Carrel name: journal-amJEmergMed-cord Creating study carrel named journal-amJEmergMed-cord Initializing database file: cache/cord-257535-v8dwkngi.json key: cord-257535-v8dwkngi authors: Sen-Crowe, Brendon; McKenney, Mark; Boneva, Dessy; Elkbuli, Adel title: A state overview of COVID19 spread, interventions and preparedness date: 2020-04-11 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.020 sha: doc_id: 257535 cord_uid: v8dwkngi file: cache/cord-264257-iu67n7qw.json key: cord-264257-iu67n7qw authors: Tsubokura, Masaharu; Nakada, Haruka; Matsumura, Tomoko; Kodama, Yuko; Kami, Masahiro title: The impact of H1N1 influenza A virus pandemic on the emergency medical service in Kobe date: 2010-02-12 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2009.10.013 sha: doc_id: 264257 cord_uid: iu67n7qw file: cache/cord-268526-gh9sy7sl.json key: cord-268526-gh9sy7sl authors: Hwang, Sung Yeon; Yoon, Hee; Yoon, Aerin; Kim, Taerim; Lee, Guntak; Jung, Kwang Yul; Park, Joo Hyun; Shin, Tae Gun; Cha, Won Chul; Sim, Min Seob; Kim, Seonwoo title: N95 filtering facepiece respirators do not reliably afford respiratory protection during chest compression: A simulation study date: 2019-03-27 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2019.03.041 sha: doc_id: 268526 cord_uid: gh9sy7sl file: cache/cord-258676-6kgxpcwc.json key: cord-258676-6kgxpcwc authors: Haleem, Abid; Javaid, Mohd; Vaishya, Raju; Deshmukh, S.G. title: Areas of academic research with the impact of COVID-19 date: 2020-04-15 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.022 sha: doc_id: 258676 cord_uid: 6kgxpcwc file: cache/cord-308807-9yggo5yk.json key: cord-308807-9yggo5yk authors: Zheng, DavidX.; Jella, Tarun K.; Mitri, Elie J.; Camargo, Carlos A. title: National analysis of COVID-19 and older emergency physicians date: 2020-11-04 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.10.074 sha: doc_id: 308807 cord_uid: 9yggo5yk file: cache/cord-258662-6y45gb0t.json key: cord-258662-6y45gb0t authors: Butt, Nausharwan; Arshid, Awais; Ahmad, Sarah Aftab; Khalid, Nauman; Kayani, Waleed Tallat title: Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 date: 2020-07-19 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.032 sha: doc_id: 258662 cord_uid: 6y45gb0t file: cache/cord-278413-vad80mg5.json key: cord-278413-vad80mg5 authors: Goldenberg, Matthew N.; Parwani, Vivek title: Psychiatric emergency department volume during Covid-19 pandemic date: 2020-06-01 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.088 sha: doc_id: 278413 cord_uid: vad80mg5 file: cache/cord-256688-yy7abob9.json key: cord-256688-yy7abob9 authors: Chavez, Summer; Long, Brit; Koyfman, Alex; Liang, Stephen Y. title: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A primer for emergency physicians date: 2020-03-24 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.036 sha: doc_id: 256688 cord_uid: yy7abob9 file: cache/cord-289684-rvbofsmb.json key: cord-289684-rvbofsmb authors: Fisher, Jennifer; Monette, Derek L.; Patel, Krupa R.; Kelley, Brendan P.; Kennedy, Maura title: COVID-19 associated parotitis: A case report date: 2020-06-27 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.059 sha: doc_id: 289684 cord_uid: rvbofsmb file: cache/cord-300132-lbbibqv3.json key: cord-300132-lbbibqv3 authors: Clifford, Christopher T.; Pour, Trevor R.; Freeman, Robert; Reich, David L.; Glicksberg, Benjamin S.; Levine, Matthew A.; Klang, Eyal title: Association between COVID-19 diagnosis and presenting chief complaint from New York City triage data date: 2020-11-07 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.11.006 sha: doc_id: 300132 cord_uid: lbbibqv3 file: cache/cord-286348-3p7gz8wi.json key: cord-286348-3p7gz8wi authors: Choudhary, Rahul; Sharma, Jai Bharat; Deora, Surender; Kaushik, Atul; Sanghvi, Sanjeev; Mathur, Rohit title: Impact of Covid-19 outbreak on clinical presentation of patients admitted for acute heart failure in India date: 2020-10-16 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.10.025 sha: doc_id: 286348 cord_uid: 3p7gz8wi file: cache/cord-318188-baat9464.json key: cord-318188-baat9464 authors: Park, Soo Hyun; Hwang, Sung Yeon; Lee, Guntak; Park, Jong Eun; Kim, Taerim; Shin, Tae Gun; Sim, Min Seob; Jo, Ik Joon; Kim, Seonwoo; Yoon, Hee title: Are loose-fitting powered air-purifying respirators safe during chest compression? A simulation study date: 2020-03-31 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.054 sha: doc_id: 318188 cord_uid: baat9464 file: cache/cord-333827-zpdnzwle.json key: cord-333827-zpdnzwle authors: Zhao, Jinqiu; Li, Xiaosong; Huang, Wenxiang; Zheng, Junyi title: Potential risk factors for case fatality rate of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in China: A pooled analysis of individual patient data date: 2020-08-17 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.039 sha: doc_id: 333827 cord_uid: zpdnzwle file: cache/cord-301623-uza6gu4r.json key: cord-301623-uza6gu4r authors: Moscarelli, Alessandra; Iozzo, Pasquale; Ippolito, Mariachiara; Catalisano, Giulia; Gregoretti, Cesare; Giarratano, Antonino; Baldi, Enrico; Cortegiani, Andrea title: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in prone position: A scoping review date: 2020-09-10 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.097 sha: doc_id: 301623 cord_uid: uza6gu4r file: cache/cord-255267-o8k5ep9y.json key: cord-255267-o8k5ep9y authors: Gan, Connie Cai Ru; Tseng, Yu-Chi; Lee, Feng-You; Lee, Kuan-I title: Personal ventilation hood for protecting healthcare workers from aerosol-transmissible diseases date: 2020-07-22 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.036 sha: doc_id: 255267 cord_uid: o8k5ep9y file: cache/cord-317784-fl9zbgad.json key: cord-317784-fl9zbgad authors: Senthilkumaran, Subramanian; Murugan, Koushik; Sanjay, Patne; Thirumalaikolundusubramanian, Ponniah title: Propofol in COVID 19 — From basic science to clinical impact date: 2020-07-09 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.011 sha: doc_id: 317784 cord_uid: fl9zbgad file: cache/cord-344136-k5gh0s6y.json key: cord-344136-k5gh0s6y authors: Ouyang, Lichen; Gong, Yeli; Zhu, Yan; Gong, Jie title: Association of acute kidney injury with the severity and mortality of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A meta-analysis date: 2020-09-02 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.089 sha: doc_id: 344136 cord_uid: k5gh0s6y file: cache/cord-310207-lfub6y5m.json key: cord-310207-lfub6y5m authors: Nanda, Satyan; Handa, Rahul; Prasad, Atul; Anand, Rajiv; Zutshi, Dhruv; Dass, Sujata K.; Bedi, Prabhjeet Kaur; Pahuja, Aarti; Shah, Pankaj Kumar; Sharma, Bipan title: Covid-19 associated Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Contrasting tale of four patients from a tertiary care centre in India date: 2020-09-16 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.029 sha: doc_id: 310207 cord_uid: lfub6y5m file: cache/cord-297671-3d3gcn6k.json key: cord-297671-3d3gcn6k authors: Venn, April M.R.; Schmidt, James M.; Mullan, Paul C. title: A case series of pediatric croup with COVID-19 date: 2020-09-15 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.034 sha: doc_id: 297671 cord_uid: 3d3gcn6k file: cache/cord-333797-six8wzxz.json key: cord-333797-six8wzxz authors: Heaney, Ashley I.; Griffin, Gregory D.; Simon, Erin L. title: Newly diagnosed diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis precipitated by COVID-19 infection date: 2020-06-06 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.114 sha: doc_id: 333797 cord_uid: six8wzxz file: cache/cord-265098-u5qssib9.json key: cord-265098-u5qssib9 authors: Fu, Xin-yan; Shen, Xiang-feng; Cheng, Yong-ran; Zhou, Meng-Yun; Ye, Lan; Feng, Zhan-hui; Xu, Zhao; Chen, Juan; Wang, Ming-Wei; Zhang, Xing-wei title: Effect of COVID-19 outbreak on the treatment time of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction date: 2020-09-17 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.038 sha: doc_id: 265098 cord_uid: u5qssib9 file: cache/cord-322887-md446f9p.json key: cord-322887-md446f9p authors: Carver, Catherine; Jones, Nicholas title: Cardiac injury and ARDS meta-analysis validity – Correspondence in response to Santoso et al. date: 2020-06-27 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.028 sha: doc_id: 322887 cord_uid: md446f9p file: cache/cord-312623-ktswh3fu.json key: cord-312623-ktswh3fu authors: Werthman-Ehrenreich, Amanda title: Mucormycosis with orbital compartment syndrome in a patient with COVID-19 date: 2020-09-16 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.032 sha: doc_id: 312623 cord_uid: ktswh3fu file: cache/cord-290684-3f6prlqy.json key: cord-290684-3f6prlqy authors: Duan, Jun; Chen, Baixu; Liu, Xiaoyi; Shu, Weiwei; Zhao, Wei; Li, Ji; Li, Yishi; Hong, Yueling; Pan, Longfang; Wang, Ke title: Use of high-flow nasal cannula and noninvasive ventilation in patients with COVID-19: A multicenter observational study date: 2020-07-29 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.071 sha: doc_id: 290684 cord_uid: 3f6prlqy file: cache/cord-268049-7xqln70d.json key: cord-268049-7xqln70d authors: Montrief, Tim; Ramzy, Mark; Long, Brit; Gottlieb, Michael; Hercz, Dan title: COVID-19 respiratory support in the emergency department setting date: 2020-08-08 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.001 sha: doc_id: 268049 cord_uid: 7xqln70d file: cache/cord-350045-85jug39x.json key: cord-350045-85jug39x authors: Pruc, Michal; Golik, Dawid; Szarpak, Lukasz; Adam, Ishag; Smereka, Jacek title: Risk of coronavirus infections among medical personnel date: 2020-05-08 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.017 sha: doc_id: 350045 cord_uid: 85jug39x file: cache/cord-338863-0jlp9lb4.json key: cord-338863-0jlp9lb4 authors: Huecker, Martin; Shreffler, Jacob; Danzl, Daniel title: COVID-19: Optimizing healthcare provider wellness and posttraumatic growth date: 2020-08-27 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.066 sha: doc_id: 338863 cord_uid: 0jlp9lb4 file: cache/cord-339864-rv5zw972.json key: cord-339864-rv5zw972 authors: Reihani, Hamidreza; Ghassemi, Mateen; Mazer-Amirshahi, Maryann; Aljohani, Bandar; Pourmand, Ali title: Non-evidenced based treatment: An unintended cause of morbidity and mortality related to COVID-19 date: 2020-05-06 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.001 sha: doc_id: 339864 cord_uid: rv5zw972 file: cache/cord-298640-zwg8ueyb.json key: cord-298640-zwg8ueyb authors: Smereka, Jacek; Szarpak, Lukasz title: The use of personal protective equipment in the COVID-19 pandemic era date: 2020-04-15 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.028 sha: doc_id: 298640 cord_uid: zwg8ueyb file: cache/cord-263753-p3evgngz.json key: cord-263753-p3evgngz authors: Magoon, Rohan title: Dexmedetomidine in COVID-19: probing promises with prudence! date: 2020-10-27 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.10.034 sha: doc_id: 263753 cord_uid: p3evgngz file: cache/cord-334705-vclkuink.json key: cord-334705-vclkuink authors: Sokas, Claire M.; Berrigan, Margaret T.; Fligor, Scott C.; Fleishman, Aaron J.; Raven, Kristin E.; Rodrigue, James R. title: Is social distancing keeping patients from the ED?() date: 2020-07-16 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.025 sha: doc_id: 334705 cord_uid: vclkuink file: cache/cord-338814-r9ym1h3m.json key: cord-338814-r9ym1h3m authors: Li, Yan; Zhang, Kai title: Using social media for telemedicine during the COVID-19 epidemic date: 2020-08-17 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.007 sha: doc_id: 338814 cord_uid: r9ym1h3m file: cache/cord-330704-4piesfxu.json key: cord-330704-4piesfxu authors: Avdeev, Sergey N.; Yaroshetskiy, Andrey I.; Tsareva, Natalia A.; Merzhoeva, Zamira M.; Trushenko, Natalia V.; Nekludova, Galina V.; Chikina, Svetlana Yu title: Noninvasive ventilation for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19 date: 2020-10-01 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.075 sha: doc_id: 330704 cord_uid: 4piesfxu file: cache/cord-345510-togrmvlk.json key: cord-345510-togrmvlk authors: Kinney, Brad; Slama, Richard title: Rapid outdoor non-compression intubation (RONCI) of cardiac arrests to mitigate COVID-19 exposure to emergency department staff date: 2020-05-27 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.080 sha: doc_id: 345510 cord_uid: togrmvlk file: cache/cord-316513-dbzj101e.json key: cord-316513-dbzj101e authors: Sen-Crowe, Brendon; McKenney, Mark; Elkbuli, Adel title: Utilizing technology as a method of contact tracing and surveillance to minimize the risk of contracting COVID-19 infection date: 2020-07-04 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.003 sha: doc_id: 316513 cord_uid: dbzj101e file: cache/cord-338922-wew3hety.json key: cord-338922-wew3hety authors: Miller, Kelsey A.; Mannix, Rebekah; Schmitz, Gillian; Monuteaux, Michael C.; Lee, Lois title: Impact of COVID-19 on professional and personal responsibilities of Massachusetts physicians date: 2020-08-27 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.051 sha: doc_id: 338922 cord_uid: wew3hety file: cache/cord-333872-shhugvx0.json key: cord-333872-shhugvx0 authors: Kumar, Jitendra; Khatana, P.S.; Raina, Rajni title: The conundrum of rising Covid19 infection among health care workers: An emerging paradigm date: 2020-07-04 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.001 sha: doc_id: 333872 cord_uid: shhugvx0 file: cache/cord-336005-nm34bfsl.json key: cord-336005-nm34bfsl authors: Mahan, Keenan; Kabrhel, Christopher; Goldsmith, Andrew J. title: Abdominal pain in a patient with COVID-19 infection: A case of multiple thromboemboli date: 2020-05-26 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.054 sha: doc_id: 336005 cord_uid: nm34bfsl file: cache/cord-350473-f47i7y5h.json key: cord-350473-f47i7y5h authors: Sen-Crowe, Brendon; McKenney, Mark; Elkbuli, Adel title: COVID-19 laboratory testing issues and capacities as we transition to surveillance testing and contact tracing date: 2020-05-27 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.071 sha: doc_id: 350473 cord_uid: f47i7y5h file: cache/cord-344120-7t5ce2hb.json key: cord-344120-7t5ce2hb authors: Baroutjian, Amanda; Sanchez, Carol; Boneva, Dessy; McKenney, Mark; Elkbuli, Adel title: SARS-CoV-2 pharmacologic therapies and their safety/effectiveness according to level of evidence date: 2020-09-01 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.091 sha: doc_id: 344120 cord_uid: 7t5ce2hb file: cache/cord-311353-ozqfsuh8.json key: cord-311353-ozqfsuh8 authors: Sun, Chun-Yang; Sun, Ya-Lei; Li, Xin-Min title: The role of Chinese medicine in COVID-19 pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-07-08 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.069 sha: doc_id: 311353 cord_uid: ozqfsuh8 file: cache/cord-344154-j5jjl0ok.json key: cord-344154-j5jjl0ok authors: Kandil, Manar; Jaber, Sabrin; Desai, Dharati; Cruz, Stephany Nunez; Lomotan, Nadine; Ahmad, Uzma; Cirone, Michael; Burkins, Jaxson; McDowell, Marc title: MAGraine: Magnesium compared to conventional therapy for treatment of migraines date: 2020-09-14 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.033 sha: doc_id: 344154 cord_uid: j5jjl0ok file: cache/cord-286977-330p60oh.json key: cord-286977-330p60oh authors: Barcala-Furelos, Roberto; Szpilman, David; Abelairas-Gómez, Cristian; Calvete, Alejandra Alonso; Graña, María Domínguez; Martínez-Isasi, Santiago; Palacios-Aguilar, José; Rodríguez-Núñez, Antonio title: Plastic blanket drowning kit: A protection barrier to immediate resuscitation at the beach in the Covid-19 era. A pilot study. date: 2020-09-16 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.101 sha: doc_id: 286977 cord_uid: 330p60oh file: cache/cord-352656-hpuhjbki.json key: cord-352656-hpuhjbki authors: Cohen, Brett A.; Wessling, Emily G.; Serina, Peter T.; Cruz, Daniel S.; Kim, Howard S.; McCarthy, Danielle M.; Loftus, Timothy M. title: Emergency department operations in a large health system during COVID-19 date: 2020-06-02 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.097 sha: doc_id: 352656 cord_uid: hpuhjbki file: cache/cord-253657-fminkpas.json key: cord-253657-fminkpas authors: Maslanka, Maciej; Smereka, Jacek; Czyzewski, Lukasz; Ladny, Jerzy Robert; Dabrowski, Marek; Szarpak, Lukasz title: Vie scope® laryngoscope versus Macintosh laryngoscope with personal protective equipment during intubation of COVID-19 resuscitation patient date: 2020-09-04 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.085 sha: doc_id: 253657 cord_uid: fminkpas file: cache/cord-341527-03rh966o.json key: cord-341527-03rh966o authors: Stockton, John; Kyle-Sidell, Cameron title: Dexmedetomidine and worsening hypoxemia in the setting of COVID-19: A case report date: 2020-05-27 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.066 sha: doc_id: 341527 cord_uid: 03rh966o file: cache/cord-334416-4tslee57.json key: cord-334416-4tslee57 authors: Sen-Crowe, Brendon; McKenney, Mark; Elkbuli, Adel title: Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Staying home save lives date: 2020-04-02 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.063 sha: doc_id: 334416 cord_uid: 4tslee57 file: cache/cord-349355-k48s9sum.json key: cord-349355-k48s9sum authors: Janssen, Joris; Kamps, Marlijn J.A.; Joosten, Tamara M.B.; Barten, Dennis G. title: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a male adult with COVID-19 pneumonia date: 2020-07-30 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.066 sha: doc_id: 349355 cord_uid: k48s9sum file: cache/cord-349561-4mkiwg9k.json key: cord-349561-4mkiwg9k authors: Porta, Alessandra Della; Bornstein, Kasha; Coye, Austin; Montrief, Tim; Long, Brit; Parris, Mehruba Anwar title: Acute chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine toxicity: A review for emergency clinicians date: 2020-07-19 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.030 sha: doc_id: 349561 cord_uid: 4mkiwg9k file: cache/cord-341060-otvoo99j.json key: cord-341060-otvoo99j authors: Alharthy, Abdulrahman; Faqihi, Fahad; Papanikolaou, John; Balhamar, Abdullah; Blaivas, Mike; Memish, Ziad A.; Karakitsos, Dimitrios title: Thrombolysis in severe COVID-19 pneumonia with massive pulmonary embolism date: 2020-07-30 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.068 sha: doc_id: 341060 cord_uid: otvoo99j file: cache/cord-353698-gj8sx3zy.json key: cord-353698-gj8sx3zy authors: Bibiano-Guillen, C.; Arias-Arcos, B.; Collado-Escudero, C.; Mir-Montero, M.; Corella-Montoya, F.; Torres-Macho, J.; Buendía-Garcia, M.J.; Larrainzar-Garijo, R. title: Adapted Diving Mask (ADM) device as respiratory support with oxygen output during COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-10-28 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.10.043 sha: doc_id: 353698 cord_uid: gj8sx3zy file: cache/cord-354468-bew35s8q.json key: cord-354468-bew35s8q authors: Margus, Colton; Sondheim, Samuel E.; Peck, Nathan M.; Storch, Bess; Ngai, Ka Ming; Ho, Hsi En; She, Trent title: Discharge in pandemic: Suspected Covid-19 patients returning to the Emergency Department within 72 hours for admission date: 2020-08-18 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.034 sha: doc_id: 354468 cord_uid: bew35s8q file: cache/cord-027892-5ik9f6nx.json key: cord-027892-5ik9f6nx authors: So, Mitsuhito; Hifumi, Toru; Isokawa, Shutaro; Shimizu, Masato; Otani, Norio; Ishimatsu, Shinichi title: The authors' response: A diagnostic confusion between serotonin syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome date: 2020-06-25 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.048 sha: doc_id: 27892 cord_uid: 5ik9f6nx file: cache/cord-268840-m3fp9q3p.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-268840-m3fp9q3p authors: Sahu, Ankit Kumar; Mathew, Roshan; Bhoi, Sanjeev; Sinha, Tej Prakash; Nayer, Jamshed; Aggarwal, Praveen title: Lung sonographic findings in COVID-19 patients date: 2020-09-04 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.080 sha: doc_id: 268840 cord_uid: m3fp9q3p file: cache/cord-254919-fi3inp67.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable key: cord-254919-fi3inp67 authors: Molina, Melanie F.; Al Saud, Ahad A.; Al Mulhim, Abdullah A.; Liteplo, Andrew S.; Shokoohi, Hamid title: Nitrous oxide inhalant abuse and massive pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 date: 2020-05-16 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.023 sha: doc_id: 254919 cord_uid: fi3inp67 file: cache/cord-338855-1hfj8qj9.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable key: cord-338855-1hfj8qj9 authors: Dr Adylle Varon, L.; Varon, Daryelle S.; Varon, Joseph title: Traditional chinese medicine and COVID-19: should emergency practitioners use it? date: 2020-07-03 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.076 sha: doc_id: 338855 cord_uid: 1hfj8qj9 file: cache/cord-322778-a411t2wg.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-322778-a411t2wg authors: Skalidis, Ioannis; Nguyen, Vinh Kim; Bothorel, Hugo; Poli, Lauriane; Da Costa, Rui Ribeiro; Younossian, Alain Bigin; Petriccioli, Nicole; Kherad, Omar title: Unenhanced computed tomography (CT) utility for triage at the emergency department during COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-07-28 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.058 sha: doc_id: 322778 cord_uid: a411t2wg file: cache/cord-322297-euqmv6rw.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-322297-euqmv6rw authors: Kim, Sung Hyun; Shin, Sang Do; Song, Kyoung Jun; Ro, Young Sun; Kong, So Yeon; Kim, Jeongeun; Ko, Seo Young; Lee, Sun Young title: Association between ambient PM(2.5) and emergency department visits for psychiatric emergency diseases() date: 2018-11-24 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2018.11.034 sha: doc_id: 322297 cord_uid: euqmv6rw file: cache/cord-294736-ji4jz3h6.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-294736-ji4jz3h6 authors: Beşler, Muhammed Said; Arslan, Halil title: Acute myocarditis associated with COVID-19 infection() date: 2020-06-02 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.100 sha: doc_id: 294736 cord_uid: ji4jz3h6 file: cache/cord-333176-6v7ficfk.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-333176-6v7ficfk authors: Snell, Jonathan title: SARS-CoV-2 infection and its association with thrombosis and ischemic stroke: A review COVID-19, thrombosis, and ischemic stroke date: 2020-09-30 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.072 sha: doc_id: 333176 cord_uid: 6v7ficfk file: cache/cord-293535-9bj5ev1a.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-293535-9bj5ev1a authors: Wang, Yushu; Ao, Guangyu; Qi, Xin; Zeng, Jian title: The influence of corticosteroid on patients with COVID-19 infection: A meta-analysis date: 2020-06-23 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.040 sha: doc_id: 293535 cord_uid: 9bj5ev1a file: cache/cord-349909-hmyv1nep.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-349909-hmyv1nep authors: Misa, Nana-Yaa; Perez, Berenice; Basham, Kellie; Fisher-Hobson, Essence; Butler, Brittany; King, Kolette; White, Douglas A.E.; Anderson, Erik S. title: Racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19 disease burden & mortality among emergency department patients in a safety net health system date: 2020-09-24 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.053 sha: doc_id: 349909 cord_uid: hmyv1nep Reading metadata file and updating bibliogrpahics === updating bibliographic database Building study carrel named journal-amJEmergMed-cord === file2bib.sh === id: cord-258662-6y45gb0t author: Butt, Nausharwan title: Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 date: 2020-07-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-258662-6y45gb0t.txt cache: ./cache/cord-258662-6y45gb0t.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-258662-6y45gb0t.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-308807-9yggo5yk author: Zheng, DavidX. title: National analysis of COVID-19 and older emergency physicians date: 2020-11-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-308807-9yggo5yk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-308807-9yggo5yk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-308807-9yggo5yk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-289684-rvbofsmb author: Fisher, Jennifer title: COVID-19 associated parotitis: A case report date: 2020-06-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-289684-rvbofsmb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-289684-rvbofsmb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-289684-rvbofsmb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-264257-iu67n7qw author: Tsubokura, Masaharu title: The impact of H1N1 influenza A virus pandemic on the emergency medical service in Kobe date: 2010-02-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-264257-iu67n7qw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-264257-iu67n7qw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 166 resourceName b'cord-264257-iu67n7qw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-257535-v8dwkngi author: Sen-Crowe, Brendon title: A state overview of COVID19 spread, interventions and preparedness date: 2020-04-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-257535-v8dwkngi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-257535-v8dwkngi.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-257535-v8dwkngi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-278413-vad80mg5 author: Goldenberg, Matthew N. title: Psychiatric emergency department volume during Covid-19 pandemic date: 2020-06-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-278413-vad80mg5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-278413-vad80mg5.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-278413-vad80mg5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-300132-lbbibqv3 author: Clifford, Christopher T. title: Association between COVID-19 diagnosis and presenting chief complaint from New York City triage data date: 2020-11-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-300132-lbbibqv3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-300132-lbbibqv3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-300132-lbbibqv3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-350045-85jug39x author: Pruc, Michal title: Risk of coronavirus infections among medical personnel date: 2020-05-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-350045-85jug39x.txt cache: ./cache/cord-350045-85jug39x.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-350045-85jug39x.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-286348-3p7gz8wi author: Choudhary, Rahul title: Impact of Covid-19 outbreak on clinical presentation of patients admitted for acute heart failure in India date: 2020-10-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-286348-3p7gz8wi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-286348-3p7gz8wi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-286348-3p7gz8wi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-317784-fl9zbgad author: Senthilkumaran, Subramanian title: Propofol in COVID 19 — From basic science to clinical impact date: 2020-07-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-317784-fl9zbgad.txt cache: ./cache/cord-317784-fl9zbgad.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 1 resourceName b'cord-317784-fl9zbgad.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-258676-6kgxpcwc author: Haleem, Abid title: Areas of academic research with the impact of COVID-19 date: 2020-04-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-258676-6kgxpcwc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-258676-6kgxpcwc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-258676-6kgxpcwc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-310207-lfub6y5m author: Nanda, Satyan title: Covid-19 associated Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Contrasting tale of four patients from a tertiary care centre in India date: 2020-09-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-310207-lfub6y5m.txt cache: ./cache/cord-310207-lfub6y5m.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-310207-lfub6y5m.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-027892-5ik9f6nx author: So, Mitsuhito title: The authors' response: A diagnostic confusion between serotonin syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome date: 2020-06-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-027892-5ik9f6nx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-027892-5ik9f6nx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-027892-5ik9f6nx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-298640-zwg8ueyb author: Smereka, Jacek title: The use of personal protective equipment in the COVID-19 pandemic era date: 2020-04-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-298640-zwg8ueyb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-298640-zwg8ueyb.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-298640-zwg8ueyb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344136-k5gh0s6y author: Ouyang, Lichen title: Association of acute kidney injury with the severity and mortality of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A meta-analysis date: 2020-09-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344136-k5gh0s6y.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344136-k5gh0s6y.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-344136-k5gh0s6y.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-345510-togrmvlk author: Kinney, Brad title: Rapid outdoor non-compression intubation (RONCI) of cardiac arrests to mitigate COVID-19 exposure to emergency department staff date: 2020-05-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-345510-togrmvlk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-345510-togrmvlk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-345510-togrmvlk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-316513-dbzj101e author: Sen-Crowe, Brendon title: Utilizing technology as a method of contact tracing and surveillance to minimize the risk of contracting COVID-19 infection date: 2020-07-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-316513-dbzj101e.txt cache: ./cache/cord-316513-dbzj101e.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-316513-dbzj101e.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-333797-six8wzxz author: Heaney, Ashley I. title: Newly diagnosed diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis precipitated by COVID-19 infection date: 2020-06-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-333797-six8wzxz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-333797-six8wzxz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-333797-six8wzxz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-268526-gh9sy7sl author: Hwang, Sung Yeon title: N95 filtering facepiece respirators do not reliably afford respiratory protection during chest compression: A simulation study date: 2019-03-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-268526-gh9sy7sl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-268526-gh9sy7sl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-268526-gh9sy7sl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-330704-4piesfxu author: Avdeev, Sergey N. title: Noninvasive ventilation for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19 date: 2020-10-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-330704-4piesfxu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-330704-4piesfxu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-330704-4piesfxu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-254919-fi3inp67 author: Molina, Melanie F. title: Nitrous oxide inhalant abuse and massive pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 date: 2020-05-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-254919-fi3inp67.txt cache: ./cache/cord-254919-fi3inp67.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-254919-fi3inp67.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338814-r9ym1h3m author: Li, Yan title: Using social media for telemedicine during the COVID-19 epidemic date: 2020-08-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338814-r9ym1h3m.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338814-r9ym1h3m.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-338814-r9ym1h3m.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-297671-3d3gcn6k author: Venn, April M.R. title: A case series of pediatric croup with COVID-19 date: 2020-09-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-297671-3d3gcn6k.txt cache: ./cache/cord-297671-3d3gcn6k.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-297671-3d3gcn6k.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-336005-nm34bfsl author: Mahan, Keenan title: Abdominal pain in a patient with COVID-19 infection: A case of multiple thromboemboli date: 2020-05-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-336005-nm34bfsl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-336005-nm34bfsl.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 1 resourceName b'cord-336005-nm34bfsl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-349355-k48s9sum author: Janssen, Joris title: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a male adult with COVID-19 pneumonia date: 2020-07-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-349355-k48s9sum.txt cache: ./cache/cord-349355-k48s9sum.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-349355-k48s9sum.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-253657-fminkpas author: Maslanka, Maciej title: Vie scope® laryngoscope versus Macintosh laryngoscope with personal protective equipment during intubation of COVID-19 resuscitation patient date: 2020-09-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-253657-fminkpas.txt cache: ./cache/cord-253657-fminkpas.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-253657-fminkpas.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-341527-03rh966o author: Stockton, John title: Dexmedetomidine and worsening hypoxemia in the setting of COVID-19: A case report date: 2020-05-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-341527-03rh966o.txt cache: ./cache/cord-341527-03rh966o.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-341527-03rh966o.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-333872-shhugvx0 author: Kumar, Jitendra title: The conundrum of rising Covid19 infection among health care workers: An emerging paradigm date: 2020-07-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-333872-shhugvx0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-333872-shhugvx0.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-333872-shhugvx0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-341060-otvoo99j author: Alharthy, Abdulrahman title: Thrombolysis in severe COVID-19 pneumonia with massive pulmonary embolism date: 2020-07-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-341060-otvoo99j.txt cache: ./cache/cord-341060-otvoo99j.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-341060-otvoo99j.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338922-wew3hety author: Miller, Kelsey A. title: Impact of COVID-19 on professional and personal responsibilities of Massachusetts physicians date: 2020-08-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338922-wew3hety.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338922-wew3hety.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-338922-wew3hety.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-350473-f47i7y5h author: Sen-Crowe, Brendon title: COVID-19 laboratory testing issues and capacities as we transition to surveillance testing and contact tracing date: 2020-05-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-350473-f47i7y5h.txt cache: ./cache/cord-350473-f47i7y5h.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-350473-f47i7y5h.