id sid tid token lemma pos cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 1 key key JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 2 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 3 cord-279932-bilr71ay cord-279932-bilr71ay NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 4 authors author NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 5 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 6 Plotkin Plotkin NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 7 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 8 Stanley Stanley NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 9 A a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 10 title title NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 11 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 12 The the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 13 Value Value NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 14 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 15 Human Human NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 16 Challenges Challenges NNPS cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 17 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 18 Severe severe JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 19 Acute acute JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 20 Respiratory Respiratory NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 21 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 22 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 23 2 2 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 24 Vaccine Vaccine NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 25 Development Development NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 26 date date NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 27 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 28 2020 2020 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 29 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 30 07 07 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 31 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 32 16 16 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 33 journal journal NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 34 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 35 Clin Clin NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 36 Infect infect VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 37 Dis Dis NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 38 DOI doi NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 39 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 40 10.1093 10.1093 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 41 / / SYM cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 42 cid cid NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 43 / / SYM cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 44 ciaa1013 ciaa1013 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 45 sha sha NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 1 46 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 1 311c6288da3e04bc7867983220ff9864cb6cfd0f 311c6288da3e04bc7867983220ff9864cb6cfd0f LS cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 3 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 4 279932 279932 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 5 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 6 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 7 bilr71ay bilr71ay NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 8 nan nan NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 9 1 1 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 10 Pediatrics Pediatrics NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 11 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 12 University University NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 13 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 14 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 15 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 16 Vaxconsult Vaxconsult NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 17 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 18 Doylestown Doylestown NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 19 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 20 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 21 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 22 USA USA NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 23 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 24 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 25 2 2 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 26 Sanofi Sanofi NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 27 Pasteur Pasteur NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 28 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 29 Doylestown Doylestown NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 30 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 31 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 32 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 2 33 USA USA NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 1 The the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 2 epidemic epidemic NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 3 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 4 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 5 disease disease NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 6 2019 2019 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 8 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 10 rolls roll VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 11 on on IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 12 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 13 at at IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 14 least least JJS cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 15 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 16 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 17 rulerecalcitrant rulerecalcitrant JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 18 population population NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 19 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 20 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 21 United United NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 22 States States NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 23 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 24 but but CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 25 also also RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 26 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 27 countries country NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 28 that that WDT cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 29 are be VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 30 too too RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 31 poor poor JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 32 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 33 disorganized disorganized JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 34 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 35 provide provide VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 36 conditions condition NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 37 for for IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 38 self self NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 39 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 40 isolation isolation NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 3 41 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 1 Aside aside RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 2 from from IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 3 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 4 increasing increase VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 5 toll toll NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 6 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 7 death death NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 8 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 9 disability disability NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 10 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 11 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 12 economic economic JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 13 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 14 social social JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 15 effects effect NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 16 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 17 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 18 epidemic epidemic NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 19 are be VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 20 disastrous disastrous JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 21 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 22 grow grow VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 23 day day NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 24 by by IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 25 day day NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 26 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 27 exceeding exceed VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 28 anything anything NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 29 seen see VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 30 since since IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 31 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 32 1918 1918 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 33 - - SYM cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 34 19 19 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 35 influenza influenza NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 36 outbreak outbreak NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 37 or or CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 38 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 39 depression depression NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 40 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 41 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 42 1930s 1930 NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 4 43 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 2 have have VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 3 only only RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 4 2 2 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 5 hopes hope NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 6 for for IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 7 salvation salvation NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 8 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 9 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 10 exhaustion exhaustion NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 11 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 12 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 13 individuals individual NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 14 by by IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 15 natural natural JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 16 infections infection NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 17 or or CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 18 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 19 development development NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 20 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 21 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 22 preventive preventive JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 23 vaccine vaccine NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 5 24 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 1 The the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 2 former former JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 3 hope hope NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 4 would would MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 5 require require VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 6 acceptance acceptance NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 7 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 8 many many JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 9 deaths death NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 10 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 11 overflowing overflow VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 12 hospitals hospital NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 13 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 14 while while IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 15 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 16 latter latter JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 17 hope hope NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 18 depends depend VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 19 on on IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 20 an an DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 21 effective effective JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 22 vaccine vaccine NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 23 being be VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 24 licensed license VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 25 for for IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 26 widespread widespread JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 27 use use NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 6 28 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 1 Normally normally RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 2 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 3 licensure licensure NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 4 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 5 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 6 vaccine vaccine NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 7 requires require VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 8 many many JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 9 years year NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 10 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 11 development development NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 12 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 13 including include VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 14 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 15 large large JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 16 safety safety NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 17 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 18 efficacy efficacy NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 19 trial trial NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 20 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 21 which which WDT cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 22 vaccinees vaccinee NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 23 are be VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 24 compared compare VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 25 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 26 placebo placebo NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 27 recipients recipient NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 28 with with IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 29 respect respect NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 30 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 31 reactions reaction NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 32 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 33 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 34 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 35 incidence incidence NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 36 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 37 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 38 disease disease NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 39 for for IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 40 which which WDT cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 41 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 42 vaccine vaccine NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 43 was be VBD cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 44 developed develop VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 7 45 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 1 In in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 2 this this DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 3 pandemic pandemic NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 4 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 5 that that DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 6 would would MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 7 mean mean VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 8 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 9 requirement requirement NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 10 for for IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 11 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 12 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 13 disease disease NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 14 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 15 possibly possibly RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 16 deaths death NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 17 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 18 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 19 placebo placebo NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 20 group group NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 21 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 22 with with IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 23 less less JJR cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 24 disease disease NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 25 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 26 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 27 vaccine vaccine NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 28 group group NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 8 29 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 2 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 3 those those DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 4 not not RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 5 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 6 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 7 trial trial NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 8 would would MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 9 still still RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 10 be be VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 11 subject subject JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 12 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 13 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 14 ravages ravage NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 15 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 16 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 17 disease disease NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 9 18 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 1 Is be VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 2 there there EX cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 3 another another DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 4 way way NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 5 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 6 confirm confirm VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 7 that that IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 8 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 9 vaccine vaccine NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 10 against against IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 11 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 12 severe severe JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 13 acute acute JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 15 syndrome syndrome NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 16 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 10 17 2 2 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 3 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 4 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 6 is be VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 7 protective protective JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 8 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 9 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 10 thus thus RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 11 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 12 accelerate accelerate VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 14 use use NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 11 15 ? ? . cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 1 A a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 2 number number NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 3 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 4 people people NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 5 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 6 including include VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 7 Nguyen Nguyen NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 8 et et FW cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 9 al al NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 11 1 1 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 13 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 14 this this DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 15 issue issue NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 16 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 17 others other NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 19 2 2 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 22 3 3 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 25 4 4 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 28 5 5 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 31 6 6 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 34 7 7 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 36 elsewhere elsewhere RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 37 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 38 have have VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 39 proposed propose VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 40 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 41 use use NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 42 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 43 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 44 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 45 trials trial NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 46 as as IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 47 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 48 way way NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 49 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 50 confirming confirm VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 51 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 52 protective protective JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 53 ability ability NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 54 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 55 candidate candidate NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 56 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 57 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 58 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 59 order order NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 60 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 61 allow allow VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 62 emergency emergency NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 63 use use NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 64 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 65 high high JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 66 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 67 risk risk NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 68 groups group NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 69 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 70 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 71 facilitate facilitate VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 72 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 73 way way NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 74 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 75 eventual eventual JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 76 licensure licensure NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 77 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 78 use use NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 79 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 80 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 81 general general JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 82 population population NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 12 83 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 1 However however RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 2 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 3 there there EX cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 4 are be VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 5 obvious obvious JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 6 objections objection NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 7 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 8 such such PDT cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 9 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 10 strategy strategy NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 11 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 12 summarized summarize VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 13 by by IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 14 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 15 adage adage NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 16 that that WDT cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 17 all all DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 18 physicians physician NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 19 learn learn VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 20 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 21 " " `` cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 22 above above IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 23 all all DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 24 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 25 do do VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 26 no no DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 27 harm harm NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 13 28 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 1 " " `` cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 2 It -PRON- PRP cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 3 is be VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 4 repugnant repugnant JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 5 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 6 think think VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 7 that that IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 8 something something NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 9 we -PRON- PRP cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 10 do do VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 11 may may MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 12 cause cause VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 13 disease disease NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 14 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 15 perhaps perhaps RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 16 death death NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 17 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 18 even even RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 19 if if IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 20 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 21 goal goal NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 22 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 23 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 24 long long JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 25 term term NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 26 is be VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 27 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 28 save save VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 29 lives life NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 14 30 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 1 The the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 2 idea idea NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 3 behind behind IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 4 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 5 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 6 trials trial NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 7 is be VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 8 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 9 recruit recruit VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 10 young young JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 11 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 12 healthy healthy JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 13 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 14 who who WP cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 15 have have VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 16 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 17 lowest low JJS cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 18 chance chance NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 19 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 20 serious serious JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 21 disease disease NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 22 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 23 who who WP cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 24 would would MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 25 be be VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 26 given give VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 27 vaccine vaccine NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 28 candidates candidate NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 29 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 30 then then RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 31 be be VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 32 challenged challenge VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 33 with with IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 34 SARS SARS NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 35 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 36 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 37 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 38 order order NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 39 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 40 determine determine VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 41 whether whether IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 42 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 43 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 44 protect protect VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 15 45 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 1 However however RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 2 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 3 there there EX cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 4 would would MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 5 also also RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 6 have have VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 7 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 8 be be VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 9 prior prior JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 10 challenges challenge NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 11 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 12 unvaccinated unvaccinated JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 13 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 14 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 15 determine determine VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 16 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 17 optimal optimal JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 18 infectious infectious JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 19 dose dose NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 20 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 21 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 22 also also RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 23 challenges challenge NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 24 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 25 some some DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 26 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 27 who who WP cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 28 have have VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 29 had have VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 30 prior prior JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 31 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 32 infections infection NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 33 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 34 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 35 confirm confirm VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 36 that that IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 37 immune immune JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 38 responses response NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 39 can can MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 40 give give VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 41 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 42 protection protection NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 16 43 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 17 1 Obviously obviously RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 17 2 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 17 3 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 17 4 ethical ethical JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 17 5 issues issue NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 17 6 around around IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 17 7 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 17 8 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 17 9 trials trial NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 17 10 are be VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 17 11 many many JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 17 12 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 18 1 However however RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 18 2 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 18 3 numerous numerous JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 18 4 ethicists ethicist NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 18 5 have have VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 18 6 weighed weigh VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 18 7 in in RP cord-279932-bilr71ay 18 8 on on IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 18 9 this this DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 18 10 issue issue NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 18 11 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 1 Although although IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 2 some some DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 3 have have VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 4 disagreed disagree VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 5 [ [ -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 6 8 8 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 7 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 8 9 9 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 10 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 11 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 12 majority majority NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 13 have have VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 14 accepted accept VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 15 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 16 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 17 trials trial NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 18 done do VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 19 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 20 informed informed JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 21 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 22 as as IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 23 ethical ethical JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 24 under under IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 25 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 26 current current JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 27 circumstances circumstance NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 19 28 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 1 Some some DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 2 ethicists ethicist NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 3 have have VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 4 pointed point VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 5 out out RP cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 6 that that IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 7 organ organ NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 8 donation donation NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 9 by by IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 10 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 11 is be VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 12 an an DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 13 accepted accepted JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 14 practice practice NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 15 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 16 despite despite IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 17 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 18 low low JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 19 but but CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 20 definite definite JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 21 risk risk NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 22 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 23 death death NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 24 or or CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 25 disability disability NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 26 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 27 which which WDT cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 28 is be VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 29 equivalent equivalent JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 30 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 31 