (e.g. quarantine, social isolation, physical distancing, etc.). 2, 3 The rates of psychiatric disorders through various online surveys have come out to be much higher than general population. [2] [3] [4] However, it is important to note that the validity of diagnosis based on checklist items in online surveys is not similar to face-to-face interviews, as psychiatric diagnosis are different form medical diagnosis, which is largely pathophysiological. It was emphasized in the UNIVERSAL online survey of World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) that overestimation is likely. 4 In the same study the term "depressive symptoms" was used but also mentioned generalised anxiety disorder without significant dysfunction/distress criterion . Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey


id: cord-300617-sntnel5p
title: Derailment as a Risk Factor for Greater Mental Health Issues following Pandemic
author: Hill, Patrick L.
date: 2020-05-13
txt: ./txt/cord-300617-sntnel5p.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-300617-sntnel5p.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32405113/
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113093
abstract: nan
summary:
  Given the need for mental health professionals to target interventions and limited resources to those most in need, we suggest there is value for mental RUNNING HEAD: Derailment in a Pandemic 2 health professionals to assess these feelings of derailment -an individual''s sense of disconnection from their past selves, life directions, and motivations (Burrow, Hill, Ratner, & Fuller-Rowell, 2020) . When considering the current environment, the COVID-19 pandemic presents with several factors that researchers for decades have suggested will lead to greater impact from major life events (for a review, see Luhmann, Fassbender, Alcock, & Haehner, 2020) . Namely, derailment captures not only a sense of perceived self-change but also whether individuals feel that their motivations and life directions have been continuous over time. As such, derailment may be an especially important indicator of who is in greater need of mental health care in this time of crisis, by helping to identify those individuals most susceptible to trauma rather than resilience following the event.


id: cord-302117-u7egknq6
author: Zhang, Stephen X.
date: 2020-04-04
txt: ./txt/cord-302117-u7egknq6.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-302117-u7egknq6.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32283450/
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112958
summary:
  title: Unprecedented disruption of lives and work: Health, distress and life satisfaction of working adults in China one month into the COVID-19 outbreak On Feb 20–21, 2020, we surveyed 369 adults in 64 cities in China that varied in their rates of confirmed coronavirus cases on their health conditions, distress and life satisfaction. In this article, we aim to use existing scales of health, distress and life satisfaction to identify the health and wellbeing of people one month into the disruption caused by confinement measures to contain COVID-19 outbreak by their work status, chronic health conditions, and exercising hours. People who worked in the office, worked at home, or had stopped working differed in health (SF12) and distress (K6) Table 2 shows the results of regressing SF12 on the job status of the participants one month into the COVID-19 outbreak.

title:
  Unprecedented disruption of lives and work: Health, distress and life satisfaction of working adults in China one month into the COVID-19 outbreak

abstract:
  We assess the health and wellbeing of normal adults living and working after one month of confinement to contain the COVID-19 outbreak in China. On Feb 20–21, 2020, we surveyed 369 adults in 64 cities in China that varied in their rates of confirmed coronavirus cases on their health conditions, distress and life satisfaction. 27% of the participants worked at the office, 38% resorted to working from home, and 25% stopped working due to the outbreak. Those who stopped working reported worse mental and physical health conditions as well as distress. The severity of COVID-19 in an individual's home city predicts their life satisfaction, and this relationship is contingent upon individuals’ existing chronic health issues and their hours of exercise. Our evidence supports the need to pay attention to the health of people who were not infected by the virus, especially for people who stopped working during the outbreak. Our results highlight that physically active people might be more susceptible to wellbeing issues during the lockdown. Policymakers who are considering introducing restrictive measures to contain COVID-19 may benefit from understanding such health and wellbeing implications.


id: cord-302240-wpwwetrs
author: Hölzle, Patricia
date: 2020-06-05
txt: ./txt/cord-302240-wpwwetrs.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-302240-wpwwetrs.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120317169?v=s5
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113175
abstract: nan
summary:
  Two months after the beginning of the lock-down with social distancing, job losses and fear of infection, we have examined a sample of psychiatric inpatients in the middle of May 2020 in order to quantify mental and somatic distress and compare between different diagnostic groups. The following scores were used: Clinical Global Impression (CGI; Billen et al., 2020) ; the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS; Klein et al., 2016) , and a summary score of Stress-Related Somatic complaints (SRS): headache, lower back pain, exhaustion, difficulties falling asleep, insomnia, irritability, hostility, restlessness, boredom, altered eating habits, maldigestion scores for each item was between 0 for "never" and 6 for "almost permanently". There were no significant differences between the F1 (dependence), F2 (psychosis) and F3 (affective disorders) groups regarding the CGI-score. PSS and SRS were highest in the affective disorders group compared to the rest of the sample (ANOVA; both p ≤ 0.0001). The subgroup with affective disorders showed the highest correlations between CGI and PSS or SRS, whereas no such relationship at all was observed in the schizophrenia and related disorders group.

