Carrel name: journal-intJEnvironResPublicHealth-cord Creating study carrel named journal-intJEnvironResPublicHealth-cord Initializing database file: cache/cord-013317-s6ss95h6.json key: cord-013317-s6ss95h6 authors: Gallè, Francesca; Calella, Patrizia; Napoli, Christian; Liguori, Fabrizio; Parisi, Eduardo Alfonso; Orsi, Giovanni Battista; Liguori, Giorgio; Valerio, Giuliana title: Are Health Literacy and Lifestyle of Undergraduates Related to the Educational Field? An Italian Survey date: 2020-09-12 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186654 sha: doc_id: 13317 cord_uid: s6ss95h6 file: cache/cord-262567-gojbccmz.json key: cord-262567-gojbccmz authors: Lee, Seung-Man; Jeong, Hyun-Chul; So, Wi-Young; Youn, Hyun-Su title: Mediating Effect of Sports Participation on the Relationship between Health Perceptions and Health Promoting Behavior in Adolescents date: 2020-09-16 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186744 sha: doc_id: 262567 cord_uid: gojbccmz file: cache/cord-010334-7ce0xhjo.json key: cord-010334-7ce0xhjo authors: Li, Chun; He, Jianhua; Duan, Xingwu title: The Relationship Exploration between Public Migration Attention and Population Migration from a Perspective of Search Query date: 2020-04-01 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072388 sha: doc_id: 10334 cord_uid: 7ce0xhjo file: cache/cord-003640-psnec2qp.json key: cord-003640-psnec2qp authors: Mbareche, Hamza; Veillette, Marc; Pilote, Jonathan; Létourneau, Valérie; Duchaine, Caroline title: Bioaerosols Play a Major Role in the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota Content in Agricultural Environment date: 2019-04-16 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16081375 sha: doc_id: 3640 cord_uid: psnec2qp file: cache/cord-034351-5br4faov.json key: cord-034351-5br4faov authors: Xu, Shuang-Fei; Lu, Yi-Han; Zhang, Tao; Xiong, Hai-Yan; Wang, Wei-Bing title: Cross-Sectional Seroepidemiologic Study of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among Close Contacts, Children, and Migrant Workers in Shanghai date: 2020-10-02 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197223 sha: doc_id: 34351 cord_uid: 5br4faov file: cache/cord-253000-nwbmxepi.json key: cord-253000-nwbmxepi authors: Margină, Denisa; Ungurianu, Anca; Purdel, Carmen; Tsoukalas, Dimitris; Sarandi, Evangelia; Thanasoula, Maria; Tekos, Fotios; Mesnage, Robin; Kouretas, Demetrios; Tsatsakis, Aristidis title: Chronic Inflammation in the Context of Everyday Life: Dietary Changes as Mitigating Factors date: 2020-06-10 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114135 sha: doc_id: 253000 cord_uid: nwbmxepi file: cache/cord-012462-q8u47hdp.json key: cord-012462-q8u47hdp authors: Olsavszky, Victor; Dosius, Mihnea; Vladescu, Cristian; Benecke, Johannes title: Time Series Analysis and Forecasting with Automated Machine Learning on a National ICD-10 Database date: 2020-07-10 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17144979 sha: doc_id: 12462 cord_uid: q8u47hdp file: cache/cord-262637-crqw59k1.json key: cord-262637-crqw59k1 authors: Kwon, Sophia; Riggs, Jessica; Crowley, George; Lam, Rachel; Young, Isabel R.; Nayar, Christine; Sunseri, Maria; Mikhail, Mena; Ostrofsky, Dean; Veerappan, Arul; Zeig-Owens, Rachel; Schwartz, Theresa; Colbeth, Hilary; Liu, Mengling; Pompeii, Mary Lou; St-Jules, David; Prezant, David J.; Sevick, Mary Ann; Nolan, Anna title: Food Intake REstriction for Health OUtcome Support and Education (FIREHOUSE) Protocol: A Randomized Clinical Trial date: 2020-09-09 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186569 sha: doc_id: 262637 cord_uid: crqw59k1 file: cache/cord-011906-ek7joi0m.json key: cord-011906-ek7joi0m authors: Throuvala, Melina A.; Griffiths, Mark D.; Rennoldson, Mike; Kuss, Daria J. title: Mind over Matter: Testing the Efficacy of an Online Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Distraction from Smartphone Use date: 2020-07-05 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134842 sha: doc_id: 11906 cord_uid: ek7joi0m file: cache/cord-011537-e20zaosw.json key: cord-011537-e20zaosw authors: Vicent, María; Sanmartín, Ricardo; Vásconez-Rubio, Oswaldo; García-Fernández, José Manuel title: Perfectionism Profiles and Motivation to Exercise Based on Self-Determination Theory date: 2020-05-05 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093206 sha: doc_id: 11537 cord_uid: e20zaosw file: cache/cord-012515-dxu7ajse.json key: cord-012515-dxu7ajse authors: Kim, Sookyung; Lee, Hyeonkyeong; Lee, Hyeyeon; Loan, Bui Thi Thanh; Huyen, Le Thi Thanh; Huong, Nguyen Thi Thanh title: Prioritizing Training Needs of School Health Staff: The Example of Vietnam date: 2020-08-01 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155563 sha: doc_id: 12515 cord_uid: dxu7ajse file: cache/cord-002184-964tbh7d.json key: cord-002184-964tbh7d authors: Liu, Kui; Li, Li; Jiang, Tao; Chen, Bin; Jiang, Zhenggang; Wang, Zhengting; Chen, Yongdi; Jiang, Jianmin; Gu, Hua title: Chinese Public Attention to the Outbreak of Ebola in West Africa: Evidence from the Online Big Data Platform date: 2016-08-03 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13080780 sha: doc_id: 2184 cord_uid: 964tbh7d file: cache/cord-271898-cct702cv.json key: cord-271898-cct702cv authors: Duplaga, Mariusz title: The Acceptance of Key Public Health Interventions by the Polish Population Is Related to Health Literacy, But Not eHealth Literacy date: 2020-07-29 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155459 sha: doc_id: 271898 cord_uid: cct702cv file: cache/cord-013385-6nq4yzvz.json key: cord-013385-6nq4yzvz authors: Yang, Fan; Jiang, Yao title: Heterogeneous Influences of Social Support on Physical and Mental Health: Evidence from China date: 2020-09-18 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186838 sha: doc_id: 13385 cord_uid: 6nq4yzvz file: cache/cord-264560-hxvadp24.json key: cord-264560-hxvadp24 authors: Liu, Jui-Yao; Chen, Tzeng-Ji; Hwang, Shinn-Jang title: Analysis of Imported Cases of COVID-19 in Taiwan: A Nationwide Study date: 2020-05-09 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093311 sha: doc_id: 264560 cord_uid: hxvadp24 file: cache/cord-013405-68777jts.json key: cord-013405-68777jts authors: Lu, Wenze; Ngai, Cindy Sing Bik; Yang, Lu title: The Importance of Genuineness in Public Engagement—An Exploratory Study of Pediatric Communication on Social Media in China date: 2020-09-27 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197078 sha: doc_id: 13405 cord_uid: 68777jts file: cache/cord-011536-rb8g5llp.json key: cord-011536-rb8g5llp authors: Jiang, Dong; Wang, Qian; Bai, Zhihua; Qi, Heyuan; Ma, Juncai; Liu, Wenjun; Ding, Fangyu; Li, Jing title: Could Environment Affect the Mutation of H1N1 Influenza Virus? date: 2020-04-29 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093092 sha: doc_id: 11536 cord_uid: rb8g5llp file: cache/cord-013390-i5h7ob3n.json key: cord-013390-i5h7ob3n authors: Salem, Haya; Daher-Nashif, Suhad title: Psychosocial Aspects of Female Breast Cancer in the Middle East and North Africa date: 2020-09-18 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186802 sha: doc_id: 13390 cord_uid: i5h7ob3n file: cache/cord-258762-vabyyx01.json key: cord-258762-vabyyx01 authors: Garbey, Marc; Joerger, Guillaume; Furr, Shannon title: A Systems Approach to Assess Transport and Diffusion of Hazardous Airborne Particles in a Large Surgical Suite: Potential Impacts on Viral Airborne Transmission date: 2020-07-27 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155404 sha: doc_id: 258762 cord_uid: vabyyx01 file: cache/cord-268176-tb12txdf.json key: cord-268176-tb12txdf authors: Garcia de Avila, Marla Andréia; Hamamoto Filho, Pedro Tadao; Jacob, Francine Letícia da Silva; Alcantara, Léia Regina Souza; Berghammer, Malin; Jenholt Nolbris, Margaretha; Olaya-Contreras, Patricia; Nilsson, Stefan title: Children’s Anxiety and Factors Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Study Using the Children’s Anxiety Questionnaire and the Numerical Rating Scale date: 2020-08-09 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165757 sha: doc_id: 268176 cord_uid: tb12txdf file: cache/cord-269969-xl1ooxoj.json key: cord-269969-xl1ooxoj authors: Duong, Tuyen Van; Pham, Khue M.; Do, Binh N.; Kim, Giang B.; Dam, Hoa T. B.; Le, Vinh-Tuyen T.; Nguyen, Thao T. P.; Nguyen, Hiep T.; Nguyen, Trung T.; Le, Thuy T.; Do, Hien T. T.; Yang, Shwu-Huey title: Digital Healthy Diet Literacy and Self-Perceived Eating Behavior Change during COVID-19 Pandemic among Undergraduate Nursing and Medical Students: A Rapid Online Survey date: 2020-09-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197185 sha: doc_id: 269969 cord_uid: xl1ooxoj file: cache/cord-271887-blwrpf38.json key: cord-271887-blwrpf38 authors: Sampa, Masuda Begum; Hoque, Md. Rakibul; Islam, Rafiqul; Nishikitani, Mariko; Nakashima, Naoki; Yokota, Fumihiko; Kikuchi, Kimiyo; Rahman, Md Moshiur; Shah, Faiz; Ahmed, Ashir title: Redesigning Portable Health Clinic Platform as a Remote Healthcare System to Tackle COVID-19 Pandemic Situation in Unreached Communities date: 2020-06-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134709 sha: doc_id: 271887 cord_uid: blwrpf38 file: cache/cord-252870-52fjx7s4.json key: cord-252870-52fjx7s4 authors: Xie, Kefan; Liang, Benbu; Dulebenets, Maxim A.; Mei, Yanlan title: The Impact of Risk Perception on Social Distancing during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China date: 2020-08-27 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176256 sha: doc_id: 252870 cord_uid: 52fjx7s4 file: cache/cord-002438-b8t4a57r.json key: cord-002438-b8t4a57r authors: Cheng, Wei; Yu, Zhao; Liu, Shelan; Zhang, Xueying; Wang, Xiaoxiao; Cai, Jian; Ling, Feng; Chen, Enfu title: Comparison of Influenza Epidemiological and Virological Characteristics between Outpatients and Inpatients in Zhejiang Province, China, March 2011–June 2015 date: 2017-02-22 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14020217 sha: doc_id: 2438 cord_uid: b8t4a57r file: cache/cord-255228-nopt5ql5.json key: cord-255228-nopt5ql5 authors: Romero-Blanco, Cristina; Rodríguez-Almagro, Julián; Onieva-Zafra, María Dolores; Parra-Fernández, María Laura; Prado-Laguna, María del Carmen; Hernández-Martínez, Antonio title: Sleep Pattern Changes in Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Lockdown date: 2020-07-20 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145222 sha: doc_id: 255228 cord_uid: nopt5ql5 file: cache/cord-274459-781by93r.json key: cord-274459-781by93r authors: Khalifa, Shaden A. M.; Mohamed, Briksam S.; Elashal, Mohamed H.; Du, Ming; Guo, Zhiming; Zhao, Chao; Musharraf, Syed Ghulam; Boskabady, Mohammad H.; El-Seedi, Haged H. R.; Efferth, Thomas; El-Seedi, Hesham R. title: Comprehensive Overview on Multiple Strategies Fighting COVID-19 date: 2020-08-11 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165813 sha: doc_id: 274459 cord_uid: 781by93r file: cache/cord-256041-k4y6t0i5.json key: cord-256041-k4y6t0i5 authors: Gómez-Salgado, Juan; Andrés-Villas, Montserrat; Domínguez-Salas, Sara; Díaz-Milanés, Diego; Ruiz-Frutos, Carlos title: Related Health Factors of Psychological Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain date: 2020-06-02 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113947 sha: doc_id: 256041 cord_uid: k4y6t0i5 file: cache/cord-003612-bp7sray2.json key: cord-003612-bp7sray2 authors: Hu, Guangyu; Han, Xueyan; Zhou, Huixuan; Liu, Yuanli title: Public Perception on Healthcare Services: Evidence from Social Media Platforms in China date: 2019-04-10 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16071273 sha: doc_id: 3612 cord_uid: bp7sray2 file: cache/cord-252894-c02v47jz.json key: cord-252894-c02v47jz authors: Chae, Sangwon; Kwon, Sungjun; Lee, Donghyun title: Predicting Infectious Disease Using Deep Learning and Big Data date: 2018-07-27 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081596 sha: doc_id: 252894 cord_uid: c02v47jz file: cache/cord-281741-wzsrqc7p.json key: cord-281741-wzsrqc7p authors: Xu, Bo; Tian, Huaiyu; Sabel, Clive Eric; Xu, Bing title: Impacts of Road Traffic Network and Socioeconomic Factors on the Diffusion of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in Mainland China date: 2019-04-05 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16071223 sha: doc_id: 281741 cord_uid: wzsrqc7p file: cache/cord-264133-yj100ryt.json key: cord-264133-yj100ryt authors: Anderson, Gregory S.; Di Nota, Paula M.; Groll, Dianne; Carleton, R. Nicholas title: Peer Support and Crisis-Focused Psychological Interventions Designed to Mitigate Post-Traumatic Stress Injuries among Public Safety and Frontline Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review date: 2020-10-20 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207645 sha: doc_id: 264133 cord_uid: yj100ryt file: cache/cord-268716-lbxmteyn.json key: cord-268716-lbxmteyn authors: Erokhin, Vasilii; Gao, Tianming title: Impacts of COVID-19 on Trade and Economic Aspects of Food Security: Evidence from 45 Developing Countries date: 2020-08-10 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165775 sha: doc_id: 268716 cord_uid: lbxmteyn file: cache/cord-254234-8w1z3un6.json key: cord-254234-8w1z3un6 authors: Ahmed, Shahira A.; Karanis, Panagiotis title: Cryptosporidium and Cryptosporidiosis: The Perspective from the Gulf Countries date: 2020-09-18 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186824 sha: doc_id: 254234 cord_uid: 8w1z3un6 file: cache/cord-257575-qumwrgng.json key: cord-257575-qumwrgng authors: Gómez, Laura E.; Monsalve, Asunción; Morán, Mª Lucía; Alcedo, Mª Ángeles; Lombardi, Marco; Schalock, Robert L. title: Measurable Indicators of CRPD for People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities within the Quality of Life Framework date: 2020-07-15 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145123 sha: doc_id: 257575 cord_uid: qumwrgng file: cache/cord-263518-6puccigu.json key: cord-263518-6puccigu authors: Maarefvand, Masoomeh; Hosseinzadeh, Samaneh; Farmani, Ozra; Safarabadi Farahani, Atefeh; Khubchandani, Jagdish title: Coronavirus Outbreak and Stress in Iranians date: 2020-06-20 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124441 sha: doc_id: 263518 cord_uid: 6puccigu file: cache/cord-256636-z14anp3h.json key: cord-256636-z14anp3h authors: Muennig, Peter; McEwen, Bruce; Belsky, Daniel W.; Noble, Kimberly G.; Riccio, James; Manly, Jennifer title: Determining the Optimal Outcome Measures for Studying the Social Determinants of Health date: 2020-04-27 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093028 sha: doc_id: 256636 cord_uid: z14anp3h file: cache/cord-262647-kkvekors.json key: cord-262647-kkvekors authors: Niwa, Makoto; Hara, Yasushi; Sengoku, Shintaro; Kodama, Kota title: Effectiveness of Social Measures against COVID-19 Outbreaks in Selected Japanese Regions Analyzed by System Dynamic Modeling date: 2020-08-27 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176238 sha: doc_id: 262647 cord_uid: kkvekors file: cache/cord-256004-rqdeac7h.json key: cord-256004-rqdeac7h authors: Wilcox, Elizabeth S.; Chimedza, Ida Tsitsi; Mabhele, Simphiwe; Romao, Paulo; Spiegel, Jerry M.; Zungu, Muzimkhulu; Yassi, Annalee title: Empowering Health Workers to Protect their Own Health: A Study of Enabling Factors and Barriers to Implementing HealthWISE in Mozambique, South Africa, and Zimbabwe date: 2020-06-23 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124519 sha: doc_id: 256004 cord_uid: rqdeac7h file: cache/cord-268779-qbn3i2nq.json key: cord-268779-qbn3i2nq authors: Alrasheed, Hend; Althnian, Alhanoof; Kurdi, Heba; Al-Mgren, Heila; Alharbi, Sulaiman title: COVID-19 Spread in Saudi Arabia: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis date: 2020-10-23 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217744 sha: doc_id: 268779 cord_uid: qbn3i2nq file: cache/cord-011818-z89m8dur.json key: cord-011818-z89m8dur authors: Ki, Jison; Ryu, Jaegeum; Baek, Jihyun; Huh, Iksoo; Choi-Kwon, Smi title: Association between Health Problems and Turnover Intention in Shift Work Nurses: Health Problem Clustering date: 2020-06-24 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124532 sha: doc_id: 11818 cord_uid: z89m8dur file: cache/cord-259809-7glw6pir.json key: cord-259809-7glw6pir authors: Lloyd, Helen M.; Ekman, Inger; Rogers, Heather L.; Raposo, Vítor; Melo, Paulo; Marinkovic, Valentina D.; Buttigieg, Sandra C.; Srulovici, Einav; Lewandowski, Roman Andrzej; Britten, Nicky title: Supporting Innovative Person-Centred Care in Financially Constrained Environments: The WE CARE Exploratory Health Laboratory Evaluation Strategy date: 2020-04-28 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093050 sha: doc_id: 259809 cord_uid: 7glw6pir file: cache/cord-013401-yh8cu1hx.json key: cord-013401-yh8cu1hx authors: Hitachi, Mami; Wanjihia, Violet; Nyandieka, Lilian; Francesca, Chepkirui; Wekesa, Norah; Changoma, Juma; Muniu, Erastus; Ndemwa, Phillip; Honda, Sumihisa; Hirayama, Kenji; Karama, Mohammed; Kaneko, Satoshi title: Improvement of Dietary Diversity and Attitude toward Recommended Feeding through Novel Community Based Nutritional Education Program in Coastal Kenya—An Intervention Study date: 2020-10-05 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197269 sha: doc_id: 13401 cord_uid: yh8cu1hx file: cache/cord-267874-k6tmu5gi.json key: cord-267874-k6tmu5gi authors: Ramírez, Ivan J.; Lee, Jieun title: COVID-19 Emergence and Social and Health Determinants in Colorado: A Rapid Spatial Analysis date: 2020-05-29 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113856 sha: doc_id: 267874 cord_uid: k6tmu5gi file: cache/cord-011540-9jvoa8vr.json key: cord-011540-9jvoa8vr authors: Suárez-Barraza, Manuel F.; Miguel-Davila, José A. title: Kaizen–Kata, a Problem-Solving Approach to Public Service Health Care in Mexico. A Multiple-Case Study date: 2020-05-09 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093297 sha: doc_id: 11540 cord_uid: 9jvoa8vr file: cache/cord-265937-f39md0vk.json key: cord-265937-f39md0vk authors: Cachón-Zagalaz, Javier; Sanabrias-Moreno, Déborah; Sánchez-Zafra, María; Zagalaz-Sánchez, María Luisa; Lara-Sánchez, Amador Jesús title: Use of the Smartphone and Self-Concept in University Students According to the Gender Variable date: 2020-06-12 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124184 sha: doc_id: 265937 cord_uid: f39md0vk file: cache/cord-012022-r3xkpwte.json key: cord-012022-r3xkpwte authors: Keeble, Matthew; Adams, Jean; Sacks, Gary; Vanderlee, Lana; White, Christine M.; Hammond, David; Burgoine, Thomas title: Use of Online Food Delivery Services to Order Food Prepared Away-From-Home and Associated Sociodemographic Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional, Multi-Country Analysis date: 2020-07-17 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145190 sha: doc_id: 12022 cord_uid: r3xkpwte file: cache/cord-274778-wds40e6i.json key: cord-274778-wds40e6i authors: Tejedor, Santiago; Cervi, Laura; Tusa, Fernanda; Portales, Marta; Zabotina, Margarita title: Information on the COVID-19 Pandemic in Daily Newspapers’ Front Pages: Case Study of Spain and Italy date: 2020-08-31 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176330 sha: doc_id: 274778 cord_uid: wds40e6i file: cache/cord-283398-wplz8o2k.json key: cord-283398-wplz8o2k authors: Sanders, Chris; Burnett, Kristin; Lam, Steven; Hassan, Mehdia; Skinner, Kelly title: “You Need ID to Get ID”: A Scoping Review of Personal Identification as a Barrier to and Facilitator of the Social Determinants of Health in North America date: 2020-06-13 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124227 sha: doc_id: 283398 cord_uid: wplz8o2k file: cache/cord-279864-5ouuu49v.json key: cord-279864-5ouuu49v authors: Hou, Jing; Lv, Dachao; Sun, Yuexia; Wang, Pan; Zhang, Qingnan; Sundell, Jan title: Children’s Respiratory Infections in Tianjin Area, China: Associations with Home Environments and Lifestyles date: 2020-06-07 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114069 sha: doc_id: 279864 cord_uid: 5ouuu49v file: cache/cord-277228-zk4arqw5.json key: cord-277228-zk4arqw5 authors: Suleiman, Aiman; Bsisu, Isam; Guzu, Hasan; Santarisi, Abeer; Alsatari, Murad; Abbad, Ala’; Jaber, Ahmad; Harb, Taima’a; Abuhejleh, Ahmad; Nadi, Nisreen; Aloweidi, Abdelkarim; Almustafa, Mahmoud title: Preparedness of Frontline Doctors in Jordan Healthcare Facilities to COVID-19 Outbreak date: 2020-05-02 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093181 sha: doc_id: 277228 cord_uid: zk4arqw5 file: cache/cord-264811-xbeipob9.json key: cord-264811-xbeipob9 authors: Choi, Yongin; Kim, James Slghee; Choi, Heejin; Lee, Hyojung; Lee, Chang Hyeong title: Assessment of Social Distancing for Controlling COVID-19 in Korea: An Age-Structured Modeling Approach date: 2020-10-14 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207474 sha: doc_id: 264811 cord_uid: xbeipob9 file: cache/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.json key: cord-277077-kwaiorp8 authors: Tița, Ovidiu; Constantinescu, Maria Adelina; Tița, Mihaela Adriana; Georgescu, Cecilia title: Use of Yoghurt Enhanced with Volatile Plant Oils Encapsulated in Sodium Alginate to Increase the Human Body’s Immunity in the Present Fight Against Stress date: 2020-10-19 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207588 sha: doc_id: 277077 cord_uid: kwaiorp8 file: cache/cord-279116-auo80gaq.json key: cord-279116-auo80gaq authors: Vallejo-Martín, Macarena; Canto, Jesús M.; San Martín García, Jesús E.; Perles Novas, Fabiola title: Prejudice and Feeling of Threat towards Syrian Refugees: The Moderating Effects of Precarious Employment and Perceived Low Outgroup Morality date: 2020-09-03 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176411 sha: doc_id: 279116 cord_uid: auo80gaq file: cache/cord-270948-qfsjtflv.json key: cord-270948-qfsjtflv authors: Klosterhalfen, Stephanie; Kotz, Daniel; Kuntz, Benjamin; Zeiher, Johannes; Starker, Anne title: Waterpipe Use among Adolescents in Germany: Prevalence, Associated Consumer Characteristics, and Trends (German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents, KiGGS) date: 2020-10-22 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217740 sha: doc_id: 270948 cord_uid: qfsjtflv file: cache/cord-258965-g47n531n.json key: cord-258965-g47n531n authors: Ekpenyong, Bernadine; Obinwanne, Chukwuemeka J.; Ovenseri-Ogbomo, Godwin; Ahaiwe, Kelechukwu; Lewis, Okonokhua O.; Echendu, Damian C.; Osuagwu, Uchechukwu L. title: Assessment of Knowledge, Practice and Guidelines towards the Novel COVID-19 among Eye Care Practitioners in Nigeria–A Survey-Based Study date: 2020-07-16 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145141 sha: doc_id: 258965 cord_uid: g47n531n file: cache/cord-266239-l0ulr2ep.json key: cord-266239-l0ulr2ep authors: Freeman, Shannon; Marston, Hannah R.; Olynick, Janna; Musselwhite, Charles; Kulczycki, Cory; Genoe, Rebecca; Xiong, Beibei title: Intergenerational Effects on the Impacts of Technology Use in Later Life: Insights from an International, Multi-Site Study date: 2020-08-07 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165711 sha: doc_id: 266239 cord_uid: l0ulr2ep file: cache/cord-267996-5l9shks8.json key: cord-267996-5l9shks8 authors: Tysiąc-Miśta, Monika; Dziedzic, Arkadiusz title: The Attitudes and Professional Approaches of Dental Practitioners during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Survey date: 2020-06-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134703 sha: doc_id: 267996 cord_uid: 5l9shks8 file: cache/cord-032625-u8qces3r.json key: cord-032625-u8qces3r authors: Park, Se-Won; Yoon, Ra Gyoung; Lee, Hyunwoo; Lee, Heon-Jin; Choi, Yong-Do; Lee, Du-Hyeong title: Impacts of Thresholds of Gray Value for Cone-Beam Computed Tomography 3D Reconstruction on the Accuracy of Image Matching with Optical Scan date: 2020-09-01 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176375 sha: doc_id: 32625 cord_uid: u8qces3r file: cache/cord-259149-svryhcgy.json key: cord-259149-svryhcgy authors: Su, Yue; Xue, Jia; Liu, Xiaoqian; Wu, Peijing; Chen, Junxiang; Chen, Chen; Liu, Tianli; Gong, Weigang; Zhu, Tingshao title: Examining the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown in Wuhan and Lombardy: A Psycholinguistic Analysis on Weibo and Twitter date: 2020-06-24 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124552 sha: doc_id: 259149 cord_uid: svryhcgy file: cache/cord-265786-nstd8xak.json key: cord-265786-nstd8xak authors: Kimhi, Shaul; Eshel, Yohanan; Marciano, Hadas; Adini, Bruria title: A Renewed Outbreak of the COVID−19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study of Distress, Resilience, and Subjective Well-Being date: 2020-10-23 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217743 sha: doc_id: 265786 cord_uid: nstd8xak file: cache/cord-258915-lgee3ers.json key: cord-258915-lgee3ers authors: Liddle, Jennifer; Pitcher, Nicole; Montague, Kyle; Hanratty, Barbara; Standing, Holly; Scharf, Thomas title: Connecting at Local Level: Exploring Opportunities for Future Design of Technology to Support Social Connections in Age-friendly Communities date: 2020-07-31 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155544 sha: doc_id: 258915 cord_uid: lgee3ers file: cache/cord-288184-fa1niz51.json key: cord-288184-fa1niz51 authors: Kwon, Chan-Young; Kwak, Hui-Yong; Kim, Jong Woo title: Using Mind–Body Modalities via Telemedicine during the COVID-19 Crisis: Cases in the Republic of Korea date: 2020-06-22 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124477 sha: doc_id: 288184 cord_uid: fa1niz51 file: cache/cord-013420-0nmil3yt.json key: cord-013420-0nmil3yt authors: Tombat, Kabir; van Dijk, Jitse P. title: Roma Health: An Overview of Communicable Diseases in Eastern and Central Europe date: 2020-10-20 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207632 sha: doc_id: 13420 cord_uid: 0nmil3yt file: cache/cord-285223-07o9irev.json key: cord-285223-07o9irev authors: Malik, Usman Rashid; Atif, Naveel; Hashmi, Furqan Khurshid; Saleem, Fahad; Saeed, Hamid; Islam, Muhammad; Jiang, Minghuan; Zhao, Mingyue; Yang, Caijun; Fang, Yu title: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Healthcare Professionals on COVID-19 and Risk Assessment to Prevent the Epidemic Spread: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study from Punjab, Pakistan date: 2020-09-02 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176395 sha: doc_id: 285223 cord_uid: 07o9irev file: cache/cord-255602-3pzh5ur9.json key: cord-255602-3pzh5ur9 authors: Moscadelli, Andrea; Albora, Giuseppe; Biamonte, Massimiliano Alberto; Giorgetti, Duccio; Innocenzio, Michele; Paoli, Sonia; Lorini, Chiara; Bonanni, Paolo; Bonaccorsi, Guglielmo title: Fake News and Covid-19 in Italy: Results of a Quantitative Observational Study date: 2020-08-12 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165850 sha: doc_id: 255602 cord_uid: 3pzh5ur9 file: cache/cord-274774-klystgj4.json key: cord-274774-klystgj4 authors: Huang, Naizhu; Qiu, Shaoping; Alizadeh, Amin; Wu, Hongchao title: How Incivility and Academic Stress Influence Psychological Health among College Students: The Moderating Role of Gratitude date: 2020-05-06 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093237 sha: doc_id: 274774 cord_uid: klystgj4 file: cache/cord-264798-s31gncge.json key: cord-264798-s31gncge authors: Lu, Tingting; Lane, Matthew; der Horst, Dan Van; Liang, Xin; Wu, Jianing title: Exploring the Impacts of Living in a “Green” City on Individual BMI: A Study of Lingang New Town in Shanghai, China date: 2020-09-28 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197105 sha: doc_id: 264798 cord_uid: s31gncge file: cache/cord-270796-ixpt6jnr.json key: cord-270796-ixpt6jnr authors: Khurshid, Zohaib; Asiri, Faris Yahya Ibrahim; Al Wadaani, Hamed title: Human Saliva: Non-Invasive Fluid for Detecting Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) date: 2020-03-26 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072225 sha: doc_id: 270796 cord_uid: ixpt6jnr file: cache/cord-283175-kh2rm2ir.json key: cord-283175-kh2rm2ir authors: Roma, Paolo; Monaro, Merylin; Muzi, Laura; Colasanti, Marco; Ricci, Eleonora; Biondi, Silvia; Napoli, Christian; Ferracuti, Stefano; Mazza, Cristina title: How to Improve Compliance with Protective Health Measures during the COVID-19 Outbreak: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model and Machine Learning Algorithms date: 2020-10-04 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197252 sha: doc_id: 283175 cord_uid: kh2rm2ir file: cache/cord-266257-hp11at50.json key: cord-266257-hp11at50 authors: Zhang, Yao; Zhang, Haoyu; Ma, Xindong; Di, Qian title: Mental Health Problems during the COVID-19 Pandemics and the Mitigation Effects of Exercise: A Longitudinal Study of College Students in China date: 2020-05-25 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103722 sha: doc_id: 266257 cord_uid: hp11at50 file: cache/cord-254471-4lomiv5d.json key: cord-254471-4lomiv5d authors: Kupcewicz, Ewa; Grochans, Elżbieta; Mikla, Marzena; Kadučáková, Helena; Jóźwik, Marcin title: Role of Global Self-Esteem in Predicting Life Satisfaction of Nursing Students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia date: 2020-07-27 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155392 sha: doc_id: 254471 cord_uid: 4lomiv5d file: cache/cord-254633-7re0k0d1.json key: cord-254633-7re0k0d1 authors: Azarkamand, Sahar; Wooldridge, Chris; Darbra, R. M. title: Review of Initiatives and Methodologies to Reduce CO(2) Emissions and Climate Change Effects in Ports date: 2020-05-29 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113858 sha: doc_id: 254633 cord_uid: 7re0k0d1 file: cache/cord-285386-kvo544hh.json key: cord-285386-kvo544hh authors: Wen, Ya; Chen, Huaruo; Pang, Liman; Gu, Xueying title: The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy of Chinese Vocational College Students date: 2020-06-23 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124511 sha: doc_id: 285386 cord_uid: kvo544hh file: cache/cord-255119-l82o5fif.json key: cord-255119-l82o5fif authors: Passerini, Giorgio; Mancinelli, Enrico; Morichetti, Mauro; Virgili, Simone; Rizza, Umberto title: A Preliminary Investigation on the Statistical Correlations between SARS-CoV-2 Spread and Local Meteorology date: 2020-06-05 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114051 sha: doc_id: 255119 cord_uid: l82o5fif file: cache/cord-271765-altqn10l.json key: cord-271765-altqn10l authors: Fernández-Díaz, Elena; Iglesias-Sánchez, Patricia P.; Jambrino-Maldonado, Carmen title: Exploring WHO Communication during the COVID 19 Pandemic through the WHO Website Based on W3C Guidelines: Accessible for All? date: 2020-08-05 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165663 sha: doc_id: 271765 cord_uid: altqn10l file: cache/cord-272497-ww9o1kjr.json key: cord-272497-ww9o1kjr authors: Al-Anzi, Bader S.; Alenizi, Mohammad; Al Dallal, Jehad; Abookleesh, Frage Lhadi; Ullah, Aman title: An Overview of the World Current and Future Assessment of Novel COVID-19 Trajectory, Impact, and Potential Preventive Strategies at Healthcare Settings date: 2020-09-25 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197016 sha: doc_id: 272497 cord_uid: ww9o1kjr file: cache/cord-278870-pct184oa.json key: cord-278870-pct184oa authors: Finell, Eerika; Vainio, Annukka title: The Combined Effect of Perceived COVID-19 Infection Risk at Work and Identification with Work Community on Psychosocial Wellbeing among Finnish Social Sector and Health Care Workers date: 2020-10-19 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207623 sha: doc_id: 278870 cord_uid: pct184oa file: cache/cord-285513-pkqos0s5.json key: cord-285513-pkqos0s5 authors: Stangvaltaite-Mouhat, Lina; Uhlen, Marte-Mari; Skudutyte-Rysstad, Rasa; Szyszko Hovden, Ewa Alicja; Shabestari, Maziar; Ansteinsson, Vibeke Elise title: Dental Health Services Response to COVID-19 in Norway date: 2020-08-12 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165843 sha: doc_id: 285513 cord_uid: pkqos0s5 file: cache/cord-273565-0en2sl3q.json key: cord-273565-0en2sl3q authors: Scarano, Antonio; Inchingolo, Francesco; Lorusso, Felice title: Facial Skin Temperature and Discomfort When Wearing Protective Face Masks: Thermal Infrared Imaging Evaluation and Hands Moving the Mask date: 2020-06-27 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134624 sha: doc_id: 273565 cord_uid: 0en2sl3q file: cache/cord-271853-wexe9gq0.json key: cord-271853-wexe9gq0 authors: Lu, Quan; Cai, Zehao; Chen, Bin; Liu, Tao title: Social Policy Responses to the Covid-19 Crisis in China in 2020 date: 2020-08-14 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165896 sha: doc_id: 271853 cord_uid: wexe9gq0 file: cache/cord-283514-7rjo9k4d.json key: cord-283514-7rjo9k4d authors: Šagát, Peter; Bartík, Peter; Prieto González, Pablo; Tohănean, Dragoș Ioan; Knjaz, Damir title: Impact of COVID-19Quarantine on Low Back Pain Intensity, Prevalence, and Associated Risk Factors among Adult Citizens Residing in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia): A Cross-Sectional Study date: 2020-10-06 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197302 sha: doc_id: 283514 cord_uid: 7rjo9k4d file: cache/cord-284272-68ykes60.json key: cord-284272-68ykes60 authors: Suso-Ribera, Carlos; Martín-Brufau, Ramón title: How Much Support Is There for the Recommendations Made to the General Population during Confinement? A Study during the First Three Days of the COVID–19 Quarantine in Spain date: 2020-06-18 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124382 sha: doc_id: 284272 cord_uid: 68ykes60 file: cache/cord-287426-tzqke3ci.json key: cord-287426-tzqke3ci authors: Herrero, Rocío; Vara, Mª Dolores; Miragall, Marta; Botella, Cristina; García-Palacios, Azucena; Riper, Heleen; Kleiboer, Annet; Baños, Rosa Mª title: Working Alliance Inventory for Online Interventions-Short Form (WAI-TECH-SF): The Role of the Therapeutic Alliance between Patient and Online Program in Therapeutic Outcomes date: 2020-08-25 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176169 sha: doc_id: 287426 cord_uid: tzqke3ci file: cache/cord-281961-5mdiwzvc.json key: cord-281961-5mdiwzvc authors: de las Heras-Pedrosa, Carlos; Sánchez-Núñez, Pablo; Peláez, José Ignacio title: Sentiment Analysis and Emotion Understanding during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain and Its Impact on Digital Ecosystems date: 2020-07-31 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155542 sha: doc_id: 281961 cord_uid: 5mdiwzvc file: cache/cord-283537-49ic7p3u.json key: cord-283537-49ic7p3u authors: Chong, Ka Chun; Goggins, William; Zee, Benny Chung Ying; Wang, Maggie Haitian title: Identifying Meteorological Drivers for the Seasonal Variations of Influenza Infections in a Subtropical City — Hong Kong date: 2015-01-28 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120201560 sha: doc_id: 283537 cord_uid: 49ic7p3u file: cache/cord-264629-kuknvemy.json key: cord-264629-kuknvemy authors: Sáez, Gemma; Ruiz, Manuel J.; Delclós-López, Gabriel; Expósito, Francisca; Fernández-Artamendi, Sergio title: The Effect of Prescription Drugs and Alcohol Consumption on Intimate Partner Violence Victim Blaming date: 2020-07-01 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134747 sha: doc_id: 264629 cord_uid: kuknvemy file: cache/cord-267034-s3hf4bo5.json key: cord-267034-s3hf4bo5 authors: Palladino, Raffaele; Bollon, Jordy; Ragazzoni, Luca; Barone-Adesi, Francesco title: Excess Deaths and Hospital Admissions for COVID-19 Due to a Late Implementation of the Lockdown in Italy date: 2020-08-05 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165644 sha: doc_id: 267034 cord_uid: s3hf4bo5 file: cache/cord-277558-w2srv5em.json key: cord-277558-w2srv5em authors: Babuna, Pius; Yang, Xiaohua; Gyilbag, Amatus; Awudi, Doris Abra; Ngmenbelle, David; Bian, Dehui title: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Insurance Industry date: 2020-08-10 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165766 sha: doc_id: 277558 cord_uid: w2srv5em file: cache/cord-285526-xm9yj5ua.json key: cord-285526-xm9yj5ua authors: Gill, Balvinder Singh; Jayaraj, Vivek Jason; Singh, Sarbhan; Mohd Ghazali, Sumarni; Cheong, Yoon Ling; Md Iderus, Nuur Hafizah; Sundram, Bala Murali; Aris, Tahir Bin; Mohd Ibrahim, Hishamshah; Hong, Boon Hao; Labadin, Jane title: Modelling the Effectiveness of Epidemic Control Measures in Preventing the Transmission of COVID-19 in Malaysia date: 2020-07-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155509 sha: doc_id: 285526 cord_uid: xm9yj5ua file: cache/cord-259971-e3h8pr1v.json key: cord-259971-e3h8pr1v authors: Nwachukwu, Izu; Nkire, Nnamdi; Shalaby, Reham; Hrabok, Marianne; Vuong, Wesley; Gusnowski, April; Surood, Shireen; Urichuk, Liana; Greenshaw, Andrew J.; Agyapong, Vincent I.O. title: COVID-19 Pandemic: Age-Related Differences in Measures of Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Canada date: 2020-09-01 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176366 sha: doc_id: 259971 cord_uid: e3h8pr1v file: cache/cord-272406-h22atwd4.json key: cord-272406-h22atwd4 authors: Diotaiuti, Pierluigi; Mancone, Stefania; Bellizzi, Fernando; Valente, Giuseppe title: The Principal at Risk: Stress and Organizing Mindfulness in the School Context date: 2020-08-31 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176318 sha: doc_id: 272406 cord_uid: h22atwd4 file: cache/cord-275711-ejw3ausf.json key: cord-275711-ejw3ausf authors: Mon-López, Daniel; de la Rubia Riaza, Alfonso; Hontoria Galán, Mónica; Refoyo Roman, Ignacio title: The Impact of Covid-19 and the Effect of Psychological Factors on Training Conditions of Handball Players date: 2020-09-05 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186471 sha: doc_id: 275711 cord_uid: ejw3ausf file: cache/cord-271736-29oavyc4.json key: cord-271736-29oavyc4 authors: Madden, Rosamond H.; Lukersmith, Sue; Zhou, Qingsheng; Glasgow, Melita; Johnston, Scott title: Disability-Related Questions for Administrative Datasets date: 2020-07-28 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155435 sha: doc_id: 271736 cord_uid: 29oavyc4 file: cache/cord-283771-hh4p7cg3.json key: cord-283771-hh4p7cg3 authors: Ku-Yuan, Lee; Li-Chi, Lan; Jiun-Hao, Wang; Chen-Ling, Fang; Kun-Sun, Shiao title: How to Reduce the Latent Social Risk of Disease: The Determinants of Vaccination against Rabies in Taiwan date: 2014-06-04 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110605934 sha: doc_id: 283771 cord_uid: hh4p7cg3 file: cache/cord-287196-re4sosff.json key: cord-287196-re4sosff authors: Shahzad, Fakhar; Du, Jianguo; Khan, Imran; Fateh, Adnan; Shahbaz, Muhammad; Abbas, Adnan; Wattoo, Muhammad Umair title: Perceived Threat of COVID-19 Contagion and Frontline Paramedics’ Agonistic Behaviour: Employing a Stressor–Strain–Outcome Perspective date: 2020-07-15 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145102 sha: doc_id: 287196 cord_uid: re4sosff file: cache/cord-262927-mehijkzo.json key: cord-262927-mehijkzo authors: Guo, Shuaijun; Yu, Xiaoming; Okan, Orkan title: Moving Health Literacy Research and Practice towards a Vision of Equity, Precision and Transparency date: 2020-10-20 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207650 sha: doc_id: 262927 cord_uid: mehijkzo file: cache/cord-289378-ghmqd3yv.json key: cord-289378-ghmqd3yv authors: Wang, Peng-Wei; Ko, Nai-Ying; Chang, Yu-Ping; Wu, Chia-Fen; Lu, Wei-Hsin; Yen, Cheng-Fang title: Subjective Deterioration of Physical and Psychological Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Their Association with the Adoption of Protective Behaviors and Mental Health Problems date: 2020-09-18 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186827 sha: doc_id: 289378 cord_uid: ghmqd3yv file: cache/cord-291916-5yqc3zcx.json key: cord-291916-5yqc3zcx authors: Hozhabri, Hossein; Piceci Sparascio, Francesca; Sohrabi, Hamidreza; Mousavifar, Leila; Roy, René; Scribano, Daniela; De Luca, Alessandro; Ambrosi, Cecilia; Sarshar, Meysam title: The Global Emergency of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): An Update of the Current Status and Forecasting date: 2020-08-05 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165648 sha: doc_id: 291916 cord_uid: 5yqc3zcx file: cache/cord-295513-q5f8d0ig.json key: cord-295513-q5f8d0ig authors: Zhao, Pengcheng; Zhang, Nan; Li, Yuguo title: A Comparison of Infection Venues of COVID-19 Case Clusters in Northeast China date: 2020-06-03 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113955 sha: doc_id: 295513 cord_uid: q5f8d0ig file: cache/cord-288409-idq780jb.json key: cord-288409-idq780jb authors: Alsahafi, Abdullah J.; Cheng, Allen C. title: Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours of Healthcare Workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to MERS Coronavirus and Other Emerging Infectious Diseases date: 2016-12-06 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13121214 sha: doc_id: 288409 cord_uid: idq780jb file: cache/cord-288392-khjo6j8u.json key: cord-288392-khjo6j8u authors: Davern, Melanie; Winterton, Rachel; Brasher, Kathleen; Woolcock, Geoff title: How Can the Lived Environment Support Healthy Ageing? A Spatial Indicators Framework for the Assessment of Age-Friendly Communities date: 2020-10-21 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207685 sha: doc_id: 288392 cord_uid: khjo6j8u file: cache/cord-289451-yjrh5l4u.json key: cord-289451-yjrh5l4u authors: Xiao, Huidi; Shu, Wen; Li, Menglong; Li, Ziang; Tao, Fangbiao; Wu, Xiaoyan; Yu, Yizhen; Meng, Heng; Vermund, Sten H.; Hu, Yifei title: Social Distancing among Medical Students during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease Pandemic in China: Disease Awareness, Anxiety Disorder, Depression, and Behavioral Activities date: 2020-07-14 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145047 sha: doc_id: 289451 cord_uid: yjrh5l4u file: cache/cord-292173-95t89yee.json key: cord-292173-95t89yee authors: Villani, Federico Alcide; Aiuto, Riccardo; Paglia, Luigi; Re, Dino title: COVID-19 and Dentistry: Prevention in Dental Practice, a Literature Review date: 2020-06-26 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124609 sha: doc_id: 292173 cord_uid: 95t89yee file: cache/cord-292409-hz5qj1fw.json key: cord-292409-hz5qj1fw authors: Viterbo, Lilian Monteiro Ferrari; Costa, André Santana; Vidal, Diogo Guedes; Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta title: Workers’ Healthcare Assistance Model (WHAM): Development, Validation, and Assessment of Sustainable Return on Investment (S-ROI) date: 2020-04-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093143 sha: doc_id: 292409 cord_uid: hz5qj1fw file: cache/cord-291535-91j1lleq.json key: cord-291535-91j1lleq authors: Jose, Thulasee; Hays, J Taylor; Warner, David O. title: Improved Documentation of Electronic Cigarette Use in an Electronic Health Record date: 2020-08-14 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165908 sha: doc_id: 291535 cord_uid: 91j1lleq file: cache/cord-293117-hkkbqorv.json key: cord-293117-hkkbqorv authors: Hernández-García, Ignacio; Giménez-Júlvez, Teresa title: Characteristics of YouTube Videos in Spanish on How to Prevent COVID-19 date: 2020-06-29 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134671 sha: doc_id: 293117 cord_uid: hkkbqorv file: cache/cord-288394-h9hozu9j.json key: cord-288394-h9hozu9j authors: Kheirallah, Khalid A.; Alsinglawi, Belal; Alzoubi, Abdallah; Saidan, Motasem N.; Mubin, Omar; Alorjani, Mohammed S.; Mzayek, Fawaz title: The Effect of Strict State Measures on the Epidemiologic Curve of COVID-19 Infection in the Context of a Developing Country: A Simulation from Jordan date: 2020-09-08 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186530 sha: doc_id: 288394 cord_uid: h9hozu9j file: cache/cord-295543-nj4a640t.json key: cord-295543-nj4a640t authors: Castañeda-Babarro, Arkaitz; Arbillaga-Etxarri, Ane; Gutiérrez-Santamaría, Borja; Coca, Aitor title: Physical Activity Change during COVID-19 Confinement date: 2020-09-21 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186878 sha: doc_id: 295543 cord_uid: nj4a640t file: cache/cord-296312-nh4poc71.json key: cord-296312-nh4poc71 authors: Kowitt, Sarah D.; Cornacchione Ross, Jennifer; Jarman, Kristen L.; Kistler, Christine E.; Lazard, Allison J.; Ranney, Leah M.; Sheeran, Paschal; Thrasher, James F.; Goldstein, Adam O. title: Tobacco Quit Intentions and Behaviors among Cigar Smokers in the United States in Response to COVID-19 date: 2020-07-25 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155368 sha: doc_id: 296312 cord_uid: nh4poc71 file: cache/cord-296669-1md8j11e.json key: cord-296669-1md8j11e authors: Li, Xin; Lu, Peixin; Hu, Lianting; Huang, Tianhui; Lu, Long title: Factors Associated with Mental Health Results among Workers with Income Losses Exposed to COVID-19 in China date: 2020-08-04 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155627 sha: doc_id: 296669 cord_uid: 1md8j11e file: cache/cord-297618-9ka3y2y1.json key: cord-297618-9ka3y2y1 authors: Chau, Pui Hing; Li, Wei Ying; Yip, Paul S. F. title: Construction of the Infection Curve of Local Cases of COVID-19 in Hong Kong using Back-Projection date: 2020-09-21 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186909 sha: doc_id: 297618 cord_uid: 9ka3y2y1 file: cache/cord-299521-igo40dbs.json key: cord-299521-igo40dbs authors: Sweida, Gloria; Sherman, Cynthia L. title: Does Happiness Launch More Businesses? Affect, Gender, and Entrepreneurial Intention date: 2020-09-21 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186908 sha: doc_id: 299521 cord_uid: igo40dbs file: cache/cord-300338-duhyb754.json key: cord-300338-duhyb754 authors: Urashima, Mitsuyoshi; Otani, Katharina; Hasegawa, Yasutaka; Akutsu, Taisuke title: BCG Vaccination and Mortality of COVID-19 across 173 Countries: An Ecological Study date: 2020-08-03 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155589 sha: doc_id: 300338 cord_uid: duhyb754 file: cache/cord-301348-h21rnyww.json key: cord-301348-h21rnyww authors: Gherghina, Ștefan Cristian; Armeanu, Daniel Ștefan; Joldeș, Camelia Cătălina title: Stock Market Reactions to COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: Quantitative Evidence from ARDL Bounds Tests and Granger Causality Analysis date: 2020-09-15 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186729 sha: doc_id: 301348 cord_uid: h21rnyww file: cache/cord-302411-unoiwi4g.json key: cord-302411-unoiwi4g authors: Yu, Jingyuan; Lu, Yanqin; Muñoz-Justicia, Juan title: Analyzing Spanish News Frames on Twitter during COVID-19—A Network Study of El País and El Mundo date: 2020-07-28 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155414 sha: doc_id: 302411 cord_uid: unoiwi4g file: cache/cord-302553-d0hk4ipg.json key: cord-302553-d0hk4ipg authors: Shan, Siqing; Yan, Qi; Wei, Yigang title: Infectious or Recovered? Optimizing the Infectious Disease Detection Process for Epidemic Control and Prevention Based on Social Media date: 2020-09-19 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186853 sha: doc_id: 302553 cord_uid: d0hk4ipg file: cache/cord-303203-1kpw4ru0.json key: cord-303203-1kpw4ru0 authors: Guo, Jing; Feng, Xing Lin; Wang, Xiao Hua; van IJzendoorn, Marinus H. title: Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and Negative Impact on Livelihood Predict Elevated Mental Health Problems in Chinese Adults date: 2020-05-29 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113857 sha: doc_id: 303203 cord_uid: 1kpw4ru0 file: cache/cord-304780-lbq70q11.json key: cord-304780-lbq70q11 authors: Han, Changwoo; Hong, Yun-Chul title: Decrease in Ambient Fine Particulate Matter during COVID-19 Crisis and Corresponding Health Benefits in Seoul, Korea date: 2020-07-22 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155279 sha: doc_id: 304780 cord_uid: lbq70q11 file: cache/cord-293861-n6733nfd.json key: cord-293861-n6733nfd authors: Juhász, Attila; Nagy, Csilla; Varga, Orsolya; Boruzs, Klára; Csernoch, Mária; Szabó, Zoltán; Ádány, Róza title: Antithrombotic Preventive Medication Prescription Redemption and Socioeconomic Status in Hungary in 2016: A Cross-Sectional Study date: 2020-09-19 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186855 sha: doc_id: 293861 cord_uid: n6733nfd file: cache/cord-306690-s5mxes4r.json key: cord-306690-s5mxes4r authors: Shangguan, Ziheng; Wang, Mark Yaolin; Sun, Wen title: What Caused the Outbreak of COVID-19 in China: From the Perspective of Crisis Management date: 2020-05-08 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093279 sha: doc_id: 306690 cord_uid: s5mxes4r file: cache/cord-297378-quyehjr1.json key: cord-297378-quyehjr1 authors: Hong, Yan; Cai, Gangwei; Mo, Zhoujin; Gao, Weijun; Xu, Lei; Jiang, Yuanxing; Jiang, Jinming title: The Impact of COVID-19 on Tourist Satisfaction with B&B in Zhejiang, China: An Importance–Performance Analysis date: 2020-05-25 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103747 sha: doc_id: 297378 cord_uid: quyehjr1 file: cache/cord-302704-rj4le1qn.json key: cord-302704-rj4le1qn authors: Felknor, Sarah A.; Streit, Jessica M. K.; Chosewood, L. Casey; McDaniel, Michelle; Schulte, Paul A.; Delclos, George L. title: How Will the Future of Work Shape the OSH Professional of the Future? A Workshop Summary date: 2020-09-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197154 sha: doc_id: 302704 cord_uid: rj4le1qn file: cache/cord-310165-xj025ruz.json key: cord-310165-xj025ruz authors: Jones, Rodney P title: Would the United States Have Had Too Few Beds for Universal Emergency Care in the Event of a More Widespread Covid-19 Epidemic? date: 2020-07-19 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145210 sha: doc_id: 310165 cord_uid: xj025ruz file: cache/cord-312094-czuw4t7i.json key: cord-312094-czuw4t7i authors: Radic, Aleksandar; Lück, Michael; Ariza-Montes, Antonio; Han, Heesup title: Fear and Trembling of Cruise Ship Employees: Psychological Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-16 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186741 sha: doc_id: 312094 cord_uid: czuw4t7i file: cache/cord-294593-mh1uh1b3.json key: cord-294593-mh1uh1b3 authors: Boloori, Alireza; Arnetz, Bengt B.; Viens, Frederi; Maiti, Taps; Arnetz, Judith E. title: Misalignment of Stakeholder Incentives in the Opioid Crisis date: 2020-10-16 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207535 sha: doc_id: 294593 cord_uid: mh1uh1b3 file: cache/cord-306504-0wq7rc6s.json key: cord-306504-0wq7rc6s authors: Barakovic Husic, Jasmina; Melero, Francisco José; Barakovic, Sabina; Lameski, Petre; Zdravevski, Eftim; Maresova, Petra; Krejcar, Ondrej; Chorbev, Ivan; Garcia, Nuno M.; Trajkovik, Vladimir title: Aging at Work: A Review of Recent Trends and Future Directions date: 2020-10-20 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207659 sha: doc_id: 306504 cord_uid: 0wq7rc6s file: cache/cord-291113-iizj932l.json key: cord-291113-iizj932l authors: Cumbo, Enzo; Gallina, Giuseppe; Messina, Pietro; Scardina, Giuseppe Alessandro title: Alternative Methods of Sterilization in Dental Practices Against COVID-19 date: 2020-08-08 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165736 sha: doc_id: 291113 cord_uid: iizj932l file: cache/cord-299797-s1zdmf2u.json key: cord-299797-s1zdmf2u authors: Dettori, Marco; Pittaluga, Paola; Busonera, Giulia; Gugliotta, Carmelo; Azara, Antonio; Piana, Andrea; Arghittu, Antonella; Castiglia, Paolo title: Environmental Risks Perception Among Citizens Living Near Industrial Plants: A Cross-Sectional Study date: 2020-07-06 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134870 sha: doc_id: 299797 cord_uid: s1zdmf2u file: cache/cord-307038-c58mzcu9.json key: cord-307038-c58mzcu9 authors: Shukla, Nagesh; Pradhan, Biswajeet; Dikshit, Abhirup; Chakraborty, Subrata; Alamri, Abdullah M. title: A Review of Models Used for Investigating Barriers to Healthcare Access in Australia date: 2020-06-08 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114087 sha: doc_id: 307038 cord_uid: c58mzcu9 file: cache/cord-307285-bxy0zsc7.json key: cord-307285-bxy0zsc7 authors: Dar Odeh, Najla; Babkair, Hamzah; Abu-Hammad, Shaden; Borzangy, Sary; Abu-Hammad, Abdalla; Abu-Hammad, Osama title: COVID-19: Present and Future Challenges for Dental Practice date: 2020-04-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093151 sha: doc_id: 307285 cord_uid: bxy0zsc7 file: cache/cord-302239-2sxy3spd.json key: cord-302239-2sxy3spd authors: Zhang, Xiaojun; Wang, Fanfan; Zhu, Changwen; Wang, Zhiqiang title: Willingness to Self-Isolate When Facing a Pandemic Risk: Model, Empirical Test, and Policy Recommendations date: 2019-12-27 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010197 sha: doc_id: 302239 cord_uid: 2sxy3spd file: cache/cord-301264-lkfhtb1w.json key: cord-301264-lkfhtb1w authors: Davahli, Mohammad Reza; Karwowski, Waldemar; Sonmez, Sevil; Apostolopoulos, Yorghos title: The Hospitality Industry in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Current Topics and Research Methods date: 2020-10-09 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207366 sha: doc_id: 301264 cord_uid: lkfhtb1w file: cache/cord-298156-d0pb1kik.json key: cord-298156-d0pb1kik authors: Cheval, Sorin; Mihai Adamescu, Cristian; Georgiadis, Teodoro; Herrnegger, Mathew; Piticar, Adrian; Legates, David R. title: Observed and Potential Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Environment date: 2020-06-10 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114140 sha: doc_id: 298156 cord_uid: d0pb1kik file: cache/cord-302847-d5serpz5.json key: cord-302847-d5serpz5 authors: Fischer, Tatjana; Jobst, Markus title: Capturing the Spatial Relatedness of Long-Distance Caregiving: A Mixed-Methods Approach date: 2020-09-02 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176406 sha: doc_id: 302847 cord_uid: d5serpz5 file: cache/cord-304996-st1nn3pc.json key: cord-304996-st1nn3pc authors: Baggiani, Angelo; Briani, Silvia; Luchini, Grazia; Giraldi, Mauro; Milli, Carlo; Cristaudo, Alfonso; Trillini, Lucia; Rossi, Lorenzo; Gaffi, Stefano; Ceccanti, Giovanni; Martino, Maria Carola; Marchetti, Federica; Pardi, Marinella; Escati, Fabio; Scateni, Monica; Frangioni, Simona; Ciucci, Antonella; Arzilli, Guglielmo; Sironi, Daniele; Mariottini, Francesco; Papini, Francesca; Casigliani, Virginia; Scardina, Giuditta; Visi, Giacomo; Bisordi, Costanza; Mariotti, Tommaso; Gemignani, Giulia; Casini, Beatrice; Porretta, Andrea; Tavoschi, Lara; Totaro, Michele; Privitera, Gaetano Pierpaolo title: Preparedness and Response to the COVID-19 Emergency: Experience from the Teaching Hospital of Pisa, Italy date: 2020-10-09 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207376 sha: doc_id: 304996 cord_uid: st1nn3pc file: cache/cord-307362-1bxx4db2.json key: cord-307362-1bxx4db2 authors: Salmerón-Manzano, Esther; Manzano-Agugliaro, Francisco title: Bibliometric Studies and Worldwide Research Trends on Global Health date: 2020-08-09 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165748 sha: doc_id: 307362 cord_uid: 1bxx4db2 file: cache/cord-308005-t0bf5nos.json key: cord-308005-t0bf5nos authors: Iglesias-Sánchez, Patricia P.; Vaccaro Witt, Gustavo Fabián; Cabrera, Francisco E.; Jambrino-Maldonado, Carmen title: The Contagion of Sentiments during the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: The Case of Isolation in Spain date: 2020-08-14 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165918 sha: doc_id: 308005 cord_uid: t0bf5nos file: cache/cord-308957-s2hjge6s.json key: cord-308957-s2hjge6s authors: Burns, Ryan D.; Bai, Yang; Pfledderer, Christopher D.; Brusseau, Timothy A.; Byun, Wonwoo title: Movement Behaviors and Perceived Loneliness and Sadness within Alaskan Adolescents date: 2020-09-20 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186866 sha: doc_id: 308957 cord_uid: s2hjge6s file: cache/cord-311311-rmv5rfst.json key: cord-311311-rmv5rfst authors: Harper, Martin title: Recent Advances in Occupational Exposure Assessment of Aerosols date: 2020-09-18 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186820 sha: doc_id: 311311 cord_uid: rmv5rfst file: cache/cord-313356-ninzeazy.json key: cord-313356-ninzeazy authors: Fiorillo, Luca; Cervino, Gabriele; Matarese, Marco; D’Amico, Cesare; Surace, Giovanni; Paduano, Valeria; Fiorillo, Maria Teresa; Moschella, Antonio; La Bruna, Alessia; Romano, Giovanni Luca; Laudicella, Riccardo; Baldari, Sergio; Cicciù, Marco title: COVID-19 Surface Persistence: A Recent Data Summary and Its Importance for Medical and Dental Settings date: 2020-04-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093132 sha: doc_id: 313356 cord_uid: ninzeazy file: cache/cord-313869-3x2qf3yu.json key: cord-313869-3x2qf3yu authors: Bin, Sheng; Sun, Gengxin; Chen, Chih-Cheng title: Spread of Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis of Different Factors on Spread of Infectious Disease Based on Cellular Automata date: 2019-11-25 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234683 sha: doc_id: 313869 cord_uid: 3x2qf3yu file: cache/cord-313887-8sabsrgy.json key: cord-313887-8sabsrgy authors: Quandt, Sara A.; LaMonto, Natalie J.; Mora, Dana C.; Talton, Jennifer W.; Laurienti, Paul J.; Arcury, Thomas A. title: COVID-19 Pandemic among Latinx Farmworker and Nonfarmworker Families in North Carolina: Knowledge, Risk Perceptions, and Preventive Behaviors date: 2020-08-10 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165786 sha: doc_id: 313887 cord_uid: 8sabsrgy file: cache/cord-314733-fyximykl.json key: cord-314733-fyximykl authors: Butu, Alina; Brumă, Ioan Sebastian; Tanasă, Lucian; Rodino, Steliana; Dinu Vasiliu, Codrin; Doboș, Sebastian; Butu, Marian title: The Impact of COVID-19 Crisis upon the Consumer Buying Behavior of Fresh Vegetables Directly from Local Producers. Case Study: The Quarantined Area of Suceava County, Romania date: 2020-07-29 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155485 sha: doc_id: 314733 cord_uid: fyximykl file: cache/cord-316990-kz9782rj.json key: cord-316990-kz9782rj authors: Han, Xuehua; Wang, Juanle; Zhang, Min; Wang, Xiaojie title: Using Social Media to Mine and Analyze Public Opinion Related to COVID-19 in China date: 2020-04-17 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082788 sha: doc_id: 316990 cord_uid: kz9782rj file: cache/cord-306304-2yf3f1kg.json key: cord-306304-2yf3f1kg authors: Woo, Jong-Min; Okusaga, Olaoluwa; Postolache, Teodor T. title: Seasonality of Suicidal Behavior date: 2012-02-14 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph9020531 sha: doc_id: 306304 cord_uid: 2yf3f1kg file: cache/cord-306551-qf7h9m78.json key: cord-306551-qf7h9m78 authors: Han, Heesup; Al-Ansi, Amr; Chua, Bee-Lia; Tariq, Beenish; Radic, Aleksandar; Park, Su-hyun title: The Post-Coronavirus World in the International Tourism Industry: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Safer Destination Choices in the Case of US Outbound Tourism date: 2020-09-06 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186485 sha: doc_id: 306551 cord_uid: qf7h9m78 file: cache/cord-307133-bm9z8gss.json key: cord-307133-bm9z8gss authors: Kong, Lingcai; Wang, Jinfeng; Han, Weiguo; Cao, Zhidong title: Modeling Heterogeneity in Direct Infectious Disease Transmission in a Compartmental Model date: 2016-02-24 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13030253 sha: doc_id: 307133 cord_uid: bm9z8gss file: cache/cord-308319-1l6xooyz.json key: cord-308319-1l6xooyz authors: Wiseman, Kara P.; Hauser, Lindsay; Clark, Connie; Odumosu, Onyiyoza; Dahl, Neely; Peregoy, Jennifer; Sheffield, Christina W.; Klesges, Robert C.; Anderson, Roger T. title: An Evaluation of the Process and Quality Improvement Measures of the University of Virginia Cancer Center Tobacco Treatment Program date: 2020-06-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134707 sha: doc_id: 308319 cord_uid: 1l6xooyz file: cache/cord-308652-i6q23olv.json key: cord-308652-i6q23olv authors: Cobos-Sanchiz, David; Del-Pino-Espejo, María-José; Sánchez-Tovar, Ligia; Matud, M. Pilar title: The Importance of Work-Related Events and Changes in Psychological Distress and Life Satisfaction amongst Young Workers in Spain: A Gender Analysis date: 2020-06-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134697 sha: doc_id: 308652 cord_uid: i6q23olv file: cache/cord-310215-11srk6iq.json key: cord-310215-11srk6iq authors: Bielinis, Ernest; Xu, Jianzhong; Omelan, Aneta Anna title: A Novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale to Predict Preferred Pleasantness Associated with Forest Environments date: 2020-09-16 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186731 sha: doc_id: 310215 cord_uid: 11srk6iq file: cache/cord-312265-48odnlal.json key: cord-312265-48odnlal authors: Chenneville, Tiffany; Gabbidon, Kemesha; Hanson, Patricia; Holyfield, Cashea title: The Impact of COVID-19 on HIV Treatment and Research: A Call to Action date: 2020-06-24 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124548 sha: doc_id: 312265 cord_uid: 48odnlal file: cache/cord-313591-hb3gqksg.json key: cord-313591-hb3gqksg authors: Pek, Kalene; Chew, Justin; Lim, Jun Pei; Yew, Suzanne; Tan, Cai Ning; Yeo, Audrey; Ding, Yew Yoong; Lim, Wee Shiong title: Social Frailty Is Independently Associated with Mood, Nutrition, Physical Performance, and Physical Activity: Insights from a Theory-Guided Approach date: 2020-06-14 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124239 sha: doc_id: 313591 cord_uid: hb3gqksg file: cache/cord-314539-6vvgov43.json key: cord-314539-6vvgov43 authors: Chen, Zhongxiang; Yang, Jun; Dai, Binxiang title: Forecast Possible Risk for COVID-19 Epidemic Dissemination under Current Control Strategies in Japan date: 2020-05-29 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113872 sha: doc_id: 314539 cord_uid: 6vvgov43 file: cache/cord-315037-lmur80te.json key: cord-315037-lmur80te authors: Lin, Chien-Yu; Hwang, David; Chiu, Nan-Chang; Weng, Li-Chuan; Liu, Hsin-Fu; Mu, Jung-Jung; Liu, Chang-Pan; Chi, Hsin title: Increased Detection of Viruses in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection Using PCR date: 2020-01-15 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020564 sha: doc_id: 315037 cord_uid: lmur80te file: cache/cord-315197-4wnes04g.json key: cord-315197-4wnes04g authors: Zhao, Yu; Li, Mingtao; Yuan, Sanling title: Analysis of Transmission and Control of Tuberculosis in Mainland China, 2005–2016, Based on the Age-Structure Mathematical Model date: 2017-10-07 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101192 sha: doc_id: 315197 cord_uid: 4wnes04g file: cache/cord-317449-xjo6r6yc.json key: cord-317449-xjo6r6yc authors: Mota, Gustavo R.; dos Santos, Izabela Aparecida; Arriel, Rhaí André; Marocolo, Moacir title: Is It High Time to Increase Elite Soccer Substitutions Permanently? date: 2020-09-25 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197008 sha: doc_id: 317449 cord_uid: xjo6r6yc file: cache/cord-318336-hslnkv6p.json key: cord-318336-hslnkv6p authors: Ke, Kai-Yuan; Lin, Yong-Jun; Tan, Yih-Chi; Pan, Tsung-Yi; Tai, Li-Li; Lee, Ching-An title: Enhancing Local Disaster Management Network through Developing Resilient Community in New Taipei City, Taiwan date: 2020-07-24 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155357 sha: doc_id: 318336 cord_uid: hslnkv6p file: cache/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.json key: cord-318528-yc0jw3s1 authors: Romero-Blanco, Cristina; Rodríguez-Almagro, Julián; Onieva-Zafra, María Dolores; Parra-Fernández, María Laura; Prado-Laguna, María del Carmen; Hernández-Martínez, Antonio title: Physical Activity and Sedentary Lifestyle in University Students: Changes during Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-09 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186567 sha: doc_id: 318528 cord_uid: yc0jw3s1 file: cache/cord-319899-nso0ob27.json key: cord-319899-nso0ob27 authors: Wilke, Jan; Mohr, Lisa; Tenforde, Adam S.; Edouard, Pascal; Fossati, Chiara; González-Gross, Marcela; Ramirez, Celso Sanchez; Laiño, Fernando; Tan, Benedict; Pillay, Julian David; Pigozzi, Fabio; Jimenez-Pavon, David; Novak, Bernhard; Url, David; Zhang, Mandy; van Poppel, Mireille; Heidt, Christoph; Willwacher, Steffen; Vogt, Lutz; Verhagen, Evert; Hollander, Karsten; Hespanhol, Luiz; Yuki, Gustavo title: Restrictercise! Preferences Regarding Digital Home Training Programs during Confinements Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-07 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186515 sha: doc_id: 319899 cord_uid: nso0ob27 file: cache/cord-319226-yvgvyif0.json key: cord-319226-yvgvyif0 authors: French, Jeff; Deshpande, Sameer; Evans, William; Obregon, Rafael title: Key Guidelines in Developing a Pre-Emptive COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Promotion Strategy date: 2020-08-13 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165893 sha: doc_id: 319226 cord_uid: yvgvyif0 file: cache/cord-320208-uih4jf8w.json key: cord-320208-uih4jf8w authors: Li, Diya; Chaudhary, Harshita; Zhang, Zhe title: Modeling Spatiotemporal Pattern of Depressive Symptoms Caused by COVID-19 Using Social Media Data Mining date: 2020-07-10 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17144988 sha: doc_id: 320208 cord_uid: uih4jf8w file: cache/cord-324856-hf969tav.json key: cord-324856-hf969tav authors: Abir, Tanvir; Kalimullah, Nazmul Ahsan; Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi; Yazdani, Dewan Muhammad Nur -A.; Mamun, Abdullah Al; Husain, Taha; Basak, Palash; Permarupan, P. Yukthamarani; Agho, Kingsley E. title: Factors Associated with the Perception of Risk and Knowledge of Contracting the SARS-Cov-2 among Adults in Bangladesh: Analysis of Online Surveys date: 2020-07-21 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145252 sha: doc_id: 324856 cord_uid: hf969tav file: cache/cord-325963-d0hvukbu.json key: cord-325963-d0hvukbu authors: Faes, Christel; Abrams, Steven; Van Beckhoven, Dominique; Meyfroidt, Geert; Vlieghe, Erika; Hens, Niel title: Time between Symptom Onset, Hospitalisation and Recovery or Death: Statistical Analysis of Belgian COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-10-17 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207560 sha: doc_id: 325963 cord_uid: d0hvukbu file: cache/cord-321913-zie2uv21.json key: cord-321913-zie2uv21 authors: Godio, Alberto; Pace, Francesca; Vergnano, Andrea title: SEIR Modeling of the Italian Epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 Using Computational Swarm Intelligence date: 2020-05-18 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103535 sha: doc_id: 321913 cord_uid: zie2uv21 file: cache/cord-314211-tv1nhojk.json key: cord-314211-tv1nhojk authors: Eltoukhy, Abdelrahman E. E.; Shaban, Ibrahim Abdelfadeel; Chan, Felix T. S.; Abdel-Aal, Mohammad A. M. title: Data Analytics for Predicting COVID-19 Cases in Top Affected Countries: Observations and Recommendations date: 2020-09-27 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197080 sha: doc_id: 314211 cord_uid: tv1nhojk file: cache/cord-318061-xe8lljz0.json key: cord-318061-xe8lljz0 authors: Overgaauw, Paul A.M.; Vinke, Claudia M.; van Hagen, Marjan A.E.; Lipman, Len J.A. title: A One Health Perspective on the Human–Companion Animal Relationship with Emphasis on Zoonotic Aspects date: 2020-05-27 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113789 sha: doc_id: 318061 cord_uid: xe8lljz0 file: cache/cord-324092-ertcvh8x.json key: cord-324092-ertcvh8x authors: Madani, Azzeddine; Boutebal, Saad Eddine; Bryant, Christopher Robin title: The Psychological Impact of Confinement Linked to the Coronavirus Epidemic COVID-19 in Algeria date: 2020-05-21 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103604 sha: doc_id: 324092 cord_uid: ertcvh8x file: cache/cord-317667-8ya8tvv2.json key: cord-317667-8ya8tvv2 authors: García-Fernández, Jerónimo; Gálvez-Ruiz, Pablo; Grimaldi-Puyana, Moisés; Angosto, Salvador; Fernández-Gavira, Jesús; Bohórquez, M. Rocío title: The Promotion of Physical Activity from Digital Services: Influence of E-Lifestyles on Intention to Use Fitness Apps date: 2020-09-18 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186839 sha: doc_id: 317667 cord_uid: 8ya8tvv2 file: cache/cord-329640-10trdf87.json key: cord-329640-10trdf87 authors: Jeong, Hyun-Chul; So, Wi-Young title: Difficulties of Online Physical Education Classes in Middle and High School and an Efficient Operation Plan to Address Them date: 2020-10-05 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197279 sha: doc_id: 329640 cord_uid: 10trdf87 file: cache/cord-318944-13zk6cco.json key: cord-318944-13zk6cco authors: Bizzoca, Maria Eleonora; Campisi, Giuseppina; Lo Muzio, Lorenzo title: Covid-19 Pandemic: What Changes for Dentists and Oral Medicine Experts? A Narrative Review and Novel Approaches to Infection Containment date: 2020-05-27 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113793 sha: doc_id: 318944 cord_uid: 13zk6cco file: cache/cord-320914-zf54jfol.json key: cord-320914-zf54jfol authors: Parrish, Rebecca; Colbourn, Tim; Lauriola, Paolo; Leonardi, Giovanni; Hajat, Shakoor; Zeka, Ariana title: A Critical Analysis of the Drivers of Human Migration Patterns in the Presence of Climate Change: A New Conceptual Model date: 2020-08-19 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176036 sha: doc_id: 320914 cord_uid: zf54jfol file: cache/cord-323898-054gv684.json key: cord-323898-054gv684 authors: Khan, Anas A.; AlRuthia, Yazed; Balkhi, Bander; Alghadeer, Sultan M.; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Althunayyan, Saqer M.; Alsofayan, Yousef M. title: Survival and Estimation of Direct Medical Costs of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Short Title: COVID-19 Survival and Cost in Saudi Arabia) date: 2020-10-13 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207458 sha: doc_id: 323898 cord_uid: 054gv684 file: cache/cord-328784-9r5td4vy.json key: cord-328784-9r5td4vy authors: Papagiannis, Dimitrios; Malli, Foteini; Raptis, Dimitrios G.; Papathanasiou, Ioanna V.; Fradelos, Evangelos C.; Daniil, Zoe; Rachiotis, Georgios; Gourgoulianis, Konstantinos I. title: Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) of Health Care Professionals in Greece before the Outbreak Period date: 2020-07-08 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17144925 sha: doc_id: 328784 cord_uid: 9r5td4vy file: cache/cord-330583-ltkpt80u.json key: cord-330583-ltkpt80u authors: Lee, Kyu-Myoung; Jung, Kyujin title: Factors Influencing the Response to Infectious Diseases: Focusing on the Case of SARS and MERS in South Korea date: 2019-04-22 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16081432 sha: doc_id: 330583 cord_uid: ltkpt80u file: cache/cord-323372-770sos8m.json key: cord-323372-770sos8m authors: Glenn, Jeffrey; Bluth, Madeline; Christianson, Mannon; Pressley, Jaymie; Taylor, Austin; Macfarlane, Gregory S.; Chaney, Robert A. title: Considering the Potential Health Impacts of Electric Scooters: An Analysis of User Reported Behaviors in Provo, Utah date: 2020-08-31 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176344 sha: doc_id: 323372 cord_uid: 770sos8m file: cache/cord-325722-ixozph19.json key: cord-325722-ixozph19 authors: Yip, Paul; Chen, Mengni; So, Bing Kwan; Lam, Kwok Fai; Wat, Kam Pui title: Optimal Strategies for Reducing Number of People in the Social Security System date: 2020-02-18 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041305 sha: doc_id: 325722 cord_uid: ixozph19 file: cache/cord-326643-obfvi3ms.json key: cord-326643-obfvi3ms authors: Lo Giudice, Roberto title: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Dentistry. Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice date: 2020-04-28 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093067 sha: doc_id: 326643 cord_uid: obfvi3ms file: cache/cord-326851-0jxdnm1l.json key: cord-326851-0jxdnm1l authors: Lee, Sang M.; Lee, DonHee title: Lessons Learned from Battling COVID-19: The Korean Experience date: 2020-10-16 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207548 sha: doc_id: 326851 cord_uid: 0jxdnm1l file: cache/cord-327300-dvlb61tw.json key: cord-327300-dvlb61tw authors: Abu, Thelma Zulfawu; Elliott, Susan J. title: When It Is Not Measured, How Then Will It Be Planned for? WaSH a Critical Indicator for Universal Health Coverage in Kenya date: 2020-08-08 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165746 sha: doc_id: 327300 cord_uid: dvlb61tw file: cache/cord-329536-3xsncmyi.json key: cord-329536-3xsncmyi authors: Passos, Lígia; Prazeres, Filipe; Teixeira, Andreia; Martins, Carlos title: Impact on Mental Health Due to COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study in Portugal and Brazil date: 2020-09-17 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186794 sha: doc_id: 329536 cord_uid: 3xsncmyi file: cache/cord-331718-rjggiklf.json key: cord-331718-rjggiklf authors: Kubota, Takeo; Mochizuki, Kazuki title: Epigenetic Effect of Environmental Factors on Autism Spectrum Disorders date: 2016-05-14 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13050504 sha: doc_id: 331718 cord_uid: rjggiklf file: cache/cord-332673-av2vt54r.json key: cord-332673-av2vt54r authors: Alwashmi, Meshari F. title: The Use of Digital Health in the Detection and Management of COVID-19 date: 2020-04-23 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082906 sha: doc_id: 332673 cord_uid: av2vt54r file: cache/cord-332977-884z6qrq.json key: cord-332977-884z6qrq authors: Ehrlich, Rodney; Spiegel, Jerry M.; Adu, Prince; Yassi, Annalee title: Current Guidelines for Protecting Health Workers from Occupational Tuberculosis Are Necessary, but Not Sufficient: Towards a Comprehensive Occupational Health Approach date: 2020-06-03 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113957 sha: doc_id: 332977 cord_uid: 884z6qrq file: cache/cord-332387-rmmmhrjy.json key: cord-332387-rmmmhrjy authors: Ma, Chang-Jin; Kang, Gong-Unn title: Air Quality Variation in Wuhan, Daegu, and Tokyo during the Explosive Outbreak of COVID-19 and Its Health Effects date: 2020-06-09 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114119 sha: doc_id: 332387 cord_uid: rmmmhrjy file: cache/cord-332496-xxz6qd3i.json key: cord-332496-xxz6qd3i authors: Jiménez, Óliver; Sánchez-Sánchez, Laura C.; García-Montes, José M. title: Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Confinement and Its Relationship with Meditation date: 2020-09-11 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186642 sha: doc_id: 332496 cord_uid: xxz6qd3i file: cache/cord-332828-a4ck2ddp.json key: cord-332828-a4ck2ddp authors: Alboaneen, Dabiah; Pranggono, Bernardi; Alshammari, Dhahi; Alqahtani, Nourah; Alyaffer, Raja title: Predicting the Epidemiological Outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Saudi Arabia date: 2020-06-25 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124568 sha: doc_id: 332828 cord_uid: a4ck2ddp file: cache/cord-333015-xgudk2h0.json key: cord-333015-xgudk2h0 authors: Della Polla, Giorgia; Pelullo, Concetta Paola; Napolitano, Francesco; Lambiase, Chiara; De Simone, Caterina; Angelillo, Italo Francesco title: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Infectious Diseases Related to Travel of Community Pharmacists in Italy date: 2020-03-24 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17062147 sha: doc_id: 333015 cord_uid: xgudk2h0 file: cache/cord-334282-8fni03cj.json key: cord-334282-8fni03cj authors: Arvelo, Enrique; de Armas, Jesica; Guillen, Monserrat title: Assessing the Distribution of Elderly Requiring Care: A Case Study on the Residents in Barcelona and the Impact of COVID-19 date: 2020-10-15 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207486 sha: doc_id: 334282 cord_uid: 8fni03cj file: cache/cord-334638-au5sqzxw.json key: cord-334638-au5sqzxw authors: Dores, Artemisa R.; Geraldo, Andreia; Carvalho, Irene P.; Barbosa, Fernando title: The Use of New Digital Information and Communication Technologies in Psychological Counseling during the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-10-21 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207663 sha: doc_id: 334638 cord_uid: au5sqzxw file: cache/cord-334711-58ygbyiz.json key: cord-334711-58ygbyiz authors: Hernández-Sánchez, Brizeida Raquel; Cardella, Giuseppina Maria; Sánchez-García, José Carlos title: Psychological Factors that Lessen the Impact of COVID-19 on the Self-Employment Intention of Business Administration and Economics’ Students from Latin America date: 2020-07-22 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155293 sha: doc_id: 334711 cord_uid: 58ygbyiz file: cache/cord-334889-mn8ctg6x.json key: cord-334889-mn8ctg6x authors: Song, Yang; Sun, Dong; István, Bíró; Thirupathi, Anand; Liang, Minjun; Teo, Ee-Chon; Gu, Yaodong title: Current Evidence on Traditional Chinese Exercise for Cancers: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials date: 2020-07-12 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145011 sha: doc_id: 334889 cord_uid: mn8ctg6x file: cache/cord-336614-u6alc6rs.json key: cord-336614-u6alc6rs authors: Pérez-Belmonte, Luis M.; López-Carmona, María D.; Quevedo-Marín, Juan L.; Ricci, Michele; Martín-Carmona, Jesica; Sanz-Cánovas, Jaime; López-Sampalo, Almudena; Martín-Escalante, María D.; Bernal-López, M. Rosa.; Gómez-Huelgas, Ricardo title: Differences between Clinical Protocols for the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Andalusia, Spain date: 2020-09-19 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186845 sha: doc_id: 336614 cord_uid: u6alc6rs file: cache/cord-337316-ialg7d7e.json key: cord-337316-ialg7d7e authors: Cori, Liliana; Donzelli, Gabriele; Gorini, Francesca; Bianchi, Fabrizio; Curzio, Olivia title: Risk Perception of Air Pollution: A Systematic Review Focused on Particulate Matter Exposure date: 2020-09-03 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176424 sha: doc_id: 337316 cord_uid: ialg7d7e file: cache/cord-337581-3rmrkq1k.json key: cord-337581-3rmrkq1k authors: Ramos-Morcillo, Antonio Jesús; Leal-Costa, César; Moral-García, José Enrique; Ruzafa-Martínez, María title: Experiences of Nursing Students during the Abrupt Change from Face-to-Face to e-Learning Education during the First Month of Confinement Due to COVID-19 in Spain date: 2020-07-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155519 sha: doc_id: 337581 cord_uid: 3rmrkq1k file: cache/cord-338580-zszeldfv.json key: cord-338580-zszeldfv authors: Chang, Yu-Kai; Hung, Chiao-Ling; Timme, Sinika; Nosrat, Sanaz; Chu, Chien-Heng title: Exercise Behavior and Mood during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Lessons for the Future date: 2020-09-28 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197092 sha: doc_id: 338580 cord_uid: zszeldfv file: cache/cord-337219-d81v8b4j.json key: cord-337219-d81v8b4j authors: Cheong, Chang Heon; Lee, Seonhye title: Case Study of Airborne Pathogen Dispersion Patterns in Emergency Departments with Different Ventilation and Partition Conditions date: 2018-03-13 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15030510 sha: doc_id: 337219 cord_uid: d81v8b4j file: cache/cord-338578-e0aiknb6.json key: cord-338578-e0aiknb6 authors: Patel, Kajal; Straudi, Sofia; Yee Sien, Ng; Fayed, Nora; Melvin, John L.; Sivan, Manoj title: Applying the WHO ICF Framework to the Outcome Measures Used in the Evaluation of Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Coronavirus Outbreaks date: 2020-09-05 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186476 sha: doc_id: 338578 cord_uid: e0aiknb6 file: cache/cord-339401-jv0rse14.json key: cord-339401-jv0rse14 authors: Beeston, Clare; Robinson, Mark; Giles, Lucie; Dickie, Elinor; Ford, Jane; MacPherson, Megan; McAdams, Rachel; Mellor, Ruth; Shipton, Deborah; Craig, Neil title: Evaluation of Minimum Unit Pricing of Alcohol: A Mixed Method Natural Experiment in Scotland date: 2020-05-13 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103394 sha: doc_id: 339401 cord_uid: jv0rse14 file: cache/cord-339517-93nuovsj.json key: cord-339517-93nuovsj authors: Consolo, Ugo; Bellini, Pierantonio; Bencivenni, Davide; Iani, Cristina; Checchi, Vittorio title: Epidemiological Aspects and Psychological Reactions to COVID-19 of Dental Practitioners in the Northern Italy Districts of Modena and Reggio Emilia date: 2020-05-15 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103459 sha: doc_id: 339517 cord_uid: 93nuovsj file: cache/cord-339324-ab0ecwvw.json key: cord-339324-ab0ecwvw authors: Moret-Tatay, Carmen; Baixauli-Fortea, Inmaculada; Grau-Sevilla, M. Dolores title: Profiles on the Orientation Discrimination Processing of Human Faces date: 2020-08-10 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165772 sha: doc_id: 339324 cord_uid: ab0ecwvw file: cache/cord-339503-nutc1mvz.json key: cord-339503-nutc1mvz authors: Pan, Wenyan; Gulzar, Muhammad Awais; Hassan, Waseem title: Synthetic Evaluation of China’s Regional Low-Carbon Economy Challenges by Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response Model date: 2020-07-29 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155463 sha: doc_id: 339503 cord_uid: nutc1mvz file: cache/cord-339835-ze9ay2rm.json key: cord-339835-ze9ay2rm authors: Daphna-Tekoah, Shir; Megadasi Brikman, Talia; Scheier, Eric; Balla, Uri title: Listening to Hospital Personnel’s Narratives during the COVID-19 Outbreak date: 2020-09-03 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176413 sha: doc_id: 339835 cord_uid: ze9ay2rm file: cache/cord-340128-qxkopvot.json key: cord-340128-qxkopvot authors: Schreibauer, Elena Christina; Hippler, Melina; Burgess, Stephanie; Rieger, Monika A.; Rind, Esther title: Work-Related Psychosocial Stress in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: An Integrative Review date: 2020-10-13 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207446 sha: doc_id: 340128 cord_uid: qxkopvot file: cache/cord-340545-mgq3a4t9.json key: cord-340545-mgq3a4t9 authors: Mead, Darryl; Sharpe, Mary title: Aligning the “Manifesto for a European Research Network into Problematic Usage of the Internet” with the Diverse Needs of the Professional and Consumer Communities Affected by Problematic Usage of Pornography date: 2020-05-15 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103462 sha: doc_id: 340545 cord_uid: mgq3a4t9 file: cache/cord-340882-why0t9ld.json key: cord-340882-why0t9ld authors: Carneiro, Lara; Afonso, José; Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo; Murawska-Ciałowciz, Eugenia; Marques, Adilson; Clemente, Filipe Manuel title: The Effects of Exclusively Resistance Training-Based Supervised Programs in People with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials date: 2020-09-15 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186715 sha: doc_id: 340882 cord_uid: why0t9ld file: cache/cord-340889-ff35696d.json key: cord-340889-ff35696d authors: Ko, Nai-Ying; Lu, Wei-Hsin; Chen, Yi-Lung; Li, Dian-Jeng; Chang, Yu-Ping; Wu, Chia-Fen; Wang, Peng-Wei; Yen, Cheng-Fang title: Changes in Sex Life among People in Taiwan during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Roles of Risk Perception, General Anxiety, and Demographic Characteristics date: 2020-08-11 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165822 sha: doc_id: 340889 cord_uid: ff35696d file: cache/cord-341616-ts98sfxx.json key: cord-341616-ts98sfxx authors: Yang, Yang; Su, Yingying title: Public Voice via Social Media: Role in Cooperative Governance during Public Health Emergency date: 2020-09-18 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186840 sha: doc_id: 341616 cord_uid: ts98sfxx file: cache/cord-341620-nmrkhx5t.json key: cord-341620-nmrkhx5t authors: Chirico, Francesco; Sacco, Angelo; Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi; Magnavita, Nicola title: Can Air-Conditioning Systems Contribute to the Spread of SARS/MERS/COVID-19 Infection? Insights from a Rapid Review of the Literature date: 2020-08-20 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176052 sha: doc_id: 341620 cord_uid: nmrkhx5t file: cache/cord-341661-sokoghh1.json key: cord-341661-sokoghh1 authors: Ahmed, Muhammad Adeel; Jouhar, Rizwan; Ahmed, Naseer; Adnan, Samira; Aftab, Marziya; Zafar, Muhammad Sohail; Khurshid, Zohaib title: Fear and Practice Modifications among Dentists to Combat Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak date: 2020-04-19 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082821 sha: doc_id: 341661 cord_uid: sokoghh1 file: cache/cord-341105-3uvbfp8c.json key: cord-341105-3uvbfp8c authors: Li, Dian-Jeng; Ko, Nai-Ying; Chen, Yi-Lung; Wang, Peng-Wei; Chang, Yu-Ping; Yen, Cheng-Fang; Lu, Wei-Hsin title: COVID-19-Related Factors Associated with Sleep Disturbance and Suicidal Thoughts among the Taiwanese Public: A Facebook Survey date: 2020-06-22 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124479 sha: doc_id: 341105 cord_uid: 3uvbfp8c file: cache/cord-342415-j3fv7u2d.json key: cord-342415-j3fv7u2d authors: Dietler, Dominik; Lewinski, Ruth; Azevedo, Sophie; Engebretsen, Rebecca; Brugger, Fritz; Utzinger, Jürg; Winkler, Mirko S. title: Inclusion of Health in Impact Assessment: A Review of Current Practice in Sub-Saharan Africa date: 2020-06-10 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114155 sha: doc_id: 342415 cord_uid: j3fv7u2d file: cache/cord-343701-x5rghsbs.json key: cord-343701-x5rghsbs authors: Zhao, Yu-Feng; Shou, Ming-Huan; Wang, Zheng-Xin title: Prediction of the Number of Patients Infected with COVID-19 Based on Rolling Grey Verhulst Models date: 2020-06-25 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124582 sha: doc_id: 343701 cord_uid: x5rghsbs file: cache/cord-343767-nnx8adtl.json key: cord-343767-nnx8adtl authors: Liu, Ziyuan; Li, Zhi; Chen, Weiming; Zhao, Yunpu; Yue, Hanxun; Wu, Zhenzhen title: Path Optimization of Medical Waste Transport Routes in the Emergent Public Health Event of COVID-19: A Hybrid Optimization Algorithm Based on the Immune–Ant Colony Algorithm date: 2020-08-12 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165831 sha: doc_id: 343767 cord_uid: nnx8adtl file: cache/cord-346258-xlyi0cnl.json key: cord-346258-xlyi0cnl authors: Radic, Aleksandar; Ariza-Montes, Antonio; Hernández-Perlines, Felipe; Giorgi, Gabriele title: Connected at Sea: The Influence of the Internet and Online Communication on the Well-Being and Life Satisfaction of Cruise Ship Employees date: 2020-04-20 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082840 sha: doc_id: 346258 cord_uid: xlyi0cnl file: cache/cord-345991-d26y5291.json key: cord-345991-d26y5291 authors: Jing, Jane Lee Jia; Pei Yi, Thong; Bose, Rajendran J. C.; McCarthy, Jason R.; Tharmalingam, Nagendran; Madheswaran, Thiagarajan title: Hand Sanitizers: A Review on Formulation Aspects, Adverse Effects, and Regulations date: 2020-05-11 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093326 sha: doc_id: 345991 cord_uid: d26y5291 file: cache/cord-347126-hvrly37e.json key: cord-347126-hvrly37e authors: Stanton, Robert; To, Quyen G.; Khalesi, Saman; Williams, Susan L.; Alley, Stephanie J.; Thwaite, Tanya L.; Fenning, Andrew S.; Vandelanotte, Corneel title: Depression, Anxiety and Stress during COVID-19: Associations with Changes in Physical Activity, Sleep, Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Australian Adults date: 2020-06-07 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114065 sha: doc_id: 347126 cord_uid: hvrly37e file: cache/cord-348012-idflfwpb.json key: cord-348012-idflfwpb authors: Alcover, Carlos-María; Rodríguez, Fernando; Pastor, Yolanda; Thomas, Helena; Rey, Mayelin; del Barrio, José Luis title: Group Membership and Social and Personal Identities as Psychosocial Coping Resources to Psychological Consequences of the COVID-19 Confinement date: 2020-10-12 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207413 sha: doc_id: 348012 cord_uid: idflfwpb file: cache/cord-348269-6z0kiapa.json key: cord-348269-6z0kiapa authors: Nguyen, Quynh C.; Huang, Yuru; Kumar, Abhinav; Duan, Haoshu; Keralis, Jessica M.; Dwivedi, Pallavi; Meng, Hsien-Wen; Brunisholz, Kimberly D.; Jay, Jonathan; Javanmardi, Mehran; Tasdizen, Tolga title: Using 164 Million Google Street View Images to Derive Built Environment Predictors of COVID-19 Cases date: 2020-09-01 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176359 sha: doc_id: 348269 cord_uid: 6z0kiapa file: cache/cord-348717-qgny6f6y.json key: cord-348717-qgny6f6y authors: Shumba, Constance; Maina, Rose; Mbuthia, Gladys; Kimani, Rachel; Mbugua, Stella; Shah, Sweta; Abubakar, Amina; Luchters, Stanley; Shaibu, Sheila; Ndirangu, Eunice title: Reorienting Nurturing Care for Early Childhood Development during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Kenya: A Review date: 2020-09-25 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197028 sha: doc_id: 348717 cord_uid: qgny6f6y file: cache/cord-344075-ucd6ooob.json key: cord-344075-ucd6ooob authors: Bartoszek, Adrian; Walkowiak, Dariusz; Bartoszek, Agnieszka; Kardas, Grzegorz title: Mental Well-Being (Depression, Loneliness, Insomnia, Daily Life Fatigue) during COVID-19 Related Home-Confinement—A Study from Poland date: 2020-10-12 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207417 sha: doc_id: 344075 cord_uid: ucd6ooob file: cache/cord-346194-l8svzjp2.json key: cord-346194-l8svzjp2 authors: Nazir, Mehrab; Hussain, Iftikhar; Tian, Jian; Akram, Sabahat; Mangenda Tshiaba, Sidney; Mushtaq, Shahrukh; Shad, Muhammad Afzal title: A Multidimensional Model of Public Health Approaches Against COVID-19 date: 2020-05-26 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113780 sha: doc_id: 346194 cord_uid: l8svzjp2 file: cache/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.json key: cord-348994-ly2fop7d authors: Faustini, Annunziata; Davoli, Marina title: Attributable Risk to Assess the Health Impact of Air Pollution: Advances, Controversies, State of the Art and Future Needs date: 2020-06-23 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124512 sha: doc_id: 348994 cord_uid: ly2fop7d file: cache/cord-349144-cvmebr3f.json key: cord-349144-cvmebr3f authors: Barca, Ida; Novembre, Daniela; Giofrè, Elio; Caruso, Davide; Cordaro, Raffaella; Kallaverja, Elvis; Ferragina, Francesco; Cristofaro, Maria Giulia title: Telemedicine in Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery: An Effective Alternative in Post COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-10-09 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207365 sha: doc_id: 349144 cord_uid: cvmebr3f file: cache/cord-346388-j6pajd68.json key: cord-346388-j6pajd68 authors: Song, Hwasung; Park, Chanyul; Kim, Miseong title: Tourism Destination Management Strategy for Young Children: Willingness to Pay for Child-Friendly Tourism Facilities and Services at a Heritage Site date: 2020-09-28 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197100 sha: doc_id: 346388 cord_uid: j6pajd68 file: cache/cord-349313-2gupfqnl.json key: cord-349313-2gupfqnl authors: Martinez-Perez, Clara; Alvarez-Peregrina, Cristina; Villa-Collar, Cesar; Sánchez-Tena, Miguel Ángel title: Citation Network Analysis of the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) date: 2020-10-21 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207690 sha: doc_id: 349313 cord_uid: 2gupfqnl file: cache/cord-350006-c4be9eii.json key: cord-350006-c4be9eii authors: Martina, Stefano; Amato, Alessandra; Rongo, Roberto; Caggiano, Mario; Amato, Massimo title: The Perception of COVID-19 among Italian Dentists: An Orthodontic Point of View date: 2020-06-18 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124384 sha: doc_id: 350006 cord_uid: c4be9eii file: cache/cord-350031-2c9x55hx.json key: cord-350031-2c9x55hx authors: Zhao, Sheng Zhi; Wong, Janet Yuen Ha; Wu, Yongda; Choi, Edmond Pui Hang; Wang, Man Ping; Lam, Tai Hing title: Social Distancing Compliance under COVID-19 Pandemic and Mental Health Impacts: A Population-Based Study date: 2020-09-14 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186692 sha: doc_id: 350031 cord_uid: 2c9x55hx file: cache/cord-351100-llyl97ry.json key: cord-351100-llyl97ry authors: Cariani, Lisa; Orena, Beatrice Silvia; Ambrogi, Federico; Gambazza, Simone; Maraschini, Anna; Dodaro, Antonella; Oggioni, Massimo; Orlandi, Annarosa; Pirrone, Alessia; Uceda Renteria, Sara; Bernazzani, Mara; Cantù, Anna Paola; Ceriotti, Ferruccio; Lunghi, Giovanna title: Time Length of Negativization and Cycle Threshold Values in 182 Healthcare Workers with Covid-19 in Milan, Italy: An Observational Cohort Study date: 2020-07-23 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155313 sha: doc_id: 351100 cord_uid: llyl97ry file: cache/cord-350059-c25md0vm.json key: cord-350059-c25md0vm authors: Delgado, Diego; Wyss Quintana, Fernando; Perez, Gonzalo; Sosa Liprandi, Alvaro; Ponte-Negretti, Carlos; Mendoza, Ivan; Baranchuk, Adrian title: Personal Safety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Realities and Perspectives of Healthcare Workers in Latin America † date: 2020-04-18 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082798 sha: doc_id: 350059 cord_uid: c25md0vm file: cache/cord-351413-3nfukrfl.json key: cord-351413-3nfukrfl authors: Al-Ahmadi, Khalid; Alahmadi, Sabah; Al-Zahrani, Ali title: Spatiotemporal Clustering of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Incidence in Saudi Arabia, 2012–2019 date: 2019-07-15 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142520 sha: doc_id: 351413 cord_uid: 3nfukrfl file: cache/cord-351880-iqr419fp.json key: cord-351880-iqr419fp authors: Fan, Changyu; Liu, Linping; Guo, Wei; Yang, Anuo; Ye, Chenchen; Jilili, Maitixirepu; Ren, Meina; Xu, Peng; Long, Hexing; Wang, Yufan title: Prediction of Epidemic Spread of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Driven by Spring Festival Transportation in China: A Population-Based Study date: 2020-03-04 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051679 sha: doc_id: 351880 cord_uid: iqr419fp file: cache/cord-351529-30apdn73.json key: cord-351529-30apdn73 authors: Hamlin, Matilda; Steingrimsson, Steinn; Cohen, Itzhak; Bero, Victor; Bar-Tl, Avishay; Adini, Bruria title: Attitudes of the Public to Receiving Medical Care during Emergencies through Remote Physician–Patient Communications date: 2020-07-20 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145236 sha: doc_id: 351529 cord_uid: 30apdn73 file: cache/cord-351785-d35kqobp.json key: cord-351785-d35kqobp authors: DeWitt, Emily; Gillespie, Rachel; Norman-Burgdolf, Heather; Cardarelli, Kathryn M.; Slone, Stacey; Gustafson, Alison title: Rural SNAP Participants and Food Insecurity: How Can Communities Leverage Resources to Meet the Growing Food Insecurity Status of Rural and Low-Income Residents? date: 2020-08-19 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176037 sha: doc_id: 351785 cord_uid: d35kqobp file: cache/cord-353482-dz343h7t.json key: cord-353482-dz343h7t authors: Ellis, Matthew; Pant, Puspa Raj title: Global Community Child Health date: 2020-05-11 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093331 sha: doc_id: 353482 cord_uid: dz343h7t file: cache/cord-351651-6dbt99h0.json key: cord-351651-6dbt99h0 authors: Sun, Zhong; Thilakavathy, Karuppiah; Kumar, S. Suresh; He, Guozhong; Liu, Shi V. title: Potential Factors Influencing Repeated SARS Outbreaks in China date: 2020-03-03 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051633 sha: doc_id: 351651 cord_uid: 6dbt99h0 file: cache/cord-353041-qmpatq8m.json key: cord-353041-qmpatq8m authors: Han, Ruixia; Cheng, Yali title: The Influence of Norm Perception on Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Comparison between the Moderating Roles of Traditional Media and Social Media date: 2020-09-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197164 sha: doc_id: 353041 cord_uid: qmpatq8m file: cache/cord-352501-5c78kq0w.json key: cord-352501-5c78kq0w authors: Lin, Paohui; Tsai, Hsientang; Ho, Tzuya title: Food Safety Gaps between Consumers’ Expectations and Perceptions: Development and Verification of a Gap-Assessment Tool date: 2020-08-31 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176328 sha: doc_id: 352501 cord_uid: 5c78kq0w file: cache/cord-353173-5c4n4tsf.json key: cord-353173-5c4n4tsf authors: Comunian, Silvia; Dongo, Dario; Milani, Chiara; Palestini, Paola title: Air Pollution and COVID-19: The Role of Particulate Matter in the Spread and Increase of COVID-19’s Morbidity and Mortality date: 2020-06-22 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124487 sha: doc_id: 353173 cord_uid: 5c4n4tsf file: cache/cord-353890-dzauzjm7.json key: cord-353890-dzauzjm7 authors: Guzzi, Pietro Hiram; Tradigo, Giuseppe; Veltri, Pierangelo title: Spatio-Temporal Resource Mapping for Intensive Care Units at Regional Level for COVID-19 Emergency in Italy date: 2020-05-12 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103344 sha: doc_id: 353890 cord_uid: dzauzjm7 file: cache/cord-353391-o0s2h0y0.json key: cord-353391-o0s2h0y0 authors: Haj Bloukh, Samir; Edis, Zehra; Shaikh, Annis A.; Pathan, Habib M. title: A Look Behind the Scenes at COVID-19: National Strategies of Infection Control and Their Impact on Mortality date: 2020-08-04 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155616 sha: doc_id: 353391 cord_uid: o0s2h0y0 file: cache/cord-352152-d3owtd98.json key: cord-352152-d3owtd98 authors: Wang, Cuiyan; Pan, Riyu; Wan, Xiaoyang; Tan, Yilin; Xu, Linkang; Ho, Cyrus S.; Ho, Roger C. title: Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China date: 2020-03-06 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051729 sha: doc_id: 352152 cord_uid: d3owtd98 file: cache/cord-354619-pftjhtpo.json key: cord-354619-pftjhtpo authors: Farronato, Marco; Tadakamadla, Santosh K; Ali Quadri, Mir Faeq; Acharya, Shashidhar; Tadakamadla, Jyothi; Love, Robert M.; Jamal, Mohamed; Mulder, Riaan; Maspero, Cinzia; Farronato, Davide; Ivanov, Alexander; Neefs, Dirk; Cagetti, Maria Grazia; de Vito, Danila; Gupta, Rishi J.; Connelly, Stephen Thaddeus; Tartaglia, Gianluca M. title: A Call for Action to Safely Deliver Oral Health Care during and Post COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-15 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186704 sha: doc_id: 354619 cord_uid: pftjhtpo file: cache/cord-353867-617f90wq.json key: cord-353867-617f90wq authors: Ory, Marcia G.; Lee, Shinduk; Towne, Samuel D.; Flores, Starr; Gabriel, Olga; Smith, Matthew Lee title: Implementing a Diabetes Education Program to Reduce Health Disparities in South Texas: Application of the RE-AIM Framework for Planning and Evaluation date: 2020-08-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176312 sha: doc_id: 353867 cord_uid: 617f90wq file: cache/cord-355055-7m8on8ct.json key: cord-355055-7m8on8ct authors: Xie, Xiaoru; Huang, Liman; Li, Jun (Justin); Zhu, Hong title: Generational Differences in Perceptions of Food Health/Risk and Attitudes toward Organic Food and Game Meat: The Case of the COVID-19 Crisis in China date: 2020-04-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093148 sha: doc_id: 355055 cord_uid: 7m8on8ct file: cache/cord-353592-gsvobusu.json key: cord-353592-gsvobusu authors: Luceño-Moreno, Lourdes; Talavera-Velasco, Beatriz; García-Albuerne, Yolanda; Martín-García, Jesús title: Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Levels of Resilience and Burnout in Spanish Health Personnel during the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-07-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155514 sha: doc_id: 353592 cord_uid: gsvobusu file: cache/cord-354345-p4ld0tun.json key: cord-354345-p4ld0tun authors: Bonadonna, Lucia; La Rosa, Giuseppina title: A Review and Update on Waterborne Viral Diseases Associated with Swimming Pools date: 2019-01-09 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16020166 sha: doc_id: 354345 cord_uid: p4ld0tun file: cache/cord-355095-4sxuppmo.json key: cord-355095-4sxuppmo authors: Kimhi, Shaul; Eshel, Yohanan; Marciano, Hadas; Adini, Bruria title: Distress and Resilience in the Days of COVID-19: Comparing Two Ethnicities date: 2020-06-03 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113956 sha: doc_id: 355095 cord_uid: 4sxuppmo file: cache/cord-355066-jm07z3zk.json key: cord-355066-jm07z3zk authors: Ertemel, Adnan Veysel; Ari, Ela title: A Marketing Approach to a Psychological Problem: Problematic Smartphone Use on Adolescents date: 2020-04-04 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072471 sha: doc_id: 355066 cord_uid: jm07z3zk file: cache/cord-355291-fq0h895i.json key: cord-355291-fq0h895i authors: Yasir, Ammar; Hu, Xiaojian; Ahmad, Munir; Rauf, Abdul; Shi, Jingwen; Ali Nasir, Saba title: Modeling Impact of Word of Mouth and E-Government on Online Social Presence during COVID-19 Outbreak: A Multi-Mediation Approach date: 2020-04-24 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082954 sha: doc_id: 355291 cord_uid: fq0h895i file: cache/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.json key: cord-355318-qm79gz8w authors: Smit, Albertus J.; Fitchett, Jennifer M.; Engelbrecht, Francois A.; Scholes, Robert J.; Dzhivhuho, Godfrey; Sweijd, Neville A. title: Winter Is Coming: A Southern Hemisphere Perspective of the Environmental Drivers of SARS-CoV-2 and the Potential Seasonality of COVID-19 date: 2020-08-05 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165634 sha: doc_id: 355318 cord_uid: qm79gz8w file: cache/cord-356156-jjdkwalk.json key: cord-356156-jjdkwalk authors: Moretti, Antimo; Menna, Fabrizio; Aulicino, Milena; Paoletta, Marco; Liguori, Sara; Iolascon, Giovanni title: Characterization of Home Working Population during COVID-19 Emergency: A Cross-Sectional Analysis date: 2020-08-28 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176284 sha: doc_id: 356156 cord_uid: jjdkwalk file: cache/cord-355513-vgs96w3b.json key: cord-355513-vgs96w3b authors: Ma, Rongyang; Deng, Zhaohua; Wu, Manli title: Effects of Health Information Dissemination on User Follows and Likes during COVID-19 Outbreak in China: Data and Content Analysis date: 2020-07-14 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145081 sha: doc_id: 355513 cord_uid: vgs96w3b file: cache/cord-355471-vt7qovf7.json key: cord-355471-vt7qovf7 authors: Ogojiaku, Chinonso N.; Allen, JC; Anson-Dwamena, Rexford; Barnett, Kierra S.; Adetona, Olorunfemi; Im, Wansoo; Hood, Darryl B. title: The Health Opportunity Index: Understanding the Input to Disparate Health Outcomes in Vulnerable and High-Risk Census Tracts date: 2020-08-10 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165767 sha: doc_id: 355471 cord_uid: vt7qovf7 file: cache/cord-355133-s1az6o5c.json key: cord-355133-s1az6o5c authors: Farronato, Marco; Boccalari, Elisa; Del Rosso, Ettore; Lanteri, Valentina; Mulder, Riaan; Maspero, Cinzia title: A Scoping Review of Respirator Literature and a Survey among Dental Professionals date: 2020-08-17 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165968 sha: doc_id: 355133 cord_uid: s1az6o5c file: cache/cord-355905-av03suua.json key: cord-355905-av03suua authors: Romero Starke, Karla; Petereit-Haack, Gabriela; Schubert, Melanie; Kämpf, Daniel; Schliebner, Alexandra; Hegewald, Janice; Seidler, Andreas title: The Age-Related Risk of Severe Outcomes Due to COVID-19 Infection: A Rapid Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression date: 2020-08-17 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165974 sha: doc_id: 355905 cord_uid: av03suua Reading metadata file and updating bibliogrpahics === updating bibliographic database Building study carrel named journal-intJEnvironResPublicHealth-cord parallel: Warning: Only enough available processes to run 35 jobs in parallel. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf parallel: Warning: or /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max may help. parallel: Warning: Only enough available processes to run 50 jobs in parallel. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf parallel: Warning: or /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max may help. parallel: Warning: Only enough available processes to run 25 jobs in parallel. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf parallel: Warning: or /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max may help. parallel: Warning: Only enough available processes to run 52 jobs in parallel. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf parallel: Warning: or /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 24. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 66550 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 23. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 49. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 22. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 48. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or 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/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === id: cord-012515-dxu7ajse author: Kim, Sookyung title: Prioritizing Training Needs of School Health Staff: The Example of Vietnam date: 2020-08-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-012515-dxu7ajse.txt cache: ./cache/cord-012515-dxu7ajse.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-012515-dxu7ajse.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-263518-6puccigu author: Maarefvand, Masoomeh title: Coronavirus Outbreak and Stress in Iranians date: 2020-06-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-263518-6puccigu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-263518-6puccigu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-263518-6puccigu.txt' /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === id: cord-255228-nopt5ql5 author: Romero-Blanco, Cristina title: Sleep Pattern Changes in Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Lockdown date: 2020-07-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-255228-nopt5ql5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-255228-nopt5ql5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-255228-nopt5ql5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-034351-5br4faov author: Xu, Shuang-Fei title: Cross-Sectional Seroepidemiologic Study of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among Close Contacts, Children, and Migrant Workers in Shanghai date: 2020-10-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-034351-5br4faov.txt cache: ./cache/cord-034351-5br4faov.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-034351-5br4faov.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-011536-rb8g5llp author: Jiang, Dong title: Could Environment Affect the Mutation of H1N1 Influenza Virus? date: 2020-04-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-011536-rb8g5llp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-011536-rb8g5llp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-011536-rb8g5llp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-013317-s6ss95h6 author: Gallè, Francesca title: Are Health Literacy and Lifestyle of Undergraduates Related to the Educational Field? An Italian Survey date: 2020-09-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-013317-s6ss95h6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-013317-s6ss95h6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-013317-s6ss95h6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-011537-e20zaosw author: Vicent, María title: Perfectionism Profiles and Motivation to Exercise Based on Self-Determination Theory date: 2020-05-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-011537-e20zaosw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-011537-e20zaosw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-011537-e20zaosw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-002184-964tbh7d author: Liu, Kui title: Chinese Public Attention to the Outbreak of Ebola in West Africa: Evidence from the Online Big Data Platform date: 2016-08-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-002184-964tbh7d.txt cache: ./cache/cord-002184-964tbh7d.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-002184-964tbh7d.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-268176-tb12txdf author: Garcia de Avila, Marla Andréia title: Children’s Anxiety and Factors Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Study Using the Children’s Anxiety Questionnaire and the Numerical Rating Scale date: 2020-08-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-268176-tb12txdf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-268176-tb12txdf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-268176-tb12txdf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-262637-crqw59k1 author: Kwon, Sophia title: Food Intake REstriction for Health OUtcome Support and Education (FIREHOUSE) Protocol: A Randomized Clinical Trial date: 2020-09-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-264560-hxvadp24 author: Liu, Jui-Yao title: Analysis of Imported Cases of COVID-19 in Taiwan: A Nationwide Study date: 2020-05-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-264560-hxvadp24.txt cache: ./cache/cord-264560-hxvadp24.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-264560-hxvadp24.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-003612-bp7sray2 author: Hu, Guangyu title: Public Perception on Healthcare Services: Evidence from Social Media Platforms in China date: 2019-04-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-003612-bp7sray2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-003612-bp7sray2.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-003612-bp7sray2.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-274459-781by93r author: Khalifa, Shaden A. M. title: Comprehensive Overview on Multiple Strategies Fighting COVID-19 date: 2020-08-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-274459-781by93r.txt cache: ./cache/cord-274459-781by93r.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-274459-781by93r.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-262567-gojbccmz author: Lee, Seung-Man title: Mediating Effect of Sports Participation on the Relationship between Health Perceptions and Health Promoting Behavior in Adolescents date: 2020-09-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-262567-gojbccmz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-262567-gojbccmz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-262567-gojbccmz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-012462-q8u47hdp author: Olsavszky, Victor title: Time Series Analysis and Forecasting with Automated Machine Learning on a National ICD-10 Database date: 2020-07-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-012462-q8u47hdp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-012462-q8u47hdp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-012462-q8u47hdp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-271887-blwrpf38 author: Sampa, Masuda Begum title: Redesigning Portable Health Clinic Platform as a Remote Healthcare System to Tackle COVID-19 Pandemic Situation in Unreached Communities date: 2020-06-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-271887-blwrpf38.txt cache: ./cache/cord-271887-blwrpf38.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-271887-blwrpf38.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-252870-52fjx7s4 author: Xie, Kefan title: The Impact of Risk Perception on Social Distancing during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China date: 2020-08-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-252870-52fjx7s4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-252870-52fjx7s4.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-252870-52fjx7s4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-002438-b8t4a57r author: Cheng, Wei title: Comparison of Influenza Epidemiological and Virological Characteristics between Outpatients and Inpatients in Zhejiang Province, China, March 2011–June 2015 date: 2017-02-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-002438-b8t4a57r.txt cache: ./cache/cord-002438-b8t4a57r.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-002438-b8t4a57r.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-269969-xl1ooxoj author: Duong, Tuyen Van title: Digital Healthy Diet Literacy and Self-Perceived Eating Behavior Change during COVID-19 Pandemic among Undergraduate Nursing and Medical Students: A Rapid Online Survey date: 2020-09-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-269969-xl1ooxoj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-269969-xl1ooxoj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-269969-xl1ooxoj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-271898-cct702cv author: Duplaga, Mariusz title: The Acceptance of Key Public Health Interventions by the Polish Population Is Related to Health Literacy, But Not eHealth Literacy date: 2020-07-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-271898-cct702cv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-271898-cct702cv.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-271898-cct702cv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-253000-nwbmxepi author: Margină, Denisa title: Chronic Inflammation in the Context of Everyday Life: Dietary Changes as Mitigating Factors date: 2020-06-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-256041-k4y6t0i5 author: Gómez-Salgado, Juan title: Related Health Factors of Psychological Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain date: 2020-06-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-256041-k4y6t0i5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-256041-k4y6t0i5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-256041-k4y6t0i5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-264133-yj100ryt author: Anderson, Gregory S. title: Peer Support and Crisis-Focused Psychological Interventions Designed to Mitigate Post-Traumatic Stress Injuries among Public Safety and Frontline Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review date: 2020-10-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt cache: ./cache/cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-281741-wzsrqc7p author: Xu, Bo title: Impacts of Road Traffic Network and Socioeconomic Factors on the Diffusion of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in Mainland China date: 2019-04-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-281741-wzsrqc7p.txt cache: ./cache/cord-281741-wzsrqc7p.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-281741-wzsrqc7p.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010334-7ce0xhjo author: Li, Chun title: The Relationship Exploration between Public Migration Attention and Population Migration from a Perspective of Search Query date: 2020-04-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010334-7ce0xhjo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010334-7ce0xhjo.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-010334-7ce0xhjo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-013385-6nq4yzvz author: Yang, Fan title: Heterogeneous Influences of Social Support on Physical and Mental Health: Evidence from China date: 2020-09-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-013385-6nq4yzvz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-013385-6nq4yzvz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-013385-6nq4yzvz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-013405-68777jts author: Lu, Wenze title: The Importance of Genuineness in Public Engagement—An Exploratory Study of Pediatric Communication on Social Media in China date: 2020-09-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-013405-68777jts.txt cache: ./cache/cord-013405-68777jts.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-013405-68777jts.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-003640-psnec2qp author: Mbareche, Hamza title: Bioaerosols Play a Major Role in the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota Content in Agricultural Environment date: 2019-04-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-003640-psnec2qp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-003640-psnec2qp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-003640-psnec2qp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-013390-i5h7ob3n author: Salem, Haya title: Psychosocial Aspects of Female Breast Cancer in the Middle East and North Africa date: 2020-09-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-013390-i5h7ob3n.txt cache: ./cache/cord-013390-i5h7ob3n.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-013390-i5h7ob3n.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-258762-vabyyx01 author: Garbey, Marc title: A Systems Approach to Assess Transport and Diffusion of Hazardous Airborne Particles in a Large Surgical Suite: Potential Impacts on Viral Airborne Transmission date: 2020-07-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-258762-vabyyx01.txt cache: ./cache/cord-258762-vabyyx01.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-258762-vabyyx01.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-252894-c02v47jz author: Chae, Sangwon title: Predicting Infectious Disease Using Deep Learning and Big Data date: 2018-07-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-252894-c02v47jz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-252894-c02v47jz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-252894-c02v47jz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-256636-z14anp3h author: Muennig, Peter title: Determining the Optimal Outcome Measures for Studying the Social Determinants of Health date: 2020-04-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-256636-z14anp3h.txt cache: ./cache/cord-256636-z14anp3h.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-256636-z14anp3h.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-011906-ek7joi0m author: Throuvala, Melina A. title: Mind over Matter: Testing the Efficacy of an Online Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Distraction from Smartphone Use date: 2020-07-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-011906-ek7joi0m.txt cache: ./cache/cord-011906-ek7joi0m.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-011906-ek7joi0m.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-262647-kkvekors author: Niwa, Makoto title: Effectiveness of Social Measures against COVID-19 Outbreaks in Selected Japanese Regions Analyzed by System Dynamic Modeling date: 2020-08-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-262647-kkvekors.txt cache: ./cache/cord-262647-kkvekors.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-262647-kkvekors.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-013401-yh8cu1hx author: Hitachi, Mami title: Improvement of Dietary Diversity and Attitude toward Recommended Feeding through Novel Community Based Nutritional Education Program in Coastal Kenya—An Intervention Study date: 2020-10-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-013401-yh8cu1hx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-013401-yh8cu1hx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-013401-yh8cu1hx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-279864-5ouuu49v author: Hou, Jing title: Children’s Respiratory Infections in Tianjin Area, China: Associations with Home Environments and Lifestyles date: 2020-06-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-279864-5ouuu49v.txt cache: ./cache/cord-279864-5ouuu49v.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-279864-5ouuu49v.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-277228-zk4arqw5 author: Suleiman, Aiman title: Preparedness of Frontline Doctors in Jordan Healthcare Facilities to COVID-19 Outbreak date: 2020-05-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-277228-zk4arqw5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-277228-zk4arqw5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-277228-zk4arqw5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-011818-z89m8dur author: Ki, Jison title: Association between Health Problems and Turnover Intention in Shift Work Nurses: Health Problem Clustering date: 2020-06-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-011818-z89m8dur.txt cache: ./cache/cord-011818-z89m8dur.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-011818-z89m8dur.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-265937-f39md0vk author: Cachón-Zagalaz, Javier title: Use of the Smartphone and Self-Concept in University Students According to the Gender Variable date: 2020-06-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-265937-f39md0vk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-265937-f39md0vk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-265937-f39md0vk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-258965-g47n531n author: Ekpenyong, Bernadine title: Assessment of Knowledge, Practice and Guidelines towards the Novel COVID-19 among Eye Care Practitioners in Nigeria–A Survey-Based Study date: 2020-07-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-258965-g47n531n.txt cache: ./cache/cord-258965-g47n531n.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-258965-g47n531n.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-012022-r3xkpwte author: Keeble, Matthew title: Use of Online Food Delivery Services to Order Food Prepared Away-From-Home and Associated Sociodemographic Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional, Multi-Country Analysis date: 2020-07-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-012022-r3xkpwte.txt cache: ./cache/cord-012022-r3xkpwte.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-012022-r3xkpwte.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-270948-qfsjtflv author: Klosterhalfen, Stephanie title: Waterpipe Use among Adolescents in Germany: Prevalence, Associated Consumer Characteristics, and Trends (German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents, KiGGS) date: 2020-10-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-270948-qfsjtflv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-270948-qfsjtflv.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-270948-qfsjtflv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-259809-7glw6pir author: Lloyd, Helen M. title: Supporting Innovative Person-Centred Care in Financially Constrained Environments: The WE CARE Exploratory Health Laboratory Evaluation Strategy date: 2020-04-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-259809-7glw6pir.txt cache: ./cache/cord-259809-7glw6pir.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-259809-7glw6pir.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-267874-k6tmu5gi author: Ramírez, Ivan J. title: COVID-19 Emergence and Social and Health Determinants in Colorado: A Rapid Spatial Analysis date: 2020-05-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-267874-k6tmu5gi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-267874-k6tmu5gi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-267874-k6tmu5gi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-264811-xbeipob9 author: Choi, Yongin title: Assessment of Social Distancing for Controlling COVID-19 in Korea: An Age-Structured Modeling Approach date: 2020-10-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-264811-xbeipob9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-264811-xbeipob9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-264811-xbeipob9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-256004-rqdeac7h author: Wilcox, Elizabeth S. title: Empowering Health Workers to Protect their Own Health: A Study of Enabling Factors and Barriers to Implementing HealthWISE in Mozambique, South Africa, and Zimbabwe date: 2020-06-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-256004-rqdeac7h.txt cache: ./cache/cord-256004-rqdeac7h.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-256004-rqdeac7h.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-011540-9jvoa8vr author: Suárez-Barraza, Manuel F. title: Kaizen–Kata, a Problem-Solving Approach to Public Service Health Care in Mexico. A Multiple-Case Study date: 2020-05-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-011540-9jvoa8vr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-011540-9jvoa8vr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-011540-9jvoa8vr.txt' parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 34. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === id: cord-285223-07o9irev author: Malik, Usman Rashid title: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Healthcare Professionals on COVID-19 and Risk Assessment to Prevent the Epidemic Spread: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study from Punjab, Pakistan date: 2020-09-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-285223-07o9irev.txt cache: ./cache/cord-285223-07o9irev.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-285223-07o9irev.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-283398-wplz8o2k author: Sanders, Chris title: “You Need ID to Get ID”: A Scoping Review of Personal Identification as a Barrier to and Facilitator of the Social Determinants of Health in North America date: 2020-06-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-283398-wplz8o2k.txt cache: ./cache/cord-283398-wplz8o2k.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-283398-wplz8o2k.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-279116-auo80gaq author: Vallejo-Martín, Macarena title: Prejudice and Feeling of Threat towards Syrian Refugees: The Moderating Effects of Precarious Employment and Perceived Low Outgroup Morality date: 2020-09-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-279116-auo80gaq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-279116-auo80gaq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-279116-auo80gaq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-270796-ixpt6jnr author: Khurshid, Zohaib title: Human Saliva: Non-Invasive Fluid for Detecting Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) date: 2020-03-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-270796-ixpt6jnr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-270796-ixpt6jnr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-270796-ixpt6jnr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-032625-u8qces3r author: Park, Se-Won title: Impacts of Thresholds of Gray Value for Cone-Beam Computed Tomography 3D Reconstruction on the Accuracy of Image Matching with Optical Scan date: 2020-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-032625-u8qces3r.txt cache: ./cache/cord-032625-u8qces3r.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-032625-u8qces3r.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-274774-klystgj4 author: Huang, Naizhu title: How Incivility and Academic Stress Influence Psychological Health among College Students: The Moderating Role of Gratitude date: 2020-05-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-274774-klystgj4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-274774-klystgj4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-274774-klystgj4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-266239-l0ulr2ep author: Freeman, Shannon title: Intergenerational Effects on the Impacts of Technology Use in Later Life: Insights from an International, Multi-Site Study date: 2020-08-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-266239-l0ulr2ep.txt cache: ./cache/cord-266239-l0ulr2ep.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-266239-l0ulr2ep.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-265786-nstd8xak author: Kimhi, Shaul title: A Renewed Outbreak of the COVID−19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study of Distress, Resilience, and Subjective Well-Being date: 2020-10-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-265786-nstd8xak.txt cache: ./cache/cord-265786-nstd8xak.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-265786-nstd8xak.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-259149-svryhcgy author: Su, Yue title: Examining the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown in Wuhan and Lombardy: A Psycholinguistic Analysis on Weibo and Twitter date: 2020-06-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-259149-svryhcgy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-259149-svryhcgy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 164 resourceName b'cord-259149-svryhcgy.txt' === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 93324 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-288184-fa1niz51 author: Kwon, Chan-Young title: Using Mind–Body Modalities via Telemedicine during the COVID-19 Crisis: Cases in the Republic of Korea date: 2020-06-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-288184-fa1niz51.txt cache: ./cache/cord-288184-fa1niz51.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-288184-fa1niz51.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-274778-wds40e6i author: Tejedor, Santiago title: Information on the COVID-19 Pandemic in Daily Newspapers’ Front Pages: Case Study of Spain and Italy date: 2020-08-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-274778-wds40e6i.txt cache: ./cache/cord-274778-wds40e6i.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-274778-wds40e6i.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-013420-0nmil3yt author: Tombat, Kabir title: Roma Health: An Overview of Communicable Diseases in Eastern and Central Europe date: 2020-10-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-013420-0nmil3yt.txt cache: ./cache/cord-013420-0nmil3yt.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-013420-0nmil3yt.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-277077-kwaiorp8 author: Tița, Ovidiu title: Use of Yoghurt Enhanced with Volatile Plant Oils Encapsulated in Sodium Alginate to Increase the Human Body’s Immunity in the Present Fight Against Stress date: 2020-10-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-255602-3pzh5ur9 author: Moscadelli, Andrea title: Fake News and Covid-19 in Italy: Results of a Quantitative Observational Study date: 2020-08-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-255602-3pzh5ur9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-255602-3pzh5ur9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-255602-3pzh5ur9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-267996-5l9shks8 author: Tysiąc-Miśta, Monika title: The Attitudes and Professional Approaches of Dental Practitioners during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Survey date: 2020-06-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-267996-5l9shks8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-267996-5l9shks8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-267996-5l9shks8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-268779-qbn3i2nq author: Alrasheed, Hend title: COVID-19 Spread in Saudi Arabia: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis date: 2020-10-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-268779-qbn3i2nq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-268779-qbn3i2nq.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-268779-qbn3i2nq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-254471-4lomiv5d author: Kupcewicz, Ewa title: Role of Global Self-Esteem in Predicting Life Satisfaction of Nursing Students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia date: 2020-07-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-254471-4lomiv5d.txt cache: ./cache/cord-254471-4lomiv5d.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-254471-4lomiv5d.txt' === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 957 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-266257-hp11at50 author: Zhang, Yao title: Mental Health Problems during the COVID-19 Pandemics and the Mitigation Effects of Exercise: A Longitudinal Study of College Students in China date: 2020-05-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-266257-hp11at50.txt cache: ./cache/cord-266257-hp11at50.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-266257-hp11at50.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-264798-s31gncge author: Lu, Tingting title: Exploring the Impacts of Living in a “Green” City on Individual BMI: A Study of Lingang New Town in Shanghai, China date: 2020-09-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-264798-s31gncge.txt cache: ./cache/cord-264798-s31gncge.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-264798-s31gncge.txt' === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 1214 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-283175-kh2rm2ir author: Roma, Paolo title: How to Improve Compliance with Protective Health Measures during the COVID-19 Outbreak: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model and Machine Learning Algorithms date: 2020-10-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-283175-kh2rm2ir.txt cache: ./cache/cord-283175-kh2rm2ir.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-283175-kh2rm2ir.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-254633-7re0k0d1 author: Azarkamand, Sahar title: Review of Initiatives and Methodologies to Reduce CO(2) Emissions and Climate Change Effects in Ports date: 2020-05-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-254633-7re0k0d1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-254633-7re0k0d1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-254633-7re0k0d1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-273565-0en2sl3q author: Scarano, Antonio title: Facial Skin Temperature and Discomfort When Wearing Protective Face Masks: Thermal Infrared Imaging Evaluation and Hands Moving the Mask date: 2020-06-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-273565-0en2sl3q.txt cache: ./cache/cord-273565-0en2sl3q.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-273565-0en2sl3q.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-277558-w2srv5em author: Babuna, Pius title: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Insurance Industry date: 2020-08-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-277558-w2srv5em.txt cache: ./cache/cord-277558-w2srv5em.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-277558-w2srv5em.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-258915-lgee3ers author: Liddle, Jennifer title: Connecting at Local Level: Exploring Opportunities for Future Design of Technology to Support Social Connections in Age-friendly Communities date: 2020-07-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-258915-lgee3ers.txt cache: ./cache/cord-258915-lgee3ers.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 254 resourceName b'cord-258915-lgee3ers.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-285386-kvo544hh author: Wen, Ya title: The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy of Chinese Vocational College Students date: 2020-06-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-285386-kvo544hh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-285386-kvo544hh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-285386-kvo544hh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-267034-s3hf4bo5 author: Palladino, Raffaele title: Excess Deaths and Hospital Admissions for COVID-19 Due to a Late Implementation of the Lockdown in Italy date: 2020-08-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-267034-s3hf4bo5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-267034-s3hf4bo5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-267034-s3hf4bo5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-278870-pct184oa author: Finell, Eerika title: The Combined Effect of Perceived COVID-19 Infection Risk at Work and Identification with Work Community on Psychosocial Wellbeing among Finnish Social Sector and Health Care Workers date: 2020-10-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-278870-pct184oa.txt cache: ./cache/cord-278870-pct184oa.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-278870-pct184oa.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-255119-l82o5fif author: Passerini, Giorgio title: A Preliminary Investigation on the Statistical Correlations between SARS-CoV-2 Spread and Local Meteorology date: 2020-06-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-255119-l82o5fif.txt cache: ./cache/cord-255119-l82o5fif.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-255119-l82o5fif.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-285513-pkqos0s5 author: Stangvaltaite-Mouhat, Lina title: Dental Health Services Response to COVID-19 in Norway date: 2020-08-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-285513-pkqos0s5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-285513-pkqos0s5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-285513-pkqos0s5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-285526-xm9yj5ua author: Gill, Balvinder Singh title: Modelling the Effectiveness of Epidemic Control Measures in Preventing the Transmission of COVID-19 in Malaysia date: 2020-07-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-285526-xm9yj5ua.txt cache: ./cache/cord-285526-xm9yj5ua.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-285526-xm9yj5ua.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-283514-7rjo9k4d author: Šagát, Peter title: Impact of COVID-19Quarantine on Low Back Pain Intensity, Prevalence, and Associated Risk Factors among Adult Citizens Residing in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia): A Cross-Sectional Study date: 2020-10-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-283514-7rjo9k4d.txt cache: ./cache/cord-283514-7rjo9k4d.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-283514-7rjo9k4d.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-283537-49ic7p3u author: Chong, Ka Chun title: Identifying Meteorological Drivers for the Seasonal Variations of Influenza Infections in a Subtropical City — Hong Kong date: 2015-01-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-283537-49ic7p3u.txt cache: ./cache/cord-283537-49ic7p3u.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-283537-49ic7p3u.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-284272-68ykes60 author: Suso-Ribera, Carlos title: How Much Support Is There for the Recommendations Made to the General Population during Confinement? A Study during the First Three Days of the COVID–19 Quarantine in Spain date: 2020-06-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-284272-68ykes60.txt cache: ./cache/cord-284272-68ykes60.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-284272-68ykes60.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-288409-idq780jb author: Alsahafi, Abdullah J. title: Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours of Healthcare Workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to MERS Coronavirus and Other Emerging Infectious Diseases date: 2016-12-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-288409-idq780jb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-288409-idq780jb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-288409-idq780jb.txt' === file2bib.sh === /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: fork: retry: No child processes id: cord-287426-tzqke3ci author: Herrero, Rocío title: Working Alliance Inventory for Online Interventions-Short Form (WAI-TECH-SF): The Role of the Therapeutic Alliance between Patient and Online Program in Therapeutic Outcomes date: 2020-08-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-287426-tzqke3ci.txt cache: ./cache/cord-287426-tzqke3ci.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-287426-tzqke3ci.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-272497-ww9o1kjr author: Al-Anzi, Bader S. title: An Overview of the World Current and Future Assessment of Novel COVID-19 Trajectory, Impact, and Potential Preventive Strategies at Healthcare Settings date: 2020-09-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-272497-ww9o1kjr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-272497-ww9o1kjr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-272497-ww9o1kjr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-281961-5mdiwzvc author: de las Heras-Pedrosa, Carlos title: Sentiment Analysis and Emotion Understanding during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain and Its Impact on Digital Ecosystems date: 2020-07-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-281961-5mdiwzvc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-281961-5mdiwzvc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-281961-5mdiwzvc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-264629-kuknvemy author: Sáez, Gemma title: The Effect of Prescription Drugs and Alcohol Consumption on Intimate Partner Violence Victim Blaming date: 2020-07-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-264629-kuknvemy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-264629-kuknvemy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-264629-kuknvemy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-271853-wexe9gq0 author: Lu, Quan title: Social Policy Responses to the Covid-19 Crisis in China in 2020 date: 2020-08-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-271853-wexe9gq0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-271853-wexe9gq0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-271853-wexe9gq0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-275711-ejw3ausf author: Mon-López, Daniel title: The Impact of Covid-19 and the Effect of Psychological Factors on Training Conditions of Handball Players date: 2020-09-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-275711-ejw3ausf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-275711-ejw3ausf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-275711-ejw3ausf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-283771-hh4p7cg3 author: Ku-Yuan, Lee title: How to Reduce the Latent Social Risk of Disease: The Determinants of Vaccination against Rabies in Taiwan date: 2014-06-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-283771-hh4p7cg3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-283771-hh4p7cg3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-283771-hh4p7cg3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-289378-ghmqd3yv author: Wang, Peng-Wei title: Subjective Deterioration of Physical and Psychological Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Their Association with the Adoption of Protective Behaviors and Mental Health Problems date: 2020-09-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-289378-ghmqd3yv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-289378-ghmqd3yv.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-289378-ghmqd3yv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-272406-h22atwd4 author: Diotaiuti, Pierluigi title: The Principal at Risk: Stress and Organizing Mindfulness in the School Context date: 2020-08-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-272406-h22atwd4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-272406-h22atwd4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-272406-h22atwd4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-262927-mehijkzo author: Guo, Shuaijun title: Moving Health Literacy Research and Practice towards a Vision of Equity, Precision and Transparency date: 2020-10-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-262927-mehijkzo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-262927-mehijkzo.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-262927-mehijkzo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-271736-29oavyc4 author: Madden, Rosamond H. title: Disability-Related Questions for Administrative Datasets date: 2020-07-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-271736-29oavyc4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-271736-29oavyc4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-271736-29oavyc4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-293117-hkkbqorv author: Hernández-García, Ignacio title: Characteristics of YouTube Videos in Spanish on How to Prevent COVID-19 date: 2020-06-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-293117-hkkbqorv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-293117-hkkbqorv.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-293117-hkkbqorv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-292173-95t89yee author: Villani, Federico Alcide title: COVID-19 and Dentistry: Prevention in Dental Practice, a Literature Review date: 2020-06-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-292173-95t89yee.txt cache: ./cache/cord-292173-95t89yee.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-292173-95t89yee.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-292409-hz5qj1fw author: Viterbo, Lilian Monteiro Ferrari title: Workers’ Healthcare Assistance Model (WHAM): Development, Validation, and Assessment of Sustainable Return on Investment (S-ROI) date: 2020-04-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-292409-hz5qj1fw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-292409-hz5qj1fw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-292409-hz5qj1fw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-291535-91j1lleq author: Jose, Thulasee title: Improved Documentation of Electronic Cigarette Use in an Electronic Health Record date: 2020-08-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-291535-91j1lleq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-291535-91j1lleq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-291535-91j1lleq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-287196-re4sosff author: Shahzad, Fakhar title: Perceived Threat of COVID-19 Contagion and Frontline Paramedics’ Agonistic Behaviour: Employing a Stressor–Strain–Outcome Perspective date: 2020-07-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-287196-re4sosff.txt cache: ./cache/cord-287196-re4sosff.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-287196-re4sosff.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-289451-yjrh5l4u author: Xiao, Huidi title: Social Distancing among Medical Students during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease Pandemic in China: Disease Awareness, Anxiety Disorder, Depression, and Behavioral Activities date: 2020-07-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-289451-yjrh5l4u.txt cache: ./cache/cord-289451-yjrh5l4u.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-289451-yjrh5l4u.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-295543-nj4a640t author: Castañeda-Babarro, Arkaitz title: Physical Activity Change during COVID-19 Confinement date: 2020-09-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt cache: ./cache/cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-297618-9ka3y2y1 author: Chau, Pui Hing title: Construction of the Infection Curve of Local Cases of COVID-19 in Hong Kong using Back-Projection date: 2020-09-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-297618-9ka3y2y1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-297618-9ka3y2y1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-297618-9ka3y2y1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-296312-nh4poc71 author: Kowitt, Sarah D. title: Tobacco Quit Intentions and Behaviors among Cigar Smokers in the United States in Response to COVID-19 date: 2020-07-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-296312-nh4poc71.txt cache: ./cache/cord-296312-nh4poc71.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-296312-nh4poc71.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-296669-1md8j11e author: Li, Xin title: Factors Associated with Mental Health Results among Workers with Income Losses Exposed to COVID-19 in China date: 2020-08-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-296669-1md8j11e.txt cache: ./cache/cord-296669-1md8j11e.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-296669-1md8j11e.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-304780-lbq70q11 author: Han, Changwoo title: Decrease in Ambient Fine Particulate Matter during COVID-19 Crisis and Corresponding Health Benefits in Seoul, Korea date: 2020-07-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-304780-lbq70q11.txt cache: ./cache/cord-304780-lbq70q11.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-304780-lbq70q11.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-288392-khjo6j8u author: Davern, Melanie title: How Can the Lived Environment Support Healthy Ageing? A Spatial Indicators Framework for the Assessment of Age-Friendly Communities date: 2020-10-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-288392-khjo6j8u.txt cache: ./cache/cord-288392-khjo6j8u.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-288392-khjo6j8u.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-288394-h9hozu9j author: Kheirallah, Khalid A. title: The Effect of Strict State Measures on the Epidemiologic Curve of COVID-19 Infection in the Context of a Developing Country: A Simulation from Jordan date: 2020-09-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-288394-h9hozu9j.txt cache: ./cache/cord-288394-h9hozu9j.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-288394-h9hozu9j.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-303203-1kpw4ru0 author: Guo, Jing title: Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and Negative Impact on Livelihood Predict Elevated Mental Health Problems in Chinese Adults date: 2020-05-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-303203-1kpw4ru0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-303203-1kpw4ru0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-303203-1kpw4ru0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-300338-duhyb754 author: Urashima, Mitsuyoshi title: BCG Vaccination and Mortality of COVID-19 across 173 Countries: An Ecological Study date: 2020-08-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-300338-duhyb754.txt cache: ./cache/cord-300338-duhyb754.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-300338-duhyb754.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-299521-igo40dbs author: Sweida, Gloria title: Does Happiness Launch More Businesses? Affect, Gender, and Entrepreneurial Intention date: 2020-09-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-299521-igo40dbs.txt cache: ./cache/cord-299521-igo40dbs.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-299521-igo40dbs.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-307362-1bxx4db2 author: Salmerón-Manzano, Esther title: Bibliometric Studies and Worldwide Research Trends on Global Health date: 2020-08-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-307362-1bxx4db2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-307362-1bxx4db2.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-307362-1bxx4db2.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-302411-unoiwi4g author: Yu, Jingyuan title: Analyzing Spanish News Frames on Twitter during COVID-19—A Network Study of El País and El Mundo date: 2020-07-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-302411-unoiwi4g.txt cache: ./cache/cord-302411-unoiwi4g.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-302411-unoiwi4g.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-302704-rj4le1qn author: Felknor, Sarah A. title: How Will the Future of Work Shape the OSH Professional of the Future? A Workshop Summary date: 2020-09-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-302704-rj4le1qn.txt cache: ./cache/cord-302704-rj4le1qn.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-302704-rj4le1qn.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-301348-h21rnyww author: Gherghina, Ștefan Cristian title: Stock Market Reactions to COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: Quantitative Evidence from ARDL Bounds Tests and Granger Causality Analysis date: 2020-09-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-301348-h21rnyww.txt cache: ./cache/cord-301348-h21rnyww.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-301348-h21rnyww.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-293861-n6733nfd author: Juhász, Attila title: Antithrombotic Preventive Medication Prescription Redemption and Socioeconomic Status in Hungary in 2016: A Cross-Sectional Study date: 2020-09-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-293861-n6733nfd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-293861-n6733nfd.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-293861-n6733nfd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-291916-5yqc3zcx author: Hozhabri, Hossein title: The Global Emergency of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): An Update of the Current Status and Forecasting date: 2020-08-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-291916-5yqc3zcx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-291916-5yqc3zcx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-291916-5yqc3zcx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-308005-t0bf5nos author: Iglesias-Sánchez, Patricia P. title: The Contagion of Sentiments during the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: The Case of Isolation in Spain date: 2020-08-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-308005-t0bf5nos.txt cache: ./cache/cord-308005-t0bf5nos.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-308005-t0bf5nos.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-297378-quyehjr1 author: Hong, Yan title: The Impact of COVID-19 on Tourist Satisfaction with B&B in Zhejiang, China: An Importance–Performance Analysis date: 2020-05-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-297378-quyehjr1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-297378-quyehjr1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-297378-quyehjr1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-312094-czuw4t7i author: Radic, Aleksandar title: Fear and Trembling of Cruise Ship Employees: Psychological Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-312094-czuw4t7i.txt cache: ./cache/cord-312094-czuw4t7i.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-312094-czuw4t7i.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-310165-xj025ruz author: Jones, Rodney P title: Would the United States Have Had Too Few Beds for Universal Emergency Care in the Event of a More Widespread Covid-19 Epidemic? date: 2020-07-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-310165-xj025ruz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-310165-xj025ruz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-310165-xj025ruz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-313356-ninzeazy author: Fiorillo, Luca title: COVID-19 Surface Persistence: A Recent Data Summary and Its Importance for Medical and Dental Settings date: 2020-04-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-313356-ninzeazy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-313356-ninzeazy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-313356-ninzeazy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-306690-s5mxes4r author: Shangguan, Ziheng title: What Caused the Outbreak of COVID-19 in China: From the Perspective of Crisis Management date: 2020-05-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-306690-s5mxes4r.txt cache: ./cache/cord-306690-s5mxes4r.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-306690-s5mxes4r.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-294593-mh1uh1b3 author: Boloori, Alireza title: Misalignment of Stakeholder Incentives in the Opioid Crisis date: 2020-10-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-294593-mh1uh1b3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-294593-mh1uh1b3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-294593-mh1uh1b3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-313869-3x2qf3yu author: Bin, Sheng title: Spread of Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis of Different Factors on Spread of Infectious Disease Based on Cellular Automata date: 2019-11-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-313869-3x2qf3yu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-313869-3x2qf3yu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-313869-3x2qf3yu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-306504-0wq7rc6s author: Barakovic Husic, Jasmina title: Aging at Work: A Review of Recent Trends and Future Directions date: 2020-10-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-306504-0wq7rc6s.txt cache: ./cache/cord-306504-0wq7rc6s.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-306504-0wq7rc6s.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-302553-d0hk4ipg author: Shan, Siqing title: Infectious or Recovered? Optimizing the Infectious Disease Detection Process for Epidemic Control and Prevention Based on Social Media date: 2020-09-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-302553-d0hk4ipg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-302553-d0hk4ipg.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-302553-d0hk4ipg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-307285-bxy0zsc7 author: Dar Odeh, Najla title: COVID-19: Present and Future Challenges for Dental Practice date: 2020-04-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-307285-bxy0zsc7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-307285-bxy0zsc7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-307285-bxy0zsc7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-299797-s1zdmf2u author: Dettori, Marco title: Environmental Risks Perception Among Citizens Living Near Industrial Plants: A Cross-Sectional Study date: 2020-07-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-299797-s1zdmf2u.txt cache: ./cache/cord-299797-s1zdmf2u.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-299797-s1zdmf2u.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-307038-c58mzcu9 author: Shukla, Nagesh title: A Review of Models Used for Investigating Barriers to Healthcare Access in Australia date: 2020-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-304996-st1nn3pc author: Baggiani, Angelo title: Preparedness and Response to the COVID-19 Emergency: Experience from the Teaching Hospital of Pisa, Italy date: 2020-10-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-304996-st1nn3pc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-304996-st1nn3pc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-304996-st1nn3pc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-316990-kz9782rj author: Han, Xuehua title: Using Social Media to Mine and Analyze Public Opinion Related to COVID-19 in China date: 2020-04-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-316990-kz9782rj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-316990-kz9782rj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-316990-kz9782rj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-302239-2sxy3spd author: Zhang, Xiaojun title: Willingness to Self-Isolate When Facing a Pandemic Risk: Model, Empirical Test, and Policy Recommendations date: 2019-12-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-302239-2sxy3spd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-302239-2sxy3spd.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-302239-2sxy3spd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-291113-iizj932l author: Cumbo, Enzo title: Alternative Methods of Sterilization in Dental Practices Against COVID-19 date: 2020-08-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-291113-iizj932l.txt cache: ./cache/cord-291113-iizj932l.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-291113-iizj932l.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-313887-8sabsrgy author: Quandt, Sara A. title: COVID-19 Pandemic among Latinx Farmworker and Nonfarmworker Families in North Carolina: Knowledge, Risk Perceptions, and Preventive Behaviors date: 2020-08-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-313887-8sabsrgy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-313887-8sabsrgy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-313887-8sabsrgy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-308957-s2hjge6s author: Burns, Ryan D. title: Movement Behaviors and Perceived Loneliness and Sadness within Alaskan Adolescents date: 2020-09-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-308957-s2hjge6s.txt cache: ./cache/cord-308957-s2hjge6s.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-308957-s2hjge6s.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-314733-fyximykl author: Butu, Alina title: The Impact of COVID-19 Crisis upon the Consumer Buying Behavior of Fresh Vegetables Directly from Local Producers. Case Study: The Quarantined Area of Suceava County, Romania date: 2020-07-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-314733-fyximykl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-314733-fyximykl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-314733-fyximykl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-317449-xjo6r6yc author: Mota, Gustavo R. title: Is It High Time to Increase Elite Soccer Substitutions Permanently? date: 2020-09-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-317449-xjo6r6yc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-317449-xjo6r6yc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-317449-xjo6r6yc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-311311-rmv5rfst author: Harper, Martin title: Recent Advances in Occupational Exposure Assessment of Aerosols date: 2020-09-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-311311-rmv5rfst.txt cache: ./cache/cord-311311-rmv5rfst.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-311311-rmv5rfst.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318528-yc0jw3s1 author: Romero-Blanco, Cristina title: Physical Activity and Sedentary Lifestyle in University Students: Changes during Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-306551-qf7h9m78 author: Han, Heesup title: The Post-Coronavirus World in the International Tourism Industry: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Safer Destination Choices in the Case of US Outbound Tourism date: 2020-09-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-306551-qf7h9m78.txt cache: ./cache/cord-306551-qf7h9m78.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-306551-qf7h9m78.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-315197-4wnes04g author: Zhao, Yu title: Analysis of Transmission and Control of Tuberculosis in Mainland China, 2005–2016, Based on the Age-Structure Mathematical Model date: 2017-10-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-315197-4wnes04g.txt cache: ./cache/cord-315197-4wnes04g.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-315197-4wnes04g.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-307133-bm9z8gss author: Kong, Lingcai title: Modeling Heterogeneity in Direct Infectious Disease Transmission in a Compartmental Model date: 2016-02-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-307133-bm9z8gss.txt cache: ./cache/cord-307133-bm9z8gss.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-307133-bm9z8gss.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-314539-6vvgov43 author: Chen, Zhongxiang title: Forecast Possible Risk for COVID-19 Epidemic Dissemination under Current Control Strategies in Japan date: 2020-05-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-314539-6vvgov43.txt cache: ./cache/cord-314539-6vvgov43.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-314539-6vvgov43.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318336-hslnkv6p author: Ke, Kai-Yuan title: Enhancing Local Disaster Management Network through Developing Resilient Community in New Taipei City, Taiwan date: 2020-07-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318336-hslnkv6p.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318336-hslnkv6p.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-318336-hslnkv6p.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-301264-lkfhtb1w author: Davahli, Mohammad Reza title: The Hospitality Industry in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Current Topics and Research Methods date: 2020-10-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-301264-lkfhtb1w.txt cache: ./cache/cord-301264-lkfhtb1w.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-301264-lkfhtb1w.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-313591-hb3gqksg author: Pek, Kalene title: Social Frailty Is Independently Associated with Mood, Nutrition, Physical Performance, and Physical Activity: Insights from a Theory-Guided Approach date: 2020-06-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-313591-hb3gqksg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-313591-hb3gqksg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-313591-hb3gqksg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-319899-nso0ob27 author: Wilke, Jan title: Restrictercise! Preferences Regarding Digital Home Training Programs during Confinements Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-319899-nso0ob27.txt cache: ./cache/cord-319899-nso0ob27.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-319899-nso0ob27.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-302847-d5serpz5 author: Fischer, Tatjana title: Capturing the Spatial Relatedness of Long-Distance Caregiving: A Mixed-Methods Approach date: 2020-09-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-302847-d5serpz5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-302847-d5serpz5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-302847-d5serpz5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-312265-48odnlal author: Chenneville, Tiffany title: The Impact of COVID-19 on HIV Treatment and Research: A Call to Action date: 2020-06-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-312265-48odnlal.txt cache: ./cache/cord-312265-48odnlal.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-312265-48odnlal.