id sid tid token lemma pos cord-270709-jahnjvyk 1 1 key key NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 1 2 : : : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 1 3 cord-270709-jahnjvyk cord-270709-jahnjvyk . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 1 authors author NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 2 : : : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 3 Hasford Hasford NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 4 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 5 Joerg Joerg NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 6 title title NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 7 : : : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 8 Large large JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 9 Simple simple JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 10 Double double JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 11 - - HYPH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 12 Blind blind JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 13 Randomized Randomized NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 14 Trials Trials NNPS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 15 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 16 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 17 Rapid Rapid NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 18 Assessment Assessment NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 19 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 20 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 21 Effectiveness Effectiveness NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 22 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 23 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 24 Vaccines Vaccines NNPS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 25 date date NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 26 : : : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 27 2020 2020 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 28 - - HYPH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 29 08 08 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 30 - - SYM cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 31 26 26 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 32 journal journal NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 2 33 : : : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 1 J J NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 2 Infect infect VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 3 Dis Dis NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 4 DOI doi NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 5 : : : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 6 10.1093 10.1093 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 7 / / SYM cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 8 infdis infdis NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 9 / / SYM cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 10 jiaa456 jiaa456 NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 11 sha sha NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 12 : : : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 13 2ac00f1a4d47fff50aa8d7828387641c1003e190 2ac00f1a4d47fff50aa8d7828387641c1003e190 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 14 doc_id doc_id CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 15 : : : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 16 270709 270709 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 17 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 3 18 : : : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 1 jahnjvyk jahnjvyk NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 2 nan nan NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 3 Large Large NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 4 Simple Simple NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 5 Double double JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 6 - - HYPH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 7 Blind blind JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 8 Randomized Randomized NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 9 Trials Trials NNPS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 10 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 11 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 12 Rapid Rapid NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 13 Assessment Assessment NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 14 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 15 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 16 Effectiveness Effectiveness NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 17 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 18 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 19 Vaccines Vaccines NNPS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 20 to to IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 21 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 4 22 editor- editor- NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 1 The the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 3 disease disease NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 4 2019 2019 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 6 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 8 pandemic pandemic NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 9 has have VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 10 brought bring VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 11 not not RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 12 only only RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 13 far far RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 14 too too RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 15 many many JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 16 losses loss NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 17 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 18 human human JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 19 lives life NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 20 but but CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 21 an an DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 22 economic economic JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 23 crisis crisis NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 24 as as RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 25 well well RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 5 26 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 1 Thus thus RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 2 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 3 effective effective JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 4 treatments treatment NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 5 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 6 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 7 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 8 severe severe JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 9 acute acute JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 10 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 11 syndrome syndrome NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 12 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 13 2 2 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 16 - - HYPH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 17 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 19 are be VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 20 urgently urgently RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 21 needed need VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 6 22 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 1 Eyal Eyal NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 2 et et FW cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 3 al al NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 4 have have VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 5 discussed discuss VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 6 challenge challenge NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 7 studies study NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 9 1 1 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 10 ] ] -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 11 to to TO cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 12 accelerate accelerate VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 13 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 14 assessment assessment NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 15 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 16 vaccine vaccine NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 17 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 7 18 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 1 In in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 2 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 3 challenge challenge NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 4 study study NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 5 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 6 all all DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 7 participants participant NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 8 are be VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 9 vaccinated vaccinate VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 10 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 11 placebo placebo NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 12 or or CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 13 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 14 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 15 test test NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 16 vaccine vaccine NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 17 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 18 are be VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 19 then then RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 20 intentionally intentionally RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 21 exposed expose VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 22 to to IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 23 doses dose NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 24 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 25 SARS SARS NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 26 - - HYPH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 27 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 8 28 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 1 There there EX cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 2 is be VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 3 already already RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 4 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 5 worldwide worldwide JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 6 initiative initiative NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 7 to to TO cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 8 register register VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 9 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 10 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 11 such such JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 12 studies study NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 14 2 2 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 9 16 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 1 As as IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 2 all all DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 3 participants participant NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 4 have have VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 5 been be VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 6 exposed expose VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 7 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 8 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 9 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 10 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 11 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 12 vaccine vaccine NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 13 can can MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 14 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 15 assessed assess VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 16 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 17 smaller small JJR cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 18 sample sample NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 19 sizes size NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 20 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 21 possibly possibly RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 22 more more RBR cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 23 quickly quickly RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 24 compared compare VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 25 to to IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 26 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 27 conventional conventional JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 28 trial trial NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 29 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 30 community community NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 31 participants participant NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 32 ; ; : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 33 however however RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 34 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 35 challenge challenge NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 36 studies study NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 37 are be VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 38 accompanied accompany VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 39 by by IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 40 serious serious JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 41 ethical ethical JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 42 issues issue NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 44 3 3 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 10 46 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 1 First first RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 2 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 3 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 4 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 5 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 6 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 7 distinct distinct JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 8 group group NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 9 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 10 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 11 without without IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 12 risks risk NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 13 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 14 fatal fatal JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 15 progression progression NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 16 or or CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 17 serious serious JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 18 late late JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 19 complications complication NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 20 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 21 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 22 need need NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 23 to to TO cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 24 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 25 reliably reliably RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 26 known know VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 11 27 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 1 Second second RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 2 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 3 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 4 highly highly RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 5 effective effective JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 6 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 7 safe safe JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 8 treatment treatment NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 9 should should MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 10 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 11 available available JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 12 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 13 patients patient NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 14 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 15 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 16 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 17 so so IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 18 that that IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 19 fatalities fatality NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 20 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 21 persistent persistent JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 22 adverse adverse JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 23 consequences consequence NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 24 can can MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 25 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 26 avoided avoid VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 12 27 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 13 1 Both both CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 13 2 these these DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 13 3 problems problem NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 13 4 are be VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 13 5 not not RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 13 6 yet yet RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 13 7 solved solve VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 13 8 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 1 Third third RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 2 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 3 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 4 consent consent NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 5 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 6 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 7 volunteer volunteer NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 8 must must MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 9 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 10 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 12 full full JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 13 understanding understanding NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 14 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 15 comprehensive comprehensive JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 16 information information NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 17 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 18 including include VBG cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 19 appreciation appreciation NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 20 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 21 potential potential JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 22 long long JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 23 - - HYPH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 24 term term NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 25 consequences consequence NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 14 26 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 2 may may MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 3 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 4 questioned question VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 5 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 6 however however RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 7 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 8 whether whether IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 9 someone someone NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 10 at at IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 11 age age NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 12 20 20 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 13 years year NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 14 or or CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 15 so so RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 16 can can MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 17 imagine imagine VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 18 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 19 consequences consequence NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 20 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 21 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 22 scarred scarred JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 23 lung lung NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 24 occurring occur VBG cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 25 many many JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 26 years year NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 27 later later RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 15 28 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 1 Finally finally RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 2 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 4 can can MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 5 not not RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 6 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 7 taken take VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 8 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 9 granted grant VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 10 that that IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 11 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 12 vaccine vaccine NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 13 that that WDT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 14 works work VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 15 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 16 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 17 challenge challenge NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 18 study study NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 19 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 20 young young JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 21 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 22 healthy healthy JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 23 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 24 will will MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 25 work work VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 26 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 27 elderly elderly JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 28 patients patient NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 29 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 30 possible possible JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 31 comorbid comorbid NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 32 conditions condition NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 34 4 4 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 16 36 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 17 1 Thus thus RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 17 2 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 17 3 even even RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 17 4 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 17 5 social social JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 17 6 value value NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 17 7 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 17 8 challenge challenge NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 17 9 trials trial NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 17 10 can can MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 17 11 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 17 12 questioned question VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 17 13 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 1 Fortunately fortunately RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 2 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 3 there there EX cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 4 is be VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 5 an an DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 6 ethically ethically RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 7 more more RBR cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 8 acceptable acceptable JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 9 alternative alternative NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 10 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 11 an an DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 12 accelerated accelerated JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 13 evaluation evaluation NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 14 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 16 - - HYPH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 17 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 18 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 18 19 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 1 The the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 2 large large JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 3 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 4 simple simple JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 5 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 6 randomized randomized JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 7 trial trial NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 9 LSRT LSRT NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 11 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 12 as as IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 13 proposed propose VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 14 by by IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 15 Yusuf Yusuf NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 16 et et NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 17 al al NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 18 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 19 1984 1984 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 20 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 21 is be VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 22 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 23 reliable reliable JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 24 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 25 methodologically methodologically RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 26 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 27 ethically ethically RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 28 sound sound JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 29 alternative alternative JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 31 5 5 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 19 33 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 1 Characteristics characteristic NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 2 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 3 this this DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 4 design design NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 5 include include VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 6 : : : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 7 wide wide JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 