cord-030930-ny31tml2	2020	IPV refers to any behaviour within an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological or sexual harm to those in the relationship ("WHO | WHO multi-country study on women''s health and domestic violence against women"). These findings are similar to that of a UK-based study among 131 mental health professionals (psychiatrists and psychiatric nurses) where the majority of participants (60%) felt that they lacked adequate knowledge of support services, and 27% noticed that their workplace did not have sufficient referral resources for domestic violence (Nyame et al., 2013 ). The World Psychiatric Association (WPA) has developed a competency-based curriculum (Stewart and Chandra, 2017) for training and describes the skills and knowledge that psychiatry trainees should have when dealing with IPV. A survey of mental health professionals'' knowledge, attitudes and preparedness to respond to domestic violence The response of mental health services to domestic violence: a qualitative study of service users'' and professionals'' experiences
cord-251970-r5cbuvcw	2020	This study is to investigate the psychological abnormality in health care workers battling the COVID-19 epidemic and to explore the associations among social support, resilience and mental health. A total of 1521 health care workers, of whom 147 had public health emergency experience while 1374 showed no experience, completed the Symptom Check-List-90 (SCL-90), Chinese version of Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). The results showed that people without public health emergency treatment experience showed worse performance in mental health, resilience and social support, and tended to suffer from psychological abnormality on interpersonal sensitivity and photic anxiety. The current study further revealed that people without public health emergency experience showed worse mental health, resilience and social support, and tended to get psychological abnormality on interpersonal sensitivity and photic anxiety. On the basis of our findings, health care workers without public health emergency experience showed worse performance in mental health, resilience and social support, and tended to get psychological abnormality on interpersonal sensitivity and photic anxiety.
cord-252250-hhdawwjf	2020	title: Ethical dilemmas faced by health care workers during COVID-19 pandemic: Issues, implications and suggestions In this regard, we point out a few moral and ethical dilemmas that can be faced by health care workers (HCW) while attending the call of duty: J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f 2. 4. Setting up of a COVID support cell in every institution would serve as a one stop resource for mental and physical health care needs of HCW''s. We hope that the measures outlined above would assist institutions and team leaders in providing the best possible working conditions for their staff and health care workers. Mental Health Needs of Health Care Workers Providing Frontline COVID-19 Care Managing mental health challenges faced by healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic
cord-256212-ominfc0a	2020	title: MENTAL HEALTH CONCERNS IN QUARANTINED INTERNATIONAL AIR PASSENGERS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC – AN EXPERIENTIAL ACCOUNT This naturalistic observational study conducted at Bengaluru, Karnataka, India aimed to assess and briefly address the mental health concerns in recently quarantined individuals. Participants were assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire and details like socio-demographic profile, anxiety, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideas, sleep disturbances, and stress levels were collected. In the study sample, 216(13.5%) reported anxiety symptoms, 64 (4%) depressive symptoms, 30 (1.9%) suicidal ideations, and 71(4.4%) sleep disturbances. This is the first experiential account report from India aimed at understanding the mental health concerns of quarantined air passengers. A sizeable proportion (13.5%) of the quarantined individuals reported symptoms of anxiety which is similar to the findings of another study conducted in North Spain(Ozamiz-Etxebarria and Dosil-Santamaria, 2020). The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 4% which is low when compared to other studies(Ozamiz-Etxebarria and Dosil-Santamaria, 2020, Lei et al., 2020) .
cord-258072-6d5ieakl	2020	After reviewing the pertinent literature which included scales such as, Impact of Event Scale -Revised (IES-R), Perceived stress scale 10 (PSS-10), and the international guidelines, a self administered, pre-validated web-based questionnaire with 18 questions in English, exploring age and domains of knowledge about COVID-19, understanding reasons for lockdown, stressors which included fear of infection, helplessness and boredom, scarce supplies, and post quarantine stressors related to work, finances and stigma was floated on a famous social media site, Facebook (groups from New Delhi). Variations in eating patterns were observed in the present study in 79.5% of participants, with people aged 35-50 years experiencing maximum alterations in diet patterns that were positively correlated with the practice of social distancing and fear of acquiring the disease on meeting someone. 4. Dr. Himanshu Dadlani: Conception and design of the study, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data, drafting the article, critically evaluating and giving final approval.