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-315037-lmur80te author: Lin, Chien-Yu title: Increased Detection of Viruses in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection Using PCR date: 2020-01-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-315037-lmur80te.txt cache: ./cache/cord-315037-lmur80te.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-315037-lmur80te.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-308319-1l6xooyz author: Wiseman, Kara P. title: An Evaluation of the Process and Quality Improvement Measures of the University of Virginia Cancer Center Tobacco Treatment Program date: 2020-06-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-308319-1l6xooyz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-308319-1l6xooyz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-308319-1l6xooyz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-298156-d0pb1kik author: Cheval, Sorin title: Observed and Potential Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Environment date: 2020-06-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-298156-d0pb1kik.txt cache: ./cache/cord-298156-d0pb1kik.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-298156-d0pb1kik.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-324856-hf969tav author: Abir, Tanvir title: Factors Associated with the Perception of Risk and Knowledge of Contracting the SARS-Cov-2 among Adults in Bangladesh: Analysis of Online Surveys date: 2020-07-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-324856-hf969tav.txt cache: ./cache/cord-324856-hf969tav.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-324856-hf969tav.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-324092-ertcvh8x author: Madani, Azzeddine title: The Psychological Impact of Confinement Linked to the Coronavirus Epidemic COVID-19 in Algeria date: 2020-05-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-324092-ertcvh8x.txt cache: ./cache/cord-324092-ertcvh8x.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-324092-ertcvh8x.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-325963-d0hvukbu author: Faes, Christel title: Time between Symptom Onset, Hospitalisation and Recovery or Death: Statistical Analysis of Belgian COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-10-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-325963-d0hvukbu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-325963-d0hvukbu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-325963-d0hvukbu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-320208-uih4jf8w author: Li, Diya title: Modeling Spatiotemporal Pattern of Depressive Symptoms Caused by COVID-19 Using Social Media Data Mining date: 2020-07-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-320208-uih4jf8w.txt cache: ./cache/cord-320208-uih4jf8w.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-320208-uih4jf8w.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-306304-2yf3f1kg author: Woo, Jong-Min title: Seasonality of Suicidal Behavior date: 2012-02-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-306304-2yf3f1kg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-306304-2yf3f1kg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-306304-2yf3f1kg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-310215-11srk6iq author: Bielinis, Ernest title: A Novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale to Predict Preferred Pleasantness Associated with Forest Environments date: 2020-09-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-319226-yvgvyif0 author: French, Jeff title: Key Guidelines in Developing a Pre-Emptive COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Promotion Strategy date: 2020-08-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-319226-yvgvyif0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-319226-yvgvyif0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-319226-yvgvyif0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-308652-i6q23olv author: Cobos-Sanchiz, David title: The Importance of Work-Related Events and Changes in Psychological Distress and Life Satisfaction amongst Young Workers in Spain: A Gender Analysis date: 2020-06-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-308652-i6q23olv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-308652-i6q23olv.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-308652-i6q23olv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-323898-054gv684 author: Khan, Anas A. title: Survival and Estimation of Direct Medical Costs of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Short Title: COVID-19 Survival and Cost in Saudi Arabia) date: 2020-10-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-323898-054gv684.txt cache: ./cache/cord-323898-054gv684.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-323898-054gv684.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-321913-zie2uv21 author: Godio, Alberto title: SEIR Modeling of the Italian Epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 Using Computational Swarm Intelligence date: 2020-05-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-321913-zie2uv21.txt cache: ./cache/cord-321913-zie2uv21.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-321913-zie2uv21.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-329640-10trdf87 author: Jeong, Hyun-Chul title: Difficulties of Online Physical Education Classes in Middle and High School and an Efficient Operation Plan to Address Them date: 2020-10-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-329640-10trdf87.txt cache: ./cache/cord-329640-10trdf87.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-329640-10trdf87.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-317667-8ya8tvv2 author: García-Fernández, Jerónimo title: The Promotion of Physical Activity from Digital Services: Influence of E-Lifestyles on Intention to Use Fitness Apps date: 2020-09-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-317667-8ya8tvv2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-317667-8ya8tvv2.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-317667-8ya8tvv2.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-314211-tv1nhojk author: Eltoukhy, Abdelrahman E. E. title: Data Analytics for Predicting COVID-19 Cases in Top Affected Countries: Observations and Recommendations date: 2020-09-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-314211-tv1nhojk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-314211-tv1nhojk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-314211-tv1nhojk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-332673-av2vt54r author: Alwashmi, Meshari F. title: The Use of Digital Health in the Detection and Management of COVID-19 date: 2020-04-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-332673-av2vt54r.txt cache: ./cache/cord-332673-av2vt54r.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-332673-av2vt54r.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-328784-9r5td4vy author: Papagiannis, Dimitrios title: Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) of Health Care Professionals in Greece before the Outbreak Period date: 2020-07-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-328784-9r5td4vy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-328784-9r5td4vy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-328784-9r5td4vy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-326643-obfvi3ms author: Lo Giudice, Roberto title: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Dentistry. Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice date: 2020-04-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-326643-obfvi3ms.txt cache: ./cache/cord-326643-obfvi3ms.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-326643-obfvi3ms.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-330583-ltkpt80u author: Lee, Kyu-Myoung title: Factors Influencing the Response to Infectious Diseases: Focusing on the Case of SARS and MERS in South Korea date: 2019-04-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-330583-ltkpt80u.txt cache: ./cache/cord-330583-ltkpt80u.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-330583-ltkpt80u.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-331718-rjggiklf author: Kubota, Takeo title: Epigenetic Effect of Environmental Factors on Autism Spectrum Disorders date: 2016-05-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-331718-rjggiklf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-331718-rjggiklf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-331718-rjggiklf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-320914-zf54jfol author: Parrish, Rebecca title: A Critical Analysis of the Drivers of Human Migration Patterns in the Presence of Climate Change: A New Conceptual Model date: 2020-08-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-320914-zf54jfol.txt cache: ./cache/cord-320914-zf54jfol.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-320914-zf54jfol.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-332828-a4ck2ddp author: Alboaneen, Dabiah title: Predicting the Epidemiological Outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Saudi Arabia date: 2020-06-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-332828-a4ck2ddp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-332828-a4ck2ddp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-332828-a4ck2ddp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-329536-3xsncmyi author: Passos, Lígia title: Impact on Mental Health Due to COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study in Portugal and Brazil date: 2020-09-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-329536-3xsncmyi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-329536-3xsncmyi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-329536-3xsncmyi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-325722-ixozph19 author: Yip, Paul title: Optimal Strategies for Reducing Number of People in the Social Security System date: 2020-02-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-325722-ixozph19.txt cache: ./cache/cord-325722-ixozph19.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-325722-ixozph19.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-332977-884z6qrq author: Ehrlich, Rodney title: Current Guidelines for Protecting Health Workers from Occupational Tuberculosis Are Necessary, but Not Sufficient: Towards a Comprehensive Occupational Health Approach date: 2020-06-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-332977-884z6qrq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-332977-884z6qrq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-332977-884z6qrq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-327300-dvlb61tw author: Abu, Thelma Zulfawu title: When It Is Not Measured, How Then Will It Be Planned for? WaSH a Critical Indicator for Universal Health Coverage in Kenya date: 2020-08-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-327300-dvlb61tw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-327300-dvlb61tw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-327300-dvlb61tw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-332496-xxz6qd3i author: Jiménez, Óliver title: Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Confinement and Its Relationship with Meditation date: 2020-09-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-332496-xxz6qd3i.txt cache: ./cache/cord-332496-xxz6qd3i.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-332496-xxz6qd3i.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-333015-xgudk2h0 author: Della Polla, Giorgia title: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Infectious Diseases Related to Travel of Community Pharmacists in Italy date: 2020-03-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-333015-xgudk2h0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-333015-xgudk2h0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-333015-xgudk2h0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318944-13zk6cco author: Bizzoca, Maria Eleonora title: Covid-19 Pandemic: What Changes for Dentists and Oral Medicine Experts? A Narrative Review and Novel Approaches to Infection Containment date: 2020-05-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318944-13zk6cco.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318944-13zk6cco.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-318944-13zk6cco.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-323372-770sos8m author: Glenn, Jeffrey title: Considering the Potential Health Impacts of Electric Scooters: An Analysis of User Reported Behaviors in Provo, Utah date: 2020-08-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-323372-770sos8m.txt cache: ./cache/cord-323372-770sos8m.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-323372-770sos8m.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-332387-rmmmhrjy author: Ma, Chang-Jin title: Air Quality Variation in Wuhan, Daegu, and Tokyo during the Explosive Outbreak of COVID-19 and Its Health Effects date: 2020-06-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-332387-rmmmhrjy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-332387-rmmmhrjy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-332387-rmmmhrjy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-334889-mn8ctg6x author: Song, Yang title: Current Evidence on Traditional Chinese Exercise for Cancers: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials date: 2020-07-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-334889-mn8ctg6x.txt cache: ./cache/cord-334889-mn8ctg6x.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-334889-mn8ctg6x.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318061-xe8lljz0 author: Overgaauw, Paul A.M. title: A One Health Perspective on the Human–Companion Animal Relationship with Emphasis on Zoonotic Aspects date: 2020-05-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318061-xe8lljz0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318061-xe8lljz0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-318061-xe8lljz0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-336614-u6alc6rs author: Pérez-Belmonte, Luis M. title: Differences between Clinical Protocols for the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Andalusia, Spain date: 2020-09-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-336614-u6alc6rs.txt cache: ./cache/cord-336614-u6alc6rs.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-336614-u6alc6rs.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-334282-8fni03cj author: Arvelo, Enrique title: Assessing the Distribution of Elderly Requiring Care: A Case Study on the Residents in Barcelona and the Impact of COVID-19 date: 2020-10-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-334282-8fni03cj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-334282-8fni03cj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-334282-8fni03cj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338578-e0aiknb6 author: Patel, Kajal title: Applying the WHO ICF Framework to the Outcome Measures Used in the Evaluation of Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Coronavirus Outbreaks date: 2020-09-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338578-e0aiknb6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338578-e0aiknb6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-338578-e0aiknb6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-339324-ab0ecwvw author: Moret-Tatay, Carmen title: Profiles on the Orientation Discrimination Processing of Human Faces date: 2020-08-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-339324-ab0ecwvw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-339324-ab0ecwvw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-339324-ab0ecwvw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-339401-jv0rse14 author: Beeston, Clare title: Evaluation of Minimum Unit Pricing of Alcohol: A Mixed Method Natural Experiment in Scotland date: 2020-05-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-339401-jv0rse14.txt cache: ./cache/cord-339401-jv0rse14.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-339401-jv0rse14.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-337581-3rmrkq1k author: Ramos-Morcillo, Antonio Jesús title: Experiences of Nursing Students during the Abrupt Change from Face-to-Face to e-Learning Education during the First Month of Confinement Due to COVID-19 in Spain date: 2020-07-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-337581-3rmrkq1k.txt cache: ./cache/cord-337581-3rmrkq1k.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-337581-3rmrkq1k.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338580-zszeldfv author: Chang, Yu-Kai title: Exercise Behavior and Mood during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Lessons for the Future date: 2020-09-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338580-zszeldfv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338580-zszeldfv.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-338580-zszeldfv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-334638-au5sqzxw author: Dores, Artemisa R. title: The Use of New Digital Information and Communication Technologies in Psychological Counseling during the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-10-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-334638-au5sqzxw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-334638-au5sqzxw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-334638-au5sqzxw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-326851-0jxdnm1l author: Lee, Sang M. title: Lessons Learned from Battling COVID-19: The Korean Experience date: 2020-10-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-326851-0jxdnm1l.txt cache: ./cache/cord-326851-0jxdnm1l.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-326851-0jxdnm1l.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-337219-d81v8b4j author: Cheong, Chang Heon title: Case Study of Airborne Pathogen Dispersion Patterns in Emergency Departments with Different Ventilation and Partition Conditions date: 2018-03-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-337219-d81v8b4j.txt cache: ./cache/cord-337219-d81v8b4j.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-337219-d81v8b4j.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-339517-93nuovsj author: Consolo, Ugo title: Epidemiological Aspects and Psychological Reactions to COVID-19 of Dental Practitioners in the Northern Italy Districts of Modena and Reggio Emilia date: 2020-05-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-339517-93nuovsj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-339517-93nuovsj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-339517-93nuovsj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-339503-nutc1mvz author: Pan, Wenyan title: Synthetic Evaluation of China’s Regional Low-Carbon Economy Challenges by Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response Model date: 2020-07-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-339503-nutc1mvz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-339503-nutc1mvz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-339503-nutc1mvz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-334711-58ygbyiz author: Hernández-Sánchez, Brizeida Raquel title: Psychological Factors that Lessen the Impact of COVID-19 on the Self-Employment Intention of Business Administration and Economics’ Students from Latin America date: 2020-07-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-341661-sokoghh1 author: Ahmed, Muhammad Adeel title: Fear and Practice Modifications among Dentists to Combat Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak date: 2020-04-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-341661-sokoghh1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-341661-sokoghh1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-341661-sokoghh1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-340889-ff35696d author: Ko, Nai-Ying title: Changes in Sex Life among People in Taiwan during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Roles of Risk Perception, General Anxiety, and Demographic Characteristics date: 2020-08-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-340889-ff35696d.txt cache: ./cache/cord-340889-ff35696d.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-340889-ff35696d.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-341620-nmrkhx5t author: Chirico, Francesco title: Can Air-Conditioning Systems Contribute to the Spread of SARS/MERS/COVID-19 Infection? Insights from a Rapid Review of the Literature date: 2020-08-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-341620-nmrkhx5t.txt cache: ./cache/cord-341620-nmrkhx5t.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-341620-nmrkhx5t.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-339835-ze9ay2rm author: Daphna-Tekoah, Shir title: Listening to Hospital Personnel’s Narratives during the COVID-19 Outbreak date: 2020-09-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-339835-ze9ay2rm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-339835-ze9ay2rm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-339835-ze9ay2rm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-337316-ialg7d7e author: Cori, Liliana title: Risk Perception of Air Pollution: A Systematic Review Focused on Particulate Matter Exposure date: 2020-09-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt cache: ./cache/cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-341105-3uvbfp8c author: Li, Dian-Jeng title: COVID-19-Related Factors Associated with Sleep Disturbance and Suicidal Thoughts among the Taiwanese Public: A Facebook Survey date: 2020-06-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-341105-3uvbfp8c.txt cache: ./cache/cord-341105-3uvbfp8c.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-341105-3uvbfp8c.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-340128-qxkopvot author: Schreibauer, Elena Christina title: Work-Related Psychosocial Stress in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: An Integrative Review date: 2020-10-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt cache: ./cache/cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-343701-x5rghsbs author: Zhao, Yu-Feng title: Prediction of the Number of Patients Infected with COVID-19 Based on Rolling Grey Verhulst Models date: 2020-06-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-343701-x5rghsbs.txt cache: ./cache/cord-343701-x5rghsbs.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-343701-x5rghsbs.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-341616-ts98sfxx author: Yang, Yang title: Public Voice via Social Media: Role in Cooperative Governance during Public Health Emergency date: 2020-09-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-341616-ts98sfxx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-341616-ts98sfxx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-341616-ts98sfxx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-347126-hvrly37e author: Stanton, Robert title: Depression, Anxiety and Stress during COVID-19: Associations with Changes in Physical Activity, Sleep, Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Australian Adults date: 2020-06-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-347126-hvrly37e.txt cache: ./cache/cord-347126-hvrly37e.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-347126-hvrly37e.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-340882-why0t9ld author: Carneiro, Lara title: The Effects of Exclusively Resistance Training-Based Supervised Programs in People with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials date: 2020-09-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-340882-why0t9ld.txt cache: ./cache/cord-340882-why0t9ld.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-340882-why0t9ld.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-343767-nnx8adtl author: Liu, Ziyuan title: Path Optimization of Medical Waste Transport Routes in the Emergent Public Health Event of COVID-19: A Hybrid Optimization Algorithm Based on the Immune–Ant Colony Algorithm date: 2020-08-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-343767-nnx8adtl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-343767-nnx8adtl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-343767-nnx8adtl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-342415-j3fv7u2d author: Dietler, Dominik title: Inclusion of Health in Impact Assessment: A Review of Current Practice in Sub-Saharan Africa date: 2020-06-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-342415-j3fv7u2d.txt cache: ./cache/cord-342415-j3fv7u2d.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-342415-j3fv7u2d.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-340545-mgq3a4t9 author: Mead, Darryl title: Aligning the “Manifesto for a European Research Network into Problematic Usage of the Internet” with the Diverse Needs of the Professional and Consumer Communities Affected by Problematic Usage of Pornography date: 2020-05-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-340545-mgq3a4t9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-340545-mgq3a4t9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-340545-mgq3a4t9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-348269-6z0kiapa author: Nguyen, Quynh C. title: Using 164 Million Google Street View Images to Derive Built Environment Predictors of COVID-19 Cases date: 2020-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-348269-6z0kiapa.txt cache: ./cache/cord-348269-6z0kiapa.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-348269-6z0kiapa.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344075-ucd6ooob author: Bartoszek, Adrian title: Mental Well-Being (Depression, Loneliness, Insomnia, Daily Life Fatigue) during COVID-19 Related Home-Confinement—A Study from Poland date: 2020-10-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-345991-d26y5291 author: Jing, Jane Lee Jia title: Hand Sanitizers: A Review on Formulation Aspects, Adverse Effects, and Regulations date: 2020-05-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-345991-d26y5291.txt cache: ./cache/cord-345991-d26y5291.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-345991-d26y5291.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-350059-c25md0vm author: Delgado, Diego title: Personal Safety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Realities and Perspectives of Healthcare Workers in Latin America † date: 2020-04-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-350059-c25md0vm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-350059-c25md0vm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-350059-c25md0vm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-346194-l8svzjp2 author: Nazir, Mehrab title: A Multidimensional Model of Public Health Approaches Against COVID-19 date: 2020-05-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-346194-l8svzjp2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-346194-l8svzjp2.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-346194-l8svzjp2.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-351100-llyl97ry author: Cariani, Lisa title: Time Length of Negativization and Cycle Threshold Values in 182 Healthcare Workers with Covid-19 in Milan, Italy: An Observational Cohort Study date: 2020-07-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-351100-llyl97ry.txt cache: ./cache/cord-351100-llyl97ry.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-351100-llyl97ry.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-349144-cvmebr3f author: Barca, Ida title: Telemedicine in Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery: An Effective Alternative in Post COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-10-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-349144-cvmebr3f.txt cache: ./cache/cord-349144-cvmebr3f.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-349144-cvmebr3f.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-346258-xlyi0cnl author: Radic, Aleksandar title: Connected at Sea: The Influence of the Internet and Online Communication on the Well-Being and Life Satisfaction of Cruise Ship Employees date: 2020-04-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-346258-xlyi0cnl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-346258-xlyi0cnl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-346258-xlyi0cnl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-350031-2c9x55hx author: Zhao, Sheng Zhi title: Social Distancing Compliance under COVID-19 Pandemic and Mental Health Impacts: A Population-Based Study date: 2020-09-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-350031-2c9x55hx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-350031-2c9x55hx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-350031-2c9x55hx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353482-dz343h7t author: Ellis, Matthew title: Global Community Child Health date: 2020-05-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353482-dz343h7t.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353482-dz343h7t.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-353482-dz343h7t.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-351413-3nfukrfl author: Al-Ahmadi, Khalid title: Spatiotemporal Clustering of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Incidence in Saudi Arabia, 2012–2019 date: 2019-07-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-351413-3nfukrfl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-351413-3nfukrfl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-351413-3nfukrfl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-346388-j6pajd68 author: Song, Hwasung title: Tourism Destination Management Strategy for Young Children: Willingness to Pay for Child-Friendly Tourism Facilities and Services at a Heritage Site date: 2020-09-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-346388-j6pajd68.txt cache: ./cache/cord-346388-j6pajd68.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-346388-j6pajd68.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-348717-qgny6f6y author: Shumba, Constance title: Reorienting Nurturing Care for Early Childhood Development during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Kenya: A Review date: 2020-09-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-348717-qgny6f6y.txt cache: ./cache/cord-348717-qgny6f6y.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-348717-qgny6f6y.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-348012-idflfwpb author: Alcover, Carlos-María title: Group Membership and Social and Personal Identities as Psychosocial Coping Resources to Psychological Consequences of the COVID-19 Confinement date: 2020-10-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-348012-idflfwpb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-348012-idflfwpb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-348012-idflfwpb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-350006-c4be9eii author: Martina, Stefano title: The Perception of COVID-19 among Italian Dentists: An Orthodontic Point of View date: 2020-06-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-350006-c4be9eii.txt cache: ./cache/cord-350006-c4be9eii.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-350006-c4be9eii.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353890-dzauzjm7 author: Guzzi, Pietro Hiram title: Spatio-Temporal Resource Mapping for Intensive Care Units at Regional Level for COVID-19 Emergency in Italy date: 2020-05-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353890-dzauzjm7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353890-dzauzjm7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-353890-dzauzjm7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-351529-30apdn73 author: Hamlin, Matilda title: Attitudes of the Public to Receiving Medical Care during Emergencies through Remote Physician–Patient Communications date: 2020-07-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-351529-30apdn73.txt cache: ./cache/cord-351529-30apdn73.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-351529-30apdn73.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-349313-2gupfqnl author: Martinez-Perez, Clara title: Citation Network Analysis of the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) date: 2020-10-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-349313-2gupfqnl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-349313-2gupfqnl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-349313-2gupfqnl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-348994-ly2fop7d author: Faustini, Annunziata title: Attributable Risk to Assess the Health Impact of Air Pollution: Advances, Controversies, State of the Art and Future Needs date: 2020-06-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt cache: ./cache/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-351651-6dbt99h0 author: Sun, Zhong title: Potential Factors Influencing Repeated SARS Outbreaks in China date: 2020-03-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-351651-6dbt99h0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-351651-6dbt99h0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-351651-6dbt99h0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-351785-d35kqobp author: DeWitt, Emily title: Rural SNAP Participants and Food Insecurity: How Can Communities Leverage Resources to Meet the Growing Food Insecurity Status of Rural and Low-Income Residents? date: 2020-08-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-351785-d35kqobp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-351785-d35kqobp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-351785-d35kqobp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353041-qmpatq8m author: Han, Ruixia title: The Influence of Norm Perception on Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Comparison between the Moderating Roles of Traditional Media and Social Media date: 2020-09-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353041-qmpatq8m.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353041-qmpatq8m.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-353041-qmpatq8m.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-354619-pftjhtpo author: Farronato, Marco title: A Call for Action to Safely Deliver Oral Health Care during and Post COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-354619-pftjhtpo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-354619-pftjhtpo.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-354619-pftjhtpo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-352501-5c78kq0w author: Lin, Paohui title: Food Safety Gaps between Consumers’ Expectations and Perceptions: Development and Verification of a Gap-Assessment Tool date: 2020-08-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-352501-5c78kq0w.txt cache: ./cache/cord-352501-5c78kq0w.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-352501-5c78kq0w.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-354345-p4ld0tun author: Bonadonna, Lucia title: A Review and Update on Waterborne Viral Diseases Associated with Swimming Pools date: 2019-01-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-354345-p4ld0tun.txt cache: ./cache/cord-354345-p4ld0tun.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-354345-p4ld0tun.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-351880-iqr419fp author: Fan, Changyu title: Prediction of Epidemic Spread of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Driven by Spring Festival Transportation in China: A Population-Based Study date: 2020-03-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-351880-iqr419fp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-351880-iqr419fp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-351880-iqr419fp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-352152-d3owtd98 author: Wang, Cuiyan title: Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China date: 2020-03-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-352152-d3owtd98.txt cache: ./cache/cord-352152-d3owtd98.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-352152-d3owtd98.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353173-5c4n4tsf author: Comunian, Silvia title: Air Pollution and COVID-19: The Role of Particulate Matter in the Spread and Increase of COVID-19’s Morbidity and Mortality date: 2020-06-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353173-5c4n4tsf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353173-5c4n4tsf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-353173-5c4n4tsf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-355095-4sxuppmo author: Kimhi, Shaul title: Distress and Resilience in the Days of COVID-19: Comparing Two Ethnicities date: 2020-06-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-355095-4sxuppmo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-355095-4sxuppmo.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-355095-4sxuppmo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-356156-jjdkwalk author: Moretti, Antimo title: Characterization of Home Working Population during COVID-19 Emergency: A Cross-Sectional Analysis date: 2020-08-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-356156-jjdkwalk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-356156-jjdkwalk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-356156-jjdkwalk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-355055-7m8on8ct author: Xie, Xiaoru title: Generational Differences in Perceptions of Food Health/Risk and Attitudes toward Organic Food and Game Meat: The Case of the COVID-19 Crisis in China date: 2020-04-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-355055-7m8on8ct.txt cache: ./cache/cord-355055-7m8on8ct.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-355055-7m8on8ct.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353867-617f90wq author: Ory, Marcia G. title: Implementing a Diabetes Education Program to Reduce Health Disparities in South Texas: Application of the RE-AIM Framework for Planning and Evaluation date: 2020-08-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353867-617f90wq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353867-617f90wq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-353867-617f90wq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-355133-s1az6o5c author: Farronato, Marco title: A Scoping Review of Respirator Literature and a Survey among Dental Professionals date: 2020-08-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-355133-s1az6o5c.txt cache: ./cache/cord-355133-s1az6o5c.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-355133-s1az6o5c.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353391-o0s2h0y0 author: Haj Bloukh, Samir title: A Look Behind the Scenes at COVID-19: National Strategies of Infection Control and Their Impact on Mortality date: 2020-08-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353391-o0s2h0y0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353391-o0s2h0y0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-353391-o0s2h0y0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353592-gsvobusu author: Luceño-Moreno, Lourdes title: Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Levels of Resilience and Burnout in Spanish Health Personnel during the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-07-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353592-gsvobusu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353592-gsvobusu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-353592-gsvobusu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-355066-jm07z3zk author: Ertemel, Adnan Veysel title: A Marketing Approach to a Psychological Problem: Problematic Smartphone Use on Adolescents date: 2020-04-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-355066-jm07z3zk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-355066-jm07z3zk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-355066-jm07z3zk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-355513-vgs96w3b author: Ma, Rongyang title: Effects of Health Information Dissemination on User Follows and Likes during COVID-19 Outbreak in China: Data and Content Analysis date: 2020-07-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-355513-vgs96w3b.txt cache: ./cache/cord-355513-vgs96w3b.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-355513-vgs96w3b.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-355905-av03suua author: Romero Starke, Karla title: The Age-Related Risk of Severe Outcomes Due to COVID-19 Infection: A Rapid Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression date: 2020-08-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-355905-av03suua.txt cache: ./cache/cord-355905-av03suua.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-355905-av03suua.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-355291-fq0h895i author: Yasir, Ammar title: Modeling Impact of Word of Mouth and E-Government on Online Social Presence during COVID-19 Outbreak: A Multi-Mediation Approach date: 2020-04-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-355291-fq0h895i.txt cache: ./cache/cord-355291-fq0h895i.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-355291-fq0h895i.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-355471-vt7qovf7 author: Ogojiaku, Chinonso N. title: The Health Opportunity Index: Understanding the Input to Disparate Health Outcomes in Vulnerable and High-Risk Census Tracts date: 2020-08-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-355471-vt7qovf7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-355471-vt7qovf7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-355471-vt7qovf7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-355318-qm79gz8w author: Smit, Albertus J. title: Winter Is Coming: A Southern Hemisphere Perspective of the Environmental Drivers of SARS-CoV-2 and the Potential Seasonality of COVID-19 date: 2020-08-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt cache: ./cache/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt' Que is empty; done journal-intJEnvironResPublicHealth-cord === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-262567-gojbccmz author = Lee, Seung-Man title = Mediating Effect of Sports Participation on the Relationship between Health Perceptions and Health Promoting Behavior in Adolescents date = 2020-09-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5392 sentences = 245 flesch = 38 summary = Based on the results of this study, suggestions are presented on how to enhance health perceptions in adolescents who are in a critical period for forming healthy life habits, and to prepare measures to encourage sports participation. In addition, previous studies are limited in that they sporadically report only some of the variables in the relationships among health perceptions, sports participation, and health promoting behavior. In order to overcome these limitations, it is necessary to verify the effects of health perceptions and sports participation on improving health promoting behavior in adolescents, using an appropriate study design. Sixth, bootstrapping was used to verify the mediating effect of sports participation on the relationship between health perceptions and health promoting behavior in adolescents (see Section 3.3). Analyses were performed to verify the model that explains the structural relationship between the individual variables by verifying the mediating effect of sports participation on the relationship between health perceptions and health promoting behavior in adolescents. cache = ./cache/cord-262567-gojbccmz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-262567-gojbccmz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010334-7ce0xhjo author = Li, Chun title = The Relationship Exploration between Public Migration Attention and Population Migration from a Perspective of Search Query date = 2020-04-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8250 sentences = 374 flesch = 42 summary = (3) To verify the relationship between search query data in cyber space and population migration in geographical space, we select three urban agglomerations in China as case study: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region (BTH), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and the Pearl River Delta (PRD). (3) To verify the relationship between search query data in cyber space and population migration in geographical space, we select three urban agglomerations in China as case study: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region (BTH), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and the Pearl River Delta (PRD). Based on the different original location of migration search, we construct three MAIs as local-MAI, external-MAI, and intercity-MAI to delineate the public attention generated from local city, attention from external areas, and attention flow among urban areas; then, the correlation analysis is conducted between MAIs in cyber space and urban migrants in geographical space to further verify the aforementioned hypothesis. cache = ./cache/cord-010334-7ce0xhjo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010334-7ce0xhjo.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-034351-5br4faov author = Xu, Shuang-Fei title = Cross-Sectional Seroepidemiologic Study of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among Close Contacts, Children, and Migrant Workers in Shanghai date = 2020-10-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3445 sentences = 187 flesch = 51 summary = (1) Background: Along with an increasing risk caused by migrant workers returning to the urban areas for the resumption of work and production and growing epidemiological evidence of possible transmission during the incubation period, a study of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is warranted among key populations to determine the serum antibody against the SARS-CoV-2 and the carrying status of SARS-CoV-2 to identify potential asymptomatic infection and to explore the risk factors. Three categories of targeted populations (close contacts, migrant workers who return to urban areas for work, and school children) will be included in this study as they are important for case identification in communities. Since the first known case of pneumonia infected with the novel coronavirus was reported in the city of Wuhan in late December of 2019, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2 and announced by the World Health Organization on 11 February 2020, unexpectedly and quickly spread in China and many other countries with rapid geographical expansion and a sudden increase in the number of cases [1, 2] . cache = ./cache/cord-034351-5br4faov.txt txt = ./txt/cord-034351-5br4faov.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-253000-nwbmxepi author = Margină, Denisa title = Chronic Inflammation in the Context of Everyday Life: Dietary Changes as Mitigating Factors date = 2020-06-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8273 sentences = 424 flesch = 37 summary = Fasting in combination with calorie restriction modulates molecular mechanisms such as m-TOR, FOXO, NRF2, AMPK, and sirtuins, ultimately leads to significantly reduced inflammatory marker levels, as well as improved metabolic markers. It has been found that intermittent fasting can prevent and reverse all aspects of metabolic syndrome in rodents: body fat, inflammation, and blood pressure are reduced; insulin sensitivity is increased; and the functional capacity of the neuromuscular and cardiovascular systems are improved [151] [152] [153] . In another study, which used the same fasting guidelines, improved metabolic markers were observed after periodic fasting, including a decrease in blood glucose levels associated with changes in gut microbiome composition [73] . These changes include increased fiber and polyphenol intake compared to the current western diets, but also well-structured, personalized fasting protocols, which can reduce the risk of metabolic disorders (Figure 3) . cache = ./cache/cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-013317-s6ss95h6 author = Gallè, Francesca title = Are Health Literacy and Lifestyle of Undergraduates Related to the Educational Field? An Italian Survey date = 2020-09-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3801 sentences = 200 flesch = 49 summary = This study aimed to assess HL among undergraduates from healthcare and non-healthcare degree courses of two Italian universities and the association between their HL, lifestyles, and BMI assumed as health outcome. This study aims to: (i) evaluate the levels of HL, in all its dimensions, among undergraduates attending healthcare and non-healthcare related degree courses in two Italian universities; (ii) identify possible group differences; (iii) investigate the relationship between undergraduates' HL, health-related behaviors and BMI assumed as health outcome. In order to highlight different issues related to specific HL skills requiring targeted educational interventions [26] , two validated questionnaires were used to assess all the domains of participants' HL: the eight-item Health Literacy Assessment Tool (HLAT-8) developed by Abel et al. As indicated by NVS score, 68.8% of the whole sample showed adequate literacy and numeracy, while the communication and information skills evaluated through the HLAT-8 questionnaire were above average, with significantly higher levels found in nursing students. cache = ./cache/cord-013317-s6ss95h6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-013317-s6ss95h6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-003640-psnec2qp author = Mbareche, Hamza title = Bioaerosols Play a Major Role in the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota Content in Agricultural Environment date = 2019-04-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10135 sentences = 522 flesch = 46 summary = Results: A multivariate analysis showed air samples and nasopharyngeal flora of pig workers cluster together, compared to the non-exposed control group. An ecological analysis was conducted to reveal the variation in the community composition between the three sample groups (nasopharynx of pig farmers and non-exposed controls and air from pig farms). Given the observed difference in the number of bacterial OTUs, evenness, and evolutionary distance (alpha diversity) and in the bacterial community composition (beta diversity) in samples of the nasopharyngeal flora of farmers and non-exposed individuals and bioaerosols, collected in pig buildings, the next step was to reveal the taxonomic profiles of the three groups. Given the observed difference in the number of bacterial OTUs, evenness, and evolutionary distance (alpha diversity) and in the bacterial community composition (beta diversity) in samples of the nasopharyngeal flora of farmers and non-exposed individuals and bioaerosols, collected in pig buildings, the next step was to reveal the taxonomic profiles of the three groups. cache = ./cache/cord-003640-psnec2qp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-003640-psnec2qp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-012462-q8u47hdp author = Olsavszky, Victor title = Time Series Analysis and Forecasting with Automated Machine Learning on a National ICD-10 Database date = 2020-07-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5247 sentences = 267 flesch = 49 summary = By using the nation-wide ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision) dataset of hospitalized patients of Romania, we have generated time series datasets over the period of 2008–2018 and performed highly accurate AutoTS predictions for the ten deadliest diseases. For this purpose the corresponding ICD-10 codes for ischemic heart diseases, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lower respiratory infections, Alzheimer's disease, lung cancer, diabetes mellitus, road injuries, diarrheal diseases, and tuberculosis (Table S1) were extracted from the whole ICD-10 data set of hospitalized patients in Romania from the period 2008-2018. Another reduction in case counts is observed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, especially in the North East region, when comparing the predicted years to the previous ones ( Figure 4C ). When compared to the current literature, this is the first study on a national ICD-10 database to perform thorough time series forecasting on multiple diseases on a regional level using AutoML to select the most accurate of a multitude of models (Table S5) . cache = ./cache/cord-012462-q8u47hdp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-012462-q8u47hdp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-262637-crqw59k1 author = Kwon, Sophia title = Food Intake REstriction for Health OUtcome Support and Education (FIREHOUSE) Protocol: A Randomized Clinical Trial date = 2020-09-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5636 sentences = 316 flesch = 47 summary = We will randomize subjects (1:1) to either: (1) Low Calorie Mediterranean (LoCalMed)—an integrative multifactorial, technology-supported approach focused on behavioral modification, nutritional education that will include a self-monitored diet with feedback, physical activity recommendations, and social cognitive theory-based group counseling sessions; or (2) Usual Care. In light of these findings, we focused our work on the inflammatory effects of lipids in the development of particulate matter (PM)-induced lung injury [22] To investigate the potential reversibility of WTC-LI by direct impact on MetSyn risk factors, we focus on calorie-restricted (CR) Mediterranean diets based on recent studies showing their ability to attenuate lipid levels [20, 23, 24] . At baseline, participants will be provided in-person, group-based technology training, and will receive handouts with the following study goals: (1) weight loss of ≥seven percent at 6-months; (2) saturated fat intake ≤seven percent of kcal; (3) ≥150-min per week of moderate-intensity physical activity. cache = ./cache/cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-011906-ek7joi0m author = Throuvala, Melina A. title = Mind over Matter: Testing the Efficacy of an Online Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Distraction from Smartphone Use date = 2020-07-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11409 sentences = 603 flesch = 41 summary = Given: (i) young adults are keen users of smartphone apps, with increased vulnerability to self-regulation and technology use [74] , (ii) the high stakes for academic achievement, and (iii) the similarity in processes observed between gambling addiction and social media overuse [115] , the strategies of mindfulness, activity monitoring, and mood tracking utilized in gambling harm-reduction [86, 116, 117] are employed in the present study. The present study tested the efficacy of a ten-day online app-delivered randomized controlled trial (RCT) based on cognitive-behavioural principles to reduce distraction (primary outcome) and a number of secondary psychological outcomes: self-awareness, mindful attention, FoMO, anxiety, and depression among university students. The present study tested the efficacy of an online intervention employing an integrative set of strategies-consisting of mindfulness, self-monitoring and mood tracking-in assisting young adults to decrease levels of smartphone distraction and improve on a variety of secondary psychological outcomes, such as mindful attention, emotional awareness, stress and anxiety, and perceived self-efficacy, as well as to reduce stress, anxiety, deficient self-regulation, problematic social media use and smartphone-related psychological outcomes (i.e., online vigilance, FoMO and NoMO). cache = ./cache/cord-011906-ek7joi0m.txt txt = ./txt/cord-011906-ek7joi0m.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-012515-dxu7ajse author = Kim, Sookyung title = Prioritizing Training Needs of School Health Staff: The Example of Vietnam date = 2020-08-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4620 sentences = 222 flesch = 47 summary = Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 5563 3 of 11 needs in nine domains: providing emergency care (Domain 1), providing health education (Domain 2), operating the school health room (Domain 3), implementing health screening for students (Domain 4), controlling infectious diseases (Domain 5), establishing a healthy and safe physical environment (Domain 6), providing health counseling (Domain 7), implementing health promotion programs (Domain 8), and developing professionalism (Domain 9). The initial questionnaire consisted of 59 items pertaining to SHS members' training needs in nine domains: providing emergency care (Domain 1), providing health education (Domain 2), operating the school health room (Domain 3), implementing health screening for students (Domain 4), controlling infectious diseases (Domain 5), establishing a healthy and safe physical environment (Domain 6), providing health counseling (Domain 7), implementing health promotion programs (Domain 8), and developing professionalism (Domain 9). cache = ./cache/cord-012515-dxu7ajse.txt txt = ./txt/cord-012515-dxu7ajse.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-011537-e20zaosw author = Vicent, María title = Perfectionism Profiles and Motivation to Exercise Based on Self-Determination Theory date = 2020-05-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5323 sentences = 267 flesch = 35 summary = Latent Profile Analysis based on two higher-order perfectionism dimensions, Perfectionistic Strivings (PS) and Perfectionistic Concerns (PC), supported a four-class solution: Non-Perfectionists (low PS and PC), Adaptive Perfectionists (high PS and low PC), Maladaptive Perfectionists (high PS and PC), and Moderate Perfectionists (moderate PS and PC). In accordance with previous literature [21] , if this three-class model fits the data, we hypothesize that: (a) Adaptive Perfectionists would experience the highest levels of autonomous motivation (i.e., Intrinsic, Integrated, and Identified); (b) Maladaptive Perfectionists would show more controlled motivation (i.e. Introjected, External, and Amotivation), and (c) Non-Perfectionists would report the lowest levels of both autonomous and controlled motivation. This 23-item instrument assesses the six regulatory styles of the SDT's motivational continuum in the context of sport and exercise: Intrinsic, Integrated, Identified, Introjected, External, and Amotivation. cache = ./cache/cord-011537-e20zaosw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-011537-e20zaosw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-002184-964tbh7d author = Liu, Kui title = Chinese Public Attention to the Outbreak of Ebola in West Africa: Evidence from the Online Big Data Platform date = 2016-08-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4770 sentences = 234 flesch = 51 summary = This study aimed to investigate and evaluate the public reaction to Ebola in China and identify the primitive correlation between possible influence factors caused by the outbreak of Ebola in West Africa and Chinese public attention via Internet surveillance. To understand the public reaction in China to the outbreak of EVD in West Africa, we carried out an innovative network digital epidemiologic study based on the online data retrieved from 20 July to 4 September in 2014, in which the epidemics had aroused significant attention and reaction in China. This paper reported the use of BDI and SMI to identify the Chinese public's reaction to the Ebola outbreak in West Africa from 20 July to 4 September in 2014. This digital epidemiologic study suggested that online surveillance reflected significant attention in the Chinese population to the Ebola outbreak, and that BDI and SMI were rapid and efficient in identifying and evaluating public reactions. cache = ./cache/cord-002184-964tbh7d.txt txt = ./txt/cord-002184-964tbh7d.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-271898-cct702cv author = Duplaga, Mariusz title = The Acceptance of Key Public Health Interventions by the Polish Population Is Related to Health Literacy, But Not eHealth Literacy date = 2020-07-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6902 sentences = 331 flesch = 48 summary = The main aim of this study was to assess the association between HL and eHL with the opinions about vaccinations and the introduction of the ST held by a representative sample of the adult Polish population. According to the systematic review published by Lopez et al., higher acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was associated most consistently with female gender and younger age of respondent parent, female gender of the adolescent, higher household income and previous childhood vaccinations [35] . Finally, the systematic review with a meta-analysis based on 20 papers reporting the results of 22 studies, published in 2019 by Eykelenboom et al., showed that 42% of the public supported the SSB tax; 39% accepted it as a measure to reduce obesity, and 66% supported it if the revenue is used for some type of health-improving initiative [70] . cache = ./cache/cord-271898-cct702cv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-271898-cct702cv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-264560-hxvadp24 author = Liu, Jui-Yao title = Analysis of Imported Cases of COVID-19 in Taiwan: A Nationwide Study date = 2020-05-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4333 sentences = 236 flesch = 60 summary = The Taiwanese authorities have made efforts to contain the importation of the disease by issuing travel advisories and implementing flight bans, entry restrictions, airport screening, home quarantining of travellers from high-risk areas, isolation of confirmed cases, and thorough contact tracing [11] [12] [13] . Travellers entering Taiwan with fever or respiratory symptoms must have oropharyngeal specimens collected for COVID-19 testing and are subject to home quarantining for 14 days, as are travellers from areas where the disease is epidemic. Of the imported cases, 32.7% were identified in airport screening, 27.7% during home quarantine, 16.2% through contact tracing, and 23.4% sought medical attention themselves and were reported by the hospitals (Table 3 ). Proactive border control measures to contain the importation of COVID-19 via airport screening, quarantining of travellers from epidemic areas, and thorough contact tracing are effective for preventing community transmission of this disease. cache = ./cache/cord-264560-hxvadp24.txt txt = ./txt/cord-264560-hxvadp24.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-013405-68777jts author = Lu, Wenze title = The Importance of Genuineness in Public Engagement—An Exploratory Study of Pediatric Communication on Social Media in China date = 2020-09-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8342 sentences = 469 flesch = 47 summary = This study developed a four-dimension framework including self-disclosure, genuine response, functional interactivity, and genuineness in Chinese culture to investigate the effect of genuineness in the communication of Chinese social media influencers in pediatrics on public engagement. This study is the first to develop an integrated framework to measure genuineness in online health communication and contributes to the understanding of the effect of genuineness on Chinese public engagement in social media. Table 5 summarizes the negative binomial regression results on the sub-dimensions of "self-disclosure", "genuine response", "functional interactivity", "genuineness in Chinese culture" and the number of shares, likes, comments and positive comments. Negative Binomial Regression Results on the Sub-dimensions of "Self-disclosure", "Genuine response", "Functional interactivity", "Genuineness in Chinese Culture" and the Number of Shares, Likes, Comments and Positive Comments. cache = ./cache/cord-013405-68777jts.txt txt = ./txt/cord-013405-68777jts.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-258762-vabyyx01 author = Garbey, Marc title = A Systems Approach to Assess Transport and Diffusion of Hazardous Airborne Particles in a Large Surgical Suite: Potential Impacts on Viral Airborne Transmission date = 2020-07-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9879 sentences = 445 flesch = 56 summary = To address the clinical implication over a long period of time, the systems approach is built upon previous work on multi-scale modeling of surgical flow in a large operating room suite and takes into account human behavior factors. Clinical environments are too complex to model with the traditional modeling method of airflow and particle transportation because both the source intensity of surgical smoke [19] as well as the mechanism of propagation via door openings [20] are largely dominated by human factors. The indoor air quality is a linear set of differential equations that will be slightly more complex than a standard compartment model since the coefficient will be stochastic, the sources and output/leaks of the particles term will have a time delay built in, and the hallway will require a transport equation. cache = ./cache/cord-258762-vabyyx01.txt txt = ./txt/cord-258762-vabyyx01.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-013385-6nq4yzvz author = Yang, Fan title = Heterogeneous Influences of Social Support on Physical and Mental Health: Evidence from China date = 2020-09-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7165 sentences = 389 flesch = 48 summary = A growing body of literature has demonstrated that the amount and quality of social support from relatives, friends, neighbors, and the community are pivotal factors in positively affecting a person's physical and mental health [10] [11] [12] and acts as a form of prevention against harmful behaviors and distressing emotions [13] . Based on big data from China, this study adopts quantitative research methods to analyze the heterogenous affecting of social support on individual physical and mental health. Oprobit regression models are used to estimate the influences of social support factors on the six mental health dimensions in this study (depression, hopelessness, failure, fear, loneliness, and meaninglessness). As such, we grouped the samples into two subgroups-respondents below 60 and those 60 and over-to check the heterogeneous influence of emotional, tangible or instrumental, interaction or exchange, and community support on individual mental health at different ages. cache = ./cache/cord-013385-6nq4yzvz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-013385-6nq4yzvz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-013390-i5h7ob3n author = Salem, Haya title = Psychosocial Aspects of Female Breast Cancer in the Middle East and North Africa date = 2020-09-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7571 sentences = 353 flesch = 51 summary = Collaboration between mass media, health and education systems, and leading social-religious figures plays a major role in overcoming psychological and cultural barriers, including beliefs surrounding pain, fear, embarrassment, and modesty, particularly for women of lower socioeconomic status and women living in crises and conflict zones. We used the keywords "society", "culture", "breast cancer", "women", "screening", "quality of life", "attitudes", "stigma", "women", "Arab", "Muslim", "family", "coping", "mental health", and "religion". This review found that several socio-cultural and political factors affect Arab women's quality of life when they are diagnosed with and treated for breast cancer. Our review found that being a working and educated mother does not necessarily indicate better self-care or better awareness of BSE; in fact, we found that knowing someone, such as a family member or friend, who was diagnosed with breast cancer had a stronger impact on self-health management, resulting from fear that prompted women to perform self-or clinical screening. cache = ./cache/cord-013390-i5h7ob3n.txt txt = ./txt/cord-013390-i5h7ob3n.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-011536-rb8g5llp author = Jiang, Dong title = Could Environment Affect the Mutation of H1N1 Influenza Virus? date = 2020-04-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3762 sentences = 188 flesch = 43 summary = According to the research of Aitor Nogales et al., the H3N2 virus encoding the NS1-V194I protein displays a temperature-sensitive phenotype, providing an assumption of the effect of environmental factors such as temperature on the genetic mutation of influenza viruses [9] . In the present study, the location information (i.e., latitude and longitudes) of 11,721 reported cases of H1N1 were collected and we explored if H1N1 genomic diversity was subject to the direct effects of temperature, precipitation, and other natural factors or the indirect effects of population density, urban development, and other social factors. For H1N1's HA mutation from 2000-2019, a simple generalized linear model (GLM) shows that, of all the seven independent variables, most variables displayed a strong significance with HA mutation, including maximum temperature, minimum temperature, nighttime light, population density, and years fixed factor. Figure 1 shows the impact of four variables on mutation, with precipitation (A) and minimum temperature (B) being selected as representatives of environmental factors, and nighttime light (C) and population density (D) as representative social factors. cache = ./cache/cord-011536-rb8g5llp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-011536-rb8g5llp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-269969-xl1ooxoj author = Duong, Tuyen Van title = Digital Healthy Diet Literacy and Self-Perceived Eating Behavior Change during COVID-19 Pandemic among Undergraduate Nursing and Medical Students: A Rapid Online Survey date = 2020-09-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4133 sentences = 209 flesch = 45 summary = title: Digital Healthy Diet Literacy and Self-Perceived Eating Behavior Change during COVID-19 Pandemic among Undergraduate Nursing and Medical Students: A Rapid Online Survey We examined the psychometric properties of digital healthy diet literacy (DDL) and its association with eating behavior changes during the COVID-19 pandemic among nursing and medical students. We conducted a cross-sectional study from 7 April to 31 May 2020 at 10 public universities in Vietnam, in which 7616 undergraduate students aged 19–27 completed an online survey to assess socio-demographics, clinical parameters, health literacy (HL), DDL, and health-related behaviors. We examined the psychometric properties of an expanded digital healthy diet literacy (DDL) domain of health literacy to investigate associations between DDL and eating behavior changes during the COVID-19 pandemic among nursing and medical students at 10 public universities in Vietnam. In this study, our findings illustrate that higher scores of health literacy and digital healthy diet literacy were positively associated with healthier eating behavior during the pandemic for both nursing and medical students. cache = ./cache/cord-269969-xl1ooxoj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-269969-xl1ooxoj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-268176-tb12txdf author = Garcia de Avila, Marla Andréia title = Children’s Anxiety and Factors Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Study Using the Children’s Anxiety Questionnaire and the Numerical Rating Scale date = 2020-08-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5794 sentences = 274 flesch = 55 summary = This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety among Brazilian children and its associated factors during social distancing during COVID-19. In logistic regression, the following variables were associated with higher CAQ scores: social distancing without parents; more persons living together in home; and education level of guardians. There were no statistically significant differences for NRS and the studied variables, but the prevalence of anxiety was highest among the children who maintained social distance with someone other than the parents (28.6%, n = 16). Higher levels of anxiety (CAQ ≥ 9) were associated with social distancing, the number of persons at home, guardians' age, and education level of the guardians. The prevalence of anxiety among the children during the COVID-19 pandemic in this group was 19.4% (n = 56), according to the CAQ, and 21.8% (n = 63), according to the NRS. cache = ./cache/cord-268176-tb12txdf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-268176-tb12txdf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-271887-blwrpf38 author = Sampa, Masuda Begum title = Redesigning Portable Health Clinic Platform as a Remote Healthcare System to Tackle COVID-19 Pandemic Situation in Unreached Communities date = 2020-06-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5654 sentences = 271 flesch = 47 summary = Our initial examination of the suitability of the PHC and its associated technologies as a key contributor to public health responses is designed to "flatten the curve", particularly among unreached high-risk NCD populations in developing countries. Portable Health Clinic (PHC) services, which is an RHS, have proven efficacy in providing necessary information and preventive measures for people without access to healthcare facilities [17] [18] [19] . No previous study to date has examined the scopes of designing and developing an RHS based on the general requirements to facilitate primary screening and triaging COVID-19 and primary healthcare services for preventing COVID-19 and controlling NCDs. However, such screening and triaging COVID-19 by an RHS is important for cost-effective check-ups and for reducing the risk of transmission for unreached communities with various needs. In its existing functional form, deploying the PHC and related RHS technologies for socially distanced populations during a public health emergency, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, is beneficial in reducing the risk of transmission to frontline healthcare professionals. cache = ./cache/cord-271887-blwrpf38.txt txt = ./txt/cord-271887-blwrpf38.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-252870-52fjx7s4 author = Xie, Kefan title = The Impact of Risk Perception on Social Distancing during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China date = 2020-08-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6275 sentences = 333 flesch = 42 summary = Hence, these findings suggest effective management guidelines for successful implementation of the social distancing policies during the COVID-19 pandemic by emphasizing the critical role of risk perception, perceived understanding, and safety climate. Individual's perceived understanding and safety climate are also examined to identify their effectiveness in the relationship between risk perception and social distancing. Perceived Understanding about the COVID-19 pandemic plays a mediating role between Risk Perception and Social Distancing behavior. The initial questionnaire contained 22 questions to measure these 4 latent variables, including Risk Perception-RP (7 items), Perceived Understanding-PU (4 items), Social Distancing-SD (5 items), and Safety Climate-SC (6 items). This study provided evidence that risk perception and perceived understanding can significantly affect people's social distancing behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the data collected from an online survey among 317 participants in China throughout May 2020, our analyses indicate that positive changes in social distancing behaviors are associated with increased risk perception, perceived understanding, and safety climate. cache = ./cache/cord-252870-52fjx7s4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-252870-52fjx7s4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-002438-b8t4a57r author = Cheng, Wei title = Comparison of Influenza Epidemiological and Virological Characteristics between Outpatients and Inpatients in Zhejiang Province, China, March 2011–June 2015 date = 2017-02-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4843 sentences = 235 flesch = 52 summary = Our study use the surveillance data collected from 16 sentinel hospitals across Zhejiang Province during March 2011 through June 2015, including the demographic information and respiratory specimens from influenza-like illness (ILI) patients and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) patients. In this study, we used four-year continuous surveillance data to compare the epidemic and virological characteristics of influenza virus between ILI cases and SARI cases in Zhejiang Province. Correlation analysis of weekly influenza virus type/subtype constitution among total positive numbers between influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI). Our findings further demonstrated that young children are vulnerable for both mild and severe respiratory infection, and the low influenza detection rate among 0-4 years age-group in both SARI and ILI patients foreshadow the need of expand the respiratory illness surveillance to more types of pathogens [12, 24] . cache = ./cache/cord-002438-b8t4a57r.txt txt = ./txt/cord-002438-b8t4a57r.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-255228-nopt5ql5 author = Romero-Blanco, Cristina title = Sleep Pattern Changes in Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Lockdown date = 2020-07-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4538 sentences = 224 flesch = 56 summary = For this reason, the objective of this study is to determine the difference in nursing students' sleep quality before and during the lockdown, put in place in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. In relation to the data obtained in this study, recent research suggests that lockdown has worsened sleep quality despite increasing its quantity, observing that there has been an increase in mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, and even suicidal thoughts [18, 25] . Looking at the results obtained at each of the time points analyzed, we observed that at the first data collection point, the PSQI score was around 5 (the borderline sleep quality score) in all students except smokers and those with anxiety or depression, who had higher scores. In this study, the PSQI score obtained at each of the two time points analyzed was higher at higher BMIs. However, we only observed changes in sleep quality among students with a normal weight, perhaps because of the low sample sizes in the other categories. cache = ./cache/cord-255228-nopt5ql5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-255228-nopt5ql5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-274459-781by93r author = Khalifa, Shaden A. M. title = Comprehensive Overview on Multiple Strategies Fighting COVID-19 date = 2020-08-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5466 sentences = 311 flesch = 51 summary = Our review aims to evaluate strategies of the most affected countries from different continents all over the world (China, Italy, Germany, France, Spain, America, Canada, Brazil, UK, India, Japan, Singapore, Iran, Korea, and Australia) for confronting the epidemic as it explains the best practices that could help other countries to overcome current or any upcoming pandemic. Most countries were forced to announce emergency measures to protect vulnerable people and block ways of transmission due to the continuous increase in confirmed cases by time as reported in Figure 3 [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] . Most countries were forced to announce emergency measures to protect vulnerable people and block ways of transmission due to the continuous increase in confirmed cases by time as reported in Figure 3 [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] . cache = ./cache/cord-274459-781by93r.txt txt = ./txt/cord-274459-781by93r.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-256041-k4y6t0i5 author = Gómez-Salgado, Juan title = Related Health Factors of Psychological Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain date = 2020-06-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5959 sentences = 277 flesch = 51 summary = The objective of the study is to analyse the psychological distress in a Spanish population sample during the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying the predictive character and role that sociodemographic variables, the presence of physical symptoms, and other health-related variables may have. Our results are in line with those found in most studies, showing that women present significantly higher levels of distress (with low size effect), and this can therefore be understood as an individual risk factor in the face of the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic. However, a study similar to the present one conducted at the beginning of the COVID-19 quarantine identified an increased risk of psychological distress among people over 60 years of age [33] . Among the variables that predict psychological distress are, therefore: being female, age, employment situation, number of symptoms, perception of poor health, having been in close contact with an infected person, as well as having been in contact with people or material suspected of being infected. cache = ./cache/cord-256041-k4y6t0i5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-256041-k4y6t0i5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-003612-bp7sray2 author = Hu, Guangyu title = Public Perception on Healthcare Services: Evidence from Social Media Platforms in China date = 2019-04-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4501 sentences = 221 flesch = 46 summary = Several researchers studied patient experience, based on the comments posted by patients from online health communities in China [21, 22] , but few studies have been conducted to gather information on healthcare services related topics using social media data. The objectives of this study are to conduct volume and sentiment analyses base on the extracted social media contents on hospital healthcare services. Our results showed that patient safety was the most significant topic for users of Chinese social media platforms, followed by information technology and service efficiency. Our results showed that patient safety was the most significant topic for users of Chinese social media platforms, followed by information technology and service efficiency. By analyzing shared information from WeChat and Qzone, this study showed that patient safety was the most concerned topic for users of Chinese social media platform, followed by information technology and service efficiency, while the doctor-patient relationship was found to have the highest proportion of negative comments. cache = ./cache/cord-003612-bp7sray2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-003612-bp7sray2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-252894-c02v47jz author = Chae, Sangwon title = Predicting Infectious Disease Using Deep Learning and Big Data date = 2018-07-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10663 sentences = 605 flesch = 57 summary = This study predicts infectious diseases by optimizing the parameters of deep learning algorithms while considering big data including social media data. The performance of the deep neural network (DNN) and long-short term memory (LSTM) learning models were compared with the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) when predicting three infectious diseases one week into the future. Therefore, the aim of this study is to design a model that uses the infectious disease occurrence data provided by the KCDC, search query data from search engines that are specialized for South Korea, Twitter social media big data, and weather data such as temperature and humidity. Figure 1 shows the overall framework of the model used in this study including the data collection process and the comparison of models designed using the deep neural network (DNN) method, the long-short term memory (LSTM) method, the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) method, and the ordinary least squares (OLS) method. cache = ./cache/cord-252894-c02v47jz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-252894-c02v47jz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-281741-wzsrqc7p author = Xu, Bo title = Impacts of Road Traffic Network and Socioeconomic Factors on the Diffusion of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in Mainland China date = 2019-04-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6186 sentences = 252 flesch = 44 summary = To investigate the quantitative relationships between epidemic characteristics (e.g., cumulative incidence, onset week, and duration) and socioeconomic factors, including Urban ratio, PopDensity, PGDP, Income, Hospital, Hos-bed, Doctor, College, MidSchool, PriSchool, CollegeStu, MidSchoolStu, PriSchoolStu, and Pig, as well as the network structure parameters of the city vertices calculated above and to quantify the contribution of road transportation and the spatial distance to the spread of the influenza virus, we used spatial autoregressive models [33] performed in MATLAB. To investigate the quantitative relationships between epidemic characteristics (e.g., cumulative incidence, onset week, and duration) and socioeconomic factors, including Urban ratio, PopDensity, PGDP, Income, Hospital, Hos-bed, Doctor, College, MidSchool, PriSchool, CollegeStu, MidSchoolStu, PriSchoolStu, and Pig, as well as the network structure parameters of the city vertices calculated above and to quantify the contribution of road transportation and the spatial distance to the spread of the influenza virus, we used spatial autoregressive models [33] performed in MATLAB. cache = ./cache/cord-281741-wzsrqc7p.txt txt = ./txt/cord-281741-wzsrqc7p.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-264133-yj100ryt author = Anderson, Gregory S. title = Peer Support and Crisis-Focused Psychological Interventions Designed to Mitigate Post-Traumatic Stress Injuries among Public Safety and Frontline Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review date = 2020-10-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6344 sentences = 285 flesch = 39 summary = Thematic groups identified within the literature included CISD (n = 5: included 2 studies with undefined organizationally-offered or -facilitated debriefing) and critical incident stress management (CISM, n = 1), as well as several peer support programs (n = 8) including types of psychological or mental health first aid and trauma risk management. Thematic groups identified within the literature included CISD (n = 5: included 2 studies with undefined organizationally-offered or -facilitated debriefing) and critical incident stress management (CISM, n = 1), as well as several peer support programs (n = 8) including types of psychological or mental health first aid and trauma risk management. The current review identified 14 studies measuring the effectiveness of peer support programs and crisis-focused psychological interventions among PSP and FHP following exposure to a PPTE with the hopes of mitigating PTSIs, and ultimately PTSD. cache = ./cache/cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt txt = ./txt/cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-263518-6puccigu author = Maarefvand, Masoomeh title = Coronavirus Outbreak and Stress in Iranians date = 2020-06-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4918 sentences = 228 flesch = 46 summary = A 54-item, valid, and reliable questionnaire, including items on demographic characteristics and past medical history, stress levels, awareness about signs and symptoms of COVID-19, knowledge about at-risk groups and prevention methods, knowledge about transmission methods, trust in sources of information, and availability of facemasks and sanitizers, was deployed via social and mass media networks. The questionnaire included items about demographic characteristics and past medical history, stress levels, awareness about signs and symptoms of COVID-19, awareness about at-risk groups, knowledge about COVID-19 transmission methods, knowledge about effective COVID-19 prevention methods, awareness of the lack of a vaccine to prevent COVID-19, trust in information sources about COVID-19, and availability of facemasks and sanitizers. Demographic variables (including gender, age, employment, education, province, awareness of no approved vaccine for COVID-19, background disease), knowledge about transmission and prevention methods, awareness about signs and symptoms and at-risk groups, and trust in sources of information about COVID-19 were individually entered in the univariate models. cache = ./cache/cord-263518-6puccigu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-263518-6puccigu.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-256636-z14anp3h author = Muennig, Peter title = Determining the Optimal Outcome Measures for Studying the Social Determinants of Health date = 2020-04-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5688 sentences = 266 flesch = 49 summary = In this paper, we describe a case study in which leading global experts systematically: (1) developed a conceptual model that outlines the potential pathways through which a social policy influences health, (2) fits outcome measures to this conceptual model, and (3) estimates an optimal time frame for collection of the selected outcome measures. The treatment group is offered three years of employment coaching that uses an explicit methodology for helping participants set and achieve goals across four domains (employment, education/training, financial management, and personal and family wellbeing) with an explicit focus on identifying and addressing "executive function" challenges that get in the way of goal-achievement in these domains [30] . The initial conceptual model for MyGoals for Healthy Aging (Figure 2 ) was simply drawn out by a handful of experts in the social determinants of health. The initial conceptual model for MyGoals for Healthy Aging (Figure 2 ) was simply drawn out by a handful of experts in the social determinants of health. cache = ./cache/cord-256636-z14anp3h.txt txt = ./txt/cord-256636-z14anp3h.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-262647-kkvekors author = Niwa, Makoto title = Effectiveness of Social Measures against COVID-19 Outbreaks in Selected Japanese Regions Analyzed by System Dynamic Modeling date = 2020-08-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4832 sentences = 290 flesch = 45 summary = In Japan's response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), virus testing was limited to symptomatic patients due to limited capacity, resulting in uncertainty regarding the spread of infection and the appropriateness of countermeasures. This causal loop modelling suggested that the only effective measure against COVID-19 transmission in the Japanese context was intervention in the early stages of the outbreak by national and regional governments, and no social self-strengthening dynamics were demonstrated. In handling the complex COVID-19 transmission processes in the population and the effects of societal factors, the idea to use system dynamics, describing complex social systems as a collective set of mathematical equations, was drawn based on some considerations. As social components, intervention by national or local government [3] , awareness raising regarding physical distancing and hygiene measures [15] , countermeasures by private or public enterprises [16] , new business practices, working from home, and contact reduction in commuting were included. cache = ./cache/cord-262647-kkvekors.txt txt = ./txt/cord-262647-kkvekors.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-256004-rqdeac7h author = Wilcox, Elizabeth S. title = Empowering Health Workers to Protect their Own Health: A Study of Enabling Factors and Barriers to Implementing HealthWISE in Mozambique, South Africa, and Zimbabwe date = 2020-06-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10249 sentences = 419 flesch = 39 summary = Through a multiple-case study and thematic analysis of data collected primarily from focus group discussions and questionnaires, we examined the enabling factors and barriers to the implementation of HealthWISE by applying the integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARiHS) framework. Overall, successful implementation of HealthWISE required dedicated local team members who helped facilitate the process by adapting HealthWISE to the workers' occupational health and safety (OHS) knowledge and skill levels and the cultures and needs of their hospitals, cutting across all constructs of the i-PARiHS framework. Results for the four constructs-innovation, recipients, context, and facilitation-are presented below, with quotes that help to reflect what was an enabling factor or barrier in the implementation of HealthWISE in each of the participating hospitals in Mozambique, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. cache = ./cache/cord-256004-rqdeac7h.txt txt = ./txt/cord-256004-rqdeac7h.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-259809-7glw6pir author = Lloyd, Helen M. title = Supporting Innovative Person-Centred Care in Financially Constrained Environments: The WE CARE Exploratory Health Laboratory Evaluation Strategy date = 2020-04-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7735 sentences = 381 flesch = 45 summary = The COST CARES project aims to support healthcare cost containment and improve healthcare quality across Europe by developing the research and development necessary for person-centred care (PCC) and health promotion. COST Action 15222 'Cost Cares' was funded by the EU Commission to create the impetus in both the research and development required to design and test innovative exploratory health laboratories (EHLs) to implement PCC and HP across the EU. Repeated here for clarity the critical enablers are (1) information technology (IT), which describes the use of computers or other computerized devises to store, transmit, and receive data to support PCC planning and care coordination, for handling and communicating health and evaluation data, and for delivering PCC and HP interventions. (4) Incentive systems that reward PCC processes and outcomes, such as personal health goals, PCC plans, improvements in patient self-efficacy and experiences of care, and HP activities. cache = ./cache/cord-259809-7glw6pir.txt txt = ./txt/cord-259809-7glw6pir.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-011818-z89m8dur author = Ki, Jison title = Association between Health Problems and Turnover Intention in Shift Work Nurses: Health Problem Clustering date = 2020-06-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5351 sentences = 280 flesch = 55 summary = Using multiple ordinal logistic regressions analysis, it was shown that sleep disturbance, depression, fatigue, a gastrointestinal disorder, and leg or foot discomfort as a single health problem significantly increased turnover intention. In this study, we used data collected from October 2018 to January 2019 (NRN T1, n = 204) and from March 2018 to May 2018 (ERN T1, n = 300) to analyze the association between health problems and turnover intention among shift work nurses. In this analysis, we defined shift work as a In this study, we used data collected from October 2018 to January 2019 (NRN T1, n = 204) and from March 2018 to May 2018 (ERN T1, n = 300) to analyze the association between health problems and turnover intention among shift work nurses. The SWNHT study questionnaire included questions regarding general and job-related characteristics, health-related variables (e.g., dietary habits, menstrual symptoms, exposure to blood and body fluid, sleep, fatigue, depression, physical activity, etc.), occupational stress, presenteeism, and turnover intention. cache = ./cache/cord-011818-z89m8dur.txt txt = ./txt/cord-011818-z89m8dur.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-268779-qbn3i2nq author = Alrasheed, Hend title = COVID-19 Spread in Saudi Arabia: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis date = 2020-10-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10876 sentences = 628 flesch = 53 summary = In this work, we propose a simulation model for the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Saudi Arabia using a network-based epidemic model. The proposed model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the control measures employed by the Saudi government, to predict the future dynamics of the disease in Saudi Arabia according to different scenarios, and to investigate multiple vaccination strategies. We aimed to match the model simulations with empirical data and then used the model to evaluate the effectiveness of the control measures employed by the Saudi government, to predict the future dynamics of the disease in Saudi Arabia according to different scenarios, and to predict the percentage of individuals that must be vaccinated to stop the outbreak (when a vaccine becomes available). Volz [35] modeled SIR dynamics on a static random network, which represents the population structure of susceptible and infected individuals and their contact patterns with an arbitrary degree distribution. cache = ./cache/cord-268779-qbn3i2nq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-268779-qbn3i2nq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-013401-yh8cu1hx author = Hitachi, Mami title = Improvement of Dietary Diversity and Attitude toward Recommended Feeding through Novel Community Based Nutritional Education Program in Coastal Kenya—An Intervention Study date = 2020-10-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3845 sentences = 191 flesch = 47 summary = Community-based nutritional intervention to improve the practice of dietary diversity and child nutrition by community health workers (CHWs) involving Nyumba Kumi as small neighborhood units (SNUs) in communities has not yet been explored. This study aimed to prove the hypothesis that community-based nutritional educational programs cooperating with CHWs and Nyumba Kumi might effectively change the attitudes of caregivers toward feeding practices and dietary diversity for their children. To assess the variable changes per treatment group at the pre-and post-intervention periods, the mean differences of household caregiver situation (DDS and attitude score) and child nutritional status (HAZ, WAZ, and WHZ) were tested using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for matched pairs. The results revealed that the interventions using CHWs and Nyumba Kumi (SNUs) were useful to improve dietary diversity and caregivers' attitudes toward recommended feeding; however, we could not identify the effect on child nutritional status in the short observation period of the study. cache = ./cache/cord-013401-yh8cu1hx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-013401-yh8cu1hx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-267874-k6tmu5gi author = Ramírez, Ivan J. title = COVID-19 Emergence and Social and Health Determinants in Colorado: A Rapid Spatial Analysis date = 2020-05-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5173 sentences = 256 flesch = 52 summary = Social and health determinants associated with higher COVID-19-related deaths were population density and asthma, indicative of urban areas, and poverty and unemployment, suggestive of rural areas. Using geographic information systems (GIS) and bivariate correlation analyses, this study investigated COVID-19 incidence and deaths from March 14, 2020 to April 8, 2020 at the county-level and the wider social, economic, and health context of emergence. Other indicators, although not as frequent suggest that COVID-19 incidence overlapped with higher rates of chronic conditions like asthma and diabetes, and also influenza, particularly in Denver, Morgan, and Weld counties. Social determinants such as poverty and unemployment, variables which have higher prevalence in rural areas in Colorado, were significantly and positively associated with COVID-19 case fatality rates. Some social and health determinant factors associated (not causal) with patterns of higher COVID-19-related death rates were population density and asthma hospitalization, suggestive of urban areas, and poverty and unemployment, suggestive of rural areas. cache = ./cache/cord-267874-k6tmu5gi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-267874-k6tmu5gi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-265937-f39md0vk author = Cachón-Zagalaz, Javier title = Use of the Smartphone and Self-Concept in University Students According to the Gender Variable date = 2020-06-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4136 sentences = 253 flesch = 63 summary = The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between self-concept and the use of the smartphone by university students in terms of gender. It should be noted that the two main constructs of this research (self-concept and the use of the smartphone) can influence each other, since one of the transcendental uses that young people give to the mobile phone is access to social networks in which they continually interact by publishing photographs with the intention of showing a lifestyle, real or imaginary. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between the self-concept of university students and the use they make of their mobile phones, also analyzing the gender variable. When analyzing the results obtained in the relationship between the dimensions of self-concept and the use of the smartphone, it is found that there are statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the academic and emotional self-concepts, with those subjects who have severe problems with the use of the mobile phone scoring in both dimensions lower. cache = ./cache/cord-265937-f39md0vk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-265937-f39md0vk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-011540-9jvoa8vr author = Suárez-Barraza, Manuel F. title = Kaizen–Kata, a Problem-Solving Approach to Public Service Health Care in Mexico. A Multiple-Case Study date = 2020-05-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7804 sentences = 343 flesch = 48 summary = Currently, SPSS is made up of two sectors [2] : (i) the public sector, which includes a variety of social security institutions such as the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), the Institute of Security and Social Services for State Workers (ISSSTE), Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX), the Ministry of Defense (SEDENA), the Ministry of the Navy (SEMAR) and other institutions and programs that • RQ2: What is the level of application of the different steps of Kaizen-Kata methodology in its implementation when solving operational problems? Based on the results of the implementation of Kaizen-Kata methodology in these three public hospitals, it can be stated that there was a successful application in health service processes in each of the cases studied. The answer to the first research question posed about how Kaizen-Kata methodology is applied in the resolution of operational problems in public hospitals in Mexico is based on the procedure carried out and the empirical data obtained in the case study of the three hospitals. cache = ./cache/cord-011540-9jvoa8vr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-011540-9jvoa8vr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-012022-r3xkpwte author = Keeble, Matthew title = Use of Online Food Delivery Services to Order Food Prepared Away-From-Home and Associated Sociodemographic Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional, Multi-Country Analysis date = 2020-07-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5820 sentences = 268 flesch = 49 summary = title: Use of Online Food Delivery Services to Order Food Prepared Away-From-Home and Associated Sociodemographic Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional, Multi-Country Analysis Odds of any online food delivery service use were lower per additional year of age (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.94, 0.95) and greater for respondents who were male (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.35, 1.66), that identified with an ethnic minority (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.38, 1.78), were highly educated (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.46, 1.90), or living with children (OR: 2.71; 95% CI: 2.44, 3.01). Overall, 15% of respondents across Australia, Canada, Mexico, the UK, and the USA reported online food delivery service use in the past 7 days, however, almost two thirds of respondents had purchased food prepared away-from-home directly from food outlets but had not used an online food delivery service. cache = ./cache/cord-012022-r3xkpwte.txt txt = ./txt/cord-012022-r3xkpwte.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-274778-wds40e6i author = Tejedor, Santiago title = Information on the COVID-19 Pandemic in Daily Newspapers’ Front Pages: Case Study of Spain and Italy date = 2020-08-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7822 sentences = 378 flesch = 52 summary = title: Information on the COVID-19 Pandemic in Daily Newspapers' Front Pages: Case Study of Spain and Italy The study analyzes 72 front pages of El País and El Mundo in Spain and Italy's Corriere della Sera and La Repubblica, collecting 710 news items and 3456 data evidences employing a mixed method (both qualitative and quantitative) based on content analysis and hemerographic analysis. Based on the trust placed on the printed media-as the most credible and rigorous media-this research analyzes a total of 72 front pages of the main daily newspapers in Spain and Italy (36 each) . The research, based on previous studies [33] , analyzes a total of 710 news items extracted from 72 front pages of the four main daily newspapers of Spain and Italy (36 per country). Nonetheless, while in Spain it occupies 62% of the front page; in Italy COVID-19 related pieces cover a striking 80% of the information (see Figure 9 ). cache = ./cache/cord-274778-wds40e6i.txt txt = ./txt/cord-274778-wds40e6i.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-283398-wplz8o2k author = Sanders, Chris title = “You Need ID to Get ID”: A Scoping Review of Personal Identification as a Barrier to and Facilitator of the Social Determinants of Health in North America date = 2020-06-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7709 sentences = 352 flesch = 47 summary = Through this scoping review, we seek to enter into this conversation regarding barriers to obtaining PID by highlighting the ways in which the problems posed by a lack of PID are particularly pronounced for people living in rural, northern, and remote access communities-people whom we already know experience poorer health outcomes than residents in metropolitan and suburban areas, and whom to date have been largely ignored in the scholarship [8] . In Canada, for instance, Indigenous people make up a significant proportion of the population in the rural and provincial north, and further clarity is needed on the unique PID problems facing this population, such as birth registration and the acquisition of birth certificates, as well as the difficulties of obtaining PID in areas with extremely limited access to state social and health services [6] . cache = ./cache/cord-283398-wplz8o2k.txt txt = ./txt/cord-283398-wplz8o2k.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-279864-5ouuu49v author = Hou, Jing title = Children’s Respiratory Infections in Tianjin Area, China: Associations with Home Environments and Lifestyles date = 2020-06-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4435 sentences = 259 flesch = 47 summary = title: Children's Respiratory Infections in Tianjin Area, China: Associations with Home Environments and Lifestyles We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Tianjin area, China to quantify the incidence of respiratory infections among children, and its association with home environments and lifestyles. Household activities and environmental exposure at home are suspected risk factors for respiratory infections among children, especially in low income countries [7] . Exposure to home indoor air pollutants such as ETS [18] and chemical sources [19] have also been reported to be associated with respiratory infections among children. Dampness, condensation on windowpanes, moldy/perceived dry air, modern decoration materials and less frequency of sun-curing bed sheets were the greatest risk factors for croup, pneumonia, ear infections and common colds. It was found that modern floor covering, perceived dry air (a proxy of indoor pollution), condensation on windowpanes (a proxy of poor ventilation), less sun-curing bedsheets and cesarean delivery are significantly associated with childhood infections. cache = ./cache/cord-279864-5ouuu49v.txt txt = ./txt/cord-279864-5ouuu49v.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-277077-kwaiorp8 author = Tița, Ovidiu title = Use of Yoghurt Enhanced with Volatile Plant Oils Encapsulated in Sodium Alginate to Increase the Human Body’s Immunity in the Present Fight Against Stress date = 2020-10-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8103 sentences = 433 flesch = 58 summary = The main purpose of this paper is to create a yoghurt with high antioxidant capacity, using only raw materials from Romania; (2) Methods: The bioactive components used to enrich the cow milk yoghurt were extracted as volatile oils out of four aromatic plants: basil, mint, lavender and fennel. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhy-drazyl (DPPH) method was used to determine the antioxidant activity; (3) Results: The results show that cow milk yoghurt enhanced with volatile oils of basil, lavender, mint and fennel, encapsulated in sodium alginate has an antioxidant and antimicrobial effect as a staple food with multiple effects in increasing the body's immunity. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of volatile fennel oil is offered by the high content of trans-anethole (63.30%), pinene (11.11%) and fenchone (8.32%) [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an aromatic plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is considered a rich source of essential oils. cache = ./cache/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-264811-xbeipob9 author = Choi, Yongin title = Assessment of Social Distancing for Controlling COVID-19 in Korea: An Age-Structured Modeling Approach date = 2020-10-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6319 sentences = 321 flesch = 58 summary = This study aims at assessing the impact of social distancing on the reduction of COVID-19 infected cases by constructing a mathematical model and using epidemiological data of incidences in Korea. An example of a scenario/policy-specific contact matrix of Seoul and Gyeonggi province-school closure with no social distancing, M C -is shown in Figure 3 ; a comparison with the equivalent version for Korea is provided in Figure S3 in Supplementary Section B. In the age-structured model developed in this study, we estimated the transmission rate by applying the contact matrix obtained from [25] to the actual incidence and population data for Seoul and Gyeonggi province. We estimated the transmission rate for each age group in seven distinct periods using the COVID-19 data and contact matrix for each age group and investigated the effect of social distancing on the control of the disease in the age-structured model under various scenarios. cache = ./cache/cord-264811-xbeipob9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-264811-xbeipob9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-277228-zk4arqw5 author = Suleiman, Aiman title = Preparedness of Frontline Doctors in Jordan Healthcare Facilities to COVID-19 Outbreak date = 2020-05-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3545 sentences = 189 flesch = 49 summary = The questionnaire was designed to evaluate preparedness according to knowledge about virus transmission and protective measures, adherence to protection guidelines, and psychological impacts affecting doctors. Doctors having institutional protocols for dealing with COVID-19 cases and those with sustained availability of PPE reported higher scores of preparedness (5.5 ± 2.3 and 6.2 ± 2.1 with p < 0.001, respectively). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the preparedness of frontline doctors to COVID-19 outbreak in Jordan and in the Middle East. Independent t-test was used to investigate for significant associations between self-reported preparedness score, knowledge score, and adherence score with gender, presence of institutional protocol for dealing with COVID-19 patients, availability of PPE, psychological interactions, institutional support, and previously dealing with COVID-19-positive or suspected patients. Institutional preparedness is reflected by making safety measures available for doctors and by providing clear protocols to deal with COVID-19 patients. cache = ./cache/cord-277228-zk4arqw5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-277228-zk4arqw5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-279116-auo80gaq author = Vallejo-Martín, Macarena title = Prejudice and Feeling of Threat towards Syrian Refugees: The Moderating Effects of Precarious Employment and Perceived Low Outgroup Morality date = 2020-09-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6402 sentences = 328 flesch = 50 summary = title: Prejudice and Feeling of Threat towards Syrian Refugees: The Moderating Effects of Precarious Employment and Perceived Low Outgroup Morality In this research study, using a Spanish sample, prejudice towards Syrian refugees is analyzed taking into account feeling of threat (realistic or symbolic), precarious employment, and perceived outgroup morality. Nevertheless, until now there have been no studies that have taken an analysis of outgroup threat in relation to prejudice towards refugees into account in the Spanish context, with this being an essential variable for the understanding of intergroup relations, formation of negative stereotypes towards outgroups [13] [14] [15] and as such, for mental health and psychological wellbeing. In this study, we seek to determine the role of outgroup threat in its two dimensions, realistic and symbolic, in the ethnic prejudice of the Spanish population towards Syrian refugees. cache = ./cache/cord-279116-auo80gaq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-279116-auo80gaq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-270948-qfsjtflv author = Klosterhalfen, Stephanie title = Waterpipe Use among Adolescents in Germany: Prevalence, Associated Consumer Characteristics, and Trends (German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents, KiGGS) date = 2020-10-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5542 sentences = 321 flesch = 60 summary = The German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) study and studies of the Federal Centre for Health Education (BZgA) such as the Drug Affinity Study have collected data on awareness about and use of WP, differentiated according to migration background, frequency of consumption, and combined consumption of tobacco cigarettes, WPs, e-products, and tobacco heaters [16, 30] . More specifically, based on data of the second wave of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS Wave 2), in the present study, we aimed to (i) investigate the prevalence of WP consumption among 11-to 17-year-old boys and girls; (ii) describe the frequency of WP use and the self-assessed smoking status; (iii) examine the associations between sociodemographic factors, smoking status and WP consumption among adolescents; and (iv) to monitor trends between the previous and the current wave of the KiGGS study. cache = ./cache/cord-270948-qfsjtflv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-270948-qfsjtflv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-258965-g47n531n author = Ekpenyong, Bernadine title = Assessment of Knowledge, Practice and Guidelines towards the Novel COVID-19 among Eye Care Practitioners in Nigeria–A Survey-Based Study date = 2020-07-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4732 sentences = 209 flesch = 46 summary = The aim of this study was to explore knowledge, practice of risk and guidelines of the novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) infection among the eye care practitioners and the potential associated factors. ECPs in Nigeria displayed good knowledge about COVID-19 and provided eye care services during the COVID-19 lockdown in Nigeria, despite the majority not receiving any training on the use of PPEs with concerns over attending to patients. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and practice of COVID-19 exposure risk among ECPs as well as understand their confidence in current Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH) guidelines for identifying possible COVID-19 cases, knowledge of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) recommendations and training in its usage when managing such cases. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on practitioners, their family members and practices, including questions on their confidence in the current FMoH guidelines for identifying possible COVID-19 cases, their knowledge of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) recommendations, and training in its usage during consultation were assessed. cache = ./cache/cord-258965-g47n531n.txt txt = ./txt/cord-258965-g47n531n.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-266239-l0ulr2ep author = Freeman, Shannon title = Intergenerational Effects on the Impacts of Technology Use in Later Life: Insights from an International, Multi-Site Study date = 2020-08-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6851 sentences = 363 flesch = 49 summary = Participants referenced younger family members as having introduced them to, and having taught them how to use, technologies such as digital devices, computers, and social networking sites. A particular gap in knowledge exists regarding the role of intergenerational elements in motivating older adults to learn how to use technology and associated ICTs. Across the globe, societies are aging rapidly due to increased life expectancy as a result of better health and social care, and lower birth rates [4] . The challenges to acquiring new technology skills and strategies for connecting with younger generations to overcome them suggest the importance of intergenerational influences on older adults' understanding and use of technology, which must be further explored. Our study revealed findings similar to those noted above but for multiple digital technologies, which suggests a more universal and generalizable use of technologies among older adults to increase intergenerational family social interactions as a "digital gathering place". cache = ./cache/cord-266239-l0ulr2ep.txt txt = ./txt/cord-266239-l0ulr2ep.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-267996-5l9shks8 author = Tysiąc-Miśta, Monika title = The Attitudes and Professional Approaches of Dental Practitioners during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Survey date = 2020-06-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6338 sentences = 330 flesch = 55 summary = variables, such as a lack of access to adequate, enhanced PPE; individuals' COVID-19 contraction risk assessments; self-reported feelings of anxiety regarding the disease; gender; the acknowledgement of national guidance on how to treat patients during the recent health care crisis; and other factors such as age, years of clinical experience, marital status, having children, place of residence, risk group for coronavirus infection due to comorbidities and, finally, dentists' acknowledgement of the professional recommendations launched by the PDA and PMH. We also investigated factors such as age, years of clinical practice (Table 5) , marital status, having children, place of residence, belonging to the risk group for coronavirus infection due to comorbidities, and dentists' opinions on the lasting impact of COVID-19 on dental procedures (Table 6 ) in relation to the decision to continue dental practice or not. cache = ./cache/cord-267996-5l9shks8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-267996-5l9shks8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-032625-u8qces3r author = Park, Se-Won title = Impacts of Thresholds of Gray Value for Cone-Beam Computed Tomography 3D Reconstruction on the Accuracy of Image Matching with Optical Scan date = 2020-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5118 sentences = 211 flesch = 46 summary = This study aimed to assess the accuracy of image registration of optical scans to 3D CBCT reconstructions created by different thresholds of grey values of segmentation in partial edentulous jaw conditions. The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of image registration of the optical scan to 3D CBCT reconstructions with different thresholds of grey values of segmentation in partial edentulous jaw conditions. The null hypothesis was that the threshold of the gray value of segmentation in CBCT and the number of residual teeth would not result in a different image registration accuracy between the optical scan and the CBCT 3D reconstruction model. Thus, based on the findings of this study, the proposed null hypothesis, the thresholds of gray value of segmentation in CBCT, and the number of residual teeth would not influence the accuracy of image registration of the optical scan to the CBCT data, was rejected. cache = ./cache/cord-032625-u8qces3r.txt txt = ./txt/cord-032625-u8qces3r.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-265786-nstd8xak author = Kimhi, Shaul title = A Renewed Outbreak of the COVID−19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study of Distress, Resilience, and Subjective Well-Being date = 2020-10-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5055 sentences = 245 flesch = 49 summary = Three groups of indicators were assessed: signs of distress (sense of danger, distress symptoms, and perceived threats), resilience (individual, community, and national), and subjective well-being (well-being, hope, and morale). Results indicated the following: (a) a significant increase in distress indicators, with effect sizes of sense of danger, distress symptoms, and perceived threats (Cohen's d 0.614, 0.120, and 0.248, respectively); (b) a significant decrease in resilience indicators, with effect sizes of individual, community, and national resilience (Cohen's d 0.153, 0.428, and 0.793, respectively); and (c) a significant decrease in subjective well-being indicators with effect sizes of well-being, hope, and morale (Cohen's d 0.116, 0.336, and 0.199, respectively). To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the levels of distress, resilience, and subjective well-being of the Israeli population, a longitudinal study was designed based on two repeated measurements. cache = ./cache/cord-265786-nstd8xak.txt txt = ./txt/cord-265786-nstd8xak.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-259149-svryhcgy author = Su, Yue title = Examining the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown in Wuhan and Lombardy: A Psycholinguistic Analysis on Weibo and Twitter date = 2020-06-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4770 sentences = 278 flesch = 56 summary = We achieved the aim by (1) sampling Weibo users (geo-location = Wuhan, China) and Twitter users (geo-location = Lombardy, Italy); (2) fetching all the users' published posts two weeks before and after the lockdown in each region (e.g., the lockdown date of Wuhan was 23 January 2020); (3) extracting the psycholinguistic features of these posts using the Simplified Chinese and Italian version of Language Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) dictionary; and (4) conducting Wilcoxon tests to examine the changes in the psycholinguistic characteristics of the posts before and after the lockdown in Wuhan and Lombardy, respectively. In this study, we used the simplified Chinese version of LIWC and Italian LIWC to measure people's psychological status before and after the lockdown in Wuhan and Lombardy, respectively. These linguistic features imply that social media users' psychological states were impacted after the COVID-19 lockdown, in both Wuhan and Lombardy. cache = ./cache/cord-259149-svryhcgy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-259149-svryhcgy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-258915-lgee3ers author = Liddle, Jennifer title = Connecting at Local Level: Exploring Opportunities for Future Design of Technology to Support Social Connections in Age-friendly Communities date = 2020-07-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12517 sentences = 531 flesch = 44 summary = In drawing together participants' ideas about spaces, processes and mechanisms that might address these local challenges, we conclude the paper with implications that offer scope for further exploration and consideration in terms of how technology might support the operationalisation of local people's ideas for improving face-to-face connections in age-friendly community settings. As described earlier, the interview data were coded to explore (a) opportunities to improve connections at a local level, i.e., factors that had the potential to impact negatively on people's geographically proximate social relationships in terms of quality, quantity or satisfaction; and (b) participants' engagement with technology in relation to their social lives generally. As described earlier, the interview data were coded to explore (a) opportunities to improve connections at a local level, i.e., factors that had the potential to impact negatively on people's geographically proximate social relationships in terms of quality, quantity or satisfaction; and (b) participants' engagement with technology in relation to their social lives generally. cache = ./cache/cord-258915-lgee3ers.txt txt = ./txt/cord-258915-lgee3ers.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-288184-fa1niz51 author = Kwon, Chan-Young title = Using Mind–Body Modalities via Telemedicine during the COVID-19 Crisis: Cases in the Republic of Korea date = 2020-06-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5693 sentences = 315 flesch = 53 summary = In this paper, the telemedicine manual is introduced to provide insights into the development of mental health interventions for COVID-19 and other large-scale disasters in the upcoming new-normal era. The center uses herbal medicine (mainly Qing-Fei-Pai-Du-Tang) with established protocols based on multidisciplinary expert discussions and empirical evidence [14] , and the center also used telemedicine in conjunction with mind-body modalities (including mindfulness meditation) to improve the mental health of COVID-19 patients in Korea. The center uses herbal medicine (mainly Qing-Fei-Pai-Du-Tang) with established protocols based on multidisciplinary expert discussions and empirical evidence [14] , and the center also used telemedicine in conjunction with mind-body modalities (including mindfulness meditation) to improve the mental health of COVID-19 patients in Korea. Throughout the manual, KM doctors categorized the potential psychological condition of individuals, and explained the symptoms that may happen in this stressful situation and guided potentially useful mind-body interventions. cache = ./cache/cord-288184-fa1niz51.txt txt = ./txt/cord-288184-fa1niz51.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-013420-0nmil3yt author = Tombat, Kabir title = Roma Health: An Overview of Communicable Diseases in Eastern and Central Europe date = 2020-10-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4634 sentences = 260 flesch = 60 summary = A PubMed search was carried out for communicable diseases among Roma in these parts of Europe, specifically in Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Serbia, Slovakia, the Czech Republic and North Macedonia. Roma continue to have a higher prevalence of communicable diseases and are at higher risk of infection than the majority populations of the countries they live in. In 2005, nine Central and Southern EU countries-Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro and Slovakia-along with several international organisations, launched the Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015, committing to allocate resources with the aim of integration and ending discrimination and poverty of Roma communities. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in the HepaMeta population in eastern Slovakia was 7.2 per cent among the Roma (n = 208) compared to 5.3 per cent among non-Roma (n = 132). Roma in Eastern and Central Europe continue to have a higher prevalence of communicable diseases than the majority populations of the countries they live in. cache = ./cache/cord-013420-0nmil3yt.txt txt = ./txt/cord-013420-0nmil3yt.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-285223-07o9irev author = Malik, Usman Rashid title = Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Healthcare Professionals on COVID-19 and Risk Assessment to Prevent the Epidemic Spread: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study from Punjab, Pakistan date = 2020-09-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4795 sentences = 237 flesch = 51 summary = title: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Healthcare Professionals on COVID-19 and Risk Assessment to Prevent the Epidemic Spread: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study from Punjab, Pakistan A 39-itemed questionnaire based on the World Health Organization (WHO)COVID-19 risk assessment tool was shared with healthcare professionals in three purposively selected key divisions of Punjab province. Avoiding cross-infection from patients along with effective care delivery can be achieved if the healthcare professionals, including physicians, pharmacists, nurses, and other medical staff, have sufficient knowledge, a positive attitude, and better practices about COVID-19. A recent study reported the deficiencies in the awareness and preparedness of medical professionals regarding COVID-19 in Pakistan and demonstrated that frontline health workers were not well-prepared to prevent and control the infection [14] . A cross-sectional study to examine the knowledge, attitude, practices, and risk assessment of HCPs regarding coronavirus and its associated disease (COVID-19) was conducted. cache = ./cache/cord-285223-07o9irev.txt txt = ./txt/cord-285223-07o9irev.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-255602-3pzh5ur9 author = Moscadelli, Andrea title = Fake News and Covid-19 in Italy: Results of a Quantitative Observational Study date = 2020-08-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4590 sentences = 213 flesch = 51 summary = We used the BuzzSumo application to gather the most shared links on the Internet related to the pandemic in Italy, using keywords chosen according to the most frequent "fake news" during that period. We used the BuzzSumo pplication [38] in order to gather the most shared links or posts on the Internet and social media related to SARS-CoV-2 and the Covid-19 pandemic. The 9 keywords were chosen in a consensus meeting of the research group, since they were the most likely to uncover health-related false information using the BuzzSumo search engine, and specifically fake news that would not meet our exclusion criteria. An article was immediately excluded when the content did not deal specifically with health or science, i.e., the focus may have been on the socioeconomic consequences of the pandemic, which was a topic we excluded from our fake news review. cache = ./cache/cord-255602-3pzh5ur9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-255602-3pzh5ur9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-274774-klystgj4 author = Huang, Naizhu title = How Incivility and Academic Stress Influence Psychological Health among College Students: The Moderating Role of Gratitude date = 2020-05-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4335 sentences = 265 flesch = 45 summary = title: How Incivility and Academic Stress Influence Psychological Health among College Students: The Moderating Role of Gratitude The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between incivility, academic stress, and psychological health, as well as investigate the moderating role of gratitude. Sample t-tests were used to examine whether there were gender differences in terms of four continuous variables: incivility, stress, gratitude, and psychological wellbeing. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to test convergent and discriminant validities of main variables (i.e., incivility, academic stress, gratitude, and psychological distress). Using a sample of 895 students recruited from a university in South China, we investigated the relationships between incivility, academic stress, gratitude, and psychological distress. Using a sample of 895 students recruited from a university in South China, we investigated the relationships between incivility, academic stress, gratitude, and psychological distress. Moreover, we compared differences between male and female students with respect to incivility, academic stress, gratitude, and psychological distress. cache = ./cache/cord-274774-klystgj4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-274774-klystgj4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-264798-s31gncge author = Lu, Tingting title = Exploring the Impacts of Living in a “Green” City on Individual BMI: A Study of Lingang New Town in Shanghai, China date = 2020-09-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7392 sentences = 361 flesch = 52 summary = This paper aims to examine residents' health benefits from moving to a brand-new green city-Lingang New Town (LNT)-in Shanghai, thereby providing existing discussions on the relationship between sustainable urban planning and health with a new perspective rooted in housing modes. This paper aims to examine residents' health benefits from moving to a brand-new green city-Lingang New Town (LNT)-in Shanghai, thereby providing existing discussions on the relationship between sustainable urban planning and health with a new perspective rooted in housing modes. We inspected residents' perceptions of green space in LNT in seven dimensions that were acknowledged as green space's key functions in the sustainable urban planning code: exercising, safety, accessibility, social interaction, commerce, public events, and environment quality. We inspected residents' perceptions of green space in LNT in seven dimensions that were acknowledged as green space's key functions in the sustainable urban planning code: exercising, safety, accessibility, social interaction, commerce, public events, and environment quality. cache = ./cache/cord-264798-s31gncge.txt txt = ./txt/cord-264798-s31gncge.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-270796-ixpt6jnr author = Khurshid, Zohaib title = Human Saliva: Non-Invasive Fluid for Detecting Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) date = 2020-03-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1440 sentences = 86 flesch = 54 summary = title: Human Saliva: Non-Invasive Fluid for Detecting Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Within a day, this condition spread to other provinces in China, and health authorities started immediate investigation to characterize and isolated the virus, which, by 7 January 2020, was named the Novel Coronavirus (nCoV) [1] . On 9 January 2020, WHO published guidelines for the detection of 2019-nCoV using respiratory materials (nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab in ambulatory patients and sputum (if produced) and endotracheal aspirate or bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with more severe respiratory disease) and serum for serological testing (https://www.who.int/publications-detail/laboratory-testing-for-2019novel-coronavirus-in-suspected-human-cases-20200117 accessed on 28 February 2020). On 12 February 2020, a breakthrough was reported regarding the accuracy of a human saliva sample from eleven COVID-19 patients in a Hong Kong hospital [13] . In this study, consistent detection of coronavirus was reported in the saliva of patients admitted from the first day of hospitalization. cache = ./cache/cord-270796-ixpt6jnr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-270796-ixpt6jnr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-283175-kh2rm2ir author = Roma, Paolo title = How to Improve Compliance with Protective Health Measures during the COVID-19 Outbreak: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model and Machine Learning Algorithms date = 2020-10-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7557 sentences = 335 flesch = 38 summary = Perceived efficacy has been studied in relation to a variety of general health measures, including engaging in physical activity, receiving vaccinations, and complying with medical treatment among psychiatric outpatients [11] [12] [13] ; the literature suggests that it is a key determinant for compliance with preventive health behaviors and that "only when a person feels that the recommended behavior is likely to lead to the desired outcome will adoption of the recommendations occur" ( [14] , p. In this vein, the present study sought to explore the relationship between civic engagement (specifically, civic attitudes), perceived efficacy, self-efficacy, and compliance with protective health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this vein, the present study sought to explore the relationship between civic engagement (specifically, civic attitudes), perceived efficacy, self-efficacy, and compliance with protective health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-283175-kh2rm2ir.txt txt = ./txt/cord-283175-kh2rm2ir.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-266257-hp11at50 author = Zhang, Yao title = Mental Health Problems during the COVID-19 Pandemics and the Mitigation Effects of Exercise: A Longitudinal Study of College Students in China date = 2020-05-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5413 sentences = 261 flesch = 47 summary = The focus of this longitudinal study is twofold: (1) To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 severity on Chinese college students' mental health and life status and explore the underlying mechanisms of this effect during the peak time of the COVID-19, from February 19 to March 20, 2020; and (2) to assess the mitigation effects of exercise on negative emotions and advance a suitable physical activity level as a psychological intervention strategy to improve mental health. The focus of this longitudinal study is twofold: (1) To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 severity on Chinese college students' mental health and life status and explore the underlying mechanisms of this effect during the peak time of the COVID-19, from February 19 to March 20, 2020; and (2) to assess the mitigation effects of exercise on negative emotions and advance a suitable physical activity level as a psychological intervention strategy to improve mental health. cache = ./cache/cord-266257-hp11at50.txt txt = ./txt/cord-266257-hp11at50.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-254471-4lomiv5d author = Kupcewicz, Ewa title = Role of Global Self-Esteem in Predicting Life Satisfaction of Nursing Students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia date = 2020-07-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5663 sentences = 265 flesch = 51 summary = Background: This study analyzed the role of global self-esteem and selected sociodemographic variables in predicting life satisfaction of nursing students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia. The results of research on global self-esteem and life satisfaction conducted in Poland, Spain and Slovakia indicate that global self-assessment is related to the subjective well-being of nursing students. Within a given country, no significant differences in the average results for global self-esteem or sense of satisfaction with life were noted in relation to selected sociodemographic characteristics such as age, gender and year of study. In the group of Slovak students, a statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.37; p < 0.0001) between global self-esteem and satisfaction with life was observed on an average level ( Figure 5 ). In the group of Slovak students, a statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.37; p < 0.0001) between global self-esteem and satisfaction with life was observed on an average level ( Figure 5 ). cache = ./cache/cord-254471-4lomiv5d.txt txt = ./txt/cord-254471-4lomiv5d.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-254633-7re0k0d1 author = Azarkamand, Sahar title = Review of Initiatives and Methodologies to Reduce CO(2) Emissions and Climate Change Effects in Ports date = 2020-05-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7936 sentences = 419 flesch = 53 summary = Given the importance of this topic, this paper gathers initiatives and methodologies that have been undertaken to calculate and reduce CO(2) emissions and climate change effects in ports. Most of the respondents of the Greenport survey (86%) considered that GHG emissions from shipping generated in the port area should be included as third-party emission in the carbon footprint calculation of the port. After that, the results of a research conducted on different existing methodologies to calculate CO 2 emissions in ports are presented, followed by an analysis of their strengths and opportunities for further development. Besides the studies in ports, research on the methods used to calculate CO 2 emissions and carbon footprint in port terminals has also been conducted. In this paper, initiatives to reduce the effects of climate change, carbon footprint and CO 2 emissions in ports have been studied to identify function and applicability. cache = ./cache/cord-254633-7re0k0d1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-254633-7re0k0d1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-285386-kvo544hh author = Wen, Ya title = The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy of Chinese Vocational College Students date = 2020-06-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7027 sentences = 355 flesch = 24 summary = Some studies have found that entrepreneurial passion has a mediating role in the relationship between self-efficacy and sustainability, indicating that emotion has an important value in entrepreneurship [67] ; based on the Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (FSQCA), some researchers conducted causal and effective decision tests on the structural effects of entrepreneurial passion, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and risk perception [68] . It is of positive value to study the emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial self-efficacy of vocational college students for the development of entrepreneurial education. This study explores the entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence of a sample of Chinese vocational college students. This study explores the entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence of a sample of Chinese vocational college students. First, our research showed that there is a positive correlation between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence reported by vocational college students. First, our research showed that there is a positive correlation between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence reported by vocational college students. cache = ./cache/cord-285386-kvo544hh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-285386-kvo544hh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-255119-l82o5fif author = Passerini, Giorgio title = A Preliminary Investigation on the Statistical Correlations between SARS-CoV-2 Spread and Local Meteorology date = 2020-06-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7607 sentences = 387 flesch = 52 summary = The statistical correlation between meteorological parameters and the spread of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) was investigated in five provinces of Italy selected according to the number of infected individuals and the different trends of infection in the early stages of the epidemic: Bergamo and Brescia showed some of the highest trends of infections while nearby Cremona and Mantova, showed lower trends. The Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) was calculated to evaluate possible relations between the moving means of the meteorological parameters (i.e., temperature, and relative humidity) and the moving mean of adjusted/unadjusted new daily cases. The most inclusive and impressive results are the values of PCC found for the time series related to the number of new daily infected individuals within the five selected Italian provinces, the daily mean temperatures as monitored at the related capitals, and the daily mean relative humidity values observed at the same stations. cache = ./cache/cord-255119-l82o5fif.txt txt = ./txt/cord-255119-l82o5fif.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-272497-ww9o1kjr author = Al-Anzi, Bader S. title = An Overview of the World Current and Future Assessment of Novel COVID-19 Trajectory, Impact, and Potential Preventive Strategies at Healthcare Settings date = 2020-09-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8892 sentences = 396 flesch = 58 summary = The current study aims to assess the trajectory of the recent pandemic due to the COVID-19 outbreak utilizing a new splitting methodology of the selected countries into two groups and developing regression-based and SIR-based statistical models and tools that depict the actual recorded data of COVID-19. Figure 1 was generated to show the recorded daily total infected cases of the world over a certain timeframe (22 January 2020 until present), which shows that the COVID-19 disease started to increase slowly until about 11 March and then accelerated at a faster speed afterwards. Figure 1 was generated to show the recorded daily total infected cases of the world over a certain timeframe (22 January 2020 until present), which shows that the COVID-19 disease started to increase slowly until about 11 March and then accelerated at a faster speed afterwards. cache = ./cache/cord-272497-ww9o1kjr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-272497-ww9o1kjr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-278870-pct184oa author = Finell, Eerika title = The Combined Effect of Perceived COVID-19 Infection Risk at Work and Identification with Work Community on Psychosocial Wellbeing among Finnish Social Sector and Health Care Workers date = 2020-10-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5017 sentences = 372 flesch = 63 summary = title: The Combined Effect of Perceived COVID-19 Infection Risk at Work and Identification with Work Community on Psychosocial Wellbeing among Finnish Social Sector and Health Care Workers We examined the combined effect of perceived risk associated with COVID-19 infection at work and work community identification on psychosocial well-being (i.e., frequency of stress symptoms) among health care and social sector workers in Finland (N = 1279). Thus, when occupational organizations consider protective strategies against stress that is related to COVID-19 infection risk at work among social sector and health care workers, promoting identification with their work community might be one key protective factor that can buffer this stress. This article analyses the combined effect of the perceived risk associated with COVID-19 infection at work with work community identification on psychosocial well-being (i.e., frequency of stress symptoms) among health care and social sector workers in Finland. cache = ./cache/cord-278870-pct184oa.txt txt = ./txt/cord-278870-pct184oa.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-285513-pkqos0s5 author = Stangvaltaite-Mouhat, Lina title = Dental Health Services Response to COVID-19 in Norway date = 2020-08-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5745 sentences = 264 flesch = 46 summary = Therefore, the aim of this case study was to investigate how urgent dental health care was managed in Norway, what additional infection prevention and control measures were employed by dental staff and to assess the dental staff perception of risk and workplace preparedness. Out of the dental staff working in clinics designated to treat patients suspected or confirmed to have COVID-19, up to 20% reported not to have available respirators FFP2 or FFP3 standard or equivalent, gowns and aprons in their workplace; there was a significant difference among the county incidence categories. Dental staff in public sector, OR 0.3 (CI 0.2; 0.5) and those working at clinics not designated to treat patients suspected or confirmed to have COVID-19, OR 0.6 (0.4; 0.9) were less positive to preparedness of their workplace regarding infection control equipment. In the present study, the majority of the dental staff working at the clinics designated to treat patients suspected or confirmed to have COVID-19, reported to follow local guidelines for additional infection prevention and control developed by county and university. cache = ./cache/cord-285513-pkqos0s5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-285513-pkqos0s5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-273565-0en2sl3q author = Scarano, Antonio title = Facial Skin Temperature and Discomfort When Wearing Protective Face Masks: Thermal Infrared Imaging Evaluation and Hands Moving the Mask date = 2020-06-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4215 sentences = 215 flesch = 48 summary = title: Facial Skin Temperature and Discomfort When Wearing Protective Face Masks: Thermal Infrared Imaging Evaluation and Hands Moving the Mask The aim of the present study was to compare the facial skin temperature and the heat flow when wearing medical surgical masks to the same factors when wearing N95 respirators. Infrared thermal evaluation was performed to measure the facial temperature of the perioral region and the perception ratings related to the humidity, heat, breathing difficulty, and discomfort were recorded. The study results suggest that N95 respirators are able to induce an increased facial skin temperature, greater discomfort and lower wearing adherence when compared to the medical surgical masks. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate facial skin temperature, discomfort and hands moving the mask when wearing surgical masks or N95 respirators, with thermal Infrared Imaging. cache = ./cache/cord-273565-0en2sl3q.txt txt = ./txt/cord-273565-0en2sl3q.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-271853-wexe9gq0 author = Lu, Quan title = Social Policy Responses to the Covid-19 Crisis in China in 2020 date = 2020-08-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8434 sentences = 338 flesch = 40 summary = The central government has played a proactive role by issuing a number of key policies in the field of social security, effectively relieving the anxiety of patients infected with Covid-19 and their families from the financial burden of medical treatment, and also fully mobilizing social resources to effectively support the resumption of work and production. Therefore, this article will specifically analyze how different types of current social security programs have responded to the outbreak and the outcome of the pandemic-related crisis and highlight the However, interventions through social protection policy and questions that must be reconsidered in relation to disease-related crises have been largely neglected in academic research. Effective medical security measures, mainly medical social insurance, were taken in a timely manner during the Covid-19 crisis in China, so that patients and their families are relieved from worrying about treatment costs, specifically: (1) Shortly after the outbreak, the state issued a policy to include drugs and medical services for the treatment of the new coronavirus as part of the payment range for the medical insurance fund. cache = ./cache/cord-271853-wexe9gq0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-271853-wexe9gq0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-284272-68ykes60 author = Suso-Ribera, Carlos title = How Much Support Is There for the Recommendations Made to the General Population during Confinement? A Study during the First Three Days of the COVID–19 Quarantine in Spain date = 2020-06-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5397 sentences = 233 flesch = 45 summary = Therefore, the goal of the present study is to investigate the emotional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to the extent to which a comprehensive set of socio-demographic, behavioral, and personality/cognitive correlate with well-being just at the beginning of the quarantine in Spain (first three days). Status during the Beginning of the Quarantine (First Three Days) and Comparison with Data from the General Population Before the Quarantine As indicated in Table 3 , participants in the present study reported more depressed mood (t = 5.79, p < 0.001, d = 0.30) and anger (t = 4.81, p < 0.001, d = 0.25), as well as less vigor (t = −12.49, p < 0.001, d = 0.69) and friendliness (t = −9.41, p < 0.001, d = 0.47) compared to data from the general population previous to the current COVID-19 crisis [17] . cache = ./cache/cord-284272-68ykes60.txt txt = ./txt/cord-284272-68ykes60.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-283514-7rjo9k4d author = Šagát, Peter title = Impact of COVID-19Quarantine on Low Back Pain Intensity, Prevalence, and Associated Risk Factors among Adult Citizens Residing in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia): A Cross-Sectional Study date = 2020-10-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6449 sentences = 318 flesch = 53 summary = title: Impact of COVID-19Quarantine on Low Back Pain Intensity, Prevalence, and Associated Risk Factors among Adult Citizens Residing in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia): A Cross-Sectional Study This study aimed to estimate the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) quarantine on low back pain (LBP) intensity, prevalence, and associated risk factors among adults in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). Furthermore, during the quarantine, a significantly higher LBP intensity was reported by those individuals who (a) were aged between 35 and 49 years old, (b) had a body mass index equal to or exceeding 30, (c) underwent higher levels of stress, (d) did not comply with the ergonomic recommendations, (e) were sitting for long periods, (f) did not practice enough physical activity (PA), and (g) underwent teleworking or distance learning. In this context, the present study's purpose was to estimate the effect of the mentioned quarantine on LBP intensity, prevalence, and risk factors among adult citizens residing in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). cache = ./cache/cord-283514-7rjo9k4d.txt txt = ./txt/cord-283514-7rjo9k4d.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-285526-xm9yj5ua author = Gill, Balvinder Singh title = Modelling the Effectiveness of Epidemic Control Measures in Preventing the Transmission of COVID-19 in Malaysia date = 2020-07-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4331 sentences = 223 flesch = 49 summary = We aim to present the first study in Malaysia to report the reproduction numbers and develop a mathematical model forecasting COVID-19 transmission by including isolation, quarantine, and movement control measures. Thus, the parameter ζ represents the effect of social distancing and the parameter κ reflects the proportion of the exposed people complying to practicing hand-hygiene, use of face masks, and any form of individual effective precautionary measures [24] , which depicts the model in simulating the control measures taken in preventing COVID-19 transmission in Malaysia. Despite the low (β) value in our study, it is vital that MCO measures be instituted to control the outbreak, as was observed with the exponential rise of cases during the second wave of COVID-19 in Malaysia due to the effect of a mass gathering event. This study recommends the implementation of MCO measures, which are effective in controlling the COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia, showing an observed reduction of peak active cases by 99.1%. cache = ./cache/cord-285526-xm9yj5ua.txt txt = ./txt/cord-285526-xm9yj5ua.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-283537-49ic7p3u author = Chong, Ka Chun title = Identifying Meteorological Drivers for the Seasonal Variations of Influenza Infections in a Subtropical City — Hong Kong date = 2015-01-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4624 sentences = 261 flesch = 43 summary = Here we identified potential meteorological factors that drove the seasonal variations in influenza infections in a subtropical city, Hong Kong. From the results, air temperature was a common significant driver of seasonal patterns and cold temperature was associated with an increase in transmission intensity for most of the influenza epidemics. In this study, meteorological determinants that could drive the seasonal variations of influenza in Hong Kong were investigated by a mathematical model. The weekly average of meteorological parameters: air temperature, relative humidity, total rainfall, total solar radiation, wind direction, and wind speed from 2002 to 2009 were collected from the Hong Kong Observatory. Through modulating the transmission rates by the meteorological factors in an infectious disease model, the seasonal variations of influenza infections could be well-depicted. This study identified the potential meteorological drivers for the seasonal variations of influenza in a subtropical city, Hong Kong. cache = ./cache/cord-283537-49ic7p3u.txt txt = ./txt/cord-283537-49ic7p3u.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-281961-5mdiwzvc author = de las Heras-Pedrosa, Carlos title = Sentiment Analysis and Emotion Understanding during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain and Its Impact on Digital Ecosystems date = 2020-07-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7479 sentences = 374 flesch = 49 summary = This study examines how social media has affected risk communication in uncertain contexts and its impact on the emotions and sentiments derived from the semantic analysis in Spanish society during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study has allowed for the Some reasons include political parties' criticism of the government's management, contradictions of the experts, the constant increase of infected and dead, Spain being among the most affected countries, the state of confinement suffered by society not always in the best conditions, the anxiety of not having financial resources, the population's insecurity in the face of a public health crisis with global effects that are caused by millions of infected people and hundreds of thousands of deaths in the world. cache = ./cache/cord-281961-5mdiwzvc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-281961-5mdiwzvc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-267034-s3hf4bo5 author = Palladino, Raffaele title = Excess Deaths and Hospital Admissions for COVID-19 Due to a Late Implementation of the Lockdown in Italy date = 2020-08-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2428 sentences = 120 flesch = 53 summary = Second, we evaluated the effect of an early lockdown on the trend of new cases, creating a counterfactual scenario where the intervention was implemented one week in advance. For this reason, we estimated the number of deaths and hospital admissions for COVID-19 that would have occurred if the lockdown had been implemented one week earlier than it was actually enforced. In the present analysis we used data on the daily number of COVID-19 cases, hospitalized patients, and deaths recorded in Italy from February 24th, the first day national data were made available, to May 3rd, the last day of implementation of the national lockdown. The late implementation of the lockdown in Italy was responsible for a substantial proportion of hospital admissions and deaths associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The late implementation of the lockdown in Italy was responsible for a substantial proportion of hospital admissions and deaths associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-267034-s3hf4bo5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-267034-s3hf4bo5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-264629-kuknvemy author = Sáez, Gemma title = The Effect of Prescription Drugs and Alcohol Consumption on Intimate Partner Violence Victim Blaming date = 2020-07-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7324 sentences = 354 flesch = 45 summary = Our findings indicate that alcohol consumption, but not prescription drugs use, plays a relevant role in the attribution of blame by general population and self-blame by victims of IPV. The current study aims to explore the effect of prescription drugs and alcohol use on intimate partner violence victim blaming. Therefore, a correlational study was carried out among victims of intimate partner violence to evaluate whether alcohol and psychotropic drug consumption are positively related to self-blaming. Secondly, and focusing on intimate partner violence victims, we evaluated whether the reported consumption of alcohol and prescription drugs would be related to self-blame and self-blaming cognitions. With this goal in mind, the second study using a specific sample of IPV victims aimed to explore the effect that alcohol and prescription drugs have on self-blaming attribution for the violence they had experienced. cache = ./cache/cord-264629-kuknvemy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-264629-kuknvemy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-287426-tzqke3ci author = Herrero, Rocío title = Working Alliance Inventory for Online Interventions-Short Form (WAI-TECH-SF): The Role of the Therapeutic Alliance between Patient and Online Program in Therapeutic Outcomes date = 2020-08-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6073 sentences = 283 flesch = 50 summary = Hence, the aims of this study were: (1) to analyse the psychometric structure of the WAI-TECH-SF, a questionnaire designed to assess the TA between the patient and the online program in a self-guided IBI; (2) to explore whether there are differences in WAI-TECH-SF scores based on sex, age-range, level of education, initial severity of depression, preference for any of the treatments offered, and expectations about and credibility of the treatment; and (3) to explore whether higher WAI-TECH-SF scores predict the therapeutic outcomes (i.e., change in depressive symptom scores) and satisfaction with the treatment. The objectives of this study were: (1) to explore the psychometric structure of a questionnaire (i.e., the WAI-TECH-SF) designed to assess the TA with an online program in a self-guided IBI and CBT program in a sample of depressive patients in the context of the National Health Systems of different European countries; (2) to analyse whether there were differences in the WAI-TECH-SF scores based on several socio-demographic variables, initial symptoms of depression, preference for any of the treatments offered, and expectations and credibility towards the treatment; and (3) to study the capacity of the WAI-TECH-SF scores to predict the therapeutic outcomes (i.e., changes in depressive symptoms) and satisfaction with the treatment. cache = ./cache/cord-287426-tzqke3ci.txt txt = ./txt/cord-287426-tzqke3ci.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-277558-w2srv5em author = Babuna, Pius title = The Impact of COVID-19 on the Insurance Industry date = 2020-08-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1058 sentences = 81 flesch = 51 summary = This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the insurance industry by studying the case of Ghana from March to June 2020. Due to the cancellation of travels, events and other economic losses, the Ghanaian insurance industry witnessed a loss currently estimated at GH Ȼ112 million. Abstract: This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the insurance industry by studying the case of Ghana from March to June 2020. Due to the cancellation of travels, events and other economic losses, the Ghanaian insurance industry witnessed a loss currently estimated at GH Novel origin of the 1918 pandemic influenza virus nucleoprotein gene segment Novel swine-origin influenza virus A (H1N1): The first pandemic of the 21st century The Ebola epidemic: A global health emergency Newly discovered ebola virus associated with hemorrhagic fever outbreak in Uganda Assessing the Impact of a Pandemic on the Life Insurance Industry in South Africa cache = ./cache/cord-277558-w2srv5em.txt txt = ./txt/cord-277558-w2srv5em.