id sid tid token lemma pos cord-308110-cco3aq4n 1 1 key key NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 1 2 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 1 3 cord-308110-cco3aq4n cord-308110-cco3aq4n NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 2 1 authors author NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 2 2 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 2 3 Okamoto Okamoto NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 2 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 2 5 Mika Mika NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 2 6 ; ; : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 2 7 Toyama Toyama NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 2 8 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 2 9 Masaaki Masaaki NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 2 10 ; ; : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 2 11 Baba Baba NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 2 12 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 3 1 Masanori Masanori NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 3 2 title title NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 3 3 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 2 chemokine chemokine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 3 receptor receptor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 4 antagonist antagonist NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 5 cenicriviroc cenicriviroc NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 6 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 7 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 8 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 9 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 10 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 11 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 12 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 13 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 14 vitro vitro FW cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 15 date date NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 16 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 17 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 18 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 19 07 07 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 20 - - SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 21 30 30 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 22 journal journal NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 4 23 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 5 1 Antiviral antiviral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 5 2 Res res NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 5 3 DOI doi NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 5 4 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 1 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 2 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 3 j.antiviral.2020.104902 j.antiviral.2020.104902 NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 4 sha sha NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 5 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 6 5ad42051521231441f2fcb0fb078d18dcc80cee6 5ad42051521231441f2fcb0fb078d18dcc80cee6 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 7 doc_id doc_id CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 8 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 9 308110 308110 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 10 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 11 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 12 cco3aq4n cco3aq4n NFP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 13 Cenicriviroc Cenicriviroc NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 15 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 17 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 18 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 19 small small JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 20 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 21 molecule molecule NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 22 chemokine chemokine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 23 receptor receptor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 24 antagonist antagonist NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 25 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 26 highly highly RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 27 potent potent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 28 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 29 selective selective JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 30 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 31 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 32 human human JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 33 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 34 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 35 type type NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 36 1 1 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 38 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 40 activity activity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 41 through through IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 42 antagonizing antagonize VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 43 C C NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 44 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 45 C C NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 46 chemokine chemokine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 47 receptor receptor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 48 type type NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 49 5 5 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 50 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 51 CCR5 CCR5 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 53 as as IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 54 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 55 coreceptor coreceptor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 56 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 57 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 6 58 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 1 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 2 also also RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 3 strongly strongly RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 4 antagonizes antagonize VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 5 C C NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 6 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 7 C C NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 8 chemokine chemokine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 9 receptor receptor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 10 type type NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 11 2b 2b CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 13 CCR2b CCR2b NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 15 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 16 thereby thereby RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 18 has have VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 19 potent potent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 20 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 21 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 22 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 23 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 24 immunomodulatory immunomodulatory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 25 effects effect NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 7 26 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 1 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 2 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 3 currently currently RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 4 under under IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 5 clinical clinical JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 6 trials trial NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 7 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 8 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 9 patients patient NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 10 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 11 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 12 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 13 nonalcoholic nonalcoholic JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 14 steatohepatitis steatohepatitis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 15 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 16 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 17 which which WDT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 18 immune immune JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 19 cell cell NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 20 activation activation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 21 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 22 dysregulation dysregulation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 23 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 24 proinflammatory proinflammatory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 25 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 26 play play VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 27 an an DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 28 important important JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 29 role role NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 30 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 31 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 32 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 8 33 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 1 In in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 2 this this DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 3 study study NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 5 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 6 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 7 examined examine VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 8 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 9 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 10 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 11 effect effect NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 12 on on IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 13 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 14 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 15 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 17 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 18 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 19 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 20 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 21 causative causative JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 22 agent agent NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 23 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 24 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 25 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 26 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 27 cell cell NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 28 cultures culture NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 29 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 30 found find VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 31 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 32 be be VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 33 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 34 selective selective JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 35 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 36 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 37 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 38 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 9 39 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 2 50 50 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 3 % % NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 4 effective effective JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 5 concentrations concentration NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 6 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 7 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 8 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 9 19.0 19.0 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 10 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 11 2.9 2.9 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 12 μM μm CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 13 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 14 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 15 assays assay NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 16 based base VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 17 on on IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 18 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 19 inhibition inhibition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 20 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 21 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 22 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 23 induced induce VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 24 cell cell NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 25 destruction destruction NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 26 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 27 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 28 RNA RNA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 29 levels level NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 30 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 31 culture culture NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 32 supernatants supernatant NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 33 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 34 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 35 infected infected JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 36 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 37 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 38 respectively respectively RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 10 39 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 2 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 3 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 4 CCR5-specific CCR5-specific NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 5 antagonist antagonist NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 6 maraviroc maraviroc NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 7 did do VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 8 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 9 show show VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 10 any any DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 11 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 12 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 13 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 14 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 15 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 16 activity activity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 11 17 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 1 Although although IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 2 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 3 mechanism mechanism NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 4 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 5 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 6 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 7 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 8 inhibition inhibition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 9 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 10 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 11 remains remain VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 12 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 13 be be VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 14 elucidated elucidate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 15 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 16 CCR2b CCR2b NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 17 does do VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 18 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 19 seem seem VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 20 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 21 be be VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 22 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 23 target target NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 24 molecule molecule NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 12 25 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 1 Considering consider VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 2 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 3 fact fact NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 4 that that IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 5 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 6 regulation regulation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 7 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 8 excessive excessive JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 9 immune immune JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 10 activation activation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 11 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 12 required require VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 13 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 14 treat treat VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 15 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 16 patients patient NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 17 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 18 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 19 late late JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 20 stage stage NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 21 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 22 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 23 disease disease NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 24 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 25 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 26 should should MD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 27 be be VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 28 further further RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 29 pursued pursue VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 30 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 31 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 32 potential potential NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 33 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 34 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 35 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 36 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 37 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 38 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 39 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 40 infection infection NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 13 41 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 2 pandemic pandemic NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 3 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 4 severe severe JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 5 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 6 caused cause VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 7 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 8 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 9 transmission transmission NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 10 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 11 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 12 new new JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 13 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 14 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 15 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 16 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 17 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 18 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 19 serious serious JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 20 threat threat NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 21 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 22 humanity humanity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 24 Di Di NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 25 Gennaro Gennaro NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 26 et et FW cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 27 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 14 28 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 1 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 2 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 3 ; ; : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 4 Harapan Harapan NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 5 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 6 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 7 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 8 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 9 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 10 ; ; : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 11 Helmy Helmy NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 12 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 13 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 14 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 15 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 16 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 17 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 15 19 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 1 At at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 2 present present NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 4 no no DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 5 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 6 exist exist VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 7 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 8 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 9 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 10 nucleoside nucleoside NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 11 analog analog NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 12 remdesivir remdesivir NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 14 RDV RDV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 16 has have VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 17 recently recently RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 18 been be VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 19 approved approve VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 20 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 21 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 22 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 23 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 24 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 25 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 16 26 infection infection NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 17 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 17 2 Grein Grein NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 17 3 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 17 4 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 17 5 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 17 6 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 17 7 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 17 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 17 9 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 1 RDV RDV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 2 has have VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 