title:
  COVID-19 distresses the depressed while schizophrenic patients are unimpressed: a study on psychiatric inpatients


id: cord-312356-95yyi0jb
title: The impact of COVID-19 on Acute Psychiatric Inpatient Unit
author: Hernández-Huerta, Daniel
date: 2020-05-19
txt: ./txt/cord-312356-95yyi0jb.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-312356-95yyi0jb.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113107
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113107
abstract: nan
summary:
  Moreover, mental health staff often has inadequate training on the management of respiratory infectious diseases, which adds to some features of patients with pre-existing mental health conditions, such as inadequate insight or psychomotor excitement, being unable to practice infection control measures, as well as limited awareness regarding the risk of infection, that may contribute to the transmission of COVID-19. We are also facing new diagnostic challenges, as many patients admitted to the psychiatric ward are simultaneously been treated for COVID-19. Regrettably, because of the shortage of isolation rooms for SARS-CoV-2 positive cases who suffer from mental illness decompensation comorbidities, physical restraint practices could increase in order to guarantee confinement and infection control measures. We call for the creation of state policies that mitigate the health impact of such catastrophe, with urgency in relation to patients at Acute Psychiatric Inpatient Units. The COVID-19 outbreak and psychiatric hospitals in China: managing challenges through mental health service reform


id: cord-314014-d9jwy5b6
author: Duan, Hongxia
date: 2020-08-18
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113396
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113396
title:
  Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general Chinese population: Changes, predictors and psychosocial correlates

abstract:
  The current COVID-19 pandemic is not only a threat to physical health, but also brings a burden to mental health in the general Chinese population. However, the temporal change of mental health status due to pandemic-related stress in relation to protective and risk factors to hostility is less known. This study was implemented at two timepoints, i.e., during the peak and the remission of the COVID-19 pandemic. 3233 Chinese individuals participated in the first wave, and among them 1390 participants were followed in a second wave. The result showed that fear significantly decreased over time, while depression level significantly increased during the second wave compared to the first wave of the survey. Younger age, lower-income, increased level of perceived stress, and current quarantine experience were significant predictors of depression escalation. Younger people and individuals who had a higher initial stress response tended to show more hostility. Furthermore, the use of negative coping strategy plays a potential intermediating role in the stress-related increase in hostility, while social support acts as a buffer in hostility in the general population under high stress. As the whole world is facing the same pandemic, this research provides several implications for public mental health intervention.


id: cord-314874-6ey87o16
title: COMMENTARY TO “SCHIZOPHRENIA AND COVID-19 DELIRIUM”, AN UPDATE
author: Palomar-Ciria, Nora
date: 2020-11-04
txt: ./txt/cord-314874-6ey87o16.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-314874-6ey87o16.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165178120332169
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113555
abstract: nan
summary:
  Since the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 19 , atypical presentations that include neuropsychiatric conditions have been observed in infected patients (Nalleballe et al., 2020; Rogers et al., 2020) . Neuropsychiatric symptoms are present in more than half the cases (Romero-Sánchez et al., 2020) . Catatonia is a rare neuropsychiatric condition that has been rarely associated to COVID-19 (Caan et al., 2020) . COVID-19 exhibits potential neurotropic properties and we must reinforce the idea that catatonic signs could be observed, especially in psychiatric patients, who are a population at risk of this new disease. As knowledge on the medical aspects of the infection increases, research on the psychiatric symptoms of COVID-19 should be warranted. Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric presentations associated with severe coronavirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis with comparison to the COVID-19 pandemic Neurologic manifestations in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: The ALBACOVID registry


id: cord-315200-4texyck8
title: The other side of COVID-19: Impact on obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and hoarding
author: Banerjee, Dr Debanjan
date: 2020-04-11
txt: ./txt/cord-315200-4texyck8.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-315200-4texyck8.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165178120306958
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112966
abstract: nan
summary:
  Since COVID-19 was declared as a pandemic by WHO with strict emphasis on washing and disinfection, various media sources have focused on the distress of patients with OCD, increased reporting to the hospitals and first-person accounts of their difficulties. It is well-established that people with pre-existing mental disorders are more prone for relapses, defaulting on medications, stress, stigma, poor self-care and suicidality during pandemics. Especially in developing countries like India, where OC symptoms are also considered to be culture-bound and religion-laden in certain areas, it is difficult to sensitize people and their families to what is ''excessive'' washing in a context where everyone is panicking to follow the precautionary instructions. Psychoeducation of the patients and families, debunking misinformation about the pandemic, facilitating tele-consults and online psychotherapy, using the psychiatric social work support to follow-up on severe and treatment resistant patients, ensuring drug compliance are necessary steps to help people who are in need.


id: cord-318311-aakpbbvl
author: Du, Na
date: 2020-05-30
txt: ./txt/cord-318311-aakpbbvl.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-318311-aakpbbvl.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120313056?v=s5
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113109
abstract: nan
summary:
  After the outbreak, our hospital quickly adopted a series of countermeasures, including the establishment of fever clinics to screen patients for suspected COVID-19 infections, prohibiting family visits in closed inpatient wards, and extending the closed management mode to all departments. Referring to the nosocomial infection incident in Harbin, our hospital has updated a new screening procedure for all newly admitted patients to prevent the import of infections. A. Patients with fever, epidemiological history, or respiratory symptoms within 14 days must enter the fever clinic to complete blood routine examination, CRP, chest CT, and nucleic acid sampling. If the blood routine and chest CT results are not abnormal, and the suspected infection of COVID-19 is excluded, the patient can be admitted to the hospital and isolated in a single room. Otherwise, if the patient''s chest CT and blood routine suggest viral infection, the patient must wait for the nucleic acid test result in the fever clinic.

title:
  The experience of prevention measures taken by the psychiatric hospital during the emergence of asymptomatic patients with COVID-19


id: cord-320509-3a40djjm
author: Benke, Christoph
date: 2020-09-18
txt: ./txt/cord-320509-3a40djjm.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-320509-3a40djjm.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120331231?v=s5
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113462
summary:
  Specifically, we examined the effects of different forms and levels of restriction resulting from public health measures (e.g. quarantine, stay-at-home order) on anxiety and depression symptomatology, health anxiety, loneliness, the occurrence of fearful spells, psychosocial distress and life-satisfaction. However, studies on the effects of different forms and levels of restrictions resulting from public health measures (e.g., stay-at-home orders, being quarantined or reduction of social contacts) on mental health are scarce. For the first time, this study investigated sociodemographic and COVID-19 related factors and, specifically, the role of such different types of governmentally imposed lockdown measures for depressive and anxiety symptoms as well as other health outcomes across all federal states of Germany. In the present study, we found that a higher level of restrictions due to lockdown measures was associated with more loneliness, higher psychosocial distress and lower life-satisfaction but was not related to anxiety and depressive symptomatology or fearful spells.