8 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 9 simple simple JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 10 eligibility eligibility NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 11 criteria criterion NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 12 ; ; : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 13 central central JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 14 randomization randomization NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 15 ; ; : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 16 recording recording NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 17 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 18 only only JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 19 few few JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 20 baseline baseline JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 21 data datum NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 22 ; ; , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 23 simple simple JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 24 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 25 short short JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 26 - - HYPH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 27 term term NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 28 treatment treatment NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 29 ; ; , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 30 reduced reduce VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 31 or or CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 32 no no DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 33 follow follow VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 34 - - HYPH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 35 up up NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 36 visits visit NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 37 ; ; : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 38 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 39 outcome outcome VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 40 assessments assessment NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 41 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 42 hard hard JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 43 endpoints endpoint NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 44 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 45 preferably preferably RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 46 by by IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 47 registries registry NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 20 48 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 1 Using use VBG cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 2 this this DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 3 design design NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 4 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 5 truly truly RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 6 large large JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 7 randomized randomized JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 8 trials trial NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 9 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 10 sample sample NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 11 sizes size NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 12 beyond beyond IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 13 40 40 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 14 000 000 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 15 patients patient NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 16 have have VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 17 been be VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 18 carried carry VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 19 out out RP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 20 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 21 answered answer VBD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 22 important important JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 23 questions question NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 25 6 6 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 21 27 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 1 Probably probably RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 2 due due IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 3 to to IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 4 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 5 increasing increase VBG cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 6 bureaucratization bureaucratization NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 7 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 8 clinical clinical JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 9 research research NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 10 activities activity NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 11 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 12 including include VBG cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 13 very very RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 14 costly costly JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 15 monitoring monitoring NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 16 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 17 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 18 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 19 last last JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 20 20 20 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 21 years year NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 22 there there EX cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 23 has have VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 24 been be VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 25 an an DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 26 almost almost RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 27 complete complete JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 28 disappearance disappearance NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 29 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 30 this this DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 31 trial trial NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 32 design design NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 22 33 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 1 At at IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 2 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 3 current current JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 4 stage stage NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 5 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 6 evaluation evaluation NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 7 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 8 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 9 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 10 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 11 SARS SARS NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 12 - - HYPH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 13 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 14 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 15 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 16 this this DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 17 design design NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 18 should should MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 19 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 20 revived revive VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 21 as as IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 22 it -PRON- PRP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 23 is be VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 24 ideally ideally RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 25 suited suit VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 26 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 27 this this DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 28 task task NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 23 29 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 1 There there EX cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 2 would would MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 3 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 4 wide wide JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 5 eligibility eligibility NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 6 criteria criterion NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 7 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 8 very very RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 9 few few JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 10 exclusion exclusion NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 11 criteria criterion NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 12 as as IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 13 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 14 vaccine vaccine NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 15 should should MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 16 become become VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 17 available available JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 18 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 19 almost almost RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 20 everybody everybody NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 24 21 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 1 The the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 2 investigational investigational JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 3 vaccine vaccine NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 4 is be VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 5 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 6 1 1 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 7 or or CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 8 2-time 2-time CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 9 treatment treatment NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 10 only only RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 11 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 12 no no DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 13 follow follow VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 14 - - HYPH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 15 up up RP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 16 visits visit NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 17 are be VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 18 needed need VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 25 19 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 1 The the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 2 outcomes outcome NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 3 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 4 COVID-19 covid-19 VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 5 or or CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 6 death death NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 7 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 8 can can MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 9 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 10 collected collect VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 11 either either CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 12 by by IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 13 registries registry NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 14 available available JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 15 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 16 many many JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 17 countries country NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 19 eg eg UH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 20 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 21 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 22 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 23 United United NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 24 States States NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 25 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 26 United United NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 27 Kingdom Kingdom NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 28 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 29 or or CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 30 Scandinavia Scandinavia NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 32 or or CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 33 by by IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 34 patient patient JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 35 reporting reporting NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 26 36 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 1 Vaccine vaccine NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 2 safety safety NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 3 information information NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 4 can can MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 5 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 6 collected collect VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 7 by by IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 8 established establish VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 9 systems system NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 10 like like IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 11 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 12 Vaccine Vaccine NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 13 Safety Safety NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 14 Datalink Datalink NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 15 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 16 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 17 United United NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 18 States States NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 20 7 7 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 22 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 23 prescription prescription NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 24 event event NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 25 monitoring monitoring NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 26 programs program NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 28 eg eg UH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 29 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 30 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 31 Drug Drug NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 32 Surveillance Surveillance NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 33 Research Research NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 34 Unit Unit NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 35 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 36 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 37 United United NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 38 Kingdom Kingdom NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 40 8 8 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 43 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 44 or or CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 45 by by IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 46 direct direct JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 47 patient patient NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 48 safety safety NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 49 reporting report VBG cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 50 on on IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 51 websites website NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 52 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 53 including include VBG cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 54 those those DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 55 accessible accessible JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 56 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 57 smartphones smartphone NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 58 [ [ -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 59 9 9 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 60 ] ] -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 61 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 62 which which WDT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 63 can can MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 64 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 65 specifically specifically RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 66 designed design VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 67 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 68 vaccine vaccine NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 69 trials trial NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 27 70 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 1 Among among IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 2 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 3 advantages advantage NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 4 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 5 using use VBG cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 6 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 7 LSRT LSRT NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 8 design design NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 9 are be VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 10 that that IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 12 allows allow VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 13 central central JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 14 randomization randomization NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 15 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 16 large large JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 17 numbers number NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 18 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 19 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 20 within within IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 21 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 22 short short JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 23 time time NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 24 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 25 rapid rapid JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 26 collection collection NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 27 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 28 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 29 relevant relevant JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 30 outcomes outcome NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 31 at at IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 32 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 33 low low JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 34 cost cost NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 35 compared compare VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 36 to to IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 37 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 38 conventional conventional JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 39 phase phase NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 40 3 3 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 41 trials trial NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 42 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 43 many many JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 44 follow follow NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 45 - - HYPH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 46 up up NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 47 visits visit NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 48 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 49 extensive extensive JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 50 monitoring monitoring NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 28 51 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 1 Adaptive adaptive JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 2 design design NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 3 features feature NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 5 eg eg IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 6 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 7 modification modification NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 8 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 9 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 10 eligibility eligibility NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 11 criteria criterion NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 12 considering consider VBG cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 13 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 14 accruing accrue VBG cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 15 safety safety NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 16 information information NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 18 are be VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 19 feasible feasible JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 20 as as RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 21 well well RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 29 22 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 1 Given give VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 2 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 3 wide wide JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 4 entry entry NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 5 criteria criterion NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 6 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 7 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 8 results result NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 9 provide provide VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 10 external external JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 11 validity validity NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 12 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 13 large large JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 14 parts part NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 15 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 16 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 17 population population NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 18 compared compare VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 19 to to IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 20 any any DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 21 challenge challenge NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 22 trial trial NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 23 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 24 which which WDT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 25 would would MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 26 need need VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 27 to to TO cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 28 focus focus VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 29 on on IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 30 participants participant NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 31 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 32 extremely extremely RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 33 low low JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 34 risks risk NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 35 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 36 developing develop VBG cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 37 serious serious JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 38 COVID-19 covid-19 NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 30 39 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 1 As as IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 2 there there EX cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 3 will will MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 4 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 5 very very RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 6 many many JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 7 people people NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 8 who who WP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 9 would would MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 10 like like VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 11 to to TO cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 12 participate participate VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 13 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 14 such such PDT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 15 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 16 vaccination vaccination NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 17 trial trial NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 18 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 19 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 20 sample sample NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 21 sizes size NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 22 needed need VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 23 should should MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 24 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 25 achieved achieve VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 26 within within IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 27 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 28 very very RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 29 short short JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 30 time time NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 31 31 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 1 When when WRB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 2 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 3 LSRT lsrt NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 4 double double JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 5 - - HYPH cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 6 blind blind JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 7 design design NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 8 is be VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 9 used use VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 10 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 11 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 12 validity validity NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 13 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 14 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 15 results result NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 16 is be VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 17 assured assure VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 18 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 20 does do VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 21 not not RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 22 generate generate VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 23 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 24 serious serious JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 25 ethical ethical JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 26 issues issue NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 27 inherent inherent JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 28 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 29 challenge challenge NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 30 trials trial NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 32 31 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 1 Regarding regard VBG cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 2 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 3 Salk Salk NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 4 vaccine vaccine NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 5 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 6 large large JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 7 randomized randomized JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 8 trials trial NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 9 with with IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 10 sample sample NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 11 sizes size NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 12 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 13 more more JJR cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 14 than than IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 15 70 70 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 16 000 000 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 17 were be VBD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 18 done do VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 19 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 20 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 21 early early JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 22 1950s 1950 NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 24 10 10 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 26 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 27 such such JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 28 LSRTs lsrt NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 29 should should MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 30 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 31 feasible feasible JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 32 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 33 2020 2020 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 33 34 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 1 Thus thus RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 2 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 3 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 4 sponsors sponsor NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 5 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 6 vaccine vaccine NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 7 trials trial NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 8 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 9 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 10 drug drug NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 11 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 12 agencies agency NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 13 should should MD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 14 start start VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 15 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 16 preparatory preparatory JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 17 work work NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 18 now now RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 19 to to TO cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 20 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 21 ready ready JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 22 once once IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 23 an an DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 24 investigational investigational JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 25 vaccine vaccine NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 26 is be VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 27 ready ready JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 28 to to TO cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 29 be be VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 30 administered administer VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 31 on on IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 32 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 33 large large JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 34 scale scale NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 34 35 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 35 1 Disclaimer disclaimer NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 35 2 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 1 The the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 2 opinions opinion NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 3 expressed express VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 4 do do VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 5 not not RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 6 necessarily necessarily RB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 7 represent represent VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 8 those those DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 9 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 10 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 11 Association Association NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 12 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 13 Medical Medical NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 14 Ethics Ethics NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 15 Committees Committees NNPS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 16 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 17 Germany Germany NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 36 18 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 37 1 Potential potential JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 37 2 conflicts conflict NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 37 3 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 37 4 interest interest NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 37 5 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 38 1 Author author NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 38 2 certifies certify VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 38 3 no no DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 38 4 potential potential JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 38 5 conflicts conflict NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 38 6 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 38 7 interest interest NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 38 8 . . . cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 1 The the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 2 author author NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 3 has have VBZ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 4 submitted submit VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 5 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 6 ICMJE ICMJE NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 7 Form Form NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 8 for for IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 9 Disclosure Disclosure NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 10 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 11 Potential Potential NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 12 Human Human NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 13 challenge challenge NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 14 studies study NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 15 to to TO cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 16 accelerate accelerate VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 17 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 18 vaccine vaccine NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 19 licensure licensure NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 20 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 21 human human JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 22 challenge challenge NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 39 23 trials trial NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 40 1 Experimental experimental JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 40 2 infections infection NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 40 3 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 40 4 humans human NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 40 5 - - : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 40 6 historical historical JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 40 7 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 40 8 ethical ethical JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 40 9 reflections reflection NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 1 Vaccines vaccine NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 2 to to TO cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 3 prevent prevent VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 4 infectious infectious JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 5 diseases disease NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 6 in in IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 7 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 8 older old JJR cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 9 population population NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 10 : : : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 11 immunological immunological JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 12 challenges challenge NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 13 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 14 future future JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 41 15 perspectives perspective NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 1 Why why WRB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 2 do do VBP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 4 need need VB cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 5 some some DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 6 large large JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 7 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 8 simple simple JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 9 randomized randomized JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 10 trials trial NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 11 ISIS-3 ISIS-3 NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 12 : : : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 13 a a DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 14 randomised randomised JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 15 comparison comparison NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 16 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 17 streptokinase streptokinase NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 18 vs vs IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 19 tissue tissue NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 20 plasminogen plasminogen NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 21 activator activator NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 22 vs vs IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 23 anistreplase anistreplase NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 24 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 25 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 26 aspirin aspirin NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 27 plus plus CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 28 heparin heparin NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 29 vs vs IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 30 aspirin aspirin NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 31 alone alone JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 32 among among IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 33 41,299 41,299 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 34 cases case NNS cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 35 of of IN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 36 suspected suspect VBN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 37 acute acute JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 38 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 39 infarction infarction NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 40 Vaccine Vaccine NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 41 safety safety NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 42 datalink datalink NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 43 Patent patent NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 44 safety safety NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 45 Making make VBG cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 46 history history NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 47 : : : cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 48 Thomas Thomas NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 49 Francis Francis NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 50 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 51 Jr Jr NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 52 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 53 MD MD NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 54 , , , cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 55 and and CC cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 56 the the DT cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 57 1954 1954 CD cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 58 Salk Salk NNP cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 59 poliomyelitis poliomyelitis NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 60 vaccine vaccine NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 61 field field NN cord-270709-jahnjvyk 42 62 trial trial NN