cord-263777-9rehacfy	2020	title: Yoga for COVID-19 and Natural Disaster Related Mental health Issues: Challenges and Perspectives The COVID-19 pandemic has placed the world at risk of an increased incidence of mental disorders (e.g., anxiety, fear, post-traumatic stress disorder) Smith et al., 2020; Tandon, 2020) . Unfortunately, natural disasters further increase the difficulties for people to access mental health care including digital. For example, significant improvement in people with post-traumatic stress disorder has reported following yoga interventions (Büssing et al., 2012) . Effects of a yoga breath intervention alone and in combination with an exposure therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder and depression in survivors of the 2004 South-East Asia tsunami The Effects of Yoga in Helping Cancer Patients and Caregivers Manage the Stress of a Natural Disaster: A Brief Report on Hurricane Harvey Post traumatic stress symptoms and heart rate variability in Bihar flood survivors following yoga: a randomized controlled study
cord-264233-0nyzwb44	2020	Not only individuals with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 but several other vulnerable groups (e.g. health care workers, persons with mental illness etc.), despite remaining uninfected, will continue to suffer from psychological infirmity.  Public awarenessproviding the right health information is vital during this time of crisis -(i) to address hand hygiene and safe physical distancing, (ii) to reduce panic J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f shopping and hoarding of medical equipment (e.g. masks, hand-sanitizer, antibiotics), (iii) to follow the national lockdown to avoid widespread community transmission, (iv) to maintain adequate mental and physical wellbeing and (v) misinformation restriction to avoid chaotic and stressed environments in the country (Bhatia, 2020) , (Sharma et al., 2020) . Psychiatrists and other mental health professionals need to step up, utilizing ''all-out'' resources to prevent a post-COVID-19 mental-illness pandemic. The Mental Health Consequences of COVID-19 and Physical Distancing: The Need for Prevention and Early Intervention
cord-264769-gp2tie7k	2020	We adapted some of the key elements of the VUCA framework and correspondingly, we see in Figure 1 , that the complexity and uncertainty inherent in the COVID-19 pandemic mandates that governments must face "unknown unknowns". An important lesson we have learned from this evolving pandemic is that the lack of transparency creates further confusion and undermines public trust (Alwan et al., 2020; Tandon, 2020) , and the bureaucratic process should aid and not hinder crisis management. Evidence informing the UK''s COVID-19 public health response must be transparent. Asymptomatic Transmission, the Achilles'' Heel of Current Strategies to Control Covid-19 Public health interventions for COVID-19: emerging evidence and implications for an evolving public health crisis COVID19-The need for Public Health in a time of emergency The COVID-19 pandemic personal reflections on editorial responsibility. Unique epidemiological and clinical features of the emerging 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) implicate special control measures COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic
cord-265186-zldwyuhz	2020	The ongoing novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID)-19 pandemic and the lockdown imposed to tackle its community spread raise several challenges in the management of mental health conditions in psychiatric hospitals. Here, we present the challenges faced in the evaluation and management of a patient with acute psychosis at the Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care (EPAC) services of the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India. not showing any overt clinical symptoms of infection for the following reasons: his travel history-migration 3 months back; no reliable information regarding possible exposure to COVID-19; overcrowded living conditions; impaired judgement that may have limited his ability to take precautions to avoid exposure; and severity of symptoms warranting inpatient care, which necessitated a decision to be made regarding whether he can be admitted at NIMHANS or referred to a COVID-designated general hospital for further management.
cord-265424-vbn3vwnn	2020	Anticipating the mental health fallout, the department of Psychiatry (DOP) initiated a pathway to provide rapid, confidential and accessible help to all HCWs during this crisis. The DOP in liaison with human resources department formulated an evidence based pathway (Chen et al., 2020; Liu, 2020; Zhang et al., 2020) to address mental health needs of HCWs. The service was free of cost and built on the existing sparse resources (Ahmad, 2007) , with regular review of process in weekly meetings. The HCWs of AKUH were provided with a hotline number that could be used during work hours, to help with COVID-19 related anxiety (refer figure 1). 1) Resistance to seek help and fear of stigma and confidentiality of HCWs. To address this, the record of the evaluation is maintained in a separate folder in lock and key by the DOP. Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak
cord-276300-6xy8bwfl	2020	title: Lived experiences of the Corona Survivors (patients admitted in COVID wards): A Narrative real-life documented summaries of internalized guilt, shame, stigma, anger During the initial few days, it was seen that most patients admitted with the infection had some or other mental health issues such as anxiety, excessive worries, irritability, low mood, frustration, distress, feeling isolated/loneliness, etc. The 3 summaries discussed in this report are the mental health issues and other experiences shared by 2 persons and a family admitted in the COVID center. Besides supportive sessions with the patient, one of his cousin (uninfected) with whom the patient was in constant touch was involved in the treatment, who was asked to motivate the patient to stay active and remain busy watching videos/movies on YouTube channels, read things of his likings on the internet and pray to God. He was discharged after his repeat tests came out to be negative.
cord-279207-azh21npc	2020	In addition, it needs to be more sensitive and responsible in reporting about public health problems like the SARS-CoV-2, and suicide where the focus is on offering information which is helpful for prevention, details the steps to take in times of the health emergency, offers expert opinions from mental health professionals, helpline numbers for support and emergency services in hospitals. The development of such guidelines are crucial as the pattern of epidemics and pandemics changes over time, but the cycle of rumors or fake news or inaccurate media reports continues to revolve around media formats and especially in social media likely due to stress, anxiety and other psychological factors of individuals which requires to be studied in greater detail. Assessing the quality of media reporting of suicide news in India against World Health Organization guidelines: a content analysis study of nine major newspapers in Tamil Nadu
cord-279382-e0vqn7t5	2020	title: Why is the mental health of geriatric population at a higher risk during the COVID-19 pandemic? Studies show that elder abuse has increased by ten times during this pandemic which includes physical, verbal and emotional harm; financial exploitation and neglectful behaviour with low dignity (World Health Organization, 2020). Social isolation can have detrimental effects on the geriatric population including cognitive decline (Wilson et.al, 2007) , reduced physical wellbeing and higher mortality. Social isolation and loneliness are specifically damaging in the geriatric population due their increased dependence on others. Ensuring that older adults receive authentic information about the pandemic, helping them stay connected with family members (over the phone) and providing necessary psychological assistance can help to curb problems related to ageism and anxiety. In addition, mental health professionals should prioritize contacting older adults with disabilities as they might not get the opportunity to seek help.