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-322887-md446f9p author: Carver, Catherine title: Cardiac injury and ARDS meta-analysis validity – Correspondence in response to Santoso et al. date: 2020-06-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-322887-md446f9p.txt cache: ./cache/cord-322887-md446f9p.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-322887-md446f9p.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-333176-6v7ficfk author: Snell, Jonathan title: SARS-CoV-2 infection and its association with thrombosis and ischemic stroke: A review COVID-19, thrombosis, and ischemic stroke date: 2020-09-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-333176-6v7ficfk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-333176-6v7ficfk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-333176-6v7ficfk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-263753-p3evgngz author: Magoon, Rohan title: Dexmedetomidine in COVID-19: probing promises with prudence! date: 2020-10-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-263753-p3evgngz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-263753-p3evgngz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-263753-p3evgngz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-311353-ozqfsuh8 author: Sun, Chun-Yang title: The role of Chinese medicine in COVID-19 pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-07-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-311353-ozqfsuh8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-311353-ozqfsuh8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 1 resourceName b'cord-311353-ozqfsuh8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-293535-9bj5ev1a author: Wang, Yushu title: The influence of corticosteroid on patients with COVID-19 infection: A meta-analysis date: 2020-06-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-293535-9bj5ev1a.txt cache: ./cache/cord-293535-9bj5ev1a.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-293535-9bj5ev1a.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-312623-ktswh3fu author: Werthman-Ehrenreich, Amanda title: Mucormycosis with orbital compartment syndrome in a patient with COVID-19 date: 2020-09-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-312623-ktswh3fu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-312623-ktswh3fu.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-312623-ktswh3fu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318188-baat9464 author: Park, Soo Hyun title: Are loose-fitting powered air-purifying respirators safe during chest compression? A simulation study date: 2020-03-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318188-baat9464.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318188-baat9464.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-318188-baat9464.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-301623-uza6gu4r author: Moscarelli, Alessandra title: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in prone position: A scoping review date: 2020-09-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-301623-uza6gu4r.txt cache: ./cache/cord-301623-uza6gu4r.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-301623-uza6gu4r.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-265098-u5qssib9 author: Fu, Xin-yan title: Effect of COVID-19 outbreak on the treatment time of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction date: 2020-09-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-265098-u5qssib9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-265098-u5qssib9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-265098-u5qssib9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-334705-vclkuink author: Sokas, Claire M. title: Is social distancing keeping patients from the ED?() date: 2020-07-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-334705-vclkuink.txt cache: ./cache/cord-334705-vclkuink.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-334705-vclkuink.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-352656-hpuhjbki author: Cohen, Brett A. title: Emergency department operations in a large health system during COVID-19 date: 2020-06-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-352656-hpuhjbki.txt cache: ./cache/cord-352656-hpuhjbki.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-352656-hpuhjbki.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353698-gj8sx3zy author: Bibiano-Guillen, C. title: Adapted Diving Mask (ADM) device as respiratory support with oxygen output during COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-10-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353698-gj8sx3zy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353698-gj8sx3zy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-353698-gj8sx3zy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338855-1hfj8qj9 author: Dr Adylle Varon, L. title: Traditional chinese medicine and COVID-19: should emergency practitioners use it? date: 2020-07-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338855-1hfj8qj9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338855-1hfj8qj9.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-338855-1hfj8qj9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-290684-3f6prlqy author: Duan, Jun title: Use of high-flow nasal cannula and noninvasive ventilation in patients with COVID-19: A multicenter observational study date: 2020-07-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-290684-3f6prlqy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-290684-3f6prlqy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-290684-3f6prlqy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-255267-o8k5ep9y author: Gan, Connie Cai Ru title: Personal ventilation hood for protecting healthcare workers from aerosol-transmissible diseases date: 2020-07-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-255267-o8k5ep9y.txt cache: ./cache/cord-255267-o8k5ep9y.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-255267-o8k5ep9y.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-268840-m3fp9q3p author: Sahu, Ankit Kumar title: Lung sonographic findings in COVID-19 patients date: 2020-09-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-268840-m3fp9q3p.txt cache: ./cache/cord-268840-m3fp9q3p.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-268840-m3fp9q3p.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-294736-ji4jz3h6 author: Beşler, Muhammed Said title: Acute myocarditis associated with COVID-19 infection() date: 2020-06-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-294736-ji4jz3h6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-294736-ji4jz3h6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-294736-ji4jz3h6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-333827-zpdnzwle author: Zhao, Jinqiu title: Potential risk factors for case fatality rate of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in China: A pooled analysis of individual patient data date: 2020-08-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-333827-zpdnzwle.txt cache: ./cache/cord-333827-zpdnzwle.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-333827-zpdnzwle.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-339864-rv5zw972 author: Reihani, Hamidreza title: Non-evidenced based treatment: An unintended cause of morbidity and mortality related to COVID-19 date: 2020-05-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-339864-rv5zw972.txt cache: ./cache/cord-339864-rv5zw972.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-339864-rv5zw972.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344154-j5jjl0ok author: Kandil, Manar title: MAGraine: Magnesium compared to conventional therapy for treatment of migraines date: 2020-09-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344154-j5jjl0ok.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344154-j5jjl0ok.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-344154-j5jjl0ok.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-322297-euqmv6rw author: Kim, Sung Hyun title: Association between ambient PM(2.5) and emergency department visits for psychiatric emergency diseases() date: 2018-11-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-322297-euqmv6rw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-322297-euqmv6rw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-322297-euqmv6rw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-322778-a411t2wg author: Skalidis, Ioannis title: Unenhanced computed tomography (CT) utility for triage at the emergency department during COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-07-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-322778-a411t2wg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-322778-a411t2wg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-322778-a411t2wg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-349909-hmyv1nep author: Misa, Nana-Yaa title: Racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19 disease burden & mortality among emergency department patients in a safety net health system date: 2020-09-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-349909-hmyv1nep.txt cache: ./cache/cord-349909-hmyv1nep.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-349909-hmyv1nep.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-286977-330p60oh author: Barcala-Furelos, Roberto title: Plastic blanket drowning kit: A protection barrier to immediate resuscitation at the beach in the Covid-19 era. A pilot study. date: 2020-09-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-286977-330p60oh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-286977-330p60oh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-286977-330p60oh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338863-0jlp9lb4 author: Huecker, Martin title: COVID-19: Optimizing healthcare provider wellness and posttraumatic growth date: 2020-08-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338863-0jlp9lb4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338863-0jlp9lb4.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-338863-0jlp9lb4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-334416-4tslee57 author: Sen-Crowe, Brendon title: Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Staying home save lives date: 2020-04-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-334416-4tslee57.txt cache: ./cache/cord-334416-4tslee57.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-334416-4tslee57.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-354468-bew35s8q author: Margus, Colton title: Discharge in pandemic: Suspected Covid-19 patients returning to the Emergency Department within 72 hours for admission date: 2020-08-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-354468-bew35s8q.txt cache: ./cache/cord-354468-bew35s8q.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-354468-bew35s8q.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-268049-7xqln70d author: Montrief, Tim title: COVID-19 respiratory support in the emergency department setting date: 2020-08-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-268049-7xqln70d.txt cache: ./cache/cord-268049-7xqln70d.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-268049-7xqln70d.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344120-7t5ce2hb author: Baroutjian, Amanda title: SARS-CoV-2 pharmacologic therapies and their safety/effectiveness according to level of evidence date: 2020-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344120-7t5ce2hb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344120-7t5ce2hb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-344120-7t5ce2hb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-256688-yy7abob9 author: Chavez, Summer title: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A primer for emergency physicians date: 2020-03-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-256688-yy7abob9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-256688-yy7abob9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-256688-yy7abob9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-349561-4mkiwg9k author: Porta, Alessandra Della title: Acute chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine toxicity: A review for emergency clinicians date: 2020-07-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-349561-4mkiwg9k.txt cache: ./cache/cord-349561-4mkiwg9k.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-349561-4mkiwg9k.txt' Que is empty; done journal-amJEmergMed-cord === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-264257-iu67n7qw author = Tsubokura, Masaharu title = The impact of H1N1 influenza A virus pandemic on the emergency medical service in Kobe date = 2010-02-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1350 sentences = 86 flesch = 56 summary = title: The impact of H1N1 influenza A virus pandemic on the emergency medical service in Kobe To investigate the impacts of the H1N1 influenza pandemic on EMS, we studied the situation of EMS during the epidemic provided by the emergency paramedics. The number of hospitals with which the paramedics negotiated for patients' transfer was comparable between the 2 periods ( Fig. 3 and Table 1 ), whereas the sojourn time at the site was prolonged in the postepidemic period (mean, 17.0 minutes; range, 4.0-70 minutes) compared with the preepidemic period (mean, 14.0 minutes; range, 1.0Fig. 1 The number of febrile patients who called an ambulance remained unchanged during the study period. Considering that the number of hospitals with which the paramedics negotiated for patients' transfer was comparable between the 2 periods, this extra time was required to provide the hospitalists with precise information on febrile patients, including symptoms and records of oversea travel. cache = ./cache/cord-264257-iu67n7qw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-264257-iu67n7qw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-257535-v8dwkngi author = Sen-Crowe, Brendon title = A state overview of COVID19 spread, interventions and preparedness date = 2020-04-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1032 sentences = 74 flesch = 59 summary = In mid-March Washington state took measures to limit the spread of infection, by closing educational facilities, closing non-essential services, and a stay at home order (SAHO) 7 . After March 25 th the fatality rate increased slightly, and then showed a decreasing trend and lower percent increase in new cases ( Figure 2 ). However, their percent increase in cases over the past two weeks has decreased comparably to states in which a SAHO was in effect earlier ( Figure 2 ). To address the first issue, an executive order was issued, allowing the state to increase J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f hospital capacity 14 . The new rules allow for patient transfers to ambulatory surgery centers, freeing hospital beds for the critically ill 19 There is an association between implementing social distancing and a lowering of the percent increase of cases. During Coronavirus Briefing, Governor Cuomo Issues Executive Order Allowing State to Increase Hospital Capacity. cache = ./cache/cord-257535-v8dwkngi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-257535-v8dwkngi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-268526-gh9sy7sl author = Hwang, Sung Yeon title = N95 filtering facepiece respirators do not reliably afford respiratory protection during chest compression: A simulation study date = 2019-03-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3034 sentences = 169 flesch = 49 summary = Then, the participants performed three sessions of continuous chest compressions, each with a duration of 2 min, while undergoing real-time fit testing. CONCLUSIONS: Even if the participants passed the QNFT, the N95 respirator did not provide adequate protection against respiratory infections during chest compression. Thus, we compared the respirator failure (FF < 100) rates during chest compression between a partially passed group (the overall fit factor was adequate, but at least one specific exercise was failed; the PPG) and an all passed group (group that passed all exercises: the APG). Therefore, our findings are clinically significant in terms of the safety of HCWs who are at high risk for airborne disease transmission during chest compression even when wearing adequately fit-tested N95 respirators. This study indicated that N95 respirators may not provide consistent protection against respiratory infection for HCWs. The QNFT failure rates during chest compression after the user-seal-check did not differ between the two groups. cache = ./cache/cord-268526-gh9sy7sl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-268526-gh9sy7sl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-258676-6kgxpcwc author = Haleem, Abid title = Areas of academic research with the impact of COVID-19 date = 2020-04-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1351 sentences = 87 flesch = 56 summary = SARS-CoV-2 is the name of the virus responsible for causing COVID-19 disease, which is highly infectious and lethal.With exponentially increasing infections, proportionate fatalities are being reported both from developed and under developed countries. Hence, there is an urgent requirement for conducting academic research on several aspects of this highly contagious disease, to find effective means of containment and treatment of the disease, for now, and in future. We have identified some opportunities for academic research related to COVID-19 and have also provided suggestions to contain, prevent and treat this viral infection. There is an urgent need to identify and study the areas of academic research which will be impacted by COVID-19 [3] . COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency of international concern.It has posed new challenges to the global research community. With the help of academic research, there is a need for a better understanding of the COVID-19 and its socio-economic ramifications on society. cache = ./cache/cord-258676-6kgxpcwc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-258676-6kgxpcwc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-258662-6y45gb0t author = Butt, Nausharwan title = Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 date = 2020-07-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 114 sentences = 17 flesch = 47 summary = key: cord-258662-6y45gb0t authors: Butt, Nausharwan; Arshid, Awais; Ahmad, Sarah Aftab; Khalid, Nauman; Kayani, Waleed Tallat title: Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 date: 2020-07-19 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.032 sha: doc_id: 258662 cord_uid: 6y45gb0t nan In summary, COVID-19 is associated with significant cardiovascular complications which may also include pericarditis, pericardial effusion and Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy. Further larger studies are required to evaluate this association. Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 detection in the pericardial fluid of a patient with cardiac tamponade COVID-19 (SARS-Cov-2) and the heart -An ominous association All authors have no sources of funding to disclose The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. cache = ./cache/cord-258662-6y45gb0t.txt txt = ./txt/cord-258662-6y45gb0t.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-308807-9yggo5yk author = Zheng, DavidX. title = National analysis of COVID-19 and older emergency physicians date = 2020-11-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 609 sentences = 33 flesch = 53 summary = On October 23, 2020, the U.S. reached a new pandemic record of 83,010 daily cases, 1 and all signs point toward an impending "second wave" or "third surge." Given the association between advanced age and COVID-19 severity, 2 our objective was to compare the geographic distribution of U.S. EPs age  60 years to the cumulative distribution of confirmed COVID-19 cases, to highlight the potential risks faced by this vulnerable population of clinicians. Emergency departments could also amend operations to prioritize reduction of nosocomial transmission risk among advanced age EPs (e.g., allocating critically limited PPE to higher-risk physicians, geographically cohorting patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection within an emergency department). States were grouped into color-coordinated quintiles based on relative proportion of older EPs, and cumulative COVID-19 case volumes were adjusted with a logarithmic scale to create proportionally-sized data points. cache = ./cache/cord-308807-9yggo5yk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-308807-9yggo5yk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-278413-vad80mg5 author = Goldenberg, Matthew N. title = Psychiatric emergency department volume during Covid-19 pandemic date = 2020-06-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 881 sentences = 58 flesch = 63 summary = title: Psychiatric emergency department volume during Covid-19 pandemic One commonly reported phenomenon in the first months of the Covid-19 era in the United States has been the reduction in emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations of patients with heart attacks, strokes and other acute, non-Covid illnesses. The psychiatric emergency service (PES) is staffed 24 hours per day and treats patients 16 years and older. At YNHH, PES and overall ED volumes for January, February and early March 2020 were similar to prior years (see Table 1 ). PES volume decreased less than overall ED volume, suggesting that patients may be less willing or able to defer their need for acute psychiatric care as opposed to other acute medical care. That the rate of hospitalization of psychiatric patients was just slightly higher than prior years may indicate that the overall acuity in PES was similar to previous years. cache = ./cache/cord-278413-vad80mg5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-278413-vad80mg5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-256688-yy7abob9 author = Chavez, Summer title = Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A primer for emergency physicians date = 2020-03-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6416 sentences = 374 flesch = 48 summary = DISCUSSION: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for causing COVID-19, is primarily transmitted from person-to-person through close contact (approximately 6 ft) by respiratory droplets. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), previously referred to as 2019-nCoV, is the virus responsible for causing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] . An emergency medicine approach to COVID-19 should focus on identifying and isolating patients at risk for infection, informing hospital infection prevention and local public health authorities, and engaging infectious disease and other specialists early in care. Emergency physicians should obtain a detailed travel history from all patients and suspect COVID-19 in patients presenting with symptoms of an acute upper respiratory illness and fever. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Home care for patients with suspected novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection presenting with mild symptoms and management of contacts cache = ./cache/cord-256688-yy7abob9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-256688-yy7abob9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-289684-rvbofsmb author = Fisher, Jennifer title = COVID-19 associated parotitis: A case report date = 2020-06-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1089 sentences = 70 flesch = 41 summary = We present a case report of a woman infected with COVID-19 and diagnosed with parotitis. The patient was prescribed a course of amoxicillin/clavulanate to J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f treat a possible concomitant bacterial parotitis and advised to apply warm compresses, massage the gland, use sialagogues to increase salivary flow and stay hydrated. Typically, viral parotitis is characterized by a prodrome of flu-like symptoms followed 2-4 days later by gradual swelling of the bilateral parotid glands, though unilateral involvement is seen in up to 25% of cases [6, 7] . Physical exam findings in suppurative parotitis include induration and tenderness of the parotid gland and purulent discharge from the duct orifice with massaging the gland [6, 7] . While we believe this was a viral-induced parotitis, given the unilateral presentation we treated her for possible bacterial co-infection. At the time we evaluated this patient there were no reports of COVID-19 associated parotitis. cache = ./cache/cord-289684-rvbofsmb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-289684-rvbofsmb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-300132-lbbibqv3 author = Clifford, Christopher T. title = Association between COVID-19 diagnosis and presenting chief complaint from New York City triage data date = 2020-11-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2830 sentences = 163 flesch = 58 summary = title: Association between COVID-19 diagnosis and presenting chief complaint from New York City triage data Conclusion: A novel high risk COVID-19 patient population was identified from chief complaint data, which is different from current suggested CDC guidelines, and may help triage systems to better isolate COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: A novel high risk COVID-19 patient population was identified from chief complaint data, which is different from current suggested CDC guidelines, and may help triage systems to better isolate COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between different triage chief complaints and COVID-19 status by retroactively looking at a large set of COVID-19 RT-PCR testing done in the ED. It is important for physicians in the ED to test elderly patients for COVID-19 if they present with atypical chief complaints as described above in order to reduce spread of the disease amongst a vulnerable population and increase quality of care. cache = ./cache/cord-300132-lbbibqv3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-300132-lbbibqv3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-286348-3p7gz8wi author = Choudhary, Rahul title = Impact of Covid-19 outbreak on clinical presentation of patients admitted for acute heart failure in India date = 2020-10-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1874 sentences = 94 flesch = 53 summary = We analysed demographic, clinical, echocardiographic and outcome parameters in patients admitted for AHF during the study period of 16 weeks (March 25 to July 14, 2020; starting from the day when lockdown was imposed by Government of India) and compared this data with a control period of 16 weeks (Dec 05, 2019 to March 24, 2020; when there was no lockdown and number of COVID-19 attributed death ≤10). We analysed demographic, clinical, echocardiographic and outcome parameters in patients admitted for AHF during the study period of 16 weeks (March 25 to July 14, 2020; starting from the day when lockdown was imposed by Government of India) and compared this data with a control period of 16 weeks (Dec 05, 2019 to March 24, 2020; when there was no lockdown and number of COVID-19 attributed death ≤10). cache = ./cache/cord-286348-3p7gz8wi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-286348-3p7gz8wi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318188-baat9464 author = Park, Soo Hyun title = Are loose-fitting powered air-purifying respirators safe during chest compression? A simulation study date = 2020-03-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3708 sentences = 193 flesch = 52 summary = We investigated the protective effect and usefulness of loose-fitting powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) during chest compression. We measured the concentrations of ambient aerosol and particles inside the loose-fitting PAPR during chest compression, and this ratio was set as the simulated workplace protecting factor (SWPF). The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of loose-fitting PAPRs during chest compressions. We measured the concentrations of ambient aerosol and particles inside the loose-fitting PAPR's hood during chest compression, and this ratio was set as the simulated workplace protecting factor (SWPF). A previous simulation study showed that the N95 respirator failed to provide sufficient protection, with the fit factor falling below 100 in 73% of participants during chest compressions [7] . In this study, most participants (81%) did not think that the loose-fitting PAPR interfered with the ability to perform chest compression. In conclusion, the loose-fitting PAPRs provided sufficient respiratory protection and comfort during chest compression. cache = ./cache/cord-318188-baat9464.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318188-baat9464.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-301623-uza6gu4r author = Moscarelli, Alessandra title = Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in prone position: A scoping review date = 2020-09-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3386 sentences = 175 flesch = 44 summary = This scoping review aimed to summarize the available evidence on cardiopulmonary resuscitation in prone position ('reverse CPR') and knowledge or research gaps to be further evaluated. RESULTS: We included 1 study on manikins, 31 case reports (29 during surgery requiring prone position) and 2 nonrandomized studies describing reverse CPR. This scoping review aimed to summarize the available evidence on the cardiopulmonary resuscitation in prone position ("reverse CPR") and to highlight possible knowledge or research gaps to be further evaluated. We collected data regarding the type of study (e.g. design and country), population characteristics at baseline (e.g. age, main disease), setting (e.g. operatory room, ICU), occurred events (e.g. rhythm and cause of the cardiac arrest), intervention (e.g. prone or standard CPR) and outcomes (e.g. mortality, return of spontaneous circulation -ROSC). cache = ./cache/cord-301623-uza6gu4r.txt txt = ./txt/cord-301623-uza6gu4r.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-317784-fl9zbgad author = Senthilkumaran, Subramanian title = Propofol in COVID 19 — From basic science to clinical impact date = 2020-07-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 454 sentences = 31 flesch = 41 summary = However, recently [3] it was demonstrated that propofol infusion increases ACE2 mediated conversion of angiotensin II to angiotensin, which results in a fall in angiotensin II levels and an elevation of angiotensin 1 to7; and these exhibit protective effects of lungs by way of recovery of endothelial cell function via an up-regulation of ACE2-Ang -Mas axis, subsequent to phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase to generate NO, and regulation of apoptosis-related protein such as bcl-2, caspase9. Propofol prevents human umbilical vein endothelial cell injury from ang II-induced apoptosis by activating the ACE2-(1-7)-Mas axis and eNOS phosphorylation Propofol stimulates nitric oxide release from cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells Effects of propofol on endothelial cells subjected to a peroxynitrite donor Effects of propofol on hemodynamic and inflammatory responses to endotoxemia in rats cache = ./cache/cord-317784-fl9zbgad.txt txt = ./txt/cord-317784-fl9zbgad.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344136-k5gh0s6y author = Ouyang, Lichen title = Association of acute kidney injury with the severity and mortality of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A meta-analysis date = 2020-09-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2410 sentences = 151 flesch = 51 summary = RESULTS: In 41 studies with 10,335 COVID-19 patients, the serum creatinine (sCr) in severe cases was much higher than that in non-severe cases (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.29–0.39), with a similar trend for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (SMD = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.51–0.81), hematuria (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.15–2.19), and proteinuria (OR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.58–5.38). Pooled analysis of four studies among 792 COVID-19 patients revealed that the incidence of AKI was statistically higher in non-survival group (30.72%) compared with survival group Our meta-analysis including 14094 subjects from 52 studies explored the potential relationship between renal impairment as well as AKI and the clinical outcome J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Journal Pre-proof (severity and mortality) of COVID-19 patients. Clinical characteristics of fatal and recovered cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study Clinical characteristics of patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in a non-Wuhan area of Hubei Province, China: a retrospective study cache = ./cache/cord-344136-k5gh0s6y.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344136-k5gh0s6y.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-310207-lfub6y5m author = Nanda, Satyan title = Covid-19 associated Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Contrasting tale of four patients from a tertiary care centre in India date = 2020-09-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1314 sentences = 82 flesch = 51 summary = title: Covid-19 associated Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Contrasting tale of four patients from a tertiary care centre in India OBJECTIVE: In this brief communication we report four cases of Covid-19 who presented to our hospital with features suggestive of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS). DISCUSSION: The mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 causes neurologic damage are multifaceted, including direct damage to specific receptors, cytokine-related injury, secondary hypoxia, and retrograde travel along nerve fibres. One patient who presented with respiratory complaints and X-ray changes along with neurological deficits continued to deteriorate even after starting treatment for both GBS and Covid-19, and eventually succumbed to the disease. All our patients developed features of GBS, 5-10 days after the onset of Covid-19 symptoms, which is similar to the interval seen with Guillain-Barré syndrome that occurs secondary to other infections [9] . Atypical clinical presentation of COVID-19: a case of Guillain-Barrè Syndrome related to SARS-Cov-2 infection cache = ./cache/cord-310207-lfub6y5m.txt txt = ./txt/cord-310207-lfub6y5m.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-297671-3d3gcn6k author = Venn, April M.R. title = A case series of pediatric croup with COVID-19 date = 2020-09-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2360 sentences = 153 flesch = 59 summary = We describe three previously healthy children, admitted from our emergency department (ED) to our free-standing children's hospital, as the first documented cases of croup as a manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. All three cases (ages 11 months, 2 years, and 9 years old) presented with non-specific upper-respiratory-tract symptoms that developed into a barky cough with associated stridor at rest and respiratory distress. The novel 2019 coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, responsible for COVID-19 disease, commonly presents in children with fever, cough or shortness of breath. [7] After an electronic health record database review, we describe this ca 1 se series of our ED's only three cases, between March 1, 2020 and July 31, 2020, of children who received nebulized racemic epinephrine (NRE) and had a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection. [15] Pediatric croup patients who received ≥3 NRE in one children's hospital were more likely to need intensive care management. cache = ./cache/cord-297671-3d3gcn6k.txt txt = ./txt/cord-297671-3d3gcn6k.