# ent

id: cord-341118-h5t87vf8
type: PROTEIN
entity:
  interferon beta 250 mg 24h hydroxychloroquine 200 mg 12h azithromycin 500 mg 24h ceftriaxone 2 g 12h lopinavir ritonavir 800 200 24h methylprednisolone 40 mg 12h and tocilizumab 600


id: cord-300995-tqz2bkdo
type: ORG
entity:
  the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control Situation


id: cord-311523-erntrh3p
type: WORK_OF_ART
entity:
  Different Types of Clinical Specimens Novel Coronavirus Important Information for Clinicians Clinical


# bib

id: cord-252123-z8c14q5d
title: An unusual case of bullous hemorrhagic vasculitis in a COVID‐19 patient
author: Negrini, S.
date: 2020-06-19
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32558979/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16760
abstract:
  A novel Coronavirus strain, named “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2” (SARS‐CoV‐2) was recently identified as the etiological agent of the COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Interestingly, a consistent number of COVID‐19‐associated skin manifestations seem to share a certain degree of vascular damage as common pathogenetic mechanism(1). Vascular injury may be due to the direct damage of endothelial cells by the virus or may represents an epiphenomenon of a dysregulated host inflammatory responses triggered by the infection(2). Here, we describe an unprecedented case of leukocytoclastic vasculitis presenting with a hemorrhagic bullous eruption in a patient affected by COVID‐19.


id: cord-253552-qreg4emx
title: Vascular skin symptoms in COVID‐19: a french observational study
author: Bouaziz, JD
date: 2020-04-27
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32339344/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16544
abstract:
  Coronavirus 19 (COVID‐19) was declared as a pandemic viral infection by the World Health organization on March 11(th) 2020. Usual clinical manifestations of COVID‐19 infection include fever, fatigue, myalgia, headache, diarrhea, dry cough, dyspnea that may lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome and death (1). Skin symptoms of COVID‐19 have been poorly described but may include erythematous rash, urticaria and chicken pox like lesions (2‐7). Angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a cellular receptor for COVID‐19.


id: cord-258581-46p0k9lc
title: COVID‐19 Lockdown induced acral dermatosis in children
author: Bodak, Nathalie
date: 2020-06-28
txt: ./txt/cord-258581-46p0k9lc.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-258581-46p0k9lc.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16797
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16797
summary:
  Recently, several case series of cutaneous acral manifestations in patients with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have been reported. Indirect consequences of the ongoing pandemic on skin health have been reported, such as an increased frequency of irritant dermatitis related to repeated hand washing with soap, or occupational dermatoses in health care workers due to wearing gloves or masks (4, 5) . We describe here acral lesions observed in seven children (four girls) by the sixth week of the lockdown period in France. Although a larger case series would strengthen our hypothesis, we suggest that the change of daily habits in young children during the lockdown period may have increased the frequency of acral frictional dermatoses that are not directly due to the virus but rather to prolonged sessions spent playing on the floor. Acral cutaneous lesions in the Time of COVID-19

abstract:
  Recently, several case series of cutaneous acral manifestations in patients with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have been reported. A majority of these acral manifestations have a pseudo‐chilblain pattern with erythema and oedema and sometimes vesicles.


id: cord-260218-add4i1c9
title: Retiform purpura as a dermatological sign of covid‐19 coagulopathy
author: Bosch‐Amate, X
date: 2020-06-03
txt: ./txt/cord-260218-add4i1c9.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-260218-add4i1c9.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32491234/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16689
summary:
  Recalcati(1) asserted that 20.4% of infected patients developed cutaneous manifestations and Galván‐Casas et al(2) have recently proposed 5 clinical patterns (pseudo‐chilblain, vesicular, urticarial, maculopapular and livedo/necrosis). 6 Purpura, Raynaud''s phenomenon, chilblain-like and erythema multiforme-like lesions in young asymptomatic patients have also been observed with this infection, although the connection with coagulopathy is unknown. 7, 8 Our patient presented with retiform purpura as a cutaneous manifestation of COVID-19 coagulopathy. 9 Our case highlights the concomitant presentation of cutaneous microthrombi presenting as retiform purpura and macrothrombi presenting as pulmonary thromboembolism in the setting of COVID-19 coagulopathy. From now on, we will have to include COVID-19 infection in the differential diagnosis of retiform purpura. Classification of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: a rapid prospective nationwide consensus study in Spain with 375 cases Changes in Blood Coagulation in Patients with Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): a Meta-Analysis

abstract:
  Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has spread worldwide to become a pandemic. Multiple skin manifestations related to the infection have been described progressively. Recalcati(1) asserted that 20.4% of infected patients developed cutaneous manifestations and Galván‐Casas et al(2) have recently proposed 5 clinical patterns (pseudo‐chilblain, vesicular, urticarial, maculopapular and livedo/necrosis). We report a case of COVID‐19 with retiform purpura and its histopathological correlation.