title:
  Lockdown, quarantine measures, and social distancing: Associations with depression, anxiety and distress at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic among adults from Germany

abstract:
  The COVID-19 pandemic is suggested to have a negative impact on mental health. To prevent the spread of Sars-CoV-2, governments worldwide have implemented different forms of public health measures ranging from physical distancing recommendations to stay-at-home orders, which have disrupted individuals’ everyday life tremendously. However, evidence on the associations of the COVID-19 pandemic and public health measures with mental health are limited so far. In this study, we investigated the role of sociodemographic and COVID-19 related factors for immediate mental health consequences in a nationwide community sample of adults from Germany (N = 4335). Specifically, we examined the effects of different forms and levels of restriction resulting from public health measures (e.g. quarantine, stay-at-home order) on anxiety and depression symptomatology, health anxiety, loneliness, the occurrence of fearful spells, psychosocial distress and life-satisfaction. We found that higher restrictions due to lockdown measures, a greater reduction of social contacts and greater perceived changes in life were associated with higher mental health impairments. Importantly, a subjectively assumed but not an officially announced stay-at-home order was associated with poorer mental health. Our findings underscore the importance of adequate risk communication and targeted mental health recommendations especially for vulnerable groups during these challenging times.


id: cord-321497-c7l88gjn
author: Tull, Matthew T.
date: 2020-05-12
txt: ./txt/cord-321497-c7l88gjn.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-321497-c7l88gjn.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113098
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113098
summary:
  This study examined relations of both stay-at-home orders and the perceived impact of COVID-19 on daily life to psychological outcomes (depression, health anxiety, financial worry, social support, and loneliness) in a nationwide U.S. community adult sample (N = 500; 47% women, mean age = 40). To extend this research to the psychological impact of COVID-19 in the U.S., the present study examined associations of stay-at-home orders and the perceived impact of COVID-19 on daily life to relevant psychological outcomes (i.e., depression, health anxiety, financial worry, perceived social support, and loneliness). Descriptive statistics for the primary variables of interest (stay-athome order status, perceived impact of COVID-19, depression symptom severity, health anxiety, financial worry, loneliness, and social support) were computed, as were point-biserial and Pearson product-moment correlations to examine zero-order associations among variables. The goal of the present study was to examine associations of stay-athome orders and the perceived impact of COVID-19 on daily life to relevant psychological outcomes (i.e., depression, health anxiety, financial worry, perceived social support, and loneliness).

title:
  Psychological Outcomes Associated with Stay-at-Home Orders and the Perceived Impact of COVID-19 on Daily Life

abstract:
  The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the widespread implementation of extraordinary physical distancing interventions (e.g., stay-at-home orders) to slow the spread of the virus. Although vital, these interventions may be socially and economically disruptive, contributing to adverse psychological outcomes. This study examined relations of both stay-at-home orders and the perceived impact of COVID-19 on daily life to psychological outcomes (depression, health anxiety, financial worry, social support, and loneliness) in a nationwide U.S. community adult sample (N = 500; 47% women, mean age = 40). Participants completed questionnaires assessing psychological outcomes, stay-at-home order status, and COVID-19’s impact on their daily life. Being under a stay-at-home order was associated with greater health anxiety, financial worry, and loneliness. Moreover, the perceived impact of COVID-19 on daily life was positively associated with health anxiety, financial worry, and social support, but negatively associated with loneliness. Findings highlight the importance of social connection to mitigate negative psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.


id: cord-323482-kk8iyavj
author: Muller, Researcher Ashley Elizabeth
date: 2020-09-01
txt: ./txt/cord-323482-kk8iyavj.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-323482-kk8iyavj.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113441
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113441
summary:
  We performed a rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on HCWs (healthcare workers). Our main aim was to perform an updated and more comprehensive rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize available research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers, including a) changes over time, b) prevalence of mental health problems and risk/resilience factors, c) strategies and resources used by healthcare providers to protect their own mental health, d) perceived need and preferences for interventions, and e) healthcare workers'' understandings of their own mental health during the pandemic. show the distribution of anxiety, depression, distress, and sleeping problems among the healthcare workers investigated in the 29 studies, using the authors'' own methods of assessing these outcomes The most commonly reported protective factor associated with reduced risk of mental health problems was having social support 48 ,58 ,69 ,74 .

title:
  The mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers, and interventions to help them: a rapid systematic review

abstract:
  The covid-19 pandemic has heavily burdened healthcare systems throughout the world. We performed a rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on HCWs (healthcare workers). We utilized the Norwegian Institute of Public Health's Live map of covid-19 evidence on 11 May and included 59 studies. Six reported on implementing interventions, but none reported on effects of the interventions. HCWs reported low interest in professional help, and greater reliance on social support and contact. Exposure to covid-19 was the most commonly reported correlate of mental health problems, followed by female gender, and worry about infection or about infecting others. Social support correlated with less mental health problems. HCWs reported anxiety, depression, sleep problems, and distress during the covid-19 pandemic. We assessed the certainty of the estimates of prevalence of these symptoms as very low using GRADE. Most studies did not report comparative data on mental health symptoms before the pandemic or in the general population. There seems to be a mismatch between risk factors for adverse mental health outcomes among HCWs in the current pandemic, their needs and preferences, and the individual psychopathology focus of current interventions.


