id sid tid token lemma pos cord-316996-8yimrpaz 1 1 key key NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 1 2 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 1 cord-316996 cord-316996 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 2 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 3 8yimrpaz 8yimrpaz CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 4 authors author NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 5 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 6 Nicholls Nicholls NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 8 John John NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 9 M. M. NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 10 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 11 Moss Moss NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 12 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 13 Ronald Ronald NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 14 B. B. NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 15 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 16 Haslam Haslam NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 17 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 18 Stuart Stuart NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 19 M. M. NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 20 title title NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 21 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 22 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 23 use use NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 24 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 25 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 26 therapy therapy NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 27 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 28 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 29 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 30 infections infection NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 31 date date NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 32 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 33 2013 2013 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 34 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 35 04 04 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 36 - - SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 37 17 17 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 38 journal journal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 2 39 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 1 Antiviral antiviral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 2 Res res NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 3 DOI doi NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 4 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 5 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 6 / / SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 7 j.antiviral.2013.04.012 j.antiviral.2013.04.012 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 8 sha sha NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 9 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 10 4616ee474de0d566dfd9f230383dccc48d38af9b 4616ee474de0d566dfd9f230383dccc48d38af9b CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 11 doc_id doc_id CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 12 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 13 316996 316996 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 14 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 3 15 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 4 1 8yimrpaz 8yimrpaz CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 1 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 2 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 3 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 4 inhaled inhale VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 5 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 6 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 7 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 8 functions function NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 9 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 10 removing remove VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 11 sialic sialic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 12 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 14 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 16 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 18 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 19 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 20 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 21 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 22 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 23 preventing prevent VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 24 attachment attachment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 25 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 26 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 27 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 28 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 29 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 30 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 31 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 32 utilize utilize VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 33 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 34 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 35 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 36 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 5 37 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 1 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 2 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 3 typical typical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 5 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 6 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 7 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 8 cleaving cleave VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 9 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 10 α2 α2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 11 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 12 3 3 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 13 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 14 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 15 α2 α2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 16 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 17 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 18 linkages linkage NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 19 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 20 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 22 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 23 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 24 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 25 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 26 effect effect NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 27 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 28 acetylated acetylated JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 29 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 30 hydroxylated hydroxylated JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 31 forms form NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 32 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 33 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 6 34 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 2 potency potency NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 4 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 5 compound compound NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 6 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 7 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 8 enhanced enhance VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 9 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 10 coupling couple VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 11 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 12 active active JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 13 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 14 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 15 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 16 amphiregulin amphiregulin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 17 tag tag NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 18 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 19 allowing allow VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 20 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 21 longer long JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 22 duration duration NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 23 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 24 action action NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 25 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 26 minimizing minimize VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 27 spread spread VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 28 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 29 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 30 systemic systemic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 31 circulation circulation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 7 32 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 1 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 2 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 3 now now RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 4 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 5 Phase Phase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 6 II II NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 7 development development NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 8 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 9 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 10 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 11 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 12 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 14 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 16 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 17 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 18 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 19 activity activity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 20 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 21 individual individual JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 22 cases case NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 23 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 24 parainfluenza parainfluenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 25 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 26 immunosuppressed immunosuppressed JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 27 patients patient NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 8 28 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 1 Continued continued JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 2 evaluation evaluation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 4 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 5 roles role NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 6 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 7 activities activity NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 8 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 9 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 10 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 11 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 12 required require VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 13 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 14 expand expand VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 16 range range NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 17 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 18 successful successful JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 19 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 20 therapies therapy NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 21 targeting target VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 22 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 23 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 24 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 25 derivatives derivative NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 9 26 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 10 1 -an -an : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 1 interaction interaction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 2 involving involve VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 3 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 4 polypeptides polypeptide NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 5 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 6 attachment attachment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 7 proteins protein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 8 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 9 cognate cognate JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 10 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 11 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 12 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 13 receptors receptor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 11 14 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 1 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 2 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 3 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 4 first first JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 5 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 6 compound compound NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 7 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 8 Phase Phase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 9 II II NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 10 development development NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 11 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 12 functions function NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 13 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 14 blocking block VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 15 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 16 pathogen pathogen NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 17 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 18 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 19 interaction interaction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 20 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 21 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 22 destroying destroy VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 23 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 24 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 25 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 26 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 27 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 28 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 29 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 30 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 31 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 33 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 35 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 36 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 37 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 38 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 39 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 40 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 41 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 42 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 12 43 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 2 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 3 paper paper NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 4 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 6 provide provide VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 7 background background NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 8 information information NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 9 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 10 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 11 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 12 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 13 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 14 discuss discuss VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 16 potential potential JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 17 role role NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 18 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 19 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 20 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 21 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 22 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 23 agents agent NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 24 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 25 review review VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 26 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 27 in in FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 28 vitro vitro FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 29 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 30 Phase Phase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 31 II ii CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 32 evaluation evaluation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 33 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 34 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 35 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 36 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 37 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 38 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 39 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 40 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 41 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 42 note note VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 43 evidence evidence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 44 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 45 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 46 drug drug NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 47 would would MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 48 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 49 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 50 useful useful JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 51 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 52 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 53 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 54 infections infection NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 13 55 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 1 Current current JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 2 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 3 strategies strategy NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 4 focus focus VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 5 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 6 prevention prevention NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 7 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 8 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 9 replication replication NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 10 within within IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 11 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 12 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 13 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 14 inhibition inhibition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 15 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 16 release release NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 17 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 18 newly newly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 19 formed form VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 20 virions virion NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 14 21 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 1 Neuraminidase Neuraminidase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 3 NA NA NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 5 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 6 primarily primarily RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 7 act act VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 8 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 9 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 10 step step NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 11 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 12 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 13 they -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 14 play play VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 15 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 16 minor minor JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 17 role role NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 18 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 19 modulating modulate VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 20 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 21 entry entry NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 23 Matrosovich Matrosovich NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 24 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 25 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 26 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 27 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 28 2004 2004 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 15 30 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 2 first first JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 3 step step NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 5 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 6 binding binding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 7 often often RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 8 involves involve VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 9 close close JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 10 contact contact NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 11 between between IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 12 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 13 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 14 attachment attachment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 15 protein protein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 16 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 17 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 18 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 16 19 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 1 Before before IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 2 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 3 development development NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 5 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 7 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 8 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 9 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 10 1980s 1980 NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 11 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 12 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 13 natural natural JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 14 compounds compound NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 15 present present JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 16 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 17 serum serum NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 18 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 19 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 20 particular particular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 21 alpha alpha NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 22 2-macroglobulin 2-macroglobulin CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 23 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 24 inhibited inhibited JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 25 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 26 adsorption adsorption NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 27 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 28 surfaces surface NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 30 Hanaoka Hanaoka NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 31 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 32 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 33 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 34 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 35 1989 1989 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 36 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 17 37 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 1 Later later JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 2 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 3 identified identify VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 4 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 5 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 6 being be VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 7 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 8 key key JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 9 determinant determinant NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 10 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 11 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 12 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 13 these these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 14 compounds compound NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 16 Pritchett Pritchett NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 17 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 18 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 19 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 20 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 21 1987 1987 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 22 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 23 Pritchett Pritchett NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 24 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 25 Paulson Paulson NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 26 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 27 1989 1989 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 18 29 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 1 Lentz Lentz NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 2 proposed propose VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 3 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 4 number number NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 5 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 6 strategies strategy NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 7 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 8 prevent prevent VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 9 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 10 entry entry NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 11 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 12 blocking block VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 13 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 14 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 15 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 17 Lentz Lentz NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 18 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 19 1988 1988 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 21 Lentz Lentz NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 22 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 23 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 24 1990 1990 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 25 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 26 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 27 these these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 28 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 29 mainly mainly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 30 directed direct VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 31 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 32 developing develop VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 33 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 34 antibody antibody NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 35 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 36 mediated mediate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 37 approach approach NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 38 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 39 rather rather RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 40 than than IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 41 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 42 destruction destruction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 19 43 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 2 1988 1988 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 3 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 4 Weis Weis NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 5 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 6 colleague colleague NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 7 used use VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 8 X x NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 9 - - NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 10 ray ray NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 11 crystallography crystallography NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 12 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 13 map map VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 14 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 15 haemagglutinin haemagglutinin JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 16 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 17 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 18 interaction interaction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 20 Weis Weis NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 21 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 22 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 23 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 24 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 25 1988 1988 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 20 27 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 1 With with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 2 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 3 structure structure NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 4 solved solve VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 7 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 8 envisioned envision VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 9 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 11 might may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 12 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 13 possible possible JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 14 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 15 develop develop VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 16 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 17 analogs analog NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 18 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 19 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 20 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 21 block block VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 22 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 24 Pritchett Pritchett NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 25 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 26 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 27 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 28 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 29 1987 1987 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 30 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 31 Pritchett Pritchett NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 32 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 33 Paulson Paulson NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 34 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 35 1989 1989 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 37 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 38 though though IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 39 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 40 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 41 acknowledged acknowledge VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 42 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 43 such such JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 44 drug drug NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 45 design design NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 46 would would MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 47 have have VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 48 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 49 number number NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 50 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 51 structural structural JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 52 obstacles obstacle NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 53 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 54 Weis Weis NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 55 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 56 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 57 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 58 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 59 1988 1988 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 60 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 21 61 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 1 This this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 2 route route NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 4 anti anti JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 5 - - JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 6 influenza influenza JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 7 therapy therapy NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 8 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 9 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 10 pursued pursue VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 11 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 12 as as RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 13 much much JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 14 detail detail NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 15 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 16 blocking block VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 18 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 19 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 20 site site NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 21 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 22 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 23 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 24 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 25 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 26 two two CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 27 recent recent JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 28 reports report NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 29 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 30 developing develop VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 31 drug drug NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 32 design design NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 33 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 34 blocking block VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 35 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 36 HA HA NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 37 binding binding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 38 site site NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 39 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 40 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 41 databases database NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 42 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 43 commercially commercially RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 44 available available JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 45 compounds compound NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 46 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 47 ZINC zinc NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 49 Nandi Nandi NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 50 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 51 2008 2008 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 53 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 54 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 55 techniques technique NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 56 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 57 Al Al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 58 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 59 qattan qattan NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 60 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 61 Mordi Mordi NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 62 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 63 2010a 2010a NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 64 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 65 b b LS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 66 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 67 Blessia Blessia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 68 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 69 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 70 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 71 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 72 2010 2010 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 73 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 22 74 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 2 1958 1958 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 3 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 4 Springer Springer NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 5 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 6 Ansell Ansell NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 7 found find VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 8 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 9 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 10 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 11 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 12 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 13 had have VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 14 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 15 common common JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 16 enzyme enzyme NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 17 property property NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 18 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 19 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 20 ability ability NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 21 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 22 remove remove VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 23 recep recep NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 24 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 25 tors tor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 26 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 27 red red JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 28 blood blood NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 29 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 30 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 31 prevent prevent VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 32 haemagglutination haemagglutination NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 34 Springer Springer NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 35 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 36 Ansell Ansell NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 37 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 38 1958 1958 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 23 40 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 1 To to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 2 investigate investigate VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 3 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 4 requires require VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 5 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 6 understanding understanding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 7 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 8 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 9 nature nature NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 10 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 11 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 12 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 14 presence presence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 15 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 16 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 17 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 18 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 19 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 20 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 21 structure structure NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 22 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 23 function function NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 24 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 25 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 26 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 24 27 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 1 Sialic Sialic NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 2 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 3 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 4 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 5 term term NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 6 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 7 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 8 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 9 family family NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 10 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 11 nine nine CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 12 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 13 carbon carbon NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 14 monoscaccharides monoscaccharide NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 15 found find VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 16 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 17 animals animal NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 18 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 19 certain certain JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 20 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 22 Chen Chen NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 23 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 24 Varki Varki NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 25 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 26 2010 2010 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 25 28 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 2 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 3 typically typically RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 4 found find VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 5 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 7 terminal terminal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 8 portions portion NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 9 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 10 oligosaccharide oligosaccharide NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 11 chains chain NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 12 attached attach VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 13 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 14 proteins protein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 15 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 16 lipids lipid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 17 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 18 form form VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 19 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 20 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 21 glycolipids glycolipid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 22 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 23 respectively respectively RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 26 24 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 1 There there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 2 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 3 over over IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 4 40 40 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 5 naturally naturally RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 6 occurring occur VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 7 variants variant NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 8 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 9 these these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 10 nine nine CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 11 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 12 carbon carbon NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 13 keto keto NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 14 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 15 sugars sugar NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 16 based base VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 17 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 18 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 19 neuraminic neuraminic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 20 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 22 Neu Neu NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 24 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 25 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 26 2-keto-3-deoxynononic 2-keto-3-deoxynononic CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 27 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 29 Kdn kdn NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 31 backbone backbone NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 33 Schauer Schauer NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 34 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 35 1973 1973 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 36 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 37 Varki Varki NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 38 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 39 1997 1997 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 27 41 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 2 discovery discovery NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 4 neuraminic neuraminic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 5 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 6 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 7 Klenk Klenk NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 8 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 9 colleagues colleague NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 10 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 11 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 12 reviewed review VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 13 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 14 Schaeur Schaeur NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 16 Schauer Schauer NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 17 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 18 1973 1973 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 20 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 21 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 22 term term NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 23 sialic sialic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 24 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 25 proposed propose VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 26 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 27 Blix Blix NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 28 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 29 Gottschalk Gottschalk NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 30 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 31 Klenk Klenk NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 32 based base VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 33 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 34 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 35 Greek greek JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 36 word word NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 37 sialion sialion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 39 salivea salivea NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 41 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 42 these these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 43 carbohydrates carbohydrate NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 44 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 45 isolated isolate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 46 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 47 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 48 mucin mucin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 49 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 50 submaxillary submaxillary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 51 glands gland NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 28 52 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 29 1 2.2 2.2 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 29 2 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 30 1 Sialic Sialic NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 30 2 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 30 3 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 30 4 structure structure NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 30 5 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 30 6 function function VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 30 7 2.2.1 2.2.1 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 30 8 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 31 1 Sialic Sialic NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 31 2 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 31 3 structure structure NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 2 diversity diversity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 4 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 5 present present JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 6 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 7 nature nature NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 8 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 9 due due JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 10 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 11 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 12 substitution substitution NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 13 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 14 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 15 4 4 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 16 - - SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 17 9 9 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 18 carbons carbon NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 19 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 20 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 21 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 22 acetyl acetyl NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 23 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 24 sulfate sulfate NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 25 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 26 methyl methyl NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 27 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 28 lactate lactate NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 29 groups group NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 30 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 31 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 32 glycosidic glycosidic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 33 linkage linkage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 34 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 35 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 36 anomeric anomeric NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 37 C C NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 38 2 2 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 39 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 40 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 41 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 42 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 43 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 44 hydroxyl hydroxyl NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 45 group group NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 46 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 47 galactose galactose NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 49 Gal Gal NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 51 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 52 referred refer VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 53 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 54 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 55 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 56 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 57 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 58 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 59 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 60 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 61 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 62 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 63 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 64 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 65 N n CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 66 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 67 acetyl acetyl NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 68 galactosamine galactosamine NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 69 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 70 GalNAc GalNAc NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 71 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 72 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 73 N n CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 74 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 75 acetyl acetyl NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 76 glucosamine glucosamine NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 77 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 78 GlcNAc GlcNAc NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 32 79 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 33 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 33 2 Varki Varki NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 33 3 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 33 4 Varki Varki NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 33 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 33 6 2007 2007 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 33 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 34 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 34 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 34 3 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 34 4 1 1 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 34 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 34 6 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 1 Eleven eleven CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 2 different different JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 3 types type NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 5 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 6 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 7 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 8 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 9 identified identify VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 10 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 11 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 12 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 13 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 14 membrane membrane NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 16 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 17 gas gas NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 18 chromatography chromatography NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 19 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 20 mass mass NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 21 spectrometry spectrometry NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 23 Bulai Bulai NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 24 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 25 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 26 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 27 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 28 2003 2003 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 35 30 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 1 GalNAc GalNAc NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 2 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 3 typically typically RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 4 present present JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 5 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 6 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 7 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 8 glycans glycan NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 10 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 11 GlcNAc GlcNAc NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 12 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 13 normally normally RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 14 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 15 component component NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 16 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 17 N n NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 18 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 19 glycans glycan NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 36 20 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 2 binding binding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 4 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 5 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 6 Gal Gal NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 7 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 8 GalNAc galnac NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 9 requires require VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 10 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 11 family family NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 12 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 13 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 14 called call VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 15 sialyltransferases sialyltransferase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 17 ST ST NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 19 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 20 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 21 each each DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 22 ST ST NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 23 producing produce VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 24 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 25 specific specific JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 26 linkage linkage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 28 Harduin Harduin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 29 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 30 Lepers Lepers NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 31 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 32 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 33 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 34 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 35 2005 2005 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 36 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 37 Paulson Paulson NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 38 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 39 Rademacher Rademacher NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 40 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 41 2009 2009 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 37 42 ; ; . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 38 1 Xia Xia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 38 2 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 38 3 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 38 4 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 38 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 38 6 2005 2005 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 38 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 38 8 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 2 some some DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 3 instances instance NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 4 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 5 multiple multiple JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 6 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 7 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 8 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 9 linked link VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 10 together together RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 11 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 12 form form VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 13 polysialic polysialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 14 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 16 most most RBS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 17 commonly commonly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 18 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 19 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 20 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 21 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 22 8 8 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 39 23 configuration configuration NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 40 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 40 2 Hildebrandt Hildebrandt NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 40 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 40 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 40 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 40 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 40 7 2010 2010 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 40 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 40 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 2 linkage linkage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 4 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 5 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 7 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 8 sugar sugar NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 9 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 10 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 11 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 12 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 13 configuration configuration NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 15 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 16 means mean VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 18 bond bond NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 19 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 20 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 21 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 22 labile labile JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 23 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 24 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 25 readily readily RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 26 destroyed destroy VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 27 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 28 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 29 known know VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 30 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 31 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 41 32 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 2 should should MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 3 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 4 noted note VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 5 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 6 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 7 solution solution NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 8 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 9 unbound unbound JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 10 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 11 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 12 mainly mainly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 13 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 14 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 15 ß ß NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 16 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 17 configuration configuration NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 18 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 19 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 20 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 21 C2 C2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 22 hydroxyl hydroxyl NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 23 positioned position VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 24 axial axial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 25 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 26 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 27 ring ring NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 28 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 29 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 30 equilibrium equilibrium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 31 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 32 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 33 minor minor JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 34 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 35 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 36 form form NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 38 Vimr Vimr NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 39 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 40 1994 1994 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 42 42 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 2 acidic acidic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 3 nature nature NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 5 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 6 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 7 due due JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 8 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 9 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 10 carboxylate carboxylate NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 11 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 12 C C NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 13 1 1 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 15 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 16 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 17 ionized ionize VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 18 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 19 physiological physiological JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 20 pH ph NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 21 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 22 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 23 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 24 pK pK NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 25 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 26 1.8 1.8 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 27 - - SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 28 2.6 2.6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 29 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 30 giving give VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 31 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 32 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 33 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 34 number number NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 35 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 36 useful useful JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 37 features feature NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 38 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 39 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 40 highlighted highlight VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 41 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 42 Schauer Schauer NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 44 Schauer Schauer NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 45 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 46 Fig Fig NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 47 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 48 1 1 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 43 49 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 44 1 Structures structure NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 44 2 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 44 3 different different JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 44 4 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 44 5 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 44 6 derivatives derivative NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 44 7 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 2 numbering numbering NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 4 carbons carbon NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 5 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 6 listed list VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 7 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 8 green green JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 9 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 10 AcO AcO NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 11 refers refer VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 12 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 13 acetlylation acetlylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 45 14 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 1 Two two CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 2 common common JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 3 linkages linkage NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 5 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 6 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 7 galactose galactose NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 8 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 9 form form VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 10 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 11 0 0 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 12 sialyllactose sialyllactose CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 14 Siaa2 Siaa2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 15 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 16 3Galß1 3galß1 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 17 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 18 4Glu 4glu CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 20 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 21 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 22 0 0 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 23 sialyllactose sialyllactose NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 46 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 47 1 Siaa2 Siaa2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 47 2 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 47 3 6Galß1 6galß1 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 47 4 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 47 5 4Glu 4glu CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 47 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 47 7 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 47 8 shown show VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 47 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 48 1 2000 2000 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 48 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 49 1 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 49 2 Vimr Vimr NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 49 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 49 4 Vimr Vimr NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 49 5 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 49 6 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 49 7 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 49 8 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 49 9 2004 2004 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 49 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 49 11 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 2 negatively negatively RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 3 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 4 charged charge VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 5 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 6 will will MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 7 mutually mutually RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 8 repel repel VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 9 each each DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 10 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 11 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 12 allowing allow VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 13 trapping trapping NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 14 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 15 water water NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 16 molecules molecule NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 17 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 18 produce produce VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 19 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 20 highly highly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 21 viscous viscous JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 22 aqueous aqueous JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 23 solution solution NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 24 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 25 comprises comprise VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 26 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 27 glycocalyx glycocalyx NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 28 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 29 many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 30 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 31 surfaces surface NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 50 32 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 2 importance importance NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 4 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 5 shield shield NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 6 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 7 highlighted highlight VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 8 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 9 Varki Varki NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 10 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 11 Varki Varki NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 12 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 13 who who WP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 14 indicated indicate VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 15 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 16 > > XX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 17 1 1 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 18 % % NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 19 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 20 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 21 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 22 genome genome NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 23 encodes encode VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 24 proteins protein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 25 involved involve VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 26 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 27 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 28 glycosylation glycosylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 29 pathway pathway NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 51 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 52 1 Lehmann Lehmann NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 52 2 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 52 3 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 52 4 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 53 1 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 53 2 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 53 3 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 53 4 Varki Varki NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 53 5 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 53 6 Varki Varki NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 53 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 53 8 2007 2007 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 53 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 53 10 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 2 high high JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 3 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 4 content content NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 5 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 6 mucin mucin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 7 acts act NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 8 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 9 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 10 lubricant lubricant NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 11 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 12 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 13 surfaces surface NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 14 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 16 cornea cornea NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 17 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 18 nasal nasal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 19 mucosa mucosa JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 20 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 21 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 22 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 23 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 24 tracts tract NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 25 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 26 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 27 tissues tissue NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 28 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 29 contact contact NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 30 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 31 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 32 environment environment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 54 33 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 1 This this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 2 mucin mucin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 3 protects protect VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 4 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 5 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 6 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 7 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 8 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 9 chemical chemical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 10 damage damage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 11 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 12 such such JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 13 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 14 gastric gastric JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 15 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 16 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 17 digestive digestive JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 18 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 55 19 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 2 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 3 content content NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 5 mucin mucin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 6 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 7 functions function VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 8 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 9 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 10 decoy decoy NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 11 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 12 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 13 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 14 bind bind VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 15 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 16 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 17 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 18 such such JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 19 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 20 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 21 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 23 Lehmann Lehmann NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 24 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 25 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 26 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 27 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 28 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 56 30 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 2 mucin mucin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 3 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 4 produced produce VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 5 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 6 goblet goblet NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 7 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 8 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 9 normally normally RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 10 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 11 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 12 benefit benefit NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 13 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 14 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 57 15 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 58 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 58 2 Nicholls Nicholls NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 58 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 58 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 58 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 58 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 58 7 2007 2007 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 58 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 58 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 1 However however RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 2 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 3 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 4 certain certain JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 5 diseases disease NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 6 such such JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 7 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 8 cystic cystic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 9 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 10 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 11 changes change NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 12 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 13 mucin mucin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 14 composition composition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 15 allow allow VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 16 increased increase VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 17 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 18 growth growth NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 19 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 59 20 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 60 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 60 2 Xia Xia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 60 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 60 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 60 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 60 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 60 7 2005 2005 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 60 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 60 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 2 second second JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 3 main main JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 4 function function NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 5 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 6 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 7 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 8 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 9 enable enable VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 10 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 11 proteins protein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 12 avoid avoid VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 13 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 14 evade evade VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 15 recognition recognition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 16 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 18 body body NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 19 's 's POS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 20 defense defense NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 21 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 61 22 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 2 capping capping NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 4 terminal terminal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 5 galactose galactose NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 6 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 7 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 8 masks mask NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 9 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 10 recognition recognition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 11 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 12 certain certain JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 13 oligosaccharides oligosaccharide NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 14 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 16 asialoglycoprotein asialoglycoprotein NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 17 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 18 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 19 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 20 liver liver NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 22 Grewal Grewal NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 23 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 24 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 25 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 26 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 27 2008 2008 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 29 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 30 similar similar JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 31 receptors receptor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 32 present present JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 33 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 34 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 62 35 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 2 sialylation sialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 4 compounds compound NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 5 allows allow VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 6 plasma plasma NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 7 macromolecules macromolecule NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 8 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 9 have have VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 10 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 11 longer long JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 12 period period NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 13 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 14 time time NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 15 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 16 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 17 circulation circulation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 18 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 19 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 20 number number NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 21 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 22 glycosylation glycosylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 23 sites site NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 24 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 25 related relate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 26 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 27 biological biological JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 28 functions function NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 30 Banks bank NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 31 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 32 2011 2011 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 33 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 34 Sun Sun NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 35 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 36 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 37 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 38 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 39 2011 2011 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 63 41 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 1 Conversely conversely RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 2 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 3 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 4 half half JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 5 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 6 life life NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 7 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 8 many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 9 serum serum NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 10 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 11 such such JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 12 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 13 thyrotropin thyrotropin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 15 erythropoietin erythropoietin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 16 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 17 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 18 follicle follicle NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 19 stimulating stimulate VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 20 hormone hormone NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 21 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 22 decreased decrease VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 23 upon upon IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 24 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 64 25 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 1 Glycosylation glycosylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 2 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 3 proteins protein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 4 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 5 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 6 shield shield NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 7 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 8 prevent prevent VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 9 recognition recognition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 10 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 11 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 12 limited limit VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 13 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 14 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 15 factors factor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 16 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 17 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 18 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 19 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 20 employed employ VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 21 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 22 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 23 such such JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 24 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 25 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 26 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 27 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 28 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 29 leading lead VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 30 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 31 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 32 development development NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 33 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 34 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 65 35 variation variation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 66 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 66 2 Sun Sun NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 66 3 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 66 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 66 5 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 67 1 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 67 2 2011 2011 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 67 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 67 4 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 1 Finally finally RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 2 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 3 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 4 presence presence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 5 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 6 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 7 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 8 glycans glycan NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 9 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 10 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 11 modulate modulate VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 12 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 13 immune immune JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 14 response response NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 16 through through IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 17 recognition recognition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 18 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 19 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 20 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 21 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 22 lectins lectin NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 23 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 24 now now RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 25 known know VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 26 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 27 Siglecs Siglecs NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 68 28 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 2 first first JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 3 Siglec Siglec NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 4 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 5 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 6 identified identify VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 8 sialoadhesin sialoadhesin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 10 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 11 found find VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 12 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 13 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 15 O'Neill O'Neill NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 16 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 17 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 18 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 19 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 20 2013 2013 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 22 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 23 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 24 more more JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 25 than than IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 26 10 10 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 27 different different JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 28 Siglec Siglec NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 29 molecules molecule NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 30 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 31 since since IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 32 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 33 discovered discover VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 35 reviewed review VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 36 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 37 Varki Varki NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 38 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 39 Gagneux Gagneux NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 41 2012 2012 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 69 44 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 1 As as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 2 mentioned mention VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 3 previously previously RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 4 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 5 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 6 can can MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 7 undergo undergo VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 8 modification modification NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 10 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 11 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 12 two two CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 13 most most RBS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 14 common common JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 15 changes change NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 16 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 17 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 18 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 19 hydroxylation hydroxylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 20 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 21 glycolylneuraminic glycolylneuraminic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 22 acid acid NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 24 Neu5Gc Neu5Gc NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 26 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 27 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 28 variant variant JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 29 present present NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 30 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 31 many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 32 animal animal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 33 species specie NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 34 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 35 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 36 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 37 humans human NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 70 38 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 71 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 71 2 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 71 3 former former JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 71 4 situation situation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 71 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 71 6 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 71 7 occurs occur VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 71 8 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 71 9 C4 C4 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 71 10 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 71 11 C6 C6 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 71 12 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 71 13 9 9 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 2 Cao Cao NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 7 2009 2009 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 8 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 9 Schauer Schauer NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 10 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 11 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 12 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 14 2011 2011 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 16 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 17 identification identification NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 18 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 19 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 20 enzyme enzyme NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 21 sialate sialate NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 22 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 23 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 24 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 25 acetyltransferase acetyltransferase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 26 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 27 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 28 candidate candidate NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 29 recently recently RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 30 identified identify VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 32 Arming arming FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 33 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 34 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 35 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 36 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 37 2011 2011 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 72 39 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 1 Modifications modification NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 2 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 3 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 4 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 5 important important JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 6 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 7 consider consider VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 8 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 9 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 10 these these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 11 changes change NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 12 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 13 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 14 particular particular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 15 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 16 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 17 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 18 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 19 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 20 have have VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 21 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 22 effect effect NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 23 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 24 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 25 cleavage cleavage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 26 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 27 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 73 28 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 74 1 Schauer Schauer NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 74 2 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 74 3 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 74 4 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 74 5 position position NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 74 6 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 74 7 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 74 8 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 74 9 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 74 10 effect effect NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 74 11 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 74 12 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 74 13 activity activity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 1 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 2 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 3 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 4 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 5 acetyl acetyl NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 6 group group NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 7 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 8 C C NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 9 8 8 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 10 reduces reduce VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 11 cleavage cleavage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 12 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 13 40 40 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 14 % % NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 15 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 16 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 17 C C NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 18 4 4 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 19 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 20 about about RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 21 80 80 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 22 % % NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 24 Schauer Schauer NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 25 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 26 1973 1973 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 75 28 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 1 Bacteria Bacteria NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 2 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 3 some some DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 4 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 6 notably notably RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 7 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 8 C C NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 9 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 10 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 11 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 13 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 14 circumvented circumvent VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 15 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 16 protective protective JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 17 mechanism mechanism NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 18 through through IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 19 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 20 development development NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 21 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 22 esterases esterases NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 23 located locate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 24 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 25 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 26 cytosol cytosol NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 27 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 28 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 29 lysozymes lysozyme NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 76 30 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 1 Although although IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 2 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 3 C C NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 4 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 5 appeared appear VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 6 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 7 lack lack VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 8 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 9 activity activity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 10 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 12 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 13 still still RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 14 able able JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 15 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 16 agglutinate agglutinate VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 17 red red JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 18 blood blood NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 19 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 20 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 21 certain certain JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 22 species specie NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 23 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 24 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 25 led lead VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 26 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 27 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 28 finding finding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 29 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 30 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 31 esterase esterase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 32 combined combine VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 33 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 34 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 35 haemagglutinin haemagglutinin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 36 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 37 fusion fusion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 38 protein protein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 39 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 40 form form VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 41 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 42 HEF HEF NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 43 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 44 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 45 present present JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 46 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 47 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 48 C c NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 49 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 50 some some DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 77 51 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 78 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 78 2 Martin Martin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 78 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 78 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 78 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 78 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 78 7 2003 2003 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 78 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 78 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 1 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 2 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 3 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 4 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 5 one one CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 6 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 7 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 8 most most RBS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 9 common common JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 10 modification modification NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 11 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 12 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 13 acids acid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 15 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 17 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 18 initially initially RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 19 thought think VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 20 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 21 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 22 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 23 species species NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 24 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 25 specific specific JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 26 determinant determinant NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 28 Klein Klein NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 29 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 30 Roussel Roussel NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 31 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 32 1998 1998 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 79 34 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 2 tissue tissue NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 3 localization localization NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 5 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 6 9-Oacetylation 9-oacetylation CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 7 variant variant NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 8 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 9 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 10 investigated investigate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 11 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 12 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 13 use use NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 14 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 15 specific specific JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 16 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 17 antibodies antibody NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 19 Argueso Argueso NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 20 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 21 Sumiyoshi Sumiyoshi NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 22 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 23 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 25 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 26 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 27 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 28 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 29 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 30 C c NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 31 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 32 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 33 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 34 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 35 soluble soluble JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 36 form form NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 37 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 38 coupled couple VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 39 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 40 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 41 Fc Fc NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 42 portion portion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 43 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 44 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 45 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 46 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 47 Che che NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 48 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 49 FcD fcd NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 80 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 81 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 81 2 Mandal Mandal NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 81 3 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 81 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 81 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 81 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 81 7 2000 2000 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 81 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 81 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 1 These these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 2 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 3 showed show VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 4 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 5 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 6 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 7 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 8 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 9 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 10 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 11 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 12 humans human NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 13 appears appear VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 14 localized localize VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 15 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 16 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 17 suprabasal suprabasal NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 18 plasma plasma NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 19 membranes membrane NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 20 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 21 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 22 exposed expose VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 23 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 24 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 25 ' ' `` cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 26 ' ' `` cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 27 wet wet JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 28 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 29 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 30 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 31 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 32 such such JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 33 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 34 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 35 cornea cornea NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 36 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 37 conjunctiva conjunctiva NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 38 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 39 laryngeal laryngeal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 40 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 41 vaginal vaginal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 42 epithelium epithelium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 82 43 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 1 There there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 2 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 3 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 4 variation variation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 5 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 7 degree degree NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 8 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 9 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 10 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 11 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 12 between between IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 13 ethnic ethnic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 14 backgrounds background NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 16 depending depend VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 17 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 18 whether whether IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 19 individuals individual NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 20 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 21 slow slow JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 22 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 23 fast fast JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 24 acetylators acetylator NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 83 25 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 1 Apart apart RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 2 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 3 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 4 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 5 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 6 Arthrobacter Arthrobacter NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 7 urefaciens urefaciens NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 8 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 9 Actinomyces Actinomyces NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 10 viscosus viscosus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 11 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 12 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 13 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 14 lesser less JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 15 extent extent NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 16 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 17 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 18 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 19 Newcastle Newcastle NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 20 disease disease NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 21 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 22 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 23 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 24 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 25 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 26 apparently apparently RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 27 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 28 effective effective JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 