id sid tid token lemma pos 1880 1 1 Improving improve VBG 1880 1 2 Independent Independent NNP 1880 1 3 Student Student NNP 1880 1 4 Navigation Navigation NNP 1880 1 5 of of IN 1880 1 6 Complex Complex NNP 1880 1 7 Educational Educational NNP 1880 1 8 Web web NN 1880 1 9 Sites site NNS 1880 1 10 : : : 1880 1 11 An an DT 1880 1 12 Analysis Analysis NNP 1880 1 13 of of IN 1880 1 14 Two two CD 1880 1 15 Navigation Navigation NNP 1880 1 16 Design Design NNP 1880 1 17 Changes Changes NNPS 1880 1 18 in in IN 1880 1 19 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 1 20 Kate Kate NNP 1880 1 21 A. a. NN 1880 1 22 Pittsley Pittsley NNP 1880 1 23 and and CC 1880 1 24 Sara Sara NNP 1880 1 25 Memmott Memmott NNP 1880 1 26 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 1880 1 27 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 1880 1 28 AND and CC 1880 1 29 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 1880 1 30 | | JJ 1880 1 31 SE SE NNP 1880 1 32 PTEMBER PTEMBER NNP 1880 1 33 2012 2012 CD 1880 1 34 52 52 CD 1880 1 35 ABSTRACT ABSTRACT NNP 1880 1 36 Can Can MD 1880 1 37 the the DT 1880 1 38 navigation navigation NN 1880 1 39 of of IN 1880 1 40 complex complex JJ 1880 1 41 research research NN 1880 1 42 websites website NNS 1880 1 43 be be VB 1880 1 44 improved improve VBN 1880 1 45 so so IN 1880 1 46 that that IN 1880 1 47 users user NNS 1880 1 48 more more RBR 1880 1 49 often often RB 1880 1 50 find find VBP 1880 1 51 their -PRON- PRP$ 1880 1 52 way way NN 1880 1 53 without without IN 1880 1 54 intermediation intermediation NN 1880 1 55 or or CC 1880 1 56 instruction instruction NN 1880 1 57 ? ? . 1880 2 1 Librarians librarian NNS 1880 2 2 at at IN 1880 2 3 Eastern Eastern NNP 1880 2 4 Michigan Michigan NNP 1880 2 5 University University NNP 1880 2 6 discovered discover VBD 1880 2 7 both both DT 1880 2 8 anecdotally anecdotally RB 1880 2 9 and and CC 1880 2 10 by by IN 1880 2 11 looking look VBG 1880 2 12 at at IN 1880 2 13 patterns pattern NNS 1880 2 14 in in IN 1880 2 15 usage usage NN 1880 2 16 statistics statistic NNS 1880 2 17 that that WDT 1880 2 18 some some DT 1880 2 19 students student NNS 1880 2 20 were be VBD 1880 2 21 not not RB 1880 2 22 recognizing recognize VBG 1880 2 23 navigational navigational JJ 1880 2 24 elements element NNS 1880 2 25 on on IN 1880 2 26 web web NN 1880 2 27 - - HYPH 1880 2 28 based base VBN 1880 2 29 research research NN 1880 2 30 guides guide NNS 1880 2 31 , , , 1880 2 32 and and CC 1880 2 33 so so RB 1880 2 34 were be VBD 1880 2 35 not not RB 1880 2 36 always always RB 1880 2 37 accessing access VBG 1880 2 38 secondary secondary JJ 1880 2 39 pages page NNS 1880 2 40 of of IN 1880 2 41 the the DT 1880 2 42 guides guide NNS 1880 2 43 . . . 1880 3 1 In in IN 1880 3 2 this this DT 1880 3 3 study study NN 1880 3 4 , , , 1880 3 5 two two CD 1880 3 6 types type NNS 1880 3 7 of of IN 1880 3 8 navigation navigation NN 1880 3 9 improvements improvement NNS 1880 3 10 were be VBD 1880 3 11 applied apply VBN 1880 3 12 to to IN 1880 3 13 separate separate JJ 1880 3 14 sets set NNS 1880 3 15 of of IN 1880 3 16 online online JJ 1880 3 17 guides guide NNS 1880 3 18 . . . 1880 4 1 Usage usage NN 1880 4 2 patterns pattern NNS 1880 4 3 from from IN 1880 4 4 before before RB 1880 4 5 and and CC 1880 4 6 after after IN 1880 4 7 the the DT 1880 4 8 changes change NNS 1880 4 9 were be VBD 1880 4 10 analyzed analyze VBN 1880 4 11 . . . 1880 5 1 Both both DT 1880 5 2 sets set NNS 1880 5 3 of of IN 1880 5 4 experimental experimental JJ 1880 5 5 guides guide NNS 1880 5 6 showed show VBD 1880 5 7 an an DT 1880 5 8 increase increase NN 1880 5 9 in in IN 1880 5 10 use use NN 1880 5 11 of of IN 1880 5 12 secondary secondary JJ 1880 5 13 guide guide NN 1880 5 14 pages page NNS 1880 5 15 after after IN 1880 5 16 the the DT 1880 5 17 changes change NNS 1880 5 18 were be VBD 1880 5 19 applied apply VBN 1880 5 20 whereas whereas IN 1880 5 21 a a DT 1880 5 22 comparison comparison NN 1880 5 23 group group NN 1880 5 24 with with IN 1880 5 25 no no DT 1880 5 26 navigation navigation NN 1880 5 27 changes change NNS 1880 5 28 showed show VBD 1880 5 29 no no DT 1880 5 30 significant significant JJ 1880 5 31 change change NN 1880 5 32 in in IN 1880 5 33 usage usage NN 1880 5 34 patterns pattern NNS 1880 5 35 . . . 1880 6 1 In in IN 1880 6 2 this this DT 1880 6 3 case case NN 1880 6 4 , , , 1880 6 5 both both CC 1880 6 6 duplicate duplicate VBP 1880 6 7 menu menu NN 1880 6 8 links link NNS 1880 6 9 and and CC 1880 6 10 improvements improvement NNS 1880 6 11 to to TO 1880 6 12 tab tab VB 1880 6 13 design design NN 1880 6 14 appeared appear VBD 1880 6 15 to to TO 1880 6 16 improve improve VB 1880 6 17 independent independent JJ 1880 6 18 student student NN 1880 6 19 navigation navigation NN 1880 6 20 of of IN 1880 6 21 complex complex JJ 1880 6 22 research research NN 1880 6 23 sites site NNS 1880 6 24 . . . 1880 7 1 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION NNP 1880 7 2 Anecdotal anecdotal JJ 1880 7 3 evidence evidence NN 1880 7 4 led lead VBD 1880 7 5 librarians librarian NNS 1880 7 6 at at IN 1880 7 7 Eastern Eastern NNP 1880 7 8 Michigan Michigan NNP 1880 7 9 University University NNP 1880 7 10 ( ( -LRB- 1880 7 11 EMU EMU NNP 1880 7 12 ) ) -RRB- 1880 7 13 to to TO 1880 7 14 investigate investigate VB 1880 7 15 possible possible JJ 1880 7 16 navigation navigation NN 1880 7 17 issues issue NNS 1880 7 18 related relate VBN 1880 7 19 to to IN 1880 7 20 the the DT 1880 7 21 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 7 22 platform platform NN 1880 7 23 . . . 