id: cord-323775-sonsrf5b
author: Franchini, Linda
date: 2020-07-21
txt: ./txt/cord-323775-sonsrf5b.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-323775-sonsrf5b.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113317
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113317
summary:
  We described a telephone-based surveillance on 101 euthymic Mood Disorder outpatients in Milan by a non-standardized survey to evaluate reactions to lockdown measures and the presence of quarantine stressors. The present report aims at describing the telephone-based mental illness surveillance on Mood Disorder patients attending the Mood Disorder Outpatient Center at San Raffaele Hospital in Milan, with the aid of a non-standardized survey to evaluate reactions to lockdown measures. Among our sample, 76% of patients reported frustration due to restrictions, 53.5% fears about infection, 45.5% financial concerns, 44.5% psychic anxiety, 40.6% low mood, 36.6% somatization, 31.6% increased alertness, 29.7% insomnia, 20.8% self-medication with sedatives, 2.9% inadequate supplies. The purpose of our brief report is to describe the telephone-based mental illness surveillance on the quarantine effects in a sample of euthymic mood disorder patients who could not attend their scheduled psychiatric visit due to lockdown measures.

title:
  Mental Health Services For Mood Disorder Outpatients In Milan During COVID-19 Outbreak: the experience of the health care providers at San Raffaele Hospital

abstract:
  The spread of COVID-19 throughout Italy, particularly Lombardy, led to adopt quarantine measures, known to exacerbate pre-existing psychiatric conditions. We described a telephone-based surveillance on 101 euthymic Mood Disorder outpatients in Milan by a non-standardized survey to evaluate reactions to lockdown measures and the presence of quarantine stressors. Frustration was the most represented quarantine stressor. Being jobless was significantly related to the presence of frustration, somatization, increased alertness, psychic anxiety and low mood; younger age to the presence of psychic anxiety, alertness and financial concerns. No recurrences were observed at the time of writing.


id: cord-327976-pwe95zoi
author: Singh, Dr Shweta
date: 2020-08-24
txt: ./txt/cord-327976-pwe95zoi.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-327976-pwe95zoi.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S016517812031725X
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113429
summary:
  This paper is aimed at reviewing articles related to mental-health aspects of children and adolescents impacted by COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns. Aims: This paper is aimed at narratively reviewing various articles related to mental-health aspects of children and adolescents impacted by COVID-19 pandemic and enforcement of nationwide or regional lockdowns to prevent further spread of infection. Aims: This paper is aimed at narratively reviewing various articles related to mental-health aspects of children and adolescents impacted by COVID-19 pandemic and enforcement of nationwide or regional lockdowns to prevent further spread of infection. The following sections discuss about findings of studies on mental-health aspects of children and adolescents impacted by COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns being implemented at national or regional levels to prevent further spread of infection. Recommendations for ensuring mental well-being of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown and the role of parents, teachers, pediatricians, community volunteers, the health system and policy makers are being discussed.

title:
  Impact of COVID-19 and Lockdown on Mental Health of Children and Adolescents: A Narrative Review with Recommendations.

abstract:
  BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown has brought about a sense of fear and anxiety around the globe. This phenomenon has led to short term as well as long term psychosocial and mental health implications for children and adolescents. The quality and magnitude of impact on minors is determined by many vulnerability factors like developmental age, educational status, pre-existing mental health condition, being economically underprivileged or being quarantined due to infection or fear of infection. AIMS: This paper is aimed at narratively reviewing various articles related to mental-health aspects of children and adolescents impacted by COVID-19 pandemic and enforcement of nationwide or regional lockdowns to prevent further spread of infection. METHODOLOGY: We conducted a review and collected articles and advisories on mental health aspects of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. We selected articles and thematically organized them. We put up their major findings under the thematic areas of impact on young children, school and college going students, children and adolescents with mental health challenges, economically underprivileged children, impact due to quarantine and separation from parents and the advisories of international organizations. We have also provided recommendations to the above. CONCLUSION: There is a pressing need for planning longitudinal and developmental studies, and implementing evidence based elaborative plan of action to cater to the psycho social and mental health needs of the vulnerable children and adolescents during pandemic as well as post pandemic. There is a need to ameliorate children and adolescents’ access to mental health support services geared towards providing measures for developing healthy coping mechanisms during the current crisis. For this innovative child and adolescent mental health policies policies with direct and digital collaborative networks of psychiatrists, psychologists, paediatricians, and community volunteers are deemed necessary.


id: cord-333187-8p61xten
author: Norr, Aaron M.
date: 2020-08-17
txt: ./txt/cord-333187-8p61xten.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-333187-8p61xten.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165178120312804
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113394
summary:
  This study evaluated the Cognitive Anxiety Sensitivity Treatment (CAST), a previously developed computerized treatment that has shown efficacy in community samples for mental health symptoms including: anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, and suicidal ideation. Study aims were to: (1) collect user feedback from Veterans regarding the acceptability/usability of CAST and potential areas of improvement for use with Veterans, and; (2) investigate the preliminary efficacy of CAST in reducing mental health symptoms (anxiety, depression, and PTSD) among Veterans enrolled in VA primary care. After informed consent, participants completed baseline self-report measures that assessed demographics, current and past mental health treatment, as well as symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD. Results from the current study suggest that the single-session CAST program could be an acceptable, effective, and efficient way to provide evidence-based mental health care to VA primary care patients.