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-283771-hh4p7cg3 author = Ku-Yuan, Lee title = How to Reduce the Latent Social Risk of Disease: The Determinants of Vaccination against Rabies in Taiwan date = 2014-06-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6429 sentences = 346 flesch = 45 summary = [10] argued that knowledge, especially objective knowledge, would affect attitude and enhance self-efficacy (perceived behavioral control, PBC), but they did not test the correlation between subjective knowledge and TPB. In other words, this study hypothesizes that favorable attitudes, high subjective norms, and good perceived behavioral control enhance the behavioral intention of rabies vaccination. Four sections evaluated attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention as to whether owners would take their dogs to receive the rabies vaccine injection. For this study, we used SEM to verify whether TPB can explain the intention of people to have their dogs vaccinated and whether knowledge of rabies can positively affect people's attitude and perceived behavioral control. Therefore, people who had a more positive attitude, stronger subjective norms, and more perceptive behavioral control would have stronger behavioral intention to take their dogs for vaccination against rabies. cache = ./cache/cord-283771-hh4p7cg3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-283771-hh4p7cg3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-275711-ejw3ausf author = Mon-López, Daniel title = The Impact of Covid-19 and the Effect of Psychological Factors on Training Conditions of Handball Players date = 2020-09-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5819 sentences = 291 flesch = 48 summary = This study is one of the first to analyse the impact of the isolation period caused by COVID-19 on the training (intensity and volume) and recovery conditions (quantity and quality of sleep) of professional and non-professional handball players according to the influence of transitory psychological factors (moods) and personality trait (emotional intelligence and resilience). Based on the results yielded: (i) training and recovery conditions of the handball players were modified during the isolation period, reducing the intensity-RPE (in the whole sample), volume-Tdays and Thours (especially in professional female handball players) and sleep quality-Squality (especially in professional male handball players) and increasing sleep hours-Shours (especially in non-professional female players); and (ii) the psychological factors analysed (mood, emotional intelligence, and resilience) had an impact on training and recovery conditions, except for sleep quantity, during the Covid-19 lockdown. cache = ./cache/cord-275711-ejw3ausf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-275711-ejw3ausf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-272406-h22atwd4 author = Diotaiuti, Pierluigi title = The Principal at Risk: Stress and Organizing Mindfulness in the School Context date = 2020-08-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6294 sentences = 305 flesch = 47 summary = Methods: This study was voluntarily attended by 419 Italian school principals who were administered the Psychological Stress Measurement (MSP), Mindfulness Organizing Scale (MOS), Polychronic-Monochronic Tendency Scale (PMTS), and the Scale of Emotions at Work (SEW). The effect of depressive anxiety on perceived discomfort (ß = 0.517) found a protective mediator in the mindfulness component that recognizes the sharing as a fundamental operational tool (ß = −0.206), while an increasing sense of effort and confusion could significantly amplify the experience of psychological discomfort associated with the exercise of school leadership (ß = 0.254). The first analyses of our study have indicated that the general perception of the principal's working discomfort presents on the one hand an association with the level of stress, which contributes to increase the value of the discomfort, and on the other hand an equally significant association with organizing Mindfulness, which can substantially limit the negative effects of stress on perceived discomfort. cache = ./cache/cord-272406-h22atwd4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-272406-h22atwd4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-271736-29oavyc4 author = Madden, Rosamond H. title = Disability-Related Questions for Administrative Datasets date = 2020-07-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8075 sentences = 389 flesch = 46 summary = To identify key concepts for inclusion in disability-related questions, we examined 10 instruments of potential significance and relevance to disability data collection and measurement in the NSW public sector with reference to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) [12] . The key concepts and terms identified in Stage 1 were used in different combinations, to draft five D questions (designed to identify employees with disability) and five E questions (designed to identify environmental factors that can facilitate, or act as barriers to, full and effective workplace participation); these questions were tested in focus groups with NSW public sector employees (Supplementary S1). The use of the word "disability" in the questions appears to exclude some people from responding, e.g., those with functioning difficulties arising from long term health conditions; this is the balance of evidence from the online survey statistics, text responses, and focus group results. cache = ./cache/cord-271736-29oavyc4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-271736-29oavyc4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-287196-re4sosff author = Shahzad, Fakhar title = Perceived Threat of COVID-19 Contagion and Frontline Paramedics’ Agonistic Behaviour: Employing a Stressor–Strain–Outcome Perspective date = 2020-07-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8747 sentences = 505 flesch = 46 summary = The results found that the perceived threat of COVID-19 contagion (emotional and cognitive threat) was positively correlated with physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion, which led toward agonistic behaviour. Further, perceived social support was a key moderator that negatively affected the relationships between agonistic behaviour and physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion. Therefore, our study also examined the moderating role of PSS on the association between selected strain factors (physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion) and the agonistic behaviour of frontline paramedics. Moreover, the sequential process of the SSO model has been used to test the theoretical avowals made in this study, which includes how perceived threat of COVID-19 affect the agonistic behaviour of frontline paramedics by creating physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion. Our study concludes that the effect of perceived COVID-19 threat on predicting greater levels of physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion among frontline healthcare paramedics may contribute to their agonistic behaviour. cache = ./cache/cord-287196-re4sosff.txt txt = ./txt/cord-287196-re4sosff.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-291916-5yqc3zcx author = Hozhabri, Hossein title = The Global Emergency of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): An Update of the Current Status and Forecasting date = 2020-08-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16737 sentences = 847 flesch = 45 summary = cache = ./cache/cord-291916-5yqc3zcx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-291916-5yqc3zcx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-262927-mehijkzo author = Guo, Shuaijun title = Moving Health Literacy Research and Practice towards a Vision of Equity, Precision and Transparency date = 2020-10-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5950 sentences = 319 flesch = 44 summary = This includes using a life-course approach, integrating the rationale of precision public health, applying open science practice, and promoting actionable knowledge translation strategies. This includes using a life-course approach to health literacy [58] , integrating the rationale of precision public health [59] , applying open science practice [60] , and promoting actionable knowledge translation strategies [61] . Based on these new paradigms, we expect a nuanced understanding of how health literacy develops over the life-course, how it influences health behaviour and decision-making, and thus how it informs specific interventional opportunities-especially in the early life stages across educational and healthcare settings-for a precise policy recommendation. We also highlight the importance of applying open science and considering knowledge translation strategies from the beginning of research planning to generate or replicate policy-relevant findings rapidly and cost-effectively across different cultural contexts, and thus facilitate the process of knowledge dissemination. cache = ./cache/cord-262927-mehijkzo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-262927-mehijkzo.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-289378-ghmqd3yv author = Wang, Peng-Wei title = Subjective Deterioration of Physical and Psychological Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Their Association with the Adoption of Protective Behaviors and Mental Health Problems date = 2020-09-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6477 sentences = 301 flesch = 39 summary = We determined the subjective physical and psychological health states, cognitive and affective construct of health belief, perceived social support, mental health problems, adoption of protective behavior and demographic characteristics among 1954 respondents (1305 women and 649 men; mean age: 37.9 years with standard deviation 10.8 years). The association between the deterioration of physical and psychological health and adoption of protective behaviors against COVID-19 (avoiding crowded places, washing hands, and wearing a mask) and mental health problems (general anxiety, sleep problems, and suicidal ideation) was examined using multivariate logistic regression after controlling for the effects of gender, age, and educational level. Table 2 presents the results of the univariate logistic regression model examining the associations between demographic characteristics, cognitive and affective constructs of health beliefs related to COVID-19, perceived social support, and the subjective deterioration of physical and psychological health. cache = ./cache/cord-289378-ghmqd3yv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-289378-ghmqd3yv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-288409-idq780jb author = Alsahafi, Abdullah J. title = Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours of Healthcare Workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to MERS Coronavirus and Other Emerging Infectious Diseases date = 2016-12-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2618 sentences = 124 flesch = 50 summary = title: Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours of Healthcare Workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to MERS Coronavirus and Other Emerging Infectious Diseases Objectives: The aim of this survey was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, infection control practices and educational needs of HCWs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to MERS coronavirus and other emerging infectious diseases. The majority of respondents believed that patients with MERS-CoV and other emerging infectious diseases should be managed in specialised centres, but a significant proportion also agreed that general hospitals also had a role in managing such patients. A high proportion of respondents agreed that emergency department overcrowding, poor hand hygiene and mask use contributed to the risk of HCW being infected with MERS-CoV. This study also showed significant proportion with personal experience of MERS-CoV either as HCW at institutions caring for cases or being investigated for possible infection following contact with cases [10] . cache = ./cache/cord-288409-idq780jb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-288409-idq780jb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-292409-hz5qj1fw author = Viterbo, Lilian Monteiro Ferrari title = Workers’ Healthcare Assistance Model (WHAM): Development, Validation, and Assessment of Sustainable Return on Investment (S-ROI) date = 2020-04-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7296 sentences = 350 flesch = 41 summary = In this context, it is necessary to discuss a model of assistance in occupational health that is capable of reviewing the central characteristics of the biomedical healthcare assistance model, including: (i) organization of practices focused on the identification of signs and symptoms and the treatment of diseases, with health promotion not being a priority; (ii) assistance is organized based on individual spontaneous demand, with an emphasis on specialization and the use of hard technologies; (iii) the work is developed in a fragmented, hierarchical manner and with inequality across different professional categories; (iv) difficulty in implementing the integrated care due to the lack of understanding of the individual as a multidimensional human being, as well as the lack of communication and integration between the services involved; (v) health planning is seldom used as a management tool; (vi) the training of health professionals is specialized, based on the hegemony of scientific knowledge; and (vii) themes such as interdisciplinary, people-centered care, attachment, and welcoming are not prioritized. cache = ./cache/cord-292409-hz5qj1fw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-292409-hz5qj1fw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-289451-yjrh5l4u author = Xiao, Huidi title = Social Distancing among Medical Students during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease Pandemic in China: Disease Awareness, Anxiety Disorder, Depression, and Behavioral Activities date = 2020-07-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4715 sentences = 228 flesch = 50 summary = title: Social Distancing among Medical Students during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease Pandemic in China: Disease Awareness, Anxiety Disorder, Depression, and Behavioral Activities We enrolled medical students studying public health in Beijing and Wuhan to assess their COVID-19 awareness and to evaluate their mental health status/behaviors using a self-administered questionnaire. A 2020 COVID-19 survey in China found that many respondents (including students) reported symptoms of moderate to severe anxiety and depression [8] . We studied the associations between COVID-19 distancing and the lives of public health students on anxiety [14] , depression, and other behaviors. We also examined the differences among public health students in two universities, Capital Medical University (CCMU) in Beijing, and Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) in Wuhan, the early epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among the medical students in two schools of public health at two universities: CCMU in Beijing and HUST in Wuhan. cache = ./cache/cord-289451-yjrh5l4u.txt txt = ./txt/cord-289451-yjrh5l4u.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-292173-95t89yee author = Villani, Federico Alcide title = COVID-19 and Dentistry: Prevention in Dental Practice, a Literature Review date = 2020-06-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4583 sentences = 260 flesch = 49 summary = Several authors have highlighted the importance of telephone triage and/or clinic questionnaires, body temperature measurement, usage of personal protective equipment, surface disinfection with ethanol between 62% and 71%, high-speed instruments equipped with an anti-retraction system, four-handed work, and large-volume cannulas for aspiration. The aim of this narrative review is to investigate preventive measures in dental practice by assessing the operator and patient health protection during the new COVID-19 emergency by considering past experiences in terms of prevention, as the virus was only recently discovered. In addition, a second search was made: "masks" OR "disinfectants" OR "PPE" OR "dental equipment" AND "Covid-19" OR "coronavirus" OR "SARS-CoV-2". instead obtained diametrically opposing results; they showed, through a randomized controlled clinical study on 3591 subjects, that health workers who used N95 masks continuously during the shift or in situations considered to be at high risk, presented an 85% chance of not contracting a viral infection transmitted via droplets [36] . cache = ./cache/cord-292173-95t89yee.txt txt = ./txt/cord-292173-95t89yee.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-288392-khjo6j8u author = Davern, Melanie title = How Can the Lived Environment Support Healthy Ageing? A Spatial Indicators Framework for the Assessment of Age-Friendly Communities date = 2020-10-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8980 sentences = 406 flesch = 37 summary = This paper provides a quantifiable spatial indicators framework to assess local lived environments according to each Age-Friendly Cities and Communities (AFC) domain. The spatial measures used to assess this included: walkability (with and without footpaths); access to public open space; access to public transport; housing affordability; housing diversity; government owned dwellings (social housing); access to services for older people; libraries; universities of the 3rd Age; places of worship; volunteering; households with internet access; aged care facilities; and access to General Practitioners. Objective spatial measures of the lived environment are critical for the following reasons: to simplify assessments of AFC; to provide a foundation level of knowledge about the age-friendliness of an environment; to assist local and state government planning by informing and monitoring future actions and interventions needed to promote healthy ageing in communities; and to include older people into targets of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and the New Urban Agenda. cache = ./cache/cord-288392-khjo6j8u.txt txt = ./txt/cord-288392-khjo6j8u.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-293117-hkkbqorv author = Hernández-García, Ignacio title = Characteristics of YouTube Videos in Spanish on How to Prevent COVID-19 date = 2020-06-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4093 sentences = 203 flesch = 50 summary = We studied the associations between the type of authorship and the country of publication with other variables (such as the number of likes and basic measures to prevent COVID-19 according to the World Health Organization, among others) with univariate analysis and a multiple logistic regression model. The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the YouTube videos that provide information in Spanish on the basic measures for preventing COVID-19. In particular, videos produced by health professionals showed, compared to those made by the mass media, a higher probability of reporting on washing hands frequently, respiratory hygiene, and avoiding touching the face as measures to prevent COVID-19 (Table 2) . This study is the first to evaluate the characteristics of YouTube videos that provide information specifically in Spanish on the basic measures indicated by the WHO to prevent the transmission of COVID-19. cache = ./cache/cord-293117-hkkbqorv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-293117-hkkbqorv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-291535-91j1lleq author = Jose, Thulasee title = Improved Documentation of Electronic Cigarette Use in an Electronic Health Record date = 2020-08-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3445 sentences = 161 flesch = 47 summary = This report outlines how the ambulatory clinical practices of a large U.S. hospital system optimized its electronic health records (EHR) framework to better record e-cigarettes used by patients. During a 30-week evaluation period post-implementation, 638,804 patients (12 yrs and older) completed ambulatory appointments within the health system; of these, the new section contained e-cigarette use information for 37,906 (6%) patients. The evidence suggests that many clinicians record e-cigarette information within the "tobacco use" section of the EHR, along with multiple combustible tobacco products (cigarettes, cigars, pipes, etc.), or as free-text entries as a part of their clinical notes [11, 12] . Analysis: The utilization rate of the new section in EHR was assessed by a report of the total number of responses recorded for the selected variables (i.e., e-cigarette use, types of devices, and counseling status) during the evaluation period. cache = ./cache/cord-291535-91j1lleq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-291535-91j1lleq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-295543-nj4a640t author = Castañeda-Babarro, Arkaitz title = Physical Activity Change during COVID-19 Confinement date = 2020-09-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3600 sentences = 190 flesch = 53 summary = Conclusion: The Spanish adult population, especially young people, students and very active men, decreased daily self-reported PA and increased ST during COVID-19 confinement. While the disease spreads around the world, healthy people are being requested to stay at home for prolonged periods of time and, as a consequence, COVID-19 has radically modified the determining factors (individual, interpersonal, environmental, regional or national policies and global) [11] of both types of behavior Thus, due to isolation and limitations in engaging in regular and common activities, fulfilling PA recommendations and reducing sedentary behavior during lockdown may pose a significant challenge, especially during the first weeks when the population has limited chances to find alternatives to ensure they remain active even at home. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze self-reported PA and sedentary behavior before and during lockdown caused by COVID-19 in a Spanish healthy adult population. cache = ./cache/cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt txt = ./txt/cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-296312-nh4poc71 author = Kowitt, Sarah D. title = Tobacco Quit Intentions and Behaviors among Cigar Smokers in the United States in Response to COVID-19 date = 2020-07-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4860 sentences = 243 flesch = 55 summary = Black or African American participants, participants who reported using a quitline, and participants with higher COVID-19 risk perceptions had higher intentions to quit using tobacco due to COVID-19, and higher odds of making a quit attempt since COVID-19 started. Due to the potential negative health outcomes associated with COVID-19, it is possible that many tobacco users feel more vulnerable to its health effects and are trying to quit using tobacco-which aligns with both previous research and theory on risk perception [12, 13] . We first examined bivariate associations with our two outcomes (quit intentions and quit attempts) and all correlates of interest-participant characteristics, tobacco use variables, and other COVID-19 variables. Specifically, quit intentions and odds of making a quit attempt were higher in people who reported decreasing their tobacco use and people with higher COVID-19 risk perceptions, which is in line with what is often called the "vulnerability hypothesis". cache = ./cache/cord-296312-nh4poc71.txt txt = ./txt/cord-296312-nh4poc71.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-304780-lbq70q11 author = Han, Changwoo title = Decrease in Ambient Fine Particulate Matter during COVID-19 Crisis and Corresponding Health Benefits in Seoul, Korea date = 2020-07-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5548 sentences = 232 flesch = 50 summary = The aim of this study was to use currently available data to estimate the acute health benefits of PM 2.5 reduction and changes in public behavior, which were changes experienced by Korean citizens in their daily lives during the COVID-19 crisis. With the conservative estimation of a 4.1 µg/m 3 decrease in PM 2.5 and RRs from the MCC study, we found that 37.6 (95% CI: 32.6, 42.5) non-accidental; 7.0 (95% CI: 5.7, 8.4) cardiovascular; and 4.7 (95% CI: 3.4, 6.1) respiratory mortalities were avoided because of the reduction in PM 2.5 from January to April in 2020 compared to those of the previous 4 years. Because using a particulate-filtrating respirator may decrease the absolute level of PM 2.5 exposure for an individual, the health benefit related to air pollution during the COVID-19 crisis may be larger than our current estimation of 37 persons. cache = ./cache/cord-304780-lbq70q11.txt txt = ./txt/cord-304780-lbq70q11.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-297618-9ka3y2y1 author = Chau, Pui Hing title = Construction of the Infection Curve of Local Cases of COVID-19 in Hong Kong using Back-Projection date = 2020-09-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3717 sentences = 177 flesch = 54 summary = The current study constructed an epidemic curve based on the date of infection estimated by the back-projection method to minimize the effects of the incubation time and reflect the possible impacts of various measures and events better. Our objective was to estimate the infection curve of the local cases of the first two waves of COVID-19 in Hong Kong using the back-projection method and explore the effectiveness of the preventive measures, including the possible impacts of the pre-implementation announcements by the local government. From 25 to 29 January 2020, numerous policies were announced and implemented, including activation of the Emergency Response Level, cancellation of large-scale events, quarantine of close contacts of confirmed cases, health advice to residents returning from the Hubei province and other parts of China, suspension of non-emergent government services, closure of public facilities, home office arrangement for civil servants, and substantial reduction of traffic between Mainland China and Hong Kong. cache = ./cache/cord-297618-9ka3y2y1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-297618-9ka3y2y1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-288394-h9hozu9j author = Kheirallah, Khalid A. title = The Effect of Strict State Measures on the Epidemiologic Curve of COVID-19 Infection in the Context of a Developing Country: A Simulation from Jordan date = 2020-09-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4934 sentences = 241 flesch = 48 summary = The simulation model estimated the highest number of total daily new COVID-19 cases, in the pre-symptomatic compartmental state, to be 65 cases, with an epidemic curve growing to its peak in 49 days and terminating in a duration of 83 days, and a total simulated cumulative case count of 1048 cases. The simulated epidemic curves for COVID-19 provided evidence that Jordan may have successfully implemented NPI measures that facilitated suppressing (containing) the spread of the epidemic by reducing the number of daily new reported cases and the total duration of the epidemic. The simulated epidemic curves for COVID-19 provided evidence that Jordan may have successfully implemented NPI measures that facilitated suppressing (containing) the spread of the epidemic by reducing the number of daily new reported cases and the total duration of the epidemic. cache = ./cache/cord-288394-h9hozu9j.txt txt = ./txt/cord-288394-h9hozu9j.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-299521-igo40dbs author = Sweida, Gloria title = Does Happiness Launch More Businesses? Affect, Gender, and Entrepreneurial Intention date = 2020-09-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6839 sentences = 401 flesch = 46 summary = In one of the first studies to examine how positive affect, negative affect, gender, and gender roles interact with entrepreneurial intention, we conducted an online survey of 849 adults from the western, midwestern, and southern regions of the United States. The main reasons cited for differences between men and women's EINT are (1) perceptions that the characteristics necessary for successful entrepreneurship are stereotypically male, (2) lack of training for women, (3) unfavorable economic and social environments for women, (4) lack of education for women, and (5) a lack of entrepreneurial self-efficacy among women [48, 49] . The data used for this paper were part of a larger study that utilized an internet-based survey and examined multiple constructs including EINT, acceptance of traditional gender roles, career choice, entrepreneurial industry interest, positive and negative affect, marketing strategies, and kidpreneur activities. The present study explored positive and negative affect, EINT, gender, and acceptance of traditional gender roles. cache = ./cache/cord-299521-igo40dbs.txt txt = ./txt/cord-299521-igo40dbs.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-296669-1md8j11e author = Li, Xin title = Factors Associated with Mental Health Results among Workers with Income Losses Exposed to COVID-19 in China date = 2020-08-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3789 sentences = 192 flesch = 56 summary = The degrees of the depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress symptoms of our participants were assessed using the Chinese versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), the Insomnia Severity Index-7 (ISI-7), and the revised 7-item Impact of Event Scale (IES-7) scales, respectively, which found that the prevalence rates of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress caused by COVID-19 were 45.5%, 49.5%, 30.9%, and 68.1%, respectively. Mental disorders, including depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress, caused by COVID-19 were assessed in our study by Chinese versions of validated measurement tools [24] [25] [26] [27] : the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9; the total score ranged from 0 to 27) [24] , the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7; the total score ranged from 0 to 21) [25] , the Insomnia Severity Index-7 (ISI-7; the total score ranged from 0 to 28) [26] , and the revised 7-item Impact of Event Scale (IES-7; the total score ranged from 0 to 28) [27] . cache = ./cache/cord-296669-1md8j11e.txt txt = ./txt/cord-296669-1md8j11e.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-303203-1kpw4ru0 author = Guo, Jing title = Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and Negative Impact on Livelihood Predict Elevated Mental Health Problems in Chinese Adults date = 2020-05-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4486 sentences = 215 flesch = 49 summary = title: Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and Negative Impact on Livelihood Predict Elevated Mental Health Problems in Chinese Adults However, few studies have examined sleep problems, depression, and posttraumatic symptoms among the general adult population during the COVID-19 outbreak, and little is known about coping behaviors. Mental health problems were assessed with the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Perceived negative impact of the pandemic on livelihood showed a large effect size in predicting mental health problems (standardized beta: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.10–0.19). The relationship between coping behavior and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS), depression, insomnia, mental health problems. We found that direct exposure to COVID-19 and the impact on livelihood are important predictors of mental health problems, and that people found cognitive and prosocial ways to cope with the strains and stresses of the lockdown. cache = ./cache/cord-303203-1kpw4ru0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-303203-1kpw4ru0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-301348-h21rnyww author = Gherghina, Ștefan Cristian title = Stock Market Reactions to COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: Quantitative Evidence from ARDL Bounds Tests and Granger Causality Analysis date = 2020-09-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6397 sentences = 376 flesch = 60 summary = Figure 6 shows the results of criteria graph for the ARDL model that takes into account the number of new cases and new deaths in China, both for the BET stock index return and for the Romanian Government bond (10Y). Figure 7 shows the results of criteria graph for the ARDL model that takes into account the number of new cases and new deaths in Italy, both for the BET stock index return and for the Romanian Government bond (10Y). However, both models shows that the number of new deaths in China due to COVID-19 has no influence on the BET index return, respectively, on the Romania 10-year bond yield, neither in the short-term, nor in the long-term. However, the short-run results show a negative impact of new deaths cases of COVID-19 from Italy on the BET index return, in line with Okorie and Lin [58] which underlined a transitory contagion effect in the stock markets due to novel coronavirus. cache = ./cache/cord-301348-h21rnyww.txt txt = ./txt/cord-301348-h21rnyww.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-300338-duhyb754 author = Urashima, Mitsuyoshi title = BCG Vaccination and Mortality of COVID-19 across 173 Countries: An Ecological Study date = 2020-08-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5672 sentences = 250 flesch = 44 summary = We therefore aimed to explore whether recent BCG vaccine coverage is associated with COVID-19 morbidity and/or mortality rates, using linear regression models to explore associations between the two continuous random variables adjusted for a variety of potential confounders, such as median age and body mass index (BMI) in individual countries through this ecological study. As a result, '≥60 years of age' (p < 0.001) and 'BCG vaccine coverage' (p = 0.002) remained significant factors associated with COVID-19 mortality, even after adjustment for morbidity and PCR-tests. As a result, '≥60 years of age' (p < 0.001) and 'BCG vaccine coverage' (p = 0.002) remained significant factors associated with COVID-19 mortality, even after adjustment for morbidity and PCR-tests. cache = ./cache/cord-300338-duhyb754.txt txt = ./txt/cord-300338-duhyb754.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-302553-d0hk4ipg author = Shan, Siqing title = Infectious or Recovered? Optimizing the Infectious Disease Detection Process for Epidemic Control and Prevention Based on Social Media date = 2020-09-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11756 sentences = 633 flesch = 52 summary = This paper aims to optimize the disease surveillance process by further identifying the infectious or recovered period of flu cases through social media. The main research rationale of this study is straightforward, i.e., first, to investigate the relationship between the sentiment polarity and the flu period from social networks, and second, to optimize the disease detecting process by predicting the different periods of flu. The content inside the dotted line (shown in Figure 2 ) is the main research content of this paper, which aims to find the flu-related weibos and further determine the flu period to improve the accuracy of infectious disease detection. This paper aims to detect the flu period with sentiment polarity at the word and text level based on Sina Weibo data (web-based social media platform), and it proposes optimization suggestions for optimizing the disease detecting process. cache = ./cache/cord-302553-d0hk4ipg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-302553-d0hk4ipg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-302411-unoiwi4g author = Yu, Jingyuan title = Analyzing Spanish News Frames on Twitter during COVID-19—A Network Study of El País and El Mundo date = 2020-07-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5371 sentences = 265 flesch = 53 summary = Throughout an automatic process of topic modeling and network analysis methods, this study identifies eight news frames for each newspaper's Twitter account. Inspired by this method, this study conducts network analysis on the Twitter posts, analyzing and comparing the news frames of the two most important general-interest and nationally-circulated Spanish newspapers (El País and El Mundo) during different stages of the COVID-19 crisis. Our data are hydrated from open access institutional and news media tweet dataset for COVID-19 social science research [37] , which includes the Twitter posts from the two selected Spanish newspapers from the end of February. As the crisis is gradually controlled, the pandemic related news frames ("Pandemic Update," "State of Alarm," "Public Health Professional" and "Covid Information") are becoming less prominent in the recovery period. This study analyzed and compared the frames of Twitter news posts in the two most important Spanish newspapers during Covid-19 pandemic crisis. cache = ./cache/cord-302411-unoiwi4g.txt txt = ./txt/cord-302411-unoiwi4g.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-306690-s5mxes4r author = Shangguan, Ziheng title = What Caused the Outbreak of COVID-19 in China: From the Perspective of Crisis Management date = 2020-05-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8704 sentences = 408 flesch = 50 summary = Since the first known case of a COVID-19 infected patient in Wuhan, China on 8 December 2019, COVID-19 has spread to more than 200 countries, causing a worldwide public health crisis. This article attempts to fill this research gap through analysis of big data, officially released information and other social media sources to understand the root cause of the crisis as it relates to China's current management system and public health policy. Since the first known case of a COVID-19 infected patient in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China on 8 December 2019 [1] , COVID-19 has spread to more than 200 countries and infected over three million people worldwide (as of 28 April 2020), causing a worldwide public health crisis. This article attempts to fill this research gap through analysis of big data, officially released information and other social media sources to understand the root cause of the crisis from the aspects of China's current management system and public health policy. cache = ./cache/cord-306690-s5mxes4r.txt txt = ./txt/cord-306690-s5mxes4r.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-293861-n6733nfd author = Juhász, Attila title = Antithrombotic Preventive Medication Prescription Redemption and Socioeconomic Status in Hungary in 2016: A Cross-Sectional Study date = 2020-09-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6067 sentences = 245 flesch = 32 summary = Risk analysis capabilities were applied to estimate the relationships between socioeconomic status, which was characterized by quintiles of a multidimensional composite indicator (deprivation index), and mortality due to thromboembolic diseases as well as antithrombotic medications for the year 2016 at the district level in Hungary. Although data on the level and availability of secondary prevention at the country level would be essential for planning and targeting national health system policies that can decrease premature CVD mortality and morbidity, only a few studies have been published on the link between the utilization of antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulants (hereafter antithrombotic agents) for preventive purposes and socioeconomic status. Since physicians in general practice play a major role in initiating, coordinating, and providing long-term follow-up for the prevention of non-communicable diseases [23] , our study examined the prescription and redemption rates of the most common oral antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulants prescribed for thrombosis prevention from all general practices and defined their relationships with socioeconomic status in Hungary. cache = ./cache/cord-293861-n6733nfd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-293861-n6733nfd.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-297378-quyehjr1 author = Hong, Yan title = The Impact of COVID-19 on Tourist Satisfaction with B&B in Zhejiang, China: An Importance–Performance Analysis date = 2020-05-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7858 sentences = 526 flesch = 54 summary = Second, descriptive statistics and an importance-performance analysis (IPA) were used to measure the impact of B&B before/after COVID-19 on tourist satisfaction levels in Zhejiang. Implications First, to the best of our knowledge, this study is among the first to uncover the impact of COVID-19 factors influencing tourists' satisfaction with B&Bs. Second, from the perspective of methodology, DC and IRL were combined with content analysis to sort and guide the complexity of the relationship between variables, which has certain value for future research. Implications First, to the best of our knowledge, this study is among the first to uncover the impact of COVID-19 factors influencing tourists' satisfaction with B&Bs. Second, from the perspective of methodology, DC and IRL were combined with content analysis to sort and guide the complexity of the relationship between variables, which has certain value for future research. cache = ./cache/cord-297378-quyehjr1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-297378-quyehjr1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-302704-rj4le1qn author = Felknor, Sarah A. title = How Will the Future of Work Shape the OSH Professional of the Future? A Workshop Summary date = 2020-09-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5163 sentences = 235 flesch = 41 summary = Rapid and profound changes anticipated in the future of work will have significant implications for the education and training of occupational safety and health (OSH) professionals and the workforce. It is therefore likely that there will be a need for new disciplines and specialties in OSH or, at a minimum, a broader skill set and expanded training of traditional OSH professions to include occupational health psychology, human resource management, and TWH [18] . It is therefore likely that there will be a need for new disciplines and specialties in OSH or, at a minimum, a broader skill set and expanded training of traditional OSH professions to include occupational health psychology, human resource management, and TWH [18] . It is important to note that the workshop was designed to identify challenges, gaps, and needs facing the future of education and training of OSH professionals and not necessarily to provide concrete answers or next steps in the development of curricula, credentialing of OSH professions, or evaluation of new training methods. cache = ./cache/cord-302704-rj4le1qn.txt txt = ./txt/cord-302704-rj4le1qn.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-312094-czuw4t7i author = Radic, Aleksandar title = Fear and Trembling of Cruise Ship Employees: Psychological Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-09-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8881 sentences = 418 flesch = 54 summary = The findings revealed that COVID-19 pandemic has managed to erase the feeling of joy from cruise ship employees who were stuck at sea while exposing weakness of cruise line companies such as poor human resource management leadership. The CDC's No Sail Order in combination with poor liquidity of cruise line companies due to the COVID-19 cruise tourism crisis has created an unprecedented event leaving 100,000 cruise ship employees stuck at sea for months without any certainty when they will be repatriated to their homes [45] . In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, cruise ship employees that are stuck at sea are experiencing particularly high levels of stress that may develop mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression. Moreover, cruise line companies do not have a strategy for managing various negative psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cruise ship employees who are stuck at sea. cache = ./cache/cord-312094-czuw4t7i.txt txt = ./txt/cord-312094-czuw4t7i.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-310165-xj025ruz author = Jones, Rodney P title = Would the United States Have Had Too Few Beds for Universal Emergency Care in the Event of a More Widespread Covid-19 Epidemic? date = 2020-07-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6728 sentences = 352 flesch = 58 summary = Relatively low population density in over half of US states appeared to have limited the spread of Covid-19 thus averting a potential major hospital capacity crisis. This study will seek to evaluate if U.S. states had enough hospital beds to cope with a large epidemic across all parts of the country and will use a new method for comparing inter-and intra-national bed numbers to do so. In this analysis confirmed Covid-19 deaths were from Bing.com [5] , total hospital bed numbers include adult and pediatric acute care, plus maternity and mental health. In 2019 that US average was 191 acute beds per hospital (range 90 in Wyoming to 259 in New Jersey and Connecticut and 306 in New York) [32] The relatively low population density in most US states seemingly averted a catastrophic Covid-19 bed capacity overload. cache = ./cache/cord-310165-xj025ruz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-310165-xj025ruz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-306504-0wq7rc6s author = Barakovic Husic, Jasmina title = Aging at Work: A Review of Recent Trends and Future Directions date = 2020-10-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6412 sentences = 443 flesch = 51 summary = In order to answer the research questions, we examined studies on the aging labour force that were published between January 2008 and August 2019, to recognize the trends in the literature written in English with respect to motivation issues and potential solutions. Older workers with high job satisfaction, development possibilities, affirmative relations to management, and no age discrimination stayed longer in the work market. Ageism, employment discrimination, gender, work [33] To investigate the age-related connection between job stress, extreme tiredness, prosperity, and associated personal, institutional, and community factors. Job/age/disability discrimination [36] To investigate the relation between psychosocial factors and pension intention of older employees, while considering healthiness and work ability. Older farmers, work-related musculoskeletal disorders, pension age [8] To investigate the action plans that workers use to acquire skills in software and complete assignments Exploratory study (interviews, surveys). cache = ./cache/cord-306504-0wq7rc6s.txt txt = ./txt/cord-306504-0wq7rc6s.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-294593-mh1uh1b3 author = Boloori, Alireza title = Misalignment of Stakeholder Incentives in the Opioid Crisis date = 2020-10-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6457 sentences = 305 flesch = 41 summary = Some of these issues include the inefficacy of conventional payment mechanisms in providing incentives for providers, practice guidelines in pain management that are not easily implementable across different medical specialties, barriers in adopting multi-modal pain management strategies, low capacity of providers/treatments to address opioid/substance use disorders, the complexity of addressing the co-occurrence of chronic pain and opioid use disorders, and patients' non-adherence to opioid substitution treatments. These include the implementation of prescription drug monitoring programs [54, 55] , statewide Medicaid program initiatives such as coordinated care organizations [56] [57] [58] , educational outreach and academic detailing for providers [59] [60] [61] , advances in medicine/surgery that lower post-surgical dependence on narcotics [62, 63] , the fentanyl patch-for-patch program [64] , pharmacy consult intervention [65] , quality measure development and/or quality improvement [66] , using data analytics to predict the risk of overdose [67] , and schedule change of opioid analgesics [68] . cache = ./cache/cord-294593-mh1uh1b3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-294593-mh1uh1b3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-307038-c58mzcu9 author = Shukla, Nagesh title = A Review of Models Used for Investigating Barriers to Healthcare Access in Australia date = 2020-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8790 sentences = 427 flesch = 42 summary = This review study is an attempt to understand the various modeling approaches used by researchers to analyze diverse barriers related to specific disease types and the various areal distributions in the country. The study introduced a multilevel approach to assess area-level variation in colorectal cancer survival due to causative factors (disease stage, comorbidity, patient characteristics and healthcare access) and analyze their individual contribution to survival. Most of the studies used the line-of-sight method to measure distances to dental care instead of determining travel time as they focused on metropolitan regions with a focus on using geospatial tools to identify accessibility [13, 16] . Current research practice is lacking in various domains ranging from spatial accessibility techniques to the consideration of patient characteristics and the analysis of different disease types as well as studies concerning only rural/remote areas. cache = ./cache/cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-316990-kz9782rj author = Han, Xuehua title = Using Social Media to Mine and Analyze Public Opinion Related to COVID-19 in China date = 2020-04-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8473 sentences = 409 flesch = 51 summary = A secondary classification was implemented to divide "personal response", "opinion and sentiments", and "seeking help" into 13 more detailed sub-topics, including "fear and worry", "questioning the government and media", "condemning bad habits", "objective comment", "taking scientific protective measures", "blessing and praying", "appealing for aiding patients", "willing to return work", "staying at home and taking necessary precautions", "popularizing anti-epidemic knowledge in family", "seeking medical help", "seeking relief materials", and "other". Figure 5b shows the spatial distribution of the kernel density with a search radius of 200 km, indicating that the high-density areas of Weibo related to COVID-19 were in Wuhan In order to explore the correlation between public opinion and the epidemic situation, this study used Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) software to perform Spearman correlation analysis on the number of relevant Weibo texts and confirmed cases in provincial level (number is 34). cache = ./cache/cord-316990-kz9782rj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-316990-kz9782rj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-313356-ninzeazy author = Fiorillo, Luca title = COVID-19 Surface Persistence: A Recent Data Summary and Its Importance for Medical and Dental Settings date = 2020-04-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3803 sentences = 248 flesch = 53 summary = title: COVID-19 Surface Persistence: A Recent Data Summary and Its Importance for Medical and Dental Settings Recently, due to the coronavirus pandemic, many guidelines and anti-contagion strategies continue to report unclear information about the persistence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the environment. The purpose of this article is to highlight all the sources currently present in the literature concerning the persistence of the different coronaviruses in the environment as well as in medical and dental settings. The aim of this article is to evaluate, through the analysis of the current literature, how long this virus can remain active on different surfaces. On average, the different coronaviruses persist in an infectious state on surfaces for several days, even up to nine. Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention cache = ./cache/cord-313356-ninzeazy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-313356-ninzeazy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-313869-3x2qf3yu author = Bin, Sheng title = Spread of Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis of Different Factors on Spread of Infectious Disease Based on Cellular Automata date = 2019-11-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7164 sentences = 403 flesch = 52 summary = Based on the ability of cellular automata to model complex problems, this paper considered that, in real society, population mobility is caused by economic development, living environment, education level, and other factors, and that population density, sex ratio, and age structure of area also have some influence on the spread of infectious diseases. In order to study and analyze the influence of population density on infectious disease spread, each individual is mapped into a cell in the cellular automata model. Without considering other factors, this paper focused on the influence of three factors, namely, population density, individual heterogeneity, and mobility on infectious disease spread, and the SLIRDS model based on cellular automata was constructed. Without considering other factors, this paper focused on the influence of three factors, namely, population density, individual heterogeneity, and mobility on infectious disease spread, and the SLIRDS model based on cellular automata was constructed. cache = ./cache/cord-313869-3x2qf3yu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-313869-3x2qf3yu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-291113-iizj932l author = Cumbo, Enzo title = Alternative Methods of Sterilization in Dental Practices Against COVID-19 date = 2020-08-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7441 sentences = 273 flesch = 40 summary = It is time to consider a dental practice quite similar to a hospital surgery room, where particular attention should be paid to problems related to the spread of infections caused by air and surface contaminations, especially a time when viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 have emerged as an important public health problem due to their ability to spread through close person-to-person contact. Ultraviolet light has proven effective against corona viruses and, therefore, could be used against COVID-19 both in the case of bioaerosols and in the sterilization of contaminated environmental surfaces in which this microorganism is present-in particular, on products of unstable composition that cannot be treated by conventional means [62, 63] . Now that the risk of spreading COVID-19 is very high, it is necessary to pay particular attention to all the sterilization procedures that should be reviewed, improved, and perhaps used in combinations to obtain a final result that aims to complete the sterilization of all structures present in the operating room, including air, which for some dangerous diseases, such as SARS-CoV-2, is the transmission route. cache = ./cache/cord-291113-iizj932l.txt txt = ./txt/cord-291113-iizj932l.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-307362-1bxx4db2 author = Salmerón-Manzano, Esther title = Bibliometric Studies and Worldwide Research Trends on Global Health date = 2020-08-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 882 sentences = 62 flesch = 51 summary = title: Bibliometric Studies and Worldwide Research Trends on Global Health Therefore, in this Special Issue, the problems related to global health have been addressed from a bibliometric approach in four main areas: environmental issues, diseases, health, education and society. Two topics of special interest to society today are environmental research and public health, and within these larger topics are sub-topics related to global health. Therefore, articles reviewing the state of the art in any of these fields, bibliometric or scientometric studies, and research articles dealing with a global perspective are welcome. Table 3 summarizes the research conducted by the authors in this Special Issue, by identifying the areas to which they report. Finally, research related to education and society: academic performance, patents, bibliometric analysis, and social networks and young people. Global Mapping of Research Trends on Interventions to Improve Health-Related Quality of Life in Asthma Patients cache = ./cache/cord-307362-1bxx4db2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-307362-1bxx4db2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-314733-fyximykl author = Butu, Alina title = The Impact of COVID-19 Crisis upon the Consumer Buying Behavior of Fresh Vegetables Directly from Local Producers. Case Study: The Quarantined Area of Suceava County, Romania date = 2020-07-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11552 sentences = 543 flesch = 50 summary = The present paper intends to address the impact of COVID-19 crisis upon the consumer buying behavior of fresh vegetables directly from local producers as observed 30 days later, after enforcing the state of emergency in Romania within a well-defined area, namely, the quarantined area of Suceava. Short food chain supply (SFSC) systems provide multiple benefits (of economic, social, environmental, cultural, and health nature) for people and society as a whole: new job opportunities in the agri-food sector at local level [54] , encouraging knowledge transfer, counter-balancing the effects of population migration [55] or gentrification, supporting the local services and suppliers by sustaining the stores of small producers and farmers' markets, preserving cultural heritage, including promotion of tourism [56] and local gastronomy, and improving the quality of life by securing access to healthier food [57] . cache = ./cache/cord-314733-fyximykl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-314733-fyximykl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-308005-t0bf5nos author = Iglesias-Sánchez, Patricia P. title = The Contagion of Sentiments during the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: The Case of Isolation in Spain date = 2020-08-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4586 sentences = 217 flesch = 47 summary = The communications obtained from the Instagram social media platform and online forums only showed statistically significant differences in the emotional response related to anger (p < 0.05), but no significant differences in the emotional responses related to fear, sadness, uncertainty, disgust or joy (p > 0.05). The communications obtained from the Instagram social media platform and online forums only showed statistically significant differences in the emotional response related to anger (p < 0.05), but no significant differences in the emotional responses related to fear, sadness, uncertainty, disgust or joy (p > 0.05). The amount of user-generated content and social-media communications related to the social distancing, self-isolation and quarantine measures in Spain increased rapidly and steadily during Stage 1 of the study period. The amount of user-generated content and social-media communications related to the social distancing, self-isolation and quarantine measures in Spain increased rapidly and steadily during Stage 1 of the study period. cache = ./cache/cord-308005-t0bf5nos.txt txt = ./txt/cord-308005-t0bf5nos.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-307285-bxy0zsc7 author = Dar Odeh, Najla title = COVID-19: Present and Future Challenges for Dental Practice date = 2020-04-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4708 sentences = 227 flesch = 44 summary = Realizing the severity of outcomes associated with this disease and its high rate of transmission, dentists were instructed by regulatory authorities, such as the American Dental Association, to stop providing treatment to dental patients except those who have emergency complaints. In vitro studies have shown that azithromycin is active against Zika and Ebola viruses, [18] [19] [20] and is able to prevent severe respiratory tract infections when administrated to patients suffering viral infection [12] However, the efficacy of azithromycin in combination with hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 patients has not been confirmed yet [21, 22] , and more studies are needed to further investigate its clinical effects. Following the recommended cross-infection control procedures, spreading awareness based on evidence and not misconceptions, identifying emergency cases indicated for dental treatment, and practicing effective tele-dentistry when needed can all be helpful for dental patients and community as a whole. cache = ./cache/cord-307285-bxy0zsc7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-307285-bxy0zsc7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-299797-s1zdmf2u author = Dettori, Marco title = Environmental Risks Perception Among Citizens Living Near Industrial Plants: A Cross-Sectional Study date = 2020-07-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4989 sentences = 254 flesch = 49 summary = The present work is a cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the risk perception and evaluating the community outrage linked to environmental factors among a self-selected sample of citizens living in an area characterized by the presence of industrial structures of high emotional impact. The growing awareness of the health impacts caused by the alteration of environmental conditions by anthropic activities, such as industrial expansion near urban areas, atmospheric pollution, and climate change, plays a key role in the judgment and acceptability of the risks related to environmental Owing to its insularity, the region lends itself very well to observational investigations and represents an excellent test case in relation to the reported social dynamics. The full questionnaire is shown in Tables 2 and 3 (Results Section): Table 2 reports 6 questions related to the respondents' general information; Table 3 shows 8 questions (numbers 7 to 14) related to health concerns and risk perceptions, together with their close-ended answers. cache = ./cache/cord-299797-s1zdmf2u.txt txt = ./txt/cord-299797-s1zdmf2u.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-313887-8sabsrgy author = Quandt, Sara A. title = COVID-19 Pandemic among Latinx Farmworker and Nonfarmworker Families in North Carolina: Knowledge, Risk Perceptions, and Preventive Behaviors date = 2020-08-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7451 sentences = 353 flesch = 50 summary = Taken together, the rapidly changing messages, coupled with public concern, and limited availability of up-to-date information in formats for those with limited English proficiency created a situation in the USA in which Latinx workers such as farmworkers were likely to lack consistent and accurate information and, as a result, practice ineffective behaviors to protect themselves and prevent spreading disease to their social network. This study was designed to describe the knowledge, perceived risk and susceptibility, and preventive behaviors reported by Latinx immigrant farmworker and nonfarmworker families in North Carolina during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. In total, these results indicate that, despite relatively high knowledge, strong perceptions of risk from COVID-19, and claims of avoiding situations where contracting or spreading infection might be likely, many of the farmworker families included here do not practice safe physical distancing measures as recommended; and their use of masks appears to be confined to work settings. cache = ./cache/cord-313887-8sabsrgy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-313887-8sabsrgy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-302239-2sxy3spd author = Zhang, Xiaojun title = Willingness to Self-Isolate When Facing a Pandemic Risk: Model, Empirical Test, and Policy Recommendations date = 2019-12-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5445 sentences = 279 flesch = 48 summary = In this paper, we tried to show that the theory of planned behavior provides a useful conceptual framework for SI when facing a pandemic risk, and a regression method with Chinese provincial (Guangdong Province) data was applied to investigate how attitude (ATT), subjective norms (SN), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) influence SI when facing a pandemic emergency. Risk perception has been widely established as a significant predictor of engagement in preventive health behaviors, including SI [21] ; those who report being unfamiliar with the term "pandemic influenza," male respondents, and employed people who are not able to work from home have been found to be less willing to comply [22] . Using Chinese provincial (Guangdong Province) data, we investigated how ATT, SN, and PBC influence the willingness of self-isolate when facing a pandemic emergency. cache = ./cache/cord-302239-2sxy3spd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-302239-2sxy3spd.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-311311-rmv5rfst author = Harper, Martin title = Recent Advances in Occupational Exposure Assessment of Aerosols date = 2020-09-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9863 sentences = 455 flesch = 49 summary = Three advances to be discussed in detail are (1) recognition and inclusion of sampler wall deposits; (2) development of a new sampling and analytical procedure for respirable crystalline silica that allows non-destructive field analysis at the end of the sampling period; and (3) development of a new sampler to collect the portion of sub-300 nm aerodynamic diameter particles that would deposit in human airways. Three advances to be discussed in detail are (1) recognition and inclusion of sampler wall deposits; (2) development of a new sampling and analytical procedure for respirable crystalline silica that allows non-destructive field analysis at the end of the sampling period; and (3) development of a new sampler to collect the portion of sub-300 nm aerodynamic diameter particles that would deposit in human airways. RCS is collected on a direct-on-filter (DoF) sampler (EoS™ Silica Cassette, Zefon International, Inc.) attached to any one of several different cyclones to select the respirable dust fraction. cache = ./cache/cord-311311-rmv5rfst.txt txt = ./txt/cord-311311-rmv5rfst.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-304996-st1nn3pc author = Baggiani, Angelo title = Preparedness and Response to the COVID-19 Emergency: Experience from the Teaching Hospital of Pisa, Italy date = 2020-10-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3422 sentences = 185 flesch = 53 summary = In this case report, we aim to describe the key elements that have been identified and implemented in our center, a 1082-bed hospital located in the Pisa district, to rapidly respond to the COVID-19 outbreak in order to guarantee safety of patients and healthcare workers. Based on scientific data published since the start of the outbreak and previous experience from former outbreaks (SARS and MERS-CoV), the TF developed a technical procedure to face the pandemic, structured in five key domains: reorganization of hospital services, management of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients, management of corpses, guidelines for cleaning and disinfection, implementation of cleaning and disinfection procedures, and personal protective equipment. cache = ./cache/cord-304996-st1nn3pc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-304996-st1nn3pc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-302847-d5serpz5 author = Fischer, Tatjana title = Capturing the Spatial Relatedness of Long-Distance Caregiving: A Mixed-Methods Approach date = 2020-09-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10594 sentences = 579 flesch = 50 summary = Efforts for overcoming geographic distances [7] Maintaining work/life/care balance [2] Influence on kind of provided support for and visiting the cared-for person [3, 6] "Watching the deterioration of their loved one" [7, 27] Use of telecommunication to keep in contact with the cared-for person or rather to stay informed [28] [29] [30] Cost expenditure and choice of means of transport emotional stress [7] and opportunity to take advantage of health promotion offers [1] Causal (attributes/qualities) Availability and quality of public transport [31] Availability of informal and formal elder care support and infrastructure in the residential municipality of the domestic cared-for person ((potential) co-resident caregivers, local caregivers, neighbors, friends) Quality of the built environment of the cared-for person (construction-related barriers, maintenance of the garden) Several initiatives regarding the modeling of spatial relatedness of LDC based on the perspective of the long-distance caregiving person and graph theory must be preceded by an appropriate preparation of the available relevant spatial information and its assignment to the various semantic categories. cache = ./cache/cord-302847-d5serpz5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-302847-d5serpz5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-301264-lkfhtb1w author = Davahli, Mohammad Reza title = The Hospitality Industry in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Current Topics and Research Methods date = 2020-10-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7860 sentences = 418 flesch = 41 summary = The reviewed articles focused on different aspects of the hospitality industry, including hospitality workers' issues, loss of jobs, revenue impact, the COVID-19 spreading patterns in the industry, market demand, prospects for recovery of the hospitality industry, safety and health, travel behavior, and preference of customers. The reported approaches include simulation and scenario modeling for discovering the COVID-19 spreading patterns, field surveys, secondary data analysis, discussing the resumption of activities during and after the pandemic, comparing the COVID-19 pandemic with previous public health crises, and measuring the impact of the pandemic in terms of economics. The studies reported impacts of the pandemic on different aspects of the hospitality industry, including job loss, revenue losses, access to loans, market demand, emerging new markets, hostile behaviors towards foreigners, and issues of hospitality workers and hotel cleaners. cache = ./cache/cord-301264-lkfhtb1w.txt txt = ./txt/cord-301264-lkfhtb1w.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-298156-d0pb1kik author = Cheval, Sorin title = Observed and Potential Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Environment date = 2020-06-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11027 sentences = 569 flesch = 47 summary = Consequently, by the end of April 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to numerous environmental impacts, both positive such as enhanced air and water quality in urban areas, and negative, such as shoreline pollution due to the disposal of sanitary consumables. The concept of disaster has evolved over time, and here we use an adapted Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) definition: a disaster is an event, which severely alters the functioning of a community due to hazardous physical, biological or human related impacts leading to widespread adverse effects on multiple scales and systems (environment, economic, social). While negative impacts on the economy and society in general are probably huge, it is very likely that the global-scale reduction of economic activities due to the COVID-19 crisis triggers a lot of sensible improvements in environmental quality and climatic systems. cache = ./cache/cord-298156-d0pb1kik.txt txt = ./txt/cord-298156-d0pb1kik.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-308957-s2hjge6s author = Burns, Ryan D. title = Movement Behaviors and Perceived Loneliness and Sadness within Alaskan Adolescents date = 2020-09-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5258 sentences = 259 flesch = 42 summary = Associations between meeting recommendations for movement behaviors with loneliness and sadness were examined using weighted logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI). These studies suggest that individually, higher levels of physical activity, low levels of sedentary behaviors such as television watching and non-academic computer use, and adequate levels of school-night sleep have been shown to associate with lower suicidal ideation [16] , anxiety [17] , and depressive symptoms in adolescents [18] . The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of movement-based behaviors with perceived loneliness and prolonged sadness within a sample of Alaskan adolescents. A primary finding from the current study was that sleep was the only single movement-based behavior that was significantly associated with both perceived loneliness and prolonged sadness in Alaskan adolescents. Even though school-night sleep duration significantly correlated with loneliness and sadness, the movement behaviors of physical activity and screen use did not correlate within any of the adjusted models. cache = ./cache/cord-308957-s2hjge6s.txt txt = ./txt/cord-308957-s2hjge6s.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-306551-qf7h9m78 author = Han, Heesup title = The Post-Coronavirus World in the International Tourism Industry: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Safer Destination Choices in the Case of US Outbound Tourism date = 2020-09-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6921 sentences = 366 flesch = 41 summary = In sum, the theoretical premise of this research in the international tourism sector is that the travelers who have strong knowledge of COVID-19 are likely to form a positive attitude toward safer destination choice behaviors and to perceive the social norm to practice the action, which leads to the increased intention to engage in the behavior in conjunction with the perceived behavioral control. In-line with the evidence from these studies, tourists' perceived knowledge of COVID-19 can be the essential driver of their subjective norms and attitudes to generate an approachable decision for safer international tourism destination. In conclusion, we built a robust theoretical framework for US tourists' post-pandemic travel intentions for safer international tourism destinations, which linked the perceived knowledge of COVID-19 to the focal constructs of the TPB and encompassed the moderating influence of the psychological risk through the empirical approach. cache = ./cache/cord-306551-qf7h9m78.txt txt = ./txt/cord-306551-qf7h9m78.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318336-hslnkv6p author = Ke, Kai-Yuan title = Enhancing Local Disaster Management Network through Developing Resilient Community in New Taipei City, Taiwan date = 2020-07-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8886 sentences = 482 flesch = 52 summary = New Taipei City (NTPC), Taiwan, was aware of the need for non-public force response and therefore developed the process of enhancing local disaster management networks through promoting the resilient community since 2009. Overall, about 90% of the participants' awareness was raised and the capacity to deal with community-based disaster events The survey has shown that, after 7-steps of promotion as described in Section 2.2, 93% of the participants realize the risks they are facing and 91% agree with the necessity to develop a resilient community; 91% believe that the action plan we helped them build is feasible; 89% understand the tasks of the response team and 87% are willing to serve the community as a team member; 98% and 94% think that they had well learned and were ready to perform basic medical skills and fire-fighting, respectively; 95% also thinks retraining is important for the community. cache = ./cache/cord-318336-hslnkv6p.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318336-hslnkv6p.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-317449-xjo6r6yc author = Mota, Gustavo R. title = Is It High Time to Increase Elite Soccer Substitutions Permanently? date = 2020-09-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4187 sentences = 209 flesch = 50 summary = Data from the elite team sports' rules (e.g., absolute and relative court dimensions; the number of players, substitutions allowed, total game time, time-outs) were collected, including the changes due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in soccer substitutions, and comparisons were performed. There is no research regarding a deep investigation on the impact of potential rule-induced physical demands in soccer (e.g., area per player and fewer substitutes forced by the law of the game), and none comparing different sports in this context. This study shows for the first time that elite soccer presents remarkably higher overall rule-induced physical demands than futsal, basketball, and handball, and increasing elite soccer substitutions permanently (e.g., unlimited) might mitigate the overall soccer demands. We conclude that elite soccer has remarkably higher overall rule-induced physical demands than futsal, basketball, and handball, even acknowledging the change in substitutions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-317449-xjo6r6yc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-317449-xjo6r6yc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-315197-4wnes04g author = Zhao, Yu title = Analysis of Transmission and Control of Tuberculosis in Mainland China, 2005–2016, Based on the Age-Structure Mathematical Model date = 2017-10-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4654 sentences = 248 flesch = 57 summary = In this work, based on the reported data and the observed morbidity characteristics, we propose a susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) epidemic model with age groupings, involving three categories: children, the middle-aged, and senior to investigate the role of age on the transmission of tuberculosis in Mainland China from 2005 to 2016. In this paper, based on the reported data and the observed morbidity characteristics, we created a susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) model with age groups of childhood, middle-aged, and senior, to investigate the role of age on the transmission process and evaluate feasible control strategies to reach the goals outlined in the WHO End TB Strategy. We estimated the basic reproduction number R 0 , analyzed the globally dynamic behavior of the model, and used the model to simulate the annual data of infected TB cases reported by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) from 2005 to 2016. cache = ./cache/cord-315197-4wnes04g.txt txt = ./txt/cord-315197-4wnes04g.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318528-yc0jw3s1 author = Romero-Blanco, Cristina title = Physical Activity and Sedentary Lifestyle in University Students: Changes during Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-09-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4385 sentences = 215 flesch = 52 summary = In the group analysis, differences were observed in relation to gender, year of study, BMI, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, symptoms of anxiety/depression, Mediterranean diet, living situation and stage of change. To broaden our approach, as a secondary aim, we also wanted to look at changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviour resulting from other factors such as alcohol and tobacco consumption, adherence to a Mediterranean diet, motivation, symptoms of anxiety/depression and sociodemographic characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate physical activity and sedentary behaviour in health sciences students before and during the lockdown. In the analysis by group, minutes of physical activity increased significantly during lockdown among the following groups: women; all years of study except final year; normal or low BMI; those who did not eat a Mediterranean diet; and those in the preparation or action stage of change. cache = ./cache/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-307133-bm9z8gss author = Kong, Lingcai title = Modeling Heterogeneity in Direct Infectious Disease Transmission in a Compartmental Model date = 2016-02-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4611 sentences = 247 flesch = 48 summary = Finally, we calibrated the model with the number of daily cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Beijing in 2003, and the estimated parameters show that the control measures taken at that time were effective. A low level of heterogeneity results in dynamics similar to those predicted by the homogeneous-mixing model with a frequency-dependent transmission term, βSI N . The greatest difference is that at the overall level, the heterogeneity slows the transmission speed and decreases the peak sizes, which means milder disease outbreaks, because in the scenario with a high level of heterogeneity, only a small proportion of susceptible individuals have chances of coming into contact with infectious individuals and becoming infected, which results in a slower increase of the infected population. Our results show that, keeping other conditions identical, the higher is the level of heterogeneity in contact rates, the greater is the difference in the disease dynamics observed from those predicted using the homogeneous-mixing models. cache = ./cache/cord-307133-bm9z8gss.txt txt = ./txt/cord-307133-bm9z8gss.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-320208-uih4jf8w author = Li, Diya title = Modeling Spatiotemporal Pattern of Depressive Symptoms Caused by COVID-19 Using Social Media Data Mining date = 2020-07-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8951 sentences = 527 flesch = 56 summary = In this article, we propose a CorExQ9 algorithm that integrates a Correlation Explanation (CorEx) learning algorithm and clinical Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) lexicon to detect COVID-19 related stress symptoms at a spatiotemporal scale in the United States. In this article, we propose a CorExQ9 algorithm that integrates Correlation Explanation (CorEx) learning algorithm and clinical PHQ lexicon to detect COVID-19 related stress symptoms at a spatiotemporal scale in the United States. We assessed the level of stress expressed in COVID-19 related tweets by integrating a lexicon-based method derived from established clinical assessment questionnaire PHQ-9 [46] . The CorEx algorithm combined with clinical stress measure index (PHQ-9) helped to minimize human interventions and human language ambiguity in social media data mining for stress detection and provided accurate stress symptom measures of Twitter users related to the COVID-19 pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-320208-uih4jf8w.txt txt = ./txt/cord-320208-uih4jf8w.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-313591-hb3gqksg author = Pek, Kalene title = Social Frailty Is Independently Associated with Mood, Nutrition, Physical Performance, and Physical Activity: Insights from a Theory-Guided Approach date = 2020-06-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5937 sentences = 290 flesch = 46 summary = Using available items from previous studies to derive a social frailty scale as guided by the Bunt social frailty theoretical framework, we aimed to examine the association of social frailty, independently of physical frailty, with salient outcomes of mood, nutrition, physical performance, physical activity, and life–space mobility. We therefore conducted this study to examine the independent association of social frailty with a comprehensive range of intermediary outcomes in a representative cohort of non-frail community-dwelling Asian older adults. Firstly, using validated items identified from prior Asian studies, we performed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to derive a social frailty scale grounded in Bunt's proposed conceptual framework. In the present study, using a theory-guided social frailty scale that is grounded in the Bunt conceptual framework, we build upon growing body of evidence about the paramount importance of social frailty by demonstrating the independent associations of SPF and SF with mood, nutrition, physical performance, and physical activity in non-frail community-dwelling older adults. cache = ./cache/cord-313591-hb3gqksg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-313591-hb3gqksg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-312265-48odnlal author = Chenneville, Tiffany title = The Impact of COVID-19 on HIV Treatment and Research: A Call to Action date = 2020-06-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6381 sentences = 335 flesch = 46 summary = In addition to illness or death for those who contract the virus, the physical distancing required to flatten the curve of new cases is having a negative impact on the economy, the effects of which intersect with mental health and other existing health concerns, thus affecting marginalized communities. There is emerging evidence of the mental health burden of pandemic fear related to COVID-19 [37] and its potential impact on preventive behavior [38] . In addition to the short-term effects of COVID-19, it is also critical for health care providers (e.g., doctors, psychologists, social workers, case managers, etc.) to consider how the impacts of COVID-19 may affect PWH, and the provision of health care treatment across time. Scientists and practitioners are in a unique position to respond to the impact that COVID-19 is having on PWH and HIV prevention efforts, including research. cache = ./cache/cord-312265-48odnlal.txt txt = ./txt/cord-312265-48odnlal.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-310215-11srk6iq author = Bielinis, Ernest title = A Novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale to Predict Preferred Pleasantness Associated with Forest Environments date = 2020-09-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8732 sentences = 405 flesch = 48 summary = In this study, a method for predicting the preferred pleasantness induced by different forest environments, represented by virtual photographs, was proposed and evaluated using a novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale psychometric test. Insofar as there is some possibility of predicting the level of psychological relaxation and therefore preferred pleasantness induced by viewing different forest landscapes, it is important to propose new concepts for these contexts. The reliability of these scales provides evidence that an Anti-Environmental Forest Experience can help predict the pleasantness induced by viewing forest landscapes and can be useful in predicting potential benefits that might be obtained by a subject from nature-based therapy. To sum up, the AEFES is a reliable and valid instrument with practical use for measuring an anti-environmental forest experience, which might be useful for the prediction of the preferred pleasantness of subjects towards forest environments. cache = ./cache/cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-314539-6vvgov43 author = Chen, Zhongxiang title = Forecast Possible Risk for COVID-19 Epidemic Dissemination under Current Control Strategies in Japan date = 2020-05-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3541 sentences = 190 flesch = 56 summary = Firstly, the period from 6 January to 31 March 2020 was divided into four stages and the relevant parameters were estimated according to the imported cases in Japan. The basic reproduction number of the current stage is 1.954 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.851–2.025), which means COVID-19 will spread quickly, and the self-healing rate of Japanese is about 0.495 (95% CI 0.437–0.506), with small variations in the four stages. Therefore, estimation of current infected cases plays an essential role in controlling epidemic development and will help us to evaluate the strategies that should be implemented to adjust the prevention and control measures for mitigating the spread of COVID-19 in Japan. Recently, Toshkazu [5] predicted the epidemic peak of COVID-19 in Japan based on a susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) model. The five-day relative error of the forecasted accumulated reported cases is less than 2.5%, which means this SEIHRD model and the piecewise estimation method can be effective applied to COVID-19. cache = ./cache/cord-314539-6vvgov43.txt txt = ./txt/cord-314539-6vvgov43.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-308319-1l6xooyz author = Wiseman, Kara P. title = An Evaluation of the Process and Quality Improvement Measures of the University of Virginia Cancer Center Tobacco Treatment Program date = 2020-06-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6185 sentences = 277 flesch = 44 summary = This quality improvement study evaluated the procedures for assessing and documenting tobacco use among cancer survivors and referring current smokers to cessation resources at the University of Virginia Cancer Center. Herein, we describe a quality improvement study conducted using Lean methodology, implemented as part of the C3I at the UVA Cancer Center and describe the resulting Tobacco Treatment Program (TTP). The current quality improvement study assessed existing procedures for determining and documenting tobacco use, referring tobacco users to cessation resources, and implementation of cessation services at the Emily Couric Clinical Cancer Center (ECCCC) through a six-month comprehensive process. This article demonstrates the implementation of Lean methodology to evaluate and improve smoking cessation within UVA Cancer Center, reviewed top barriers, and described solutions that have resulted in a robust, comprehensive, and sustainable tobacco treatment program. cache = ./cache/cord-308319-1l6xooyz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-308319-1l6xooyz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-315037-lmur80te author = Lin, Chien-Yu title = Increased Detection of Viruses in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection Using PCR date = 2020-01-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4190 sentences = 241 flesch = 42 summary = We performed a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to investigate the viral etiology in pediatric patients and compared the detection rates with those determined using traditional antigen tests and virus cultures. This study aims to detect respiratory viruses in children using PCR and to compare the detection power of this technique against that when using traditional antigen tests and virus cultures. For children with respiratory symptoms and with a clinical suspicion of virus infection, a test for RSV antigen test, human parainfluenza virus (PIV) type 3 antigen test, viral PCR for enterovirus, or viral cultures was prescribed by the judgment of pediatricians. The following multiplex PCR assays were performed for each sample to detect RNA/DNA of 15 respiratory viruses, including RSV A or B, FluA, FluB, human enterovirus (EV), MPV, human parainfluenza virus types 1-4, human rhinovirus (RV), coronavirus OC43/NL63/229E, human adenovirus (ADV), and human bocavirus (Boca). The present study demonstrates that PCR has higher detectability for respiratory viruses compared to traditional antigen tests and viral cultures. cache = ./cache/cord-315037-lmur80te.txt txt = ./txt/cord-315037-lmur80te.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-308652-i6q23olv author = Cobos-Sanchiz, David title = The Importance of Work-Related Events and Changes in Psychological Distress and Life Satisfaction amongst Young Workers in Spain: A Gender Analysis date = 2020-06-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7149 sentences = 339 flesch = 50 summary = The aim of this paper is therefore to understand the importance of work-related events and changes experienced in the last year in psychological distress and life satisfaction for young people in Spain, including satisfaction with the job role, self-esteem, and emotional and instrumental social support in the prediction model, all of which will be assessed by analyzing men and women separately. To test the hypotheses and determine the importance of the number of work-related events and changes, job satisfaction, self-esteem and social support in psychological distress, and life satisfaction amongst men and women, hierarchical multiple regression analyses were made. Model 3, with all the independent variables in the equation, predicted 28% In Table 1 are the correlation coefficients between the age, level of studies, number of work-related events and changes, job satisfaction, self-esteem and social support with the psychological distress, and life satisfaction amongst men and women. cache = ./cache/cord-308652-i6q23olv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-308652-i6q23olv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-306304-2yf3f1kg author = Woo, Jong-Min title = Seasonality of Suicidal Behavior date = 2012-02-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5727 sentences = 296 flesch = 43 summary = Such risk factors include age, gender, rural/urban area of residence [5] , race [6] , month of birth [7] , socioeconomic factors [8] , marital status [9] , inter-personal relationships or life events [10, 11] , comorbid medical conditions, current or history of psychiatric illness [12] , allergy [13] , and most importantly, previous suicide attempts and violent methods of prior suicide attempt [2, 14] . Furthermore, the seasonal peak in aeroallergens resulting in the concomitant worsening of allergy symptoms could (via inflammatory mediators of worsening allergy symptoms) potentially worsens depressive symptoms, anxiety and impulsivity in mood disorder patients, resulting in exacerbated risk of suicidal behavior. In addition, changes in allergy and anxiety (anxiety representing a potentially independent suicide risk factor) in patients with mood disorders exposed to seasonal peaks of aeroallergens were observed to be correlated [54] . However, the majority of studies did not observe any significant seasonal spring peaks in suicides by non-violent methods [2, 43, 68, 89] . cache = ./cache/cord-306304-2yf3f1kg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-306304-2yf3f1kg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-319899-nso0ob27 author = Wilke, Jan title = Restrictercise! Preferences Regarding Digital Home Training Programs during Confinements Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-09-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2261 sentences = 120 flesch = 40 summary = Our survey with 15,261 participants (38 ± 15 years, 58.5% females) examined preferences towards digital home exercise programs in 14 countries affected by COVID-19. Against this background, the present study examined the preferences towards digital home exercise programs in individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to ascertaining the general willingness to participate in related programs (yes/no), the optimal duration (free entry, min/week), training frequency (workouts per week; 1-2, 3-4, 4-6 or daily), and exercise types (flexibility, resistance, endurance, balance/stability, cognition, relaxation) were assessed. With regard to exercise types (Table 2) , older participants (≥40 years) were more likely to select flexibility and less likely to choose resistance, endurance, and cognitive training. Participants with high physical activity levels (meeting WHO PA recommendations) more often preferred resistance, endurance, and balance/stability training, but not other forms of exercise. In summary, a large portion of individuals affected by confinements related to the COVID-19 pandemic are interested in digital home exercise. cache = ./cache/cord-319899-nso0ob27.txt txt = ./txt/cord-319899-nso0ob27.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-324856-hf969tav author = Abir, Tanvir title = Factors Associated with the Perception of Risk and Knowledge of Contracting the SARS-Cov-2 among Adults in Bangladesh: Analysis of Online Surveys date = 2020-07-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4144 sentences = 221 flesch = 53 summary = title: Factors Associated with the Perception of Risk and Knowledge of Contracting the SARS-Cov-2 among Adults in Bangladesh: Analysis of Online Surveys Since the sheer illness of the whole country is sufficient to destroy the health care system, this current study is to examine changes of individual perception of risk for contracting SARS-Cov-2, and the awareness level in Bangladesh during the early and late lockdowns implemented by the government of Bangladesh. In this study, males who were worried about contracting SARS-Cov-2 were more likely to perceive themselves as being at high risk of contracting the infection, as well as those who did not quarantine themselves or only did so at the request of the public health officers. Moreover, in India, it was found that a higher level of knowledge on COVID-19 was associated with the high-risk perception of contracting the infection during the consistent lockdown period [28] . cache = ./cache/cord-324856-hf969tav.txt txt = ./txt/cord-324856-hf969tav.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-319226-yvgvyif0 author = French, Jeff title = Key Guidelines in Developing a Pre-Emptive COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Promotion Strategy date = 2020-08-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6355 sentences = 357 flesch = 40 summary = This paper makes the case for immediate planning for a COVID-19 vaccination uptake strategy in advance of vaccine availability for two reasons: first, the need to build a consensus about the order in which groups of the population will get access to the vaccine; second, to reduce any fear and concerns that exist in relation to vaccination and to create demand for vaccines. The paper explores key issues that relevant organizations must address and summarizes best practices that should be addressed when developing behavioral influence strategies to promote the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines effectively, efficiently, and ethically as they become available. Governments and their public health agencies need to develop a dialogue and joint strategy with social media platform providers to review and action against anti-vaccination misinformation and vaccine hesitancy promotion. Public health authorities need to build a proactive COVID-19 vaccine trust capacity for active engagement in the social media space as part of their overall promotional strategy [56] . cache = ./cache/cord-319226-yvgvyif0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-319226-yvgvyif0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-325963-d0hvukbu author = Faes, Christel title = Time between Symptom Onset, Hospitalisation and Recovery or Death: Statistical Analysis of Belgian COVID-19 Patients date = 2020-10-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5587 sentences = 277 flesch = 56 summary = The time between symptom onset and hospitalization or diagnosis are similar, with median length between symptom onset and hospitalization ranging between 3 and 10.4 days, depending on the age of the patient (longest delay in age group 20–60 years) and whether or not the patient lives in a nursing home (additional 2 days for patients from nursing home). The time from symptom onset to hospitalization is more than doubled in the working age (20-60 years) and ageing (60-80 years) population as compared to this young population (median close to 4 days and a delay of more than 6.7 days for a quarter of the patients). In Belgium, the mean time from symptom onset to hospitalization overall is 5.74 days, which is slightly longer as compared to the reported delay in other countries, but depending on the patient population, estimates range between 3 and 10.4 days in Belgium. cache = ./cache/cord-325963-d0hvukbu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-325963-d0hvukbu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-321913-zie2uv21 author = Godio, Alberto title = SEIR Modeling of the Italian Epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 Using Computational Swarm Intelligence date = 2020-05-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8247 sentences = 394 flesch = 55 summary = We focused on the application of a stochastic approach in fitting the model parameters using a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) solver, to improve the reliability of predictions in the medium term (30 days). We present an updated version of the predictive model of epidemic phenomena based on the approach called SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infective-Recovered), widely used to analyze infection data during the different stages of an epidemic outbreak. Figure 5a ,b shows the SEIR model prediction for the Veneto region, according to the deterministic and PSO approaches, respectively. Figure 5a ,b shows the SEIR model prediction for the Veneto region, according to the deterministic and PSO approaches, respectively. The SEIR modeling for the Piedmont region is shown in Figure 6a ,b, where the solution using the deterministic and PSO prediction are reported, respectively. The SEIR modeling for the Piedmont region is shown in Figure 6a ,b, where the solution using the deterministic and PSO prediction are reported, respectively. cache = ./cache/cord-321913-zie2uv21.txt txt = ./txt/cord-321913-zie2uv21.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-314211-tv1nhojk author = Eltoukhy, Abdelrahman E. E. title = Data Analytics for Predicting COVID-19 Cases in Top Affected Countries: Observations and Recommendations date = 2020-09-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9260 sentences = 551 flesch = 57 summary = The number of COVID-19 cases can be accurately predicted by considering historical data of reported cases alongside some external factors that affect the spread of the virus. [37] have proposed an AI-based algorithm for predicting COVID-19 cases using a hybrid Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model. These important factors include population, median age index, public and private healthcare expenditure, air quality as a CO 2 trend, seasonality as month of data collection, number of arrivals in the country/territory, and education index. First, there is no previous study that simultaneously considers the historical data of the number of COVID-19 cases and most of the external factors that affect the spread of the virus. These external factors include population, median age index, public and private healthcare expenditure, air quality as a CO 2 trend, seasonality as month of data collection, number of arrivals in the country/territory, and education index. cache = ./cache/cord-314211-tv1nhojk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-314211-tv1nhojk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318061-xe8lljz0 author = Overgaauw, Paul A.M. title = A One Health Perspective on the Human–Companion Animal Relationship with Emphasis on Zoonotic Aspects date = 2020-05-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 14056 sentences = 775 flesch = 49 summary = For the human, there may be a higher risk of the transmission of zoonotic infections due to trends such as sleeping with pets, allowing pets to lick the face or wounds, bite accidents, keeping exotic animals, the importation of rescue dogs, and soil contact. A literature search was conducted through 2 March 2020, using the National Library of Medicine's PubMed for the terms "One Health" and "companion animals"; "pet ownership"; "households" and "pets"; "dogs" or "cats" or "pets" and "mental" or "physical health" or "children"; "animal assisted therapy"; "dogs" or "cats" and "nutritional problems" or "overweight" or "obesity" or "homemade" or "raw meat diets"; "dogs" or "cats" and "behavior problems" or "aggression" or "fear" or "anxiety" or "abnormal repetitive behavior"; "dogs" or "cats" and "breeding" or "genetic problems"; "dogs" or "cats" and "zooanthroponoses"; "pets" and "anthropomorphism"; "dogs" or "cats" or "exotic animals" or "rescue dogs" or "soil" and zoonoses. Anthropomorphism, also resulting in behavioral problems and breeding on appearance rather than health, and trends such as keeping exotic animals and importing rescue dogs may result in an increased risk of contracting zoonotic infections. cache = ./cache/cord-318061-xe8lljz0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318061-xe8lljz0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-324092-ertcvh8x author = Madani, Azzeddine title = The Psychological Impact of Confinement Linked to the Coronavirus Epidemic COVID-19 in Algeria date = 2020-05-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5173 sentences = 175 flesch = 46 summary = Our study aims to study the psychological impact of total and partial containment applied in Algeria, on 23 March 2020, following the spread of the virus COVID-19 and also studied the habits and behaviors of the Algerian population during this new way of life and this through a cross-sectional survey launched after three days from the start of confinement to quickly assess the impacts over the period from 23 March to 12 April 2020, by an online questionnaire which allowed us to obtain 678 responses from Internet users, who live in confinement in Algeria. The results obtained show the impacts of confinement during the first total and partial confinement operations of the coronavirus epidemic COVID-19 in Algeria on certain habits of the daily life of citizens, where we note a high rate of hand washing during the day, since 51.77% of the study sample reported washing their hands up to 10 times a day, and 36.73% of the population washed their hands between 10 and 20 times a day. cache = ./cache/cord-324092-ertcvh8x.txt txt = ./txt/cord-324092-ertcvh8x.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-329640-10trdf87 author = Jeong, Hyun-Chul title = Difficulties of Online Physical Education Classes in Middle and High School and an Efficient Operation Plan to Address Them date = 2020-10-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6426 sentences = 302 flesch = 41 summary = The difficulties of operating middle and high school online physical education classes for the first time included (1) the monotony of the classes within their limited environmental conditions and limited educational content that did not adequately convey the value of physical education, (2) trial-and-error methods applied nationwide, resulting from a lack of expertise in operating online physical education classes, and (3) very limited evaluation guidelines proposed by the Korea Ministry of Education, which made systematic evaluation with online methods impossible. "Turning to the nature of lived experience" of research participants' online physical education classes, the study explored the experience of conducting these classes, discussed and reflected on their efficient operation and difficulties experienced therein, and examined the data by "writing and rewriting". New assignment content needs to be developed in the future that will allow teachers to identify an individual student's learning status, just as the research participants developed different educational strategies to increase the value of the class. cache = ./cache/cord-329640-10trdf87.txt txt = ./txt/cord-329640-10trdf87.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-317667-8ya8tvv2 author = García-Fernández, Jerónimo title = The Promotion of Physical Activity from Digital Services: Influence of E-Lifestyles on Intention to Use Fitness Apps date = 2020-09-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6280 sentences = 322 flesch = 49 summary = Based on this, this study represents a step to clarify how e-lifestyles influence different relationships with perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude, and intentions to use Fitness Apps. Therefore, the objective of the study was to analyze the relationship between the e-lifestyles of consumers of Boutique fitness centers and their relationship with the perceived ease of use, the perceived usefulness, the attitude, and the intention to use Fitness Apps. With this premise, the objective of this work was to analyze the relationship between the e-lifestyles of consumers of Boutique fitness centers and the perceived ease of use, the perceived usefulness, the attitude, and the intention to use fitness Apps. Finally, an analysis with other models that predict the use of technologies in the fitness industry could help to comprehend the relationship of e-lifestyles with other variables that predict the intention of using fitness Apps and would therefore promote physical activity. cache = ./cache/cord-317667-8ya8tvv2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-317667-8ya8tvv2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-330583-ltkpt80u author = Lee, Kyu-Myoung title = Factors Influencing the Response to Infectious Diseases: Focusing on the Case of SARS and MERS in South Korea date = 2019-04-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9200 sentences = 414 flesch = 37 summary = Following the 2003 the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak in South Korea, this research aims to explore and examine the factors influencing the response to infectious diseases, which encompasses both communicable and non-communicable diseases. As the results conducted meta-analyses to comprehensively analyze the correlations of factors influencing disaster response from a Korean context, the findings show that the legislative factor had direct and indirect influence on the overall process of infectious disease response and that Leadership of the central government, establishment of an intergovernmental response system, the need for communication, information sharing and disclosure and onsite response were identified as key factors influencing effective infectious disease response. However, there is also need for comprehensive discussions that include the establishment of laws; regulations; resources; information on infectious disease response from administrative and policy perspectives; information sharing system; and the establishment of an international cooperation system and national response system involving the central government, the regional government, private organizations and the public for effective response when an actual infectious disease outbreak occurs. cache = ./cache/cord-330583-ltkpt80u.txt txt = ./txt/cord-330583-ltkpt80u.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-320914-zf54jfol author = Parrish, Rebecca title = A Critical Analysis of the Drivers of Human Migration Patterns in the Presence of Climate Change: A New Conceptual Model date = 2020-08-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9935 sentences = 510 flesch = 42 summary = Finally, we apply this model to a case study of Malawi to demonstrate how doing so can improve understanding of the local context and result in well-grounded and policy-relevant insights into the true impacts of climate change on migration. By conducting an in-depth literature review of Malawi's political, demographic, environmental, social and economic makeup and then applying the conceptual approach described above by considering the impacts of climate change (primary, secondary and tertiary) to each key factor, we arrive at the case-specific model shown in Figure 2 below. By conducting an in-depth literature review of Malawi's political, demographic, environmental, social and economic makeup and then applying the conceptual approach described above by considering the impacts of climate change (primary, secondary and tertiary) to each key factor, we arrive at the case-specific model shown in Figure 2 below. cache = ./cache/cord-320914-zf54jfol.txt txt = ./txt/cord-320914-zf54jfol.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318944-13zk6cco author = Bizzoca, Maria Eleonora title = Covid-19 Pandemic: What Changes for Dentists and Oral Medicine Experts? A Narrative Review and Novel Approaches to Infection Containment date = 2020-05-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11691 sentences = 617 flesch = 50 summary = The authors performed a narrative review on Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeCoronaVirus-2 ( SARS-CoV-2) and all infectious agents with the primary endpoints to illustrate the most accepted models of safety protocols in dentistry and oral medicine, and to propose an easy view of the problem and a comparison (prevs post-COVID19) for the most common dental procedures. After a brief excursus on all infectious agents transmittable at the dental chair, the authors described all the personal protective equipment (PPE) actually on the market and their indications, and on the basis of the literature, they compared (before and after COVID-19 onset) the correct safety procedures for each dental practice studied, underlining the danger of underestimating, in general, dental cross-infections. The precautions for infection control require wearing gloves, aprons, as well as eye and mouth protection (goggles and mask, such as medical masks and Filtering Face Piece or FPP) for each procedure involving direct contact with the patient body fluids. cache = ./cache/cord-318944-13zk6cco.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318944-13zk6cco.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-328784-9r5td4vy author = Papagiannis, Dimitrios title = Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) of Health Care Professionals in Greece before the Outbreak Period date = 2020-07-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4382 sentences = 220 flesch = 54 summary = title: Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) of Health Care Professionals in Greece before the Outbreak Period The aim of the current study is to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of health care professionals in Greece towards SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion: There is a high level of knowledge concerning SARS-CoV-2 pandemic among Greek health care workers and this is significantly associated with positive attitudes and practices towards preventive health measures. Only 1.7% of participants had a score of 0, suggesting that only few of the health care workers did not perform preventive practices aimed at SARS-CoV-2. The vast majority of the subjects included in the study had a high level of knowledge concerning SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission suggesting that most participants had been informed of COVID-19. Our study highlights a high level of knowledge concerning SARS-CoV-2 among Greek health care workers and this was significantly associated with positive attitudes and practices towards preventive health measures. cache = ./cache/cord-328784-9r5td4vy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-328784-9r5td4vy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-323898-054gv684 author = Khan, Anas A. title = Survival and Estimation of Direct Medical Costs of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Short Title: COVID-19 Survival and Cost in Saudi Arabia) date = 2020-10-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3345 sentences = 182 flesch = 55 summary = Objectives: Assess the survival of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients across age groups, sex, use of mechanical ventilators (MVs), nationality, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This high reported rate of hospitalization among COVID-19 cases may exacerbate the cost burden of viral respiratory infections in a country that was deeply affected by the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012, and resulted in a huge financial burden with an estimated direct medical cost per patient of SAR 48,551.36 (United States dollars (USD) 12,947.03) [13] . In light of the high rate of hospitalization among COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia, there is a need to identify different sociodemographic (e.g., age, sex) and medical (e.g., mechanical ventilator (MMV) use, ICU admission) status that might increase mortality risk. cache = ./cache/cord-323898-054gv684.txt txt = ./txt/cord-323898-054gv684.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-331718-rjggiklf author = Kubota, Takeo title = Epigenetic Effect of Environmental Factors on Autism Spectrum Disorders date = 2016-05-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4770 sentences = 243 flesch = 33 summary = Epigenetics, an essential mechanism for gene regulation based on chemical modifications of DNA and histone proteins, is also involved in congenital ASDs. It was recently demonstrated that environmental factors, such as endocrine disrupting chemicals and mental stress in early life, can change epigenetic status and gene expression, and can cause ASDs. Moreover, environmentally induced epigenetic changes are not erased during gametogenesis and are transmitted to subsequent generations, leading to changes in behavior phenotypes. These results suggest that close interaction between neuronal molecules and epigenetic molecules is important for normal brain development and failure of this interaction is potentially associated with ASDs. In this review, we introduce congenital epigenetic disorders with ASD-like phenotypes and environmental factors that affect epigenetic regulation of neuronal genes, and discuss transgenerational epigenetic inheritance and therapeutic strategies for ASDs taking advantage of use of the epigenetic reversibility. Rett syndrome (RTT) is a representative ASD characterized by repetitive and stereotypic hand movements, seizures, gait ataxia and autism [35] and is caused by mutations in the gene that encode methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2), which is associated with chromatin remodeling [36] . cache = ./cache/cord-331718-rjggiklf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-331718-rjggiklf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-326643-obfvi3ms author = Lo Giudice, Roberto title = The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Dentistry. Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice date = 2020-04-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4574 sentences = 293 flesch = 54 summary = Considering the virus' route of transmission, a specific protocol should be applied to reduce the risk of infection in addition to measures that prevent the spread of infection from a patient to another person or medical tools and equipment (cross-infection). Due to the transmission route, in addition to measures that prevent diffusion of the infection from a patient to another person or medical tools and equipment (cross-infection), it is advisable to add further airborne and contact precautions to the routine standard hygienic procedures in order to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, masks, visors, goggles, dental uniform, and surgical gown and shoes (see section on PPEs below). To reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, given how the disease spreads and the current health crisis, the following prevention measures are suggested in addition to what is already generally performed: cache = ./cache/cord-326643-obfvi3ms.txt txt = ./txt/cord-326643-obfvi3ms.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-327300-dvlb61tw author = Abu, Thelma Zulfawu title = When It Is Not Measured, How Then Will It Be Planned for? WaSH a Critical Indicator for Universal Health Coverage in Kenya date = 2020-08-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8737 sentences = 436 flesch = 39 summary = The quality and safety of healthcare facility (HCF) services are critical to achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and yet the WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring program for water supply, sanitation and hygiene report indicates that only 51% and 23% of HCF in Sub-Saharan Africa have basic access to water and sanitation, respectively. Therefore, this paper reviews the framing of WaSH in healthcare facilities in relevant global and country-level institutional documents (policies, legislations, guides, plans and monitoring tools) using Kenya as a case study. Guided by the political ecology of health theory this paper explored the framing of WaSH in healthcare facilities in relevant policies, guidelines, legislation, plans, monitoring and evaluation documents at the global and national context using Kenya as a case study. cache = ./cache/cord-327300-dvlb61tw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-327300-dvlb61tw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-332673-av2vt54r author = Alwashmi, Meshari F. title = The Use of Digital Health in the Detection and Management of COVID-19 date = 2020-04-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3021 sentences = 175 flesch = 44 summary = This commentary explores the potential of implementing digital technologies that can be used at different stages of the COVID-19 outbreak, including data-driven disease surveillance, screening, triage, diagnosis, and monitoring. During the outbreak of Ebola and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), digital health (DH) demonstrated its potential in detecting and fighting global epidemics [2] [3] [4] . This article reveals that digital technologies can be used at different stages of the COVID-19 outbreak, including data-driven disease surveillance, screening, triage, diagnosis, and monitoring. Online surveillance-mapping tools, such as the Surveillance and Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System (SORMAS) [9] , as well as HealthMap [10] , have the potential to improve the early detection of infectious diseases in comparison to traditional epidemiological tools [2] . The app has the potential to include real-time updates of evidence-based guidelines during a global pandemic to inform the general population and healthcare providers. cache = ./cache/cord-332673-av2vt54r.txt txt = ./txt/cord-332673-av2vt54r.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-325722-ixozph19 author = Yip, Paul title = Optimal Strategies for Reducing Number of People in the Social Security System date = 2020-02-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7496 sentences = 357 flesch = 58 summary = The results indicate that by tailoring measures to specific subgroups, the overall number of CSSA recipients would be reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of Hong Kong's social security system, which has accounted for more than 16.5% of Hong Kong government expenditure in 2018, amounting to more than HKD 92 billion. It is important to consider whether the "entering approach" is indeed more effective than the "leaving approach" in reducing the number of CSSA recipients in Hong Kong. From these results, it seems that preventing people aged 20-29 from entering the CSSA system has a larger impact; that is, the "entering" approach would be more effective in reducing the number of CSSA recipients in 2014. The propose model provides empirical evidence to identify the potential target groups of people that would lead to the largest reduction in the number of the CSSA recipients in the Hong Kong Social Security System. cache = ./cache/cord-325722-ixozph19.txt txt = ./txt/cord-325722-ixozph19.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-323372-770sos8m author = Glenn, Jeffrey title = Considering the Potential Health Impacts of Electric Scooters: An Analysis of User Reported Behaviors in Provo, Utah date = 2020-08-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7623 sentences = 401 flesch = 60 summary = title: Considering the Potential Health Impacts of Electric Scooters: An Analysis of User Reported Behaviors in Provo, Utah Stand-up electric scooters (e-scooters), two-wheeled vehicles with a small electric motor and a thin deck on which a single rider stands, are a relatively new micro-mobility option for urban areas and have the potential for both positive and negative health impacts [2] [3] [4] . The aim of this study is to explore the health-related behaviors of e-scooter users in Provo, Utah four months after an e-scooter share program was introduced. This finding is particularly relevant for Provo City, a place with problematic winter air pollution and whose primary motivation for introducing e-scooters was to provide a green alternative to motor vehicles; yet, considering disposability issues and emissions due to collecting and placement of e-scooters, important questions remain about the full environmental impact and its implications for health. cache = ./cache/cord-323372-770sos8m.txt txt = ./txt/cord-323372-770sos8m.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-326851-0jxdnm1l author = Lee, Sang M. title = Lessons Learned from Battling COVID-19: The Korean Experience date = 2020-10-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9665 sentences = 461 flesch = 49 summary = Results: Korea's success rests on its readiness, with the capacity for massive testing and obtaining prompt test results, effective contact tracing based on its world-leading mobile technologies, timely provision of personal protective equipment (PPE) to first responders, effective treatment of infected patients, and invoking citizens' community and civic conscience for the shared goal of defeating the pandemic. More specifically, this study has the following objectives: (1) To analyze Korean experiences with cases where healthcare facilities failed to prevent previous infectious diseases from spreading, and how these failures served the government in devising effective approaches to encounter the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) To dissect cases that showed innovative and successful response measures to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic, and (3) To elaborate on suggestions for crisis management based on the lessons learned from these COVID-19 response cases in Korea. cache = ./cache/cord-326851-0jxdnm1l.txt txt = ./txt/cord-326851-0jxdnm1l.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-332977-884z6qrq author = Ehrlich, Rodney title = Current Guidelines for Protecting Health Workers from Occupational Tuberculosis Are Necessary, but Not Sufficient: Towards a Comprehensive Occupational Health Approach date = 2020-06-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5196 sentences = 236 flesch = 39 summary = Barriers to IPC implementation vary with the study design and questions asked, but cover the whole gamut: lack of a national regulatory framework and associated budget; lack of management support; unfamiliarity of staff with IPC guidelines; failure to triage or screen patients; insufficient infrastructure and equipment, such as isolation spaces and personal protective equipment (PPE); deficient ventilation; inadequate staffing and training; poor functioning of infection control committees; and neglect of exposed non-clinical staff. A review across Botswana, Zambia, and South Africa of laws relevant to reduction of TB transmission adopted a systems view by focusing on regulations governing national legal and policy frameworks; facility design, construction, and use; patients' and health workers' rights; and research, as well as the monitoring of infection control measures and TB surveillance among health workers. Health Care Worker Perspectives on workplace safety, infection control and drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high burden HIV setting cache = ./cache/cord-332977-884z6qrq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-332977-884z6qrq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-329536-3xsncmyi author = Passos, Lígia title = Impact on Mental Health Due to COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study in Portugal and Brazil date = 2020-09-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4367 sentences = 256 flesch = 55 summary = This study aimed to describe the mental health status of the general adult population in Portugal and Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic and analyze the differences between the two countries. Socio-demographic and other factors: variables assessed included age, gender, country of residence (Portugal or Brazil), marital status, educational level, employment status, social isolation self-label, duration of social isolation, living arrangements during social isolation, diagnosis of COVID-19, alcohol consumption and alcohol addiction measured by the presence of two or more positive answers to the four-item CAGE (acronym cut-annoyed-guilty-eye) Questionnaire [33, 34] translated and validated for the Portuguese language [35] . To the extent of the authors' knowledge, the present study is the first to analyze the mental health status of the general adult population in Portugal and Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-329536-3xsncmyi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-329536-3xsncmyi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-332828-a4ck2ddp author = Alboaneen, Dabiah title = Predicting the Epidemiological Outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Saudi Arabia date = 2020-06-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2888 sentences = 165 flesch = 57 summary = We used two models: the Logistic Growth and the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered for real-time forecasting the confirmed cases of COVID-19 across Saudi Arabia. This article aims to give a local prediction of the epidemic peak for COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia by using the real-time data from 2 March 2020 to 15 May 2020. In [18] , a mathematical model was developed to predict the effects of implementing government restrictions to contain COVID-19 epidemic on the number of infection cases in China. We present predictions for reported cases of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia from 2 March to 15 May 2020 using mathematical modeling and simulation. Predicting the cumulative number of cases for the COVID-19 epidemic in China from early data Estimating the unreported number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) cases in China in the first half of January 2020: A data-driven Modelling analysis of the early outbreak cache = ./cache/cord-332828-a4ck2ddp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-332828-a4ck2ddp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-334282-8fni03cj author = Arvelo, Enrique title = Assessing the Distribution of Elderly Requiring Care: A Case Study on the Residents in Barcelona and the Impact of COVID-19 date = 2020-10-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8193 sentences = 396 flesch = 56 summary = Additionally, we found that the number of cases in each neighborhood was more correlated to the number of elderly people in the neighborhood than it was to the number of beds in assisted living or day care facilities in the neighborhood, despite the negative impact of COVID-19 cases on the reputation of this kind of center. A few publicly available variables that would be interesting to analyze to gauge the demand for elderly care in Barcelona are the Total Population, RFID (Spanish acronym of disposable household income index), Elderly Population, Elderly Population Living Alone, and Disabled Elderly Population. A few publicly available variables that would be interesting to analyze to gauge the demand for elderly care in Barcelona are the Total Population, RFID (Spanish acronym of disposable household income index), Elderly Population, Elderly Population Living Alone, and Disabled Elderly Population. cache = ./cache/cord-334282-8fni03cj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-334282-8fni03cj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-332387-rmmmhrjy author = Ma, Chang-Jin title = Air Quality Variation in Wuhan, Daegu, and Tokyo during the Explosive Outbreak of COVID-19 and Its Health Effects date = 2020-06-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6582 sentences = 388 flesch = 67 summary = This study was designed to assess the variation of the air quality actually measured from the air pollution monitoring stations (AQMS) in three cities (Wuhan, Daegu, and Tokyo), in Asian countries experiencing the explosive outbreak of COVID-19, in a short period of time. Wuhan, which had the largest decrease of PM(2.5) concentration due to COVID-19, also marked the largest reduced Dose(PM)(2.5 10-year-old children) (μg) (3660 μg at Br. and 6222 μg at AI), followed by Daegu (445 μg at Br. and 1287 μg at AI), and Tokyo (18 μg at Br. and 52 μg at AI), over two months after the city lockdown/self-reflection. In this study, the air quality variation with the trend of COVID-19 at Wuhan in China, Daegu in South Korea, and Tokyo in Japan experienced explosive outbreaks in a short period of time, which was estimated based on the actual measured data from air pollution monitoring stations (AQMS). cache = ./cache/cord-332387-rmmmhrjy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-332387-rmmmhrjy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-333015-xgudk2h0 author = Della Polla, Giorgia title = Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Infectious Diseases Related to Travel of Community Pharmacists in Italy date = 2020-03-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4411 sentences = 196 flesch = 48 summary = Pharmacists who worked a higher number of hours per week, were more knowledgeable about the more frequent infectious diseases related to travel, believed that travel medicine was a pharmacist competency, believed that they could give advice to the public, and had received information from scientific journals and educational activities were more likely to have this positive attitude. Therefore, to enhance the existing information, the current study investigated the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards infectious diseases related to travel and their influencing factors among community pharmacists in Italy. The results of the multivariate linear regression model, built to test the variables associated with this outcome of interest, showed that pharmacists who worked a higher number of hours for week, those who had a higher level of knowledge about the more frequent infectious diseases related to travel, those who believed that travel medicine is a pharmacists' competence, those who believed that they could give advice to the public about travel medicine, and those who had received information from scientific journals and educational activities compared with those who did not receive any information were more likely to believe that it is important to provide information to the public about travel medicine (Model 2 in Table 2 ). cache = ./cache/cord-333015-xgudk2h0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-333015-xgudk2h0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-332496-xxz6qd3i author = Jiménez, Óliver title = Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Confinement and Its Relationship with Meditation date = 2020-09-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3914 sentences = 184 flesch = 49 summary = The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychological impact of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, considering any protective factors, such as the practice of meditation or self-compassion, and their relationship with different lifestyles and circumstances of adults residing in Spain. A cross-sectional study was done using an anonymous online survey in which 412 participants filled out the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-2; the Impact of Events Scale; and the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form, reporting severe symptomatology of posttraumatic stress and mild anxiety and depression. In spite of these limitations, the results of this study provide important information on the psychological and social impact of the first three weeks of a COVID-19 quarantine period, including that self-compassion might be an important protective factor, and may be used as a reference in future epidemics or outbreaks of the virus that provoke similar short or long-term situations to generate hypotheses for improvement of prevention and intervention. cache = ./cache/cord-332496-xxz6qd3i.txt txt = ./txt/cord-332496-xxz6qd3i.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-334638-au5sqzxw author = Dores, Artemisa R. title = The Use of New Digital Information and Communication Technologies in Psychological Counseling during the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-10-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7908 sentences = 312 flesch = 36 summary = The aims of this work were to (a) analyze how the attitudes of professionals in the field of psychology have changed in relation to the use of ICTs in the context of psychological monitoring during the lockdown; (b) assess whether the practice of psychological counseling and therapy includes greater use of ICTs during the lockdown period; (c) identify the factors that potentially have affected such changes; and (d) study the possible adoption of guidelines for at-distance psychological monitoring by psychologists who are using ICTs during the period of physical distance This study aimed to explore psychologists' attitudes and practices related with the use of ICTs before and during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period, for identification of the main changes that have occurred in the provision of counseling and therapy. cache = ./cache/cord-334638-au5sqzxw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-334638-au5sqzxw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-334711-58ygbyiz author = Hernández-Sánchez, Brizeida Raquel title = Psychological Factors that Lessen the Impact of COVID-19 on the Self-Employment Intention of Business Administration and Economics’ Students from Latin America date = 2020-07-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8579 sentences = 470 flesch = 32 summary = To meet these goals, we conducted an explorative study with a sample of college students to examine the effects of Covid-19 pandemic perception, psychological need satisfaction, proactiveness, and optimism are in entrepreneurial intentions. This research will focus on four characteristics, namely proactiveness, optimism, the Covid-19 pandemic perception, and psychological need satisfaction, to quantify the relationship between these four traits of the students and their entrepreneurial intention. First, through a representative sample of Latin American university students, this study aims to analyze the relationships between proactiveness, optimism, Covid-19 pandemic perception, psychological need satisfaction, and entrepreneurial intention in an adverse situation, as it is this current pandemic. Second, the current study focuses primarily on how the Covid-19 pandemic perception and need satisfaction mediate the predictive effects of student proactivity and optimism on entrepreneurial intention. cache = ./cache/cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-334889-mn8ctg6x author = Song, Yang title = Current Evidence on Traditional Chinese Exercise for Cancers: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials date = 2020-07-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4799 sentences = 240 flesch = 51 summary = Despite the methodological limitation and relatively high risk of bias possessed by some included studies, positive evidence was still detected on the effects of TCE on these cancer-related health outcomes in physical, psychological, and physiological parameters. (3) Types of interventions: Studies where TCE (e.g., Qigong, Tai Chi Chuan, and Baduanjin) was applied in the intervention group were included, but there is no restriction on the control group where usual care, low-intensity exercises, health education, or psychological therapy can be used. (3) Types of interventions: Studies where TCE (e.g., Qigong, Tai Chi Chuan, and Baduanjin) was applied in the intervention group were included, but there is no restriction on the control group where usual care, low-intensity exercises, health education, or psychological therapy can be used. They reported that a 12-week Yang-style Tai Chi Chuan intervention for three times per week with 60 min per time can exert more positive effects on bone health of breast cancer patients. cache = ./cache/cord-334889-mn8ctg6x.txt txt = ./txt/cord-334889-mn8ctg6x.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-337316-ialg7d7e author = Cori, Liliana title = Risk Perception of Air Pollution: A Systematic Review Focused on Particulate Matter Exposure date = 2020-09-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9406 sentences = 469 flesch = 46 summary = To systematically examine the articles selected, the explored dimensions of perception (understanding/sensorial perception; reactions/psychological consequences; reactions/physical consequences; behaviors) were categorized by 20 features (awareness; belief; knowledge; concern; risk perception; worry; fear; outrage; familiarity; trust; annoyance; anxiety; life quality change; self-reported health symptoms; avoidance of the problem; search for information; exposure reduction; proactivity; request for action; and acceptance). Cross-sectional study by questionnaire to evaluate relationships between concern on health effects of air pollution and personal and environmental factors. The results of this analysis, presented in Table 2 , showed that for "understanding" (44) , most of the articles focused on awareness (32); for "reactions/psychological" (48), more represented risk perception (23); for "reactions/physical" (44) , the declared symptoms were most represented (26); and for "behaviours" (38) , exposure reduction (13) and search for information (12) were the most represented. People, place and pollution: Investigating relationships between air quality perceptions, health concerns, exposure, and individual-and area-level characteristics cache = ./cache/cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt txt = ./txt/cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-337581-3rmrkq1k author = Ramos-Morcillo, Antonio Jesús title = Experiences of Nursing Students during the Abrupt Change from Face-to-Face to e-Learning Education during the First Month of Confinement Due to COVID-19 in Spain date = 2020-07-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6826 sentences = 399 flesch = 64 summary = The objective of this study was to discover the learning experiences and the expectations about the changes in education, in light of the abrupt change from face-to-face to e-learning education, of nursing students enrolled in the Bachelor's and Master's degree of two public Spanish universities during the first month of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The experiences found were differentiated according to the group of students, depending if they had or not practice-based subjects during the education period affected by the state of alarm, the proximity to ending their training as nurses, or if they were health professionals who were conducting post-graduate studies. cache = ./cache/cord-337581-3rmrkq1k.txt txt = ./txt/cord-337581-3rmrkq1k.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-336614-u6alc6rs author = Pérez-Belmonte, Luis M. title = Differences between Clinical Protocols for the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Andalusia, Spain date = 2020-09-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4737 sentences = 245 flesch = 35 summary = Antiviral treatment, empirical antibacterial agents, adjunctive therapies, anticoagulant treatment, supportive care (oxygen, intravenous fluids, monitoring, high-flow nasal oxygen/noninvasive ventilation, and mechanical ventilation, among others), dosage, method of administration and duration of treatment, drug side effects and interactions, nonrecommended treatment or recommendation for other drugs, hospital circuits, ward organization and care planning, and discharge recommendations were collected from all clinical protocols for COVID-19. This study showed that the COVID-19 protocols of the largest hospitals in Andalusia (Spain) varied widely in several aspects, including antiviral treatment: they used different dosages, durations, and combinations of treatment for the same clinical condition. Several randomized clinical trials on tocilizumab, either alone or in combination, in patients with COVID-19 with severe pneumonia are underway, and its use was included in the Chinese national treatment guidelines [30, 31] . cache = ./cache/cord-336614-u6alc6rs.txt txt = ./txt/cord-336614-u6alc6rs.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338580-zszeldfv author = Chang, Yu-Kai title = Exercise Behavior and Mood during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Lessons for the Future date = 2020-09-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6620 sentences = 320 flesch = 41 summary = This study aims to explore the influence of COVID-19 on exercise behavior and its impact on mood states, as well as predict changes in exercise behavior during a similar future pandemic in Taiwan. Those who exercised for 2-3 days per week prepandemic and were able to maintain their exercise frequency, had higher mood states compared to those who decreased their exercise frequency to one day or less during the COVID-19 pandemic (b pre2:during1-2 = −0.25, p < 0.01). Exercise frequency during the COVID-19 pandemic had no significant effect on mood states for those who exercised one day or less prepandemic (p > 0.05). In general, higher frequencies of exercise during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in better mood states. Our study is the first study conducted to investigate the changes in exercise behavior and mood states during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan. cache = ./cache/cord-338580-zszeldfv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338580-zszeldfv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338578-e0aiknb6 author = Patel, Kajal title = Applying the WHO ICF Framework to the Outcome Measures Used in the Evaluation of Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Coronavirus Outbreaks date = 2020-09-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3937 sentences = 201 flesch = 46 summary = (2) Methods: EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO were systematically searched for original studies assessing clinical outcomes in adult survivors of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS), middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS) and coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) after hospital discharge. (4) Conclusions: We recommend future COVID-19 follow-up studies to use the ICF framework to select a combination of outcome measures that capture all the components for a better understanding of the impact on survivors and planning interventions to maximize functional return. The aim of this systematic review is to identify outcome measures which have been used in follow-up studies in the coronavirus outbreaks, including SARS in 2002 and MERS in 2012 [21] , and to classify them using the ICF model. In conclusion, we are proposing an ICF-based framework to assist researchers in selecting outcome measures for future follow-up studies of COVID-19 survivors. cache = ./cache/cord-338578-e0aiknb6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338578-e0aiknb6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-337219-d81v8b4j author = Cheong, Chang Heon title = Case Study of Airborne Pathogen Dispersion Patterns in Emergency Departments with Different Ventilation and Partition Conditions date = 2018-03-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7181 sentences = 354 flesch = 51 summary = Simulation cases for analysis were established, as shown in Table 3 , to conduct a case study that analyzed the range of airborne pathogen dispersion according to the location of diffusers in the bed area of the ED, the ventilation rate, and the installation of partitions between beds. Simulation cases for analysis were established, as shown in Table 3 , to conduct a case study that analyzed the range of airborne pathogen dispersion according to the location of diffusers in the bed area of the ED, the ventilation rate, and the installation of partitions between beds. Simulation cases for analysis were established, as shown in Table 3 , to conduct a case study that analyzed the range of airborne pathogen dispersion according to the location of diffusers in the bed area of the ED, the ventilation rate, and the installation of partitions between beds. cache = ./cache/cord-337219-d81v8b4j.txt txt = ./txt/cord-337219-d81v8b4j.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-339401-jv0rse14 author = Beeston, Clare title = Evaluation of Minimum Unit Pricing of Alcohol: A Mixed Method Natural Experiment in Scotland date = 2020-05-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5033 sentences = 232 flesch = 44 summary = The evaluation uses a mixed methods portfolio of in-house, commissioned, and separately funded studies to assess the impact of MUP across multiple intended and unintended outcomes related to compliance, the alcoholic drinks industry, consumption, and health and social harms. MUP in the form it takes in Scotland has not been implemented elsewhere and it is important to add to the evidence base on the impact and experience on alcohol pricing policies across a range of outcomes. Scotland was the first country to introduce MUP and the evaluation will add to the international evidence on impact and experience of alcohol pricing policy across a broad range of outcomes. Public Health Scotland is leading this evaluation, working with in-house, commissioned, and separately funded research teams to deliver a mixed methods portfolio of studies designed to evidence the impact of MUP on important outcomes, to understand the lived experience of key groups exposed to MUP and to explore the mechanisms by which changes occur. cache = ./cache/cord-339401-jv0rse14.txt txt = ./txt/cord-339401-jv0rse14.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-339517-93nuovsj author = Consolo, Ugo title = Epidemiological Aspects and Psychological Reactions to COVID-19 of Dental Practitioners in the Northern Italy Districts of Modena and Reggio Emilia date = 2020-05-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5652 sentences = 268 flesch = 49 summary = The one-way ANOVA showed a main effect of age group for perceived patient's likelihood of contracting the infection (F 2,353 -Statistic = 1157, p < 0.001), and reported levels of concern about the professional future ( To the question "During clinical activity, which measures do you use to prevent COVID-19 infection?", dentists replied highlighting a good knowledge of what is reported in the most recent indications from the literature. To the question "Which aids do you think could help dental professionals during COVID-19 pandemic?", for which two preferences could be expressed, the dentists replied indicating "Economic relieves from Italian government" (65.7%), "Social security institutions support and subsidy" (44.1%)," Economic relieves from dental associations" (32.1%) and "Improvement of communication with patients" (8.1%). cache = ./cache/cord-339517-93nuovsj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-339517-93nuovsj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-339324-ab0ecwvw author = Moret-Tatay, Carmen title = Profiles on the Orientation Discrimination Processing of Human Faces date = 2020-08-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4547 sentences = 264 flesch = 51 summary = For example, studies have developed dendrograms from the hierarchy clustering analysis based on the strength of functional connectivity among the face-selective specified regions of interest (or ROI's) when the participants performed a face recognition task [39] . For example, studies have developed dendrograms from the hierarchy clustering analysis based on the strength of functional connectivity among the face-selective specified regions of interest (or ROI's) when the participants performed a face recognition task [39] . The results can be described as follows: first, it is possible to identify performance profiles in visual recognition of faces that differ in position in terms of reaction times, not accuracy; secondly, results suggest a bias towards the left. The results can be described as follows: first, it is possible to identify performance profiles in visual recognition of faces that differ in position in terms of reaction times, not accuracy; secondly, results suggest a bias towards the left. cache = ./cache/cord-339324-ab0ecwvw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-339324-ab0ecwvw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-339835-ze9ay2rm author = Daphna-Tekoah, Shir title = Listening to Hospital Personnel’s Narratives during the COVID-19 Outbreak date = 2020-09-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7906 sentences = 381 flesch = 54 summary = As a means to address the changing needs of our hospital's HCWs, we conducted a narrative analysis study in the early stages of the covid-19 outbreak. By paying close attention the narratives of the hospital staff, we were able to address an additional aim, namely, to initiate the establishment of a data-based foundation for both immediate and future interventions, thereby expanding knowledge regarding the psychological mechanisms and strategies that front-line personnel use to cope with exposure to traumatic situations. Sharon, a nurse, summed up this opinion very succinctly as: "Corona-it is not extra work, it is completely different work." Against the background of this commonly held perspective, the third stage of the Listening Guide analytic technique nonetheless enabled us, the interviewers, to identify multiple voices that revealed different aspects of HCWs' experiences and needs, including their attitudes towards the coronavirus pandemic, the staff and the hospital, and their own needs. cache = ./cache/cord-339835-ze9ay2rm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-339835-ze9ay2rm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-339503-nutc1mvz author = Pan, Wenyan title = Synthetic Evaluation of China’s Regional Low-Carbon Economy Challenges by Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response Model date = 2020-07-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7259 sentences = 363 flesch = 52 summary = title: Synthetic Evaluation of China's Regional Low-Carbon Economy Challenges by Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response Model The combination of DPSIR with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is a useful method to study low-carbon evaluation because the AHP model has a special advantage in multi-indexes evaluation. This paper constructs the low-carbon economy evaluation system and comprehensively evaluates the numerical value of low-carbon economic development of China's 30 regions from 2000 to 2015 by using the AHP method. It is indicated that the four sub-indexes should be developed at the same pace and promoting the development of a low-carbon economy in the mid-west areas is the key in China. Firstly, the analytical framework of a low-carbon economy system is constructed, in which the DPSIR model is used considering human needs, social progress, economic development, energy demand, carbon emissions, resource status, low-carbon consumption and economic development. where T represents the development degree of the comprehensive evaluation index, which is the reflection of the development level of low-carbon economy. cache = ./cache/cord-339503-nutc1mvz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-339503-nutc1mvz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-340128-qxkopvot author = Schreibauer, Elena Christina title = Work-Related Psychosocial Stress in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: An Integrative Review date = 2020-10-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6974 sentences = 397 flesch = 48 summary = Conclusions: This review underlines the need for more and better quality research of psychosocial factors in SMEs, particularly in relation to ongoing and new challenges in the workplace, including stressors related to the process of digitalization or the development of safe working conditions during the emerge of new infectious diseases. The reviews did, however, not specifically focus on the situation of employers and employees working in SMEs. Furthermore, the Joint German Occupational Safety and Health Strategy (GDA) published recommendations for implementing psychosocial risk assessments listing five work patterns (i.e., work characteristics) that have been identified as primary stress factors in the workplace [39] : To the best of our knowledge, this review is the first to summarize and categorize the current evidence on work-related psychosocial demands with a specific focus on small and medium sized enterprises to identify gaps in current knowledge and provide a systematic overview of which psychosocial factors, outcomes and economic sectors have been considered to date. cache = ./cache/cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt txt = ./txt/cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-340545-mgq3a4t9 author = Mead, Darryl title = Aligning the “Manifesto for a European Research Network into Problematic Usage of the Internet” with the Diverse Needs of the Professional and Consumer Communities Affected by Problematic Usage of Pornography date = 2020-05-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10514 sentences = 544 flesch = 48 summary = This paper uses the Manifesto's framework to suggest research areas into the problematic usage of pornography which are of particular relevance to clinicians and other professionals working in the field who want to develop approaches to assist individuals and target groups affected by PUP. The clinical aspects of some Internet-related behaviours appear phenomenologically much like addiction (e.g., gambling or viewing pornography), and demonstrate impaired control (unsuccessful attempts to reduce or cease the behaviour), preoccupation (craving), associated functional impairment ( For problematic online sexual behaviour (e.g., cybersex), three structural elements have been highlighted as being important contributors per the so-termed Triple A Model involving: accessibility, affordability, and anonymity (Cooper, 1998; Cooper et al., 1999) , though more research is needed on this topic (Brand et al., 2016a; Wery and Billieux, 2017) . This paper sets out to determine "what topics should be included within future research proposals under the Manifesto to meet the diverse needs of consumers, recovery communities and professionals impacted by the problematic use of pornography"? cache = ./cache/cord-340545-mgq3a4t9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-340545-mgq3a4t9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-341616-ts98sfxx author = Yang, Yang title = Public Voice via Social Media: Role in Cooperative Governance during Public Health Emergency date = 2020-09-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9961 sentences = 490 flesch = 43 summary = This qualitive study uses China's Health Code policy under COVID-19 to explore why the public performs voice behavior on social media and how this influences policy evolution and product innovation through cooperative governance. What is more, as a form of public participation in cooperative governance, public voice plays a significant role in promoting policy evolution and product innovation, and represents a useful form of cooperation with governments and enterprises to jointly maintain social stability under public health emergencies This study adopts a dynamic research perspective, and takes the dynamic evolution of health codes policy as an example, focusing on exploring how public voice promoted the improvement of products by enterprises and the implementation of policies by the government under a public health emergency. As shown in Figure 1 , the dynamic mechanism of public voice behavior to promote policy implementation and evolution in public health emergencies is as follows: First, under the guidance of the government, enterprises participate in the development of policy and design products to assist policy implementation with advanced technologies. cache = ./cache/cord-341616-ts98sfxx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-341616-ts98sfxx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-341620-nmrkhx5t author = Chirico, Francesco title = Can Air-Conditioning Systems Contribute to the Spread of SARS/MERS/COVID-19 Infection? Insights from a Rapid Review of the Literature date = 2020-08-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4577 sentences = 241 flesch = 44 summary = Therefore, to evaluate the COVID-19 risk associated with the presence of air-conditioning systems, we conducted a rapid review of the literature concerning outbreaks of coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) in indoor environments. We utilized the participants-exposure-comparisons-outcome (PECOS) criteria, and we defined them according to evidence-based practice [32] -P (participants) is human subjects residing in indoor environments, E (exposure) is exposed to air-conditioning systems (HVAC), C (comparisons) is any comparison between the pathogens under study, and O (outcome) is respiratory infection outbreaks caused by SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, or SARS CoV-2. A retrospective study of on outbreak involving 74 patients in the same hospital indicated that the rapid evaporation of the droplets produced by coughing in a relatively dry, air-conditioned environment, could also induce virus-laden aerosol, which was probably responsible for spreading the infection to patients who were not in the same room [35] . cache = ./cache/cord-341620-nmrkhx5t.txt txt = ./txt/cord-341620-nmrkhx5t.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-340889-ff35696d author = Ko, Nai-Ying title = Changes in Sex Life among People in Taiwan during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Roles of Risk Perception, General Anxiety, and Demographic Characteristics date = 2020-08-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5562 sentences = 250 flesch = 46 summary = The associations of change in sex life with risk perception of COVID-19, general anxiety, gender, age, and sexual orientation were also examined. Given that the COVID-19 is a novel respiratory infectious disease resulting in global impacts on human lives worldwide, additional studies are required on whether risk perception of COVID-19 and general anxiety are significantly associated with changes in sex life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, we examined the associations of gender, age, sexual orientation, risk perception of COVID-19, and general anxiety with changes in sex life. The present study found that risk perception, general anxiety, gender, age, and sexual orientation related to various aspects of changes in sex life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Risk perception of COVID-19, general anxiety, gender, age, and sexual orientation were associated with greater change in various aspects of an individual's sex life. cache = ./cache/cord-340889-ff35696d.txt txt = ./txt/cord-340889-ff35696d.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-341661-sokoghh1 author = Ahmed, Muhammad Adeel title = Fear and Practice Modifications among Dentists to Combat Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak date = 2020-04-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4613 sentences = 225 flesch = 48 summary = The current study was conducted to assess anxiety and fear of getting infected among dentists while working during the current novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) outbreak. Considering the current rapid spread of infection, the American Dental Association (ADA) highlighted key steps to be taken by dentists in addition to the standard universal precautions such as taking patients' recent travel history; assessing signs and symptoms of RTI; recording patients' body temperature; mouth rinsing with 1% hydrogen peroxide prior to commencement of any procedure; using a rubber dam and high volume suction during procedures; and frequently cleaning and disinfecting public contact areas including door handles, chairs and, washrooms [13] . The present cross-sectional study reported the anxiety and fear of getting infected among dentists while working during the current viral outbreak. cache = ./cache/cord-341661-sokoghh1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-341661-sokoghh1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-340882-why0t9ld author = Carneiro, Lara title = The Effects of Exclusively Resistance Training-Based Supervised Programs in People with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials date = 2020-09-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8036 sentences = 401 flesch = 47 summary = title: The Effects of Exclusively Resistance Training-Based Supervised Programs in People with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Specifically, evidence-based recommendations for the prescription of exercise for patients with major depressive disorders (MDDs) propose interventions of 2-3 sessions of supervised aerobic and/or aerobic and resistance training exercise of 45-60 min duration with moderate intensity per week [7] , although it has been suggested that the volume of training may be more relevant than frequency [16] . [26] , the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-HAM-D-by Hamilton [27] , the Geriatric Depression Scale-GDS-of Yesavage [28] ), but without other major disease (e.g., Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, cancer, dementia); (ii) Only supervised exclusively resistance training-based interventions were considered, with minimal warm-up activities outside the scope of the main exercise mode; Comparators were control groups not performing any training protocol and/or supervised contrast groups also performing an alternative exercise program (i.e., yoga, stretching, aerobic exercise); Outcomes were any effects on performance, health and quality of life; Study design was limited to randomized controlled trials (RCTs). cache = ./cache/cord-340882-why0t9ld.txt txt = ./txt/cord-340882-why0t9ld.