cord-279735-3sq7m3qw	2020	title: Socioeconomical Transformation and Mental Health Impact by the COVID-19''s ultimate VUCA Era: Toward the New Normal, the New Japan, and the New World distance and remote work are recommended to prevent the spread of COVID-19; however, such public health policies will consequently promote the rapid digitalization of social infrastructure. Furthermore, the digitalization of the social environment is not only related to the mental health domain, but also to the question of existential readiness in how people adapt to the New Normal (Miao and Cao, 2019) . Specifically, a certain number of people may have mental health problems due to the "techno-stress" (La Torre et al., 2019) associated with the rapid changes in social systems in the process of digitization of the social infrastructure. Impact of Human Disasters and COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health: Potential of Digital Psychiatry
cord-280361-242yq90p	2020	Psychiatric adverse events with hydrochloroquine during COVID-19 Pandemic. For instance, the FDA has authorized clinicians to prescribe chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for patients admitted to hospital with covid-19, and in parallel there were warnings from scientific advisers that no randomized controlled trial has been completed to date to support the drugs'' safety and efficacy in this COVID-19 population (Lenzer 2020 , Owens 2020 insomnia and psychomotor agitation. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for the prevention or treatment of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Africa: caution for inappropriate off-label use in healthcare settings Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro Psychosis following chloroquine ingestion: a 10-year comparative study from a malaria-hyperendemic district of India Psychosis likely induced by hydropxychloroquine in a patient with chronic Q fever: a case report and clinically relevant review of pharmacology Toxic psychosis during chloroquine treatment Serious psychiatric symptoms after chloroquine treatment following experimental malaria infection
cord-280806-2x98989a	2020	title: Acute stress, behavioural symptoms and mood states among school-age children with attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder during the COVID-19 outbreak The following information were collected (1) ADHD behavioural symptoms were measured by Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham scale (SNAP-IV)parent form, (Gau et al., 2008) . Children''s ADHD behaviours during the COVID-19 outbreak were rated by their parents. During the COVID-19 outbreak, children''s ADHD behaviours significantly worsened in comparison to their normal state. In consistent with previous studies, we found children''s negative mood state was associated with ADHD symptoms. Our results showed that parent''s mood state also impact children''s ADHD symptom. The study time was negatively associated with the increase ADHD symptoms. In conclusion, during the COVID-19 outbreak, children''s ADHD symptoms were significantly worse compared to normal state. ADHD: clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents
cord-281185-myfuzsh7	2020	Encourage patients to self-study and help each other, obtain scientific outbreak information and mental health knowledge, carry out self-psychological evaluation and adjustment, and seek online professional help. Participate in medical care shifts and ward rounds to identify patients who need psychological assistance and help them adopt psychological assessment, and develop specific plans based on the patient''s mental status. Second, identify patients with psychosocial problems, provide crisis intervention and psychiatric medication. For discharged patients who need continuous J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f psychological assistance or psychiatric drug intervention, the information handled by the psychiatric department should be recorded in medical documents and referred to the corresponding isolation places, so as to continue to provide psychological assistance and social work services, to avoid extreme events. Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic
cord-284829-dge21g0g	2020	In this selective review, the authors present the neuropsychiatric manifestations and postulated mechanisms of COVID-19. Though the most common presentation is a self limiting viral illness with fever and dry cough, severe infection is reported in 15-20% of the affected population (26) . In about 5% of the severely ill patients, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), Multi organ involvement and septic shock leads to further clinical deterioration. Acute polyradiculopathy (Guillain Barre Syndrome -GBS) has been reported related to SARS-CoV-2 infection (41) (42) (43) (44) (45) (46) . The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Neurological Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective case series study Guillain Barre syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: A case report
cord-287361-cpd4yl6c	2020	Expectedly, there have been increasing reports of high rates of anxiety and depressive symptoms amongst frontline medical staff (Lai et al., 2020; Tan et al., 2020) , and calls for healthcare workers involved in the fight against COVID-19 to receive screening and counselling by professional mental health providers. A rapid review of the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the text words, "COVID-19" OR "nCoV" OR "SARS" OR "SARS-CoV-2" AND "mental health" OR "psychiatry" OR "psychology", "anxiety" OR "depression" OR "stress", up to 5 May, 2020, we found ten observational studies on the mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers. -Levels of social support for medical staff were significantly associated with self-efficacy and sleep quality and negatively associated with the level of anxiety and stress. The effects of social support on sleep quality of medical staff treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19
cord-290394-fc6xnbju	2020	The COVID-19 pandemic has forced school closures worldwide leading nearly 1.95 billion children being out-of-classrooms or away from school in almost 195 countries (Tandon 2020a; UNESCO, 2020) . While neuroplasticity offers opportunity to adapt the sudden change in the modality of classroom transaction from face-to-face interaction to the technology mediated learning, it may wreak havoc for the growing brain of children. Additionally, searching, locating, and reading online content reduces the functional connectivity of regions around temporal gyrus, responsible for long-term memory formation and retrieval of learned material (Liu et al., 2018) . (2019) has indicated how functional changes impair attentional capacities, memory processes, and social cognition abilities in individuals. Cognitive overload, as a product of multi-method based learning and divided attention, impacts the quality of comprehension, prioritization, and deep-level processing of incoming information, which in turn, critically determines consolidation of memory into long-term memory (Carr, 2010) . The "online brain": how the internet may be changing our cognition
cord-291596-lp5di10v	2020	title: "Is compulsive social media use amid COVID-19 pandemic addictive behavior or coping mechanism? "Is compulsive social media use amid COVID-19 pandemic addictive behavior or coping mechanism? (a) "Does the current pattern of social media usage suggest a trend towards addictive behavior or has it become a coping mechanism to deal with current global crisis?" and (b) "What are the current and future implications of this trend on addictive behavior and mental health of people?". During current pandemic, like many other uncertainties, it is unclear whether this compulsive use of social media is just a ''phase'' and a coping mechanism or an indication of addictive behavior having mental health implications. Moreover, any research conducted on addictive behaviors in the current time should consider longitudinally the pre-present-post lockdown social media usage pattern and its mental health implications among individuals across all age groups.