29 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 30 cleaving cleave VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 31 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 32 terminal terminal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 33 sialic sialic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 34 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 84 35 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 85 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 85 2 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 85 3 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 85 4 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 85 5 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 85 6 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 85 7 sterically sterically RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 85 8 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 85 9 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 85 10 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 85 11 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 85 12 competitive competitive JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 85 13 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 1 Thus thus RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 2 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 3 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 4 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 5 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 6 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 7 mucins mucin NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 8 can can MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 9 protect protect VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 10 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 11 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 12 action action NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 13 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 14 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 15 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 86 16 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 1 This this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 2 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 3 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 4 acetlyation acetlyation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 5 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 6 conspicuous conspicuous JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 7 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 8 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 9 terminal terminal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 10 aspect aspect NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 11 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 12 MUC16 MUC16 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 14 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 15 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 16 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 17 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 18 long long JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 19 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 20 domain domain NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 21 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 22 prevents prevent VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 23 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 24 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 25 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 26 intact intact JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 27 epithelium epithelium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 87 28 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 2 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 3 common common JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 4 modification modification NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 5 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 7 addition addition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 8 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 9 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 10 oxygen oxygen NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 11 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 12 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 13 C5 C5 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 14 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 15 form form VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 16 N n CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 17 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 18 glycolylneuraminic glycolylneuraminic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 19 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 21 Neu5Gc Neu5Gc NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 23 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 24 through through IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 25 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 26 action action NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 27 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 28 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 29 enzyme enzyme NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 30 cytidine cytidine NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 31 monophosphate monophosphate NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 32 N N NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 33 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 34 acetylneuraminic acetylneuraminic NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 35 hydroxylase hydroxylase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 37 CMAH CMAH NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 88 39 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 1 Many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 2 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 3 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 4 Ajit Ajit NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 5 Varki Varki NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 6 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 7 colleagues colleague NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 8 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 9 shown show VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 10 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 11 high high JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 12 expression expression NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 13 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 14 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 15 enzyme enzyme NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 16 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 17 many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 18 animal animal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 19 species specie NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 89 20 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 90 1 Humans human NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 90 2 lack lack VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 90 3 CMAH CMAH NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 90 4 activity activity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 90 5 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 90 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 90 7 only only JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 90 8 source source NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 90 9 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 90 10 Neu5Gc Neu5Gc NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 91 1 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 91 2 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 91 3 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 91 4 diet diet NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 91 5 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 1 This this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 2 additional additional JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 3 oxygen oxygen NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 4 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 5 important important JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 6 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 7 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 8 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 9 point point NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 10 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 11 view view NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 12 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 13 that that DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 14 many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 15 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 16 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 17 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 18 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 19 preferably preferably RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 20 cleave cleave VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 21 Neu5Ac Neu5Ac NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 22 over over IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 23 Neu5Gc Neu5Gc NNPS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 24 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 25 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 26 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 27 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 28 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 29 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 30 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 31 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 32 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 33 configuration configuration NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 35 Davies Davies NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 36 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 37 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 38 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 39 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 40 2012 2012 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 92 42 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 1 Viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 2 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 3 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 4 Newcastle Newcastle NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 5 disease disease NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 6 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 8 fowl fowl NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 9 plague plague NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 10 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 11 most most JJS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 12 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 13 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 14 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 15 show show VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 16 poor poor JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 17 cleavage cleavage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 18 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 19 Neu5Gc Neu5Gc NNPS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 20 over over IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 21 Neu5Ac Neu5Ac NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 93 22 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 1 Molecular molecular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 2 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 3 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 4 suggest suggest VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 5 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 6 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 7 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 8 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 9 conformational conformational JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 10 change change NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 11 induced induce VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 12 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 13 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 14 extra extra JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 15 oxygen oxygen NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 16 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 17 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 18 explain explain VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 19 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 20 decreased decrease VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 21 activity activity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 94 22 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 1 If if IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 2 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 3 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 4 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 5 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 6 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 7 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 8 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 9 potential potential JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 10 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 11 agents agent NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 12 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 13 these these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 14 two two CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 15 changes change NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 16 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 17 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 18 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 19 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 20 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 21 Neu5Gc Neu5Gc NNPS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 22 will will MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 23 have have VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 24 practical practical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 25 implications implication NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 26 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 27 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 28 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 29 agent agent NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 30 will will MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 31 have have VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 32 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 33 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 34 one one NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 35 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 36 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 37 able able JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 38 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 39 break break VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 40 through through IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 41 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 42 mucin mucin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 43 barrier barrier NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 44 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 45 cleave cleave VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 46 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 47 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 48 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 49 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 50 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 51 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 52 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 53 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 95 54 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 2 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 3 case case NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 5 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 6 cleavage cleavage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 7 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 8 Neu5Gc Neu5Gc NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 10 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 11 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 12 cleavage cleavage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 13 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 14 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 15 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 16 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 17 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 18 major major JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 19 concern concern NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 20 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 21 because because IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 22 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 23 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 24 lack lack NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 25 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 26 CMAH CMAH NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 27 enzyme enzyme NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 28 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 29 humans human NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 30 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 31 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 32 thus thus RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 33 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 34 mucin mucin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 35 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 36 exclusively exclusively RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 37 Neu5Ac Neu5Ac NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 96 38 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 1 However however RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 2 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 3 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 4 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 5 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 6 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 8 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 9 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 10 cleavage cleavage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 11 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 12 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 13 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 14 concern concern NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 15 if if IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 16 topical topical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 17 therapy therapy NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 18 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 19 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 20 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 21 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 22 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 23 regions region NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 24 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 25 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 26 body body NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 27 where where WRB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 28 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 29 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 30 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 31 high high JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 32 degree degree NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 33 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 34 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 35 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 36 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 37 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 38 non non JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 39 - - JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 40 keratinized keratinized JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 41 stratified stratified JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 42 squamous squamous JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 43 epithelium epithelium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 44 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 45 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 46 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 47 present present JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 48 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 49 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 50 eye eye NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 51 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 52 larynx larynx NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 97 53 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 2 addition addition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 3 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 4 recognition recognition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 5 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 6 Siglecs Siglecs NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 8 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 9 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 10 functions function VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 11 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 12 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 13 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 14 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 15 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 16 number number NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 17 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 18 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 19 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 20 agents agent NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 21 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 22 some some DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 23 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 24 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 25 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 26 discovered discover VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 27 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 28 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 29 ability ability NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 30 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 31 cause cause VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 32 clumping clumping NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 33 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 34 agglutination agglutination NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 35 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 36 red red JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 37 blood blood NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 38 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 39 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 40 vitro vitro FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 42 haemagglutination haemagglutination NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 98 44 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 1 As as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 2 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 3 replicate replicate VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 4 intracellularly intracellularly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 7 follows follow VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 8 logically logically RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 9 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 10 successful successful JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 11 attachment attachment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 12 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 13 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 14 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 15 requires require VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 16 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 17 matching matching NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 18 up up RP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 19 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 20 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 21 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 22 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 23 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 24 pathogen pathogen NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 99 25 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 1 This this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 2 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 3 often often RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 4 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 5 two two CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 6 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 7 step step NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 8 process process NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 9 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 10 first first RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 11 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 12 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 13 low low JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 14 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 15 affinity affinity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 16 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 17 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 18 browsing browse VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 19 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 20 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 21 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 22 followed follow VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 23 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 24 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 25 higher high JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 26 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 27 affinity affinity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 28 interaction interaction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 29 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 30 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 31 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 32 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 33 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 34 more more RBR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 35 specific specific JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 36 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 37 interactions interaction NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 39 Helander Helander NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 40 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 41 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 42 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 43 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 44 2003 2003 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 100 46 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 1 An an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 2 extensive extensive JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 3 list list NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 5 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 6 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 7 utilize utilize VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 8 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 9 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 10 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 11 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 12 infect infect VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 13 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 15 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 16 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 17 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 18 reviewed review VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 19 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 20 Lehmann Lehmann NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 21 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 22 colleagues colleague NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 24 Lehmann Lehmann NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 25 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 26 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 27 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 28 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 29 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 101 31 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 1 Even even RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 2 though though IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 3 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 4 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 5 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 6 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 7 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 8 most most RBS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 9 well well RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 10 characterized characterize VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 11 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 12 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 13 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 14 studied study VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 17 must must MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 18 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 19 noted note VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 20 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 21 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 22 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 23 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 24 including include VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 25 cytomegalovirus cytomegalovirus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 27 Taylor Taylor NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 28 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 29 Cooper Cooper NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 30 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 31 1989 1989 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 33 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 34 rhinovirus rhinovirus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 35 87 87 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 37 Blomqvist Blomqvist NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 38 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 39 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 40 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 41 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 42 2002 2002 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 44 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 45 mumps mumps NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 46 Urabe Urabe NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 47 AM9 am9 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 49 Reyes- Reyes- VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 50 Leyva Leyva NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 51 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 52 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 53 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 54 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 55 2007 2007 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 57 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 58 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 59 paramyxoviruses paramyxovirus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 60 all all DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 61 utilize utilize VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 62 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 63 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 64 Suzuki Suzuki NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 65 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 66 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 67 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 68 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 69 2001 2001 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 102 70 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 2 Paulson Paulson NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 7 1979 1979 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 10 suggesting suggest VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 11 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 12 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 13 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 14 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 15 potentially potentially RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 16 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 17 useful useful JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 18 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 19 these these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 20 infections infection NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 103 21 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 1 Bacteria Bacteria NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 2 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 3 able able JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 4 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 5 produce produce VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 6 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 7 both both DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 8 through through IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 9 de de FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 10 novo novo NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 11 synthesis synthesis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 12 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 13 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 14 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 15 sialyl sialyl JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 16 precursors precursor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 17 scavenged scavenge VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 18 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 19 animal animal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 20 hosts host NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 104 21 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 2 syn syn NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 3 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 4 thesis thesis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 5 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 6 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 7 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 8 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 9 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 10 limited limit VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 11 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 12 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 13 few few JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 15 mostly mostly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 16 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 17 species specie NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 18 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 19 incorporate incorporate VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 20 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 21 into into IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 22 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 23 structures structure NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 24 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 25 such such JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 26 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 27 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 28 capsular capsular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 29 polysialic polysialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 30 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 31 found find VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 32 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 33 Neisseria Neisseria NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 34 meningitidis meningitidis NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 35 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 36 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 37 coli coli VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 38 K1 K1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 40 Plumbridge Plumbridge NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 41 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 42 Vimr Vimr NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 43 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 44 1999 1999 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 105 46 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 2 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 3 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 4 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 5 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 6 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 7 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 8 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 9 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 10 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 11 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 12 growth growth NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 13 factor factor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 14 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 15 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 16 source source NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 17 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 106 18 carbon carbon NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 107 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 107 2 Kim Kim NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 107 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 107 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 107 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 107 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 107 7 2011 2011 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 107 8 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 1 Stafford Stafford NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 2 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 3 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 4 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 6 2012 2012 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 7 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 8 Vimr Vimr NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 9 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 10 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 11 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 12 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 13 2004 2004 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 108 15 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 1 Bacteria Bacteria NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 2 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 3 utilize utilize VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 4 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 5 include include VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 6 Neisseria Neisseria NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 8 Haemophilus Haemophilus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 10 Bacteroides Bacteroides NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 11 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 12 Fusobacteria Fusobacteria NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 13 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 14 Streptococci Streptococci NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 109 15 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 1 To to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 2 achieve achieve VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 3 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 4 scavenger scavenger NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 5 effect effect NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 7 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 8 bacterium bacterium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 9 first first RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 10 require require VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 11 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 12 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 13 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 14 remove remove VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 16 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 17 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 18 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 19 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 20 environment environment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 21 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 22 then then RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 23 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 24 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 25 catabolism catabolism NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 26 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 27 followed follow VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 28 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 29 uptake uptake NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 30 into into IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 31 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 32 bacterium bacterium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 33 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 34 utilization utilization NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 110 35 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 2 latter latter JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 3 two two CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 4 steps step NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 5 will will MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 6 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 7 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 8 elucidated elucidate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 9 further further RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 10 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 11 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 12 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 13 excellent excellent JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 14 review review NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 15 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 16 these these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 17 processes process NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 18 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 111 19 available available JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 112 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 112 2 Vimr Vimr NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 112 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 112 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 112 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 112 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 112 7 2004 2004 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 112 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 112 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 1 Another another DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 2 outcome outcome NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 4 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 5 sialylation sialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 6 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 7 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 8 surfaces surface NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 9 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 10 similar similar JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 11 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 12 that that DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 13 mentioned mention VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 14 above above RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 15 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 16 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 17 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 18 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 19 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 21 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 22 able able JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 23 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 24 avoid avoid VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 25 recognition recognition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 26 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 27 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 28 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 29 defense defense NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 30 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 31 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 32 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 33 sialylation sialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 34 results result NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 35 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 36 recognition recognition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 37 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 38 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 39 ' ' `` cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 40 self self NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 41 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 42 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 43 rather rather RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 44 than than IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 45 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 46 ' ' `` cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 47 foreign foreign JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 48 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 49 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 113 50 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 1 Over over IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 2 70 70 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 3 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 4 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 5 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 6 activity activity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 8 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 9 several several JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 10 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 11 such such JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 12 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 13 Streptococcus streptococcus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 14 pneumoniae pneumoniae NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 15 produce produce VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 16 more more JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 17 than than IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 18 one one CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 19 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 21 NanA NanA NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 22 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 23 NanB NanB NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 24 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 25 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 26 NanC NanC NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 114 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 115 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 115 2 Gut Gut NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 115 3 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 115 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 115 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 115 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 115 7 2008 2008 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 115 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 115 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 2 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 4 S. S. NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 5 pneumoniae pneumoniae NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 6 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 7 expose expose VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 8 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 9 receptors receptor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 10 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 11 desialylate desialylate NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 12 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 13 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 14 such such JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 15 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 16 lactoferrin lactoferrin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 17 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 18 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 19 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 20 clear clear JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 21 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 116 22 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 2 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 3 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 4 lead lead VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 5 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 7 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 8 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 9 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 10 lipopolysaccharides lipopolysaccharide NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 11 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 12 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 13 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 14 such such JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 15 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 16 N. N. NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 17 meningitidis meningitidis NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 18 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 19 Haemophilus Haemophilus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 20 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 21 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 22 giving give VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 23 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 24 pneumococcus pneumococcus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 25 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 26 competitive competitive JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 27 growth growth NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 28 advantage advantage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 30 Pettigrew Pettigrew NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 31 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 32 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 33 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 34 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 35 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 117 37 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 118 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 118 2 NanA NanA NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 118 3 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 118 4 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 118 5 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 118 6 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 118 7 anchored anchor VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 118 8 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 118 9 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 118 10 functions function NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 118 11 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 118 12 adherence adherence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 118 13 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 119 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 119 2 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 119 3 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 119 4 provide provide VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 119 5 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 119 6 carbon carbon NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 119 7 source source NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 119 8 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 119 9 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 119 10 bacterium bacterium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 119 11 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 1 Similar similar JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 2 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 3 many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 4 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 5 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 6 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 8 NanB NanB NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 9 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 10 secreted secrete VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 11 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 12 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 13 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 14 enzyme enzyme NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 15 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 16 implicated implicate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 17 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 18 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 19 severity severity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 20 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 21 pneumococcal pneumococcal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 22 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 24 Manco Manco NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 25 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 26 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 27 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 28 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 29 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 120 31 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 1 Desialylation Desialylation NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 2 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 3 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 4 involve involve VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 5 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 6 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 7 epithelium epithelium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 8 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 9 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 10 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 11 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 12 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 13 previous previous JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 14 concerns concern NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 15 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 16 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 17 whether whether IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 18 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 19 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 20 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 21 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 22 epithelium epithelium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 23 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 24 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 25 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 26 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 27 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 28 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 29 lead lead VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 30 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 31 increased increase VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 32 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 33 adherence adherence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 34 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 35 superinfection superinfection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 121 36 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 2 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 3 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 4 well well RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 5 recognized recognize VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 6 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 7 patients patient NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 8 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 9 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 10 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 11 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 12 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 13 secondary secondary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 14 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 122 15 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 2 van van NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 3 der der NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 4 Sluijs Sluijs NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 5 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 6 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 7 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 8 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 9 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 11 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 12 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 13 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 14 high high JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 15 mortality mortality NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 16 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 18 1918 1918 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 19 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 20 pandemic pandemic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 21 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 22 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 23 attributed attribute VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 24 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 25 secondary secondary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 26 infections infection NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 28 Brundage Brundage NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 29 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 30 Shanks Shanks NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 31 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 32 2008 2008 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 123 34 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 1 If if IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 2 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 3 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 4 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 5 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 6 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 7 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 8 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 9 prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 10 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 11 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 12 strategy strategy NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 14 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 15 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 16 therefore therefore RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 17 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 18 concerns concern NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 19 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 20 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 21 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 22 lead lead VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 23 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 