title:
  Pilot Trial of a Transdiagnostic Computerized Anxiety Sensitivity Intervention Among VA Primary Care Patients

abstract:
  People in need of mental health treatment do not access care at high rates or in a timely manner, inclusive of Veterans at Department of Veteran's Affairs (VA) medical centers. Barriers to care have been identified, and one potential solution is the use of technology-based interventions within primary care. This study evaluated the Cognitive Anxiety Sensitivity Treatment (CAST), a previously developed computerized treatment that has shown efficacy in community samples for mental health symptoms including: anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, and suicidal ideation. VA primary care patients with elevated anxiety sensitivity (N = 25) were recruited to participate in a mixed-method open pilot to examine acceptability, usability, and preliminary effectiveness in a VA primary care setting. Participants completed an initial visit, that included the intervention, and a one-month follow-up. Veterans found CAST to be generally acceptable, with strong usability ratings. Qualitative analyses identified areas of strength and areas for improvement for use with VA primary care Veterans. Repeated measures ANCOVAs revealed significant effects for symptoms of anxiety, depression, traumatic-stress, and suicidal ideation. CAST could potentially have a large public health impact if deployed across VA medical centers as a first-step intervention for a range of mental health presenting concerns.


id: cord-333875-alx5uc95
author: Rajkumar, Ravi Philip
date: 2020-05-05
txt: ./txt/cord-333875-alx5uc95.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-333875-alx5uc95.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32413712/
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113062
abstract: nan
summary:
  Of particular interest was the report in your journal about the potential of this outbreak to cause an exacerbation of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms in vulnerable patients (Banerjee, 2020) . While the phenomenological similarity described above is suggestive, more convincing evidence of an association between some dimensions of OCD and behaviours that minimize the risk of infection can be obtained from evolutionary theory. From an evolutionary perspective, disgust serves as a motivator in the avoidance of infectious disease, and has been linked most closely to the contamination/cleaning dimension of OCD. In conclusion, the above evidence suggests that there may be close links between some dimensions of OCD and behaviours that evolved to protect our ancestors from infectious disease, and which continue to do so now in a modified form. The other side of COVID-19: impact on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and hoarding

title:
  Contamination and infection: what the coronavirus pandemic could reveal about the evolutionary origins of obsessive-compulsive disorder


id: cord-333974-mvo2k2jt
title: Projected Increases in Suicide in Canada as a Consequence of COVID-19
author: McIntyre, Roger S.
date: 2020-05-19
txt: ./txt/cord-333974-mvo2k2jt.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-333974-mvo2k2jt.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113104
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113104
summary:
  Time-trend regression models were used to evaluate and predict the number of excess suicides in 2020 and 2021 for two possible projection scenarios following the COVID-19 pandemic: 1) an increase in unemployment of 1.6% in 2020, 1.2% in 2021, or 2) an increase in unemployment of 10.7% in 2020, 8.9% in 2021. We recently reported that the rapid rise in unemployment as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic is predicted to result in 3, 164 excess suicides between 2020 and 2021, representing a 3.3-8.4% increase in suicides per year from the 2018 rate of 48,432 suicides in the USA (McIntyre and Lee, 2020). Time-trend regression models were used to evaluate and predict the number of excess suicides attributable to the projected rise in unemployment rate following the COVID-19 pandemic.

abstract:
  Macroeconomic indicators, notably unemployment, are significant moderators of suicide. We projected the number of excess suicides in Canada as a consequence of the impact of COVID-19 on unemployment. Annual suicide mortality (2000-2018) and unemployment (2000-2019) data were derived from Statistics Canada. Time-trend regression models were used to evaluate and predict the number of excess suicides in 2020 and 2021 for two possible projection scenarios following the COVID-19 pandemic: 1) an increase in unemployment of 1.6% in 2020, 1.2% in 2021, or 2) an increase in unemployment of 10.7% in 2020, 8.9% in 2021. A percentage point increase in unemployment was associated with a 1.0% increase in suicide between 2000-2018. In the first scenario, the rise in unemployment rates resulted in a projected total of 418 excess suicides in 2020-2021 (suicide rate per 100,000: 11.6 in 2020). In the second scenario, the projected suicide rates per 100,000 increased to 14.0 in 2020 and 13.6 in 2021, resulting in 2,114 excess suicides in 2020-2021. These results indicate that suicide prevention in the context of COVID-19-related unemployment is a critical priority. Furthermore, timely access to mental healthcare, financial provisions and social/labour support programs, as well as optimal treatment for mental disorders is urgently needed.


id: cord-336942-2mvcyvbl
author: Liu, Cindy H.
date: 2020-06-01
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165178120311185
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113172
title:
  Factors Associated with Depression, Anxiety, and PTSD Symptomatology During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Clinical Implications for U.S. Young Adult Mental Health

abstract:
  This study sought to identify factors associated with depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptomatology in U.S. young adults (18-30 years) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional online study assessed 898 participants from April 13, 2020 to May 19, 2020, approximately one month after the U.S. declared a state of emergency due to COVID-19 and prior to the initial lifting of restrictions across 50 U.S. states. Respondents reported high levels of depression (43.3%, PHQ-8 scores ≥ 10), high anxiety scores (45.4%, GAD-7 scores ≥ 10), and high levels of PTSD symptoms (31.8%, PCL-C scores ≥ 45). High levels of loneliness, high levels of COVID-19-specific worries, and low distress tolerance were significantly associated with clinical levels of depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms. Resilience was associated with low levels of depression and anxiety symptoms but not PTSD. Most respondents had high levels of social support; social support from family, but not from partner or peers, was associated with low levels of depression and PTSD. Compared to Whites, Asian Americans were less likely to report high levels across mental health symptoms, and Hispanic/Latinos were less likely to report high levels of anxiety. These factors provide initial guidance regarding clinical management for COVID-19-related mental health problems.