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 32 risk risk NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 33 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 34 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 35 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 36 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 37 young young JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 38 age age NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 39 group group NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 40 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 41 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 43 10 10 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 20 45 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 1 The the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 2 organization organization NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 3 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 4 which which WDT cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 5 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 6 authors author NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 7 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 8 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 9 paper paper NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 10 by by IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 11 Nguyen Nguyen NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 12 et et NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 13 al al NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 15 1 1 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 17 belong belong VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 18 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 19 One one CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 20 Day Day NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 21 Sooner Sooner NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 22 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 23 represents represent VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 24 literally literally RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 25 thousands thousand NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 26 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 27 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 28 for for IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 29 SARS SARS NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 30 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 31 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 32 challenges challenge NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 21 33 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 1 Aside aside RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 2 from from IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 3 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 4 ethical ethical JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 5 issues issue NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 6 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 7 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 8 principal principal JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 9 objection objection NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 10 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 11 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 12 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 13 trials trial NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 14 with with IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 16 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 17 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 18 is be VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 19 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 20 absence absence NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 21 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 22 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 23 reliable reliable JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 24 rescue rescue NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 25 medication medication NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 26 for for IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 27 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 28 treatment treatment NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 29 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 30 serious serious JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 31 disease disease NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 22 32 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 1 To to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 2 mitigate mitigate VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 3 disease disease NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 4 severity severity NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 5 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 6 one one PRP cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 7 could could MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 8 begin begin VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 9 treatment treatment NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 10 with with IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 11 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 12 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 13 convalescent convalescent JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 14 serum serum NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 15 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 16 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 17 steroids steroid NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 18 as as RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 19 soon soon RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 20 as as IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 21 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 22 lower low JJR cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 23 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 24 tract tract NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 25 infection infection NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 26 is be VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 27 confirmed confirm VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 28 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 29 but but CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 30 one one PRP cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 31 must must MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 32 bear bear VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 33 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 34 mind mind NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 35 that that IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 36 as as IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 37 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 38 this this DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 39 writing writing NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 40 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 41 no no DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 42 therapy therapy NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 43 is be VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 44 confirmed confirm VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 45 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 46 be be VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 47 completely completely RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 48 effective effective JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 23 49 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 2 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 3 by by IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 4 confining confine VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 5 studies study NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 6 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 7 young young JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 9 18 18 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 10 - - SYM cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 11 25 25 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 12 years year NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 13 old old JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 15 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 16 healthy healthy JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 17 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 18 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 19 current current JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 20 data datum NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 21 suggest suggest VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 22 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 23 very very RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 24 low low JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 25 risk risk NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 26 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 27 severe severe JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 28 disease disease NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 24 29 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 1 In in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 2 evaluating evaluate VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 3 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 4 idea idea NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 5 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 6 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 7 challenges challenge NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 8 with with IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 9 SARS SARS NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 10 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 11 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 12 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 13 one one PRP cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 14 must must MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 15 balance balance VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 16 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 17 risks risk NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 18 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 19 those those DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 20 challenges challenge NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 21 against against IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 22 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 23 risks risk NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 24 associated associate VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 25 with with IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 26 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 27 usual usual JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 28 process process NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 29 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 30 vaccine vaccine NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 31 development development NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 32 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 33 evaluation evaluation NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 25 34 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 26 1 Table table NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 26 2 1 1 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 26 3 attempts attempt NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 26 4 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 26 5 contrast contrast VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 26 6 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 26 7 advantages advantage NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 26 8 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 26 9 disadvantages disadvantage NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 26 10 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 26 11 each each DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 26 12 approach approach NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 26 13 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 1 Clearly clearly RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 2 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 3 there there EX cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 4 are be VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 5 unknowns unknown NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 6 that that WDT cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 7 should should MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 8 obviate obviate VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 9 dogmatism dogmatism NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 10 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 11 but but CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 13 appears appear VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 14 