1880 8 1 Anecdotal anecdotal JJ 1880 8 2 evidence evidence NN 1880 8 3 included include VBD 1880 8 4 ( ( -LRB- 1880 8 5 1 1 LS 1880 8 6 ) ) -RRB- 1880 8 7 incidents incident NNS 1880 8 8 of of IN 1880 8 9 EMU EMU NNP 1880 8 10 librarians librarian NNS 1880 8 11 not not RB 1880 8 12 immediately immediately RB 1880 8 13 recognizing recognize VBG 1880 8 14 the the DT 1880 8 15 tab tab NNP 1880 8 16 navigation navigation NN 1880 8 17 when when WRB 1880 8 18 looking look VBG 1880 8 19 at at IN 1880 8 20 implementations implementation NNS 1880 8 21 of of IN 1880 8 22 the the DT 1880 8 23 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 8 24 platform platform NN 1880 8 25 on on IN 1880 8 26 other other JJ 1880 8 27 university university NN 1880 8 28 sites site NNS 1880 8 29 during during IN 1880 8 30 the the DT 1880 8 31 initial initial JJ 1880 8 32 purchase purchase NN 1880 8 33 evaluation evaluation NN 1880 8 34 , , , 1880 8 35 ( ( -LRB- 1880 8 36 2 2 LS 1880 8 37 ) ) -RRB- 1880 8 38 multiple multiple JJ 1880 8 39 encounters encounter NNS 1880 8 40 with with IN 1880 8 41 students student NNS 1880 8 42 at at IN 1880 8 43 the the DT 1880 8 44 reference reference NN 1880 8 45 desk desk NN 1880 8 46 who who WP 1880 8 47 did do VBD 1880 8 48 not not RB 1880 8 49 notice notice VB 1880 8 50 the the DT 1880 8 51 tab tab NNP 1880 8 52 navigation navigation NN 1880 8 53 , , , 1880 8 54 and and CC 1880 8 55 ( ( -LRB- 1880 8 56 3 3 LS 1880 8 57 ) ) -RRB- 1880 8 58 a a DT 1880 8 59 specific specific JJ 1880 8 60 case case NN 1880 8 61 involving involve VBG 1880 8 62 use use NN 1880 8 63 of of IN 1880 8 64 a a DT 1880 8 65 guide guide NN 1880 8 66 with with IN 1880 8 67 an an DT 1880 8 68 online online JJ 1880 8 69 course course NN 1880 8 70 . . . 1880 9 1 The the DT 1880 9 2 case case NN 1880 9 3 investigation investigation NN 1880 9 4 started start VBD 1880 9 5 with with IN 1880 9 6 a a DT 1880 9 7 complaint complaint NN 1880 9 8 from from IN 1880 9 9 a a DT 1880 9 10 professor professor NN 1880 9 11 that that WDT 1880 9 12 graduate graduate VBP 1880 9 13 students student NNS 1880 9 14 in in IN 1880 9 15 her -PRON- PRP$ 1880 9 16 online online JJ 1880 9 17 course course NN 1880 9 18 were be VBD 1880 9 19 suddenly suddenly RB 1880 9 20 using use VBG 1880 9 21 far far RB 1880 9 22 fewer few JJR 1880 9 23 resources resource NNS 1880 9 24 than than IN 1880 9 25 students student NNS 1880 9 26 in in IN 1880 9 27 the the DT 1880 9 28 same same JJ 1880 9 29 course course NN 1880 9 30 during during IN 1880 9 31 previous previous JJ 1880 9 32 semesters semester NNS 1880 9 33 . . . 1880 10 1 The the DT 1880 10 2 students student NNS 1880 10 3 in in IN 1880 10 4 that that DT 1880 10 5 semester semester NN 1880 10 6 ’s ’s POS 1880 10 7 section section NN 1880 10 8 relied rely VBD 1880 10 9 heavily heavily RB 1880 10 10 — — : 1880 10 11 often often RB 1880 10 12 solely solely RB 1880 10 13 — — : 1880 10 14 on on IN 1880 10 15 one one CD 1880 10 16 database database NN 1880 10 17 , , , 1880 10 18 while while IN 1880 10 19 most most JJS 1880 10 20 students student NNS 1880 10 21 during during IN 1880 10 22 previous previous JJ 1880 10 23 semesters semester NNS 1880 10 24 had have VBD 1880 10 25 used use VBN 1880 10 26 multiple multiple JJ 1880 10 27 research research NN 1880 10 28 sources source NNS 1880 10 29 . . . 1880 11 1 This this DT 1880 11 2 course course NN 1880 11 3 has have VBZ 1880 11 4 always always RB 1880 11 5 relied rely VBN 1880 11 6 on on IN 1880 11 7 a a DT 1880 11 8 research research NN 1880 11 9 guide guide NN 1880 11 10 prepared prepare VBN 1880 11 11 by by IN 1880 11 12 the the DT 1880 11 13 liaison liaison NN 1880 11 14 librarian librarian NN 1880 11 15 , , , 1880 11 16 the the DT 1880 11 17 selection selection NN 1880 11 18 of of IN 1880 11 19 resources resource NNS 1880 11 20 provided provide VBN 1880 11 21 had have VBD 1880 11 22 not not RB 1880 11 23 changed change VBN 1880 11 24 significantly significantly RB 1880 11 25 between between IN 1880 11 26 the the DT 1880 11 27 semesters semester NNS 1880 11 28 , , , 1880 11 29 and and CC 1880 11 30 the the DT 1880 11 31 assignment assignment NN 1880 11 32 had have VBD 1880 11 33 not not RB 1880 11 34 changed change VBN 1880 11 35 . . . 1880 12 1 Furthermore furthermore RB 1880 12 2 , , , 1880 12 3 the the DT 1880 12 4 same same JJ 1880 12 5 professor professor NN 1880 12 6 taught teach VBD 1880 12 7 the the DT 1880 12 8 course course NN 1880 12 9 and and CC 1880 12 10 did do VBD 1880 12 11 not not RB 1880 12 12 alter alter VB 1880 12 13 her -PRON- PRP$ 1880 12 14 recommendation recommendation NN 1880 12 15 to to IN 1880 12 16 the the DT 1880 12 17 students student NNS 1880 12 18 to to TO 1880 12 19 use use VB 1880 12 20 the the DT 1880 12 21 resources resource NNS 1880 12 22 on on IN 1880 12 23 the the DT 1880 12 24 research research NN 1880 12 25 guide guide NN 1880 12 26 . . . 1880 13 1 What what WP 1880 13 2 had have VBD 1880 13 3 changed change VBN 1880 13 4 between between IN 1880 13 5 the the DT 1880 13 6 semesters semester NNS 1880 13 7 was be VBD 1880 13 8 the the DT 1880 13 9 platform platform NN 1880 13 10 used use VBN 1880 13 11 to to TO 1880 13 12 present present VB 1880 13 13 research research NN 1880 13 14 guides guide NNS 1880 13 15 . . . 1880 14 1 The the DT 1880 14 2 library library NN 1880 14 3 had have VBD 1880 14 4 just just RB 1880 14 5 migrated migrate VBN 1880 14 6 from from IN 1880 14 7 a a DT 1880 14 8 simple simple JJ 1880 14 9 one one CD 1880 14 10 - - HYPH 1880 14 11 page page NN 1880 14 12 format format NN 1880 14 13 for for IN 1880 14 14 research research NN 1880 14 15 guides guide VBZ 1880 14 16 to to IN 1880 14 17 the the DT 1880 14 18 more more RBR 1880 14 19 flexible flexible JJ 1880 14 20 multipage multipage NN 1880 14 21 format format NN 1880 14 22 offered offer VBN 1880 14 23 by by IN 1880 14 24 the the DT 1880 14 25 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 14 26 platform platform NN 1880 14 27 . . . 1880 15 1 Only only RB 1880 15 2 a a DT 1880 15 3 few few JJ 1880 15 4 resources resource NNS 1880 15 5 were be VBD 1880 15 6 listed list VBN 1880 15 7 on on IN 1880 15 8 the the DT 1880 15 9 first first JJ 1880 15 10 Kate Kate NNP 1880 15 11 A. a. NN 1880 15 12 Pittsley Pittsley NNP 1880 15 13 ( ( -LRB- 1880 15 14 kpittsle@emich.edu kpittsle@emich.edu NNP 1880 15 15 ) ) -RRB- 1880 15 16 is be VBZ 1880 15 17 an an DT 1880 15 18 Assistant Assistant NNP 1880 15 19 Professor Professor NNP 1880 15 20 and and CC 1880 15 21 Business Business NNP 1880 15 22 Information Information NNP 1880 15 23 Librarian Librarian NNP 1880 15 24 and and CC 1880 15 25 Sara Sara NNP 1880 15 26 Memmott Memmott NNP 1880 15 27 ( ( -LRB- 1880 15 28 smemmott@emich.edu smemmott@emich.edu NNP 1880 15 29 ) ) -RRB- 1880 15 30 is be VBZ 1880 15 31 an an DT 1880 15 32 Instructor Instructor NNP 1880 15 33 and and CC 1880 15 34 Emerging Emerging NNP 1880 15 35 Technologies Technologies NNPS 1880 15 36 Librarian Librarian NNP 1880 15 37 at at IN 1880 15 38 Eastern Eastern NNP 1880 15 39 Michigan Michigan NNP 1880 15 40 University University NNP 1880 15 41 , , , 1880 15 42 Ypsilanti Ypsilanti NNP 1880 15 43 , , , 1880 15 44 Michigan Michigan NNP 1880 15 45 . . . 