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-333797-six8wzxz author = Heaney, Ashley I. title = Newly diagnosed diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis precipitated by COVID-19 infection date = 2020-06-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 900 sentences = 71 flesch = 64 summary = J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f COVID-19 infections and diabetes have been linked since early reports identified patients with diabetes mellitus having worse clinical outcomes. 2 However, there has only been one case reported on COVID-19 infection precipitating a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type II. Testing in the ED revealed hyperglycemia, anion gap metabolic acidosis and ketonuria which confirmed the patient to be in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). We report a case of DKA precipitated by Covid-19 in a patient with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus. There has been one prior case report of DKA and new onset diabetes mellitus in the setting of COVID-19 infection. Patients with elevated blood sugar and no history of diabetes should be evaluated for the possibility of new onset diabetes mellitus and DKA, especially in the setting of concomitant COVID-19 infection. Diabetic ketoacidosis precipitated by Covid-19 in a patient with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus cache = ./cache/cord-333797-six8wzxz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-333797-six8wzxz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-265098-u5qssib9 author = Fu, Xin-yan title = Effect of COVID-19 outbreak on the treatment time of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction date = 2020-09-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1355 sentences = 80 flesch = 55 summary = title: Effect of COVID-19 outbreak on the treatment time of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of COVID-19 outbreak on the treatment time of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in Hangzhou, China. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of STEMI patients admitted to the Hangzhou Chest Pain Center (CPC) during a COVID-19 epidemic period in 2020 (24 cases) and the same period in 2019 (29 cases). Cumulative mortality was showed in Kaplan-Meier survival curves after the surgery in the 2020 group was significantly different higher than the 2019 group during the 28 days.The diagnosis and treatment process of STEMI patients during an epidemic should be optimized to improve their prognosis. Suggestions on management strategies for ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) combined with novel coronavirus infection Impact of symptom onset to first medical contact time on the prognosis of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction cache = ./cache/cord-265098-u5qssib9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-265098-u5qssib9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-322887-md446f9p author = Carver, Catherine title = Cardiac injury and ARDS meta-analysis validity – Correspondence in response to Santoso et al. date = 2020-06-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 540 sentences = 28 flesch = 55 summary = This paper was of note to us because it included a meta-analysis on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and cardiac injury, based on two papers -one by Shi (2) and another by Wu (3). On reading the paper by Wu, we have significant concerns about the inclusion of this study in Santoso's meta-analysis as we believe it currently underpins an inaccurate conclusion that cardiac injury is not significantly associated with increased risk of ARDS in COVID-19 by Santoso. However, from what we currently have access to, it seems most likely that Santoso's meta-analysis for ARDS has been based on composite endpoint data. Moreover, the conclusion of Santoso runs counter to Shi's JAMA Cardiology paper, which was the other paper included in Santoso's meta-analysis, which did report on purely ARDS cases and cardiac injury and did find a statistically significant association. Cardiac injury is associated with mortality and critically ill pneumonia in COVID-19: A meta-analysis cache = ./cache/cord-322887-md446f9p.txt txt = ./txt/cord-322887-md446f9p.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-312623-ktswh3fu author = Werthman-Ehrenreich, Amanda title = Mucormycosis with orbital compartment syndrome in a patient with COVID-19 date = 2020-09-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1436 sentences = 98 flesch = 39 summary = title: Mucormycosis with orbital compartment syndrome in a patient with COVID-19 I describe a novel case of COVID-19 in a previously healthy 33-year-old female who presented for altered mental status and proptosis. I describe a novel case of COVID-19 in a previously healthy 33-year-old female who presented for altered mental status and proptosis. She was ultimately diagnosed with mucormycosis and orbital compartment syndrome, in addition to COVID-19. Herein I present a case of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis in a patient who presented to the Emergency Department with altered mental status, proptosis, and COVID-19 infection. The most common clinical presentation of mucormycosis is rhino-orbital-cerebral infection, believed to be secondary to inhalation of spores into the paranasal sinuses of a susceptible host [1] . Seventy percent of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis cases have been found to be in patients with diabetes mellitus, most of whom had also developed ketoacidosis at the time of presentation. cache = ./cache/cord-312623-ktswh3fu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-312623-ktswh3fu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-290684-3f6prlqy author = Duan, Jun title = Use of high-flow nasal cannula and noninvasive ventilation in patients with COVID-19: A multicenter observational study date = 2020-07-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2818 sentences = 185 flesch = 62 summary = title: Use of high-flow nasal cannula and noninvasive ventilation in patients with COVID-19: A multicenter observational study BACKGROUND: The use of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in patients with COVID-19 is debated. CONCLUSIONS: In critically ill patients with COVID-19 who used HFNC and NIV as first-line therapy, the duration of HFNC + NIV, intubation rate and mortality did not differ between two groups. The Asian Critical Care Clinical Trials Group has suggested that the HFNC and NIV only can be used in COVID-19 patients with mild acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [21] . cache = ./cache/cord-290684-3f6prlqy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-290684-3f6prlqy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-268049-7xqln70d author = Montrief, Tim title = COVID-19 respiratory support in the emergency department setting date = 2020-08-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5197 sentences = 337 flesch = 45 summary = DISCUSSION: Patients presenting with SARS-CoV-2 infection are at high risk for acute respiratory failure requiring airway management. [29] [30] [31] [32] Based on currently available evidence, the WHO states that "HFNC and NIV systems with good interface fitting do not create widespread dispersion of exhaled air and therefore should be associated with [a] low risk of airborne transmission." 15 The risk of respiratory pathogen transmission when using HFNC is subject to a variety of factors, including the duration of support, maximal flow rate, patient sneezing or coughing, cannula fit, and patient cooperation. 35 Many guidelines, including those by Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS), the WHO, and the Surviving Sepsis Campaign recommend the use of HFNC in COVID-19 patients presenting with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure unresponsive to conventional oxygen therapy. 20 Notably, the SCCM guidelines on the management of critically ill patients with COVID-19 recommend "a trial of NIV with close monitoring and shortinterval assessment for worsening of respiratory failure" if HFNC is not available and there is no urgent indication for intubation. cache = ./cache/cord-268049-7xqln70d.txt txt = ./txt/cord-268049-7xqln70d.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338863-0jlp9lb4 author = Huecker, Martin title = COVID-19: Optimizing healthcare provider wellness and posttraumatic growth date = 2020-08-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1251 sentences = 82 flesch = 40 summary = A systematic review found that 53% of individuals who endure trauma experienced PTG (4), enjoying greater life satisfaction, happiness, psychological, emotional, and even physical wellbeing (5) . While COVID-19 has already resulted in negative outcomes for HCWs, individuals can still strive for greater appreciation of life, improved self-esteem, and positive approaches to daily responsibilities (16) . Mindfulness interventions facilitate self-awareness and presence, with studies repeatedly demonstrating positive effects of meditation on sleep and other mental and physical health outcomes (30) . Effect of Positive Psychological Intervention on Posttraumatic Growth among Primary Healthcare Workers in China: A Preliminary Prospective Study Psychological impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on healthcare workers in China. Preserving mental health and resilience in frontline healthcare workers during COVID-19. Mental health problems faced by healthcare workers due to the COVID-19 pandemic-A review Mental health care for medical staff and affiliated healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic cache = ./cache/cord-338863-0jlp9lb4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338863-0jlp9lb4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-350045-85jug39x author = Pruc, Michal title = Risk of coronavirus infections among medical personnel date = 2020-05-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 632 sentences = 40 flesch = 65 summary = Due to the current situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, we can predict how the morbidity of health care workers will develop based on data on other viruses from the coronavirus group. In global research on SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, it can be seen that a very large percentage of the number of infected people are health professionals struggling with them in various medical facilities. In the Netherlands a survey was conducted from 6-8 March 2020 on 1097 health care workers, among whom the percentage of infected was 4.1%. 4 Currently, the total number of infected healthcare workers on SARS-CoV-2 is unknown due to the steadily increasing number of infections and the lack of global data on the problem. The data on SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV can predict how much health care workers may be infected despite the lack of up-to-date data on SARS-CoV-2. Risks to healthcare workers with emerging diseases: lessons from MERS-CoV, Ebola, SARS, and avian flu cache = ./cache/cord-350045-85jug39x.txt txt = ./txt/cord-350045-85jug39x.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-333827-zpdnzwle author = Zhao, Jinqiu title = Potential risk factors for case fatality rate of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in China: A pooled analysis of individual patient data date = 2020-08-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2780 sentences = 171 flesch = 55 summary = title: Potential risk factors for case fatality rate of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in China: A pooled analysis of individual patient data This study aims to perform the meta-analysis of risk factors for the case fatality rate (CFR) of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). After comparing the patients between fatal cases and non-fatal cases, several important factors are found to significantly increase the CFR in patients with COVID-19, and include the age ranging 60–70 (OR = 1.85; 95% CI = 1.62 to 2.11; P < .00001) and especially≥70 (OR = 8.45; 95% CI = 7.47 to 9.55; P < .00001), sex of male (OR = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.30 to 2.73; P = .0008), occupation of retirees (OR = 4.27; 95% CI = 2.50 to 7.28; P < .00001), and severe cases (OR = 691.76; 95% CI = 4.82 to 99,265.63; P = .01). cache = ./cache/cord-333827-zpdnzwle.txt txt = ./txt/cord-333827-zpdnzwle.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-339864-rv5zw972 author = Reihani, Hamidreza title = Non-evidenced based treatment: An unintended cause of morbidity and mortality related to COVID-19 date = 2020-05-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1011 sentences = 60 flesch = 50 summary = In Iran, social media accounts circulated false stories of curing COVID-19 by drinking high-proof alcohol, poisoning over 2,000 people due to the inadvertent consumption of methanol with bleach to hide its color [5] . In Madagascar, President Andry Rojoelina launched an herbal coronavirus "cure" produced from the artemisia plant, yet the WHO stated that the tonic is not evidence-based and is potentially toxic [9] . These herbal formulas contain a combination of many herbs and the exact proprietary mixture is not available, posing a major health risk to patients due to their potential toxicity, contamination, or adulteration [10] . The implications of medicating with herbal-based formulas is serious and dangerous because there is no scientific evidence suggesting that these alternative remedies can prevent or cure COVID-19. The spread of nonevidence-based COVID-19 treatments or cures will undoubtedly worsen the magnitude of the pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-339864-rv5zw972.txt txt = ./txt/cord-339864-rv5zw972.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-298640-zwg8ueyb author = Smereka, Jacek title = The use of personal protective equipment in the COVID-19 pandemic era date = 2020-04-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 800 sentences = 44 flesch = 41 summary = The use of personal protective equipment in the COVID-19 pandemic era American Journal of Emergency Medicine xxx (xxxx) xxx YAJEM-158899; No of Pages 2 At present, it is recommended to apply various types of equipment, including, in particular, partial protection of the environment through the use of surgical masks or ordinary face masks by persons with confirmed or potential SARS-CoV-2 infection; this may reduce the risk of infecting people in the environment, including medical personnel [3, 7] . At present, performing a number of procedures in emergency medicine is associated with additional problems and risks for medical personnel. Emergency physicians, anesthesiologists and intensive care specialists, as well as the relevant scientific societies issue recommendations concerning endotracheal intubation or other procedures dangerous for the medical personnel [1, 2] . COVID 19 a challenge for emergency medicine and every health care professional cache = ./cache/cord-298640-zwg8ueyb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-298640-zwg8ueyb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-263753-p3evgngz author = Magoon, Rohan title = Dexmedetomidine in COVID-19: probing promises with prudence! date = 2020-10-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 462 sentences = 28 flesch = 44 summary = While the peak DEX-doses >0.8 µg/kg/hr and daily cumulative DEX-doses >12.9 µg/kg/day have been described to be associated with an elevated withdrawal incidence [7] , lack of presentation of the contextual DEXdose administered in the COVID-19 patient featured in the Stockton and Kyle-Sidell case-report, captivates attention [1] . (iii) In addition, once on invasive mechanical ventilation, a precision approach to sedation in COVID-19 patients, as epitomized by Payen et al, appears to be prudent centralising the focus on inter-individual variability and synchronizing the level of ventilator support to the subsequent target of sedation, thereby directing the subsequent choice of sedative agents, including DEX [8, 9] . Dexmedetomidine and worsening hypoxemia in the setting of COVID-19: A case report Dexmedetomidine-Associated Hyperpyrexia in Three Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease Incidence of dexmedetomidine withdrawal in adult critically Ill patients: a pilot study Sedation for critically ill patients with COVID-19: Which specificities? cache = ./cache/cord-263753-p3evgngz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-263753-p3evgngz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-330704-4piesfxu author = Avdeev, Sergey N. title = Noninvasive ventilation for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19 date = 2020-10-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1728 sentences = 107 flesch = 53 summary = MATERIALS & METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and AHRF receiving NIV in general wards were recruited from two university-affiliated hospitals. However, there were major concerns that HFNC or NIV may create risks for health care workers (HCWs) because of SARS-CoV-2 transmission via aerosols [6] while the data on the efficacy of noninvasive modalities in COVID-19-associated AHRF are still limited [6] [7] [8] . This study suggests that the use of NIV is feasible in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19 outside intensive care unit and can be considered as an effective means to improve oxygenation in patients not responding to conventional oxygen therapy. In summary, we have shown that NIV is feasible in patients with COVID-19 with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure outside the intensive care unit, and it can be considered as a valuable option for the management of AHRF in these patients. cache = ./cache/cord-330704-4piesfxu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-330704-4piesfxu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-316513-dbzj101e author = Sen-Crowe, Brendon title = Utilizing technology as a method of contact tracing and surveillance to minimize the risk of contracting COVID-19 infection date = 2020-07-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 450 sentences = 35 flesch = 58 summary = title: Utilizing technology as a method of contact tracing and surveillance to minimize the risk of contracting COVID-19 infection A call for new methods of testing and surveillance on a large scale will be important if we hope to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections. On example is the Oura ring (Ooura Health Ltd.'s, Oulu, Finland) which can detect physiologic changes and alert the possibility of infection. For example, one study at West Virginia Univeristy, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute predicted symptoms 24 hours prior to onset based on physiologic changes detected by the Oura ring, and aim to achieve a 3-day forecast in the future. In addition, early detection and contact tracing has the potential to conserve hospital resources that have become scarce throughout the pandemic. CDC Diagnostic Test for COVID-19 WVU Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute and Oura Health unveil study to predict the outbreak of COVID-19 in healthcare professionals cache = ./cache/cord-316513-dbzj101e.txt txt = ./txt/cord-316513-dbzj101e.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338814-r9ym1h3m author = Li, Yan title = Using social media for telemedicine during the COVID-19 epidemic date = 2020-08-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 540 sentences = 39 flesch = 57 summary = title: Using social media for telemedicine during the COVID-19 epidemic As the first country to discover COVID-19, China has taken strict precautionary measures. The Chinese government strives to raise public awareness of prevention and protection by providing daily monitoring and updates on websites and social media [4] . Social media played an essential role during the COVID-19 epidemic. The government should support and encourage medical personnel to participate in science education on social media. Because the strict quarantine measures make it difficult for patients to see a doctor, it is urgent to establish an appropriate telemedicine and appointment system. The emergence of the virus pandemic will make the public health system and community health service institutions face special and lasting epidemic prevention situation. An investigation of transmission control measur es during the first 50 days of the COVID-19 epidemic in China Access to lifesaving medical resources for African countries: COVID-19 testing and response, ethics, and politics cache = ./cache/cord-338814-r9ym1h3m.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338814-r9ym1h3m.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344120-7t5ce2hb author = Baroutjian, Amanda title = SARS-CoV-2 pharmacologic therapies and their safety/effectiveness according to level of evidence date = 2020-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5264 sentences = 336 flesch = 53 summary = CONCLUSION: According to level 1 evidence reviewed here, the most effective SARS-Co-V-2 pharmacologic treatments include remdesivir for mild to severe disease, and a triple regimen therapy consisting of lopinavir-ritonavir, ribavirin and interferon beta-1b for mild to moderate disease. 20 Another randomized controlled open-label trial in 199 hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 with severe COVID-19 was done to compare the clinical effectiveness of lopinavir-ritonavir to standard care alone. According to the level 1 evidence reviewed here, the most effective treatments against SARS-CoV-2, measured by time to negative RT-PCR and time to clinical improvement, are remdesivir therapy and a triple medication regimen (lopinavir-ritonavir, ribavirin, and interferon beta-1b). First, in patients with severe COVID-19, treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir showed no significant difference in time to clinical improvement, mortality at day 28, or detectable viral load compared to standard care alone. cache = ./cache/cord-344120-7t5ce2hb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344120-7t5ce2hb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344154-j5jjl0ok author = Kandil, Manar title = MAGraine: Magnesium compared to conventional therapy for treatment of migraines date = 2020-09-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2551 sentences = 147 flesch = 51 summary = This study was a single-center, prospective, double-blinded, randomized-controlled, three-armed trial comparing magnesium, metoclopramide, and prochlorperazine for the treatment of migraine. 15 Secondary endpoints included change in pain score from baseline to 60 minutes and 120 minutes after initiation of infusion (as defined on a 11-point NRS), ED length of stay, and J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Journal Pre-proof necessity for rescue analgesia at any time following the study drug administration. No statistically significant differences in change in pain scores were found between all three treatment arms; however, a post hoc noninferiority analysis revealed that when compared to prochlorperazine and metoclopramide, IV magnesium was non-inferior ( figure 3) . The results of the MAGraine study demonstrated that IV magnesium sulfate, metoclopramide, and prochlorperazine were effective in decreasing pain scores for migraines at 30, 60, and 120 minutes, however one agent was not superior to the rest. cache = ./cache/cord-344154-j5jjl0ok.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344154-j5jjl0ok.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-253657-fminkpas author = Maslanka, Maciej title = Vie scope® laryngoscope versus Macintosh laryngoscope with personal protective equipment during intubation of COVID-19 resuscitation patient date = 2020-09-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 822 sentences = 55 flesch = 45 summary = title: Vie scope® laryngoscope versus Macintosh laryngoscope with personal protective equipment during intubation of COVID-19 resuscitation patient The aim of this study was to evaluate intubation performance by paramedics wearing PPE-AGP using Macintosh laryngoscope and Vie Scope® laryngoscope under simulated resuscitation of COVID-19 patient. The study participants then attended a 20-minute practical training course during which they performed endotracheal intubation using Vie Scope® under normal airway conditions. During the target study, paramedics dressed in full PPE-AGP were to perform endotracheal intubation with continuous chest compression. Endotracheal intubation was performed using Macintosh laryngoscope (MAC; blade no.3) as well as with Vie Scope® laryngoscope (VSC). In conclusion, under the conditions of intubation performed by paramedics wearing PPE-AGP with continuous chest compression, the results of the study indicate higher efficiency of intubation with Vie Scope® compared to Macintosh laryngoscope in terms of both the efficiency of the first intubation attempt and the time of the procedure. cache = ./cache/cord-253657-fminkpas.txt txt = ./txt/cord-253657-fminkpas.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-311353-ozqfsuh8 author = Sun, Chun-Yang title = The role of Chinese medicine in COVID-19 pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis date = 2020-07-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1650 sentences = 125 flesch = 50 summary = title: The role of Chinese medicine in COVID-19 pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis INTRODUCTION: Chinese medicine (CM) has been used to treat Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in China. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of CM in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia. CONCLUSION: According to the allocated data, CM has demonstrated clinical efficacy and safety on COVID-19 pneumonia, which need to be confirmed by high quality, multiple-center, large sample randomized controlled trials. Therefore, the meta-analysis method will be used to systematically review the clinical efficacy and safety of CM for COVID-19 pneumonia. Studies meeting the following criteria were included: (1) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using CM (including Chinese herbal medicine, Chinese patent medicine and Chinese medicine injections) to treat COVID-19 pneumonia regardless of J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f meta-analysis. cache = ./cache/cord-311353-ozqfsuh8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-311353-ozqfsuh8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-333872-shhugvx0 author = Kumar, Jitendra title = The conundrum of rising Covid19 infection among health care workers: An emerging paradigm date = 2020-07-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 575 sentences = 43 flesch = 67 summary = title: The conundrum of rising Covid19 infection among health care workers: An emerging paradigm Such asymptomatic infected HCWs can transmit infection unknowingly to the patients and other HCWs. At one of the London hospital, sample for RT-PCR testing for covid19 taken from asymptomatic and healthy HCWs at multiple point of time. In a total number of 1,479 health care worker's sample, 1.1% to 7.1% (at different point of time) were found positive for Covid19 [9] . COVID-19 and the Risk to Health Care Workers: A Case Report Death from Covid-19 of 23 Health Care Workers in China COVID-2019) Infection Among Health Care Workers and Implications for Prevention Measures in a Tertiary Hospital in Wuhan, China Healthcare workers & SARS-CoV-2 infection in India: A case-control investigation in the time of COVID-19 COVID-19: PCR screening of asymptomatic health-care workers at London hospital COVID-19: the case for health-care worker screening to prevent hospital transmission cache = ./cache/cord-333872-shhugvx0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-333872-shhugvx0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-349355-k48s9sum author = Janssen, Joris title = Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a male adult with COVID-19 pneumonia date = 2020-07-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 958 sentences = 64 flesch = 43 summary = Here we report a case of a 52 year old male who presented with a spontaneous pneumomediastinum in COVID-19 pneumonia, followed by a severe course of disease. Here we present a case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in COVID-19 pneumonia, and discuss the possible mechanism underlying this association as well as clinical implications. Furthermore, a recent case series described three cases of COVID-19 pneumonia that were complicated by spontaneous pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax, all of which were followed by a severe course of disease with fatal outcome [13] . J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Therefore, further research is warranted to assess whether spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an indicator of disease severity in COVID-19 pneumonia. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare complication of COVID-19 pneumonia and was associated with a severe course of disease in our patient. Future studies are warranted to assess whether spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an indicator of disease severity in COVID-19 pneumonia. cache = ./cache/cord-349355-k48s9sum.txt txt = ./txt/cord-349355-k48s9sum.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-341060-otvoo99j author = Alharthy, Abdulrahman title = Thrombolysis in severe COVID-19 pneumonia with massive pulmonary embolism date = 2020-07-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 913 sentences = 72 flesch = 48 summary = Keywords: COVID-19, massive pulmonary embolism, thrombolysis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, point-of-care ultrasound. Recently, a preliminary analysis of a large US cohort of critically ill patients with severe novel SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) has suggested the benefit of systemic anticoagulation on their J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f anticoagulation in patients with severe COVID-19, and Padua prediction score ≥4 or D-dimer>3.0 μg/mL has been previously suggested due to the increased occurrence of pulmonary embolism (PE) [3, 4] . Point-of-care-cardiac ultrasound modified four-chamber view (day-2) revealing a large thrombus in a dysfunctional right heart "en-route" to the pulmonary circulation in our critically ill COVID-19 patient. Point-of-care-cardiac ultrasound modified four-chamber view (day-5) depicting no thrombi in the right heart, and normalization of right ventricular function in our critically ill COVID-19 patient. Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy cache = ./cache/cord-341060-otvoo99j.txt txt = ./txt/cord-341060-otvoo99j.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-027892-5ik9f6nx author = So, Mitsuhito title = The authors' response: A diagnostic confusion between serotonin syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome date = 2020-06-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 510 sentences = 38 flesch = 54 summary = First, we could not describe the details of symptoms or the differential diagnosis in the text because of the word limit; therefore, we sincerely appreciate the authors/editors providing us the opportunity to describe the details of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) in patients with COVID-19 infection. The authors proposed a possible diagnosis of serotonin syndrome (SS) in our reported two cases of NMS following COVID-19 infection because both cases fulfilled the Sternbach's criteria of SS [1] . In case 1, hyperreactivity symptoms such as tremor and myoclonus were not observed. This patient had loose stools and watery stools since the time of admission, but no apparent improvement was observed even after the discontinuation of the causative drugs. In case 2, hyperreactivity and rigidity findings such as tremor and myoclonus were not recognized. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patients with COVID-19 Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patients with COVID-19 cache = ./cache/cord-027892-5ik9f6nx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-027892-5ik9f6nx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-354468-bew35s8q author = Margus, Colton title = Discharge in pandemic: Suspected Covid-19 patients returning to the Emergency Department within 72 hours for admission date = 2020-08-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4005 sentences = 234 flesch = 46 summary = title: Discharge in pandemic: Suspected Covid-19 patients returning to the Emergency Department within 72 hours for admission In this paper, we focus on ED disposition decision-making in New York City during the Covid-19 pandemic, by identifying patients suspected of Covid-19 who are discharged yet ultimately require hospital return and admission within 72 hours. Case subjects were identified as those patients suspected of Covid-19 and discharged from the ED but who returned to an ED within the system in 72 hours and required admission. This analysis of suspected Covid-19 patients aimed to describe key features of the initial ED visit that may ultimately influence the likelihood of ED return for admission within 72 hours of discharge. Prior to the emergence of Covid-19, several studies assessing return admission indicated associations with increasing age, disease severity, ambulance transport, gastrointestinal or infectious disease symptoms, and prolonged time in the ED. cache = ./cache/cord-354468-bew35s8q.txt txt = ./txt/cord-354468-bew35s8q.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-350473-f47i7y5h author = Sen-Crowe, Brendon title = COVID-19 laboratory testing issues and capacities as we transition to surveillance testing and contact tracing date = 2020-05-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1099 sentences = 91 flesch = 54 summary = The sensitivity of PCR tests have been estimated at 71%, resulting in ~30% of infected patients having a negative finding. The second type of test is serologic, which detects immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) specific for SARS-CoV-2 and provides an estimation of population virus exposure 4 . Many FDA-approved serologic tests have high sensitivity and specificity. To address the development of a reliable test, the Department of Health & Human Services (HHS) provided funding for the development of Simplexa COVID-19 Direct Assay and to QIAGEN to accelerate development of their RPS2 test 15 . Additionally, HHS is purchasing the ID NOW COVID-19 rapid point-of-care test (Abbott Diagnostics Scarborough Inc.) for public health labs (Table 1) 16 . Saliva is more sensitive for SARS-CoV-2 detection in COVID-19 patients than nasopharyngeal swabs cache = ./cache/cord-350473-f47i7y5h.txt txt = ./txt/cord-350473-f47i7y5h.