3 broad broad JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 4 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 5 spectrum spectrum NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 6 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 7 activity activity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 8 against against IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 9 several several JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 10 viruses virus NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 11 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 12 including include VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 13 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 14 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 15 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 16 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 18 17 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 1 In in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 2 addition addition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 3 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 4 RDV RDV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 5 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 6 there there EX cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 7 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 8 an an DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 9 attempt attempt NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 10 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 11 treat treat VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 12 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 13 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 14 existing exist VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 15 drugs drug NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 16 developed develop VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 17 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 18 other other JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 19 purposes purpose NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 19 20 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 1 These these DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 2 include include VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 3 hydroxychloroquine hydroxychloroquine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 4 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 5 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 7 Pastick Pastick NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 8 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 9 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 10 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 11 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 12 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 14 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 15 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 16 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 17 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 18 influenza influenza JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 19 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 20 agent agent NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 21 favipiravir favipiravir NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 23 Pilkington Pilkington NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 24 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 25 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 26 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 27 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 28 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 30 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 31 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 32 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 33 human human JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 34 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 35 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 36 type type NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 37 1 1 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 39 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 41 protease protease NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 42 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 43 lopinavir lopinavir NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 44 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 45 ritonavir ritonavir NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 20 46 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 1 More more RBR cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 2 recently recently RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 4 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 5 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 6 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 7 parasitic parasitic JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 8 agent agent NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 9 ivermectin ivermectin NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 10 has have VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 11 been be VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 12 shown show VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 13 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 14 inhibit inhibit VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 16 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 17 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 18 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 19 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 20 cell cell NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 21 21 cultures culture NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 22 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 22 2 Caly Caly NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 22 3 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 22 4 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 22 5 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 22 6 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 22 7 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 22 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 22 9 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 1 However however RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 2 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 3 these these DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 4 drugs drug NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 5 are be VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 6 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 7 optimized optimize VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 8 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 9 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 10 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 11 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 12 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 13 so so IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 14 that that IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 16 may may MD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 17 have have VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 18 inevitable inevitable JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 19 adverse adverse JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 20 effects effect NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 21 due due IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 22 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 23 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 24 requirement requirement NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 25 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 26 higher high JJR cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 27 dosages dosage NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 23 28 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 2 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 3 these these DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 4 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 5 agents agent NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 6 must must MD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 7 be be VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 8 used use VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 9 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 10 an an DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 11 early early JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 12 stage stage NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 13 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 14 infection infection NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 15 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 16 since since IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 17 severe severe JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 18 deterioration deterioration NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 19 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 20 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 21 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 22 some some DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 23 patients patient NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 24 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 25 considered consider VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 26 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 27 be be VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 28 closely closely RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 29 associated associate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 30 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 31 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 32 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 33 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 34 but but CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 35 " " `` cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 36 cytokine cytokine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 37 storm storm NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 38 " " '' cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 39 caused cause VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 40 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 41 dysregulated dysregulated JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 42 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 43 excessive excessive JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 44 cytokine cytokine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 45 release release NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 46 from from IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 47 activated activate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 48 immune immune JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 49 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 50 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 51 Ye Ye NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 52 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 53 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 54 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 55 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 56 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 57 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 24 58 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 2 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 3 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 4 use use NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 5 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 6 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 7 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 8 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 9 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 10 immunomodulatory immunomodulatory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 11 agents agent NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 12 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 13 mandatory mandatory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 14 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 15 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 16 late late JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 17 stage stage NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 18 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 19 this this DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 20 disease disease NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 22 Alijotas Alijotas NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 23 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 24 Reig Reig NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 25 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 26 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 27 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 28 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 29 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 25 31 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 2 have have VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 3 examined examine VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 4 several several JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 5 compounds compound NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 6 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 7 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 8 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 9 effect effect NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 10 on on IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 11 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 12 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 13 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 14 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 15 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 16 cell cell NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 17 cultures culture NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 18 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 19 found find VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 20 that that IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 21 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 22 chemokine chemokine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 23 receptor receptor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 24 antagonist antagonist NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 25 cenicriviroc cenicriviroc NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 27 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 29 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 30 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 31 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 32 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 33 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 34 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 35 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 26 36 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 1 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 2 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 3 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 4 C C NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 5 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 6 C c NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 7 chemokine chemokine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 8 receptor receptor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 9 type type NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 10 5 5 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 12 CCR5 CCR5 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 14 antagonist antagonist NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 15 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 16 potent potent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 17 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 18 selective selective JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 19 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 20 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 21 HIV-1 hiv-1 JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 27 22 activity activity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 28 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 28 2 Baba Baba NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 28 3 et et FW cord-308110-cco3aq4n 28 4 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 28 5 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 29 1 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 29 2 2005 2005 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 29 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 29 4 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 30 1 In in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 30 2 addition addition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 30 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 30 4 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 30 5 antagonizes antagonize VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 30 6 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 30 7 only only RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 30 8 CCR5 CCR5 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 30 9 but but CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 30 10 also also RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 31 1 C C NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 31 2 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 31 3 C C NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 31 4 chemokine chemokine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 31 5 receptor receptor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 31 6 type type NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 31 7 2b 2b CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 31 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 31 9 CCR2b CCR2b NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 31 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 31 11 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 1 Since since IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 2 CCR2b CCR2b NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 3 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 4 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 5 receptor receptor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 6 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 7 monocyte monocyte NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 8 chemoattractant chemoattractant NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 9 protein protein NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 10 1 1 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 12 MCP-1 MCP-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 14 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 15 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 16 exerts exert VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 17 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 18 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 19 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 20 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 21 immunomodulatory immunomodulatory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 22 effects effect NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 23 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 24 vivo vivo NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 26 Dawson Dawson NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 27 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 28 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 29 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 30 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 31 2003 2003 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 32 32 ; ; : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 33 1 Xia Xia NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 33 2 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 33 3 Sui Sui NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 33 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 33 5 2009 2009 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 33 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 33 7 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 1 In in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 2 fact fact NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 4 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 5 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 6 currently currently RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 7 under under IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 8 clinical clinical JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 9 trials trial NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 10 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 11 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 12 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 13 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 14 nonalcoholic nonalcoholic JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 15 steatohepatitis steatohepatitis NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 17 NASH NASH NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 19 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 20 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 21 which which WDT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 22 immune immune JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 23 cell cell NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 24 activation activation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 25 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 26 dysregulation dysregulation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 27 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 28 proinflammatory proinflammatory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 29 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 30 play play VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 31 an an DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 32 important important JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 33 role role NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 34 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 35 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 34 36 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 35 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 35 2 Pedrosa Pedrosa NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 35 3 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 35 4 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 35 5 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 35 6 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 35 7 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 35 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 35 9 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 1 VeroE6 veroe6 NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 2 cell cell NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 3 line line NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 4 expressing express VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 5 transmembrane transmembrane NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 6 protease protease NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 7 serine serine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 8 2 2 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 10 VeroE6 VeroE6 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 11 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 12 TMPRSS2 TMPRSS2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 14 highly highly RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 15 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 