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 15 this this DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 16 observer observer NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 17 that that IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 18 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 19 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 20 experiments experiment NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 21 are be VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 22 worth worth JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 23 preparing prepare VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 24 for for IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 25 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 26 potentially potentially RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 27 putting put VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 28 in in RP cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 29 motion motion NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 30 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 31 particularly particularly RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 32 considering consider VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 33 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 34 large large JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 35 number number NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 36 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 37 current current JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 38 vaccine vaccine NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 39 candidates candidate NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 40 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 41 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 42 difficulties difficulty NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 43 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 44 conducting conduct VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 45 Phase phase NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 46 3 3 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 47 trials trial NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 48 for for IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 49 all all DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 50 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 51 them -PRON- PRP cord-279932-bilr71ay 27 52 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 1 Clearly clearly RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 2 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 3 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 4 challenges challenge NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 5 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 6 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 7 pandemic pandemic NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 8 disease disease NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 9 with with IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 10 associated associate VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 11 fatality fatality NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 12 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 13 such such JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 14 as as IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 15 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 16 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 17 must must MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 18 be be VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 19 seriously seriously RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 20 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 21 before before IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 22 launching launch VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 23 them -PRON- PRP cord-279932-bilr71ay 28 24 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 1 The the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 2 manufacture manufacture NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 3 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 4 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 5 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 6 virus virus NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 7 will will MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 8 take take VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 9 some some DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 10 weeks week NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 11 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 12 as as IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 13 will will MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 14 organizing organize VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 15 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 16 site site NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 17 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 18 which which WDT cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 19 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 20 challenged challenge VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 21 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 22 can can MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 23 be be VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 24 isolated isolate VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 25 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 26 receive receive VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 27 medical medical JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 28 care care NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 29 29 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 1 However however RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 2 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 3 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 4 objection objection NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 5 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 6 some some DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 7 that that IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 8 those those DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 9 steps step NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 10 will will MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 11 take take VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 12 so so RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 13 long long RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 14 that that IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 15 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 16 value value NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 17 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 18 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 19 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 20 studies study NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 21 will will MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 22 be be VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 23 negated negate VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 24 is be VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 25 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 26 self self NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 27 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 28 fulfilling fulfil VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 29 prophecy prophecy NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 30 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 31 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 32 longer long RBR cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 33 we -PRON- PRP cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 34 argue argue VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 35 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 36 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 37 less less RBR cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 38 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 39 value value NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 40 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 41 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 42 proposed propose VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 43 idea idea NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 30 44 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 1 If if IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 2 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 3 are be VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 4 rapidly rapidly RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 5 tested test VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 6 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 7 made make VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 8 available available JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 9 through through IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 10 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 11 usual usual JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 12 Phases Phases NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 13 1 1 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 14 - - SYM cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 15 3 3 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 16 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 17 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 18 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 19 trials trial NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 20 might may MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 21 be be VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 22 obviated obviate VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 23 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 24 could could MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 25 always always RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 26 be be VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 27 cancelled cancel VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 31 28 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 1 However however RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 2 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 3 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 4 committee committee NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 5 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 6 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 7 World World NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 8 Health Health NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 9 Organization Organization NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 10 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 11 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 12 committee committee NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 13 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 14 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 15 National National NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 16 Institutes Institutes NNPS cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 17 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 18 Health Health NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 19 have have VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 20 both both DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 21 given give VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 22 provisional provisional JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 23 approval approval NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 24 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 25 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 26 challenges challenge NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 28 11 11 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 29 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 30 12 12 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-279932-bilr71ay 32 32 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 1 The the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 2 longer long RBR cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 4 hesitate hesitate VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 5 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 6 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 7 less less RBR cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 8 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 9 value value NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 10 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 11 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 12 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 13 trials trial NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 33 14 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 34 1 Note note VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 34 2 Potential potential JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 34 3 conflicts conflict NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 