24 increased increase VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 25 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 26 adherence adherence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 27 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 28 secondary secondary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 29 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 30 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 32 Zhang Zhang NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 33 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 34 2008 2008 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 124 36 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 2 reality reality NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 3 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 4 increased increase VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 5 adherence adherence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 6 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 7 due due JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 8 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 9 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 10 necrosis necrosis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 11 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 12 exposure exposure NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 13 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 14 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 15 basement basement NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 16 membranes membrane NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 17 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 18 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 19 result result NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 20 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 21 viral viral RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 22 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 23 induced induce VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 24 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 25 death death NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 27 Plotkowski Plotkowski NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 28 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 29 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 30 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 31 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 32 1986 1986 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 34 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 35 rather rather RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 36 than than IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 37 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 38 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 39 induced induce VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 40 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 41 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 42 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 43 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 44 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 45 associated associate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 46 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 47 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 48 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 49 death death NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 50 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 51 Nicholls Nicholls NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 52 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 53 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 54 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 55 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 56 2008 2008 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 57 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 125 58 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 1 Although although IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 2 sequence sequence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 3 homologies homology NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 4 among among IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 5 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 6 different different JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 7 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 8 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 9 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 10 less less JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 11 than than IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 12 30 30 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 13 % % NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 15 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 16 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 17 unique unique JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 18 motifs motif NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 19 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 20 conserved conserve VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 21 regions region NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 22 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 23 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 24 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 25 domains domain NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 126 26 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 2 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 3 domain domain NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 5 Clostridium clostridium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 6 perfringens perfringen NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 7 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 8 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 9 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 10 determined determine VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 11 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 12 NMR NMR NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 14 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 15 shares share NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 16 key key JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 17 features feature VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 18 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 19 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 20 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 21 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 23 Newstead Newstead NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 24 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 25 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 26 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 27 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 28 2008 2008 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 127 30 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 1 These these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 2 include include VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 3 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 4 cluster cluster NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 5 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 6 three three CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 7 arginines arginine NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 8 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 9 interact interact VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 10 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 11 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 12 carboxylate carboxylate NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 13 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 14 C1 C1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 16 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 17 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 18 / / SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 19 base base NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 20 catabolic catabolic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 21 Asp Asp NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 22 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 23 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 24 hydrophobic hydrophobic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 25 pocket pocket NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 26 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 27 accommodate accommodate VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 28 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 29 N N NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 30 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 31 acetyl acetyl NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 32 group group NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 128 33 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 129 1 Three three CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 129 2 water water NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 129 3 molecules molecule NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 129 4 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 129 5 involved involve VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 129 6 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 129 7 bridge bridge VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 129 8 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 129 9 side side NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 129 10 chains chain NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 129 11 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 129 12 ligands ligand NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 129 13 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 1 Despite despite IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 2 many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 3 overall overall JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 4 similarities similarity NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 5 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 6 structure structure NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 8 each each DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 9 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 10 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 11 displays display VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 12 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 13 preference preference NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 14 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 15 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 16 different different JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 17 linkage linkage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 18 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 19 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 20 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 21 manner manner NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 22 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 23 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 24 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 25 clearly clearly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 26 related relate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 27 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 28 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 29 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 30 species specie NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 130 31 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 2 range range NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 3 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 4 diversity diversity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 5 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 6 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 7 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 8 specificities specificity NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 9 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 10 initially initially RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 11 studied study VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 12 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 13 characterized characterize VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 14 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 15 Schauer Schauer NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 16 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 18 early early JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 19 1980s 1980 NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 21 Corfield Corfield NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 22 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 23 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 24 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 25 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 26 1981 1981 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 27 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 28 Corfield Corfield NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 29 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 30 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 31 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 32 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 33 1983 1983 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 131 35 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 132 1 For for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 132 2 instance instance NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 132 3 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 132 4 Bacteroides Bacteroides NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 132 5 fragilis fragili NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 1 STB3182 STB3182 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 2 prefers prefer VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 3 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 4 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 5 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 6 8 8 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 7 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 8 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 9 a2 a2 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 10 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 11 3/6 3/6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 12 linkage linkage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 14 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 15 B. B. NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 16 fragilis fragilis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 17 4852 4852 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 18 appears appear VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 19 quite quite RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 20 flexible flexible JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 21 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 22 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 23 preference preference NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 133 24 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 134 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 134 2 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 134 3 even even RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 134 4 possible possible JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 134 5 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 134 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 134 7 same same JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 134 8 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 134 9 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 134 10 have have VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 134 11 different different JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 134 12 specificities specificity NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 134 13 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 1 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 2 NanA NanA NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 4 S. S. NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 5 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 6 can can MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 7 cleave cleave VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 8 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 9 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 10 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 11 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 12 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 13 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 14 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 15 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 16 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 17 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 18 8 8 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 19 linkages linkage NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 20 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 21 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 22 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 23 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 24 NanB NanB NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 25 prefers prefer VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 26 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 27 substrate substrate NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 28 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 29 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 30 a2 a2 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 31 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 32 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 33 linkage linkage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 135 34 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 2 broad broad JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 3 range range NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 5 specificities specificity NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 6 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 7 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 8 attributed attribute VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 9 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 10 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 11 number number NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 12 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 13 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 15 including include VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 16 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 17 configuration configuration NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 18 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 19 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 20 active active JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 21 site site NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 22 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 23 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 24 role role NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 25 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 26 water water NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 27 molecules molecule NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 28 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 29 nucleophiles nucleophile NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 136 30 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 2 crystal crystal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 3 structure structure NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 5 NanB NanB NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 6 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 7 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 8 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 9 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 10 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 11 a2 a2 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 12 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 13 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 14 cleavage cleavage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 15 specificity specificity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 16 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 17 proposing propose VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 18 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 19 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 20 additional additional JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 21 rim rim NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 22 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 23 residues residue NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 24 above above IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 25 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 26 arginine arginine NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 27 triad triad NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 28 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 29 only only RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 30 allow allow VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 31 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 32 a2 a2 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 33 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 34 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 35 configuration configuration NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 36 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 37 bind bind VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 39 Gut Gut NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 40 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 41 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 42 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 43 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 44 2008 2008 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 137 46 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 1 Because because IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 2 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 3 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 4 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 5 primary primary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 6 recognition recognition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 7 sites site NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 8 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 9 many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 10 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 11 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 12 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 15 would would MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 16 seem seem VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 17 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 18 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 19 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 20 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 21 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 22 could could MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 23 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 24 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 25 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 26 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 27 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 28 agent agent NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 29 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 30 cleave cleave VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 31 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 32 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 33 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 34 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 35 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 36 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 37 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 38 thus thus RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 39 block block NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 40 binding binding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 138 41 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 139 1 Achieving achieve VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 139 2 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 139 3 would would MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 139 4 require require VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 139 5 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 139 6 number number NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 139 7 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 139 8 properties property NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 139 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 2 first first JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 3 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 4 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 5 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 6 effective effective JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 7 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 8 would would MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 9 need need VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 10 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 11 have have VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 12 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 13 broad broad JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 14 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 15 activity activity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 16 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 17 because because IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 18 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 19 agents agent NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 20 such such JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 21 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 22 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 23 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 24 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 25 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 26 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 27 dependent dependent JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 28 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 29 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 30 linkage linkage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 31 between between IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 32 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 33 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 34 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 35 galactose galactose NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 140 36 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 2 first first JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 3 evidence evidence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 5 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 6 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 7 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 8 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 9 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 10 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 11 Rogers Rogers NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 12 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 13 Paulson Paulson NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 15 who who WP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 16 desialylated desialylate VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 17 red red JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 18 blood blood NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 19 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 20 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 21 then then RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 22 re re VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 23 - - VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 24 sialylated sialylate VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 25 them -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 26 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 27 specific specific JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 28 sialyltransferases sialyltransferase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 29 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 30 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 31 either either CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 32 a2 a2 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 33 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 34 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 35 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 36 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 37 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 38 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 39 linked link VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 141 40 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 1 Avian avian JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 2 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 3 equine equine JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 4 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 5 agglutinated agglutinate VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 7 former former JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 8 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 9 while while IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 10 human human NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 11 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 12 swine swine NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 13 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 14 agglutinated agglutinate VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 16 latter latter JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 142 17 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 143 1 From from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 143 2 these these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 143 3 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 143 4 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 143 5 paradigm paradigm NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 143 6 emerged emerge VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 143 7 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 143 8 avian avian JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 143 9 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 143 10 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 143 11 primarily primarily RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 1 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 2 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 3 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 4 binding binding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 5 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 6 human human NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 7 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 8 swine swine NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 9 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 10 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 11 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 12 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 13 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 14 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 16 Wilks Wilks NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 17 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 18 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 19 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 20 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 21 2012 2012 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 144 23 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 1 As as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 2 ducks duck NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 3 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 4 waterfowl waterfowl NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 5 contain contain VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 6 mainly mainly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 7 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 8 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 9 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 10 terminated terminate VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 11 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 12 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 14 intestines intestine NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 16 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 17 would would MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 18 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 19 little little JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 20 selection selection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 21 pressure pressure NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 22 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 23 avian avian JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 24 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 25 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 26 acquire acquire VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 27 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 28 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 29 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 30 binding binding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 31 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 32 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 33 cross cross JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 34 - - JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 35 species species JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 36 transmission transmission NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 37 would would MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 38 require require VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 39 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 40 number number NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 41 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 42 mutations mutation NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 145 43 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 2 ferrets ferret NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 3 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 4 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 5 example example NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 7 up up IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 8 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 9 nine nine CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 10 passages passage NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 11 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 12 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 13 high high JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 14 inoculum inoculum NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 15 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 16 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 17 required require VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 18 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 19 adaptation adaptation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 20 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 21 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 22 H9N2 H9N2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 23 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 24 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 25 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 26 avian avian JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 27 configuration configuration NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 29 Sorrell Sorrell NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 30 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 31 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 32 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 33 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 34 2009 2009 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 146 36 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 1 Recent recent JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 2 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 3 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 4 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 5 USA USA NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 7 Imai Imai NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 8 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 9 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 10 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 11 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 12 2012 2012 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 14 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 16 Netherlands Netherlands NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 18 Herfst Herfst NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 19 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 20 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 21 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 22 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 23 2012 2012 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 25 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 26 shown show VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 27 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 28 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 29 undergoes undergo VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 30 natural natural JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 31 purifying purifying NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 32 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 33 negative negative JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 34 selection selection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 35 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 36 rather rather RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 37 than than IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 38 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 39 diversifying diversify VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 40 positive positive JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 41 selection selection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 42 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 43 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 44 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 45 multiple multiple JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 46 introduced introduce VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 47 mutations mutation NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 48 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 49 required require VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 50 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 51 avian avian JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 52 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 53 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 54 develop develop VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 55 greater great JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 56 affinity affinity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 57 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 58 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 59 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 60 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 61 receptors receptor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 62 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 63 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 64 replicate replicate VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 65 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 66 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 67 ferret ferret JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 68 upper upper JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 69 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 70 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 71 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 72 leading lead VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 73 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 74 transmission transmission NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 147 75 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 1 Lectin Lectin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 2 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 3 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 4 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 5 shown show VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 6 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 7 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 8 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 9 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 10 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 11 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 12 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 13 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 14 N n NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 15 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 16 linked link VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 17 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 18 acids acid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 19 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 20 distributed distribute VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 21 throughout throughout IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 22 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 23 upper upper JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 24 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 25 lower low JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 26 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 27 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 28 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 29 humans human NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 30 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 31 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 32 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 33 increased increase VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 34 distribution distribution NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 35 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 36 a2 a2 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 37 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 38 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 39 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 40 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 41 linked link VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 42 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 43 acids acid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 44 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 45 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 46 lower low JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 47 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 48 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 50 Nicholls Nicholls NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 51 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 52 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 53 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 54 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 55 2007 2007 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 148 57 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 1 If if IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 2 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 3 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 4 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 5 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 6 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 7 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 8 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 9 prevent prevent VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 10 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 11 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 12 humans human NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 15 would would MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 16 therefore therefore RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 17 have have VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 18 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 19 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 20 one one CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 21 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 22 cleaves cleave VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 23 both both DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 24 types type NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 25 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 26 linkages linkage NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 27 present present JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 28 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 29 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 30 upper upper JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 31 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 32 lower low JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 33 airways airway NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 149 34 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 1 To to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 2 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 3 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 4 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 5 therapy therapy NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 6 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 8 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 9 infections infection NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 10 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 11 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 12 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 13 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 14 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 15 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 16 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 17 effective effective JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 18 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 19 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 20 topical topical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 21 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 22 inhalational inhalational JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 23 agent agent NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 150 24 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 2 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 3 mentioned mention VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 4 previously previously RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 5 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 6 one one CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 7 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 8 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 9 properties property NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 10 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 11 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 12 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 13 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 14 protect protect VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 15 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 16 ' ' `` cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 17 self self NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 18 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 19 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 20 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 21 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 22 being be VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 23 recognized recognize VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 24 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 25 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 26 ' ' `` cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 27 foreign foreign JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 28 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 29 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 151 30 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 1 If if IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 2 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 3 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 4 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 5 administered administer VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 6 systemically systemically RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 8 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 9 could could MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 10 lead lead VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 11 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 12 widespread widespread JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 13 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 14 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 15 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 16 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 17 suppression suppression NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 18 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 19 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 20 Siglec Siglec NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 21 pathways pathway NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 152 22 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 1 For for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 2 instance instance NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 3 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 4 since since IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 5 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 6 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 7 removed remove VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 8 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 9 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 10 circulation circulation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 11 once once IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 12 they -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 13 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 14 desialylated desialylate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 17 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 18 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 19 proposed propose VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 20 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 21 systemic systemic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 22 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 23 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 24 might may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 25 result result VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 26 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 27 widespread widespread JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 28 erythrophagocytosis erythrophagocytosis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 30 Biondi Biondi NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 31 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 32 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 33 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 34 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 35 2002 2002 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 36 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 37 Bratosin Bratosin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 38 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 39 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 40 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 41 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 42 1998 1998 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 153 44 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 2 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 3 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 4 many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 5 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 6 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 7 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 8 infect infect VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 9 both both CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 10 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 11 upper upper JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 12 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 13 lower low JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 15 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 16 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 17 including include VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 18 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 19 alveoli alveolus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 20 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 21 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 22 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 23 would would MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 24 need need VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 25 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 26 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 27 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 28 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 29 aerosolized aerosolized JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 30 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 31 nebulized nebulize VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 32 form form NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 33 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 34 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 35 allow allow VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 36 even even JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 37 distribution distribution NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 38 throughout throughout IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 39 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 40 airway airway NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 154 41 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 1 Finally finally RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 2 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 3 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 4 mechanism mechanism NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 5 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 6 retention retention NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 7 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 8 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 9 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 10 environment environment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 11 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 12 avoiding avoid VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 13 rapid rapid JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 14 catabolism catabolism NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 16 would would MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 17 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 18 advantageous advantageous JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 19 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 20 effective effective JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 21 pharmacokinetics pharmacokinetic NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 155 22 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 1 Sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 2 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 3 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 5 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 6 inhibit inhibit VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 7 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 8 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 9 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 10 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 11 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 12 number number NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 13 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 14 in in FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 15 vitro vitro FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 16 experiments experiment NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 156 17 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 1 Even even RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 2 before before IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 3 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 4 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 5 proven prove VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 6 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 7 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 8 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 9 receptors receptor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 10 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 11 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 12 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 15 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 16 observed observe VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 17 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 18 when when WRB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 19 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 20 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 21 enzymatically enzymatically RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 22 removed remove VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 23 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 24 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 25 surfaces surface NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 26 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 27 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 28 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 29 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 30 less less RBR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 31 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 32 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 33 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 35 Gottschalk Gottschalk NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 36 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 37 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 38 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 39 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 40 1960 1960 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 157 42 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 1 Further further JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 2 work work NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 3 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 4 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 5 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 6 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 7 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 8 lines line NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 9 showed show VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 10 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 11 reduction reduction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 12 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 13 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 14 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 15 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 17 Bergelson Bergelson NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 18 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 19 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 20 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 21 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 22 1982 1982 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 23 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 24 Griffin Griffin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 25 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 26 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 27 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 28 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 29 1983 1983 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 158 31 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 2 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 4 Micromonospora Micromonospora NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 5 viridifaciens viridifaciens NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 6 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 7 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 8 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 