Editors' Notes The Editors and the Association wish to thank the following individuals who were chair,s or discussants at the 1990 Economic History Association Meeting. Their comments helped the authors prepare their final drafts and provided invaluable advice to the Editors. J. Fred Bateman, Indiana University Jacques Berbier, University of Ottawa Michael Bernstein, University of California, San Diego Allan Bogue, University of Wisconsin Charles Calomiris, Northwestern University Fred Carstensen, University of Connecticut Lee A. Craig, North Carolina State University Paul A. David, Stanford University Trevor Dick, University of Lethbridge Joseph Feme, University of Chicago Price Fishback, University of Arizona Deborah Fitzgerald, MIT Lacy Ford, University of South Carolina Claudia Goldin, Harvard University Farley Grubb, University of Delaware Helen Hunter, Bryn Mawr College John James, University of Virginia Jane Knodell, University of Vermont Ann Kussmaul, Glendon College Frank Lewis, Queen's University Mary MacKinnon, McGill University Marvin Mclnnis, Queen's University Gloria Main, University of Colorado Joel Mokyr, Northwestern University Larry D. Neale, University of Illinois Cormac 6 Grada, University College, Dublin William N. Parker, Yale University Roger Ransom, University of California, Riverside Paul Rhode, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Winifred Rothenberg, Tufts University and MIT Morton Rothstein, University of California, Davis Richard Salvucci, University of California, Berkeley Harry N. Scheiber, University of California, Berkeley Lucy Simler, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Enrique Tandeter, University of Chicago Warren Weber, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis David Weir, Yale University Gavin Wright, Stanford University Mary E. Young, University of Rochester ECONOMIC HISTORY ASSOCIATION MEETING The fifty-first annual meeting of the Economic History Association will be held in Boulder, Colorado, from Friday, September 27, to Sunday, September 29, 1991. The preliminary program follows: 475 476 Editors' Notes Equipment, Innovation, and Growth James Bradford De Long, Harvard University, "Equipment Investment and Growth." Alexander J. Field, Santa Clara University, "The Electro-Magnetic Telegraph, Price and Quantity Data, and the New Management of Capital." Ross Thompson, New School for Social Research, "Machine Tools As a Technolog- ical Center." When Growth Stops: The Great Depression Revisited Christina D. Romer, University of California, Berkeley, "What Ended the Great Depression?" William Sundstrom, Santa Clara University, "Unemployment, Discrimination, and Demotion: Black Workers in the North During the Great Depression." David A. Zalewski, Providence College, and J. Peter Ferderer, Clark University, "An Empirical Analysis of Uncertainty and Investment During the Great Depression." Saving and Spending: Microeconomic Studies George Alter, Indiana University, Claudia Goldin, Harvard University, and Elyce Rotella, Indiana University, "Motives for Saving in the Nineteenth Century: Data from the Philadelphia Saving Fund Society at Mid-Century." Michael Haines, Colgate University, "Sources and Data for the Microeconomic Study of Saving Behavior." Jane Humphries and Sara Horrell, University of Cambridge, "Household Budgets in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries." Martha Olney, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, "Making Music, Stitching Seams: Determinants of Family Ownership of Musical Instruments and Sewing Ma- chines in Michigan, 1889 and 1890." Technology, Integration, and Competitiveness John Brown, Clark University, "Vertical Integration and Technological Change: German and British Cotton Textiles Before World War I." Edward Lorenz, University of Notre Dame, "An Institutional Explanation for Competitive Decline: The British Shipbuilding Industry, 1890-1970." Nancy Kane Ohanian, St. John Fisher University, "Vertical Integration in the U.S. Pulp and Paper Industry, 1900-1940." Paul L. Robertson, University of New South Wales, and Richard N. Langlois, University of Connecticut, Storrs, "Technological Choice and Industry Structure: British Textiles in the Nineteenth Century." Technological Change: New Evidence from Patents William Mass and Dane Morrison, University of Lowell, "The Trajectories of Technological Dynamism: Inventors and Innovation at the Draper Company." John S. Nader, State University of New York, Delhi, "Pockets of Invention: Localized Learning in the Midwestern Farm Implement Industry, 1850-1890." William H. Philips, University of South Carolina, "The Economic Geography of the American South: Patent Activity and Railroad Integration." Editors' Notes 477 Financing Investment Ann M. Carlos, University of Colorado, Boulder, and Frank Lewis, Queen's University, "Information and Securities' Prices: Evidence from the Grand Trunk and Great Western Railways of Canada, 1850-1880." Philip T. Hoffman, California Institute of Technology, Gilles Postel-Vinay, Institut National de R6cherches Agronomiques, Paris, and Jean-Laurent Rosenthal, University of California, Los Angeles, "Credit Markets in Paris: 1690-1840." Kenneth Snowden, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, "Innovation in the Nineteenth-Century Mortgage Market: A Tale of Two Failures." One Light, Many Objects: Fundamental Influences on Growth Joel Mokyr, Northwestern University, "Leadership and Inertia in Technological Change." Cynthia Taft Morris, Smith College, "The State and Domestic Capitalist