id: cord-266475-t04pukea
title: Late onset of acral necrosis after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection resolution
author: Balestri, R.
date: 2020-05-26
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32455499/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16668
abstract:
  SARS‐CoV‐2 has been hypothesized as the aetiologic agent of CLL, on the basis of the temporal correlation between the “burst” of skin manifestations and the viral pandemic, even though we have scarce evidence of swab‐confirmed infections. Authors have therefore suggested some pathogenetic mechanisms such as a delayed immune‐mediated reaction to the virus in genetically‐predisposed patients(1) or an early IFN‐I response in young patients, muting early viral replication but also inducing microangiopathic changes.


id: cord-267748-uzt8a5nx
author: Shiohara, Tetsuo
date: 2020-09-24
txt: ./txt/cord-267748-uzt8a5nx.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-267748-uzt8a5nx.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16959
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16959
summary:
  title: Comment on "Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome in a patient with COVID‐19": Involvement of herpesvirus reactivations and adverse drug reactions in diverse cutaneous manifestations and overall disease severity of COVID‐19 We have read with great interest the publication by Herman, et al., which reported occurrence of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), also known as drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DiHS), in a COVID-19 patient: 1 the patient developed DiHS/DRESS 17~18 days after starting azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine. Indeed, diverse clinical symptoms in DiHS/DRESS have been also reported as COVID-19-related cutaneous manifestations without confirming viral or drug etiologies: they include erythema multiforme, varicella, herpes zoster, pityriasis rosea, Kawasaki disease and urticaria, 5~7 in which herpesviruses, such as varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), have been suggested to play a role.

title:
  Comment on “Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome in a patient with COVID‐19”: Involvement of herpesvirus reactivations and adverse drug reactions in diverse cutaneous manifestations and overall disease severity of COVID‐19

abstract:
  We have read with great interest the publication by Herman, et al., which reported occurrence of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), also known as drug‐induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DiHS), in a COVID‐19 patient:(1) the patient developed DiHS/DRESS 17~18 days after starting azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine.


id: cord-270500-5pkx94zu
title: Did Whatsapp(®) reveal a new cutaneous COVID‐19 manifestation?
author: Duong, T.A.
date: 2020-05-19
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16534
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16534
abstract:
  In March 2020, Europe became the epicenter of COVID-19 pandemic. Several countries organized nationwide population containment, starting on March 9th in Italy and March 17th in France1 . For the continuity of care and to avoid in person consultation and disease propagation, the French ministry of health released incentives to facilitate live interactive consultation for COVID and non-COVID patients.


id: cord-272321-znnipzym
title: Relapsing symmetric livedo reticularis in a patient with COVID‐19 infection
author: Verheyden, M.
date: 2020-06-25
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16773
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16773
abstract:
  During the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, several associated skin conditions were reported in infected patients, including; urticaria [1], exanthema [1], erythema multiforme [2], chickenpox‐like vesicles [1], pityriasis rosea [3], herpes simplex reactivation [4], erythema nodosum like Sweet’s syndrome [5], Symmetrical Drug‐Related Intertriginous and Flexural Exanthema [6], petechial rash [7], vasculitic purpura [7], acro‐ischemia/necrosis [8], Kawasaki disease [2] and chilblain lesions [9].


id: cord-277110-e27lm7rr
author: Iria, Neri
date: 2020-06-13
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16751
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16751
title:
  Major cluster of pediatric “ true ” primary chilblains during the COVID‐19 pandemic: a consequence of lifestyle changes due to lockdown