1880 16 1 IMPROVING improve VBG 1880 16 2 INDEPENDENT INDEPENDENT NNP 1880 16 3 STUDENT student NN 1880 16 4 NAVIGATION navigation NN 1880 16 5 OF of IN 1880 16 6 COMPLEX complex NN 1880 16 7 EDUCATIONAL educational JJ 1880 16 8 WEBSITES website NNS 1880 16 9 | | VBD 1880 16 10 PITTSLEY PITTSLEY NNS 1880 16 11 AND and CC 1880 16 12 MEMMOTT MEMMOTT NNP 1880 16 13 53 53 CD 1880 16 14 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 16 15 page page NN 1880 16 16 of of IN 1880 16 17 the the DT 1880 16 18 guide guide NN 1880 16 19 used use VBN 1880 16 20 for for IN 1880 16 21 the the DT 1880 16 22 course course NN 1880 16 23 . . . 1880 17 1 Only only RB 1880 17 2 one one CD 1880 17 3 of of IN 1880 17 4 these these DT 1880 17 5 resources resource NNS 1880 17 6 was be VBD 1880 17 7 a a DT 1880 17 8 subscription subscription NN 1880 17 9 database database NN 1880 17 10 , , , 1880 17 11 and and CC 1880 17 12 that that DT 1880 17 13 database database NN 1880 17 14 was be VBD 1880 17 15 the the DT 1880 17 16 one one NN 1880 17 17 that that IN 1880 17 18 current current JJ 1880 17 19 students student NNS 1880 17 20 were be VBD 1880 17 21 using use VBG 1880 17 22 to to IN 1880 17 23 the the DT 1880 17 24 exclusion exclusion NN 1880 17 25 of of IN 1880 17 26 many many JJ 1880 17 27 other other JJ 1880 17 28 useful useful JJ 1880 17 29 sources source NNS 1880 17 30 . . . 1880 18 1 After after IN 1880 18 2 speaking speak VBG 1880 18 3 with with IN 1880 18 4 the the DT 1880 18 5 professor professor NN 1880 18 6 , , , 1880 18 7 the the DT 1880 18 8 liaison liaison NN 1880 18 9 librarian librarian NN 1880 18 10 also also RB 1880 18 11 worked work VBD 1880 18 12 one one CD 1880 18 13 - - HYPH 1880 18 14 on on IN 1880 18 15 - - HYPH 1880 18 16 one one NN 1880 18 17 with with IN 1880 18 18 a a DT 1880 18 19 student student NN 1880 18 20 in in IN 1880 18 21 the the DT 1880 18 22 course course NN 1880 18 23 . . . 1880 19 1 The the DT 1880 19 2 student student NN 1880 19 3 confirmed confirm VBD 1880 19 4 that that IN 1880 19 5 she -PRON- PRP 1880 19 6 had have VBD 1880 19 7 not not RB 1880 19 8 noticed notice VBN 1880 19 9 the the DT 1880 19 10 tab tab NNP 1880 19 11 navigation navigation NN 1880 19 12 and and CC 1880 19 13 so so RB 1880 19 14 was be VBD 1880 19 15 unaware unaware JJ 1880 19 16 of of IN 1880 19 17 the the DT 1880 19 18 numerous numerous JJ 1880 19 19 resources resource NNS 1880 19 20 offered offer VBN 1880 19 21 on on IN 1880 19 22 subsequent subsequent JJ 1880 19 23 pages page NNS 1880 19 24 . . . 1880 20 1 The the DT 1880 20 2 professor professor NN 1880 20 3 then then RB 1880 20 4 sent send VBD 1880 20 5 a a DT 1880 20 6 message message NN 1880 20 7 to to IN 1880 20 8 all all DT 1880 20 9 students student NNS 1880 20 10 in in IN 1880 20 11 the the DT 1880 20 12 course course NN 1880 20 13 explaining explain VBG 1880 20 14 the the DT 1880 20 15 tab tab NN 1880 20 16 navigation navigation NN 1880 20 17 . . . 1880 21 1 Subsequently subsequently RB 1880 21 2 the the DT 1880 21 3 professor professor NN 1880 21 4 reported report VBD 1880 21 5 that that IN 1880 21 6 students student NNS 1880 21 7 in in IN 1880 21 8 the the DT 1880 21 9 course course NN 1880 21 10 used use VBD 1880 21 11 a a DT 1880 21 12 much much RB 1880 21 13 wider wide JJR 1880 21 14 range range NN 1880 21 15 of of IN 1880 21 16 sources source NNS 1880 21 17 in in IN 1880 21 18 assignments assignment NNS 1880 21 19 . . . 1880 22 1 Statistical statistical JJ 1880 22 2 Evidence evidence NN 1880 22 3 of of IN 1880 22 4 the the DT 1880 22 5 Problem Problem NNP 1880 22 6 A A NNP 1880 22 7 look look NN 1880 22 8 at at IN 1880 22 9 statistics statistic NNS 1880 22 10 on on IN 1880 22 11 guide guide NN 1880 22 12 use use NN 1880 22 13 for for IN 1880 22 14 fall fall NN 1880 22 15 2010 2010 CD 1880 22 16 showed show VBD 1880 22 17 that that IN 1880 22 18 on on IN 1880 22 19 almost almost RB 1880 22 20 all all DT 1880 22 21 guides guide NNS 1880 22 22 the the DT 1880 22 23 first first JJ 1880 22 24 pages page NNS 1880 22 25 of of IN 1880 22 26 guides guide NNS 1880 22 27 were be VBD 1880 22 28 the the DT 1880 22 29 most most RBS 1880 22 30 heavily heavily RB 1880 22 31 used use VBN 1880 22 32 . . . 1880 23 1 As as IN 1880 23 2 the the DT 1880 23 3 usual usual JJ 1880 23 4 entry entry NN 1880 23 5 point point NN 1880 23 6 , , , 1880 23 7 it -PRON- PRP 1880 23 8 was be VBD 1880 23 9 n’t not RB 1880 23 10 surprising surprising JJ 1880 23 11 that that IN 1880 23 12 the the DT 1880 23 13 first first JJ 1880 23 14 pages page NNS 1880 23 15 would would MD 1880 23 16 receive receive VB 1880 23 17 the the DT 1880 23 18 most most JJS 1880 23 19 use use NN 1880 23 20 ; ; : 1880 23 21 however however RB 1880 23 22 , , , 1880 23 23 on on IN 1880 23 24 many many JJ 1880 23 25 multipage multipage NN 1880 23 26 guides guide NNS 1880 23 27 , , , 1880 23 28 the the DT 1880 23 29 difference difference NN 1880 23 30 in in IN 1880 23 31 use use NN 1880 23 32 between between IN 1880 23 33 the the DT 1880 23 34 first first JJ 1880 23 35 page page NN 1880 23 36 and and CC 1880 23 37 all all DT 1880 23 38 secondary secondary JJ 1880 23 39 pages page NNS 1880 23 40 was be VBD 1880 23 41 dramatic dramatic JJ 1880 23 42 . . . 1880 24 1 That that IN 1880 24 2 users user NNS 1880 24 3 missed miss VBD 1880 24 4 the the DT 1880 24 5 tab tab NNP 1880 24 6 navigation navigation NN 1880 24 7 and and CC 1880 24 8 so so RB 1880 24 9 did do VBD 1880 24 10 not not RB 1880 24 11 realize realize VB 1880 24 12 additional additional JJ 1880 24 13 guide guide NN 1880 24 14 pages page NNS 1880 24 15 existed exist VBD 1880 24 16 seemed seem VBN 1880 24 17 like like IN 1880 24 18 a a DT 1880 24 19 possible possible JJ 1880 24 20 explanation explanation NN 1880 24 21 for for IN 1880 24 22 this this DT 1880 24 23 usage usage NN 1880 24 24 pattern pattern NN 1880 24 25 . . . 