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-341105-3uvbfp8c author = Li, Dian-Jeng title = COVID-19-Related Factors Associated with Sleep Disturbance and Suicidal Thoughts among the Taiwanese Public: A Facebook Survey date = 2020-06-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4408 sentences = 216 flesch = 46 summary = Their self-reported experience of sleep disturbance and suicidal thoughts in the previous week were collected along with a number of COVID-19-related factors, including level of worry, change in social interaction and daily lives, any academic/occupational interference, levels of social and specific support, and self-reported physical health. The results demonstrated that current sleep disturbance was significantly associated with several factors, including younger age (cOR = 0.99; p = 0.002), more severe worry about COVID-19 (cOR = 1.07; p < 0.001), more severe impact of COVID-19 on social interaction (cOR = 1.14; p = 0.001), lower perceived social support (cOR = 0.87; p < 0.001), lower self-reported physical health (cOR = 0.76; p < 0.001), higher academic/occupational interference (cOR = 1.20; p < 0.001), lower COVID-19-specified support (cOR = 0.85; p < 0.001), and more household disinfection (cOR = 1.23; p = 0.03). cache = ./cache/cord-341105-3uvbfp8c.txt txt = ./txt/cord-341105-3uvbfp8c.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-342415-j3fv7u2d author = Dietler, Dominik title = Inclusion of Health in Impact Assessment: A Review of Current Practice in Sub-Saharan Africa date = 2020-06-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6348 sentences = 395 flesch = 48 summary = The examination of the final sample of 44 IA reports revealed a heavy focus on environmental health determinants and included health outcomes were often limited to a few aspects, such as HIV, malaria and injuries. Category A projects, such as most large-scale mining projects, are required to conduct a comprehensive IA, including a thorough assessment and data collection for informing potential health impacts [40, 42] . For each report section (e.g., baseline, impact assessment, mitigation measures and monitoring plan), information on the inclusion of different health aspects was extracted. This comprehensive review of IA reports of mining projects in SSA points at three main shortfalls of current IA practice: (i) lack of transparency; (ii) narrow scope of considered health aspects, with a strong focus on the physical environment; and (iii) lack of local-level primary data collection on health outcomes. cache = ./cache/cord-342415-j3fv7u2d.txt txt = ./txt/cord-342415-j3fv7u2d.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-343701-x5rghsbs author = Zhao, Yu-Feng title = Prediction of the Number of Patients Infected with COVID-19 Based on Rolling Grey Verhulst Models date = 2020-06-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5030 sentences = 241 flesch = 53 summary = Based on data from 21 January to 20 February 2020, six rolling grey Verhulst models were built using 7-, 8and 9-day data sequences to predict the daily growth trend of the number of patients confirmed with COVID-19 infection in China. On this basis, a rolling grey Verhulst model and its derived models were established to predict the change trend of the number of cases of COVID-19 infection in China. Based on a rolling mechanism, the rolling grey Verhulst model and its derived models for predicting the number of patients infected with COVID-19 in China were constructed by adding the latest data and removing the earliest data. The results showed that the rolling grey Verhulst model and its derived models could accurately predict the changes in the number of confirmed patients in China. cache = ./cache/cord-343701-x5rghsbs.txt txt = ./txt/cord-343701-x5rghsbs.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-346258-xlyi0cnl author = Radic, Aleksandar title = Connected at Sea: The Influence of the Internet and Online Communication on the Well-Being and Life Satisfaction of Cruise Ship Employees date = 2020-04-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8654 sentences = 426 flesch = 41 summary = Although significant amounts of research have been done on the positive effects of Internet and online communication on social pressure [12] , fear of missing out [13] , relatedness to friends and family need satisfaction [14] , perceived social support [15] , well-being [16] and life satisfaction [17] , these effects were never studied in the peculiar environment of a cruise ship where life and work contexts are so intertwined such that the distinction between one and the other is blurred [18] . We reviewed existing theory and previous studies on the effects of the Internet and online communication on social pressure, fear of missing out, Internet multitasking and relatedness to friends and family need satisfaction. The goal of the current study was to investigate and model complex mutual interactions the Internet and online communication had on social pressure, fear of missing out, internet multitasking and relatedness to friends and family need satisfaction, perceived social support, well-being and life satisfaction of cruise ship employees. cache = ./cache/cord-346258-xlyi0cnl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-346258-xlyi0cnl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-343767-nnx8adtl author = Liu, Ziyuan title = Path Optimization of Medical Waste Transport Routes in the Emergent Public Health Event of COVID-19: A Hybrid Optimization Algorithm Based on the Immune–Ant Colony Algorithm date = 2020-08-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6143 sentences = 304 flesch = 50 summary = To a certain extent, the model and the algorithm are proposed to solve the problem of medical waste disposal, based on transit temporary storage stations, which we are convinced will have far-reaching significance for China and other countries to dispatch medical waste in response to such public health emergencies. In this paper, the immune algorithm, the q-value method, and the improved ant colony algorithm are applied to the model to solve the path planning problem of the transport of medical waste. The studies of this paper are to establish a number of transport stations and an efficient medical waste transport model between hospitals and transport stations and, eventually, optimize the transportation paths. For the path optimization problem between the transport station and the hospitals, we used the ant colony optimization algorithm and the tabu search algorithm to solve it, which is a vehicle routing problem with load constraints (CVRP). cache = ./cache/cord-343767-nnx8adtl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-343767-nnx8adtl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-345991-d26y5291 author = Jing, Jane Lee Jia title = Hand Sanitizers: A Review on Formulation Aspects, Adverse Effects, and Regulations date = 2020-05-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6486 sentences = 402 flesch = 48 summary = To date, most of the effective hand sanitizer products are alcohol-based formulations containing 62%–95% of alcohol as it can denature the proteins of microbes and the ability to inactivate viruses. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends alcohol-based hand sanitizer (ABHS) in line with the proven advantages of their rapid action and a broad spectrum of microbicidal activity offering protection against bacteria and viruses. Data were extracted by two authors based on the To date, most effective hand sanitizer products are alcohol-based formulations containing 62%-95% of alcohol as it is capable of denaturing the proteins of microbes and inactivating viruses [19, 20] . Alcohols have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against most vegetative forms of bacteria (including Mycobacterium tuberculosis), fungi, and enveloped viruses (human Although hand sanitizers may be less effective than soaps in some situations, it is undeniable that they are the preferred form of hand hygiene in healthcare settings. cache = ./cache/cord-345991-d26y5291.txt txt = ./txt/cord-345991-d26y5291.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-347126-hvrly37e author = Stanton, Robert title = Depression, Anxiety and Stress during COVID-19: Associations with Changes in Physical Activity, Sleep, Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Australian Adults date = 2020-06-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5474 sentences = 250 flesch = 45 summary = title: Depression, Anxiety and Stress during COVID-19: Associations with Changes in Physical Activity, Sleep, Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Australian Adults The combined effect of changes in lifestyle behaviors; confinement to the home through government restrictions in travel; and elevated depression, anxiety and stress associated with the current COVID-19 pandemic, may have significant negative impacts on sleep [14] . Therefore, the present study aims to examine associations between depression, anxiety and stress and changes in health behaviors, including physical activity, sleep, smoking and alcohol use subsequent to the onset of COVID-19 and the implementation of social isolation rules in Australia. The present study examined the association between depression, anxiety and stress and the change in health behaviors of physical activity, sleep, smoking and alcohol use subsequent to the onset of COVID-19, as individual health behaviors and as a health behavior change index composite score. cache = ./cache/cord-347126-hvrly37e.txt txt = ./txt/cord-347126-hvrly37e.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-348012-idflfwpb author = Alcover, Carlos-María title = Group Membership and Social and Personal Identities as Psychosocial Coping Resources to Psychological Consequences of the COVID-19 Confinement date = 2020-10-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8758 sentences = 393 flesch = 49 summary = Our results show that identity-resources (membership continuity/new group memberships, and personal identity strength) are positively related to process-resources (social support and perceived personal control), and that both are related to better perceived mental health, lower levels of anxiety and depression, and higher well-being (life satisfaction and resilience) during confinement. Based on this model, our study explores whether: (1) group memberships (specifically, membership continuity and new memberships) and personal identity strength, considered as identity-resources derived from group social identities, and (2) social support (received and provided) and perceived personal control, considered as process-resources derived from the identity-resources, are related to well-being and psychological health in the confinement experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on this model, our study explores whether: (1) group memberships (specifically, membership continuity and new memberships) and personal identity strength, considered as identity-resources derived from group social identities, and (2) social support (received and provided) and perceived personal control, considered as process-resources derived from the identity-resources, are related to well-being and psychological health in the confinement experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-348012-idflfwpb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-348012-idflfwpb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-348269-6z0kiapa author = Nguyen, Quynh C. title = Using 164 Million Google Street View Images to Derive Built Environment Predictors of COVID-19 Cases date = 2020-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5833 sentences = 304 flesch = 47 summary = We leveraged Google Street View (GSV) images and computer vision to detect built environment features (presence of a crosswalk, non-single family home, single-lane roads, dilapidated building and visible wires). In examining associations between built environment characteristics and COVID cases, we controlled for demographic compositional characteristics of areas and population density, which has previously been utilized in econometric studies as a proxy for air pollution and other factors found with greater prevalence in urban areas [15, 16] . Additionally, previous studies found that physical disorder in the neighborhood environments is significantly associated with higher prevalence of chronic diseases [19] and poor self-rated health [20] , which also increases the chances of contracting COVID-19 [21, 22] . From GSV images, we created indicators of urban development (non-single family home, single lane roads), walkability (crosswalks, sidewalks), and physical disorder (dilapidated building, visible utility wires). cache = ./cache/cord-348269-6z0kiapa.txt txt = ./txt/cord-348269-6z0kiapa.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-348717-qgny6f6y author = Shumba, Constance title = Reorienting Nurturing Care for Early Childhood Development during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Kenya: A Review date = 2020-09-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8589 sentences = 390 flesch = 45 summary = Anecdotal evidence in Kenya shows that the COVID-19 pandemic is contributing to deteriorating optimal environments that threaten children's early development and has direct health impacts on caregivers and children [11] [12] [13] . There are several far-reaching, interlinked direct and indirect impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated control measures on nurturing care and related ECD outcomes including children's cognitive, physical, language, motor, and social and emotional development (Figure 1 ). There is a need to build and leverage community level programs and policy support, targeting children at risk of abuse and neglect, and adolescents at risk of early pregnancy, to ameliorate the negative effects of the pandemic, such as poor nurturing care environments and transactional sex for food and pads among adolescent girls, all of which subsequently leading to poor child development outcomes. cache = ./cache/cord-348717-qgny6f6y.txt txt = ./txt/cord-348717-qgny6f6y.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-348994-ly2fop7d author = Faustini, Annunziata title = Attributable Risk to Assess the Health Impact of Air Pollution: Advances, Controversies, State of the Art and Future Needs date = 2020-06-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8162 sentences = 356 flesch = 41 summary = It also summarizes the ongoing discussion about the designs and methods for assessing the air pollution impact with particular attention to improvements due to spatio-temporal analysis and other new approaches, such as studying short term effects in cohorts, and the still discussed methods of predicting the values of attributable risk (AR). The most important problems with these studies were recognized by the researchers themselves, i.e., (1) not having studied other factors potentially responsible for the effects, including air pollutants other than particulate matter (PM), (2) not having individual measurements of exposure, which could prefigure exposure measurement errors, (3) having measured mortality that was premature only by a few days, which is an effect of limited public-health impact, (4) having used different methods to study this association in different cities. cache = ./cache/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt txt = ./txt/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-346194-l8svzjp2 author = Nazir, Mehrab title = A Multidimensional Model of Public Health Approaches Against COVID-19 date = 2020-05-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4786 sentences = 222 flesch = 40 summary = This research validates how social media exposure indirectly effects preventive behavior concerning COVID-19 and explains the paths of effect through awareness or information exchange. In this study, the researchers determined the outcome of social media on the preventive behavior among people about COVID-19, how individuals gain information and awareness knowledge through social media to control COVID-19. Additionally, path analysis and maximum likelihood method were used to verify the mediated impact of health communication (awareness knowledge and information exchange) among social media and preventive behavior. H5 and H3 tested whether awareness knowledge and information exchange directly influenced preventive behavior during an infectious disease outbreak like COVID-19. Eke [37] supported this theory that public awareness affects an individual behavior during an infectious disease outbreak to control its spread. Therefore, due to lack of resources, most developing nations use social media networks for health communication tools to prevent and control the spread of infectious disease in a community [37] . cache = ./cache/cord-346194-l8svzjp2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-346194-l8svzjp2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344075-ucd6ooob author = Bartoszek, Adrian title = Mental Well-Being (Depression, Loneliness, Insomnia, Daily Life Fatigue) during COVID-19 Related Home-Confinement—A Study from Poland date = 2020-10-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4515 sentences = 238 flesch = 50 summary = title: Mental Well-Being (Depression, Loneliness, Insomnia, Daily Life Fatigue) during COVID-19 Related Home-Confinement—A Study from Poland The aim of the study was to measure indicators of mental well-being in a Polish sample with regard to selected sociodemographic and health behavior data during home confinement related to COVID-19 pandemic. For this reason, our study aimed to measure mental well-being (levels of depression, insomnia, daily life fatigue, and loneliness) in a sample of the Polish population during COVID-19 related home confinement. The results have clearly shown that the pandemic and associated psychological stress are risk factors for sleep disorders and psychological diseases, e.g., the authors have shown that all of the elements of the Psychological Well-Being (PGWB) questionnaire (anxiety, depressed mood, positive well-being, self-control, general health, vitality) were significantly worse among study respondents than in previous general population data [33] . cache = ./cache/cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-349144-cvmebr3f author = Barca, Ida title = Telemedicine in Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery: An Effective Alternative in Post COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-10-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4859 sentences = 200 flesch = 43 summary = The study was conducted at the MaxilloFacial Surgery Unit of "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, on two different groups of patients: a group of follow-up patients (A(1): patients in oncological follow-up after surgical treatment performed before the COVID-19 pandemic; A(2): suffering from chronic lesions such as precancerous lesions), and a group B of patients with first urgent visits (B(1): patients with suspected oncological pathology; B(2): patients with suspected urgent disease such as medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ), odontogenic abscesses, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation, etc.). Before being subjected to a remote visit, all patients were contacted by telephone for adherence to the protocol and to explain the limits of the method related to not performing a physical examination in person and submitting the COVID-19 screening questionnaire; the authorization to use telemedicine was obtained via recorded video or signature on a specific consent form and sent on the institutional email. cache = ./cache/cord-349144-cvmebr3f.txt txt = ./txt/cord-349144-cvmebr3f.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-346388-j6pajd68 author = Song, Hwasung title = Tourism Destination Management Strategy for Young Children: Willingness to Pay for Child-Friendly Tourism Facilities and Services at a Heritage Site date = 2020-09-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5627 sentences = 286 flesch = 50 summary = Therefore, the present study examines the preferences of tourists in order to establish a tourism destination management strategy for young children as a type of accessible tourism from a public perspective. Choice experiments (CEs) were used to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) for facilities and services for young children at a tourist destination, in order to understand preferences. From this perspective, it has become important to consider the level of accessibility for young children when designing facilities and services of tourist destinations. Therefore, CE was selected as the analysis method for understanding tourists' preferences for child-friendly tourism facilities and services and developing a tourism destination management strategy for young children. Preferences for facilities and services for young children were identified using CEs. The study site was Hwaseong Fortress, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, located in Suwon City, a leader in the clean restroom culture. cache = ./cache/cord-346388-j6pajd68.txt txt = ./txt/cord-346388-j6pajd68.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-349313-2gupfqnl author = Martinez-Perez, Clara title = Citation Network Analysis of the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) date = 2020-10-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7148 sentences = 437 flesch = 53 summary = This study aims to analyze the relationship between different publications and their authors through citation networks, as well as to identify the research areas and determine which publication has been the most cited. Methods: The search for publications was carried out through the Web of Science database using terms such as "COVID-19" and "SARS-CoV-2" for the period between January and July 2020. The search of publications was carried out using the Web of Science (WOS) database with the following search terms: "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2", "The Coronavirus Disease 2019" and "Corona Virus Disease 2019". Moreover, the most common keywords used in Chinese journals were "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2", "Prevention and control", "Traditional Chinese Medicine", "Computed tomography", "Epidemic", "Public health", "MERS", "Pneumonia" and "Male". In this group, the different articles analyze the viral transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the most frequent symptoms (fever, cough, diarrhea, etc.) and experimental treatment methods such as chloroquine phosphate (Figure 7 ). cache = ./cache/cord-349313-2gupfqnl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-349313-2gupfqnl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-350006-c4be9eii author = Martina, Stefano title = The Perception of COVID-19 among Italian Dentists: An Orthodontic Point of View date = 2020-06-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3947 sentences = 186 flesch = 54 summary = An online questionnaire, including the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), was sent to Italian dentists during the final days of the lockdown with items about anxiety, fear, distress, perceived risk for operators, and concerns about orthodontic patients caused by working during the COVID-19 outbreak. The questionnaire was comprised of 31 multiple-choice questions: 5 questions were about personal data (gender, age, region of residence); 4 were on symptoms of COVID-19; 7 were about the perceived risk for operators during orthodontic procedures, anxiety and distress caused by working during the COVID-19 outbreak; 6 were about the fears for an infection and the concerns regarding orthodontic and Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) patients whose treatment has been suspended due to the epidemic; 5 were about emergencies and changes in clinical procedures and work organization as a result of the COVID-19. cache = ./cache/cord-350006-c4be9eii.txt txt = ./txt/cord-350006-c4be9eii.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-351100-llyl97ry author = Cariani, Lisa title = Time Length of Negativization and Cycle Threshold Values in 182 Healthcare Workers with Covid-19 in Milan, Italy: An Observational Cohort Study date = 2020-07-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3248 sentences = 171 flesch = 53 summary = We aimed to evaluate the time length of negativization from the onset of symptoms in healthcare workers (HCWs) with COVID-19, and to evaluate significant variations in cycle threshold (CT) values and gene positivity (E, RdRP, and N genes) among positive individuals who returned to work. We collected cycle threshold values of the first SARS-CoV-2-positive nasopharyngeal swabs (T0) for all 182 HCWs and CT values at one week before the two negative RT-PCR tests (T1) for the 58 subjects who healed by 30 April 2020 (Figure 2 ). In the present study, we analyzed 2443 nasopharyngeal swabs from 1683 HCWs by molecular laboratory testing for suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large university hospital in Milan, showing 10.8% positive HCWs. Overall, the majority of HCWs with COVID-19 were physicians, and the main reported symptoms were fever, cough, and headache. cache = ./cache/cord-351100-llyl97ry.txt txt = ./txt/cord-351100-llyl97ry.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-350031-2c9x55hx author = Zhao, Sheng Zhi title = Social Distancing Compliance under COVID-19 Pandemic and Mental Health Impacts: A Population-Based Study date = 2020-09-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3766 sentences = 186 flesch = 45 summary = Compliance with social distancing and staying-at-home, stress (Perceived Stress Scale-4), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorders-2), and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-2) were collected. The association of mental health symptoms including stress, anxiety and depression with the number of measures adopted, number of days stayed-at-home and perceived effectiveness and compliance were calculated by multivariable linear (for stress) and logistic (for anxiety and depression) regressions. Effect modifications by age (18-59, 65+ years) and education attainment (primary or below, secondary, and tertiary) on the associations between mental health symptoms, stay-at-home and compliance with social distancing were assessed using the interaction terms. Perceived effectiveness and compliance with social distancing measures were associated with lower stress levels and risks for anxiety and depressive symptoms (all p < 0.001). We have provided the first evidence on compliance with non-pharmaceutical community containment strategies including stay-at-home and social distancing and their associations with mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-350031-2c9x55hx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-350031-2c9x55hx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-350059-c25md0vm author = Delgado, Diego title = Personal Safety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Realities and Perspectives of Healthcare Workers in Latin America † date = 2020-04-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2539 sentences = 137 flesch = 49 summary = The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reality and perceptions about personal safety among healthcare workers practicing in countries of Latin America during the current COVID-19 outbreak. Section 2 comprised four items and was designed to evaluate access to PPE (gel hand sanitizer, disposable gloves, disposable gowns, disposable masks, N95 masks, facial protective shields), access to personal safety policies and procedures (yes or no), access to COVID-19 diagnostic and treatment algorithms (yes or no), access to telemedicine to evaluate and follow up with patients (yes or no), and institutional support with human resources in case healthcare workers are sick (10-point Likert scale; 0 = no resources, 10 = full access to resources). In this survey study of healthcare professionals working in Latin America, we reported limited access to essential personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-350059-c25md0vm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-350059-c25md0vm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-351413-3nfukrfl author = Al-Ahmadi, Khalid title = Spatiotemporal Clustering of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Incidence in Saudi Arabia, 2012–2019 date = 2019-07-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4542 sentences = 209 flesch = 49 summary = title: Spatiotemporal Clustering of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Incidence in Saudi Arabia, 2012–2019 We analyzed the spatiotemporal clustering of the MERS-CoV incidence in Saudi Arabia between 2012 and 2019 at the city level by using Kulldorff's spatial scan statistics via SaTScan 9.6 [39] . The results of the spatiotemporal cluster analysis of MERS-CoV infection, using years and months as the time aggregates from 2012 to 2019, showed significant most likely and secondary clusters in Saudi Arabia (Table 3; Table 4 and Figure 5 ; Figure 6 ). Wadi The results of the spatiotemporal cluster analysis of MERS-CoV infection, using years and months as the time aggregates from 2012 to 2019, showed significant most likely and secondary clusters in Saudi Arabia (Table 3; Table 4 and Figure 5 ; Figure 6 ). Community case clusters of middle east respiratory syndrome Coronavirus in Hafr Al-Batin, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A descriptive genomic study cache = ./cache/cord-351413-3nfukrfl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-351413-3nfukrfl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-351880-iqr419fp author = Fan, Changyu title = Prediction of Epidemic Spread of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Driven by Spring Festival Transportation in China: A Population-Based Study date = 2020-03-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8542 sentences = 400 flesch = 55 summary = Total 1999 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 11,999 Hubei 1514 1508 1487 1465 1477 1547 8998 Henan 113 134 109 159 170 125 810 Anhui 59 58 55 53 56 46 327 Hunan 57 46 68 54 41 36 302 Jiangxi 58 40 53 57 49 34 291 Chongqing 34 29 34 33 33 35 198 Zhejiang 22 29 25 33 25 33 167 Sichuan 22 30 45 21 22 27 167 Fujian 14 17 16 15 39 19 120 Jiangsu 38 13 16 19 13 11 110 Shandong 12 18 11 13 8 12 74 Guangdong 7 8 18 18 14 8 73 Hebei 0 1 5 Tianjin 1 0 0 1 0 1 3 Shanghai 0 1 0 1 0 1 3 Inner Mongolia 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 Xizang 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 Ningxia 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 According to the current infectious features of 2019-nCoV, which are that middle-aged and elderly people have a high risk of infection, and transmission can occur between individuals, families and communities, we assessed several main variables. cache = ./cache/cord-351880-iqr419fp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-351880-iqr419fp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-351529-30apdn73 author = Hamlin, Matilda title = Attitudes of the Public to Receiving Medical Care during Emergencies through Remote Physician–Patient Communications date = 2020-07-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4670 sentences = 223 flesch = 41 summary = The multiple regression model identified higher trust in data protection, level of education, and social media use as statistically significant predictors for a higher willingness to receive medical information while the first two predicted willingness to provide information. Significant differences were seen between the respondents according to their level of trust of the data protection when transferring medical information through remote communications during emergencies, in both mean willingness to provide medical information (F(2504) = 54.36, p < 0.001) and to receive medical services (F(2504) = 44.11, p < 0.001). The willingness of the general public to provide medical information and to receive medical services from a health fund through remote communications in times of emergency was found to be high. In this cross-sectional study, conducted during an ongoing worldwide pandemic outbreak, the willingness to receive medical services and to provide medical information through remote communications in times of emergency was found to be high. cache = ./cache/cord-351529-30apdn73.txt txt = ./txt/cord-351529-30apdn73.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-351785-d35kqobp author = DeWitt, Emily title = Rural SNAP Participants and Food Insecurity: How Can Communities Leverage Resources to Meet the Growing Food Insecurity Status of Rural and Low-Income Residents? date = 2020-08-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6097 sentences = 307 flesch = 42 summary = Various social and environmental factors contribute to inadequate food access and availability in rural areas, influencing dietary intakes and food insecurity rates. This study aims to identify patterns related to food insecurity and fruit and vegetable consumption within a SNAP-eligible and low-income, highly obese rural Appalachian community. This study aims to identify patterns related to FV consumption and food access within a SNAP-eligible and low-income, highly obese rural Appalachian county in Kentucky. These findings will serve as a baseline to provide context for addressing food insecurity in a remote rural region of the U.S. Baseline findings will guide points of intercept, design future programming to explore the impact rurality has on obesity status, and address the barriers related to accessing nutritious foods within this community and those similar. Although SNAP participation provides an avenue to food security, it is clear that when compounded by additional factors, such as the economic disparities this rural Appalachian community experiences, it does not equate to consistent nutritional nourishment for these areas. cache = ./cache/cord-351785-d35kqobp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-351785-d35kqobp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353482-dz343h7t author = Ellis, Matthew title = Global Community Child Health date = 2020-05-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1418 sentences = 67 flesch = 48 summary = This special issue of IJERPH has published a range of studies in this developing field of Global Community Child Health research. In addition to rural community-based initiatives given that most children now live in cities we are also interested to hear about urban initiatives….' We hope this issue will of great interest to the researchers and practitioners as well as academia from the fields of Global Health as well as Global Child Health because it comprised of 14 articles representing all five continents. Despite of the journal's strive for reaching out to a wider global child health community, this issue missed contributions relating to child safeguarding and social determinants of urban health. Whatever the level of the threat it is the mobilisation of community and household level interventions to protect and enable children which lies at the heart of global community child health [1] . We invited studies describing community-based interventions which impact on child health and wellbeing around the globe. cache = ./cache/cord-353482-dz343h7t.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353482-dz343h7t.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-351651-6dbt99h0 author = Sun, Zhong title = Potential Factors Influencing Repeated SARS Outbreaks in China date = 2020-03-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4985 sentences = 260 flesch = 55 summary = Thus, if bats were the natural hosts of SARS-CoVs, cold temperature and low humidity in these times might provide conducive environmental conditions for prolonged viral survival in these regions concentrated with bats. A study on the genome sequence of diseased pangolins smuggled from Malaysia to China found that pangolins carry coronavirus, suggesting that pangolins may be intermediate hosts for SARS-COV-2 [35] . However, the only source of bats that have been publicly identified as carrying virus phylogenetically close to SARS-CoV-2 is far away from Wuhan in Zhoushan, Zhejiang. However, to confirm this scenario, it is necessary to find wild bats in Wuhan and its neighboring areas that carry CoVs identical to those isolated from various SARS-2 patients. This mini-review evaluated the common epidemiological patterns of both SARS epidemics in China and identified cold, dry winter as a common environmental condition conducive for SARS virus infection to human beings. cache = ./cache/cord-351651-6dbt99h0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-351651-6dbt99h0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353041-qmpatq8m author = Han, Ruixia title = The Influence of Norm Perception on Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Comparison between the Moderating Roles of Traditional Media and Social Media date = 2020-09-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8268 sentences = 438 flesch = 28 summary = Through an online survey of 550 randomly selected Chinese citizens, this study examines the roles of traditional media and social media in influencing the relationship between norm perception and pro-environmental behavior. Whether traditional media and social media activate the perception of social norms in the same way, and how the possible difference affects their influence on pro-environmental behavior are the focus of our research. In order to examine in more detail the moderating effect of media environmental information exposure on the relationship between different types of norm perception and pro-environmental behaviors, we conduct further regression analysis to form Table 4 . This study mainly discusses the role of traditional media and social media in activating public norm perception and influencing pro-environmental behavior in the current media society. The research results show that traditional media usage for environment information acquisition (TME) activates norm perception and affects pro-environmental behaviors less than social media usage for environment information acquisition (SME). cache = ./cache/cord-353041-qmpatq8m.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353041-qmpatq8m.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-352501-5c78kq0w author = Lin, Paohui title = Food Safety Gaps between Consumers’ Expectations and Perceptions: Development and Verification of a Gap-Assessment Tool date = 2020-08-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7392 sentences = 399 flesch = 51 summary = Governments have taken measures to manage issues, and many previous studies have also explored these mechanisms, including governmental policies and regulations on organic farming [1] , the impact of foodborne poisoning caused by food contamination [2] , a novel coronavirus caused by microbial contaminants in game meat [3] , concerning the risk of animal diseases such as avian flu, swine flu, mad cow virus [4, 5] , safety assessment of meat products [6] , and food inspection standards, such as instrumental detection methods based on the nuclear magnet resonance [7] or low field nuclear magnetic resonance [8] to assess the adulteration of oils and fats. Study the expectations versus the actual perceived disparities at the consumer's level and unravelling human perceptions in the context of food safety is important as both might affect the validity of the evaluation stage. cache = ./cache/cord-352501-5c78kq0w.txt txt = ./txt/cord-352501-5c78kq0w.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353173-5c4n4tsf author = Comunian, Silvia title = Air Pollution and COVID-19: The Role of Particulate Matter in the Spread and Increase of COVID-19’s Morbidity and Mortality date = 2020-06-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8325 sentences = 405 flesch = 47 summary = Concerning the effect of PM pollution and the spread of viruses in the population, several recent studies have analyzed whether the different areas of the world with a high and rapid increase in COVID-19's contagion were correlated to a greater level of air pollution. The authors conclude that there is a statistically significant relationship between short-term exposure to higher air pollution and an increased risk of COVID-19 infection. The authors conclude that there is a statistically significant relationship between short-term exposure to higher air pollution and an increased risk of COVID-19 infection. The microbiological analysis revealed the presence of pathogens adsorbed to the particles [31] , and in alveolar cells and in the Summing up, the exposure to polluting agents alters the immune response of the lung cells and induces an increase in oxidative and inflammatory stress. cache = ./cache/cord-353173-5c4n4tsf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353173-5c4n4tsf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353890-dzauzjm7 author = Guzzi, Pietro Hiram title = Spatio-Temporal Resource Mapping for Intensive Care Units at Regional Level for COVID-19 Emergency in Italy date = 2020-05-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2159 sentences = 139 flesch = 56 summary = COVID-19 patients management requires availability of sufficiently large number of Intensive Care Units (ICUs) beds. We analysed Italian data at regional level with the aim to: (i) support health and government decision-makers in gathering rapid and efficient decisions on increasing health structures capacities (in terms of ICU slots) and (ii) define a geographic model to plan emergency and future COVID-19 patients management using reallocating them among health structures. Among these: 9268 were reported as being treated at home (i.e., not severe illness), 9663 hospitalised, and 1672 admitted to ICUs. To react to the exponential growth of infected patients requiring hospitalisation, the Chinese government decided to build a large emergency hospital dedicated to COVID-19 patients in a few days. In Figure 2 the COVID-19 diffusion is reported both for Italy and China red zones (A "red zone" is a geographical area (e.g., city, region, state) of maximal infection for which the government implements special social rules in order to deal with the emergency: typically restriction of citizens' movements and prohibition to leave or enter the area). cache = ./cache/cord-353890-dzauzjm7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353890-dzauzjm7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353391-o0s2h0y0 author = Haj Bloukh, Samir title = A Look Behind the Scenes at COVID-19: National Strategies of Infection Control and Their Impact on Mortality date = 2020-08-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9925 sentences = 539 flesch = 54 summary = To investigate the importance of serum vitamin D levels, median age, temperature, and humidity we compare infection control measures and their impact on COVID-19-related fatalities in Portugal, Sweden, and Switzerland ( Figure 1 ). A study compared community-wide mask compliance in relation to the number of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases/fatalities in Hong Kong, Singapore, and other countries [29] . This mask-wearing strategy combined with social distancing, personal hygiene, cancellation of social gatherings, use of the home office, and school closures resulted in the effective control of the SARS-CoV-2 transmission compared to other neighboring countries [29] . We investigated the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) as an example of a highly populated, globally interconnected country with an equatorial hot climate and excellent control of the COVID-19 outbreak. We investigated the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) as an example of a highly populated, globally interconnected country with an equatorial hot climate and excellent control of the COVID-19 outbreak. cache = ./cache/cord-353391-o0s2h0y0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353391-o0s2h0y0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-352152-d3owtd98 author = Wang, Cuiyan title = Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China date = 2020-03-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6496 sentences = 285 flesch = 45 summary = The aim of this study was to survey the general public in China to better understand their levels of psychological impact, anxiety, depression, and stress during the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak. Female gender, student status, specific physical symptoms (e.g., myalgia, dizziness, coryza), and poor self-rated health status were significantly associated with a greater psychological impact of the outbreak and higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression (p < 0.05). Specific up-to-date and accurate health information (e.g., treatment, local outbreak situation) and particular precautionary measures (e.g., hand hygiene, wearing a mask) were associated with a lower psychological impact of the outbreak and lower levels of stress, anxiety, and depression (p < 0.05). Our results revealed that the general population presenting with specific symptoms including chills, coryza, cough, dizziness, myalgia, and sore throat, as well as those with poor self-rated health status and history of chronic illnesses, experienced a psychological impact of the outbreak and higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. cache = ./cache/cord-352152-d3owtd98.txt txt = ./txt/cord-352152-d3owtd98.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-354619-pftjhtpo author = Farronato, Marco title = A Call for Action to Safely Deliver Oral Health Care during and Post COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-09-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5041 sentences = 258 flesch = 49 summary = The oral cavity is purported to be one of the main host sites, both for entry and transmission, implicated in SARS-CoV-2 spread either through contact, droplet, aerosols, or saliva. Evidence suggests that the classic mechanism of transmission, contact and droplet spread, can be contained mostly by isolating symptomatic patients and by the use of facial masks/facial coverings, which de facto provides a physical barrier to the oral cavity and nose, the primary source of infection for droplets and larger aerosol particles. Following the above proposed guidelines, no cases COVID-19 disease transmission after single or multiple dental consultations was registered among the DHCW or patients. Classified as operative and non-operative, depending on their ability to work in the oral cavity or/and provide an essential outside support, the DHCW and the patients visiting the dental practice are undeniably at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and further transmission [41] . cache = ./cache/cord-354619-pftjhtpo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-354619-pftjhtpo.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353867-617f90wq author = Ory, Marcia G. title = Implementing a Diabetes Education Program to Reduce Health Disparities in South Texas: Application of the RE-AIM Framework for Planning and Evaluation date = 2020-08-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6637 sentences = 316 flesch = 46 summary = This community-based initiative reached a large and diverse population, and statistically significant reductions in A1c levels (p < 0.01) were observed among participants with Type 2 diabetes at 3 months. The U.S.-Mexico border is impacted by extremely high disparities in income, education, and healthcare access, and these social determinants of health make this region among the nation's Figure 1 illustrated the 27 counties formally included in the Healthy South Texas initiative [30] , and the counties in which the Diabetes Education Program was offered were marked with a red dot. Among participants with pre-diabetes or Type 1 diabetes, no statistically significant differences were observed based on baseline A1c level attending a follow-up session at any given time point (Table 2 ). From private and public sources, over USD 15,000,000 was identified in direct support and in-kind dollars for the Healthy South Texas initiative (including delivery of the Diabetes Education Program, as well as other disease prevention and health promotion activities) by governmental and nongovernmental entities. cache = ./cache/cord-353867-617f90wq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353867-617f90wq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-355055-7m8on8ct author = Xie, Xiaoru title = Generational Differences in Perceptions of Food Health/Risk and Attitudes toward Organic Food and Game Meat: The Case of the COVID-19 Crisis in China date = 2020-04-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6334 sentences = 312 flesch = 48 summary = title: Generational Differences in Perceptions of Food Health/Risk and Attitudes toward Organic Food and Game Meat: The Case of the COVID-19 Crisis in China More specifically, by using the data collected from 1008 respondents in January 2020, the time when China was hit hard by the "Corona Virus Disease 2019" (COVID-19), this study investigates the overall and different generational respondents' health/risk perceptions of and attitudes toward organic food and game meat. The results reveal that, firstly, based on their food health and risk perceptions of healthy and risky food, the respondents' general attitudes are positive toward organic food but relatively negative toward game meat. It provides an empirical survey to investigate the overall and different generational respondents' health/risk perceptions and attitudes toward organic food and game meat during the outbreak of the COVID-19 crisis in China, utilizing data collected from 1008 respondents in January 2020, when the crisis hit the whole society. cache = ./cache/cord-355055-7m8on8ct.txt txt = ./txt/cord-355055-7m8on8ct.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353592-gsvobusu author = Luceño-Moreno, Lourdes title = Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Levels of Resilience and Burnout in Spanish Health Personnel during the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-07-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7599 sentences = 341 flesch = 45 summary = Due to the importance of understanding how the disease affects these professionals, the researchers of this study collected information related to demographic variables, associated with the job, changes of residence, possible contact with people during work, COVID-19 tests, hospitalization, isolation, protective equipment, concern over becoming infected, concern that a family member and/or someone with whom they are living may be infected. Finally, linear regression models were used to see which variables (demographic, work, COVID-19, burnout and resilience) were jointly related to symptoms of posttraumatic stress, anxiety and depression. Analyses were carried out to evaluate the proportion of health care cases with symptoms associated with possible posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression and burnout at their different severity levels. This research aimed to assess the symptoms of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, depression, burnout and resilience in Spanish health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-353592-gsvobusu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353592-gsvobusu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-354345-p4ld0tun author = Bonadonna, Lucia title = A Review and Update on Waterborne Viral Diseases Associated with Swimming Pools date = 2019-01-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4795 sentences = 286 flesch = 50 summary = We carried out a comprehensive literature review aimed at investigating waterborne viral outbreaks linked to swimming pools, to explore the etiological agents implicated, pathways of transmission, associations between indicator organisms and disease, and key issues related to chlorination/disinfection procedures. Different databases (Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar) were accessed using the terms norovirus, Norwalk virus, adenovirus, enterovirus, echovirus, coxsackievirus, and hepatitis A, in combination with terms recreation, swimming, pool, and water. In Oklahoma, USA, an outbreak of pharyngitis caused by HAdV type 7a was recorded in 1982 among 77 children attending a swimming pool [17] . In 2013-2014, a study investigated the presence of human enteric viruses (adenovirus, norovirus, and enterovirus) in indoor and outdoor swimming pool waters in Rome. Pharyngoconjunctival fever caused by adenovirus type 4: Report of a swimming pool-related outbreak with recovery of virus from pool water A swimming pool-associated outbreak of pharyngoconjunctival fever caused by human adenovirus type 4 in Beijing cache = ./cache/cord-354345-p4ld0tun.txt txt = ./txt/cord-354345-p4ld0tun.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-355095-4sxuppmo author = Kimhi, Shaul title = Distress and Resilience in the Days of COVID-19: Comparing Two Ethnicities date = 2020-06-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4670 sentences = 218 flesch = 43 summary = The aim of the present study was to examine the level of concern and the contributions of modes of resilience, well-being and demographic attributes towards decreasing or enhancing anxiety and depression among two samples: Israeli Jews (majority group) and Israeli Arabs (minority group). The present study aimed to examine the level of sense of danger and distress symptoms, the contributions of modes of resilience, well-being and demographic attributes towards decreasing or enhancing anxiety and depression among two samples: Israeli Jews (majority group, N = 605) and Israeli Arabs (minority group, N = 156). The Arab sample would score higher than the Jewish sample on the level of COVID-19 pandemic distress and the level of sense of danger perceived by its members and would score lower than the Jewish sample on individual and public (community and national) resilience as well as on feeling safe at home. cache = ./cache/cord-355095-4sxuppmo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-355095-4sxuppmo.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-355066-jm07z3zk author = Ertemel, Adnan Veysel title = A Marketing Approach to a Psychological Problem: Problematic Smartphone Use on Adolescents date = 2020-04-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7805 sentences = 471 flesch = 53 summary = Finally, this study first sought to explore the demographic factors influence on the adolescents' problematic smartphone use, namely gender, age, grades and parental education [59] [60] [61] [62] . Afterwards, the main focus of the study is to find out how does a marketing based education program reduces the problematic smartphone use of adolescents. The adolescents' problematic smartphone use will decrease after receiving a marketing based education program including gamification and unhook strategies. The first set of hypotheses explored the problematic smartphone use difference in terms of gender (H1a), age (H1b), adolescents' grades (H1c) and parents' education (H1d). In order to test the problematic smartphone use difference on the basis of the adolescents' grades (H1c) an analysis of variance test showed that SASA scores before the education do differ significantly according to the students' grade levels. cache = ./cache/cord-355066-jm07z3zk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-355066-jm07z3zk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-355291-fq0h895i author = Yasir, Ammar title = Modeling Impact of Word of Mouth and E-Government on Online Social Presence during COVID-19 Outbreak: A Multi-Mediation Approach date = 2020-04-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9022 sentences = 516 flesch = 47 summary = In this study, we attempted to identify the role of E-government and COVID-19 word of mouth in terms of their direct impact on online social presence during the outbreak as well as their impacts mediated by epidemic protection and attitudes toward epidemic outbreaks. The study results revealed that the roles of E-government and COVID-19 word of mouth are positively related to online social presence during the outbreak. Epidemic protection and attitude toward epidemic outbreak were found to positively moderate the impact of the role of E-government and COVID-19 word of mouth on online social presence during the outbreak. We used five constructs (2019-nCoV-WOM, role of E-Govt, attitude toward epidemic outbreak, epidemic protection, and online social presence in the outbreak) with a conceptual multi-mediation model. Our study results revealed that attitude toward epidemic outbreak has a strong mediation effect between the role of E-Govt and online social presence during outbreaks, indicating that other governments and organizations can follow China's safety model. cache = ./cache/cord-355291-fq0h895i.txt txt = ./txt/cord-355291-fq0h895i.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-355318-qm79gz8w author = Smit, Albertus J. title = Winter Is Coming: A Southern Hemisphere Perspective of the Environmental Drivers of SARS-CoV-2 and the Potential Seasonality of COVID-19 date = 2020-08-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 15419 sentences = 706 flesch = 41 summary = Knowledge of other viral respiratory diseases suggests that the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 could be modulated by seasonally varying environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Thus, if climate factors do play a role in COVID-19 infection rates, the concurrence of transition of southern hemisphere countries to their winter season with the mid-stages of the disease transmission trajectory is of concern, especially with respect to containment policy and health system resource allocation. Environmental variables considered in preprint and peer-reviewed publications as modulators of SARS-CoV-2 transmission rates include mean, minimum and/or maximum daily temperature, and diurnal temperature range; an undefined 'humidity' variable, relative humidity, specific humidity and absolute humidity; dew point temperature; rainfall; wind speed or wind power; air pressure; some metric of solar or UV radiation; and 'air quality' (Supplementary Tables S1 and S2 ). The general prevalence of climatologically-coupled seasonal signals and environmental variable modulation seen in the majority of other viral respiratory diseases creates the expectation for a similar effect on SARS-CoV-2 and in COVID-19 epidemiology. cache = ./cache/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt txt = ./txt/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-356156-jjdkwalk author = Moretti, Antimo title = Characterization of Home Working Population during COVID-19 Emergency: A Cross-Sectional Analysis date = 2020-08-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4096 sentences = 227 flesch = 55 summary = The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the impact of home working on perceived job productivity and satisfaction, work-related stress, and musculoskeletal (MSK) issues. Depending on our data, the home environment seems to be not adequate in the mobile worker population, with an increased risk for mental health and MSK problems, particularly affecting the spine. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of home working on job satisfaction, occupational stress, perceived productivity, and MSK issues. We characterized a population of mobile workers in terms of work-related outcomes, such as perceived productivity and job satisfaction, and onset or changes of previous MSK disorders, particularly LBP and neck pain. Concerning physical health issues related to remote working, increased sedentariness and poor posture due to the use of non-ergonomic equipment in our population seemed to promote the onset of MSK disorders, particularly LBP and neck pain. cache = ./cache/cord-356156-jjdkwalk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-356156-jjdkwalk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-355513-vgs96w3b author = Ma, Rongyang title = Effects of Health Information Dissemination on User Follows and Likes during COVID-19 Outbreak in China: Data and Content Analysis date = 2020-07-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6045 sentences = 429 flesch = 49 summary = title: Effects of Health Information Dissemination on User Follows and Likes during COVID-19 Outbreak in China: Data and Content Analysis Results: For nonmedical institution accounts in the model, report and story types of articles had positive effects on users' following behaviors. In this work, we aimed to determine whether and how health information dissemination affected users' information behavior in terms of following an account and liking a post. We chose the number of different types of articles and the aggregated number of headlines on NCP posted on the selected accounts in a 7-day period as independent variables (a total of seven) to denote the health information source and reflect the dissemination state. We want to explore whether information conveyed in each type of articles posted on WeChat can play the role, impacting users' following and liking behavior. cache = ./cache/cord-355513-vgs96w3b.txt txt = ./txt/cord-355513-vgs96w3b.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-355471-vt7qovf7 author = Ogojiaku, Chinonso N. title = The Health Opportunity Index: Understanding the Input to Disparate Health Outcomes in Vulnerable and High-Risk Census Tracts date = 2020-08-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9169 sentences = 494 flesch = 52 summary = The Health Opportunity Index (HOI) is a multivariate tool that can be more efficiently used to identify and understand the interplay of complex social determinants of health (SDH) at the census tract level that influences the ability to achieve optimal health. The Health Opportunity Index (HOI) is the primary outcome variable in this study and is comprised of 13 indices: affordability, income inequality, Townsend Deprivation, job participation, employment access, education, population churning, population-weighted density, segregation, food accessibility, walkability, access to care, and environmental quality index. The thematic mapping of HOI composite scores provides a visual breakdown of health opportunity disparities across census tracts in an area. The thematic mapping of HOI composite scores provides a visual breakdown of health opportunity disparities across census tracts in an area. Similar to the map from Figure 3 The thematic mapping of HOI composite scores provides a visual breakdown of health opportunity disparities across census tracts in an area. cache = ./cache/cord-355471-vt7qovf7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-355471-vt7qovf7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-355133-s1az6o5c author = Farronato, Marco title = A Scoping Review of Respirator Literature and a Survey among Dental Professionals date = 2020-08-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4529 sentences = 237 flesch = 48 summary = The aim of this paper is to assess the perceived experience associated with N95/FFP2 respirators based on the available literature and data collected through an online survey completed by Italian dental professionals. The findings concurred that the prolonged use of respirators was associated with headaches (47.5%), severe exertion and discomfort (50.8%), moderate concentration problems (54.3%), moderate breathing difficulties (63.5%), and consequently, an impaired work ability (85.5%). The objectives of this paper were to evaluate the relevant findings in the literature regarding the rationale for use of an N95/FFP2 respirator related to AGPs particle sizes [26] that could contain the COVID-19 virus [6] in dental healthcare workers and assess the perceived symptoms experienced by dental professionals with the use of these respirators. Discomfort and exertion, which are common reports from the study, were a severe consequence of prolonged N95/FFP2 use for 50.8% of the sample (130 participants) and were related to gender, particularly with females (it was severe for 58.2% of females and 43.4% of males, p = 0.012) but not with the number of hours spent wearing respirators. cache = ./cache/cord-355133-s1az6o5c.txt txt = ./txt/cord-355133-s1az6o5c.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-355905-av03suua author = Romero Starke, Karla title = The Age-Related Risk of Severe Outcomes Due to COVID-19 Infection: A Rapid Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression date = 2020-08-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6825 sentences = 395 flesch = 59 summary = Because not all important age-related risk factors were included in the analysis, and because they adjusted for biomarkers which were reflective of disease severity/COVID-19 infection, the study was rated as having a high risk of bias. Due to the lack of age-related risk factors included in the analysis and the adjustment for fever, which is reflective of COVID-19 infection/disease severity, this study was determined to have a high risk of bias. This study received a high risk of bias rating because only patients older than 60 years of age were considered, because of missing risk factors, and because biomarkers were used that might indicate a COVID-19 infection/disease severity. All the studies included in the meta-analysis for mortality were rated as having a high risk of bias because not all age-dependent risk factors were considered and because the variables used in the analysis may have already indicated COVID-19 disease severity. cache = ./cache/cord-355905-av03suua.txt txt = ./txt/cord-355905-av03suua.txt ===== Reducing email addresses cord-334638-au5sqzxw Creating transaction Updating adr table ===== Reducing keywords cord-010334-7ce0xhjo cord-013317-s6ss95h6 cord-003640-psnec2qp cord-262567-gojbccmz cord-034351-5br4faov cord-262637-crqw59k1 cord-253000-nwbmxepi cord-012462-q8u47hdp cord-011906-ek7joi0m cord-012515-dxu7ajse cord-002184-964tbh7d cord-011537-e20zaosw cord-271898-cct702cv cord-013385-6nq4yzvz cord-264560-hxvadp24 cord-013405-68777jts cord-268176-tb12txdf cord-013390-i5h7ob3n cord-271887-blwrpf38 cord-252870-52fjx7s4 cord-255228-nopt5ql5 cord-002438-b8t4a57r cord-003612-bp7sray2 cord-258762-vabyyx01 cord-252894-c02v47jz cord-011536-rb8g5llp cord-256041-k4y6t0i5 cord-269969-xl1ooxoj cord-281741-wzsrqc7p cord-274459-781by93r cord-264133-yj100ryt cord-263518-6puccigu cord-257575-qumwrgng cord-262647-kkvekors cord-256004-rqdeac7h cord-256636-z14anp3h cord-254234-8w1z3un6 cord-268716-lbxmteyn cord-259809-7glw6pir cord-268779-qbn3i2nq cord-011818-z89m8dur cord-013401-yh8cu1hx cord-011540-9jvoa8vr cord-274778-wds40e6i cord-265937-f39md0vk cord-267874-k6tmu5gi cord-012022-r3xkpwte cord-283398-wplz8o2k cord-279864-5ouuu49v cord-277228-zk4arqw5 cord-264811-xbeipob9 cord-277077-kwaiorp8 cord-279116-auo80gaq cord-270948-qfsjtflv cord-266239-l0ulr2ep cord-258965-g47n531n cord-267996-5l9shks8 cord-032625-u8qces3r cord-265786-nstd8xak cord-258915-lgee3ers cord-285223-07o9irev cord-259149-svryhcgy cord-288184-fa1niz51 cord-255602-3pzh5ur9 cord-274774-klystgj4 cord-264798-s31gncge cord-013420-0nmil3yt cord-270796-ixpt6jnr cord-266257-hp11at50 cord-283175-kh2rm2ir cord-254633-7re0k0d1 cord-254471-4lomiv5d cord-285386-kvo544hh cord-255119-l82o5fif cord-271765-altqn10l cord-272497-ww9o1kjr cord-285513-pkqos0s5 cord-278870-pct184oa cord-273565-0en2sl3q cord-271853-wexe9gq0 cord-284272-68ykes60 cord-283514-7rjo9k4d cord-287426-tzqke3ci cord-281961-5mdiwzvc cord-285526-xm9yj5ua cord-283537-49ic7p3u cord-283771-hh4p7cg3 cord-264629-kuknvemy cord-277558-w2srv5em cord-267034-s3hf4bo5 cord-272406-h22atwd4 cord-275711-ejw3ausf cord-287196-re4sosff cord-271736-29oavyc4 cord-259971-e3h8pr1v cord-262927-mehijkzo cord-295513-q5f8d0ig cord-291916-5yqc3zcx cord-292409-hz5qj1fw cord-289378-ghmqd3yv cord-288409-idq780jb cord-289451-yjrh5l4u cord-292173-95t89yee cord-288392-khjo6j8u cord-293117-hkkbqorv cord-291535-91j1lleq cord-295543-nj4a640t cord-296312-nh4poc71 cord-304780-lbq70q11 cord-297618-9ka3y2y1 cord-296669-1md8j11e cord-299521-igo40dbs cord-288394-h9hozu9j cord-303203-1kpw4ru0 cord-301348-h21rnyww cord-300338-duhyb754 cord-302553-d0hk4ipg cord-302411-unoiwi4g cord-306690-s5mxes4r cord-293861-n6733nfd cord-297378-quyehjr1 cord-302704-rj4le1qn cord-312094-czuw4t7i cord-310165-xj025ruz cord-294593-mh1uh1b3 cord-307038-c58mzcu9 cord-316990-kz9782rj cord-313356-ninzeazy cord-313869-3x2qf3yu cord-291113-iizj932l cord-306504-0wq7rc6s cord-307362-1bxx4db2 cord-314733-fyximykl cord-307285-bxy0zsc7 cord-299797-s1zdmf2u cord-313887-8sabsrgy cord-302239-2sxy3spd cord-311311-rmv5rfst cord-302847-d5serpz5 cord-304996-st1nn3pc cord-308005-t0bf5nos cord-301264-lkfhtb1w cord-298156-d0pb1kik cord-308957-s2hjge6s cord-306551-qf7h9m78 cord-318336-hslnkv6p cord-317449-xjo6r6yc cord-315197-4wnes04g cord-307133-bm9z8gss cord-318528-yc0jw3s1 cord-320208-uih4jf8w cord-313591-hb3gqksg cord-310215-11srk6iq cord-312265-48odnlal cord-314539-6vvgov43 cord-308319-1l6xooyz cord-306304-2yf3f1kg cord-315037-lmur80te cord-308652-i6q23olv cord-319899-nso0ob27 cord-324856-hf969tav cord-319226-yvgvyif0 cord-325963-d0hvukbu cord-321913-zie2uv21 cord-314211-tv1nhojk cord-318061-xe8lljz0 cord-324092-ertcvh8x cord-329640-10trdf87 cord-317667-8ya8tvv2 cord-330583-ltkpt80u cord-320914-zf54jfol cord-318944-13zk6cco cord-323898-054gv684 cord-328784-9r5td4vy cord-331718-rjggiklf cord-326643-obfvi3ms cord-327300-dvlb61tw cord-332673-av2vt54r cord-325722-ixozph19 cord-323372-770sos8m cord-326851-0jxdnm1l cord-332977-884z6qrq cord-332828-a4ck2ddp cord-329536-3xsncmyi cord-334282-8fni03cj cord-332387-rmmmhrjy cord-334638-au5sqzxw cord-334711-58ygbyiz cord-332496-xxz6qd3i cord-337581-3rmrkq1k cord-337316-ialg7d7e cord-333015-xgudk2h0 cord-334889-mn8ctg6x cord-338580-zszeldfv cord-338578-e0aiknb6 cord-339401-jv0rse14 cord-337219-d81v8b4j cord-339517-93nuovsj cord-336614-u6alc6rs cord-339324-ab0ecwvw cord-339835-ze9ay2rm cord-339503-nutc1mvz cord-340128-qxkopvot cord-340545-mgq3a4t9 cord-341616-ts98sfxx cord-341620-nmrkhx5t cord-340889-ff35696d cord-341661-sokoghh1 cord-340882-why0t9ld cord-341105-3uvbfp8c cord-342415-j3fv7u2d cord-343701-x5rghsbs cord-346258-xlyi0cnl cord-343767-nnx8adtl cord-348012-idflfwpb cord-347126-hvrly37e cord-348269-6z0kiapa cord-345991-d26y5291 cord-348994-ly2fop7d cord-348717-qgny6f6y cord-346194-l8svzjp2 cord-344075-ucd6ooob cord-346388-j6pajd68 cord-349144-cvmebr3f cord-349313-2gupfqnl cord-350006-c4be9eii cord-351100-llyl97ry cord-350059-c25md0vm cord-350031-2c9x55hx cord-351880-iqr419fp cord-353482-dz343h7t cord-351785-d35kqobp cord-351413-3nfukrfl cord-353041-qmpatq8m cord-351651-6dbt99h0 cord-353890-dzauzjm7 cord-352501-5c78kq0w cord-353173-5c4n4tsf cord-353867-617f90wq cord-355055-7m8on8ct cord-353592-gsvobusu cord-355066-jm07z3zk cord-352152-d3owtd98 cord-355291-fq0h895i cord-354345-p4ld0tun cord-353391-o0s2h0y0 cord-355471-vt7qovf7 cord-355133-s1az6o5c cord-356156-jjdkwalk cord-355905-av03suua cord-355095-4sxuppmo cord-351529-30apdn73 cord-355513-vgs96w3b cord-354619-pftjhtpo cord-355318-qm79gz8w Creating transaction Updating wrd table ===== Reducing urls cord-013317-s6ss95h6 cord-003640-psnec2qp cord-010334-7ce0xhjo cord-012462-q8u47hdp cord-262637-crqw59k1 cord-011536-rb8g5llp cord-268176-tb12txdf cord-258762-vabyyx01 cord-252894-c02v47jz cord-003612-bp7sray2 cord-281741-wzsrqc7p cord-013401-yh8cu1hx cord-268779-qbn3i2nq cord-012022-r3xkpwte cord-279864-5ouuu49v cord-264811-xbeipob9 cord-270948-qfsjtflv cord-258965-g47n531n cord-013420-0nmil3yt cord-270796-ixpt6jnr cord-285223-07o9irev cord-265786-nstd8xak cord-267034-s3hf4bo5 cord-272406-h22atwd4 cord-295513-q5f8d0ig cord-291916-5yqc3zcx cord-289451-yjrh5l4u cord-297618-9ka3y2y1 cord-296312-nh4poc71 cord-288392-khjo6j8u cord-296669-1md8j11e cord-301348-h21rnyww cord-303203-1kpw4ru0 cord-304780-lbq70q11 cord-302411-unoiwi4g cord-306690-s5mxes4r cord-302704-rj4le1qn cord-316990-kz9782rj cord-298156-d0pb1kik cord-318336-hslnkv6p cord-317449-xjo6r6yc cord-315037-lmur80te cord-324856-hf969tav cord-319226-yvgvyif0 cord-321913-zie2uv21 cord-314211-tv1nhojk cord-326851-0jxdnm1l cord-341105-3uvbfp8c cord-348269-6z0kiapa cord-334282-8fni03cj cord-343701-x5rghsbs cord-353482-dz343h7t cord-353890-dzauzjm7 cord-355055-7m8on8ct cord-355318-qm79gz8w Creating transaction Updating url table ===== Reducing named entities cord-013317-s6ss95h6 cord-262567-gojbccmz cord-010334-7ce0xhjo cord-003640-psnec2qp cord-034351-5br4faov cord-012462-q8u47hdp cord-262637-crqw59k1 cord-253000-nwbmxepi cord-011906-ek7joi0m cord-012515-dxu7ajse cord-011537-e20zaosw cord-002184-964tbh7d cord-013385-6nq4yzvz cord-013390-i5h7ob3n cord-268176-tb12txdf cord-013405-68777jts cord-271898-cct702cv cord-258762-vabyyx01 cord-011536-rb8g5llp cord-264560-hxvadp24 cord-269969-xl1ooxoj cord-271887-blwrpf38 cord-252870-52fjx7s4 cord-255228-nopt5ql5 cord-002438-b8t4a57r cord-274459-781by93r cord-256041-k4y6t0i5 cord-281741-wzsrqc7p cord-003612-bp7sray2 cord-264133-yj100ryt cord-252894-c02v47jz cord-268716-lbxmteyn cord-263518-6puccigu cord-254234-8w1z3un6 cord-257575-qumwrgng cord-262647-kkvekors cord-256636-z14anp3h cord-256004-rqdeac7h cord-259809-7glw6pir cord-011818-z89m8dur cord-268779-qbn3i2nq cord-013401-yh8cu1hx cord-267874-k6tmu5gi cord-011540-9jvoa8vr cord-012022-r3xkpwte cord-265937-f39md0vk cord-274778-wds40e6i cord-279864-5ouuu49v cord-283398-wplz8o2k cord-277228-zk4arqw5 cord-264811-xbeipob9 cord-279116-auo80gaq cord-277077-kwaiorp8 cord-270948-qfsjtflv cord-258965-g47n531n cord-266239-l0ulr2ep cord-267996-5l9shks8 cord-032625-u8qces3r cord-259149-svryhcgy cord-265786-nstd8xak cord-258915-lgee3ers cord-288184-fa1niz51 cord-013420-0nmil3yt cord-285223-07o9irev cord-255602-3pzh5ur9 cord-274774-klystgj4 cord-264798-s31gncge cord-283175-kh2rm2ir cord-270796-ixpt6jnr cord-254471-4lomiv5d cord-254633-7re0k0d1 cord-266257-hp11at50 cord-285386-kvo544hh cord-255119-l82o5fif cord-271765-altqn10l cord-272497-ww9o1kjr cord-278870-pct184oa cord-285513-pkqos0s5 cord-271853-wexe9gq0 cord-273565-0en2sl3q cord-283514-7rjo9k4d cord-284272-68ykes60 cord-287426-tzqke3ci cord-285526-xm9yj5ua cord-283537-49ic7p3u cord-281961-5mdiwzvc 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cord-346258-xlyi0cnl cord-350006-c4be9eii cord-350031-2c9x55hx cord-351880-iqr419fp cord-353890-dzauzjm7 cord-351785-d35kqobp cord-353482-dz343h7t cord-353041-qmpatq8m cord-352501-5c78kq0w cord-351651-6dbt99h0 cord-353391-o0s2h0y0 cord-353173-5c4n4tsf cord-352152-d3owtd98 cord-354619-pftjhtpo cord-353867-617f90wq cord-351529-30apdn73 cord-354345-p4ld0tun cord-355055-7m8on8ct cord-353592-gsvobusu cord-355095-4sxuppmo cord-355066-jm07z3zk cord-355291-fq0h895i cord-356156-jjdkwalk cord-355318-qm79gz8w cord-355133-s1az6o5c cord-355471-vt7qovf7 cord-355513-vgs96w3b cord-355905-av03suua Creating transaction Updating ent table ===== Reducing parts of speech cord-013317-s6ss95h6 cord-034351-5br4faov cord-262567-gojbccmz cord-012462-q8u47hdp cord-012515-dxu7ajse cord-262637-crqw59k1 cord-010334-7ce0xhjo cord-011537-e20zaosw cord-002184-964tbh7d cord-253000-nwbmxepi cord-003640-psnec2qp cord-013385-6nq4yzvz cord-271898-cct702cv cord-264560-hxvadp24 cord-011906-ek7joi0m cord-013405-68777jts 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cord-296669-1md8j11e cord-299521-igo40dbs cord-288394-h9hozu9j cord-303203-1kpw4ru0 cord-301348-h21rnyww cord-300338-duhyb754 cord-302411-unoiwi4g cord-293861-n6733nfd cord-306690-s5mxes4r cord-302704-rj4le1qn cord-297378-quyehjr1 cord-302553-d0hk4ipg cord-312094-czuw4t7i cord-306504-0wq7rc6s cord-310165-xj025ruz cord-294593-mh1uh1b3 cord-313356-ninzeazy cord-291113-iizj932l cord-313869-3x2qf3yu cord-316990-kz9782rj cord-307362-1bxx4db2 cord-308005-t0bf5nos cord-307038-c58mzcu9 cord-307285-bxy0zsc7 cord-299797-s1zdmf2u cord-302239-2sxy3spd cord-304996-st1nn3pc cord-314733-fyximykl cord-313887-8sabsrgy cord-306551-qf7h9m78 cord-317449-xjo6r6yc cord-311311-rmv5rfst cord-302847-d5serpz5 cord-301264-lkfhtb1w cord-308957-s2hjge6s cord-298156-d0pb1kik cord-318336-hslnkv6p cord-307133-bm9z8gss cord-308319-1l6xooyz cord-310215-11srk6iq cord-314539-6vvgov43 cord-312265-48odnlal cord-318528-yc0jw3s1 cord-313591-hb3gqksg cord-320208-uih4jf8w cord-315037-lmur80te cord-306304-2yf3f1kg cord-308652-i6q23olv cord-319899-nso0ob27 cord-324856-hf969tav cord-315197-4wnes04g cord-319226-yvgvyif0 cord-325963-d0hvukbu cord-321913-zie2uv21 cord-314211-tv1nhojk cord-329640-10trdf87 cord-320914-zf54jfol cord-328784-9r5td4vy cord-317667-8ya8tvv2 cord-318061-xe8lljz0 cord-323898-054gv684 cord-324092-ertcvh8x cord-318944-13zk6cco cord-331718-rjggiklf cord-326643-obfvi3ms cord-332673-av2vt54r cord-325722-ixozph19 cord-330583-ltkpt80u cord-327300-dvlb61tw cord-323372-770sos8m cord-326851-0jxdnm1l cord-332977-884z6qrq cord-329536-3xsncmyi cord-332828-a4ck2ddp cord-334282-8fni03cj cord-332387-rmmmhrjy cord-332496-xxz6qd3i cord-333015-xgudk2h0 cord-334638-au5sqzxw cord-334711-58ygbyiz cord-334889-mn8ctg6x cord-337581-3rmrkq1k cord-337316-ialg7d7e cord-336614-u6alc6rs cord-338580-zszeldfv cord-337219-d81v8b4j cord-338578-e0aiknb6 cord-339401-jv0rse14 cord-339517-93nuovsj cord-339835-ze9ay2rm cord-339324-ab0ecwvw cord-340128-qxkopvot cord-340545-mgq3a4t9 cord-339503-nutc1mvz cord-341620-nmrkhx5t cord-341616-ts98sfxx cord-340889-ff35696d cord-341661-sokoghh1 cord-340882-why0t9ld cord-343701-x5rghsbs cord-345991-d26y5291 cord-346258-xlyi0cnl cord-346194-l8svzjp2 cord-348994-ly2fop7d cord-351529-30apdn73 cord-348012-idflfwpb cord-349144-cvmebr3f cord-349313-2gupfqnl cord-344075-ucd6ooob cord-343767-nnx8adtl cord-348717-qgny6f6y cord-350006-c4be9eii cord-347126-hvrly37e cord-350031-2c9x55hx cord-351413-3nfukrfl cord-341105-3uvbfp8c cord-351100-llyl97ry cord-351880-iqr419fp cord-350059-c25md0vm cord-351785-d35kqobp cord-348269-6z0kiapa cord-342415-j3fv7u2d cord-353173-5c4n4tsf cord-353041-qmpatq8m cord-353890-dzauzjm7 cord-353482-dz343h7t cord-346388-j6pajd68 cord-351651-6dbt99h0 cord-352152-d3owtd98 cord-354619-pftjhtpo cord-353391-o0s2h0y0 cord-352501-5c78kq0w cord-354345-p4ld0tun cord-353867-617f90wq cord-355095-4sxuppmo cord-353592-gsvobusu cord-356156-jjdkwalk cord-355055-7m8on8ct cord-355066-jm07z3zk cord-355291-fq0h895i cord-355133-s1az6o5c cord-355513-vgs96w3b cord-355905-av03suua cord-355471-vt7qovf7 cord-355318-qm79gz8w Creating transaction Updating pos table Building ./etc/reader.txt cord-355318-qm79gz8w cord-262927-mehijkzo cord-301264-lkfhtb1w cord-013385-6nq4yzvz cord-306690-s5mxes4r cord-329536-3xsncmyi number of items: 255 sum of words: 1,568,617 average size in words: 6,299 average readability score: 48 nouns: health; study; data; people; number; cases; model; risk; studies; pandemic; population; time; patients; analysis; disease; research; results; information; factors; use; age; level; self; food; infection; countries; participants; measures; care; impact; outbreak; work; effects; media; children; behavior; variables; community; effect; life; group; control; students; coronavirus; years; transmission; symptoms; case; virus; response verbs: using; shown; included; based; reported; related; increasing; provided; finding; consider; associated; following; compared; identify; made; developed; reduce; indicating; perceive; taking; affect; improve; needed; confirmed; conducted; assessing; according; caused; predict; see; presented; leading; suggest; analyzed; performed; measured; represent; working; obtained; given; focused; supported; regarded; examined; understood; infected; required; estimate; applied; become adjectives: social; public; covid-19; high; different; higher; significant; physical; new; psychological; first; positive; important; low; infectious; online; mental; respiratory; many; environmental; medical; non; local; negative; human; current; specific; total; lower; clinical; previous; global; possible; available; general; older; personal; several; severe; similar; emotional; economic; large; dental; greater; potential; main; future; effective; national adverbs: also; however; well; therefore; significantly; even; respectively; especially; first; often; moreover; furthermore; finally; particularly; still; less; directly; specifically; mainly; additionally; highly; statistically; already; much; positively; relatively; almost; rather; currently; generally; approximately; frequently; now; usually; least; online; potentially; hence; always; rapidly; previously; worldwide; together; negatively; effectively; far; better; second; strongly; similarly pronouns: it; their; we; they; our; its; them; i; you; themselves; us; your; my; her; one; his; she; me; he; itself; oneself; himself; yourself; him; myself; herself; ourselves; em; covid-19; 's; u; theirs; ours; ≤four; ζ; β; zoo-; ya; tuberculosis; t; mine; mg; m; igm/; https://www.wenjuan.com/; ehl; cord-318336-hslnkv6p; 19–27; -1840 proper nouns: COVID-19; Health; China; SARS; Table; Wuhan; CoV-2; March; Coronavirus; Public; January; April; Italy; World; MERS; Figure; Disease; United; Korea; Social; USA; Spain; South; •; CoV; States; February; Organization; Environ; Study; Res; Int; National; Hong; Analysis; Saudi; Kong; J; Arabia; University; A; Pandemic; Care; Africa; Review; May; Impact; Control; Research; sha keywords: covid-19; health; china; sars; study; social; patient; wuhan; pandemic; model; march; work; self; saudi; risk; mers; dental; taiwan; stress; psychological; food; child; age; student; spain; ppe; pcr; old; korea; kong; italy; hong; coronavirus; chinese; april; air; woman; virus; population; physical; perception; people; n95; medium; measure; kenya; internet; infection; impact; exercise one topic; one dimension: health file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7558704/ titles(s): Are Health Literacy and Lifestyle of Undergraduates Related to the Educational Field? An Italian Survey three topics; one dimension: covid; health; health file(s): https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165648, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7369880/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32471083/ titles(s): The Global Emergency of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): An Update of the Current Status and Forecasting | Mind over Matter: Testing the Efficacy of an Online Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Distraction from Smartphone Use | Covid-19 Pandemic: What Changes for Dentists and Oral Medicine Experts? A Narrative Review and Novel Approaches to Infection Containment five topics; three dimensions: health social study; covid cases number; health research social; covid patients health; study cruise studies file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7369880/, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165648, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32751898/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32471083/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7503962/ titles(s): Mind over Matter: Testing the Efficacy of an Online Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Distraction from Smartphone Use | The Global Emergency of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): An Update of the Current Status and Forecasting | Connecting at Local Level: Exploring Opportunities for Future Design of Technology to Support Social Connections in Age-friendly Communities | Covid-19 Pandemic: What Changes for Dentists and Oral Medicine Experts? A Narrative Review and Novel Approaches to Infection Containment | Impacts of Thresholds of Gray Value for Cone-Beam Computed Tomography 3D Reconstruction on the Accuracy of Image Matching with Optical Scan Type: cord title: journal-intJEnvironResPublicHealth-cord date: 2021-05-30 time: 15:05 username: emorgan patron: Eric Morgan email: emorgan@nd.edu input: facet_journal:"Int J Environ Res Public Health" ==== make-pages.sh htm files ==== make-pages.sh complex files ==== make-pages.sh named enities ==== making bibliographics id: cord-324856-hf969tav author: Abir, Tanvir title: Factors Associated with the Perception of Risk and Knowledge of Contracting the SARS-Cov-2 among Adults in Bangladesh: Analysis of Online Surveys date: 2020-07-21 words: 4144.0 sentences: 221.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-324856-hf969tav.txt txt: ./txt/cord-324856-hf969tav.txt summary: title: Factors Associated with the Perception of Risk and Knowledge of Contracting the SARS-Cov-2 among Adults in Bangladesh: Analysis of Online Surveys Since the sheer illness of the whole country is sufficient to destroy the health care system, this current study is to examine changes of individual perception of risk for contracting SARS-Cov-2, and the awareness level in Bangladesh during the early and late lockdowns implemented by the government of Bangladesh. In this study, males who were worried about contracting SARS-Cov-2 were more likely to perceive themselves as being at high risk of contracting the infection, as well as those who did not quarantine themselves or only did so at the request of the public health officers. Moreover, in India, it was found that a higher level of knowledge on COVID-19 was associated with the high-risk perception of contracting the infection during the consistent lockdown period [28] . abstract: This study investigated the perception and awareness of risk among adult participants in Bangladesh about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). During the lockdown era in Bangladesh at two different time points, from 26−31 March 2020 (early lockdown) and 11−16 May 2020 (late lockdown), two self-administered online surveys were conducted on 1005 respondents (322 and 683 participants, respectively) via social media. To examine risk perception and knowledge-related factors towards COVID-19, univariate and multiple linear regression models were employed. Scores of mean knowledge (8.4 vs. 8.1, p = 0.022) and perception of risk (11.2 vs. 10.6, p < 0.001) differed significantly between early and late lockdown. There was a significant decrease in perceived risk scores for contracting SARS-Cov-2 [β = −0.85, 95%CI: −1.31, −0.39], while knowledge about SARS-Cov-2 decreased insignificantly [β = −0.22, 95%CI: −0.46, 0.03] in late lockdown compared with early lockdown period. Self-quarantine was a common factor linked to increased perceived risks and knowledge of SARS-Cov-2 during the lockdown period. Any effort to increase public awareness and comprehension of SARS-Cov-2 in Bangladesh will then offer preference to males, who did not practice self-quarantine and are less worried about the propagation of this kind of virus. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32708161/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145252 id: cord-327300-dvlb61tw author: Abu, Thelma Zulfawu title: When It Is Not Measured, How Then Will It Be Planned for? WaSH a Critical Indicator for Universal Health Coverage in Kenya date: 2020-08-08 words: 8737.0 sentences: 436.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-327300-dvlb61tw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-327300-dvlb61tw.txt summary: The quality and safety of healthcare facility (HCF) services are critical to achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and yet the WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring program for water supply, sanitation and hygiene report indicates that only 51% and 23% of HCF in Sub-Saharan Africa have basic access to water and sanitation, respectively. Therefore, this paper reviews the framing of WaSH in healthcare facilities in relevant global and country-level institutional documents (policies, legislations, guides, plans and monitoring tools) using Kenya as a case study. Guided by the political ecology of health theory this paper explored the framing of WaSH in healthcare facilities in relevant policies, guidelines, legislation, plans, monitoring and evaluation documents at the global and national context using Kenya as a case study. abstract: The quality and safety of healthcare facility (HCF) services are critical to achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and yet the WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring program for water supply, sanitation and hygiene report indicates that only 51% and 23% of HCF in Sub-Saharan Africa have basic access to water and sanitation, respectively. Global commitments on improving access to water, sanitation, hygiene, waste management and environmental cleaning (WaSH) in HCF as part of implementing UHC have surged since 2015. Guided by political ecology of health theory, we explored the country level commitment to ensuring access to WaSH in HCFs as part of piloting UHC in Kisumu, Kenya. Through content analysis, 17 relevant policy documents were systematically reviewed using NVIVO. None of the national documents mentioned all the component of WaSH in healthcare facilities. Furthermore, these WaSH components are not measured as part of the universal health coverage pilot. Comprehensively incorporating WaSH measurement and monitoring in HCFs in the context of UHC policies creates a foundation for achieving SDG 6. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784498/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165746 id: cord-341661-sokoghh1 author: Ahmed, Muhammad Adeel title: Fear and Practice Modifications among Dentists to Combat Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak date: 2020-04-19 words: 4613.0 sentences: 225.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-341661-sokoghh1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-341661-sokoghh1.txt summary: The current study was conducted to assess anxiety and fear of getting infected among dentists while working during the current novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) outbreak. Considering the current rapid spread of infection, the American Dental Association (ADA) highlighted key steps to be taken by dentists in addition to the standard universal precautions such as taking patients'' recent travel history; assessing signs and symptoms of RTI; recording patients'' body temperature; mouth rinsing with 1% hydrogen peroxide prior to commencement of any procedure; using a rubber dam and high volume suction during procedures; and frequently cleaning and disinfecting public contact areas including door handles, chairs and, washrooms [13] . The present cross-sectional study reported the anxiety and fear of getting infected among dentists while working during the current viral outbreak. abstract: An outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China has influenced every aspect of life. Healthcare professionals, especially dentists, are exposed to a higher risk of getting infected due to close contact with infected patients. The current study was conducted to assess anxiety and fear of getting infected among dentists while working during the current novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) outbreak. In addition, dentists’ knowledge about various practice modifications to combat COVID-19 has been evaluated. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey from 10th to 17th March 2020. The well-constructed questionnaire was designed and registered at online website (Kwiksurveys) and validated. A total of 669 participants from 30 different countries across the world responded. After scrutiny, completed questionnaires (n = 650) were included in the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Chi-Square and Spearman correlation tests were applied to control confounders and assess the relation of dentists’ response with respect to gender and educational level. More than two-thirds of the general dental practitioners (78%) from 30 countries questioned were anxious and scared by the devastating effects of COVID-19. A large number of dentists (90%) were aware of recent changes in the treatment protocols. However, execution of amended treatment protocol was recorded as 61%. The majority of the dentists (76%) were working in the hospital setting out of which 74% were from private, and 20% were from government setups. Individually we received a large number of responses from Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, but collectively more than 50% of the responses were from other parts of the world. Despite having a high standard of knowledge and practice, dental practitioners around the globe are in a state of anxiety and fear while working in their respective fields due to the COVID-19 pandemic impact on humanity. A number of dental practices have either modified their services according to the recommended guidelines to emergency treatment only or closed down practices for an uncertain period. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32325888/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082821 id: cord-254234-8w1z3un6 author: Ahmed, Shahira A. title: Cryptosporidium and Cryptosporidiosis: The Perspective from the Gulf Countries date: 2020-09-18 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The present review discusses the burden of cryptosporidiosis in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), which is underreported and underestimated. It emphasizes that the Cryptosporidium parasite is infecting inhabitants and expatriates in the Gulf countries. Children under 5 years are a vulnerable group that is particularly affected by this parasitic disease and can act as carriers, who contribute to the epidemiology of the disease most probably via recreational swimming pools. Various risk factors for cryptosporidiosis in the GCC countries are present, including expatriates, predisposing populations to the infection. Water contamination, imported food, animal contact, and air transmission are also discussed in detail, to address their significant role as a source of infection and, thus, their impact on disease epidemiology in the Gulf countries’ populations. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32962045/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186824 id: cord-351413-3nfukrfl author: Al-Ahmadi, Khalid title: Spatiotemporal Clustering of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Incidence in Saudi Arabia, 2012–2019 date: 2019-07-15 words: 4542.0 sentences: 209.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-351413-3nfukrfl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-351413-3nfukrfl.txt summary: title: Spatiotemporal Clustering of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Incidence in Saudi Arabia, 2012–2019 We analyzed the spatiotemporal clustering of the MERS-CoV incidence in Saudi Arabia between 2012 and 2019 at the city level by using Kulldorff''s spatial scan statistics via SaTScan 9.6 [39] . The results of the spatiotemporal cluster analysis of MERS-CoV infection, using years and months as the time aggregates from 2012 to 2019, showed significant most likely and secondary clusters in Saudi Arabia (Table 3; Table 4 and Figure 5 ; Figure 6 ). Wadi The results of the spatiotemporal cluster analysis of MERS-CoV infection, using years and months as the time aggregates from 2012 to 2019, showed significant most likely and secondary clusters in Saudi Arabia (Table 3; Table 4 and Figure 5 ; Figure 6 ). Community case clusters of middle east respiratory syndrome Coronavirus in Hafr Al-Batin, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A descriptive genomic study abstract: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a great public health concern globally. Although 83% of the globally confirmed cases have emerged in Saudi Arabia, the spatiotemporal clustering of MERS-CoV incidence has not been investigated. This study analysed the spatiotemporal patterns and clusters of laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV cases reported in Saudi Arabia between June 2012 and March 2019. Temporal, seasonal, spatial and spatiotemporal cluster analyses were performed using Kulldorff’s spatial scan statistics to determine the time period and geographical areas with the highest MERS-CoV infection risk. A strongly significant temporal cluster for MERS-CoV infection risk was identified between April 5 and May 24, 2014. Most MERS-CoV infections occurred during the spring season (41.88%), with April and May showing significant seasonal clusters. Wadi Addawasir showed a high-risk spatial cluster for MERS-CoV infection. The most likely high-risk MERS-CoV annual spatiotemporal clusters were identified for a group of cities (n = 10) in Riyadh province between 2014 and 2016. A monthly spatiotemporal cluster included Jeddah, Makkah and Taif cities, with the most likely high-risk MERS-CoV infection cluster occurring between April and May 2014. Significant spatiotemporal clusters of MERS-CoV incidence were identified in Saudi Arabia. The findings are relevant to control the spread of the disease. This study provides preliminary risk assessments for the further investigation of the environmental risk factors associated with MERS-CoV clusters. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31311073/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph16142520 id: cord-272497-ww9o1kjr author: Al-Anzi, Bader S. title: An Overview of the World Current and Future Assessment of Novel COVID-19 Trajectory, Impact, and Potential Preventive Strategies at Healthcare Settings date: 2020-09-25 words: 8892.0 sentences: 396.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-272497-ww9o1kjr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-272497-ww9o1kjr.txt summary: The current study aims to assess the trajectory of the recent pandemic due to the COVID-19 outbreak utilizing a new splitting methodology of the selected countries into two groups and developing regression-based and SIR-based statistical models and tools that depict the actual recorded data of COVID-19. Figure 1 was generated to show the recorded daily total infected cases of the world over a certain timeframe (22 January 2020 until present), which shows that the COVID-19 disease started to increase slowly until about 11 March and then accelerated at a faster speed afterwards. Figure 1 was generated to show the recorded daily total infected cases of the world over a certain timeframe (22 January 2020 until present), which shows that the COVID-19 disease started to increase slowly until about 11 March and then accelerated at a faster speed afterwards. abstract: This study is an overview of the current and future trajectory, as well as the impact of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in the world and selected countries including the state of Kuwait. The selected countries were divided into two groups: Group A (China, Switzerland, and Ireland) and Group B (USA, Brazil, and India) based on their outbreak containment of this virus. Then, the actual data for each country were fitted to a regression model utilizing the excel solver software to assess the current and future trajectory of novel COVID-19 and its impact. In addition, the data were fitted using the Susceptible–Infected–Recovered (SIR) Model. The Group A trajectory showed an “S” shape trend that suited a logistic function with r(2) > 0.97, which is an indication of the outbreak control. The SIR models for the countries in this group showed that they passed the expected 99% end of pandemic dates. Group B, however, exhibited a continuous increase of the total COVID-19 new cases, that best suited an exponential growth model with r(2) > 0.97, which meant that the outbreak is still uncontrolled. The SIR models for the countries in this group showed that they are still relatively far away from reaching the expected 97% end of pandemic dates. The maximum death percentage varied from 3.3% (India) to 7.2% with USA recording the highest death percentage, which is virtually equal to the maximum death percentage of the world (7.3%). The power of the exponential model determines the severity of the country’s trajectory that ranged from 11 to 19 with the USA and Brazil having the highest values. The maximum impact of this COVID-19 pandemic occurred during the uncontrolled stage (2), which mainly depended on the deceptive stage (1). Further, some novel potential containment strategies are discussed. Results from both models showed that the Group A countries contained the outbreak, whereas the Group B countries still have not reached this stage yet. Early measures and containment strategies are imperative in suppressing the spread of COVID-19. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32992809/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197016 id: cord-332828-a4ck2ddp author: Alboaneen, Dabiah title: Predicting the Epidemiological Outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Saudi Arabia date: 2020-06-25 words: 2888.0 sentences: 165.0 pages: flesch: 57.0 cache: ./cache/cord-332828-a4ck2ddp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-332828-a4ck2ddp.txt summary: We used two models: the Logistic Growth and the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered for real-time forecasting the confirmed cases of COVID-19 across Saudi Arabia. This article aims to give a local prediction of the epidemic peak for COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia by using the real-time data from 2 March 2020 to 15 May 2020. In [18] , a mathematical model was developed to predict the effects of implementing government restrictions to contain COVID-19 epidemic on the number of infection cases in China. We present predictions for reported cases of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia from 2 March to 15 May 2020 using mathematical modeling and simulation. Predicting the cumulative number of cases for the COVID-19 epidemic in China from early data Estimating the unreported number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) cases in China in the first half of January 2020: A data-driven Modelling analysis of the early outbreak abstract: The coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak continues to spread rapidly across the world and has been declared as pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO). Saudi Arabia was among the countries that was affected by the deadly and contagious virus. Using a real-time data from 2 March 2020 to 15 May 2020 collected from Saudi Ministry of Health, we aimed to give a local prediction of the epidemic in Saudi Arabia. We used two models: the Logistic Growth and the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered for real-time forecasting the confirmed cases of COVID-19 across Saudi Arabia. Our models predicted that the epidemics of COVID-19 will have total cases of 69,000 to 79,000 cases. The simulations also predicted that the outbreak will entering the final-phase by end of June 2020. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32630363/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124568 id: cord-348012-idflfwpb author: Alcover, Carlos-María title: Group Membership and Social and Personal Identities as Psychosocial Coping Resources to Psychological Consequences of the COVID-19 Confinement date: 2020-10-12 words: 8758.0 sentences: 393.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-348012-idflfwpb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-348012-idflfwpb.txt summary: Our results show that identity-resources (membership continuity/new group memberships, and personal identity strength) are positively related to process-resources (social support and perceived personal control), and that both are related to better perceived mental health, lower levels of anxiety and depression, and higher well-being (life satisfaction and resilience) during confinement. Based on this model, our study explores whether: (1) group memberships (specifically, membership continuity and new memberships) and personal identity strength, considered as identity-resources derived from group social identities, and (2) social support (received and provided) and perceived personal control, considered as process-resources derived from the identity-resources, are related to well-being and psychological health in the confinement experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on this model, our study explores whether: (1) group memberships (specifically, membership continuity and new memberships) and personal identity strength, considered as identity-resources derived from group social identities, and (2) social support (received and provided) and perceived personal control, considered as process-resources derived from the identity-resources, are related to well-being and psychological health in the confinement experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. abstract: The confinement imposed by measures to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic may in the short and medium term have psychological and psychosocial consequences affecting the well-being and mental health of individuals. This study aims to explore the role played by group membership and social and personal identities as coping resources to face the experience of the COVID-19 confinement and radical disruption of social, work, family and personal life in a sample of 421 people who have experienced a month of strict confinement in the Region of Madrid. Our results show that identity-resources (membership continuity/new group memberships, and personal identity strength) are positively related to process-resources (social support and perceived personal control), and that both are related to better perceived mental health, lower levels of anxiety and depression, and higher well-being (life satisfaction and resilience) during confinement. These results, in addition to providing relevant information about the psychological consequences of this experience, constitute a solid basis for the design of psychosocial interventions based on group memberships and social identity as coping resources. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33053738/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207413 id: cord-268779-qbn3i2nq author: Alrasheed, Hend title: COVID-19 Spread in Saudi Arabia: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis date: 2020-10-23 words: 10876.0 sentences: 628.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-268779-qbn3i2nq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-268779-qbn3i2nq.txt summary: In this work, we propose a simulation model for the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Saudi Arabia using a network-based epidemic model. The proposed model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the control measures employed by the Saudi government, to predict the future dynamics of the disease in Saudi Arabia according to different scenarios, and to investigate multiple vaccination strategies. We aimed to match the model simulations with empirical data and then used the model to evaluate the effectiveness of the control measures employed by the Saudi government, to predict the future dynamics of the disease in Saudi Arabia according to different scenarios, and to predict the percentage of individuals that must be vaccinated to stop the outbreak (when a vaccine becomes available). Volz [35] modeled SIR dynamics on a static random network, which represents the population structure of susceptible and infected individuals and their contact patterns with an arbitrary degree distribution. abstract: The novel coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-Coronavirus-2 (CoV-2) has resulted in an ongoing pandemic and has affected over 200 countries around the world. Mathematical epidemic models can be used to predict the course of an epidemic and develop methods for controlling it. As social contact is a key factor in disease spreading, modeling epidemics on contact networks has been increasingly used. In this work, we propose a simulation model for the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Saudi Arabia using a network-based epidemic model. We generated a contact network that captures realistic social behaviors and dynamics of individuals in Saudi Arabia. The proposed model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the control measures employed by the Saudi government, to predict the future dynamics of the disease in Saudi Arabia according to different scenarios, and to investigate multiple vaccination strategies. Our results suggest that Saudi Arabia would have faced a nationwide peak of the outbreak on 21 April 2020 with a total of approximately 26 million infections had it not imposed strict control measures. The results also indicate that social distancing plays a crucial role in determining the future local dynamics of the epidemic. Our results also show that the closure of schools and mosques had the maximum impact on delaying the epidemic peak and slowing down the infection rate. If a vaccine does not become available and no social distancing is practiced from 10 June 2020, our predictions suggest that the epidemic will end in Saudi Arabia at the beginning of November with over 13 million infected individuals, and it may take only 15 days to end the epidemic after 70% of the population receive a vaccine. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33113936/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17217744 id: cord-288409-idq780jb author: Alsahafi, Abdullah J. title: Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours of Healthcare Workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to MERS Coronavirus and Other Emerging Infectious Diseases date: 2016-12-06 words: 2618.0 sentences: 124.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-288409-idq780jb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-288409-idq780jb.txt summary: title: Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours of Healthcare Workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to MERS Coronavirus and Other Emerging Infectious Diseases Objectives: The aim of this survey was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, infection control practices and educational needs of HCWs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to MERS coronavirus and other emerging infectious diseases. The majority of respondents believed that patients with MERS-CoV and other emerging infectious diseases should be managed in specialised centres, but a significant proportion also agreed that general hospitals also had a role in managing such patients. A high proportion of respondents agreed that emergency department overcrowding, poor hand hygiene and mask use contributed to the risk of HCW being infected with MERS-CoV. This study also showed significant proportion with personal experience of MERS-CoV either as HCW at institutions caring for cases or being investigated for possible infection following contact with cases [10] . abstract: Background: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has experienced a prolonged outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus since 2012. Healthcare workers (HCWs) form a significant risk group for infection. Objectives: The aim of this survey was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, infection control practices and educational needs of HCWs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to MERS coronavirus and other emerging infectious diseases. Methods: 1500 of HCWs from Saudi Ministry of Health were invited to fill a questionnaire developed to cover the survey objectives from 9 September 2015 to 8 November 2015. The response rate was about 81%. Descriptive statistics was used to summarise the responses. Results: 1216 HCWs were included in this survey. A total of 56.5% were nurses and 22% were physicians. The most common sources of MERS-coronavirus (MERS-CoV) information were the Ministry of Health (MOH) memo (74.3%). Only (47.6%) of the physicians, (30.4%) of the nurses and (29.9%) of the other HCWs were aware that asymptomatic MERS-CoV was described. Around half of respondents who having been investigated for MERS-CoV reported that their work performance decreased while they have suspicion of having MERS-CoV and almost two thirds reported having psychological problems during this period. Almost two thirds of the HCWs (61.2%) reported anxiety about contracting MERS-CoV from patients. Conclusions: The knowledge about emerging infectious diseases was poor and there is need for further education and training programs particularly in the use of personal protective equipment, isolation and infection control measures. The self-reported infection control practices were sub-optimal and seem to be overestimated. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27929452/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph13121214 id: cord-332673-av2vt54r author: Alwashmi, Meshari F. title: The Use of Digital Health in the Detection and Management of COVID-19 date: 2020-04-23 words: 3021.0 sentences: 175.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-332673-av2vt54r.txt txt: ./txt/cord-332673-av2vt54r.txt summary: This commentary explores the potential of implementing digital technologies that can be used at different stages of the COVID-19 outbreak, including data-driven disease surveillance, screening, triage, diagnosis, and monitoring. During the outbreak of Ebola and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), digital health (DH) demonstrated its potential in detecting and fighting global epidemics [2] [3] [4] . This article reveals that digital technologies can be used at different stages of the COVID-19 outbreak, including data-driven disease surveillance, screening, triage, diagnosis, and monitoring. Online surveillance-mapping tools, such as the Surveillance and Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System (SORMAS) [9] , as well as HealthMap [10] , have the potential to improve the early detection of infectious diseases in comparison to traditional epidemiological tools [2] . The app has the potential to include real-time updates of evidence-based guidelines during a global pandemic to inform the general population and healthcare providers. abstract: Digital health is uniquely positioned to enhance the way we detect and manage infectious diseases. This commentary explores the potential of implementing digital technologies that can be used at different stages of the COVID-19 outbreak, including data-driven disease surveillance, screening, triage, diagnosis, and monitoring. Methods that could potentially reduce the exposure of healthcare providers to the virus are also discussed. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082906 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082906 id: cord-264133-yj100ryt author: Anderson, Gregory S. title: Peer Support and Crisis-Focused Psychological Interventions Designed to Mitigate Post-Traumatic Stress Injuries among Public Safety and Frontline Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review date: 2020-10-20 words: 6344.0 sentences: 285.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt txt: ./txt/cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt summary: Thematic groups identified within the literature included CISD (n = 5: included 2 studies with undefined organizationally-offered or -facilitated debriefing) and critical incident stress management (CISM, n = 1), as well as several peer support programs (n = 8) including types of psychological or mental health first aid and trauma risk management. Thematic groups identified within the literature included CISD (n = 5: included 2 studies with undefined organizationally-offered or -facilitated debriefing) and critical incident stress management (CISM, n = 1), as well as several peer support programs (n = 8) including types of psychological or mental health first aid and trauma risk management. The current review identified 14 studies measuring the effectiveness of peer support programs and crisis-focused psychological interventions among PSP and FHP following exposure to a PPTE with the hopes of mitigating PTSIs, and ultimately PTSD. abstract: Public safety personnel (PSP) and frontline healthcare professionals (FHP) are frequently exposed to potentially psychologically traumatic events (PPTEs), and report increased rates of post-traumatic stress injuries (PTSIs). Despite widespread implementation and repeated calls for research, effectiveness evidence for organizational post-exposure PTSI mitigation services remains lacking. The current systematic review synthesized and appraised recent (2008–December 2019) empirical research from 22 electronic databases following a population–intervention–comparison–outcome framework. Eligible studies investigated the effectiveness of organizational peer support and crisis-focused psychological interventions designed to mitigate PTSIs among PSP, FHP, and other PPTE-exposed workers. The review included 14 eligible studies (n = 18,849 participants) that were synthesized with qualitative narrative analyses. The absence of pre–post-evaluations and the use of inconsistent outcome measures precluded quantitative meta-analysis. Thematic services included diverse programming for critical incident stress debriefing, critical incident stress management, peer support, psychological first aid, and trauma risk management. Designs included randomized control trials, retrospective cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies. Outcome measures included PPTE impacts, absenteeism, substance use, suicide rates, psychiatric symptoms, risk assessments, stigma, and global assessments of functioning. Quality assessment indicated limited strength of evidence and failures to control for pre-existing PTSIs, which would significantly bias program effectiveness evaluations for reducing PTSIs post-PPTE. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33092146/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207645 id: cord-334282-8fni03cj author: Arvelo, Enrique title: Assessing the Distribution of Elderly Requiring Care: A Case Study on the Residents in Barcelona and the Impact of COVID-19 date: 2020-10-15 words: 8193.0 sentences: 396.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-334282-8fni03cj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-334282-8fni03cj.txt summary: Additionally, we found that the number of cases in each neighborhood was more correlated to the number of elderly people in the neighborhood than it was to the number of beds in assisted living or day care facilities in the neighborhood, despite the negative impact of COVID-19 cases on the reputation of this kind of center. A few publicly available variables that would be interesting to analyze to gauge the demand for elderly care in Barcelona are the Total Population, RFID (Spanish acronym of disposable household income index), Elderly Population, Elderly Population Living Alone, and Disabled Elderly Population. A few publicly available variables that would be interesting to analyze to gauge the demand for elderly care in Barcelona are the Total Population, RFID (Spanish acronym of disposable household income index), Elderly Population, Elderly Population Living Alone, and Disabled Elderly Population. abstract: In this work, we establish a methodological framework to analyze the care demand for elderly citizens in any area with a large proportion of elderly population, and to find connections to the cumulative incidence of COVID-19. Thanks to this analysis, it is possible to detect deficiencies in the public elderly care system, identify the most disadvantaged areas in this sense, and reveal convenient information to improve the system. The methods used in each step of the framework belong to data analytics: choropleth maps, clustering analysis, principal component analysis, or linear regression. We applied this methodology to Barcelona to analyze the distribution of the demand for elderly care services. Thus, we obtained a deeper understanding of how the demand for elderly care is dispersed throughout the city. Considering the characteristics that were likely to impact the demand for homecare in the neighborhoods, we clearly identified five groups of neighborhoods with different profiles and needs. Additionally, we found that the number of cases in each neighborhood was more correlated to the number of elderly people in the neighborhood than it was to the number of beds in assisted living or day care facilities in the neighborhood, despite the negative impact of COVID-19 cases on the reputation of this kind of center. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207486 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207486 id: cord-254633-7re0k0d1 author: Azarkamand, Sahar title: Review of Initiatives and Methodologies to Reduce CO(2) Emissions and Climate Change Effects in Ports date: 2020-05-29 words: 7936.0 sentences: 419.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-254633-7re0k0d1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-254633-7re0k0d1.txt summary: Given the importance of this topic, this paper gathers initiatives and methodologies that have been undertaken to calculate and reduce CO(2) emissions and climate change effects in ports. Most of the respondents of the Greenport survey (86%) considered that GHG emissions from shipping generated in the port area should be included as third-party emission in the carbon footprint calculation of the port. After that, the results of a research conducted on different existing methodologies to calculate CO 2 emissions in ports are presented, followed by an analysis of their strengths and opportunities for further development. Besides the studies in ports, research on the methods used to calculate CO 2 emissions and carbon footprint in port terminals has also been conducted. In this paper, initiatives to reduce the effects of climate change, carbon footprint and CO 2 emissions in ports have been studied to identify function and applicability. abstract: Ports are important infrastructures for economic growth and development. Among the most significant environmental aspects of ports that contribute to the issue of climate change are those due to carbon dioxide emissions generated by port activities. Given the importance of this topic, this paper gathers initiatives and methodologies that have been undertaken to calculate and reduce CO(2) emissions and climate change effects in ports. After studying these methodologies, their strengths and opportunities for further enhancement have been analyzed. The results show that, in recent years, several ports have started to calculate their carbon footprint and report it. However, in some of the cases, not all the sources of GHG gases that are occurring actually in ports are taken into account, such as emissions from waste treatment operations and employees’ commuting. On other occasions, scopes are not defined following standard guidelines. Furthermore, each authority or operator uses its own method to calculate CO(2) emissions, which makes the comparison of results difficult. For these reasons, this paper suggests the need for creating a standardized tool to calculate carbon footprint in ports, which will make it possible to establish a benchmark and a potential comparison of results among ports. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32485868/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113858 id: cord-277558-w2srv5em author: Babuna, Pius title: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Insurance Industry date: 2020-08-10 words: 1058.0 sentences: 81.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-277558-w2srv5em.txt txt: ./txt/cord-277558-w2srv5em.txt summary: This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the insurance industry by studying the case of Ghana from March to June 2020. Due to the cancellation of travels, events and other economic losses, the Ghanaian insurance industry witnessed a loss currently estimated at GH Ȼ112 million. Abstract: This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the insurance industry by studying the case of Ghana from March to June 2020. Due to the cancellation of travels, events and other economic losses, the Ghanaian insurance industry witnessed a loss currently estimated at GH Novel origin of the 1918 pandemic influenza virus nucleoprotein gene segment Novel swine-origin influenza virus A (H1N1): The first pandemic of the 21st century The Ebola epidemic: A global health emergency Newly discovered ebola virus associated with hemorrhagic fever outbreak in Uganda Assessing the Impact of a Pandemic on the Life Insurance Industry in South Africa abstract: This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the insurance industry by studying the case of Ghana from March to June 2020. With a parallel comparison to previous pandemics such as SARS-CoV, H1N1 and MERS, we developed outlines for simulating the impact of the pandemic on the insurance industry. The study used qualitative and quantitative interviews to estimate the impact of the pandemic. Presently, the trend is an economic recession with decreasing profits but increasing claims. Due to the cancellation of travels, events and other economic losses, the Ghanaian insurance industry witnessed a loss currently estimated at GH Ȼ112 million. Our comparison and forecast predicts a normalization of economic indicators from January 2021. In the meantime, while the pandemic persists, insurers should adapt to working from remote locations, train and equip staff to work under social distancing regulations, enhance cybersecurity protocols and simplify claims/premium processing using e-payment channels. It will require the collaboration of the Ghana Ministry of Health, Banking Sector, Police Department, Customs Excise and Preventive Service, other relevant Ministries and the international community to bring the pandemic to a stop. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784978/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165766 id: cord-304996-st1nn3pc author: Baggiani, Angelo title: Preparedness and Response to the COVID-19 Emergency: Experience from the Teaching Hospital of Pisa, Italy date: 2020-10-09 words: 3422.0 sentences: 185.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-304996-st1nn3pc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-304996-st1nn3pc.txt summary: In this case report, we aim to describe the key elements that have been identified and implemented in our center, a 1082-bed hospital located in the Pisa district, to rapidly respond to the COVID-19 outbreak in order to guarantee safety of patients and healthcare workers. Based on scientific data published since the start of the outbreak and previous experience from former outbreaks (SARS and MERS-CoV), the TF developed a technical procedure to face the pandemic, structured in five key domains: reorganization of hospital services, management of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients, management of corpses, guidelines for cleaning and disinfection, implementation of cleaning and disinfection procedures, and personal protective equipment. abstract: In Italy, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emergency took hold in Lombardy and Veneto at the end of February 2020 and spread unevenly among the other regions in the following weeks. In Tuscany, the progressive increase of hospitalized COVID-19 patients required the set-up of a regional task force to prepare for and effectively respond to the emergency. In this case report, we aim to describe the key elements that have been identified and implemented in our center, a 1082-bed hospital located in the Pisa district, to rapidly respond to the COVID-19 outbreak in order to guarantee safety of patients and healthcare workers. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33050318/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207376 id: cord-306504-0wq7rc6s author: Barakovic Husic, Jasmina title: Aging at Work: A Review of Recent Trends and Future Directions date: 2020-10-20 words: 6412.0 sentences: 443.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-306504-0wq7rc6s.txt txt: ./txt/cord-306504-0wq7rc6s.txt summary: In order to answer the research questions, we examined studies on the aging labour force that were published between January 2008 and August 2019, to recognize the trends in the literature written in English with respect to motivation issues and potential solutions. Older workers with high job satisfaction, development possibilities, affirmative relations to management, and no age discrimination stayed longer in the work market. Ageism, employment discrimination, gender, work [33] To investigate the age-related connection between job stress, extreme tiredness, prosperity, and associated personal, institutional, and community factors. Job/age/disability discrimination [36] To investigate the relation between psychosocial factors and pension intention of older employees, while considering healthiness and work ability. Older farmers, work-related musculoskeletal disorders, pension age [8] To investigate the action plans that workers use to acquire skills in software and complete assignments Exploratory study (interviews, surveys). abstract: Demographic data suggest a rapid aging trend in the active workforce. The concept of aging at work comes from the urgent requirement to help the aging workforce of the contemporary industries to maintain productivity while achieving a work and private life balance. While there is plenty of research focusing on the aging population, current research activities on policies covering the concept of aging at work are limited and conceptually different. This paper aims to review publications on aging at work, which could lead to the creation of a framework that targets governmental decision-makers, the non-governmental sector, the private sector, and all of those who are responsible for the formulation of policies on aging at work. In August 2019 we searched for peer-reviewed articles in English that were indexed in PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and Springer and published between 2008 and 2019. The keywords included the following phrases: “successful aging at work”, “active aging at work”, “healthy aging at work”, “productive aging at work”, and “older adults at work”. A total of 47,330 publications were found through database searching, and 25,187 publications were screened. Afterwards, 7756 screened publications were excluded from the further analysis, and a total of 17,431 article abstracts were evaluated for inclusion. Finally, further qualitative analysis included 1375 articles, of which about 24 are discussed in this article. The most prominent works suggest policies that encourage life-long learning, and a workforce that comprises both younger and older workers, as well as gradual retirement. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207659 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207659 id: cord-349144-cvmebr3f author: Barca, Ida title: Telemedicine in Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery: An Effective Alternative in Post COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-10-09 words: 4859.0 sentences: 200.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-349144-cvmebr3f.txt txt: ./txt/cord-349144-cvmebr3f.txt summary: The study was conducted at the MaxilloFacial Surgery Unit of "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, on two different groups of patients: a group of follow-up patients (A(1): patients in oncological follow-up after surgical treatment performed before the COVID-19 pandemic; A(2): suffering from chronic lesions such as precancerous lesions), and a group B of patients with first urgent visits (B(1): patients with suspected oncological pathology; B(2): patients with suspected urgent disease such as medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ), odontogenic abscesses, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation, etc.). Before being subjected to a remote visit, all patients were contacted by telephone for adherence to the protocol and to explain the limits of the method related to not performing a physical examination in person and submitting the COVID-19 screening questionnaire; the authorization to use telemedicine was obtained via recorded video or signature on a specific consent form and sent on the institutional email. abstract: The aim of this work was to demonstrate the advantages of using telemedicine (TM) in the management of the outpatients with maxillofacial surgical pathologies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was conducted at the MaxilloFacial Surgery Unit of “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, on two different groups of patients: a group of follow-up patients (A(1): patients in oncological follow-up after surgical treatment performed before the COVID-19 pandemic; A(2): suffering from chronic lesions such as precancerous lesions), and a group B of patients with first urgent visits (B(1): patients with suspected oncological pathology; B(2): patients with suspected urgent disease such as medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ), odontogenic abscesses, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation, etc.). Participation in the study required possession of a smartphone with Internet access, e-mail and the use of a messaging service (WhatsApp or Telegram) to send photos and messages; completion by the patient of a COVID-19 screening questionnaire; submission of a satisfaction questionnaire by the doctors and patients. A total of 90 patients were included in this study. A high percentage of satisfaction emerged from the analysis of the satisfaction questionnaires of both patients and doctors.TM thus represents an excellent opportunity to improve accessibility to oncological and non-management activities, reducing the risk of Covid-19 dissemination and should be promoted and implemented in the post-pandemic era. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207365 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207365 id: cord-344075-ucd6ooob author: Bartoszek, Adrian title: Mental Well-Being (Depression, Loneliness, Insomnia, Daily Life Fatigue) during COVID-19 Related Home-Confinement—A Study from Poland date: 2020-10-12 words: 4515.0 sentences: 238.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt summary: title: Mental Well-Being (Depression, Loneliness, Insomnia, Daily Life Fatigue) during COVID-19 Related Home-Confinement—A Study from Poland The aim of the study was to measure indicators of mental well-being in a Polish sample with regard to selected sociodemographic and health behavior data during home confinement related to COVID-19 pandemic. For this reason, our study aimed to measure mental well-being (levels of depression, insomnia, daily life fatigue, and loneliness) in a sample of the Polish population during COVID-19 related home confinement. The results have clearly shown that the pandemic and associated psychological stress are risk factors for sleep disorders and psychological diseases, e.g., the authors have shown that all of the elements of the Psychological Well-Being (PGWB) questionnaire (anxiety, depressed mood, positive well-being, self-control, general health, vitality) were significantly worse among study respondents than in previous general population data [33] . abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic is a great threat to both physical and mental health as it may lead to psychological stress connected with an economic crisis, threat of unemployment, or fear of losing family members. Emerging data shows that the general public may be vulnerable to the pandemic-related stress and experience frequently prevalent anxiety. A study involving 471 subjects (85.6% female) was conducted online during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used the following scales: Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Revised University of California, Los Angeles (R-UCLA) Loneliness Scale, and Daily Life Fatigue scale (DLF). Women had higher mean scores of depression, loneliness, and daily life fatigue and more often than males started exercising. Among people professionally active before the pandemic, there were more cases of increased alcohol consumption than among students. No differences in alcohol consumption patterns were found between genders. People living alone had higher scores of loneliness and daily life fatigue compared to those living with someone. Respondents who started taking any new drugs during COVID-19 home confinement had higher outcomes in all questionnaires. During home confinement, high scores of depression, insomnia, loneliness, and everyday fatigue were observed. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207417 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207417 id: cord-339401-jv0rse14 author: Beeston, Clare title: Evaluation of Minimum Unit Pricing of Alcohol: A Mixed Method Natural Experiment in Scotland date: 2020-05-13 words: 5033.0 sentences: 232.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-339401-jv0rse14.txt txt: ./txt/cord-339401-jv0rse14.txt summary: The evaluation uses a mixed methods portfolio of in-house, commissioned, and separately funded studies to assess the impact of MUP across multiple intended and unintended outcomes related to compliance, the alcoholic drinks industry, consumption, and health and social harms. MUP in the form it takes in Scotland has not been implemented elsewhere and it is important to add to the evidence base on the impact and experience on alcohol pricing policies across a range of outcomes. Scotland was the first country to introduce MUP and the evaluation will add to the international evidence on impact and experience of alcohol pricing policy across a broad range of outcomes. Public Health Scotland is leading this evaluation, working with in-house, commissioned, and separately funded research teams to deliver a mixed methods portfolio of studies designed to evidence the impact of MUP on important outcomes, to understand the lived experience of key groups exposed to MUP and to explore the mechanisms by which changes occur. abstract: In May 2018, Scotland became the first country in the world to implement minimum unit pricing (MUP) for all alcoholic drinks sold in licensed premises in Scotland. The use of a Sunset Clause in the MUP legislation was a factor in successfully resisting legal challenges by indicating that the final decision on a novel policy would depend on its impact. An overarching evaluation has been designed and the results will provide important evidence to inform the parliamentary vote on the future of MUP in Scotland. The evaluation uses a mixed methods portfolio of in-house, commissioned, and separately funded studies to assess the impact of MUP across multiple intended and unintended outcomes related to compliance, the alcoholic drinks industry, consumption, and health and social harms. Quantitative studies to measure impact use a suitable control where feasible. Qualitative studies assess impact and provide an understanding of the lived experience and mechanism of change for key sub-groups. As well as providing important evidence to inform the parliamentary vote, adding to the international evidence on impact and experience of alcohol pricing policy across a broad range of outcomes, this approach to evaluating novel policy interventions may provide guidance for future policy innovations. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103394 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103394 id: cord-310215-11srk6iq author: Bielinis, Ernest title: A Novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale to Predict Preferred Pleasantness Associated with Forest Environments date: 2020-09-16 words: 8732.0 sentences: 405.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt summary: In this study, a method for predicting the preferred pleasantness induced by different forest environments, represented by virtual photographs, was proposed and evaluated using a novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale psychometric test. Insofar as there is some possibility of predicting the level of psychological relaxation and therefore preferred pleasantness induced by viewing different forest landscapes, it is important to propose new concepts for these contexts. The reliability of these scales provides evidence that an Anti-Environmental Forest Experience can help predict the pleasantness induced by viewing forest landscapes and can be useful in predicting potential benefits that might be obtained by a subject from nature-based therapy. To sum up, the AEFES is a reliable and valid instrument with practical use for measuring an anti-environmental forest experience, which might be useful for the prediction of the preferred pleasantness of subjects towards forest environments. abstract: In this study, a method for predicting the preferred pleasantness induced by different forest environments, represented by virtual photographs, was proposed and evaluated using a novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale psychometric test. The evaluation questionnaire contained twenty-one items divided into four different subscales. The factor structure was assessed in two separate samples collected online (sample 1: n = 254, sample 2: n = 280). The internal validity of the four subscales was confirmed using exploratory factor analysis. Discriminant validity was tested and confirmed using the Amoebic Self Scale (spatial–symbolic domain). Concurrent validity was confirmed using the Connectedness to Nature Scale. Predictive validity was based on an assessment of pleasantness induced by nine different photographs (control—urban landscapes, forest landscapes, dense forest landscapes), with subscales differently correlated with the level of pleasantness assessed for each photograph. This evaluation instrument is appropriate for predicting preferred pleasantness induced by different forest environments. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32947772/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186731 id: cord-313869-3x2qf3yu author: Bin, Sheng title: Spread of Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis of Different Factors on Spread of Infectious Disease Based on Cellular Automata date: 2019-11-25 words: 7164.0 sentences: 403.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-313869-3x2qf3yu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-313869-3x2qf3yu.txt summary: Based on the ability of cellular automata to model complex problems, this paper considered that, in real society, population mobility is caused by economic development, living environment, education level, and other factors, and that population density, sex ratio, and age structure of area also have some influence on the spread of infectious diseases. In order to study and analyze the influence of population density on infectious disease spread, each individual is mapped into a cell in the cellular automata model. Without considering other factors, this paper focused on the influence of three factors, namely, population density, individual heterogeneity, and mobility on infectious disease spread, and the SLIRDS model based on cellular automata was constructed. Without considering other factors, this paper focused on the influence of three factors, namely, population density, individual heterogeneity, and mobility on infectious disease spread, and the SLIRDS model based on cellular automata was constructed. abstract: Infectious diseases are an important cause of human death. The study of the pathogenesis, spread regularity, and development trend of infectious diseases not only provides a theoretical basis for future research on infectious diseases, but also has practical guiding significance for the prevention and control of their spread. In this paper, a controlled differential equation and an objective function of infectious diseases were established by mathematical modeling. Based on cellular automata theory and a compartmental model, the SLIRDS (Susceptible-Latent-Infected-Recovered-Dead-Susceptible) model was constructed, a model which can better reflect the actual infectious process of infectious diseases. Considering the spread of disease in different populations, the model combines population density, sex ratio, and age structure to set the evolution rules of the model. Finally, on the basis of the SLIRDS model, the complex spread process of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) was simulated. The simulation results are similar to the macroscopic characteristics of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in real life, thus the accuracy and rationality of the SLIRDS model are confirmed. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234683 doi: 10.3390/ijerph16234683 id: cord-318944-13zk6cco author: Bizzoca, Maria Eleonora title: Covid-19 Pandemic: What Changes for Dentists and Oral Medicine Experts? A Narrative Review and Novel Approaches to Infection Containment date: 2020-05-27 words: 11691.0 sentences: 617.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-318944-13zk6cco.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318944-13zk6cco.txt summary: The authors performed a narrative review on Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeCoronaVirus-2 ( SARS-CoV-2) and all infectious agents with the primary endpoints to illustrate the most accepted models of safety protocols in dentistry and oral medicine, and to propose an easy view of the problem and a comparison (prevs post-COVID19) for the most common dental procedures. After a brief excursus on all infectious agents transmittable at the dental chair, the authors described all the personal protective equipment (PPE) actually on the market and their indications, and on the basis of the literature, they compared (before and after COVID-19 onset) the correct safety procedures for each dental practice studied, underlining the danger of underestimating, in general, dental cross-infections. The precautions for infection control require wearing gloves, aprons, as well as eye and mouth protection (goggles and mask, such as medical masks and Filtering Face Piece or FPP) for each procedure involving direct contact with the patient body fluids. abstract: The authors performed a narrative review on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome- CoronaVirus-2 ( SARS-CoV-2) and all infectious agents with the primary endpoints to illustrate the most accepted models of safety protocols in dentistry and oral medicine, and to propose an easy view of the problem and a comparison (pre- vs post-COVID19) for the most common dental procedures. The outcome is forecast to help dentists to individuate for a given procedure the differences in terms of safety protocols to avoid infectious contagion (by SARS-CoV-2 and others dangerous agents). An investigation was performed on the online databases Pubmed and Scopus using a combination of free words and Medical Subject Headings (MESH) terms: “dentist” OR “oral health” AND “COVID-19” OR “SARS-CoV-2” OR “coronavirus-19”. After a brief excursus on all infectious agents transmittable at the dental chair, the authors described all the personal protective equipment (PPE) actually on the market and their indications, and on the basis of the literature, they compared (before and after COVID-19 onset) the correct safety procedures for each dental practice studied, underlining the danger of underestimating, in general, dental cross-infections. The authors have highlighted the importance of knowing exactly the risk of infections in the dental practice, and to modulate correctly the use of PPE, in order to invest adequate financial resources and to avoid exposing both the dental team and patients to preventable risks. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32471083/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113793 id: cord-294593-mh1uh1b3 author: Boloori, Alireza title: Misalignment of Stakeholder Incentives in the Opioid Crisis date: 2020-10-16 words: 6457.0 sentences: 305.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-294593-mh1uh1b3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-294593-mh1uh1b3.txt summary: Some of these issues include the inefficacy of conventional payment mechanisms in providing incentives for providers, practice guidelines in pain management that are not easily implementable across different medical specialties, barriers in adopting multi-modal pain management strategies, low capacity of providers/treatments to address opioid/substance use disorders, the complexity of addressing the co-occurrence of chronic pain and opioid use disorders, and patients'' non-adherence to opioid substitution treatments. These include the implementation of prescription drug monitoring programs [54, 55] , statewide Medicaid program initiatives such as coordinated care organizations [56] [57] [58] , educational outreach and academic detailing for providers [59] [60] [61] , advances in medicine/surgery that lower post-surgical dependence on narcotics [62, 63] , the fentanyl patch-for-patch program [64] , pharmacy consult intervention [65] , quality measure development and/or quality improvement [66] , using data analytics to predict the risk of overdose [67] , and schedule change of opioid analgesics [68] . abstract: The current opioid epidemic has killed more than 446,000 Americans over the past two decades. Despite the magnitude of the crisis, little is known to what degree the misalignment of incentives among stakeholders due to competing interests has contributed to the current situation. In this study, we explore evidence in the literature for the working hypothesis that misalignment rooted in the cost, quality, or access to care can be a significant contributor to the opioid epidemic. The review identified several problems that can contribute to incentive misalignment by compromising the triple aims (cost, quality, and access) in this epidemic. Some of these issues include the inefficacy of conventional payment mechanisms in providing incentives for providers, practice guidelines in pain management that are not easily implementable across different medical specialties, barriers in adopting multi-modal pain management strategies, low capacity of providers/treatments to address opioid/substance use disorders, the complexity of addressing the co-occurrence of chronic pain and opioid use disorders, and patients’ non-adherence to opioid substitution treatments. In discussing these issues, we also shed light on factors that can facilitate the alignment of incentives among stakeholders to effectively address the current crisis. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207535 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207535 id: cord-354345-p4ld0tun author: Bonadonna, Lucia title: A Review and Update on Waterborne Viral Diseases Associated with Swimming Pools date: 2019-01-09 words: 4795.0 sentences: 286.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-354345-p4ld0tun.txt txt: ./txt/cord-354345-p4ld0tun.txt summary: We carried out a comprehensive literature review aimed at investigating waterborne viral outbreaks linked to swimming pools, to explore the etiological agents implicated, pathways of transmission, associations between indicator organisms and disease, and key issues related to chlorination/disinfection procedures. Different databases (Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar) were accessed using the terms norovirus, Norwalk virus, adenovirus, enterovirus, echovirus, coxsackievirus, and hepatitis A, in combination with terms recreation, swimming, pool, and water. In Oklahoma, USA, an outbreak of pharyngitis caused by HAdV type 7a was recorded in 1982 among 77 children attending a swimming pool [17] . In 2013-2014, a study investigated the presence of human enteric viruses (adenovirus, norovirus, and enterovirus) in indoor and outdoor swimming pool waters in Rome. Pharyngoconjunctival fever caused by adenovirus type 4: Report of a swimming pool-related outbreak with recovery of virus from pool water A swimming pool-associated outbreak of pharyngoconjunctival fever caused by human adenovirus type 4 in Beijing abstract: Infectious agents, including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and molds, may threaten the health of swimming pool bathers. Viruses are a major cause of recreationally-associated waterborne diseases linked to pools, lakes, ponds, thermal pools/spas, rivers, and hot springs. They can make their way into waters through the accidental release of fecal matter, body fluids (saliva, mucus), or skin flakes by symptomatic or asymptomatic carriers. We present an updated overview of epidemiological data on viral outbreaks, a project motivated, among other things, by the availability of improved viral detection methodologies. Special attention is paid to outbreak investigations (source of the outbreak, pathways of transmission, chlorination/disinfection). Epidemiological studies on incidents of viral contamination of swimming pools under non-epidemic conditions are also reviewed. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30634384/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph16020166 id: cord-308957-s2hjge6s author: Burns, Ryan D. title: Movement Behaviors and Perceived Loneliness and Sadness within Alaskan Adolescents date: 2020-09-20 words: 5258.0 sentences: 259.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-308957-s2hjge6s.txt txt: ./txt/cord-308957-s2hjge6s.txt summary: Associations between meeting recommendations for movement behaviors with loneliness and sadness were examined using weighted logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI). These studies suggest that individually, higher levels of physical activity, low levels of sedentary behaviors such as television watching and non-academic computer use, and adequate levels of school-night sleep have been shown to associate with lower suicidal ideation [16] , anxiety [17] , and depressive symptoms in adolescents [18] . The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of movement-based behaviors with perceived loneliness and prolonged sadness within a sample of Alaskan adolescents. A primary finding from the current study was that sleep was the only single movement-based behavior that was significantly associated with both perceived loneliness and prolonged sadness in Alaskan adolescents. Even though school-night sleep duration significantly correlated with loneliness and sadness, the movement behaviors of physical activity and screen use did not correlate within any of the adjusted models. abstract: Physical activity, screen use, and sleep are behaviors that integrate across the whole day. However, the accumulative influence of meeting recommendations for these 24-h movement behaviors on the mental health of Alaskan adolescents has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between movement behaviors, loneliness, and sadness within Alaskan adolescents. Data were obtained from the 2019 Alaska Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). The number of adolescents participating in the 2019 Alaska YRBS was 1897. Associations between meeting recommendations for movement behaviors with loneliness and sadness were examined using weighted logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI). Approximately 5.0% of the sample met recommendations for all three movement behaviors. Meeting 2 or 3 movement behavior recommendations was associated with lower odds of loneliness (odds ratio (OR) range = 0.23 to 0.44, p < 0.01). Additionally, meeting 1 to 3 movement behavior recommendations was associated with lower odds of sadness (OR range = 0.29 to 0.52, p < 0.05). Joint association analyses determined that these relationships were primarily driven by meeting the sleep recommendation for loneliness and meeting the screen use recommendation for sadness. The results support use of multiple movement-based behavior programming to attenuate feelings of loneliness and sadness within Alaskan adolescents. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186866 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186866 id: cord-314733-fyximykl author: Butu, Alina title: The Impact of COVID-19 Crisis upon the Consumer Buying Behavior of Fresh Vegetables Directly from Local Producers. Case Study: The Quarantined Area of Suceava County, Romania date: 2020-07-29 words: 11552.0 sentences: 543.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-314733-fyximykl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-314733-fyximykl.txt summary: The present paper intends to address the impact of COVID-19 crisis upon the consumer buying behavior of fresh vegetables directly from local producers as observed 30 days later, after enforcing the state of emergency in Romania within a well-defined area, namely, the quarantined area of Suceava. Short food chain supply (SFSC) systems provide multiple benefits (of economic, social, environmental, cultural, and health nature) for people and society as a whole: new job opportunities in the agri-food sector at local level [54] , encouraging knowledge transfer, counter-balancing the effects of population migration [55] or gentrification, supporting the local services and suppliers by sustaining the stores of small producers and farmers'' markets, preserving cultural heritage, including promotion of tourism [56] and local gastronomy, and improving the quality of life by securing access to healthier food [57] . abstract: The present paper intends to address the impact of COVID-19 crisis upon the consumer buying behavior of fresh vegetables directly from local producers as observed 30 days later, after enforcing the state of emergency in Romania within a well-defined area, namely, the quarantined area of Suceava. The study relies on the interpretation of answers received from the quarantined area (N = 257) to a questionnaire applied online nationwide. The starting point of this paper is the analysis of the sociodemographic factors on the purchasing decision of fresh vegetables directly from local producers before declaring the state of emergency in Romania (16 March 2020). Further research has been conducted by interpreting the changes triggered by the COVID-19 crisis on the purchasing intention of such products before and after the end of the respective crisis. The aim of this scientific investigation relies on identifying the methods by which these behavioral changes can influence the digital transformation of short food supply chains. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32751368/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155485 id: cord-265937-f39md0vk author: Cachón-Zagalaz, Javier title: Use of the Smartphone and Self-Concept in University Students According to the Gender Variable date: 2020-06-12 words: 4136.0 sentences: 253.0 pages: flesch: 63.0 cache: ./cache/cord-265937-f39md0vk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-265937-f39md0vk.txt summary: The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between self-concept and the use of the smartphone by university students in terms of gender. It should be noted that the two main constructs of this research (self-concept and the use of the smartphone) can influence each other, since one of the transcendental uses that young people give to the mobile phone is access to social networks in which they continually interact by publishing photographs with the intention of showing a lifestyle, real or imaginary. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between the self-concept of university students and the use they make of their mobile phones, also analyzing the gender variable. When analyzing the results obtained in the relationship between the dimensions of self-concept and the use of the smartphone, it is found that there are statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the academic and emotional self-concepts, with those subjects who have severe problems with the use of the mobile phone scoring in both dimensions lower. abstract: The university stage comprises a very important and vital period in the modification of students’ lifestyles, and these changes can affect their self-concept. The excessive use of technology today can also influence the formation of their identity. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between self-concept and the use of the smartphone by university students in terms of gender. The sample included 253 students (mean age 21.39 ± 3.27) of the Primary Education Degree of the University of Jaén (106 men and 147 women). A questionnaire was used to unify several instruments: a sociodemographic questionnaire, a Self-Concept Form-5 questionnaire (AF-5), and a questionnaire on cell phone-related experiences (CERM). The results show the existence of significant differences between both genders in the academic, emotional, and social dimensions of self-concept, with women showing a greater academic self-concept and men showing an emotional and physical one. Regarding the use of the smartphone in relation to self-concept, significant differences are found in the academic and emotional dimensions depending on the degree of use. In addition, in relation to the use of the smartphone, it has been detected that half of the students present potential problems. It is concluded that there is a relationship between both constructs, especially the academic and emotional self-concept. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32545435/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124184 id: cord-351100-llyl97ry author: Cariani, Lisa title: Time Length of Negativization and Cycle Threshold Values in 182 Healthcare Workers with Covid-19 in Milan, Italy: An Observational Cohort Study date: 2020-07-23 words: 3248.0 sentences: 171.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-351100-llyl97ry.txt txt: ./txt/cord-351100-llyl97ry.txt summary: We aimed to evaluate the time length of negativization from the onset of symptoms in healthcare workers (HCWs) with COVID-19, and to evaluate significant variations in cycle threshold (CT) values and gene positivity (E, RdRP, and N genes) among positive individuals who returned to work. We collected cycle threshold values of the first SARS-CoV-2-positive nasopharyngeal swabs (T0) for all 182 HCWs and CT values at one week before the two negative RT-PCR tests (T1) for the 58 subjects who healed by 30 April 2020 (Figure 2 ). In the present study, we analyzed 2443 nasopharyngeal swabs from 1683 HCWs by molecular laboratory testing for suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large university hospital in Milan, showing 10.8% positive HCWs. Overall, the majority of HCWs with COVID-19 were physicians, and the main reported symptoms were fever, cough, and headache. abstract: Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread worldwide, becoming an unprecedented public health emergency. Rapid detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) suspected cases is crucial to control the spread of infection. We aimed to evaluate the time length of negativization from the onset of symptoms in healthcare workers (HCWs) with COVID-19, and to evaluate significant variations in cycle threshold (CT) values and gene positivity (E, RdRP, and N genes) among positive individuals who returned to work. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a consecutive cohort of 182 SARS-CoV-2-positive HCWs in Milan, from 16 March to 30 April 2020. Nasopharyngeal swabs were tested by RT-PCR. Results: Asymptomatic HCWs were 17.6% (32/182), and 58 healed at 30 April 2020. The median time length of negativization was 4 weeks (35% of symptomatic versus 40% of asymptomatic HCWs). Four HCWs, healed at 30 April, turned positive within three weeks during controls set up in the work unit. Three-gene positivity had the greatest variability, and increasing CT values from single- to three-gene positivity among all age groups were observed. Conclusions: Self-isolation longer than two weeks and prolonged follow-up periods for the staff returning to work after COVID-19 could be the most suitable choices to counter the SARS-CoV-2 spread. Further studies are needed to investigate infectiousness profiles among positive individuals. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155313 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155313 id: cord-340882-why0t9ld author: Carneiro, Lara title: The Effects of Exclusively Resistance Training-Based Supervised Programs in People with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials date: 2020-09-15 words: 8036.0 sentences: 401.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-340882-why0t9ld.txt txt: ./txt/cord-340882-why0t9ld.txt summary: title: The Effects of Exclusively Resistance Training-Based Supervised Programs in People with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Specifically, evidence-based recommendations for the prescription of exercise for patients with major depressive disorders (MDDs) propose interventions of 2-3 sessions of supervised aerobic and/or aerobic and resistance training exercise of 45-60 min duration with moderate intensity per week [7] , although it has been suggested that the volume of training may be more relevant than frequency [16] . [26] , the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-HAM-D-by Hamilton [27] , the Geriatric Depression Scale-GDS-of Yesavage [28] ), but without other major disease (e.g., Parkinson''s, Alzheimer''s, cancer, dementia); (ii) Only supervised exclusively resistance training-based interventions were considered, with minimal warm-up activities outside the scope of the main exercise mode; Comparators were control groups not performing any training protocol and/or supervised contrast groups also performing an alternative exercise program (i.e., yoga, stretching, aerobic exercise); Outcomes were any effects on performance, health and quality of life; Study design was limited to randomized controlled trials (RCTs). abstract: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the effects of supervised resistance training (RT) programs in people diagnosed with depression or depressive symptoms. The following databases were used to search and retrieve the articles: Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PEDro, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The search was conducted in late June 2020. Search protocol required the title to contain the words depression or depressive or dysthymia. Furthermore, the title, abstract or keywords had to contain the words or expressions: “randomized controlled trial”; and “strength training” or “resistance training” or “resisted training” or “weight training”. The screening provided 136 results. After the removal of duplicates, 70 records remained. Further screening of titles and abstracts resulted in the elimination of 57 papers. Therefore, 13 records were eligible for further scrutiny. Of the 13 records, nine were excluded, and the final sample consisted of four articles. Results were highly heterogeneous, with half of the studies showing positive effects of resistance training and half showing no effects. In two of the four combinations, the meta-analysis revealed significant benefits of RT in improving depressive symptoms (p ≤ 0.05). However, considering significant differences with moderate (Effect Size = 0.62) and small (ES = 0.53) effects, the heterogeneity was above 50%, thus suggesting a substantial level. To draw meaningful conclusions, future well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed that focus on understudied RT as a treatment for depression. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32942633/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186715 id: cord-295543-nj4a640t author: Castañeda-Babarro, Arkaitz title: Physical Activity Change during COVID-19 Confinement date: 2020-09-21 words: 3600.0 sentences: 190.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt txt: ./txt/cord-295543-nj4a640t.txt summary: Conclusion: The Spanish adult population, especially young people, students and very active men, decreased daily self-reported PA and increased ST during COVID-19 confinement. While the disease spreads around the world, healthy people are being requested to stay at home for prolonged periods of time and, as a consequence, COVID-19 has radically modified the determining factors (individual, interpersonal, environmental, regional or national policies and global) [11] of both types of behavior Thus, due to isolation and limitations in engaging in regular and common activities, fulfilling PA recommendations and reducing sedentary behavior during lockdown may pose a significant challenge, especially during the first weeks when the population has limited chances to find alternatives to ensure they remain active even at home. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze self-reported PA and sedentary behavior before and during lockdown caused by COVID-19 in a Spanish healthy adult population. abstract: Background: The lockdown and social distancing caused by COVID-19 may influence common health behavior. The unprecedent worldwide confinement, in which Spain has been one of the most affected—with severe rules governing confinement—may have changed physical activity (PA) and sedentary habits due to prolonged stays at home. Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate how self-reported PA and sedentary time (ST) have changed during confinement in the Spanish population. Methods: 3800 healthy adults (age 18–64 years) residing in Spain answered the international physical activity questionnaire short (IPAQ-S) twice between 23 March and 1 April (confinement). Data analysis was carried out taking into consideration meeting general PA recommendations before confinement, age and gender. Results: Self-reported PA decreased significantly during confinement in our sample. Vigorous physical activities (VPA) and walking time decreased by 16.8% (p < 0.001) and 58.2% (p < 0.001), respectively, whereas ST increased by 23.8% (p < 0.001). The percent of people fulfilling the 75 min/week of VPA recommendation decreased by 10.7% (p < 0.001) while the percent of people who reached 150 min/week of moderate activity barely changed (1.4%). The group that performed the most VPA before confinement showed the greatest decrease (30.5%, p < 0.001). Men reduced time in VPA more than women (21% vs 9%, respectively) who even increased time in moderate PA by 11% (p < 0.05) and reported less increase in ST than men (35% vs 25.3%, respectively). Conclusion: The Spanish adult population, especially young people, students and very active men, decreased daily self-reported PA and increased ST during COVID-19 confinement. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186878 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186878 id: cord-252894-c02v47jz author: Chae, Sangwon title: Predicting Infectious Disease Using Deep Learning and Big Data date: 2018-07-27 words: 10663.0 sentences: 605.0 pages: flesch: 57.0 cache: ./cache/cord-252894-c02v47jz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-252894-c02v47jz.txt summary: This study predicts infectious diseases by optimizing the parameters of deep learning algorithms while considering big data including social media data. The performance of the deep neural network (DNN) and long-short term memory (LSTM) learning models were compared with the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) when predicting three infectious diseases one week into the future. Therefore, the aim of this study is to design a model that uses the infectious disease occurrence data provided by the KCDC, search query data from search engines that are specialized for South Korea, Twitter social media big data, and weather data such as temperature and humidity. Figure 1 shows the overall framework of the model used in this study including the data collection process and the comparison of models designed using the deep neural network (DNN) method, the long-short term memory (LSTM) method, the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) method, and the ordinary least squares (OLS) method. abstract: Infectious disease occurs when a person is infected by a pathogen from another person or an animal. It is a problem that causes harm at both individual and macro scales. The Korea Center for Disease Control (KCDC) operates a surveillance system to minimize infectious disease contagions. However, in this system, it is difficult to immediately act against infectious disease because of missing and delayed reports. Moreover, infectious disease trends are not known, which means prediction is not easy. This study predicts infectious diseases by optimizing the parameters of deep learning algorithms while considering big data including social media data. The performance of the deep neural network (DNN) and long-short term memory (LSTM) learning models were compared with the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) when predicting three infectious diseases one week into the future. The results show that the DNN and LSTM models perform better than ARIMA. When predicting chickenpox, the top-10 DNN and LSTM models improved average performance by 24% and 19%, respectively. The DNN model performed stably and the LSTM model was more accurate when infectious disease was spreading. We believe that this study’s models can help eliminate reporting delays in existing surveillance systems and, therefore, minimize costs to society. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081596 doi: 10.3390/ijerph15081596 id: cord-338580-zszeldfv author: Chang, Yu-Kai title: Exercise Behavior and Mood during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Lessons for the Future date: 2020-09-28 words: 6620.0 sentences: 320.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-338580-zszeldfv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338580-zszeldfv.txt summary: This study aims to explore the influence of COVID-19 on exercise behavior and its impact on mood states, as well as predict changes in exercise behavior during a similar future pandemic in Taiwan. Those who exercised for 2-3 days per week prepandemic and were able to maintain their exercise frequency, had higher mood states compared to those who decreased their exercise frequency to one day or less during the COVID-19 pandemic (b pre2:during1-2 = −0.25, p < 0.01). Exercise frequency during the COVID-19 pandemic had no significant effect on mood states for those who exercised one day or less prepandemic (p > 0.05). In general, higher frequencies of exercise during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in better mood states. Our study is the first study conducted to investigate the changes in exercise behavior and mood states during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan. abstract: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its associated governmental recommendations and restrictions have influenced many aspects of human life, including exercise and mental health. This study aims to explore the influence of COVID-19 on exercise behavior and its impact on mood states, as well as predict changes in exercise behavior during a similar future pandemic in Taiwan. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between 7 April and 13 May 2020 (n = 1114). Data on exercise behavior pre and during the pandemic and mood states were collected. A cumulative link model was used to predict changes in exercise frequency during a similar future pandemic by exercise frequency during the pandemic. A linear model was used to predict the influence of exercise frequency before and during the pandemic on mood states during the pandemic. A total of 71.2%, 67.3%, and 58.3% of respondents maintained their exercise intensity, frequency, and duration, respectively, during the pandemic. Frequent exercisers are more likely to maintain their exercise frequency during a similar pandemic (p < 0.001). Higher exercise frequencies during the pandemic were associated with better mood states (p < 0.05). Moreover, the effects of prepandemic exercise frequency on mood states are moderated by changes in exercise frequency during the pandemic (p < 0.05). Additionally, maintenance of exercise frequency during a pandemic specifically for frequent exercisers are recommended to preserve mood states. These results may provide evidence for health policies on exercise promotion and mental health before and during a future pandemic. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197092 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197092 id: cord-297618-9ka3y2y1 author: Chau, Pui Hing title: Construction of the Infection Curve of Local Cases of COVID-19 in Hong Kong using Back-Projection date: 2020-09-21 words: 3717.0 sentences: 177.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-297618-9ka3y2y1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-297618-9ka3y2y1.txt summary: The current study constructed an epidemic curve based on the date of infection estimated by the back-projection method to minimize the effects of the incubation time and reflect the possible impacts of various measures and events better. Our objective was to estimate the infection curve of the local cases of the first two waves of COVID-19 in Hong Kong using the back-projection method and explore the effectiveness of the preventive measures, including the possible impacts of the pre-implementation announcements by the local government. From 25 to 29 January 2020, numerous policies were announced and implemented, including activation of the Emergency Response Level, cancellation of large-scale events, quarantine of close contacts of confirmed cases, health advice to residents returning from the Hubei province and other parts of China, suspension of non-emergent government services, closure of public facilities, home office arrangement for civil servants, and substantial reduction of traffic between Mainland China and Hong Kong. abstract: This study aimed to estimate the infection curve of local cases of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Hong Kong and identify major events and preventive measures associated with the trajectory of the infection curve in the first two waves. The daily number of onset local cases was used to estimate the daily number of infections based on back-projection. The estimated infection curve was examined to identify the preventive measures or major events associated with its trajectory. Until 30 April 2020, there were 422 confirmed local cases. The infection curve of the local cases in Hong Kong was constructed and used for evaluating the impacts of various policies and events in a narrative manner. Social gatherings and some pre-implementation announcements on inbound traveler policies coincided with peaks on the infection curve. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186909 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186909 id: cord-314539-6vvgov43 author: Chen, Zhongxiang title: Forecast Possible Risk for COVID-19 Epidemic Dissemination under Current Control Strategies in Japan date: 2020-05-29 words: 3541.0 sentences: 190.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-314539-6vvgov43.txt txt: ./txt/cord-314539-6vvgov43.txt summary: Firstly, the period from 6 January to 31 March 2020 was divided into four stages and the relevant parameters were estimated according to the imported cases in Japan. The basic reproduction number of the current stage is 1.954 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.851–2.025), which means COVID-19 will spread quickly, and the self-healing rate of Japanese is about 0.495 (95% CI 0.437–0.506), with small variations in the four stages. Therefore, estimation of current infected cases plays an essential role in controlling epidemic development and will help us to evaluate the strategies that should be implemented to adjust the prevention and control measures for mitigating the spread of COVID-19 in Japan. Recently, Toshkazu [5] predicted the epidemic peak of COVID-19 in Japan based on a susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) model. The five-day relative error of the forecasted accumulated reported cases is less than 2.5%, which means this SEIHRD model and the piecewise estimation method can be effective applied to COVID-19. abstract: COVID-19 has globally spread to over 4 million people and the epidemic situation in Japan is very serious. The purpose of this research was to assess the risk of COVID-19 epidemic dissemination in Japan by estimating the current state of epidemic dissemination and providing some epidemic prevention and control recommendations. Firstly, the period from 6 January to 31 March 2020 was divided into four stages and the relevant parameters were estimated according to the imported cases in Japan. The basic reproduction number of the current stage is 1.954 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.851–2.025), which means COVID-19 will spread quickly, and the self-healing rate of Japanese is about 0.495 (95% CI 0.437–0.506), with small variations in the four stages. Secondly, the results were applied to the actual reported cases from 1 to 5 April 2020, verifying the reliability of the estimated data using the accumulated reported cases located within the 95% confidence interval and the relative error of forecast data of five days being less than [Formula: see text]. Thirdly, considering the medical resources in Japan, the times the epidemic beds and ventilators become fully occupied are predicted as 5 and 15 May 2020, respectively. Keeping with the current situation, the final death toll in Japan may reach into the millions. Finally, based on experience with COVID-19 prevention and control in China, robust measures such as nationwide shutdown, store closures, citizens isolating themselves at home, and increasing PCR testing would quickly and effectively prevent COVID-19 spread. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32486011/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113872 id: cord-002438-b8t4a57r author: Cheng, Wei title: Comparison of Influenza Epidemiological and Virological Characteristics between Outpatients and Inpatients in Zhejiang Province, China, March 2011–June 2015 date: 2017-02-22 words: 4843.0 sentences: 235.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-002438-b8t4a57r.txt txt: ./txt/cord-002438-b8t4a57r.txt summary: Our study use the surveillance data collected from 16 sentinel hospitals across Zhejiang Province during March 2011 through June 2015, including the demographic information and respiratory specimens from influenza-like illness (ILI) patients and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) patients. In this study, we used four-year continuous surveillance data to compare the epidemic and virological characteristics of influenza virus between ILI cases and SARI cases in Zhejiang Province. Correlation analysis of weekly influenza virus type/subtype constitution among total positive numbers between influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI). Our findings further demonstrated that young children are vulnerable for both mild and severe respiratory infection, and the low influenza detection rate among 0-4 years age-group in both SARI and ILI patients foreshadow the need of expand the respiratory illness surveillance to more types of pathogens [12, 24] . abstract: Given the rapid rate of global spread and consequently healthcare costs related to influenza, surveillance plays an important role in monitoring the emerging pandemics in China. However, the characteristics of influenza in Southeast of China haven’t been fully studied. Our study use the surveillance data collected from 16 sentinel hospitals across Zhejiang Province during March 2011 through June 2015, including the demographic information and respiratory specimens from influenza-like illness (ILI) patients and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) patients. As analysis results, most SARI and ILI patients were in the age group of 0–4 years old (62.38% of ILI and 71.54% of SARI). The respiratory specimens have statistically significantly higher positive rate for influenza among ILI patients than that among SARI patients (p < 0.001). The comparison between ILI patients and SARI patients shows no statistically significantly difference in detecting influenza virus type and influenza A virus subtype. The SARI and ILI patients were found to be positively correlated for overall positive rate (r = 0.63, p < 0.001), the weekly percentage of A(H1N1)pdm09 (r = 0.51, p < 0.001), influenza B virus (r = 0.17, p = 0.013), and A/H3N2 (r = 0.43, p < 0.001) among all the positive numbers. Our study demonstrated that the activities of influenza virus, including its subtypes, had a similar temporal pattern between ILI and SARI cases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5334771/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph14020217 id: cord-312265-48odnlal author: Chenneville, Tiffany title: The Impact of COVID-19 on HIV Treatment and Research: A Call to Action date: 2020-06-24 words: 6381.0 sentences: 335.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-312265-48odnlal.txt txt: ./txt/cord-312265-48odnlal.txt summary: In addition to illness or death for those who contract the virus, the physical distancing required to flatten the curve of new cases is having a negative impact on the economy, the effects of which intersect with mental health and other existing health concerns, thus affecting marginalized communities. There is emerging evidence of the mental health burden of pandemic fear related to COVID-19 [37] and its potential impact on preventive behavior [38] . In addition to the short-term effects of COVID-19, it is also critical for health care providers (e.g., doctors, psychologists, social workers, case managers, etc.) to consider how the impacts of COVID-19 may affect PWH, and the provision of health care treatment across time. Scientists and practitioners are in a unique position to respond to the impact that COVID-19 is having on PWH and HIV prevention efforts, including research. abstract: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is far reaching, with devastating effects on individuals, communities, and societies across the world. People with chronic health conditions may be at greater risk of contracting or experiencing complications from COVID-19. In addition to illness or death for those who contract the virus, the physical distancing required to flatten the curve of new cases is having a negative impact on the economy, the effects of which intersect with mental health and other existing health concerns, thus affecting marginalized communities. Given that HIV also has a disproportionate impact on marginalized communities, COVID-19 is affecting people with HIV (PWH) in unique ways and will continue to have an impact on HIV research and treatment after the COVID-19 crisis passes. Using the biopsychosocial framework to contextualize the impact of COVID-19 on PWH, the purpose of this review article is to: (1) outline the similarities and differences between the COVID-19 and HIV pandemics; (2) describe the current and future impact of COVID-19 on PWH; and (3) outline a call to action for scientists and practitioners to respond to the impact of COVID-19 on HIV prevention and treatment. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32599783/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124548 id: cord-337219-d81v8b4j author: Cheong, Chang Heon title: Case Study of Airborne Pathogen Dispersion Patterns in Emergency Departments with Different Ventilation and Partition Conditions date: 2018-03-13 words: 7181.0 sentences: 354.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-337219-d81v8b4j.txt txt: ./txt/cord-337219-d81v8b4j.txt summary: Simulation cases for analysis were established, as shown in Table 3 , to conduct a case study that analyzed the range of airborne pathogen dispersion according to the location of diffusers in the bed area of the ED, the ventilation rate, and the installation of partitions between beds. Simulation cases for analysis were established, as shown in Table 3 , to conduct a case study that analyzed the range of airborne pathogen dispersion according to the location of diffusers in the bed area of the ED, the ventilation rate, and the installation of partitions between beds. Simulation cases for analysis were established, as shown in Table 3 , to conduct a case study that analyzed the range of airborne pathogen dispersion according to the location of diffusers in the bed area of the ED, the ventilation rate, and the installation of partitions between beds. abstract: The prevention of airborne infections in emergency departments is a very important issue. This study investigated the effects of architectural features on airborne pathogen dispersion in emergency departments by using a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation tool. The study included three architectural features as the major variables: increased ventilation rate, inlet and outlet diffuser positions, and partitions between beds. The most effective method for preventing pathogen dispersion and reducing the pathogen concentration was found to be increasing the ventilation rate. Installing partitions between the beds and changing the ventilation system’s inlet and outlet diffuser positions contributed only minimally to reducing the concentration of airborne pathogens. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29534043/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph15030510 id: cord-298156-d0pb1kik author: Cheval, Sorin title: Observed and Potential Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Environment date: 2020-06-10 words: 11027.0 sentences: 569.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-298156-d0pb1kik.txt txt: ./txt/cord-298156-d0pb1kik.txt summary: Consequently, by the end of April 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to numerous environmental impacts, both positive such as enhanced air and water quality in urban areas, and negative, such as shoreline pollution due to the disposal of sanitary consumables. The concept of disaster has evolved over time, and here we use an adapted Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) definition: a disaster is an event, which severely alters the functioning of a community due to hazardous physical, biological or human related impacts leading to widespread adverse effects on multiple scales and systems (environment, economic, social). While negative impacts on the economy and society in general are probably huge, it is very likely that the global-scale reduction of economic activities due to the COVID-19 crisis triggers a lot of sensible improvements in environmental quality and climatic systems. abstract: Various environmental factors influence the outbreak and spread of epidemic or even pandemic events which, in turn, may cause feedbacks on the environment. The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic on 13 March 2020 and its rapid onset, spatial extent and complex consequences make it a once-in-a-century global disaster. Most countries responded by social distancing measures and severely diminished economic and other activities. Consequently, by the end of April 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to numerous environmental impacts, both positive such as enhanced air and water quality in urban areas, and negative, such as shoreline pollution due to the disposal of sanitary consumables. This study presents an early overview of the observed and potential impacts of the COVID-19 on the environment. We argue that the effects of COVID-19 are determined mainly by anthropogenic factors which are becoming obvious as human activity diminishes across the planet, and the impacts on cities and public health will be continued in the coming years. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114140 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17114140 id: cord-341620-nmrkhx5t author: Chirico, Francesco title: Can Air-Conditioning Systems Contribute to the Spread of SARS/MERS/COVID-19 Infection? Insights from a Rapid Review of the Literature date: 2020-08-20 words: 4577.0 sentences: 241.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-341620-nmrkhx5t.txt txt: ./txt/cord-341620-nmrkhx5t.txt summary: Therefore, to evaluate the COVID-19 risk associated with the presence of air-conditioning systems, we conducted a rapid review of the literature concerning outbreaks of coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) in indoor environments. We utilized the participants-exposure-comparisons-outcome (PECOS) criteria, and we defined them according to evidence-based practice [32] -P (participants) is human subjects residing in indoor environments, E (exposure) is exposed to air-conditioning systems (HVAC), C (comparisons) is any comparison between the pathogens under study, and O (outcome) is respiratory infection outbreaks caused by SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, or SARS CoV-2. A retrospective study of on outbreak involving 74 patients in the same hospital indicated that the rapid evaporation of the droplets produced by coughing in a relatively dry, air-conditioned environment, could also induce virus-laden aerosol, which was probably responsible for spreading the infection to patients who were not in the same room [35] . abstract: The airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is still debated. The aim of this rapid review is to evaluate the COVID-19 risk associated with the presence of air-conditioning systems. Original studies (both observational and experimental researches) written in English and with no limit on time, on the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses that were associated with outbreaks, were included. Searches were made on PubMed/MEDLINE, PubMed Central (PMC), Google Scholar databases, and medRxiv. A snowball strategy was adopted to extend the search. Fourteen studies reporting outbreaks of coronavirus infection associated with the air-conditioning systems were included. All studies were carried out in the Far East. In six out the seven studies on SARS, the role of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) in the outbreak was indirectly proven by the spatial and temporal pattern of cases, or by airflow-dynamics models. In one report on MERS, the contamination of HVAC by viral particles was demonstrated. In four out of the six studies on SARS-CoV-2, the diffusion of viral particles through HVAC was suspected or supported by computer simulation. In conclusion, there is sufficient evidence of the airborne transmission of coronaviruses in previous Asian outbreaks, and this has been taken into account in the guidelines released by organizations and international agencies for controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor environments. However, the technological differences in HVAC systems prevent the generalization of the results on a worldwide basis. The few COVID-19 investigations available do not provide sufficient evidence that the SARS-CoV-2 virus can be transmitted by HVAC systems. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176052 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176052 id: cord-264811-xbeipob9 author: Choi, Yongin title: Assessment of Social Distancing for Controlling COVID-19 in Korea: An Age-Structured Modeling Approach date: 2020-10-14 words: 6319.0 sentences: 321.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-264811-xbeipob9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-264811-xbeipob9.txt summary: This study aims at assessing the impact of social distancing on the reduction of COVID-19 infected cases by constructing a mathematical model and using epidemiological data of incidences in Korea. An example of a scenario/policy-specific contact matrix of Seoul and Gyeonggi province-school closure with no social distancing, M C -is shown in Figure 3 ; a comparison with the equivalent version for Korea is provided in Figure S3 in Supplementary Section B. In the age-structured model developed in this study, we estimated the transmission rate by applying the contact matrix obtained from [25] to the actual incidence and population data for Seoul and Gyeonggi province. We estimated the transmission rate for each age group in seven distinct periods using the COVID-19 data and contact matrix for each age group and investigated the effect of social distancing on the control of the disease in the age-structured model under various scenarios. abstract: The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred all over the world between 2019 and 2020. The first case of COVID-19 was reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Since then, there have been more than 21 million incidences and 761 thousand casualties worldwide as of 16 August 2020. One of the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 is that its symptoms and fatality rates vary with the ages of the infected individuals. This study aims at assessing the impact of social distancing on the reduction of COVID-19 infected cases by constructing a mathematical model and using epidemiological data of incidences in Korea. We developed an age-structured mathematical model for describing the age-dependent dynamics of the spread of COVID-19 in Korea. We estimated the model parameters and computed the reproduction number using the actual epidemiological data reported from 1 February to 15 June 2020. We then divided the data into seven distinct periods depending on the intensity of social distancing implemented by the Korean government. By using a contact matrix to describe the contact patterns between ages, we investigated the potential effect of social distancing under various scenarios. We discovered that when the intensity of social distancing is reduced, the number of COVID-19 cases increases; the number of incidences among the age groups of people 60 and above increases significantly more than that of the age groups below the age of 60. This significant increase among the elderly groups poses a severe threat to public health because the incidence of severe cases and fatality rates of the elderly group are much higher than those of the younger groups. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain strict social distancing rules to reduce infected cases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33066581/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207474 id: cord-283537-49ic7p3u author: Chong, Ka Chun title: Identifying Meteorological Drivers for the Seasonal Variations of Influenza Infections in a Subtropical City — Hong Kong date: 2015-01-28 words: 4624.0 sentences: 261.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-283537-49ic7p3u.txt txt: ./txt/cord-283537-49ic7p3u.txt summary: Here we identified potential meteorological factors that drove the seasonal variations in influenza infections in a subtropical city, Hong Kong. From the results, air temperature was a common significant driver of seasonal patterns and cold temperature was associated with an increase in transmission intensity for most of the influenza epidemics. In this study, meteorological determinants that could drive the seasonal variations of influenza in Hong Kong were investigated by a mathematical model. The weekly average of meteorological parameters: air temperature, relative humidity, total rainfall, total solar radiation, wind direction, and wind speed from 2002 to 2009 were collected from the Hong Kong Observatory. Through modulating the transmission rates by the meteorological factors in an infectious disease model, the seasonal variations of influenza infections could be well-depicted. This study identified the potential meteorological drivers for the seasonal variations of influenza in a subtropical city, Hong Kong. abstract: Compared with temperate areas, the understanding of seasonal variations of influenza infections is lacking in subtropical and tropical regions. Insufficient information about viral activity increases the difficulty of forecasting the disease burden and thus hampers official preparation efforts. Here we identified potential meteorological factors that drove the seasonal variations in influenza infections in a subtropical city, Hong Kong. We fitted the meteorological data and influenza mortality data from 2002 to 2009 in a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered model. From the results, air temperature was a common significant driver of seasonal patterns and cold temperature was associated with an increase in transmission intensity for most of the influenza epidemics. Except 2004, the fitted models with significant meteorological factors could account for more than 10% of the variance in additional to the null model. Rainfall was also found to be a significant driver of seasonal influenza, although results were less robust. The identified meteorological indicators could alert officials to take appropriate control measures for influenza epidemics, such as enhancing vaccination activities before cold seasons. Further studies are required to fully justify the associations. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120201560 doi: 10.3390/ijerph120201560 id: cord-308652-i6q23olv author: Cobos-Sanchiz, David title: The Importance of Work-Related Events and Changes in Psychological Distress and Life Satisfaction amongst Young Workers in Spain: A Gender Analysis date: 2020-06-30 words: 7149.0 sentences: 339.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-308652-i6q23olv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-308652-i6q23olv.txt summary: The aim of this paper is therefore to understand the importance of work-related events and changes experienced in the last year in psychological distress and life satisfaction for young people in Spain, including satisfaction with the job role, self-esteem, and emotional and instrumental social support in the prediction model, all of which will be assessed by analyzing men and women separately. To test the hypotheses and determine the importance of the number of work-related events and changes, job satisfaction, self-esteem and social support in psychological distress, and life satisfaction amongst men and women, hierarchical multiple regression analyses were made. Model 3, with all the independent variables in the equation, predicted 28% In Table 1 are the correlation coefficients between the age, level of studies, number of work-related events and changes, job satisfaction, self-esteem and social support with the psychological distress, and life satisfaction amongst men and women. abstract: A relentless stream of social, technological, and economic changes have impacted the workplace, affecting young people in particular. Such changes can be a major source of stress and can cause a threat to health and well-being. The aim of this paper is to understand the importance of work-related events and changes in the psychological distress and life satisfaction of young workers in Spain. A transversal study was carried out on a sample comprising 509 men and 396 women aged between 26 and 35 years old. The results showed that there were no differences between the men and women in the number of work-related events and changes experienced in the last 12 months, nor in terms of job satisfaction. The results from the multiple regression analysis showed that a greater number of work-related events and changes experienced during the last 12 months were associated with increased psychological distress and reduced life satisfaction amongst men, but this was not the case for women. Although job satisfaction was independent from the men and women’s psychological distress when self-esteem and social support was included in the regression equation, greater job satisfaction was associated with greater life satisfaction for both men and women. It concludes that work-related events and job satisfaction are important for the health and well-being of young people, even though a larger number of work-related events and changes is associated with increased psychological distress and reduced life satisfaction for men only. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32629853/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134697 id: cord-353173-5c4n4tsf author: Comunian, Silvia title: Air Pollution and COVID-19: The Role of Particulate Matter in the Spread and Increase of COVID-19’s Morbidity and Mortality date: 2020-06-22 words: 8325.0 sentences: 405.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353173-5c4n4tsf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353173-5c4n4tsf.txt summary: Concerning the effect of PM pollution and the spread of viruses in the population, several recent studies have analyzed whether the different areas of the world with a high and rapid increase in COVID-19''s contagion were correlated to a greater level of air pollution. The authors conclude that there is a statistically significant relationship between short-term exposure to higher air pollution and an increased risk of COVID-19 infection. The authors conclude that there is a statistically significant relationship between short-term exposure to higher air pollution and an increased risk of COVID-19 infection. The microbiological analysis revealed the presence of pathogens adsorbed to the particles [31] , and in alveolar cells and in the Summing up, the exposure to polluting agents alters the immune response of the lung cells and induces an increase in oxidative and inflammatory stress. abstract: Sars-Cov-2 virus (COVID-19) is a member of the coronavirus family and is responsible for the pandemic recently declared by the World Health Organization. A positive correlation has been observed between the spread of the virus and air pollution, one of the greatest challenges of our millennium. COVID-19 could have an air transmission and atmospheric particulate matter (PM) could create a suitable environment for transporting the virus at greater distances than those considered for close contact. Moreover, PM induces inflammation in lung cells and exposure to PM could increase the susceptibility and severity of the COVID-19 patient symptoms. The new coronavirus has been shown to trigger an inflammatory storm that would be sustained in the case of pre-exposure to polluting agents. In this review, we highlight the potential role of PM in the spread of COVID-19, focusing on Italian cities whose PM daily concentrations were found to be higher than the annual average allowed during the months preceding the epidemic. Furthermore, we analyze the positive correlation between the virus spread, PM, and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a receptor involved in the entry of the virus into pulmonary cells and inflammation. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124487 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124487 id: cord-339517-93nuovsj author: Consolo, Ugo title: Epidemiological Aspects and Psychological Reactions to COVID-19 of Dental Practitioners in the Northern Italy Districts of Modena and Reggio Emilia date: 2020-05-15 words: 5652.0 sentences: 268.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-339517-93nuovsj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-339517-93nuovsj.txt summary: The one-way ANOVA showed a main effect of age group for perceived patient''s likelihood of contracting the infection (F 2,353 -Statistic = 1157, p < 0.001), and reported levels of concern about the professional future ( To the question "During clinical activity, which measures do you use to prevent COVID-19 infection?", dentists replied highlighting a good knowledge of what is reported in the most recent indications from the literature. To the question "Which aids do you think could help dental professionals during COVID-19 pandemic?", for which two preferences could be expressed, the dentists replied indicating "Economic relieves from Italian government" (65.7%), "Social security institutions support and subsidy" (44.1%)," Economic relieves from dental associations" (32.1%) and "Improvement of communication with patients" (8.1%). abstract: The outbreak and diffusion of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (Sars-CoV-2) and COronaVIrus Disease 19 (COVID-19) have caused an emergency status in the health system, including in the dentistry environment. Italy registered the third highest number of COVID-19 cases in the world and the second highest in Europe. An anonymous online survey composed of 40 questions has been sent to dentists practicing in the area of Modena and Reggio Emilia, one of the areas in Italy most affected by COVID-19. The survey was aimed at highlighting the practical and emotional consequences of COVID-19 emergence on daily clinical practice. Specifically, it assessed dentists’ behavioral responses, emotions and concerns following the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic restrictive measures introduced by the Italian national administrative order of 10 March 2020 (DM-10M20), as well as the dentists’ perception of infection likelihood for themselves and patients. Furthermore, the psychological impact of COVID-19 was assessed by means of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 test (GAD-7), that measures the presence and severity of anxiety symptoms. Using local dental associations (ANDI-Associazione Nazionale Dentisti Italiani, CAO-Commissione Albo Odontoiatri) lists, the survey was sent by email to all dentists in the district of Modena and Reggio Emilia (874 practitioners) and was completed by 356 of them (40%). All dental practitioners closed or reduced their activity to urgent procedures, 38.2% prior to and 61.8% after the DM-10M20. All reported a routinely use of the most common protective personal equipment (PPE), but also admitted that the use of PPE had to be modified during COVID-19 pandemic. A high percentage of patients canceled their previous appointments after the DM-10M20. Almost 85% of the dentists reported being worried of contracting the infection during clinical activity. The results of the GAD-7 (General Anxiety Disorder-7) evaluation showed that 9% of respondents reported a severe anxiety. To conclude, the COVID-19 emergency is having a highly negative impact on the activity of dentists practicing in the area of Modena and Reggio Emilia. All respondents reported practice closure or strong activity reduction. The perception of this negative impact was accompanied by feelings of concern (70.2%), anxiety (46.4%) and fear (42.4%). The majority of them (89.6%) reported concerns about their professional future and the hope for economic measures to help dental practitioners. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32429193/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103459 id: cord-337316-ialg7d7e author: Cori, Liliana title: Risk Perception of Air Pollution: A Systematic Review Focused on Particulate Matter Exposure date: 2020-09-03 words: 9406.0 sentences: 469.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt txt: ./txt/cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt summary: To systematically examine the articles selected, the explored dimensions of perception (understanding/sensorial perception; reactions/psychological consequences; reactions/physical consequences; behaviors) were categorized by 20 features (awareness; belief; knowledge; concern; risk perception; worry; fear; outrage; familiarity; trust; annoyance; anxiety; life quality change; self-reported health symptoms; avoidance of the problem; search for information; exposure reduction; proactivity; request for action; and acceptance). Cross-sectional study by questionnaire to evaluate relationships between concern on health effects of air pollution and personal and environmental factors. The results of this analysis, presented in Table 2 , showed that for "understanding" (44) , most of the articles focused on awareness (32); for "reactions/psychological" (48), more represented risk perception (23); for "reactions/physical" (44) , the declared symptoms were most represented (26); and for "behaviours" (38) , exposure reduction (13) and search for information (12) were the most represented. People, place and pollution: Investigating relationships between air quality perceptions, health concerns, exposure, and individual-and area-level characteristics abstract: The adverse health effects of exposure to air pollutants, notably to particulate matter (PM), are well-known, as well as the association with measured or estimated concentration levels. The role of perception can be relevant in exploring effects and pollution control actions. The purpose of this study was to explore studies that analyse people’s perception, together with the measurement of air pollution, in order to elucidate the relationship between them. We conducted a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In March 2020, PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were explored in an attempt to search for studies published from 2000 to 2020. The review included 38 studies, most of which were conducted in China (n = 13) and the United States (n = 11) and published over the last four years (n = 26). Three studies were multicenter investigations, while five articles were based on a national-level survey. The air quality (AQ) was assessed by monitoring stations (n = 24) or dispersion models (n = 7). Many studies were population questionnaire-based, air monitoring and time-series studies, and web-based investigations. A direct association between exposure and perception emerged in 20 studies. This systematic review has shown that most of the studies establish a relationship between risk perception measurement. A broad spectrum of concepts and notions related to perception also emerged, which is undoubtedly an indicator of the wealth of available knowledge and is promising for future research. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176424 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176424 id: cord-291113-iizj932l author: Cumbo, Enzo title: Alternative Methods of Sterilization in Dental Practices Against COVID-19 date: 2020-08-08 words: 7441.0 sentences: 273.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-291113-iizj932l.txt txt: ./txt/cord-291113-iizj932l.txt summary: It is time to consider a dental practice quite similar to a hospital surgery room, where particular attention should be paid to problems related to the spread of infections caused by air and surface contaminations, especially a time when viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 have emerged as an important public health problem due to their ability to spread through close person-to-person contact. Ultraviolet light has proven effective against corona viruses and, therefore, could be used against COVID-19 both in the case of bioaerosols and in the sterilization of contaminated environmental surfaces in which this microorganism is present-in particular, on products of unstable composition that cannot be treated by conventional means [62, 63] . Now that the risk of spreading COVID-19 is very high, it is necessary to pay particular attention to all the sterilization procedures that should be reviewed, improved, and perhaps used in combinations to obtain a final result that aims to complete the sterilization of all structures present in the operating room, including air, which for some dangerous diseases, such as SARS-CoV-2, is the transmission route. abstract: SARS-CoV-2, and several other microorganisms, may be present in nasopharyngeal and salivary secretions in patients treated in dental practices, so an appropriate clinical behavior is required in order to avoid the dangerous spread of infections. COVID-19 could also be spread when patients touches a contaminated surface with infected droplets and then touch their nose, mouth, or eyes. It is time to consider a dental practice quite similar to a hospital surgery room, where particular attention should be addressed to problems related to the spreading of infections due to air and surface contamination. The effectiveness of conventional cleaning and disinfection procedures may be limited by several factors; first of all, human operator dependence seems to be the weak aspect of all procedures. The improvement of these conventional methods requires the modification of human behavior, which is difficult to achieve and sustain. As alternative sterilization methods, there are some that do not depend on the operator, because they are based on devices that perform the entire procedure on their own, with minimal human intervention. In conclusion, continued efforts to improve the traditional manual disinfection of surfaces are needed, so dentists should consider combining the use of proper disinfectants and no-touch decontamination technologies to improve sterilization procedures. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165736 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165736 id: cord-339835-ze9ay2rm author: Daphna-Tekoah, Shir title: Listening to Hospital Personnel’s Narratives during the COVID-19 Outbreak date: 2020-09-03 words: 7906.0 sentences: 381.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-339835-ze9ay2rm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-339835-ze9ay2rm.txt summary: As a means to address the changing needs of our hospital''s HCWs, we conducted a narrative analysis study in the early stages of the covid-19 outbreak. By paying close attention the narratives of the hospital staff, we were able to address an additional aim, namely, to initiate the establishment of a data-based foundation for both immediate and future interventions, thereby expanding knowledge regarding the psychological mechanisms and strategies that front-line personnel use to cope with exposure to traumatic situations. Sharon, a nurse, summed up this opinion very succinctly as: "Corona-it is not extra work, it is completely different work." Against the background of this commonly held perspective, the third stage of the Listening Guide analytic technique nonetheless enabled us, the interviewers, to identify multiple voices that revealed different aspects of HCWs'' experiences and needs, including their attitudes towards the coronavirus pandemic, the staff and the hospital, and their own needs. abstract: Healthcare workers (HCWs) facing the COVID-19 pandemic are required to deal with unexpectedly traumatic situations, concern about contamination, and mounting patient deaths. As a means to address the changing needs of our hospital’s HCWs, we conducted a narrative analysis study in the early stages of the covid-19 outbreak. A focus group of medical experts, conducted as the initial step, recommended that a bottom-up research tool be used for exploring HCWs’ traumatic experiences and needs. We therefore conducted 450 semi-structured in-depth interviews with hospital personnel. The interviews were based on Maslow’s Pyramid of Needs model, and the narratives were analyzed by applying the Listening Guide methodology. The interviewees expressed a need for physical and psychological security in the battle against Covid-19, in addition to the need for attachment and meaning. Importantly, we also found that the interview itself may serve as a therapeutic tool. In light of our findings, we recommended changes in hospital practices, which were subsequently implemented. Further research on HCWs’ traumatic experiences and needs will provide evidence-based knowledge and may enable novel approaches in the battle against Covid-19. To conclude, the knowledge generated by listening to HCWs’ narratives may provide suitable support programs for professionals. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32899163/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176413 id: cord-307285-bxy0zsc7 author: Dar Odeh, Najla title: COVID-19: Present and Future Challenges for Dental Practice date: 2020-04-30 words: 4708.0 sentences: 227.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-307285-bxy0zsc7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-307285-bxy0zsc7.txt summary: Realizing the severity of outcomes associated with this disease and its high rate of transmission, dentists were instructed by regulatory authorities, such as the American Dental Association, to stop providing treatment to dental patients except those who have emergency complaints. In vitro studies have shown that azithromycin is active against Zika and Ebola viruses, [18] [19] [20] and is able to prevent severe respiratory tract infections when administrated to patients suffering viral infection [12] However, the efficacy of azithromycin in combination with hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 patients has not been confirmed yet [21, 22] , and more studies are needed to further investigate its clinical effects. Following the recommended cross-infection control procedures, spreading awareness based on evidence and not misconceptions, identifying emergency cases indicated for dental treatment, and practicing effective tele-dentistry when needed can all be helpful for dental patients and community as a whole. abstract: COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, with a high fatality rate that may reach 8%. The disease is caused by SARS-CoV-2 which is one of the coronaviruses. Realizing the severity of outcomes associated with this disease and its high rate of transmission, dentists were instructed by regulatory authorities, such as the American Dental Association, to stop providing treatment to dental patients except those who have emergency complaints. This was mainly for protection of dental healthcare personnel, their families, contacts, and their patients from the transmission of virus, and also to preserve the much-needed supplies of personal protective equipment (PPE). Dentists at all times should competently follow cross-infection control protocols, but particularly during this critical time, they should do their best to decide on the emergency cases that are indicated for dental treatment. Dentists should also be updated on how this pandemic is related to their profession in order to be well oriented and prepared. This overview will address several issues concerned with the COVID-19 pandemic that directly relate to dental practice in terms of prevention, treatment, and orofacial clinical manifestations. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32366034/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093151 id: cord-301264-lkfhtb1w author: Davahli, Mohammad Reza title: The Hospitality Industry in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Current Topics and Research Methods date: 2020-10-09 words: 7860.0 sentences: 418.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-301264-lkfhtb1w.txt txt: ./txt/cord-301264-lkfhtb1w.txt summary: The reviewed articles focused on different aspects of the hospitality industry, including hospitality workers'' issues, loss of jobs, revenue impact, the COVID-19 spreading patterns in the industry, market demand, prospects for recovery of the hospitality industry, safety and health, travel behavior, and preference of customers. The reported approaches include simulation and scenario modeling for discovering the COVID-19 spreading patterns, field surveys, secondary data analysis, discussing the resumption of activities during and after the pandemic, comparing the COVID-19 pandemic with previous public health crises, and measuring the impact of the pandemic in terms of economics. The studies reported impacts of the pandemic on different aspects of the hospitality industry, including job loss, revenue losses, access to loans, market demand, emerging new markets, hostile behaviors towards foreigners, and issues of hospitality workers and hotel cleaners. abstract: This study reports on a systematic review of the published literature used to reveal the current research investigating the hospitality industry in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The presented review identified relevant papers using Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases. Of the 175 articles found, 50 papers met the predefined inclusion criteria. The included papers were classified concerning the following dimensions: the source of publication, hospitality industry domain, and methodology. The reviewed articles focused on different aspects of the hospitality industry, including hospitality workers’ issues, loss of jobs, revenue impact, the COVID-19 spreading patterns in the industry, market demand, prospects for recovery of the hospitality industry, safety and health, travel behavior, and preference of customers. The results revealed a variety of research approaches that have been used to investigate the hospitality industry at the time of the pandemic. The reported approaches include simulation and scenario modeling for discovering the COVID-19 spreading patterns, field surveys, secondary data analysis, discussing the resumption of activities during and after the pandemic, comparing the COVID-19 pandemic with previous public health crises, and measuring the impact of the pandemic in terms of economics. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33050203/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207366 id: cord-288392-khjo6j8u author: Davern, Melanie title: How Can the Lived Environment Support Healthy Ageing? A Spatial Indicators Framework for the Assessment of Age-Friendly Communities date: 2020-10-21 words: 8980.0 sentences: 406.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-288392-khjo6j8u.txt txt: ./txt/cord-288392-khjo6j8u.txt summary: This paper provides a quantifiable spatial indicators framework to assess local lived environments according to each Age-Friendly Cities and Communities (AFC) domain. The spatial measures used to assess this included: walkability (with and without footpaths); access to public open space; access to public transport; housing affordability; housing diversity; government owned dwellings (social housing); access to services for older people; libraries; universities of the 3rd Age; places of worship; volunteering; households with internet access; aged care facilities; and access to General Practitioners. Objective spatial measures of the lived environment are critical for the following reasons: to simplify assessments of AFC; to provide a foundation level of knowledge about the age-friendliness of an environment; to assist local and state government planning by informing and monitoring future actions and interventions needed to promote healthy ageing in communities; and to include older people into targets of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and the New Urban Agenda. abstract: The Age-Friendly Cities and Communities Guide was released by the World Health Organization over a decade ago with the aim of creating environments that support healthy ageing. The comprehensive framework includes the domains of outdoor spaces and buildings, transportation, housing, social participation, respect and inclusion, civic participation and employment, communication and information, and community and health services. A major critique of the age-friendly community movement has argued for a more clearly defined scope of actions, the need to measure or quantify results and increase the connections to policy and funding levers. This paper provides a quantifiable spatial indicators framework to assess local lived environments according to each Age-Friendly Cities and Communities (AFC) domain. The selection of these AFC spatial indicators can be applied within local neighbourhoods, census tracts, suburbs, municipalities, or cities with minimal resource requirements other than applied spatial analysis, which addresses past critiques of the Age-Friendly Community movement. The framework has great potential for applications within local, national, and international policy and planning contexts in the future. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207685 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207685 id: cord-351785-d35kqobp author: DeWitt, Emily title: Rural SNAP Participants and Food Insecurity: How Can Communities Leverage Resources to Meet the Growing Food Insecurity Status of Rural and Low-Income Residents? date: 2020-08-19 words: 6097.0 sentences: 307.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-351785-d35kqobp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-351785-d35kqobp.txt summary: Various social and environmental factors contribute to inadequate food access and availability in rural areas, influencing dietary intakes and food insecurity rates. This study aims to identify patterns related to food insecurity and fruit and vegetable consumption within a SNAP-eligible and low-income, highly obese rural Appalachian community. This study aims to identify patterns related to FV consumption and food access within a SNAP-eligible and low-income, highly obese rural Appalachian county in Kentucky. These findings will serve as a baseline to provide context for addressing food insecurity in a remote rural region of the U.S. Baseline findings will guide points of intercept, design future programming to explore the impact rurality has on obesity status, and address the barriers related to accessing nutritious foods within this community and those similar. Although SNAP participation provides an avenue to food security, it is clear that when compounded by additional factors, such as the economic disparities this rural Appalachian community experiences, it does not equate to consistent nutritional nourishment for these areas. abstract: The burden of obesity disproportionately influences poor health outcomes in rural communities in the United States. Various social and environmental factors contribute to inadequate food access and availability in rural areas, influencing dietary intakes and food insecurity rates. This study aims to identify patterns related to food insecurity and fruit and vegetable consumption within a SNAP-eligible and low-income, highly obese rural Appalachian community. A prospective cohort was implemented to identify gaps in resources addressing obesity and food insecurity challenges. SAS 9.4 software was used to examine differences in dietary intakes and shopping practices among SNAP participants. Among participants (n = 152), most reported an annual household income less than USD 20,000 (n = 90, 60.4%), 29.1% reported food insecurity, and 39.5% reported receiving SNAP benefits within the last month. The overall mean FV intake was 3.46 daily servings (95% CI: 3.06–3.91) among all participants. SNAP participation was associated with food insecurity (p = 0.007) and those participating in SNAP were two times more likely to report being food insecure (OR = 2.707, 95% CI: 1.317, 5.563), relative to non-participants. These findings further depict the need for intervention, as the burden of food insecurity persists. Tailoring health-promoting initiatives to consider rurality and SNAP participation is vital for sustainable success among these populations. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176037 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176037 id: cord-350059-c25md0vm author: Delgado, Diego title: Personal Safety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Realities and Perspectives of Healthcare Workers in Latin America † date: 2020-04-18 words: 2539.0 sentences: 137.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-350059-c25md0vm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-350059-c25md0vm.txt summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reality and perceptions about personal safety among healthcare workers practicing in countries of Latin America during the current COVID-19 outbreak. Section 2 comprised four items and was designed to evaluate access to PPE (gel hand sanitizer, disposable gloves, disposable gowns, disposable masks, N95 masks, facial protective shields), access to personal safety policies and procedures (yes or no), access to COVID-19 diagnostic and treatment algorithms (yes or no), access to telemedicine to evaluate and follow up with patients (yes or no), and institutional support with human resources in case healthcare workers are sick (10-point Likert scale; 0 = no resources, 10 = full access to resources). In this survey study of healthcare professionals working in Latin America, we reported limited access to essential personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. abstract: Healthcare workers exposed to coronavirus (COVID-19) may not have adequate access to personal protective equipment (PPE), safety procedures, and diagnostic protocols. Our objective was to evaluate the reality and perceptions about personal safety among healthcare workers in Latin America. This is a cross-sectional, online survey-based study administered to 936 healthcare professionals in Latin America from 31 March 2020 to 4 April 2020. A 12-item structured questionnaire was developed. A total of 936 healthcare workers completed the online survey. Of them, 899 (95.1%) were physicians, 28 (2.9%) were nurses, and 18 (1.9%) were allied health professionals. Access to protective equipment was as follows: gel hand sanitizer (n = 889; 95%), disposable gloves (n = 853; 91.1%), disposable gowns (n = 630; 67.3%), disposable surgical masks (785; 83.9%), N95 masks (n = 516; 56.1%), and facial protective shields (n = 305; 32.6%). The vast majority (n = 707; 75.5%) had access to personal safety policies and procedures, and 699 (74.7%) participants had access to diagnostic algorithms. On a 1-to-10 Likert scale, the participants expressed limited human resources support (4.92 ± 0.2; mean ± SD), physical integrity protection in the workplace (5.5 ± 0.1; mean ± SD), and support from public health authorities (5.01 ± 0.12; mean ± SD). Healthcare workers in Latin America had limited access to essential PPE and support from healthcare authorities during the COVID-19 pandemic. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082798 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082798 id: cord-333015-xgudk2h0 author: Della Polla, Giorgia title: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Infectious Diseases Related to Travel of Community Pharmacists in Italy date: 2020-03-24 words: 4411.0 sentences: 196.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-333015-xgudk2h0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-333015-xgudk2h0.txt summary: Pharmacists who worked a higher number of hours per week, were more knowledgeable about the more frequent infectious diseases related to travel, believed that travel medicine was a pharmacist competency, believed that they could give advice to the public, and had received information from scientific journals and educational activities were more likely to have this positive attitude. Therefore, to enhance the existing information, the current study investigated the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards infectious diseases related to travel and their influencing factors among community pharmacists in Italy. The results of the multivariate linear regression model, built to test the variables associated with this outcome of interest, showed that pharmacists who worked a higher number of hours for week, those who had a higher level of knowledge about the more frequent infectious diseases related to travel, those who believed that travel medicine is a pharmacists'' competence, those who believed that they could give advice to the public about travel medicine, and those who had received information from scientific journals and educational activities compared with those who did not receive any information were more likely to believe that it is important to provide information to the public about travel medicine (Model 2 in Table 2 ). abstract: Pharmacists should be educated about travel medicine, since they could influence their own choices and those of the individuals they encounter. This study aims to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards infectious diseases related to travel among community pharmacists in Italy. The data was collected from September 2018 to September 2019 using semi-structured telephone interviews. Only 1.8% answered correctly to all seven questions regarding the infectious diseases related to travel. Community pharmacists who had heard about travel medicine and those who had received information were more likely to have good knowledge. More than two-thirds of the respondents believed that it is important to provide information to the public about travel medicine. Pharmacists who worked a higher number of hours per week, were more knowledgeable about the more frequent infectious diseases related to travel, believed that travel medicine was a pharmacist competency, believed that they could give advice to the public, and had received information from scientific journals and educational activities were more likely to have this positive attitude. More than two-thirds often/always informed the public about the importance of having travel health center counseling. Pharmacists who had heard about travel medicine and those who believed that they could give advice to the public were more likely to inform. Interventions are needed to improve knowledge in order that community pharmacists can play an active role in counseling the public. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32213832/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17062147 id: cord-299797-s1zdmf2u author: Dettori, Marco title: Environmental Risks Perception Among Citizens Living Near Industrial Plants: A Cross-Sectional Study date: 2020-07-06 words: 4989.0 sentences: 254.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-299797-s1zdmf2u.txt txt: ./txt/cord-299797-s1zdmf2u.txt summary: The present work is a cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the risk perception and evaluating the community outrage linked to environmental factors among a self-selected sample of citizens living in an area characterized by the presence of industrial structures of high emotional impact. The growing awareness of the health impacts caused by the alteration of environmental conditions by anthropic activities, such as industrial expansion near urban areas, atmospheric pollution, and climate change, plays a key role in the judgment and acceptability of the risks related to environmental Owing to its insularity, the region lends itself very well to observational investigations and represents an excellent test case in relation to the reported social dynamics. The full questionnaire is shown in Tables 2 and 3 (Results Section): Table 2 reports 6 questions related to the respondents'' general information; Table 3 shows 8 questions (numbers 7 to 14) related to health concerns and risk perceptions, together with their close-ended answers. abstract: The present work is a cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the risk perception and evaluating the community outrage linked to environmental factors among a self-selected sample of citizens living in an area characterized by the presence of industrial structures of high emotional impact. An anonymous questionnaire was administered to the population by publishing a Google form URL code in local and regional newspapers and via social media. The resulting data were entered on Excel and analyzed. Qualitative variables were summarized with absolute and relative (percentage) frequencies. The results showed that the event that causes the greatest worry was air pollution, with 92.6% of the respondents stating that they perceived the problem as “very” or “quite” worrying. Furthermore, all the health problems investigated in relation to environmental quality aroused concern among the interviewees, with 93.1% believing there was a cause-effect relationship between environmental quality and health. Overall, as other studies had previously underlined, the survey shows that the perceived risks are not always in line with the real ones, Thus, it is imperative to articulate interventions aimed at offering the population objective tools to enable them to interpret the risks themselves. In this regard, a fundamental role is played by adequate communication between the competent bodies and political decision-makers and the population. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134870 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134870 id: cord-342415-j3fv7u2d author: Dietler, Dominik title: Inclusion of Health in Impact Assessment: A Review of Current Practice in Sub-Saharan Africa date: 2020-06-10 words: 6348.0 sentences: 395.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-342415-j3fv7u2d.txt txt: ./txt/cord-342415-j3fv7u2d.txt summary: The examination of the final sample of 44 IA reports revealed a heavy focus on environmental health determinants and included health outcomes were often limited to a few aspects, such as HIV, malaria and injuries. Category A projects, such as most large-scale mining projects, are required to conduct a comprehensive IA, including a thorough assessment and data collection for informing potential health impacts [40, 42] . For each report section (e.g., baseline, impact assessment, mitigation measures and monitoring plan), information on the inclusion of different health aspects was extracted. This comprehensive review of IA reports of mining projects in SSA points at three main shortfalls of current IA practice: (i) lack of transparency; (ii) narrow scope of considered health aspects, with a strong focus on the physical environment; and (iii) lack of local-level primary data collection on health outcomes. abstract: Natural resource extraction projects, including those in the mining sector, have various effects on human health and wellbeing, with communities in resource-rich areas in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) being particularly vulnerable. While impact assessments (IA) can predict and mitigate negative effects, it is unclear whether and to what extent health aspects are included in current IA practice in SSA. For collecting IA reports, we contacted 569 mining projects and 35 ministries regulating the mining sector. The reports obtained were complemented by reports identified in prior research. The examination of the final sample of 44 IA reports revealed a heavy focus on environmental health determinants and included health outcomes were often limited to a few aspects, such as HIV, malaria and injuries. The miniscule yield of reports (1.6% of contacted projects) and the low response rate by the contacted mining companies (18%) might indicate a lack of transparency in the IA process of the mining sector in SSA. To address the shortcomings identified, policies regulating IA practice should strengthen the requirements for public disclosure of IA reports and promote a more comprehensive inclusion of health in IA, be it through stand-alone health impact assessment or more rigorous integration of health in other forms of IA. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114155 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17114155 id: cord-272406-h22atwd4 author: Diotaiuti, Pierluigi title: The Principal at Risk: Stress and Organizing Mindfulness in the School Context date: 2020-08-31 words: 6294.0 sentences: 305.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-272406-h22atwd4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-272406-h22atwd4.txt summary: Methods: This study was voluntarily attended by 419 Italian school principals who were administered the Psychological Stress Measurement (MSP), Mindfulness Organizing Scale (MOS), Polychronic-Monochronic Tendency Scale (PMTS), and the Scale of Emotions at Work (SEW). The effect of depressive anxiety on perceived discomfort (ß = 0.517) found a protective mediator in the mindfulness component that recognizes the sharing as a fundamental operational tool (ß = −0.206), while an increasing sense of effort and confusion could significantly amplify the experience of psychological discomfort associated with the exercise of school leadership (ß = 0.254). The first analyses of our study have indicated that the general perception of the principal''s working discomfort presents on the one hand an association with the level of stress, which contributes to increase the value of the discomfort, and on the other hand an equally significant association with organizing Mindfulness, which can substantially limit the negative effects of stress on perceived discomfort. abstract: Background: In recent years the role of school principals is becoming increasingly complex and responsible. Methods: This study was voluntarily attended by 419 Italian school principals who were administered the Psychological Stress Measurement (MSP), Mindfulness Organizing Scale (MOS), Polychronic-Monochronic Tendency Scale (PMTS), and the Scale of Emotions at Work (SEW). Results: The study has produced a path analysis model in which the relationships between the main predictors of principals’ work discomfort were explained. The effect of depressive anxiety on perceived discomfort (ß = 0.517) found a protective mediator in the mindfulness component that recognizes the sharing as a fundamental operational tool (ß = −0.206), while an increasing sense of effort and confusion could significantly amplify the experience of psychological discomfort associated with the exercise of school leadership (ß = 0.254). Conclusions: The model developed in this study suggests that focusing on organizing mindfulness can be a valuable guideline for interventions. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32878001/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176318 id: cord-334638-au5sqzxw author: Dores, Artemisa R. title: The Use of New Digital Information and Communication Technologies in Psychological Counseling during the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-10-21 words: 7908.0 sentences: 312.0 pages: flesch: 36.0 cache: ./cache/cord-334638-au5sqzxw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-334638-au5sqzxw.txt summary: The aims of this work were to (a) analyze how the attitudes of professionals in the field of psychology have changed in relation to the use of ICTs in the context of psychological monitoring during the lockdown; (b) assess whether the practice of psychological counseling and therapy includes greater use of ICTs during the lockdown period; (c) identify the factors that potentially have affected such changes; and (d) study the possible adoption of guidelines for at-distance psychological monitoring by psychologists who are using ICTs during the period of physical distance This study aimed to explore psychologists'' attitudes and practices related with the use of ICTs before and during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period, for identification of the main changes that have occurred in the provision of counseling and therapy. abstract: The use of digital information and communication technologies (ICTs) has enabled many professionals to continue to provide their services during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about the adoption of ICTs by psychologists and the impact of such technologies on their practice. This study aimed to explore psychologists’ practices related with the use of ICTs before and during the COVID-19 lockdown, to identify the main changes that the pandemic has brought and the impact that such changes have had on their practice with clients, and also identify the factors that potentially have affected such changes. The Portuguese Psychologists Association announced the study, and 108 psychologists responded to an online survey during the mandatory lockdown. The results showed that these professionals continued to provide their services due to having adopted ICTs. Comparing with face-to-face interventions, psychologists recognized that additional precautions/knowledge were needed to use such technologies. Despite the challenges identified, they described the experience with the use of ICTs as positive, meeting clients’ adherence, and yielding positive results. Psychologists with the most years of professional experience maintained their services the most, but those with average experience showed the most favorable attitudes toward the use of technologies and web-based interventions. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33096650/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207663 id: cord-269969-xl1ooxoj author: Duong, Tuyen Van title: Digital Healthy Diet Literacy and Self-Perceived Eating Behavior Change during COVID-19 Pandemic among Undergraduate Nursing and Medical Students: A Rapid Online Survey date: 2020-09-30 words: 4133.0 sentences: 209.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-269969-xl1ooxoj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-269969-xl1ooxoj.txt summary: title: Digital Healthy Diet Literacy and Self-Perceived Eating Behavior Change during COVID-19 Pandemic among Undergraduate Nursing and Medical Students: A Rapid Online Survey We examined the psychometric properties of digital healthy diet literacy (DDL) and its association with eating behavior changes during the COVID-19 pandemic among nursing and medical students. We conducted a cross-sectional study from 7 April to 31 May 2020 at 10 public universities in Vietnam, in which 7616 undergraduate students aged 19–27 completed an online survey to assess socio-demographics, clinical parameters, health literacy (HL), DDL, and health-related behaviors. We examined the psychometric properties of an expanded digital healthy diet literacy (DDL) domain of health literacy to investigate associations between DDL and eating behavior changes during the COVID-19 pandemic among nursing and medical students at 10 public universities in Vietnam. In this study, our findings illustrate that higher scores of health literacy and digital healthy diet literacy were positively associated with healthier eating behavior during the pandemic for both nursing and medical students. abstract: Assessing healthy diet literacy and eating behaviors is critical for identifying appropriate public health responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined the psychometric properties of digital healthy diet literacy (DDL) and its association with eating behavior changes during the COVID-19 pandemic among nursing and medical students. We conducted a cross-sectional study from 7 April to 31 May 2020 at 10 public universities in Vietnam, in which 7616 undergraduate students aged 19–27 completed an online survey to assess socio-demographics, clinical parameters, health literacy (HL), DDL, and health-related behaviors. Four items of the DDL scale loaded on one component explained 71.32%, 67.12%, and 72.47% of the scale variances for the overall sample, nursing, and medical students, respectively. The DDL scale was found to have satisfactory item-scale convergent validity and criterion validity, high internal consistency reliability, and no floor or ceiling effect. Of all, 42.8% of students reported healthier eating behavior during the pandemic. A 10-index score increment of DDL was associated with 18%, 23%, and 17% increased likelihood of healthier eating behavior during the pandemic for the overall sample (OR, 1.18; 95%CI, 1.13, 1.24; p < 0.001), nursing students (OR, 1.23; 95%CI, 1.10, 1.35; p < 0.001), and medical students (OR, 1.17; 95%CI, 1.11, 1.24; p < 0.001), respectively. The DDL scale is a valid and reliable tool for the quick assessment of digital healthy diet literacy. Students with higher DDL scores had a higher likelihood of healthier eating behavior during the pandemic. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197185 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197185 id: cord-271898-cct702cv author: Duplaga, Mariusz title: The Acceptance of Key Public Health Interventions by the Polish Population Is Related to Health Literacy, But Not eHealth Literacy date: 2020-07-29 words: 6902.0 sentences: 331.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-271898-cct702cv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-271898-cct702cv.txt summary: The main aim of this study was to assess the association between HL and eHL with the opinions about vaccinations and the introduction of the ST held by a representative sample of the adult Polish population. According to the systematic review published by Lopez et al., higher acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was associated most consistently with female gender and younger age of respondent parent, female gender of the adolescent, higher household income and previous childhood vaccinations [35] . Finally, the systematic review with a meta-analysis based on 20 papers reporting the results of 22 studies, published in 2019 by Eykelenboom et al., showed that 42% of the public supported the SSB tax; 39% accepted it as a measure to reduce obesity, and 66% supported it if the revenue is used for some type of health-improving initiative [70] . abstract: Background: Public health and health promotion rely on many different interventions, which range from health education and communication, through community mobilisation and changes to environmental conditions, to legal and fiscal actions. The introduction of the increased tax on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), popularly called sugar tax (ST), and a mandatory programme of vaccinations are the strategies inciting the most vivid discussions in Polish society. The study was intended to assess the determinants of the attitudes of Polish society regarding the ST and to vaccinations. Methods: For the analysis, the data originating from the survey of a representative adult sample of Polish society (n = 1000) was used. The survey was based on computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI). The assessment of the relationships between the selected variables and the opinions about the introduction of the ST and the safety and effectiveness of vaccinations were carried out using the chi(2) test and univariate logistic regression models. Results: The acceptance of the ST and vaccination showed a significant relationship to the level of health literacy (HL) but not to eHealth literacy (eHL). Respondents having a higher rather than lower HL; older rather than younger; married rather than singles; retired, or on a disability pension, rather than vocationally active and nonusers of the Internet rather than users were more likely to show an acceptance for both interventions. Those more frequently using health care services and those with chronic diseases showed a greater belief in the safety and effectiveness of vaccinations. Conclusions: The relationship between the opinions of the two public health interventions analysed and the sociodemographic variables demonstrated similar patterns. Interestingly, the opinions were associated only with HL and not with eHL and users of the Internet were more sceptical about the interventions. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155459 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155459 id: cord-332977-884z6qrq author: Ehrlich, Rodney title: Current Guidelines for Protecting Health Workers from Occupational Tuberculosis Are Necessary, but Not Sufficient: Towards a Comprehensive Occupational Health Approach date: 2020-06-03 words: 5196.0 sentences: 236.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-332977-884z6qrq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-332977-884z6qrq.txt summary: Barriers to IPC implementation vary with the study design and questions asked, but cover the whole gamut: lack of a national regulatory framework and associated budget; lack of management support; unfamiliarity of staff with IPC guidelines; failure to triage or screen patients; insufficient infrastructure and equipment, such as isolation spaces and personal protective equipment (PPE); deficient ventilation; inadequate staffing and training; poor functioning of infection control committees; and neglect of exposed non-clinical staff. A review across Botswana, Zambia, and South Africa of laws relevant to reduction of TB transmission adopted a systems view by focusing on regulations governing national legal and policy frameworks; facility design, construction, and use; patients'' and health workers'' rights; and research, as well as the monitoring of infection control measures and TB surveillance among health workers. Health Care Worker Perspectives on workplace safety, infection control and drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high burden HIV setting abstract: Health workers globally are at elevated occupational risk of tuberculosis infection and disease. While a raft of guidelines have been published over the past 25 years on infection prevention and control (IPC) in healthcare, studies in different settings continue to show inadequate implementation and persistence of risk. The aim of this commentary is to argue, based on the literature and our own research, that a comprehensive occupational health approach is an essential complement to IPC guidelines. Such an approach includes a health system framework focusing on upstream or mediating components, such as a statutory regulation, leadership, an information system, and staff trained in protective disciplines. Within the classical prevention framework, primary prevention needs to be complemented by occupational health services (secondary prevention) and worker’s compensation (tertiary prevention). A worker-centric approach recognises the ethical implications of screening health workers, as well as the stigma perceived by those diagnosed with tuberculosis. It also provides for the voiced experience of health workers and their participation in decision-making. We argue that such a comprehensive approach will contribute to both the prevention of occupational tuberculosis and to the ability of a health system to withstand other crises of infectious hazards to its workforce. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32503223/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113957 id: cord-258965-g47n531n author: Ekpenyong, Bernadine title: Assessment of Knowledge, Practice and Guidelines towards the Novel COVID-19 among Eye Care Practitioners in Nigeria–A Survey-Based Study date: 2020-07-16 words: 4732.0 sentences: 209.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-258965-g47n531n.txt txt: ./txt/cord-258965-g47n531n.txt summary: The aim of this study was to explore knowledge, practice of risk and guidelines of the novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) infection among the eye care practitioners and the potential associated factors. ECPs in Nigeria displayed good knowledge about COVID-19 and provided eye care services during the COVID-19 lockdown in Nigeria, despite the majority not receiving any training on the use of PPEs with concerns over attending to patients. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and practice of COVID-19 exposure risk among ECPs as well as understand their confidence in current Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH) guidelines for identifying possible COVID-19 cases, knowledge of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) recommendations and training in its usage when managing such cases. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on practitioners, their family members and practices, including questions on their confidence in the current FMoH guidelines for identifying possible COVID-19 cases, their knowledge of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) recommendations, and training in its usage during consultation were assessed. abstract: The aim of this study was to explore knowledge, practice of risk and guidelines of the novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) infection among the eye care practitioners and the potential associated factors. A cross-sectional self-administered online survey was distributed via emails and social media networks between 2nd and 18th May 2020 corresponding to the week of the lockdown in Nigeria to eye care practitioners (ECPs). Data for 823 respondents were analyzed. Knowledge and risk practice were categorized as binary outcome and univariate and multivariate linear regression were used to examine the associated factors. The mean score for COVID-19-related knowledge of public health guidelines was high and varied across the ECPs. Ophthalmic Nurses, Ophthalmologists and Optometrists showed higher COVID-19-related knowledge than other ECPs (p < 0.001), particularly those working in the private sector. More than 50% of ECPs stated they provided essential services during the COVID-19 lockdown via physical consultation, particularly the Ophthalmologists. Most respondents reported that the guidelines provided by their Association were useful but expressed their lack of confidence in attending to patients during and after the COVID-19 lockdown. Compared to other ECPs in Nigeria, more Ophthalmic Nurses received training in the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). This survey is the first to assess knowledge, attitudes and practice in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. ECPs in Nigeria displayed good knowledge about COVID-19 and provided eye care services during the COVID-19 lockdown in Nigeria, despite the majority not receiving any training on the use of PPEs with concerns over attending to patients. There is need for the government to strengthen health systems by improving and extending training on standard infection prevention and control measures to ECPs for effective control of the pandemic and in the future as essential health workers. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145141 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145141 id: cord-353482-dz343h7t author: Ellis, Matthew title: Global Community Child Health date: 2020-05-11 words: 1418.0 sentences: 67.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353482-dz343h7t.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353482-dz343h7t.txt summary: This special issue of IJERPH has published a range of studies in this developing field of Global Community Child Health research. In addition to rural community-based initiatives given that most children now live in cities we are also interested to hear about urban initiatives….'' We hope this issue will of great interest to the researchers and practitioners as well as academia from the fields of Global Health as well as Global Child Health because it comprised of 14 articles representing all five continents. Despite of the journal''s strive for reaching out to a wider global child health community, this issue missed contributions relating to child safeguarding and social determinants of urban health. Whatever the level of the threat it is the mobilisation of community and household level interventions to protect and enable children which lies at the heart of global community child health [1] . We invited studies describing community-based interventions which impact on child health and wellbeing around the globe. abstract: This special issue of IJERPH has published a range of studies in this developing field of Global Community Child Health research. A number of manuscripts submitted in response to our invitation describing ‘community-based interventions which impact on child health and wellbeing around the globe. In addition to rural community-based initiatives given that most children now live in cities we are also interested to hear about urban initiatives….’ We hope this issue will of great interest to the researchers and practitioners as well as academia from the fields of Global Health as well as Global Child Health because it comprised of 14 articles representing all five continents. Physical activity appears a key component of the scientific community’s current conception of child well-being judging from the four papers published addressing this area. This issue also has papers on childhood obesity to rubella vaccination. Despite of the journal’s strive for reaching out to a wider global child health community, this issue missed contributions relating to child safeguarding and social determinants of urban health. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093331 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093331 id: cord-314211-tv1nhojk author: Eltoukhy, Abdelrahman E. E. title: Data Analytics for Predicting COVID-19 Cases in Top Affected Countries: Observations and Recommendations date: 2020-09-27 words: 9260.0 sentences: 551.0 pages: flesch: 57.0 cache: ./cache/cord-314211-tv1nhojk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-314211-tv1nhojk.txt summary: The number of COVID-19 cases can be accurately predicted by considering historical data of reported cases alongside some external factors that affect the spread of the virus. [37] have proposed an AI-based algorithm for predicting COVID-19 cases using a hybrid Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model. These important factors include population, median age index, public and private healthcare expenditure, air quality as a CO 2 trend, seasonality as month of data collection, number of arrivals in the country/territory, and education index. First, there is no previous study that simultaneously considers the historical data of the number of COVID-19 cases and most of the external factors that affect the spread of the virus. These external factors include population, median age index, public and private healthcare expenditure, air quality as a CO 2 trend, seasonality as month of data collection, number of arrivals in the country/territory, and education index. abstract: The outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has adversely affected many countries in the world. The unexpected large number of COVID-19 cases has disrupted the healthcare system in many countries and resulted in a shortage of bed spaces in the hospitals. Consequently, predicting the number of COVID-19 cases is imperative for governments to take appropriate actions. The number of COVID-19 cases can be accurately predicted by considering historical data of reported cases alongside some external factors that affect the spread of the virus. In the literature, most of the existing prediction methods focus only on the historical data and overlook most of the external factors. Hence, the number of COVID-19 cases is inaccurately predicted. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to simultaneously consider historical data and the external factors. This can be accomplished by adopting data analytics, which include developing a nonlinear autoregressive exogenous input (NARX) neural network-based algorithm. The viability and superiority of the developed algorithm are demonstrated by conducting experiments using data collected for top five affected countries in each continent. The results show an improved accuracy when compared with existing methods. Moreover, the experiments are extended to make future prediction for the number of patients afflicted with COVID-19 during the period from August 2020 until September 2020. By using such predictions, both the government and people in the affected countries can take appropriate measures to resume pre-epidemic activities. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32992643/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197080 id: cord-268716-lbxmteyn author: Erokhin, Vasilii title: Impacts of COVID-19 on Trade and Economic Aspects of Food Security: Evidence from 45 Developing Countries date: 2020-08-10 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The stability of food supply chains is crucial to the food security of people around the world. Since the beginning of 2020, this stability has been undergoing one of the most vigorous pressure tests ever due to the COVID-19 outbreak. From a mere health issue, the pandemic has turned into an economic threat to food security globally in the forms of lockdowns, economic decline, food trade restrictions, and rising food inflation. It is safe to assume that the novel health crisis has badly struck the least developed and developing economies, where people are particularly vulnerable to hunger and malnutrition. However, due to the recency of the COVID-19 problem, the impacts of macroeconomic fluctuations on food insecurity have remained scantily explored. In this study, the authors attempted to bridge this gap by revealing interactions between the food security status of people and the dynamics of COVID-19 cases, food trade, food inflation, and currency volatilities. The study was performed in the cases of 45 developing economies distributed to three groups by the level of income. The consecutive application of the autoregressive distributed lag method, Yamamoto’s causality test, and variance decomposition analysis allowed the authors to find the food insecurity effects of COVID-19 to be more perceptible in upper-middle-income economies than in the least developed countries. In the latter, food security risks attributed to the emergence of the health crisis were mainly related to economic access to adequate food supply (food inflation), whereas in higher-income developing economies, availability-sided food security risks (food trade restrictions and currency depreciation) were more prevalent. The approach presented in this paper contributes to the establishment of a methodology framework that may equip decision-makers with up-to-date estimations of health crisis effects on economic parameters of food availability and access to staples in food-insecure communities. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32785155/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165775 id: cord-355066-jm07z3zk author: Ertemel, Adnan Veysel title: A Marketing Approach to a Psychological Problem: Problematic Smartphone Use on Adolescents date: 2020-04-04 words: 7805.0 sentences: 471.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-355066-jm07z3zk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-355066-jm07z3zk.txt summary: Finally, this study first sought to explore the demographic factors influence on the adolescents'' problematic smartphone use, namely gender, age, grades and parental education [59] [60] [61] [62] . Afterwards, the main focus of the study is to find out how does a marketing based education program reduces the problematic smartphone use of adolescents. The adolescents'' problematic smartphone use will decrease after receiving a marketing based education program including gamification and unhook strategies. The first set of hypotheses explored the problematic smartphone use difference in terms of gender (H1a), age (H1b), adolescents'' grades (H1c) and parents'' education (H1d). In order to test the problematic smartphone use difference on the basis of the adolescents'' grades (H1c) an analysis of variance test showed that SASA scores before the education do differ significantly according to the students'' grade levels. abstract: Background: Smartphones have become an indispensable part of the daily lives of adolescents in the 21st century, which is characterized by a highly digitized modern world. Besides their many advantages, smartphones might pave the way to compulsive usage and addictive experiences. To remedy this problem, this study proposes an authentic approach which integrates consumer behavior theories and techniques such as unhook and gamification. An education program has been designed based on these approaches to decrease the problematic smartphone use. Method: The participants of the education program consisted of 305 students (48.2% girls and 51.8% boys) with a mean age of 14.57 (SD = 0.74). The Demographic Form and Smartphone Addiction Scale for Adolescents (SASA) were conducted before the education program and three weeks after the education. Results: The results of the paired sample t-test analysis before and after the education program revealed that the SASA total scores decreased significantly (p < 0.01). There are significant differences in terms of gender, mothers’ education and class levels. Conclusion: This research emphasizes the role of an interdisciplinary approach to the addiction problem. The content used in the education program includes strategies that originally aimed at increasing consumption. The effectiveness of the program can be enhanced further in the future along with self-regulatory additions. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32260429/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072471 id: cord-325963-d0hvukbu author: Faes, Christel title: Time between Symptom Onset, Hospitalisation and Recovery or Death: Statistical Analysis of Belgian COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-10-17 words: 5587.0 sentences: 277.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-325963-d0hvukbu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-325963-d0hvukbu.txt summary: The time between symptom onset and hospitalization or diagnosis are similar, with median length between symptom onset and hospitalization ranging between 3 and 10.4 days, depending on the age of the patient (longest delay in age group 20–60 years) and whether or not the patient lives in a nursing home (additional 2 days for patients from nursing home). The time from symptom onset to hospitalization is more than doubled in the working age (20-60 years) and ageing (60-80 years) population as compared to this young population (median close to 4 days and a delay of more than 6.7 days for a quarter of the patients). In Belgium, the mean time from symptom onset to hospitalization overall is 5.74 days, which is slightly longer as compared to the reported delay in other countries, but depending on the patient population, estimates range between 3 and 10.4 days in Belgium. abstract: There are different patterns in the COVID-19 outbreak in the general population and amongst nursing home patients. We investigate the time from symptom onset to diagnosis and hospitalization or the length of stay (LoS) in the hospital, and whether there are differences in the population. Sciensano collected information on 14,618 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 admissions from 114 Belgian hospitals between 14 March and 12 June 2020. The distributions of different event times for different patient groups are estimated accounting for interval censoring and right truncation of the time intervals. The time between symptom onset and hospitalization or diagnosis are similar, with median length between symptom onset and hospitalization ranging between 3 and 10.4 days, depending on the age of the patient (longest delay in age group 20–60 years) and whether or not the patient lives in a nursing home (additional 2 days for patients from nursing home). The median LoS in hospital varies between 3 and 10.4 days, with the LoS increasing with age. The hospital LoS for patients that recover is shorter for patients living in a nursing home, but the time to death is longer for these patients. Over the course of the first wave, the LoS has decreased. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207560 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207560 id: cord-351880-iqr419fp author: Fan, Changyu title: Prediction of Epidemic Spread of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Driven by Spring Festival Transportation in China: A Population-Based Study date: 2020-03-04 words: 8542.0 sentences: 400.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-351880-iqr419fp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-351880-iqr419fp.txt summary: Total 1999 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 11,999 Hubei 1514 1508 1487 1465 1477 1547 8998 Henan 113 134 109 159 170 125 810 Anhui 59 58 55 53 56 46 327 Hunan 57 46 68 54 41 36 302 Jiangxi 58 40 53 57 49 34 291 Chongqing 34 29 34 33 33 35 198 Zhejiang 22 29 25 33 25 33 167 Sichuan 22 30 45 21 22 27 167 Fujian 14 17 16 15 39 19 120 Jiangsu 38 13 16 19 13 11 110 Shandong 12 18 11 13 8 12 74 Guangdong 7 8 18 18 14 8 73 Hebei 0 1 5 Tianjin 1 0 0 1 0 1 3 Shanghai 0 1 0 1 0 1 3 Inner Mongolia 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 Xizang 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 Ningxia 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 According to the current infectious features of 2019-nCoV, which are that middle-aged and elderly people have a high risk of infection, and transmission can occur between individuals, families and communities, we assessed several main variables. abstract: After the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak, we estimated the distribution and scale of more than 5 million migrants residing in Wuhan after they returned to their hometown communities in Hubei Province or other provinces at the end of 2019 by using the data from the 2013–2018 China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS). We found that the distribution of Wuhan’s migrants is centred in Hubei Province (approximately 75%) at a provincial level, gradually decreasing in the surrounding provinces in layers, with obvious spatial characteristics of circle layers and echelons. The scale of Wuhan’s migrants, whose origins in Hubei Province give rise to a gradient reduction from east to west within the province, and account for 66% of Wuhan’s total migrants, are from the surrounding prefectural-level cities of Wuhan. The distribution comprises 94 districts and counties in Hubei Province, and the cumulative percentage of the top 30 districts and counties exceeds 80%. Wuhan’s migrants have a large proportion of middle-aged and high-risk individuals. Their social characteristics include nuclear family migration (84%), migration with families of 3–4 members (71%), a rural household registration (85%), and working or doing business (84%) as the main reason for migration. Using a quasi-experimental analysis framework, we found that the size of Wuhan’s migrants was highly correlated with the daily number of confirmed cases. Furthermore, we compared the epidemic situation in different regions and found that the number of confirmed cases in some provinces and cities in Hubei Province may be underestimated, while the epidemic situation in some regions has increased rapidly. The results are conducive to monitoring the epidemic prevention and control in various regions. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32143519/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051679 id: cord-354619-pftjhtpo author: Farronato, Marco title: A Call for Action to Safely Deliver Oral Health Care during and Post COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-15 words: 5041.0 sentences: 258.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-354619-pftjhtpo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-354619-pftjhtpo.txt summary: The oral cavity is purported to be one of the main host sites, both for entry and transmission, implicated in SARS-CoV-2 spread either through contact, droplet, aerosols, or saliva. Evidence suggests that the classic mechanism of transmission, contact and droplet spread, can be contained mostly by isolating symptomatic patients and by the use of facial masks/facial coverings, which de facto provides a physical barrier to the oral cavity and nose, the primary source of infection for droplets and larger aerosol particles. Following the above proposed guidelines, no cases COVID-19 disease transmission after single or multiple dental consultations was registered among the DHCW or patients. Classified as operative and non-operative, depending on their ability to work in the oral cavity or/and provide an essential outside support, the DHCW and the patients visiting the dental practice are undeniably at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and further transmission [41] . abstract: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak started just a couple of months ago and it grew rapidly causing several deaths and morbidities. The mechanism behind the transmission of the virus is still not completely understood despite a multitude of new specific manuscripts being published daily. This article highlights the oral cavity as a possible viral transmission route into the body via the Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor. It also provides guidelines for routine protective measures in the dental office while delivering oral health care. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186704 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186704 id: cord-355133-s1az6o5c author: Farronato, Marco title: A Scoping Review of Respirator Literature and a Survey among Dental Professionals date: 2020-08-17 words: 4529.0 sentences: 237.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-355133-s1az6o5c.txt txt: ./txt/cord-355133-s1az6o5c.txt summary: The aim of this paper is to assess the perceived experience associated with N95/FFP2 respirators based on the available literature and data collected through an online survey completed by Italian dental professionals. The findings concurred that the prolonged use of respirators was associated with headaches (47.5%), severe exertion and discomfort (50.8%), moderate concentration problems (54.3%), moderate breathing difficulties (63.5%), and consequently, an impaired work ability (85.5%). The objectives of this paper were to evaluate the relevant findings in the literature regarding the rationale for use of an N95/FFP2 respirator related to AGPs particle sizes [26] that could contain the COVID-19 virus [6] in dental healthcare workers and assess the perceived symptoms experienced by dental professionals with the use of these respirators. Discomfort and exertion, which are common reports from the study, were a severe consequence of prolonged N95/FFP2 use for 50.8% of the sample (130 participants) and were related to gender, particularly with females (it was severe for 58.2% of females and 43.4% of males, p = 0.012) but not with the number of hours spent wearing respirators. abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus was discovered in China in late 2019 and subsequently triggered a global pandemic. Dentists, like many other health professionals, are at an increased risk of contracting the virus as they work in close proximity to patients, especially when performing aerosol-generating procedures. Thus, in order for dentists to protect themselves and their patients, it is recommended that practitioners wear filtering facepiece 2 (FFP2) respirators. The prolonged use of these FFP2 respirators has been linked to several side effects. The aim of this paper is to assess the perceived experience associated with N95/FFP2 respirators based on the available literature and data collected through an online survey completed by Italian dental professionals. Articles were included up to May 2020 and literature searches were conducted through The National Library of Medicine, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase databases. The search terms included COVID-19, respirators, masks, and discomfort. An online survey was administered to 256 Italian dentists. The results from this survey were in agreement with the available literature. The findings concurred that the prolonged use of respirators was associated with headaches (47.5%), severe exertion and discomfort (50.8%), moderate concentration problems (54.3%), moderate breathing difficulties (63.5%), and consequently, an impaired work ability (85.5%). These findings were not influenced by the number of hours spent wearing the respirator. Despite several side effects, FFP2 respirators are fundamental in protecting dentists and their importance was acknowledged. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824564/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165968 id: cord-348994-ly2fop7d author: Faustini, Annunziata title: Attributable Risk to Assess the Health Impact of Air Pollution: Advances, Controversies, State of the Art and Future Needs date: 2020-06-23 words: 8162.0 sentences: 356.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt txt: ./txt/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt summary: It also summarizes the ongoing discussion about the designs and methods for assessing the air pollution impact with particular attention to improvements due to spatio-temporal analysis and other new approaches, such as studying short term effects in cohorts, and the still discussed methods of predicting the values of attributable risk (AR). The most important problems with these studies were recognized by the researchers themselves, i.e., (1) not having studied other factors potentially responsible for the effects, including air pollutants other than particulate matter (PM), (2) not having individual measurements of exposure, which could prefigure exposure measurement errors, (3) having measured mortality that was premature only by a few days, which is an effect of limited public-health impact, (4) having used different methods to study this association in different cities. abstract: Despite the increased attention given to the health impact assessment of air pollution and to the strategies to control it in both scientific literature and concrete interventions, the results of the implementations, especially those involving traffic, have not always been satisfactory and there is still disagreement about the most appropriate interventions and the methods to assess their effectiveness. This state-of-the-art article reviews the recent interpretation of the concepts that concern the impact assessment, and compares old and new measurements of attributable risk and attributable fraction. It also summarizes the ongoing discussion about the designs and methods for assessing the air pollution impact with particular attention to improvements due to spatio-temporal analysis and other new approaches, such as studying short term effects in cohorts, and the still discussed methods of predicting the values of attributable risk (AR). Finally, the study presents the more recent analytic perspectives and the methods for directly assessing the effects of not yet implemented interventions on air quality and health, in accordance with the suggestion in the strategic plan 2020−2025 from the Health Effect Institute. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124512 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124512 id: cord-302704-rj4le1qn author: Felknor, Sarah A. title: How Will the Future of Work Shape the OSH Professional of the Future? A Workshop Summary date: 2020-09-30 words: 5163.0 sentences: 235.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-302704-rj4le1qn.txt txt: ./txt/cord-302704-rj4le1qn.txt summary: Rapid and profound changes anticipated in the future of work will have significant implications for the education and training of occupational safety and health (OSH) professionals and the workforce. It is therefore likely that there will be a need for new disciplines and specialties in OSH or, at a minimum, a broader skill set and expanded training of traditional OSH professions to include occupational health psychology, human resource management, and TWH [18] . It is therefore likely that there will be a need for new disciplines and specialties in OSH or, at a minimum, a broader skill set and expanded training of traditional OSH professions to include occupational health psychology, human resource management, and TWH [18] . It is important to note that the workshop was designed to identify challenges, gaps, and needs facing the future of education and training of OSH professionals and not necessarily to provide concrete answers or next steps in the development of curricula, credentialing of OSH professions, or evaluation of new training methods. abstract: Rapid and profound changes anticipated in the future of work will have significant implications for the education and training of occupational safety and health (OSH) professionals and the workforce. As the nature of the workplace, work, and the workforce change, the OSH field must expand its focus to include existing and new hazards (some yet unknown), consider how to protect the health and well-being of a diverse workforce, and understand and mitigate the safety implications of new work arrangements. Preparing for these changes is critical to developing proactive systems that can protect workers, prevent injury and illness, and promote worker well-being. An in-person workshop held on February 3–4, 2020 at The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) School of Public Health in Houston, Texas, USA, examined some of the challenges and opportunities OSH education will face in both academic and industry settings. The onslaught of the COVID-19 global pandemic reached the United States one month after this workshop and greatly accelerated the pace of change. This article summarizes presentations from national experts and thought leaders across the spectrum of OSH and professionals in the fields of strategic foresight, systems thinking, and industry, and provides recommendations for the field. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33007820/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197154 id: cord-271765-altqn10l author: Fernández-Díaz, Elena title: Exploring WHO Communication during the COVID 19 Pandemic through the WHO Website Based on W3C Guidelines: Accessible for All? date: 2020-08-05 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Health crisis situations generate greater attention and dependence on reliable and truthful information from citizens, especially from those organisations that represent authority on the subject, such as the World Health Organization (WHO). In times of global pandemics such as COVID-19, the WHO message “health for all” takes on great communicative importance, especially from the point of view of the prevention of the disease and recommendations for action. Therefore, any communication must be understandable and accessible by all types of people, regardless of their technology, language, culture or disability (physical or mental), according to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), taking on special relevance for public health content. This study analysed whether the WHO is accessible in its digital version for all groups of citizens according to the widely accepted standards in the field of the Internet. The conclusion reached was that not all the information is accessible in accordance with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.1, which implies that there are groups that are, to some extent, left out, especially affecting the elderly. This study can contribute to the development of proposals and suggest ways in which to improve the accessibility of health content to groups especially vulnerable in this pandemic. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32764480/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165663 id: cord-278870-pct184oa author: Finell, Eerika title: The Combined Effect of Perceived COVID-19 Infection Risk at Work and Identification with Work Community on Psychosocial Wellbeing among Finnish Social Sector and Health Care Workers date: 2020-10-19 words: 5017.0 sentences: 372.0 pages: flesch: 63.0 cache: ./cache/cord-278870-pct184oa.txt txt: ./txt/cord-278870-pct184oa.txt summary: title: The Combined Effect of Perceived COVID-19 Infection Risk at Work and Identification with Work Community on Psychosocial Wellbeing among Finnish Social Sector and Health Care Workers We examined the combined effect of perceived risk associated with COVID-19 infection at work and work community identification on psychosocial well-being (i.e., frequency of stress symptoms) among health care and social sector workers in Finland (N = 1279). Thus, when occupational organizations consider protective strategies against stress that is related to COVID-19 infection risk at work among social sector and health care workers, promoting identification with their work community might be one key protective factor that can buffer this stress. This article analyses the combined effect of the perceived risk associated with COVID-19 infection at work with work community identification on psychosocial well-being (i.e., frequency of stress symptoms) among health care and social sector workers in Finland. abstract: It has been well documented that both risk perception and group identification are related to psychosocial well-being. However, their combined effect has rarely been analyzed. We examined the combined effect of perceived risk associated with COVID-19 infection at work and work community identification on psychosocial well-being (i.e., frequency of stress symptoms) among health care and social sector workers in Finland (N = 1279). Data were collected via an online questionnaire in June 2020 and analyses of covariance were conducted. Perceived COVID-19 infection risk at work was classified into high, medium and low risk. In total, 41% of participants reported a high risk. After all background variables were included, participants who reported high perceived infection risk and low work community identification reported stress symptoms more often than those who reported high perceived risk and high identification (p = 0.010). Similarly, the former differed significantly from all other comparison groups (medium and low risk, p < 0.001), being the most stressed. We found that perceived infection risk and work community identification were not related to each other. Our conclusion is that high work community identification can buffer employee stress when faced with a high perceived health risk. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, work organizations with a high infection risk should advance the possibility of employees’ identification with their work community. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207623 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207623 id: cord-313356-ninzeazy author: Fiorillo, Luca title: COVID-19 Surface Persistence: A Recent Data Summary and Its Importance for Medical and Dental Settings date: 2020-04-30 words: 3803.0 sentences: 248.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-313356-ninzeazy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-313356-ninzeazy.txt summary: title: COVID-19 Surface Persistence: A Recent Data Summary and Its Importance for Medical and Dental Settings Recently, due to the coronavirus pandemic, many guidelines and anti-contagion strategies continue to report unclear information about the persistence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the environment. The purpose of this article is to highlight all the sources currently present in the literature concerning the persistence of the different coronaviruses in the environment as well as in medical and dental settings. The aim of this article is to evaluate, through the analysis of the current literature, how long this virus can remain active on different surfaces. On average, the different coronaviruses persist in an infectious state on surfaces for several days, even up to nine. Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention abstract: Recently, due to the coronavirus pandemic, many guidelines and anti-contagion strategies continue to report unclear information about the persistence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the environment. This certainly generates insecurity and fear in people, with an important psychological component that is not to be underestimated at this stage of the pandemic. The purpose of this article is to highlight all the sources currently present in the literature concerning the persistence of the different coronaviruses in the environment as well as in medical and dental settings. As this was a current study, there are still not many sources in the literature, and scientific strategies are moving towards therapy and diagnosis, rather than knowing the characteristics of the virus. Such an article could be an aid to summarize virus features and formulate new guidelines and anti-spread strategies. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32365891/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093132 id: cord-302847-d5serpz5 author: Fischer, Tatjana title: Capturing the Spatial Relatedness of Long-Distance Caregiving: A Mixed-Methods Approach date: 2020-09-02 words: 10594.0 sentences: 579.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-302847-d5serpz5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-302847-d5serpz5.txt summary: Efforts for overcoming geographic distances [7] Maintaining work/life/care balance [2] Influence on kind of provided support for and visiting the cared-for person [3, 6] "Watching the deterioration of their loved one" [7, 27] Use of telecommunication to keep in contact with the cared-for person or rather to stay informed [28] [29] [30] Cost expenditure and choice of means of transport emotional stress [7] and opportunity to take advantage of health promotion offers [1] Causal (attributes/qualities) Availability and quality of public transport [31] Availability of informal and formal elder care support and infrastructure in the residential municipality of the domestic cared-for person ((potential) co-resident caregivers, local caregivers, neighbors, friends) Quality of the built environment of the cared-for person (construction-related barriers, maintenance of the garden) Several initiatives regarding the modeling of spatial relatedness of LDC based on the perspective of the long-distance caregiving person and graph theory must be preceded by an appropriate preparation of the available relevant spatial information and its assignment to the various semantic categories. abstract: Long-distance caregiving (LDC) is an issue of growing importance in the context of assessing the future of elder care and the maintenance of health and well-being of both the cared-for persons and the long-distance caregivers. Uncertainty in the international discussion relates to the relevance of spatially related aspects referring to the burdens of the long-distance caregiver and their (longer-term) willingness and ability to provide care for their elderly relatives. This paper is the result of a first attempt to operationalize and comprehensively analyze the spatial relatedness of long-distance caregiving against the background of the international literature by combining a longitudinal single case study of long-distance caregiving person and semantic hierarchies. In the cooperation of spatial sciences and geoinformatics an analysis grid based on a graph-theoretical model was developed. The elaborated conceptual framework should stimulate a more detailed and precise interdisciplinary discussion on the spatial relatedness of long-distance caregiving and, thus, is open for further refinement in order to become a decision-support tool for policy-makers responsible for social and elder care and health promotion. Moreover, it may serve as a starting point for the development of a method for the numerical determination of the long-distance caregivers on different spatial reference scales. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176406 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176406 id: cord-266239-l0ulr2ep author: Freeman, Shannon title: Intergenerational Effects on the Impacts of Technology Use in Later Life: Insights from an International, Multi-Site Study date: 2020-08-07 words: 6851.0 sentences: 363.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-266239-l0ulr2ep.txt txt: ./txt/cord-266239-l0ulr2ep.txt summary: Participants referenced younger family members as having introduced them to, and having taught them how to use, technologies such as digital devices, computers, and social networking sites. A particular gap in knowledge exists regarding the role of intergenerational elements in motivating older adults to learn how to use technology and associated ICTs. Across the globe, societies are aging rapidly due to increased life expectancy as a result of better health and social care, and lower birth rates [4] . The challenges to acquiring new technology skills and strategies for connecting with younger generations to overcome them suggest the importance of intergenerational influences on older adults'' understanding and use of technology, which must be further explored. Our study revealed findings similar to those noted above but for multiple digital technologies, which suggests a more universal and generalizable use of technologies among older adults to increase intergenerational family social interactions as a "digital gathering place". abstract: As the use of technology becomes further integrated into the daily lives of all persons, including older adults, it is important to investigate how the perceptions and use of technology intersect with intergenerational relationships. Based on the international multi-centered study Technology In Later Life (TILL), this paper emphasizes the perceptions of older adults and the interconnection between technology and intergenerational relationships are integral to social connectedness with others. Participants from rural and urban sites in Canada and the UK (n = 37) completed an online survey and attended a focus group. Descriptive and thematic analyses suggest that older adults are not technologically adverse and leverage intergenerational relationships with family and friends to adjust to new technologies and to remain connected to adult children and grandchildren, especially when there is high geographic separation between them. Participants referenced younger family members as having introduced them to, and having taught them how to use, technologies such as digital devices, computers, and social networking sites. The intergenerational support in the adoption of new technologies has important implications for helping older persons to remain independent and to age in place, in both age-friendly cities and in rural communities. The findings contribute to the growing literature in the fields of gerontology and gerontechnology on intergenerational influences and the impacts of technology use in later life and suggest the flexibility and willingness of older persons to adopt to new technologies as well as the value of intergenerational relationships for overcoming barriers to technology adoption. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784651/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165711 id: cord-319226-yvgvyif0 author: French, Jeff title: Key Guidelines in Developing a Pre-Emptive COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Promotion Strategy date: 2020-08-13 words: 6355.0 sentences: 357.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-319226-yvgvyif0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-319226-yvgvyif0.txt summary: This paper makes the case for immediate planning for a COVID-19 vaccination uptake strategy in advance of vaccine availability for two reasons: first, the need to build a consensus about the order in which groups of the population will get access to the vaccine; second, to reduce any fear and concerns that exist in relation to vaccination and to create demand for vaccines. The paper explores key issues that relevant organizations must address and summarizes best practices that should be addressed when developing behavioral influence strategies to promote the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines effectively, efficiently, and ethically as they become available. Governments and their public health agencies need to develop a dialogue and joint strategy with social media platform providers to review and action against anti-vaccination misinformation and vaccine hesitancy promotion. Public health authorities need to build a proactive COVID-19 vaccine trust capacity for active engagement in the social media space as part of their overall promotional strategy [56] . abstract: This paper makes the case for immediate planning for a COVID-19 vaccination uptake strategy in advance of vaccine availability for two reasons: first, the need to build a consensus about the order in which groups of the population will get access to the vaccine; second, to reduce any fear and concerns that exist in relation to vaccination and to create demand for vaccines. A key part of this strategy is to counter the anti-vaccination movement that is already promoting hesitancy and resistance. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic there has been a tsunami of misinformation and conspiracy theories that have the potential to reduce vaccine uptake. To make matters worse, sections of populations in many countries display low trust in governments and official information about the pandemic and how the officials are tackling it. This paper aims to set out in short form critical guidelines that governments and regional bodies should take to enhance the impact of a COVID-19 vaccination strategy. We base our recommendations on a review of existing best practice guidance. This paper aims to assist those responsible for promoting COVID-19 vaccine uptake to digest the mass of guidance that exists and formulate an effective locally relevant strategy. A summary of key guidelines is presented based on best practice guidance. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32823775/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165893 id: cord-013317-s6ss95h6 author: Gallè, Francesca title: Are Health Literacy and Lifestyle of Undergraduates Related to the Educational Field? An Italian Survey date: 2020-09-12 words: 3801.0 sentences: 200.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-013317-s6ss95h6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-013317-s6ss95h6.txt summary: This study aimed to assess HL among undergraduates from healthcare and non-healthcare degree courses of two Italian universities and the association between their HL, lifestyles, and BMI assumed as health outcome. This study aims to: (i) evaluate the levels of HL, in all its dimensions, among undergraduates attending healthcare and non-healthcare related degree courses in two Italian universities; (ii) identify possible group differences; (iii) investigate the relationship between undergraduates'' HL, health-related behaviors and BMI assumed as health outcome. In order to highlight different issues related to specific HL skills requiring targeted educational interventions [26] , two validated questionnaires were used to assess all the domains of participants'' HL: the eight-item Health Literacy Assessment Tool (HLAT-8) developed by Abel et al. As indicated by NVS score, 68.8% of the whole sample showed adequate literacy and numeracy, while the communication and information skills evaluated through the HLAT-8 questionnaire were above average, with significantly higher levels found in nursing students. abstract: Background: Health literacy (HL) is a fundamental ability to successfully deal with health and illness issues. This study aimed to assess HL among undergraduates from healthcare and non-healthcare degree courses of two Italian universities and the association between their HL, lifestyles, and BMI assumed as health outcome. Methods: The Health Literacy Assessment Tool (HLAT-8) and the Newest Vital Sign (NVS) were used to assess health literacy dimensions. Demographic and anthropometric data, adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD), physical activity levels, and smoking habits were assessed in the enrolled sample to highlight possible associations. Results: A total sample of 806 undergraduates (46% males, mean age 21.01 ± 1.78 years) was recruited. Higher HL scores were found among healthcare rather than non-healthcare students (28.7 ± 4.5 vs. 26.7 ± 4.2 for HLAT-8 and 4.9 ± 1.5 vs. 3.9 ± 1.8 for NVS, p < 0.01). However, healthcare undergraduates were more likely to report unhealthy behaviors. Body Mass Index (BMI) was associated with literacy and numeracy skills only in non-healthcare undergraduates. Significant associations were found between HL scores and adherence to MD in both groups. In the regression analysis, educational field and MD were shown to be predictors of HL scores. Conclusions: Attending a healthcare related degree course was associated with higher HL scores but not with healthy behaviors. This issue should be addressed considering the role that healthcare professionals may have in educating patients towards a healthy lifestyle. Adherence to MD seems to be related to higher HL scores. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7558704/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186654 id: cord-258762-vabyyx01 author: Garbey, Marc title: A Systems Approach to Assess Transport and Diffusion of Hazardous Airborne Particles in a Large Surgical Suite: Potential Impacts on Viral Airborne Transmission date: 2020-07-27 words: 9879.0 sentences: 445.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-258762-vabyyx01.txt txt: ./txt/cord-258762-vabyyx01.txt summary: To address the clinical implication over a long period of time, the systems approach is built upon previous work on multi-scale modeling of surgical flow in a large operating room suite and takes into account human behavior factors. Clinical environments are too complex to model with the traditional modeling method of airflow and particle transportation because both the source intensity of surgical smoke [19] as well as the mechanism of propagation via door openings [20] are largely dominated by human factors. The indoor air quality is a linear set of differential equations that will be slightly more complex than a standard compartment model since the coefficient will be stochastic, the sources and output/leaks of the particles term will have a time delay built in, and the hallway will require a transport equation. abstract: Airborne transmission of viruses, such as the coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in hospital systems are under debate: it has been shown that transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus goes beyond droplet dynamics that is limited to 1 to 2 m, but it is unclear if the airborne viral load is significant enough to ensure transmission of the disease. Surgical smoke can act as a carrier for tissue particles, viruses, and bacteria. To quantify airborne transmission from a physical point of view, we consider surgical smoke produced by thermal destruction of tissue during the use of electrosurgical instruments as a marker of airborne particle diffusion-transportation. Surgical smoke plumes are also known to be dangerous for human health, especially to surgical staff who receive long-term exposure over the years. There are limited quantified metrics reported on long-term effects of surgical smoke on staff’s health. The purpose of this paper is to provide a mathematical framework and experimental protocol to assess the transport and diffusion of hazardous airborne particles in every large operating room suite. Measurements from a network of air quality sensors gathered during a clinical study provide validation for the main part of the model. Overall, the model estimates staff exposure to airborne contamination from surgical smoke and biological material. To address the clinical implication over a long period of time, the systems approach is built upon previous work on multi-scale modeling of surgical flow in a large operating room suite and takes into account human behavior factors. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155404 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155404 id: cord-268176-tb12txdf author: Garcia de Avila, Marla Andréia title: Children’s Anxiety and Factors Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Study Using the Children’s Anxiety Questionnaire and the Numerical Rating Scale date: 2020-08-09 words: 5794.0 sentences: 274.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-268176-tb12txdf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-268176-tb12txdf.txt summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety among Brazilian children and its associated factors during social distancing during COVID-19. In logistic regression, the following variables were associated with higher CAQ scores: social distancing without parents; more persons living together in home; and education level of guardians. There were no statistically significant differences for NRS and the studied variables, but the prevalence of anxiety was highest among the children who maintained social distance with someone other than the parents (28.6%, n = 16). Higher levels of anxiety (CAQ ≥ 9) were associated with social distancing, the number of persons at home, guardians'' age, and education level of the guardians. The prevalence of anxiety among the children during the COVID-19 pandemic in this group was 19.4% (n = 56), according to the CAQ, and 21.8% (n = 63), according to the NRS. abstract: The repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on children’s lives deserve attention. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety among Brazilian children and its associated factors during social distancing during COVID-19. We used a cross-sectional design with an online survey from April to May 2020 in Brazil. We included children aged 6–12 years and their guardians. The Children’s Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ; scores 4–12) and the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS; scores 0–10) were used to measure anxiety. We enrolled 157 girls and 132 boys, with a mean age of 8.84 (±2.05) years; 88.9% of respondents were mothers. Based on CAQ ≥ 9, the prevalence of anxiety was 19.4% (n = 56), and higher among children with parents with essential jobs and those who were social distancing without parents. In logistic regression, the following variables were associated with higher CAQ scores: social distancing without parents; more persons living together in home; and education level of guardians. Based on NRS > 7, the prevalence of anxiety was 21.8% (n = 63); however, no associations with NRS scores were found with the investigated variables. These findings suggest the necessity of implementing public health actions targeting these parents and their children at the population level. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165757 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165757 id: cord-317667-8ya8tvv2 author: García-Fernández, Jerónimo title: The Promotion of Physical Activity from Digital Services: Influence of E-Lifestyles on Intention to Use Fitness Apps date: 2020-09-18 words: 6280.0 sentences: 322.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-317667-8ya8tvv2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-317667-8ya8tvv2.txt summary: Based on this, this study represents a step to clarify how e-lifestyles influence different relationships with perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude, and intentions to use Fitness Apps. Therefore, the objective of the study was to analyze the relationship between the e-lifestyles of consumers of Boutique fitness centers and their relationship with the perceived ease of use, the perceived usefulness, the attitude, and the intention to use Fitness Apps. With this premise, the objective of this work was to analyze the relationship between the e-lifestyles of consumers of Boutique fitness centers and the perceived ease of use, the perceived usefulness, the attitude, and the intention to use fitness Apps. Finally, an analysis with other models that predict the use of technologies in the fitness industry could help to comprehend the relationship of e-lifestyles with other variables that predict the intention of using fitness Apps and would therefore promote physical activity. abstract: E-Lifestyles are individual forms of behavior in the digital environment that reflect the values, activities, interests, and opinions of consumers. Likewise, fitness Apps are considered technological tools for promoting physical activity online. Although there are studies related to sports lifestyles, it has not been analyzed yet how e-lifestyles are related to the use of fitness Apps. Based on this, this study represents a step to clarify how e-lifestyles influence different relationships with perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude, and intentions to use Fitness Apps. Therefore, the objective of the study was to analyze the relationship between the e-lifestyles of consumers of Boutique fitness centers and their relationship with the perceived ease of use, the perceived usefulness, the attitude, and the intention to use Fitness Apps. The sample was 591 customers (378 women and 213 men) of 25 Boutique fitness centers. An online questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was analyzed with confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model. Findings provide an insight into the importance of e-lifestyles in the intention of using fitness Apps and therefore in promoting physical activity through online fitness services. The results showed positive relationships between e-lifestyles, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and attitude toward fitness Apps. Finally, the attitude toward fitness Apps offered a very high predictive value on use intention. This study provides a better understanding of consumer´s intention to use fitness Apps. The conclusions and recommendations for sports managers of fitness centers highlight the importance of e-lifestyles as a predecessor for the use of fitness Apps. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186839 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186839 id: cord-301348-h21rnyww author: Gherghina, Ștefan Cristian title: Stock Market Reactions to COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: Quantitative Evidence from ARDL Bounds Tests and Granger Causality Analysis date: 2020-09-15 words: 6397.0 sentences: 376.0 pages: flesch: 60.0 cache: ./cache/cord-301348-h21rnyww.txt txt: ./txt/cord-301348-h21rnyww.txt summary: Figure 6 shows the results of criteria graph for the ARDL model that takes into account the number of new cases and new deaths in China, both for the BET stock index return and for the Romanian Government bond (10Y). Figure 7 shows the results of criteria graph for the ARDL model that takes into account the number of new cases and new deaths in Italy, both for the BET stock index return and for the Romanian Government bond (10Y). However, both models shows that the number of new deaths in China due to COVID-19 has no influence on the BET index return, respectively, on the Romania 10-year bond yield, neither in the short-term, nor in the long-term. However, the short-run results show a negative impact of new deaths cases of COVID-19 from Italy on the BET index return, in line with Okorie and Lin [58] which underlined a transitory contagion effect in the stock markets due to novel coronavirus. abstract: This paper examines the linkages in financial markets during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak. For this purpose, daily stock market returns were used over the period of December 31, 2019–April 20, 2020 for the following economies: USA, Spain, Italy, France, Germany, UK, China, and Romania. The study applied the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to explore whether the Romanian stock market is impacted by the crisis generated by novel coronavirus. Granger causality was employed to investigate the causalities among COVID-19 and stock market returns, as well as between pandemic measures and several commodities. The outcomes of the ARDL approach failed to find evidence towards the impact of Chinese COVID-19 records on the Romanian financial market, neither in the short-term, nor in the long-term. On the other hand, our quantitative approach reveals a negative effect of the new deaths’ cases from Italy on the 10-year Romanian bond yield both in the short-run and long-run. The econometric research provide evidence that Romanian 10-year government bond is more sensitive to the news related to COVID-19 than the index of the Bucharest Stock Exchange. Granger causality analysis reveals causal associations between selected stock market returns and Philadelphia Gold/Silver Index. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32942766/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186729 id: cord-285526-xm9yj5ua author: Gill, Balvinder Singh title: Modelling the Effectiveness of Epidemic Control Measures in Preventing the Transmission of COVID-19 in Malaysia date: 2020-07-30 words: 4331.0 sentences: 223.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-285526-xm9yj5ua.txt txt: ./txt/cord-285526-xm9yj5ua.txt summary: We aim to present the first study in Malaysia to report the reproduction numbers and develop a mathematical model forecasting COVID-19 transmission by including isolation, quarantine, and movement control measures. Thus, the parameter ζ represents the effect of social distancing and the parameter κ reflects the proportion of the exposed people complying to practicing hand-hygiene, use of face masks, and any form of individual effective precautionary measures [24] , which depicts the model in simulating the control measures taken in preventing COVID-19 transmission in Malaysia. Despite the low (β) value in our study, it is vital that MCO measures be instituted to control the outbreak, as was observed with the exponential rise of cases during the second wave of COVID-19 in Malaysia due to the effect of a mass gathering event. This study recommends the implementation of MCO measures, which are effective in controlling the COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia, showing an observed reduction of peak active cases by 99.1%. abstract: Malaysia is currently facing an outbreak of COVID-19. We aim to present the first study in Malaysia to report the reproduction numbers and develop a mathematical model forecasting COVID-19 transmission by including isolation, quarantine, and movement control measures. We utilized a susceptible, exposed, infectious, and recovered (SEIR) model by incorporating isolation, quarantine, and movement control order (MCO) taken in Malaysia. The simulations were fitted into the Malaysian COVID-19 active case numbers, allowing approximation of parameters consisting of probability of transmission per contact (β), average number of contacts per day per case (ζ), and proportion of close-contact traced per day (q). The effective reproduction number (R(t)) was also determined through this model. Our model calibration estimated that (β), (ζ), and (q) were 0.052, 25 persons, and 0.23, respectively. The (R(t)) was estimated to be 1.68. MCO measures reduce the peak number of active COVID-19 cases by 99.1% and reduce (ζ) from 25 (pre-MCO) to 7 (during MCO). The flattening of the epidemic curve was also observed with the implementation of these control measures. We conclude that isolation, quarantine, and MCO measures are essential to break the transmission of COVID-19 in Malaysia. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155509 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155509 id: cord-323372-770sos8m author: Glenn, Jeffrey title: Considering the Potential Health Impacts of Electric Scooters: An Analysis of User Reported Behaviors in Provo, Utah date: 2020-08-31 words: 7623.0 sentences: 401.0 pages: flesch: 60.0 cache: ./cache/cord-323372-770sos8m.txt txt: ./txt/cord-323372-770sos8m.txt summary: title: Considering the Potential Health Impacts of Electric Scooters: An Analysis of User Reported Behaviors in Provo, Utah Stand-up electric scooters (e-scooters), two-wheeled vehicles with a small electric motor and a thin deck on which a single rider stands, are a relatively new micro-mobility option for urban areas and have the potential for both positive and negative health impacts [2] [3] [4] . The aim of this study is to explore the health-related behaviors of e-scooter users in Provo, Utah four months after an e-scooter share program was introduced. This finding is particularly relevant for Provo City, a place with problematic winter air pollution and whose primary motivation for introducing e-scooters was to provide a green alternative to motor vehicles; yet, considering disposability issues and emissions due to collecting and placement of e-scooters, important questions remain about the full environmental impact and its implications for health. abstract: Electric scooters (e-scooters) are an increasingly popular form of transportation in urban areas. While research on this topic has focused primarily on injuries, there are multiple mechanisms by which e-scooter share programs may impact health. The aim of this study is to explore the health-related behaviors of e-scooter users and to discuss their implications for public health. Data were collected using an online survey emailed to registered e-scooter users. A total of 1070 users completed the survey. Descriptive variable statistics and chi-squared analysis were performed to determine variable dependent relationships and equality of proportions. The most common destinations reported were “just riding around for fun”, home, and dining/shopping. The two most common modes of transportation that would have been used if e-scooters were not available were walking (43.5%) and using a personal vehicle (28.5%). Riding behavior was equally mixed between on the street, on the sidewalk, and equal amounts of both. e-Scooters in Provo are likely having both positive (e.g., air pollution) and negative impacts on health (e.g., injuries, physical inactivity). Future research should further explore patterns of e-scooter use and explicitly examine the linkages between e-scooters and areas of health beyond just injuries. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32878295/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176344 id: cord-321913-zie2uv21 author: Godio, Alberto title: SEIR Modeling of the Italian Epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 Using Computational Swarm Intelligence date: 2020-05-18 words: 8247.0 sentences: 394.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-321913-zie2uv21.txt txt: ./txt/cord-321913-zie2uv21.txt summary: We focused on the application of a stochastic approach in fitting the model parameters using a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) solver, to improve the reliability of predictions in the medium term (30 days). We present an updated version of the predictive model of epidemic phenomena based on the approach called SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infective-Recovered), widely used to analyze infection data during the different stages of an epidemic outbreak. Figure 5a ,b shows the SEIR model prediction for the Veneto region, according to the deterministic and PSO approaches, respectively. Figure 5a ,b shows the SEIR model prediction for the Veneto region, according to the deterministic and PSO approaches, respectively. The SEIR modeling for the Piedmont region is shown in Figure 6a ,b, where the solution using the deterministic and PSO prediction are reported, respectively. The SEIR modeling for the Piedmont region is shown in Figure 6a ,b, where the solution using the deterministic and PSO prediction are reported, respectively. abstract: We applied a generalized SEIR epidemiological model to the recent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in the world, with a focus on Italy and its Lombardy, Piedmont, and Veneto regions. We focused on the application of a stochastic approach in fitting the model parameters using a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) solver, to improve the reliability of predictions in the medium term (30 days). We analyzed the official data and the predicted evolution of the epidemic in the Italian regions, and we compared the results with the data and predictions of Spain and South Korea. We linked the model equations to the changes in people’s mobility, with reference to Google’s COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports. We discussed the effectiveness of policies taken by different regions and countries and how they have an impact on past and future infection scenarios. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103535 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103535 id: cord-303203-1kpw4ru0 author: Guo, Jing title: Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and Negative Impact on Livelihood Predict Elevated Mental Health Problems in Chinese Adults date: 2020-05-29 words: 4486.0 sentences: 215.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-303203-1kpw4ru0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-303203-1kpw4ru0.txt summary: title: Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and Negative Impact on Livelihood Predict Elevated Mental Health Problems in Chinese Adults However, few studies have examined sleep problems, depression, and posttraumatic symptoms among the general adult population during the COVID-19 outbreak, and little is known about coping behaviors. Mental health problems were assessed with the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Perceived negative impact of the pandemic on livelihood showed a large effect size in predicting mental health problems (standardized beta: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.10–0.19). The relationship between coping behavior and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS), depression, insomnia, mental health problems. We found that direct exposure to COVID-19 and the impact on livelihood are important predictors of mental health problems, and that people found cognitive and prosocial ways to cope with the strains and stresses of the lockdown. abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic might lead to more mental health problems. However, few studies have examined sleep problems, depression, and posttraumatic symptoms among the general adult population during the COVID-19 outbreak, and little is known about coping behaviors. This survey was conducted online in China from February 1st to February 10th, 2020. Quota sampling was used to recruit 2993 Chinese citizens aged ≥18 years old. Mental health problems were assessed with the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Exposure to COVID-19 was measured with questions about residence at outbreak, personal exposure, media exposure, and impact on livelihood. General coping style was measured by the brief Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). Respondents were also asked 12 additional questions about COVID-19 specific coping behaviors. Direct exposure to COVID-19 instead of the specific location of (temporary) residence within or outside the epicenter (Wuhan) of the pandemic seems important (standardized beta: 0.