abstract:
  BACKGROUND: Over the last months, during the COVID‐19 pandemic, a growing number of chilblain‐like lesions was reported mainly in children, rarely in young adults. The relationship with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was postulated, often without any laboratory, instrumental or clinical confirmation. The disclosure of information about chilblain‐like lesions as a COVID‐19 manifestation in social media has created concern in children’s families and pediatricians OBJECTIVES: to verify whether the chilblain‐like lesions were caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. METHODS: prospective study on a case series including children who presented with acral lesions at the Pediatric Dermatology Outpatient and Pediatric Emergency Unit of the University of Bologna, from April 1 to April 30, 2020. We reported demographical, laboratory and clinical features, history of close contact with COVID‐19 patients, presence of similar skin lesions in other family members, precipitating and risk factors for chilblain onset. RESULTS: We evaluated 8 patients (5 females, 3 males) aged between 11 and 15 years. We excluded acute or previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection with RT‐PCR nasopharyngeal swab, serum antibody levels using chemiluminescent immunoassays. Other acute infections causing purpuric lesions at the extremities were negative in all patients. Skin lesion biopsy for histological and immunohistochemical evaluation was made in two cases and was consistent with chilblain. PCR‐assay on skin lesion biopsy for Parvovirus B19, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and SARS‐CoV‐2 was performed in a patient and resulted negative. We identified common precipitating and risk factors: physical (cold and wet extremities, low BMI), cold and wet indoor and outdoor environment, behaviors, habits, lifestyle. We therefore reached a diagnosis of primary chilblains. CONCLUSIONS: During the COVID‐19 pandemic, a “cluster” of primary chilblains developed in predisposed subjects, mainly teenagers, due to to cold exposure in the lockdown period. Laboratory findings support our hypothesis, although it is also possible that an unknown infectious trigger may have contributed to the pathogenesis.


id: cord-281703-6xwcxe8l
title: Should SARS‐CoV‐2 influence immunosuppressive therapy for autoimmune blistering diseases?
author: Di Altobrando, Ambra
date: 2020-04-17
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32302437/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16491
abstract:
  In this dramatic period where the whole world is affected by the outbreak of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19), scientific data relating to the causative virus SARS‐CoV‐2 as well as the subsequent therapeutic repercussions on the management of other diseases should be divulged in order to share as much information as possible among experts in a timely manner.


id: cord-282653-9n5sjn23
author: Rodríguez‐Jiménez, Pedro
date: 2020-05-09
txt: ./txt/cord-282653-9n5sjn23.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-282653-9n5sjn23.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16618
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16618
summary:
  key: cord-282653-9n5sjn23 considering urticarial lesions as a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) associated skin manifestation(1). considering urticarial lesions as a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated skin manifestation 1 . A previous report of COVID19-related urticarial lesions had also been first published by Recalcati 2 . Since then, we began to observe different skin manifestations in patients with COVID-19 infection. We present the case of a patient with non-evanescent urticarial lesions and its clinicopathologic correlation. In our experience, these urticaria-like lesions may also appear in late phases and not only as early manifestations of COVID. But we must remember, that even today, when it seems that all of our patients are affected of COVID-19 and all the skin diseases may be related to it, we have to ground on clinicopathological correlation and to maintain the same quality standards that we used to have before SARS-Cov-2 appeared. Varicella-like exanthem as a specific COVID-19-associated skin manifestation: multicenter case series of 22 patients

title:
  Reply to “Acute urticaria with pyrexia as the first manifestations of a COVID‐19 infection”: Urticaria‐like lesions in COVID‐19 patients are not really urticaria. A case with clinicopathologic correlation

abstract:
  We have read with great attention the article by Van Damme et al. considering urticarial lesions as a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) associated skin manifestation(1). They observed two patients with erythemato‐edematous lesions surrounded by whitish halo, thus similar to hives but without additional data on their evolution(1). A previous report of COVID19‐related urticarial lesions had also been first published by Recalcati(2). However, none of these two published articles detailed if the lesions where evanescent, as it is mandatory for urticaria, nor did a pathological study.


id: cord-282750-d9sb7o63
title: Improvement of SARS‐CoV2 symptoms following Guselkumab injection in a psoriatic patient
author: Benhadou, F.
date: 2020-05-07
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32379925/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16590
abstract:
  We read with great interest the publication of Messina et al (1) reporting the first case of SARS‐CoV2 infection in a young patient of 32‐year‐old suffering from psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis treated by Guselkumab, a monoclonal antibody that targets specifically the p19 subunit of Interleukin (IL)‐23(2).The patient contracted the SARS‐CoV2 infection after a dinner with some friends but fortunately she developed very discrete symptoms including only mild fever and rhinorrhea. These findings support the potential role of IL‐23p19 inhibitors to counteract the « cytokine storm » triggered by the SARS‐CoV2 and which is potentially implicated in the severity of the symptoms (3).