cord-296536-s8n7kgkn	2020	title: Recognizing the role of animal-assisted therapies in addressing mental health needs during the COVID-19 Pandemic A review study has shown elevated stress, anxiety, depression, and panic among the general population including the health care workers. Studies have shown human-animal interaction have a potential role in reducing the stress, fear, anxiety, depressive symptoms and promoting calmness and social interaction. Identifying and using the existing resources such as pets to address loneliness and mental health concerns is one feasible option. The role of pets in addressing mental health seems to be promising in this regard. Ontological security and connectivity provided by pets: a study in the self-management of the everyday lives of people diagnosed with a long-term mental health condition COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature. Mental Health Interventions during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Conceptual Framework by Early Career Psychiatrists
cord-297157-16ciqu9w	2020	Like previous epidemics and pandemics, the unpredictable consequences and uncertainty surrounding public safety, as well as misinformation about COVID-19 (particularly on social media) can often impact individuals'' mental health including depression, anxiety, and traumatic stress (Cheung et al., 2008; Zandifar and Badrfam, 2020) . We would also suggest the following to the general public: (i) avoid unreliable and non-credible news and information sources (such as that on social media and what neighbors say) to reduce fear and panic surrounding COVID-19, (ii) help individuals with known mental health issues (e.g., depression, anxiety) in appropriate ways such as consultation with healthcare professionals using telemedicine (i.e., online interventions) where possible, (iii) offer support and signposting for individuals displaying pre-suicidal behavior (i.e., talking about death and dying, expressing feelings of being hopeless and/or helpless, feeling like they are a burden or that they are trapped), (iv) offer basic help (e.g., foods, medicines) to those most in need during lock-down situations (Suicide Awareness Voices of Education, 2020; Yao et al., 2020) .
cord-297711-6zi9xgu4	2020	World Health Organization (WHO), declares as on March 30, 2020, globally 693,282 confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 , which includes 33,106 deceased (https://www.who.int/docs/ default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports /20200330-sitrep-70covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=7e0fe3f8_4; Coronavirus Outbreak, 2020a,b) . To reduce the spread of the virus, the Government of India issued the various guidelines include hand hygiene practices, wearing masks, avoiding public gathering, social distancing and quarantines etc. These initiatives are highly informative to the Faculty members and the students to enhance their knowledge either in their fundamentals course (or) in advanced course (or) in preparing for a competitive examination (or) in a specific field of his / her interest. The faculty member can schedule an online class and ask all the students to present. In this situation, as per the direction of Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), India, the faculty member should engage the students academically through online for the benefit of their career.
cord-300064-t3qexner	2020	Accordingly, this study aims to evaluate the mental health issues among the migrant workers living in shelter houses, provided by the administration because of COVID-19 to assess the immediate and long term psychological impact of isolation. Keeping this in mind, the present study, aimed to evaluate the mental health status of the migrants who have been kept in the shelter homes, after the imposition of lockdown, due to COVID-19 pandemic. These findings suggest that the lockdown and the ongoing pandemic have a significant negative impact on the mental health of the migrant laborers. If we compare to the findings of the online survey done during the lockdown period, another important fact, which is evident from this study, is that a higher proportion of the participants screened positive for depression, rather than the anxiety. To conclude, the present study suggests that the current COVID-19 pandemic is causing severe anxiety and depressive symptoms in migrants'' workers.
cord-301842-2jydfrf0	2020	Telepsychiatry is understood, as a subset of telemedicine, which involve providing a range of services including psychiatric evaluations, therapy, patient education and medication management through Telepsychiatry services (American Psychiatric Association, n.d.; Chakrabarti, 2015) . Emergency telemedicine consultation should be limited to first aid, life-saving measure, counseling and advice on referral (Medical Council of India and Niti Aayog, 2020). In general, it is suggested that, in case of emergency, the patient should be advice for in person consultation or should be advised to seek help at the local medical facility. At our centre, which is a tertiary care hospital, psychiatry services are provided to all the emergency set-ups (medical, surgical, pediatrics, trauma) by the consultation-liaison psychiatry team. However, it is important to note that this may not be feasible across the country, but similar models, needs to be developed, where the patient can be seen by a local physician to provide emergency psychiatry care, under the supervision of the psychiatrist.