16 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 17 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 18 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 19 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 20 infection infection NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 21 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 22 obtained obtain VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 23 from from IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 24 Japanese Japanese NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 25 Collection Collection NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 26 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 27 Research Research NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 28 Bioresources Bioresources NNPS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 30 JCRB JCRB NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 32 Cell Cell NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 33 Bank Bank NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 34 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 35 Japan Japan NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 37 JCRB JCRB NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 38 no no UH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 39 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 40 JCRB1819 jcrb1819 NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 42 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 43 used use VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 44 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 45 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 46 propagation propagation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 47 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 48 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 49 assays assay NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 50 after after IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 51 removal removal NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 52 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 53 mycoplasma mycoplasma NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 54 contamination contamination NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 36 55 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 37 1 Vero Vero NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 37 2 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 37 3 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 37 4 also also RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 37 5 used use VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 37 6 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 37 7 experiments experiment NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 37 8 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 2 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 3 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 4 cultured cultured JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 5 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 6 Dulbecco Dulbecco NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 7 's 's POS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 8 modified modify VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 9 Eagle Eagle NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 10 medium medium NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 12 Nacalai Nacalai NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 13 Tesque Tesque NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 14 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 15 Kyoto Kyoto NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 16 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 17 Japan Japan NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 19 supplemented supplement VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 20 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 21 5 5 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 22 % % NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 23 heat heat NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 24 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 25 inactivated inactivate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 26 fetal fetal JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 27 bovine bovine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 28 serum serum NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 30 FBS FBS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 38 32 , , . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 1 100 100 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 2 U u NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 3 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 4 ml ml IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 5 penicillin penicillin NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 6 G G NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 7 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 8 100 100 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 9 µg µg NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 10 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 11 ml ml NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 12 streptomycin streptomycin NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 13 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 14 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 15 1 1 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 16 mg mg NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 17 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 18 ml ml NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 19 G418 G418 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 21 Nacalai Nacalai NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 22 Tesque Tesque NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 39 24 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 1 For for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 2 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 3 assays assay NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 5 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 6 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 7 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 8 cultured culture VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 9 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 10 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 11 absence absence NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 12 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 13 G418 G418 NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 40 14 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 2 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 3 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 5 WK-521 wk-521 JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 6 strain strain NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 7 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 8 GISAID GISAID NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 9 database database NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 10 ID ID NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 11 EPI_ISL_408667 EPI_ISL_408667 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 13 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 14 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 15 clinical clinical JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 16 isolate isolate NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 17 from from IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 18 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 19 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 20 patient patient NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 21 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 22 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 23 provided provide VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 24 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 25 National National NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 26 Institute Institute NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 27 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 28 Infectious Infectious NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 29 Diseases Diseases NNPS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 30 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 31 Tokyo Tokyo NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 32 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 33 Japan Japan NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 41 34 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 2 infectious infectious JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 3 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 4 titer titer NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 5 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 6 determined determine VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 7 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 8 VeroE6 veroe6 NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 9 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 10 TMPRSS2 TMPRSS2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 11 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 12 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 13 expressed express VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 14 as as IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 15 50 50 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 16 % % NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 17 cell cell NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 18 culture culture NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 19 infectious infectious JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 20 dose dose NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 22 CCID CCID NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 23 50 50 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 25 per per IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 26 ml ml NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 42 27 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 1 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 2 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 3 maraviroc maraviroc NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 5 MRV MRV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 7 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 8 purchased purchase VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 9 from from IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 10 MedChemExpress MedChemExpress NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 12 Monmouth Monmouth NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 13 Junction Junction NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 14 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 15 NJ NJ NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 43 17 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 2 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 3 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 4 nucleoside nucleoside NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 5 analogs analog NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 6 RDV RDV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 7 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 8 favipiravir favipiravir NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 10 FPV FPV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 12 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 13 obtained obtain VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 14 from from IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 15 ChemScence ChemScence NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 17 Monmouth Monmouth NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 18 Junction Junction NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 19 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 20 NJ NJ NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 22 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 23 Selleck Selleck NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 24 Chemicals Chemicals NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 26 Houston Houston NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 27 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 28 TX TX NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 30 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 31 respectively respectively RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 44 32 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 45 1 MCP-1 MCP-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 45 2 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 45 3 purchased purchase VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 45 4 from from IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 45 5 PetpoTech PetpoTech NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 45 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 45 7 Rocky Rocky NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 45 8 Hill Hill NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 45 9 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 45 10 NJ NJ NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 45 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 45 12 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 1 MRV MRV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 2 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 3 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 4 CCR5 CCR5 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 5 antagonist antagonist NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 6 clinically clinically RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 7 approved approve VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 8 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 9 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 10 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 11 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 12 infection infection NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 14 Woollard Woollard NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 15 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 16 Kanmogne Kanmogne NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 17 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 18 2015 2015 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 46 20 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 1 Except except IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 2 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 3 MCP-1 MCP-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 5 these these DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 6 compounds compound NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 7 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 8 dissolved dissolve VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 9 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 10 dimethyl dimethyl NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 11 sulfoxide sulfoxide NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 13 DMSO DMSO NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 15 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 16 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 17 concentration concentration NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 18 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 19 20 20 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 20 mM mm CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 21 or or CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 22 higher high JJR cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 23 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 24 exclude exclude VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 25 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 26 cytotoxicity cytotoxicity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 27 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 28 DMSO DMSO NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 29 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 30 stored store VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 31 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 32 -20 -20 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 33 ° ° NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 34 C C NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 35 until until IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 36 use use NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 47 37 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 48 1 MCP-1 MCP-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 48 2 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 48 3 dissolved dissolve VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 48 4 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 48 5 distilled distilled JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 48 6 water water NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 48 7 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 1 VeroE6 VeroE6 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 2 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 3 TMPRSS2 TMPRSS2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 4 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 6 2 2 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 7 × × NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 8 10 10 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 9 4 4 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 10 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 11 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 12 well well RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 14 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 15 cultured culture VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 16 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 17 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 18 96-well 96-well CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 19 microtiter microtiter NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 20 plate plate NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 21 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 22 incubated incubate VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 23 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 24 37 37 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 25 ° ° NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 26 C c NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 49 27 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 1 After after IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 2 24 24 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 3 h h NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 5 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 6 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 7 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 8 mock mock JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 9 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 10 infected infect VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 11 or or CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 12 infected infect VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 13 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 14 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 15 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 16 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 17 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 18 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 19 multiplicity multiplicity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 20 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 21 infection infection NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 23 MOI MOI NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 25 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 26 0.01 0.01 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 27 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 28 cultured culture VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 29 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 30 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 31 absence absence NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 32 or or CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 33 presence presence NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 34 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 35 various various JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 36 concentrations concentration NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 37 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 38 test test NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 39 compounds compound NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 50 40 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 1 After after IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 2 3 3 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 3 days day NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 5 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 6 number number NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 7 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 8 viable viable JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 9 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 10 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 11 determined determine VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 12 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 13 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 14 tetrazolium tetrazolium NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 15 dye dye NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 16 method method NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 51 17 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 1 Briefly briefly RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 2 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 3 100 100 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 4 μl μl NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 5 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 6 culture culture NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 7 medium medium NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 8 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 9 removed remove VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 10 from from IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 11 each each DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 12 well well RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 13 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 14 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 15 10 10 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 16 μl μl NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 17 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 18 water water NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 19 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 20 soluble soluble JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 21 tetrazolium tetrazolium NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 22 dye dye NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 23 solution solution NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 25 Dojindo Dojindo NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 26 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 27 Kumamoto Kumamoto NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 28 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 29 Japan Japan NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 31 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 32 added add VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 52 33 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 1 After after IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 2 incubating incubate VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 3 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 