id: cord-337020-7dhx8f4x
author: El Haj, Mohamad
date: 2020-07-13
txt: ./txt/cord-337020-7dhx8f4x.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-337020-7dhx8f4x.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016517812031252X?v=s5
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113294
summary:
  title: High depression and anxiety in people with Alzheimer''s disease living in retirement homes during the Covid-19 crisis We studied the mental health of participants with Alzheimer''s disease (AD) residing in retirement homes during the Covid-19 crisis. On-site colleagues were asked to verify, in the medical records, that a diagnosis of probable dementia AD was made by a neurologist or geriatrician according to clinical criteria developed by the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer''s Association criteria for probable Alzheimer''s disease (McKhann et al., 2011) and that the participants had been assessed with the Mini Mental State Exam (Folstein, Folstein, & McHugh, 1975) within three months before the study to provide an recent assessment of their cognitive status. We thus evaluated self-reported indicators of depression and anxiety to assess the mental health of participants with AD who have been living in retirement homes during the Covid-19 crisis.

title:
  High depression and anxiety in people with Alzheimer''s disease living in retirement homes during the Covid-19 crisis

abstract:
  To cope with Covid-19 and limits its spread among residents, retirement homes have prohibited physical contact between residents and families and friend and, in some cases, even between residents or between residents and caregivers. We investigated the effects of measures against Covid-19 on the mental health of participants with Alzheimer's disease (AD) who live in retirement homes in France. We instructed on-site caregivers to assess depression and anxiety in participants with mild AD who live in retirement homes. Fifty-eight participants consented to participate in the study. The participants rated their depression and anxiety during and before the Covid-19 crisis. Participants reported higher depression (p = .005) and anxiety (p = .004) during than before the Covid-19 crisis. These increases can be attributed to the isolation of the residents and/or to the drastic changes in their daily life and care they receive. While, in their effort to prevent infections, retirement homes are forced to physically separate residents from the outside world and to drastically reduce residents’ activities, these decisions are likely to come at a cost to residents with AD and their mental health.


id: cord-340535-78bpvtuf
title: Depression, Anxiety, Stress Levels of Physicians and Associated Factors In Covid-19 Pandemics
author: Elbay, Rümeysa Yeni
date: 2020-05-27
txt: ./txt/cord-340535-78bpvtuf.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-340535-78bpvtuf.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113130
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113130
summary:
  AIM: To investigate anxiety, stress, and depression levels of physicians during the Covid-19 outbreak and explored associated factors in both clinical and general site. Factors found to be associated with higher DAS-21 total scores in frontline workers were as follows: increased weekly working hours, increased number of Covid-19 patients cared for, lower level of support from peers and supervisors, lower logistic support, and lower feelings of competence during Covid-19 related tasks. In an early study investigating immediate psychological response during Covid-19 epidemic among general population in China, 53.8% of participants rated the psychological impact of the outbreak as moderate or severe (1) . In another study investigating long term psychological effects of SARS outbreak on healthcare workers, 23% of staff were found to have moderate or severe depressive symptoms in a 3year follow-up (4) . Based on this perspective, here, we aimed to investigate anxiety, stress and depression levels of physicians during Covid-19 outbreak and explored associated factors in both clinical and general site.

abstract:
  AIM: To investigate anxiety, stress, and depression levels of physicians during the Covid-19 outbreak and explored associated factors in both clinical and general site. METHODS: An online survey is conducted to asses psychological responses of healthcare workers and related factors during Covid-19 outbreak. It is consisted of three subsections covering the following areas: 1) sociodemographic data 2) information on individuals` working condition 3) Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DAS-21). RESULTS: Of all 442 participants, 286 (64.7%) had symptoms of depression, 224 (51.6%) anxiety, and 182 (41.2%) stress. Being female, young, and single, having less work experience, working in frontline were associated with higher scores, whereas having a child was associated with lower scores in each subscale. Factors found to be associated with higher DAS-21 total scores in frontline workers were as follows: increased weekly working hours, increased number of Covid-19 patients cared for, lower level of support from peers and supervisors, lower logistic support, and lower feelings of competence during Covid-19 related tasks. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the factors which need to be taken into consideration to protect the mental wellbeing of doctors while fighting with a disaster that has major impacts on society worldwide.


id: cord-341038-lomaz6pc
author: Odriozola-González, Paula
date: 2020-05-19
txt: ./txt/cord-341038-lomaz6pc.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-341038-lomaz6pc.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32450409/
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113108
summary:
  Students from Arts & Humanities and Social Sciences & Law showed higher scores related to anxiety, depression, stress and impact of event with respect to students from Engineering & Architecture. Sciences & Law showed higher scores related to anxiety, depression, stress and impact of event with respect to students from Engineering & Architecture. University staff presented lower scores in all measures compared to students, who seem to have suffered an important psychological impact during the first weeks of the COVID-19 lockdown. University staff presented lower scores in all measures compared to students, who seem to have suffered an important psychological impact during the first weeks of the COVID-19 lockdown. Significant higher depression, anxiety and stress scores were observed in students with respect to university workers. University workers (both faculty members or academic staff and administrative staff) presented generalized significant higher concern scores with respect to students, except for their concern about relatives'' health.

title:
  Psychological effects of the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown among students and workers of a Spanish university

abstract:
  The aim of this study was to analyze the psychological impact of COVID-19 in the university community during the first weeks of confinement. A cross-sectional study was conducted. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) was employed to assess symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. The emotional impact of the situation was analyzed using the Impact of Event Scale. An online survey was fulfilled by 2530 members of the University of Valladolid, in Spain. Moderate to extremely severe scores of anxiety, depression, and stress were reported by 21.34%, 34.19% and 28.14% of the respondents, respectively. A total of 50.43% of respondents presented moderate to severe impact of the outbreak. Students from Arts & Humanities and Social Sciences & Law showed higher scores related to anxiety, depression, stress and impact of event with respect to students from Engineering & Architecture. University staff presented lower scores in all measures compared to students, who seem to have suffered an important psychological impact during the first weeks of the COVID-19 lockdown. In order to provide timely crisis-oriented psychological services and to take preventive measures in future pandemic situations, mental health in university students should be carefully monitored.