id: cord-283716-tleh9323
title: SARS‐CoV‐2 infection presenting as a febrile rash
author: Amatore, F.
date: 2020-05-27
txt: ./txt/cord-283716-tleh9323.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-283716-tleh9323.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16528
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16528
summary:
  The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared that Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a public health emergency of international concern as it continues to spread worldwide.1 After a median incubation period of 4 days, fever and cough are the two most common manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared that Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a public health emergency of international concern as it continues to spread worldwide. 1 After a median incubation period of 4 days, fever and cough are the two most common manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] Herein, we describe a febrile rash as the only clinical manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a patient free from pulmonary symptoms. Firstly, Covid-19 disease can present with a distinctive rash, which is histologically similar but clinically different to classic viral exanthemata.

abstract:
  The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared that Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a public health emergency of international concern as it continues to spread worldwide.1 After a median incubation period of 4 days, fever and cough are the two most common manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.


id: cord-295551-ujnks5ox
title: Cutaneous manifestations in COVID‐19: a new contribution
author: Estébanez, Andrea
date: 2020-04-15
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32294264/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16474
abstract:
  We have read with great interest Dr Recalcati’s review about skin manifestations in COVID‐19 as it is the first report on this subject(1). In a recent review on clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China, rash was observed in 0,2% of cases(2). However, from the trained eyes of a dermatologist, this percentage may be higher.


id: cord-299143-vcfu79ij
author: McCoy, John
date: 2020-09-25
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16956
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16956
title:
  Androgen Receptor Genetic Variant Predicts COVID‐19 Disease Severity: A Prospective Longitudinal Study of Hospitalized COVID‐19 Male Patients

abstract:
  Men infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 are more likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) compared to women.(1) Previously, we have reported that among hospitalized men with COVID‐19, 79% presented with androgenetic alopecia (AA) compared to 31‐53% that would be expected in a similar aged match population.(2) AA is known to be mediated by variations in the androgen receptor (AR) gene.(3) In addition, the only known promoter of the enzyme implicated in SARS‐CoV‐2 infectivity, TMPRSS2, is regulated by an androgen response element.(4) The polyglutamine repeat (CAG repeat) located in the AR gene is associated with androgen sensitivity and AA.(3) These observations led us to hypothesize that variations in the AR gene may predispose male COVID‐19 patients to increased disease severity.


id: cord-300546-s29ycc8i
title: Occurrence of SARS‐CoV‐2 during mycophenolate mofetil treatment for pemphigus
author: Balestri, R.
date: 2020-05-02
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32359182/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16578
abstract:
  we read with great interest the article entitled “Should SARS‐CoV‐2 influence immunosuppressive therapy for autoimmune blistering diseases?” published by Di Altobrando A. et al. in the JEADV. This is the first report of COronaVIrus DIsease 2019 (COVID‐19) in a patient affected by autoimmune blistering disease (ABD) during immunosuppressive treatment (i.e. azathioprine). The authors conclude that it is crucial to learn of more cases of ABD patients under immunosuppressive treatment who have developed COVID‐19, in order to better quantify the risk of infection under immunosuppressive therapy.


id: cord-300995-tqz2bkdo
title: Skin cancer triage and management during COVID‐19 pandemic
author: Tagliaferri, Luca
date: 2020-04-25
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16529
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16529
abstract:
  The worldwide medical community is striving to pursue the most appropriate clinical choices in the worst event of pandemic of the modern times [1], with over 1 million patients affected by COVID‐19 (i.e., swab positive patients with or without symptoms) reported so far [1]. In this context, the aim of the ideal management of cancer patients is to achieve the best possible balance between the two different issues to be considered, which include the risk of cancer progression and the risk of infectious disease.


id: cord-301483-dsaltzdd
title: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis mimicking COVID‐19: a case report
author: Hashizume, H.
date: 2020-06-04
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32495957/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16705
abstract:
  Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, is currently spreading worldwide, causing the worst pandemic experienced this century. During the present outbreak, reports have been accumulating that various types of cutaneous manifestations were observed in COVID‐19 patients. We read with interest the recent article by Amatore et al. describing a COVID‐19 case who presented with a febrile rash consisting of annular, polycyclic, and circinate erythema, presumably specific to COVID‐19.