4 37 37 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 5 ° ° NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 6 C c NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 7 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 8 2 2 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 9 h h NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 10 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 11 100 100 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 12 μl μl NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 13 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 14 isopropanol isopropanol NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 15 acidified acidify VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 16 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 17 hydrochloric hydrochloric JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 18 acid acid NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 19 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 20 added add VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 21 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 22 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 23 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 24 absorbance absorbance NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 25 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 26 read read VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 27 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 28 two two CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 29 wavelengths wavelength NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 31 450 450 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 32 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 33 620 620 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 34 nm nm NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 36 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 37 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 38 microplate microplate JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 39 reader reader NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 41 Pauwels Pauwels NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 42 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 43 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 44 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 45 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 46 1988 1988 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 53 48 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 2 50 50 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 3 % % NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 4 effective effective JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 5 concentration concentration NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 7 EC EC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 8 50 50 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 10 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 11 each each DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 12 compound compound NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 13 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 14 calculated calculate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 15 from from IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 16 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 17 dose dose NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 18 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 19 dependent dependent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 20 curve curve NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 21 based base VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 22 on on IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 23 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 24 viability viability NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 25 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 26 infected infected JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 27 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 28 uninfected uninfected JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 29 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 54 30 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 1 All all DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 2 experiments experiment NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 3 using use VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 4 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 5 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 6 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 7 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 8 conducted conduct VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 9 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 10 biosafety biosafety NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 11 level level NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 12 3 3 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 14 BSL3 BSL3 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 16 facilities facility NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 17 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 18 Kagoshima Kagoshima NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 19 University University NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 55 20 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 1 For for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 2 immunofluorescence immunofluorescence NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 3 microscopy microscopy NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 5 Vero Vero NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 6 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 8 2 2 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 9 × × NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 10 10 10 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 11 4 4 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 12 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 13 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 14 well well RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 16 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 17 cultured culture VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 18 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 19 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 20 microtiter microtiter NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 21 plate plate NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 22 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 23 incubated incubate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 56 24 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 1 After after IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 2 24 24 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 3 h h NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 5 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 6 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 7 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 8 infected infect VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 9 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 10 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 11 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 12 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 13 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 14 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 15 MOI moi NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 16 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 17 0.1 0.1 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 18 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 19 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 20 absence absence NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 21 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 22 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 23 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 24 incubated incubate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 57 25 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 1 After after IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 2 2 2 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 3 h h NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 5 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 6 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 7 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 8 washed wash VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 9 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 10 phosphate phosphate NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 11 buffered buffer VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 12 saline saline NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 14 PBS PBS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 16 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 17 remove remove VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 18 unadsorbed unadsorbed JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 19 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 20 particles particle NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 21 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 22 further further RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 23 incubated incubate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 24 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 25 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 26 absence absence NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 27 or or CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 28 presence presence NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 29 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 30 40 40 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 31 μM μm CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 32 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 58 33 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 1 After after IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 2 3 3 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 3 days day NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 5 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 6 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 7 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 8 fixed fix VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 9 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 10 4 4 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 11 % % NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 12 paraformaldehyde paraformaldehyde NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 13 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 14 PBS PBS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 15 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 16 15 15 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 17 min min NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 59 18 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 1 Then then RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 2 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 3 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 4 solution solution NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 5 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 6 removed remove VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 7 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 8 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 9 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 10 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 11 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 12 washed wash VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 13 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 14 PBS PBS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 15 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 16 permeabilized permeabilize VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 17 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 18 methanol methanol NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 60 19 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 1 After after IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 2 washing wash VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 3 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 4 PBS PBS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 5 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 6 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 7 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 8 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 9 treated treat VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 10 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 11 PBS PBS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 12 containing contain VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 13 1 1 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 14 % % NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 15 bovine bovine JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 16 serum serum NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 17 albumin albumin NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 19 Sigma Sigma NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 20 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 21 Aldrich Aldrich NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 22 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 23 St. St. NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 24 Louis Louis NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 25 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 26 MO MO NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 28 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 29 0.1 0.1 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 30 % % NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 31 Tween Tween NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 61 32 20 20 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 2 Fujifilm Fujifilm NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 3 Wako Wako NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 5 Osaka Osaka NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 6 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 7 Japan Japan NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 9 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 10 incubated incubate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 11 overnight overnight RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 12 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 13 4 4 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 14 ° ° NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 15 C c NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 16 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 17 an an DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 18 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 19 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 20 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 21 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 22 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 23 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 24 rabbit rabbit NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 25 antibody antibody NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 27 GeneTex GeneTex NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 28 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 29 Irvine Irvine NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 30 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 31 CA CA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 62 33 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 1 After after IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 2 incubation incubation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 4 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 5 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 6 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 7 washed wash VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 8 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 9 PBS PBS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 10 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 11 stained stain VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 12 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 13 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 14 secondary secondary JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 15 antibody antibody NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 16 goat goat NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 17 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 18 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 19 rabbit rabbit JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 20 IgG igg NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 63 21 H&L H&L NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 64 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 64 2 Alexa Alexa NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 64 3 Fluoro Fluoro NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 65 1 ® ® LS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 65 2 488 488 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 65 3 ; ; : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 65 4 Abcam Abcam NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 65 5 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 65 6 Cambridge Cambridge NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 65 7 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 65 8 UK UK NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 65 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 65 10 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 2 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 3 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 4 washed wash VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 5 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 6 PBS PBS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 7 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 8 stained stain VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 9 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 10 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 12 DAPI DAPI NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 13 ; ; : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 14 Bio Bio NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 15 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 16 Rad Rad NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 17 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 18 Hercules Hercules NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 19 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 20 CA CA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 22 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 23 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 24 observed observe VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 25 under under IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 26 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 27 fluorescent fluorescent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 28 microscope microscope NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 30 BZ BZ NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 31 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 32 X800 X800 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 33 ; ; : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 34 Keyence Keyence NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 35 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 36 Osaka Osaka NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 37 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 38 Japan Japan NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 66 40 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 2 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 3 effect effect NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 4 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 5 compounds compound NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 6 on on IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 8 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 9 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 10 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 11 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 12 also also RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 13 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 14 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 15 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 16 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 18 levels level NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 19 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 20 culture culture NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 21 supernatants supernatant NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 22 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 23 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 24 infected infected JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 25 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 67 26 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 1 VeroE6 VeroE6 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 2 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 3 TMPRSS2 TMPRSS2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 4 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 5 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 6 infected infect VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 7 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 8 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 9 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 10 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 11 incubated incubate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 12 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 13 3 3 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 14 days day NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 15 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 16 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 17 absence absence NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 18 or or CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 19 presence presence NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 20 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 21 test test NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 22 compounds compound NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 23 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 24 as as IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 25 described describe VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 26 above above RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 68 27 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 1 Ten ten CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 2 μl μl IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 3 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 4 each each DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 5 culture culture NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 6 supernatant supernatant JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 7 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 8 mixed mix VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 9 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 10 10 10 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 11 μl μl NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 12 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 13 SideStep SideStep NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 14 Lysis Lysis NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 15 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 16 Stabilization Stabilization NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 17 Buffer Buffer NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 19 Agilent Agilent NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 