1880 25 1 Librarians librarian NNS 1880 25 2 felt feel VBD 1880 25 3 strongly strongly RB 1880 25 4 that that IN 1880 25 5 most most JJS 1880 25 6 users user NNS 1880 25 7 should should MD 1880 25 8 be be VB 1880 25 9 able able JJ 1880 25 10 to to TO 1880 25 11 navigate navigate VB 1880 25 12 guides guide NNS 1880 25 13 without without IN 1880 25 14 direct direct JJ 1880 25 15 instruction instruction NN 1880 25 16 in in IN 1880 25 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 1880 25 18 use use NN 1880 25 19 , , , 1880 25 20 and and CC 1880 25 21 they -PRON- PRP 1880 25 22 were be VBD 1880 25 23 concerned concern VBN 1880 25 24 by by IN 1880 25 25 the the DT 1880 25 26 evidence evidence NN 1880 25 27 that that WDT 1880 25 28 indicated indicate VBD 1880 25 29 problems problem NNS 1880 25 30 with with IN 1880 25 31 the the DT 1880 25 32 guide guide NN 1880 25 33 navigation navigation NN 1880 25 34 . . . 1880 26 1 Was be VBD 1880 26 2 there there RB 1880 26 3 something something NN 1880 26 4 that that WDT 1880 26 5 could could MD 1880 26 6 be be VB 1880 26 7 done do VBN 1880 26 8 to to TO 1880 26 9 improve improve VB 1880 26 10 independent independent JJ 1880 26 11 student student NN 1880 26 12 navigation navigation NN 1880 26 13 in in IN 1880 26 14 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 26 15 ? ? . 1880 27 1 Two two CD 1880 27 2 types type NNS 1880 27 3 of of IN 1880 27 4 design design NN 1880 27 5 changes change NNS 1880 27 6 to to IN 1880 27 7 navigation navigation NN 1880 27 8 were be VBD 1880 27 9 considered consider VBN 1880 27 10 . . . 1880 28 1 To to TO 1880 28 2 test test VB 1880 28 3 the the DT 1880 28 4 changes change NNS 1880 28 5 , , , 1880 28 6 each each DT 1880 28 7 navigation navigation NN 1880 28 8 change change NN 1880 28 9 was be VBD 1880 28 10 applied apply VBN 1880 28 11 to to IN 1880 28 12 separate separate JJ 1880 28 13 sets set NNS 1880 28 14 of of IN 1880 28 15 guides guide NNS 1880 28 16 . . . 1880 29 1 Usage usage NN 1880 29 2 patterns pattern NNS 1880 29 3 were be VBD 1880 29 4 then then RB 1880 29 5 compared compare VBN 1880 29 6 for for IN 1880 29 7 those those DT 1880 29 8 guides guide NNS 1880 29 9 before before IN 1880 29 10 and and CC 1880 29 11 after after IN 1880 29 12 changes change NNS 1880 29 13 were be VBD 1880 29 14 made make VBN 1880 29 15 . . . 1880 30 1 The the DT 1880 30 2 investigators investigator NNS 1880 30 3 also also RB 1880 30 4 looked look VBD 1880 30 5 at at IN 1880 30 6 usage usage NN 1880 30 7 patterns pattern NNS 1880 30 8 over over IN 1880 30 9 the the DT 1880 30 10 same same JJ 1880 30 11 period period NN 1880 30 12 for for IN 1880 30 13 a a DT 1880 30 14 comparison comparison NN 1880 30 15 group group NN 1880 30 16 to to TO 1880 30 17 which which WDT 1880 30 18 no no DT 1880 30 19 navigation navigation NN 1880 30 20 changes change NNS 1880 30 21 had have VBD 1880 30 22 been be VBN 1880 30 23 made make VBN 1880 30 24 . . . 1880 31 1 LITERATURE LITERATURE NNP 1880 31 2 REVIEW REVIEW NNP 1880 31 3 Navigation Navigation NNP 1880 31 4 in in IN 1880 31 5 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 31 6 and and CC 1880 31 7 Pathfinders pathfinder NNS 1880 31 8 The the DT 1880 31 9 authors author NNS 1880 31 10 reviewed review VBD 1880 31 11 numerous numerous JJ 1880 31 12 articles article NNS 1880 31 13 related relate VBN 1880 31 14 to to IN 1880 31 15 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 31 16 or or CC 1880 31 17 pathfinders pathfinder NNS 1880 31 18 generally generally RB 1880 31 19 , , , 1880 31 20 but but CC 1880 31 21 found find VBD 1880 31 22 few few JJ 1880 31 23 that that WDT 1880 31 24 mention mention VBP 1880 31 25 navigation navigation NN 1880 31 26 issues issue NNS 1880 31 27 . . . 1880 32 1 They -PRON- PRP 1880 32 2 then then RB 1880 32 3 turned turn VBD 1880 32 4 to to IN 1880 32 5 studies study NNS 1880 32 6 of of IN 1880 32 7 website website NN 1880 32 8 navigation navigation NN 1880 32 9 in in IN 1880 32 10 general general JJ 1880 32 11 . . . 1880 33 1 In in IN 1880 33 2 an an DT 1880 33 3 early early JJ 1880 33 4 article article NN 1880 33 5 on on IN 1880 33 6 the the DT 1880 33 7 transition transition NN 1880 33 8 to to IN 1880 33 9 web web NN 1880 33 10 - - HYPH 1880 33 11 based base VBN 1880 33 12 library library NN 1880 33 13 guides guide NNS 1880 33 14 , , , 1880 33 15 Cooper Cooper NNP 1880 33 16 noted note VBD 1880 33 17 that that IN 1880 33 18 “ " `` 1880 33 19 computer computer NN 1880 33 20 screens screen NNS 1880 33 21 do do VBP 1880 33 22 not not RB 1880 33 23 allow allow VB 1880 33 24 viewers viewer NNS 1880 33 25 to to TO 1880 33 26 visualize visualize VB 1880 33 27 as as RB 1880 33 28 much much JJ 1880 33 29 information information NN 1880 33 30 simultaneously simultaneously RB 1880 33 31 as as IN 1880 33 32 do do VBP 1880 33 33 print print NN 1880 33 34 guides guide NNS 1880 33 35 , , , 1880 33 36 and and CC 1880 33 37 consequently consequently RB 1880 33 38 the the DT 1880 33 39 need need NN 1880 33 40 for for IN 1880 33 41 uncomplicated uncomplicated JJ 1880 33 42 , , , 1880 33 43 easily easily RB 1880 33 44 understood understand VBN 1880 33 45 design design NN 1880 33 46 is be VBZ 1880 33 47 even even RB 1880 33 48 greater great JJR 1880 33 49 . . . 1880 33 50 ”1 ”1 , 1880 33 51 Four four CD 1880 33 52 university university NN 1880 33 53 libraries library NNS 1880 33 54 ’ ’ POS 1880 33 55 usability usability NN 1880 33 56 studies study NNS 1880 33 57 of of IN 1880 33 58 the the DT 1880 33 59 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 33 60 platform platform NN 1880 33 61 specifically specifically RB 1880 33 62 address address VBP 1880 33 63 navigation navigation NN 1880 33 64 issues issue NNS 1880 33 65 . . . 1880 34 1 University University NNP 1880 34 2 of of IN 1880 34 3 Michigan Michigan NNP 1880 34 4 librarians librarian VBZ 1880 34 5 Dubicki Dubicki NNP 1880 34 6 et et NNP 1880 34 7 al al NNP 1880 34 8 . . . 1880 35 1 found find VBD 1880 35 2 that that IN 1880 35 3 “ " `` 1880 35 4 tabs tab NNS 1880 35 5 are be VBP 1880 35 6 recognizable recognizable JJ 1880 35 7 and and CC 1880 35 8 meaningful meaningful JJ 1880 35 9 — — : 1880 35 10 users user NNS 1880 35 11 understood understand VBD 1880 35 12 the the DT 1880 35 13 function function NN 1880 35 14 of of IN 1880 35 15 the the DT 1880 35 16 tabs tab NNS 1880 35 17 . . . 1880 35 18 ”2 ”2 NNP 1880 35 19 The the DT 1880 35 20 Michigan Michigan NNP 1880 35 21 study study NN 1880 35 22 then then RB 1880 35 23 focused focus VBD 1880 35 24 on on IN 1880 35 25 the the DT 1880 35 26 use use NN 1880 35 27 of of IN 1880 35 28 meaningful meaningful JJ 1880 35 29 language language NN 1880 35 30 for for IN 1880 35 31 tab tab NN 1880 35 32 labels label NNS 1880 35 33 . . . 