id: cord-303514-2ljmkabk
title: Acral cutaneous lesions in the time of COVID‐19
author: Recalcati, S.
date: 2020-05-27
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32330324/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16533
abstract:
  Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic condition, yet little is known about its dermatologic manifestations. We report here on peculiar (perniosis-like) skin lesions, unreported in the previous years, observed in young outpatients visited in our Dermatologic Unit in the last 4 weeks of COVID-19 pandemic (March-April 2020). Similar cases were referred to us in the same period by Pediatricians and Dermatologists from Italy and European countries.


id: cord-304211-5uzqqbr4
title: Cutaneous manifestations in COVID‐19: the experiences of Barcelona and Rome
author: Tammaro, A.
date: 2020-04-24
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16530
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16530
abstract:
  In December 2019, a new virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) causing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) emerged in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. SARS‐CoV‐2 is transmitted through respiratory droplets and object infected with droplets containing the virus. The diagnosis is made employing quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to identify the viral nucleic acid in respiratory specimens or blood samples.


id: cord-309507-oe4i6v5x
author: Sacchelli, L.
date: 2020-06-03
txt: ./txt/cord-309507-oe4i6v5x.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-309507-oe4i6v5x.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32491214/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16694
summary:
  Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and diseases (STDs) affect millions of people every year worldwide(1). All rights reserved To the Editor, Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and diseases (STDs) affect millions of people every year worldwide 1 . In Italy, data are provided by the Italian National Institute of Health (INIH) and reported to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) 2, 3 . In Italy, data are provided by the Italian National Institute of Health (INIH) and reported to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) 2, 3 . A total of 214 medical provisions were recorded after the lockdown: 13 patients required more than one healthcare service. The percentage of visits for prophylaxis declined after the lockdown, while visits for syphilis, gonococcal pharyngitis and inflammatory genital diseases increased significantly (Figure 1) . The percentage of patients requiring more than one provision increased from 2.1% to 6.5%, after the lockdown.

title:
  Sexually Transmitted Infections during the COVID‐19 outbreak: comparison of patients referring to the service of sexually transmitted diseases during the sanitary emergency with those referring during the common practice

abstract:
  Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and diseases (STDs) affect millions of people every year worldwide(1). In Italy, data are provided by the Italian National Institute of Health (INIH) and reported to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)(2,3). In 1991 and 2009 the Italian sentinel surveillance system was established, consisting in 25 public centers (12 clinical, 13 laboratories) on the national field for diagnosis, treatment and data transmission to the INIH(4). The STDs service of Dermatology, Bologna belongs to it and is a free‐access service (7.30‐11 am) from Monday to Friday, with a patient flow of 50 patients/day.


id: cord-310841-scg0h40b
author: Atzori, L.
date: 2020-04-15
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16473
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16473
title:
  Psoriasis health care in the time of the coronavirus pandemic: insights from dedicated centers in sardinia (Italy)

abstract:
  Psoriasis is a major chronic inflammatory skin disease, affecting about 3% of the population in Italy, whose management require experienced specialists in order to guarantee high‐quality standards of care. The pandemic coronavirus (2019‐nCoV; COVID‐19) has changed the approach to all patients requiring close contact during a visit, including dermatologic consultations. In Italy, true outbreak begun in Lombardy, by February 21, 2020 with exponential contagion, surpassing China in the number of deaths.


id: cord-311523-erntrh3p
title: Dermatologists and SARS‐CoV‐2: The impact of the pandemic on daily practice
author: Gisondi, P
date: 2020-04-22
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16515
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16515
abstract:
  Since the first case of “pneumonia of unknown aetiology” was diagnosed at the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital in China on 30 December 2019, what was recognised thereafter as “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2” (SARS‐CoV‐2) has spread over the four continents, causing the respiratory manifestations of Coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐ 19) and satisfying the epidemiological criteria for a label of “pandemic.” The ongoing SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic is having a huge impact on dermatological practice including the marked reduction of face‐to‐face consultations in favour of teledermatology, the uncertainties concerning the outcome of COVID‐19 infection in patients with common inflammatory disorders such as psoriasis or atopic dermatitis receiving immunosuppressive/immunomodulating systemic therapies; the direct involvement of dermatologists in COVID‐19 care for patients assistance and new research needs to be addressed. It is not known yet, if skin lesions and derangement of the skin barrier could make it easier for SARS‐CoV‐2 to transmit via indirect contact; it remains to be defined if specific mucosal or skin lesions are associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, although some unpublished observations indicate the occurrence of a transient varicelliform exanthema during the early phase of the infection. SARS‐CoV‐2 is a new pathogen for humans that is highly contagious, can spread quickly, and is capable of causing enormous health, economic and societal impacts in any setting. The consequences may continue long after the pandemic resolves, and new management modalities for dermatology may originate from the COVID‐19 disaster. Learning from experience may help to cope with future major societal changes.