9 1995 1995 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 10 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 11 destroy destroy VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 12 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 13 receptors receptor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 15 Air Air NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 16 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 17 Laver Laver NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 18 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 19 1995 1995 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 21 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 22 these these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 23 findings finding NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 24 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 25 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 26 translated translate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 27 into into IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 28 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 29 practical practical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 30 approach approach NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 31 until until IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 32 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 33 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 34 when when WRB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 35 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 36 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 37 two two CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 38 reports report NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 39 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 40 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 41 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 42 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 43 successfully successfully RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 44 block block VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 45 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 46 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 47 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 159 48 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 2 first first JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 3 approach approach NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 4 used use VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 5 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 6 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 7 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 8 Vibrio Vibrio NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 9 cholera cholera NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 10 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 11 treat treat VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 12 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 13 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 14 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 15 virus virus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 16 three three CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 160 17 infections infection NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 2 Thompson Thompson NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 7 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 10 while while IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 11 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 12 second second NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 13 used use VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 14 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 15 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 16 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 17 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 18 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 19 coupled couple VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 20 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 21 amphiregulin amphiregulin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 22 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 23 tested test VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 24 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 25 anti anti JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 26 - - JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 27 influenza influenza JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 161 28 activity activity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 162 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 162 2 Malakhov Malakhov NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 162 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 162 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 162 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 162 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 162 7 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 162 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 162 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 1 This this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 2 second second JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 3 compound compound NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 4 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 5 called call VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 6 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 8 used use VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 9 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 10 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 11 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 12 A. A. NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 13 viscosus viscosus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 163 14 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 2 coupling coupling NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 4 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 5 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 6 amphiregulin amphiregulin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 7 allowed allow VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 9 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 10 bind bind VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 11 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 12 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 13 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 14 epithelium epithelium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 16 thus thus RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 17 prolonging prolong VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 18 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 19 duration duration NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 20 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 21 drug drug NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 22 effect effect NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 164 23 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 1 A. A. NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 2 viscosus viscosus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 3 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 4 one one CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 5 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 7 first first JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 8 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 9 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 10 colonize colonize VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 11 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 12 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 13 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 14 teeth tooth NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 165 15 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 166 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 166 2 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 166 3 abundantly abundantly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 166 4 present present JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 166 5 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 166 6 patients patient NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 166 7 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 166 8 gingivitis gingivitis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 2 Haffajee Haffajee NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 3 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 7 1997 1997 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 10 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 11 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 12 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 13 implicated implicate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 14 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 16 immunopathogenic immunopathogenic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 17 role role NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 18 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 19 periodontal periodontal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 167 20 disease disease NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 168 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 168 2 Mahanonda Mahanonda NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 168 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 168 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 168 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 168 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 168 7 1989 1989 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 168 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 168 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 2 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 3 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 4 proposed propose VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 5 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 6 continuous continuous JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 7 swallowing swallowing NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 8 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 9 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 10 bacterium bacterium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 11 leads lead VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 12 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 13 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 14 low low JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 15 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 16 grade grade NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 17 immunological immunological JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 18 response response NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 19 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 20 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 21 induction induction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 22 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 23 oral oral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 24 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 25 tolerance tolerance NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 27 Sosroseno Sosroseno NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 28 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 29 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 30 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 31 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 32 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 169 34 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 170 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 170 2 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 170 3 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 170 4 A. A. NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 170 5 viscosus viscosus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 170 6 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 170 7 chosen choose VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 170 8 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 170 9 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 170 10 three three CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 170 11 reasons reason NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 170 12 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 1 Like like IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 2 many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 3 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 4 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 7 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 8 effective effective JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 9 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 10 cleaving cleave VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 11 many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 12 types type NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 13 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 14 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 15 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 17 had have VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 18 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 19 high high JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 20 specific specific JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 21 activity activity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 22 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 23 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 24 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 26 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 27 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 28 normal normal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 29 commensal commensal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 30 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 31 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 32 oral oral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 33 cavity cavity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 34 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 35 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 36 would would MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 37 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 38 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 39 natural natural JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 40 antibodies antibody NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 41 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 42 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 43 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 44 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 45 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 46 result result NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 47 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 48 oral oral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 49 tolerance tolerance NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 171 50 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 2 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 3 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 4 A. a. NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 5 viscosus viscosus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 6 had have VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 7 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 8 studied study VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 9 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 10 1989 1989 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 11 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 12 Teufel Teufel NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 13 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 14 colleagues colleague NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 15 who who WP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 16 found find VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 17 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 19 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 20 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 21 primarily primarily RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 22 secreted secrete VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 23 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 24 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 25 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 26 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 27 bound bind VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 29 Teufel Teufel NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 30 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 31 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 32 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 33 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 34 1989 1989 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 172 36 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 1 Though though IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 3 had have VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 4 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 5 higher high JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 6 hydrolysis hydrolysis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 7 rate rate NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 8 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 9 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 10 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 11 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 12 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 13 linkage linkage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 16 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 17 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 18 effective effective JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 19 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 20 cleaving cleave VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 21 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 22 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 23 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 24 linkages linkage NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 25 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 26 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 27 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 28 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 29 able able JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 30 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 31 cleave cleave VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 32 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 33 ganglioside ganglioside NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 34 GD1a GD1a NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 35 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 36 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 37 uncommon uncommon JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 38 property property NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 39 among among IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 40 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 41 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 173 42 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 1 Acetylation Acetylation NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 2 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 3 C5,7 C5,7 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 4 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 5 9 9 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 6 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 7 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 8 still still RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 9 allowed allow VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 10 cleavage cleavage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 11 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 12 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 13 4-O 4-o CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 14 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 15 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 16 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 17 GM1 GM1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 18 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 19 Neu5Gc Neu5Gc NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 20 GM3 GM3 NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 21 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 22 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 23 attacked attack VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 24 at at RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 25 all all RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 174 26 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 1 Amphiregulin Amphiregulin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 2 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 3 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 4 84-amino 84-amino CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 5 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 6 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 7 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 8 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 9 discovered discover VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 10 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 11 1988 1988 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 13 Shoyab Shoyab NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 14 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 15 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 16 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 17 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 18 1988 1988 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 20 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 21 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 22 reviewed review VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 23 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 25 Busser Busser NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 26 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 27 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 28 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 29 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 30 2011 2011 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 175 32 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 1 One one CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 2 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 3 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 4 features feature NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 5 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 6 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 7 epidermal epidermal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 8 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 9 growth growth NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 10 factor factor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 12 EGF)-like egf)-like NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 13 domain domain NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 15 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 16 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 17 homologous homologous JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 18 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 19 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 20 members member NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 21 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 22 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 23 EGF EGF NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 24 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 25 like like JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 26 growth growth NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 27 factor factor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 28 family family NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 29 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 30 meaning mean VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 31 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 32 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 33 can can MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 34 bind bind VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 35 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 36 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 37 EGF EGF NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 38 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 39 present present NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 40 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 41 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 42 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 176 43 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 1 Unlike unlike IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 2 many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 3 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 4 members member NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 5 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 7 EGF EGF NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 8 family family NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 10 amphiregulin amphiregulin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 11 binding binding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 12 does do VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 13 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 14 lead lead VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 15 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 16 EGFR EGFR NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 17 degradation degradation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 18 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 19 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 20 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 21 recycling recycling NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 22 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 23 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 24 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 25 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 26 continued continue VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 27 accumulation accumulation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 28 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 29 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 177 30 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 178 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 178 2 Willmarth Willmarth NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 178 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 178 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 178 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 178 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 178 7 2009 2009 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 178 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 178 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 1 At at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 2 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 3 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 4 end end NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 5 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 7 protein protein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 8 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 9 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 10 heparin heparin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 11 - - : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 12 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 13 glycosaminoglycan glycosaminoglycan NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 14 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 15 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 16 domain domain NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 17 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 18 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 19 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 20 involved involve VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 21 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 22 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 23 inhibition inhibition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 24 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 25 transformation transformation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 26 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 27 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 28 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 30 hence hence RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 31 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 32 name name NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 33 amphi amphi NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 34 - - : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 35 regulin regulin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 179 37 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 2 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 3 case case NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 5 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 7 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 8 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 9 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 10 combined combine VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 11 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 12 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 13 GAG gag NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 14 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 15 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 16 portion portion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 17 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 18 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 19 AR AR NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 180 20 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 1 By by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 2 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 3 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 4 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 5 negatively negatively RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 6 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 7 charged charge VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 8 glycosaminoglycans glycosaminoglycan NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 9 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 10 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 11 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 12 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 13 airway airway NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 14 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 15 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 16 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 18 cationic cationic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 19 C C NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 20 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 21 terminal terminal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 22 amphiregulin amphiregulin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 23 tag tag NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 24 anchors anchor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 25 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 26 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 27 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 28 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 29 epithelium epithelium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 30 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 31 improving improve VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 32 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 33 potency potency NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 181 34 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 1 This this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 2 net net JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 3 effect effect NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 5 combining combine VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 7 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 8 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 9 amphiregulin amphiregulin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 10 means mean VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 11 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 12 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 13 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 14 will will MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 15 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 16 targeted target VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 17 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 18 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 19 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 20 lining line VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 21 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 23 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 24 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 25 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 26 without without IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 27 activating activate VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 28 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 29 EGFR EGFR NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 30 pathway pathway NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 182 31 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 1 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 2 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 3 tested test VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 4 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 5 ferret ferret JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 6 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 7 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 8 airway airway NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 9 epithelium epithelium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 10 models model NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 11 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 12 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 13 shown show VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 14 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 15 have have VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 16 activity activity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 17 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 18 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 19 wide wide JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 20 range range NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 21 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 22 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 23 A a NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 24 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 25 B b NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 183 26 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 184 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 184 2 Malakhov Malakhov NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 184 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 184 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 184 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 184 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 184 7 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 184 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 184 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 1 Compared compare VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 2 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 3 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 4 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 6 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 7 had have VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 8 higher high JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 9 activity activity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 10 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 11 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 12 stable stable JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 13 over over IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 14 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 15 wide wide JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 16 range range NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 17 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 18 pH ph NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 19 values value NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 20 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 21 would would MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 22 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 23 present present JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 24 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 25 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 26 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 27 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 185 28 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 1 After after IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 2 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 3 single single JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 4 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 6 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 7 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 8 effective effective JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 9 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 10 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 11 MDCK MDCK NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 12 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 13 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 14 2 2 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 15 days day NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 16 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 17 recovery recovery NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 18 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 19 80 80 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 20 % % NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 21 after after IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 22 4 4 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 23 days day NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 24 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 25 however however RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 26 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 27 later later JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 28 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 29 regimens regimen NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 30 adopted adopt VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 31 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 32 daily daily JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 33 dosing dosing NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 34 schedule schedule NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 186 35 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 187 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 187 2 amphiregulin amphiregulin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 187 3 attachment attachment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 187 4 increased increase VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 187 5 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 187 6 potency potency NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 187 7 5 5 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 187 8 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 187 9 30-fold 30-fold CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 188 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 188 2 Malakhov Malakhov NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 188 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 188 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 188 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 188 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 188 7 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 188 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 188 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 1 There there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 2 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 3 no no DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 4 appreciable appreciable JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 5 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 6 toxicity toxicity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 7 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 8 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 9 number number NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 10 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 11 established establish VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 12 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 13 lines line NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 15 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 16 no no DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 17 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 18 production production NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 19 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 20 interferon interferon NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 21 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 22 TNFa TNFa NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 23 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 24 seen see VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 25 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 26 indicating indicate VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 27 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 28 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 29 amphiregulin amphiregulin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 30 tag tag NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 31 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 32 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 33 detrimental detrimental JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 34 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 35 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 36 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 37 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 189 38 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 190 1 Inhalation inhalation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 190 2 toxicity toxicity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 190 3 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 190 4 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 190 5 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 190 6 Sprague Sprague NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 190 7 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 190 8 Dawley Dawley NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 190 9 rats rat NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 190 10 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 1 Repeated repeat VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 2 daily daily JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 3 exposures exposure NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 5 inhaled inhale VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 6 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 7 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 8 28 28 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 9 days day NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 10 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 11 achieved achieve VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 12 doses dose NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 13 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 14 up up IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 15 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 16 3.00 3.00 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 17 mg mg NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 18 / / SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 19 kg kg NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 20 / / SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 21 day day NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 22 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 23 well well RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 24 tolerated tolerate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 25 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 26 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 27 clinical clinical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 28 signs sign NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 29 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 30 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 31 affected affect VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 32 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 33 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 34 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 35 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 191 36 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 1 Minimal minimal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 2 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 3 significant significant JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 4 decreases decrease NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 5 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 6 red red JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 7 blood blood NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 8 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 10 haematocrit haematocrit NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 11 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 12 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 13 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 14 identified identify VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 16 together together RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 17 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 18 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 19 increased increase VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 20 reticulocyte reticulocyte NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 21 count count NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 22 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 23 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 24 keeping keep VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 25 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 26 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 27 mild mild JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 28 anemia anemia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 29 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 30 systemic systemic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 31 absorption absorption NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 32 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 33 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 34 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 35 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 36 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 37 estimated estimate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 38 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 39 2 2 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 192 40 % % NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 193 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 193 2 Larson Larson NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 193 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 193 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 193 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 193 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 193 7 2011 2011 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 193 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 193 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 2 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 3 study study NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 4 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 5 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 6 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 7 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 8 3-fold 3-fold CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 9 increase increase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 10 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 11 alkaline alkaline JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 12 phosphatase phosphatase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 14 ALP ALP NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 16 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 18 liver liver NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 19 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 20 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 21 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 22 attributed attribute VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 23 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 24 diminished diminished JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 25 clearance clearance NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 26 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 27 owing owe VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 28 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 29 competition competition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 30 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 31 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 32 asialoglycoprotein asialoglycoprotein NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 33 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 194 34 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 195 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 195 2 rise rise NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 195 3 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 195 4 ALP ALP NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 195 5 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 195 6 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 195 7 associated associate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 195 8 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 195 9 any any DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 195 10 evidence evidence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 195 11 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 195 12 hepatotoxicity hepatotoxicity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 195 13 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 2 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 3 thought think VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 4 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 5 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 6 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 7 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 8 serum serum NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 9 proteins protein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 10 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 11 lead lead VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 12 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 13 saturation saturation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 14 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 16 asialoglycoprotein asialoglycoprotein NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 17 receptors receptor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 19 ASGR ASGR NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 21 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 22 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 23 liver liver NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 24 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 25 spleen spleen NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 26 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 27 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 28 reduced reduced JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 29 clearance clearance NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 30 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 31 certain certain JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 32 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 33 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 34 including include VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 35 ALP ALP NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 196 36 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 197 1 Further further JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 197 2 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 197 3 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 197 4 done do VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 197 5 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 197 6 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 197 7 airway airway NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 197 8 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 197 9 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 197 10 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 2 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 3 study study NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 4 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 5 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 6 90 90 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 7 % % NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 8 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 9 effect effect NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 10 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 11 seen see VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 12 after after IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 13 15 15 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 14 min min NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 16 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 18 presence presence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 19 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 20 mucus mucus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 21 did do VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 22 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 23 interfere interfere VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 24 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 25 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 28 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 29 2 2 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 198 31 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 1 Similar similar JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 2 changes change NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 3 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 4 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 5 seen see VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 6 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 7 freshly freshly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 8 isolated isolate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 9 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 10 bronchial bronchial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 11 ex ex FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 12 vivo vivo NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 13 cultures culture NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 199 14 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 2 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 3 HAE HAE NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 4 model model NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 6 re re NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 7 - - NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 8 sialylation sialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 9 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 10 achieved achieve VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 11 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 12 10 10 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 13 days day NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 15 whereas whereas IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 16 without without IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 18 amphiregulin amphiregulin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 19 tag tag NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 20 re re NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 21 - - NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 22 sialylation sialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 23 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 24 much much RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 25 faster fast JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 200 26 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 1 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 2 24 24 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 3 h h NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 4 postexposure postexposure NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 5 regimen regimen NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 6 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 7 produced produce VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 8 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 9 reduction reduction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 10 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 11 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 12 titre titre NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 13 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 14 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 15 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 16 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 17 thus thus RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 18 demonstrating demonstrate VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 19 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 20 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 21 could could MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 22 have have VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 23 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 24 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 25 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 26 well well RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 27 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 28 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 29 prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 30 role role NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 201 31 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 1 This this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 2 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 3 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 5 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 6 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 7 animal animal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 8 model model NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 10 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 11 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 12 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 13 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 14 48 48 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 15 h h NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 16 postinfection postinfection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 17 reduced reduce VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 18 mortality mortality NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 19 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 20 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 21 load load NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 22 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 23 mice mouse NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 24 infected infect VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 25 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 26 A A NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 27 / / SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 28 PR8/34(H1N1 PR8/34(H1N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 30 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 31 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 32 / / SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 33 Victoria/3/75(H3N2 victoria/3/75(h3n2 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 202 35 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 1 Additional additional JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 2 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 3 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 4 done do VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 5 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 6 lung lung NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 7 ex ex NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 