1880 36 1 However however RB 1880 36 2 , , , 1880 36 3 at at IN 1880 36 4 the the DT 1880 36 5 LaTrobe LaTrobe NNP 1880 36 6 University University NNP 1880 36 7 Library Library NNP 1880 36 8 ( ( -LRB- 1880 36 9 Australia Australia NNP 1880 36 10 ) ) -RRB- 1880 36 11 , , , 1880 36 12 Corbin Corbin NNP 1880 36 13 and and CC 1880 36 14 Karasmanis Karasmanis NNP 1880 36 15 found find VBD 1880 36 16 a a DT 1880 36 17 consistent consistent JJ 1880 36 18 pattern pattern NN 1880 36 19 of of IN 1880 36 20 students student NNS 1880 36 21 not not RB 1880 36 22 recognizing recognize VBG 1880 36 23 the the DT 1880 36 24 navigation navigation NN 1880 36 25 tabs tab NNS 1880 36 26 , , , 1880 36 27 and and CC 1880 36 28 so so RB 1880 36 29 recommended recommend VBD 1880 36 30 providing provide VBG 1880 36 31 additional additional JJ 1880 36 32 navigation navigation NN 1880 36 33 links link NNS 1880 36 34 elsewhere elsewhere RB 1880 36 35 on on IN 1880 36 36 the the DT 1880 36 37 page.3 page.3 NN 1880 36 38 At at IN 1880 36 39 the the DT 1880 36 40 University University NNP 1880 36 41 of of IN 1880 36 42 Washington Washington NNP 1880 36 43 , , , 1880 36 44 Hungerford Hungerford NNP 1880 36 45 et et NNP 1880 36 46 al al NNP 1880 36 47 . . . 1880 37 1 found find VBN 1880 37 2 students student NNS 1880 37 3 did do VBD 1880 37 4 not not RB 1880 37 5 immediately immediately RB 1880 37 6 recognize recognize VB 1880 37 7 the the DT 1880 37 8 tab tab NNP 1880 37 9 navigation navigation NN 1880 37 10 : : : 1880 37 11 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 1880 37 12 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 1880 37 13 AND and CC 1880 37 14 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 1880 37 15 | | JJ 1880 37 16 SE SE NNP 1880 37 17 PTEMBER PTEMBER NNP 1880 37 18 2012 2012 CD 1880 37 19 54 54 CD 1880 37 20 During during IN 1880 37 21 testing test VBG 1880 37 22 it -PRON- PRP 1880 37 23 was be VBD 1880 37 24 observed observe VBN 1880 37 25 that that IN 1880 37 26 users user NNS 1880 37 27 frequently frequently RB 1880 37 28 did do VBD 1880 37 29 not not RB 1880 37 30 notice notice VB 1880 37 31 a a DT 1880 37 32 guide guide NN 1880 37 33 ’s ’s POS 1880 37 34 tabs tab NNS 1880 37 35 right right RB 1880 37 36 away away RB 1880 37 37 as as IN 1880 37 38 a a DT 1880 37 39 navigational navigational JJ 1880 37 40 option option NN 1880 37 41 . . . 1880 38 1 Users user NNS 1880 38 2 ’ ’ POS 1880 38 3 eyes eye NNS 1880 38 4 were be VBD 1880 38 5 drawn draw VBN 1880 38 6 to to IN 1880 38 7 the the DT 1880 38 8 top top JJ 1880 38 9 middle middle NN 1880 38 10 of of IN 1880 38 11 the the DT 1880 38 12 page page NN 1880 38 13 first first RB 1880 38 14 and and CC 1880 38 15 would would MD 1880 38 16 focus focus VB 1880 38 17 on on IN 1880 38 18 content content NN 1880 38 19 there there RB 1880 38 20 , , , 1880 38 21 especially especially RB 1880 38 22 if if IN 1880 38 23 there there EX 1880 38 24 was be VBD 1880 38 25 actionable actionable JJ 1880 38 26 content content NN 1880 38 27 , , , 1880 38 28 such such JJ 1880 38 29 as as IN 1880 38 30 links link NNS 1880 38 31 to to IN 1880 38 32 other other JJ 1880 38 33 pages page NNS 1880 38 34 or or CC 1880 38 35 resources.4 resources.4 NN 1880 38 36 The the DT 1880 38 37 solution solution NN 1880 38 38 at at IN 1880 38 39 the the DT 1880 38 40 University University NNP 1880 38 41 of of IN 1880 38 42 Washington Washington NNP 1880 38 43 was be VBD 1880 38 44 to to TO 1880 38 45 require require VB 1880 38 46 that that IN 1880 38 47 all all DT 1880 38 48 guides guide NNS 1880 38 49 have have VBP 1880 38 50 a a DT 1880 38 51 main main JJ 1880 38 52 page page NN 1880 38 53 navigation navigation NN 1880 38 54 area area NN 1880 38 55 ( ( -LRB- 1880 38 56 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 38 57 “ " `` 1880 38 58 box box NN 1880 38 59 ” " '' 1880 38 60 ) ) -RRB- 1880 38 61 with with IN 1880 38 62 a a DT 1880 38 63 menu menu NN 1880 38 64 of of IN 1880 38 65 links link NNS 1880 38 66 to to IN 1880 38 67 the the DT 1880 38 68 tabbed tab VBN 1880 38 69 pages page NNS 1880 38 70 . . . 1880 39 1 After after IN 1880 39 2 a a DT 1880 39 3 usability usability NN 1880 39 4 study study NN 1880 39 5 , , , 1880 39 6 MIT MIT NNP 1880 39 7 Libraries Libraries NNP 1880 39 8 also also RB 1880 39 9 recommended recommend VBD 1880 39 10 use use NN 1880 39 11 of of IN 1880 39 12 a a DT 1880 39 13 duplicate duplicate JJ 1880 39 14 navigation navigation NN 1880 39 15 menu menu NN 1880 39 16 on on IN 1880 39 17 the the DT 1880 39 18 first first JJ 1880 39 19 page page NN 1880 39 20 , , , 1880 39 21 stating state VBG 1880 39 22 in in IN 1880 39 23 MIT MIT NNP 1880 39 24 Libraries Libraries NNPS 1880 39 25 staff staff NN 1880 39 26 guidelines guideline NNS 1880 39 27 for for IN 1880 39 28 creating create VBG 1880 39 29 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 39 30 to to TO 1880 39 31 “ " `` 1880 39 32 make make VB 1880 39 33 sure sure JJ 1880 39 34 to to TO 1880 39 35 link link VB 1880 39 36 to to IN 1880 39 37 the the DT 1880 39 38 tabs tab NNS 1880 39 39 somewhere somewhere RB 1880 39 40 on on IN 1880 39 41 the the DT 1880 39 42 main main JJ 1880 39 43 page page NN 1880 39 44 ” " '' 1880 39 45 as as IN 1880 39 46 “ " `` 1880 39 47 users user NNS 1880 39 48 do do VBP 1880 39 49 n’t not RB 1880 39 50 always always RB 1880 39 51 see see VB 1880 39 52 the the DT 1880 39 53 tabs tab NNS 1880 39 54 , , , 1880 39 55 so so RB 1880 39 56 providing provide VBG 1880 39 57 alternate alternate JJ 1880 39 58 navigation navigation NN 1880 39 59 helps help VBZ 1880 39 60 . . . 