id: cord-344069-f32itts9
author: Glowacz, F.
date: 2020-09-25
txt: ./txt/cord-344069-f32itts9.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-344069-f32itts9.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33007682/
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113486
summary:
  This study evaluates psychological distress related to the crisis and identifies predictive factors of anxiety/depression according to age. Youth reported lower levels of living space, occupational activity, social contact and alcohol use, but higher anxiety, depression and uncertainty than older participants. This study proposes to assess the association between the proximity to contamination, lockdown conditions, alcohol use and intolerance to uncertainty, and anxiety and depressive symptoms separately among youth, middle-aged and older populations. Participants aged 18-30 years reported significantly lower levels of living environment, occupational activity, social contacts, frequency and quantity of alcohol use, but higher levels of anxiety, depression and uncertainty than older participants. A considerable percentage of the population suffers from anxiety and depressive symptoms related to the COVID-19 lockdown and it can be explained by an intolerance of uncertainty, whatever the age of the people.

title:
  Uncertainty and Psychological Distress during lockdown during the COVID-19 Pandemic: the young adults most at risk

abstract:
  To control the COVID-19 pandemic, governments have implemented restrictions. This study evaluates psychological distress related to the crisis and identifies predictive factors of anxiety/depression according to age. 2,871 adults were recruited through an online questionnaire during the lockdown. Three subsamples were identified: 18–30; 30–50; > 50 years. The population suffers from anxiety and depression. Youth reported lower levels of living space, occupational activity, social contact and alcohol use, but higher anxiety, depression and uncertainty than older participants. This psychological distress can be explained by lockdown conditions (differently according to age) and by intolerance to uncertainty. Also, youth's alcohol intake has decreased. Deconfinement strategies have been discussed.


id: cord-347513-xibx3nkd
author: Meng, Hui
date: 2020-04-11
txt: ./txt/cord-347513-xibx3nkd.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-347513-xibx3nkd.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S016517812030603X
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112983
summary:
  Abstract To understand the emotional changes in the elderly population during the pneumonia epidemic caused by novel coronavirus infection, and to lay a foundation for the study of the psychology, intervention and nursing of the elderly.A total of 1556 elderly people were selected to conduct an epidemiological survey, and standardized survey methods were used to investigate the depression screening scale (PHQ-9) and anxiety self-rating scale (GAD-7).The anxiety and depression of different genders were different.Anxiety and depression are different in different age groups.The outbreak of pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus infection has an effect on the psychology of the elderly people, resulting in anxiety and depression. Independent sample t test conducted on the scores of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 in different sex groups. One-way analysis of variance conducted on the scores of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 in different age groups. Comparison of the scores of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 in different age(y) groups.

title:
  Analyze the psychological impact of COVID-19 among the elderly population in China and make corresponding suggestions

abstract:
  Abstract To understand the emotional changes in the elderly population during the pneumonia epidemic caused by novel coronavirus infection, and to lay a foundation for the study of the psychology, intervention and nursing of the elderly.A total of 1556 elderly people were selected to conduct an epidemiological survey, and standardized survey methods were used to investigate the depression screening scale (PHQ-9) and anxiety self-rating scale (GAD-7).The anxiety and depression of different genders were different.Anxiety and depression are different in different age groups.The outbreak of pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus infection has an effect on the psychology of the elderly people, resulting in anxiety and depression.


id: cord-349231-9ibv0730
author: Zsido, Andras N.
date: 2020-07-24
txt: ./txt/cord-349231-9ibv0730.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-349231-9ibv0730.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113323
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113323
summary:
  Our results indicated that social anxiety and lower self-esteem could lead to favoring CMC over FTF communication, which may result in problematic internet (PIU) and SNS use as a compensatory behavior to cope with fear of negative evaluation. Our findings may lend further support to the social compensation hypothesis (Bonetti et al., 2010; Weidman et al., 2012) and the CIUT (Kardefelt-Winther, 2014) such that social anxiety and lower self-esteem could lead to favoring CMC -indicated by higher scores on problematic internet and SNS use measures -as a compensatory behavior to cope with fear of negative evaluation. Although the main goal of the present study was to show whether social anxiety, self-esteem, and fear of negative evaluation can have a role in the development of problematic internet and SNS use, the amount of explained variance by the model indicated that there might be other key factors at play.

title:
  The connection and background mechanisms of social fears and problematic social networking site use: a Structural Equation Modeling analysis

abstract:
  Previous research warned that internet and social media use could have a negative effect on the social lives of excessive users. Based on the social compensation hypothesis, however, factors related to social fears could lead to problematic social networking site (SNS) use because individuals try to compensate for their offline popularity. It was shown that individuals with higher levels of social fears tend to prefer computer-mediated (CMC) instead of face to face (FTF) communication. Here, we aimed to create a model that shows the direct and indirect effects of social anxiety and self-esteem on problematic SNS use. A total of 215 participants filled out our survey including measures of social anxiety, self-esteem, fear of negative evaluation, social media and Internet addiction. Using structural equation modeling we tested the indirect and direct effects between the variables. Our results indicated that social anxiety and lower self-esteem could lead to favoring CMC over FTF communication, which may result in problematic internet (PIU) and SNS use as a compensatory behavior to cope with fear of negative evaluation. The indirect pathways might highlight relevant differences behind the motivation of PIU – anonymity – and problematic SNS use – control. Theoretical as well as practical implications are discussed.


