id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-354000-jxqskt4k	Warren, Cody J.	The Antiviral Restriction Factors IFITM1, 2 and 3 Do Not Inhibit Infection of Human Papillomavirus, Cytomegalovirus and Adenovirus	2014-05-14		.txt	text/plain	4420	265	47	Here, we demonstrate that IFN-α or -β treatment of keratinocytes substantially decreases human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) infection while robustly inducing IFITM1, 2 and 3 expression. IFITM protein expression induced by type I IFN inhibits infection of many RNA viruses [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] . Therefore, we analyzed induction of IFITM1, 2 and 3 expression by IFN-b treatment in human keratinocytes, the natural host cells for HPV. To determine the effect of IFITMs on HPV16 entry, HeLa cells stably expressing c-Myc-tagged IFITM1, 2 or 3 or with vector alone ( Fig. 2A-B) were infected with HPV16-LucF. Using various epithelial cell lines and primary keratinocytes expressing IFITMs, we show that HPV infection is surprisingly enhanced by IFITM1 and IFITM3 overexpression (Fig. 2) . Taken together, our results suggest that HPV and other DNA viruses may have evolved to avoid IFITM1, 2 and 3 restriction during entry into host cells.	./cache/cord-354000-jxqskt4k.txt	./txt/cord-354000-jxqskt4k.txt