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.02–0.09). Less mental health problems were also associated with less intense exposure through the media (standardized beta: −0.07, 95% CI: −0.10–−0.03). Perceived negative impact of the pandemic on livelihood showed a large effect size in predicting mental health problems (standardized beta: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.10–0.19). More use of cognitive and prosocial coping behaviors were associated with less mental health problems (standardized beta: −0.30, 95% CI: −0.34–−0.27). Our study suggests that the mental health consequences of the lockdown impact on livelihood should not be underestimated. Building on cognitive coping behaviors reappraisal or cognitive behavioral treatments may be most promising. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32485859/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113857 id: cord-262927-mehijkzo author: Guo, Shuaijun title: Moving Health Literacy Research and Practice towards a Vision of Equity, Precision and Transparency date: 2020-10-20 words: 5950.0 sentences: 319.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-262927-mehijkzo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-262927-mehijkzo.txt summary: This includes using a life-course approach, integrating the rationale of precision public health, applying open science practice, and promoting actionable knowledge translation strategies. This includes using a life-course approach to health literacy [58] , integrating the rationale of precision public health [59] , applying open science practice [60] , and promoting actionable knowledge translation strategies [61] . Based on these new paradigms, we expect a nuanced understanding of how health literacy develops over the life-course, how it influences health behaviour and decision-making, and thus how it informs specific interventional opportunities-especially in the early life stages across educational and healthcare settings-for a precise policy recommendation. We also highlight the importance of applying open science and considering knowledge translation strategies from the beginning of research planning to generate or replicate policy-relevant findings rapidly and cost-effectively across different cultural contexts, and thus facilitate the process of knowledge dissemination. abstract: Over the past two decades, health literacy research has gained increasing attention in global health initiatives to reduce health disparities. While it is well-documented that health literacy is associated with health outcomes, most findings are generated from cross-sectional data. Along with the increasing importance of health literacy in policy, there is a lack of specificity and transparency about how to improve health literacy in practice. In this study, we are calling for a shift of current research paradigms from judging health literacy levels towards observing how health literacy skills are developed over the life course and practised in the real world. This includes using a life-course approach, integrating the rationale of precision public health, applying open science practice, and promoting actionable knowledge translation strategies. We show how a greater appreciation for these paradigms promises to advance health literacy research and practice towards an equitable, precise, transparent, and actionable vision. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33092206/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207650 id: cord-353890-dzauzjm7 author: Guzzi, Pietro Hiram title: Spatio-Temporal Resource Mapping for Intensive Care Units at Regional Level for COVID-19 Emergency in Italy date: 2020-05-12 words: 2159.0 sentences: 139.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353890-dzauzjm7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353890-dzauzjm7.txt summary: COVID-19 patients management requires availability of sufficiently large number of Intensive Care Units (ICUs) beds. We analysed Italian data at regional level with the aim to: (i) support health and government decision-makers in gathering rapid and efficient decisions on increasing health structures capacities (in terms of ICU slots) and (ii) define a geographic model to plan emergency and future COVID-19 patients management using reallocating them among health structures. Among these: 9268 were reported as being treated at home (i.e., not severe illness), 9663 hospitalised, and 1672 admitted to ICUs. To react to the exponential growth of infected patients requiring hospitalisation, the Chinese government decided to build a large emergency hospital dedicated to COVID-19 patients in a few days. In Figure 2 the COVID-19 diffusion is reported both for Italy and China red zones (A "red zone" is a geographical area (e.g., city, region, state) of maximal infection for which the government implements special social rules in order to deal with the emergency: typically restriction of citizens'' movements and prohibition to leave or enter the area). abstract: COVID-19 is a worldwide emergency since it has rapidly spread from China to almost all the countries worldwide. Italy has been one of the most affected countries after China. North Italian regions, such as Lombardia and Veneto, had an abnormally large number of cases. COVID-19 patients management requires availability of sufficiently large number of Intensive Care Units (ICUs) beds. Resources shortening is a critical issue when the number of COVID-19 severe cases are higher than the available resources. This is also the case at a regional scale. We analysed Italian data at regional level with the aim to: (i) support health and government decision-makers in gathering rapid and efficient decisions on increasing health structures capacities (in terms of ICU slots) and (ii) define a geographic model to plan emergency and future COVID-19 patients management using reallocating them among health structures. Finally, we retain that the here proposed model can be also used in other countries. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103344 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103344 id: cord-257575-qumwrgng author: Gómez, Laura E. title: Measurable Indicators of CRPD for People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities within the Quality of Life Framework date: 2020-07-15 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: This article proposes the quality of life (QOL) construct as a framework from which to develop useful indicators to operationalize, measure, and implement the Articles of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). A systematic review of the scientific literature on people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) was carried out, with the aim of identifying personal outcomes that can be translated into specific and measurable items for each of the CRPD Articles aligned to the eight QOL domains. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the systematic review was conducted across the Web of Science Core Collection, Current Contents Connect (CCC), MEDLINE, KCI-Korean Journal Database, Russian Science Citation Index and SciELO Citation Index, for articles published between 2008 and 2020. A total of 65 articles focusing on people with IDD were selected. The results were grouped into four broad categories: conceptual frameworks used to monitor the CRPD; instruments used to assess the rights set out in the CRPD; recommendations on the use of inclusive research; and indicators or personal outcomes associated with specific rights contained in the CRPD. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145123 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145123 id: cord-256041-k4y6t0i5 author: Gómez-Salgado, Juan title: Related Health Factors of Psychological Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain date: 2020-06-02 words: 5959.0 sentences: 277.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-256041-k4y6t0i5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-256041-k4y6t0i5.txt summary: The objective of the study is to analyse the psychological distress in a Spanish population sample during the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying the predictive character and role that sociodemographic variables, the presence of physical symptoms, and other health-related variables may have. Our results are in line with those found in most studies, showing that women present significantly higher levels of distress (with low size effect), and this can therefore be understood as an individual risk factor in the face of the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic. However, a study similar to the present one conducted at the beginning of the COVID-19 quarantine identified an increased risk of psychological distress among people over 60 years of age [33] . Among the variables that predict psychological distress are, therefore: being female, age, employment situation, number of symptoms, perception of poor health, having been in close contact with an infected person, as well as having been in contact with people or material suspected of being infected. abstract: Measures to prevent and contain the COVID-19 health crisis include population confinement, with the consequent isolation and interruption of their usual activities. The aim of the study is to analyse psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this, a cross-sectional observational study with a sample of 4180 people over the age of 18 during quarantine was developed. Variables considered were sociodemographic variables, physical symptoms, health conditions, COVID-19 contact history and psychological adjustment. The data were collected through a self-developed questionnaire and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Bivariate analyses were performed, including Chi-Squared test and Student’s T-test. Predictive ability was calculated through logistic regression. Results obtained showed a high level of psychological distress (72.0%), with a higher percentage in women and people of lower middle age. Statistically significant differences were found in the variable working situation (χ² = 63.139, p ≤ 0.001, V = 0.123) and living with children under the age of 16 (χ² = 7.393, p = 0.007, V = 0.042). The predictive variables with the highest weight were sex (OR = 1.952, 95% IC = (1.667, 2.286)), presence of symptoms (OR = 1.130, 95% CI = (1.074, 1.190)), and having had close contact with an individual with confirmed COVID-19 (OR = 1.241, 95% CI = (1.026, 1.500)). These results could enrich prevention interventions in public health and, in particular, in mental health in similar pandemic situations. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113947 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113947 id: cord-353391-o0s2h0y0 author: Haj Bloukh, Samir title: A Look Behind the Scenes at COVID-19: National Strategies of Infection Control and Their Impact on Mortality date: 2020-08-04 words: 9925.0 sentences: 539.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353391-o0s2h0y0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353391-o0s2h0y0.txt summary: To investigate the importance of serum vitamin D levels, median age, temperature, and humidity we compare infection control measures and their impact on COVID-19-related fatalities in Portugal, Sweden, and Switzerland ( Figure 1 ). A study compared community-wide mask compliance in relation to the number of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases/fatalities in Hong Kong, Singapore, and other countries [29] . This mask-wearing strategy combined with social distancing, personal hygiene, cancellation of social gatherings, use of the home office, and school closures resulted in the effective control of the SARS-CoV-2 transmission compared to other neighboring countries [29] . We investigated the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) as an example of a highly populated, globally interconnected country with an equatorial hot climate and excellent control of the COVID-19 outbreak. We investigated the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) as an example of a highly populated, globally interconnected country with an equatorial hot climate and excellent control of the COVID-19 outbreak. abstract: (1) Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began spreading across the globe in December and, as of 9 July 2020, had inflicted more than 550,000 deaths. Public health measures implemented to control the outbreak caused socio-economic havoc in many countries. The pandemic highlighted the quality of health care systems, responses of policymakers in harmony with the population, and socio-economic resilience factors. We suggest that different national strategies had an impact on mortality and case count. (2) Methods: We collected fatality data for 17 countries until 2 June 2020 from public data and associated these with implemented containment measures. (3) Results: The outcomes present the effectiveness of control mechanisms in mitigating the virus for selected countries and the UAE as a special case. Pre-existing conditions defined the needed public health strategies and fatality numbers. Other pre-existing conditions, such as temperature, humidity, median age, and low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations played minor roles and may have had no direct impact on fatality rates. (4) Conclusions: Prevention, fast containment, adequate public health strategies, and importance of indoor environments were determining factors in mitigating the pandemic. Development of public health strategies adapted to pre-existing conditions for each country and community compliance with implemented policies ensure the successful control of pandemics. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155616 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155616 id: cord-351529-30apdn73 author: Hamlin, Matilda title: Attitudes of the Public to Receiving Medical Care during Emergencies through Remote Physician–Patient Communications date: 2020-07-20 words: 4670.0 sentences: 223.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-351529-30apdn73.txt txt: ./txt/cord-351529-30apdn73.txt summary: The multiple regression model identified higher trust in data protection, level of education, and social media use as statistically significant predictors for a higher willingness to receive medical information while the first two predicted willingness to provide information. Significant differences were seen between the respondents according to their level of trust of the data protection when transferring medical information through remote communications during emergencies, in both mean willingness to provide medical information (F(2504) = 54.36, p < 0.001) and to receive medical services (F(2504) = 44.11, p < 0.001). The willingness of the general public to provide medical information and to receive medical services from a health fund through remote communications in times of emergency was found to be high. In this cross-sectional study, conducted during an ongoing worldwide pandemic outbreak, the willingness to receive medical services and to provide medical information through remote communications in times of emergency was found to be high. abstract: Providing health services through remote communications for sub-acute health issues during emergencies may help reduce the burden of the health care system and increase availability of care. This study aimed to investigate the attitudes of the public towards receiving medical services and providing medical information through remote communication in times of emergencies. During the pandemic outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), pandemic outbreak, 507 participants answered a structured online survey, rating their mean willingness to receive medical care and provide medical information, on a four-point Likert scale. Furthermore, demographic characteristics, social media use, and trust in data protection was collected. The mean willingness to receive medical services was 3.1 ± 0.6 and the mean willingness to provide medical information was 3.0 ± 0.7, with a strong significant correlation between the two (r = 0.76). The multiple regression model identified higher trust in data protection, level of education, and social media use as statistically significant predictors for a higher willingness to receive medical information while the first two predicted willingness to provide information. The findings suggest an overall positive attitude to receive medical care through remote communications. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145236 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145236 id: cord-304780-lbq70q11 author: Han, Changwoo title: Decrease in Ambient Fine Particulate Matter during COVID-19 Crisis and Corresponding Health Benefits in Seoul, Korea date: 2020-07-22 words: 5548.0 sentences: 232.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-304780-lbq70q11.txt txt: ./txt/cord-304780-lbq70q11.txt summary: The aim of this study was to use currently available data to estimate the acute health benefits of PM 2.5 reduction and changes in public behavior, which were changes experienced by Korean citizens in their daily lives during the COVID-19 crisis. With the conservative estimation of a 4.1 µg/m 3 decrease in PM 2.5 and RRs from the MCC study, we found that 37.6 (95% CI: 32.6, 42.5) non-accidental; 7.0 (95% CI: 5.7, 8.4) cardiovascular; and 4.7 (95% CI: 3.4, 6.1) respiratory mortalities were avoided because of the reduction in PM 2.5 from January to April in 2020 compared to those of the previous 4 years. Because using a particulate-filtrating respirator may decrease the absolute level of PM 2.5 exposure for an individual, the health benefit related to air pollution during the COVID-19 crisis may be larger than our current estimation of 37 persons. abstract: Both domestic emissions and transported pollutants from neighboring countries affect the ambient fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) concentration of Seoul, Korea. Diverse measures to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), such as social distancing and increased telecommuting in Korea and the stringent lockdown measures of China, may reduce domestic emissions and levels of transported pollutants, respectively. In addition, wearing a particulate-filtering respirator may have decreased the absolute PM(2.5) exposure level for individuals. Therefore, this study estimated the acute health benefits of PM(2.5) reduction and changes in public behavior during the COVID-19 crisis in Seoul, Korea. To calculate the mortality burden attributable to PM(2.5), we obtained residents’ registration data, mortality data, and air pollution monitoring data for Seoul from publicly available databases. Relative risks were derived from previous time-series studies. We used the attributable fraction to estimate the number of excessive deaths attributable to acute PM(2.5) exposure during January to April, yearly, from 2016 to 2020, and the number of mortalities avoided from PM(2.5) reduction and respirator use observed in 2020. The average PM(2.5) concentration from January to April in 2020 (25.6 μg/m(3)) was the lowest in the last 5 years. At least −4.1 μg/m(3) (95% CI: −7.2, −0.9) change in ambient PM(2.5) in Seoul was observed in 2020 compared to the previous 4 years. Overall, 37.6 (95% CI: 32.6, 42.5) non-accidental; 7.0 (95% CI: 5.7, 8.4) cardiovascular; and 4.7 (95% CI: 3.4, 6.1) respiratory mortalities were avoided due to PM(2.5) reduction in 2020. By considering the effects of particulate respirator, decreases of 102.5 (95% CI: 89.0, 115.9) non-accidental; 19.1 (95% CI: 15.6, 22.9) cardiovascular; and 12.9 (95% CI: 9.2, 16.5) respiratory mortalities were estimated. We estimated that 37 lives were saved due to the PM(2.5) reduction related to COVID-19 in Seoul, Korea. The health benefit may be greater due to the popular use of particulate-filtering respirators during the COVID-19 crisis. Future studies with daily mortality data are needed to verify our study estimates. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155279 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155279 id: cord-306551-qf7h9m78 author: Han, Heesup title: The Post-Coronavirus World in the International Tourism Industry: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Safer Destination Choices in the Case of US Outbound Tourism date: 2020-09-06 words: 6921.0 sentences: 366.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-306551-qf7h9m78.txt txt: ./txt/cord-306551-qf7h9m78.txt summary: In sum, the theoretical premise of this research in the international tourism sector is that the travelers who have strong knowledge of COVID-19 are likely to form a positive attitude toward safer destination choice behaviors and to perceive the social norm to practice the action, which leads to the increased intention to engage in the behavior in conjunction with the perceived behavioral control. In-line with the evidence from these studies, tourists'' perceived knowledge of COVID-19 can be the essential driver of their subjective norms and attitudes to generate an approachable decision for safer international tourism destination. In conclusion, we built a robust theoretical framework for US tourists'' post-pandemic travel intentions for safer international tourism destinations, which linked the perceived knowledge of COVID-19 to the focal constructs of the TPB and encompassed the moderating influence of the psychological risk through the empirical approach. abstract: The tourism industry has been seriously suffering from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis ever since its outbreak. Given this pandemic situation, the major aim of this study is to develop a conceptual framework that clearly explains the US international tourists’ post-pandemic travel behaviors by expanding the theory of planned behavior (TPB). By utilizing a quantitative process, the TPB was successfully broadened by incorporating the travelers’ perceived knowledge of COVID-19, and it has been deepened by integrating the psychological risk. Our theoretical framework sufficiently accounted for the US tourists’ post-pandemic travel intentions for safer international destinations. In addition, the perceived knowledge of COVID-19 contributed to boosting the prediction power for the intentions. The associations among the subjective norm, the attitude, and the intentions are under the significant influence of the tourists’ psychological risks regarding international traveling. The comparative criticality of the subjective norm is found. Overall, the findings of this study considerably enhanced our understanding of US overseas tourists’ post-pandemic travel decision-making processes and behaviors. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186485 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186485 id: cord-353041-qmpatq8m author: Han, Ruixia title: The Influence of Norm Perception on Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Comparison between the Moderating Roles of Traditional Media and Social Media date: 2020-09-30 words: 8268.0 sentences: 438.0 pages: flesch: 28.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353041-qmpatq8m.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353041-qmpatq8m.txt summary: Through an online survey of 550 randomly selected Chinese citizens, this study examines the roles of traditional media and social media in influencing the relationship between norm perception and pro-environmental behavior. Whether traditional media and social media activate the perception of social norms in the same way, and how the possible difference affects their influence on pro-environmental behavior are the focus of our research. In order to examine in more detail the moderating effect of media environmental information exposure on the relationship between different types of norm perception and pro-environmental behaviors, we conduct further regression analysis to form Table 4 . This study mainly discusses the role of traditional media and social media in activating public norm perception and influencing pro-environmental behavior in the current media society. The research results show that traditional media usage for environment information acquisition (TME) activates norm perception and affects pro-environmental behaviors less than social media usage for environment information acquisition (SME). abstract: The activation of norm perception can promote pro-environmental behavior. How does media, as important variables in activating norm perception, affect pro-environmental behavior? Through an online survey of 550 randomly selected Chinese citizens, this study examines the roles of traditional media and social media in influencing the relationship between norm perception and pro-environmental behavior. Based on multi-level regression analysis of data, this study found that (1) compared with traditional media, social media play a more significant role in moderating the relationship between norm perception and pro-environmental behavior; (2) the promotion of the perception of injunctive norms by traditional media has a negative relationship with pro-environmental behaviors; (3) the activation of subjective norm perception by social media will promote pro-environmental behaviors. According to this research, in the current media environment, we should carefully release pro-environmental information on social media and encourage relevant discussions, and appropriately reduce environment-relevant injunctive normative information on traditional media. The study also discusses the role of media in regulating norm perception and pro-environmental behavior in different cultural contexts. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33007908/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197164 id: cord-316990-kz9782rj author: Han, Xuehua title: Using Social Media to Mine and Analyze Public Opinion Related to COVID-19 in China date: 2020-04-17 words: 8473.0 sentences: 409.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-316990-kz9782rj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-316990-kz9782rj.txt summary: A secondary classification was implemented to divide "personal response", "opinion and sentiments", and "seeking help" into 13 more detailed sub-topics, including "fear and worry", "questioning the government and media", "condemning bad habits", "objective comment", "taking scientific protective measures", "blessing and praying", "appealing for aiding patients", "willing to return work", "staying at home and taking necessary precautions", "popularizing anti-epidemic knowledge in family", "seeking medical help", "seeking relief materials", and "other". Figure 5b shows the spatial distribution of the kernel density with a search radius of 200 km, indicating that the high-density areas of Weibo related to COVID-19 were in Wuhan In order to explore the correlation between public opinion and the epidemic situation, this study used Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) software to perform Spearman correlation analysis on the number of relevant Weibo texts and confirmed cases in provincial level (number is 34). abstract: The outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a grave global public health emergency. Nowadays, social media has become the main channel through which the public can obtain information and express their opinions and feelings. This study explored public opinion in the early stages of COVID-19 in China by analyzing Sina-Weibo (a Twitter-like microblogging system in China) texts in terms of space, time, and content. Temporal changes within one-hour intervals and the spatial distribution of COVID-19-related Weibo texts were analyzed. Based on the latent Dirichlet allocation model and the random forest algorithm, a topic extraction and classification model was developed to hierarchically identify seven COVID-19-relevant topics and 13 sub-topics from Weibo texts. The results indicate that the number of Weibo texts varied over time for different topics and sub-topics corresponding with the different developmental stages of the event. The spatial distribution of COVID-19-relevant Weibo was mainly concentrated in Wuhan, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration. There is a synchronization between frequent daily discussions on Weibo and the trend of the COVID-19 outbreak in the real world. Public response is very sensitive to the epidemic and significant social events, especially in urban agglomerations with convenient transportation and a large population. The timely dissemination and updating of epidemic-related information and the popularization of such information by the government can contribute to stabilizing public sentiments. However, the surge of public demand and the hysteresis of social support demonstrated that the allocation of medical resources was under enormous pressure in the early stage of the epidemic. It is suggested that the government should strengthen the response in terms of public opinion and epidemic prevention and exert control in key epidemic areas, urban agglomerations, and transboundary areas at the province level. In controlling the crisis, accurate response countermeasures should be formulated following public help demands. The findings can help government and emergency agencies to better understand the public opinion and sentiments towards COVID-19, to accelerate emergency responses, and to support post-disaster management. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082788 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082788 id: cord-311311-rmv5rfst author: Harper, Martin title: Recent Advances in Occupational Exposure Assessment of Aerosols date: 2020-09-18 words: 9863.0 sentences: 455.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-311311-rmv5rfst.txt txt: ./txt/cord-311311-rmv5rfst.txt summary: Three advances to be discussed in detail are (1) recognition and inclusion of sampler wall deposits; (2) development of a new sampling and analytical procedure for respirable crystalline silica that allows non-destructive field analysis at the end of the sampling period; and (3) development of a new sampler to collect the portion of sub-300 nm aerodynamic diameter particles that would deposit in human airways. Three advances to be discussed in detail are (1) recognition and inclusion of sampler wall deposits; (2) development of a new sampling and analytical procedure for respirable crystalline silica that allows non-destructive field analysis at the end of the sampling period; and (3) development of a new sampler to collect the portion of sub-300 nm aerodynamic diameter particles that would deposit in human airways. RCS is collected on a direct-on-filter (DoF) sampler (EoS™ Silica Cassette, Zefon International, Inc.) attached to any one of several different cyclones to select the respirable dust fraction. abstract: Exposure science is underpinned by characterization (measurement) of exposures. In this article, six recent advances in exposure characterization by sampling and analysis are reviewed as tools in the occupational exposure assessment of aerosols. Three advances discussed in detail are (1) recognition and inclusion of sampler wall deposits; (2) development of a new sampling and analytical procedure for respirable crystalline silica that allows non-destructive field analysis at the end of the sampling period; and (3) development of a new sampler to collect the portion of sub-300 nm aerodynamic diameter particles that would deposit in human airways. Three additional developments are described briefly: (4) a size-selective aerosol sampler that allows the collection of multiple physiologically-relevant size fractions; (5) a miniaturized pump and versatile sampling head to meet multiple size-selective sampling criteria; and (6) a novel method of sampling bioaerosols including viruses while maintaining viability. These recent developments are placed in the context of the historical evolution in sampling and analytical developments from 1900 to the present day. While these are not the only advances in exposure characterization, or exposure assessment techniques, they provide an illustration of how technological advances are adding more tools to our toolkit. The review concludes with a number of recommended areas for future research, including expansion of real-time and end-of-shift on-site measurement, development of samplers that operate at higher flow-rates to ensure measurement at lowered limit values, and development of procedures that accurately distinguish aerosol and vapor phases of semi-volatile substances. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186820 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186820 id: cord-293117-hkkbqorv author: Hernández-García, Ignacio title: Characteristics of YouTube Videos in Spanish on How to Prevent COVID-19 date: 2020-06-29 words: 4093.0 sentences: 203.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-293117-hkkbqorv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-293117-hkkbqorv.txt summary: We studied the associations between the type of authorship and the country of publication with other variables (such as the number of likes and basic measures to prevent COVID-19 according to the World Health Organization, among others) with univariate analysis and a multiple logistic regression model. The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the YouTube videos that provide information in Spanish on the basic measures for preventing COVID-19. In particular, videos produced by health professionals showed, compared to those made by the mass media, a higher probability of reporting on washing hands frequently, respiratory hygiene, and avoiding touching the face as measures to prevent COVID-19 (Table 2) . This study is the first to evaluate the characteristics of YouTube videos that provide information specifically in Spanish on the basic measures indicated by the WHO to prevent the transmission of COVID-19. abstract: Objective: To analyze the characteristics of YouTube videos in Spanish on the basic measures to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: On 18 March 2020, a search was conducted on YouTube using the terms “Prevencion Coronavirus” and “Prevencion COVID-19”. We studied the associations between the type of authorship and the country of publication with other variables (such as the number of likes and basic measures to prevent COVID-19 according to the World Health Organization, among others) with univariate analysis and a multiple logistic regression model. Results: A total of 129 videos were evaluated; 37.2% were produced in Mexico (25.6%) and Spain (11.6%), and 56.6% were produced by mass media, including television and newspapers. The most frequently reported basic preventive measure was hand washing (71.3%), and the least frequent was not touching the eyes, nose, and mouth (24.0%). Hoaxes (such as eating garlic or citrus to prevent COVID-19) were detected in 15 videos (10.9%). In terms of authorship, papers produced by health professionals had a higher probability of reporting hand hygiene (OR (95% CI) = 4.20 (1.17–15.09)) and respiratory hygiene (OR (95% CI) = 3.05 (1.22–7.62)) as preventive measures. Conclusion: Information from YouTube in Spanish on basic measures to prevent COVID-19 is usually not very complete and differs according to the type of authorship. Our findings make it possible to guide Spanish-speaking users on the characteristics of the videos to be viewed in order to obtain reliable information. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32610523/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134671 id: cord-334711-58ygbyiz author: Hernández-Sánchez, Brizeida Raquel title: Psychological Factors that Lessen the Impact of COVID-19 on the Self-Employment Intention of Business Administration and Economics’ Students from Latin America date: 2020-07-22 words: 8579.0 sentences: 470.0 pages: flesch: 32.0 cache: ./cache/cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt summary: To meet these goals, we conducted an explorative study with a sample of college students to examine the effects of Covid-19 pandemic perception, psychological need satisfaction, proactiveness, and optimism are in entrepreneurial intentions. This research will focus on four characteristics, namely proactiveness, optimism, the Covid-19 pandemic perception, and psychological need satisfaction, to quantify the relationship between these four traits of the students and their entrepreneurial intention. First, through a representative sample of Latin American university students, this study aims to analyze the relationships between proactiveness, optimism, Covid-19 pandemic perception, psychological need satisfaction, and entrepreneurial intention in an adverse situation, as it is this current pandemic. Second, the current study focuses primarily on how the Covid-19 pandemic perception and need satisfaction mediate the predictive effects of student proactivity and optimism on entrepreneurial intention. abstract: Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease epidemic (Covid-19) is a public health emergency of international concern and poses a challenge to the labor market. The pandemic has a devastating and disproportionate effect on young workers, their interest in entrepreneurship, and their mental health. Research is needed to develop evidence-based strategies to improve coping and reduce adverse psychological problems. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact that Covid-19 pandemic perception and psychological need satisfaction have on university students and their self-employment intention. In addition, we also analyzed the role of moderation played by psychological aspects. These psychological factors (i.e., Optimism and Proactiveness) can also improve young people’s mental health and well-being. Methods: An explorative study (online survey) was conducted in March 2020 934 university students from Latin America. Regression analysis models were built to examine the relationships between Covid-19 pandemic perception, personality variables, and entrepreneurial intention. Mediation models, through the bootstrapping method, were performed to analyze the mediating role of proactiveness and optimism. Results: Results indicate that students’ perception of Covid-19 and psychological need satisfaction are associated with entrepreneurial intention. Additionally, the present study argues that proactiveness and optimism mediate these relationships. Conclusions: This study identifies psychological factors associated with a lower level of Covid-19 impact and that can be used for psychological interventions that result in an improvement in the mental health of these vulnerable groups during and after the Covid-19 pandemic. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32708034/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155293 id: cord-287426-tzqke3ci author: Herrero, Rocío title: Working Alliance Inventory for Online Interventions-Short Form (WAI-TECH-SF): The Role of the Therapeutic Alliance between Patient and Online Program in Therapeutic Outcomes date: 2020-08-25 words: 6073.0 sentences: 283.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-287426-tzqke3ci.txt txt: ./txt/cord-287426-tzqke3ci.txt summary: Hence, the aims of this study were: (1) to analyse the psychometric structure of the WAI-TECH-SF, a questionnaire designed to assess the TA between the patient and the online program in a self-guided IBI; (2) to explore whether there are differences in WAI-TECH-SF scores based on sex, age-range, level of education, initial severity of depression, preference for any of the treatments offered, and expectations about and credibility of the treatment; and (3) to explore whether higher WAI-TECH-SF scores predict the therapeutic outcomes (i.e., change in depressive symptom scores) and satisfaction with the treatment. The objectives of this study were: (1) to explore the psychometric structure of a questionnaire (i.e., the WAI-TECH-SF) designed to assess the TA with an online program in a self-guided IBI and CBT program in a sample of depressive patients in the context of the National Health Systems of different European countries; (2) to analyse whether there were differences in the WAI-TECH-SF scores based on several socio-demographic variables, initial symptoms of depression, preference for any of the treatments offered, and expectations and credibility towards the treatment; and (3) to study the capacity of the WAI-TECH-SF scores to predict the therapeutic outcomes (i.e., changes in depressive symptoms) and satisfaction with the treatment. abstract: Background: Therapeutic alliance (TA) between the patient and therapist has been related to positive therapeutic outcomes. Because Internet-based interventions are increasingly being implemented, a tool is needed to measure the TA with Internet-based self-guided programs. The Working Alliance Inventory for online interventions (WAI-TECH-SF) was adapted based on the WAI Short Form (Hatcher & Gillaspy, 2006). The objectives of this study were: (1) to analyse the psychometric properties of the WAI-TECH-SF; (2) to explore the differences in the WAI-TECH-SF scores according to different categories of the sample; and (3) to analyse whether the WAI-TECH-SF can predict therapeutic outcomes and satisfaction with the treatment. Methods: 193 patients diagnosed with depression were included and received blended Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy. Measures of preferences, satisfaction, and credibility about the treatment, TA with the online program, depressive symptoms, and satisfaction with the treatment were administered. Results: An exploratory factor analysis revealed a one-dimensional structure with adequate internal consistency. Linear regression analyses showed that the WAI-TECH-SF predicted changes in depressive symptoms and satisfaction with the treatment. Conclusions: WAI-TECH-SF is a reliable questionnaire to assess the TA between the patient and the online program, which is associated with positive therapeutic outcomes and satisfaction with the treatment. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176169 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176169 id: cord-013401-yh8cu1hx author: Hitachi, Mami title: Improvement of Dietary Diversity and Attitude toward Recommended Feeding through Novel Community Based Nutritional Education Program in Coastal Kenya—An Intervention Study date: 2020-10-05 words: 3845.0 sentences: 191.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-013401-yh8cu1hx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-013401-yh8cu1hx.txt summary: Community-based nutritional intervention to improve the practice of dietary diversity and child nutrition by community health workers (CHWs) involving Nyumba Kumi as small neighborhood units (SNUs) in communities has not yet been explored. This study aimed to prove the hypothesis that community-based nutritional educational programs cooperating with CHWs and Nyumba Kumi might effectively change the attitudes of caregivers toward feeding practices and dietary diversity for their children. To assess the variable changes per treatment group at the pre-and post-intervention periods, the mean differences of household caregiver situation (DDS and attitude score) and child nutritional status (HAZ, WAZ, and WHZ) were tested using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for matched pairs. The results revealed that the interventions using CHWs and Nyumba Kumi (SNUs) were useful to improve dietary diversity and caregivers'' attitudes toward recommended feeding; however, we could not identify the effect on child nutritional status in the short observation period of the study. abstract: Community-based nutritional intervention to improve the practice of dietary diversity and child nutrition by community health workers (CHWs) involving Nyumba Kumi as small neighborhood units (SNUs) in communities has not yet been explored. This study was conducted in two villages in rural Kenya between 2018 and 2019. In total, 662 participants (control vs. intervention: n = 339 vs. n = 323) were recruited. The intervention group received education on maternal and child nutrition and follow-up consultations. The custom-tailored educational guidelines were made based on Infant and Young Child Feeding and the mother and child health booklet. The educational effects on household caregivers’ feeding practice attitude and child nutritional status were analyzed using multiple linear regression. After the intervention, a total of 368 household caregivers (187 vs. 181) and 180 children (113 vs. 67) were analyzed separately. Between the groups, no significant difference was found in their background characteristics. This study successfully improved the dietary diversity score (β = 0.54; p < 0.01) and attitude score (β = 0.29; p < 0.01). The results revealed that the interventions using CHWs and SNUs were useful to improve dietary diversity and caregivers’ attitudes toward recommended feeding. This research has the potential to be successfully applied in other regions where child undernutrition remains. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7579186/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197269 id: cord-297378-quyehjr1 author: Hong, Yan title: The Impact of COVID-19 on Tourist Satisfaction with B&B in Zhejiang, China: An Importance–Performance Analysis date: 2020-05-25 words: 7858.0 sentences: 526.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-297378-quyehjr1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-297378-quyehjr1.txt summary: Second, descriptive statistics and an importance-performance analysis (IPA) were used to measure the impact of B&B before/after COVID-19 on tourist satisfaction levels in Zhejiang. Implications First, to the best of our knowledge, this study is among the first to uncover the impact of COVID-19 factors influencing tourists'' satisfaction with B&Bs. Second, from the perspective of methodology, DC and IRL were combined with content analysis to sort and guide the complexity of the relationship between variables, which has certain value for future research. Implications First, to the best of our knowledge, this study is among the first to uncover the impact of COVID-19 factors influencing tourists'' satisfaction with B&Bs. Second, from the perspective of methodology, DC and IRL were combined with content analysis to sort and guide the complexity of the relationship between variables, which has certain value for future research. abstract: After the outbreak of COVID-19 (especially in the stage of tourism recovery), the bed and breakfast (B&B) tourism industry faced big challenges in improving its health strategies. B&Bs are very important for the tourism industry in China and many other countries. However, few studies have studied the impact of B&Bs, under COVID-19, on tourism in China. Our paper is among one of the first studies to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on tourist satisfaction with B&Bs in China. The work/travel restrictions started from 20 January 2020, and work/after travel resumed from 20 February 2020 in Zhejiang, China. Data were collected from 588 tourists (who experienced B&Bs in Zhejiang, China) from a WeChat online survey, from 1 March to 15 March 2020. The current study attempted to fill the gap by studying the changing tourist satisfaction levels with B&Bs before/after COVID-19. Moreover, some suggestions are given to the B&B industry for tourism resumption after COVID-19 by an importance–performance analysis (IPA). url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103747 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103747 id: cord-279864-5ouuu49v author: Hou, Jing title: Children’s Respiratory Infections in Tianjin Area, China: Associations with Home Environments and Lifestyles date: 2020-06-07 words: 4435.0 sentences: 259.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-279864-5ouuu49v.txt txt: ./txt/cord-279864-5ouuu49v.txt summary: title: Children''s Respiratory Infections in Tianjin Area, China: Associations with Home Environments and Lifestyles We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Tianjin area, China to quantify the incidence of respiratory infections among children, and its association with home environments and lifestyles. Household activities and environmental exposure at home are suspected risk factors for respiratory infections among children, especially in low income countries [7] . Exposure to home indoor air pollutants such as ETS [18] and chemical sources [19] have also been reported to be associated with respiratory infections among children. Dampness, condensation on windowpanes, moldy/perceived dry air, modern decoration materials and less frequency of sun-curing bed sheets were the greatest risk factors for croup, pneumonia, ear infections and common colds. It was found that modern floor covering, perceived dry air (a proxy of indoor pollution), condensation on windowpanes (a proxy of poor ventilation), less sun-curing bedsheets and cesarean delivery are significantly associated with childhood infections. abstract: Children spend most of their indoors time at home, which may have substantial influence on their health. We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Tianjin area, China to quantify the incidence of respiratory infections among children, and its association with home environments and lifestyles. The lifetime-ever incidences of croup, pneumonia and ear infection among children aged 0–8 in Tianjin area was 9.2%, 28.7% and 11.6%, respectively. The incidence of common cold infections more than twice per year was 31.3%. Home environments and lifestyles included strong risk factors for childhood respiratory infections. Perceived dry air had the greatest association with childhood common colds (population attributable fraction (PAF = 15.0%). Modern floor covering had the greatest association with croup (PAF = 14.7%) and ear infection (PAF = 34.5%), while infrequent bedding sun-curing had the greatest association with pneumonia (PAF = 18.7%). Condensation (a proxy of poor ventilation) accounted for 12.2% of the incidence of croup (PAF = 12.2%) and frequent common colds (PAF = 8.4%). Our findings indicate that factors related to “modern” home environments and lifestyles are risks for childhood respiratory infections. Modifying such factors might reduce the incidence of respiratory infections among children. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32517360/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17114069 id: cord-291916-5yqc3zcx author: Hozhabri, Hossein title: The Global Emergency of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): An Update of the Current Status and Forecasting date: 2020-08-05 words: 16737.0 sentences: 847.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-291916-5yqc3zcx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-291916-5yqc3zcx.txt summary: abstract: Over the past two decades, there have been two major outbreaks where the crossover of animal Betacoronaviruses to humans has resulted in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). In December 2019, a global public health concern started with the emergence of a new strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 or 2019 novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV) which has rapidly spread all over the world from its origin in Wuhan, China. SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the Betacoronavirus genus, which includes human SARS-CoV, MERS and two other human coronaviruses (HCoVs), HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1. The fatality rate of SARS-CoV-2 is lower than the two previous coronavirus epidemics, but it is faster spreading and the large number of infected people with severe viral pneumonia and respiratory illness, showed SARS-CoV-2 to be highly contagious. Based on the current published evidence, herein we summarize the origin, genetics, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, preventions, diagnosis and up to date treatments of SARS-CoV-2 infections in comparison with those caused by SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Moreover, the possible impact of weather conditions on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is also discussed. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to reconsider the two previous pandemics and provide a reference for future studies as well as therapeutic approaches. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165648 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165648 id: cord-003612-bp7sray2 author: Hu, Guangyu title: Public Perception on Healthcare Services: Evidence from Social Media Platforms in China date: 2019-04-10 words: 4501.0 sentences: 221.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-003612-bp7sray2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-003612-bp7sray2.txt summary: Several researchers studied patient experience, based on the comments posted by patients from online health communities in China [21, 22] , but few studies have been conducted to gather information on healthcare services related topics using social media data. The objectives of this study are to conduct volume and sentiment analyses base on the extracted social media contents on hospital healthcare services. Our results showed that patient safety was the most significant topic for users of Chinese social media platforms, followed by information technology and service efficiency. Our results showed that patient safety was the most significant topic for users of Chinese social media platforms, followed by information technology and service efficiency. By analyzing shared information from WeChat and Qzone, this study showed that patient safety was the most concerned topic for users of Chinese social media platform, followed by information technology and service efficiency, while the doctor-patient relationship was found to have the highest proportion of negative comments. abstract: Social media has been used as data resource in a growing number of health-related research. The objectives of this study were to identify content volume and sentiment polarity of social media records relevant to healthcare services in China. A list of the key words of healthcare services were used to extract data from WeChat and Qzone, between June 2017 and September 2017. The data were put into a corpus, where content analyses were performed using Tencent natural language processing (NLP). The final corpus contained approximately 29 million records. Records on patient safety were the most frequently mentioned topic (approximately 8.73 million, 30.1% of the corpus), with the contents on humanistic care having received the least social media references (0.43 Million, 1.5%). Sentiment analyses showed 36.1%, 16.4%, and 47.4% of positive, neutral, and negative emotions, respectively. The doctor-patient relationship category had the highest proportion of negative contents (74.9%), followed by service efficiency (59.5%), and nursing service (53.0%). Neutral disposition was found to be the highest (30.4%) in the contents on appointment-booking services. This study added evidence to the magnitude and direction of public perceptions on healthcare services in China’s hospital and pointed to the possibility of monitoring healthcare service improvement, using readily available data in social media. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6479867/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph16071273 id: cord-274774-klystgj4 author: Huang, Naizhu title: How Incivility and Academic Stress Influence Psychological Health among College Students: The Moderating Role of Gratitude date: 2020-05-06 words: 4335.0 sentences: 265.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-274774-klystgj4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-274774-klystgj4.txt summary: title: How Incivility and Academic Stress Influence Psychological Health among College Students: The Moderating Role of Gratitude The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between incivility, academic stress, and psychological health, as well as investigate the moderating role of gratitude. Sample t-tests were used to examine whether there were gender differences in terms of four continuous variables: incivility, stress, gratitude, and psychological wellbeing. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to test convergent and discriminant validities of main variables (i.e., incivility, academic stress, gratitude, and psychological distress). Using a sample of 895 students recruited from a university in South China, we investigated the relationships between incivility, academic stress, gratitude, and psychological distress. Using a sample of 895 students recruited from a university in South China, we investigated the relationships between incivility, academic stress, gratitude, and psychological distress. Moreover, we compared differences between male and female students with respect to incivility, academic stress, gratitude, and psychological distress. abstract: Many students suffer from academic stress and uncivil behaviors at colleges and there is a need to identify to what extent these negative phenomena might impact students’ mental health. The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between incivility, academic stress, and psychological health, as well as investigate the moderating role of gratitude. The study design of this research is cross-sectional. The final sample consisted of 895 university students in China; The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 was utilized to conduct statistical analysis. Sample t-tests were used to examine whether there were gender differences in terms of four continuous variables: incivility, stress, gratitude, and psychological wellbeing. We also used multiple hierarchical linear regression analysis to test the relationships between the aforementioned four variables and the moderating effect of gratitude. The results of our study indicate that academic stress and incivility are positively associated with psychological distress, and gratitude moderates the relationship between incivility and psychological distress. However, no significant moderating effect of gratitude was found in the relationship between academic stress and psychological distress. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32384724/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093237 id: cord-308005-t0bf5nos author: Iglesias-Sánchez, Patricia P. title: The Contagion of Sentiments during the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: The Case of Isolation in Spain date: 2020-08-14 words: 4586.0 sentences: 217.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-308005-t0bf5nos.txt txt: ./txt/cord-308005-t0bf5nos.txt summary: The communications obtained from the Instagram social media platform and online forums only showed statistically significant differences in the emotional response related to anger (p < 0.05), but no significant differences in the emotional responses related to fear, sadness, uncertainty, disgust or joy (p > 0.05). The communications obtained from the Instagram social media platform and online forums only showed statistically significant differences in the emotional response related to anger (p < 0.05), but no significant differences in the emotional responses related to fear, sadness, uncertainty, disgust or joy (p > 0.05). The amount of user-generated content and social-media communications related to the social distancing, self-isolation and quarantine measures in Spain increased rapidly and steadily during Stage 1 of the study period. The amount of user-generated content and social-media communications related to the social distancing, self-isolation and quarantine measures in Spain increased rapidly and steadily during Stage 1 of the study period. abstract: This study examines how confinement measures established during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis affected the emotions of the population. For this purpose, public sentiment on social media and digital ecosystems in Spain is analyzed. We identified affective tones towards media and citizens published on social media focusing on six basic emotions: anger, fear, joy, sadness, disgust and uncertainty. The main contribution of this work is the evidence of contagious sentiments and, consequently, the possibility of using this new dimension of social media as a form of a “collective therapy”. This paper contributes to understanding the impact of confinement measures in a pandemic from the point of view of emotional health. This analysis provides a set of practical implications that can guide conceptual and empirical work in health crisis management with an alternative approach, especially useful for decision-making processes facing emergency responses and health crises, even in an unprecedented global health crisis such as the traumatic events caused by the COVID-19 disease. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165918 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165918 id: cord-329640-10trdf87 author: Jeong, Hyun-Chul title: Difficulties of Online Physical Education Classes in Middle and High School and an Efficient Operation Plan to Address Them date: 2020-10-05 words: 6426.0 sentences: 302.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-329640-10trdf87.txt txt: ./txt/cord-329640-10trdf87.txt summary: The difficulties of operating middle and high school online physical education classes for the first time included (1) the monotony of the classes within their limited environmental conditions and limited educational content that did not adequately convey the value of physical education, (2) trial-and-error methods applied nationwide, resulting from a lack of expertise in operating online physical education classes, and (3) very limited evaluation guidelines proposed by the Korea Ministry of Education, which made systematic evaluation with online methods impossible. "Turning to the nature of lived experience" of research participants'' online physical education classes, the study explored the experience of conducting these classes, discussed and reflected on their efficient operation and difficulties experienced therein, and examined the data by "writing and rewriting". New assignment content needs to be developed in the future that will allow teachers to identify an individual student''s learning status, just as the research participants developed different educational strategies to increase the value of the class. abstract: This study examined the difficulties of running online physical education classes in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and used the findings to develop an efficient operation plan to address these difficulties. Six middle and high school physical education teachers participated; three were experts in online physical education and active in the Korea Council School Physical Education Promotion, and three were recommended teachers making efforts to improve the online classes offered by the Korea Ministry of Education. A qualitative case study method employing phenomenological procedures to collect and analyze the data was used. The difficulties of operating middle and high school online physical education classes for the first time included (1) the monotony of the classes within their limited environmental conditions and limited educational content that did not adequately convey the value of physical education, (2) trial-and-error methods applied nationwide, resulting from a lack of expertise in operating online physical education classes, and (3) very limited evaluation guidelines proposed by the Korea Ministry of Education, which made systematic evaluation with online methods impossible. To address the identified problems and facilitate the efficient operation of online physical education classes, changes in strategic learning methods are needed to understand online physical education characteristics and thereby better communicate the value of physical education. It is also necessary to cultivate teaching expertise through sharing online physical education classes, where collaboration among physical education teachers is central. In addition, evaluation processes should be less formal to encourage active student participation. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197279 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197279 id: cord-011536-rb8g5llp author: Jiang, Dong title: Could Environment Affect the Mutation of H1N1 Influenza Virus? date: 2020-04-29 words: 3762.0 sentences: 188.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-011536-rb8g5llp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-011536-rb8g5llp.txt summary: According to the research of Aitor Nogales et al., the H3N2 virus encoding the NS1-V194I protein displays a temperature-sensitive phenotype, providing an assumption of the effect of environmental factors such as temperature on the genetic mutation of influenza viruses [9] . In the present study, the location information (i.e., latitude and longitudes) of 11,721 reported cases of H1N1 were collected and we explored if H1N1 genomic diversity was subject to the direct effects of temperature, precipitation, and other natural factors or the indirect effects of population density, urban development, and other social factors. For H1N1''s HA mutation from 2000-2019, a simple generalized linear model (GLM) shows that, of all the seven independent variables, most variables displayed a strong significance with HA mutation, including maximum temperature, minimum temperature, nighttime light, population density, and years fixed factor. Figure 1 shows the impact of four variables on mutation, with precipitation (A) and minimum temperature (B) being selected as representatives of environmental factors, and nighttime light (C) and population density (D) as representative social factors. abstract: H1N1 subtype influenza A viruses are the most common type of influenza A virus to infect humans. The two major outbreaks of the virus in 1918 and 2009 had a great impact both on human health and social development. Though data on their complete genome sequences have recently been obtained, the evolution and mutation of A/H1N1 viruses remain unknown to this day. Among many drivers, the impact of environmental factors on mutation is a novel hypothesis worth studying. Here, a geographically disaggregated method was used to explore the relationship between environmental factors and mutation of A/H1N1 viruses from 2000–2019. All of the 11,721 geo-located cases were examined and the data was analysed of six environmental elements according to the time and location (latitude and longitude) of those cases. The main mutation value was obtained by comparing the sequence of the influenza virus strain with the earliest reported sequence. It was found that environmental factors systematically affect the mutation of A/H1N1 viruses. Minimum temperature displayed a nonlinear, rising association with mutation, with a maximum ~15 °C. The effects of precipitation and social development index (nighttime light) were more complex, while population density was linearly and positively correlated with mutation of A/H1N1 viruses. Our results provide novel insight into understanding the complex relationships between mutation of A/H1N1 viruses and environmental factors. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7246512/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093092 id: cord-332496-xxz6qd3i author: Jiménez, Óliver title: Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Confinement and Its Relationship with Meditation date: 2020-09-11 words: 3914.0 sentences: 184.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-332496-xxz6qd3i.txt txt: ./txt/cord-332496-xxz6qd3i.txt summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychological impact of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, considering any protective factors, such as the practice of meditation or self-compassion, and their relationship with different lifestyles and circumstances of adults residing in Spain. A cross-sectional study was done using an anonymous online survey in which 412 participants filled out the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-2; the Impact of Events Scale; and the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form, reporting severe symptomatology of posttraumatic stress and mild anxiety and depression. In spite of these limitations, the results of this study provide important information on the psychological and social impact of the first three weeks of a COVID-19 quarantine period, including that self-compassion might be an important protective factor, and may be used as a reference in future epidemics or outbreaks of the virus that provoke similar short or long-term situations to generate hypotheses for improvement of prevention and intervention. abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychological impact of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, considering any protective factors, such as the practice of meditation or self-compassion, and their relationship with different lifestyles and circumstances of adults residing in Spain. A cross-sectional study was done using an anonymous online survey in which 412 participants filled out the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-2; the Impact of Events Scale; and the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form, reporting severe symptomatology of posttraumatic stress and mild anxiety and depression. Quality of cohabitation and age were found to be key variables in the psychological impact of confinement. The impact of confinement was more negative for those who reported very poor cohabitation as opposed to very good (F (3, 405) = 30.75, p ≤ 0.001, d = 2.44, r = 0.054) or for those under 35 years of age compared to those over 46 (F (2, 409) = 5.14, p = 0.006, d = 0.36). Practicing meditation was not revealed as a protective factor, but self-compassion was related to better cohabitation during confinement (F (3, 403) = 11.83, p ≤ 0.001, d = 1.05). These results could be relevant in designing psychological interventions to improve coping and mental health in other situations similar to confinement. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186642 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186642 id: cord-345991-d26y5291 author: Jing, Jane Lee Jia title: Hand Sanitizers: A Review on Formulation Aspects, Adverse Effects, and Regulations date: 2020-05-11 words: 6486.0 sentences: 402.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-345991-d26y5291.txt txt: ./txt/cord-345991-d26y5291.txt summary: To date, most of the effective hand sanitizer products are alcohol-based formulations containing 62%–95% of alcohol as it can denature the proteins of microbes and the ability to inactivate viruses. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends alcohol-based hand sanitizer (ABHS) in line with the proven advantages of their rapid action and a broad spectrum of microbicidal activity offering protection against bacteria and viruses. Data were extracted by two authors based on the To date, most effective hand sanitizer products are alcohol-based formulations containing 62%-95% of alcohol as it is capable of denaturing the proteins of microbes and inactivating viruses [19, 20] . Alcohols have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against most vegetative forms of bacteria (including Mycobacterium tuberculosis), fungi, and enveloped viruses (human Although hand sanitizers may be less effective than soaps in some situations, it is undeniable that they are the preferred form of hand hygiene in healthcare settings. abstract: Hand hygiene is of utmost importance as it may be contaminated easily from direct contact with airborne microorganism droplets from coughs and sneezes. Particularly in situations like pandemic outbreak, it is crucial to interrupt the transmission chain of the virus by the practice of proper hand sanitization. It can be achieved with contact isolation and strict infection control tool like maintaining good hand hygiene in hospital settings and in public. The success of the hand sanitization solely depends on the use of effective hand disinfecting agents formulated in various types and forms such as antimicrobial soaps, water-based or alcohol-based hand sanitizer, with the latter being widely used in hospital settings. To date, most of the effective hand sanitizer products are alcohol-based formulations containing 62%–95% of alcohol as it can denature the proteins of microbes and the ability to inactivate viruses. This systematic review correlated with the data available in Pubmed, and it will investigate the range of available hand sanitizers and their effectiveness as well as the formulation aspects, adverse effects, and recommendations to enhance the formulation efficiency and safety. Further, this article highlights the efficacy of alcohol-based hand sanitizer against the coronavirus. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093326 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093326 id: cord-310165-xj025ruz author: Jones, Rodney P title: Would the United States Have Had Too Few Beds for Universal Emergency Care in the Event of a More Widespread Covid-19 Epidemic? date: 2020-07-19 words: 6728.0 sentences: 352.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-310165-xj025ruz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-310165-xj025ruz.txt summary: Relatively low population density in over half of US states appeared to have limited the spread of Covid-19 thus averting a potential major hospital capacity crisis. This study will seek to evaluate if U.S. states had enough hospital beds to cope with a large epidemic across all parts of the country and will use a new method for comparing inter-and intra-national bed numbers to do so. In this analysis confirmed Covid-19 deaths were from Bing.com [5] , total hospital bed numbers include adult and pediatric acute care, plus maternity and mental health. In 2019 that US average was 191 acute beds per hospital (range 90 in Wyoming to 259 in New Jersey and Connecticut and 306 in New York) [32] The relatively low population density in most US states seemingly averted a catastrophic Covid-19 bed capacity overload. abstract: (1) Background: To evaluate the level of hospital bed numbers in U.S. states relative to other countries using a new method for evaluating bed numbers, and to determine if this is sufficient for universal health care during a major Covid-19 epidemic in all states (2) Methods: Hospital bed numbers in each state were compared using a new international comparison methodology. Covid-19 deaths per 100 hospital beds were used as a proxy for bed capacity pressures. (3) Results: Hospital bed numbers show large variation between U.S. states and half of the states have equivalent beds to those in developing countries. Relatively low population density in over half of US states appeared to have limited the spread of Covid-19 thus averting a potential major hospital capacity crisis. (4) Conclusions: Many U.S. states had too few beds to cope with a major Covid-19 epidemic, but this was averted by low population density in many states, which seemed to limit the spread of the virus. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145210 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145210 id: cord-291535-91j1lleq author: Jose, Thulasee title: Improved Documentation of Electronic Cigarette Use in an Electronic Health Record date: 2020-08-14 words: 3445.0 sentences: 161.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-291535-91j1lleq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-291535-91j1lleq.txt summary: This report outlines how the ambulatory clinical practices of a large U.S. hospital system optimized its electronic health records (EHR) framework to better record e-cigarettes used by patients. During a 30-week evaluation period post-implementation, 638,804 patients (12 yrs and older) completed ambulatory appointments within the health system; of these, the new section contained e-cigarette use information for 37,906 (6%) patients. The evidence suggests that many clinicians record e-cigarette information within the "tobacco use" section of the EHR, along with multiple combustible tobacco products (cigarettes, cigars, pipes, etc.), or as free-text entries as a part of their clinical notes [11, 12] . Analysis: The utilization rate of the new section in EHR was assessed by a report of the total number of responses recorded for the selected variables (i.e., e-cigarette use, types of devices, and counseling status) during the evaluation period. abstract: The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) can affect patient health and clinical care. However, the current documentation of e-cigarette use in the electronic health records (EHR) is inconsistent. This report outlines how the ambulatory clinical practices of a large U.S. hospital system optimized its electronic health records (EHR) framework to better record e-cigarettes used by patients. The new EHR section for e-cigarette information was implemented for outpatient appointments. During a 30-week evaluation period post-implementation, 638,804 patients (12 yrs and older) completed ambulatory appointments within the health system; of these, the new section contained e-cigarette use information for 37,906 (6%) patients. Among these patients, 1005 (2.7%) were identified as current e-cigarette users (current every day or current some day e-cigarette use), 941 (2.5%) were reported as former e-cigarette users, and 35,960 (94%) had never used e-cigarettes. A separate EHR section to document e-cigarette use is feasible within existing clinical practice models. Utilization of the new section was modest in routine clinical practice, indicating the need for more intensive implementation strategies that emphasize the health effects of e-cigarette use, and how consistent ascertainment could improve clinical practice. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32823985/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165908 id: cord-293861-n6733nfd author: Juhász, Attila title: Antithrombotic Preventive Medication Prescription Redemption and Socioeconomic Status in Hungary in 2016: A Cross-Sectional Study date: 2020-09-19 words: 6067.0 sentences: 245.0 pages: flesch: 32.0 cache: ./cache/cord-293861-n6733nfd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-293861-n6733nfd.txt summary: Risk analysis capabilities were applied to estimate the relationships between socioeconomic status, which was characterized by quintiles of a multidimensional composite indicator (deprivation index), and mortality due to thromboembolic diseases as well as antithrombotic medications for the year 2016 at the district level in Hungary. Although data on the level and availability of secondary prevention at the country level would be essential for planning and targeting national health system policies that can decrease premature CVD mortality and morbidity, only a few studies have been published on the link between the utilization of antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulants (hereafter antithrombotic agents) for preventive purposes and socioeconomic status. Since physicians in general practice play a major role in initiating, coordinating, and providing long-term follow-up for the prevention of non-communicable diseases [23] , our study examined the prescription and redemption rates of the most common oral antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulants prescribed for thrombosis prevention from all general practices and defined their relationships with socioeconomic status in Hungary. abstract: This work was designed to investigate antithrombotic drug utilization and its link with the socioeconomic characteristics of specific population groups in Hungary by a comparative analysis of data for prescriptions by general practitioners and the redeemed prescriptions for antithrombotic drugs. Risk analysis capabilities were applied to estimate the relationships between socioeconomic status, which was characterized by quintiles of a multidimensional composite indicator (deprivation index), and mortality due to thromboembolic diseases as well as antithrombotic medications for the year 2016 at the district level in Hungary. According to our findings, although deprivation is a significant determinant of mortality due to thromboembolic diseases, clusters can be identified that represent exemptions to this rule: an eastern part of Hungary, consisting of two highly deprived counties, had significantly lower mortality than the country average; by contrast, the least-deprived northwestern part of the country, consisting of five counties, had significantly higher mortality than the country average. The fact that low socioeconomic status in general and poor adherence to antithrombotic drugs irrespective of socioeconomic status were associated with increased mortality indicates the importance of more efficient control of preventive medication and access to healthcare in all districts of the country to reduce mortality due to thromboembolic diseases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32961765/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186855 id: cord-318336-hslnkv6p author: Ke, Kai-Yuan title: Enhancing Local Disaster Management Network through Developing Resilient Community in New Taipei City, Taiwan date: 2020-07-24 words: 8886.0 sentences: 482.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-318336-hslnkv6p.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318336-hslnkv6p.txt summary: New Taipei City (NTPC), Taiwan, was aware of the need for non-public force response and therefore developed the process of enhancing local disaster management networks through promoting the resilient community since 2009. Overall, about 90% of the participants'' awareness was raised and the capacity to deal with community-based disaster events The survey has shown that, after 7-steps of promotion as described in Section 2.2, 93% of the participants realize the risks they are facing and 91% agree with the necessity to develop a resilient community; 91% believe that the action plan we helped them build is feasible; 89% understand the tasks of the response team and 87% are willing to serve the community as a team member; 98% and 94% think that they had well learned and were ready to perform basic medical skills and fire-fighting, respectively; 95% also thinks retraining is important for the community. abstract: Large-scaled disaster events had increasingly occurred worldwide due to global and environmental change. Evidently, disaster response cannot rely merely on the public force. In the golden hour of crisis, not only the individuals should learn to react, protect themselves, and try to help each other, but also the local school, enterprise, non-government organization (NGO), nonprofit organization (NPO), and volunteer groups should collaborate to effectively deal with disaster events. New Taipei City (NTPC), Taiwan, was aware of the need for non-public force response and therefore developed the process of enhancing local disaster management networks through promoting the resilient community since 2009. The concept of a resilient community is to build community-based capacity for mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery in an all-hazards manner. This study organized the NTPC experience and presented the standard operation procedure (SOP) to promote the resilient community, key obstacles, maintenance mechanism, and the successful formulation of the local disaster management network. The performance of the promotion was evaluated through a questionnaire survey and found that participants affirmed the positive effect of building community capacity through the entire process. In general, the resilient community as the center of the local disaster management work is shown promising to holistically bridge the inner/outer resources and systematically respond to disaster events. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32722337/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155357 id: cord-012022-r3xkpwte author: Keeble, Matthew title: Use of Online Food Delivery Services to Order Food Prepared Away-From-Home and Associated Sociodemographic Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional, Multi-Country Analysis date: 2020-07-17 words: 5820.0 sentences: 268.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-012022-r3xkpwte.txt txt: ./txt/cord-012022-r3xkpwte.txt summary: title: Use of Online Food Delivery Services to Order Food Prepared Away-From-Home and Associated Sociodemographic Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional, Multi-Country Analysis Odds of any online food delivery service use were lower per additional year of age (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.94, 0.95) and greater for respondents who were male (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.35, 1.66), that identified with an ethnic minority (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.38, 1.78), were highly educated (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.46, 1.90), or living with children (OR: 2.71; 95% CI: 2.44, 3.01). Overall, 15% of respondents across Australia, Canada, Mexico, the UK, and the USA reported online food delivery service use in the past 7 days, however, almost two thirds of respondents had purchased food prepared away-from-home directly from food outlets but had not used an online food delivery service. abstract: Online food delivery services like Just Eat and Grubhub facilitate online ordering and home delivery of food prepared away-from-home. It is poorly understood how these services are used and by whom. This study investigated the prevalence of online food delivery service use and sociodemographic characteristics of customers, in and across Australia, Canada, Mexico, the UK, and the USA. We analyzed online survey data (n = 19,378) from the International Food Policy Study, conducted in 2018. We identified respondents who reported any online food delivery service use in the past 7 days and calculated the frequency of use and number of meals ordered. We investigated whether odds of any online food delivery service use in the past 7 days differed by sociodemographic characteristics using adjusted logistic regression. Overall, 15% of respondents (n = 2929) reported online food delivery service use, with the greatest prevalence amongst respondents in Mexico (n = 839 (26%)). Online food delivery services had most frequently been used once and the median number of meals purchased through this mode of order was two. Odds of any online food delivery service use were lower per additional year of age (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.94, 0.95) and greater for respondents who were male (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.35, 1.66), that identified with an ethnic minority (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.38, 1.78), were highly educated (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.46, 1.90), or living with children (OR: 2.71; 95% CI: 2.44, 3.01). Further research is required to explore how online food delivery services may influence diet and health. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7400536/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145190 id: cord-274459-781by93r author: Khalifa, Shaden A. M. title: Comprehensive Overview on Multiple Strategies Fighting COVID-19 date: 2020-08-11 words: 5466.0 sentences: 311.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-274459-781by93r.txt txt: ./txt/cord-274459-781by93r.txt summary: Our review aims to evaluate strategies of the most affected countries from different continents all over the world (China, Italy, Germany, France, Spain, America, Canada, Brazil, UK, India, Japan, Singapore, Iran, Korea, and Australia) for confronting the epidemic as it explains the best practices that could help other countries to overcome current or any upcoming pandemic. Most countries were forced to announce emergency measures to protect vulnerable people and block ways of transmission due to the continuous increase in confirmed cases by time as reported in Figure 3 [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] . Most countries were forced to announce emergency measures to protect vulnerable people and block ways of transmission due to the continuous increase in confirmed cases by time as reported in Figure 3 [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] . abstract: Lately, myriad of novel viruses have emerged causing epidemics such as SARS, MERS, and SARS-CoV-2, leading to high mortality rates worldwide. Thus, these viruses represented a challenging threat to mankind, especially considering the miniscule data available at our disposal regarding these novel viruses. The entire world established coordinative relations in research projects regarding drug and vaccine development on the external range, whereas on the internal range, all countries declared it an emergency case through imposing different restrictions related to their border control, large gatherings, school attendance, and most social activities. Pandemic combating plans prioritized all sectors including normal people, medical staff politicians, and scientists collectively shouldered the burden. Through planning and learning the previous lessons from SARS and MERS, healthcare systems could succeed in combating the viral spread and implications of these new pandemics. Different management strategies including social distance, social awareness and isolation represented successful ways to slow down the spread of the pandemic. Furthermore, pre-preparedness of some countries for emergencies is crucial to minimize the consequences of the crisis. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165813 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165813 id: cord-323898-054gv684 author: Khan, Anas A. title: Survival and Estimation of Direct Medical Costs of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Short Title: COVID-19 Survival and Cost in Saudi Arabia) date: 2020-10-13 words: 3345.0 sentences: 182.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-323898-054gv684.txt txt: ./txt/cord-323898-054gv684.txt summary: Objectives: Assess the survival of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients across age groups, sex, use of mechanical ventilators (MVs), nationality, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This high reported rate of hospitalization among COVID-19 cases may exacerbate the cost burden of viral respiratory infections in a country that was deeply affected by the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012, and resulted in a huge financial burden with an estimated direct medical cost per patient of SAR 48,551.36 (United States dollars (USD) 12,947.03) [13] . In light of the high rate of hospitalization among COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia, there is a need to identify different sociodemographic (e.g., age, sex) and medical (e.g., mechanical ventilator (MMV) use, ICU admission) status that might increase mortality risk. abstract: Objectives: Assess the survival of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients across age groups, sex, use of mechanical ventilators (MVs), nationality, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: Data were retrieved from the Saudi Ministry of Health (MoH) between 1 March and 29 May 2020. Kaplan–Meier (KM) analyses and multiple Cox proportional-hazards regression were conducted to assess the survival of hospitalized COVID-19 patients from hospital admission to discharge (censored) or death. Micro-costing was used to estimate the direct medical costs associated with hospitalization per patient. Results: The number of included patients with complete status (discharge or death) was 1422. The overall 14-day survival was 0.699 (95%CI: 0.652–0.741). Older adults (>70 years) (HR = 5.00, 95%CI = 2.83–8.91), patients on MVs (5.39, 3.83–7.64), non-Saudi patients (1.37, 1.01–1.89), and ICU admission (2.09, 1.49–2.93) were associated with a high risk of mortality. The mean cost per patient (in SAR) for those admitted to the general Medical Ward (GMW) and ICU was 42,704.49 ± 29,811.25 and 79,418.30 ± 55,647.69, respectively. Conclusion: The high hospitalization costs for COVID-19 patients represents is a significant public health challenge. Efficient allocation of healthcare resources cannot be emphasized enough. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207458 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207458 id: cord-288394-h9hozu9j author: Kheirallah, Khalid A. title: The Effect of Strict State Measures on the Epidemiologic Curve of COVID-19 Infection in the Context of a Developing Country: A Simulation from Jordan date: 2020-09-08 words: 4934.0 sentences: 241.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-288394-h9hozu9j.txt txt: ./txt/cord-288394-h9hozu9j.txt summary: The simulation model estimated the highest number of total daily new COVID-19 cases, in the pre-symptomatic compartmental state, to be 65 cases, with an epidemic curve growing to its peak in 49 days and terminating in a duration of 83 days, and a total simulated cumulative case count of 1048 cases. The simulated epidemic curves for COVID-19 provided evidence that Jordan may have successfully implemented NPI measures that facilitated suppressing (containing) the spread of the epidemic by reducing the number of daily new reported cases and the total duration of the epidemic. The simulated epidemic curves for COVID-19 provided evidence that Jordan may have successfully implemented NPI measures that facilitated suppressing (containing) the spread of the epidemic by reducing the number of daily new reported cases and the total duration of the epidemic. abstract: COVID-19 has posed an unprecedented global public health threat and caused a significant number of severe cases that necessitated long hospitalization and overwhelmed health services in the most affected countries. In response, governments initiated a series of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) that led to severe economic and social impacts. The effect of these intervention measures on the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic are not well investigated within developing country settings. This study simulated the trajectories of the COVID-19 pandemic curve in Jordan between February and May and assessed the effect of Jordan’s strict NPI measures on the spread of COVID-19. A modified susceptible, exposed, infected, and recovered (SEIR) epidemic model was utilized. The compartments in the proposed model categorized the Jordanian population into six deterministic compartments: suspected, exposed, infectious pre-symptomatic, infectious with mild symptoms, infectious with moderate to severe symptoms, and recovered. The GLEAMviz client simulator was used to run the simulation model. Epidemic curves were plotted for estimated COVID-19 cases in the simulation model, and compared against the reported cases. The simulation model estimated the highest number of total daily new COVID-19 cases, in the pre-symptomatic compartmental state, to be 65 cases, with an epidemic curve growing to its peak in 49 days and terminating in a duration of 83 days, and a total simulated cumulative case count of 1048 cases. The curve representing the number of actual reported cases in Jordan showed a good pattern compatibility to that in the mild and moderate to severe compartmental states. The reproduction number under the NPIs was reduced from 5.6 to less than one. NPIs in Jordan seem to be effective in controlling the COVID-19 epidemic and reducing the reproduction rate. Early strict intervention measures showed evidence of containing and suppressing the disease. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32911738/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186530 id: cord-270796-ixpt6jnr author: Khurshid, Zohaib title: Human Saliva: Non-Invasive Fluid for Detecting Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) date: 2020-03-26 words: 1440.0 sentences: 86.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-270796-ixpt6jnr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-270796-ixpt6jnr.txt summary: title: Human Saliva: Non-Invasive Fluid for Detecting Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Within a day, this condition spread to other provinces in China, and health authorities started immediate investigation to characterize and isolated the virus, which, by 7 January 2020, was named the Novel Coronavirus (nCoV) [1] . On 9 January 2020, WHO published guidelines for the detection of 2019-nCoV using respiratory materials (nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab in ambulatory patients and sputum (if produced) and endotracheal aspirate or bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with more severe respiratory disease) and serum for serological testing (https://www.who.int/publications-detail/laboratory-testing-for-2019novel-coronavirus-in-suspected-human-cases-20200117 accessed on 28 February 2020). On 12 February 2020, a breakthrough was reported regarding the accuracy of a human saliva sample from eleven COVID-19 patients in a Hong Kong hospital [13] . In this study, consistent detection of coronavirus was reported in the saliva of patients admitted from the first day of hospitalization. abstract: The breakthrough of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, a city of China, has damaged the status of health and quality of life. In the sequel of this epidemic or contagious disease, the patient experiences fever, chest paint, chills, a rapid heartbeat, breathing difficulties, pneumonia, and kidney failure. It has been suggested that this disease can spread through human-to-human transmission or by super spreading. By the help of the non-invasive fluid “saliva”, it is easy to detect the virus. This can help with the comfort of the patient as well as healthcare personnel. Under this perspective, we discuss the epidemic situation of 2019-nCOV and its relationship with human saliva. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32224986/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072225 id: cord-011818-z89m8dur author: Ki, Jison title: Association between Health Problems and Turnover Intention in Shift Work Nurses: Health Problem Clustering date: 2020-06-24 words: 5351.0 sentences: 280.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-011818-z89m8dur.txt txt: ./txt/cord-011818-z89m8dur.txt summary: Using multiple ordinal logistic regressions analysis, it was shown that sleep disturbance, depression, fatigue, a gastrointestinal disorder, and leg or foot discomfort as a single health problem significantly increased turnover intention. In this study, we used data collected from October 2018 to January 2019 (NRN T1, n = 204) and from March 2018 to May 2018 (ERN T1, n = 300) to analyze the association between health problems and turnover intention among shift work nurses. In this analysis, we defined shift work as a In this study, we used data collected from October 2018 to January 2019 (NRN T1, n = 204) and from March 2018 to May 2018 (ERN T1, n = 300) to analyze the association between health problems and turnover intention among shift work nurses. The SWNHT study questionnaire included questions regarding general and job-related characteristics, health-related variables (e.g., dietary habits, menstrual symptoms, exposure to blood and body fluid, sleep, fatigue, depression, physical activity, etc.), occupational stress, presenteeism, and turnover intention. abstract: Shift work nurses experience multiple health problems due to irregular shifts and heavy job demands. However, the comorbidity patterns of nurses’ health problems and the association between health problems and turnover intention have rarely been studied. This study aimed to identify and cluster shift work nurses’ health problems and to reveal the associations between health problems and turnover intention. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 500 nurses who worked at two tertiary hospitals in Seoul, South Korea. Data, including turnover intention and nine types of health issues, were collected between March 2018 and April 2019. Hierarchical clustering and multiple ordinal logistic regressions were used for the data analysis. Among the participants, 22.2% expressed turnover intention and the mean number of health problems was 4.5 (range 0–9). Using multiple ordinal logistic regressions analysis, it was shown that sleep disturbance, depression, fatigue, a gastrointestinal disorder, and leg or foot discomfort as a single health problem significantly increased turnover intention. After clustering the health problems, four clusters were identified and only the neuropsychological cluster—sleep disturbance, fatigue, and depression—significantly increased turnover intention. We propose that health problems within the neuropsychological cluster must receive close attention and be addressed simultaneously to decrease nurse’s turnover intentions. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7345885/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124532 id: cord-012515-dxu7ajse author: Kim, Sookyung title: Prioritizing Training Needs of School Health Staff: The Example of Vietnam date: 2020-08-01 words: 4620.0 sentences: 222.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-012515-dxu7ajse.txt txt: ./txt/cord-012515-dxu7ajse.txt summary: Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 5563 3 of 11 needs in nine domains: providing emergency care (Domain 1), providing health education (Domain 2), operating the school health room (Domain 3), implementing health screening for students (Domain 4), controlling infectious diseases (Domain 5), establishing a healthy and safe physical environment (Domain 6), providing health counseling (Domain 7), implementing health promotion programs (Domain 8), and developing professionalism (Domain 9). The initial questionnaire consisted of 59 items pertaining to SHS members'' training needs in nine domains: providing emergency care (Domain 1), providing health education (Domain 2), operating the school health room (Domain 3), implementing health screening for students (Domain 4), controlling infectious diseases (Domain 5), establishing a healthy and safe physical environment (Domain 6), providing health counseling (Domain 7), implementing health promotion programs (Domain 8), and developing professionalism (Domain 9). abstract: Competencies of school health staff (SHS) members, including school nurses, are crucial to improving child and adolescent health. In Vietnam, although SHS members are dispatched to schools, they have limited training opportunities. This study identified SHS members’ training needs in a province of Vietnam. A cross-sectional, online survey was conducted with 204 SHS members. The performance and importance of SHS members’ competencies were measured using 59-items and rated by a 5-point Likert scale. SHS members’ training priorities were analyzed using the Borich Needs Assessment and the Locus for Focus model. Controlling infectious disease was the highest training priority while implementing health promotion programs was of relatively low priority. The high-priority training needs identified could be rendered mandatory in policy for continuing education of SHS members. Awareness of the importance of health promotion, which has been emphasized globally, should also be promoted via school health policy. These findings could guide development of future training programs for SHS members. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7432740/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155563 id: cord-265786-nstd8xak author: Kimhi, Shaul title: A Renewed Outbreak of the COVID−19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study of Distress, Resilience, and Subjective Well-Being date: 2020-10-23 words: 5055.0 sentences: 245.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-265786-nstd8xak.txt txt: ./txt/cord-265786-nstd8xak.txt summary: Three groups of indicators were assessed: signs of distress (sense of danger, distress symptoms, and perceived threats), resilience (individual, community, and national), and subjective well-being (well-being, hope, and morale). Results indicated the following: (a) a significant increase in distress indicators, with effect sizes of sense of danger, distress symptoms, and perceived threats (Cohen''s d 0.614, 0.120, and 0.248, respectively); (b) a significant decrease in resilience indicators, with effect sizes of individual, community, and national resilience (Cohen''s d 0.153, 0.428, and 0.793, respectively); and (c) a significant decrease in subjective well-being indicators with effect sizes of well-being, hope, and morale (Cohen''s d 0.116, 0.336, and 0.199, respectively). To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the levels of distress, resilience, and subjective well-being of the Israeli population, a longitudinal study was designed based on two repeated measurements. abstract: Considering the potential impact of COVID-19 on the civil society, a longitudinal study was conducted to identify levels of distress, resilience, and the subjective well-being of the population. The study is based on two repeated measurements conducted at the end of the pandemic’s “first wave” and the beginning of the “second wave” on a sample (n = 906) of Jewish Israeli respondents, who completed an online questionnaire distributed by an Internet panel company. Three groups of indicators were assessed: signs of distress (sense of danger, distress symptoms, and perceived threats), resilience (individual, community, and national), and subjective well-being (well-being, hope, and morale). Results indicated the following: (a) a significant increase in distress indicators, with effect sizes of sense of danger, distress symptoms, and perceived threats (Cohen’s d 0.614, 0.120, and 0.248, respectively); (b) a significant decrease in resilience indicators, with effect sizes of individual, community, and national resilience (Cohen’s d 0.153, 0.428, and 0.793, respectively); and (c) a significant decrease in subjective well-being indicators with effect sizes of well-being, hope, and morale (Cohen’s d 0.116, 0.336, and 0.199, respectively). To conclude, COVID-19 had a severe, large-scale impact on the civil society, leading to multidimensional damage and a marked decrease in the individual, community, and national resilience of the population. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33113914/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17217743 id: cord-355095-4sxuppmo author: Kimhi, Shaul title: Distress and Resilience in the Days of COVID-19: Comparing Two Ethnicities date: 2020-06-03 words: 4670.0 sentences: 218.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-355095-4sxuppmo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-355095-4sxuppmo.txt summary: The aim of the present study was to examine the level of concern and the contributions of modes of resilience, well-being and demographic attributes towards decreasing or enhancing anxiety and depression among two samples: Israeli Jews (majority group) and Israeli Arabs (minority group). The present study aimed to examine the level of sense of danger and distress symptoms, the contributions of modes of resilience, well-being and demographic attributes towards decreasing or enhancing anxiety and depression among two samples: Israeli Jews (majority group, N = 605) and Israeli Arabs (minority group, N = 156). The Arab sample would score higher than the Jewish sample on the level of COVID-19 pandemic distress and the level of sense of danger perceived by its members and would score lower than the Jewish sample on individual and public (community and national) resilience as well as on feeling safe at home. abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic is an ongoing epidemic of coronavirus disease, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome, which has spread recently worldwide. Efforts to prevent the virus from spreading include travel restrictions, lockdowns as well as national or regional quarantines throughout the international community. The major negative psychological outcome of the COVID-19 pandemic is the anxiety caused by it. The aim of the present study was to examine the level of concern and the contributions of modes of resilience, well-being and demographic attributes towards decreasing or enhancing anxiety and depression among two samples: Israeli Jews (majority group) and Israeli Arabs (minority group). These random samples included 605 Jews and 156 Arabs who participated in an internet survey. A previous study, which has been conducted in the context of terror attacks, has shown that compared to Israeli Jews, Israeli Arabs expressed a higher level of fear of war and lower levels of resilience supporting personality attributes. The results of the current study indicated a similar pattern that emerged in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: the Israeli Arabs reported a higher level of distress and a lower level of resilience and well-being. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113956 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113956 id: cord-270948-qfsjtflv author: Klosterhalfen, Stephanie title: Waterpipe Use among Adolescents in Germany: Prevalence, Associated Consumer Characteristics, and Trends (German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents, KiGGS) date: 2020-10-22 words: 5542.0 sentences: 321.0 pages: flesch: 60.0 cache: ./cache/cord-270948-qfsjtflv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-270948-qfsjtflv.txt summary: The German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) study and studies of the Federal Centre for Health Education (BZgA) such as the Drug Affinity Study have collected data on awareness about and use of WP, differentiated according to migration background, frequency of consumption, and combined consumption of tobacco cigarettes, WPs, e-products, and tobacco heaters [16, 30] . More specifically, based on data of the second wave of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS Wave 2), in the present study, we aimed to (i) investigate the prevalence of WP consumption among 11-to 17-year-old boys and girls; (ii) describe the frequency of WP use and the self-assessed smoking status; (iii) examine the associations between sociodemographic factors, smoking status and WP consumption among adolescents; and (iv) to monitor trends between the previous and the current wave of the KiGGS study. abstract: Waterpipe (WP) use is popular among youth worldwide, but epidemiological data from Germany are scarce. We aimed to describe prevalence rates of WP use (current, last 12 months, ever) and analysed correlates and trends among 11- to 17-year-olds in Germany. Analyses were based on data from the “German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents” study during 2014–2017 (n = 6599). Changes in WP use prevalence compared with 2009–2012 were used to describe trends. Associations with sociodemographic characteristics and cigarette smoking were assessed with multivariable logistic regression models. Prevalence of current WP use among adolescents was 8.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 7.5–9.6), use in the last 12 months was 19.7% (95% CI = 18.3–21.2), and ever use was 25.8% (95% CI = 24.2–27.5). High prevalence rates were particularly found among 16–17-year-olds. During 2009–2012, these prevalence rates were 9.0%, 18.5%, and 26.1%, respectively. WP use was associated with older age, male sex, migration background, lower educational level, and current smoking status. Among current WP users, 66.2% (95% CI = 60.0–71.9) identified themselves as non-smokers, and 38.1% (95% CI = 32.5–44.0) had used WP ≥ three times in the last month. WP consumption is popular among German youth, and prevalence rates have not changed over time. Specific prevention strategies to reduce harmful WP consumption among youth should be implemented. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217740 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17217740 id: cord-340889-ff35696d author: Ko, Nai-Ying title: Changes in Sex Life among People in Taiwan during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Roles of Risk Perception, General Anxiety, and Demographic Characteristics date: 2020-08-11 words: 5562.0 sentences: 250.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-340889-ff35696d.txt txt: ./txt/cord-340889-ff35696d.txt summary: The associations of change in sex life with risk perception of COVID-19, general anxiety, gender, age, and sexual orientation were also examined. Given that the COVID-19 is a novel respiratory infectious disease resulting in global impacts on human lives worldwide, additional studies are required on whether risk perception of COVID-19 and general anxiety are significantly associated with changes in sex life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, we examined the associations of gender, age, sexual orientation, risk perception of COVID-19, and general anxiety with changes in sex life. The present study found that risk perception, general anxiety, gender, age, and sexual orientation related to various aspects of changes in sex life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Risk perception of COVID-19, general anxiety, gender, age, and sexual orientation were associated with greater change in various aspects of an individual''s sex life. abstract: This study used data collected from an online survey study on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Taiwan to examine changes in sex life during the pandemic and the factors affecting such changes. In total, 1954 respondents were recruited from a Facebook advertisement. The survey inquired changes in sex life during the pandemic, including satisfaction with the individual’s sex life, frequency of sexual activity, frequency of sex-seeking activity, and frequency of using protection for sex. The associations of change in sex life with risk perception of COVID-19, general anxiety, gender, age, and sexual orientation were also examined. For each aspect of their sex life, 1.4%–13.5% of respondents reported a decrease in frequency or satisfaction, and 1.6%–2.9% reported an increase in frequency or satisfaction. Risk perception of COVID-19 was significantly and negatively associated with frequencies of sexual and sex-seeking activities. Higher general anxiety was significantly and negatively associated with satisfaction of sex life and frequencies of sexual and sex-seeking activities. Sexual minority respondents were more likely to report decreased satisfaction with sex life and frequencies of sexual activity and sex-seeking activities during COVID-19. Health care providers should consider these factors when developing strategies for sexual wellness amid respiratory infection epidemics. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32796759/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165822 id: cord-307133-bm9z8gss author: Kong, Lingcai title: Modeling Heterogeneity in Direct Infectious Disease Transmission in a Compartmental Model date: 2016-02-24 words: 4611.0 sentences: 247.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-307133-bm9z8gss.txt txt: ./txt/cord-307133-bm9z8gss.txt summary: Finally, we calibrated the model with the number of daily cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Beijing in 2003, and the estimated parameters show that the control measures taken at that time were effective. A low level of heterogeneity results in dynamics similar to those predicted by the homogeneous-mixing model with a frequency-dependent transmission term, βSI N . The greatest difference is that at the overall level, the heterogeneity slows the transmission speed and decreases the peak sizes, which means milder disease outbreaks, because in the scenario with a high level of heterogeneity, only a small proportion of susceptible individuals have chances of coming into contact with infectious individuals and becoming infected, which results in a slower increase of the infected population. Our results show that, keeping other conditions identical, the higher is the level of heterogeneity in contact rates, the greater is the difference in the disease dynamics observed from those predicted using the homogeneous-mixing models. abstract: Mathematical models have been used to understand the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases and to assess the impact of intervention strategies. Traditional mathematical models usually assume a homogeneous mixing in the population, which is rarely the case in reality. Here, we construct a new transmission function by using as the probability density function a negative binomial distribution, and we develop a compartmental model using it to model the heterogeneity of contact rates in the population. We explore the transmission dynamics of the developed model using numerical simulations with different parameter settings, which characterize different levels of heterogeneity. The results show that when the reproductive number, [Formula: see text] , is larger than one, a low level of heterogeneity results in dynamics similar to those predicted by the homogeneous mixing model. As the level of heterogeneity increases, the dynamics become more different. As a test case, we calibrated the model with the case incidence data for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Beijing in 2003, and the estimated parameters demonstrated the effectiveness of the control measures taken during that period. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26927140/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph13030253 id: cord-296312-nh4poc71 author: Kowitt, Sarah D. title: Tobacco Quit Intentions and Behaviors among Cigar Smokers in the United States in Response to COVID-19 date: 2020-07-25 words: 4860.0 sentences: 243.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-296312-nh4poc71.txt txt: ./txt/cord-296312-nh4poc71.txt summary: Black or African American participants, participants who reported using a quitline, and participants with higher COVID-19 risk perceptions had higher intentions to quit using tobacco due to COVID-19, and higher odds of making a quit attempt since COVID-19 started. Due to the potential negative health outcomes associated with COVID-19, it is possible that many tobacco users feel more vulnerable to its health effects and are trying to quit using tobacco-which aligns with both previous research and theory on risk perception [12, 13] . We first examined bivariate associations with our two outcomes (quit intentions and quit attempts) and all correlates of interest-participant characteristics, tobacco use variables, and other COVID-19 variables. Specifically, quit intentions and odds of making a quit attempt were higher in people who reported decreasing their tobacco use and people with higher COVID-19 risk perceptions, which is in line with what is often called the "vulnerability hypothesis". abstract: Combustible tobacco users appear to be at greater risk for serious complications from COVID-19. This study examined cigar smokers’ perceived risk of COVID-19, quit intentions, and behaviors during the current pandemic. We conducted an online study between 23 April 2020 to 7 May 2020, as part of an ongoing study examining perceptions of different health effects of cigars. All participants used cigars in the past 30 days (n = 777). Three-quarters of the sample (76.0%) perceived they had a higher risk of complications from COVID-19 compared to non-smokers. The majority of participants (70.8%) intended to quit in the next six months due to COVID-19, and almost half of the sample (46.5%) reported making a quit attempt since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Far more participants reported increasing their tobacco use since COVID-19 started (40.9%) vs. decreasing their tobacco use (17.8%). Black or African American participants, participants who reported using a quitline, and participants with higher COVID-19 risk perceptions had higher intentions to quit using tobacco due to COVID-19, and higher odds of making a quit attempt since COVID-19 started. More research is needed to understand how tobacco users are perceiving COVID-19 risks and changing their tobacco use behaviors. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155368 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155368 id: cord-283771-hh4p7cg3 author: Ku-Yuan, Lee title: How to Reduce the Latent Social Risk of Disease: The Determinants of Vaccination against Rabies in Taiwan date: 2014-06-04 words: 6429.0 sentences: 346.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-283771-hh4p7cg3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-283771-hh4p7cg3.txt summary: [10] argued that knowledge, especially objective knowledge, would affect attitude and enhance self-efficacy (perceived behavioral control, PBC), but they did not test the correlation between subjective knowledge and TPB. In other words, this study hypothesizes that favorable attitudes, high subjective norms, and good perceived behavioral control enhance the behavioral intention of rabies vaccination. Four sections evaluated attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention as to whether owners would take their dogs to receive the rabies vaccine injection. For this study, we used SEM to verify whether TPB can explain the intention of people to have their dogs vaccinated and whether knowledge of rabies can positively affect people''s attitude and perceived behavioral control. Therefore, people who had a more positive attitude, stronger subjective norms, and more perceptive behavioral control would have stronger behavioral intention to take their dogs for vaccination against rabies. abstract: To control the latent social risk of disease, the government usually spreads accurate information and attempts to improve the public’s attitude toward adopting prevention. However, these methods with the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) model do not always work. Therefore, we used the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to understand dog owners’ behavior and distinguished the knowledge effect as objective knowledge (OK) and subjective knowledge (SK). A total of 310 dog owners completed a questionnaire based on our model. We employed structural equation modeling to verify the structural relationships and found three main results. First, our model was fit, and each path was significant. People with better attitudes, stronger subjective norms, and more perceptive behavioral control have stronger behavioral intention. Second, perceived behavioral control, not attitude, was the best predictive index in this model. Finally, on perceived behavioral control, subjective knowledge showed more influence than objective knowledge. We successfully extended TPB to explain the behavioral intention of dog owners and presented more workable recommendations. To reduce the latent social risk of disease, the government should not only address dog owners’ attitudes, but also their subjective norms and perceptive behavioral control. Indeed, perceptive behavioral control and SK showed the most influence in this model. It is implied that the self-efficacy of dog owners is the most important factor in such a behavior. Therefore, the government should focus on enhancing dog owners’ self-efficacy first while devoted to prevention activities. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24901413/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph110605934 id: cord-331718-rjggiklf author: Kubota, Takeo title: Epigenetic Effect of Environmental Factors on Autism Spectrum Disorders date: 2016-05-14 words: 4770.0 sentences: 243.0 pages: flesch: 33.0 cache: ./cache/cord-331718-rjggiklf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-331718-rjggiklf.txt summary: Epigenetics, an essential mechanism for gene regulation based on chemical modifications of DNA and histone proteins, is also involved in congenital ASDs. It was recently demonstrated that environmental factors, such as endocrine disrupting chemicals and mental stress in early life, can change epigenetic status and gene expression, and can cause ASDs. Moreover, environmentally induced epigenetic changes are not erased during gametogenesis and are transmitted to subsequent generations, leading to changes in behavior phenotypes. These results suggest that close interaction between neuronal molecules and epigenetic molecules is important for normal brain development and failure of this interaction is potentially associated with ASDs. In this review, we introduce congenital epigenetic disorders with ASD-like phenotypes and environmental factors that affect epigenetic regulation of neuronal genes, and discuss transgenerational epigenetic inheritance and therapeutic strategies for ASDs taking advantage of use of the epigenetic reversibility. Rett syndrome (RTT) is a representative ASD characterized by repetitive and stereotypic hand movements, seizures, gait ataxia and autism [35] and is caused by mutations in the gene that encode methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2), which is associated with chromatin remodeling [36] . abstract: Both environmental factors and genetic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Epigenetics, an essential mechanism for gene regulation based on chemical modifications of DNA and histone proteins, is also involved in congenital ASDs. It was recently demonstrated that environmental factors, such as endocrine disrupting chemicals and mental stress in early life, can change epigenetic status and gene expression, and can cause ASDs. Moreover, environmentally induced epigenetic changes are not erased during gametogenesis and are transmitted to subsequent generations, leading to changes in behavior phenotypes. However, epigenetics has a reversible nature since it is based on the addition or removal of chemical residues, and thus the original epigenetic status may be restored. Indeed, several antidepressants and anticonvulsants used for mental disorders including ASDs restore the epigenetic state and gene expression. Therefore, further epigenetic understanding of ASDs is important for the development of new drugs that take advantages of epigenetic reversibility. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27187441/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph13050504 id: cord-254471-4lomiv5d author: Kupcewicz, Ewa title: Role of Global Self-Esteem in Predicting Life Satisfaction of Nursing Students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia date: 2020-07-27 words: 5663.0 sentences: 265.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-254471-4lomiv5d.txt txt: ./txt/cord-254471-4lomiv5d.txt summary: Background: This study analyzed the role of global self-esteem and selected sociodemographic variables in predicting life satisfaction of nursing students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia. The results of research on global self-esteem and life satisfaction conducted in Poland, Spain and Slovakia indicate that global self-assessment is related to the subjective well-being of nursing students. Within a given country, no significant differences in the average results for global self-esteem or sense of satisfaction with life were noted in relation to selected sociodemographic characteristics such as age, gender and year of study. In the group of Slovak students, a statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.37; p < 0.0001) between global self-esteem and satisfaction with life was observed on an average level ( Figure 5 ). In the group of Slovak students, a statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.37; p < 0.0001) between global self-esteem and satisfaction with life was observed on an average level ( Figure 5 ). abstract: Background: This study analyzed the role of global self-esteem and selected sociodemographic variables in predicting life satisfaction of nursing students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia. Methods: The study subjects were full-time nursing students from three European countries. A diagnostic survey was used as a research method, while the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (SES) and the satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) were used to collect data. Results: The research was performed on a group of 1002 students. The mean age of those surveyed was 21.6 (±3.4). The results showed significant differences both in the level of the global self-esteem index (F = 40.74; p < 0.0001) and in the level of general satisfaction with life (F = 12.71; p < 0.0001). A comparison of the structure of results demonstrated that there were significantly fewer students with high self-esteem in Spain (11.06%) than in Poland (48.27%) and in Slovakia (42.05%), while more students with a high sense of life satisfaction were recorded in Spain (64.90%) than in Poland (37.87%) or in Slovakia (47.44%). A positive, statistically significant correlation was found between global self-esteem and satisfaction with life in the group of Slovak students (r = 0.37; p < 0.0001), Polish students (r = 0.31; p < 0.0001) and Spanish students (r = 0.26; p < 0.0001). Furthermore, a regression analysis proved that three variables explaining a total of 12% output variation were the predictors of life satisfaction in Polish students. The regression factor was positive (ßeta = 0.31; R(2) = 0.12), which indicates a positive correlation and the largest share was attributed to global self-esteem (9%). In the group of Spanish students, global self-esteem explained 7% (ßeta = 0.27; R(2) = 0.07) of the output variation and 14% in the group of Slovak students (ßeta = 0.38; R(2) = 0.14). Conclusions: The global self-esteem demonstrates the predictive power of life satisfaction of nursing students, most clearly marked in the group of Slovak students. The measurement of the variables under consideration may facilitate the planning and implementation of programs aimed at increasing self-esteem among young people and promoting the well-being of nursing students. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155392 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155392 id: cord-288184-fa1niz51 author: Kwon, Chan-Young title: Using Mind–Body Modalities via Telemedicine during the COVID-19 Crisis: Cases in the Republic of Korea date: 2020-06-22 words: 5693.0 sentences: 315.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-288184-fa1niz51.txt txt: ./txt/cord-288184-fa1niz51.txt summary: In this paper, the telemedicine manual is introduced to provide insights into the development of mental health interventions for COVID-19 and other large-scale disasters in the upcoming new-normal era. The center uses herbal medicine (mainly Qing-Fei-Pai-Du-Tang) with established protocols based on multidisciplinary expert discussions and empirical evidence [14] , and the center also used telemedicine in conjunction with mind-body modalities (including mindfulness meditation) to improve the mental health of COVID-19 patients in Korea. The center uses herbal medicine (mainly Qing-Fei-Pai-Du-Tang) with established protocols based on multidisciplinary expert discussions and empirical evidence [14] , and the center also used telemedicine in conjunction with mind-body modalities (including mindfulness meditation) to improve the mental health of COVID-19 patients in Korea. Throughout the manual, KM doctors categorized the potential psychological condition of individuals, and explained the symptoms that may happen in this stressful situation and guided potentially useful mind-body interventions. abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected the world, and its deleterious effects on human domestic life, society, economics, and especially on human mental health are expected to continue. Mental health experts highlighted health issues this pandemic may cause, such as depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Mind–body intervention, such as mindfulness meditation, has accumulated sufficient empirical evidence supporting the efficacy in improving human mental health states and the use for this purpose has been increasing. Notably, some of these interventions have already been tried in the form of telemedicine or eHealth. Korea, located adjacent to China, was exposed to COVID-19 from a relatively early stage, and today it is evaluated to have been successful in controlling this disease. “The COVID-19 telemedicine center of Korean medicine” has treated more than 20% of the confirmed COVID-19 patients in Korea with telemedicine since 9 March 2020. The center used telemedicine and mind–body modalities (including mindfulness meditation) to improve the mental health of patients diagnosed with COVID-19. In this paper, the telemedicine manual is introduced to provide insights into the development of mental health interventions for COVID-19 and other large-scale disasters in the upcoming new-normal era. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32580396/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124477 id: cord-262637-crqw59k1 author: Kwon, Sophia title: Food Intake REstriction for Health OUtcome Support and Education (FIREHOUSE) Protocol: A Randomized Clinical Trial date: 2020-09-09 words: 5636.0 sentences: 316.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt summary: We will randomize subjects (1:1) to either: (1) Low Calorie Mediterranean (LoCalMed)—an integrative multifactorial, technology-supported approach focused on behavioral modification, nutritional education that will include a self-monitored diet with feedback, physical activity recommendations, and social cognitive theory-based group counseling sessions; or (2) Usual Care. In light of these findings, we focused our work on the inflammatory effects of lipids in the development of particulate matter (PM)-induced lung injury [22] To investigate the potential reversibility of WTC-LI by direct impact on MetSyn risk factors, we focus on calorie-restricted (CR) Mediterranean diets based on recent studies showing their ability to attenuate lipid levels [20, 23, 24] . At baseline, participants will be provided in-person, group-based technology training, and will receive handouts with the following study goals: (1) weight loss of ≥seven percent at 6-months; (2) saturated fat intake ≤seven percent of kcal; (3) ≥150-min per week of moderate-intensity physical activity. abstract: Fire Department of New York (FDNY) rescue and recovery workers exposed to World Trade Center (WTC) particulates suffered loss of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)). Metabolic Syndrome increased the risk of developing WTC-lung injury (WTC-LI)(.) We aim to attenuate the deleterious effects of WTC exposure through a dietary intervention targeting these clinically relevant disease modifiers. We hypothesize that a calorie-restricted Mediterranean dietary intervention will improve metabolic risk, subclinical indicators of cardiopulmonary disease, quality of life, and lung function in firefighters with WTC-LI. To assess our hypothesis, we developed the Food Intake REstriction for Health OUtcome Support and Education (FIREHOUSE), a randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT). Male firefighters with WTC-LI and a BMI > 27 kg/m(2) will be included. We will randomize subjects (1:1) to either: (1) Low Calorie Mediterranean (LoCalMed)—an integrative multifactorial, technology-supported approach focused on behavioral modification, nutritional education that will include a self-monitored diet with feedback, physical activity recommendations, and social cognitive theory-based group counseling sessions; or (2) Usual Care. Outcomes include reduction in body mass index (BMI) (primary), improvement in FEV(1), fractional exhaled nitric oxide, pulse wave velocity, lipid profiles, targeted metabolic/clinical biomarkers, and quality of life measures (secondary). By implementing a technology-supported LoCalMed diet our FIREHOUSE RCT may help further the treatment of WTC associated pulmonary disease. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32916985/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186569 id: cord-330583-ltkpt80u author: Lee, Kyu-Myoung title: Factors Influencing the Response to Infectious Diseases: Focusing on the Case of SARS and MERS in South Korea date: 2019-04-22 words: 9200.0 sentences: 414.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-330583-ltkpt80u.txt txt: ./txt/cord-330583-ltkpt80u.txt summary: Following the 2003 the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak in South Korea, this research aims to explore and examine the factors influencing the response to infectious diseases, which encompasses both communicable and non-communicable diseases. As the results conducted meta-analyses to comprehensively analyze the correlations of factors influencing disaster response from a Korean context, the findings show that the legislative factor had direct and indirect influence on the overall process of infectious disease response and that Leadership of the central government, establishment of an intergovernmental response system, the need for communication, information sharing and disclosure and onsite response were identified as key factors influencing effective infectious disease response. However, there is also need for comprehensive discussions that include the establishment of laws; regulations; resources; information on infectious disease response from administrative and policy perspectives; information sharing system; and the establishment of an international cooperation system and national response system involving the central government, the regional government, private organizations and the public for effective response when an actual infectious disease outbreak occurs. abstract: Following the 2003 the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak in South Korea, this research aims to explore and examine the factors influencing the response to infectious diseases, which encompasses both communicable and non-communicable diseases. Through a qualitative research method, this research categorizes the factors as inputs, processes and outputs and applies them into the 2003 SARS and MERS outbreak in South Korea. As the results conducted meta-analyses to comprehensively analyze the correlations of factors influencing disaster response from a Korean context, the findings show that the legislative factor had direct and indirect influence on the overall process of infectious disease response and that Leadership of the central government, establishment of an intergovernmental response system, the need for communication, information sharing and disclosure and onsite response were identified as key factors influencing effective infectious disease response. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31013648/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph16081432 id: cord-326851-0jxdnm1l author: Lee, Sang M. title: Lessons Learned from Battling COVID-19: The Korean Experience date: 2020-10-16 words: 9665.0 sentences: 461.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-326851-0jxdnm1l.txt txt: ./txt/cord-326851-0jxdnm1l.txt summary: Results: Korea''s success rests on its readiness, with the capacity for massive testing and obtaining prompt test results, effective contact tracing based on its world-leading mobile technologies, timely provision of personal protective equipment (PPE) to first responders, effective treatment of infected patients, and invoking citizens'' community and civic conscience for the shared goal of defeating the pandemic. More specifically, this study has the following objectives: (1) To analyze Korean experiences with cases where healthcare facilities failed to prevent previous infectious diseases from spreading, and how these failures served the government in devising effective approaches to encounter the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) To dissect cases that showed innovative and successful response measures to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic, and (3) To elaborate on suggestions for crisis management based on the lessons learned from these COVID-19 response cases in Korea. abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has swept the world like a gigantic tsunami, turning social and economic activities upside down. Methods: This paper presents some of the innovative response strategies implemented by the public health system, healthcare facilities, and government in South Korea, which has been hailed as the model country for its success in containing COVID-19. Korea reinvented its public health infrastructure with a sense of urgency. Results: Korea’s success rests on its readiness, with the capacity for massive testing and obtaining prompt test results, effective contact tracing based on its world-leading mobile technologies, timely provision of personal protective equipment (PPE) to first responders, effective treatment of infected patients, and invoking citizens’ community and civic conscience for the shared goal of defeating the pandemic. The lessons learned from Korea’s response in countering the onslaught of COVID-19 provide unique implications for public healthcare administrators and operations management practitioners. Conclusion: Since many epidemic experts warn of a second wave of COVID-19, the lessons learned from the first wave will be a valuable resource for responding to the resurgence of the virus. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207548 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207548 id: cord-262567-gojbccmz author: Lee, Seung-Man title: Mediating Effect of Sports Participation on the Relationship between Health Perceptions and Health Promoting Behavior in Adolescents date: 2020-09-16 words: 5392.0 sentences: 245.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-262567-gojbccmz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-262567-gojbccmz.txt summary: Based on the results of this study, suggestions are presented on how to enhance health perceptions in adolescents who are in a critical period for forming healthy life habits, and to prepare measures to encourage sports participation. In addition, previous studies are limited in that they sporadically report only some of the variables in the relationships among health perceptions, sports participation, and health promoting behavior. In order to overcome these limitations, it is necessary to verify the effects of health perceptions and sports participation on improving health promoting behavior in adolescents, using an appropriate study design. Sixth, bootstrapping was used to verify the mediating effect of sports participation on the relationship between health perceptions and health promoting behavior in adolescents (see Section 3.3). Analyses were performed to verify the model that explains the structural relationship between the individual variables by verifying the mediating effect of sports participation on the relationship between health perceptions and health promoting behavior in adolescents. abstract: The aim of this study was to verify the structural relationship between health perceptions, sports participation, and health promoting behavior in adolescents. A total of 507 adolescents living in Seoul, Republic of Korea, in 2020, participated in this study. This study was conducted using a preliminary survey and a main survey. In the preliminary survey, the reliability and validity of the scales used in this study were analyzed, and in the main survey, the relationships between individual variables were verified. Specifically, descriptive statistical analysis, path analysis, and mediating effect analysis were conducted in the main survey. The results of the study are as follows: first, health perceptions were found to have a positive effect on sports participation (p < 0.001). Furthermore, health perceptions were found to have no direct effect on health promoting behavior (p = 0.554), while sports participation was found to have a positive effect on health promoting behavior (p < 0.001). Additionally, sports participation completely mediated the relationship between health perceptions and health promoting behavior. Based on the results of this study, suggestions are presented on how to enhance health perceptions in adolescents who are in a critical period for forming healthy life habits, and to prepare measures to encourage sports participation. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32947940/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186744 id: cord-010334-7ce0xhjo author: Li, Chun title: The Relationship Exploration between Public Migration Attention and Population Migration from a Perspective of Search Query date: 2020-04-01 words: 8250.0 sentences: 374.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-010334-7ce0xhjo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010334-7ce0xhjo.txt summary: (3) To verify the relationship between search query data in cyber space and population migration in geographical space, we select three urban agglomerations in China as case study: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region (BTH), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and the Pearl River Delta (PRD). (3) To verify the relationship between search query data in cyber space and population migration in geographical space, we select three urban agglomerations in China as case study: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region (BTH), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and the Pearl River Delta (PRD). Based on the different original location of migration search, we construct three MAIs as local-MAI, external-MAI, and intercity-MAI to delineate the public attention generated from local city, attention from external areas, and attention flow among urban areas; then, the correlation analysis is conducted between MAIs in cyber space and urban migrants in geographical space to further verify the aforementioned hypothesis. abstract: Rapid population migration has been viewed as a critical factor impacting urban network construction and regional sustainable development. The supervision and analysis of population migration are necessary for guiding the optimal allocation of urban resources and for attaining the high efficiency development of region. Currently, the explorations of population migration are often restricted by the limitation of data. In the information era, search engines widely collect public attention, implying potential individual actions, and freely provide open, timelier, and large-scope search query data for helping explore regional phenomena and problems. In this paper, we endeavor to explore the possibility of adopting such data to depict population migration. Based on the search query from Baidu search engine, three migration attention indexes (MAIs) are constructed to capture public migration attention in cyber space. Taking three major urban agglomerations in China as case study, we conduct the correlation analysis among the cyber MAIs and population migration in geographical space. Results have shown that external-MAI and local-MAI can positively reflect the population migration inner regions and across regions from a holistic lens and that intercity-MAI can be a helpful supplement for the delineation of specific population flow. Along with the accumulation of cyber search query data, its potential in exploring population migration can be further reinforced. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7177813/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072388 id: cord-341105-3uvbfp8c author: Li, Dian-Jeng title: COVID-19-Related Factors Associated with Sleep Disturbance and Suicidal Thoughts among the Taiwanese Public: A Facebook Survey date: 2020-06-22 words: 4408.0 sentences: 216.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-341105-3uvbfp8c.txt txt: ./txt/cord-341105-3uvbfp8c.txt summary: Their self-reported experience of sleep disturbance and suicidal thoughts in the previous week were collected along with a number of COVID-19-related factors, including level of worry, change in social interaction and daily lives, any academic/occupational interference, levels of social and specific support, and self-reported physical health. The results demonstrated that current sleep disturbance was significantly associated with several factors, including younger age (cOR = 0.99; p = 0.002), more severe worry about COVID-19 (cOR = 1.07; p < 0.001), more severe impact of COVID-19 on social interaction (cOR = 1.14; p = 0.001), lower perceived social support (cOR = 0.87; p < 0.001), lower self-reported physical health (cOR = 0.76; p < 0.001), higher academic/occupational interference (cOR = 1.20; p < 0.001), lower COVID-19-specified support (cOR = 0.85; p < 0.001), and more household disinfection (cOR = 1.23; p = 0.03). abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted many aspects of people’s lives all over the world. This Facebook survey study aimed to investigate the COVID-19-related factors that were associated with sleep disturbance and suicidal thoughts among members of the public during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan. The online survey recruited 1970 participants through a Facebook advertisement. Their self-reported experience of sleep disturbance and suicidal thoughts in the previous week were collected along with a number of COVID-19-related factors, including level of worry, change in social interaction and daily lives, any academic/occupational interference, levels of social and specific support, and self-reported physical health. In total, 55.8% of the participants reported sleep disturbance, and 10.8% reported having suicidal thoughts in the previous week. Multiple COVID-19-related factors were associated with sleep disturbance and suicidal thoughts in the COVID-19 pandemic. Increased worry about COVID-19, more severe impact of COVID-19 on social interaction, lower perceived social support, more severe academic/occupational interference due to COVID-19, lower COVID-19-specified support, and poorer self-reported physical health were significantly associated with sleep disturbance. Less handwashing, lower perceived social support, lower COVID-19-specified support, poorer self-reported physical health, and younger age were significantly associated with suicidal thoughts. Further investigation is needed to understand the changes in mental health among the public since the mitigation of the COVID-19 pandemic. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32580433/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124479 id: cord-320208-uih4jf8w author: Li, Diya title: Modeling Spatiotemporal Pattern of Depressive Symptoms Caused by COVID-19 Using Social Media Data Mining date: 2020-07-10 words: 8951.0 sentences: 527.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-320208-uih4jf8w.txt txt: ./txt/cord-320208-uih4jf8w.txt summary: In this article, we propose a CorExQ9 algorithm that integrates a Correlation Explanation (CorEx) learning algorithm and clinical Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) lexicon to detect COVID-19 related stress symptoms at a spatiotemporal scale in the United States. In this article, we propose a CorExQ9 algorithm that integrates Correlation Explanation (CorEx) learning algorithm and clinical PHQ lexicon to detect COVID-19 related stress symptoms at a spatiotemporal scale in the United States. We assessed the level of stress expressed in COVID-19 related tweets by integrating a lexicon-based method derived from established clinical assessment questionnaire PHQ-9 [46] . The CorEx algorithm combined with clinical stress measure index (PHQ-9) helped to minimize human interventions and human language ambiguity in social media data mining for stress detection and provided accurate stress symptom measures of Twitter users related to the COVID-19 pandemic. abstract: By 29 May 2020, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 had spread to 188 countries, infecting more than 5.9 million people, and causing 361,249 deaths. Governments issued travel restrictions, gatherings of institutions were cancelled, and citizens were ordered to socially distance themselves in an effort to limit the spread of the virus. Fear of being infected by the virus and panic over job losses and missed education opportunities have increased people’s stress levels. Psychological studies using traditional surveys are time-consuming and contain cognitive and sampling biases, and therefore cannot be used to build large datasets for a real-time depression analysis. In this article, we propose a CorExQ9 algorithm that integrates a Correlation Explanation (CorEx) learning algorithm and clinical Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) lexicon to detect COVID-19 related stress symptoms at a spatiotemporal scale in the United States. The proposed algorithm overcomes the common limitations of traditional topic detection models and minimizes the ambiguity that is caused by human interventions in social media data mining. The results show a strong correlation between stress symptoms and the number of increased COVID-19 cases for major U.S. cities such as Chicago, San Francisco, Seattle, New York, and Miami. The results also show that people’s risk perception is sensitive to the release of COVID-19 related public news and media messages. Between January and March, fear of infection and unpredictability of the virus caused widespread panic and people began stockpiling supplies, but later in April, concerns shifted as financial worries in western and eastern coastal areas of the U.S. left people uncertain of the long-term effects of COVID-19 on their lives. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32664388/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17144988 id: cord-296669-1md8j11e author: Li, Xin title: Factors Associated with Mental Health Results among Workers with Income Losses Exposed to COVID-19 in China date: 2020-08-04 words: 3789.0 sentences: 192.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-296669-1md8j11e.txt txt: ./txt/cord-296669-1md8j11e.txt summary: The degrees of the depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress symptoms of our participants were assessed using the Chinese versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), the Insomnia Severity Index-7 (ISI-7), and the revised 7-item Impact of Event Scale (IES-7) scales, respectively, which found that the prevalence rates of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress caused by COVID-19 were 45.5%, 49.5%, 30.9%, and 68.1%, respectively. Mental disorders, including depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress, caused by COVID-19 were assessed in our study by Chinese versions of validated measurement tools [24] [25] [26] [27] : the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9; the total score ranged from 0 to 27) [24] , the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7; the total score ranged from 0 to 21) [25] , the Insomnia Severity Index-7 (ISI-7; the total score ranged from 0 to 28) [26] , and the revised 7-item Impact of Event Scale (IES-7; the total score ranged from 0 to 28) [27] . abstract: The outbreak and worldwide spread of COVID-19 has resulted in a high prevalence of mental health problems in China and other countries. This was a cross-sectional study conducted using an online survey and face-to-face interviews to assess mental health problems and the associated factors among Chinese citizens with income losses exposed to COVID-19. The degrees of the depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress symptoms of our participants were assessed using the Chinese versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), the Insomnia Severity Index-7 (ISI-7), and the revised 7-item Impact of Event Scale (IES-7) scales, respectively, which found that the prevalence rates of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress caused by COVID-19 were 45.5%, 49.5%, 30.9%, and 68.1%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with mental health outcomes among workers with income losses during COVID-19. Participants working in Hubei province with heavy income losses, especially pregnant women, were found to have a high risk of developing unfavorable mental health symptoms and may need psychological support or interventions. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32759877/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155627 id: cord-258915-lgee3ers author: Liddle, Jennifer title: Connecting at Local Level: Exploring Opportunities for Future Design of Technology to Support Social Connections in Age-friendly Communities date: 2020-07-31 words: 12517.0 sentences: 531.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-258915-lgee3ers.txt txt: ./txt/cord-258915-lgee3ers.txt summary: In drawing together participants'' ideas about spaces, processes and mechanisms that might address these local challenges, we conclude the paper with implications that offer scope for further exploration and consideration in terms of how technology might support the operationalisation of local people''s ideas for improving face-to-face connections in age-friendly community settings. As described earlier, the interview data were coded to explore (a) opportunities to improve connections at a local level, i.e., factors that had the potential to impact negatively on people''s geographically proximate social relationships in terms of quality, quantity or satisfaction; and (b) participants'' engagement with technology in relation to their social lives generally. As described earlier, the interview data were coded to explore (a) opportunities to improve connections at a local level, i.e., factors that had the potential to impact negatively on people''s geographically proximate social relationships in terms of quality, quantity or satisfaction; and (b) participants'' engagement with technology in relation to their social lives generally. abstract: Social connectedness in later life is an important dimension of an age-friendly community, with associated implications for individual health and wellbeing. In contrast with prior efforts focusing on connections at a distance or online communities where the digital technology is the interface, we explore the design opportunities and role of technology for connectedness within a geographically local community context. We present findings from interviews with 22 older adults and a linked ideation workshop. Our analysis identified shared concerns and negative perceptions around local relationships, connections and characteristics of the geographical area. However, local connectedness through technology was largely absent from day-to-day life and even perceived as contributing to disconnection. By uncovering how older adults use and perceive technology in their social lives and combining these findings with their ideas for improving local connections, we highlight the need for thoughtful consideration of the role of technology in optimising social connections within communities. Our research highlights a need for design work to understand the specifics of the local context and reduce emphasis on technology as the interface between people. We introduce an amended definition—‘underpinned by a commitment to respect and social inclusion, an age-friendly community is engaged in a strategic and ongoing process to facilitate active ageing by optimising the community’s physical, social and digital environments and its supporting infrastructure’—to conceptualise our approach. We conclude by suggesting areas for future work in developing digitally connected age-friendly communities. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32751898/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155544 id: cord-315037-lmur80te author: Lin, Chien-Yu title: Increased Detection of Viruses in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection Using PCR date: 2020-01-15 words: 4190.0 sentences: 241.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-315037-lmur80te.txt txt: ./txt/cord-315037-lmur80te.txt summary: We performed a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to investigate the viral etiology in pediatric patients and compared the detection rates with those determined using traditional antigen tests and virus cultures. This study aims to detect respiratory viruses in children using PCR and to compare the detection power of this technique against that when using traditional antigen tests and virus cultures. For children with respiratory symptoms and with a clinical suspicion of virus infection, a test for RSV antigen test, human parainfluenza virus (PIV) type 3 antigen test, viral PCR for enterovirus, or viral cultures was prescribed by the judgment of pediatricians. The following multiplex PCR assays were performed for each sample to detect RNA/DNA of 15 respiratory viruses, including RSV A or B, FluA, FluB, human enterovirus (EV), MPV, human parainfluenza virus types 1-4, human rhinovirus (RV), coronavirus OC43/NL63/229E, human adenovirus (ADV), and human bocavirus (Boca). The present study demonstrates that PCR has higher detectability for respiratory viruses compared to traditional antigen tests and viral cultures. abstract: Respiratory viruses are a common cause of respiratory tract infection (RTI), particularly in neonates and children. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of viral infections could improve clinical outcomes and reduce the use of antibiotics and treatment sessions. Advances in diagnostic technology contribute to the accurate detection of viruses. We performed a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to investigate the viral etiology in pediatric patients and compared the detection rates with those determined using traditional antigen tests and virus cultures. Fifteen respiratory viruses were included in our investigation: respiratory syncytial virus A/B (RSV), influenza virus A (FluA) and influenza virus B (FluB), human metapneumovirus (MPV), enterovirus (EV), human parainfluenza virus (PIV) types 1–4, human rhinovirus (RV), human coronavirus OC43, NL63, and 229E, human adenovirus (ADV), and human bocavirus (Boca). In total, 474 specimens were collected and tested. Respiratory viruses were detected more frequently by PCR (357, 75.3%) than they were by traditional tests (229, 49.3%). The leading pathogens were RSV (113, 23.8%), RV (72, 15.2%), PIV3 (53, 11.2%), FluA (51, 10.8%), and ADV (48, 10.1%). For children younger than 5 years, RSV and RV were most prevalent; for children older than 5 years, FluA and ADV were the most frequently detected. Of the specimens, 25.8% (92/357) were coinfected with two or more viruses. RV, Boca, PIV2, FluB, and PIV4 had higher rates of coinfection; MPV and PIV1 had the lowest rates of coinfection (9.1% and 5.3%). To conclude, the detection power of PCR was better than that of traditional antigen tests and virus cultures when considering the detection of respiratory viruses. RSV and RV were the leading viral pathogens identified in the respiratory specimens. One-quarter of the positive specimens were coinfected with two or more viruses. In the future, further application of PCR may contribute to the rapid and accurate diagnosis of respiratory viruses and could improve patient outcomes. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31952364/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020564 id: cord-352501-5c78kq0w author: Lin, Paohui title: Food Safety Gaps between Consumers’ Expectations and Perceptions: Development and Verification of a Gap-Assessment Tool date: 2020-08-31 words: 7392.0 sentences: 399.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-352501-5c78kq0w.txt txt: ./txt/cord-352501-5c78kq0w.txt summary: Governments have taken measures to manage issues, and many previous studies have also explored these mechanisms, including governmental policies and regulations on organic farming [1] , the impact of foodborne poisoning caused by food contamination [2] , a novel coronavirus caused by microbial contaminants in game meat [3] , concerning the risk of animal diseases such as avian flu, swine flu, mad cow virus [4, 5] , safety assessment of meat products [6] , and food inspection standards, such as instrumental detection methods based on the nuclear magnet resonance [7] or low field nuclear magnetic resonance [8] to assess the adulteration of oils and fats. Study the expectations versus the actual perceived disparities at the consumer''s level and unravelling human perceptions in the context of food safety is important as both might affect the validity of the evaluation stage. abstract: In recent decades, food safety has become a major concern due to frequent food safety incidents in many countries. This may lead to increased health risks associated with low quality food consumption, thereby reducing consumer trust in food safety. A better understanding of consumer perceptions of food safety can improve indicators that do not meet consumer expectations. We propose a food safety gap model with four gap-construct based on consumer expectations and perceptions. The model was empirically tested through a survey of 25 items, and then assessed for gaps through the importance–performance analysis (IPA). From a sample of 697 Taiwanese consumers, we found a huge gap between consumer expectations and perceptions related to food safety. More importantly, the results of the IPA indicate that most items must be immediately improved, which is vital in order to mitigate the risk of food safety. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176328 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176328 id: cord-264560-hxvadp24 author: Liu, Jui-Yao title: Analysis of Imported Cases of COVID-19 in Taiwan: A Nationwide Study date: 2020-05-09 words: 4333.0 sentences: 236.0 pages: flesch: 60.0 cache: ./cache/cord-264560-hxvadp24.txt txt: ./txt/cord-264560-hxvadp24.txt summary: The Taiwanese authorities have made efforts to contain the importation of the disease by issuing travel advisories and implementing flight bans, entry restrictions, airport screening, home quarantining of travellers from high-risk areas, isolation of confirmed cases, and thorough contact tracing [11] [12] [13] . Travellers entering Taiwan with fever or respiratory symptoms must have oropharyngeal specimens collected for COVID-19 testing and are subject to home quarantining for 14 days, as are travellers from areas where the disease is epidemic. Of the imported cases, 32.7% were identified in airport screening, 27.7% during home quarantine, 16.2% through contact tracing, and 23.4% sought medical attention themselves and were reported by the hospitals (Table 3 ). Proactive border control measures to contain the importation of COVID-19 via airport screening, quarantining of travellers from epidemic areas, and thorough contact tracing are effective for preventing community transmission of this disease. abstract: In the early stages of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, containment of disease importation from epidemic areas was essential for outbreak control. This study is based on publicly accessible data on confirmed COVID-19 cases in Taiwan extracted from the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control website. We analysed the characteristics, infection source, symptom presentation, and route of identification of the 321 imported cases that were identified from 21 January to 6 April 2020. They were mostly returned Taiwanese citizens who had travelled to one or more of 37 countries for tourism, business, work, or study. Half of these cases developed symptoms before arrival, most of the remainder developed symptoms 1–13 days (mean 4.0 days) after arrival, and 3.4% never developed symptoms. Three-quarters of the cases had respiratory symptoms, 44.9% had fever, 13.1% lost smell or taste, and 7.2% had diarrhoea. Body temperature and symptom screening at airports identified 32.7% of the cases. Of the remainder, 27.7% were identified during home quarantining, 16.2% were identified via contact tracing, and 23.4% were reported by hospitals. Under the strict enforcement of these measures, the incidence of locally acquired COVID-19 cases in Taiwan remains sporadic. In conclusion, proactive border control measures are effective for preventing community transmission of this disease. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32397515/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093311 id: cord-002184-964tbh7d author: Liu, Kui title: Chinese Public Attention to the Outbreak of Ebola in West Africa: Evidence from the Online Big Data Platform date: 2016-08-03 words: 4770.0 sentences: 234.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-002184-964tbh7d.txt txt: ./txt/cord-002184-964tbh7d.txt summary: This study aimed to investigate and evaluate the public reaction to Ebola in China and identify the primitive correlation between possible influence factors caused by the outbreak of Ebola in West Africa and Chinese public attention via Internet surveillance. To understand the public reaction in China to the outbreak of EVD in West Africa, we carried out an innovative network digital epidemiologic study based on the online data retrieved from 20 July to 4 September in 2014, in which the epidemics had aroused significant attention and reaction in China. This paper reported the use of BDI and SMI to identify the Chinese public''s reaction to the Ebola outbreak in West Africa from 20 July to 4 September in 2014. This digital epidemiologic study suggested that online surveillance reflected significant attention in the Chinese population to the Ebola outbreak, and that BDI and SMI were rapid and efficient in identifying and evaluating public reactions. abstract: Objective: The outbreak of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014 exerted enormous global public reaction via the Internet and social media. This study aimed to investigate and evaluate the public reaction to Ebola in China and identify the primitive correlation between possible influence factors caused by the outbreak of Ebola in West Africa and Chinese public attention via Internet surveillance. Methods: Baidu Index (BDI) and Sina Micro Index (SMI) were collected from their official websites, and the disease-related data were recorded from the websites of the World Health Organization (WHO), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and U.S. National Ministries of Health. The average BDI of Internet users in different regions were calculated to identify the public reaction to the Ebola outbreak. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to check the relationship of epidemic trends with BDI and SMI. Additionally, spatio-temporal analysis and autocorrelation analysis were performed to detect the clustered areas with the high attention to the topic of “Ebola”. The related news reports were collected from authoritative websites to identify potential patterns. Results: The BDI and the SMI for “Ebola” showed a similar fluctuating trend with a correlation coefficient = 0.9 (p < 0.05). The average BDI in Beijing, Tibet, and Shanghai was higher than other cities. However, the disease-related indicators did not identify potential correlation with both indices above. A hotspot area was detected in Tibet by local autocorrelation analysis. The most likely cluster identified by spatiotemporal cluster analysis was in the northeast regions of China with the relative risk (RR) of 2.26 (p ≤ 0.01) from 30 July to 14 August in 2014. Qualitative analysis indicated that negative news could lead to a continuous increase of the public’s attention until the appearance of a positive news report. Conclusions: Confronted with the risk of cross-border transmission of the infectious disease, online surveillance might be used as an innovative approach to perform public communication and health education through examining the public’s reaction and attitude. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4997466/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph13080780 id: cord-343767-nnx8adtl author: Liu, Ziyuan title: Path Optimization of Medical Waste Transport Routes in the Emergent Public Health Event of COVID-19: A Hybrid Optimization Algorithm Based on the Immune–Ant Colony Algorithm date: 2020-08-12 words: 6143.0 sentences: 304.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-343767-nnx8adtl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-343767-nnx8adtl.txt summary: To a certain extent, the model and the algorithm are proposed to solve the problem of medical waste disposal, based on transit temporary storage stations, which we are convinced will have far-reaching significance for China and other countries to dispatch medical waste in response to such public health emergencies. In this paper, the immune algorithm, the q-value method, and the improved ant colony algorithm are applied to the model to solve the path planning problem of the transport of medical waste. The studies of this paper are to establish a number of transport stations and an efficient medical waste transport model between hospitals and transport stations and, eventually, optimize the transportation paths. For the path optimization problem between the transport station and the hospitals, we used the ant colony optimization algorithm and the tabu search algorithm to solve it, which is a vehicle routing problem with load constraints (CVRP). abstract: In response to the emergent public health event of COVID-19, the efficiency of transport of medical waste from hospitals to disposal stations is a worthwhile issue to study. In this paper, based on the actual situation of COVID-19 and environmental impact assessment guidelines, an immune algorithm is used to establish a location model of urban medical waste storage sites. In view of the selection of temporary storage stations and realistic transportation demand, an efficiency-of-transport model of medical waste between hospitals and temporary storage stations is established by using an ant colony–tabu hybrid algorithm. In order to specify such status, Wuhan city in Hubei Province, China—considered the first city to suffer from COVID-19—was chosen as an example of verification; the two-level model and the immune algorithm–ant colony optimization–tabu search (IA–ACO–TS) algorithm were used for simulation and testing, which achieved good verification. To a certain extent, the model and the algorithm are proposed to solve the problem of medical waste disposal, based on transit temporary storage stations, which we are convinced will have far-reaching significance for China and other countries to dispatch medical waste in response to such public health emergencies. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165831 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165831 id: cord-259809-7glw6pir author: Lloyd, Helen M. title: Supporting Innovative Person-Centred Care in Financially Constrained Environments: The WE CARE Exploratory Health Laboratory Evaluation Strategy date: 2020-04-28 words: 7735.0 sentences: 381.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-259809-7glw6pir.txt txt: ./txt/cord-259809-7glw6pir.txt summary: The COST CARES project aims to support healthcare cost containment and improve healthcare quality across Europe by developing the research and development necessary for person-centred care (PCC) and health promotion. COST Action 15222 ''Cost Cares'' was funded by the EU Commission to create the impetus in both the research and development required to design and test innovative exploratory health laboratories (EHLs) to implement PCC and HP across the EU. Repeated here for clarity the critical enablers are (1) information technology (IT), which describes the use of computers or other computerized devises to store, transmit, and receive data to support PCC planning and care coordination, for handling and communicating health and evaluation data, and for delivering PCC and HP interventions. (4) Incentive systems that reward PCC processes and outcomes, such as personal health goals, PCC plans, improvements in patient self-efficacy and experiences of care, and HP activities. abstract: The COST CARES project aims to support healthcare cost containment and improve healthcare quality across Europe by developing the research and development necessary for person-centred care (PCC) and health promotion. This paper presents an overview evaluation strategy for testing ‘Exploratory Health Laboratories’ to deliver these aims. Our strategy is theory driven and evidence based, and developed through a multi-disciplinary and European-wide team. Specifically, we define the key approach and essential criteria necessary to evaluate initial testing, and on-going large-scale implementation with a core set of accompanying methods (metrics, models, and measurements). This paper also outlines the enabling mechanisms that support the development of the “Health Labs” towards innovative models of ethically grounded and evidenced-based PCC. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093050 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093050 id: cord-326643-obfvi3ms author: Lo Giudice, Roberto title: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Dentistry. Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice date: 2020-04-28 words: 4574.0 sentences: 293.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-326643-obfvi3ms.txt txt: ./txt/cord-326643-obfvi3ms.txt summary: Considering the virus'' route of transmission, a specific protocol should be applied to reduce the risk of infection in addition to measures that prevent the spread of infection from a patient to another person or medical tools and equipment (cross-infection). Due to the transmission route, in addition to measures that prevent diffusion of the infection from a patient to another person or medical tools and equipment (cross-infection), it is advisable to add further airborne and contact precautions to the routine standard hygienic procedures in order to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, masks, visors, goggles, dental uniform, and surgical gown and shoes (see section on PPEs below). To reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, given how the disease spreads and the current health crisis, the following prevention measures are suggested in addition to what is already generally performed: abstract: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China, and the etiological agent of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). This infection spreads mainly through direct contact with Flügge micro droplets or core droplets that remain suspended as aerosol. Moreover, it has been reported that infected subjects, both with and without clinical signs of COVID-19, can transmit the virus. Since the infection typically enters through mouth, nose, and eyes, dentistry is one of the medical practices at highest risk of infection due to the frequent production of aerosol and the constant presence of saliva. The World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested that only emergency/urgent procedures should be performed during the coronavirus outbreak. Considering the virus’ route of transmission, a specific protocol should be applied to reduce the risk of infection in addition to measures that prevent the spread of infection from a patient to another person or medical tools and equipment (cross-infection). This protocol should be implemented by modifying both patient management and clinical practice, introducing particular devices and organizational practices. This paper aims to discuss and suggest the most appropriate procedures in every aspect of dental practice to reduce infection risk. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093067 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093067 id: cord-271853-wexe9gq0 author: Lu, Quan title: Social Policy Responses to the Covid-19 Crisis in China in 2020 date: 2020-08-14 words: 8434.0 sentences: 338.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-271853-wexe9gq0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-271853-wexe9gq0.txt summary: The central government has played a proactive role by issuing a number of key policies in the field of social security, effectively relieving the anxiety of patients infected with Covid-19 and their families from the financial burden of medical treatment, and also fully mobilizing social resources to effectively support the resumption of work and production. Therefore, this article will specifically analyze how different types of current social security programs have responded to the outbreak and the outcome of the pandemic-related crisis and highlight the However, interventions through social protection policy and questions that must be reconsidered in relation to disease-related crises have been largely neglected in academic research. Effective medical security measures, mainly medical social insurance, were taken in a timely manner during the Covid-19 crisis in China, so that patients and their families are relieved from worrying about treatment costs, specifically: (1) Shortly after the outbreak, the state issued a policy to include drugs and medical services for the treatment of the new coronavirus as part of the payment range for the medical insurance fund. abstract: The 2020 coronavirus pandemic has catapulted China into a serious social and political crisis. This article focuses upon how Chinese social policy has responded to the Covid-19 crisis. It reveals that the Chinese welfare state has woven a comprehensive social safety net to mitigate the social suffering of Chinese society in the mid- and post-crisis periods. Different types of social policy programs have been combined and synthesized, including social insurance, social assistance, and social welfare arrangements. Facing the challenges of the new risks caused by the pandemic, the collaboration of the Chinese state and intermediary social welfare organizations has played a crucial role in providing both cash benefits and social services (benefits in kind). For the first time, social policy in China has acted as a major player for coping with the negative outcomes of a pandemic. This article concludes that the pandemic-related crisis has justified an interventionist approach and logic, driven by the state’s welfare system, which favors a model of “big government”. However, this model also requires justification and legitimation. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165896 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165896 id: cord-264798-s31gncge author: Lu, Tingting title: Exploring the Impacts of Living in a “Green” City on Individual BMI: A Study of Lingang New Town in Shanghai, China date: 2020-09-28 words: 7392.0 sentences: 361.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-264798-s31gncge.txt txt: ./txt/cord-264798-s31gncge.txt summary: This paper aims to examine residents'' health benefits from moving to a brand-new green city-Lingang New Town (LNT)-in Shanghai, thereby providing existing discussions on the relationship between sustainable urban planning and health with a new perspective rooted in housing modes. This paper aims to examine residents'' health benefits from moving to a brand-new green city-Lingang New Town (LNT)-in Shanghai, thereby providing existing discussions on the relationship between sustainable urban planning and health with a new perspective rooted in housing modes. We inspected residents'' perceptions of green space in LNT in seven dimensions that were acknowledged as green space''s key functions in the sustainable urban planning code: exercising, safety, accessibility, social interaction, commerce, public events, and environment quality. We inspected residents'' perceptions of green space in LNT in seven dimensions that were acknowledged as green space''s key functions in the sustainable urban planning code: exercising, safety, accessibility, social interaction, commerce, public events, and environment quality. abstract: Urban planning and design in the 21st century is increasingly focusing on sustainability, illustrated by the proliferation of greener cities. While operational definitions and the actual planning of these cities can vary considerably (e.g., eco cities and low carbon cities), conceptually, at least, these terms overlap, particularly with regard to how they attempt to achieve both greener infrastructural design and healthier human lifestyles. This paper presents the findings of survey-based research carried out within Lingang New Town in Shanghai in 2019. In the cities of the Global North, the interplay between green infrastructural provision and public health has been of interest, especially in the context of social inequalities; however, there is little research from rapidly urbanizing countries where green urbanism is being increasingly promoted. Using this newly constructed example, we identified a clear positive correlation between moving to a green city and the adoption of healthier lifestyles. The structural equation modelling results suggest that behaviors around the use of green space as well as perceptions of different green space have notable impacts on residents’ physical health, measured by body mass index (BMI). The findings further illustrate systemic inequalities among private housing, rental housing and public housing typologies with regard to the distribution of health benefits. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197105 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197105 id: cord-013405-68777jts author: Lu, Wenze title: The Importance of Genuineness in Public Engagement—An Exploratory Study of Pediatric Communication on Social Media in China date: 2020-09-27 words: 8342.0 sentences: 469.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-013405-68777jts.txt txt: ./txt/cord-013405-68777jts.txt summary: This study developed a four-dimension framework including self-disclosure, genuine response, functional interactivity, and genuineness in Chinese culture to investigate the effect of genuineness in the communication of Chinese social media influencers in pediatrics on public engagement. This study is the first to develop an integrated framework to measure genuineness in online health communication and contributes to the understanding of the effect of genuineness on Chinese public engagement in social media. Table 5 summarizes the negative binomial regression results on the sub-dimensions of "self-disclosure", "genuine response", "functional interactivity", "genuineness in Chinese culture" and the number of shares, likes, comments and positive comments. Negative Binomial Regression Results on the Sub-dimensions of "Self-disclosure", "Genuine response", "Functional interactivity", "Genuineness in Chinese Culture" and the Number of Shares, Likes, Comments and Positive Comments. abstract: There is a growing need for the public to interact with pediatricians through social media in China, and genuineness is a crucial factor contributing to effective communication, but few studies have examined the relationship between genuineness and its effect on public engagement. This study developed a four-dimension framework including self-disclosure, genuine response, functional interactivity, and genuineness in Chinese culture to investigate the effect of genuineness in the communication of Chinese social media influencers in pediatrics on public engagement. Content analysis was employed to examine these dimensions and the related public engagement in 300 social media posts on the largest microblogging site in China. The findings indicate that genuine response was positively associated with the number of comments and positive comments, while negatively related to the number of shares. Functional interactivity made the site more appealing, resulting in likes and shares. Genuineness in Chinese culture was reflected in engagement through sharing posts by the public. This study is the first to develop an integrated framework to measure genuineness in online health communication and contributes to the understanding of the effect of genuineness on Chinese public engagement in social media. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7579357/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197078 id: cord-353592-gsvobusu author: Luceño-Moreno, Lourdes title: Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Levels of Resilience and Burnout in Spanish Health Personnel during the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-07-30 words: 7599.0 sentences: 341.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353592-gsvobusu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353592-gsvobusu.txt summary: Due to the importance of understanding how the disease affects these professionals, the researchers of this study collected information related to demographic variables, associated with the job, changes of residence, possible contact with people during work, COVID-19 tests, hospitalization, isolation, protective equipment, concern over becoming infected, concern that a family member and/or someone with whom they are living may be infected. Finally, linear regression models were used to see which variables (demographic, work, COVID-19, burnout and resilience) were jointly related to symptoms of posttraumatic stress, anxiety and depression. Analyses were carried out to evaluate the proportion of health care cases with symptoms associated with possible posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression and burnout at their different severity levels. This research aimed to assess the symptoms of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, depression, burnout and resilience in Spanish health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. abstract: The number of health workers infected with COVID-19 in Spain is one of the highest in the world. The aim of this study is to analyse posttraumatic stress, anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Associations between burnout, resilience, demographic, work and COVID-19 variables are analysed. Cross-sectional data on 1422 health workers were analysed. A total of 56.6% of health workers present symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, 58.6% anxiety disorder, 46% depressive disorder and 41.1% feel emotionally drained. The profile of a health worker with greater posttraumatic stress symptoms would be a person who works in the Autonomous Community of Madrid, in a hospital, is a woman, is concerned that a person he/she lives with may be infected, and thinks that he/she is very likely to be infected. The risk variables for anxiety and depression would be a person that is a woman, working 12- or 24-h shifts, and being worried that a family member could be infected. High scores on emotional exhaustion and depersonalization are risk factors for mental health, with resilience and personal fulfilment being protective variables. Data are provided to improve preventive measures for occupational health workers. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32751624/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155514 id: cord-332387-rmmmhrjy author: Ma, Chang-Jin title: Air Quality Variation in Wuhan, Daegu, and Tokyo during the Explosive Outbreak of COVID-19 and Its Health Effects date: 2020-06-09 words: 6582.0 sentences: 388.0 pages: flesch: 67.0 cache: ./cache/cord-332387-rmmmhrjy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-332387-rmmmhrjy.txt summary: This study was designed to assess the variation of the air quality actually measured from the air pollution monitoring stations (AQMS) in three cities (Wuhan, Daegu, and Tokyo), in Asian countries experiencing the explosive outbreak of COVID-19, in a short period of time. Wuhan, which had the largest decrease of PM(2.5) concentration due to COVID-19, also marked the largest reduced Dose(PM)(2.5 10-year-old children) (μg) (3660 μg at Br. and 6222 μg at AI), followed by Daegu (445 μg at Br. and 1287 μg at AI), and Tokyo (18 μg at Br. and 52 μg at AI), over two months after the city lockdown/self-reflection. In this study, the air quality variation with the trend of COVID-19 at Wuhan in China, Daegu in South Korea, and Tokyo in Japan experienced explosive outbreaks in a short period of time, which was estimated based on the actual measured data from air pollution monitoring stations (AQMS). abstract: This study was designed to assess the variation of the air quality actually measured from the air pollution monitoring stations (AQMS) in three cities (Wuhan, Daegu, and Tokyo), in Asian countries experiencing the explosive outbreak of COVID-19, in a short period of time. In addition, we made a new attempt to calculate the reduced Dose(PM)(2.5) (μg) at the bronchiolar (Br.) and alveolar-interstitial (AI) regions of the 10-year-old children after the city lockdown/self-reflection of each city. A comparison of the average PM(2.5) of a month before and after the lockdown (Wuhan) and self-reflection (Daegu and Tokyo) clearly shows that the PM(2.5) concentration was decreased by 29.9, 20.9, and 3.6% in Wuhan, Daegu and Tokyo, respectively. Wuhan, Daegu and Tokyo also recorded 53.2, 19.0, and 10.4% falls of NO(2) concentration, respectively. Wuhan, which had the largest decrease of PM(2.5) concentration due to COVID-19, also marked the largest reduced Dose(PM)(2.5 10-year-old children) (μg) (3660 μg at Br. and 6222 μg at AI), followed by Daegu (445 μg at Br. and 1287 μg at AI), and Tokyo (18 μg at Br. and 52 μg at AI), over two months after the city lockdown/self-reflection. Our results suggest that the city lockdown/self-reflection had the effect of lowering the concentration of PM(2.5), resulting in an extension of the period it took to the acute allergic airway inflammation (AAI) for the 10-year-old children. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114119 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17114119 id: cord-355513-vgs96w3b author: Ma, Rongyang title: Effects of Health Information Dissemination on User Follows and Likes during COVID-19 Outbreak in China: Data and Content Analysis date: 2020-07-14 words: 6045.0 sentences: 429.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-355513-vgs96w3b.txt txt: ./txt/cord-355513-vgs96w3b.txt summary: title: Effects of Health Information Dissemination on User Follows and Likes during COVID-19 Outbreak in China: Data and Content Analysis Results: For nonmedical institution accounts in the model, report and story types of articles had positive effects on users'' following behaviors. In this work, we aimed to determine whether and how health information dissemination affected users'' information behavior in terms of following an account and liking a post. We chose the number of different types of articles and the aggregated number of headlines on NCP posted on the selected accounts in a 7-day period as independent variables (a total of seven) to denote the health information source and reflect the dissemination state. We want to explore whether information conveyed in each type of articles posted on WeChat can play the role, impacting users'' following and liking behavior. abstract: Background: COVID-19 has greatly attacked China, spreading in the whole world. Articles were posted on many official WeChat accounts to transmit health information about this pandemic. The public also sought related information via social media more frequently. However, little is known about what kinds of information satisfy them better. This study aimed to explore the characteristics of health information dissemination that affected users’ information behavior on WeChat. Methods: Two-wave data were collected from the top 200 WeChat official accounts on the Xigua website. The data included the change in the number of followers and the total number of likes on each account in a 7-day period, as well as the number of each type of article and headlines about coronavirus. It was used to developed regression models and conduct content analysis to figure out information characteristics in quantity and content. Results: For nonmedical institution accounts in the model, report and story types of articles had positive effects on users’ following behaviors. The number of headlines on coronavirus positively impacts liking behaviors. For medical institution accounts, report and science types had a positive effect, too. In the content analysis, several common characteristics were identified. Conclusions: Characteristics in terms of the quantity and content in health information dissemination contribute to users’ information behavior. In terms of the content in the headlines, via coding and word frequency analysis, organizational structure, multimedia applications, and instructions—the common dimension in different articles—composed the common features in information that impacted users’ liking behaviors. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145081 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145081 id: cord-263518-6puccigu author: Maarefvand, Masoomeh title: Coronavirus Outbreak and Stress in Iranians date: 2020-06-20 words: 4918.0 sentences: 228.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-263518-6puccigu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-263518-6puccigu.txt summary: A 54-item, valid, and reliable questionnaire, including items on demographic characteristics and past medical history, stress levels, awareness about signs and symptoms of COVID-19, knowledge about at-risk groups and prevention methods, knowledge about transmission methods, trust in sources of information, and availability of facemasks and sanitizers, was deployed via social and mass media networks. The questionnaire included items about demographic characteristics and past medical history, stress levels, awareness about signs and symptoms of COVID-19, awareness about at-risk groups, knowledge about COVID-19 transmission methods, knowledge about effective COVID-19 prevention methods, awareness of the lack of a vaccine to prevent COVID-19, trust in information sources about COVID-19, and availability of facemasks and sanitizers. Demographic variables (including gender, age, employment, education, province, awareness of no approved vaccine for COVID-19, background disease), knowledge about transmission and prevention methods, awareness about signs and symptoms and at-risk groups, and trust in sources of information about COVID-19 were individually entered in the univariate models. abstract: Iran has faced one of the worst COVID-19 outbreaks in the world, and no studies to date have examined COVID-19-related stress in the general Iranian population. In this first population-based study, a web-based survey was conducted during the peak of the outbreak to assess stress and its correlates in the Iranian population. A 54-item, valid, and reliable questionnaire, including items on demographic characteristics and past medical history, stress levels, awareness about signs and symptoms of COVID-19, knowledge about at-risk groups and prevention methods, knowledge about transmission methods, trust in sources of information, and availability of facemasks and sanitizers, was deployed via social and mass media networks. A total of 3787 Iranians participated in the study where the majority of the participants were females (67.4%), employed (56.1%), from developed provinces (81.6%), without chronic diseases (66.6%), and with ≥13 years of formal education (87.9%). The mean age of study participants was 34.9 years (range = 12–73), and the average stress score was 3.33 (SD = ±1.02). Stress score was significantly higher for females, those who were 30–39 years old, housewives, those with chronic diseases, individuals who were aware that there is no vaccine to prevent COVID-19, those who could not get facemasks or sanitizers, and individuals with higher knowledge about at-risk groups (p < 0.05). There was a significant correlation of stress scores with knowledge about prevention methods for COVID-19 (r = 0.21, p = 0.01) and trust in sources of information about COVID-19 (r = −0.18, p = 0.01). All of the predictors, except knowledge of two important at-risk groups and education, had a significant effect on stress scores based on a multivariate regression model. The COVID-19 outbreak could increase stress among all population groups, with certain groups at higher risk. In the high-risk groups and based on experience with previous pandemics, interventions are needed to prevent long-term psychological effects. Professional support and family-centered programs should be a part of pandemic mitigation-related policymaking and public health practices. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32575763/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124441 id: cord-324092-ertcvh8x author: Madani, Azzeddine title: The Psychological Impact of Confinement Linked to the Coronavirus Epidemic COVID-19 in Algeria date: 2020-05-21 words: 5173.0 sentences: 175.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-324092-ertcvh8x.txt txt: ./txt/cord-324092-ertcvh8x.txt summary: Our study aims to study the psychological impact of total and partial containment applied in Algeria, on 23 March 2020, following the spread of the virus COVID-19 and also studied the habits and behaviors of the Algerian population during this new way of life and this through a cross-sectional survey launched after three days from the start of confinement to quickly assess the impacts over the period from 23 March to 12 April 2020, by an online questionnaire which allowed us to obtain 678 responses from Internet users, who live in confinement in Algeria. The results obtained show the impacts of confinement during the first total and partial confinement operations of the coronavirus epidemic COVID-19 in Algeria on certain habits of the daily life of citizens, where we note a high rate of hand washing during the day, since 51.77% of the study sample reported washing their hands up to 10 times a day, and 36.73% of the population washed their hands between 10 and 20 times a day. abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread in countries around the world. The impact of this virus is very great on populations following the application of total and partial containment measures. Our study aims to study the psychological impact of total and partial containment applied in Algeria, on 23 March 2020, following the spread of the virus COVID-19 and also studied the habits and behaviors of the Algerian population during this new way of life and this through a cross-sectional survey launched after three days from the start of confinement to quickly assess the impacts over the period from 23 March to 12 April 2020, by an online questionnaire which allowed us to obtain 678 responses from Internet users, who live in confinement in Algeria. According to the gender variable, our sample includes 405 men, or 59.7%, and 273 women, representing 40.3%. The results of the statistical analysis carried out using SPSS version 22.0 software showed that 50.3% of the respondents were in an anxious situation during these first three weeks of confinement. In addition, 48.2% feels stressed, 46.6% of the respondents confirmed to be feeling in a bad mood, and 47.4% do not stop thinking throughout the day about this epidemic and how to protect themselves. In addition, the study shows that 87.9% of the respondents in Algeria found it difficult to follow the confinement instructions. A significant change in the habits of the population was noted especially for the time of going to bed, the time of waking up, and the use of the Internet as well as the hours devoted to daily reading. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103604 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103604 id: cord-271736-29oavyc4 author: Madden, Rosamond H. title: Disability-Related Questions for Administrative Datasets date: 2020-07-28 words: 8075.0 sentences: 389.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-271736-29oavyc4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-271736-29oavyc4.txt summary: To identify key concepts for inclusion in disability-related questions, we examined 10 instruments of potential significance and relevance to disability data collection and measurement in the NSW public sector with reference to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) [12] . The key concepts and terms identified in Stage 1 were used in different combinations, to draft five D questions (designed to identify employees with disability) and five E questions (designed to identify environmental factors that can facilitate, or act as barriers to, full and effective workplace participation); these questions were tested in focus groups with NSW public sector employees (Supplementary S1). The use of the word "disability" in the questions appears to exclude some people from responding, e.g., those with functioning difficulties arising from long term health conditions; this is the balance of evidence from the online survey statistics, text responses, and focus group results. abstract: High rates of unemployment among people with disability are long-standing and persistent problems worldwide. For public policy, estimates of prevalence and population profiles are required for designing support schemes such as Australia’s National Disability Insurance Scheme; for monitoring implementation of the United Nations Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities; and for monitoring service access, participation, and equity for people with disability in mainstream systems including employment. In the public sector, creating a succinct identifier for disability in administrative systems is a key challenge for public policy design and monitoring. This requires concise methods of identifying people with disability within systems, producing data comparable with population data to gauge accessibility and equity. We aimed to create disability-related questions of value to the purposes of an Australian state and contribute to literature on parsimonious and respectful disability identification for wider application. The research, completed in 2017, involved mapping and identification of key disability concepts for inclusion in new questions, focus groups to refine wording of new questions, and online surveys of employees evaluating two potential new question sets on the topic of disability and environment. Recommendations for new disability-related questions and possible new data collection processes are being considered and used by the leading state authority. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32731541/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155435 id: cord-285223-07o9irev author: Malik, Usman Rashid title: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Healthcare Professionals on COVID-19 and Risk Assessment to Prevent the Epidemic Spread: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study from Punjab, Pakistan date: 2020-09-02 words: 4795.0 sentences: 237.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-285223-07o9irev.txt txt: ./txt/cord-285223-07o9irev.txt summary: title: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Healthcare Professionals on COVID-19 and Risk Assessment to Prevent the Epidemic Spread: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study from Punjab, Pakistan A 39-itemed questionnaire based on the World Health Organization (WHO)COVID-19 risk assessment tool was shared with healthcare professionals in three purposively selected key divisions of Punjab province. Avoiding cross-infection from patients along with effective care delivery can be achieved if the healthcare professionals, including physicians, pharmacists, nurses, and other medical staff, have sufficient knowledge, a positive attitude, and better practices about COVID-19. A recent study reported the deficiencies in the awareness and preparedness of medical professionals regarding COVID-19 in Pakistan and demonstrated that frontline health workers were not well-prepared to prevent and control the infection [14] . A cross-sectional study to examine the knowledge, attitude, practices, and risk assessment of HCPs regarding coronavirus and its associated disease (COVID-19) was conducted. abstract: In the current outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19), healthcare professionals (HCPs) have a primary role in combating the epidemic threat. HCPs are at high risk of not only contracting the infection but also spreading it unknowingly. It is of utmost importance to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and the ability to assess the risks associated with the outbreak. A cross-sectional online survey involving physicians, pharmacists, and nurses was conducted. A 39-itemed questionnaire based on the World Health Organization (WHO)COVID-19 risk assessment tool was shared with healthcare professionals in three purposively selected key divisions of Punjab province. Out of 500 healthcare professionals, 385 responded to the survey. The majority (70%) were aged 22–29 years; 144 (37.4%) physicians, 113 (29.4%) nurses, and 128 (33.2%) pharmacists completed the survey. Overall, 94.8% of healthcare professionals scored adequately (>14) for COVID-19-related knowledge; 97.9% displayed an optimistic attitude (>42) and 94.5% had an adequate practice score (>28). Kruskal–Wallis and Jonckheere–Terpstra tests showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in KAP and risk assessment scores among groups; physicians and nurses scored higher as compared to pharmacists. Further research and follow-up investigations on disaster management and risk assessment can help policy-makers better tackle future epidemics. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32887410/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176395 id: cord-253000-nwbmxepi author: Margină, Denisa title: Chronic Inflammation in the Context of Everyday Life: Dietary Changes as Mitigating Factors date: 2020-06-10 words: 8273.0 sentences: 424.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt summary: Fasting in combination with calorie restriction modulates molecular mechanisms such as m-TOR, FOXO, NRF2, AMPK, and sirtuins, ultimately leads to significantly reduced inflammatory marker levels, as well as improved metabolic markers. It has been found that intermittent fasting can prevent and reverse all aspects of metabolic syndrome in rodents: body fat, inflammation, and blood pressure are reduced; insulin sensitivity is increased; and the functional capacity of the neuromuscular and cardiovascular systems are improved [151] [152] [153] . In another study, which used the same fasting guidelines, improved metabolic markers were observed after periodic fasting, including a decrease in blood glucose levels associated with changes in gut microbiome composition [73] . These changes include increased fiber and polyphenol intake compared to the current western diets, but also well-structured, personalized fasting protocols, which can reduce the risk of metabolic disorders (Figure 3) . abstract: The lifestyle adopted by most people in Western societies has an important impact on the propensity to metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases). This is often accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation, driven by the activation of various molecular pathways such as STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), IKK (IκB kinase), MMP9 (matrix metallopeptidase 9), MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinases), COX2 (cyclooxigenase 2), and NF-Kβ (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells). Multiple intervention studies have demonstrated that lifestyle changes can lead to reduced inflammation and improved health. This can be linked to the concept of real-life risk simulation, since humans are continuously exposed to dietary factors in small doses and complex combinations (e.g., polyphenols, fibers, polyunsaturated fatty acids, etc.). Inflammation biomarkers improve in patients who consume a certain amount of fiber per day; some even losing weight. Fasting in combination with calorie restriction modulates molecular mechanisms such as m-TOR, FOXO, NRF2, AMPK, and sirtuins, ultimately leads to significantly reduced inflammatory marker levels, as well as improved metabolic markers. Moving toward healthier dietary habits at the individual level and in publicly-funded institutions, such as schools or hospitals, could help improving public health, reducing healthcare costs and improving community resilience to epidemics (such as COVID-19), which predominantly affects individuals with metabolic diseases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32531935/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17114135 id: cord-350006-c4be9eii author: Martina, Stefano title: The Perception of COVID-19 among Italian Dentists: An Orthodontic Point of View date: 2020-06-18 words: 3947.0 sentences: 186.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-350006-c4be9eii.txt txt: ./txt/cord-350006-c4be9eii.txt summary: An online questionnaire, including the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), was sent to Italian dentists during the final days of the lockdown with items about anxiety, fear, distress, perceived risk for operators, and concerns about orthodontic patients caused by working during the COVID-19 outbreak. The questionnaire was comprised of 31 multiple-choice questions: 5 questions were about personal data (gender, age, region of residence); 4 were on symptoms of COVID-19; 7 were about the perceived risk for operators during orthodontic procedures, anxiety and distress caused by working during the COVID-19 outbreak; 6 were about the fears for an infection and the concerns regarding orthodontic and Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) patients whose treatment has been suspended due to the epidemic; 5 were about emergencies and changes in clinical procedures and work organization as a result of the COVID-19. abstract: COVID-19 has severely impacted dentists, who are at a great risk of infection. This study aimed to investigate if dentists are anxious about returning to their daily activities, and what the perception of the risk is for dentists and orthodontists regarding orthodontic procedures. An online questionnaire, including the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), was sent to Italian dentists during the final days of the lockdown with items about anxiety, fear, distress, perceived risk for operators, and concerns about orthodontic patients caused by working during the COVID-19 outbreak. Data were analyzed with a chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. The level of significance was set as p < 0.05. A total of 349 dentists completed the survey, including 183 orthodontists. Returning to their daily work activity was a source of anxiety for 192 participants and this was associated with the level of distress (odds ratio (OR) = 3.7; p < 0.001). Most of the orthodontists (67.6%) thought that they would increase the number of working hours during the week (OR = 1.8; p = 0.007). Italian dentists were mostly scared to return to their daily activities because they considered their jobs a high risk to them and their families. Dentists with an exclusive/prevailing orthodontic activity were forced to increase their working day during the week. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32570842/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124384 id: cord-349313-2gupfqnl author: Martinez-Perez, Clara title: Citation Network Analysis of the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) date: 2020-10-21 words: 7148.0 sentences: 437.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-349313-2gupfqnl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-349313-2gupfqnl.txt summary: This study aims to analyze the relationship between different publications and their authors through citation networks, as well as to identify the research areas and determine which publication has been the most cited. Methods: The search for publications was carried out through the Web of Science database using terms such as "COVID-19" and "SARS-CoV-2" for the period between January and July 2020. The search of publications was carried out using the Web of Science (WOS) database with the following search terms: "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2", "The Coronavirus Disease 2019" and "Corona Virus Disease 2019". Moreover, the most common keywords used in Chinese journals were "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2", "Prevention and control", "Traditional Chinese Medicine", "Computed tomography", "Epidemic", "Public health", "MERS", "Pneumonia" and "Male". In this group, the different articles analyze the viral transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the most frequent symptoms (fever, cough, diarrhea, etc.) and experimental treatment methods such as chloroquine phosphate (Figure 7 ). abstract: Background: The first outbreaks of the new coronavirus disease, named COVID-19, occurred at the end of December 2019. This disease spread quickly around the world, with the United States, Brazil and Mexico being the countries the most severely affected. This study aims to analyze the relationship between different publications and their authors through citation networks, as well as to identify the research areas and determine which publication has been the most cited. Methods: The search for publications was carried out through the Web of Science database using terms such as “COVID-19” and “SARS-CoV-2” for the period between January and July 2020. The Citation Network Explorer software was used for publication analysis. Results: A total of 14,335 publications were found with 42,374 citations generated in the network, with June being the month with the largest number of publications. The most cited publication was “Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China” by Guan et al., published in April 2020. Nine groups comprising different research areas in this field, including clinical course, psychology, treatment and epidemiology, were found using the clustering functionality. Conclusions: The citation network offers an objective and comprehensive analysis of the main papers on COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33096796/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207690 id: cord-003640-psnec2qp author: Mbareche, Hamza title: Bioaerosols Play a Major Role in the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota Content in Agricultural Environment date: 2019-04-16 words: 10135.0 sentences: 522.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-003640-psnec2qp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-003640-psnec2qp.txt summary: Results: A multivariate analysis showed air samples and nasopharyngeal flora of pig workers cluster together, compared to the non-exposed control group. An ecological analysis was conducted to reveal the variation in the community composition between the three sample groups (nasopharynx of pig farmers and non-exposed controls and air from pig farms). Given the observed difference in the number of bacterial OTUs, evenness, and evolutionary distance (alpha diversity) and in the bacterial community composition (beta diversity) in samples of the nasopharyngeal flora of farmers and non-exposed individuals and bioaerosols, collected in pig buildings, the next step was to reveal the taxonomic profiles of the three groups. Given the observed difference in the number of bacterial OTUs, evenness, and evolutionary distance (alpha diversity) and in the bacterial community composition (beta diversity) in samples of the nasopharyngeal flora of farmers and non-exposed individuals and bioaerosols, collected in pig buildings, the next step was to reveal the taxonomic profiles of the three groups. abstract: Background: Bioaerosols are a major concern for public health and sampling for exposure assessment purposes is challenging. The nasopharyngeal region could be a potent carrier of long-term bioaerosol exposure agents. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between nasopharyngeal bacterial flora of swine workers and the swine barns bioaerosol biodiversity. Methods: Air samples from eight swine barns as well as nasopharyngeal swabs from pig workers (n = 25) and from a non-exposed control group (n = 29) were sequenced using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. Wastewater treatment plants were used as the industrial, low-dust, non-agricultural environment control to validate the microbial link between the bioaerosol content (air) and the nasopharynxes of workers. Results: A multivariate analysis showed air samples and nasopharyngeal flora of pig workers cluster together, compared to the non-exposed control group. The significance was confirmed with the PERMANOVA statistical test (p-value of 0.0001). Unlike the farm environment, nasopharynx samples from wastewater workers did not cluster with air samples from wastewater treatment plants. The difference in the microbial community of nasopharynx of swine workers and a control group suggest that swine workers are carriers of germs found in bioaerosols. Conclusion: Nasopharynx sampling and microbiota could be used as a proxy of air sampling for exposure assessment studies or for the determination of exposure markers in highly contaminated agricultural environments. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6518280/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph16081375 id: cord-340545-mgq3a4t9 author: Mead, Darryl title: Aligning the “Manifesto for a European Research Network into Problematic Usage of the Internet” with the Diverse Needs of the Professional and Consumer Communities Affected by Problematic Usage of Pornography date: 2020-05-15 words: 10514.0 sentences: 544.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-340545-mgq3a4t9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-340545-mgq3a4t9.txt summary: This paper uses the Manifesto''s framework to suggest research areas into the problematic usage of pornography which are of particular relevance to clinicians and other professionals working in the field who want to develop approaches to assist individuals and target groups affected by PUP. The clinical aspects of some Internet-related behaviours appear phenomenologically much like addiction (e.g., gambling or viewing pornography), and demonstrate impaired control (unsuccessful attempts to reduce or cease the behaviour), preoccupation (craving), associated functional impairment ( For problematic online sexual behaviour (e.g., cybersex), three structural elements have been highlighted as being important contributors per the so-termed Triple A Model involving: accessibility, affordability, and anonymity (Cooper, 1998; Cooper et al., 1999) , though more research is needed on this topic (Brand et al., 2016a; Wery and Billieux, 2017) . This paper sets out to determine "what topics should be included within future research proposals under the Manifesto to meet the diverse needs of consumers, recovery communities and professionals impacted by the problematic use of pornography"? abstract: The Manifesto for a European research network into Problematic Usage of the Internet was published in May 2018. It was written from the perspective of the COST Action Network, a programme of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology CA16207 and is expected to have significant influence on research funding priorities over the next decade. The Manifesto identified nine key research priorities to advance understanding in the field. Our analysis shows that while at the most general level it identified problematic usage of pornography (PUP) as a key research priority, it then barely mentioned it again within the body of the report. This paper uses the Manifesto’s framework to suggest research areas into the problematic usage of pornography which are of particular relevance to clinicians and other professionals working in the field who want to develop approaches to assist individuals and target groups affected by PUP. It also looks at potential research opportunities inspired by the lived-experience of users withdrawing from PUP. A large number of opportunities are identified for new work on PUP across all nine key research areas of the Manifesto. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32429206/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103462 id: cord-275711-ejw3ausf author: Mon-López, Daniel title: The Impact of Covid-19 and the Effect of Psychological Factors on Training Conditions of Handball Players date: 2020-09-05 words: 5819.0 sentences: 291.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-275711-ejw3ausf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-275711-ejw3ausf.txt summary: This study is one of the first to analyse the impact of the isolation period caused by COVID-19 on the training (intensity and volume) and recovery conditions (quantity and quality of sleep) of professional and non-professional handball players according to the influence of transitory psychological factors (moods) and personality trait (emotional intelligence and resilience). Based on the results yielded: (i) training and recovery conditions of the handball players were modified during the isolation period, reducing the intensity-RPE (in the whole sample), volume-Tdays and Thours (especially in professional female handball players) and sleep quality-Squality (especially in professional male handball players) and increasing sleep hours-Shours (especially in non-professional female players); and (ii) the psychological factors analysed (mood, emotional intelligence, and resilience) had an impact on training and recovery conditions, except for sleep quantity, during the Covid-19 lockdown. abstract: The spread of COVID-19 has altered sport in Spain, forcing athletes to train at home. The objectives of the study were: (i) to compare training and recovery conditions before and during the isolation period in handball players according to gender and competitive level, and (ii) to analyse the impact of psychological factors during the isolation period. A total of 187 participants (66 women and 121 men) answered a Google Forms questionnaire about demographics, training, moods, emotional intelligence, and resilience sent using the snowball sampling technique. T-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare sport level and gender differences. Linear regressions were used to analyse the psychological influence on training. Handball players reduced training intensity (in the whole sample; p = 0.44), training volume (especially in professional female handball players; p < 0.001), and sleep quality (especially in professional male handball players; p = 0.21) and increased sleep hours (especially in non-professional female players; p = 0.006) during the isolation period. Furthermore, psychological factors affected all evaluated training and recovery conditions during the quarantine, except for sleep quantity. Mood, emotional intelligence, and resilience have an influence on physical activity levels and recovery conditions. In addition, training components were modified under isolation conditions at p < 0.001. We conclude that the COVID-19 isolation period caused reductions in training volume and intensity and decreased sleep quality. Furthermore, psychological components have a significant impact on training and recovery conditions. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32899526/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186471 id: cord-339324-ab0ecwvw author: Moret-Tatay, Carmen title: Profiles on the Orientation Discrimination Processing of Human Faces date: 2020-08-10 words: 4547.0 sentences: 264.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-339324-ab0ecwvw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-339324-ab0ecwvw.txt summary: For example, studies have developed dendrograms from the hierarchy clustering analysis based on the strength of functional connectivity among the face-selective specified regions of interest (or ROI''s) when the participants performed a face recognition task [39] . For example, studies have developed dendrograms from the hierarchy clustering analysis based on the strength of functional connectivity among the face-selective specified regions of interest (or ROI''s) when the participants performed a face recognition task [39] . The results can be described as follows: first, it is possible to identify performance profiles in visual recognition of faces that differ in position in terms of reaction times, not accuracy; secondly, results suggest a bias towards the left. The results can be described as follows: first, it is possible to identify performance profiles in visual recognition of faces that differ in position in terms of reaction times, not accuracy; secondly, results suggest a bias towards the left. abstract: Face recognition is a crucial subject for public health, as socialization is one of the main characteristics for full citizenship. However, good recognizers would be distinguished, not only by the number of faces they discriminate but also by the number of rejected stimuli as unfamiliar. When it comes to face recognition, it is important to remember that position, to some extent, would not entail a high cognitive cost, unlike other processes in similar areas of the brain. The aim of this paper was to examine participant’s recognition profiles according to face position. For this reason, a recognition task was carried out by employing the Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces. Reaction times and accuracy were employed as dependent variables and a cluster analysis was carried out. A total of two profiles were identified in participants’ performance, which differ in position in terms of reaction times but not accuracy. The results can be described as follows: first, it is possible to identify performance profiles in visual recognition of faces that differ in position in terms of reaction times, not accuracy; secondly, results suggest a bias towards the left. At the applied level, this could be of interest with a view to conducting training programs in face recognition. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165772 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165772 id: cord-356156-jjdkwalk author: Moretti, Antimo title: Characterization of Home Working Population during COVID-19 Emergency: A Cross-Sectional Analysis date: 2020-08-28 words: 4096.0 sentences: 227.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-356156-jjdkwalk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-356156-jjdkwalk.txt summary: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the impact of home working on perceived job productivity and satisfaction, work-related stress, and musculoskeletal (MSK) issues. Depending on our data, the home environment seems to be not adequate in the mobile worker population, with an increased risk for mental health and MSK problems, particularly affecting the spine. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of home working on job satisfaction, occupational stress, perceived productivity, and MSK issues. We characterized a population of mobile workers in terms of work-related outcomes, such as perceived productivity and job satisfaction, and onset or changes of previous MSK disorders, particularly LBP and neck pain. Concerning physical health issues related to remote working, increased sedentariness and poor posture due to the use of non-ergonomic equipment in our population seemed to promote the onset of MSK disorders, particularly LBP and neck pain. abstract: Evidence about the characterization of home workers in terms of both work-related outcomes and health issues is lacking. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the impact of home working on perceived job productivity and satisfaction, work-related stress, and musculoskeletal (MSK) issues. We included 51 mobile workers, collecting data about demographic characteristics, working experience, job productivity, and stress. Job satisfaction was assessed through the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), while MSK pain was investigated by the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ). Moreover, a home workplace analysis had to be carried out according to current Italian regulations. Participants declared that they were less productive (39.2%) but less stressed (39.2%) and equally satisfied (51%) compared to the time of office working. Regarding MSK disorders, low back pain (LBP) was referred by 41.2% of home workers and neck pain by 23.5% of them. Neck pain worsened in 50% of home workers, while LBP did not exacerbate in 47.6% of cases. Home workers with MSK pain reported a lower job satisfaction. Depending on our data, the home environment seems to be not adequate in the mobile worker population, with an increased risk for mental health and MSK problems, particularly affecting the spine. Addressing these issues can significantly reduce risks for health, thus, improving job productivity and satisfaction and reducing cost. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32872321/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176284 id: cord-255602-3pzh5ur9 author: Moscadelli, Andrea title: Fake News and Covid-19 in Italy: Results of a Quantitative Observational Study date: 2020-08-12 words: 4590.0 sentences: 213.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-255602-3pzh5ur9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-255602-3pzh5ur9.txt summary: We used the BuzzSumo application to gather the most shared links on the Internet related to the pandemic in Italy, using keywords chosen according to the most frequent "fake news" during that period. We used the BuzzSumo pplication [38] in order to gather the most shared links or posts on the Internet and social media related to SARS-CoV-2 and the Covid-19 pandemic. The 9 keywords were chosen in a consensus meeting of the research group, since they were the most likely to uncover health-related false information using the BuzzSumo search engine, and specifically fake news that would not meet our exclusion criteria. An article was immediately excluded when the content did not deal specifically with health or science, i.e., the focus may have been on the socioeconomic consequences of the pandemic, which was a topic we excluded from our fake news review. abstract: During the Covid-19 pandemic, risk communication has often been ineffective, and from this perspective “fake news” has found fertile ground, both as a cause and a consequence of it. The aim of this study is to measure how much “fake news” and corresponding verified news have circulated in Italy in the period between 31 December 2019 and 30 April 2020, and to estimate the quality of informal and formal communication. We used the BuzzSumo application to gather the most shared links on the Internet related to the pandemic in Italy, using keywords chosen according to the most frequent “fake news” during that period. For each research we noted the numbers of “fake news” articles and science-based news articles, as well as the number of engagements. We reviewed 2102 articles. Links that contained fake news were shared 2,352,585 times, accounting for 23.1% of the total shares of all the articles reviewed. Our study throws light on the “fake news” phenomenon in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. A quantitative assessment is fundamental in order to understand the impact of false information and to define political and technical interventions in health communication. Starting from this evaluation, health literacy should be improved by means of specific interventions in order to improve informal and formal communication. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32806772/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165850 id: cord-317449-xjo6r6yc author: Mota, Gustavo R. title: Is It High Time to Increase Elite Soccer Substitutions Permanently? date: 2020-09-25 words: 4187.0 sentences: 209.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-317449-xjo6r6yc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-317449-xjo6r6yc.txt summary: Data from the elite team sports'' rules (e.g., absolute and relative court dimensions; the number of players, substitutions allowed, total game time, time-outs) were collected, including the changes due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in soccer substitutions, and comparisons were performed. There is no research regarding a deep investigation on the impact of potential rule-induced physical demands in soccer (e.g., area per player and fewer substitutes forced by the law of the game), and none comparing different sports in this context. This study shows for the first time that elite soccer presents remarkably higher overall rule-induced physical demands than futsal, basketball, and handball, and increasing elite soccer substitutions permanently (e.g., unlimited) might mitigate the overall soccer demands. We conclude that elite soccer has remarkably higher overall rule-induced physical demands than futsal, basketball, and handball, even acknowledging the change in substitutions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. abstract: Rules determine how team sport matches occur. Match-induced fatigue is specific to each sport, and may be associated with injury incidence. For example, the injury rate in soccer is distinctly higher during matches than in training sessions. Understanding the differences between team sports rules might be useful for enhancing rules (e.g., safer sport). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of the rule-induced physical demands between soccer, futsal, basketball, and handball, focusing on substitution rules. Data from the elite team sports’ rules (e.g., absolute and relative court dimensions; the number of players, substitutions allowed, total game time, time-outs) were collected, including the changes due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in soccer substitutions, and comparisons were performed. The data showed that soccer has higher rule-induced physical demands: e.g., substantially lower substitution rate, higher dimensions in absolute (eight to fifteen times), and relative (four to eight times) values. Simulations also showed that soccer has extremely large differences, even considering COVID-19 substitution changes (from three to up to five). We conclude that elite soccer has remarkably higher overall rule-induced physical demands than elite futsal, basketball and handball, and increasing soccer substitutions permanently (e.g., unlimited) might mitigate overall soccer demands. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197008 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197008 id: cord-256636-z14anp3h author: Muennig, Peter title: Determining the Optimal Outcome Measures for Studying the Social Determinants of Health date: 2020-04-27 words: 5688.0 sentences: 266.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-256636-z14anp3h.txt txt: ./txt/cord-256636-z14anp3h.txt summary: In this paper, we describe a case study in which leading global experts systematically: (1) developed a conceptual model that outlines the potential pathways through which a social policy influences health, (2) fits outcome measures to this conceptual model, and (3) estimates an optimal time frame for collection of the selected outcome measures. The treatment group is offered three years of employment coaching that uses an explicit methodology for helping participants set and achieve goals across four domains (employment, education/training, financial management, and personal and family wellbeing) with an explicit focus on identifying and addressing "executive function" challenges that get in the way of goal-achievement in these domains [30] . The initial conceptual model for MyGoals for Healthy Aging (Figure 2 ) was simply drawn out by a handful of experts in the social determinants of health. The initial conceptual model for MyGoals for Healthy Aging (Figure 2 ) was simply drawn out by a handful of experts in the social determinants of health. abstract: Americans have significantly poorer health outcomes and shorter longevity than citizens of other industrialized nations. Poverty is a major driver of these poor health outcomes in the United States. Innovative anti-poverty policies may help reduce economic malaise thereby increasing the health and longevity of the most vulnerable Americans. However, there is no consensus framework for studying the health impacts of anti-poverty social policies. In this paper, we describe a case study in which leading global experts systematically: (1) developed a conceptual model that outlines the potential pathways through which a social policy influences health, (2) fits outcome measures to this conceptual model, and (3) estimates an optimal time frame for collection of the selected outcome measures. This systematic process, called the Delphi method, has the potential to produce estimates more quickly and with less bias than might be achieved through expert panel discussions alone. Our case study is a multi-component randomized-controlled trial (RCT) of a workforce policy called MyGoals for Healthy Aging. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32349268/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093028 id: cord-346194-l8svzjp2 author: Nazir, Mehrab title: A Multidimensional Model of Public Health Approaches Against COVID-19 date: 2020-05-26 words: 4786.0 sentences: 222.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-346194-l8svzjp2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-346194-l8svzjp2.txt summary: This research validates how social media exposure indirectly effects preventive behavior concerning COVID-19 and explains the paths of effect through awareness or information exchange. In this study, the researchers determined the outcome of social media on the preventive behavior among people about COVID-19, how individuals gain information and awareness knowledge through social media to control COVID-19. Additionally, path analysis and maximum likelihood method were used to verify the mediated impact of health communication (awareness knowledge and information exchange) among social media and preventive behavior. H5 and H3 tested whether awareness knowledge and information exchange directly influenced preventive behavior during an infectious disease outbreak like COVID-19. Eke [37] supported this theory that public awareness affects an individual behavior during an infectious disease outbreak to control its spread. Therefore, due to lack of resources, most developing nations use social media networks for health communication tools to prevent and control the spread of infectious disease in a community [37] . abstract: COVID-19 is appearing as one of the most fetal disease of the world’s history and has caused a global health emergency. Therefore, this study was designed with the aim to address the issue of public response against COVID-19. The literature lacks studies on social aspects of COVID-19. Therefore, the current study is an attempt to investigate its social aspects and suggest a theoretical structural equation model to examine the associations between social media exposure, awareness, and information exchange and preventive behavior and to determine the indirect as well as direct impact of social media exposure on preventive behavior from the viewpoints of awareness and information exchange. The current empirical investigation was held in Pakistan, and the collected survey data from 500 respondents through social media tools were utilized to examine the associations between studied variables as stated in the anticipated study model. The findings of the study indicate that social media exposure has no significant and direct effect on preventive behavior. Social media exposure influences preventive behavior indirectly through awareness and information exchange. In addition, awareness and information exchange have significant and direct effects on preventive behavior. Findings are valuable for health administrators, governments, policymakers, and social scientists, specifically for individuals whose situations are like those in Pakistan. This research validates how social media exposure indirectly effects preventive behavior concerning COVID-19 and explains the paths of effect through awareness or information exchange. To the best of our knowledge, there is no work at present that covers this gap, for this reason the authors propose a new model. The conceptual model offers valuable information for policymakers and practitioners to enhance preventive behavior through the adoption of appropriate awareness strategies and information exchange and social media strategies. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113780 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113780 id: cord-348269-6z0kiapa author: Nguyen, Quynh C. title: Using 164 Million Google Street View Images to Derive Built Environment Predictors of COVID-19 Cases date: 2020-09-01 words: 5833.0 sentences: 304.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-348269-6z0kiapa.txt txt: ./txt/cord-348269-6z0kiapa.txt summary: We leveraged Google Street View (GSV) images and computer vision to detect built environment features (presence of a crosswalk, non-single family home, single-lane roads, dilapidated building and visible wires). In examining associations between built environment characteristics and COVID cases, we controlled for demographic compositional characteristics of areas and population density, which has previously been utilized in econometric studies as a proxy for air pollution and other factors found with greater prevalence in urban areas [15, 16] . Additionally, previous studies found that physical disorder in the neighborhood environments is significantly associated with higher prevalence of chronic diseases [19] and poor self-rated health [20] , which also increases the chances of contracting COVID-19 [21, 22] . From GSV images, we created indicators of urban development (non-single family home, single lane roads), walkability (crosswalks, sidewalks), and physical disorder (dilapidated building, visible utility wires). abstract: The spread of COVID-19 is not evenly distributed. Neighborhood environments may structure risks and resources that produce COVID-19 disparities. Neighborhood built environments that allow greater flow of people into an area or impede social distancing practices may increase residents’ risk for contracting the virus. We leveraged Google Street View (GSV) images and computer vision to detect built environment features (presence of a crosswalk, non-single family home, single-lane roads, dilapidated building and visible wires). We utilized Poisson regression models to determine associations of built environment characteristics with COVID-19 cases. Indicators of mixed land use (non-single family home), walkability (sidewalks), and physical disorder (dilapidated buildings and visible wires) were connected with higher COVID-19 cases. Indicators of lower urban development (single lane roads and green streets) were connected with fewer COVID-19 cases. Percent black and percent with less than a high school education were associated with more COVID-19 cases. Our findings suggest that built environment characteristics can help characterize community-level COVID-19 risk. Sociodemographic disparities also highlight differential COVID-19 risk across groups of people. Computer vision and big data image sources make national studies of built environment effects on COVID-19 risk possible, to inform local area decision-making. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176359 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176359 id: cord-262647-kkvekors author: Niwa, Makoto title: Effectiveness of Social Measures against COVID-19 Outbreaks in Selected Japanese Regions Analyzed by System Dynamic Modeling date: 2020-08-27 words: 4832.0 sentences: 290.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-262647-kkvekors.txt txt: ./txt/cord-262647-kkvekors.txt summary: In Japan''s response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), virus testing was limited to symptomatic patients due to limited capacity, resulting in uncertainty regarding the spread of infection and the appropriateness of countermeasures. This causal loop modelling suggested that the only effective measure against COVID-19 transmission in the Japanese context was intervention in the early stages of the outbreak by national and regional governments, and no social self-strengthening dynamics were demonstrated. In handling the complex COVID-19 transmission processes in the population and the effects of societal factors, the idea to use system dynamics, describing complex social systems as a collective set of mathematical equations, was drawn based on some considerations. As social components, intervention by national or local government [3] , awareness raising regarding physical distancing and hygiene measures [15] , countermeasures by private or public enterprises [16] , new business practices, working from home, and contact reduction in commuting were included. abstract: In Japan’s response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), virus testing was limited to symptomatic patients due to limited capacity, resulting in uncertainty regarding the spread of infection and the appropriateness of countermeasures. System dynamic modelling, comprised of stock flow and infection modelling, was used to describe regional population dynamics and estimate assumed region-specific transmission rates. The estimated regional transmission rates were then mapped against actual patient data throughout the course of the interventions. This modelling, together with simulation studies, demonstrated the effectiveness of inbound traveler quarantine and resident self-isolation policies and practices. A causal loop approach was taken to link societal factors to infection control measures. This causal loop modelling suggested that the only effective measure against COVID-19 transmission in the Japanese context was intervention in the early stages of the outbreak by national and regional governments, and no social self-strengthening dynamics were demonstrated. These findings may contribute to an understanding of how social resilience to future infectious disease threats can be developed. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32867280/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176238 id: cord-259971-e3h8pr1v author: Nwachukwu, Izu title: COVID-19 Pandemic: Age-Related Differences in Measures of Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Canada date: 2020-09-01 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Background: The spread of COVID-19 along with strict public health measures have resulted in unintended adverse effects, including greater levels of distress, anxiety, and depression. This study examined relative presentations of these psychopathologies in different age groups in a Canadian cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: Participants were subscribers to the Text4Hope program, developed to support Albertans during the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey link was used to gather demographic information and responses on several self-report scales, such as Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: There were 8267 individuals who completed the survey, giving a response rate of 19.4%. Overall, 909 (11.0%) respondents identified as ≤25 years, 2939 (35.6%) identified as (26–40) years, 3431 (41.5%) identified as (41–60) years, 762 (9.2%) identified as over 60 years, and 226 (2.7%) did not identify their age. Mean scores on the PSS, GAD-7, and PHQ-9 scales were highest among those aged ≤25 and lowest amongst those aged >60 years old. Conclusions: The finding that the prevalence rates and the mean scores for stress, anxiety, and depression on standardized scales to decrease from younger to older subscribers is an interesting observation with potential implications for planning to meet mental health service needs during COVID-19. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176366 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176366 id: cord-355471-vt7qovf7 author: Ogojiaku, Chinonso N. title: The Health Opportunity Index: Understanding the Input to Disparate Health Outcomes in Vulnerable and High-Risk Census Tracts date: 2020-08-10 words: 9169.0 sentences: 494.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-355471-vt7qovf7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-355471-vt7qovf7.txt summary: The Health Opportunity Index (HOI) is a multivariate tool that can be more efficiently used to identify and understand the interplay of complex social determinants of health (SDH) at the census tract level that influences the ability to achieve optimal health. The Health Opportunity Index (HOI) is the primary outcome variable in this study and is comprised of 13 indices: affordability, income inequality, Townsend Deprivation, job participation, employment access, education, population churning, population-weighted density, segregation, food accessibility, walkability, access to care, and environmental quality index. The thematic mapping of HOI composite scores provides a visual breakdown of health opportunity disparities across census tracts in an area. The thematic mapping of HOI composite scores provides a visual breakdown of health opportunity disparities across census tracts in an area. Similar to the map from Figure 3 The thematic mapping of HOI composite scores provides a visual breakdown of health opportunity disparities across census tracts in an area. abstract: The Health Opportunity Index (HOI) is a multivariate tool that can be more efficiently used to identify and understand the interplay of complex social determinants of health (SDH) at the census tract level that influences the ability to achieve optimal health. The derivation of the HOI utilizes the data-reduction technique of principal component analysis to determine the impact of SDH on optimal health at lower census geographies. In the midst of persistent health disparities and the present COVID-19 pandemic, we demonstrate the potential utility of using 13-input variables to derive a composite metric of health (HOI) score as a means to assist in the identification of the most vulnerable communities during the current pandemic. Using GIS mapping technology, health opportunity indices were layered by counties in Ohio to highlight differences by census tract. Collectively we demonstrate that our HOI framework, principal component analysis and convergence analysis methodology coalesce to provide results supporting the utility of this framework in the three largest counties in Ohio: Franklin (Columbus), Cuyahoga (Cleveland), and Hamilton (Cincinnati). The results in this study identified census tracts that were also synonymous with communities that were at risk for disparate COVID-19 related health outcomes. In this regard, convergence analyses facilitated identification of census tracts where different disparate health outcomes co-exist at the worst levels. Our results suggest that effective use of the HOI composite score and subcomponent scores to identify specific SDH can guide mitigation/intervention practices, thus creating the potential for better targeting of mitigation and intervention strategies for vulnerable communities, such as during the current pandemic. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165767 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165767 id: cord-012462-q8u47hdp author: Olsavszky, Victor title: Time Series Analysis and Forecasting with Automated Machine Learning on a National ICD-10 Database date: 2020-07-10 words: 5247.0 sentences: 267.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-012462-q8u47hdp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-012462-q8u47hdp.txt summary: By using the nation-wide ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision) dataset of hospitalized patients of Romania, we have generated time series datasets over the period of 2008–2018 and performed highly accurate AutoTS predictions for the ten deadliest diseases. For this purpose the corresponding ICD-10 codes for ischemic heart diseases, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lower respiratory infections, Alzheimer''s disease, lung cancer, diabetes mellitus, road injuries, diarrheal diseases, and tuberculosis (Table S1) were extracted from the whole ICD-10 data set of hospitalized patients in Romania from the period 2008-2018. Another reduction in case counts is observed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, especially in the North East region, when comparing the predicted years to the previous ones ( Figure 4C ). When compared to the current literature, this is the first study on a national ICD-10 database to perform thorough time series forecasting on multiple diseases on a regional level using AutoML to select the most accurate of a multitude of models (Table S5) . abstract: The application of machine learning (ML) for use in generating insights and making predictions on new records continues to expand within the medical community. Despite this progress to date, the application of time series analysis has remained underexplored due to complexity of the underlying techniques. In this study, we have deployed a novel ML, called automated time series (AutoTS) machine learning, to automate data processing and the application of a multitude of models to assess which best forecasts future values. This rapid experimentation allows for and enables the selection of the most accurate model in order to perform time series predictions. By using the nation-wide ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision) dataset of hospitalized patients of Romania, we have generated time series datasets over the period of 2008–2018 and performed highly accurate AutoTS predictions for the ten deadliest diseases. Forecast results for the years 2019 and 2020 were generated on a NUTS 2 (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) regional level. This is the first study to our knowledge to perform time series forecasting of multiple diseases at a regional level using automated time series machine learning on a national ICD-10 dataset. The deployment of AutoTS technology can help decision makers in implementing targeted national health policies more efficiently. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7400312/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17144979 id: cord-353867-617f90wq author: Ory, Marcia G. title: Implementing a Diabetes Education Program to Reduce Health Disparities in South Texas: Application of the RE-AIM Framework for Planning and Evaluation date: 2020-08-30 words: 6637.0 sentences: 316.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353867-617f90wq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353867-617f90wq.txt summary: This community-based initiative reached a large and diverse population, and statistically significant reductions in A1c levels (p < 0.01) were observed among participants with Type 2 diabetes at 3 months. The U.S.-Mexico border is impacted by extremely high disparities in income, education, and healthcare access, and these social determinants of health make this region among the nation''s Figure 1 illustrated the 27 counties formally included in the Healthy South Texas initiative [30] , and the counties in which the Diabetes Education Program was offered were marked with a red dot. Among participants with pre-diabetes or Type 1 diabetes, no statistically significant differences were observed based on baseline A1c level attending a follow-up session at any given time point (Table 2 ). From private and public sources, over USD 15,000,000 was identified in direct support and in-kind dollars for the Healthy South Texas initiative (including delivery of the Diabetes Education Program, as well as other disease prevention and health promotion activities) by governmental and nongovernmental entities. abstract: Health disparities in diabetes management and control are well-documented. The objective of this study is to describe one diabetes education program delivered in the United States in terms of the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) Planning and Evaluation Framework. Questionnaires, clinical data, and administrative records were analyzed from 8664 adults with diabetes living in South Texas, an area characterized by high health disparities. The Diabetes Education Program delivered was a professionally led 12-month program involving 8 h of in-person workshop education followed by quarterly follow-up sessions. Changes in average blood glucose levels over the past 3 months (e.g., A1c levels) were the primary clinical outcome. Descriptive and multiple generalized linear mixed models were performed. This community-based initiative reached a large and diverse population, and statistically significant reductions in A1c levels (p < 0.01) were observed among participants with Type 2 diabetes at 3 months. These reductions in A1c levels were sustained at 6-, 9-, and 12-month follow-up assessments (p < 0.01). However, considerable attrition over time at follow-up sessions indicate the need for more robust strategies to keep participants engaged. For this diabetes education program, the RE-AIM model was a useful framework to present study processes and outcomes. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32872662/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176312 id: cord-318061-xe8lljz0 author: Overgaauw, Paul A.M. title: A One Health Perspective on the Human–Companion Animal Relationship with Emphasis on Zoonotic Aspects date: 2020-05-27 words: 14056.0 sentences: 775.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-318061-xe8lljz0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318061-xe8lljz0.txt summary: For the human, there may be a higher risk of the transmission of zoonotic infections due to trends such as sleeping with pets, allowing pets to lick the face or wounds, bite accidents, keeping exotic animals, the importation of rescue dogs, and soil contact. A literature search was conducted through 2 March 2020, using the National Library of Medicine''s PubMed for the terms "One Health" and "companion animals"; "pet ownership"; "households" and "pets"; "dogs" or "cats" or "pets" and "mental" or "physical health" or "children"; "animal assisted therapy"; "dogs" or "cats" and "nutritional problems" or "overweight" or "obesity" or "homemade" or "raw meat diets"; "dogs" or "cats" and "behavior problems" or "aggression" or "fear" or "anxiety" or "abnormal repetitive behavior"; "dogs" or "cats" and "breeding" or "genetic problems"; "dogs" or "cats" and "zooanthroponoses"; "pets" and "anthropomorphism"; "dogs" or "cats" or "exotic animals" or "rescue dogs" or "soil" and zoonoses. Anthropomorphism, also resulting in behavioral problems and breeding on appearance rather than health, and trends such as keeping exotic animals and importing rescue dogs may result in an increased risk of contracting zoonotic infections. abstract: Over time the human–animal bond has been changed. For instance, the role of pets has changed from work animals (protecting houses, catching mice) to animals with a social function, giving companionship. Pets can be important for the physical and mental health of their owners but may also transmit zoonotic infections. The One Health initiative is a worldwide strategy for expanding collaborations in all aspects of health care for humans, animals, and the environment. However, in One Health communications the role of particularly dogs and cats is often underestimated. Objective: Evaluation of positive and negative One Health issues of the human–companion animal relationship with a focus on zoonotic aspects of cats and dogs in industrialized countries. Method: Literature review. Results: Pets undoubtedly have a positive effect on human health, while owners are increasing aware of pet’s health and welfare. The changing attitude of humans with regard to pets and their environment can also lead to negative effects such as changes in feeding practices, extreme breeding, and behavioral problems, and anthropozoonoses. For the human, there may be a higher risk of the transmission of zoonotic infections due to trends such as sleeping with pets, allowing pets to lick the face or wounds, bite accidents, keeping exotic animals, the importation of rescue dogs, and soil contact. Conclusions: One Health issues need frequently re-evaluated as the close human–animal relationship with pet animals can totally differ compared to decennia ago. Because of the changed human–companion animal bond, recommendations regarding responsible pet-ownership, including normal hygienic practices, responsible breeding, feeding, housing, and mental and physical challenges conforming the biology of the animal are required. Education can be performed by vets and physicians as part of the One Health concept. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113789 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113789 id: cord-267034-s3hf4bo5 author: Palladino, Raffaele title: Excess Deaths and Hospital Admissions for COVID-19 Due to a Late Implementation of the Lockdown in Italy date: 2020-08-05 words: 2428.0 sentences: 120.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-267034-s3hf4bo5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-267034-s3hf4bo5.txt summary: Second, we evaluated the effect of an early lockdown on the trend of new cases, creating a counterfactual scenario where the intervention was implemented one week in advance. For this reason, we estimated the number of deaths and hospital admissions for COVID-19 that would have occurred if the lockdown had been implemented one week earlier than it was actually enforced. In the present analysis we used data on the daily number of COVID-19 cases, hospitalized patients, and deaths recorded in Italy from February 24th, the first day national data were made available, to May 3rd, the last day of implementation of the national lockdown. The late implementation of the lockdown in Italy was responsible for a substantial proportion of hospital admissions and deaths associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The late implementation of the lockdown in Italy was responsible for a substantial proportion of hospital admissions and deaths associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. abstract: In Italy, the COVID-19 epidemic curve started to flatten when the health system had already exceeded its capacity, raising concerns that the lockdown was indeed delayed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health effects of late implementation of the lockdown in Italy. Using national data on the daily number of COVID-19 cases, we first estimated the effect of the lockdown, employing an interrupted time series analysis. Second, we evaluated the effect of an early lockdown on the trend of new cases, creating a counterfactual scenario where the intervention was implemented one week in advance. We then predicted the corresponding number of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, non-ICU admissions, and deaths. Finally, we compared results under the actual and counterfactual scenarios. An early implementation of the lockdown would have avoided about 126,000 COVID-19 cases, 54,700 non-ICU admissions, 15,600 ICU admissions, and 12,800 deaths, corresponding to 60% (95%CI: 55% to 64%), 52% (95%CI: 46% to 57%), 48% (95%CI: 42% to 53%), and 44% (95%CI: 38% to 50%) reduction, respectively. We found that the late implementation of the lockdown in Italy was responsible for a substantial proportion of hospital admissions and deaths associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165644 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165644 id: cord-339503-nutc1mvz author: Pan, Wenyan title: Synthetic Evaluation of China’s Regional Low-Carbon Economy Challenges by Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response Model date: 2020-07-29 words: 7259.0 sentences: 363.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-339503-nutc1mvz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-339503-nutc1mvz.txt summary: title: Synthetic Evaluation of China''s Regional Low-Carbon Economy Challenges by Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response Model The combination of DPSIR with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is a useful method to study low-carbon evaluation because the AHP model has a special advantage in multi-indexes evaluation. This paper constructs the low-carbon economy evaluation system and comprehensively evaluates the numerical value of low-carbon economic development of China''s 30 regions from 2000 to 2015 by using the AHP method. It is indicated that the four sub-indexes should be developed at the same pace and promoting the development of a low-carbon economy in the mid-west areas is the key in China. Firstly, the analytical framework of a low-carbon economy system is constructed, in which the DPSIR model is used considering human needs, social progress, economic development, energy demand, carbon emissions, resource status, low-carbon consumption and economic development. where T represents the development degree of the comprehensive evaluation index, which is the reflection of the development level of low-carbon economy. abstract: The “driver–pressure–state–impact–response” (DPSIR) model has recently become a popular approach to deal with environmental problems. The combination of DPSIR with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is a useful method to study low-carbon evaluation because the AHP model has a special advantage in multi-indexes evaluation. This paper constructs the low-carbon economy evaluation system and comprehensively evaluates the numerical value of low-carbon economic development of China’s 30 regions from 2000 to 2015 by using the AHP method. It shows that the numerical value of low-carbon economy of China’s 30 regions varies in terms of growth rate. The numerical value of east regional low-carbon economy shows a pattern that is gradually higher than that of the west region. The numerical value of low carbon economic development in the south region is higher than that of the north region by degrees. In addition, based on the model of coordination degree in 2015, the result indicated that the four subsystems have primary coordination in the east area and bare coordination in the central and west areas. It is indicated that the four sub-indexes should be developed at the same pace and promoting the development of a low-carbon economy in the mid-west areas is the key in China. Finally, we proposed that environmental regulations and policies should be formulated to improve coordination in various aspects and various departments. Calculating the degree of low-carbon economic coupling coordination may be helpful for policy makers to formulate effective policies and take actions in the future. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32751191/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155463 id: cord-328784-9r5td4vy author: Papagiannis, Dimitrios title: Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) of Health Care Professionals in Greece before the Outbreak Period date: 2020-07-08 words: 4382.0 sentences: 220.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-328784-9r5td4vy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-328784-9r5td4vy.txt summary: title: Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) of Health Care Professionals in Greece before the Outbreak Period The aim of the current study is to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of health care professionals in Greece towards SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion: There is a high level of knowledge concerning SARS-CoV-2 pandemic among Greek health care workers and this is significantly associated with positive attitudes and practices towards preventive health measures. Only 1.7% of participants had a score of 0, suggesting that only few of the health care workers did not perform preventive practices aimed at SARS-CoV-2. The vast majority of the subjects included in the study had a high level of knowledge concerning SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission suggesting that most participants had been informed of COVID-19. Our study highlights a high level of knowledge concerning SARS-CoV-2 among Greek health care workers and this was significantly associated with positive attitudes and practices towards preventive health measures. abstract: Introduction: The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 pandemic has expanded globally. The aim of the current study is to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of health care professionals in Greece towards SARS-CoV-2. Methods: From 10–25 February 2020, 500 health care workers were approached. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards SARS-CoV-2 were assessed via a personal interview questionnaire. For knowledge, each correct answer was given 1 point; attitudes, or concerns aimed at prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and practices, or behaviors towards performing preventive practices, were assigned 1 point each. Points were summed and a score for each category was calculated. Results: A total of 461 health care workers returned the questionnaire and were included in the analysis (mean age ± SD: 44.2 ± 10.78 years, 74% females). The majority were nurses (47.5%), followed by physicians (30.5%) and paramedics (19%). The majority of subjects (88.28%) had a good level of knowledge (knowledge score equal to 4, or more). The majority of participants (71%) agreed with the temporary traveling restrictions ban. The uptake of a future vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 was estimated at 43%. Knowledge score was significantly associated with both attitudes score (p = 0.011) and practices score (p < 0.001), indicating that subjects with a high knowledge score demonstrated a more positive perception on preventive measures and would practice more preventive measures. Attitudes score was significantly associated with practices score (p = 0.009) indicating that subjects with a higher attitudes score are more likely to perform practices towards the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Conclusion: There is a high level of knowledge concerning SARS-CoV-2 pandemic among Greek health care workers and this is significantly associated with positive attitudes and practices towards preventive health measures. The high level of knowledge of health professionals about SARS-CoV-2 may have contributed considerably to the successful management of the pandemic in Greece. Tailored educational campaigns aiming to increase the proportion of health care workers willing to accept a potential SARS-CoV-2 vaccine could be of paramount importance in future proactive vaccine educational campaigns. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32650614/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17144925 id: cord-032625-u8qces3r author: Park, Se-Won title: Impacts of Thresholds of Gray Value for Cone-Beam Computed Tomography 3D Reconstruction on the Accuracy of Image Matching with Optical Scan date: 2020-09-01 words: 5118.0 sentences: 211.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-032625-u8qces3r.txt txt: ./txt/cord-032625-u8qces3r.txt summary: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of image registration of optical scans to 3D CBCT reconstructions created by different thresholds of grey values of segmentation in partial edentulous jaw conditions. The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of image registration of the optical scan to 3D CBCT reconstructions with different thresholds of grey values of segmentation in partial edentulous jaw conditions. The null hypothesis was that the threshold of the gray value of segmentation in CBCT and the number of residual teeth would not result in a different image registration accuracy between the optical scan and the CBCT 3D reconstruction model. Thus, based on the findings of this study, the proposed null hypothesis, the thresholds of gray value of segmentation in CBCT, and the number of residual teeth would not influence the accuracy of image registration of the optical scan to the CBCT data, was rejected. abstract: In cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), the minimum threshold of the gray value of segmentation is set to convert the CBCT images to the 3D mesh reconstruction model. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of image registration of optical scans to 3D CBCT reconstructions created by different thresholds of grey values of segmentation in partial edentulous jaw conditions. CBCT of a dentate jaw was reconstructed to 3D mesh models using three different thresholds of gray value (−500, 500, and 1500), and three partially edentulous models with different numbers of remaining teeth (4, 8, and 12) were made from each 3D reconstruction model. To merge CBCT and optical scan data, optical scan images were registered to respective 3D reconstruction CBCT images using a point-based best-fit algorithm. The accuracy of image registration was assessed by measuring the positional deviation between the matched 3D images. The Kruskal–Wallis test and a post hoc Mann–Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction were used to compare the results between groups (α = 0.05). The correlations between the experimental factors were calculated using the two-way analysis of variance test. The positional deviations were lowest with the threshold of 500, followed by the threshold of 1500, and then −500. A significant interaction was found between the threshold of gray values and the number of remaining teeth on the registration accuracy. The most significant deviation was observed in the arch model with four teeth reconstructed with a gray-value threshold of −500. The threshold for the gray value of CBCT segmentation affects the accuracy of image registration of optical scans to the 3D reconstruction model of CBCT. The appropriate gray value that can visualize the anatomical structure should be set, especially when few teeth remain in the dental arch. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7503962/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176375 id: cord-320914-zf54jfol author: Parrish, Rebecca title: A Critical Analysis of the Drivers of Human Migration Patterns in the Presence of Climate Change: A New Conceptual Model date: 2020-08-19 words: 9935.0 sentences: 510.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-320914-zf54jfol.txt txt: ./txt/cord-320914-zf54jfol.txt summary: Finally, we apply this model to a case study of Malawi to demonstrate how doing so can improve understanding of the local context and result in well-grounded and policy-relevant insights into the true impacts of climate change on migration. By conducting an in-depth literature review of Malawi''s political, demographic, environmental, social and economic makeup and then applying the conceptual approach described above by considering the impacts of climate change (primary, secondary and tertiary) to each key factor, we arrive at the case-specific model shown in Figure 2 below. By conducting an in-depth literature review of Malawi''s political, demographic, environmental, social and economic makeup and then applying the conceptual approach described above by considering the impacts of climate change (primary, secondary and tertiary) to each key factor, we arrive at the case-specific model shown in Figure 2 below. abstract: Both climate change and migration present key concerns for global health progress. Despite this, a transparent method for identifying and understanding the relationship between climate change, migration and other contextual factors remains a knowledge gap. Existing conceptual models are useful in understanding the complexities of climate migration, but provide varying degrees of applicability to quantitative studies, resulting in non-homogenous transferability of knowledge in this important area. This paper attempts to provide a critical review of climate migration literature, as well as presenting a new conceptual model for the identification of the drivers of migration in the context of climate change. It focuses on the interactions and the dynamics of drivers over time, space and society. Through systematic, pan-disciplinary and homogenous application of theory to different geographical contexts, we aim to improve understanding of the impacts of climate change on migration. A brief case study of Malawi is provided to demonstrate how this global conceptual model can be applied into local contextual scenarios. In doing so, we hope to provide insights that help in the more homogenous applications of conceptual frameworks for this area and more generally. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32825094/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176036 id: cord-255119-l82o5fif author: Passerini, Giorgio title: A Preliminary Investigation on the Statistical Correlations between SARS-CoV-2 Spread and Local Meteorology date: 2020-06-05 words: 7607.0 sentences: 387.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-255119-l82o5fif.txt txt: ./txt/cord-255119-l82o5fif.txt summary: The statistical correlation between meteorological parameters and the spread of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) was investigated in five provinces of Italy selected according to the number of infected individuals and the different trends of infection in the early stages of the epidemic: Bergamo and Brescia showed some of the highest trends of infections while nearby Cremona and Mantova, showed lower trends. The Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) was calculated to evaluate possible relations between the moving means of the meteorological parameters (i.e., temperature, and relative humidity) and the moving mean of adjusted/unadjusted new daily cases. The most inclusive and impressive results are the values of PCC found for the time series related to the number of new daily infected individuals within the five selected Italian provinces, the daily mean temperatures as monitored at the related capitals, and the daily mean relative humidity values observed at the same stations. abstract: The statistical correlation between meteorological parameters and the spread of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) was investigated in five provinces of Italy selected according to the number of infected individuals and the different trends of infection in the early stages of the epidemic: Bergamo and Brescia showed some of the highest trends of infections while nearby Cremona and Mantova, showed lower trends. Pesaro–Urbino province was included for further investigation as it was comparably affected by the epidemic despite being the area far from the Po valley. Moving means of the variables were considered to take into account the variability of incubation periods and uncertainties in the epidemiological data. The same analyzes were performed normalizing the number of new daily cases based on the number of checks performed. For each province, the moving mean of adjusted and unadjusted new daily cases were independently plotted versus each meteorological parameter, and linear regressions were determined in the period from 29th of February 2020 to 29th of March 2020. Strong positive correlations were observed between new cases and temperatures within three provinces representing 86.5% of the contagions. Strong negative correlations were observed between the moving means of new cases and relative humidity values for four provinces and more than 90% of the contagions. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114051 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17114051 id: cord-329536-3xsncmyi author: Passos, Lígia title: Impact on Mental Health Due to COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study in Portugal and Brazil date: 2020-09-17 words: 4367.0 sentences: 256.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-329536-3xsncmyi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-329536-3xsncmyi.txt summary: This study aimed to describe the mental health status of the general adult population in Portugal and Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic and analyze the differences between the two countries. Socio-demographic and other factors: variables assessed included age, gender, country of residence (Portugal or Brazil), marital status, educational level, employment status, social isolation self-label, duration of social isolation, living arrangements during social isolation, diagnosis of COVID-19, alcohol consumption and alcohol addiction measured by the presence of two or more positive answers to the four-item CAGE (acronym cut-annoyed-guilty-eye) Questionnaire [33, 34] translated and validated for the Portuguese language [35] . To the extent of the authors'' knowledge, the present study is the first to analyze the mental health status of the general adult population in Portugal and Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. abstract: Mental health effects secondary to the COVID-19 pandemic were till recently considered less important or were neglected. Portugal and Brazil are facing the pandemic in quite different ways. This study aimed to describe the mental health status of the general adult population in Portugal and Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic and analyze the differences between the two countries. A cross-sectional quantitative study was based on an online questionnaire. Socio-demographic data were collected in addition to four validated scales: CAGE (acronym cut-annoyed-guilty-eye) Questionnaire, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire-2. For each outcome, a multiple linear regression was performed. Five hundred and fifty people answered the questionnaire (435 women). The median age was 38 (Q1, Q3: 30, 47) years, 52.5% resided in Brazil and 47.5% in Portugal. The prevalence of anxiety was 71.3% (mild anxiety was present in 43.1%), the prevalence of depression was 24.7% and 23.8% of the sample had both depression and anxiety. Isolation was a significant factor for depression but not for anxiety. Well-being was below average. Mental illness was considerably higher than pre-COVID-19 levels. Portugal and Brazil will have to be prepared for future consequences of poor mental health and contribute immediate psychological support to their adult populations. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186794 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186794 id: cord-338578-e0aiknb6 author: Patel, Kajal title: Applying the WHO ICF Framework to the Outcome Measures Used in the Evaluation of Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Coronavirus Outbreaks date: 2020-09-05 words: 3937.0 sentences: 201.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-338578-e0aiknb6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338578-e0aiknb6.txt summary: (2) Methods: EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO were systematically searched for original studies assessing clinical outcomes in adult survivors of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS), middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS) and coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) after hospital discharge. (4) Conclusions: We recommend future COVID-19 follow-up studies to use the ICF framework to select a combination of outcome measures that capture all the components for a better understanding of the impact on survivors and planning interventions to maximize functional return. The aim of this systematic review is to identify outcome measures which have been used in follow-up studies in the coronavirus outbreaks, including SARS in 2002 and MERS in 2012 [21] , and to classify them using the ICF model. In conclusion, we are proposing an ICF-based framework to assist researchers in selecting outcome measures for future follow-up studies of COVID-19 survivors. abstract: (1) Objective: The World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) classification is a unified framework for the description of health and health-related states. This study aimed to use the ICF framework to classify outcome measures used in follow-up studies of coronavirus outbreaks and make recommendations for future studies. (2) Methods: EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO were systematically searched for original studies assessing clinical outcomes in adult survivors of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS), middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS) and coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) after hospital discharge. Individual items of the identified outcome measures were linked to ICF second-level and third-level categories using ICF linking rules and categorized according to an ICF component. (3) Results: In total, 33 outcome measures were identified from 36 studies. Commonly used (a) ICF body function measures were Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT), Impact of event scale (IES-R) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); (b) ICF activity was 6-Minute Walking Distance (6MWD); (c) ICF participation measures included Short Form-36 (SF-36) and St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). ICF environmental factors and personal factors were rarely measured. (4) Conclusions: We recommend future COVID-19 follow-up studies to use the ICF framework to select a combination of outcome measures that capture all the components for a better understanding of the impact on survivors and planning interventions to maximize functional return. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32899534/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186476 id: cord-313591-hb3gqksg author: Pek, Kalene title: Social Frailty Is Independently Associated with Mood, Nutrition, Physical Performance, and Physical Activity: Insights from a Theory-Guided Approach date: 2020-06-14 words: 5937.0 sentences: 290.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-313591-hb3gqksg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-313591-hb3gqksg.txt summary: Using available items from previous studies to derive a social frailty scale as guided by the Bunt social frailty theoretical framework, we aimed to examine the association of social frailty, independently of physical frailty, with salient outcomes of mood, nutrition, physical performance, physical activity, and life–space mobility. We therefore conducted this study to examine the independent association of social frailty with a comprehensive range of intermediary outcomes in a representative cohort of non-frail community-dwelling Asian older adults. Firstly, using validated items identified from prior Asian studies, we performed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to derive a social frailty scale grounded in Bunt''s proposed conceptual framework. In the present study, using a theory-guided social frailty scale that is grounded in the Bunt conceptual framework, we build upon growing body of evidence about the paramount importance of social frailty by demonstrating the independent associations of SPF and SF with mood, nutrition, physical performance, and physical activity in non-frail community-dwelling older adults. abstract: Notwithstanding the increasing body of evidence that links social determinants to health outcomes, social frailty is arguably the least explored among the various dimensions of frailty. Using available items from previous studies to derive a social frailty scale as guided by the Bunt social frailty theoretical framework, we aimed to examine the association of social frailty, independently of physical frailty, with salient outcomes of mood, nutrition, physical performance, physical activity, and life–space mobility. We studied 229 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 67.22 years; 72.6% females) who were non-frail (defined by the FRAIL criteria). Using exploratory factor analysis, the resultant 8-item Social Frailty Scale (SFS-8) yielded a three-factor structure comprising social resources, social activities and financial resource, and social need fulfilment (score range: 0–8 points). Social non-frailty (SNF), social pre-frailty (SPF), and social frailty (SF) were defined based on optimal cutoffs, with corresponding prevalence of 63.8%, 28.8%, and 7.4%, respectively. In logistic regression adjusted for significant covariates and physical frailty (Modified Fried criteria), there is an association of SPF with poor physical performance and low physical activity (odds ratio, OR range: 3.10 to 6.22), and SF with depressive symptoms, malnutrition risk, poor physical performance, and low physical activity (OR range: 3.58 to 13.97) compared to SNF. There was no significant association of SPF or SF with life–space mobility. In summary, through a theory-guided approach, our study demonstrates the independent association of social frailty with a comprehensive range of intermediary health outcomes in more robust older adults. A holistic preventative approach to frailty should include upstream interventions that target social frailty to address social gradient and inequalities. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124239 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124239 id: cord-336614-u6alc6rs author: Pérez-Belmonte, Luis M. title: Differences between Clinical Protocols for the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Andalusia, Spain date: 2020-09-19 words: 4737.0 sentences: 245.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-336614-u6alc6rs.txt txt: ./txt/cord-336614-u6alc6rs.txt summary: Antiviral treatment, empirical antibacterial agents, adjunctive therapies, anticoagulant treatment, supportive care (oxygen, intravenous fluids, monitoring, high-flow nasal oxygen/noninvasive ventilation, and mechanical ventilation, among others), dosage, method of administration and duration of treatment, drug side effects and interactions, nonrecommended treatment or recommendation for other drugs, hospital circuits, ward organization and care planning, and discharge recommendations were collected from all clinical protocols for COVID-19. This study showed that the COVID-19 protocols of the largest hospitals in Andalusia (Spain) varied widely in several aspects, including antiviral treatment: they used different dosages, durations, and combinations of treatment for the same clinical condition. Several randomized clinical trials on tocilizumab, either alone or in combination, in patients with COVID-19 with severe pneumonia are underway, and its use was included in the Chinese national treatment guidelines [30, 31] . abstract: Our objective was to compare clinical protocols for the treatment of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among different hospitals in Andalusia, Spain. We reviewed the current COVID-19 protocols of the 15 largest hospitals in Andalusia. Antiviral treatment, empirical antibacterial agents, adjunctive therapies, anticoagulant treatment, supportive care, hospital organization, and discharge recommendations were analyzed. All protocols included were the latest updates as of July 2020. Hydroxychloroquine in monotherapy was the most frequent antiviral drug recommended for mild respiratory illness with clinical risk factors (33.3%). Combined hydroxychloroquine with azithromycin or lopinavir/ritonavir was found in 40% of protocols. The recommended treatment for patients with mild and moderate pneumonias was different antiviral combinations including hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin (93.3%) or hydroxychloroquine plus lopinavir/ritonavir (79.9%). Different combinations of hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir (46.7%) and triple therapy with hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and lopinavir/ritonavir (40%) were the most recommended treatments for patients with severe pneumonia. There were five corticosteroid regimens, which used dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, or prednisone, with different doses and treatment durations. Anakinra was included in seven protocols with six different regimens. All protocols included prophylactic heparin and therapeutic doses for thromboembolism. Higher prophylactic doses of heparin for high-risk patients and therapeutic doses for patients in critical condition were included in 53.3% and 33.3% of protocols, respectively. This study showed that COVID-19 protocols varied widely in several aspects (antiviral treatment, corticosteroids, anakinra, and anticoagulation for high risk of thrombosis or critical situation). Rigorous randomized clinical trials on the proposed treatments are needed to provide consistent evidence. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32961675/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186845 id: cord-313887-8sabsrgy author: Quandt, Sara A. title: COVID-19 Pandemic among Latinx Farmworker and Nonfarmworker Families in North Carolina: Knowledge, Risk Perceptions, and Preventive Behaviors date: 2020-08-10 words: 7451.0 sentences: 353.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-313887-8sabsrgy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-313887-8sabsrgy.txt summary: Taken together, the rapidly changing messages, coupled with public concern, and limited availability of up-to-date information in formats for those with limited English proficiency created a situation in the USA in which Latinx workers such as farmworkers were likely to lack consistent and accurate information and, as a result, practice ineffective behaviors to protect themselves and prevent spreading disease to their social network. This study was designed to describe the knowledge, perceived risk and susceptibility, and preventive behaviors reported by Latinx immigrant farmworker and nonfarmworker families in North Carolina during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. In total, these results indicate that, despite relatively high knowledge, strong perceptions of risk from COVID-19, and claims of avoiding situations where contracting or spreading infection might be likely, many of the farmworker families included here do not practice safe physical distancing measures as recommended; and their use of masks appears to be confined to work settings. abstract: (1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic poses substantial threats to Latinx farmworkers and other immigrants in food production and processing. Classified as essential, such workers cannot shelter at home. Therefore, knowledge and preventive behaviors are important to reduce COVID-19 spread in the community. (2) Methods: Respondents for 67 families with at least one farmworker (FWF) and 38 comparable families with no farmworkers (nonFWF) in North Carolina completed a telephone survey in May 2020. The survey queried knowledge of COVID-19, perceptions of its severity, self-efficacy, and preventive behaviors. Detailed data were collected to document household members’ social interaction and use of face coverings. (3) Results: Knowledge of COVID-19 and prevention methods was high in both groups, as was its perceived severity. NonFWF had higher self-efficacy for preventing infection. Both groups claimed to practice preventive behaviors, though FWF emphasized social avoidance and nonFWF emphasized personal hygiene. Detailed social interactions showed high rates of inter-personal contact at home, at work, and in the community with more mask use in nonFWF than FWF. (4) Conclusions: Despite high levels of knowledge and perceived severity for COVID-19, these immigrant families were engaged in frequent interpersonal contact that could expose community members and themselves to COVID-19. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32785108/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165786 id: cord-312094-czuw4t7i author: Radic, Aleksandar title: Fear and Trembling of Cruise Ship Employees: Psychological Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-16 words: 8881.0 sentences: 418.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-312094-czuw4t7i.txt txt: ./txt/cord-312094-czuw4t7i.txt summary: The findings revealed that COVID-19 pandemic has managed to erase the feeling of joy from cruise ship employees who were stuck at sea while exposing weakness of cruise line companies such as poor human resource management leadership. The CDC''s No Sail Order in combination with poor liquidity of cruise line companies due to the COVID-19 cruise tourism crisis has created an unprecedented event leaving 100,000 cruise ship employees stuck at sea for months without any certainty when they will be repatriated to their homes [45] . In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, cruise ship employees that are stuck at sea are experiencing particularly high levels of stress that may develop mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression. Moreover, cruise line companies do not have a strategy for managing various negative psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cruise ship employees who are stuck at sea. abstract: The current COVID-19 pandemic has evolved to unprecedented proportions. This research aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cruise ship employees stuck at sea. Using an inductive qualitative approach, a synchronous online focus group was conducted with nine cruise ship employees who were stuck at sea during COVID-19 pandemic. The findings revealed that COVID-19 pandemic has managed to erase the feeling of joy from cruise ship employees who were stuck at sea while exposing weakness of cruise line companies such as poor human resource management leadership. Moreover, COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated that it is of paramount importance that cruise line companies create a comprehensive strategy in assisting their employees who are experiencing an anxiety disorder and depression. The managerial implications are outlined. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186741 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186741 id: cord-346258-xlyi0cnl author: Radic, Aleksandar title: Connected at Sea: The Influence of the Internet and Online Communication on the Well-Being and Life Satisfaction of Cruise Ship Employees date: 2020-04-20 words: 8654.0 sentences: 426.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-346258-xlyi0cnl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-346258-xlyi0cnl.txt summary: Although significant amounts of research have been done on the positive effects of Internet and online communication on social pressure [12] , fear of missing out [13] , relatedness to friends and family need satisfaction [14] , perceived social support [15] , well-being [16] and life satisfaction [17] , these effects were never studied in the peculiar environment of a cruise ship where life and work contexts are so intertwined such that the distinction between one and the other is blurred [18] . We reviewed existing theory and previous studies on the effects of the Internet and online communication on social pressure, fear of missing out, Internet multitasking and relatedness to friends and family need satisfaction. The goal of the current study was to investigate and model complex mutual interactions the Internet and online communication had on social pressure, fear of missing out, internet multitasking and relatedness to friends and family need satisfaction, perceived social support, well-being and life satisfaction of cruise ship employees. abstract: This study aims to elucidate the idiosyncratic effects of the Internet and online communication on the well-being and life satisfaction of cruise ship employees. Cross-sectional surveys and covariance-based structural equation modelling tools were used. In addition, univariate variance analysis was used to address the effects of socio-demographic variables (years of service on a cruise ship, working department on a cruise ship, gender, age, educational level and place of residency) on latent variables of the conceptual model. The conceptual model draws on existing theory and previous research and was empirically tested on a sample of cruise ship employee internet users. Result show that while being onboard a cruise ship, employees experience strong social pressure to be constantly available and they fear of missing out on important information and life events. Thus, relatedness to friends and family needs satisfaction is of paramount importance for cruise ship employees because they are fully aware that they are dispensable and replaceable to cruise ship companies, however to their friends and family, they are indispensable and unique. Moreover, employees who engage in other tasks/activities while taking part in online communication with friends and family exhibit reduced performance, which leads to poor interaction and social dissatisfaction. Lastly, employees experiencing under-reciprocating exchanges show significant negative effects on their well-being. Overall, the results provided several important theoretical and practical implications relevant to cruise tourism and human resource management. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082840 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082840 id: cord-337581-3rmrkq1k author: Ramos-Morcillo, Antonio Jesús title: Experiences of Nursing Students during the Abrupt Change from Face-to-Face to e-Learning Education during the First Month of Confinement Due to COVID-19 in Spain date: 2020-07-30 words: 6826.0 sentences: 399.0 pages: flesch: 64.0 cache: ./cache/cord-337581-3rmrkq1k.txt txt: ./txt/cord-337581-3rmrkq1k.txt summary: The objective of this study was to discover the learning experiences and the expectations about the changes in education, in light of the abrupt change from face-to-face to e-learning education, of nursing students enrolled in the Bachelor''s and Master''s degree of two public Spanish universities during the first month of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The experiences found were differentiated according to the group of students, depending if they had or not practice-based subjects during the education period affected by the state of alarm, the proximity to ending their training as nurses, or if they were health professionals who were conducting post-graduate studies. abstract: The current state of alarm due to the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the urgent change in the education of nursing students from traditional to distance learning. The objective of this study was to discover the learning experiences and the expectations about the changes in education, in light of the abrupt change from face-to-face to e-learning education, of nursing students enrolled in the Bachelor’s and Master’s degree of two public Spanish universities during the first month of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative study was conducted during the first month of the state of alarm in Spain (from 25 March–20 April 2020). Semi-structured interviews were given to students enrolled in every academic year of the Nursing Degree, and nurses who were enrolled in the Master’s programs at two public universities. A maximum variation sampling was performed, and an inductive thematic analysis was conducted. The study was reported according with COREQ checklist. Thirty-two students aged from 18 to 50 years old participated in the study. The interviews lasted from 17 to 51 min. Six major themes were defined: (1) practicing care; (2) uncertainty; (3) time; (4) teaching methodologies; (5) context of confinement and added difficulties; (6) face-to-face win. The imposition of e-learning sets limitations for older students, those who live in rural areas, with work and family responsibilities and with limited electronic resources. Online education goes beyond a continuation of the face-to-face classes. Work should be done about this for the next academic year as we face an uncertain future in the short-term control of COVID-19. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155519 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155519 id: cord-267874-k6tmu5gi author: Ramírez, Ivan J. title: COVID-19 Emergence and Social and Health Determinants in Colorado: A Rapid Spatial Analysis date: 2020-05-29 words: 5173.0 sentences: 256.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-267874-k6tmu5gi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-267874-k6tmu5gi.txt summary: Social and health determinants associated with higher COVID-19-related deaths were population density and asthma, indicative of urban areas, and poverty and unemployment, suggestive of rural areas. Using geographic information systems (GIS) and bivariate correlation analyses, this study investigated COVID-19 incidence and deaths from March 14, 2020 to April 8, 2020 at the county-level and the wider social, economic, and health context of emergence. Other indicators, although not as frequent suggest that COVID-19 incidence overlapped with higher rates of chronic conditions like asthma and diabetes, and also influenza, particularly in Denver, Morgan, and Weld counties. Social determinants such as poverty and unemployment, variables which have higher prevalence in rural areas in Colorado, were significantly and positively associated with COVID-19 case fatality rates. Some social and health determinant factors associated (not causal) with patterns of higher COVID-19-related death rates were population density and asthma hospitalization, suggestive of urban areas, and poverty and unemployment, suggestive of rural areas. abstract: The aim of this rapid analysis was to investigate the spatial patterns of COVID-19 emergence across counties in Colorado. In the U.S. West, Colorado has the second highest number of cases and deaths, second only to California. Colorado is also reporting, like other states, that communities of color and low-income persons are disproportionately affected by COVID-19. Using GIS and correlation analysis, this study explored COVID-19 incidence and deaths from March 14 to April 8, 2020, with social determinants and chronic conditions. Preliminary results demonstrate that COVID-19 incidence intensified in mountain communities west of Denver and along the Urban Front Range, and evolved into new centers of risk in eastern Colorado. Overall, the greatest increase in COVID-19 incidence was in northern Colorado, i.e., Weld County, which reported the highest rates in the Urban Front Range. Social and health determinants associated with higher COVID-19-related deaths were population density and asthma, indicative of urban areas, and poverty and unemployment, suggestive of rural areas. Furthermore, a spatial overlap of high rates of chronic diseases with high rates of COVID-19 may suggest a broader syndemic health burden, where comorbidities intersect with inequality of social determinants of health. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32485854/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113856 id: cord-283175-kh2rm2ir author: Roma, Paolo title: How to Improve Compliance with Protective Health Measures during the COVID-19 Outbreak: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model and Machine Learning Algorithms date: 2020-10-04 words: 7557.0 sentences: 335.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-283175-kh2rm2ir.txt txt: ./txt/cord-283175-kh2rm2ir.txt summary: Perceived efficacy has been studied in relation to a variety of general health measures, including engaging in physical activity, receiving vaccinations, and complying with medical treatment among psychiatric outpatients [11] [12] [13] ; the literature suggests that it is a key determinant for compliance with preventive health behaviors and that "only when a person feels that the recommended behavior is likely to lead to the desired outcome will adoption of the recommendations occur" ( [14] , p. In this vein, the present study sought to explore the relationship between civic engagement (specifically, civic attitudes), perceived efficacy, self-efficacy, and compliance with protective health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this vein, the present study sought to explore the relationship between civic engagement (specifically, civic attitudes), perceived efficacy, self-efficacy, and compliance with protective health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. abstract: In the wake of the sudden spread of COVID-19, a large amount of the Italian population practiced incongruous behaviors with the protective health measures. The present study aimed at examining psychological and psychosocial variables that could predict behavioral compliance. An online survey was administered from 18–22 March 2020 to 2766 participants. Paired sample t-tests were run to compare efficacy perception with behavioral compliance. Mediation and moderated mediation models were constructed to explore the association between perceived efficacy and compliance, mediated by self-efficacy and moderated by risk perception and civic attitudes. Machine learning algorithms were trained to predict which individuals would be more likely to comply with protective measures. Results indicated significantly lower scores in behavioral compliance than efficacy perception. Risk perception and civic attitudes as moderators rendered the mediating effect of self-efficacy insignificant. Perceived efficacy on the adoption of recommended behaviors varied in accordance with risk perception and civic engagement. The 14 collected variables, entered as predictors in machine learning models, produced an ROC area in the range of 0.82–0.91 classifying individuals as high versus low compliance. Overall, these findings could be helpful in guiding age-tailored information/advertising campaigns in countries affected by COVID-19 and directing further research on behavioral compliance. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33020395/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197252 id: cord-355905-av03suua author: Romero Starke, Karla title: The Age-Related Risk of Severe Outcomes Due to COVID-19 Infection: A Rapid Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression date: 2020-08-17 words: 6825.0 sentences: 395.0 pages: flesch: 59.0 cache: ./cache/cord-355905-av03suua.txt txt: ./txt/cord-355905-av03suua.txt summary: Because not all important age-related risk factors were included in the analysis, and because they adjusted for biomarkers which were reflective of disease severity/COVID-19 infection, the study was rated as having a high risk of bias. Due to the lack of age-related risk factors included in the analysis and the adjustment for fever, which is reflective of COVID-19 infection/disease severity, this study was determined to have a high risk of bias. This study received a high risk of bias rating because only patients older than 60 years of age were considered, because of missing risk factors, and because biomarkers were used that might indicate a COVID-19 infection/disease severity. All the studies included in the meta-analysis for mortality were rated as having a high risk of bias because not all age-dependent risk factors were considered and because the variables used in the analysis may have already indicated COVID-19 disease severity. abstract: Increased age appears to be a strong risk factor for COVID-19 severe outcomes. However, studies do not sufficiently consider the age-dependency of other important factors influencing the course of disease. The aim of this review was to quantify the isolated effect of age on severe COVID-19 outcomes. We searched Pubmed to find relevant studies published in 2020. Two independent reviewers evaluated them using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. We extracted the results and assessed seven domains of bias for each study. After adjusting for important age-related risk factors, the isolated effect of age was estimated using meta-regression. Twelve studies met our inclusion criteria: four studies for COVID-19 disease severity, seven for mortality, and one for admission to ICU. The crude effect of age (5.2% and 13.4% higher risk of disease severity and death per age year, respectively) substantially decreased when adjusting for important age-dependent risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease/cerebrovascular disease, compromised immunity, previous respiratory disease, renal disease). Adjusting for all six comorbidities indicates a 2.7% risk increase for disease severity (two studies), and no additional risk of death per year of age (five studies). The indication of a rather weak influence of age on COVID-19 disease severity after adjustment for important age-dependent risk factors should be taken in consideration when implementing age-related preventative measures (e.g., age-dependent work restrictions). url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824596/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165974 id: cord-255228-nopt5ql5 author: Romero-Blanco, Cristina title: Sleep Pattern Changes in Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Lockdown date: 2020-07-20 words: 4538.0 sentences: 224.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-255228-nopt5ql5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-255228-nopt5ql5.txt summary: For this reason, the objective of this study is to determine the difference in nursing students'' sleep quality before and during the lockdown, put in place in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. In relation to the data obtained in this study, recent research suggests that lockdown has worsened sleep quality despite increasing its quantity, observing that there has been an increase in mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, and even suicidal thoughts [18, 25] . Looking at the results obtained at each of the time points analyzed, we observed that at the first data collection point, the PSQI score was around 5 (the borderline sleep quality score) in all students except smokers and those with anxiety or depression, who had higher scores. In this study, the PSQI score obtained at each of the two time points analyzed was higher at higher BMIs. However, we only observed changes in sleep quality among students with a normal weight, perhaps because of the low sample sizes in the other categories. abstract: The prevalence of poor sleep quality among students is very high and, in nursing students, has been associated with reduced performance, behavioral changes, dietary changes, and even aggressive behavior due to changes in sleep patterns. The lockdown in response to COVID-19 may have resulted in lifestyle changes that affected sleep quality. For this reason, the objective of this study is to determine the difference in nursing students’ sleep quality before and during the lockdown, put in place in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. To meet this objective, we conducted a longitudinal observational study on 207 nursing students, with two cut-off points (February and April). The main dependent variable was sleep quality, measured using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and its seven components. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used for paired and unpaired data, as well as group-stratified analysis. The mean time students spent in bed was 7.6 h (standard deviation (SD) = 1.1 h) before lockdown and 8.5 h (SD = 1.2 h) during lockdown. The PSQI score got 0.91 points worse during lockdown (95% CI, −0.51, −1.31). Of the five components, five were statistically significantly affected (p ≤ 0.05), and of these, the most changed were sleep latency, sleep duration, and sleep efficiency. When stratified by group, we observed differences in women, first-year students, second-year students, alcohol consumers, those of normal weight, and those that live with family. The main conclusion is that although students spent more time in bed, overall sleep quality was worse during lockdown, as well as being worse in five of the seven components. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32698343/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145222 id: cord-318528-yc0jw3s1 author: Romero-Blanco, Cristina title: Physical Activity and Sedentary Lifestyle in University Students: Changes during Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-09 words: 4385.0 sentences: 215.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318528-yc0jw3s1.txt summary: In the group analysis, differences were observed in relation to gender, year of study, BMI, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, symptoms of anxiety/depression, Mediterranean diet, living situation and stage of change. To broaden our approach, as a secondary aim, we also wanted to look at changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviour resulting from other factors such as alcohol and tobacco consumption, adherence to a Mediterranean diet, motivation, symptoms of anxiety/depression and sociodemographic characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate physical activity and sedentary behaviour in health sciences students before and during the lockdown. In the analysis by group, minutes of physical activity increased significantly during lockdown among the following groups: women; all years of study except final year; normal or low BMI; those who did not eat a Mediterranean diet; and those in the preparation or action stage of change. abstract: Regular physical activity is related to many factors in a university student’s environment. The coronavirus pandemic and the resulting lockdown have restricted many elements of our environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate students’ physical activity and sedentary behaviour at two points in time: before and during the coronavirus lockdown. As a secondary aim, we also wanted to look at changes resulting from other factors (alcohol, tobacco, diet, stages of change, symptoms of anxiety/depression and sociodemographic characteristics). We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, pre-post study with two cut-off points. Two hundred and thirteen students took part in the study. The main dependent variables were physical activity and sitting time, measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Parametric and non-parametric tests were used for paired and unpaired data, as well as group-stratified analysis. During lockdown, both weekly physical activity (MD: −159.87; CI: −100.44, −219.31) and weekly sitting time increased (MD: −106.76; CI: −71.85, −141.67). In the group analysis, differences were observed in relation to gender, year of study, BMI, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, symptoms of anxiety/depression, Mediterranean diet, living situation and stage of change. The results showed an increase in both physical activity and sitting time globally and by group. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186567 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186567 id: cord-013390-i5h7ob3n author: Salem, Haya title: Psychosocial Aspects of Female Breast Cancer in the Middle East and North Africa date: 2020-09-18 words: 7571.0 sentences: 353.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-013390-i5h7ob3n.txt txt: ./txt/cord-013390-i5h7ob3n.txt summary: Collaboration between mass media, health and education systems, and leading social-religious figures plays a major role in overcoming psychological and cultural barriers, including beliefs surrounding pain, fear, embarrassment, and modesty, particularly for women of lower socioeconomic status and women living in crises and conflict zones. We used the keywords "society", "culture", "breast cancer", "women", "screening", "quality of life", "attitudes", "stigma", "women", "Arab", "Muslim", "family", "coping", "mental health", and "religion". This review found that several socio-cultural and political factors affect Arab women''s quality of life when they are diagnosed with and treated for breast cancer. Our review found that being a working and educated mother does not necessarily indicate better self-care or better awareness of BSE; in fact, we found that knowing someone, such as a family member or friend, who was diagnosed with breast cancer had a stronger impact on self-health management, resulting from fear that prompted women to perform self-or clinical screening. abstract: Breast cancer, the most common cancer among women in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, is associated with social and psychological implications deriving from women’s socio-cultural contexts. Examining 74 articles published between 2007 and 2019, this literature/narrative review explores the psychosocial aspects of female breast cancer in the MENA region. It highlights socio-cultural barriers to seeking help and socio-political factors influencing women’s experience with the disease. In 17 of 22 Arab countries, common findings emerge which derive from shared cultural values. Findings indicate that women lack knowledge of breast cancer screening (BCS) and breast cancer self-examination (BSE) benefits/techniques due to a lack of physicians’ recommendations, fear, embarrassment, cultural beliefs, and a lack of formal and informal support systems. Women in rural areas or with low socioeconomic status further lack access to health services. Women with breast cancer, report low self-esteem due to gender dynamics and a tendency towards fatalism. Collaboration between mass media, health and education systems, and leading social-religious figures plays a major role in overcoming psychological and cultural barriers, including beliefs surrounding pain, fear, embarrassment, and modesty, particularly for women of lower socioeconomic status and women living in crises and conflict zones. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7559584/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186802 id: cord-307362-1bxx4db2 author: Salmerón-Manzano, Esther title: Bibliometric Studies and Worldwide Research Trends on Global Health date: 2020-08-09 words: 882.0 sentences: 62.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-307362-1bxx4db2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-307362-1bxx4db2.txt summary: title: Bibliometric Studies and Worldwide Research Trends on Global Health Therefore, in this Special Issue, the problems related to global health have been addressed from a bibliometric approach in four main areas: environmental issues, diseases, health, education and society. Two topics of special interest to society today are environmental research and public health, and within these larger topics are sub-topics related to global health. Therefore, articles reviewing the state of the art in any of these fields, bibliometric or scientometric studies, and research articles dealing with a global perspective are welcome. Table 3 summarizes the research conducted by the authors in this Special Issue, by identifying the areas to which they report. Finally, research related to education and society: academic performance, patents, bibliometric analysis, and social networks and young people. Global Mapping of Research Trends on Interventions to Improve Health-Related Quality of Life in Asthma Patients abstract: Global health, conceived as a discipline, aims to train, research and respond to problems of a transboundary nature in order to improve health and health equity at the global level. The current worldwide situation is ruled by globalization, and therefore the concept of global health involves not only health-related issues but also those related to the environment and climate change. Therefore, in this Special Issue, the problems related to global health have been addressed from a bibliometric approach in four main areas: environmental issues, diseases, health, education and society. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165748 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165748 id: cord-271887-blwrpf38 author: Sampa, Masuda Begum title: Redesigning Portable Health Clinic Platform as a Remote Healthcare System to Tackle COVID-19 Pandemic Situation in Unreached Communities date: 2020-06-30 words: 5654.0 sentences: 271.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-271887-blwrpf38.txt txt: ./txt/cord-271887-blwrpf38.txt summary: Our initial examination of the suitability of the PHC and its associated technologies as a key contributor to public health responses is designed to "flatten the curve", particularly among unreached high-risk NCD populations in developing countries. Portable Health Clinic (PHC) services, which is an RHS, have proven efficacy in providing necessary information and preventive measures for people without access to healthcare facilities [17] [18] [19] . No previous study to date has examined the scopes of designing and developing an RHS based on the general requirements to facilitate primary screening and triaging COVID-19 and primary healthcare services for preventing COVID-19 and controlling NCDs. However, such screening and triaging COVID-19 by an RHS is important for cost-effective check-ups and for reducing the risk of transmission for unreached communities with various needs. In its existing functional form, deploying the PHC and related RHS technologies for socially distanced populations during a public health emergency, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, is beneficial in reducing the risk of transmission to frontline healthcare professionals. abstract: Medical staff carry an inordinate risk of infection from patients, and many doctors, nurses, and other healthcare workers are affected by COVID-19 worldwide. The unreached communities with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as chronic cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, digestive, or renal diseases became more vulnerable during this pandemic situation. In both cases, Remote Healthcare Systems (RHS) may help minimize the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. This study used the WHO guidelines and Design Science Research (DSR) framework to redesign the Portable Health Clinic (PHC), an RHS, for the containment of the spread of COVID-19 as well as proposed corona logic (C-Logic) for the main symptoms of COVID-19. Using the distributed service platform of PHC, a trained healthcare worker with appropriate testing kits can screen high-risk individuals and can help optimize triage to medical services. PHC with its new triage algorithm (C-Logic) classifies the patients according to whether the patient needs to move to a clinic for a PCR test. Through modified PHC service, we can help people to boost their knowledge, attitude (feelings/beliefs), and self-efficacy to execute preventing measures. Our initial examination of the suitability of the PHC and its associated technologies as a key contributor to public health responses is designed to “flatten the curve”, particularly among unreached high-risk NCD populations in developing countries. Theoretically, this study contributes to design science research by introducing a modified healthcare providing model. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134709 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134709 id: cord-283398-wplz8o2k author: Sanders, Chris title: “You Need ID to Get ID”: A Scoping Review of Personal Identification as a Barrier to and Facilitator of the Social Determinants of Health in North America date: 2020-06-13 words: 7709.0 sentences: 352.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-283398-wplz8o2k.txt txt: ./txt/cord-283398-wplz8o2k.txt summary: Through this scoping review, we seek to enter into this conversation regarding barriers to obtaining PID by highlighting the ways in which the problems posed by a lack of PID are particularly pronounced for people living in rural, northern, and remote access communities-people whom we already know experience poorer health outcomes than residents in metropolitan and suburban areas, and whom to date have been largely ignored in the scholarship [8] . In Canada, for instance, Indigenous people make up a significant proportion of the population in the rural and provincial north, and further clarity is needed on the unique PID problems facing this population, such as birth registration and the acquisition of birth certificates, as well as the difficulties of obtaining PID in areas with extremely limited access to state social and health services [6] . abstract: Personal identification (PID) is an important, if often overlooked, barrier to accessing the social determinants of health for many marginalized people in society. A scoping review was undertaken to explore the range of research addressing the role of PID in the social determinants of health in North America, barriers to acquiring and maintaining PID, and to identify gaps in the existing research. A systematic search of academic and gray literature was performed, and a thematic analysis of the included studies (n = 31) was conducted. The themes identified were: (1) gaining and retaining identification, (2) access to health and social services, and (3) facilitating identification programs. The findings suggest a paucity of research on PID services and the role of PID in the social determinants of health. We contend that research is urgently required to build a more robust understanding of existing PID service models, particularly in rural contexts, as well as on barriers to accessing and maintaining PID, especially among the most marginalized groups in society. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124227 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124227 id: cord-273565-0en2sl3q author: Scarano, Antonio title: Facial Skin Temperature and Discomfort When Wearing Protective Face Masks: Thermal Infrared Imaging Evaluation and Hands Moving the Mask date: 2020-06-27 words: 4215.0 sentences: 215.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-273565-0en2sl3q.txt txt: ./txt/cord-273565-0en2sl3q.txt summary: title: Facial Skin Temperature and Discomfort When Wearing Protective Face Masks: Thermal Infrared Imaging Evaluation and Hands Moving the Mask The aim of the present study was to compare the facial skin temperature and the heat flow when wearing medical surgical masks to the same factors when wearing N95 respirators. Infrared thermal evaluation was performed to measure the facial temperature of the perioral region and the perception ratings related to the humidity, heat, breathing difficulty, and discomfort were recorded. The study results suggest that N95 respirators are able to induce an increased facial skin temperature, greater discomfort and lower wearing adherence when compared to the medical surgical masks. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate facial skin temperature, discomfort and hands moving the mask when wearing surgical masks or N95 respirators, with thermal Infrared Imaging. abstract: Individual respiratory protective devices and face masks represent critical tools in protecting health care workers in hospitals and clinics, and play a central role in decreasing the spread of the high-risk pandemic infection of 2019, coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The aim of the present study was to compare the facial skin temperature and the heat flow when wearing medical surgical masks to the same factors when wearing N95 respirators. A total of 20 subjects were recruited and during the evaluation, each subject was invited to wear a surgical mask or respirator for 1 h. The next day in the morning at the same hour, the same subject wore a N95 mask for 1 h with the same protocol. Infrared thermal evaluation was performed to measure the facial temperature of the perioral region and the perception ratings related to the humidity, heat, breathing difficulty, and discomfort were recorded. A significant difference in heat flow and perioral region temperature was recorded between the surgical mask and the N95 respirator (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference in humidity, heat, breathing difficulty, and discomfort was present between the groups. The study results suggest that N95 respirators are able to induce an increased facial skin temperature, greater discomfort and lower wearing adherence when compared to the medical surgical masks. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134624 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134624 id: cord-340128-qxkopvot author: Schreibauer, Elena Christina title: Work-Related Psychosocial Stress in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: An Integrative Review date: 2020-10-13 words: 6974.0 sentences: 397.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt txt: ./txt/cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt summary: Conclusions: This review underlines the need for more and better quality research of psychosocial factors in SMEs, particularly in relation to ongoing and new challenges in the workplace, including stressors related to the process of digitalization or the development of safe working conditions during the emerge of new infectious diseases. The reviews did, however, not specifically focus on the situation of employers and employees working in SMEs. Furthermore, the Joint German Occupational Safety and Health Strategy (GDA) published recommendations for implementing psychosocial risk assessments listing five work patterns (i.e., work characteristics) that have been identified as primary stress factors in the workplace [39] : To the best of our knowledge, this review is the first to summarize and categorize the current evidence on work-related psychosocial demands with a specific focus on small and medium sized enterprises to identify gaps in current knowledge and provide a systematic overview of which psychosocial factors, outcomes and economic sectors have been considered to date. abstract: Background: Work-related psychosocial stress can cause mental and physical illnesses resulting in high costs for the individual, the economy and society. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) employ the majority of the world’s workforce and often have fewer financial and human resources compared to larger businesses. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge on work-related stress in SMEs according to well-established guidelines categorizing psychosocial factors at work. Methods: A systematic database search was carried out in PubMed, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX and Business Source Premiere from March to June 2019, updated in January 2020. Data of included studies were analyzed and mapped into five themes: “work content and task”, “organization of work”, “social relations”, “working environment” and “new forms of work”. Results: After full-text screening, 45 out of 116 studies were included for data extraction. Studies were very heterogeneous and of varying quality, mostly applying a cross-sectional study design. Psychosocial factors in SMEs have been researched with a focus on the work patterns “work organization” and “work content and task”. Conclusions: This review underlines the need for more and better quality research of psychosocial factors in SMEs, particularly in relation to ongoing and new challenges in the workplace, including stressors related to the process of digitalization or the development of safe working conditions during the emerge of new infectious diseases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33066111/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207446 id: cord-287196-re4sosff author: Shahzad, Fakhar title: Perceived Threat of COVID-19 Contagion and Frontline Paramedics’ Agonistic Behaviour: Employing a Stressor–Strain–Outcome Perspective date: 2020-07-15 words: 8747.0 sentences: 505.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-287196-re4sosff.txt txt: ./txt/cord-287196-re4sosff.txt summary: The results found that the perceived threat of COVID-19 contagion (emotional and cognitive threat) was positively correlated with physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion, which led toward agonistic behaviour. Further, perceived social support was a key moderator that negatively affected the relationships between agonistic behaviour and physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion. Therefore, our study also examined the moderating role of PSS on the association between selected strain factors (physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion) and the agonistic behaviour of frontline paramedics. Moreover, the sequential process of the SSO model has been used to test the theoretical avowals made in this study, which includes how perceived threat of COVID-19 affect the agonistic behaviour of frontline paramedics by creating physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion. Our study concludes that the effect of perceived COVID-19 threat on predicting greater levels of physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion among frontline healthcare paramedics may contribute to their agonistic behaviour. abstract: Historically, infectious diseases have been the leading cause of human psychosomatic strain and death tolls. This research investigated the recent threat of COVID-19 contagion, especially its impact among frontline paramedics treating patients with COVID-19, and their perception of self-infection, which ultimately increases their agonistic behaviour. Based on the stressor–strain–outcome paradigm, a research model was proposed and investigated using survey-based data through a structured questionnaire. The results found that the perceived threat of COVID-19 contagion (emotional and cognitive threat) was positively correlated with physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion, which led toward agonistic behaviour. Further, perceived social support was a key moderator that negatively affected the relationships between agonistic behaviour and physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion. These findings significantly contributed to the current literature concerning COVID-19 and pandemic-related effects on human behaviour. This study also theorized the concept of human agonistic behaviour, which has key implications for future researchers. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145102 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145102 id: cord-302553-d0hk4ipg author: Shan, Siqing title: Infectious or Recovered? Optimizing the Infectious Disease Detection Process for Epidemic Control and Prevention Based on Social Media date: 2020-09-19 words: 11756.0 sentences: 633.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-302553-d0hk4ipg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-302553-d0hk4ipg.txt summary: This paper aims to optimize the disease surveillance process by further identifying the infectious or recovered period of flu cases through social media. The main research rationale of this study is straightforward, i.e., first, to investigate the relationship between the sentiment polarity and the flu period from social networks, and second, to optimize the disease detecting process by predicting the different periods of flu. The content inside the dotted line (shown in Figure 2 ) is the main research content of this paper, which aims to find the flu-related weibos and further determine the flu period to improve the accuracy of infectious disease detection. This paper aims to detect the flu period with sentiment polarity at the word and text level based on Sina Weibo data (web-based social media platform), and it proposes optimization suggestions for optimizing the disease detecting process. abstract: Detecting the period of a disease is of great importance to building information management capacity in disease control and prevention. This paper aims to optimize the disease surveillance process by further identifying the infectious or recovered period of flu cases through social media. Specifically, this paper explores the potential of using public sentiment to detect flu periods at word level. At text level, we constructed a deep learning method to classify the flu period and improve the classification result with sentiment polarity. Three important findings are revealed. Firstly, bloggers in different periods express significantly different sentiments. Blogger sentiments in the recovered period are more positive than in the infectious period when measured by the interclass distance. Secondly, the optimized disease detection process can substantially improve the classification accuracy of flu periods from 0.876 to 0.926. Thirdly, our experimental results confirm that sentiment classification plays a crucial role in accuracy improvement. Precise identification of disease periods enhances the channels for the disease surveillance processes. Therefore, a disease outbreak can be predicted credibly when a larger population is monitored. The research method proposed in our work also provides decision making reference for proactive and effective epidemic control and prevention in real time. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32961734/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186853 id: cord-306690-s5mxes4r author: Shangguan, Ziheng title: What Caused the Outbreak of COVID-19 in China: From the Perspective of Crisis Management date: 2020-05-08 words: 8704.0 sentences: 408.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-306690-s5mxes4r.txt txt: ./txt/cord-306690-s5mxes4r.txt summary: Since the first known case of a COVID-19 infected patient in Wuhan, China on 8 December 2019, COVID-19 has spread to more than 200 countries, causing a worldwide public health crisis. This article attempts to fill this research gap through analysis of big data, officially released information and other social media sources to understand the root cause of the crisis as it relates to China''s current management system and public health policy. Since the first known case of a COVID-19 infected patient in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China on 8 December 2019 [1] , COVID-19 has spread to more than 200 countries and infected over three million people worldwide (as of 28 April 2020), causing a worldwide public health crisis. This article attempts to fill this research gap through analysis of big data, officially released information and other social media sources to understand the root cause of the crisis from the aspects of China''s current management system and public health policy. abstract: Since the first known case of a COVID-19 infected patient in Wuhan, China on 8 December 2019, COVID-19 has spread to more than 200 countries, causing a worldwide public health crisis. The existing literature fails to examine what caused this sudden outbreak from a crisis management perspective. This article attempts to fill this research gap through analysis of big data, officially released information and other social media sources to understand the root cause of the crisis as it relates to China’s current management system and public health policy. The article draws the following conclusions: firstly, strict government control over information was the main reason for the early silencing of media announcements, which directly caused most people to be unprepared and unaware of COVID-19. Secondly, a choice between addressing a virus with an unknown magnitude and nature, and mitigating known public panic during a politically and culturally sensitive time, lead to falsehood and concealment. Thirdly, the weak autonomous management power of local public health management departments is not conducive for providing a timely response to the crisis. Finally, the privatization of many state-owned hospitals led to the unavailability of public health medical resources to serve affected patients in the Wuhan and Hubei Province. This article suggests that China should adopt a Singaporean-style public health crisis information management system to ensure information disclosure and information symmetry and should use it to monitor public health crises in real time. In addition, the central government should adopt the territorial administration model of a public health crisis and increase investment in public health in China. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32397199/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093279 id: cord-307038-c58mzcu9 author: Shukla, Nagesh title: A Review of Models Used for Investigating Barriers to Healthcare Access in Australia date: 2020-06-08 words: 8790.0 sentences: 427.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt summary: This review study is an attempt to understand the various modeling approaches used by researchers to analyze diverse barriers related to specific disease types and the various areal distributions in the country. The study introduced a multilevel approach to assess area-level variation in colorectal cancer survival due to causative factors (disease stage, comorbidity, patient characteristics and healthcare access) and analyze their individual contribution to survival. Most of the studies used the line-of-sight method to measure distances to dental care instead of determining travel time as they focused on metropolitan regions with a focus on using geospatial tools to identify accessibility [13, 16] . Current research practice is lacking in various domains ranging from spatial accessibility techniques to the consideration of patient characteristics and the analysis of different disease types as well as studies concerning only rural/remote areas. abstract: Understanding barriers to healthcare access is a multifaceted challenge, which is often highly diverse depending on location and the prevalent surroundings. The barriers can range from transport accessibility to socio-economic conditions, ethnicity and various patient characteristics. Australia has one of the best healthcare systems in the world; however, there are several concerns surrounding its accessibility, primarily due to the vast geographical area it encompasses. This review study is an attempt to understand the various modeling approaches used by researchers to analyze diverse barriers related to specific disease types and the various areal distributions in the country. In terms of barriers, the most affected people are those living in rural and remote parts, and the situation is even worse for indigenous people. These models have mostly focused on the use of statistical models and spatial modeling. The review reveals that most of the focus has been on cancer-related studies and understanding accessibility among the rural and urban population. Future work should focus on further categorizing the population based on indigeneity, migration status and the use of advanced computational models. This article should not be considered an exhaustive review of every aspect as each section deserves a separate review of its own. However, it highlights all the key points, covered under several facets which can be used by researchers and policymakers to understand the current limitations and the steps that need to be taken to improve health accessibility. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32521710/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17114087 id: cord-348717-qgny6f6y author: Shumba, Constance title: Reorienting Nurturing Care for Early Childhood Development during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Kenya: A Review date: 2020-09-25 words: 8589.0 sentences: 390.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-348717-qgny6f6y.txt txt: ./txt/cord-348717-qgny6f6y.txt summary: Anecdotal evidence in Kenya shows that the COVID-19 pandemic is contributing to deteriorating optimal environments that threaten children''s early development and has direct health impacts on caregivers and children [11] [12] [13] . There are several far-reaching, interlinked direct and indirect impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated control measures on nurturing care and related ECD outcomes including children''s cognitive, physical, language, motor, and social and emotional development (Figure 1 ). There is a need to build and leverage community level programs and policy support, targeting children at risk of abuse and neglect, and adolescents at risk of early pregnancy, to ameliorate the negative effects of the pandemic, such as poor nurturing care environments and transactional sex for food and pads among adolescent girls, all of which subsequently leading to poor child development outcomes. abstract: In Kenya, millions of children have limited access to nurturing care. With the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is anticipated that vulnerable children will bear the biggest brunt of the direct and indirect impacts of the pandemic. This review aimed to deepen understanding of the effects of COVID-19 on nurturing care from conception to four years of age, a period where the care of children is often delivered through caregivers or other informal platforms. The review has drawn upon the empirical evidence from previous pandemics and epidemics, and anecdotal and emerging evidence from the ongoing COVID-19 crisis. Multifactorial impacts fall into five key domains: direct health; health and nutrition systems; economic protection; social and child protection; and child development and early learning. The review proposes program and policy strategies to guide the reorientation of nurturing care, prevent the detrimental effects associated with deteriorating nurturing care environments, and support the optimal development of the youngest and most vulnerable children. These include the provision of cash transfers and essential supplies for vulnerable households and strengthening of community-based platforms for nurturing care. Further research on COVID-19 and the ability of children’s ecology to provide nurturing care is needed, as is further testing of new ideas. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32992966/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197028 id: cord-355318-qm79gz8w author: Smit, Albertus J. title: Winter Is Coming: A Southern Hemisphere Perspective of the Environmental Drivers of SARS-CoV-2 and the Potential Seasonality of COVID-19 date: 2020-08-05 words: 15419.0 sentences: 706.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt txt: ./txt/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt summary: Knowledge of other viral respiratory diseases suggests that the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 could be modulated by seasonally varying environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Thus, if climate factors do play a role in COVID-19 infection rates, the concurrence of transition of southern hemisphere countries to their winter season with the mid-stages of the disease transmission trajectory is of concern, especially with respect to containment policy and health system resource allocation. Environmental variables considered in preprint and peer-reviewed publications as modulators of SARS-CoV-2 transmission rates include mean, minimum and/or maximum daily temperature, and diurnal temperature range; an undefined ''humidity'' variable, relative humidity, specific humidity and absolute humidity; dew point temperature; rainfall; wind speed or wind power; air pressure; some metric of solar or UV radiation; and ''air quality'' (Supplementary Tables S1 and S2 ). The general prevalence of climatologically-coupled seasonal signals and environmental variable modulation seen in the majority of other viral respiratory diseases creates the expectation for a similar effect on SARS-CoV-2 and in COVID-19 epidemiology. abstract: SARS-CoV-2 virus infections in humans were first reported in December 2019, the boreal winter. The resulting COVID-19 pandemic was declared by the WHO in March 2020. By July 2020, COVID-19 was present in 213 countries and territories, with over 12 million confirmed cases and over half a million attributed deaths. Knowledge of other viral respiratory diseases suggests that the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 could be modulated by seasonally varying environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Many studies on the environmental sensitivity of COVID-19 are appearing online, and some have been published in peer-reviewed journals. Initially, these studies raised the hypothesis that climatic conditions would subdue the viral transmission rate in places entering the boreal summer, and that southern hemisphere countries would experience enhanced disease spread. For the latter, the COVID-19 peak would coincide with the peak of the influenza season, increasing misdiagnosis and placing an additional burden on health systems. In this review, we assess the evidence that environmental drivers are a significant factor in the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic, globally and regionally. We critically assessed 42 peer-reviewed and 80 preprint publications that met qualifying criteria. Since the disease has been prevalent for only half a year in the northern, and one-quarter of a year in the southern hemisphere, datasets capturing a full seasonal cycle in one locality are not yet available. Analyses based on space-for-time substitutions, i.e., using data from climatically distinct locations as a surrogate for seasonal progression, have been inconclusive. The reported studies present a strong northern bias. Socio-economic conditions peculiar to the ‘Global South’ have been omitted as confounding variables, thereby weakening evidence of environmental signals. We explore why research to date has failed to show convincing evidence for environmental modulation of COVID-19, and discuss directions for future research. We conclude that the evidence thus far suggests a weak modulation effect, currently overwhelmed by the scale and rate of the spread of COVID-19. Seasonally modulated transmission, if it exists, will be more evident in 2021 and subsequent years. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165634 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165634 id: cord-346388-j6pajd68 author: Song, Hwasung title: Tourism Destination Management Strategy for Young Children: Willingness to Pay for Child-Friendly Tourism Facilities and Services at a Heritage Site date: 2020-09-28 words: 5627.0 sentences: 286.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-346388-j6pajd68.txt txt: ./txt/cord-346388-j6pajd68.txt summary: Therefore, the present study examines the preferences of tourists in order to establish a tourism destination management strategy for young children as a type of accessible tourism from a public perspective. Choice experiments (CEs) were used to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) for facilities and services for young children at a tourist destination, in order to understand preferences. From this perspective, it has become important to consider the level of accessibility for young children when designing facilities and services of tourist destinations. Therefore, CE was selected as the analysis method for understanding tourists'' preferences for child-friendly tourism facilities and services and developing a tourism destination management strategy for young children. Preferences for facilities and services for young children were identified using CEs. The study site was Hwaseong Fortress, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, located in Suwon City, a leader in the clean restroom culture. abstract: The present study seeks to establish tourism destination management centered on young children for accessible tourism from a public perspective. Preferences for services and facilities for young children were identified using a choice experiment (CE). The present study was conducted at Hwaseong Fortress, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, located in Suwon City, which leads the clean restroom culture. Overall, 1870 experiments were conducted with 374 participants to estimate their willingness to pay for child-friendly tourism facilities and services. As a result, willingness to pay was found in the order of specialized courses for young children, rest areas, restrooms, and rides. In conclusion, the importance of health/hygiene and amenities has implications for tourism destination management for young children. This study contributes to a better understanding of families with young children by evaluating preferences for levels of services and facilities for young children. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197100 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197100 id: cord-334889-mn8ctg6x author: Song, Yang title: Current Evidence on Traditional Chinese Exercise for Cancers: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials date: 2020-07-12 words: 4799.0 sentences: 240.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-334889-mn8ctg6x.txt txt: ./txt/cord-334889-mn8ctg6x.txt summary: Despite the methodological limitation and relatively high risk of bias possessed by some included studies, positive evidence was still detected on the effects of TCE on these cancer-related health outcomes in physical, psychological, and physiological parameters. (3) Types of interventions: Studies where TCE (e.g., Qigong, Tai Chi Chuan, and Baduanjin) was applied in the intervention group were included, but there is no restriction on the control group where usual care, low-intensity exercises, health education, or psychological therapy can be used. (3) Types of interventions: Studies where TCE (e.g., Qigong, Tai Chi Chuan, and Baduanjin) was applied in the intervention group were included, but there is no restriction on the control group where usual care, low-intensity exercises, health education, or psychological therapy can be used. They reported that a 12-week Yang-style Tai Chi Chuan intervention for three times per week with 60 min per time can exert more positive effects on bone health of breast cancer patients. abstract: Traditional Chinese exercise (TCE) has gradually become one of the widespread complementary therapies for treatment and recovery of cancers. However, evidence based on the systematic evaluation of its efficacy is lacking, and there appears to be no conclusion regarding the setting of TCE interventions. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize the current randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that outline the effects of TCE on cancer patients. Relevant studies were searched by GOOGLE SCHOLAR, SCIENCEDIRECT, and WEB OF SCIENCE using “traditional Chinese exercise” and “cancer.” Only RCTs published in peer-reviewed English journals were included. A total of 27 studies covering 1616 cancer patients satisfied the eligibility criteria for this review. Despite the methodological limitation and relatively high risk of bias possessed by some included studies, positive evidence was still detected on the effects of TCE on these cancer-related health outcomes in physical, psychological, and physiological parameters. The 60-min or 90-min course of TCE intervention for two to three times per week for 10 to 12 weeks was found to be the most common setting in these studies and has effectively benefited cancer patients. These findings add scientific support to encourage cancer patients to practice TCE during or after conventional medical treatment. Nevertheless, future well-designed RCTs with improved methodology and larger sample size on this field are much warranted for further verification. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145011 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145011 id: cord-285513-pkqos0s5 author: Stangvaltaite-Mouhat, Lina title: Dental Health Services Response to COVID-19 in Norway date: 2020-08-12 words: 5745.0 sentences: 264.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-285513-pkqos0s5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-285513-pkqos0s5.txt summary: Therefore, the aim of this case study was to investigate how urgent dental health care was managed in Norway, what additional infection prevention and control measures were employed by dental staff and to assess the dental staff perception of risk and workplace preparedness. Out of the dental staff working in clinics designated to treat patients suspected or confirmed to have COVID-19, up to 20% reported not to have available respirators FFP2 or FFP3 standard or equivalent, gowns and aprons in their workplace; there was a significant difference among the county incidence categories. Dental staff in public sector, OR 0.3 (CI 0.2; 0.5) and those working at clinics not designated to treat patients suspected or confirmed to have COVID-19, OR 0.6 (0.4; 0.9) were less positive to preparedness of their workplace regarding infection control equipment. In the present study, the majority of the dental staff working at the clinics designated to treat patients suspected or confirmed to have COVID-19, reported to follow local guidelines for additional infection prevention and control developed by county and university. abstract: We aimed to investigate the management of urgent dental care, the perception of risk and workplace preparedness among dental staff in Norway during the COVID-19 pandemic. An electronic questionnaire regarding the strictest confinement period in Norway (13 March–17 April 2020) was distributed to dental staff. Among the 1237 respondents, 727 (59%) treated patients, of whom 170 (14%) worked in clinics designated to treat patients suspected or confirmed to have COVID-19. Out of them 88% (143) received training and 64% (103) simulation in additional infection prevention procedures, while 27 (24%) respondents reported deviation. In total, 1051 (85%) respondents perceived that dental staff had a high risk of being infected, 1039 (84%) that their workplace handled the current situation well, 767 (62%) that their workplace had adequate infection control equipment and 507 (41%) agreed that their workplace is well equipped to handle an escalation. Before an appointment, 1182 (96%) respondents always/often inquired per phone information if a patient experienced symptoms of COVID-19, and 1104 (89%) asked about a history of travel to affected areas. Twice as many patients on average per week were treated by phone than in a clinic. A lower proportion of dental staff in high incidence counties applied additional infection prevention measures compared to low and medium incidence counties. To conclude, urgent dental health care was managed relatively well in Norway. Additional training of the dental staff in adequate infection prevention and step-by-step procedures may be needed. These results may be used to improve the dental health service’s response to future outbreaks. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165843 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165843 id: cord-347126-hvrly37e author: Stanton, Robert title: Depression, Anxiety and Stress during COVID-19: Associations with Changes in Physical Activity, Sleep, Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Australian Adults date: 2020-06-07 words: 5474.0 sentences: 250.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-347126-hvrly37e.txt txt: ./txt/cord-347126-hvrly37e.txt summary: title: Depression, Anxiety and Stress during COVID-19: Associations with Changes in Physical Activity, Sleep, Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Australian Adults The combined effect of changes in lifestyle behaviors; confinement to the home through government restrictions in travel; and elevated depression, anxiety and stress associated with the current COVID-19 pandemic, may have significant negative impacts on sleep [14] . Therefore, the present study aims to examine associations between depression, anxiety and stress and changes in health behaviors, including physical activity, sleep, smoking and alcohol use subsequent to the onset of COVID-19 and the implementation of social isolation rules in Australia. The present study examined the association between depression, anxiety and stress and the change in health behaviors of physical activity, sleep, smoking and alcohol use subsequent to the onset of COVID-19, as individual health behaviors and as a health behavior change index composite score. abstract: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has enforced dramatic changes to daily living including economic and health impacts. Evidence for the impact of these changes on our physical and mental health and health behaviors is limited. We examined the associations between psychological distress and changes in selected health behaviors since the onset of COVID-19 in Australia. An online survey was distributed in April 2020 and included measures of depression, anxiety, stress, physical activity, sleep, alcohol intake and cigarette smoking. The survey was completed by 1491 adults (mean age 50.5 ± 14.9 years, 67% female). Negative change was reported for physical activity (48.9%), sleep (40.7%), alcohol (26.6%) and smoking (6.9%) since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Significantly higher scores in one or more psychological distress states were found for females, and those not in a relationship, in the lowest income category, aged 18–45 years, or with a chronic illness. Negative changes in physical activity, sleep, smoking and alcohol intake were associated with higher depression, anxiety and stress symptoms. Health-promotion strategies directed at adopting or maintaining positive health-related behaviors should be utilized to address increases in psychological distress during the pandemic. Ongoing evaluation of the impact of lifestyle changes associated with the pandemic is needed. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114065 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17114065 id: cord-259149-svryhcgy author: Su, Yue title: Examining the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown in Wuhan and Lombardy: A Psycholinguistic Analysis on Weibo and Twitter date: 2020-06-24 words: 4770.0 sentences: 278.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-259149-svryhcgy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-259149-svryhcgy.txt summary: We achieved the aim by (1) sampling Weibo users (geo-location = Wuhan, China) and Twitter users (geo-location = Lombardy, Italy); (2) fetching all the users'' published posts two weeks before and after the lockdown in each region (e.g., the lockdown date of Wuhan was 23 January 2020); (3) extracting the psycholinguistic features of these posts using the Simplified Chinese and Italian version of Language Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) dictionary; and (4) conducting Wilcoxon tests to examine the changes in the psycholinguistic characteristics of the posts before and after the lockdown in Wuhan and Lombardy, respectively. In this study, we used the simplified Chinese version of LIWC and Italian LIWC to measure people''s psychological status before and after the lockdown in Wuhan and Lombardy, respectively. These linguistic features imply that social media users'' psychological states were impacted after the COVID-19 lockdown, in both Wuhan and Lombardy. abstract: Many countries are taking strict quarantine policies to prevent the rapid spread of COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) around the world, such as city lockdown. Cities in China and Italy were locked down in the early stage of the pandemic. The present study aims to examine and compare the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on individuals’ psychological states in China and Italy. We achieved the aim by (1) sampling Weibo users (geo-location = Wuhan, China) and Twitter users (geo-location = Lombardy, Italy); (2) fetching all the users’ published posts two weeks before and after the lockdown in each region (e.g., the lockdown date of Wuhan was 23 January 2020); (3) extracting the psycholinguistic features of these posts using the Simplified Chinese and Italian version of Language Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) dictionary; and (4) conducting Wilcoxon tests to examine the changes in the psycholinguistic characteristics of the posts before and after the lockdown in Wuhan and Lombardy, respectively. Results showed that individuals focused more on “home”, and expressed a higher level of cognitive process after a lockdown in both Wuhan and Lombardy. Meanwhile, the level of stress decreased, and the attention to leisure increased in Lombardy after the lockdown. The attention to group, religion, and emotions became more prevalent in Wuhan after the lockdown. Findings provide decision-makers timely evidence on public reactions and the impacts on psychological states in the COVID-19 context, and have implications for evidence-based mental health interventions in two countries. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124552 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124552 id: cord-277228-zk4arqw5 author: Suleiman, Aiman title: Preparedness of Frontline Doctors in Jordan Healthcare Facilities to COVID-19 Outbreak date: 2020-05-02 words: 3545.0 sentences: 189.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-277228-zk4arqw5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-277228-zk4arqw5.txt summary: The questionnaire was designed to evaluate preparedness according to knowledge about virus transmission and protective measures, adherence to protection guidelines, and psychological impacts affecting doctors. Doctors having institutional protocols for dealing with COVID-19 cases and those with sustained availability of PPE reported higher scores of preparedness (5.5 ± 2.3 and 6.2 ± 2.1 with p < 0.001, respectively). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the preparedness of frontline doctors to COVID-19 outbreak in Jordan and in the Middle East. Independent t-test was used to investigate for significant associations between self-reported preparedness score, knowledge score, and adherence score with gender, presence of institutional protocol for dealing with COVID-19 patients, availability of PPE, psychological interactions, institutional support, and previously dealing with COVID-19-positive or suspected patients. Institutional preparedness is reflected by making safety measures available for doctors and by providing clear protocols to deal with COVID-19 patients. abstract: The number of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease of 2019) cases in Jordan is rising rapidly. A serious threat to the healthcare system appears on the horizon. Our study aims to evaluate preparedness of Jordanian frontline doctors to the worsening scenario. It has a questionnaire-based cross-sectional structure. The questionnaire was designed to evaluate preparedness according to knowledge about virus transmission and protective measures, adherence to protection guidelines, and psychological impacts affecting doctors. Institutional factors affecting doctors’ readiness like adopting approach protocols and making protection equipment available were investigated; 308 doctors from different healthcare facilities participated (response rate: 53.9%). Approximately 25% of doctors (n = 77) previously took care of COVID-19 patients, and 173 (56.2%) have institutional COVID-19 approach protocols. Only 57 doctors (18.5%) reported all PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) available. The self-reported score of preparedness to deal with COVID-19 patients was 4.9 ± 2.4. Doctors having institutional protocols for dealing with COVID-19 cases and those with sustained availability of PPE reported higher scores of preparedness (5.5 ± 2.3 and 6.2 ± 2.1 with p < 0.001, respectively). Correlations with knowledge score, adherence to PPE score, and psychological impacts were investigated. The study revealed multiple challenges and insufficiencies that can affect frontline doctors’ preparedness. Policy makers are urged to take these findings into consideration and to act promptly. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32370275/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093181 id: cord-351651-6dbt99h0 author: Sun, Zhong title: Potential Factors Influencing Repeated SARS Outbreaks in China date: 2020-03-03 words: 4985.0 sentences: 260.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-351651-6dbt99h0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-351651-6dbt99h0.txt summary: Thus, if bats were the natural hosts of SARS-CoVs, cold temperature and low humidity in these times might provide conducive environmental conditions for prolonged viral survival in these regions concentrated with bats. A study on the genome sequence of diseased pangolins smuggled from Malaysia to China found that pangolins carry coronavirus, suggesting that pangolins may be intermediate hosts for SARS-COV-2 [35] . However, the only source of bats that have been publicly identified as carrying virus phylogenetically close to SARS-CoV-2 is far away from Wuhan in Zhoushan, Zhejiang. However, to confirm this scenario, it is necessary to find wild bats in Wuhan and its neighboring areas that carry CoVs identical to those isolated from various SARS-2 patients. This mini-review evaluated the common epidemiological patterns of both SARS epidemics in China and identified cold, dry winter as a common environmental condition conducive for SARS virus infection to human beings. abstract: Within last 17 years two widespread epidemics of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurred in China, which were caused by related coronaviruses (CoVs): SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Although the origin(s) of these viruses are still unknown and their occurrences in nature are mysterious, some general patterns of their pathogenesis and epidemics are noticeable. Both viruses utilize the same receptor—angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)—for invading human bodies. Both epidemics occurred in cold dry winter seasons celebrated with major holidays, and started in regions where dietary consumption of wildlife is a fashion. Thus, if bats were the natural hosts of SARS-CoVs, cold temperature and low humidity in these times might provide conducive environmental conditions for prolonged viral survival in these regions concentrated with bats. The widespread existence of these bat-carried or -released viruses might have an easier time in breaking through human defenses when harsh winter makes human bodies more vulnerable. Once succeeding in making some initial human infections, spreading of the disease was made convenient with increased social gathering and holiday travel. These natural and social factors influenced the general progression and trajectory of the SARS epidemiology. However, some unique factors might also contribute to the origination of SARS in Wuhan. These factors are discussed in different scenarios in order to promote more research for achieving final validation. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32138266/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051633 id: cord-284272-68ykes60 author: Suso-Ribera, Carlos title: How Much Support Is There for the Recommendations Made to the General Population during Confinement? A Study during the First Three Days of the COVID–19 Quarantine in Spain date: 2020-06-18 words: 5397.0 sentences: 233.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-284272-68ykes60.txt txt: ./txt/cord-284272-68ykes60.txt summary: Therefore, the goal of the present study is to investigate the emotional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to the extent to which a comprehensive set of socio-demographic, behavioral, and personality/cognitive correlate with well-being just at the beginning of the quarantine in Spain (first three days). Status during the Beginning of the Quarantine (First Three Days) and Comparison with Data from the General Population Before the Quarantine As indicated in Table 3 , participants in the present study reported more depressed mood (t = 5.79, p < 0.001, d = 0.30) and anger (t = 4.81, p < 0.001, d = 0.25), as well as less vigor (t = −12.49, p < 0.001, d = 0.69) and friendliness (t = −9.41, p < 0.001, d = 0.47) compared to data from the general population previous to the current COVID-19 crisis [17] . abstract: Background: Recommendations on lifestyles during quarantine have been proposed by researchers and institutions since the COVID–19 crisis emerged. However, most of these have never been tested under real quarantine situations or derive from older investigations conducted mostly in China and Canada in the face of infections other than COVID–19. The present study aimed at exploring the relationship between a comprehensive set of recommended lifestyles, socio–demographic, and personality variables and mood during the first stages of quarantine. Methods: A virtual snow–ball recollection technique was used to disseminate the survey across the general population in Spain starting the first day of mandatory quarantine (15 March 2020) until three days later (17 March). In total, 2683 Spanish adults (mean age = 34.86 years, SD = 13.74 years; 77.7% women) from the general population completed measures on socio–demographic, COVID–related, behavioral, personality/cognitive, and mood characteristics. Results: In the present study, depression and anger were higher than levels reported in a previous investigation before the COVID–19 crisis, while vigor, friendliness, and fatigue were lower. Anxiety levels were comparable. The expected direction of associations was confirmed for the majority of predictors. However, effect sizes were generally small and only a subset of them correlated to most outcomes. Intolerance of unpleasant emotions, neuroticism, and, to a lesser extent, agreeableness, sleep quality, young age, and time spent Internet surfing were the most robust and strongest correlates of mood states. Conclusions: Some recommended lifestyles (i.e., maintaining good quality of sleep and reducing Internet surfing) might be more important than others during the first days of quarantine. Promoting tolerance to unpleasant emotions (e.g., through online, self–managed programs) might also be of upmost importance. So far, recommendations have been made in general, but certain subgroups (e.g., certain personality profiles and young adults) might be especially vulnerable and should receive more attention. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32570832/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124382 id: cord-011540-9jvoa8vr author: Suárez-Barraza, Manuel F. title: Kaizen–Kata, a Problem-Solving Approach to Public Service Health Care in Mexico. A Multiple-Case Study date: 2020-05-09 words: 7804.0 sentences: 343.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-011540-9jvoa8vr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-011540-9jvoa8vr.txt summary: Currently, SPSS is made up of two sectors [2] : (i) the public sector, which includes a variety of social security institutions such as the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), the Institute of Security and Social Services for State Workers (ISSSTE), Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX), the Ministry of Defense (SEDENA), the Ministry of the Navy (SEMAR) and other institutions and programs that • RQ2: What is the level of application of the different steps of Kaizen-Kata methodology in its implementation when solving operational problems? Based on the results of the implementation of Kaizen-Kata methodology in these three public hospitals, it can be stated that there was a successful application in health service processes in each of the cases studied. The answer to the first research question posed about how Kaizen-Kata methodology is applied in the resolution of operational problems in public hospitals in Mexico is based on the procedure carried out and the empirical data obtained in the case study of the three hospitals. abstract: Purpose: Mexico’s public hospitals are experiencing major operational problems which seriously affect the care of Mexican citizens. Some hospitals have initiated efforts to apply the Kaizen philosophy to improve this situation. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to analyze the methodological impact of Kaizen–Kata implementation in Mexican public hospitals that have tried to solve operational problems using this improvement approach. Design/Methodology/Approach: The service organization implemented Kaizen–Kata methodology in order to improve one operational problem-process in health care. A case-study approach was used in this research in order to understand the effects of the Kaizen–Kata methodology in solving problems in their operational procedures. Findings: Six specific drivers were identified when applying the Kaizen–Kata methodology. Furthermore, the impact on the levels of implementation of the Kaizen–Kata methodology in each of the improvement teams studied was also identified. Research Limitations: The main limitation of the research is that only three case-studies are presented thus it is not possible to generalize its results. Practical Implications (Where Possible): Other public hospitals can use this specific example as a working guide to solve the operational problems of health systems. Originality/Value: A methodology of continuous improvement in manufacturing was imported from the industry sector for application in an operational health care process. The Kaizen–Kata methodology contributed significantly to improving issues involving delays, customer complaints, process reworks and extra-cost, among other effects of operational problems. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7246599/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093297 id: cord-299521-igo40dbs author: Sweida, Gloria title: Does Happiness Launch More Businesses? Affect, Gender, and Entrepreneurial Intention date: 2020-09-21 words: 6839.0 sentences: 401.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-299521-igo40dbs.txt txt: ./txt/cord-299521-igo40dbs.txt summary: In one of the first studies to examine how positive affect, negative affect, gender, and gender roles interact with entrepreneurial intention, we conducted an online survey of 849 adults from the western, midwestern, and southern regions of the United States. The main reasons cited for differences between men and women''s EINT are (1) perceptions that the characteristics necessary for successful entrepreneurship are stereotypically male, (2) lack of training for women, (3) unfavorable economic and social environments for women, (4) lack of education for women, and (5) a lack of entrepreneurial self-efficacy among women [48, 49] . The data used for this paper were part of a larger study that utilized an internet-based survey and examined multiple constructs including EINT, acceptance of traditional gender roles, career choice, entrepreneurial industry interest, positive and negative affect, marketing strategies, and kidpreneur activities. The present study explored positive and negative affect, EINT, gender, and acceptance of traditional gender roles. abstract: In one of the first studies to examine how positive affect, negative affect, gender, and gender roles interact with entrepreneurial intention, we conducted an online survey of 849 adults from the western, midwestern, and southern regions of the United States. A higher positive affect was associated with greater intention to start a business, however, lower levels of negative affect were not. As in previous studies, women showed less entrepreneurial intention than men, however, the presence of positive affect had a larger positive impact on women’s entrepreneurial intention than men’s. Contrary to expectations, acceptance of traditional gender roles interacted with entrepreneurial intention such that women’s entrepreneurial intention increased as their support of traditional gender roles increased, and for men, entrepreneurial intention decreased slightly as acceptance of traditional gender roles increased. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32967308/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186908 id: cord-264629-kuknvemy author: Sáez, Gemma title: The Effect of Prescription Drugs and Alcohol Consumption on Intimate Partner Violence Victim Blaming date: 2020-07-01 words: 7324.0 sentences: 354.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-264629-kuknvemy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-264629-kuknvemy.txt summary: Our findings indicate that alcohol consumption, but not prescription drugs use, plays a relevant role in the attribution of blame by general population and self-blame by victims of IPV. The current study aims to explore the effect of prescription drugs and alcohol use on intimate partner violence victim blaming. Therefore, a correlational study was carried out among victims of intimate partner violence to evaluate whether alcohol and psychotropic drug consumption are positively related to self-blaming. Secondly, and focusing on intimate partner violence victims, we evaluated whether the reported consumption of alcohol and prescription drugs would be related to self-blame and self-blaming cognitions. With this goal in mind, the second study using a specific sample of IPV victims aimed to explore the effect that alcohol and prescription drugs have on self-blaming attribution for the violence they had experienced. abstract: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a public health problem with harsh consequences for women’s well-being. Social attitudes towards victims of IPV have a big impact on the perpetuation of this phenomenon. Moreover, specific problems such as the abuse of alcohol and drugs by IPV victims could have an effect on blame attributions towards them. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the external perception (Study 1) and self-perception (Study 2) of blame were influenced by the victims’ use and abuse of alcohol or by the victims’ use of psychotropic prescription drugs. Results of the first study (N = 136 participants) showed a significantly higher blame attribution towards female victims with alcohol abuse compared to those without it. No significant differences were found on blame attributed to those with psychotropic prescription drugs abuse and the control group. Results of the second study (N = 195 female victims of interpersonal violence) showed that alcohol consumption is associated with higher self-blame and self-blame cognitions among IPV victims. However, results did not show significant differences on self-blame associated to the victims’ use of psychotropic prescription drugs. Our findings indicate that alcohol consumption, but not prescription drugs use, plays a relevant role in the attribution of blame by general population and self-blame by victims of IPV. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32630323/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134747 id: cord-274778-wds40e6i author: Tejedor, Santiago title: Information on the COVID-19 Pandemic in Daily Newspapers’ Front Pages: Case Study of Spain and Italy date: 2020-08-31 words: 7822.0 sentences: 378.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-274778-wds40e6i.txt txt: ./txt/cord-274778-wds40e6i.txt summary: title: Information on the COVID-19 Pandemic in Daily Newspapers'' Front Pages: Case Study of Spain and Italy The study analyzes 72 front pages of El País and El Mundo in Spain and Italy''s Corriere della Sera and La Repubblica, collecting 710 news items and 3456 data evidences employing a mixed method (both qualitative and quantitative) based on content analysis and hemerographic analysis. Based on the trust placed on the printed media-as the most credible and rigorous media-this research analyzes a total of 72 front pages of the main daily newspapers in Spain and Italy (36 each) . The research, based on previous studies [33] , analyzes a total of 710 news items extracted from 72 front pages of the four main daily newspapers of Spain and Italy (36 per country). Nonetheless, while in Spain it occupies 62% of the front page; in Italy COVID-19 related pieces cover a striking 80% of the information (see Figure 9 ). abstract: Spain and Italy are amongst the European countries where the COVID-19 pandemic has produced its major impact and where lockdown measures have been the harshest. This research aims at understanding how the corona crisis has been represented in Spanish and Italian media, focusing on reference newspapers. The study analyzes 72 front pages of El País and El Mundo in Spain and Italy’s Corriere della Sera and La Repubblica, collecting 710 news items and 3456 data evidences employing a mixed method (both qualitative and quantitative) based on content analysis and hemerographic analysis. Results show a predominance of informative journalistic genres (especially brief and news), while the visual framing emerging from the photographic choice, tend to foster humanization through an emotional representation of the pandemic. Politicians are the most represented actors, showing a high degree of politicization of the crisis. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32878092/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176330 id: cord-011906-ek7joi0m author: Throuvala, Melina A. title: Mind over Matter: Testing the Efficacy of an Online Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Distraction from Smartphone Use date: 2020-07-05 words: 11409.0 sentences: 603.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-011906-ek7joi0m.txt txt: ./txt/cord-011906-ek7joi0m.txt summary: Given: (i) young adults are keen users of smartphone apps, with increased vulnerability to self-regulation and technology use [74] , (ii) the high stakes for academic achievement, and (iii) the similarity in processes observed between gambling addiction and social media overuse [115] , the strategies of mindfulness, activity monitoring, and mood tracking utilized in gambling harm-reduction [86, 116, 117] are employed in the present study. The present study tested the efficacy of a ten-day online app-delivered randomized controlled trial (RCT) based on cognitive-behavioural principles to reduce distraction (primary outcome) and a number of secondary psychological outcomes: self-awareness, mindful attention, FoMO, anxiety, and depression among university students. The present study tested the efficacy of an online intervention employing an integrative set of strategies-consisting of mindfulness, self-monitoring and mood tracking-in assisting young adults to decrease levels of smartphone distraction and improve on a variety of secondary psychological outcomes, such as mindful attention, emotional awareness, stress and anxiety, and perceived self-efficacy, as well as to reduce stress, anxiety, deficient self-regulation, problematic social media use and smartphone-related psychological outcomes (i.e., online vigilance, FoMO and NoMO). abstract: Evidence suggests a growing call for the prevention of excessive smartphone and social media use and the ensuing distraction that arises affecting academic achievement and productivity. A ten-day online randomized controlled trial with the use of smartphone apps, engaging participants in mindfulness exercises, self-monitoring and mood tracking, was implemented amongst UK university students (n = 143). Participants were asked to complete online pre- and post-intervention assessments. Results indicated high effect sizes in reduction of smartphone distraction and improvement scores on a number of self-reported secondary psychological outcomes. The intervention was not effective in reducing habitual behaviours, nomophobia, or time spent on social media. Mediation analyses demonstrated that: (i) emotional self-awareness but not mindful attention mediated the relationship between intervention effects and smartphone distraction, and (ii) online vigilance mediated the relationship between smartphone distraction and problematic social media use. The present study provides preliminary evidence of the efficacy of an intervention for decreased smartphone distraction and highlights psychological processes involved in this emergent phenomenon in the smartphone literature. Online interventions may serve as complementary strategies to reduce distraction levels and promote insight into online engagement. More research is required to elucidate the mechanisms of digital distraction and assess its implications in problematic use. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7369880/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134842 id: cord-277077-kwaiorp8 author: Tița, Ovidiu title: Use of Yoghurt Enhanced with Volatile Plant Oils Encapsulated in Sodium Alginate to Increase the Human Body’s Immunity in the Present Fight Against Stress date: 2020-10-19 words: 8103.0 sentences: 433.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-277077-kwaiorp8.txt summary: The main purpose of this paper is to create a yoghurt with high antioxidant capacity, using only raw materials from Romania; (2) Methods: The bioactive components used to enrich the cow milk yoghurt were extracted as volatile oils out of four aromatic plants: basil, mint, lavender and fennel. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhy-drazyl (DPPH) method was used to determine the antioxidant activity; (3) Results: The results show that cow milk yoghurt enhanced with volatile oils of basil, lavender, mint and fennel, encapsulated in sodium alginate has an antioxidant and antimicrobial effect as a staple food with multiple effects in increasing the body''s immunity. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of volatile fennel oil is offered by the high content of trans-anethole (63.30%), pinene (11.11%) and fenchone (8.32%) [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an aromatic plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is considered a rich source of essential oils. abstract: (1) Background: The COVID–19 pandemic and the imposition of strict but necessary measures to prevent the spread of the new coronavirus have been, and still are, major stress factors for adults, children, and adolescents. Stress harms human health as it creates free radicals in the human body. According to various recent studies, volatile oils from various aromatic plants have a high content of antioxidants and antimicrobial compounds. An external supply of antioxidants is required to destroy these free radicals. The main purpose of this paper is to create a yoghurt with high antioxidant capacity, using only raw materials from Romania; (2) Methods: The bioactive components used to enrich the cow milk yoghurt were extracted as volatile oils out of four aromatic plants: basil, mint, lavender and fennel. Initially, the compounds were extracted to determine the antioxidant capacity, and subsequently, the antioxidant activity of the yoghurt was determined. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhy-drazyl (DPPH) method was used to determine the antioxidant activity; (3) Results: The results show that cow milk yoghurt enhanced with volatile oils of basil, lavender, mint and fennel, encapsulated in sodium alginate has an antioxidant and antimicrobial effect as a staple food with multiple effects in increasing the body’s immunity. The antioxidant activity proved to be considerably higher than the control sample. The highest antioxidant activity was obtained on the first day of the analysis, decreasing onwards to measurements taken on days 10 and 20. The cow milk yoghurt enriched with volatile basil oil obtained the best results; (4) Conclusions: The paper shows that yoghurts with a high antioxidant capacity were obtained, using only raw materials from Romania. A healthy diet, compliance with safety conditions and finding appropriate and safe methods to increase the body’s immunity is a good alternative to a major transition through harder times, such as pandemics. The creation of food products that include natural antioxidant compounds combines both the current great possibility of developing food production in Romania and the prevention and reduction of the effects caused by pandemic stress in the human body. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33086508/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207588 id: cord-013420-0nmil3yt author: Tombat, Kabir title: Roma Health: An Overview of Communicable Diseases in Eastern and Central Europe date: 2020-10-20 words: 4634.0 sentences: 260.0 pages: flesch: 60.0 cache: ./cache/cord-013420-0nmil3yt.txt txt: ./txt/cord-013420-0nmil3yt.txt summary: A PubMed search was carried out for communicable diseases among Roma in these parts of Europe, specifically in Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Serbia, Slovakia, the Czech Republic and North Macedonia. Roma continue to have a higher prevalence of communicable diseases and are at higher risk of infection than the majority populations of the countries they live in. In 2005, nine Central and Southern EU countries-Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro and Slovakia-along with several international organisations, launched the Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015, committing to allocate resources with the aim of integration and ending discrimination and poverty of Roma communities. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in the HepaMeta population in eastern Slovakia was 7.2 per cent among the Roma (n = 208) compared to 5.3 per cent among non-Roma (n = 132). Roma in Eastern and Central Europe continue to have a higher prevalence of communicable diseases than the majority populations of the countries they live in. abstract: The Roma are Europe’s largest minority. They are also one of its most disadvantaged, with low levels of education and health and high levels of poverty. Research on Roma health often reveals higher burdens of disease in the communities studied. This paper aims to review the literature on communicable diseases among Roma across Eastern and Central Europe. A PubMed search was carried out for communicable diseases among Roma in these parts of Europe, specifically in Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Serbia, Slovakia, the Czech Republic and North Macedonia. The papers were then screened for relevance and utility. Nineteen papers were selected for review; most of them from Slovakia. Roma continue to have a higher prevalence of communicable diseases and are at higher risk of infection than the majority populations of the countries they live in. Roma children in particular have a particularly high prevalence of parasitic disease. However, these differences in disease prevalence are not present across all diseases and all populations. For example, when Roma are compared to non-Roma living in close proximity to them, these differences are often no longer significant. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7588998/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207632 id: cord-267996-5l9shks8 author: Tysiąc-Miśta, Monika title: The Attitudes and Professional Approaches of Dental Practitioners during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Survey date: 2020-06-30 words: 6338.0 sentences: 330.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-267996-5l9shks8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-267996-5l9shks8.txt summary: variables, such as a lack of access to adequate, enhanced PPE; individuals'' COVID-19 contraction risk assessments; self-reported feelings of anxiety regarding the disease; gender; the acknowledgement of national guidance on how to treat patients during the recent health care crisis; and other factors such as age, years of clinical experience, marital status, having children, place of residence, risk group for coronavirus infection due to comorbidities and, finally, dentists'' acknowledgement of the professional recommendations launched by the PDA and PMH. We also investigated factors such as age, years of clinical practice (Table 5) , marital status, having children, place of residence, belonging to the risk group for coronavirus infection due to comorbidities, and dentists'' opinions on the lasting impact of COVID-19 on dental procedures (Table 6 ) in relation to the decision to continue dental practice or not. abstract: The coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has put enormous pressure on health care systems around the world. Dentistry has had to adjust to the new epidemic situation to not only bring relief to suffering patients but also to avoid becoming a source of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Methods: A comprehensive, cross-sectional survey was conducted between April 6 and 16, 2020 among 875 Polish dental practitioners. The aim of the research was to assess dentists’ attitudes and professional approaches resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: 71.2% of dentists who responded to the questionnaire decided to suspend their clinical practice during that particular time. The main factors for this fact were the shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE), the respondents’ subjective perceptions of the risk of COVID-19 contraction and a general feeling of anxiety and uncertainty regarding the COVID-19 situation. The authors observed a significant decrease in the number of patients admitted weekly in April 2020 (12.06; SD, 11.55) in comparison to that in the time before the state of pandemic was declared on March 11, 2020 (49.21; SD, 24.97). Conclusions: Due to the unpreparedness of the dental sector, both in national health and private settings, most of the Polish dentists decided to voluntarily suspend their clinical practice in order to mitigate the spread of the disease. The COVID-19 outbreak has revealed numerous shortcomings in the dental care system, especially regarding the insufficient coordination of health services related to the pandemic and lack of advanced PPE. This has led to an overwhelming feeling of fear, confusion and anxiety among dental professionals in Poland and a sudden decrease in the number of performed dental procedures. Hopefully enriched with the recent experience and due to the implementation of proper strategic and long-term measures, dental practitioners will be better prepared and adapted to global health care disruptions in the future. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134703 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134703 id: cord-300338-duhyb754 author: Urashima, Mitsuyoshi title: BCG Vaccination and Mortality of COVID-19 across 173 Countries: An Ecological Study date: 2020-08-03 words: 5672.0 sentences: 250.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-300338-duhyb754.txt txt: ./txt/cord-300338-duhyb754.txt summary: We therefore aimed to explore whether recent BCG vaccine coverage is associated with COVID-19 morbidity and/or mortality rates, using linear regression models to explore associations between the two continuous random variables adjusted for a variety of potential confounders, such as median age and body mass index (BMI) in individual countries through this ecological study. As a result, ''≥60 years of age'' (p < 0.001) and ''BCG vaccine coverage'' (p = 0.002) remained significant factors associated with COVID-19 mortality, even after adjustment for morbidity and PCR-tests. As a result, ''≥60 years of age'' (p < 0.001) and ''BCG vaccine coverage'' (p = 0.002) remained significant factors associated with COVID-19 mortality, even after adjustment for morbidity and PCR-tests. abstract: Ecological studies have suggested fewer COVID-19 morbidities and mortalities in Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated countries than BCG-non-vaccinated countries. However, these studies obtained data during the early phase of the pandemic and did not adjust for potential confounders, including PCR-test numbers per population (PCR-tests). Currently—more than four months after declaration of the pandemic—the BCG-hypothesis needs reexamining. An ecological study was conducted by obtaining data of 61 factors in 173 countries, including BCG vaccine coverage (%), using morbidity and mortality as outcomes, obtained from open resources. ‘Urban population (%)’ and ‘insufficient physical activity (%)’ in each country was positively associated with morbidity, but not mortality, after adjustment for PCR-tests. On the other hand, recent BCG vaccine coverage (%) was negatively associated with mortality, but not morbidity, even with adjustment for percentage of the population ≥ 60 years of age, morbidity, PCR-tests and other factors. The results of this study generated a hypothesis that a national BCG vaccination program seems to be associated with reduced mortality of COVID-19, although this needs to be further examined and proved by randomized clinical trials. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155589 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155589 id: cord-279116-auo80gaq author: Vallejo-Martín, Macarena title: Prejudice and Feeling of Threat towards Syrian Refugees: The Moderating Effects of Precarious Employment and Perceived Low Outgroup Morality date: 2020-09-03 words: 6402.0 sentences: 328.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-279116-auo80gaq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-279116-auo80gaq.txt summary: title: Prejudice and Feeling of Threat towards Syrian Refugees: The Moderating Effects of Precarious Employment and Perceived Low Outgroup Morality In this research study, using a Spanish sample, prejudice towards Syrian refugees is analyzed taking into account feeling of threat (realistic or symbolic), precarious employment, and perceived outgroup morality. Nevertheless, until now there have been no studies that have taken an analysis of outgroup threat in relation to prejudice towards refugees into account in the Spanish context, with this being an essential variable for the understanding of intergroup relations, formation of negative stereotypes towards outgroups [13] [14] [15] and as such, for mental health and psychological wellbeing. In this study, we seek to determine the role of outgroup threat in its two dimensions, realistic and symbolic, in the ethnic prejudice of the Spanish population towards Syrian refugees. abstract: Refugees frequently experience traumatic situations that result in the deterioration of their psychological well-being. In addition, perceived prejudice and discrimination against them by the host society can worsen their mental health. In this research study, using a Spanish sample, prejudice towards Syrian refugees is analyzed taking into account feeling of threat (realistic or symbolic), precarious employment, and perceived outgroup morality. Using a total of 365 participants, our results reveal that individuals feel more prejudice towards refugees when the former scored higher in realistic threat and symbolic threat, were in a highly precarious situation of employment and perceived refugees as being more immoral. Furthermore, it was found that persons who scored high in realistic threat and at the same time were in a situation of precarious employment, were those who displayed greater prejudice. The results likewise pointed to individuals who scored high in symbolic threat and in outgroup morality as being those who felt greater rejection towards the refugees. Accordingly, our results confirm the importance of feeling of threat in relation to prejudice, and highlight two important moderating factors: precarious employment and perceived outgroup morality. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176411 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176411 id: cord-011537-e20zaosw author: Vicent, María title: Perfectionism Profiles and Motivation to Exercise Based on Self-Determination Theory date: 2020-05-05 words: 5323.0 sentences: 267.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-011537-e20zaosw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-011537-e20zaosw.txt summary: Latent Profile Analysis based on two higher-order perfectionism dimensions, Perfectionistic Strivings (PS) and Perfectionistic Concerns (PC), supported a four-class solution: Non-Perfectionists (low PS and PC), Adaptive Perfectionists (high PS and low PC), Maladaptive Perfectionists (high PS and PC), and Moderate Perfectionists (moderate PS and PC). In accordance with previous literature [21] , if this three-class model fits the data, we hypothesize that: (a) Adaptive Perfectionists would experience the highest levels of autonomous motivation (i.e., Intrinsic, Integrated, and Identified); (b) Maladaptive Perfectionists would show more controlled motivation (i.e. Introjected, External, and Amotivation), and (c) Non-Perfectionists would report the lowest levels of both autonomous and controlled motivation. This 23-item instrument assesses the six regulatory styles of the SDT''s motivational continuum in the context of sport and exercise: Intrinsic, Integrated, Identified, Introjected, External, and Amotivation. abstract: This study complements extant variable-centered research that focus on the relationship between perfectionism and the autonomous and controlled motivation to exercise. A person-centered approach is used for identifying perfectionism profiles as well as analyzing inter-profile differences in terms of the six regulatory styles located on the autonomy-control continuum. A sample of 597 (M(age) = 22.08, SD = 3.33) Ecuadorian undergraduates enrolled in a sport science degree program was employed. Latent Profile Analysis based on two higher-order perfectionism dimensions, Perfectionistic Strivings (PS) and Perfectionistic Concerns (PC), supported a four-class solution: Non-Perfectionists (low PS and PC), Adaptive Perfectionists (high PS and low PC), Maladaptive Perfectionists (high PS and PC), and Moderate Perfectionists (moderate PS and PC). Adaptive Perfectionists obtained the highest means on Intrinsic, Integrated, and Identified regulations. However, these differences where only significant when compared with Moderate Perfectionists, and only in the case of Integrated regulation, in comparison with Non-Perfectionists. In contrast, Maladaptive Perfectionists obtained significantly higher scores on Introjected and External regulations as well as on Amotivation than the other three classes. Results are discussed in light of Self-Determination Theory. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7246553/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093206 id: cord-292173-95t89yee author: Villani, Federico Alcide title: COVID-19 and Dentistry: Prevention in Dental Practice, a Literature Review date: 2020-06-26 words: 4583.0 sentences: 260.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-292173-95t89yee.txt txt: ./txt/cord-292173-95t89yee.txt summary: Several authors have highlighted the importance of telephone triage and/or clinic questionnaires, body temperature measurement, usage of personal protective equipment, surface disinfection with ethanol between 62% and 71%, high-speed instruments equipped with an anti-retraction system, four-handed work, and large-volume cannulas for aspiration. The aim of this narrative review is to investigate preventive measures in dental practice by assessing the operator and patient health protection during the new COVID-19 emergency by considering past experiences in terms of prevention, as the virus was only recently discovered. In addition, a second search was made: "masks" OR "disinfectants" OR "PPE" OR "dental equipment" AND "Covid-19" OR "coronavirus" OR "SARS-CoV-2". instead obtained diametrically opposing results; they showed, through a randomized controlled clinical study on 3591 subjects, that health workers who used N95 masks continuously during the shift or in situations considered to be at high risk, presented an 85% chance of not contracting a viral infection transmitted via droplets [36] . abstract: SARS-CoV-2 is a member of the family of coronaviruses. The first cases were recorded in Wuhan, China, between December 2019 and January 2020. Italy is one of the most affected countries in Europe. COVID-19 is a new challenge in modern dentistry. New guidelines are required in dental clinics to avoid contagion caused by cross-infections. A narrative review was performed using both primary sources, such as scientific articles and secondary ones, such as bibliographic indexes, web pages, and databases. The main search engines were PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar. Twelve articles were selected to develop the bibliographic review by applying pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Precautionary measures should be applied to control COVID-19 in clinical practice. Several authors have highlighted the importance of telephone triage and/or clinic questionnaires, body temperature measurement, usage of personal protective equipment, surface disinfection with ethanol between 62% and 71%, high-speed instruments equipped with an anti-retraction system, four-handed work, and large-volume cannulas for aspiration. Clinically, the use of a rubber dam is essential. FFP2 (or N95) and FFP3 respirators, if compared to surgical masks, provide greater protection for health workers against viral respiratory infections. Further accurate studies are needed to confirm this. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32604906/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124609 id: cord-292409-hz5qj1fw author: Viterbo, Lilian Monteiro Ferrari title: Workers’ Healthcare Assistance Model (WHAM): Development, Validation, and Assessment of Sustainable Return on Investment (S-ROI) date: 2020-04-30 words: 7296.0 sentences: 350.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-292409-hz5qj1fw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-292409-hz5qj1fw.txt summary: In this context, it is necessary to discuss a model of assistance in occupational health that is capable of reviewing the central characteristics of the biomedical healthcare assistance model, including: (i) organization of practices focused on the identification of signs and symptoms and the treatment of diseases, with health promotion not being a priority; (ii) assistance is organized based on individual spontaneous demand, with an emphasis on specialization and the use of hard technologies; (iii) the work is developed in a fragmented, hierarchical manner and with inequality across different professional categories; (iv) difficulty in implementing the integrated care due to the lack of understanding of the individual as a multidimensional human being, as well as the lack of communication and integration between the services involved; (v) health planning is seldom used as a management tool; (vi) the training of health professionals is specialized, based on the hegemony of scientific knowledge; and (vii) themes such as interdisciplinary, people-centered care, attachment, and welcoming are not prioritized. abstract: The present study aimed to present and validate the Worker´s Healthcare Assistance Model (WHAM), which includes an interdisciplinary approach to health risk management in search of integral and integrated health, considering economic sustainability. Through the integration of distinct methodological strategies, WHAM was developed in the period from 2011 to 2018, in a workers’ occupational health centre in the oil industry in Bahia, Brazil. The study included a sample of 965 workers, 91.7% of which were men, with a mean age of 44.9 years (age ranged from 23 to 73 years). The Kendall rank correlation coefficient and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used for the validation of WHAM. The assessment of sustainable return on investment (S-ROI) was made using the WELLCAST ROI™ decision support tool, covering workers with heart disease and diabetes. WHAM can be considered an innovative healthcare model, as there is no available comparative model. WHAM is considered robust, with 86% health risk explanatory capacity and with an 85.5% S-ROI. It can be concluded that WHAM is a model capable of enhancing the level of workers’ health in companies, reducing costs for employers and improving the quality of life within the organization. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32365961/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093143 id: cord-352152-d3owtd98 author: Wang, Cuiyan title: Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China date: 2020-03-06 words: 6496.0 sentences: 285.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-352152-d3owtd98.txt txt: ./txt/cord-352152-d3owtd98.txt summary: The aim of this study was to survey the general public in China to better understand their levels of psychological impact, anxiety, depression, and stress during the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak. Female gender, student status, specific physical symptoms (e.g., myalgia, dizziness, coryza), and poor self-rated health status were significantly associated with a greater psychological impact of the outbreak and higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression (p < 0.05). Specific up-to-date and accurate health information (e.g., treatment, local outbreak situation) and particular precautionary measures (e.g., hand hygiene, wearing a mask) were associated with a lower psychological impact of the outbreak and lower levels of stress, anxiety, and depression (p < 0.05). Our results revealed that the general population presenting with specific symptoms including chills, coryza, cough, dizziness, myalgia, and sore throat, as well as those with poor self-rated health status and history of chronic illnesses, experienced a psychological impact of the outbreak and higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. abstract: Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic is a public health emergency of international concern and poses a challenge to psychological resilience. Research data are needed to develop evidence-driven strategies to reduce adverse psychological impacts and psychiatric symptoms during the epidemic. The aim of this study was to survey the general public in China to better understand their levels of psychological impact, anxiety, depression, and stress during the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak. The data will be used for future reference. Methods: From 31 January to 2 February 2020, we conducted an online survey using snowball sampling techniques. The online survey collected information on demographic data, physical symptoms in the past 14 days, contact history with COVID-19, knowledge and concerns about COVID-19, precautionary measures against COVID-19, and additional information required with respect to COVID-19. Psychological impact was assessed by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and mental health status was assessed by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results: This study included 1210 respondents from 194 cities in China. In total, 53.8% of respondents rated the psychological impact of the outbreak as moderate or severe; 16.5% reported moderate to severe depressive symptoms; 28.8% reported moderate to severe anxiety symptoms; and 8.1% reported moderate to severe stress levels. Most respondents spent 20–24 h per day at home (84.7%); were worried about their family members contracting COVID-19 (75.2%); and were satisfied with the amount of health information available (75.1%). Female gender, student status, specific physical symptoms (e.g., myalgia, dizziness, coryza), and poor self-rated health status were significantly associated with a greater psychological impact of the outbreak and higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression (p < 0.05). Specific up-to-date and accurate health information (e.g., treatment, local outbreak situation) and particular precautionary measures (e.g., hand hygiene, wearing a mask) were associated with a lower psychological impact of the outbreak and lower levels of stress, anxiety, and depression (p < 0.05). Conclusions: During the initial phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in China, more than half of the respondents rated the psychological impact as moderate-to-severe, and about one-third reported moderate-to-severe anxiety. Our findings identify factors associated with a lower level of psychological impact and better mental health status that can be used to formulate psychological interventions to improve the mental health of vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 epidemic. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051729 id: cord-289378-ghmqd3yv author: Wang, Peng-Wei title: Subjective Deterioration of Physical and Psychological Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Their Association with the Adoption of Protective Behaviors and Mental Health Problems date: 2020-09-18 words: 6477.0 sentences: 301.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-289378-ghmqd3yv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-289378-ghmqd3yv.txt summary: We determined the subjective physical and psychological health states, cognitive and affective construct of health belief, perceived social support, mental health problems, adoption of protective behavior and demographic characteristics among 1954 respondents (1305 women and 649 men; mean age: 37.9 years with standard deviation 10.8 years). The association between the deterioration of physical and psychological health and adoption of protective behaviors against COVID-19 (avoiding crowded places, washing hands, and wearing a mask) and mental health problems (general anxiety, sleep problems, and suicidal ideation) was examined using multivariate logistic regression after controlling for the effects of gender, age, and educational level. Table 2 presents the results of the univariate logistic regression model examining the associations between demographic characteristics, cognitive and affective constructs of health beliefs related to COVID-19, perceived social support, and the subjective deterioration of physical and psychological health. abstract: This study aimed to determine the proportion of individuals who reported the deterioration of physical and psychological health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Taiwan. Moreover, the related factors of deterioration of physical and psychological health and the association between deterioration of health and adoption of protective behavior against COVID-19 and mental health problems were also examined. We recruited participants via a Facebook advertisement. We determined the subjective physical and psychological health states, cognitive and affective construct of health belief, perceived social support, mental health problems, adoption of protective behavior and demographic characteristics among 1954 respondents (1305 women and 649 men; mean age: 37.9 years with standard deviation 10.8 years). In total, 13.2% and 19.3% of respondents reported deteriorated physical and psychological health during the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. Participants with higher perceived harm from COVID-19 compared with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) were more likely to report the subjective deterioration of physical and psychological health, whereas respondents who were older and perceived a higher level of social support were less likely to report a deterioration of physical and psychological health. The subjective deterioration of psychological health was significantly associated with avoiding crowded places and wearing a mask. Both subjective deteriorations of physical and psychological health positively related to general anxiety. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32962052/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186827 id: cord-285386-kvo544hh author: Wen, Ya title: The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy of Chinese Vocational College Students date: 2020-06-23 words: 7027.0 sentences: 355.0 pages: flesch: 24.0 cache: ./cache/cord-285386-kvo544hh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-285386-kvo544hh.txt summary: Some studies have found that entrepreneurial passion has a mediating role in the relationship between self-efficacy and sustainability, indicating that emotion has an important value in entrepreneurship [67] ; based on the Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (FSQCA), some researchers conducted causal and effective decision tests on the structural effects of entrepreneurial passion, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and risk perception [68] . It is of positive value to study the emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial self-efficacy of vocational college students for the development of entrepreneurial education. This study explores the entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence of a sample of Chinese vocational college students. This study explores the entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence of a sample of Chinese vocational college students. First, our research showed that there is a positive correlation between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence reported by vocational college students. First, our research showed that there is a positive correlation between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence reported by vocational college students. abstract: The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The sample consisted of 529 students. The tools used to measure the relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial self-efficacy were the Emotional Intelligence Scale developed by Wong and Law and the Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Scale developed by Zhan. The results showed that there was a significant difference between male and female college students in entrepreneurial self-efficacy, but no significant difference between male and female college students in emotional intelligence. In entrepreneurial self-efficacy as well as emotional intelligence, there were significant differences between the third grade and the first and second grade, respectively. In addition, the results showed a significant positive correlation between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence. With the improvement of the emotional intelligence level of vocational college students, the entrepreneurial self-efficacy will increase. The lower the emotional intelligence, the faster the improvement in entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The higher the emotional intelligence, the more stable the entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The university stage is considered an ideal entrepreneurial period, especially for vocational colleges’ students, who pay more attention to entrepreneurship and innovation education. Encouraging the cultivation of the emotional intelligence of vocational college students in life will help to improve personal entrepreneurial self-efficacy. This research emphasizes that improving the emotional intelligence of vocational college students can enhance their sense of self-efficacy in entrepreneurship and help students with entrepreneurship and career development. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32585938/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124511 id: cord-256004-rqdeac7h author: Wilcox, Elizabeth S. title: Empowering Health Workers to Protect their Own Health: A Study of Enabling Factors and Barriers to Implementing HealthWISE in Mozambique, South Africa, and Zimbabwe date: 2020-06-23 words: 10249.0 sentences: 419.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-256004-rqdeac7h.txt txt: ./txt/cord-256004-rqdeac7h.txt summary: Through a multiple-case study and thematic analysis of data collected primarily from focus group discussions and questionnaires, we examined the enabling factors and barriers to the implementation of HealthWISE by applying the integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARiHS) framework. Overall, successful implementation of HealthWISE required dedicated local team members who helped facilitate the process by adapting HealthWISE to the workers'' occupational health and safety (OHS) knowledge and skill levels and the cultures and needs of their hospitals, cutting across all constructs of the i-PARiHS framework. Results for the four constructs-innovation, recipients, context, and facilitation-are presented below, with quotes that help to reflect what was an enabling factor or barrier in the implementation of HealthWISE in each of the participating hospitals in Mozambique, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. abstract: Ways to address the increasing global health workforce shortage include improving the occupational health and safety of health workers, particularly those in high-risk, low-resource settings. The World Health Organization and International Labour Organization designed HealthWISE, a quality improvement tool to help health workers identify workplace hazards to find and apply low-cost solutions. However, its implementation had never been systematically evaluated. We, therefore, studied the implementation of HealthWISE in seven hospitals in three countries: Mozambique, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. Through a multiple-case study and thematic analysis of data collected primarily from focus group discussions and questionnaires, we examined the enabling factors and barriers to the implementation of HealthWISE by applying the integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARiHS) framework. Enabling factors included the willingness of workers to engage in the implementation, diverse teams that championed the process, and supportive senior leadership. Barriers included lack of clarity about how to use HealthWISE, insufficient funds, stretched human resources, older buildings, and lack of incident reporting infrastructure. Overall, successful implementation of HealthWISE required dedicated local team members who helped facilitate the process by adapting HealthWISE to the workers’ occupational health and safety (OHS) knowledge and skill levels and the cultures and needs of their hospitals, cutting across all constructs of the i-PARiHS framework. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124519 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124519 id: cord-319899-nso0ob27 author: Wilke, Jan title: Restrictercise! Preferences Regarding Digital Home Training Programs during Confinements Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-07 words: 2261.0 sentences: 120.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-319899-nso0ob27.txt txt: ./txt/cord-319899-nso0ob27.txt summary: Our survey with 15,261 participants (38 ± 15 years, 58.5% females) examined preferences towards digital home exercise programs in 14 countries affected by COVID-19. Against this background, the present study examined the preferences towards digital home exercise programs in individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to ascertaining the general willingness to participate in related programs (yes/no), the optimal duration (free entry, min/week), training frequency (workouts per week; 1-2, 3-4, 4-6 or daily), and exercise types (flexibility, resistance, endurance, balance/stability, cognition, relaxation) were assessed. With regard to exercise types (Table 2) , older participants (≥40 years) were more likely to select flexibility and less likely to choose resistance, endurance, and cognitive training. Participants with high physical activity levels (meeting WHO PA recommendations) more often preferred resistance, endurance, and balance/stability training, but not other forms of exercise. In summary, a large portion of individuals affected by confinements related to the COVID-19 pandemic are interested in digital home exercise. abstract: Confinement measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have caused substantial reductions in global physical activity (PA) levels. In view of the manifold health benefits of PA, the development of interventions counteracting this trend is paramount. Our survey with 15,261 participants (38 ± 15 years, 58.5% females) examined preferences towards digital home exercise programs in 14 countries affected by COVID-19. More than two-thirds of the sample (68.4%, n = 10,433) indicated being interested in home exercise, and most participants were willing to work out at least three times per week (89.3%, n = 9328). Binary logistic regression revealed that female sex, working part-time, younger age, and being registered in a gym were associated with willingness to exercise. Flexibility (71.1%, n = 7377), resistance (68.6%, n = 7116), and endurance training (62.4%, n = 6478) were the most preferred types of exercise. Our results may guide health providers in developing individually tailored PA interventions during the current and future pandemics. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186515 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186515 id: cord-308319-1l6xooyz author: Wiseman, Kara P. title: An Evaluation of the Process and Quality Improvement Measures of the University of Virginia Cancer Center Tobacco Treatment Program date: 2020-06-30 words: 6185.0 sentences: 277.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-308319-1l6xooyz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-308319-1l6xooyz.txt summary: This quality improvement study evaluated the procedures for assessing and documenting tobacco use among cancer survivors and referring current smokers to cessation resources at the University of Virginia Cancer Center. Herein, we describe a quality improvement study conducted using Lean methodology, implemented as part of the C3I at the UVA Cancer Center and describe the resulting Tobacco Treatment Program (TTP). The current quality improvement study assessed existing procedures for determining and documenting tobacco use, referring tobacco users to cessation resources, and implementation of cessation services at the Emily Couric Clinical Cancer Center (ECCCC) through a six-month comprehensive process. This article demonstrates the implementation of Lean methodology to evaluate and improve smoking cessation within UVA Cancer Center, reviewed top barriers, and described solutions that have resulted in a robust, comprehensive, and sustainable tobacco treatment program. abstract: Tobacco use after a cancer diagnosis can increase risk of disease recurrence, increase the likelihood of a second primary cancer, and negatively impact treatment efficacy. The implementation of system-wide comprehensive tobacco cessation in the oncology setting has historically been low, with over half of cancer clinicians reporting that they do not treat or provide a referral to cessation resources. This quality improvement study evaluated the procedures for assessing and documenting tobacco use among cancer survivors and referring current smokers to cessation resources at the University of Virginia Cancer Center. Process mapping revealed 20 gaps across two major domains: electronic health record (EHR), and personnel barriers. The top identified priority was inconsistent documentation of tobacco use status as it impacted several downstream gaps. Eleven of the 20 gaps were deemed a high priority, and all were addressed during the implementation of the resulting Tobacco Treatment Program. Prioritized gaps were addressed using a combination of provider training, modifications to clinical workflow, and EHR modifications. Since implementation of solutions, the number of unique survivors receiving cessation treatment has increased from 284 survivors receiving cessation support during Year 1 of the initiative to 487 in Year 3. The resulting Tobacco Treatment Program provides a systematic, personalized, and sustainable comprehensive cessation program that optimizes the multifaceted workflow of the Cancer Center and has the potential to reduce tobacco use in a population most in need of cessation support. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134707 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134707 id: cord-306304-2yf3f1kg author: Woo, Jong-Min title: Seasonality of Suicidal Behavior date: 2012-02-14 words: 5727.0 sentences: 296.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-306304-2yf3f1kg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-306304-2yf3f1kg.txt summary: Such risk factors include age, gender, rural/urban area of residence [5] , race [6] , month of birth [7] , socioeconomic factors [8] , marital status [9] , inter-personal relationships or life events [10, 11] , comorbid medical conditions, current or history of psychiatric illness [12] , allergy [13] , and most importantly, previous suicide attempts and violent methods of prior suicide attempt [2, 14] . Furthermore, the seasonal peak in aeroallergens resulting in the concomitant worsening of allergy symptoms could (via inflammatory mediators of worsening allergy symptoms) potentially worsens depressive symptoms, anxiety and impulsivity in mood disorder patients, resulting in exacerbated risk of suicidal behavior. In addition, changes in allergy and anxiety (anxiety representing a potentially independent suicide risk factor) in patients with mood disorders exposed to seasonal peaks of aeroallergens were observed to be correlated [54] . However, the majority of studies did not observe any significant seasonal spring peaks in suicides by non-violent methods [2, 43, 68, 89] . abstract: A seasonal suicide peak in spring is highly replicated, but its specific cause is unknown. We reviewed the literature on suicide risk factors which can be associated with seasonal variation of suicide rates, assessing published articles from 1979 to 2011. Such risk factors include environmental determinants, including physical, chemical, and biological factors. We also summarized the influence of potential demographic and clinical characteristics such as age, gender, month of birth, socioeconomic status, methods of prior suicide attempt, and comorbid psychiatric and medical diseases. Comprehensive evaluation of risk factors which could be linked to the seasonal variation in suicide is important, not only to identify the major driving force for the seasonality of suicide, but also could lead to better suicide prevention in general. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22470308/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph9020531 id: cord-289451-yjrh5l4u author: Xiao, Huidi title: Social Distancing among Medical Students during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease Pandemic in China: Disease Awareness, Anxiety Disorder, Depression, and Behavioral Activities date: 2020-07-14 words: 4715.0 sentences: 228.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-289451-yjrh5l4u.txt txt: ./txt/cord-289451-yjrh5l4u.txt summary: title: Social Distancing among Medical Students during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease Pandemic in China: Disease Awareness, Anxiety Disorder, Depression, and Behavioral Activities We enrolled medical students studying public health in Beijing and Wuhan to assess their COVID-19 awareness and to evaluate their mental health status/behaviors using a self-administered questionnaire. A 2020 COVID-19 survey in China found that many respondents (including students) reported symptoms of moderate to severe anxiety and depression [8] . We studied the associations between COVID-19 distancing and the lives of public health students on anxiety [14] , depression, and other behaviors. We also examined the differences among public health students in two universities, Capital Medical University (CCMU) in Beijing, and Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) in Wuhan, the early epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among the medical students in two schools of public health at two universities: CCMU in Beijing and HUST in Wuhan. abstract: Background: During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, harsh social distancing measures were taken in China to contain viral spread. We examined their impact on the lives of medical students. Methods: A nation-wide cross-sectional survey of college students was conducted from 4–12 February 2020. We enrolled medical students studying public health in Beijing and Wuhan to assess their COVID-19 awareness and to evaluate their mental health status/behaviors using a self-administered questionnaire. We used the Patient Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and Health Questionnaire-9 to measure anxiety disorders and depression. We used multivariable logistic regression and path analysis to assess the associations between covariates and anxiety disorder/depression. Results: Of 933 students, 898 (96.2%) reported wearing masks frequently when going out, 723 (77.5%) reported daily handwashing with soap, 676 (72.5%) washed hands immediately after arriving home, and 914 (98.0%) reported staying home as much as possible. Prevalence of anxiety disorder was 17.1% and depression was 25.3%. Multivariable logistic regression showed anxiety to be associated with graduate student status (odds ratio (aOR) = 2.0; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2–3.5), negative thoughts or actions (aOR = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.4–1.7), and feeling depressed (aOR = 6.8; 95% CI: 4.0–11.7). Beijing students were significantly less likely to have anxiety than those in the Wuhan epicenter (aOR = 0.9; 95% CI: 0.8–1.0), but depression did not differ. Depression was associated with female students (aOR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.2–3.3), negative thoughts or actions (aOR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.5–1.9), and anxiety disorder (aOR = 5.8; 95% CI: 3.4–9.9). Path analysis validated these same predictors. Conclusions: Despite medical students’ knowledge of disease control and prevention, their lives were greatly affected by social distancing, especially in the Wuhan epicenter. Even well-informed students needed psychological support during these extraordinarily stressful times. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145047 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145047 id: cord-252870-52fjx7s4 author: Xie, Kefan title: The Impact of Risk Perception on Social Distancing during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China date: 2020-08-27 words: 6275.0 sentences: 333.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-252870-52fjx7s4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-252870-52fjx7s4.txt summary: Hence, these findings suggest effective management guidelines for successful implementation of the social distancing policies during the COVID-19 pandemic by emphasizing the critical role of risk perception, perceived understanding, and safety climate. Individual''s perceived understanding and safety climate are also examined to identify their effectiveness in the relationship between risk perception and social distancing. Perceived Understanding about the COVID-19 pandemic plays a mediating role between Risk Perception and Social Distancing behavior. The initial questionnaire contained 22 questions to measure these 4 latent variables, including Risk Perception-RP (7 items), Perceived Understanding-PU (4 items), Social Distancing-SD (5 items), and Safety Climate-SC (6 items). This study provided evidence that risk perception and perceived understanding can significantly affect people''s social distancing behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the data collected from an online survey among 317 participants in China throughout May 2020, our analyses indicate that positive changes in social distancing behaviors are associated with increased risk perception, perceived understanding, and safety climate. abstract: Social distancing is one of the most recommended policies worldwide to reduce diffusion risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a risk management perspective, this study explores the mechanism of the risk perception effect on social distancing in order to improve individual physical distancing behavior. The data for this study were collected from 317 Chinese residents in May 2020 using an internet-based survey. A structural equation model (SEM) and hierarchical linear regression (HLR) analyses were conducted to examine all the considered research hypotheses. The results show that risk perception significantly affects perceived understanding and social distancing behaviors in a positive way. Perceived understanding has a significant positive correlation with social distancing behaviors and plays a mediating role in the relationship between risk perception and social distancing behaviors. Furthermore, safety climate positively predicts social distancing behaviors but lessens the positive correlation between risk perception and social distancing. Hence, these findings suggest effective management guidelines for successful implementation of the social distancing policies during the COVID-19 pandemic by emphasizing the critical role of risk perception, perceived understanding, and safety climate. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32867381/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176256 id: cord-355055-7m8on8ct author: Xie, Xiaoru title: Generational Differences in Perceptions of Food Health/Risk and Attitudes toward Organic Food and Game Meat: The Case of the COVID-19 Crisis in China date: 2020-04-30 words: 6334.0 sentences: 312.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-355055-7m8on8ct.txt txt: ./txt/cord-355055-7m8on8ct.txt summary: title: Generational Differences in Perceptions of Food Health/Risk and Attitudes toward Organic Food and Game Meat: The Case of the COVID-19 Crisis in China More specifically, by using the data collected from 1008 respondents in January 2020, the time when China was hit hard by the "Corona Virus Disease 2019" (COVID-19), this study investigates the overall and different generational respondents'' health/risk perceptions of and attitudes toward organic food and game meat. The results reveal that, firstly, based on their food health and risk perceptions of healthy and risky food, the respondents'' general attitudes are positive toward organic food but relatively negative toward game meat. It provides an empirical survey to investigate the overall and different generational respondents'' health/risk perceptions and attitudes toward organic food and game meat during the outbreak of the COVID-19 crisis in China, utilizing data collected from 1008 respondents in January 2020, when the crisis hit the whole society. abstract: In December 2019, a novel laboratory-confirmed coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection, which has caused clusters of severe illnesses, was first reported in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province, China. This foodborne illness, which reportedly most likely originated in a seafood market where wild animals are sold illegally, has transmitted among humans through close contact, across the world. The aim of this study is to explore health/risk perceptions of and attitudes toward healthy/risky food in the immediate context of food crisis. More specifically, by using the data collected from 1008 respondents in January 2020, the time when China was hit hard by the “Corona Virus Disease 2019” (COVID-19), this study investigates the overall and different generational respondents’ health/risk perceptions of and attitudes toward organic food and game meat. The results reveal that, firstly, based on their food health and risk perceptions of healthy and risky food, the respondents’ general attitudes are positive toward organic food but relatively negative toward game meat. Secondly, older generations have a more positive attitude and are more committed to organic food. Younger generations’ attitude toward game meat is more negative whereas older generations attach more importance to it because of its nutritional and medicinal values. In addition, this research also indicates that the COVID-19 crisis influences the respondents’ perceptions of and attitudes toward organic food and game meat consumption. However, the likelihood of its impact on older generations’ future change in diets is smaller, which implies that older generations’ food beliefs are more stable. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32366016/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093148 id: cord-281741-wzsrqc7p author: Xu, Bo title: Impacts of Road Traffic Network and Socioeconomic Factors on the Diffusion of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in Mainland China date: 2019-04-05 words: 6186.0 sentences: 252.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-281741-wzsrqc7p.txt txt: ./txt/cord-281741-wzsrqc7p.txt summary: To investigate the quantitative relationships between epidemic characteristics (e.g., cumulative incidence, onset week, and duration) and socioeconomic factors, including Urban ratio, PopDensity, PGDP, Income, Hospital, Hos-bed, Doctor, College, MidSchool, PriSchool, CollegeStu, MidSchoolStu, PriSchoolStu, and Pig, as well as the network structure parameters of the city vertices calculated above and to quantify the contribution of road transportation and the spatial distance to the spread of the influenza virus, we used spatial autoregressive models [33] performed in MATLAB. To investigate the quantitative relationships between epidemic characteristics (e.g., cumulative incidence, onset week, and duration) and socioeconomic factors, including Urban ratio, PopDensity, PGDP, Income, Hospital, Hos-bed, Doctor, College, MidSchool, PriSchool, CollegeStu, MidSchoolStu, PriSchoolStu, and Pig, as well as the network structure parameters of the city vertices calculated above and to quantify the contribution of road transportation and the spatial distance to the spread of the influenza virus, we used spatial autoregressive models [33] performed in MATLAB. abstract: The 2009 pandemic influenza virus caused the majority of the influenza A virus infections in China in 2009. It arrived in several Chinese cities from imported cases and then spread as people travelled domestically by all means of transportation, among which road traffic was the most commonly used for daily commuting. Spatial variation in socioeconomic status not only accelerates migration across regions but also partly induces the differences in epidemic processes and in responses to epidemics across regions. However, the roles of both road travel and socioeconomic factors have not received the attention they deserve. Here, we constructed a national highway network for and between 333 cities in mainland China and extracted epidemiological variables and socioeconomic factors for each city. We calculated classic centrality measures for each city in the network and proposed two new measures (SumRatio and Multicenter Distance). We evaluated the correlation between the centrality measures and epidemiological features and conducted a spatial autoregression to quantify the impacts of road network and socioeconomic factors during the outbreak. The results showed that epidemics had more significant relationships with both our new measures than the classic ones. Higher population density, higher per person income, larger SumRatio and Multicenter Distance, more hospitals and college students, and lower per person GDP were associated with higher cumulative incidence. Higher population density and number of slaughtered pigs were found to advance epidemic arrival time. Higher population density, more colleges and slaughtered pigs, and lower Multicenter Distance were associated with longer epidemic duration. In conclusion, road transport and socioeconomic status had significant impacts and should be considered for the prevention and control of future pandemics. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16071223 doi: 10.3390/ijerph16071223 id: cord-034351-5br4faov author: Xu, Shuang-Fei title: Cross-Sectional Seroepidemiologic Study of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among Close Contacts, Children, and Migrant Workers in Shanghai date: 2020-10-02 words: 3445.0 sentences: 187.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-034351-5br4faov.txt txt: ./txt/cord-034351-5br4faov.txt summary: (1) Background: Along with an increasing risk caused by migrant workers returning to the urban areas for the resumption of work and production and growing epidemiological evidence of possible transmission during the incubation period, a study of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is warranted among key populations to determine the serum antibody against the SARS-CoV-2 and the carrying status of SARS-CoV-2 to identify potential asymptomatic infection and to explore the risk factors. Three categories of targeted populations (close contacts, migrant workers who return to urban areas for work, and school children) will be included in this study as they are important for case identification in communities. Since the first known case of pneumonia infected with the novel coronavirus was reported in the city of Wuhan in late December of 2019, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2 and announced by the World Health Organization on 11 February 2020, unexpectedly and quickly spread in China and many other countries with rapid geographical expansion and a sudden increase in the number of cases [1, 2] . abstract: (1) Background: Along with an increasing risk caused by migrant workers returning to the urban areas for the resumption of work and production and growing epidemiological evidence of possible transmission during the incubation period, a study of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is warranted among key populations to determine the serum antibody against the SARS-CoV-2 and the carrying status of SARS-CoV-2 to identify potential asymptomatic infection and to explore the risk factors. (2) Method: This is a cross-sectional seroepidemiologic study. Three categories of targeted populations (close contacts, migrant workers who return to urban areas for work, and school children) will be included in this study as they are important for case identification in communities. A multi-stage sampling method will be employed to acquire an adequate sample size. Assessments that include questionnaires and blood, nasopharyngeal specimens, and feces collection will be performed via home-visit survey. (3) Ethics and Dissemination: The study was approved by the Institute Review Board of School of Public Health, Fudan University (IRB#2020-04-0818). Before data collection, written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The manuscripts from this work will be submitted for publication in quality peer-reviewed journals and presented at national or international conferences. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7579139/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197223 id: cord-013385-6nq4yzvz author: Yang, Fan title: Heterogeneous Influences of Social Support on Physical and Mental Health: Evidence from China date: 2020-09-18 words: 7165.0 sentences: 389.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-013385-6nq4yzvz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-013385-6nq4yzvz.txt summary: A growing body of literature has demonstrated that the amount and quality of social support from relatives, friends, neighbors, and the community are pivotal factors in positively affecting a person''s physical and mental health [10] [11] [12] and acts as a form of prevention against harmful behaviors and distressing emotions [13] . Based on big data from China, this study adopts quantitative research methods to analyze the heterogenous affecting of social support on individual physical and mental health. Oprobit regression models are used to estimate the influences of social support factors on the six mental health dimensions in this study (depression, hopelessness, failure, fear, loneliness, and meaninglessness). As such, we grouped the samples into two subgroups-respondents below 60 and those 60 and over-to check the heterogeneous influence of emotional, tangible or instrumental, interaction or exchange, and community support on individual mental health at different ages. abstract: Employing a national representative survey (the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey 2016, CLDS2016) data (N = 14246), this paper examines the heterogeneous influences of social support on individual physical and mental health in China. Social support is characterized by four dimensions: emotional support, tangible or instrumental support, interaction or exchange support, and community support. Physical health is measured by self-rated health and body mass index (BMI), while mental health is measured by depression, hopelessness, failure, fear, loneliness, and meaninglessness. The results indicate that different dimensions of social support have heterogeneous effects on individual physical and mental health. Specifically, the correlation between emotional support and individual physical health is not significant, but emotional support is significantly related to some mental health variables. Tangible or instrumental support is significantly related to individual self-rated physical health but not to BMI or mental health. Interaction or exchange support is significantly correlated with individual self-rated health and some mental health variables. In general, there are significant correlations between community support, and individual physical and mental health. The results also suggest that the influences of social support on physical and mental health of individuals at different ages (<60 years and ≥60 years) are heterogeneous. The results of this study provide direction for the dimension selection of social support to promote individual health. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7558190/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186838 id: cord-341616-ts98sfxx author: Yang, Yang title: Public Voice via Social Media: Role in Cooperative Governance during Public Health Emergency date: 2020-09-18 words: 9961.0 sentences: 490.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-341616-ts98sfxx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-341616-ts98sfxx.txt summary: This qualitive study uses China''s Health Code policy under COVID-19 to explore why the public performs voice behavior on social media and how this influences policy evolution and product innovation through cooperative governance. What is more, as a form of public participation in cooperative governance, public voice plays a significant role in promoting policy evolution and product innovation, and represents a useful form of cooperation with governments and enterprises to jointly maintain social stability under public health emergencies This study adopts a dynamic research perspective, and takes the dynamic evolution of health codes policy as an example, focusing on exploring how public voice promoted the improvement of products by enterprises and the implementation of policies by the government under a public health emergency. As shown in Figure 1 , the dynamic mechanism of public voice behavior to promote policy implementation and evolution in public health emergencies is as follows: First, under the guidance of the government, enterprises participate in the development of policy and design products to assist policy implementation with advanced technologies. abstract: With the development of the Internet, social networking sites have empowered the public to directly express their views about social issues and hence contribute to social change. As a new type of voice behavior, public voice on social media has aroused wide concern among scholars. However, why public voice is expressed and how it influences social development and betterment in times of public health emergencies remains unstudied. A key point is whether governments can take effective countermeasures when faced with public health emergencies. In such situation, public voice is of great significance in the formulation and implementation of coping policies. This qualitive study uses China’s Health Code policy under COVID-19 to explore why the public performs voice behavior on social media and how this influences policy evolution and product innovation through cooperative governance. A stimulus-cognition-emotion-behavior model is established to explain public voice, indicating that it is influenced by cognitive processes and public emotions under policy stimulus. What is more, as a form of public participation in cooperative governance, public voice plays a significant role in promoting policy evolution and product innovation, and represents a useful form of cooperation with governments and enterprises to jointly maintain social stability under public health emergencies url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186840 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186840 id: cord-355291-fq0h895i author: Yasir, Ammar title: Modeling Impact of Word of Mouth and E-Government on Online Social Presence during COVID-19 Outbreak: A Multi-Mediation Approach date: 2020-04-24 words: 9022.0 sentences: 516.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-355291-fq0h895i.txt txt: ./txt/cord-355291-fq0h895i.txt summary: In this study, we attempted to identify the role of E-government and COVID-19 word of mouth in terms of their direct impact on online social presence during the outbreak as well as their impacts mediated by epidemic protection and attitudes toward epidemic outbreaks. The study results revealed that the roles of E-government and COVID-19 word of mouth are positively related to online social presence during the outbreak. Epidemic protection and attitude toward epidemic outbreak were found to positively moderate the impact of the role of E-government and COVID-19 word of mouth on online social presence during the outbreak. We used five constructs (2019-nCoV-WOM, role of E-Govt, attitude toward epidemic outbreak, epidemic protection, and online social presence in the outbreak) with a conceptual multi-mediation model. Our study results revealed that attitude toward epidemic outbreak has a strong mediation effect between the role of E-Govt and online social presence during outbreaks, indicating that other governments and organizations can follow China''s safety model. abstract: Although social presence plays an essential role under general conditions, its role becomes significant for societal protection during the quarantine period in epidemic outbreak. In this study, we attempted to identify the role of E-government and COVID-19 word of mouth in terms of their direct impact on online social presence during the outbreak as well as their impacts mediated by epidemic protection and attitudes toward epidemic outbreaks. For this purpose, a unique multi-mediation model is proposed to provide a new direction for research in the field of epidemic outbreaks and their control. Through random sampling, an online survey was conducted and data from 683participants were analyzed. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships between the variables of interest. The study results revealed that the roles of E-government and COVID-19 word of mouth are positively related to online social presence during the outbreak. Epidemic protection and attitude toward epidemic outbreak were found to positively moderate the impact of the role of E-government and COVID-19 word of mouth on online social presence during the outbreak. The key findings of this study have both practical and academic implications. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32344770/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082954 id: cord-325722-ixozph19 author: Yip, Paul title: Optimal Strategies for Reducing Number of People in the Social Security System date: 2020-02-18 words: 7496.0 sentences: 357.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-325722-ixozph19.txt txt: ./txt/cord-325722-ixozph19.txt summary: The results indicate that by tailoring measures to specific subgroups, the overall number of CSSA recipients would be reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of Hong Kong''s social security system, which has accounted for more than 16.5% of Hong Kong government expenditure in 2018, amounting to more than HKD 92 billion. It is important to consider whether the "entering approach" is indeed more effective than the "leaving approach" in reducing the number of CSSA recipients in Hong Kong. From these results, it seems that preventing people aged 20-29 from entering the CSSA system has a larger impact; that is, the "entering" approach would be more effective in reducing the number of CSSA recipients in 2014. The propose model provides empirical evidence to identify the potential target groups of people that would lead to the largest reduction in the number of the CSSA recipients in the Hong Kong Social Security System. abstract: Providing social security to the population in need has become a major expenditure for many governments. Reducing the number of dependents in the social security system and maintaining a dynamic economically active population is a high priority concern for policymakers. A good understanding of the dynamics of the social security system—specifically, who enters and who exits the system—would be helpful for formulating effective interventions. Here, we made use of the data of Hong Kong’s Comprehensive Social Security Assistance (CSSA), which is currently a basic welfare scheme in Hong Kong that provides supplementary payments to households that cannot support themselves financially. We proposed a stochastic model to examine the in- and out- movement in the CSSA scheme and conducted elasticity analyses. The elasticity analyses allowed us to identify the potential target groups of people that would lead to the largest reduction in the number of the CSSA recipients in the system. This analytical method can also reveal whether policies would be more effective in preventing people from entering the CSSA system or helping them leave the CSSA scheme. Our analyses suggest that targeting those aged 30–49 with children would have the largest impact. Additionally, we found that policies that aim to prevent this group from entering the CSSA system would be more effective in reducing the number of CSSA recipients compared with policies that aim to help them exit. In contrast, for the younger age group of 10–29, policies that help them leave CSSA would be more effective than policies that prevent them from entering CSSA. Providing employment for those unemployed in this younger group would be more effective. The results indicate that by tailoring measures to specific subgroups, the overall number of CSSA recipients would be reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of Hong Kong’s social security system, which has accounted for more than 16.5% of Hong Kong government expenditure in 2018, amounting to more than HKD 92 billion. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32085532/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17041305 id: cord-302411-unoiwi4g author: Yu, Jingyuan title: Analyzing Spanish News Frames on Twitter during COVID-19—A Network Study of El País and El Mundo date: 2020-07-28 words: 5371.0 sentences: 265.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-302411-unoiwi4g.txt txt: ./txt/cord-302411-unoiwi4g.txt summary: Throughout an automatic process of topic modeling and network analysis methods, this study identifies eight news frames for each newspaper''s Twitter account. Inspired by this method, this study conducts network analysis on the Twitter posts, analyzing and comparing the news frames of the two most important general-interest and nationally-circulated Spanish newspapers (El País and El Mundo) during different stages of the COVID-19 crisis. Our data are hydrated from open access institutional and news media tweet dataset for COVID-19 social science research [37] , which includes the Twitter posts from the two selected Spanish newspapers from the end of February. As the crisis is gradually controlled, the pandemic related news frames ("Pandemic Update," "State of Alarm," "Public Health Professional" and "Covid Information") are becoming less prominent in the recovery period. This study analyzed and compared the frames of Twitter news posts in the two most important Spanish newspapers during Covid-19 pandemic crisis. abstract: While COVID-19 is becoming one of the most severe public health crises in the twenty-first century, media coverage about this pandemic is getting more important than ever to make people informed. Drawing on data scraped from Twitter, this study aims to analyze and compare the news updates of two main Spanish newspapers El País and El Mundo during the pandemic. Throughout an automatic process of topic modeling and network analysis methods, this study identifies eight news frames for each newspaper’s Twitter account. Furthermore, the whole pandemic development process is split into three periods—the pre-crisis period, the lockdown period and the recovery period. The networks of the computed frames are visualized by these three segments. This paper contributes to the understanding of how Spanish news media cover public health crises on social media platforms. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155414 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155414 id: cord-302239-2sxy3spd author: Zhang, Xiaojun title: Willingness to Self-Isolate When Facing a Pandemic Risk: Model, Empirical Test, and Policy Recommendations date: 2019-12-27 words: 5445.0 sentences: 279.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-302239-2sxy3spd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-302239-2sxy3spd.txt summary: In this paper, we tried to show that the theory of planned behavior provides a useful conceptual framework for SI when facing a pandemic risk, and a regression method with Chinese provincial (Guangdong Province) data was applied to investigate how attitude (ATT), subjective norms (SN), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) influence SI when facing a pandemic emergency. Risk perception has been widely established as a significant predictor of engagement in preventive health behaviors, including SI [21] ; those who report being unfamiliar with the term "pandemic influenza," male respondents, and employed people who are not able to work from home have been found to be less willing to comply [22] . Using Chinese provincial (Guangdong Province) data, we investigated how ATT, SN, and PBC influence the willingness of self-isolate when facing a pandemic emergency. abstract: Infected people are isolated to minimize the spread of pandemic diseases. Therefore, the factors related to self-isolation (SI) should not be neglected, and it is important to investigate the factors leading the infected (or possibly infected) people to choose to self-isolate. In this paper, we tried to show that the theory of planned behavior provides a useful conceptual framework for SI when facing a pandemic risk, and a regression method with Chinese provincial (Guangdong Province) data was applied to investigate how attitude (ATT), subjective norms (SN), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) influence SI when facing a pandemic emergency. The results and the robustness tests confirm that ATT, SN, and PBC have a significant positive influence on SI when facing a pandemic emergency. ATT plays the most important role, followed by SN and then PBC. Based on the factors of SI, we found, through theoretical and empirical analyses, at least three important aspects that local governments need to consider to encourage citizens to self-isolate when facing a pandemic. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31892171/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17010197 id: cord-266257-hp11at50 author: Zhang, Yao title: Mental Health Problems during the COVID-19 Pandemics and the Mitigation Effects of Exercise: A Longitudinal Study of College Students in China date: 2020-05-25 words: 5413.0 sentences: 261.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-266257-hp11at50.txt txt: ./txt/cord-266257-hp11at50.txt summary: The focus of this longitudinal study is twofold: (1) To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 severity on Chinese college students'' mental health and life status and explore the underlying mechanisms of this effect during the peak time of the COVID-19, from February 19 to March 20, 2020; and (2) to assess the mitigation effects of exercise on negative emotions and advance a suitable physical activity level as a psychological intervention strategy to improve mental health. The focus of this longitudinal study is twofold: (1) To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 severity on Chinese college students'' mental health and life status and explore the underlying mechanisms of this effect during the peak time of the COVID-19, from February 19 to March 20, 2020; and (2) to assess the mitigation effects of exercise on negative emotions and advance a suitable physical activity level as a psychological intervention strategy to improve mental health. abstract: (1) Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency that has caused worldwide concern. Vast resources have been allocated to control the pandemic and treat patients. However, little attention has been paid to the adverse impact on mental health or effective mitigation strategies to improve mental health. (2) Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the adverse impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on Chinese college students’ mental health, understand the underlying mechanisms, and explore feasible mitigation strategies. (3) Methods: During the peak time of the COVID-19 outbreak in China, we conducted longitudinal surveys of sixty-six college students. Structured questionnaires collected information on demographics, physical activity, negative emotions, sleep quality, and aggressiveness level. A mixed-effect model was used to evaluate associations between variables, and the mediating effect of sleep quality was further explored. A generalized additive model was used to determine the dose-response relationships between the COVID-19 death count, physical activity, and negative emotions. (4) Results: The COVID-19 death count showed a direct negative impact on general sleep quality (β = 1.37, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.55, 2.19) and reduced aggressiveness (β = −6.57, 95% CI: −12.78, −0.36). In contrast, the COVID-19 death count imposed not a direct but an indirect impact on general negative emotions (indirect effect (IE) = 0.81, p = 0.012), stress (IE = 0.40, p < 0.001), and anxiety (IE = 0.27, p = 0.004) with sleep quality as a mediator. Moreover, physical activity directly alleviated general negative emotions (β = −0.12, 95% CI: −0.22, −0.01), and the maximal mitigation effect occurred when weekly physical activity was about 2500 METs. (5) Conclusions: (a) The severity of the COVID-19 outbreak has an indirect effect on negative emotions by affecting sleep quality. (b) A possible mitigation strategy for improving mental health includes taking suitable amounts of daily physical activity and sleeping well. (c) The COVID-19 outbreak has reduced people’s aggressiveness, probably by making people realize the fragility and preciousness of life. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32466163/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103722 id: cord-295513-q5f8d0ig author: Zhao, Pengcheng title: A Comparison of Infection Venues of COVID-19 Case Clusters in Northeast China date: 2020-06-03 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The world has been suffering from the COVID-19 pandemic since late 2019. In this study, we compared various types of infection locations in which COVID-19 cases clustered, based on the data from three adjacent provinces in Northeast China. The collected data include all officially reported cases in this area until 8 March 2020. We explored the associations between the cases and the frequency of infection locations. The COVID-19 epidemic situation was worse in Heilongjiang Province than in Liaoning and Jilin Provinces. Most clustered cases occurred in individual families and/or between relatives. The transmission in public venues served as a hub for transmitting the disease to other families and results in new clusters. The public transport spread the infection over long distances by transporting infected individuals, and most infections did not seem to occur within vehicles. This field study shows the effect of indoor environments on SARS-CoV-2 transmission and our data may be useful in developing guidance for future disease prevention and control. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32503192/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113955 id: cord-350031-2c9x55hx author: Zhao, Sheng Zhi title: Social Distancing Compliance under COVID-19 Pandemic and Mental Health Impacts: A Population-Based Study date: 2020-09-14 words: 3766.0 sentences: 186.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-350031-2c9x55hx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-350031-2c9x55hx.txt summary: Compliance with social distancing and staying-at-home, stress (Perceived Stress Scale-4), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorders-2), and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-2) were collected. The association of mental health symptoms including stress, anxiety and depression with the number of measures adopted, number of days stayed-at-home and perceived effectiveness and compliance were calculated by multivariable linear (for stress) and logistic (for anxiety and depression) regressions. Effect modifications by age (18-59, 65+ years) and education attainment (primary or below, secondary, and tertiary) on the associations between mental health symptoms, stay-at-home and compliance with social distancing were assessed using the interaction terms. Perceived effectiveness and compliance with social distancing measures were associated with lower stress levels and risks for anxiety and depressive symptoms (all p < 0.001). We have provided the first evidence on compliance with non-pharmaceutical community containment strategies including stay-at-home and social distancing and their associations with mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. abstract: The success of public health measures for controlling the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic relies on population compliance. We analyzed compliance with social distancing and its associations with mental health. The Hong Kong COVID-19 Health Information Survey was conducted from 9–23 April 2020 on 1501 adults randomly sampled for landline telephone interviews (n = 500) and online surveys (n = 1001). Compliance with social distancing and staying-at-home, stress (Perceived Stress Scale-4), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorders-2), and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-2) were collected. The associations between mental health symptoms and compliance were examined by multivariable regression models. Of the 1501 respondents (52.5% female, 72.3% aged 18–59 years), 74.2%, 72.7%, and 59.7% reported avoiding going out, going to crowded places, and attending social gatherings of more than four people, respectively. Most respondents had stayed-at-home for at least four of the past seven days (58.4%; mean 4.12, Standard Deviation 2.05). Adoption, perceived effectiveness, and perceived compliance with social distancing were associated with lower stress levels and less anxiety and depressive symptoms (all p < 0.01). However, more days stayed-at-home were associated with more depressive symptoms (adjusted Odds Ratio 1.09; 95%Confidence Interval 1.00, 1.18). The long-term psychological impact in relation to social distancing and staying-at-home requires further investigation. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32937929/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186692 id: cord-315197-4wnes04g author: Zhao, Yu title: Analysis of Transmission and Control of Tuberculosis in Mainland China, 2005–2016, Based on the Age-Structure Mathematical Model date: 2017-10-07 words: 4654.0 sentences: 248.0 pages: flesch: 57.0 cache: ./cache/cord-315197-4wnes04g.txt txt: ./txt/cord-315197-4wnes04g.txt summary: In this work, based on the reported data and the observed morbidity characteristics, we propose a susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) epidemic model with age groupings, involving three categories: children, the middle-aged, and senior to investigate the role of age on the transmission of tuberculosis in Mainland China from 2005 to 2016. In this paper, based on the reported data and the observed morbidity characteristics, we created a susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) model with age groups of childhood, middle-aged, and senior, to investigate the role of age on the transmission process and evaluate feasible control strategies to reach the goals outlined in the WHO End TB Strategy. We estimated the basic reproduction number R 0 , analyzed the globally dynamic behavior of the model, and used the model to simulate the annual data of infected TB cases reported by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) from 2005 to 2016. abstract: Tuberculosis (TB), an air-borne infectious disease, is a major public-health problem in China. The reported number of the active tuberculosis cases is about one million each year. The morbidity data for 2005–2012 reflect that the difference in morbidity based on age group is significant, thus the role of age-structure on the transmission of TB needs to be further developed. In this work, based on the reported data and the observed morbidity characteristics, we propose a susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) epidemic model with age groupings, involving three categories: children, the middle-aged, and senior to investigate the role of age on the transmission of tuberculosis in Mainland China from 2005 to 2016. Then, we evaluated the parameters by the Least Square method and simulated the model and it had good alignment with the reported infected TB data in Mainland China. Furthermore, we estimated the basic reproduction number [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] , with an obtained 95% confidence interval for [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] by Latin hypercube sampling, and we completed a sensitivity analysis of [Formula: see text] in terms of some parameters. Our study demonstrates that diverse age groups have different effects on TB. Two effective measures were found that would help reach the goals of the World Health Organization (WHO) End TB Strategy: an increase in the recovery rate and the reduction in the infectious rate of the senior age group. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14101192 doi: 10.3390/ijerph14101192 id: cord-343701-x5rghsbs author: Zhao, Yu-Feng title: Prediction of the Number of Patients Infected with COVID-19 Based on Rolling Grey Verhulst Models date: 2020-06-25 words: 5030.0 sentences: 241.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-343701-x5rghsbs.txt txt: ./txt/cord-343701-x5rghsbs.txt summary: Based on data from 21 January to 20 February 2020, six rolling grey Verhulst models were built using 7-, 8and 9-day data sequences to predict the daily growth trend of the number of patients confirmed with COVID-19 infection in China. On this basis, a rolling grey Verhulst model and its derived models were established to predict the change trend of the number of cases of COVID-19 infection in China. Based on a rolling mechanism, the rolling grey Verhulst model and its derived models for predicting the number of patients infected with COVID-19 in China were constructed by adding the latest data and removing the earliest data. The results showed that the rolling grey Verhulst model and its derived models could accurately predict the changes in the number of confirmed patients in China. abstract: The outbreak of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a large number of residents in China to be infected with a highly contagious pneumonia recently. Despite active control measures taken by the Chinese government, the number of infected patients is still increasing day by day. At present, the changing trend of the epidemic is attracting the attention of everyone. Based on data from 21 January to 20 February 2020, six rolling grey Verhulst models were built using 7-, 8- and 9-day data sequences to predict the daily growth trend of the number of patients confirmed with COVID-19 infection in China. The results show that these six models consistently predict the S-shaped change characteristics of the cumulative number of confirmed patients, and the daily growth decreased day by day after 4 February. The predicted results obtained by different models are very approximate, with very high prediction accuracy. In the training stage, the maximum and minimum mean absolute percentage errors (MAPEs) are 4.74% and 1.80%, respectively; in the testing stage, the maximum and minimum MAPEs are 4.72% and 1.65%, respectively. This indicates that the predicted results show high robustness. If the number of clinically diagnosed cases in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, where COVID-19 was first detected, is not counted from 12 February, the cumulative number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in China will reach a maximum of 60,364–61,327 during 17–22 March; otherwise, the cumulative number of confirmed cases in China will be 78,817–79,780. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32630565/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124582 id: cord-281961-5mdiwzvc author: de las Heras-Pedrosa, Carlos title: Sentiment Analysis and Emotion Understanding during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain and Its Impact on Digital Ecosystems date: 2020-07-31 words: 7479.0 sentences: 374.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-281961-5mdiwzvc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-281961-5mdiwzvc.txt summary: This study examines how social media has affected risk communication in uncertain contexts and its impact on the emotions and sentiments derived from the semantic analysis in Spanish society during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study has allowed for the Some reasons include political parties'' criticism of the government''s management, contradictions of the experts, the constant increase of infected and dead, Spain being among the most affected countries, the state of confinement suffered by society not always in the best conditions, the anxiety of not having financial resources, the population''s insecurity in the face of a public health crisis with global effects that are caused by millions of infected people and hundreds of thousands of deaths in the world. abstract: COVID-19 has changed our lives forever. The world we knew until now has been transformed and nowadays we live in a completely new scenario in a perpetual restructuring transition, in which the way we live, relate, and communicate with others has been altered permanently. Within this context, risk communication is playing a decisive role when informing, transmitting, and channeling the flow of information in society. COVID-19 has posed a real pandemic risk management challenge in terms of impact, preparedness, response, and mitigation by governments, health organizations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), mass media, and stakeholders. In this study, we monitored the digital ecosystems during March and April 2020, and we obtained a sample of 106,261 communications through the analysis of APIs and Web Scraping techniques. This study examines how social media has affected risk communication in uncertain contexts and its impact on the emotions and sentiments derived from the semantic analysis in Spanish society during the COVID-19 pandemic. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155542 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155542 id: cord-283514-7rjo9k4d author: Šagát, Peter title: Impact of COVID-19Quarantine on Low Back Pain Intensity, Prevalence, and Associated Risk Factors among Adult Citizens Residing in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia): A Cross-Sectional Study date: 2020-10-06 words: 6449.0 sentences: 318.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-283514-7rjo9k4d.txt txt: ./txt/cord-283514-7rjo9k4d.txt summary: title: Impact of COVID-19Quarantine on Low Back Pain Intensity, Prevalence, and Associated Risk Factors among Adult Citizens Residing in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia): A Cross-Sectional Study This study aimed to estimate the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) quarantine on low back pain (LBP) intensity, prevalence, and associated risk factors among adults in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). Furthermore, during the quarantine, a significantly higher LBP intensity was reported by those individuals who (a) were aged between 35 and 49 years old, (b) had a body mass index equal to or exceeding 30, (c) underwent higher levels of stress, (d) did not comply with the ergonomic recommendations, (e) were sitting for long periods, (f) did not practice enough physical activity (PA), and (g) underwent teleworking or distance learning. In this context, the present study''s purpose was to estimate the effect of the mentioned quarantine on LBP intensity, prevalence, and risk factors among adult citizens residing in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). abstract: This study aimed to estimate the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) quarantine on low back pain (LBP) intensity, prevalence, and associated risk factors among adults in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). A total of 463 adults (259 males and 204 females) aged between 18 and 64 years and residing in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) participated in this cross-sectional study. A self-administered structured questionnaire composed of 20 questions regarding demographic characteristics, work- and academic-related aspects, physical activity (PA), daily habits and tasks, and pain-related aspects was used. The LBP point prevalence before the quarantine was 38.8%, and 43.8% after the quarantine. The LBP intensity significantly increased during the quarantine. The low back was also the most common musculoskeletal pain area. Furthermore, during the quarantine, a significantly higher LBP intensity was reported by those individuals who (a) were aged between 35 and 49 years old, (b) had a body mass index equal to or exceeding 30, (c) underwent higher levels of stress, (d) did not comply with the ergonomic recommendations, (e) were sitting for long periods, (f) did not practice enough physical activity (PA), and (g) underwent teleworking or distance learning. No significant differences were found between genders. The COVID-19 quarantine resulted in a significant increase in LBP intensity, point prevalence, and most associated risk factors. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33036287/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197302 ==== make-pages.sh questions [ERIC WAS HERE] ==== make-pages.sh search /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/make-pages.sh: line 77: /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm: No such file or directory Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/tsv2htm-search.py", line 51, in with open( TEMPLATE, 'r' ) as handle : htm = handle.read() FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm' ==== make-pages.sh topic modeling corpus Zipping study carrel