cord-302279-d1or6wty	2020	title: Patients with chronic illness urgently need integrated physical and psychological care during the COVID-19 outbreak With the global outbreak of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) (Wang et al., 2020) , different quarantine policies have been implemented in different countries in order to control the epidemic in time. While the epidemic continues to ravage most of countries, becoming a worldwide public health emergency, and social isolation will be required for the whole society, the patients with chronic severe diseases would suffer from more and more difficulties. Now the outbreak is under control for China since the middle of March, many patients flood into hospitals seeking for help, however, because some medical staffs from other provinces are still in Hubei or in the quarantine last for14 days, in addition to the shortage of medical supplies, so medical physicians can only take care of some patients physically. Rethinking online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 epidemic
cord-307313-sox12zfo	2020	Healthcare professionals are at the front-line of this crisis and are those who are actively engaged in the process of providing care for patients with COVID-19 while managing critical issues daily (e.g., lack of hospital facilities, personal protection measures, exhausting working hours, fear of contagion and spreading the virus).Most of the reports and studies have examined the obvious negative outcomes on health professionals, such as increased levels of stress, anxiety and depression (Lai et al., 2020) . That said, at this point, we would like to argue that the COVID-19 pandemic should signify a shift toward the study of how patient care can be a positive experience for the professionals and their well-being by focusing on the psychological assets and resources that empower people to cope. Evidence-based interventions aiming at safeguarding health professionals from the negative effects of the pandemic, while concurrently -and mainly-strengthening their personal assets and resources, are of paramount importance both for the safety of all the parties being involved (i.e., professionals and patients), and the quality of patient care itself.
cord-308762-lxhq9ga4	2020	The COVID-19 related lockdown has also decreased the accessibility to research participants, in addition to existing challenges such as funding not coming through in time, the pressure to achieve results, to write grants, revise grant applications, and face non-acceptance of research grants proposals. The on-going uncertain situations concerning COVID-19 and uncertainties related to research progress appear to be a major contributor towards stress which is likely manifesting itself in researchers and their teams in terms of sleep disturbance, poor appetite, increased interpersonal problems, decreased motivation to continue with research demands, procrastination, absence of other offline leisure activities and experiencing guilt feelings for not completing work. Besides, a mental health pandemic may emerge which results from the experience of trauma, grief, social isolation, loneliness and as well from secondary impact of COVID-19 related quarantine and its associations with abrupt changes in lifestyle.
cord-310914-e2ot5fnv	2020	title: COVID 19 draws attention to the adaptive evolutionary perspective of certain personality traits As we make forays into understanding the impact of the pandemic on psychiatry and vice versa (Tandon, 2020) , an opportunity has been provided to explore the theoretical adaptive angle of personality traits and personality disorders. In the situation of pandemics, such cluster A personality characteristics may offer certain evolutionary advantages. In the J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f severest of circumstances, antisocial personality characteristics may help individuals to appropriate resources regardless of social norms. The pandemic provides an opportunity to assess how personality features mediate the stress, depression, anxieties, and other health outcomes related to COVID-19 and help in building resilience to deal better with the circumstances. All authors have approved the final article
cord-313264-3fbikatx	2020	title: Handling the COVID-19 Pandemic: Proposing a Community Based Toolkit for Psycho-social Management and Preparedness Effectiveness, applicability and feasibility are attributes which indicate that the psychosocial interventions are going to be more appropriate in the community as the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding any new infection improves the preparedness in both the health-care professionals and the general public. Research had been conducted to J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f understand the preparedness of community-based psychosocial toolkit for ZIKA virus affected-areas (Nair et.al., 2020) , wherein it was understood that the lack of understanding about a new condition and uncertainty about it has a direct correlation with the preparedness among the healthcare professionals, and thereby implying policy planning and training needs to gear up towards this. Here we use the model of the Zika virus preparedness toolkit to propose a similar one for the ongoing COVID-19.
cord-315159-c9n8cro3	2020	Beyond infection, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected individuals through associated anxiety and stress and caused a collateral damage (Tandon, 2020) . Known for immunoboosting aptitude, curcumin can alleviate the COVID-19 associated ill-effects including cytokine storm (Liu and J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Ying, 2020) . Depression-disorders in COVID-19 prevention measuresdriven social distort are possibly brought by oxidative stress . The potential of curcumin containing nutraceutical in COVID-19 has been predicted both through PNI modulation and ''meaning response'' . Moreover, curcumin can alleviate the overt inflammatory consequences (Vishvakarma, 2014; Soni et al., 2020) , even those associated with COVID-19 (Liu and Ying, 2020) , and thus will improve physical wellbeing. Curcumin can improve the hematopoietic differentiation of immune cells (Vishvakarma 2020), antidepressant effect, and neurogenesis (Zalachoras et al., 2020, Lopresti and Drummond, 2017) may also improve the mood function and ward off anxiety
cord-315963-hs70zo48	2020	People around the globe, during this crisis period, are expected to encounter several mental health challenges ranging from panic, phobia, health anxiety, sleep disturbances to dissociative like symptoms (Banerjee, 2020) . Hence, people who were addicted to any kind of substance use independence pattern are expected to experience withdrawal symptoms. As the impact of pandemic lasting for a long time, the binge-watching of television and electronic gadgets are also likely to persist; which may later result in behavioral addiction. Also, it is an accepted truth that the patients with substance use problems are vulnerable populations during the time of pandemic both for being infected or regarding complications (O''Sullivan and Bourgoin, 2010) . There is an urgent need to address the mental health issues of people during this pandemic. It is highly important to address mental health emergencies like severe and complicated withdrawal symptoms of substance use.
cord-317857-of1w23xr	2020	title: China adopts non-contact free consultation to help the public cope with the psychological pressure caused by new coronavirus pneumonia China adopts non-contact free consultation to help the public cope with the psychological pressure caused by new coronavirus pneumonia. In order to better cope with the mass psychological injury and social impact caused by the epidemic, on March 18, 2020, the National Health Commission of China announced the psychological counseling for novel coronavirus pneumonia. As psychiatrists can play pivotal role in supporting the well-being of those affected and their families, the at-risk healthcare staff as well as the public (Banerjee, 2020) , the local government have organized psychological consultation team and mental health team to provide free psychological consultation service to relieve J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f the psychological pressure of the masses.