id: cord-354475-im2py2or
author: Ioanna, Giannopoulou
date: 2020-11-06
txt: ./txt/cord-354475-im2py2or.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-354475-im2py2or.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33187723/
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113560
summary:
  Although our results may be subject to sampling and recall bias, the unexpectedly high rates of anxiety and depression warrant an urgent call to action aiming at mitigating and managing mental health risks of senior high school students in future waves of pandemic. The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of the nationwide lockdown on the levels of anxiety and depression among last year senior high school students preparing for the upcoming Panhellenic university entrance exams. The questions were presented in four sections: (a) demographic characteristics, (b) anxiety and depressive symptoms over the first two weeks of February (prior to nationwide lockdown -baseline); (c) anxiety and depressive symptoms during the past two weeks (during lockdown -current), using the Greek versions of GAD-7 and PHQ-9 (The Patient Health Questionnaire Screeners, www.phqscreeners.com); (d) distress experienced during lockdown. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study reporting data concerning the impact of the nationwide lockdown on the mental health of last year senior high school students preparing for the national university entrance exams in Greece.

title:
  Adding stress to the stressed: Senior high school students’ mental health amidst the COVID-19 nationwide lockdown in Greece.

abstract:
  The two-year preparation for the National university entrance exams in Greece is one of the most trying periods in a young person's life, physically and emotionally. The present study reports the results from 442 last year senior high school students who completed an online survey (16-30 April 2020) concerning the lockdown impact on their mental health. Overall, the rate of positive screen for depression (PHQ-9 score ≥ 11) significantly increased from 48.5% to 63.8% and of those scoring within severe depression range (PHQ-9 ≥20) from 10% to 27%; for anxiety (GAD-7 score ≥ 11) increased from 23.8% to 49.5% and of those scoring within severe anxiety range (GAD-7≥17) from 3.8% to 20.5%. After taking sex and baseline (one month prior to the lockdown) levels of depression and anxiety into account, the level of lockdown experienced distress was predictive of depression and anxiety levels in time of home confinement, accounting for about 30% of variance in symptoms severity scores. Although our results may be subject to sampling and recall bias, the unexpectedly high rates of anxiety and depression warrant an urgent call to action aiming at mitigating and managing mental health risks of senior high school students in future waves of pandemic.


id: cord-354661-wls1rd7d
author: Suen, Yiu-tung
date: 2020-08-03
txt: ./txt/cord-354661-wls1rd7d.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-354661-wls1rd7d.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120319703?v=s5
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113365
summary:
  title: Effects of general and sexual minority-specific COVID-19-related stressors on the mental health of lesbian, gay and bisexual people in Hong Kong Building upon earlier research, this study aimed to (1) examine COVID-19-related stressors and mental health conditions among LGB people in Hong Kong during the pandemic, (2) compare the levels of general and sexual minority-specific COVID-19-related stressors among subgroups of LGB people, and (3) estimate the effects of general and sexual minority-specific COVID-19related stressors on depressive and anxiety symptoms. In addition, it was hypothesized that sexual minority-specific COVID-19-related stressors (i.e., family conflict related to sexual orientation and reduced connection to LGBT+ community) would be positively related to depressive and anxiety symptoms above and beyond general COVID-19-related stressors. This study also examined the effect of general COVID-19-related stressors on depressive and anxiety symptoms among LGB people in Hong Kong.

title:
  Effects of general and sexual minority-specific COVID-19-related stressors on the mental health of lesbian, gay and bisexual people in Hong Kong

abstract:
  The impact of COVID-19 on mental health has begun to be widely recognized. While the mental health of socially marginalized groups has been examined, there is an absence of studies on how the mental health of lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people have been affected. 857 LGB people in Hong Kong participated in a community-based survey study. Over one-fourth of them met the criteria for probable clinical depression (31.5%) and generalized anxiety disorder (27.9%). Besides general stressors, we identified sexual minority-specific stressors during the pandemic. 4.2% of the participants indicated that they had frequently experienced family conflict related to sexual orientation. One-third responded that they had largely reduced connection to the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender plus (LGBT+) community (34.7%). The results showed that sexual minority-specific COVID-19-related stressors significantly contributed to the variance explained in depressive and anxiety symptoms, beyond the contribution of general COVID-19-related stressors. Since LGB people are particularly vulnerable to poor mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, LGB people-targeting organizations need to understand more about family, space and privacy concerns in order to provide better support, and LGB safe spaces and shelters may be needed as a policy response.


id: cord-355944-8q4s1kf9
title: Binge watching behavior during COVID 19 pandemic: A cross-sectional, cross-national online survey
author: Dixit, Ayushi
date: 2020-05-13
txt: ./txt/cord-355944-8q4s1kf9.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-355944-8q4s1kf9.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32405112/
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113089
abstract: nan
summary:
  This study aimed to determine the binge-watching pattern of television, internet resources during this COVID-19 lockdown in South East Asian countries. The mean age of the sample was 32.62 (±10.29), 60% were males, 44% were graduates (44.3 %), 40.5% postgraduates, most of them belonged to the nuclear family (74.6 %) and are presently living with family (81.2%), and 53.3% had been working from home ( Table 1 ).The previous history and pattern of viewing TV/ online videos indicate that most of the population watched frequently but for a shorter duration (38.7%) and the average time for binge-watching was 1-3 hours (68.8 %). There is a need to look for the long-term effect of binge-watching in the general population, which will give a better insight into understanding the pathological aspects of bingewatching behavior.