1880 39 61 ”5 ”5 NNP 1880 39 62 Navigation Navigation NNP 1880 39 63 Palmer Palmer NNP 1880 39 64 mentions mention NNS 1880 39 65 navigation navigation NN 1880 39 66 as as IN 1880 39 67 one one CD 1880 39 68 of of IN 1880 39 69 the the DT 1880 39 70 factors factor NNS 1880 39 71 most most RBS 1880 39 72 significantly significantly RB 1880 39 73 associated associate VBN 1880 39 74 with with IN 1880 39 75 website website NN 1880 39 76 success success NN 1880 39 77 as as IN 1880 39 78 measured measure VBN 1880 39 79 by by IN 1880 39 80 user user NN 1880 39 81 satisfaction satisfaction NN 1880 39 82 , , , 1880 39 83 likelihood likelihood NN 1880 39 84 to to TO 1880 39 85 use use VB 1880 39 86 a a DT 1880 39 87 site site NN 1880 39 88 again again RB 1880 39 89 , , , 1880 39 90 and and CC 1880 39 91 use use VB 1880 39 92 frequency.6 frequency.6 CD 1880 39 93 However however RB 1880 39 94 , , , 1880 39 95 effective effective JJ 1880 39 96 navigation navigation NN 1880 39 97 may may MD 1880 39 98 be be VB 1880 39 99 difficult difficult JJ 1880 39 100 to to TO 1880 39 101 achieve achieve VB 1880 39 102 . . . 1880 40 1 Nielsen Nielsen NNP 1880 40 2 found find VBD 1880 40 3 in in IN 1880 40 4 numerous numerous JJ 1880 40 5 studies study NNS 1880 40 6 that that IN 1880 40 7 “ " `` 1880 40 8 users user NNS 1880 40 9 look look VBP 1880 40 10 straight straight RB 1880 40 11 at at IN 1880 40 12 the the DT 1880 40 13 content content NN 1880 40 14 and and CC 1880 40 15 ignore ignore VB 1880 40 16 the the DT 1880 40 17 navigation navigation NN 1880 40 18 areas area NNS 1880 40 19 when when WRB 1880 40 20 they -PRON- PRP 1880 40 21 scan scan VBP 1880 40 22 a a DT 1880 40 23 new new JJ 1880 40 24 page page NN 1880 40 25 . . . 1880 40 26 ”7 ”7 '' 1880 40 27 In in IN 1880 40 28 a a DT 1880 40 29 presentation presentation NN 1880 40 30 on on IN 1880 40 31 the the DT 1880 40 32 top top JJ 1880 40 33 ten ten CD 1880 40 34 mistakes mistake NNS 1880 40 35 in in IN 1880 40 36 web web NN 1880 40 37 design design NN 1880 40 38 , , , 1880 40 39 human human NN 1880 40 40 – – : 1880 40 41 computer computer NN 1880 40 42 interaction interaction NN 1880 40 43 scholar scholar NN 1880 40 44 Tullis Tullis NNP 1880 40 45 included include VBD 1880 40 46 “ " `` 1880 40 47 awkward awkward JJ 1880 40 48 or or CC 1880 40 49 confusing confusing JJ 1880 40 50 navigation navigation NN 1880 40 51 . . . 1880 40 52 ”8 ”8 '' 1880 40 53 The the DT 1880 40 54 following follow VBG 1880 40 55 review review NN 1880 40 56 of of IN 1880 40 57 the the DT 1880 40 58 literature literature NN 1880 40 59 on on IN 1880 40 60 website website NN 1880 40 61 navigation navigation NN 1880 40 62 design design NN 1880 40 63 is be VBZ 1880 40 64 limited limit VBN 1880 40 65 to to IN 1880 40 66 studies study NNS 1880 40 67 of of IN 1880 40 68 navigation navigation NN 1880 40 69 models model NNS 1880 40 70 that that WDT 1880 40 71 use use VBP 1880 40 72 browsing browsing NN 1880 40 73 via via IN 1880 40 74 menus menu NNS 1880 40 75 , , , 1880 40 76 tabs tab NNS 1880 40 77 , , , 1880 40 78 and and CC 1880 40 79 menu menu NN 1880 40 80 bars bar NNS 1880 40 81 . . . 1880 41 1 The the DT 1880 41 2 navigation navigation NN 1880 41 3 problem problem NN 1880 41 4 seen see VBN 1880 41 5 in in IN 1880 41 6 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 41 7 is be VBZ 1880 41 8 far far RB 1880 41 9 from from IN 1880 41 10 unique unique JJ 1880 41 11 . . . 1880 42 1 Usability usability NN 1880 42 2 studies study NNS 1880 42 3 for for IN 1880 42 4 other other JJ 1880 42 5 information information NN 1880 42 6 - - HYPH 1880 42 7 rich rich JJ 1880 42 8 websites website NNS 1880 42 9 demonstrate demonstrate VBP 1880 42 10 similar similar JJ 1880 42 11 problems problem NNS 1880 42 12 with with IN 1880 42 13 users user NNS 1880 42 14 not not RB 1880 42 15 recognizing recognize VBG 1880 42 16 navigation navigation NN 1880 42 17 tabs tab NNS 1880 42 18 or or CC 1880 42 19 menu menu NN 1880 42 20 bars bar NNS 1880 42 21 similar similar JJ 1880 42 22 to to IN 1880 42 23 those those DT 1880 42 24 used use VBN 1880 42 25 in in IN 1880 42 26 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 42 27 . . . 1880 43 1 In in IN 1880 43 2 2001 2001 CD 1880 43 3 , , , 1880 43 4 McGillis McGillis NNP 1880 43 5 and and CC 1880 43 6 Toms Toms NNP 1880 43 7 investigated investigate VBD 1880 43 8 the the DT 1880 43 9 usability usability NN 1880 43 10 of of IN 1880 43 11 a a DT 1880 43 12 library library NN 1880 43 13 website website NN 1880 43 14 with with IN 1880 43 15 a a DT 1880 43 16 horizontal horizontal JJ 1880 43 17 navigation navigation NN 1880 43 18 bar bar NN 1880 43 19 at at IN 1880 43 20 the the DT 1880 43 21 top top NN 1880 43 22 of of IN 1880 43 23 the the DT 1880 43 24 page page NN 1880 43 25 , , , 1880 43 26 a a DT 1880 43 27 design design NN 1880 43 28 similar similar JJ 1880 43 29 to to IN 1880 43 30 the the DT 1880 43 31 single single JJ 1880 43 32 row row NN 1880 43 33 of of IN 1880 43 34 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 43 35 tabs tab NNS 1880 43 36 . . . 1880 44 1 This this DT 1880 44 2 study study NN 1880 44 3 found find VBD 1880 44 4 that that IN 1880 44 5 users user NNS 1880 44 6 either either CC 1880 44 7 did do VBD 1880 44 8 not not RB 1880 44 9 see see VB 1880 44 10 the the DT 1880 44 11 navigation navigation NN 1880 44 12 bar bar NN 1880 44 13 or or CC 1880 44 14 did do VBD 1880 44 15 not not RB 1880 44 16 realize realize VB 1880 44 17 it -PRON- PRP 1880 44 18 could could MD 1880 44 19 be be VB 1880 44 20 clicked.9 clicked.9 NNP 1880 44 21 In in IN 1880 44 22 multiple multiple JJ 1880 44 23 usability usability NN 1880 44 24 studies study NNS 1880 44 25 , , , 1880 44 26 U.S. U.S. NNP 1880 44 27 Census Census NNP 1880 44 28 Bureau Bureau NNP 1880 44 29 researchers researcher NNS 1880 44 30 found find VBD 1880 44 31 similar similar JJ 1880 44 32 problems problem NNS 1880 44 33 with with IN 1880 44 34 navigation navigation NN 1880 44 35 bars bar NNS 1880 44 36 on on IN 1880 44 37 government government NN 1880 44 38 websites website NNS 1880 44 39 . . . 1880 45 1 In in IN 1880 45 2 2009 2009 CD 1880 45 3 , , , 1880 45 4 Olmsted Olmsted NNP 1880 45 5 - - HYPH 1880 45 6 Hawala Hawala NNP 1880 45 7 et et FW 1880 45 8 al al NNP 1880 45 9 . . . 1880 46 1 reported report VBD 1880 46 2 that that IN 1880 46 3 study study NN 1880 46 4 participants participant NNS 1880 46 5 did do VBD 1880 46 6 not not RB 1880 46 7 use use VB 1880 46 8 the the DT 1880 46 9 top top JJ 1880 46 10 - - HYPH 1880 46 11 navigation navigation NN 1880 46 12 bar bar NN 1880 46 13 on on IN 1880 46 14 the the DT 1880 46 15 Census Census NNP 1880 46 16 Bureau Bureau NNP 1880 46 17 ’s ’s POS 1880 46 18 Business Business NNP 1880 46 19 and and CC 1880 46 20 Industry Industry NNP 1880 46 21 website.10 website.10 NNP 1880 46 22 The the DT 1880 46 23 next next JJ 1880 46 24 year year NN 1880 46 25 , , , 1880 46 26 Chen Chen NNP 1880 46 27 et et NNP 1880 46 28 al al NNP 1880 46 29 . . . 