id: cord-314422-u2elzgl8
title: Retroauricular dermatitis with vehement use of ear loop face masks during COVID19 pandemic
author: Bothra, Atul
date: 2020-06-03
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16692
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16692
abstract:
  The COVID‐19 pandemic forged theexponential use of masks of various kinds, not just by health workers but also by general population as a personal protective equipment (PPE). Although contact dermatitis due to PPE is well reported, mask induced dermatitis is a relatively unexplored phenomenon. In this article, we report a preliminary data of patients experiencing retroauricaular dermatitis due to ear loop face masks.


id: cord-322069-ys9s7l6e
author: Gaspari, Valeria
date: 2020-06-03
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32491223/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16693
title:
  COVID‐19: how it can look on the skin. Clinical and pathological features in twenty COVID‐19 patients observed in Bologna, northeastern Italy

abstract:
  Global public health is currently dealing with the explosive spread of the novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) [1]. This new type of viral pneumonia, spread from its first focus in Wuhan (Hubei, China) to across all the world, until a pandemic condition was declared. Clinically. the most common symptoms of the disease are cough and fever. More than 80% of patients have asymptomatic to moderate disease, but about 15% get severe pneumonia and 5% develope a multi‐organ failure [2].


id: cord-323334-ie7iklr4
title: Changes in emergency service access after spread of COVID19 across Italy
author: Tartari, F
date: 2020-04-27
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16553
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16553
abstract:
  The Italian National Health System is currently living through some catastrophic days, owing to the rapid spread of COVID‐19 across the country. At the time of writing, our Government has passed emergency laws (March 11, 2020), with a view to preventing widespread viral infection among the population, which may well lead to an increase in the number of people requiring intensive care unit (ICU) hospital treatment. Currently, most of the northern Italian regions are close to saturation point in terms of the number of available ICU inpatient beds.


id: cord-326737-b6gs9z4h
title: STIs and the COVID‐19 pandemic: the lockdown does not stop sexual infections
author: Balestri, R.
date: 2020-07-27
txt: ./txt/cord-326737-b6gs9z4h.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-326737-b6gs9z4h.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16808
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16808
summary:
  title: STIs and the COVID‐19 pandemic: the lockdown does not stop sexual infections 2 During the lockdown (9 March -4 May), we diagnosed, by NAATs, 9 Chlamydia trachomatis infections and 2 Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections (one of these patients experienced a reinfection during the lockdown despite a negative-tested partner), and 4 cases of syphilis (Table 1) . Of these 15 STIs, 9 patients referred risky sexual behaviour during lockdown. Common sense suggests that social isolation and the closure of leisure venues may significantly reduce the opportunity for casual sexual encounters, and some authors suggested that quarantine and social distancing measures might reduce the incidence of STIs in the future. 4 Therefore, we suggest that visits of STI patients should not be cancelled, making use of teledermatology where possible and visiting any doubtful cases. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China The impacts of isolation measures against SARS-CoV-2 infection on sexual health

abstract:
  In December 2019 a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China, responsible for an aggressive interstitial pneumonia. Italy was the first western country to be hit by the CoronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and on 9 March our Prime Minister announced a nationwide lockdown, strictly forbidding any contacts outside cohabitants, except for urgent or medical reasons. In compliance with the ministerial decree, all scheduled visits were suspended, maintaining hospital access only for emergencies.


id: cord-327036-0260rrdx
author: Dominguez‐Santas, M.
date: 2020-05-26
txt: ./txt/cord-327036-0260rrdx.txt
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extension: .txt
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url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32453865/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16663
summary:
  title: Cutaneous small‐vessel vasculitis associated with novel 2019 coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (COVID‐19) The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has rapidly become a global health issue. This letter reports new dermatologic findings associated with a confirmed COVID‐19 case. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly become a global health issue. This letter reports new dermatologic findings associated with a confirmed COVID-19 case. Although the rRT-PCR from skin biopsy was negative, we believe that CSVV arising in the context of a COVID-19 infected person is no coincidence and should not be categorized as idiopathic. There are numerous reports of viral-induced vasculitis, either associated with cryoglobulin presence (as in HCV infected patients) 4 , or unrelated to them (as in individuals with influenza-vaccine-induced vasculitis) 5 . Petechial Skin Rash Associated With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Chilblain-like lesions during COVID-19 epidemic: a preliminary study on 63 patients

title:
  Cutaneous small‐vessel vasculitis associated with novel 2019 coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (COVID‐19)

abstract:
  The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has rapidly become a global health issue. Although it is known to produce diverse cutaneous manifestations, some of them have yet to be described. This letter reports new dermatologic findings associated with a confirmed COVID‐19 case.