cord-318809-v3505tq3	2020	As mask-wearing and staying at home directives become the new norm, drastic changes in routines exacerbated by the fluidity of the situation make it challenging for individuals with special needs, particularly those with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Intellectual Disability (ID), to cope (Den Houting, 2020). The materials were made to be adaptable and applicable for situations beyond the current COVID-19 pandemic, and generalisable for use with different populations such as individuals with communication barriers (i.e. children with language delays or individuals who may not be fluent in or comprehend the English language).With the Special Care Kit, frontline healthcare services will be better prepared and have some basic resources to support individuals with special needs who require medical services, whether during infectious disease outbreaks in the future, or in other medical scenarios. We hope these materials can also benefit the international community, especially populations with limited resources, and also improve access and preparedness of frontline healthcare services to support special needs individuals.
cord-319969-wlnbilr5	2020	• ''Worried Well'', as a concept, was first described during HIV; • Current COVID-19 Pandemic has given rise to wave of worried well again; • This leads to burden on already overburdened health care system. Seshadri Sekhar Chatterjee, Mansi Vora, Barikar As Covid-19 hit the world, almost all the countries are tackling it with lockdown, increased testing, and other Strategies. As actual cases are continuing to overwhelm the health care, there is another set of people posing burden to the healthcare system, that is the ''worried well'', a phenomenon referred clinically as a type of mass psychogenic illness. ''Worried Well'', as a concept, was first described during HIV, when many people visited hospitals for consultation, for being tested or for reassurance (Cochran and Mays, 1989 ). A psychiatrist may treat the patient based on the differential diagnosis and when it is an established ''worried well'' case, reassurance and educating should be emphasized upon.
cord-321945-bbzhrpwd	2020	The teaching community is trying to question back as how are they safe from the pandemic disease if not the students and on the other hand few educational institutes are mulling to terminate a few teachers for saving the money (Times of India, 2020a). Teachers irrespective of being in private or government institutes all over highly disappointed with the inhumane behavior with them compared to the industries and companies giving a work-from-home facility to their employees (Times of India, 2020b). The magnitude of agitation has gone to such heights that recently, an online petition was circulated namely "#KeepTeachersSafe." The petition is being signed to ask the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) and Health Ministry and the Human Resource Development Ministry (MHRD) to immediately issue a directive asking all educational institutions (schools and colleges) to be closed till March 31, 2020, for teachers and other staff as well.
cord-322235-ttjja4r2	2020	title: Stigma, Exclusion, and Mental Health during COVID19: 2 Cases from the Philippines Amid the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) called for considerations that might include stigma and social exclusion as mental health and psychological concerns. Psychiatry is vital in the crisis since it exposes psychosocial problems that, in the case of mental health, feed on the response of the people and society at large (Tandon, 2020) . Health care workers in the Philippines often suffer from the abuse that comes from stigma (Reuters, 2020) and this was shown even among themselves in the second case. This denial forms part of the negative effect on the health of those socially excluded (Samers, 1998) . The state of the art in European research on reducing social exclusion and stigma related to mental health: A systematic mapping of the literature Covid-19: Philippines health care workers suffer abuse, stigma
cord-323690-dp51djtz	2020	review of relevant research, the factors identified are, an unforeseen reality, unending uncertainties, need of acquiring new practices and avoidance behavior, loss of faith in health infrastructure, contraction of COVID-19 by head of states, cautionary statements from international bodies, and infodemia. review of relevant research, the factors identified are, an unforeseen reality, unending uncertainties, need of acquiring new practices and avoidance behavior, loss of faith in health infrastructure, contraction of COVID-19 by head of states, cautionary statements from international bodies, and infodemia. Based on a review of these studies, we define coronaphobia as an excessive triggered response of fear of contracting the virus causing COVID-19, leading to accompanied excessive concern over physiological symptoms, significant stress about personal and occupational loss, increased reassurance and safety seeking behaviors, and avoidance of public places and situations, causing marked impairment in daily life functioning.
cord-323859-rkxgtyoq	2020	Challenges of online learning coupled with a lack of recreational activities that can be done at home can prove to be frustrating for children with such physical disabilities. For instance, in India, 7.8 million children between 0-19 years of age have a physical or mental disability, and one fourth of them do not attend any educational institute (UNESCO, 2019). A system of online clinics and volunteer based psychological interventions should be set up as immediate priority to mitigate effects of COVID-19 on children with mental health issues (Holmes et al., 2020) . Amidst this, it becomes important to keep children with physical and mental disability not only physically safe, but also look after their psychological and emotional wellbeing. Resources for supporting children''s emotional wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic Protecting the psychological health of children through effective communication about COVID-19 Leaving no child behind during the pandemic: Children with disabilities and COVID-19
cord-326256-s9nhzdm3	2020	The current survey aimed to evaluate subjective mental health status, stress and anxiety related to COVID-19. An online survey was conducted among the consenting junior and senior psychiatry resident doctors in a tertiary care post graduate mental health Institute in South India. The survey focussed on worries related to COVID-19 infection, psychosocial impact of lockdown and their mental health status in the preceding 2-3 weeks, what coping strategies residents had developed to deal with the situation and how much support was perceived to be received by the residents. The current pandemic has posed a huge challenge on the health care staff who were unprepared. Managing mental health challenges faced by healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: A cross-sectional study Mental health care for international Chinese students affected by the COVID-19 outbreak.