8 - - NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 9 vivo vivo JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 10 infections infection NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 11 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 12 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 13 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 14 H1N1pdm H1N1pdm NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 15 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 17 Triana Triana NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 18 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 19 Baltzer Baltzer NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 20 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 21 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 22 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 23 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 24 2009 2009 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 26 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 27 showing show VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 28 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 29 similar similar JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 30 reduction reduction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 31 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 32 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 33 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 34 without without IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 35 toxicity toxicity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 203 36 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 1 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 2 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 3 formulated formulate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 4 into into IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 5 dry dry JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 6 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 7 powder powder NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 8 microparticles microparticle NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 9 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 10 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 11 diameter diameter NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 12 ranging range VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 13 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 14 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 15 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 16 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 17 lm lm XX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 18 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 19 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 20 proprietary proprietary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 21 Temperaturecontrolled Temperaturecontrolled NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 22 organic organic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 23 solvent solvent NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 24 assisted assist VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 25 precipitation precipitation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 27 TOSAP TOSAP NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 29 technology technology NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 30 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 31 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 32 drug drug NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 33 deposition deposition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 34 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 35 tested test VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 36 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 37 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 38 cast cast NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 39 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 40 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 41 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 42 airway airway NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 204 43 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 1 As as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 2 expected expect VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 3 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 4 smaller small JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 5 particles particle NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 7 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 8 lm lm NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 10 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 11 associated associate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 12 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 13 increased increase VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 14 deposition deposition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 15 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 16 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 17 deep deep JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 18 lungs lung NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 20 43 43 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 21 % % NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 23 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 24 higher high JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 25 systemic systemic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 26 exposure exposure NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 27 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 28 compared compare VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 29 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 30 8.6 8.6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 31 % % NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 32 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 33 10 10 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 34 lm lm NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 35 particles particle NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 205 36 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 1 Using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 2 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 3 same same JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 4 airway airway NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 5 model model NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 7 Relenza Relenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 8 Ò Ò NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 9 had have VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 10 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 11 13.2 13.2 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 12 % % NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 13 deposition deposition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 14 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 16 distal distal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 17 bronchi bronchi NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 18 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 19 lungs lung NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 21 data datum NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 22 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 23 Company Company NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 24 file file NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 206 26 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 2 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 3 Phase Phase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 4 2A 2a CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 5 trial trial NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 7 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 8 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 9 lm lm NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 10 size size NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 11 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 12 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 14 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 15 current current JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 16 Phase phase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 17 2B 2b CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 18 clinical clinical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 19 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 20 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 21 comparing compare VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 22 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 23 lm lm NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 24 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 25 10 10 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 26 lm lm NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 27 particles particle NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 207 28 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 1 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 2 single single JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 3 Phase Phase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 4 II II NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 5 study study NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 6 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 7 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 8 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 9 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 10 completed complete VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 11 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 12 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 13 comprised comprise VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 14 177 177 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 15 participants participant NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 16 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 17 PCR PCR NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 18 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 19 confirmed confirm VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 20 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 208 21 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 2 inclusion inclusion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 3 criteria criterion NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 4 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 5 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 6 male male JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 7 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 8 female female JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 9 participants participant NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 10 age age NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 11 18 18 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 12 - - SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 13 70 70 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 14 who who WP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 15 gave give VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 16 informed informed JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 17 consent consent NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 18 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 19 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 20 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 21 generally generally RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 22 good good JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 23 health health NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 24 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 25 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 26 febrile febrile JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 27 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 28 oral oral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 29 temperature temperature NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 30 > > XX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 31 37.8 37.8 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 32 ° ° NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 33 C c NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 34 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 35 reported report VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 36 temperature temperature NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 37 > > XX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 38 37.8 37.8 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 39 ° ° NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 40 C c NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 41 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 42 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 43 had have VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 44 felt feel VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 45 ' ' `` cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 46 ' ' `` cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 47 feverish feverish JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 48 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 209 49 ' ' '' cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 1 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 2 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 3 past past JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 4 24 24 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 5 h h NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 7 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 8 who who WP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 9 had have VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 10 one one CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 11 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 12 more more JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 13 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 15 cough cough NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 16 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 17 sore sore JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 18 throat throat NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 19 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 20 nasal nasal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 21 symptoms symptom NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 23 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 24 constitutional constitutional JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 25 symptoms symptom NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 27 headache headache NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 28 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 29 myalgia myalgia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 30 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 31 sweat sweat NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 32 / / SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 33 chills chill NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 34 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 35 prostration prostration NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 210 37 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 1 There there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 2 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 3 two two CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 4 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 5 arms arm NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 6 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 7 one one CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 8 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 9 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 10 single single JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 11 dose dose NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 12 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 13 10 10 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 14 mg mg NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 16 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 18 second second JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 19 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 20 10 10 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 21 mg mg NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 22 / / SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 23 day day NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 24 over over IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 25 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 26 days day NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 211 27 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 2 mean mean JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 3 age age NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 5 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 6 patients patient NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 7 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 8 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 9 multiple multiple JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 10 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 11 dose dose NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 12 arm arm NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 13 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 14 31.7 31.7 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 15 years year NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 16 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 17 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 18 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 19 single single JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 20 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 21 dose dose NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 22 arm arm NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 23 32.2 32.2 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 24 years year NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 25 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 26 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 27 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 28 placebo placebo NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 29 arm arm NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 30 33 33 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 31 years year NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 32 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 33 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 34 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 35 slight slight JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 36 female female JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 37 predominance predominance NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 38 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 39 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 40 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 41 arms arm NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 212 42 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 1 Thirty thirty CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 2 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 3 seven seven CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 4 percent percent NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 5 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 7 participants participant NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 8 had have VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 9 confirmed confirm VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 10 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 11 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 12 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 13 B b NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 15 33 33 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 16 % % NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 17 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 18 seasonal seasonal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 19 H3N2 H3N2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 20 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 21 29 29 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 22 % % NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 23 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 24 H1N1pdm H1N1pdm NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 213 25 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 1 No no DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 2 H274Y H274Y NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 3 mutations mutation NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 4 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 5 identified identify VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 6 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 7 would would MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 8 confirm confirm VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 9 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 10 oseltamivir oseltamivir NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 11 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 12 resistant resistant JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 13 phenotype phenotype NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 14 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 16 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 17 subtype subtype NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 18 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 19 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 20 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 214 21 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 2 trial trial NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 3 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 4 conducted conduct VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 5 over over IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 6 many many JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 7 geographical geographical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 8 areas area NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 10 thus thus RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 11 allowing allow VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 12 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 13 evaluation evaluation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 14 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 15 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 16 broad broad JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 17 range range NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 18 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 19 commonly commonly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 20 circulating circulate VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 21 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 22 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 215 23 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 2 study study NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 3 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 4 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 5 significant significant JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 6 reduction reduction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 7 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 8 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 9 load load NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 10 over over IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 11 5 5 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 12 days day NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 14 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 16 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 17 day day NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 18 dosing dosing NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 19 group group NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 20 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 21 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 22 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 23 significantly significantly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 24 shorter short JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 25 time time NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 26 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 27 sustained sustained JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 28 decrease decrease NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 29 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 30 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 31 shedding shedding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 32 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 33 this this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 34 group group NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 35 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 36 compared compare VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 37 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 38 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 39 placebo placebo NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 40 group group NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 216 41 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 2 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 3 day day NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 4 dose dose NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 5 schedule schedule NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 6 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 7 more more RBR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 8 effective effective JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 9 than than IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 10 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 11 single single JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 12 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 13 day day NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 14 dose dose NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 15 regimen regimen NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 16 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 17 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 18 no no DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 19 change change NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 20 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 21 flu flu NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 22 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 23 like like JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 24 symptoms symptom NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 25 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 26 seen see VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 27 between between IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 28 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 29 control control NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 30 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 31 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 32 groups group NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 217 33 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 1 However however RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 2 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 3 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 4 study study NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 5 lacked lack VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 6 statistical statistical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 7 power power NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 8 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 9 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 10 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 11 designed design VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 12 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 13 assess assess VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 14 clinical clinical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 15 differences difference NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 16 among among IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 18 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 19 groups group NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 218 20 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 1 There there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 2 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 3 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 4 low low JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 5 incidence incidence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 6 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 7 serious serious JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 8 adverse adverse JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 9 events event NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 10 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 11 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 12 only only RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 13 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 14 mild mild JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 15 increase increase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 16 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 17 serum serum NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 18 ALP ALP NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 19 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 20 possibly possibly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 21 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 22 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 23 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 24 mediated mediate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 25 effect effect NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 219 26 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 1 There there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 2 did do VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 3 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 4 appear appear VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 5 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 6 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 7 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 8 reported report VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 9 increase increase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 10 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 11 secondary secondary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 12 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 13 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 220 14 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 1 There there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 2 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 3 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 4 number number NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 5 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 6 potential potential JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 7 concerns concern NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 8 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 9 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 10 therapy therapy NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 11 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 12 including include VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 13 systemic systemic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 14 dissemination dissemination NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 15 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 16 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 17 drug drug NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 18 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 19 development development NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 20 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 21 antibodies antibody NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 22 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 23 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 24 role role NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 25 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 26 secondary secondary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 27 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 28 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 221 29 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 2 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 3 mentioned mention VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 4 earlier early RBR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 5 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 6 A. a. NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 7 viscosus viscosus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 8 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 9 chosen choose VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 10 because because IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 12 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 13 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 14 natural natural JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 15 commensal commensal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 16 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 18 oral oral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 19 cavity cavity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 20 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 21 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 22 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 23 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 24 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 25 no no DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 26 reported report VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 27 changes change NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 28 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 29 immunity immunity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 30 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 31 exposure exposure NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 32 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 33 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 222 34 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 1 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 2 mild mild JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 3 increase increase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 4 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 5 ALP ALP NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 6 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 7 seen see VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 8 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 9 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 10 Phase Phase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 11 II II NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 12 study study NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 14 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 15 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 16 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 17 due due JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 18 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 19 systemic systemic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 20 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 21 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 22 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 23 no no DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 24 changes change NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 25 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 26 hematological hematological JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 27 parameters parameter NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 28 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 29 identified identify VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 223 30 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 2 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 3 mentioned mention VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 4 previously previously RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 5 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 6 patients patient NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 7 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 8 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 9 had have VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 10 increased increase VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 11 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 12 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 13 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 14 Pneumococcus Pneumococcus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 16 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 17 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 18 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 19 concerns concern NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 20 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 21 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 22 same same JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 23 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 24 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 25 found find VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 26 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 27 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 28 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 30 Zhang Zhang NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 31 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 32 2008 2008 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 224 34 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 2 interaction interaction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 3 between between IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 4 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 5 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 6 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 7 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 8 secondary secondary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 9 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 10 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 11 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 12 complex complex JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 13 one one NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 14 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 15 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 16 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 17 investigated investigate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 18 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 19 McCullers McCullers NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 20 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 21 others other NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 23 Grijalva Grijalva NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 24 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 25 Griffin Griffin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 26 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 27 2012 2012 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 28 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 29 Iverson Iverson NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 30 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 31 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 32 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 33 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 34 2011 2011 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 35 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 36 Karlstrom Karlstrom NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 37 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 38 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 39 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 40 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 41 2011 2011 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 225 43 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 1 Since since IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 2 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 3 1918 1918 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 4 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 5 pandemic pandemic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 7 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 8 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 9 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 10 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 11 association association NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 12 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 13 increased increase VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 14 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 15 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 16 following follow VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 17 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 18 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 226 19 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 2 recent recent JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 3 2009 2009 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 4 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 5 pandemic pandemic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 6 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 7 associated associate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 8 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 9 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 10 increase increase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 11 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 12 invasive invasive JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 13 pneumococcal pneumococcal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 227 14 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 2 Nelson Nelson NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 7 2012 2012 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 10 suggesting suggest VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 11 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 12 pneumococcal pneumococcal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 13 vaccination vaccination NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 14 should should MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 15 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 16 included include VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 17 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 18 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 19 vaccine vaccine NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 20 strategy strategy NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 21 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 22 future future JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 23 pandemics pandemic NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 228 24 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 2 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 3 vaccination vaccination NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 4 strategies strategy NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 5 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 6 pneumococcal pneumococcal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 7 vaccination vaccination NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 8 reduced reduce VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 9 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 10 incidence incidence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 11 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 12 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 13 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 14 associated associate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 15 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 229 16 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 1 However however RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 2 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 3 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 4 link link NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 5 between between IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 6 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 7 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 8 pneumococcal pneumococcal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 9 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 10 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 11 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 12 complicated complicate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 13 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 14 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 15 finding finding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 16 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 17 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 18 all all DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 19 pneumococcal pneumococcal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 20 serotypes serotype NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 21 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 22 associated associate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 23 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 24 secondary secondary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 25 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 26 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 27 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 28 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 29 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 30 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 31 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 32 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 33 select select VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 34 out out RP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 35 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 36 favor favor VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 37 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 38 growth growth NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 39 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 40 particular particular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 41 serotypes serotype NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 43 McCullers McCullers NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 44 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 45 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 46 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 47 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 48 2010 2010 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 230 50 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 2 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 3 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 4 proposed propose VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 5 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 7 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 8 produced produce VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 9 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 10 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 11 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 12 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 13 exposes expose VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 14 receptors receptor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 15 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 16 allow allow VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 17 increased increase VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 18 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 19 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 20 pneumococci pneumococcus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 21 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 22 followed follow VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 23 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 24 invasion invasion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 231 25 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 1 As as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 3 pointed point VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 4 out out RP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 5 previously previously RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 7 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 8 clear clear JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 9 distinction distinction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 10 needs need VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 11 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 12 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 13 made make VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 14 between between IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 15 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 16 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 17 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 18 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 19 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 20 that that DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 21 induced induce VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 22 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 23 topical topical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 232 24 therapy therapy NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 233 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 233 2 Nicholls Nicholls NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 233 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 233 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 233 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 233 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 233 7 2008 2008 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 233 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 233 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 2 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 3 therefore therefore RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 4 important important JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 5 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 6 study study VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 7 whether whether IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 8 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 9 therapy therapy NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 10 will will MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 11 lead lead VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 12 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 13 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 14 increased increase VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 15 risk risk NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 16 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 17 secondary secondary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 18 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 234 19 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 1 Studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 2 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 3 Hedlund Hedlund NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 4 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 5 colleagues colleague NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 6 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 7 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 8 showed show VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 9 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 10 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 11 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 12 contrast contrast NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 13 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 14 expectations expectation NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 16 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 17 appeared appear VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 18 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 19 protect protect VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 20 mice mouse NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 21 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 22 secondary secondary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 23 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 24 colonization colonization NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 235 25 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 1 Also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 2 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 3 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 4 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 5 study study NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 6 previously previously RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 7 cited cite VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 8 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 9 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 10 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 11 no no DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 12 evidence evidence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 13 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 14 increased increase VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 15 adherence adherence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 16 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 17 pneumococci pneumococci NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 18 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 19 desialylated desialylated JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 20 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 21 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 22 specimens specimen NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 24 Nicholls Nicholls NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 25 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 26 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 27 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 28 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 29 2008 2008 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 236 31 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 2 contrast contrast NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 3 between between IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 4 changes change NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 5 induced induce VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 6 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 7 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 8 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 9 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 10 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 11 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 12 topical topical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 13 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 14 can can MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 15 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 16 explained explain VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 17 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 18 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 19 different different JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 20 pathologies pathology NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 21 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 22 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 23 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 24 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 25 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 26 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 27 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 28 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 29 causes cause VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 30 necrosis necrosis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 31 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 32 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 33 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 34 while while IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 35 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 36 changes change NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 37 induced induce VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 38 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 39 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 40 sialidase sialidase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 41 consist consist VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 42 only only RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 43 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 44 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 237 45 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 2 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 3 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 4 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 6 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 7 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 8 acute acute JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 9 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 10 denudation denudation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 11 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 12 exposure exposure NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 13 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 14 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 15 basement basement NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 16 membrane membrane NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 17 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 18 allowing allow VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 19 adherence adherence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 20 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 21 S. S. NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 22 pneumoniae pneumoniae NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 238 23 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 1 With with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 2 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 3 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 4 alone alone RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 6 because because IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 7 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 8 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 9 no no DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 10 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 11 cytotoxicity cytotoxicity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 12 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 13 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 14 loss loss NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 16 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 17 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 18 no no DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 19 increased increase VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 20 adherence adherence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 21 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 22 pneumococi pneumococi NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 239 23 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 1 As as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 2 detailed detailed JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 3 earlier early RBR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 4 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 5 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 6 Phase Phase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 7 II II NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 8 clinical clinical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 9 study study NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 10 did do VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 11 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 12 document document VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 13 any any DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 14 increase increase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 15 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 16 pneumococcal pneumococcal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 17 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 240 18 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 1 Even even RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 2 though though IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 3 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 4 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 5 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 6 one one CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 7 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 8 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 