id: cord-339195-aq3hb68r
title: COVID‐19‐related acute genital ulcers
author: Falkenhain‐López, D.
date: 2020-06-26
txt: ./txt/cord-339195-aq3hb68r.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-339195-aq3hb68r.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32534473/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16740
summary:
  A wide variety of cutaneous manifestations has recently been reported as COVID-19-related skin lesions, such as erythematous rash, acro-ischemia or chilblain-like lesions 1, 2 , which can be useful for the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19. Dear editor, A wide variety of cutaneous manifestations has recently been reported as COVID-19-related skin lesions, such as erythematous rash, acro-ischaemia or chilblain-like lesions, 1,2 which can be useful for the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19. In order to report a new clinical manifestation of SARS Coronavirus 2, we present a case of acute reactive genital ulcers in a COVID-19 patient. In order to report a new clinical manifestation of SARS Coronavirus 2, we present a case of acute reactive genital ulcers in a COVID-19 patient. One week later, the patient returned to our department referring improvement of the genital ulcers with pain reduction and complete resolution of the oral aphtha.

abstract:
  A wide variety of cutaneous manifestations has recently been reported as COVID-19-related skin lesions, such as erythematous rash, acro-ischemia or chilblain-like lesions 1, 2 , which can be useful for the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19. Case reports of other less frequent COVID-19-related skin disorders such as pytiriasis rosea 3 or livedo reticularis 4 have been also described. In order to report a new clinical manifestation of SARS-Coronavirus-2, we present a case of acute reactive genital ulcers in a COVID-19 patient.


id: cord-340842-s00465sy
title: SARS‐CoV‐2, skin lesions and the need of a multidisciplinary approach
author: Cabrera‐Hernández, R.
date: 2020-06-13
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16745
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16745
abstract:
  COVID‐19 is a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 of the genus Betacoronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2). It was first described in Wuhan (China) on December 2019 and has spread to become a pandemic. Its clinical presentation is mainly characterized by cough, fever and dyspnea, although many other symptoms have been described within its presentation pattern. In some cases, it causes an acute respiratory distress that has lead to the death of thousands of people around the world. Furthermore, different types of skin lesions have been described during the infection period of illness.1 In this exceptional situation of global health emergency, physicians are undertaking research work in order to achieve notions on the etiopathogenesis of these skin lesions. The first report of cutaneous manifestations described different forms of skin lesions such as erythematous rash, urticaria and chicken‐pox‐like vesicles.2 Further studies have classified 5 different type of skin lesions, and associated them with patient demographics, timing in relation to symptoms of the disease, severity and prognosis.


id: cord-341118-h5t87vf8
author: Torres‐Navarro, Ignacio
date: 2020-05-26
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32455478/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16664
title:
  A case of cefditoren‐induced Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis during COVID‐19 pandemics. Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (SCARs) are an issue

abstract:
  We read with interest the article by Recalcati et al. about the report of cutaneous manifestations in COVID‐19 patients. We would like to highlight that some potentially severe manifestations in these patients are not directly related to the coronavirus but to the medications administered.


id: cord-341999-nosdj7b2
title: Evolution of COVID‐19 infection in 4 psoriatic patients treated with biological drugs
author: Conti, A.
date: 2020-05-07
txt: ./txt/cord-341999-nosdj7b2.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-341999-nosdj7b2.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16587
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16587
summary:
  Since December 2019, the pandemic coronavirus disease (2019‐nCoV; COVID‐19) has changed the approach to all dermatological diseases; in particular, psoriatic patients undergoing immunosuppressive drugs, such as biologics, can potentially show an increase risk of infection (1). However, few reports are available on the course of COVID‐19 infection in psoriatic patients treated with biological drugs (2). Since December 2019, the pandemic coronavirus disease (2019-nCoV; COVID-19) has changed the approach to all dermatological diseases; in particular, psoriatic patients undergoing immunosuppressive drugs, such as biologics, can potentially show an increase risk of infection (1) . However, few reports are available on the course of COVID-19 infection in psoriatic patients treated with biological drugs (2) . We describe a case series of four psoriatic patients treated with biologics who had a risk contact with COVID-19.