1880 47 1 again again RB 1880 47 2 reported report VBD 1880 47 3 problems problem NNS 1880 47 4 with with IN 1880 47 5 top top JJ 1880 47 6 - - HYPH 1880 47 7 navigation navigation NN 1880 47 8 bar bar NN 1880 47 9 use use NN 1880 47 10 on on IN 1880 47 11 the the DT 1880 47 12 Governments Governments NNP 1880 47 13 Division Division NNP 1880 47 14 public public JJ 1880 47 15 website website NN 1880 47 16 , , , 1880 47 17 explaining explain VBG 1880 47 18 that that IN 1880 47 19 the the DT 1880 47 20 “ " `` 1880 47 21 top top JJ 1880 47 22 - - HYPH 1880 47 23 navigation navigation NN 1880 47 24 bar bar NN 1880 47 25 blends blend NNS 1880 47 26 into into IN 1880 47 27 the the DT 1880 47 28 header header NN 1880 47 29 , , , 1880 47 30 leading lead VBG 1880 47 31 participants participant NNS 1880 47 32 to to TO 1880 47 33 skip skip VB 1880 47 34 over over IN 1880 47 35 the the DT 1880 47 36 tabs tab NNS 1880 47 37 and and CC 1880 47 38 move move VBP 1880 47 39 directly directly RB 1880 47 40 to to IN 1880 47 41 the the DT 1880 47 42 main main JJ 1880 47 43 content content NN 1880 47 44 . . . 1880 48 1 This this DT 1880 48 2 is be VBZ 1880 48 3 a a DT 1880 48 4 recurring recurring NN 1880 48 5 issue issue NN 1880 48 6 the the DT 1880 48 7 Usability Usability NNP 1880 48 8 Laboratory Laboratory NNP 1880 48 9 has have VBZ 1880 48 10 identified identify VBN 1880 48 11 with with IN 1880 48 12 many many JJ 1880 48 13 Web web NN 1880 48 14 sites site NNS 1880 48 15 . . . 1880 48 16 ”11 ”11 NNP 1880 48 17 One one CD 1880 48 18 possible possible JJ 1880 48 19 explanation explanation NN 1880 48 20 for for IN 1880 48 21 user user NN 1880 48 22 neglect neglect NN 1880 48 23 of of IN 1880 48 24 tabs tab NNS 1880 48 25 and and CC 1880 48 26 navigation navigation NN 1880 48 27 bars bar NNS 1880 48 28 may may MD 1880 48 29 be be VB 1880 48 30 a a DT 1880 48 31 phenomenon phenomenon NN 1880 48 32 termed term VBN 1880 48 33 “ " `` 1880 48 34 banner banner NNP 1880 48 35 blindness blindness NN 1880 48 36 . . . 1880 48 37 ” " '' 1880 48 38 As as RB 1880 48 39 early early RB 1880 48 40 as as IN 1880 48 41 1999 1999 CD 1880 48 42 , , , 1880 48 43 Benway Benway NNP 1880 48 44 provided provide VBD 1880 48 45 in in IN 1880 48 46 - - HYPH 1880 48 47 depth depth NN 1880 48 48 analysis analysis NN 1880 48 49 of of IN 1880 48 50 this this DT 1880 48 51 problem problem NN 1880 48 52 . . . 1880 49 1 In in IN 1880 49 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 1880 49 3 thesis thesis NN 1880 49 4 , , , 1880 49 5 he -PRON- PRP 1880 49 6 uses use VBZ 1880 49 7 the the DT 1880 49 8 word word NN 1880 49 9 “ " `` 1880 49 10 banner banner NN 1880 49 11 ” " '' 1880 49 12 not not RB 1880 49 13 just just RB 1880 49 14 for for IN 1880 49 15 banner banner NN 1880 49 16 ads ad NNS 1880 49 17 , , , 1880 49 18 but but CC 1880 49 19 also also RB 1880 49 20 for for IN 1880 49 21 banners banner NNS 1880 49 22 that that WDT 1880 49 23 consist consist VBP 1880 49 24 of of IN 1880 49 25 horizontal horizontal JJ 1880 49 26 graphic graphic JJ 1880 49 27 buttons button NNS 1880 49 28 similar similar JJ 1880 49 29 to to IN 1880 49 30 the the DT 1880 49 31 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 49 32 tab tab NN 1880 49 33 design design NN 1880 49 34 . . . 1880 50 1 Benway Benway NNP 1880 50 2 ’s ’s POS 1880 50 3 experiments experiment NNS 1880 50 4 show show VBP 1880 50 5 that that IN 1880 50 6 an an DT 1880 50 7 attempt attempt NN 1880 50 8 to to TO 1880 50 9 make make VB 1880 50 10 important important JJ 1880 50 11 items item NNS 1880 50 12 visually visually RB 1880 50 13 prominent prominent JJ 1880 50 14 may may MD 1880 50 15 have have VB 1880 50 16 the the DT 1880 50 17 opposite opposite JJ 1880 50 18 effect effect NN 1880 50 19 — — : 1880 50 20 that that IN 1880 50 21 “ " `` 1880 50 22 the the DT 1880 50 23 visual visual JJ 1880 50 24 distinctiveness distinctiveness NN 1880 50 25 may may MD 1880 50 26 actually actually RB 1880 50 27 make make VB 1880 50 28 important important JJ 1880 50 29 items item NNS 1880 50 30 seem seem VB 1880 50 31 unimportant unimportant JJ 1880 50 32 . . . 1880 50 33 ” " '' 1880 50 34 Benway Benway NNP 1880 50 35 follows follow VBZ 1880 50 36 with with IN 1880 50 37 two two CD 1880 50 38 recommendations recommendation NNS 1880 50 39 : : : 1880 50 40 ( ( -LRB- 1880 50 41 1 1 LS 1880 50 42 ) ) -RRB- 1880 50 43 that that IN 1880 50 44 “ " `` 1880 50 45 any any DT 1880 50 46 method method NN 1880 50 47 that that WDT 1880 50 48 is be VBZ 1880 50 49 created create VBN 1880 50 50 to to TO 1880 50 51 make make VB 1880 50 52 something something NN 1880 50 53 stand stand VB 1880 50 54 out out RP 1880 50 55 should should MD 1880 50 56 be be VB 1880 50 57 carefully carefully RB 1880 50 58 tested test VBN 1880 50 59 with with IN 1880 50 60 users user NNS 1880 50 61 who who WP 1880 50 62 are be VBP 1880 50 63 specifically specifically RB 1880 50 64 looking look VBG 1880 50 65 for for IN 1880 50 66 that that DT 1880 50 67 content content NN 1880 50 68 to to TO 1880 50 69 ensure ensure VB 1880 50 70 that that IN 1880 50 71 it -PRON- PRP 1880 50 72 does do VBZ 1880 50 73 not not RB 1880 50 74 cause cause VB 1880 50 75 banner banner NN 1880 50 76 blindness blindness NN 1880 50 77 , , , 1880 50 78 ” " '' 1880 50 79 and and CC 1880 50 80 ( ( -LRB- 1880 50 81 2 2 LS 1880 50 82 ) ) -RRB- 1880 50 83 that that IN 1880 50 84 “ " `` 1880 50 85 any any DT 1880 50 86 item item NN 1880 50 87 visually visually RB 1880 50 88 distinguished distinguish VBN 1880 50 89 on on IN 1880 50 90 a a DT 1880 50 91 page page NN 1880 50 92 should should MD 1880 50 93 be be VB 1880 50 94 duplicated duplicate VBN 1880 50 95 within within IN 1880 50 96 a a DT 1880 50 97 collection collection NN 1880 50 98 of of IN 1880 50 99 links link NNS 1880 50 100 or or CC 1880 50 101 other other JJ 1880 50 102 navigation navigation NN 1880 50 103 areas area NNS 1880 50 104 of of IN 1880 50 105 the the DT 1880 50 106 page page NN 1880 50 107 . . . 