20 Technologies Technologies NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 21 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 22 Santa Santa NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 23 Clara Clara NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 24 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 25 CA CA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 27 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 28 diluted dilute VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 29 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 30 80 80 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 31 μl μl NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 32 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 33 distilled distilled JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 34 water water NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 69 35 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 2 amount amount NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 3 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 4 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 6 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 7 measured measure VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 8 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 9 real real JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 10 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 11 time time NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 12 reverse reverse NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 13 transcription transcription NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 14 polymerase polymerase NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 15 chain chain NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 16 reaction reaction NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 18 RT RT NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 19 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 20 PCR PCR NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 22 using use VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 23 TaqMan TaqMan NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 24 Gene Gene NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 25 Expression Expression NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 26 Cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 27 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 28 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 29 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 30 CT CT NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 31 TM TM NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 32 Kit kit NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 34 Thermo Thermo NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 35 Fisher Fisher NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 36 Scientific Scientific NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 37 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 38 Waltham Waltham NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 39 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 40 MA MA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 42 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 43 according accord VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 44 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 45 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 46 manufacturer manufacturer NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 47 's 's POS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 48 protocol protocol NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 49 except except IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 50 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 51 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 52 cell cell NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 53 lysis lysis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 54 step step NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 70 55 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 2 primer primer NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 3 pair pair NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 4 5'-AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC-3 5'-aaattttggggaccaggaac-3 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 5 ' ' '' cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 6 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 7 5'-TGGCAGCTGTGTAGGTCAAC-3 5'-TGGCAGCTGTGTAGGTCAAC-3 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 8 ' ' '' cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 9 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 10 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 11 probe probe NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 12 5'-FAM 5'-fam CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 13 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 14 ATGTCGCGCATTGGCATGGA ATGTCGCGCATTGGCATGGA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 15 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 16 TAMRA-3 TAMRA-3 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 17 ' ' '' cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 18 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 19 used use VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 20 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 21 real real JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 22 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 23 time time NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 24 PCR PCR NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 25 reat reat JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 26 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 27 time time NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 28 RT RT NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 29 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 30 PCR PCR NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 31 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 32 determine determine VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 33 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 34 amount amount NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 35 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 36 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 37 RNA RNA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 38 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 39 as as IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 40 described describe VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 41 above above RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 71 42 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 1 When when WRB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 2 VeroE6 veroe6 NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 3 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 4 TMPRSS2 TMPRSS2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 5 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 6 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 7 infected infect VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 8 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 9 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 10 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 11 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 12 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 13 incubated incubate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 14 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 15 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 16 absence absence NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 17 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 18 compounds compound NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 19 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 20 3 3 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 21 days day NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 22 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 23 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 24 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 25 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 26 completely completely RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 27 destroyed destroy VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 28 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 29 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 30 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 31 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 32 induced induce VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 33 cytopathic cytopathic JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 34 effect effect NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 36 Fig fig NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 37 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 38 1B 1b CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 72 40 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 1 Such such JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 2 cell cell NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 3 destruction destruction NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 4 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 5 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 6 observed observe VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 7 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 8 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 9 infected infected JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 10 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 11 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 12 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 13 presence presence NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 14 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 15 20 20 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 16 μM μm CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 17 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 18 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 19 although although IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 20 some some DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 21 morphological morphological JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 22 changes change NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 23 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 24 identified identify VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 26 Fig Fig NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 27 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 28 1D 1d CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 73 30 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 1 In in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 2 contrast contrast NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 4 MRV MRV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 5 did do VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 6 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 7 inhibit inhibit VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 8 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 9 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 10 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 11 induced induce VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 12 cell cell NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 13 destruction destruction NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 14 even even RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 15 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 16 40 40 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 74 17 μM μm CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 75 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 75 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 75 3 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 75 4 1F 1F NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 75 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 75 6 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 2 EC EC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 3 50 50 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 4 s s NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 5 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 6 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 7 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 8 MRV MRV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 9 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 10 19 19 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 11 ± ± NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 12 0.2 0.2 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 13 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 14 > > XX cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 15 40 40 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 16 μM μm CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 17 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 18 respectively respectively RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 19 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 20 based base VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 21 on on IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 22 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 23 inhibition inhibition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 24 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 25 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 26 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 27 induced induce VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 28 cell cell NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 29 destruction destruction NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 31 Table table NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 32 1 1 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 76 34 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 1 Both both DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 2 compounds compound NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 3 did do VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 4 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 5 show show VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 6 apparent apparent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 7 cytotoxicity cytotoxicity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 8 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 9 concentrations concentration NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 10 up up IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 11 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 12 80 80 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 13 μM. μm. NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 14 Dose dose NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 15 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 16 dependent dependent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 17 protection protection NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 18 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 19 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 20 infected infected JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 21 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 22 from from IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 23 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 24 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 25 induced induce VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 26 cell cell NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 27 destruction destruction NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 28 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 29 observed observe VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 30 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 31 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 32 but but CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 33 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 34 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 35 MRV MRV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 37 Fig Fig NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 38 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 39 2 2 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 77 41 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 1 These these DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 2 results result NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 3 indicate indicate VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 4 that that IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 5 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 6 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 7 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 8 selective selective JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 9 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 10 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 11 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 12 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 13 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 14 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 78 15 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 1 As as IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 2 previously previously RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 3 reported report VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 5 RDV RDV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 6 proved prove VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 7 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 8 be be VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 9 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 10 potent potent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 11 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 12 selective selective JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 13 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 14 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 16 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 17 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 18 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 19 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 20 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 21 assay assay NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 22 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 23 whereas whereas IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 24 FPV FPV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 25 did do VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 26 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 27 show show VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 28 any any DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 29 selective selective JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 30 inhibition inhibition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 31 even even RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 32 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 33 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 34 concentration concentration NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 35 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 36 80 80 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 37 μM μm NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 39 Table table NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 40 1 1 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 41 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 42 Fig Fig NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 43 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 44 S1 S1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 79 46 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 2 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 3 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 4 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 5 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 6 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 7 activity activity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 8 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 9 also also RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 10 examined examine VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 11 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 12 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 13 inhibition inhibition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 14 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 15 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 16 antigen antigen NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 17 expression expression NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 18 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 19 Vero Vero NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 20 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 80 21 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 1 Vero Vero NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 2 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 3 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 4 less less RBR cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 5 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 6 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 8 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 9 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 10 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 11 than than IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 12 VeroE6 veroe6 NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 13 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 14 TMPRSS2 TMPRSS2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 15 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 81 16 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 1 In in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 2 fact fact NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 4 Vero Vero NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 5 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 6 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 7 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 8 destroyed destroy VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 9 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 10 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 11 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 12 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 13 induced induce VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 14 cytopathic cytopathic JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 15 effect effect NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 16 on on IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 17 day day NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 18 3 3 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 19 after after IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 20 infection infection NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 22 Fig Fig NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 23 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 24 3A 3A NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 82 26 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 1 However however RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 2 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 3 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 4 antigen antigen NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 5 expression expression NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 6 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 7 observed observe VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 8 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 9 many many JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 10 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 11 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 