cord-326414-kq8gru3c	2020	title: Maternal Mental Health in Nepal and its Prioritization During COVID-19 Pandemic: Missing the Obvious Under-prioritization of womens'' psychiatric issue at these times would be missing the obvious. Mental health in pregnancy and puerperium is not addressed to the extent of its necessity and this pandemic has increased the ever present gap in maternal mental health issues. Nepal has just above 57% institutional deliveries and this pandemic may force women to go back Screening for maternal mental health issues is a low priority in Nepal and addressing this issue should be a priority now than ever before. A liaison plan should be made with the involvement of mental health service providers to identify antenatal and postnatal psychiatric issues during hospital stay. Pregnancy and labor cannot wait and along with this comes mental health care. We need to make sure that these women go through a pleasant birth experience through the integration of physical and mental health.
cord-333371-aocp8mrh	2020	title: Online Mental Health Services in Indonesia During the COVID-19 Outbreak In addressing the outbreak, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that COVID-19 was a pandemic and issued several protocols to support mental and social well-being during the outbreak (Brahma, 2020; WHO, 2020) . The Indonesian government has accelerated the handling of the confirmed cases and issued Presidential Decree R1 No. 7 of 2020 on March 13 concerning the task force team for responding to the disease. Therapists, psychologists, counselors, and educational practitioners have also opened online services to help individuals that are experiencing psychological disorders during the outbreak. During the outbreak in Indonesia, several practitioners such as counselors, psychiatrists, psychologists, therapists, and social workers have developed their own initiatives to help with psychological first aid and to improve the general psychological state of the community, including addressing high stress levels, anxiety, depression, OCD, and other psychological conditions.
cord-333701-zefd3yw5	2020	title: A mental health workforce crisis in China: A pre-existing treatment gap coping with the COVID-19 pandemic challanges On top of the large pre-existing treatment gap, China might face a mental health workforce crisis. Since 2010, the Chinese government began to prioritize mental health infrastructure development due to a high burden of mental disorders and gap in available services. For example, since 2009, the central government has directly invested 10.59 billion yuan (USD 1.57 billion), and the civil affairs department invested 2.8 billion yuan(USD 0.41 billion) aiming to build new or expand existing hospitals to achieve full coverage of mental health services in each prefecture-level city. Also, only a small number of economically welldeveloped areas in China have social workers serving mental health patients. China has made progress mostly in the medical care of severe mental disorders in hospitals.
cord-334865-be6q5774	2020	At the time of writing this letter (end March 2020) the world is facing one of the most feared pandemic of all time named -COVID-19, caused by a novel corona virus, SARS-CoV-2 (Anon., 2020). A time when world''s best health-care facilities and global public-health researchers are in dare setback, it''s worth raising the question that, are we prepared enough to handle the psychological ill-effect and psychiatric issues that are anticipated in post-pandemic periods? Three primary concerns to be addressed by fellow psychiatrists are: (1) generating evidence by well conducted studies, (2) generating awareness and psychological preparedness among common men and essential service providers, (3) delivering active psychological and psychiatric intervention to those in need. Later, integration of public mental health -delivering essential psychiatric and psychological services may become pivotal. Fear of COVID 2019: first suicidal case in India!
cord-337816-ivj1imsk	2020	The impressive body of evidence generated by global mental health researchers has generated a range of innovative strategies aimed at addressing the structural barriers to the scaling up of psychosocial therapies, notably the demonstration that pared down ''elements'' of complex psychological treatments packages can be just as effective as standardized treatment protocols (for e.g. behavioural activation for depression, compared with cognitive behaviour treatments); that providers can be trained to learn a library of such ''elements'' targeting specific types of mental health experiences (for example, mood problems, anxiety problems, trauma related problems) and to use simple decision making algorithms to ''match'' patients'' problems with specific treatments elements; that one does not require a formal diagnosis to trigger care, greatly simplifying the dissemination of effective treatments; that these pared down treatments elements and trans-diagnostic protocols can be effectively delivered by non-specialist "therapists", such as community health workers; that these delivery models are highly acceptable to consumers; show recovery rates comparable to specialist care models, and economic analyses show they are excellent value for money (Kohrt et al., 2018; Singla et al., 2017) .
cord-340110-nvjit17f	2020	Further, a mechanism should be established to follow-up the discharged COVID-19 recovered patients via telephone by LHWs or CWs or PHWs to assess their mental health status and provide counseling service to help prevent stress, depression and mitigate suicidal thoughts as J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f COVID-19 recovered patients are at higher risk of discrimination leading to loneliness (Singh and Subedi, 2020). While these measures are keys to fight against COVID-19 pandemic, it is also very important to protect and promote one''s mental wellbeing in this unusual situation which could lead an individual to stress, depression, suicidal ideation thoughts among people due to perceived isolation and loneliness (Singh and Subedi, 2020) .
cord-341624-02bmonj6	2020	1, 3, 4 Despite increased interest in telemental health, the pandemic created a sudden switch from offline to online modalities challenging clinicians to rapidly adapt to meet patients'' needs. 5 This number is higher in low and middle-income countries in Asia, for example, about 85% of clinicians in Bangladesh have never provided telemental health services to their patients. 12 Second, clinicians must have practical competence to deliver online interventions, including assisting patients when they face logistical issues. A brief checklist covers these five ethical standards for telemental health is provided in Table 1 and can complement the available mental health interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic. 1, 2, 13 Telemental health is promising for use during the COVID-19 pandemic, including in Asian countries. Clinician should not rely on this table only and should seek more detail ethical standards from their government and professional organisation before providing telemental health services.