9 leading lead VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 10 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 11 causing cause VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 12 acute acute JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 13 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 14 illness illness NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 16 infections infection NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 17 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 18 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 19 virus virus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 20 1 1 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 21 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 22 2 2 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 23 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 24 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 25 make make VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 26 up up RP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 27 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 28 significant significant JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 29 proportion proportion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 30 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 31 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 32 causative causative JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 33 agents agent NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 34 isolated isolate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 35 during during IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 36 these these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 37 illnesses illness NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 38 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 39 especially especially RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 40 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 41 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 42 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 43 population population NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 241 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 242 1 Weigl Weigl NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 242 2 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 242 3 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 242 4 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 242 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 242 6 2007 2007 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 242 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 242 8 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 1 Although although IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 2 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 3 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 4 typically typically RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 5 cause cause VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 6 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 7 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 8 bronchiolitis bronchiolitis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 10 they -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 11 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 12 increasingly increasingly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 13 recognized recognize VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 14 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 15 agents agent NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 16 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 17 lower low JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 18 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 19 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 20 disease disease NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 21 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 22 where where WRB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 23 they -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 24 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 25 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 26 similar similar JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 27 clinical clinical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 28 presentation presentation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 29 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 30 infections infection NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 31 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 32 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 33 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 34 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 243 35 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 1 Parainfluenza Parainfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 2 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 3 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 5 increasing increase VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 6 concern concern NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 7 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 8 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 9 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 10 immunocompromised immunocompromised JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 11 populations population NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 12 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 13 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 14 which which WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 16 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 17 cause cause VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 18 severe severe JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 20 disease disease NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 244 21 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 1 PIV1 PIV1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 2 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 3 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 4 resemble resemble VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 5 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 6 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 7 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 8 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 9 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 10 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 11 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 12 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 14 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 15 binding binding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 16 differs differ NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 17 among among IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 18 strains strain NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 20 Villar Villar NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 21 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 22 Barroso Barroso NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 23 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 24 2006 2006 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 245 26 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 1 Use use NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 2 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 3 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 4 sialylated sialylate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 5 microarray microarray NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 6 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 7 recently recently RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 8 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 9 that that IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 10 hPIV1 hpiv1 PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 11 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 12 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 13 narrowest narrow JJS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 14 specificity specificity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 15 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 16 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 17 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 18 Neu5Ac Neu5Ac NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 19 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 20 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 21 stronger strong JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 22 binding binding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 23 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 24 Neu5Gc Neu5Gc NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 25 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 26 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 27 methylated methylated JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 28 derivative derivative NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 246 29 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 247 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 247 2 contrast contrast NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 247 3 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 247 4 hPIV2 hPIV2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 247 5 showed show VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 247 6 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 247 7 broader broad JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 247 8 range range NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 247 9 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 247 10 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 247 11 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 247 12 Neu5Ac Neu5Ac NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 1 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 2 Neu5Gc Neu5Gc NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 3 derivatives derivative NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 4 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 5 while while IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 6 hPIV3 hPIV3 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 7 showed show VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 8 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 9 similar similar JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 10 range range NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 11 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 12 binding binding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 14 but but CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 15 at at IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 16 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 17 much much RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 18 lower low JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 19 magnitude magnitude NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 20 than than IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 21 hPIV2 hpiv2 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 248 22 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 1 All all DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 2 three three CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 3 strains strain NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 4 preferentially preferentially RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 5 bound bind VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 6 glycans glycan NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 7 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 8 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 9 a2 a2 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 10 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 11 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 12 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 13 rather rather RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 14 than than IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 15 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 16 a2 a2 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 17 - - SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 18 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 19 linkage linkage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 21 Song Song NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 22 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 23 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 24 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 25 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 26 2011 2011 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 249 28 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 2 mechanism mechanism NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 4 binding binding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 5 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 6 release release NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 7 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 8 PIV PIV NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 9 differs differ VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 10 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 11 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 12 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 13 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 14 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 16 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 17 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 18 different different JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 19 replication replication NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 20 pathway pathway NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 21 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 22 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 23 thus thus RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 24 may may MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 25 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 26 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 27 amenable amenable JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 28 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 29 standard standard JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 30 anti anti JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 31 - - JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 32 influenza influenza JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 33 therapy therapy NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 250 34 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 1 Thus thus RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 2 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 3 although although IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 4 zanamivir zanamivir NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 5 inhibited inhibit VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 6 PIV PIV NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 7 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 8 activity activity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 11 did do VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 12 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 13 prevent prevent VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 14 release release NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 15 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 16 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 17 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 18 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 19 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 21 Moscona Moscona NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 22 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 23 2005 2005 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 251 24 ; ; : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 252 1 Porotto Porotto NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 252 2 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 252 3 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 252 4 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 252 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 252 6 2001 2001 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 252 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 252 8 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 1 As as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 2 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 3 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 4 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 5 use use VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 6 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 7 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 8 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 9 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 10 a2 a2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 11 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 12 6 6 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 13 bound bind VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 14 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 15 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 16 attachment attachment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 17 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 18 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 19 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 20 these these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 21 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 22 could could MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 23 be be VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 24 amenable amenable JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 25 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 26 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 27 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 253 28 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 1 Even even RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 2 though though IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 3 most most JJS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 4 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 5 utilizing utilize VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 6 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 7 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 8 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 9 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 10 A a NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 11 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 12 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 13 target target NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 16 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 17 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 18 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 19 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 20 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 21 patients patient NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 22 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 23 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 254 24 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 2 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 3 experimental experimental JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 4 setting setting NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 6 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 7 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 8 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 9 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 10 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 11 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 12 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 13 permissive permissive JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 14 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 15 lines line NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 16 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 17 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 18 infected infected JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 19 cotton cotton NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 20 rats rat NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 21 led lead VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 22 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 23 effective effective JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 24 desialylation desialylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 25 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 26 reduced reduce VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 255 27 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 256 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 256 2 Moscona Moscona NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 256 3 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 256 4 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 256 5 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 256 6 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 256 7 2010 2010 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 256 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 256 9 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 1 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 2 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 3 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 4 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 5 used use VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 6 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 7 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 8 compassionate compassionate JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 9 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 10 emergency emergency NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 11 basis basis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 12 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 13 immunocompromised immunocompromised JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 14 patients patient NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 15 infected infect VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 16 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 17 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 18 virus virus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 19 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 20 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 21 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 22 beneficial beneficial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 23 effect effect NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 257 24 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 2 first first JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 3 case case NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 4 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 5 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 6 63 63 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 7 year year NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 8 old old JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 9 female female JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 10 stem stem NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 11 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 12 transplant transplant NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 13 recipient recipient NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 14 who who WP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 15 developed develop VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 16 nasal nasal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 17 congestion congestion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 18 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 19 cough cough NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 20 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 21 followed follow VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 22 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 23 clinical clinical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 24 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 25 radiological radiological JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 26 features feature NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 27 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 28 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 29 bronchiolitis bronchiolitis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 30 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 31 worsening worsen VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 32 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 33 function function NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 258 34 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 1 She -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 2 received receive VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 3 three three CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 4 daily daily JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 5 inhaled inhale VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 6 administrations administration NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 7 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 8 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 9 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 10 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 11 dry dry JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 12 powder powder NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 13 inhaler inhaler NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 14 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 15 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 16 showed show VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 17 improvement improvement NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 18 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 19 clinical clinical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 20 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 21 radiological radiological JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 22 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 23 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 24 function function NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 25 parameters parameter NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 26 after after IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 27 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 259 28 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 1 PIV3 PIV3 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 2 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 3 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 4 confirmed confirm VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 6 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 7 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 8 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 9 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 10 reduction reduction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 11 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 12 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 13 load load NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 14 after after IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 15 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 260 16 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 2 another another DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 3 report report NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 4 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 5 two two CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 6 immunocompromised immunocompromised JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 7 lung lung NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 8 or or CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 9 stem stem NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 10 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 11 transplant transplant NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 12 recipients recipient NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 13 who who WP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 14 developed develop VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 15 PIV3 PIV3 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 16 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 17 were be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 18 successfully successfully RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 19 treated treat VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 20 after after IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 21 developing develop VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 22 lower low JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 23 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 24 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 25 disease disease NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 261 26 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 1 In in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 2 these these DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 3 cases case NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 4 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 5 there there EX cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 6 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 7 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 8 5 5 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 9 day day NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 10 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 11 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 12 improvement improvement NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 13 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 14 clinical clinical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 15 symptoms symptom NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 16 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 17 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 18 function function NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 19 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 20 though though IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 21 changes change NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 22 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 23 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 24 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 25 load load NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 26 did do VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 27 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 28 match match VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 29 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 30 clinical clinical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 31 findings finding NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 33 Guzman Guzman NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 34 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 35 Suarez Suarez NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 36 et et NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 37 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 38 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 39 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 40 2012 2012 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 262 42 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 1 However however RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 2 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 3 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 4 more more RBR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 5 recent recent JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 6 case case NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 7 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 8 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 9 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 10 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 11 PIV3 PIV3 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 12 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 13 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 14 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 15 lung lung NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 16 transplant transplant NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 17 patient patient NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 18 was be VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 19 associated associate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 20 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 21 both both DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 22 clinical clinical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 23 improvement improvement NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 24 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 25 reduction reduction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 26 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 27 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 28 load load NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 30 Drozd Drozd NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 31 et et FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 32 al al NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 33 . . NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 34 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 35 2012 2012 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 263 37 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 1 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 2 novel novel JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 3 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 4 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 5 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 6 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 8 has have VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 9 been be VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 10 developed develop VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 11 over over IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 12 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 13 past past JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 14 six six CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 15 years year NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 16 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 17 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 18 vitro vitro FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 19 testing testing NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 20 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 21 Phase Phase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 22 II II NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 23 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 24 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 25 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 26 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 27 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 264 28 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 1 This this DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 2 agent agent NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 3 shows show VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 4 promise promise NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 5 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 7 repertoire repertoire NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 8 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 9 antivirals antiviral NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 10 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 11 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 12 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 13 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 15 should should MD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 16 also also RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 17 show show VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 18 potential potential JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 19 benefit benefit NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 20 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 21 other other JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 23 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 24 that that WDT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 25 use use VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 26 Sia Sia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 27 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 28 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 29 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 30 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 31 such such JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 32 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 33 severe severe JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 34 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 35 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 36 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 265 37 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 266 1 Red red JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 266 2 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 266 3 bound bind VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 266 4 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 266 5 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 266 6 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 1 N9 N9 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 2 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 3 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 4 not not RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 5 released release VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 6 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 7 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 8 N9 N9 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 9 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 10 activity activity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 11 Docking Docking NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 12 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 13 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 14 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 15 analogues analogue NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 16 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 17 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 18 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 19 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 20 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 21 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 22 correlational correlational JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 23 study study NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 24 between between IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 25 experimentally experimentally RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 26 measured measure VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 27 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 28 computationally computationally RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 29 estimated estimate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 30 affinities affinity NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 31 Site site NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 32 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 33 directed direct VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 34 fragment fragment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 35 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 36 based base VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 37 generation generation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 38 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 39 virtual virtual JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 40 sialic sialic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 41 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 42 databases database NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 43 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 44 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 45 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 46 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 47 Characterization characterization NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 48 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 49 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 50 carbohydrate carbohydrate NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 51 epitope epitope NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 52 defined define VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 53 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 54 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 55 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 56 antibody antibody NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 57 H185 h185 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 58 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 59 sialic sialic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 60 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 61 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 62 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 63 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 64 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 65 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 66 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 67 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 68 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 267 69 mucins mucin NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 268 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 268 2 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 268 3 Cas1 Cas1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 268 4 protein protein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 268 5 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 268 6 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 268 7 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 268 8 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 268 9 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 268 10 specific specific JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 268 11 Oacetyltransferase Oacetyltransferase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 268 12 ? ? . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 2 effect effect NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 4 glycosylation glycosylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 5 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 7 folding fold VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 8 kinetics kinetic NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 9 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 10 erythropoietin erythropoietin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 11 Role role NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 12 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 13 gangliosides ganglioside NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 14 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 15 reception reception NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 16 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 17 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 18 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 19 Senescent Senescent NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 20 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 21 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 22 factors factor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 23 affecting affect VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 24 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 25 aging aging NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 26 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 27 red red JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 28 blood blood NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 29 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 30 Molecular molecular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 31 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 32 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 33 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 34 acid acid JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 35 analogues analogue NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 36 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 37 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 38 interaction interaction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 39 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 40 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 41 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 42 Human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 43 rhinovirus rhinovirus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 44 87 87 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 45 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 46 enterovirus enterovirus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 47 68 68 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 48 represent represent VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 49 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 50 unique unique JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 51 serotype serotype NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 52 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 53 rhinovirus rhinovirus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 54 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 55 enterovirus enterovirus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 56 features feature VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 57 Cellular cellular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 58 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 59 molecular molecular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 60 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 61 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 62 senescent senescent JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 63 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 64 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 65 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 66 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 269 67 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 1 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 2 review review NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 3 Deaths death NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 4 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 5 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 6 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 7 during during IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 8 1918 1918 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 9 - - SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 10 19 19 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 11 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 12 pandemic pandemic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 13 Diversity diversity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 14 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 16 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 17 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 18 membrane membrane NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 19 sialic sialic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 20 acids acid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 21 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 22 relation relation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 23 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 24 blood blood NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 270 25 groups group NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 2 multiple multiple JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 3 roles role NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 5 amphiregulin amphiregulin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 6 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 7 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 8 cancer cancer NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 9 Sialidase Sialidase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 10 substrate substrate NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 11 specificity specificity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 12 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 13 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 14 chemoenzymatically chemoenzymatically RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 15 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 16 sialosides sialoside NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 17 containing contain VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 271 18 C5-modified c5-modifie VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 1 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 2 acids acid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 3 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 4 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 5 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 6 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 7 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 8 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 9 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 10 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 11 lung lung NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 12 tissues tissue VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 13 Advances advance NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 14 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 16 biology biology NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 17 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 18 chemistry chemistry NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 19 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 20 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 21 acids acid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 22 Treatment Treatment NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 23 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 24 parainfluenza parainfluenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 25 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 26 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 27 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 28 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 29 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 30 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 31 patient patient NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 32 after after IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 33 allogeneic allogeneic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 34 stem stem NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 35 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 272 36 transplantation transplantation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 2 release release NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 4 N n NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 5 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 6 acetyl acetyl NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 7 - - : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 8 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 9 N N NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 10 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 11 glycolloyl glycolloyl NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 12 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 13 neuraminic neuraminic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 14 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 15 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 16 soluble soluble JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 17 complex complex JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 18 carbohydrates carbohydrate NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 19 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 20 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 21 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 22 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 23 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 24 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 25 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 26 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 273 27 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 2 specificity specificity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 4 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 5 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 6 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 7 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 8 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 9 alpha(2 alpha(2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 10 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 11 3)-and 3)-and NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 12 alpha(2 alpha(2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 13 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 14 6)-linked 6)-linked CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 15 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 16 acids acid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 17 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 18 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 19 Metabolism metabolism NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 20 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 21 vertebrate vertebrate JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 22 amino amino NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 23 sugars sugar NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 24 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 25 N n CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 26 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 27 glycolyl glycolyl NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 28 groups group NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 29 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 30 resistance resistance NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 31 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 32 alpha2 alpha2 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 33 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 34 8-linked 8-linked CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 35 N n CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 36 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 37 glycolylneuraminic glycolylneuraminic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 38 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 39 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 40 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 274 41 cleavage cleavage NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 1 DAS181 das181 JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 2 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 4 severe severe JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 5 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 6 type type NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 7 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 8 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 9 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 10 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 11 lung lung NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 12 transplant transplant NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 13 recipient recipient NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 14 On on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 16 relationship relationship NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 17 between between IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 18 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 19 indicator indicator NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 20 profile profile NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 21 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 22 prosthetic prosthetic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 23 group group NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 24 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 25 mucoproteins mucoproteins NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 26 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 275 27 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 276 1 influenza influenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 276 2 virus virus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 276 3 haemagglutinin haemagglutinin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 2 Ashwell Ashwell NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 3 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 4 mitigates mitigate VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 5 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 6 lethal lethal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 7 coagulopathy coagulopathy NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 8 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 9 sepsis sepsis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 10 Effects effect NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 11 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 12 hexose hexose JJS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 13 starvation starvation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 14 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 15 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 16 role role NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 17 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 18 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 19 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 20 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 21 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 22 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 23 release release NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 24 Unveiling unveil VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 25 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 26 burden burden NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 27 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 28 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 29 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 30 associated associate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 31 pneumococcal pneumococcal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 32 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 33 Structural structural JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 34 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 35 functional functional JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 36 studies study NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 37 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 38 Streptococcus Streptococcus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 39 pneumoniae pneumoniae NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 40 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 41 B b NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 42 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 43 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 44 intramolecular intramolecular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 45 trans trans NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 46 - - JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 47 sialidase sialidase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 48 Clinical clinical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 49 potential potential NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 50 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 51 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 52 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 53 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 54 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 55 parainfluenza-3 parainfluenza-3 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 56 infections infection NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 57 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 58 transplant transplant NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 59 recipients recipient NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 60 Clinical clinical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 61 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 62 microbiological microbiological JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 63 features feature NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 64 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 65 subjects subject NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 66 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 67 adult adult NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 68 periodontitis periodontitis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 69 who who WP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 70 responded respond VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 71 poorly poorly RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 72 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 73 scaling scale VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 74 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 75 root root NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 76 planing plane VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 