key: cord-258272-uu6t6tnh
authors: Dabaghian, Farid; Khanavi, Mahnaz; Zarshenas, Mohammad M.
title: Bioactive compounds with possible inhibitory activity of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-II; a gate to manage and prevent COVID-19
date: 2020-05-16
journal: Med Hypotheses
DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109841
sha: 
doc_id: 258272
cord_uid: uu6t6tnh

nan

Till now, no treatment or vaccine has been characterized for COVID-19 (1) . Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-II (ACE-II) receptor, most likely the COVID-19 target, plays essential roles in virus transmission to the alveolar cells (2) . Accordingly, agents with potential inhibition or regulation of ACE-II receptors might be effective in COVID-19 management (3) . 

The averting impact of Naringin on pro-inhibitory cytokines (increased in COVID-19 infection)

including Cyclooxygenase-II, Interleukin-6 and -1β, and Nitric oxide synthase is considerable (5) .

Glycyrrhizin can inhibit COVID-19 S-protein binding to ACE-II receptors (7) . Emodin, a bioactive antiviral agent may prevent S-protein binding to ACE-II receptors. Thus, Emodin and probably Aloe-emodin can stave off the COVID-19 infection via competing with S-protein in binding to ACE-II (7) . Rheum palmatum L. and Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. are rich sources of these compounds (8) .

Based on this opinion (Figure 1) , concerned compounds could be applied in prevention and management of COVID-19 solely or combination with conventional interventions. 

Purposing Saikosaponins for the treatment of COVID-19

COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system

Angiotensin converting enzyme 2: SARS-CoV-2 receptor and regulator of the renin-angiotensin system

Potential natural compounds for preventing 2019-nCoV infection

Citrus fruits are rich in flavonoids for immunoregulation and potential targeting ACE2

Emodin blocks the SARS coronavirus spike protein and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 interaction

Discovery of Anti-2019-nCoV Agents from Chinese Patent Drugs via Docking Screening

Anti-SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease effects of Rheum palmatum L. extracts

The authors of this manuscript have no conflict of interest.