cord-344197-whwyy9kq	2020	To our knowledge, no published evidence exists on quality of media reporting of celebrity suicide in World Health Organization South-East Asian (WHO-SEA) region. To fill this gap in the evidence, we carried out the present research to assess and compare the quality of media reporting of celebrity suicide against WHO suicide reporting guidelines in India and Bangladesh; two neighbouring countries that share similar culture and appetite for Bollywood movies. Next, the investigators performed a content analysis of the included news reports and coded all items using an online data collection proforma, which was prepared using the WHO media suicide reporting recommendations checklist, and has been used in earlier studies (Menon et al., 2020) . Quality of media reporting of suicidal behaviors in South-East Asia Quality of online news reporting of suicidal behavior in Bangladesh against World Health Organization guidelines
cord-345443-6jxlqswz	2020	We analyzed the data on the number of new and follow-up cases and the rate of non-engagement (no-show rate) in the mental health outpatient setting in the four months following the introduction of telepsychiatry, and found that J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f the total number of individuals accessing mental health services between March and June of 2020 increased by approximately 36.5% compared to the same period in 2019, with a similar pattern following differential analysis of new and follow-up cases. Telepsychiatry services have been implemented in many countries even before the pandemic and are shown to be clinically effective delivery methods of mental health services that enhance access to care (Hubley et al., 2016) .
cord-346279-tk06xftj	2020	Centre for Addiction Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences Bangalore, is a government-funded specialized treatment center with thrice a week outpatient, 80-bed inpatient facility and round the clock emergency services. Realizing the need during the lockdown, the Centre of Addiction Medicine, NIMHANS initiated an E-Consultation portal between these trained healthcare workers and Addiction Specialists. The first half dozen questions were related to the information on health providers, including consent, and the next seven about the demographics of the patient, a summary of the case, and any specific query to the specialists. After reviewing the case, the recommendation, along with a focussed educational material, was reverted to the health provider with a secured email. Total 102 health care providers across India, including 49 doctors, have filled up for consultation. During this period of lockdown, e-consult can be a promising approach as it offers rapid, direct, and documented communication between health care providers and specialists (Vimalananda et al., 2015) .
cord-348246-prwg2wvm	2020	Research has established that people who are prone to accept conspiracy theories are predisposed to suffer from Paranoid Personality Disorder (Darwin et al, 2011) . People with Schizotypal Personality Disorder are frequently uninterested in meaningful social relationships, but they tend to compensate that by having a rich inner mental life; in this endeavor, they may fantasize with conspiracy theories, and ultimately come to believe them very strongly. People who accept already circulating conspiracy theories are not necessarily pathological, but people who come up with such theories in the first place, are more likely to suffer from mental disorders. Therefore, even if belief in conspiracy theories about COVID-19 is not necessarily pathological, one effective way of (at least partially) eradicating such beliefs is by contributing to a more robust public mental health.
cord-348351-naktgl9o	2020	title: Suicides related to the COVID-19 outbreak in India: a pilot study of media reports It is of interest that suicidal deaths related to COVID-19 have already been reported in the Asian Journal of Psychiatry (Goyal et al., 2020; Mamun and Griffiths, 2020) . The dissemination of information related to suicide during the COVID-19 outbreak, particularly as it pertains to Asian countries, is of importance to healthcare providers and policy-makers, and is in keeping with the objectives set out by the Journal in its position statement (Tandon, 2020) . The data extracted from the reports included: (a) socio-demographic details, (b) any possible diagnosis of mental illness or substance use disorder, (c) triggering circumstances, (d) remote predisposing factors. Though the results presented here are subject to many limitations, particularly reporting biases (Armstrong et al., 2018) , they provide preliminary information on the factors related to suicide during the COVID-19 outbreak in India.
cord-351448-jowb5kfc	2020	title: The quality of online media reporting of celebrity suicide in India and its association with subsequent online suicide-related search behaviour among general population: An infodemiology study The present study aimed to assess the quality of online media reporting of a recent celebrity suicide in India and its impact on the online suicide related search behaviour of the population. Thus, in the present study we monitored the changes in internet search volumes for keywords representing suicide-seeking and help-seeking behaviours using the Google Trends platform as a proxy marker to assess the impact of recent celebrity suicide in India. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the quality of online media reporting of a celebrity suicide in India, and evaluate its adherence with the WHO guidelines for responsible media reporting of suicide. Further, the use of a novel Google Trends analysis to show an increased online search interest for suicide-seeking keywords immediately after the reference celebrity suicide provided support for the existence of Werther effect in the Indian context.
cord-351892-rmf0azon	2020	For instance, protection of personal data is a major concern of mental health users that might lead people to feel unsteady when talking about intimate issues Ethical principles like justice, integrity, beneficence, nonmaleficence and autonomy must be incorporated in a new ethical framework to regulate the use of digital technologies related to health services. Culture practices are been transformed after the COVID-19 and new ethical controversies on mental health digital services are yet to be identified (Bauer et al., 2017) . To accomplish this challenge, professionals need to discuss, and review topics related to informed consent, data protection, patient privacy, identity confirmation or digital medical J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f prescription in order to incorporate these subjects when developing contemporary mental health programs. As a psychologist, I think there is an opportunity to adapt to a new social digital complexity by developing new codes of conduct aimed at psychologist, psychiatrist and other mental health professionals.