12 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 13 absence absence NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 14 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 15 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 17 Fig Fig NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 18 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 19 3B 3B NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 83 21 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 1 In in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 2 contrast contrast NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 4 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 5 antigen antigen NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 6 expression expression NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 7 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 8 completely completely RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 9 inhibited inhibit VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 10 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 11 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 12 presence presence NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 13 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 14 40 40 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 15 μM μm CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 16 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 18 Fig Fig NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 19 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 20 3D 3D NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 84 22 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 1 When when WRB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 2 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 3 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 4 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 5 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 6 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 7 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 8 activity activity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 9 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 10 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 11 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 12 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 13 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 14 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 15 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 16 RNA RNA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 17 levels level NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 18 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 19 culture culture NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 20 supernatants supernatant NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 21 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 22 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 23 infected infected JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 24 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 25 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 26 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 27 significantly significantly RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 28 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 29 dose dose RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 30 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 31 dependently dependently RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 32 reduced reduce VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 33 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 34 amount amount NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 35 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 36 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 37 RNA RNA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 38 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 39 culture culture NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 40 supernatants supernatant NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 42 Fig Fig NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 43 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 44 4A 4a CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 85 46 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 2 EC EC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 3 50 50 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 4 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 5 this this DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 6 assay assay NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 7 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 8 2.9 2.9 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 9 μM μM NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 10 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 11 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 12 more more JJR cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 13 than than IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 14 95 95 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 15 % % NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 16 inhibition inhibition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 17 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 18 achieved achieve VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 19 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 20 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 21 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 22 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 23 concentration concentration NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 24 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 86 25 10 10 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 87 1 μM. μM. NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 88 1 In in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 88 2 contrast contrast NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 88 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 88 4 MRV MRV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 88 5 did do VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 88 6 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 88 7 reduce reduce VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 88 8 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 88 9 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 88 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 88 11 levels level NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 88 12 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 88 13 concentrations concentration NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 89 1 up up IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 89 2 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 89 3 40 40 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 89 4 μM μm CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 89 5 _SP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 1 In in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 2 2005 2005 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 5 have have VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 6 reported report VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 7 that that IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 8 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 9 small small JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 10 molecule molecule NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 11 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 12 orally orally RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 13 bioavailable bioavailable JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 14 CCR5 CCR5 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 15 antagonist antagonist NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 16 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 17 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 18 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 19 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 20 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 21 subnanomolar subnanomolar JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 22 concentrations concentration NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 23 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 24 vitro vitro FW cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 26 Baba Baba NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 27 et et FW cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 28 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 29 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 30 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 31 2005 2005 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 90 33 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 2 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 3 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 4 HIV-1 hiv-1 JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 5 activity activity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 6 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 7 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 8 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 9 attributed attribute VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 10 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 11 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 12 inhibition inhibition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 13 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 14 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 15 entry entry NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 16 using use VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 17 CCR5 CCR5 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 18 as as IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 19 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 20 coreceptor coreceptor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 91 21 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 1 However however RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 2 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 3 different different JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 4 from from IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 5 other other JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 6 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 7 - - NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 8 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 9 CCR5 CCR5 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 10 antagonists antagonist NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 11 such such JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 12 as as IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 13 MRV MRV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 14 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 15 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 16 also also RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 17 suppresses suppress VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 18 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 19 binding binding NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 20 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 21 MCP-1 MCP-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 22 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 23 CCR2b CCR2b NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 24 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 25 expressing express VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 26 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 92 27 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 1 This this DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 2 unique unique JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 3 feature feature NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 4 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 5 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 6 encouraged encourage VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 8 manufacturer manufacturer NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 9 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 10 develop develop VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 11 this this DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 12 compound compound NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 13 as as IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 14 an an DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 15 agent agent NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 16 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 17 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 18 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 19 NASH NASH NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 93 20 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 1 A a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 2 recent recent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 3 randomized randomized JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 4 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 5 placebo placebo NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 6 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 7 controlled control VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 8 trial trial NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 9 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 10 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 11 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 12 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 13 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 14 NASH NASH NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 15 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 16 that that IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 17 twice twice PDT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 18 as as RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 19 many many JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 20 subjects subject NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 21 achieved achieve VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 22 improvement improvement NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 23 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 24 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 25 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 26 no no DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 27 worsening worsening NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 28 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 29 steatohepatitis steatohepatitis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 30 compared compare VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 31 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 32 placebo placebo NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 34 Friedman Friedman NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 35 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 36 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 37 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 38 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 39 2018 2018 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 40 ; ; : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 41 Tacke Tacke NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 42 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 43 2018 2018 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 94 45 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 1 Safety safety NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 2 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 3 tolerability tolerability NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 4 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 5 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 6 were be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 7 found find VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 8 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 9 be be VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 10 comparable comparable JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 11 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 12 placebo placebo NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 13 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 14 suggesting suggest VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 15 that that IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 17 can can MD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 18 be be VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 19 administered administer VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 20 safely safely RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 21 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 22 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 23 patients patient NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 24 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 25 preventing prevent VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 26 severe severe JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 27 deterioration deterioration NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 28 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 29 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 30 due due IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 31 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 32 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 33 cytokine cytokine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 34 storm storm NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 95 35 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 1 In in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 2 fact fact NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 4 alveolar alveolar JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 5 macrophage macrophage NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 6 - - : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 7 borne bear VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 8 MCP-1 MCP-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 9 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 10 reported report VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 11 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 12 be be VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 13 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 14 key key JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 15 agent agent NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 16 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 17 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 18 initiation initiation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 19 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 20 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 21 systemic systemic JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 22 inflammation inflammation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 23 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 24 alveolar alveolar JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 25 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 26 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 27 rats rat NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 28 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 29 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 30 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 31 CCR2b CCR2b NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 32 receptor receptor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 33 antagonist antagonist NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 34 prevented prevent VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 35 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 36 mesenteric mesenteric JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 37 inflammation inflammation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 38 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 39 alveolar alveolar NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 40 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 42 Chao Chao NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 43 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 44 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 45 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 46 2011 2011 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 96 48 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 2 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 3 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 4 recent recent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 5 study study NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 6 on on IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 7 transcriptome transcriptome NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 8 sequencing sequencing NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 9 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 10 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 11 RNAs rna NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 12 isolated isolate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 13 from from IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 14 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 15 bronchoalveolar bronchoalveolar NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 16 lavage lavage NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 17 fluid fluid NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 18 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 19 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 20 blood blood NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 21 mononuclear mononuclear NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 22 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 23 specimens specimen NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 24 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 25 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 26 patients patient NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 27 revealed reveal VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 28 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 29 association association NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 30 between between IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 31 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 32 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 33 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 34 excessive excessive JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 35 cytokine cytokine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 36 release release NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 37 including include VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 97 38 MCP-1 MCP-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 98 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 98 2 Xiong Xiong NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 98 3 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 98 4 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 98 5 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 98 6 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 98 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 98 8 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 2 will will MD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 3 be be VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 4 claimed claim VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 5 that that IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 6 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 7 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 8 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 9 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 10 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 11 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 