77 4-O 4-o CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 78 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 79 acetyl acetyl NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 80 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 81 N N NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 82 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 83 acetylneuraminic acetylneuraminic NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 84 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 85 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 86 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 87 N n NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 88 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 89 linked link VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 90 carbohydrate carbohydrate NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 91 structures structure NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 92 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 93 equine equine NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 94 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 95 guinea guinea NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 96 pig pig NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 97 alpha alpha NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 98 2-macroglobulins 2-macroglobulins NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 99 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 100 potent potent JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 101 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 102 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 103 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 104 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 277 105 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 278 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 278 2 animal animal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 278 3 sialyltransferases sialyltransferase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 278 4 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 278 5 sialyltransferase sialyltransferase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 278 6 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 278 7 related relate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 278 8 genes gene NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 278 9 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 278 10 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 278 11 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 278 12 approach approach NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 279 1 Sialidasebased sialidasebased JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 279 2 anti anti JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 279 3 - - JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 279 4 influenza influenza JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 279 5 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 279 6 therapy therapy NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 279 7 protects protect VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 279 8 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 279 9 secondary secondary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 279 10 pneumococcal pneumococcal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 279 11 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 2 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 3 sigma1 sigma1 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 4 protein protein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 5 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 6 glycoconjugates glycoconjugates NNPS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 7 containing contain VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 8 alpha2 alpha2 NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 9 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 10 3-linked 3-linked CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 11 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 12 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 13 are be VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 14 involved involve VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 15 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 16 type type NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 17 1 1 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 18 reovirus reovirus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 19 adherence adherence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 20 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 21 M M NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 22 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 23 apical apical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 24 surfaces surface NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 25 Airborne airborne JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 26 transmission transmission NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 27 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 28 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 29 A/ A/ NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 30 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 31 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 32 between between IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 33 ferrets ferret NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 34 Polysialylation Polysialylation NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 35 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 36 NCAM NCAM NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 37 Experimental experimental JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 38 adaptation adaptation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 39 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 40 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 280 41 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 1 H5 H5 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 2 HA HA NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 3 confers confer VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 4 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 5 droplet droplet NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 6 transmission transmission NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 7 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 8 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 9 reassortant reassortant JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 10 H5 H5 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 11 HA HA NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 12 / / SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 13 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 14 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 15 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 16 ferrets ferret NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 17 Influenza Influenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 18 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 19 primes prime VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 20 mice mouse NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 21 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 22 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 23 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 24 Staphylococcus Staphylococcus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 281 25 aureus aureus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 1 Toll toll NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 2 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 3 like like JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 4 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 5 2 2 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 6 mediates mediate VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 7 fatal fatal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 8 immunopathology immunopathology NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 9 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 10 mice mouse NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 11 during during IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 12 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 13 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 14 secondary secondary JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 15 pneumococcal pneumococcal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 16 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 17 following follow VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 18 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 19 Features feature NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 20 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 21 applications application NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 22 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 23 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 24 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 25 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 26 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 27 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 28 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 29 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 30 acids acid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 31 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 32 safety safety NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 33 evaluation evaluation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 34 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 35 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 36 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 37 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 38 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 39 fusion fusion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 40 protein protein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 41 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 42 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 43 rodents rodent NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 44 Sialic Sialic NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 45 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 46 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 47 specific specific JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 48 lectins lectin NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 49 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 50 occurrence occurrence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 51 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 52 specificity specificity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 53 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 54 function function NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 55 Binding Binding NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 56 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 57 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 58 attachment attachment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 59 protein protein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 60 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 61 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 62 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 63 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 64 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 65 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 66 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 67 Achilles Achilles NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 68 heel heel NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 69 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 70 infectious infectious JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 282 71 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 2 recognition recognition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 3 event event NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 4 between between IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 5 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 6 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 7 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 8 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 9 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 10 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 11 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 12 target target NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 13 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 14 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 15 agents agent NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 16 Novel Novel NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 17 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 18 design design NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 19 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 20 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 21 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 22 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 23 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 24 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 25 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 26 core core NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 27 hopping hopping NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 28 method method NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 29 Limit limit NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 30 dilution dilution NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 31 analysis analysis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 32 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 33 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 34 blood blood NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 35 T t NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 36 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 37 specific specific JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 38 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 39 periodontopathic periodontopathic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 40 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 41 Sialidase Sialidase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 42 fusion fusion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 43 protein protein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 44 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 45 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 46 novel novel JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 47 broad broad JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 48 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 49 spectrum spectrum NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 50 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 51 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 52 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 53 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 283 54 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 1 Pneumococcal pneumococcal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 2 neuraminidases neuraminidase VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 3 A a NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 4 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 5 B b NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 6 both both DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 7 have have VBP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 8 essential essential JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 9 roles role NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 10 during during IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 11 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 12 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 13 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 15 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 16 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 17 sepsis sepsis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 18 Investigation Investigation NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 19 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 20 9-O 9-o CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 21 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 22 acetylated acetylated JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 23 sialoglycoconjugates sialoglycoconjugate NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 24 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 25 childhood childhood NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 26 acute acute JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 27 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 28 leukaemia leukaemia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 29 Recombinant Recombinant NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 30 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 31 C C NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 32 hemagglutininesterase hemagglutininesterase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 33 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 34 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 35 probe probe NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 36 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 37 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 38 acid acid JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 39 9-O 9-o CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 40 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 41 acetylation acetylation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 284 42 Neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 1 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 2 important important JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 3 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 4 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 5 initiation initiation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 6 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 7 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 8 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 9 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 10 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 11 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 12 airway airway NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 13 epithelium epithelium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 14 Influenza Influenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 15 enhances enhance VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 16 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 17 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 18 natural natural JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 19 acquisition acquisition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 20 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 21 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 22 disease disease NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 23 due due IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 24 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 25 Streptococcus streptococcus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 26 pneumoniae pneumoniae NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 27 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 285 28 ferrets ferret NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 1 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 2 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 3 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 4 fusion fusion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 5 protein protein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 6 effectively effectively RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 7 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 8 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 9 parainfluenza parainfluenza JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 10 viral viral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 11 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 12 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 13 vitro vitro FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 14 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 15 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 16 vivo vivo NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 17 Entry Entry NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 18 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 19 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 20 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 21 into into IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 22 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 23 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 24 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 25 target target NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 26 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 27 interrupting interrupt VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 28 childhood childhood NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 29 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 286 30 disease disease NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 1 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 2 Phase Phase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 3 II ii CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 4 study study NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 5 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 6 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 7 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 8 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 9 novel novel JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 10 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 11 directed direct VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 12 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 13 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 14 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 15 treatment treatment NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 16 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 17 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 287 18 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 288 1 Proposed propose VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 288 2 lead lead NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 288 3 molecules molecule NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 288 4 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 288 5 Hemagglutinin Hemagglutinin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 288 6 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 288 7 avian avian JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 288 8 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 288 9 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 288 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 288 11 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 288 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 289 1 Invasive invasive JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 289 2 pneumococcal pneumococcal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 289 3 disease disease NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 289 4 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 289 5 pandemic pandemic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 289 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 289 7 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 289 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 2 structure structure NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 4 Clostridium clostridium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 5 perfringens perfringen NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 6 NanI NanI NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 7 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 8 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 9 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 10 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 11 intermediates intermediate NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 12 Sialic Sialic NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 13 acid acid JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 14 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 15 detection detection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 16 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 17 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 18 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 19 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 20 tract tract NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 21 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 22 evidence evidence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 23 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 24 widespread widespread JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 25 distribution distribution NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 26 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 27 potential potential JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 28 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 29 sites site NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 30 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 31 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 32 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 33 avian avian JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 34 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 35 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 36 Comment comment VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 37 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 38 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 39 concerns concern NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 40 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 41 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 42 sialidase sialidase NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 43 fusion fusion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 44 protein protein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 45 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 46 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 47 experimental experimental JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 48 drug drug NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 49 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 50 combat combat VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 51 seasonal seasonal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 52 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 53 pandemic pandemic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 54 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 55 Sialoadhesin Sialoadhesin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 56 -A -A HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 57 macrophagerestricted macrophagerestricted JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 58 marker marker NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 59 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 60 immunoregulation immunoregulation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 61 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 290 62 inflammation inflammation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 1 Glycan glycan JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 2 terminator terminator NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 3 Restoration Restoration NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 5 specific specific JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 6 myxovirus myxovirus JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 7 receptors receptor NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 8 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 9 asialoerythrocytes asialoerythrocytes NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 10 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 11 incorporation incorporation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 12 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 13 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 14 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 15 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 16 pure pure JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 17 sialyltransferases sialyltransferase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 18 Variation variation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 19 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 20 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 21 presence presence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 22 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 23 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 24 genes gene NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 25 among among IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 26 Streptococcus streptococcus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 27 pneumoniae pneumoniae NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 28 isolates isolate VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 29 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 30 identical identical JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 31 sequence sequence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 32 types type NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 33 Adherence adherence NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 34 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 35 type type NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 36 I -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 37 Streptococcus streptococcus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 38 pneumoniae pneumoniae NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 39 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 40 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 41 epithelium epithelium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 42 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 43 mice mouse NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 44 infected infect VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 45 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 46 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 47 A A NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 48 / / SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 49 PR8 PR8 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 50 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 51 Convergent convergent JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 52 pathways pathway NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 53 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 54 utilization utilization NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 55 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 56 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 57 amino amino NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 58 sugars sugar NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 59 N N NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 60 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 61 acetylglucosamine acetylglucosamine NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 62 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 63 N n CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 64 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 65 acetylmannosamine acetylmannosamine NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 66 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 67 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 68 N n CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 69 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 70 acetylneuraminic acetylneuraminic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 71 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 72 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 73 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 74 coli coli VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 75 Human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 76 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 77 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 78 type type NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 79 3 3 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 80 HN hn NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 81 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 82 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 83 interaction interaction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 84 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 85 effect effect NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 86 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 87 4-guanidino 4-guanidino CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 88 - - SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 89 Neu5Ac2en Neu5Ac2en NNPS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 90 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 91 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 92 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 93 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 94 deficient deficient JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 95 variant variant NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 96 Basis basis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 97 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 98 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 99 potent potent JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 100 inhibition inhibition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 101 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 102 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 103 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 104 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 105 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 106 equine equine NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 107 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 108 guinea guinea NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 291 109 pig pig NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 292 1 alpha alpha NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 292 2 2-macroglobulin 2-macroglobulin CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 292 3 Recognition Recognition NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 292 4 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 292 5 monovalent monovalent JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 292 6 sialosides sialoside NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 292 7 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 292 8 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 292 9 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 1 H3 H3 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 2 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 3 Amino amino NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 4 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 5 change change NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 6 335 335 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 7 E e NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 8 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 9 K k NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 10 affects affect VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 11 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 12 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 13 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 14 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 15 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 16 binding binding NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 17 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 18 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 19 activities activity NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 20 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 21 Urabe Urabe NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 22 AM9 AM9 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 23 mumps mumps NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 24 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 25 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 26 - - : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 27 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 28 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 29 Receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 30 determinants determinant NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 31 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 32 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 33 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 34 animal animal NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 35 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 36 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 37 isolates isolate VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 38 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 39 differences difference NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 40 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 41 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 42 specificity specificity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 43 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 44 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 45 H3 H3 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 46 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 47 based base VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 48 on on IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 49 species specie NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 50 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 51 origin origin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 52 Differential differential JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 53 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 54 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 55 human human NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 56 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 57 avian avian JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 58 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 59 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 60 equine equine NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 61 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 62 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 63 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 64 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 65 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 66 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 67 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 68 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 69 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 70 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 71 selection selection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 72 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 73 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 74 specific specific JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 75 variants variant NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 76 O o NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 77 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 78 Acetylated acetylated JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 79 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 80 acids acid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 81 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 82 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 83 role role NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 84 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 85 immune immune JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 86 defense defense NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 87 Chemistry chemistry NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 88 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 89 biology biology NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 90 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 91 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 92 acylneuraminic acylneuraminic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 93 acids acid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 94 Achievements achievement NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 95 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 96 challenges challenge NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 97 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 98 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 99 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 100 research research NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 101 Amphiregulin Amphiregulin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 102 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 103 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 104 bifunctional bifunctional JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 105 growth growth NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 106 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 107 modulating modulate VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 108 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 109 produced produce VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 110 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 111 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 112 phorbol phorbol NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 113 12-myristate 12-myristate CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 114 13-acetate 13-acetate CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 115 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 116 treated treat VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 117 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 118 breast breast NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 119 adenocarcinoma adenocarcinoma NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 120 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 293 121 line line NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 1 MCF-7 MCF-7 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 2 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 3 sialylated sialylate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 4 glycan glycan NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 5 microarray microarray NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 6 reveals reveal VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 7 novel novel JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 8 interactions interaction NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 9 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 10 modified modify VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 11 sialic sialic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 12 acids acid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 13 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 14 proteins protein NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 15 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 16 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 17 Minimal minimal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 18 molecular molecular JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 19 constraints constraint NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 20 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 21 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 22 droplet droplet NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 23 transmission transmission NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 24 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 25 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 26 avian avian JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 27 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 28 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 29 H9N2 H9N2 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 30 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 31 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 294 32 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 1 The the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 2 induction induction NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 3 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 4 oral oral JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 5 tolerance tolerance NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 6 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 7 Actinomyces Actinomyces NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 8 viscosus viscosus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 9 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 10 mice mouse NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 11 Inactivation Inactivation NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 12 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 13 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 14 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 15 agglutinogens agglutinogens NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 16 M M NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 17 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 18 N N NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 19 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 20 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 21 viruses virus NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 22 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 23 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 24 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 25 destroying destroy VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 26 enzyme enzyme NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 27 Sialic Sialic NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 28 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 29 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 30 periodontal periodontal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 31 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 32 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 33 Tannerella Tannerella NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 34 forsythia forsythia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 35 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 36 stick stick VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 37 around around RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 38 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 39 enjoy enjoy VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 40 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 41 feast feast NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 295 42 ! ! . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 1 Mol Mol NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 2 Glycosylation Glycosylation NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 3 site site NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 4 alteration alteration NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 5 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 6 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 7 evolution evolution NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 8 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 9 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 10 A a NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 12 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 14 viruses viruse VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 15 Receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 16 specificities specificity NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 17 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 18 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 19 respiroviruses respiroviruse NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 20 Human Human NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 21 cytomegalovirus cytomegalovirus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 22 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 23 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 24 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 25 is be VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 26 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 27 mediated mediate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 28 Properties Properties NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 29 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 30 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 31 isolated isolate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 32 from from IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 33 Actinomyces Actinomyces NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 34 viscosus viscosus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 35 DSM DSM NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 36 43798 43798 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 37 Infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 38 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 39 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 40 airway airway NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 41 epithelium epithelium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 42 by by IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 43 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 44 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 45 avian avian JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 46 strains strain NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 47 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 48 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 49 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 50 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 51 DAS181 DAS181 NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 52 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 53 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 54 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 55 fusion fusion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 56 protein protein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 57 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 58 protects protect VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 59 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 60 airway airway NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 61 epithelium epithelium NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 62 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 63 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 64 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 65 infection infection NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 66 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 67 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 68 in in FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 69 vitro vitro FW cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 70 pharmacodynamic pharmacodynamic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 71 analysis analysis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 72 Involvement Involvement NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 73 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 74 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 75 platelet platelet NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 76 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 77 activating activate VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 78 factor factor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 79 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 80 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 81 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 82 defense defense NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 83 against against IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 84 Streptococcus Streptococcus NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 85 pneumoniae pneumoniae NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 86 during during IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 87 postinfluenza postinfluenza NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 88 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 89 Multifarious multifarious JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 90 roles role NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 91 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 92 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 93 acids acid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 94 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 95 immunity immunity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 96 Diversity diversity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 97 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 98 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 99 surface surface NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 100 sialic sialic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 101 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 102 presentations presentation NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 103 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 104 implications implication NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 105 for for IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 106 biology biology NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 107 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 108 disease disease NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 109 Sialic Sialic NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 110 acids acid NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 111 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 112 ligands ligand NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 113 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 114 recognition recognition NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 115 phenomena phenomena JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 116 Role role NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 117 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 118 sialic sialic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 119 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 120 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 121 containing contain VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 122 molecules molecule NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 123 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 124 paramyxovirus paramyxovirus JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 125 entry entry NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 126 into into IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 127 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 128 host host NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 129 cell cell NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 130 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 131 a a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 132 minireview minireview NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 133 Diversity diversity NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 134 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 135 microbial microbial JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 136 sialic sialic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 137 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 138 metabolism metabolism NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 296 139 . . . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 297 1 Microbiol Microbiol NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 297 2 Microbial Microbial NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 297 3 sialidases sialidase NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 297 4 : : : cord-316996-8yimrpaz 297 5 does do VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 297 6 bigger big JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 297 7 always always RB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 297 8 mean mean VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 297 9 better well JJR cord-316996-8yimrpaz 297 10 ? ? . cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 1 Ten ten CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 2 years year NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 3 ' ' POS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 4 experience experience NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 5 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 6 year year NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 7 - - HYPH cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 8 round round JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 9 active active JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 10 surveillance surveillance NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 11 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 12 up up IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 13 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 14 19 19 CD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 15 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 16 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 17 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 18 children child NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 19 Structure Structure NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 20 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 21 the the DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 22 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 23 virus virus NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 24 haemagglutinin haemagglutinin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 25 complexed complexe VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 26 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 27 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 28 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 29 , , , cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 30 sialic sialic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 31 acid acid NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 32 A a DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 33 review review NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 34 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 35 influenza influenza NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 36 haemagglutinin haemagglutinin NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 37 receptor receptor NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 38 binding bind VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 39 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 40 it -PRON- PRP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 41 relates relate VBZ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 42 to to IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 43 pandemic pandemic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 44 properties property NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 45 Altered alter VBD cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 46 EGFR EGFR NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 47 localization localization NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 48 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 49 degradation degradation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 50 in in IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 51 human human JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 52 breast breast NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 53 cancer cancer NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 54 cells cell NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 55 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 56 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 57 amphiregulin amphiregulin NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 58 / / SYM cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 59 EGFR EGFR NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 60 autocrine autocrine NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 61 loop loop NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 62 Altered alter VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 63 Oglycosylation Oglycosylation NNP cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 64 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 65 sulfation sulfation NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 66 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 67 airway airway NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 68 mucins mucin NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 69 associated associate VBN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 70 with with IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 71 cystic cystic JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 72 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 73 Concerns concern NNS cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 74 of of IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 75 using use VBG cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 76 sialidase sialidase NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 77 fusion fusion NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 78 protein protein NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 79 as as IN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 80 an an DT cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 81 experimental experimental JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 82 drug drug NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 83 to to TO cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 84 combat combat VB cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 85 seasonal seasonal JJ cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 86 and and CC cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 87 pandemic pandemic NN cord-316996-8yimrpaz 298 88 influenza influenza NN