Develop- ment in Its Early Phases: An Essay in Synthesis." Mancur Olson, University of Maryland, College Park, "Is It an Accident that Most of the Technological Leaders are Democracies?: The Historical Evidence." Paul David and Gavin Wright, Stanford University, "Resource Abundance and American Economic Leadership." Regional Perspectives on Followership Alfred G. Espoto, Eastern Michigan University, "Italian Industrialization and the Gerschenkronian 'Great Spurt': A Regional Analysis." William K. Hutchinson, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, " U . S . Regional Growth: The Proximate Causes, 1870-1910." Paul Rhode, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, "California's Emergence As the Second Industrial Belt—The Growth of the Western Automobile and Rubber Tire Industries." Vikan Tchakerian, University of California, Los Angeles, "Economies of Scale, Extent of Markets, and Industrialization in the Late Antebellum South and Midwest." Entrepreneurs, Workers, and Human Capital Raymond L. Cohn, Illinois State University, Normal, "The Occupations of European Immigrants to the United States, 1836-1853." Farley Grubb, "Educational Choice in the Era Before Free Public Schooling: Evidence from Immigrant Children in Pennsylvania, 1771-1820." John R. Hanson II, Texas A&M University, "Human Capital and Foreign Investment in LDCs." William Lazonick, Barnard College, "Learning and the Dynamics of International Competitive Advantage." Women, Work, and Welfare Kris Inwood, University of Guelph, "Firm Size and Gender in Canadian Industry, 1870-1871." Sherrie A. Kossoudji and Laura J. Dresser, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, "Why Did Women Retreat from the Industrial Labor Force in the Post-World War II Period?" 478 Editors' Notes Stephen Nicholas and Deborah Oxley, Australian National University, "Living Standards of English and Irish Women, 1785-1825." Technological Progress in the Early Years of the USSR Andrei A. Belykh, Leningrad University, "Rival Programs in the 1920s." Michael R. Dohan, Queens College, "Dealing with Inflationary Pressures." Holland Hunter, Haverford College, "Incentives for, and Barriers to, Innovation." SHELBY CULLOM DAVIS CENTER FOR HISTORICAL STUDIES SEMINAR AND FELLOWSHIPS In the two academic years 1992-1994 the subject of the Seminar of the Shelby Cullom Davis Center for Historical Studies at Princeton University will be "Proof and Persuasion." The Davis Center invites applications for fellowships or proposals for papers on the allied themes of proof and persuasion. We welcome applications from people working in all periods and geographical areas, and from other disciplines. The center will offer a limited number of Research Fellowships for one or two semesters. Inquiries and requests for fellowship application forms should be addressed to the Secretary, Shelby Cullom Davis Center for Historical Studies, 129 Dickinson Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1017, USA. The deadline for applications and letters of recommendation for fellowships for 1992-1993 is December 1, 1991, and for 1993-1994 is December 1, 1992. Scholars who would like to offer a paper to one of the weekly seminars are asked to send a brief description of their proposal and a current curriculum vitae to the director, Natalie Zemon Davis. VILLA I TATTI FELLOWSHIPS The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies will award ten or more stipendiary fellowships, and a limited number of nonstipendiary fellowships, for independent study on any aspect of the Italian Renaissance for the academic year 1992-1993. The fellowships are for scholars of any nationality, normally postdoctoral and in the earlier stages of their careers. The maximum grant will be $27,500; most will be considerably less. Fellowships run from July 1, 1992, to June 30, 1993. Applicants should send a completed application form, a curriculum vitae, a project description, and confidential letters of recommendation from three senior scholars familiar with their work to the Director, Professor Walter Kaiser, Villa I Tatti, Via di Vincigliata 26, 50135 Florence, Italy, to arrive no later than October 15,1991. Duplicates should be sent to the Villa I Tatti office, Harvard University, 124 Mt. Auburn Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Application forms can be obtained from either Villa I Tatti office. ORAL HISTORY ASSOCIATION MEETING The Oral History Association will hold its 1992 Annual Meeting October 15-18, 1992, at the Stouffer Tower City Hotel in Cleveland, OH. Proposals for papers, panels, media presentations, or entire sessions should be sent by December 1, 1991, to Dr. Donna M. DeBlasio, Program Chair, Youngstown Historical Center of Industry and Labor, P.O. Box 533, Youngstown, OH 44501. CONFERENCE The thirteenth annual North American Labor History Conference, sponsored by the Walter P. Reuther Library and the Department of History of Wayne State University, will be held October 17-19, 1991, in Detroit, MI, on the theme of "Men, Women, and Editors' Notes 479 Labor: Perspectives on Gender and Labor History." This year's conference will focus on gender in labor history. Scholars from across disciplines and methodological approaches will examine such questions as gender and synthesis in labor history; the role of gender ideology in labor solidarity; and labor organizing, strike behavior, and union leadership. For further information, contact Elizabeth Faue, Department of History, 3094 Faculty Administration Building, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202.