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353698-gj8sx3zy author = Bibiano-Guillen, C. title = Adapted Diving Mask (ADM) device as respiratory support with oxygen output during COVID-19 pandemic date = 2020-10-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3320 sentences = 198 flesch = 52 summary = title: Adapted Diving Mask (ADM) device as respiratory support with oxygen output during COVID-19 pandemic The most extended therapeutic approach for COVID-19 is based on two main strategies [10] [11] [12] [13] : pharmacological treatment directed toward several physiological targets (viremia, immunological reactions, prothrombotic reactions) and hemodynamic and respiratory support with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in addition to mechanical ventilation. A descriptive case series study of twenty-five patients with acute respiratory syndrome secondary to SARS-CoV2 infection was performed at a Spanish center, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor of Madrid, between March 30 and April 18, 2020. Table 4 shows the different variables used to analyze the improvement in the intervention and the mean value of all oxygen saturation measurements for all days that ADM therapy was used in those patients who prolonged its time of use. cache = ./cache/cord-353698-gj8sx3zy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353698-gj8sx3zy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-345510-togrmvlk author = Kinney, Brad title = Rapid outdoor non-compression intubation (RONCI) of cardiac arrests to mitigate COVID-19 exposure to emergency department staff date = 2020-05-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1228 sentences = 85 flesch = 43 summary = title: Rapid outdoor non-compression intubation (RONCI) of cardiac arrests to mitigate COVID-19 exposure to emergency department staff The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced numerous challenges for Health Care Professionals including exposing Emergency Department (ED) staff to the SARS-CoV-2 virus during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). We propose a novel technique for rapid outdoor non-compression intubation (RONCI) of cardiac arrest patients while en route from the ambulance bay to the resuscitation bay to further decrease the risk of viral aerosolization. 5 We present a case of an outdoor non-compression intubation of a patient in cardiac arrest to minimize COVID-19 exposure to staff while still providing standard Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS). Non-compression intubation is suggested by ED resuscitation experts and the American Heart Association (AHA) to minimize COVID-19 exposure to staff. 5 The AHA recommends that the "provider…with the best chance of first-pass success" should perform the intubations in suspected COVID-19 infected patients in cardiac arrest. cache = ./cache/cord-345510-togrmvlk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-345510-togrmvlk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338922-wew3hety author = Miller, Kelsey A. title = Impact of COVID-19 on professional and personal responsibilities of Massachusetts physicians date = 2020-08-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 772 sentences = 66 flesch = 50 summary = title: Impact of COVID-19 on professional and personal responsibilities of Massachusetts physicians 4 This study examines changes in the professional status and personal responsibilities of physicians related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the stay-at-home advisories. They were selected to characterize effects of a single state's stay-at-home advisory among physicians with different clinical impacts from COVID-19. More men (28.9%) reported increased hours spent on professional responsibilities compared to women (15.9%, p=0.02). We report an early perspective of the personal and professional impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on EM and pediatric physicians. Our study supports concerns for increased professional gender disparities during the pandemic stayat-home advisory, 2 including fewer scientific publication submissions by women compared to men. 7 In our study, female physicians invested more time in child and household care and less time on selfcare and professional responsibilities, compared to men. cache = ./cache/cord-338922-wew3hety.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338922-wew3hety.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-286977-330p60oh author = Barcala-Furelos, Roberto title = Plastic blanket drowning kit: A protection barrier to immediate resuscitation at the beach in the Covid-19 era. A pilot study. date = 2020-09-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1706 sentences = 104 flesch = 59 summary = title: Plastic blanket drowning kit: A protection barrier to immediate resuscitation at the beach in the Covid-19 era. OBJECTIVE: Introducing a new, simple and inexpensive portable equipment for lifeguards, consisting of a pre-assembled full-size plastic blanket with a mask and HEPA filter, which could offer significant time-saving advantages to reduce COVID-19 risk transmission in the first few minutes of CPR after water rescue, avoiding the negative impact of delayed ventilation. METHOD: A pilot study was carried out to determine the feasibility of the pre-assembled kit of face-mask and HEPA filter adapted on a pre-set plastic-blanket. The PPE kit consists of a pre-assembled full-size transparent plastic blanket with an adaptation to a ventilation face mask with a High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter. Plastic blanket drowning kit: a protection barrier to immediate resuscitation at the beach in the Covid-19 era. cache = ./cache/cord-286977-330p60oh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-286977-330p60oh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-268840-m3fp9q3p author = Sahu, Ankit Kumar title = Lung sonographic findings in COVID-19 patients date = 2020-09-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2520 sentences = 163 flesch = 55 summary = Sonographic characteristics like bilateral lung involvement, B – profile, spared areas and confluent B – lines or waterfall sign were significantly associated (p < 0.01) with clinical severity (more frequent with increasing disease severity). [2] The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 patients range from asymptomatic to critical illness, which can include severe acute respiratory distress (ARDS) requiring ventilatory support [3] [4] [5] [6] . [12] Confirmed COVID-19 patients were categorised by the treating physician (also performed the ultrasound) according to their severity of illness according to Chinese CDC definitions (mild disease: patients with respiratory tract infection, not fulfilling criteria for severe and critical disease, severe disease: any of the following signs or symptoms like shortness of breath, respiratory rate > 30/min or oxygen saturation < 93%, and critical disease: patients requiring intensive care for organ failure or invasive ventilation) [11] . cache = ./cache/cord-268840-m3fp9q3p.txt txt = ./txt/cord-268840-m3fp9q3p.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-254919-fi3inp67 author = Molina, Melanie F. title = Nitrous oxide inhalant abuse and massive pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 date = 2020-05-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 694 sentences = 42 flesch = 51 summary = title: Nitrous oxide inhalant abuse and massive pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 A patient presented to the emergency department with altered mental status and lower extremity weakness in the setting of nitrous oxide inhalant abuse and Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection. Given the high concern for pulmonary embolism with the above findings, computed tomography (CT) was performed and analysis of 183 confirmed COVID-19 patients demonstrating an 11.5% death rate. This patient's coagulopathy may have been secondary to a combination of COVID-19 infection and N2O inhalant abuse leading to hyperhomocysteinemia. There are case reports illustrating a higher risk of VTE associated with chronic N2O inhalant abuse [6, 7] . Nitrous oxide leads to decreased Vitamin B12 levels with chronic abuse, which leads to increased homocysteinemia by inhibition of methionine synthase [7] . Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis caused by nitrous oxide abuse: A case report cache = ./cache/cord-254919-fi3inp67.txt txt = ./txt/cord-254919-fi3inp67.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-334416-4tslee57 author = Sen-Crowe, Brendon title = Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Staying home save lives date = 2020-04-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1039 sentences = 70 flesch = 58 summary = title: Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Staying home save lives With the incidence of COVID-19 increasing, it may only be time before the healthcare system becomes overwhelmed and forces physicians to triage treatment among critically ill patients. Social distancing is the practice of increasing the space between people in order to decrease the chance of spreading illness. Nationwide measures taken to minimize contact with potentially infected individuals include cancelling travel from China and Europe [10] . Social distancing has the potential to slow the rate of infection and reduce the peak of incidence, and then fewer critically ill patients would need care on any one day. Delaying the peak incidence to the summer holds potential for healthcare facilities to dedicate more resources to those ill with COVID-19. Social distancing is a realistic solution that all individuals can take part in to reduce the risk of infection while increasing available resources to critically ill patients, during this pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-334416-4tslee57.txt txt = ./txt/cord-334416-4tslee57.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-336005-nm34bfsl author = Mahan, Keenan title = Abdominal pain in a patient with COVID-19 infection: A case of multiple thromboemboli date = 2020-05-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 886 sentences = 68 flesch = 46 summary = Although there appears to be an increased incidence of thromboembolic disease in patients with COVID-19 infection, recommendations regarding anticoagulation are lacking. We present the case of a 61-year-old woman with clinically significant venous and arterial thromboemboli in the setting of COVID-19 infection requiring tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). In addition, there is no clear guidance as to whether anticoagulation should be initiated for emergency department (ED) patients with presumed COVID-19 and elevated D-dimer. The patient's CXR demonstrated bilateral peripheral opacities consistent with COVID-19 infection ( Figure 1 ) and her D-dimer returned elevated at 8,264ng/mL. Based on the patient's hypoxemia, persistent tachycardia, and marked D-dimer elevation, we ordered a CT pulmonary angiogram which revealed multiple filling defects in the thoracic and abdominal aorta representing thromboemboli as well as diffuse bilateral ground glass opacities in the lungs (Figure 2) . Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China cache = ./cache/cord-336005-nm34bfsl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-336005-nm34bfsl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-349561-4mkiwg9k author = Porta, Alessandra Della title = Acute chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine toxicity: A review for emergency clinicians date = 2020-07-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9231 sentences = 598 flesch = 44 summary = BACKGROUND: Acute chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine toxicity is characterized by a combination of direct cardiovascular effects and electrolyte derangements with resultant dysrhythmias and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Following the United States Food and Drug Administration emergency use authorization for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2, many additional clinical trials with randomization, blinding, and larger sample sizes were initiated to determine the benefit and risks. 59 While unlikely to occur in acute overdose, cardiomyopathy is described in case reports of patients presenting with chronic chloroquine and/or hydroxychloroquine toxicity. 59 While unlikely to occur in acute overdose, cardiomyopathy is described in case reports of patients presenting with chronic chloroquine and/or hydroxychloroquine toxicity. Although case report literature describes the finding in chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine use, the largest chart review to date examining these drugs in patients with G6PD noted no occurrence of hemolysis. cache = ./cache/cord-349561-4mkiwg9k.txt txt = ./txt/cord-349561-4mkiwg9k.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338855-1hfj8qj9 author = Dr Adylle Varon, L. title = Traditional chinese medicine and COVID-19: should emergency practitioners use it? date = 2020-07-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 361 sentences = 29 flesch = 59 summary = title: Traditional chinese medicine and COVID-19: should emergency practitioners use it? Classical herbal formulas, such as Yu Ping Feng San, Sang Ju Yin and Yin Qiao San, were highly sought out for prevention and treatment of In this issue of The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, Sun and coworkers present an adept metanalysis supporting the clinical efficacy and safety of using TCM herbal prescriptions for the treatment of COVID-19. For example, we are concerned that the depicted results reflect a steady state of illness, whereas in TCM, measures can vary depending on which herbal formulations are administered, and the stage or rate of infection in each patient. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment of COVID-19 The role of Chinese Medicine in COVID-19 pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis cache = ./cache/cord-338855-1hfj8qj9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338855-1hfj8qj9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-322297-euqmv6rw author = Kim, Sung Hyun title = Association between ambient PM(2.5) and emergency department visits for psychiatric emergency diseases() date = 2018-11-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4137 sentences = 215 flesch = 49 summary = The outcome was the daily number of people who visited the emergency departments in Seoul from 2015 to 2016 with a diagnostic code for psychiatric diseases (International Classification of Disease-1oth version, Mental and Behavioral Disease, F00-F99, including F00-F09 (Organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders), F10-F19 (Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use), F20-F29 (Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders), F30-F39 (Mood [affective] disorders), F40-F48 (Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders), F50-F59 (Behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors), F60-F69 (Disorders of adult personality and behavior), F70-F79 (Mental retardation), F80-F89 (Disorders of psychological development), F90-F98 (Behavioral and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence), and F99-F99 (Unspecified mental disorder)). We found a significant association between the PM 2.5 concentration and emergency department visits for psychiatric diseases on lag 1 day in the adjusted models. cache = ./cache/cord-322297-euqmv6rw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-322297-euqmv6rw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-294736-ji4jz3h6 author = Beşler, Muhammed Said title = Acute myocarditis associated with COVID-19 infection() date = 2020-06-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 299 sentences = 27 flesch = 48 summary = title: Acute myocarditis associated with COVID-19 infection() We present the case of a 20-year-old male patient without previous history of cardiovascular disease who was admitted to our hospital with a new onset febrile sensation and chest pain. Cardiac MRI showed myocardial edema and late gadolinium enhancement compatible with myocarditis associated with COVID-19 infection. This case showed that acute myocarditis can be the initial presentation of patients with COVID-19 infection. Acute or fulminant myocarditis as well as heart failure have been reported with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and could be expected to occur with SARS-CoV-2, given the similar pathogenicity [2] . Previous severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) beta-coronavirus infections could be associated with tachyarrhythmias and signs and symptoms of heart failure [3] . Association of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) With Myocardial Injury and Mortality Cardiovascular complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome Cardiac Involvement in a Patient With Coronavirus Disease cache = ./cache/cord-294736-ji4jz3h6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-294736-ji4jz3h6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-333176-6v7ficfk author = Snell, Jonathan title = SARS-CoV-2 infection and its association with thrombosis and ischemic stroke: A review COVID-19, thrombosis, and ischemic stroke date = 2020-09-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2059 sentences = 122 flesch = 45 summary = SARS-CoV-2 infection is well-documented to cause severe pneumonia, however, thrombosis and thrombotic complications, such as ischemic stroke, have also been documented in a variety of patient demographics. 5,6 This is likely due to the presence of asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and its current prevalence in the human population supports the infective potential of this novel coronavirus. 37 Imbalance of the interactions between ACE2 and the RAS axis may also contribute to the thromboembolic events seen in SARS-CoV-2 infection. 44, 45 Ischemic stroke due to occlusion of large arteries has been a documented complication of SARS-CoV infection in patients with minimal to no risk factors. 46 SARS-CoV-2 infection seems to also increase risk of developing ischemic stroke, among other neurological consequences. Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: A report of five cases Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Ischemic Stroke cache = ./cache/cord-333176-6v7ficfk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-333176-6v7ficfk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-293535-9bj5ev1a author = Wang, Yushu title = The influence of corticosteroid on patients with COVID-19 infection: A meta-analysis date = 2020-06-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 555 sentences = 37 flesch = 57 summary = title: The influence of corticosteroid on patients with COVID-19 infection: A meta-analysis Therefore, we aim to perform this meta-analysis to identify the roles of corticosteroids in patients with or without severe COVID-19. An electronic search was performed in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), using the keywords "steroid" or "corticosteroid" or "cortisol" or "prednisolone" or "prednisone" or "glucocorticoid" or "hydrocortisone" or "dexamethasone" or "methylprednisolone" AND "novel coronavirus" or "2019-nCoV" or "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2" between 2019 and present time (i.e., up to May 7th, 2020) and without language restrictions. A total of 466 studies were originally identified based on our search criteria, 411 of which were excluded after title, abstract or full text reading since they were review articles, editorial materials or letters, and did not report the use of corticosteroid in patients with or without severe COVID-19. Correction to: Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from cache = ./cache/cord-293535-9bj5ev1a.txt txt = ./txt/cord-293535-9bj5ev1a.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-349909-hmyv1nep author = Misa, Nana-Yaa title = Racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19 disease burden & mortality among emergency department patients in a safety net health system date = 2020-09-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3925 sentences = 207 flesch = 51 summary = BACKGROUND: We sought to examine racial and ethnic disparities in test positivity rate and mortality among emergency department (ED) patients tested for COVID-19 within an integrated public health system in Northern California. Results from ED-based testing can identify racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 testing, test positivity rates, and mortality associated with COVID-19 infection and can be used by health departments to inform policy. We pre-specified the regression model to contain COVID-19 positivity as the dependent variable, with the following predictor variables: race and ethnicity; age; medical co-morbidities (that may influence disease severity); documented epidemiologic concern (defined as healthcare worker or living with elderly family members); skilled nursing facility residence; whether or not a patient had a PCP (to control for access to medical care); and which AHS ED conducted the test to control for geographic and hospital site clustering. cache = ./cache/cord-349909-hmyv1nep.txt txt = ./txt/cord-349909-hmyv1nep.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-341527-03rh966o author = Stockton, John title = Dexmedetomidine and worsening hypoxemia in the setting of COVID-19: A case report date = 2020-05-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1165 sentences = 71 flesch = 48 summary = Here, we report a case of dexmedetomidine use in the setting of worsening hypoxemia, whereby oxygenation improved and intubation was avoided. Well known pharmacologic properties of the drug, namely the lack of respiratory depression and its anti-delirium effects, as well as other possible physiologic effects, suggest potential benefit for patients being managed with a delayed intubation approach. If dexmedetomidine can improve compliance with non-invasive oxygen support (the current recommended first-line therapy) while promoting better oxygenation, it may also decrease the need for mechanical ventilation and thus improve mortality. While early intubation was the initial recommended strategy for COVID-19 hypoxemia, a large case series in the US as well as data coming out of Britain, China, and Italy suggests a high mortality for patients requiring invasive ventilation [2] . In this case, we believe dexmedetomidine helped one patient avoid mechanical ventilation by improving compliance with non-invasive ventilation and promoting better oxygenation. cache = ./cache/cord-341527-03rh966o.txt txt = ./txt/cord-341527-03rh966o.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-352656-hpuhjbki author = Cohen, Brett A. title = Emergency department operations in a large health system during COVID-19 date = 2020-06-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1212 sentences = 91 flesch = 57 summary = The following operational metrics were collected: median daily visits, COVID-19 specific J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f visits, patients LWBS, door to diagnostic evaluation by a qualified medical professional ("doorto-doc" time), hospitalization rate, decision to admit to ED departure (boarding time), and median ED LOS. The evaluation of operational metrics revealed the very high-volume urban academic ED experienced the greatest improvements, with LWBS, ED LOS, boarding time, and door-to-doc time decreasing by 89.5%, 36.1%, 49.4% and 83.8% respectively (all p<0.001) ( Table 3) . The above data demonstrate a trend of decreased ED patient visits across a single health system during the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, in conjunction with greater improvements in ED operational metrics observed at a large urban academic center compared to smaller community hospitals within the same health system. cache = ./cache/cord-352656-hpuhjbki.txt txt = ./txt/cord-352656-hpuhjbki.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-255267-o8k5ep9y author = Gan, Connie Cai Ru title = Personal ventilation hood for protecting healthcare workers from aerosol-transmissible diseases date = 2020-07-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 353 sentences = 30 flesch = 47 summary = title: Personal ventilation hood for protecting healthcare workers from aerosol-transmissible diseases In terms of healthcare workers' safety, the hood ensures lower close contact with the patients, primarily perform medical and surgical procedures that can potentially generate aerosolized particles include intubation and bronchoscopy. The hood protects patients that would be required to undergo several tests differently, radiology, physical therapy, pulmonary, and laboratory. Even in situations where a patient needs to be moved to another facility, the hood could limit the exposure to other patients and hospital personnel. We urged that with the protection provided to both patient and hospital personnel, visitors of the health facility are protected from possible exposure. Are Powered Air Purifying Respirators a Solution for Protecting Healthcare Workers from Emerging Aerosol-Transmissible Diseases? Surface Environmental, and Personal Protective Equipment Contamination by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) From a Symptomatic Patient cache = ./cache/cord-255267-o8k5ep9y.txt txt = ./txt/cord-255267-o8k5ep9y.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-334705-vclkuink author = Sokas, Claire M. title = Is social distancing keeping patients from the ED?() date = 2020-07-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 886 sentences = 63 flesch = 54 summary = We sought to characterize perceptions of public health recommendations and explore the decision to seek medical care for common symptoms. To understand the impact on individual medical decision making, we asked participants to describe their approach to care for common symptoms before and during the pandemic, classifying behaviors according to escalation of care: 1) stay home and see if it gets better ("wait and see"); 2) call my doctor; 3) present to an emergency department (ED), urgent care (UC), or call 911. Most participants worry about their own and their family's health, their ability to obtain medical care, and prolonged, severe illness if they contracted COVID-19. In the weeks following the initiation of public health recommendations, public perceptions were overall favorable and participants reported adherence to mandates in the setting of worry about personal health and reluctance to seek emergency care for COVID-19-related symptoms. cache = ./cache/cord-334705-vclkuink.txt txt = ./txt/cord-334705-vclkuink.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-322778-a411t2wg author = Skalidis, Ioannis title = Unenhanced computed tomography (CT) utility for triage at the emergency department during COVID-19 pandemic date = 2020-07-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4081 sentences = 231 flesch = 51 summary = We therefore conducted this retrospective study to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CT in patients presenting to ED with COVID-19 suspicion compared with both RT-PCR, which is currently used as a gold standard, and a clinical adjudication committee decision. After the completion of the study, the adjudication committee, blinded to the RT-PCR results, retrospectively reviewed the ED admission charts of all patients and graded the probability of COVID-19 by integrating data from several parts of the chart: the history section, the results of the clinical examination and the laboratory tests. After integrating the results of RT-PCR (integrating serial analyses if available) and the clinical follow-up in the referral hospital, their final consensus decision was considered as the reference diagnosis for COVID-19 infection. The study primary endpoints were the test diagnostic characteristics; specifically, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of CT first in comparison to RT-PCR as gold standard and, second, to the final adjudication committee decision. cache = ./cache/cord-322778-a411t2wg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-322778-a411t2wg.txt ===== Reducing email addresses Creating transaction Updating adr table ===== Reducing keywords cord-257535-v8dwkngi cord-258676-6kgxpcwc cord-286348-3p7gz8wi cord-256688-yy7abob9 cord-301623-uza6gu4r cord-344136-k5gh0s6y cord-278413-vad80mg5 cord-297671-3d3gcn6k cord-310207-lfub6y5m cord-333797-six8wzxz cord-318188-baat9464 cord-264257-iu67n7qw cord-290684-3f6prlqy cord-312623-ktswh3fu cord-350045-85jug39x cord-333827-zpdnzwle cord-268049-7xqln70d cord-289684-rvbofsmb cord-298640-zwg8ueyb cord-339864-rv5zw972 cord-317784-fl9zbgad cord-322887-md446f9p cord-338863-0jlp9lb4 cord-263753-p3evgngz cord-334705-vclkuink cord-268526-gh9sy7sl cord-308807-9yggo5yk cord-258662-6y45gb0t cord-338814-r9ym1h3m cord-336005-nm34bfsl cord-345510-togrmvlk cord-330704-4piesfxu cord-350473-f47i7y5h cord-344120-7t5ce2hb cord-253657-fminkpas cord-338922-wew3hety cord-300132-lbbibqv3 cord-344154-j5jjl0ok cord-334416-4tslee57 cord-341527-03rh966o cord-311353-ozqfsuh8 cord-265098-u5qssib9 cord-333872-shhugvx0 cord-349355-k48s9sum cord-341060-otvoo99j cord-354468-bew35s8q cord-027892-5ik9f6nx cord-338855-1hfj8qj9 cord-294736-ji4jz3h6 cord-293535-9bj5ev1a cord-268840-m3fp9q3p cord-352656-hpuhjbki cord-349909-hmyv1nep cord-254919-fi3inp67 cord-353698-gj8sx3zy cord-333176-6v7ficfk cord-322778-a411t2wg cord-322297-euqmv6rw cord-316513-dbzj101e cord-255267-o8k5ep9y cord-286977-330p60oh cord-349561-4mkiwg9k Creating transaction Updating wrd table ===== Reducing urls cord-333827-zpdnzwle cord-301623-uza6gu4r cord-344136-k5gh0s6y Creating transaction Updating url table ===== Reducing named entities cord-258662-6y45gb0t cord-258676-6kgxpcwc cord-256688-yy7abob9 cord-286348-3p7gz8wi cord-308807-9yggo5yk cord-289684-rvbofsmb cord-333797-six8wzxz cord-300132-lbbibqv3 cord-301623-uza6gu4r cord-265098-u5qssib9 cord-297671-3d3gcn6k cord-338863-0jlp9lb4 cord-330704-4piesfxu cord-318188-baat9464 cord-338814-r9ym1h3m cord-322887-md446f9p cord-317784-fl9zbgad cord-316513-dbzj101e cord-350045-85jug39x cord-339864-rv5zw972 cord-333827-zpdnzwle cord-290684-3f6prlqy cord-350473-f47i7y5h cord-312623-ktswh3fu cord-264257-iu67n7qw cord-263753-p3evgngz cord-278413-vad80mg5 cord-310207-lfub6y5m cord-268526-gh9sy7sl cord-344154-j5jjl0ok cord-338922-wew3hety cord-344136-k5gh0s6y cord-255267-o8k5ep9y cord-336005-nm34bfsl cord-257535-v8dwkngi cord-334705-vclkuink cord-345510-togrmvlk cord-311353-ozqfsuh8 cord-352656-hpuhjbki cord-344120-7t5ce2hb cord-253657-fminkpas cord-334416-4tslee57 cord-298640-zwg8ueyb cord-027892-5ik9f6nx cord-353698-gj8sx3zy cord-354468-bew35s8q cord-341527-03rh966o cord-286977-330p60oh cord-268840-m3fp9q3p cord-349909-hmyv1nep cord-338855-1hfj8qj9 cord-322297-euqmv6rw cord-341060-otvoo99j cord-333872-shhugvx0 cord-349561-4mkiwg9k cord-293535-9bj5ev1a cord-254919-fi3inp67 cord-349355-k48s9sum cord-268049-7xqln70d cord-294736-ji4jz3h6 cord-333176-6v7ficfk cord-322778-a411t2wg Creating transaction Updating ent table ===== Reducing parts of speech cord-257535-v8dwkngi cord-258676-6kgxpcwc cord-264257-iu67n7qw cord-308807-9yggo5yk cord-278413-vad80mg5 cord-268526-gh9sy7sl cord-289684-rvbofsmb cord-258662-6y45gb0t cord-300132-lbbibqv3 cord-333827-zpdnzwle cord-286348-3p7gz8wi cord-317784-fl9zbgad cord-344136-k5gh0s6y cord-256688-yy7abob9 cord-301623-uza6gu4r cord-310207-lfub6y5m cord-297671-3d3gcn6k cord-318188-baat9464 cord-265098-u5qssib9 cord-333797-six8wzxz cord-312623-ktswh3fu cord-290684-3f6prlqy cord-334705-vclkuink cord-339864-rv5zw972 cord-350045-85jug39x cord-338863-0jlp9lb4 cord-322887-md446f9p cord-338814-r9ym1h3m cord-268049-7xqln70d cord-316513-dbzj101e cord-330704-4piesfxu cord-298640-zwg8ueyb cord-338922-wew3hety cord-336005-nm34bfsl cord-345510-togrmvlk cord-333872-shhugvx0 cord-255267-o8k5ep9y cord-311353-ozqfsuh8 cord-344120-7t5ce2hb cord-338855-1hfj8qj9 cord-344154-j5jjl0ok cord-341527-03rh966o cord-334416-4tslee57 cord-352656-hpuhjbki cord-341060-otvoo99j cord-027892-5ik9f6nx cord-354468-bew35s8q cord-353698-gj8sx3zy cord-253657-fminkpas cord-254919-fi3inp67 cord-294736-ji4jz3h6 cord-293535-9bj5ev1a cord-350473-f47i7y5h cord-349355-k48s9sum cord-349561-4mkiwg9k cord-268840-m3fp9q3p cord-286977-330p60oh cord-322297-euqmv6rw cord-263753-p3evgngz cord-333176-6v7ficfk cord-349909-hmyv1nep cord-322778-a411t2wg Creating transaction Updating pos table Building ./etc/reader.txt cord-256688-yy7abob9 cord-344120-7t5ce2hb cord-353698-gj8sx3zy cord-256688-yy7abob9 cord-354468-bew35s8q cord-333827-zpdnzwle number of items: 62 sum of words: 114,888 average size in words: 1,853 average readability score: 51 nouns: patients; study; disease; infection; cases; emergency; patient; data; coronavirus; care; risk; treatment; case; time; pandemic; use; analysis; intubation; health; hospital; studies; mortality; chest; symptoms; rate; group; pneumonia; failure; -p; results; oxygen; days; management; authors; covid-19; ventilation; effects; testing; review; air; healthcare; test; findings; toxicity; department; chloroquine; participants; syndrome; diseases; day verbs: used; including; reported; associated; increasing; shown; present; followed; required; compared; performed; based; provided; treat; find; considered; confirmed; testing; causing; suspected; suggest; reduced; describe; received; infected; occurs; decreasing; covid-19; evaluate; improve; recommend; conducting; related; need; identified; developed; demonstrated; admitted; make; according; prevent; assessed; taken; seen; resulting; lead; limit; controlling; avoid; give adjectives: respiratory; clinical; severe; covid-19; acute; high; non; medical; significant; positive; novel; higher; viral; first; cardiac; early; negative; patient; initial; different; available; mild; prone; public; psychiatric; many; ill; several; current; potential; pulmonary; protective; possible; mechanical; critical; retrospective; low; similar; additional; personal; standard; present; moderate; daily; key; specific; new; important; due; mental adverbs: also; however; well; significantly; critically; even; respectively; therefore; often; prior; loose; previously; highly; statistically; first; currently; approximately; rapidly; now; especially; furthermore; commonly; still; potentially; finally; additionally; particularly; less; relatively; likely; clinically; moreover; yet; daily; second; mainly; least; later; ultimately; recently; much; independently; alone; typically; rather; just; generally; eventually; already; safely pronouns: we; it; our; their; they; its; her; she; he; his; them; i; us; themselves; your; you; one; my; itself; ≥100; himself; age≥70 proper nouns: COVID-19; SARS; ED; J; CoV-2; China; Coronavirus; NIV; CT; Wuhan; HFNC; CPR; PCR; Disease; Health; RT; Med; Emerg; DOI; PPE; Emergency; Novel; N95; New; ARDS; Covid-19; York; PAPR; Clinical; sha; ICU; March; meta; PM; US; Hydroxychloroquine; Patients; CFR; ACE2; Control; CoV; Association; mg; American; Report; Department; Care; National; Hospital; Table keywords: covid-19; patient; sars; niv; cpr; chinese; varon; toxicity; test; swpf; stemi; seoul; scope; return; respiratory; respirator; qnft; ptg; propofol; prone; ppe; position; physician; pcr; parotitis; papr; nre; nms; n95; mucormycosis; magnesium; latinx; infection; hydroxychloroquine; hfnc; hepa; health; hcq; h1n1; gbs; ems; disease; discharge; coronavirus; china; cfr; ards; aki; ahrf; adm one topic; one dimension: covid file(s): https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302485?v=s5 titles(s): A state overview of COVID19 spread, interventions and preparedness three topics; one dimension: covid; patients; study file(s): https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675720307853, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720306252?v=s5, https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675718309471 titles(s): SARS-CoV-2 pharmacologic therapies and their safety/effectiveness according to level of evidence | Acute chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine toxicity: A review for emergency clinicians | Association between ambient PM(2.5) and emergency department visits for psychiatric emergency diseases() five topics; three dimensions: patients covid study; covid patients respiratory; chloroquine toxicity emergency; covid cpr patients; covid ed patients file(s): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.058, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32265065/, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720306252?v=s5, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720307919?v=s5, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32505468/ titles(s): Unenhanced computed tomography (CT) utility for triage at the emergency department during COVID-19 pandemic | Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A primer for emergency physicians | Acute chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine toxicity: A review for emergency clinicians | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in prone position: A scoping review | Emergency department operations in a large health system during COVID-19 Type: cord title: journal-amJEmergMed-cord date: 2021-05-30 time: 15:05 username: emorgan patron: Eric Morgan email: emorgan@nd.edu input: facet_journal:"Am J Emerg Med" ==== make-pages.sh htm files ==== make-pages.sh complex files ==== make-pages.sh named enities ==== making bibliographics id: cord-341060-otvoo99j author: Alharthy, Abdulrahman title: Thrombolysis in severe COVID-19 pneumonia with massive pulmonary embolism date: 2020-07-30 words: 913 sentences: 72 pages: flesch: 48 cache: ./cache/cord-341060-otvoo99j.txt txt: ./txt/cord-341060-otvoo99j.txt summary: Keywords: COVID-19, massive pulmonary embolism, thrombolysis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, point-of-care ultrasound. Recently, a preliminary analysis of a large US cohort of critically ill patients with severe novel SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) has suggested the benefit of systemic anticoagulation on their J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f anticoagulation in patients with severe COVID-19, and Padua prediction score ≥4 or D-dimer>3.0 μg/mL has been previously suggested due to the increased occurrence of pulmonary embolism (PE) [3, 4] . Point-of-care-cardiac ultrasound modified four-chamber view (day-2) revealing a large thrombus in a dysfunctional right heart "en-route" to the pulmonary circulation in our critically ill COVID-19 patient. Point-of-care-cardiac ultrasound modified four-chamber view (day-5) depicting no thrombi in the right heart, and normalization of right ventricular function in our critically ill COVID-19 patient. Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy abstract: OBJECTIVE: No guidelines exist for the management of massive pulmonary embolism (PE) in COVID-19. We present a COVID-19 patient with refractory acute respiratory syndrome (ARDS), and life-threatening PE who underwent successful thrombolysis. CASE PRESENTATION: A previously healthy 47 year old male was admitted to our hospital due to severe COVID-19 pneumonia [confirmed by Real-Time-Polymerase-Chain-Reaction (RT-PCR)]. He had rapidly evolving ARDS [partial arterial pressure of oxygen to fractional inspired concentration of oxygen ratio: 175], and sepsis. Laboratory results showed lymphocytopenia, and increased D-dimer levels (7.7 μg/ml; normal: 0–0.5 μg/ml). The patient was treated in the intensive care unit. On day-1, ARDS-net/prone positioning ventilation, and empiric anti-COVID treatment integrating prophylactic anticoagulation was administered. On hospital day-2, the patient developed shock with worsening oxygenation. Point-of-care-ultrasound depicted a large thrombus migrating from the right atrium to the pulmonary circulation. Intravenous alteplase (100 mg over 2 h) was administered as rescue therapy. The patient made an uneventful recovery, and was discharged to home isolation (day-20) on oral rivaroxaban. CONCLUSION: Thrombolysis may have a critical therapeutic role for massive PE in COVID-19; however the risk of potential bleeding should not be underestimated. Point-of-care ultrasound has a pivotal role in the management of refractory ARDS in COVID-19. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S073567572030663X doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.068 id: cord-330704-4piesfxu author: Avdeev, Sergey N. title: Noninvasive ventilation for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19 date: 2020-10-01 words: 1728 sentences: 107 pages: flesch: 53 cache: ./cache/cord-330704-4piesfxu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-330704-4piesfxu.txt summary: MATERIALS & METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and AHRF receiving NIV in general wards were recruited from two university-affiliated hospitals. However, there were major concerns that HFNC or NIV may create risks for health care workers (HCWs) because of SARS-CoV-2 transmission via aerosols [6] while the data on the efficacy of noninvasive modalities in COVID-19-associated AHRF are still limited [6] [7] [8] . This study suggests that the use of NIV is feasible in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19 outside intensive care unit and can be considered as an effective means to improve oxygenation in patients not responding to conventional oxygen therapy. In summary, we have shown that NIV is feasible in patients with COVID-19 with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure outside the intensive care unit, and it can be considered as a valuable option for the management of AHRF in these patients. abstract: AIM: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is known to reduce intubation in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) [1]. We aimed to assess the outcomes of NIV application in COVID-19 patients with AHRF. MATERIALS & METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and AHRF receiving NIV in general wards were recruited from two university-affiliated hospitals. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were recorded at admission. The failure of NIV was defined as intubation or death during the hospital stay. RESULTS: Between April 8 and June 10, 2020, 61 patients were enrolled into the final cohort. NIV was successful in 44 out of 61 patients (72.1%), 17 patients who failed NIV therapy were intubated, and among them 15 died. Overall mortality rate was 24.6%. Patients who failed NIV were older, and had higher respiratory rate, PaCO(2), D-dimer levels before NIV and higher minute ventilation and ventilatory ratio on the 1-st day of NIV. No healthcare workers were infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: NIV is feasible in patients with COVID-19 and AHRF outside the intensive care unit, and it can be considered as a valuable option for the management of AHRF in these patients. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33067061/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.075 id: cord-286977-330p60oh author: Barcala-Furelos, Roberto title: Plastic blanket drowning kit: A protection barrier to immediate resuscitation at the beach in the Covid-19 era. A pilot study. date: 2020-09-16 words: 1706 sentences: 104 pages: flesch: 59 cache: ./cache/cord-286977-330p60oh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-286977-330p60oh.txt summary: title: Plastic blanket drowning kit: A protection barrier to immediate resuscitation at the beach in the Covid-19 era. OBJECTIVE: Introducing a new, simple and inexpensive portable equipment for lifeguards, consisting of a pre-assembled full-size plastic blanket with a mask and HEPA filter, which could offer significant time-saving advantages to reduce COVID-19 risk transmission in the first few minutes of CPR after water rescue, avoiding the negative impact of delayed ventilation. METHOD: A pilot study was carried out to determine the feasibility of the pre-assembled kit of face-mask and HEPA filter adapted on a pre-set plastic-blanket. The PPE kit consists of a pre-assembled full-size transparent plastic blanket with an adaptation to a ventilation face mask with a High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter. Plastic blanket drowning kit: a protection barrier to immediate resuscitation at the beach in the Covid-19 era. abstract: OBJECTIVE: Introducing a new, simple and inexpensive portable equipment for lifeguards, consisting of a pre-assembled full-size plastic blanket with a mask and HEPA filter, which could offer significant time-saving advantages to reduce COVID-19 risk transmission in the first few minutes of CPR after water rescue, avoiding the negative impact of delayed ventilation. METHOD: A pilot study was carried out to determine the feasibility of the pre-assembled kit of face-mask and HEPA filter adapted on a pre-set plastic-blanket. The first step consisted of washing hands, putting on safety glasses and gloves as the first personal protection equipment (PPE) and then covering the victim with an assembled plastic blanket. The second step consisted of 10 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with PPE and plastic blanket, following the technical recommendations for ventilation during COVID-19. RESULTS: Ten rescuers took part in the pilot study. The average time to wear PPE and place the pre-assembly kit on the victim was 82 s [IC 58–105]. After 10 min the quality of the resuscitation (QCPR) was 91% [87–94]. Quality chest compressions (CC) were 22% better than ventilations (V). Most of the rescuers (60%) thought that placing the plastic blanket on the victim on the beach was somewhat simple or very simple. CONCLUSIONS: Resuscitation techniques in COVID-19 era at the beach have added complexities for the correct use of PPE. Plastic blanket plus basic ventilations equipment resource could be a new alternative to be considered for lifeguards to keep ventilation on use while reducing risk transmission. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675720307695 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.101 id: cord-344120-7t5ce2hb author: Baroutjian, Amanda title: SARS-CoV-2 pharmacologic therapies and their safety/effectiveness according to level of evidence date: 2020-09-01 words: 5264 sentences: 336 pages: flesch: 53 cache: ./cache/cord-344120-7t5ce2hb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344120-7t5ce2hb.txt summary: CONCLUSION: According to level 1 evidence reviewed here, the most effective SARS-Co-V-2 pharmacologic treatments include remdesivir for mild to severe disease, and a triple regimen therapy consisting of lopinavir-ritonavir, ribavirin and interferon beta-1b for mild to moderate disease. 20 Another randomized controlled open-label trial in 199 hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 with severe COVID-19 was done to compare the clinical effectiveness of lopinavir-ritonavir to standard care alone. According to the level 1 evidence reviewed here, the most effective treatments against SARS-CoV-2, measured by time to negative RT-PCR and time to clinical improvement, are remdesivir therapy and a triple medication regimen (lopinavir-ritonavir, ribavirin, and interferon beta-1b). First, in patients with severe COVID-19, treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir showed no significant difference in time to clinical improvement, mortality at day 28, or detectable viral load compared to standard care alone. abstract: INTRODUCTION: There is a pressing need for COVID-19 transmission control and effective treatments. We aim to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 pharmacologic therapies as of August 2, 2020 according to study level of evidence. METHODS: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, JAMA Network and PNAS were searched. The following keywords were used: ((COVID-19) OR (SARS-CoV-2)) AND ((((((therapeutics) OR (treatment)) OR (vaccine)) OR (hydroxychloroquine)) OR (antiviral)) OR (prognosis)). Results included peer-reviewed studies published in English. RESULTS: 15 peer-reviewed articles met study inclusion criteria, of which 14 were RCTs and one was a systematic review with meta-analysis. The following pharmacologic therapies were evaluated: chloroquine (CQ), hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), antivirals therapies, plasma therapy, anti-inflammatories, and a vaccine. CONCLUSION: According to level 1 evidence reviewed here, the most effective SARS-Co-V-2 pharmacologic treatments include remdesivir for mild to severe disease, and a triple regimen therapy consisting of lopinavir-ritonavir, ribavirin and interferon beta-1b for mild to moderate disease. Also, dexamethasone significantly reduced mortality in those requiring respiratory support. However, there is still a great need for detailed level 1 evidence on pharmacologic therapies. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675720307853 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.091 id: cord-294736-ji4jz3h6 author: Beşler, Muhammed Said title: Acute myocarditis associated with COVID-19 infection() date: 2020-06-02 words: 299 sentences: 27 pages: flesch: 48 cache: ./cache/cord-294736-ji4jz3h6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-294736-ji4jz3h6.txt summary: title: Acute myocarditis associated with COVID-19 infection() We present the case of a 20-year-old male patient without previous history of cardiovascular disease who was admitted to our hospital with a new onset febrile sensation and chest pain. Cardiac MRI showed myocardial edema and late gadolinium enhancement compatible with myocarditis associated with COVID-19 infection. This case showed that acute myocarditis can be the initial presentation of patients with COVID-19 infection. Acute or fulminant myocarditis as well as heart failure have been reported with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and could be expected to occur with SARS-CoV-2, given the similar pathogenicity [2] . Previous severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) beta-coronavirus infections could be associated with tachyarrhythmias and signs and symptoms of heart failure [3] . Association of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) With Myocardial Injury and Mortality Cardiovascular complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome Cardiac Involvement in a Patient With Coronavirus Disease abstract: We present the case of a 20-year-old male patient without previous history of cardiovascular disease who was admitted to our hospital with a new onset febrile sensation and chest pain. Chest computed tomography revealed a subpleural consolidation with a halo of ground-glass opacification. Blood tests revealed elevated levels of markers of myocyte necrosis (troponin I and creatine kinase–MB). Nasopharyngeal swab was positive for COVID-19. Cardiac MRI showed myocardial edema and late gadolinium enhancement compatible with myocarditis associated with COVID-19 infection. This case showed that acute myocarditis can be the initial presentation of patients with COVID-19 infection. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.100 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.100 id: cord-353698-gj8sx3zy author: Bibiano-Guillen, C. title: Adapted Diving Mask (ADM) device as respiratory support with oxygen output during COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-10-28 words: 3320 sentences: 198 pages: flesch: 52 cache: ./cache/cord-353698-gj8sx3zy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353698-gj8sx3zy.txt summary: title: Adapted Diving Mask (ADM) device as respiratory support with oxygen output during COVID-19 pandemic The most extended therapeutic approach for COVID-19 is based on two main strategies [10] [11] [12] [13] : pharmacological treatment directed toward several physiological targets (viremia, immunological reactions, prothrombotic reactions) and hemodynamic and respiratory support with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in addition to mechanical ventilation. A descriptive case series study of twenty-five patients with acute respiratory syndrome secondary to SARS-CoV2 infection was performed at a Spanish center, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor of Madrid, between March 30 and April 18, 2020. Table 4 shows the different variables used to analyze the improvement in the intervention and the mean value of all oxygen saturation measurements for all days that ADM therapy was used in those patients who prolonged its time of use. abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720309396?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.10.043 id: cord-258662-6y45gb0t author: Butt, Nausharwan title: Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 date: 2020-07-19 words: 114 sentences: 17 pages: flesch: 47 cache: ./cache/cord-258662-6y45gb0t.txt txt: ./txt/cord-258662-6y45gb0t.txt summary: key: cord-258662-6y45gb0t authors: Butt, Nausharwan; Arshid, Awais; Ahmad, Sarah Aftab; Khalid, Nauman; Kayani, Waleed Tallat title: Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 date: 2020-07-19 journal: Am J Emerg Med DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.032 sha: doc_id: 258662 cord_uid: 6y45gb0t nan In summary, COVID-19 is associated with significant cardiovascular complications which may also include pericarditis, pericardial effusion and Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy. Further larger studies are required to evaluate this association. Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 detection in the pericardial fluid of a patient with cardiac tamponade COVID-19 (SARS-Cov-2) and the heart -An ominous association All authors have no sources of funding to disclose The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720306240?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.032 id: cord-322887-md446f9p author: Carver, Catherine title: Cardiac injury and ARDS meta-analysis validity – Correspondence in response to Santoso et al. date: 2020-06-27 words: 540 sentences: 28 pages: flesch: 55 cache: ./cache/cord-322887-md446f9p.txt txt: ./txt/cord-322887-md446f9p.txt summary: This paper was of note to us because it included a meta-analysis on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and cardiac injury, based on two papers -one by Shi (2) and another by Wu (3). On reading the paper by Wu, we have significant concerns about the inclusion of this study in Santoso''s meta-analysis as we believe it currently underpins an inaccurate conclusion that cardiac injury is not significantly associated with increased risk of ARDS in COVID-19 by Santoso. However, from what we currently have access to, it seems most likely that Santoso''s meta-analysis for ARDS has been based on composite endpoint data. Moreover, the conclusion of Santoso runs counter to Shi''s JAMA Cardiology paper, which was the other paper included in Santoso''s meta-analysis, which did report on purely ARDS cases and cardiac injury and did find a statistically significant association. Cardiac injury is associated with mortality and critically ill pneumonia in COVID-19: A meta-analysis abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.028 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.028 id: cord-256688-yy7abob9 author: Chavez, Summer title: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A primer for emergency physicians date: 2020-03-24 words: 6416 sentences: 374 pages: flesch: 48 cache: ./cache/cord-256688-yy7abob9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-256688-yy7abob9.txt summary: DISCUSSION: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for causing COVID-19, is primarily transmitted from person-to-person through close contact (approximately 6 ft) by respiratory droplets. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), previously referred to as 2019-nCoV, is the virus responsible for causing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] . An emergency medicine approach to COVID-19 should focus on identifying and isolating patients at risk for infection, informing hospital infection prevention and local public health authorities, and engaging infectious disease and other specialists early in care. Emergency physicians should obtain a detailed travel history from all patients and suspect COVID-19 in patients presenting with symptoms of an acute upper respiratory illness and fever. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China Home care for patients with suspected novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection presenting with mild symptoms and management of contacts abstract: INTRODUCTION: Rapid worldwide spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a global pandemic. OBJECTIVE: This review article provides emergency physicians with an overview of the most current understanding of COVID-19 and recommendations on the evaluation and management of patients with suspected COVID-19. DISCUSSION: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for causing COVID-19, is primarily transmitted from person-to-person through close contact (approximately 6 ft) by respiratory droplets. Symptoms of COVID-19 are similar to other viral upper respiratory illnesses. Three major trajectories include mild disease with upper respiratory symptoms, non-severe pneumonia, and severe pneumonia complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Emergency physicians should focus on identifying patients at risk, isolating suspected patients, and informing hospital infection prevention and public health authorities. Patients with suspected COVID-19 should be asked to wear a facemask. Respiratory etiquette, hand washing, and personal protective equipment are recommended for all healthcare personnel caring for suspected cases. Disposition depends on patient symptoms, hemodynamic status, and patient ability to self-quarantine. CONCLUSION: This narrative review provides clinicians with an updated approach to the evaluation and management of patients presenting to the emergency department with suspected COVID-19. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32265065/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.036 id: cord-286348-3p7gz8wi author: Choudhary, Rahul title: Impact of Covid-19 outbreak on clinical presentation of patients admitted for acute heart failure in India date: 2020-10-16 words: 1874 sentences: 94 pages: flesch: 53 cache: ./cache/cord-286348-3p7gz8wi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-286348-3p7gz8wi.txt summary: We analysed demographic, clinical, echocardiographic and outcome parameters in patients admitted for AHF during the study period of 16 weeks (March 25 to July 14, 2020; starting from the day when lockdown was imposed by Government of India) and compared this data with a control period of 16 weeks (Dec 05, 2019 to March 24, 2020; when there was no lockdown and number of COVID-19 attributed death ≤10). We analysed demographic, clinical, echocardiographic and outcome parameters in patients admitted for AHF during the study period of 16 weeks (March 25 to July 14, 2020; starting from the day when lockdown was imposed by Government of India) and compared this data with a control period of 16 weeks (Dec 05, 2019 to March 24, 2020; when there was no lockdown and number of COVID-19 attributed death ≤10). abstract: Acute Heart Failure (AHF) is a life-threatening, rapid onset or worsening of sign and/or symptoms of heart failure (HF) which often requires urgent hospitalization for rapid evaluation and treatment. It may present as de novo or, more frequently, as a result of acute decompensation of chronic heart failure (ADHF). Apart from the economic burden on patient and health care system, each AHF related hospitalization is associated with significant increases in 12-month rehospitalization and mortality rate (44% and 17% in ESC-HF pilot study; 30.2 and 30.8% in Trivandrum Heart Failure Registry) Maggioni et al. (2013), Harikrishnan et al. (2017) [1,2]. As of July 15th, India has about 936,181 cases and nearly 24,309 death attributed to novel coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) infection (Solomon et al., n.d. [3]). Unprecedented apprehension due to the rapid spread of COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in hospital avoiding behavior among patients suffering other diseases, including HF. Also, spread of COVID-19 pandemic attracted the major allocation of healthcare infrastructure and human resources, including emergency services, for the care of COVID-19 infected patients, and little is known about the effect of this stressed-out healthcare system on short and long term outcome in patients suffering from HF. Although, the implementation of lockdown by the Government (from March 25, 2020) initially slowed the community spread of COVID-19, but inadvertently, suspension of public transport further affected the delivery of medical care for HF patients, as most of the patients in India still use public transport for their emergency department (ED) visits. In this study, we performed a retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients who were admitted for AHF (de novo and ADHF; left ventricular ejection fraction <40%) in two Medical college hospitals providing healthcare services in Jodhpur, western India. Both are regional tertiary care centres of local hub and spike networks for the management of various cardiovascular emergencies. Our EDs have a separate registration desks for patients coming with non-Covid-19 emergencies and COVID-19 symptoms, with clear signs at the entrance directing patients to the designated registration desk. Also, ED was expanded to avoid overcrowding and separate waiting area was created for those who have COVID-19 signs and symptoms. We analysed demographic, clinical, echocardiographic and outcome parameters in patients admitted for AHF during the study period of 16 weeks (March 25 to July 14, 2020; starting from the day when lockdown was imposed by Government of India) and compared this data with a control period of 16 weeks (Dec 05, 2019 to March 24, 2020; when there was no lockdown and number of COVID-19 attributed death ≤10). In addition, hospitalization rates during the study period were also compared with data from the same period in 2018–19. Patients diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were not included in study. Our analysis of patients admitted during the study (lockdown) period revealed 69% reduction in AHF hospitalizations as compared to the control period (241 vs 782) and 60% reduction compared to same calendar period from the previous year (144 vs 602; Figure 1). It was contrary to an expected increase due to the availability issue of guideline-directed medical therapy in follow-up patients and an anticipated surge in AHF due to late presentation of patients with acute myocardial infarction associated mechanical complications. Among the patients from the lockdown period, 96.7% presented with NYHA IV symptoms, this was significantly higher than the rate during the control period (out of 782; 76.6% presented with NYHA IV symptoms during the control period; p value <0.001; Table 1). The mean age (±SD) of patients in study and control period was 63.5(±11.2) and 61.1(±11.9) respectively, with no significant difference. Compared with control group, study group patients were more commonly male (82.6 vs 71.6%; p value <0.02), more likely to have atrial fibrillation (23.7 vs 18.2%; p value <0.02), lower eGFR (64.6 vs 77.7%; p value <0.05), lower mean ejection fraction (24.2 ± 5.6 vs 30.4 ± 4.9%; p value <0.001) and higher NT pro BNP levels (mean value 7349.2 vs 5680.4 pg/ml; p value <0.001). Median length of stay during study and control period was 5 and 4 days respectively. We also observed significantly increased in-hospital mortality during the lockdown period as compared to the control period (8.3% vs 5.4%; p value <0.001). The number of patients presenting to ED with AHF in western India has reduced significantly, and yet, late presentations with advanced symptoms and low EF seem to have increased. Similar pattern of decreased admission for cardiovascular emergency was reported from California, where weekly rates of hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction decreased by up to 48% during the Covid-19 period (Solomon et al., n.d. [3]). The current case fatality rate for COVID-19 in India is approximately 2.6% [4], which is far less than that of AHF and we presume that many untreated AHF patients must have died at home during COVID-19 pandemic. There have been reports of the inexplicable increase in out of hospital cardiac arrests, revealing that patients were staying too long at home to seek care for a more severe medical condition (Wong et al., 2020 [5]). Complete suspension of public transit system along with lack of emergency medical services in India, risk of acquiring COVID-19 at ED and misleading information in media and social platforms about flooding of hospital beds due to COVID-19, even when there were reserved wards for other emergencies, led to hospital avoiding behavior among patients suffering from even the most serious medical conditions. Hospitals are now erroneously perceived as reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2. Community educational campaigns are imperative to convey that hospitals are secured, resourceful, and fully prepared for life-threatening emergencies; which if untreated, has higher morbidity and mortality rate as compared to COVID-19. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720309116?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.10.025 id: cord-300132-lbbibqv3 author: Clifford, Christopher T. title: Association between COVID-19 diagnosis and presenting chief complaint from New York City triage data date: 2020-11-07 words: 2830 sentences: 163 pages: flesch: 58 cache: ./cache/cord-300132-lbbibqv3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-300132-lbbibqv3.txt summary: title: Association between COVID-19 diagnosis and presenting chief complaint from New York City triage data Conclusion: A novel high risk COVID-19 patient population was identified from chief complaint data, which is different from current suggested CDC guidelines, and may help triage systems to better isolate COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: A novel high risk COVID-19 patient population was identified from chief complaint data, which is different from current suggested CDC guidelines, and may help triage systems to better isolate COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between different triage chief complaints and COVID-19 status by retroactively looking at a large set of COVID-19 RT-PCR testing done in the ED. It is important for physicians in the ED to test elderly patients for COVID-19 if they present with atypical chief complaints as described above in order to reduce spread of the disease amongst a vulnerable population and increase quality of care. abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: New York City (NYC) is an epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Proper triage of patients with possible COVID-19 via chief complaint is critical but not fully optimized. This study aimed to investigate the association between presentation by chief complaints and COVID-19 status. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed adult emergency department (ED) patient visits from five different NYC hospital campuses (hospital blinded) from March 1, 2020 to May 13, 2020 of patients who underwent nasopharyngeal COVID-19 RT-PCR testing. The positive and negative COVID-19 cohorts were then assessed for different chief complaints obtained from structured triage data. Sub-analysis was performed for patients older than 65 and within chief complaints with high mortality. RESULTS: Of 11,992 ED patient visits who received COVID-19 testing, 6524/11992 (54.4%) were COVID-19 positive. 73.5% of fever, 67.7% of shortness of breath, and 65% of cough had COVID-19, but others included 57.5% of weakness/fall/altered mental status, 55.5% of glycemic control, and 51.4% of gastrointestinal symptoms. In patients over 65, 76.7% of diarrhea, 73.7% of fatigue, and 69.3% of weakness had COVID-19. 45.5% of dehydration, 40.5% of altered mental status, 27% of fall, and 24.6% of hyperglycemia patients experienced mortality. CONCLUSION: A novel high risk COVID-19 patient population was identified from chief complaint data, which is different from current suggested CDC guidelines, and may help triage systems to better isolate COVID-19 patients. Older patients with COVID-19 infection presented with more atypical complaints warranting special consideration. COVID-19 was associated with higher mortality in a unique group of complaints also warranting special consideration. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720309864?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.11.006 id: cord-352656-hpuhjbki author: Cohen, Brett A. title: Emergency department operations in a large health system during COVID-19 date: 2020-06-02 words: 1212 sentences: 91 pages: flesch: 57 cache: ./cache/cord-352656-hpuhjbki.txt txt: ./txt/cord-352656-hpuhjbki.txt summary: The following operational metrics were collected: median daily visits, COVID-19 specific J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f visits, patients LWBS, door to diagnostic evaluation by a qualified medical professional ("doorto-doc" time), hospitalization rate, decision to admit to ED departure (boarding time), and median ED LOS. The evaluation of operational metrics revealed the very high-volume urban academic ED experienced the greatest improvements, with LWBS, ED LOS, boarding time, and door-to-doc time decreasing by 89.5%, 36.1%, 49.4% and 83.8% respectively (all p<0.001) ( Table 3) . The above data demonstrate a trend of decreased ED patient visits across a single health system during the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, in conjunction with greater improvements in ED operational metrics observed at a large urban academic center compared to smaller community hospitals within the same health system. abstract: • The initial COVID-19 pandemic led to decreased ED volumes across a health system. • Decreased ED volumes during the COVID-19 pandemic led to improved operations metrics. • Hospital decompression led to decreased boarding times during the COVID-19 pandemic. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32505468/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.097 id: cord-338855-1hfj8qj9 author: Dr Adylle Varon, L. title: Traditional chinese medicine and COVID-19: should emergency practitioners use it? date: 2020-07-03 words: 361 sentences: 29 pages: flesch: 59 cache: ./cache/cord-338855-1hfj8qj9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338855-1hfj8qj9.txt summary: title: Traditional chinese medicine and COVID-19: should emergency practitioners use it? Classical herbal formulas, such as Yu Ping Feng San, Sang Ju Yin and Yin Qiao San, were highly sought out for prevention and treatment of In this issue of The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, Sun and coworkers present an adept metanalysis supporting the clinical efficacy and safety of using TCM herbal prescriptions for the treatment of COVID-19. For example, we are concerned that the depicted results reflect a steady state of illness, whereas in TCM, measures can vary depending on which herbal formulations are administered, and the stage or rate of infection in each patient. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment of COVID-19 The role of Chinese Medicine in COVID-19 pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis abstract: nan url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675720305660 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.076 id: cord-290684-3f6prlqy author: Duan, Jun title: Use of high-flow nasal cannula and noninvasive ventilation in patients with COVID-19: A multicenter observational study date: 2020-07-29 words: 2818 sentences: 185 pages: flesch: 62 cache: ./cache/cord-290684-3f6prlqy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-290684-3f6prlqy.txt summary: title: Use of high-flow nasal cannula and noninvasive ventilation in patients with COVID-19: A multicenter observational study BACKGROUND: The use of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in patients with COVID-19 is debated. CONCLUSIONS: In critically ill patients with COVID-19 who used HFNC and NIV as first-line therapy, the duration of HFNC + NIV, intubation rate and mortality did not differ between two groups. The Asian Critical Care Clinical Trials Group has suggested that the HFNC and NIV only can be used in COVID-19 patients with mild acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [21] . abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in patients with COVID-19 is debated. METHODS: This study was performed in four hospitals of China from January to March 2020. We retrospectively enrolled 23 and 13 COVID-19 patients who used HFNC and NIV as first-line therapy, respectively. RESULTS: Among the 23 patients who used HFNC as first-line therapy, 10 experienced HFNC failure and used NIV as rescue therapy. Among the 13 patients who used NIV as first-line therapy, one (8%) used HFNC as rescue therapy due to NIV intolerance. The duration of HFNC + NIV (median 7.1, IQR: 3.5–12.2 vs. 7.3, IQR: 5.3–10.0 days), intubation rate (17% vs. 15%) and mortality (4% vs. 8%) did not differ between patients who used HFNC and NIV as first-line therapy. In total cohorts, 6 (17%) patients received intubation. Time from initiation of HFNC or NIV to intubation was 8.4 days (IQR: 4.4–18.5). And the time from initiation of HFNC or NIV to termination in patients without intubation was 7.1 days (IQR: 3.9–10.3). Among all the patients, C-reactive protein was independently associated with intubation (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.07). In addition, no medical staff got nosocomial infection who participated in HFNC and NIV management. CONCLUSIONS: In critically ill patients with COVID-19 who used HFNC and NIV as first-line therapy, the duration of HFNC + NIV, intubation rate and mortality did not differ between two groups. And no medical staff got nosocomial infection during this study. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720306665?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.071 id: cord-289684-rvbofsmb author: Fisher, Jennifer title: COVID-19 associated parotitis: A case report date: 2020-06-27 words: 1089 sentences: 70 pages: flesch: 41 cache: ./cache/cord-289684-rvbofsmb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-289684-rvbofsmb.txt summary: We present a case report of a woman infected with COVID-19 and diagnosed with parotitis. The patient was prescribed a course of amoxicillin/clavulanate to J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f treat a possible concomitant bacterial parotitis and advised to apply warm compresses, massage the gland, use sialagogues to increase salivary flow and stay hydrated. Typically, viral parotitis is characterized by a prodrome of flu-like symptoms followed 2-4 days later by gradual swelling of the bilateral parotid glands, though unilateral involvement is seen in up to 25% of cases [6, 7] . Physical exam findings in suppurative parotitis include induration and tenderness of the parotid gland and purulent discharge from the duct orifice with massaging the gland [6, 7] . While we believe this was a viral-induced parotitis, given the unilateral presentation we treated her for possible bacterial co-infection. At the time we evaluated this patient there were no reports of COVID-19 associated parotitis. abstract: As the 2019 coronavirus pandemic has unfolded, an increasing number of atypical presentations of COVID-19 have been reported. As patients with COVID-19 often present to emergency departments for initial care, it is important that emergency clinicians are familiar with these atypical presentations in order to prevent disease transmission. We present a case of a 21-year-old woman diagnosed in our ED with COVID-19 associated parotitis and review the epidemiology and management of parotitis. We discuss the importance of considering COVID-19 in the differential of parotitis and other viral-associated syndromes and emphasize the importance of donning personal protective equipment during the initial evaluation. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32631770/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.059 id: cord-265098-u5qssib9 author: Fu, Xin-yan title: Effect of COVID-19 outbreak on the treatment time of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction date: 2020-09-17 words: 1355 sentences: 80 pages: flesch: 55 cache: ./cache/cord-265098-u5qssib9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-265098-u5qssib9.txt summary: title: Effect of COVID-19 outbreak on the treatment time of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of COVID-19 outbreak on the treatment time of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in Hangzhou, China. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of STEMI patients admitted to the Hangzhou Chest Pain Center (CPC) during a COVID-19 epidemic period in 2020 (24 cases) and the same period in 2019 (29 cases). Cumulative mortality was showed in Kaplan-Meier survival curves after the surgery in the 2020 group was significantly different higher than the 2019 group during the 28 days.The diagnosis and treatment process of STEMI patients during an epidemic should be optimized to improve their prognosis. Suggestions on management strategies for ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) combined with novel coronavirus infection Impact of symptom onset to first medical contact time on the prognosis of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of COVID-19 outbreak on the treatment time of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in Hangzhou, China. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of STEMI patients admitted to the Hangzhou Chest Pain Center (CPC) during a COVID-19 epidemic period in 2020 (24 cases) and the same period in 2019 (29 cases). General characteristics of the patients were recorded, analyzed, and compared. Moreover, we compared the groups for the time from symptom onset to the first medical contact (SO-to-FMC), time from first medical contact to balloon expansion (FMC-to-B), time from hospital door entry to first balloon expansion (D-to-B), and catheter room activation time. The groups were also compared for postoperative cardiac color Doppler ultrasonographic left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE),Kaplan-Meier survival curves during the 28 days after the operation. RESULTS: The times of SO-to-FMC, D-to-B, and catheter room activation in the 2020 group were significantly longer than those in the 2019 group (P < 0.05). The cumulative mortality after the surgery in the 2020 group was significantly higher than the 2019 group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The pre-hospital and in-hospital treatment times of STEMI patients during the COVID-19 epidemic were longer than those before the epidemic. Cumulative mortality was showed in Kaplan-Meier survival curves after the surgery in the 2020 group was significantly different higher than the 2019 group during the 28 days.The diagnosis and treatment process of STEMI patients during an epidemic should be optimized to improve their prognosis. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33039221/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.038 id: cord-255267-o8k5ep9y author: Gan, Connie Cai Ru title: Personal ventilation hood for protecting healthcare workers from aerosol-transmissible diseases date: 2020-07-22 words: 353 sentences: 30 pages: flesch: 47 cache: ./cache/cord-255267-o8k5ep9y.txt txt: ./txt/cord-255267-o8k5ep9y.txt summary: title: Personal ventilation hood for protecting healthcare workers from aerosol-transmissible diseases In terms of healthcare workers'' safety, the hood ensures lower close contact with the patients, primarily perform medical and surgical procedures that can potentially generate aerosolized particles include intubation and bronchoscopy. The hood protects patients that would be required to undergo several tests differently, radiology, physical therapy, pulmonary, and laboratory. Even in situations where a patient needs to be moved to another facility, the hood could limit the exposure to other patients and hospital personnel. We urged that with the protection provided to both patient and hospital personnel, visitors of the health facility are protected from possible exposure. Are Powered Air Purifying Respirators a Solution for Protecting Healthcare Workers from Emerging Aerosol-Transmissible Diseases? Surface Environmental, and Personal Protective Equipment Contamination by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) From a Symptomatic Patient abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32771295/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.036 id: cord-278413-vad80mg5 author: Goldenberg, Matthew N. title: Psychiatric emergency department volume during Covid-19 pandemic date: 2020-06-01 words: 881 sentences: 58 pages: flesch: 63 cache: ./cache/cord-278413-vad80mg5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-278413-vad80mg5.txt summary: title: Psychiatric emergency department volume during Covid-19 pandemic One commonly reported phenomenon in the first months of the Covid-19 era in the United States has been the reduction in emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations of patients with heart attacks, strokes and other acute, non-Covid illnesses. The psychiatric emergency service (PES) is staffed 24 hours per day and treats patients 16 years and older. At YNHH, PES and overall ED volumes for January, February and early March 2020 were similar to prior years (see Table 1 ). PES volume decreased less than overall ED volume, suggesting that patients may be less willing or able to defer their need for acute psychiatric care as opposed to other acute medical care. That the rate of hospitalization of psychiatric patients was just slightly higher than prior years may indicate that the overall acuity in PES was similar to previous years. abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720304502?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.088 id: cord-258676-6kgxpcwc author: Haleem, Abid title: Areas of academic research with the impact of COVID-19 date: 2020-04-15 words: 1351 sentences: 87 pages: flesch: 56 cache: ./cache/cord-258676-6kgxpcwc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-258676-6kgxpcwc.txt summary: SARS-CoV-2 is the name of the virus responsible for causing COVID-19 disease, which is highly infectious and lethal.With exponentially increasing infections, proportionate fatalities are being reported both from developed and under developed countries. Hence, there is an urgent requirement for conducting academic research on several aspects of this highly contagious disease, to find effective means of containment and treatment of the disease, for now, and in future. We have identified some opportunities for academic research related to COVID-19 and have also provided suggestions to contain, prevent and treat this viral infection. There is an urgent need to identify and study the areas of academic research which will be impacted by COVID-19 [3] . COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency of international concern.It has posed new challenges to the global research community. With the help of academic research, there is a need for a better understanding of the COVID-19 and its socio-economic ramifications on society. abstract: Coronavirus (COVID-19) endemic is growing exponentially in the whole world. Researchers, technologists, doctors and other healthcare workers are working day and night on the development of vaccine and medicinesto control and treat this virus. SARS-CoV-2 is the name of the virus responsible for causing COVID-19 disease, which is highly infectious and lethal.With exponentially increasing infections, proportionate fatalities are being reported both from developed and under developed countries. As of today, more than one million people across the world have been reported infected with this virus, and more than 65,000 people have died of this disease. Hence, there is an urgent requirement for conducting academic research on several aspects of this highly contagious disease, to find effective means of containment and treatment of the disease, for now, and in future. We have identified some opportunities for academic research related to COVID-19 and have also provided suggestions to contain, prevent and treat this viral infection. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.022 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.022 id: cord-333797-six8wzxz author: Heaney, Ashley I. title: Newly diagnosed diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis precipitated by COVID-19 infection date: 2020-06-06 words: 900 sentences: 71 pages: flesch: 64 cache: ./cache/cord-333797-six8wzxz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-333797-six8wzxz.txt summary: J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f COVID-19 infections and diabetes have been linked since early reports identified patients with diabetes mellitus having worse clinical outcomes. 2 However, there has only been one case reported on COVID-19 infection precipitating a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type II. Testing in the ED revealed hyperglycemia, anion gap metabolic acidosis and ketonuria which confirmed the patient to be in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). We report a case of DKA precipitated by Covid-19 in a patient with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus. There has been one prior case report of DKA and new onset diabetes mellitus in the setting of COVID-19 infection. Patients with elevated blood sugar and no history of diabetes should be evaluated for the possibility of new onset diabetes mellitus and DKA, especially in the setting of concomitant COVID-19 infection. Diabetic ketoacidosis precipitated by Covid-19 in a patient with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720304885?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.114 id: cord-338863-0jlp9lb4 author: Huecker, Martin title: COVID-19: Optimizing healthcare provider wellness and posttraumatic growth date: 2020-08-27 words: 1251 sentences: 82 pages: flesch: 40 cache: ./cache/cord-338863-0jlp9lb4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338863-0jlp9lb4.txt summary: A systematic review found that 53% of individuals who endure trauma experienced PTG (4), enjoying greater life satisfaction, happiness, psychological, emotional, and even physical wellbeing (5) . While COVID-19 has already resulted in negative outcomes for HCWs, individuals can still strive for greater appreciation of life, improved self-esteem, and positive approaches to daily responsibilities (16) . Mindfulness interventions facilitate self-awareness and presence, with studies repeatedly demonstrating positive effects of meditation on sleep and other mental and physical health outcomes (30) . Effect of Positive Psychological Intervention on Posttraumatic Growth among Primary Healthcare Workers in China: A Preliminary Prospective Study Psychological impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on healthcare workers in China. Preserving mental health and resilience in frontline healthcare workers during COVID-19. Mental health problems faced by healthcare workers due to the COVID-19 pandemic-A review Mental health care for medical staff and affiliated healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic abstract: nan url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675720307592 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.066 id: cord-268526-gh9sy7sl author: Hwang, Sung Yeon title: N95 filtering facepiece respirators do not reliably afford respiratory protection during chest compression: A simulation study date: 2019-03-27 words: 3034 sentences: 169 pages: flesch: 49 cache: ./cache/cord-268526-gh9sy7sl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-268526-gh9sy7sl.txt summary: Then, the participants performed three sessions of continuous chest compressions, each with a duration of 2 min, while undergoing real-time fit testing. CONCLUSIONS: Even if the participants passed the QNFT, the N95 respirator did not provide adequate protection against respiratory infections during chest compression. Thus, we compared the respirator failure (FF < 100) rates during chest compression between a partially passed group (the overall fit factor was adequate, but at least one specific exercise was failed; the PPG) and an all passed group (group that passed all exercises: the APG). Therefore, our findings are clinically significant in terms of the safety of HCWs who are at high risk for airborne disease transmission during chest compression even when wearing adequately fit-tested N95 respirators. This study indicated that N95 respirators may not provide consistent protection against respiratory infection for HCWs. The QNFT failure rates during chest compression after the user-seal-check did not differ between the two groups. abstract: BACKGROUND: N95 filtering facepiece respirators (N95 respirators) may not provide adequate protection against respiratory infections during chest compression due to inappropriate fitting. METHODS: This was a single-center simulation study performed from December 1, 2016, to December 31, 2016. Each participant underwent quantitative fit test (QNFT) of N95 respirators according to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration protocol. Adequacy of respirator fit was represented by the fit factor (FF), which is calculated as the number of ambient particles divided by the number inside the respirator. We divided all participants into the group that passed the overall fit test but failed at least one individual exercise (partially passed group [PPG]) and the group that passed all exercises (all passed group [APG]). Then, the participants performed three sessions of continuous chest compressions, each with a duration of 2 min, while undergoing real-time fit testing. The primary outcome was any failure (FF < 100) of the fit test during the three bouts of chest compression. RESULTS: Forty-four participants passed the QNFT. Overall, 73% (n = 32) of the participants failed at least one of the three sessions of chest compression; the number of participants who failed was significantly higher in the PPG than in the APG (94% vs. 61%; p = 0.02). Approximately 18% (n = 8) of the participants experienced mask fit failures, such as strap slipping. CONCLUSIONS: Even if the participants passed the QNFT, the N95 respirator did not provide adequate protection against respiratory infections during chest compression. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675719301913 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2019.03.041 id: cord-349355-k48s9sum author: Janssen, Joris title: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a male adult with COVID-19 pneumonia date: 2020-07-30 words: 958 sentences: 64 pages: flesch: 43 cache: ./cache/cord-349355-k48s9sum.txt txt: ./txt/cord-349355-k48s9sum.txt summary: Here we report a case of a 52 year old male who presented with a spontaneous pneumomediastinum in COVID-19 pneumonia, followed by a severe course of disease. Here we present a case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in COVID-19 pneumonia, and discuss the possible mechanism underlying this association as well as clinical implications. Furthermore, a recent case series described three cases of COVID-19 pneumonia that were complicated by spontaneous pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax, all of which were followed by a severe course of disease with fatal outcome [13] . J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Therefore, further research is warranted to assess whether spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an indicator of disease severity in COVID-19 pneumonia. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare complication of COVID-19 pneumonia and was associated with a severe course of disease in our patient. Future studies are warranted to assess whether spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an indicator of disease severity in COVID-19 pneumonia. abstract: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare complication of viral pneumonia. Here we report a case of a 52 year old male who presented with a spontaneous pneumomediastinum in COVID-19 pneumonia, followed by a severe course of disease. We discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this association as well as its possible clinical implications as a marker of disease severity in COVID-19. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720306616?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.066 id: cord-344154-j5jjl0ok author: Kandil, Manar title: MAGraine: Magnesium compared to conventional therapy for treatment of migraines date: 2020-09-14 words: 2551 sentences: 147 pages: flesch: 51 cache: ./cache/cord-344154-j5jjl0ok.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344154-j5jjl0ok.txt summary: This study was a single-center, prospective, double-blinded, randomized-controlled, three-armed trial comparing magnesium, metoclopramide, and prochlorperazine for the treatment of migraine. 15 Secondary endpoints included change in pain score from baseline to 60 minutes and 120 minutes after initiation of infusion (as defined on a 11-point NRS), ED length of stay, and J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Journal Pre-proof necessity for rescue analgesia at any time following the study drug administration. No statistically significant differences in change in pain scores were found between all three treatment arms; however, a post hoc noninferiority analysis revealed that when compared to prochlorperazine and metoclopramide, IV magnesium was non-inferior ( figure 3) . The results of the MAGraine study demonstrated that IV magnesium sulfate, metoclopramide, and prochlorperazine were effective in decreasing pain scores for migraines at 30, 60, and 120 minutes, however one agent was not superior to the rest. abstract: Due to the healthcare burden associated with migraines, prompt and effective treatment is vital to improve patient outcomes and ED workflow. This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial. Adults who presented to the ED with a diagnosis of migraine from August of 2019 to March of 2020 were included. Pregnant patients, or with renal impairment were excluded. Patients were randomized to receive intravenous magnesium, prochlorperazine, or metoclopramide. The primary outcome was change in pain from baseline on a numeric rating scale (NRS) evaluated at 30 min after initiation of infusion of study drug. Secondary outcomes included NRS at 60 and 120 min, ED length of stay, necessity for rescue analgesia, and adverse effects. A total of 157 patients were analyzed in this study. Sixty-one patients received magnesium, 52 received prochlorperazine, and 44 received metoclopramide. Most patients were white females, and the median age was 36 years. Hypertension and migraines were the most common comorbidities, with a third of the patients reporting an aura. There was a median decrease in NRS at 30 min of three points across all three treatment arms. The median decrease in NRS (IQR) at 60 min was −4 (2–6) in the magnesium group, −3 (2–5) in the metoclopramide group, and − 4.5 (2–7) in the prochlorperazine group (p = 0.27). There were no statistically significant differences in ED length of stay, rescue analgesia, or adverse effects. Reported adverse effects were dizziness, anxiety, and akathisia. No significant difference was observed in NRS at 30 min between magnesium, metoclopramide and prochlorperazine. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33041146/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.033 id: cord-322297-euqmv6rw author: Kim, Sung Hyun title: Association between ambient PM(2.5) and emergency department visits for psychiatric emergency diseases() date: 2018-11-24 words: 4137 sentences: 215 pages: flesch: 49 cache: ./cache/cord-322297-euqmv6rw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-322297-euqmv6rw.txt summary: The outcome was the daily number of people who visited the emergency departments in Seoul from 2015 to 2016 with a diagnostic code for psychiatric diseases (International Classification of Disease-1oth version, Mental and Behavioral Disease, F00-F99, including F00-F09 (Organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders), F10-F19 (Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use), F20-F29 (Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders), F30-F39 (Mood [affective] disorders), F40-F48 (Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders), F50-F59 (Behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors), F60-F69 (Disorders of adult personality and behavior), F70-F79 (Mental retardation), F80-F89 (Disorders of psychological development), F90-F98 (Behavioral and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence), and F99-F99 (Unspecified mental disorder)). We found a significant association between the PM 2.5 concentration and emergency department visits for psychiatric diseases on lag 1 day in the adjusted models. abstract: BACKGROUND: Whether or not short-term exposure to particulate matter <2.5 μm in diameter (PM(2.5)) increases the risk of psychiatric emergency diseases is unclear. METHODS: The study was performed in a metropolis from January 2015 to December 2016. The exposure was PM(2.5), and the confounders were weather (temperature and humidity) and other pollutants (PM(10), SO(2), CO, O(3), and NO(2)). The outcomes were emergency department (ED) visits with psychiatric disease codes (F00-F99 in ICD10 codes). General additive models were used for the statistical analysis to calculate the adjusted relative risks (ARRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the daily number of ED visits with a lag of 1 to 3 days following a 10 μg/m(3) increase in PM(2.5). RESULTS: During the study period, a total of 67,561 ED visits for psychiatric diseases were identified and tested for association with PM(2.5). Daily ED visits for all psychiatric diseases were not associated with PM(2.5) in the model that was not adjusted for other pollutants. The ARR (95% CI) in the model adjusted for SO(2) was 1.011 (1.002–1.021) by 10 μg/m(3) of PM(2.5) on Lag 1 for all psychiatric diseases (F00-F99). The ARR (95% CI) in the model adjusted for O(3) was 1.015 (1.003–1.029) by 10 μg/m(3) of PM(2.5) on Lag 1 for F40-F49 (Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders). CONCLUSION: An increase in PM(2.5) showed a significant association with an increase in ED visits for all psychiatric diseases (F00-F99) and for neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (F40-F49) on lag day 1. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675718309471 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2018.11.034 id: cord-345510-togrmvlk author: Kinney, Brad title: Rapid outdoor non-compression intubation (RONCI) of cardiac arrests to mitigate COVID-19 exposure to emergency department staff date: 2020-05-27 words: 1228 sentences: 85 pages: flesch: 43 cache: ./cache/cord-345510-togrmvlk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-345510-togrmvlk.txt summary: title: Rapid outdoor non-compression intubation (RONCI) of cardiac arrests to mitigate COVID-19 exposure to emergency department staff The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced numerous challenges for Health Care Professionals including exposing Emergency Department (ED) staff to the SARS-CoV-2 virus during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). We propose a novel technique for rapid outdoor non-compression intubation (RONCI) of cardiac arrest patients while en route from the ambulance bay to the resuscitation bay to further decrease the risk of viral aerosolization. 5 We present a case of an outdoor non-compression intubation of a patient in cardiac arrest to minimize COVID-19 exposure to staff while still providing standard Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS). Non-compression intubation is suggested by ED resuscitation experts and the American Heart Association (AHA) to minimize COVID-19 exposure to staff. 5 The AHA recommends that the "provider…with the best chance of first-pass success" should perform the intubations in suspected COVID-19 infected patients in cardiac arrest. abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced numerous challenges for Health Care Professionals including exposing Emergency Department (ED) staff to the SARS-CoV-2 virus during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). Recent guidelines from the American Heart Association (AHA) prioritize early intubation with viral filter placement to minimize hospital staff exposure. We propose a novel technique for rapid outdoor non-compression intubation (RONCI) of cardiac arrest patients while en route from the ambulance bay to the resuscitation bay to further decrease the risk of viral aerosolization. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S073567572030437X doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.080 id: cord-333872-shhugvx0 author: Kumar, Jitendra title: The conundrum of rising Covid19 infection among health care workers: An emerging paradigm date: 2020-07-04 words: 575 sentences: 43 pages: flesch: 67 cache: ./cache/cord-333872-shhugvx0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-333872-shhugvx0.txt summary: title: The conundrum of rising Covid19 infection among health care workers: An emerging paradigm Such asymptomatic infected HCWs can transmit infection unknowingly to the patients and other HCWs. At one of the London hospital, sample for RT-PCR testing for covid19 taken from asymptomatic and healthy HCWs at multiple point of time. In a total number of 1,479 health care worker''s sample, 1.1% to 7.1% (at different point of time) were found positive for Covid19 [9] . COVID-19 and the Risk to Health Care Workers: A Case Report Death from Covid-19 of 23 Health Care Workers in China COVID-2019) Infection Among Health Care Workers and Implications for Prevention Measures in a Tertiary Hospital in Wuhan, China Healthcare workers & SARS-CoV-2 infection in India: A case-control investigation in the time of COVID-19 COVID-19: PCR screening of asymptomatic health-care workers at London hospital COVID-19: the case for health-care worker screening to prevent hospital transmission abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.001 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.001 id: cord-338814-r9ym1h3m author: Li, Yan title: Using social media for telemedicine during the COVID-19 epidemic date: 2020-08-17 words: 540 sentences: 39 pages: flesch: 57 cache: ./cache/cord-338814-r9ym1h3m.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338814-r9ym1h3m.txt summary: title: Using social media for telemedicine during the COVID-19 epidemic As the first country to discover COVID-19, China has taken strict precautionary measures. The Chinese government strives to raise public awareness of prevention and protection by providing daily monitoring and updates on websites and social media [4] . Social media played an essential role during the COVID-19 epidemic. The government should support and encourage medical personnel to participate in science education on social media. Because the strict quarantine measures make it difficult for patients to see a doctor, it is urgent to establish an appropriate telemedicine and appointment system. The emergence of the virus pandemic will make the public health system and community health service institutions face special and lasting epidemic prevention situation. An investigation of transmission control measur es during the first 50 days of the COVID-19 epidemic in China Access to lifesaving medical resources for African countries: COVID-19 testing and response, ethics, and politics abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720306902?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.007 id: cord-263753-p3evgngz author: Magoon, Rohan title: Dexmedetomidine in COVID-19: probing promises with prudence! date: 2020-10-27 words: 462 sentences: 28 pages: flesch: 44 cache: ./cache/cord-263753-p3evgngz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-263753-p3evgngz.txt summary: While the peak DEX-doses >0.8 µg/kg/hr and daily cumulative DEX-doses >12.9 µg/kg/day have been described to be associated with an elevated withdrawal incidence [7] , lack of presentation of the contextual DEXdose administered in the COVID-19 patient featured in the Stockton and Kyle-Sidell case-report, captivates attention [1] . (iii) In addition, once on invasive mechanical ventilation, a precision approach to sedation in COVID-19 patients, as epitomized by Payen et al, appears to be prudent centralising the focus on inter-individual variability and synchronizing the level of ventilator support to the subsequent target of sedation, thereby directing the subsequent choice of sedative agents, including DEX [8, 9] . Dexmedetomidine and worsening hypoxemia in the setting of COVID-19: A case report Dexmedetomidine-Associated Hyperpyrexia in Three Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease Incidence of dexmedetomidine withdrawal in adult critically Ill patients: a pilot study Sedation for critically ill patients with COVID-19: Which specificities? abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33168381/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.10.034 id: cord-336005-nm34bfsl author: Mahan, Keenan title: Abdominal pain in a patient with COVID-19 infection: A case of multiple thromboemboli date: 2020-05-26 words: 886 sentences: 68 pages: flesch: 46 cache: ./cache/cord-336005-nm34bfsl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-336005-nm34bfsl.txt summary: Although there appears to be an increased incidence of thromboembolic disease in patients with COVID-19 infection, recommendations regarding anticoagulation are lacking. We present the case of a 61-year-old woman with clinically significant venous and arterial thromboemboli in the setting of COVID-19 infection requiring tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). In addition, there is no clear guidance as to whether anticoagulation should be initiated for emergency department (ED) patients with presumed COVID-19 and elevated D-dimer. The patient''s CXR demonstrated bilateral peripheral opacities consistent with COVID-19 infection ( Figure 1 ) and her D-dimer returned elevated at 8,264ng/mL. Based on the patient''s hypoxemia, persistent tachycardia, and marked D-dimer elevation, we ordered a CT pulmonary angiogram which revealed multiple filling defects in the thoracic and abdominal aorta representing thromboemboli as well as diffuse bilateral ground glass opacities in the lungs (Figure 2) . Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China abstract: The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has created diagnostic uncertainty with regards to distinguishing this infection from pulmonary embolism (PE). Although there appears to be an increased incidence of thromboembolic disease in patients with COVID-19 infection, recommendations regarding anticoagulation are lacking. We present the case of a 61-year-old woman with clinically significant venous and arterial thromboemboli in the setting of COVID-19 infection requiring tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.054 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.054 id: cord-354468-bew35s8q author: Margus, Colton title: Discharge in pandemic: Suspected Covid-19 patients returning to the Emergency Department within 72 hours for admission date: 2020-08-18 words: 4005 sentences: 234 pages: flesch: 46 cache: ./cache/cord-354468-bew35s8q.txt txt: ./txt/cord-354468-bew35s8q.txt summary: title: Discharge in pandemic: Suspected Covid-19 patients returning to the Emergency Department within 72 hours for admission In this paper, we focus on ED disposition decision-making in New York City during the Covid-19 pandemic, by identifying patients suspected of Covid-19 who are discharged yet ultimately require hospital return and admission within 72 hours. Case subjects were identified as those patients suspected of Covid-19 and discharged from the ED but who returned to an ED within the system in 72 hours and required admission. This analysis of suspected Covid-19 patients aimed to describe key features of the initial ED visit that may ultimately influence the likelihood of ED return for admission within 72 hours of discharge. Prior to the emergence of Covid-19, several studies assessing return admission indicated associations with increasing age, disease severity, ambulance transport, gastrointestinal or infectious disease symptoms, and prolonged time in the ED. abstract: INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has led to unprecedented healthcare demand. This study seeks to characterize Emergency Department (ED) discharges suspected of Covid-19 that are admitted within 72 h. METHODS: We abstracted all adult discharges with suspected Covid-19 from five New York City EDs between March 2nd and April 15th. Those admitted within 72 h were then compared against those who were not using descriptive and regression analysis of background and clinical characteristics. RESULTS: Discharged ED patients returning within 72 h were more often admitted if suspected of Covid-19 (32.9% vs 12.1%, p < .0001). Of 7433 suspected Covid-19 discharges, the 139 (1.9%) admitted within 72 h were older (55.4 vs. 45.6 years, OR 1.03) and more often male (1.32) or with a history of obstructive lung disease (2.77) or diabetes (1.58) than those who were not admitted (p < .05). Additional associations included non-English preference, cancer, heart failure, hypertension, renal disease, ambulance arrival, higher triage acuity, longer ED stay or time from symptom onset, fever, tachycardia, dyspnea, gastrointestinal symptoms, x-ray abnormalities, and decreased platelets and lymphocytes (p < .05 for all). On 72-h return, 91 (65.5%) subjects required oxygen, and 7 (5.0%) required mechanical ventilation in the ED. Twenty-two (15.8%) of the study group have since died. CONCLUSION: Several factors emerge as associated with 72-h ED return admission in subjects suspected of Covid-19. These should be considered when assessing discharge risk in clinical practice. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S073567572030721X?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.034 id: cord-253657-fminkpas author: Maslanka, Maciej title: Vie scope® laryngoscope versus Macintosh laryngoscope with personal protective equipment during intubation of COVID-19 resuscitation patient date: 2020-09-04 words: 822 sentences: 55 pages: flesch: 45 cache: ./cache/cord-253657-fminkpas.txt txt: ./txt/cord-253657-fminkpas.txt summary: title: Vie scope® laryngoscope versus Macintosh laryngoscope with personal protective equipment during intubation of COVID-19 resuscitation patient The aim of this study was to evaluate intubation performance by paramedics wearing PPE-AGP using Macintosh laryngoscope and Vie Scope® laryngoscope under simulated resuscitation of COVID-19 patient. The study participants then attended a 20-minute practical training course during which they performed endotracheal intubation using Vie Scope® under normal airway conditions. During the target study, paramedics dressed in full PPE-AGP were to perform endotracheal intubation with continuous chest compression. Endotracheal intubation was performed using Macintosh laryngoscope (MAC; blade no.3) as well as with Vie Scope® laryngoscope (VSC). In conclusion, under the conditions of intubation performed by paramedics wearing PPE-AGP with continuous chest compression, the results of the study indicate higher efficiency of intubation with Vie Scope® compared to Macintosh laryngoscope in terms of both the efficiency of the first intubation attempt and the time of the procedure. abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720307798?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.085 id: cord-338922-wew3hety author: Miller, Kelsey A. title: Impact of COVID-19 on professional and personal responsibilities of Massachusetts physicians date: 2020-08-27 words: 772 sentences: 66 pages: flesch: 50 cache: ./cache/cord-338922-wew3hety.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338922-wew3hety.txt summary: title: Impact of COVID-19 on professional and personal responsibilities of Massachusetts physicians 4 This study examines changes in the professional status and personal responsibilities of physicians related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the stay-at-home advisories. They were selected to characterize effects of a single state''s stay-at-home advisory among physicians with different clinical impacts from COVID-19. More men (28.9%) reported increased hours spent on professional responsibilities compared to women (15.9%, p=0.02). We report an early perspective of the personal and professional impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on EM and pediatric physicians. Our study supports concerns for increased professional gender disparities during the pandemic stayat-home advisory, 2 including fewer scientific publication submissions by women compared to men. 7 In our study, female physicians invested more time in child and household care and less time on selfcare and professional responsibilities, compared to men. abstract: • The professional impact is more uniform but the personal impact varies by specialty & demographics. • Physicians report minimal change in employment status but half report a decrease in income. • Emergency Medicine physicians have experienced quarantining from family at a higher frequency. • Female physicians report spending more hours on child and household care and less time on selfcare. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33041148/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.051 id: cord-349909-hmyv1nep author: Misa, Nana-Yaa title: Racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19 disease burden & mortality among emergency department patients in a safety net health system date: 2020-09-24 words: 3925 sentences: 207 pages: flesch: 51 cache: ./cache/cord-349909-hmyv1nep.txt txt: ./txt/cord-349909-hmyv1nep.txt summary: BACKGROUND: We sought to examine racial and ethnic disparities in test positivity rate and mortality among emergency department (ED) patients tested for COVID-19 within an integrated public health system in Northern California. Results from ED-based testing can identify racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 testing, test positivity rates, and mortality associated with COVID-19 infection and can be used by health departments to inform policy. We pre-specified the regression model to contain COVID-19 positivity as the dependent variable, with the following predictor variables: race and ethnicity; age; medical co-morbidities (that may influence disease severity); documented epidemiologic concern (defined as healthcare worker or living with elderly family members); skilled nursing facility residence; whether or not a patient had a PCP (to control for access to medical care); and which AHS ED conducted the test to control for geographic and hospital site clustering. abstract: BACKGROUND: We sought to examine racial and ethnic disparities in test positivity rate and mortality among emergency department (ED) patients tested for COVID-19 within an integrated public health system in Northern California. METHODS: In this retrospective study we analyzed data from patients seen at three EDs and tested for COVID-19 between April 6 through May 4, 2020. The primary outcome was the test positivity rate by race and ethnicity, and the secondary outcome was 30 day in-hospital mortality. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine associations with COVID-19 test positivity. RESULTS: There were 526 patients tested for COVID-19, of whom 95 (18.1%) tested positive. The mean age of patients tested was 54.2 years, 54.7% were male, and 76.1% had at least one medical comorbidity. Black patients accounted for 40.7% of those tested but 16.8% of the positive tests, and Latinx patients accounted for 26.4% of those tested but 58.9% of the positive tests. The test positivity rate among Latinx patients was 40.3% (56/139) compared with 10.1% (39/387) among non-Latinx patients (p < 0.001). Latinx ethnicity was associated with COVID-19 test positivity (adjusted odds ratio 9.6, 95% confidence interval: 3.5–26.0). Mortality among Black patients was higher than non-Black patients (18.7% vs 1.3%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: We report a significant disparity in COVID-19 adjusted test positivity rate and crude mortality rate among Latinx and Black patients, respectively. Results from ED-based testing can identify racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 testing, test positivity rates, and mortality associated with COVID-19 infection and can be used by health departments to inform policy. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33039228/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.053 id: cord-254919-fi3inp67 author: Molina, Melanie F. title: Nitrous oxide inhalant abuse and massive pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 date: 2020-05-16 words: 694 sentences: 42 pages: flesch: 51 cache: ./cache/cord-254919-fi3inp67.txt txt: ./txt/cord-254919-fi3inp67.txt summary: title: Nitrous oxide inhalant abuse and massive pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 A patient presented to the emergency department with altered mental status and lower extremity weakness in the setting of nitrous oxide inhalant abuse and Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection. Given the high concern for pulmonary embolism with the above findings, computed tomography (CT) was performed and analysis of 183 confirmed COVID-19 patients demonstrating an 11.5% death rate. This patient''s coagulopathy may have been secondary to a combination of COVID-19 infection and N2O inhalant abuse leading to hyperhomocysteinemia. There are case reports illustrating a higher risk of VTE associated with chronic N2O inhalant abuse [6, 7] . Nitrous oxide leads to decreased Vitamin B12 levels with chronic abuse, which leads to increased homocysteinemia by inhibition of methionine synthase [7] . Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis caused by nitrous oxide abuse: A case report abstract: A patient presented to the emergency department with altered mental status and lower extremity weakness in the setting of nitrous oxide inhalant abuse and Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection. He subsequently developed hypotension and severe hypoxia, found to have a saddle pulmonary embolus (PE) with right heart strain requiring alteplase (tPA). url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.023 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.023 id: cord-268049-7xqln70d author: Montrief, Tim title: COVID-19 respiratory support in the emergency department setting date: 2020-08-08 words: 5197 sentences: 337 pages: flesch: 45 cache: ./cache/cord-268049-7xqln70d.txt txt: ./txt/cord-268049-7xqln70d.txt summary: DISCUSSION: Patients presenting with SARS-CoV-2 infection are at high risk for acute respiratory failure requiring airway management. [29] [30] [31] [32] Based on currently available evidence, the WHO states that "HFNC and NIV systems with good interface fitting do not create widespread dispersion of exhaled air and therefore should be associated with [a] low risk of airborne transmission." 15 The risk of respiratory pathogen transmission when using HFNC is subject to a variety of factors, including the duration of support, maximal flow rate, patient sneezing or coughing, cannula fit, and patient cooperation. 35 Many guidelines, including those by Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS), the WHO, and the Surviving Sepsis Campaign recommend the use of HFNC in COVID-19 patients presenting with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure unresponsive to conventional oxygen therapy. 20 Notably, the SCCM guidelines on the management of critically ill patients with COVID-19 recommend "a trial of NIV with close monitoring and shortinterval assessment for worsening of respiratory failure" if HFNC is not available and there is no urgent indication for intubation. abstract: INTRODUCTION: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), may result in severe complications, multiorgan dysfunction, acute respiratory failure, and death. SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious and places healthcare workers at significant risk, especially during aerosol-generating procedures, including airway management. OBJECTIVE: This narrative review outlines the underlying respiratory pathophysiology of patients with COVID-19 and discusses approaches to airway management in the emergency department (ED) based on current literature. DISCUSSION: Patients presenting with SARS-CoV-2 infection are at high risk for acute respiratory failure requiring airway management. Among hospitalized patients, 10–20% require intensive care unit admission, and 3–10% require intubation and mechanical ventilation. While providing respiratory support for these patients, proper infection control measures, including adherence to personal protective equipment policies, are necessary to prevent nosocomial transmission to healthcare workers. A structured approach to respiratory failure in these patients includes the use of exogenous oxygen via nasal cannula or non-rebreather, as well as titrated high-flow nasal cannula and non-invasive ventilation. This review offers several guiding principles and resources designed to be adapted in conjunction with local workplace policies for patients requiring endotracheal intubation. CONCLUSIONS: While the fundamental principles of acute respiratory failure management are similar between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients, there are some notable differences, including a focus on provider safety. This review provides an approach to airway management and respiratory support in the patient with COVID-19. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.001 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.001 id: cord-301623-uza6gu4r author: Moscarelli, Alessandra title: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in prone position: A scoping review date: 2020-09-10 words: 3386 sentences: 175 pages: flesch: 44 cache: ./cache/cord-301623-uza6gu4r.txt txt: ./txt/cord-301623-uza6gu4r.txt summary: This scoping review aimed to summarize the available evidence on cardiopulmonary resuscitation in prone position (''reverse CPR'') and knowledge or research gaps to be further evaluated. RESULTS: We included 1 study on manikins, 31 case reports (29 during surgery requiring prone position) and 2 nonrandomized studies describing reverse CPR. This scoping review aimed to summarize the available evidence on the cardiopulmonary resuscitation in prone position ("reverse CPR") and to highlight possible knowledge or research gaps to be further evaluated. We collected data regarding the type of study (e.g. design and country), population characteristics at baseline (e.g. age, main disease), setting (e.g. operatory room, ICU), occurred events (e.g. rhythm and cause of the cardiac arrest), intervention (e.g. prone or standard CPR) and outcomes (e.g. mortality, return of spontaneous circulation -ROSC). abstract: INTRODUCTION: The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 brought to the fore prone positioning as treatment for patients with acute respiratory failure. With the increasing number of patients in prone position, both spontaneously breathing and mechanically ventilated, cardiac arrest in this position is more likely to occur. This scoping review aimed to summarize the available evidence on cardiopulmonary resuscitation in prone position (‘reverse CPR’) and knowledge or research gaps to be further evaluated. The protocol of this scoping review was prospectively registered on 10th May 2020 in Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/nfuh9). METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE and pre-print repositories (bioRxiv and medRxiv) for simulation, pre-clinical and clinical studies on reverse CPR until 31st May 2020. RESULTS: We included 1 study on manikins, 31 case reports (29 during surgery requiring prone position) and 2 nonrandomized studies describing reverse CPR. No studies were found regarding reverse CPR in patients with COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: Even if the algorithms provided by the guidelines on basic and advanced life support remain valid in cardiac arrest in prone position, differences exist in the methods of performing CPR. There is no clear evidence of superiority in terms of effectiveness of reverse compared to supine CPR in patients with cardiac arrest occurring in prone position. The quality of evidence is low and knowledge gaps (e.g. protocols, training of healthcare personnel, devices for skill acquisition) should be fulfilled by further research. Meanwhile, a case-by-case evaluation of patient and setting characteristics should guide the decision on how to start CPR in such cases. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720307919?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.097 id: cord-310207-lfub6y5m author: Nanda, Satyan title: Covid-19 associated Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Contrasting tale of four patients from a tertiary care centre in India date: 2020-09-16 words: 1314 sentences: 82 pages: flesch: 51 cache: ./cache/cord-310207-lfub6y5m.txt txt: ./txt/cord-310207-lfub6y5m.txt summary: title: Covid-19 associated Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Contrasting tale of four patients from a tertiary care centre in India OBJECTIVE: In this brief communication we report four cases of Covid-19 who presented to our hospital with features suggestive of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS). DISCUSSION: The mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 causes neurologic damage are multifaceted, including direct damage to specific receptors, cytokine-related injury, secondary hypoxia, and retrograde travel along nerve fibres. One patient who presented with respiratory complaints and X-ray changes along with neurological deficits continued to deteriorate even after starting treatment for both GBS and Covid-19, and eventually succumbed to the disease. All our patients developed features of GBS, 5-10 days after the onset of Covid-19 symptoms, which is similar to the interval seen with Guillain-Barré syndrome that occurs secondary to other infections [9] . Atypical clinical presentation of COVID-19: a case of Guillain-Barrè Syndrome related to SARS-Cov-2 infection abstract: BACKGROUND: Globally, more than 12 million people have been infected with COVID −19 infection till date with more than 500,000 fatalities. Although, Covid-19 commonly presents with marked respiratory symptoms in the form of cough and dyspnoea, a neurotropic presentation has been described of late as well. OBJECTIVE: In this brief communication we report four cases of Covid-19 who presented to our hospital with features suggestive of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS). DISCUSSION: The mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 causes neurologic damage are multifaceted, including direct damage to specific receptors, cytokine-related injury, secondary hypoxia, and retrograde travel along nerve fibres. The pathogenesis of GBS secondary to Covid-19 is not well understood. It is hypothesised that viral illnesses related GBS could be due to autoantibodies or direct neurotoxic effects of viruses. CONCLUSION: Nervous system involvement in Covid-19 may have been grossly underestimated. In this era of pandemic, it is very important for the physicians to be aware of association of GBS with Covid-19, as early diagnosis and treatment of this complication could have gratifying results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such case series of Guillain-Barre Syndrome associated with Covid-19 to be reported from India. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720308238?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.029 id: cord-344136-k5gh0s6y author: Ouyang, Lichen title: Association of acute kidney injury with the severity and mortality of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A meta-analysis date: 2020-09-02 words: 2410 sentences: 151 pages: flesch: 51 cache: ./cache/cord-344136-k5gh0s6y.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344136-k5gh0s6y.txt summary: RESULTS: In 41 studies with 10,335 COVID-19 patients, the serum creatinine (sCr) in severe cases was much higher than that in non-severe cases (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.29–0.39), with a similar trend for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (SMD = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.51–0.81), hematuria (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.15–2.19), and proteinuria (OR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.58–5.38). Pooled analysis of four studies among 792 COVID-19 patients revealed that the incidence of AKI was statistically higher in non-survival group (30.72%) compared with survival group Our meta-analysis including 14094 subjects from 52 studies explored the potential relationship between renal impairment as well as AKI and the clinical outcome J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Journal Pre-proof (severity and mortality) of COVID-19 patients. Clinical characteristics of fatal and recovered cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study Clinical characteristics of patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in a non-Wuhan area of Hubei Province, China: a retrospective study abstract: BACKGROUND: we aimed to explore the relationship of acute kidney injury (AKI) with the severity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, MedRxiv Database. We compared the laboratory indicators of renal impairment and incidences of AKI in the severe versus non-severe cases, and survival versus non-survival cases, respectively. RESULTS: In 41 studies with 10,335 COVID-19 patients, the serum creatinine (sCr) in severe cases was much higher than that in non-severe cases (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.29–0.39), with a similar trend for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (SMD = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.51–0.81), hematuria (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.15–2.19), and proteinuria (OR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.58–5.38). The estimated glomerular filtration rate decreased significantly in severe cases compared with non-severe cases (SMD = -0.45, 95% CI: −0.67–0.23). Moreover, the pooled OR of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and AKI prevalence for severe vs. non-severe cases was 12.99 (95%CI: 4.03–41.89) and 13.16 (95%CI: 10.16–17.05), respectively. Additionally, 11 studies with 3759 COVID-19 patients were included for analysis of disease mortality. The results showed the levels of sCr and BUN in non-survival cases remarkably elevated compared with survival patients, respectively (SMD = 0.97, SMD = 1.49). The pooled OR of CRRT and AKI prevalence for non-survival vs. survival cases was 31.51 (95%CI: 6.55–151.59) and 77.48 (95%CI: 24.52–244.85), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: AKI is closely related with severity and mortality of COVID-19, which gives awareness for doctors to pay more attention for risk screening, early identification and timely treatment of AKI. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33046323/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.089 id: cord-318188-baat9464 author: Park, Soo Hyun title: Are loose-fitting powered air-purifying respirators safe during chest compression? A simulation study date: 2020-03-31 words: 3708 sentences: 193 pages: flesch: 52 cache: ./cache/cord-318188-baat9464.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318188-baat9464.txt summary: We investigated the protective effect and usefulness of loose-fitting powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) during chest compression. We measured the concentrations of ambient aerosol and particles inside the loose-fitting PAPR during chest compression, and this ratio was set as the simulated workplace protecting factor (SWPF). The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of loose-fitting PAPRs during chest compressions. We measured the concentrations of ambient aerosol and particles inside the loose-fitting PAPR''s hood during chest compression, and this ratio was set as the simulated workplace protecting factor (SWPF). A previous simulation study showed that the N95 respirator failed to provide sufficient protection, with the fit factor falling below 100 in 73% of participants during chest compressions [7] . In this study, most participants (81%) did not think that the loose-fitting PAPR interfered with the ability to perform chest compression. In conclusion, the loose-fitting PAPRs provided sufficient respiratory protection and comfort during chest compression. abstract: BACKGROUND: The application of appropriate personal protective equipment for respiratory protection to health care workers is a cornerstone for providing safe healthcare in emergency departments. We investigated the protective effect and usefulness of loose-fitting powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) during chest compression. METHODS: This was a single-center simulation study performed from May 2019 to July 2019 in a tertiary hospital. We measured the concentrations of ambient aerosol and particles inside the loose-fitting PAPR during chest compression, and this ratio was set as the simulated workplace protecting factor (SWPF). According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health regulations, the assigned protection factor (APF) of loose-fitting PAPRs is 25. Thus, the loose-fitting PAPRs were assumed to have a protective effect when the SWPF were ≥ 250 (APF × 10). We measured the SWPF of PAPR in real time during chest compression and also investigated the problems encountered during its use. RESULTS: Ninety-one participants (median age 29 [interquartile range (IQR): 26–32] years; 74% female) completed the simulation. None of the participants failed with SWPF below 250 during three sessions of chest compression. The median (IQR) values of SWPF at three cycles were 17,063 (10,145-26,373), 15,683 (9477-32,394), and 16,960 (7695-27,279). There was no disconnection of equipment or mechanical failures during chest compression. In addition, most participants (83%) replied that they rarely or never experienced difficulty in verbal communication and felt that the loose-fitting PAPR was comfortable. CONCLUSIONS: The loose-fitting PAPRs provided sufficient respiratory protection without disturbances during chest compression. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675720301960 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.054 id: cord-349561-4mkiwg9k author: Porta, Alessandra Della title: Acute chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine toxicity: A review for emergency clinicians date: 2020-07-19 words: 9231 sentences: 598 pages: flesch: 44 cache: ./cache/cord-349561-4mkiwg9k.txt txt: ./txt/cord-349561-4mkiwg9k.txt summary: BACKGROUND: Acute chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine toxicity is characterized by a combination of direct cardiovascular effects and electrolyte derangements with resultant dysrhythmias and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Following the United States Food and Drug Administration emergency use authorization for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2, many additional clinical trials with randomization, blinding, and larger sample sizes were initiated to determine the benefit and risks. 59 While unlikely to occur in acute overdose, cardiomyopathy is described in case reports of patients presenting with chronic chloroquine and/or hydroxychloroquine toxicity. 59 While unlikely to occur in acute overdose, cardiomyopathy is described in case reports of patients presenting with chronic chloroquine and/or hydroxychloroquine toxicity. Although case report literature describes the finding in chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine use, the largest chart review to date examining these drugs in patients with G6PD noted no occurrence of hemolysis. abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine toxicity is characterized by a combination of direct cardiovascular effects and electrolyte derangements with resultant dysrhythmias and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: This review describes acute chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine toxicity, outlines the complex pathophysiologic derangements, and addresses the emergency department (ED) management of this patient population. DISCUSSION: Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are aminoquinoline derivatives widely used in the treatment of rheumatologic diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis as well as for malaria prophylaxis. In early 2020, anecdotal reports and preliminary data suggested utility of hydroxychloroquine in attenuating viral loads and symptoms in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Aminoquinoline drugs pose unique and significant toxicological risks, both during their intended use as well as in unsupervised settings by laypersons. The therapeutic range for chloroquine is narrow. Acute severe toxicity is associated with 10–30% mortality owing to a combination of direct cardiovascular effects and electrolyte derangements with resultant dysrhythmias. Treatment in the ED is focused on decontamination, stabilization of cardiac dysrhythmias, hemodynamic support, electrolyte correction, and seizure prevention. CONCLUSIONS: An understanding of the pathophysiology of acute chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine toxicity and available emergency treatments can assist emergency clinicians in reducing the immediate morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720306252?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.030 id: cord-350045-85jug39x author: Pruc, Michal title: Risk of coronavirus infections among medical personnel date: 2020-05-08 words: 632 sentences: 40 pages: flesch: 65 cache: ./cache/cord-350045-85jug39x.txt txt: ./txt/cord-350045-85jug39x.txt summary: Due to the current situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, we can predict how the morbidity of health care workers will develop based on data on other viruses from the coronavirus group. In global research on SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, it can be seen that a very large percentage of the number of infected people are health professionals struggling with them in various medical facilities. In the Netherlands a survey was conducted from 6-8 March 2020 on 1097 health care workers, among whom the percentage of infected was 4.1%. 4 Currently, the total number of infected healthcare workers on SARS-CoV-2 is unknown due to the steadily increasing number of infections and the lack of global data on the problem. The data on SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV can predict how much health care workers may be infected despite the lack of up-to-date data on SARS-CoV-2. Risks to healthcare workers with emerging diseases: lessons from MERS-CoV, Ebola, SARS, and avian flu abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32414525/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.017 id: cord-339864-rv5zw972 author: Reihani, Hamidreza title: Non-evidenced based treatment: An unintended cause of morbidity and mortality related to COVID-19 date: 2020-05-06 words: 1011 sentences: 60 pages: flesch: 50 cache: ./cache/cord-339864-rv5zw972.txt txt: ./txt/cord-339864-rv5zw972.txt summary: In Iran, social media accounts circulated false stories of curing COVID-19 by drinking high-proof alcohol, poisoning over 2,000 people due to the inadvertent consumption of methanol with bleach to hide its color [5] . In Madagascar, President Andry Rojoelina launched an herbal coronavirus "cure" produced from the artemisia plant, yet the WHO stated that the tonic is not evidence-based and is potentially toxic [9] . These herbal formulas contain a combination of many herbs and the exact proprietary mixture is not available, posing a major health risk to patients due to their potential toxicity, contamination, or adulteration [10] . The implications of medicating with herbal-based formulas is serious and dangerous because there is no scientific evidence suggesting that these alternative remedies can prevent or cure COVID-19. The spread of nonevidence-based COVID-19 treatments or cures will undoubtedly worsen the magnitude of the pandemic. abstract: nan url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S073567572030317X doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.001 id: cord-268840-m3fp9q3p author: Sahu, Ankit Kumar title: Lung sonographic findings in COVID-19 patients date: 2020-09-04 words: 2520 sentences: 163 pages: flesch: 55 cache: ./cache/cord-268840-m3fp9q3p.txt txt: ./txt/cord-268840-m3fp9q3p.txt summary: Sonographic characteristics like bilateral lung involvement, B – profile, spared areas and confluent B – lines or waterfall sign were significantly associated (p < 0.01) with clinical severity (more frequent with increasing disease severity). [2] The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 patients range from asymptomatic to critical illness, which can include severe acute respiratory distress (ARDS) requiring ventilatory support [3] [4] [5] [6] . [12] Confirmed COVID-19 patients were categorised by the treating physician (also performed the ultrasound) according to their severity of illness according to Chinese CDC definitions (mild disease: patients with respiratory tract infection, not fulfilling criteria for severe and critical disease, severe disease: any of the following signs or symptoms like shortness of breath, respiratory rate > 30/min or oxygen saturation < 93%, and critical disease: patients requiring intensive care for organ failure or invasive ventilation) [11] . abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe the lung sonographic findings of COVID-19 patients prospectively and investigate its association with disease severity. METHODS: This study was conducted in an emergency department and included consecutively enrolled laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients. Lung sonography findings were described in all the included patients and analysed with respect to the clinical severity of the patients. RESULTS: 106 patients were included in the study. Common sonographic findings in COVID-19 patients were pleural line irregularity or shredding (70% of patients), followed by B – profile (59%), pleural line thickening (33%), occasional B – lines (26%), sub-pleural consolidations (35%), deep consolidations (6%), spared areas (13%), confluent B – lines or waterfall sign (14%) and pleural effusion (9%). These findings tended to be present more bilaterally and in lower lung zones. Sonographic characteristics like bilateral lung involvement, B – profile, spared areas and confluent B – lines or waterfall sign were significantly associated (p < 0.01) with clinical severity (more frequent with increasing disease severity). CONCLUSION: The lung sonographic findings of COVID-19 were found more bilaterally and in lower lung zones, and specific findings like B – profile, pleural thickening, spared areas and confluent B – lines or waterfall sign were associated with severe COVID-19. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675720307749 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.080 id: cord-257535-v8dwkngi author: Sen-Crowe, Brendon title: A state overview of COVID19 spread, interventions and preparedness date: 2020-04-11 words: 1032 sentences: 74 pages: flesch: 59 cache: ./cache/cord-257535-v8dwkngi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-257535-v8dwkngi.txt summary: In mid-March Washington state took measures to limit the spread of infection, by closing educational facilities, closing non-essential services, and a stay at home order (SAHO) 7 . After March 25 th the fatality rate increased slightly, and then showed a decreasing trend and lower percent increase in new cases ( Figure 2 ). However, their percent increase in cases over the past two weeks has decreased comparably to states in which a SAHO was in effect earlier ( Figure 2 ). To address the first issue, an executive order was issued, allowing the state to increase J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f hospital capacity 14 . The new rules allow for patient transfers to ambulatory surgery centers, freeing hospital beds for the critically ill 19 There is an association between implementing social distancing and a lowering of the percent increase of cases. During Coronavirus Briefing, Governor Cuomo Issues Executive Order Allowing State to Increase Hospital Capacity. abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302485?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.020 id: cord-316513-dbzj101e author: Sen-Crowe, Brendon title: Utilizing technology as a method of contact tracing and surveillance to minimize the risk of contracting COVID-19 infection date: 2020-07-04 words: 450 sentences: 35 pages: flesch: 58 cache: ./cache/cord-316513-dbzj101e.txt txt: ./txt/cord-316513-dbzj101e.txt summary: title: Utilizing technology as a method of contact tracing and surveillance to minimize the risk of contracting COVID-19 infection A call for new methods of testing and surveillance on a large scale will be important if we hope to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections. On example is the Oura ring (Ooura Health Ltd.''s, Oulu, Finland) which can detect physiologic changes and alert the possibility of infection. For example, one study at West Virginia Univeristy, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute predicted symptoms 24 hours prior to onset based on physiologic changes detected by the Oura ring, and aim to achieve a 3-day forecast in the future. In addition, early detection and contact tracing has the potential to conserve hospital resources that have become scarce throughout the pandemic. CDC Diagnostic Test for COVID-19 WVU Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute and Oura Health unveil study to predict the outbreak of COVID-19 in healthcare professionals abstract: nan url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675720305969 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.003 id: cord-334416-4tslee57 author: Sen-Crowe, Brendon title: Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Staying home save lives date: 2020-04-02 words: 1039 sentences: 70 pages: flesch: 58 cache: ./cache/cord-334416-4tslee57.txt txt: ./txt/cord-334416-4tslee57.txt summary: title: Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Staying home save lives With the incidence of COVID-19 increasing, it may only be time before the healthcare system becomes overwhelmed and forces physicians to triage treatment among critically ill patients. Social distancing is the practice of increasing the space between people in order to decrease the chance of spreading illness. Nationwide measures taken to minimize contact with potentially infected individuals include cancelling travel from China and Europe [10] . Social distancing has the potential to slow the rate of infection and reduce the peak of incidence, and then fewer critically ill patients would need care on any one day. Delaying the peak incidence to the summer holds potential for healthcare facilities to dedicate more resources to those ill with COVID-19. Social distancing is a realistic solution that all individuals can take part in to reduce the risk of infection while increasing available resources to critically ill patients, during this pandemic. abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.063 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.063 id: cord-350473-f47i7y5h author: Sen-Crowe, Brendon title: COVID-19 laboratory testing issues and capacities as we transition to surveillance testing and contact tracing date: 2020-05-27 words: 1099 sentences: 91 pages: flesch: 54 cache: ./cache/cord-350473-f47i7y5h.txt txt: ./txt/cord-350473-f47i7y5h.txt summary: The sensitivity of PCR tests have been estimated at 71%, resulting in ~30% of infected patients having a negative finding. The second type of test is serologic, which detects immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) specific for SARS-CoV-2 and provides an estimation of population virus exposure 4 . Many FDA-approved serologic tests have high sensitivity and specificity. To address the development of a reliable test, the Department of Health & Human Services (HHS) provided funding for the development of Simplexa COVID-19 Direct Assay and to QIAGEN to accelerate development of their RPS2 test 15 . Additionally, HHS is purchasing the ID NOW COVID-19 rapid point-of-care test (Abbott Diagnostics Scarborough Inc.) for public health labs (Table 1) 16 . Saliva is more sensitive for SARS-CoV-2 detection in COVID-19 patients than nasopharyngeal swabs abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.071 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.071 id: cord-317784-fl9zbgad author: Senthilkumaran, Subramanian title: Propofol in COVID 19 — From basic science to clinical impact date: 2020-07-09 words: 454 sentences: 31 pages: flesch: 41 cache: ./cache/cord-317784-fl9zbgad.txt txt: ./txt/cord-317784-fl9zbgad.txt summary: However, recently [3] it was demonstrated that propofol infusion increases ACE2 mediated conversion of angiotensin II to angiotensin, which results in a fall in angiotensin II levels and an elevation of angiotensin 1 to7; and these exhibit protective effects of lungs by way of recovery of endothelial cell function via an up-regulation of ACE2-Ang -Mas axis, subsequent to phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase to generate NO, and regulation of apoptosis-related protein such as bcl-2, caspase9. Propofol prevents human umbilical vein endothelial cell injury from ang II-induced apoptosis by activating the ACE2-(1-7)-Mas axis and eNOS phosphorylation Propofol stimulates nitric oxide release from cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells Effects of propofol on endothelial cells subjected to a peroxynitrite donor Effects of propofol on hemodynamic and inflammatory responses to endotoxemia in rats abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720306033?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.011 id: cord-322778-a411t2wg author: Skalidis, Ioannis title: Unenhanced computed tomography (CT) utility for triage at the emergency department during COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-07-28 words: 4081 sentences: 231 pages: flesch: 51 cache: ./cache/cord-322778-a411t2wg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-322778-a411t2wg.txt summary: We therefore conducted this retrospective study to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CT in patients presenting to ED with COVID-19 suspicion compared with both RT-PCR, which is currently used as a gold standard, and a clinical adjudication committee decision. After the completion of the study, the adjudication committee, blinded to the RT-PCR results, retrospectively reviewed the ED admission charts of all patients and graded the probability of COVID-19 by integrating data from several parts of the chart: the history section, the results of the clinical examination and the laboratory tests. After integrating the results of RT-PCR (integrating serial analyses if available) and the clinical follow-up in the referral hospital, their final consensus decision was considered as the reference diagnosis for COVID-19 infection. The study primary endpoints were the test diagnostic characteristics; specifically, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of CT first in comparison to RT-PCR as gold standard and, second, to the final adjudication committee decision. abstract: BACKGROUND: Unenhanced chest computed tomography (CT) can assist in the diagnosis and classification of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), complementing to the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests; the performance of which has yet to be validated in emergency department (ED) setting. The study sought to evaluate the diagnostic performance of chest CT in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 in ED. METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included 155 patients in ED who underwent both RT-PCR and chest CT for suspected COVID-19 from March 1st to April 1st, 2020. The clinical information, CT images and laboratory reports were reviewed and the performance of CT was assessed, using the RT-PCR as standard reference. Moreover, an adjudication committee retrospectively rated the probability of COVID-19 before and after the CT calculating the net reclassification improvement (NRI). Their final diagnosis was considered as reference. The proportion of patients with negative RT-PCR test that was directed to the referent hospital based on positive CT findings was also assessed. RESULTS: Among 155 patients, 42% had positive RT-PCR results, and 46% had positive CT findings. Chest CT showed a sensitivity of 84.6%, a specificity of 80.0% and a diagnostic accuracy of 81.9% in suggesting COVID-19 with RT-PCR as reference. Concurrently, corresponding values of 89.4%, 84.3% and 86.5% were retrieved with the adjudication committee diagnosis as reference. For the subgroup of patients with age > 65, specificity and sensitivity were 50% and 80.8%, respectively. In patients with negative RT-PCR results, 20% (18/90) had positive chest CT finding and 22% (4/18) of those were eventually considered as COVID-19 positive according to the adjudication committee. After CT, the estimated probability of COVID-19 changed in 10/104 (11%) patients with available data: 4 (4%) were downgraded, 6 (6%) upgraded. The NRI was 1.92% (NRI event −2.08% + NRI non-event 5.36%). No patient with negative RT-PCR but positive CT was eventually directed to hospital. CONCLUSION: Chest CT showed promising sensitivity for diagnosing COVID-19 across all patients' subgroups. However, CT did not modify the estimated probability of COVID-19 infection in a substantial proportion of patients and its utility as an emergency department triage tool warrants further analyses. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.058 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.058 id: cord-298640-zwg8ueyb author: Smereka, Jacek title: The use of personal protective equipment in the COVID-19 pandemic era date: 2020-04-15 words: 800 sentences: 44 pages: flesch: 41 cache: ./cache/cord-298640-zwg8ueyb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-298640-zwg8ueyb.txt summary: The use of personal protective equipment in the COVID-19 pandemic era American Journal of Emergency Medicine xxx (xxxx) xxx YAJEM-158899; No of Pages 2 At present, it is recommended to apply various types of equipment, including, in particular, partial protection of the environment through the use of surgical masks or ordinary face masks by persons with confirmed or potential SARS-CoV-2 infection; this may reduce the risk of infecting people in the environment, including medical personnel [3, 7] . At present, performing a number of procedures in emergency medicine is associated with additional problems and risks for medical personnel. Emergency physicians, anesthesiologists and intensive care specialists, as well as the relevant scientific societies issue recommendations concerning endotracheal intubation or other procedures dangerous for the medical personnel [1, 2] . COVID 19 a challenge for emergency medicine and every health care professional abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32305157/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.028 id: cord-333176-6v7ficfk author: Snell, Jonathan title: SARS-CoV-2 infection and its association with thrombosis and ischemic stroke: A review COVID-19, thrombosis, and ischemic stroke date: 2020-09-30 words: 2059 sentences: 122 pages: flesch: 45 cache: ./cache/cord-333176-6v7ficfk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-333176-6v7ficfk.txt summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection is well-documented to cause severe pneumonia, however, thrombosis and thrombotic complications, such as ischemic stroke, have also been documented in a variety of patient demographics. 5,6 This is likely due to the presence of asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and its current prevalence in the human population supports the infective potential of this novel coronavirus. 37 Imbalance of the interactions between ACE2 and the RAS axis may also contribute to the thromboembolic events seen in SARS-CoV-2 infection. 44, 45 Ischemic stroke due to occlusion of large arteries has been a documented complication of SARS-CoV infection in patients with minimal to no risk factors. 46 SARS-CoV-2 infection seems to also increase risk of developing ischemic stroke, among other neurological consequences. Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: A report of five cases Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Ischemic Stroke abstract: This review of current literature provides background to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as an examination of potential pathophysiologic mechanisms behind development of thrombosis and ischemic stroke related to COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection is well-documented to cause severe pneumonia, however, thrombosis and thrombotic complications, such as ischemic stroke, have also been documented in a variety of patient demographics. SARS-CoV-2 infection is known to cause a significant inflammatory response, as well as invasion of vascular endothelial cells, resulting in endothelial dysfunction. These factors, coupled with imbalance of ACE2 and RAS axis interactions, have been shown to create a prothrombotic environment, favoring thromboembolic events. Ischemic stroke is a severe complication of COVID-19 and may be a presenting symptom in some patients. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33036853/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.072 id: cord-027892-5ik9f6nx author: So, Mitsuhito title: The authors'' response: A diagnostic confusion between serotonin syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome date: 2020-06-25 words: 510 sentences: 38 pages: flesch: 54 cache: ./cache/cord-027892-5ik9f6nx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-027892-5ik9f6nx.txt summary: First, we could not describe the details of symptoms or the differential diagnosis in the text because of the word limit; therefore, we sincerely appreciate the authors/editors providing us the opportunity to describe the details of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) in patients with COVID-19 infection. The authors proposed a possible diagnosis of serotonin syndrome (SS) in our reported two cases of NMS following COVID-19 infection because both cases fulfilled the Sternbach''s criteria of SS [1] . In case 1, hyperreactivity symptoms such as tremor and myoclonus were not observed. This patient had loose stools and watery stools since the time of admission, but no apparent improvement was observed even after the discontinuation of the causative drugs. In case 2, hyperreactivity and rigidity findings such as tremor and myoclonus were not recognized. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patients with COVID-19 Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patients with COVID-19 abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7316042/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.048 id: cord-334705-vclkuink author: Sokas, Claire M. title: Is social distancing keeping patients from the ED?() date: 2020-07-16 words: 886 sentences: 63 pages: flesch: 54 cache: ./cache/cord-334705-vclkuink.txt txt: ./txt/cord-334705-vclkuink.txt summary: We sought to characterize perceptions of public health recommendations and explore the decision to seek medical care for common symptoms. To understand the impact on individual medical decision making, we asked participants to describe their approach to care for common symptoms before and during the pandemic, classifying behaviors according to escalation of care: 1) stay home and see if it gets better ("wait and see"); 2) call my doctor; 3) present to an emergency department (ED), urgent care (UC), or call 911. Most participants worry about their own and their family''s health, their ability to obtain medical care, and prolonged, severe illness if they contracted COVID-19. In the weeks following the initiation of public health recommendations, public perceptions were overall favorable and participants reported adherence to mandates in the setting of worry about personal health and reluctance to seek emergency care for COVID-19-related symptoms. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32712237/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.025 id: cord-341527-03rh966o author: Stockton, John title: Dexmedetomidine and worsening hypoxemia in the setting of COVID-19: A case report date: 2020-05-27 words: 1165 sentences: 71 pages: flesch: 48 cache: ./cache/cord-341527-03rh966o.txt txt: ./txt/cord-341527-03rh966o.txt summary: Here, we report a case of dexmedetomidine use in the setting of worsening hypoxemia, whereby oxygenation improved and intubation was avoided. Well known pharmacologic properties of the drug, namely the lack of respiratory depression and its anti-delirium effects, as well as other possible physiologic effects, suggest potential benefit for patients being managed with a delayed intubation approach. If dexmedetomidine can improve compliance with non-invasive oxygen support (the current recommended first-line therapy) while promoting better oxygenation, it may also decrease the need for mechanical ventilation and thus improve mortality. While early intubation was the initial recommended strategy for COVID-19 hypoxemia, a large case series in the US as well as data coming out of Britain, China, and Italy suggests a high mortality for patients requiring invasive ventilation [2] . In this case, we believe dexmedetomidine helped one patient avoid mechanical ventilation by improving compliance with non-invasive ventilation and promoting better oxygenation. abstract: Emergency department management of hypoxemia in the setting of COVID-19 is riddled with uncertainty. The lack of high-quality research has translated to an absence of clarity at the bedside. With disease spread outpacing treatment consensus, provider discretion has taken on a heightened role. Here, we report a case of dexmedetomidine use in the setting of worsening hypoxemia, whereby oxygenation improved and intubation was avoided. Well known pharmacologic properties of the drug, namely the lack of respiratory depression and its anti-delirium effects, as well as other possible physiologic effects, suggest potential benefit for patients being managed with a delayed intubation approach. If dexmedetomidine can improve compliance with non-invasive oxygen support (the current recommended first-line therapy) while promoting better oxygenation, it may also decrease the need for mechanical ventilation and thus improve mortality. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32475761/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.066 id: cord-311353-ozqfsuh8 author: Sun, Chun-Yang title: The role of Chinese medicine in COVID-19 pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-07-08 words: 1650 sentences: 125 pages: flesch: 50 cache: ./cache/cord-311353-ozqfsuh8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-311353-ozqfsuh8.txt summary: title: The role of Chinese medicine in COVID-19 pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis INTRODUCTION: Chinese medicine (CM) has been used to treat Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in China. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of CM in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia. CONCLUSION: According to the allocated data, CM has demonstrated clinical efficacy and safety on COVID-19 pneumonia, which need to be confirmed by high quality, multiple-center, large sample randomized controlled trials. Therefore, the meta-analysis method will be used to systematically review the clinical efficacy and safety of CM for COVID-19 pneumonia. Studies meeting the following criteria were included: (1) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using CM (including Chinese herbal medicine, Chinese patent medicine and Chinese medicine injections) to treat COVID-19 pneumonia regardless of J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f meta-analysis. abstract: INTRODUCTION: Chinese medicine (CM) has been used to treat Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in China. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of CM in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving CM in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia were identified from Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Database, Wanfang Database and VIP Information Database. The methodological quality of trials was evaluated with Cochrane Hanadbook criteria, and the Cochrane Collaboration's Review Manager 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 7 valid studies involving 681 patients were included. The meta-analysis exhibited in comparison to conventional treatment, CM combined with conventional treatment significantly improved clinical efficacy (RR = 1.21, 95% CI [1.08,1.36]), and significantly increased viral nucleic acid negative conversion rate (RR = 1.49, 95% CI [1.13,1.97]). CM also prominently reduced pulmonary inflammation (RR = 1.27, 95% CI [1.12,1.44]), and improved host immune function (WBC, MD = 0.92, 95% CI [0.07,1.76]; LYM, MD = 0.33, 95% CI [0.08,0.57]; LYM%, MD = 2.90, 95% CI [2.09,3.71]; CRP, MD = −12.66, 95% CI [−24.40, −0.92]). Meanwhile, CM did not increase the incidence of adverse reactions (RR = 1.17, 95% CI [0.39,3.52]). CONCLUSION: According to the allocated data, CM has demonstrated clinical efficacy and safety on COVID-19 pneumonia, which need to be confirmed by high quality, multiple-center, large sample randomized controlled trials. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675720305593 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.069 id: cord-264257-iu67n7qw author: Tsubokura, Masaharu title: The impact of H1N1 influenza A virus pandemic on the emergency medical service in Kobe date: 2010-02-12 words: 1350 sentences: 86 pages: flesch: 56 cache: ./cache/cord-264257-iu67n7qw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-264257-iu67n7qw.txt summary: title: The impact of H1N1 influenza A virus pandemic on the emergency medical service in Kobe To investigate the impacts of the H1N1 influenza pandemic on EMS, we studied the situation of EMS during the epidemic provided by the emergency paramedics. The number of hospitals with which the paramedics negotiated for patients'' transfer was comparable between the 2 periods ( Fig. 3 and Table 1 ), whereas the sojourn time at the site was prolonged in the postepidemic period (mean, 17.0 minutes; range, 4.0-70 minutes) compared with the preepidemic period (mean, 14.0 minutes; range, 1.0Fig. 1 The number of febrile patients who called an ambulance remained unchanged during the study period. Considering that the number of hospitals with which the paramedics negotiated for patients'' transfer was comparable between the 2 periods, this extra time was required to provide the hospitalists with precise information on febrile patients, including symptoms and records of oversea travel. abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675709005373 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2009.10.013 id: cord-297671-3d3gcn6k author: Venn, April M.R. title: A case series of pediatric croup with COVID-19 date: 2020-09-15 words: 2360 sentences: 153 pages: flesch: 59 cache: ./cache/cord-297671-3d3gcn6k.txt txt: ./txt/cord-297671-3d3gcn6k.txt summary: We describe three previously healthy children, admitted from our emergency department (ED) to our free-standing children''s hospital, as the first documented cases of croup as a manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. All three cases (ages 11 months, 2 years, and 9 years old) presented with non-specific upper-respiratory-tract symptoms that developed into a barky cough with associated stridor at rest and respiratory distress. The novel 2019 coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, responsible for COVID-19 disease, commonly presents in children with fever, cough or shortness of breath. [7] After an electronic health record database review, we describe this ca 1 se series of our ED''s only three cases, between March 1, 2020 and July 31, 2020, of children who received nebulized racemic epinephrine (NRE) and had a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection. [15] Pediatric croup patients who received ≥3 NRE in one children''s hospital were more likely to need intensive care management. abstract: We describe three previously healthy children, admitted from our emergency department (ED) to our free-standing children's hospital, as the first documented cases of croup as a manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. All three cases (ages 11 months, 2 years, and 9 years old) presented with non-specific upper-respiratory-tract symptoms that developed into a barky cough with associated stridor at rest and respiratory distress. All were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction testing from nasopharyngeal samples that were negative for all other pathogens including the most common etiologies for croup. Each received multiple (≥3) doses of nebulized racemic epinephrine with minimal to no improvement shortly after medication. All had a prolonged period of time from ED presentation until the resolution of their stridor at rest (13, 19, and 21 h). All received dexamethasone early in their ED treatment and all were admitted. All three received at least one additional dose of dexamethasone, an atypical treatment occurrence in our hospital, due to each patient's prolonged duration of symptoms. One child required heliox therapy and admission to intensive care. All patients were eventually discharged. Pathogen testing is usually not indicated in croup, but with “COVID-19 croup,” SARS-CoV-2 testing should be considered given the prognostic significance and prolonged quarantine implications. Our limited experience with this newly described COVID-19 croup condition suggests that cases can present with significant pathology and might not improve as rapidly as those with typical croup. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675720308299 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.034 id: cord-293535-9bj5ev1a author: Wang, Yushu title: The influence of corticosteroid on patients with COVID-19 infection: A meta-analysis date: 2020-06-23 words: 555 sentences: 37 pages: flesch: 57 cache: ./cache/cord-293535-9bj5ev1a.txt txt: ./txt/cord-293535-9bj5ev1a.txt summary: title: The influence of corticosteroid on patients with COVID-19 infection: A meta-analysis Therefore, we aim to perform this meta-analysis to identify the roles of corticosteroids in patients with or without severe COVID-19. An electronic search was performed in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), using the keywords "steroid" or "corticosteroid" or "cortisol" or "prednisolone" or "prednisone" or "glucocorticoid" or "hydrocortisone" or "dexamethasone" or "methylprednisolone" AND "novel coronavirus" or "2019-nCoV" or "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2" between 2019 and present time (i.e., up to May 7th, 2020) and without language restrictions. A total of 466 studies were originally identified based on our search criteria, 411 of which were excluded after title, abstract or full text reading since they were review articles, editorial materials or letters, and did not report the use of corticosteroid in patients with or without severe COVID-19. Correction to: Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720305283?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.040 id: cord-312623-ktswh3fu author: Werthman-Ehrenreich, Amanda title: Mucormycosis with orbital compartment syndrome in a patient with COVID-19 date: 2020-09-16 words: 1436 sentences: 98 pages: flesch: 39 cache: ./cache/cord-312623-ktswh3fu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-312623-ktswh3fu.txt summary: title: Mucormycosis with orbital compartment syndrome in a patient with COVID-19 I describe a novel case of COVID-19 in a previously healthy 33-year-old female who presented for altered mental status and proptosis. I describe a novel case of COVID-19 in a previously healthy 33-year-old female who presented for altered mental status and proptosis. She was ultimately diagnosed with mucormycosis and orbital compartment syndrome, in addition to COVID-19. Herein I present a case of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis in a patient who presented to the Emergency Department with altered mental status, proptosis, and COVID-19 infection. The most common clinical presentation of mucormycosis is rhino-orbital-cerebral infection, believed to be secondary to inhalation of spores into the paranasal sinuses of a susceptible host [1] . Seventy percent of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis cases have been found to be in patients with diabetes mellitus, most of whom had also developed ketoacidosis at the time of presentation. abstract: Abstract During the current pandemic of COVID-19, a myriad of manifestations and complications has emerged and are being reported on. We are discovering patients with COVID-19 are at increased risk of acute cardiac injury, arrythmias, thromboembolic complications (pulmonary embolism and acute stroke), and secondary infection to name a few. I describe a novel case of COVID-19 in a previously healthy 33-year-old female who presented for altered mental status and proptosis. She was ultimately diagnosed with mucormycosis and orbital compartment syndrome, in addition to COVID-19. Early identification of these high morbidity conditions is key to allow for optimal treatment and improved outcomes. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32972795/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.032 id: cord-333827-zpdnzwle author: Zhao, Jinqiu title: Potential risk factors for case fatality rate of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in China: A pooled analysis of individual patient data date: 2020-08-17 words: 2780 sentences: 171 pages: flesch: 55 cache: ./cache/cord-333827-zpdnzwle.txt txt: ./txt/cord-333827-zpdnzwle.txt summary: title: Potential risk factors for case fatality rate of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in China: A pooled analysis of individual patient data This study aims to perform the meta-analysis of risk factors for the case fatality rate (CFR) of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). After comparing the patients between fatal cases and non-fatal cases, several important factors are found to significantly increase the CFR in patients with COVID-19, and include the age ranging 60–70 (OR = 1.85; 95% CI = 1.62 to 2.11; P < .00001) and especially≥70 (OR = 8.45; 95% CI = 7.47 to 9.55; P < .00001), sex of male (OR = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.30 to 2.73; P = .0008), occupation of retirees (OR = 4.27; 95% CI = 2.50 to 7.28; P < .00001), and severe cases (OR = 691.76; 95% CI = 4.82 to 99,265.63; P = .01). abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Since the first case of the pneumonia caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is found in Wuhan, there have been more than 70,000 cases reported in China. This study aims to perform the meta-analysis of risk factors for the case fatality rate (CFR) of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). DESIGN AND METHODS: We have searched PubMed, Google scholar and medRxiv for the cohort studies involving risk factors for the CFR of COVID-19. This meta-analysis compares the risk factors of CFR between fatal patients and non-fatal patients. RESULTS: Two cohort studies are included in this study. After comparing the patients between fatal cases and non-fatal cases, several important factors are found to significantly increase the CFR in patients with COVID-19, and include the age ranging 60–70 (OR = 1.85; 95% CI = 1.62 to 2.11; P < .00001) and especially≥70 (OR = 8.45; 95% CI = 7.47 to 9.55; P < .00001), sex of male (OR = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.30 to 2.73; P = .0008), occupation of retirees (OR = 4.27; 95% CI = 2.50 to 7.28; P < .00001), and severe cases (OR = 691.76; 95% CI = 4.82 to 99,265.63; P = .01). As the advancement of early diagnosis and treatment, the CFR after January 21 (or 22), 2020 is substantially decreased in COVID-19 than before (OR = 0.21; 95% CI = 0.19 to 0.24; P < .00001). CONCLUSIONS: Several factors are confirmed to significantly improve the CFR in patients with COVID-19, which is very important for the treatment and good prognosis of these patients. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33131974/ doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.08.039 id: cord-308807-9yggo5yk author: Zheng, DavidX. title: National analysis of COVID-19 and older emergency physicians date: 2020-11-04 words: 609 sentences: 33 pages: flesch: 53 cache: ./cache/cord-308807-9yggo5yk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-308807-9yggo5yk.txt summary: On October 23, 2020, the U.S. reached a new pandemic record of 83,010 daily cases, 1 and all signs point toward an impending "second wave" or "third surge." Given the association between advanced age and COVID-19 severity, 2 our objective was to compare the geographic distribution of U.S. EPs age  60 years to the cumulative distribution of confirmed COVID-19 cases, to highlight the potential risks faced by this vulnerable population of clinicians. Emergency departments could also amend operations to prioritize reduction of nosocomial transmission risk among advanced age EPs (e.g., allocating critically limited PPE to higher-risk physicians, geographically cohorting patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection within an emergency department). States were grouped into color-coordinated quintiles based on relative proportion of older EPs, and cumulative COVID-19 case volumes were adjusted with a logarithmic scale to create proportionally-sized data points. abstract: nan url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0735675720309748 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.10.074 ==== make-pages.sh questions [ERIC WAS HERE] ==== make-pages.sh search /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/make-pages.sh: line 77: /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm: No such file or directory Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/tsv2htm-search.py", line 51, in with open( TEMPLATE, 'r' ) as handle : htm = handle.read() FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm' ==== make-pages.sh topic modeling corpus Zipping study carrel