34 4 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 34 5 interest interest NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 34 6 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 1 S. S. NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 2 A. a. NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 3 P. P. NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 4 is be VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 5 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 6 consultant consultant NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 7 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 8 numerous numerous JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 9 companies company NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 10 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 11 biotechs biotech NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 12 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 13 none none NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 14 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 15 which which WDT cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 16 have have VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 17 indicated indicate VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 18 interest interest NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 19 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 20 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 21 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 22 trials trial NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 35 23 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 1 The the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 2 author author NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 3 has have VBZ cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 4 submitted submit VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 5 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 6 ICMJE ICMJE NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 7 Form Form NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 8 for for IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 9 Disclosure Disclosure NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 10 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 11 Potential potential JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 12 Conflicts conflict NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 13 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 14 Interest interest NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 36 15 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 1 Conflicts conflict NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 2 that that WDT cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 3 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 4 editors editor NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 5 consider consider VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 6 relevant relevant JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 7 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 8 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 9 content content NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 10 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 11 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 12 manuscript manuscript NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 13 have have VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 14 been be VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 15 disclosed disclose VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 16 . . . cord-279932-bilr71ay 37 17 _SP cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 1 Evaluating evaluate VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 2 use use NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 3 cases case NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 4 for for IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 5 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 6 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 7 trials trial NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 8 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 9 accelerating accelerate VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 10 SARS SARS NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 11 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 12 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 13 vaccine vaccine NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 14 development development NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 15 Human Human NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 16 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 17 studies study NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 18 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 19 accelerate accelerate VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 20 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 21 vaccine vaccine NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 22 licensure licensure NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 23 Extraordinary extraordinary JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 24 diseases disease NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 25 require require VBP cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 26 extraordinary extraordinary JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 38 27 solutions solution NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 1 Why why WRB cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 2 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 3 trials trial NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 4 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 5 SARS SARS NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 6 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 7 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 8 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 9 could could MD cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 10 be be VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 11 ethical ethical JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 12 despite despite IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 13 risk risk NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 14 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 15 severe severe JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 16 adverse adverse JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 17 events event NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 18 Ethics ethic NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 19 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 20 controlled control VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 21 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 22 infection infection NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 23 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 24 address address VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 25 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 26 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 27 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 28 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 29 studies study NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 30 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 31 ethical ethical JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 39 32 issues issue NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 40 1 A a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 40 2 strategic strategic JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 40 3 approach approach NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 40 4 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 41 1 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 41 2 vaccine vaccine NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 41 3 R&D r&d NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 41 4 Severe severe JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 1 acute acute JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 2 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 3 syndrome syndrome NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 4 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 5 2 2 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 6 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 7 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 8 trials trial NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 9 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 10 too too RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 11 risky risky JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 12 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 13 too too RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 42 14 soon soon RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 1 An an DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 2 ethical ethical JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 3 path path NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 4 to to IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 5 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 6 COVID covid JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 7 vaccine vaccine NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 8 Estimates estimate NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 9 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 10 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 11 severity severity NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 12 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 13 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 14 disease disease NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 15 2019 2019 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 16 : : : cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 17 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 18 model model NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 19 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 20 based base VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 21 analysis analysis NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 22 Accelerating accelerate VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 23 development development NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 24 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 25 SARS SARS NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 26 - - HYPH cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 27 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-279932-bilr71ay 43 28 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 1 -the -the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 2 role role NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 3 for for IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 4 controlled control VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 5 human human JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 6 infection infection NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 7 models model NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 8 WHO who WP cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 9 advisory advisory JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 10 group group NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 11 tasked task VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 12 to to TO cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 13 consider consider VB cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 14 the the DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 15 feasibility feasibility NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 16 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 17 potential potential JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 18 value value NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 19 , , , cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 20 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 21 limitations limitation NNS cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 22 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 23 establishing establish VBG cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 24 a a DT cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 25 closely closely RB cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 26 monitored monitor VBN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 27 challenge challenge NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 28 model model NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 29 of of IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 30 experimental experimental JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 31 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 32 infection infection NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 33 and and CC cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 34 illness illness NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 35 in in IN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 36 healthy healthy JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 37 young young JJ cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 38 adult adult NN cord-279932-bilr71ay 44 39 volunteers volunteer NNS