abstract:
  Since December 2019, the pandemic coronavirus disease (2019‐nCoV; COVID‐19) has changed the approach to all dermatological diseases; in particular, psoriatic patients undergoing immunosuppressive drugs, such as biologics, can potentially show an increase risk of infection (1). However, few reports are available on the course of COVID‐19 infection in psoriatic patients treated with biological drugs (2). We describe a case series of four psoriatic patients treated with biologics who had a risk contact with COVID‐19.


id: cord-342254-vdovpfu1
author: Mugheddu, C.
date: 2020-06-04
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16625
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16625
title:
  CID‐19 pulmonary infection in erythrodermic psoriatic patient with oligodendroglioma: safety and compatibility of apremilast with critical intensive care management

abstract:
  Novel coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV2) pandemic has particularly affected Italy, with a profound impact on the therapeutic strategy for complex disorder such as psoriasis, whose extensive skin damage might expose to an increased infective risk compared to the general population. Psoriasis treatment relies on immunosuppression, and although most experts agree that the benefit-to risk-ratio is in favor of maintaining selective biologic therapies, and small molecules such as apremilast, they recommend dismission if severe COVID-19 symptoms occur.


id: cord-344273-uztk6pc0
title: Estimated effect of COVID‐19 lockdown on melanoma thickness and prognosis: a rate of growth model
author: Tejera‐Vaquerizo, Antonio
date: 2020-05-02
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32362041/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16555
abstract:
  The coronavirus COVID‐19 pandemic, which emerged in Wuhan, China several months ago,(1) has led to large‐scale lockdown in many countries around the world, including Spain. Uncertainty about the duration of these measures led us to consider the potential impact of diagnostic delays due to the paralyzation of certain health procedures and services on the prognosis of patients with melanoma.


id: cord-345514-71qgingu
title: Urticaria (angioedema) and COVID‐ 19 infection
author: Najafzadeh, Mojgan
date: 2020-06-11
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32525251/
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16721
abstract:
  The novel coronavirus, otherwise known as COVID‐19 has fast become a major health concern.(1 2) It has been reported that in addition to the conventional respiratory symptoms, patients also display skin manifestations such as Urticaria and angioedema.(3) Here we present a case study of an elderly man who first presented with generalised pruritic hives ranging from 1.5 to 8.0 cm in diameter on the 5(th) of March 2020. The patient was investigated for another differential diagnosis of Urticaria such as parasitic and bacterial infection, for which negative results were found. On the 5th of March 2020 the patient‐reported these symptoms plus general malaise, fatigue, 37.9⁰C temperature and sore throat. Initial biochemical tests showed that the patient presented with low numbers of white blood cells (WBC) (WBC=2.75x10(3)).


id: cord-346017-wforwxes
author: Kasperkiewicz, M.
date: 2020-04-25
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16525
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16525
title:
  Expert recommendations for the management of autoimmune bullous diseases during the COVID‐19 pandemic

abstract:
  Autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBDs) are potentially life‐threatening disorders comprising intra‐epidermal/epithelial (pemphigus) and sub‐epidermal/epithelial blistering diseases (pemphigoid and dermatitis herpetiformis). Corticosteroids and non‐steroid immunomodulatory agents are the mainstays of treatment. Treatment can be challenging particularly in pemphigus, mucous membrane pemphigoid, and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita which may require more intense immunosuppressive approaches


id: cord-346763-xdfl659q
title: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome in a patient with COVID‐19
author: Herman, A.
date: 2020-08-13
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16838
doi: 10.1111/jdv.16838
abstract:
  Skin rashes associated with COVID-19 include eruptions induced by drugs prescribed for management of this infection. We report a case of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome in a patient with COVID-19. A 50-year-old man was admitted to the intensive care unit for pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome. COVID-19 was confirmed by positive RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 on nasopharyngeal swabs and later by positive IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 (114,5 AU/mL). In the context of fever >38,5°C, nine days after admission, the patient developed a generalized maculopapular rash on more than 70% of his body surface area with oedema of hands and face (Fig.1). Azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine had been initiated 18 and 17 days respectively prior to the skin eruption.