12 activity activity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 13 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 14 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 15 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 16 vitro vitro FW cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 17 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 18 insufficient insufficient JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 19 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 20 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 21 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 22 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 23 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 24 patients patient NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 99 25 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 1 However however RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 2 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 3 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 4 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 5 assay assay NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 6 system system NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 7 using use VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 9 Table table NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 10 1 1 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 11 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 12 data datum NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 13 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 14 shown show VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 100 16 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 2 broad broad JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 3 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 4 spectrum spectrum NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 5 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 6 - - NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 8 virus virus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 9 agent agent NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 10 FPV FPV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 11 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 12 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 13 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 14 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 16 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 17 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 18 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 19 even even RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 20 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 21 80 80 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 101 22 μM μm CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 2 Table table NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 3 1 1 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 4 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 5 Fig Fig NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 6 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 7 S1 S1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 9 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 10 which which WDT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 11 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 12 consistent consistent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 13 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 14 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 15 previous previous JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 16 report report NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 18 Choy Choy NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 19 et et FW cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 20 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 21 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 22 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 102 24 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 2 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 3 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 4 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 5 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 6 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 7 activity activity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 8 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 9 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 10 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 11 more more RBR cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 12 obvious obvious JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 13 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 14 when when WRB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 15 determined determine VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 16 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 17 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 18 inhibition inhibition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 19 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 20 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 22 levels level NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 23 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 24 culture culture NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 25 supernatants supernatant NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 103 26 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 104 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 104 2 EC EC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 104 3 50 50 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 104 4 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 105 1 2.9 2.9 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 105 2 μM μm CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 3 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 4 4 4 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 6 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 7 which which WDT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 8 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 9 similar similar JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 10 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 11 those those DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 12 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 13 RDV RDV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 15 1.9 1.9 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 16 μM μM NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 18 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 19 ivermectin ivermectin NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 21 2.2 2.2 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 22 - - SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 23 2.8 2.8 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 24 μM μM NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 106 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 2 data datum NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 3 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 4 shown show VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 5 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 6 Caly Caly NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 7 et et NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 8 al al NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 9 . . NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 10 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 11 2020 2020 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 12 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 13 respectively respectively RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 107 15 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 1 Thus thus RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 2 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 3 although although IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 4 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 5 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 6 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 8 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 9 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 10 activity activity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 11 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 12 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 13 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 14 vitro vitro FW cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 15 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 16 modest modest JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 17 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 18 we -PRON- PRP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 19 can can MD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 20 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 21 exclude exclude VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 22 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 23 possibility possibility NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 24 that that IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 25 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 26 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 27 some some DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 28 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 29 efficacy efficacy NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 30 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 31 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 32 patients patient NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 108 33 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 109 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 109 2 target target NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 109 3 molecule molecule NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 109 4 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 109 5 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 109 6 remains remain VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 109 7 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 109 8 be be VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 109 9 elucidated elucidate VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 109 10 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 2 preliminary preliminary JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 3 studies study NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 4 on on IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 5 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 6 mechanism mechanism NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 7 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 8 action action NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 9 revealed reveal VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 10 that that IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 11 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 12 did do VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 13 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 14 interfere interfere VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 15 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 16 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 17 entry entry NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 18 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 19 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 20 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 21 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 23 data datum NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 24 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 25 shown show VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 110 27 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 1 Unlike unlike IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 2 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 4 CCR5 CCR5 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 5 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 6 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 7 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 8 target target NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 9 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 10 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 11 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 12 inhibition inhibition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 13 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 14 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 15 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 16 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 17 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 18 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 19 since since IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 20 another another DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 21 potent potent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 22 CCR5 CCR5 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 23 antagonist antagonist NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 24 MRV MRV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 25 was be VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 26 totally totally RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 111 27 inactive inactive JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 112 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 112 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 112 3 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 112 4 2B 2b CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 112 5 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 112 6 Fig Fig NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 112 7 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 112 8 4B 4b CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 112 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 112 10 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 2 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 3 MCP-1 MCP-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 4 could could MD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 5 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 6 block block VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 8 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 9 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 10 infection infection NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 12 data datum NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 13 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 14 shown show VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 16 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 17 suggesting suggest VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 18 that that IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 19 CCR2b CCR2b NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 20 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 21 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 22 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 23 target target NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 24 molecule molecule NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 25 either either RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 113 26 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 1 Further further JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 2 studies study NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 4 such such JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 5 as as IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 6 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 7 time time NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 8 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 9 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 10 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 11 addition addition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 12 experiment experiment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 13 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 14 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 15 approaches approach NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 16 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 17 are be VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 18 required require VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 19 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 20 elucidate elucidate VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 21 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 22 mechanism mechanism NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 23 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 24 action action NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 25 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 26 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 27 they -PRON- PRP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 28 are be VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 29 currently currently RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 30 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 31 progress progress NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 114 32 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 1 In in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 2 conclusion conclusion NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 4 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 5 addition addition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 6 to to IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 7 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 8 potent potent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 9 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 10 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 11 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 12 activity activity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 13 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 14 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 15 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 16 vivo vivo NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 17 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 18 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 19 present present JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 20 study study NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 21 has have VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 22 identified identify VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 23 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 24 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 25 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 26 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 27 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 28 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 29 activity activity NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 30 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 31 vitro vitro FW cord-308110-cco3aq4n 115 32 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 1 Since since IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 2 not not RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 3 only only RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 4 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 5 inhibition inhibition NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 6 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 7 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 8 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 9 but but CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 10 also also RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 11 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 12 control control NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 13 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 14 excessive excessive JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 15 immune immune JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 16 activation activation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 17 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 18 mandatory mandatory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 19 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 20 save save VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 21 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 22 patients patient NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 23 at at IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 24 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 25 late late JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 26 stage stage NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 27 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 28 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 29 disease disease NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 30 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 31 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 32 should should MD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 33 be be VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 34 further further RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 35 pursued pursue VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 36 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 37 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 38 potential potential NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 39 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 40 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 41 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 42 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 43 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 44 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 45 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 46 infection infection NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 116 47 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 2 data datum NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 3 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 4 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 5 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 6 RDV RDV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 7 represent represent VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 8 mean mean JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 9 ± ± CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 10 range range NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 11 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 12 two two CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 13 separate separate JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 14 experiments experiment NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 15 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 16 mean mean VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 17 ± ± NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 18 standard standard JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 19 deviation deviation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 20 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 21 three three CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 22 separate separate JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 23 experiments experiment NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 24 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 25 respectively respectively RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 26 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 117 27 _SP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 118 1 Immunomodulatory immunomodulatory JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 118 2 therapy therapy NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 118 3 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 118 4 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 118 5 management management NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 118 6 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 118 7 severe severe JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 118 8 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 118 9 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 1 Beyond beyond IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 2 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 3 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 4 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 5 viral viral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 6 therapy therapy NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 7 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 8 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 9 comprehensive comprehensive JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 10 review review NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 11 TAK-652 TAK-652 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 12 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 13 CCR5-mediated ccr5-mediated JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 14 human human JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 15 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 16 virustype virustype NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 17 1 1 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 18 infection infection NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 19 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 20 vitro vitro FW cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 21 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 22 has have VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 23 favorable favorable JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 24 pharmacokinetics pharmacokinetic NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 25 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 119 26 humans human NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 2 FDA FDA NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 3 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 4 approved approve VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 5 drug drug NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 6 ivermectin ivermectin NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 7 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 8 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 9 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 10 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 11 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 12 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 13 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 14 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 120 15 vitro vitro FW cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 1 A a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 2 trial trial NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 3 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 4 lopinavir lopinavir NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 5 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 6 ritonavir ritonavir NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 7 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 8 adults adult NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 9 hospitalized hospitalize VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 10 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 11 severe severe JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 12 covid-19 covid-19 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 13 Monocyte Monocyte NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 14 chemoattractant chemoattractant NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 15 protein-1 protein-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 16 released release VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 17 from from IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 18 alveolar alveolar JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 19 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 20 mediates mediate VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 21 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 22 systemic systemic JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 23 inflammation inflammation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 24 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 25 acute acute JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 26 alveolar alveolar NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 27 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 28 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 29 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 30 lopinavir lopinavir NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 31 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 32 emetine emetine NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 33 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 34 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 35 homoharringtonine homoharringtonine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 36 inhibit inhibit VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 37 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 38 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 39 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 40 replication replication NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 41 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 121 42 vitro vitro FW cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 1 Targeting target VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 2 monocyte monocyte NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 3 chemoattractant chemoattractant NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 4 protein-1 protein-1 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 5 signaling signal VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 6 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 7 disease disease NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 8 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 9 diseases disease NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 11 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 13 current current JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 14 status status NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 15 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 16 future future JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 17 perspectives perspective NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 18 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 19 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 20 narrative narrative NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 122 21 review review NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 1 A a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 2 randomized randomized JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 4 placebo placebo NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 5 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 6 controlled control VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 7 trial trial NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 8 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 9 cenicriviroc cenicriviroc NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 10 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 11 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 12 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 13 nonalcoholic nonalcoholic JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 14 steatohepatitis steatohepatitis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 15 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 16 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 17 Compassionate compassionate JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 18 use use NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 19 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 20 remdesivir remdesivir NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 21 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 22 patients patient NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 23 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 24 severe severe JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 25 covid-19 covid-19 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 26 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 27 disease disease NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 28 2019 2019 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 30 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 123 32 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 1 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 2 literature literature NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 3 review review NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 4 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 5 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 6 pandemic pandemic NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 7 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 8 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 9 comprehensive comprehensive JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 10 review review NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 11 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 12 taxonomy taxonomy NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 13 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 14 genetics genetics NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 15 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 16 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 17 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 18 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 19 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 20 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 21 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 22 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 23 control control VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 24 Enhanced enhanced JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 25 isolation isolation NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 26 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 27 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 28 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 29 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 30 by by IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 31 TMPRSS2-expressing tmprss2-expresse VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 32 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 33 Rapid rapid JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 34 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 35 automated automate VBD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 36 tetrazolium tetrazolium NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 37 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 38 based base VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 39 colorimetric colorimetric JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 40 assay assay NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 41 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 42 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 43 detection detection NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 44 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 45 anti anti JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 46 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 47 HIV hiv JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 124 48 compounds compound NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 1 A a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 2 randomized randomized JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 3 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 4 double double JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 5 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 6 blind blind JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 7 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 8 multicenter multicenter JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 9 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 10 phase phase NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 11 2b 2b CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 12 study study NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 13 to to TO cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 14 evaluate evaluate VB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 15 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 16 safety safety NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 17 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 18 efficacy efficacy NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 19 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 20 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 21 combination combination NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 22 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 23 tropifexor tropifexor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 24 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 25 cenicriviroc cenicriviroc NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 26 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 27 patients patient NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 28 with with IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 29 nonalcoholic nonalcoholic JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 30 steatohepatitis steatohepatitis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 31 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 32 liver liver NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 33 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 125 34 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 126 1 Study study NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 126 2 design design NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 126 3 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 126 4 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 126 5 TANDEM TANDEM NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 126 6 trial trial NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 1 A a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 2 review review NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 3 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 4 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 5 safety safety NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 6 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 7 favipiravir favipiravir NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 8 -a -a : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 9 potential potential JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 10 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 11 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 12 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 13 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 14 pandemic pandemic NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 127 15 ? ? . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 1 Development development NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 2 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 3 genetic genetic JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 4 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 5 methods method NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 6 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 7 novel novel JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 8 voronavirus voronavirus NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 9 Cenicriviroc Cenicriviroc NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 10 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 11 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 12 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 13 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 14 non non JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 15 - - JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 16 alcoholic alcoholic JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 17 steatohepatitis steatohepatitis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 18 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 19 liver liver NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 20 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 21 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 22 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 23 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 24 effectively effectively RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 25 inhibit inhibit VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 26 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 27 recently recently RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 28 emerged emerge VBN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 29 novel novel JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 30 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 32 2019-nCoV 2019-ncov CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 34 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 35 vitro vitro FW cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 36 Maraviroc Maraviroc NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 37 : : : cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 38 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 39 review review NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 40 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 41 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 42 use use NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 43 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 44 HIV HIV NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 45 infection infection NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 46 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 47 beyond beyond IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 48 Recent recent JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 49 developments development NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 50 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 51 CCR2 CCR2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 52 antagonists antagonist NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 53 Transcriptomic Transcriptomic NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 54 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 55 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 56 bronchoalveolar bronchoalveolar NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 57 lavage lavage NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 58 fluid fluid NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 59 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 60 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 61 blood blood NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 62 mononuclear mononuclear NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 63 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 64 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 65 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-308110-cco3aq4n 128 66 patients patient NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 1 The the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 2 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 3 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 4 treatment treatment NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 5 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 6 the the DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 7 ` ` `` cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 8 Cytokine Cytokine NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 9 Storm Storm NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 10 ' ' '' cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 11 in in IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 12 COVID-19 COVID-19 , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 13 We -PRON- PRP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 14 thank thank VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 15 National National NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 16 Institutes Institutes NNPS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 17 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 18 Biomedical Biomedical NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 19 Innovation Innovation NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 20 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 21 Health Health NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 22 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 23 Nutrition Nutrition NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 24 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 25 National National NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 26 Institute Institute NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 27 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 28 Infectious Infectious NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 29 Diseases Diseases NNPS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 30 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 31 kindly kindly RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 32 providing provide VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 33 VeroE6 veroe6 NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 34 / / SYM cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 35 TMPRSS2 TMPRSS2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 36 cells cell NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 37 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 38 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 39 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 129 40 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 130 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 130 2 WK-521 wk-521 JJ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 130 3 strain strain NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 130 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-308110-cco3aq4n 130 5 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 130 6 respectively respectively RB cord-308110-cco3aq4n 130 7 . . . cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 1 Kagoshima Kagoshima NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 2 University University NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 3 is be VBZ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 4 applying apply VBG cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 5 for for IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 6 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 7 patent patent NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 8 of of IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 9 CVC CVC NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 10 as as IN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 11 a a DT cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 12 SARS SARS NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 13 - - HYPH cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 14 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 15 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 16 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 17 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 18 M.O. M.O. NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 19 , , , cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 20 M.T. M.T. NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 21 and and CC cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 22 M.B. M.B. NNP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 23 are be VBP cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 24 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 25 inventors inventor NNS cord-308110-cco3aq4n 131 26 . . .