1880 51 1 That that DT 1880 51 2 way way NN 1880 51 3 , , , 1880 51 4 if if IN 1880 51 5 searchers searcher NNS 1880 51 6 ignore ignore VBP 1880 51 7 the the DT 1880 51 8 large large JJ 1880 51 9 salient salient NN 1880 51 10 item item NN 1880 51 11 , , , 1880 51 12 they -PRON- PRP 1880 51 13 can can MD 1880 51 14 still still RB 1880 51 15 find find VB 1880 51 16 what what WP 1880 51 17 they -PRON- PRP 1880 51 18 need need VBP 1880 51 19 through through IN 1880 51 20 basic basic JJ 1880 51 21 navigation navigation NN 1880 51 22 . . . 1880 51 23 ”12 ”12 '' 1880 51 24 IMPROVING improve VBG 1880 51 25 INDEPENDENT INDEPENDENT NNP 1880 51 26 STUDENT student NN 1880 51 27 NAVIGATION navigation NN 1880 51 28 OF of IN 1880 51 29 COMPLEX complex NN 1880 51 30 EDUCATIONAL educational JJ 1880 51 31 WEBSITES website NNS 1880 51 32 | | VBD 1880 51 33 PITTSLEY PITTSLEY NNS 1880 51 34 AND and CC 1880 51 35 MEMMOTT MEMMOTT NNP 1880 51 36 55 55 CD 1880 51 37 In in IN 1880 51 38 2005 2005 CD 1880 51 39 , , , 1880 51 40 Tullis Tullis NNP 1880 51 41 cited cite VBD 1880 51 42 multiple multiple JJ 1880 51 43 studies study NNS 1880 51 44 that that WDT 1880 51 45 showed show VBD 1880 51 46 that that IN 1880 51 47 users user NNS 1880 51 48 found find VBD 1880 51 49 information information NN 1880 51 50 faster fast RBR 1880 51 51 or or CC 1880 51 52 more more RBR 1880 51 53 effectively effectively RB 1880 51 54 by by IN 1880 51 55 using use VBG 1880 51 56 a a DT 1880 51 57 simple simple JJ 1880 51 58 table table NN 1880 51 59 of of IN 1880 51 60 contents content NNS 1880 51 61 than than IN 1880 51 62 by by IN 1880 51 63 using use VBG 1880 51 64 other other JJ 1880 51 65 navigation navigation NN 1880 51 66 forms form NNS 1880 51 67 , , , 1880 51 68 including include VBG 1880 51 69 tab- tab- NN 1880 51 70 based base VBN 1880 51 71 navigation.13 navigation.13 NNP 1880 51 72 Yet yet CC 1880 51 73 in in IN 1880 51 74 2011 2011 CD 1880 51 75 , , , 1880 51 76 Nicolson Nicolson NNP 1880 51 77 et et FW 1880 51 78 al al NNP 1880 51 79 . . . 1880 52 1 found find VBD 1880 52 2 that that IN 1880 52 3 “ " `` 1880 52 4 participants participant NNS 1880 52 5 rarely rarely RB 1880 52 6 used use VBD 1880 52 7 table table NN 1880 52 8 of of IN 1880 52 9 contents content NNS 1880 52 10 ; ; : 1880 52 11 and and CC 1880 52 12 often often RB 1880 52 13 appeared appear VBD 1880 52 14 not not RB 1880 52 15 to to TO 1880 52 16 notice notice VB 1880 52 17 them -PRON- PRP 1880 52 18 . . . 1880 52 19 ”14 ”14 NNP 1880 52 20 Yelinek Yelinek NNP 1880 52 21 et et NNP 1880 52 22 al al NNP 1880 52 23 . . . 1880 53 1 pointed point VBD 1880 53 2 to to IN 1880 53 3 a a DT 1880 53 4 practical practical JJ 1880 53 5 problem problem NN 1880 53 6 in in IN 1880 53 7 using use VBG 1880 53 8 content content JJ 1880 53 9 menus menu NNS 1880 53 10 on on IN 1880 53 11 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 53 12 pages page NNS 1880 53 13 : : : 1880 53 14 since since IN 1880 53 15 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 53 16 pages page NNS 1880 53 17 can can MD 1880 53 18 be be VB 1880 53 19 copied copy VBN 1880 53 20 or or CC 1880 53 21 mirrored mirror VBN 1880 53 22 on on IN 1880 53 23 other other JJ 1880 53 24 guides guide NNS 1880 53 25 , , , 1880 53 26 guide guide NN 1880 53 27 authors author NNS 1880 53 28 must must MD 1880 53 29 be be VB 1880 53 30 cognizant cognizant JJ 1880 53 31 that that IN 1880 53 32 such such JJ 1880 53 33 menus menu NNS 1880 53 34 could could MD 1880 53 35 cause cause VB 1880 53 36 problems problem NNS 1880 53 37 with with IN 1880 53 38 incorrect incorrect JJ 1880 53 39 or or CC 1880 53 40 confusing confusing JJ 1880 53 41 navigational navigational JJ 1880 53 42 links link NNS 1880 53 43 on on IN 1880 53 44 copied copied JJ 1880 53 45 or or CC 1880 53 46 mirrored mirror VBN 1880 53 47 pages.15 pages.15 NNP 1880 53 48 Success Success NNP 1880 53 49 can can MD 1880 53 50 also also RB 1880 53 51 depend depend VB 1880 53 52 on on IN 1880 53 53 the the DT 1880 53 54 location location NN 1880 53 55 of of IN 1880 53 56 navigational navigational JJ 1880 53 57 elements element NNS 1880 53 58 , , , 1880 53 59 although although IN 1880 53 60 researchers researcher NNS 1880 53 61 disagree disagree VBP 1880 53 62 on on IN 1880 53 63 effects effect NNS 1880 53 64 of of IN 1880 53 65 location location NN 1880 53 66 . . . 1880 54 1 In in IN 1880 54 2 addition addition NN 1880 54 3 , , , 1880 54 4 user user NN 1880 54 5 expectations expectation NNS 1880 54 6 of of IN 1880 54 7 where where WRB 1880 54 8 to to TO 1880 54 9 look look VB 1880 54 10 for for IN 1880 54 11 navigation navigation NN 1880 54 12 elements element NNS 1880 54 13 may may MD 1880 54 14 change change VB 1880 54 15 over over IN 1880 54 16 time time NN 1880 54 17 along along IN 1880 54 18 with with IN 1880 54 19 changes change NNS 1880 54 20 in in IN 1880 54 21 web web NN 1880 54 22 conventions convention NNS 1880 54 23 . . . 1880 55 1 In in IN 1880 55 2 2001 2001 CD 1880 55 3 , , , 1880 55 4 Bernard Bernard NNP 1880 55 5 studied study VBD 1880 55 6 user user NN 1880 55 7 expectations expectation NNS 1880 55 8 as as IN 1880 55 9 to to IN 1880 55 10 where where WRB 1880 55 11 common common JJ 1880 55 12 web web NN 1880 55 13 functions function NNS 1880 55 14 would would MD 1880 55 15 be be VB 1880 55 16 located locate VBN 1880 55 17 on on IN 1880 55 18 the the DT 1880 55 19 screen screen NN 1880 55 20 layout layout NN 1880 55 21 . . . 1880 56 1 He -PRON- PRP 1880 56 2 found find VBD 1880 56 3 that that IN 1880 56 4 “ " `` 1880 56 5 most most JJS 1880 56 6 participants participant NNS 1880 56 7 expected expect VBD 1880 56 8 the the DT 1880 56 9 links link NNS 1880 56 10 to to IN 1880 56 11 web web NN 1880 56 12 pages page NNS 1880 56 13 within within IN 1880 56 14 a a DT 1880 56 15 website website NN 1880 56 16 to to TO 1880 56 17 be be VB 1880 56 18 almost almost RB 1880 56 19 exclusively exclusively RB 1880 56 20 located locate VBN 1880 56 21 in in IN 1880 56 22 the the DT 1880 56 23 upper upper RB 1880 56 24 - - HYPH 1880 56 25 left left JJ 1880 56 26 side side NN 1880 56 27 of of IN 1880 56 28 a a DT 1880 56 29 web web NN 1880 56 30 page page NN 1880 56 31 , , , 1880 56 32 which which WDT 1880 56 33 conforms conform VBZ 1880 56 34 to to IN 1880 56 35 the the DT 1880 56 36 current current JJ 1880 56 37 convention convention NN 1880 56 38 of of IN 1880 56 39 placing place VBG 1880 56 40 links link NNS 1880 56 41 on on IN 1880 56 42 [ [ -LRB- 1880 56 43 the the DT 1880 56 44 ] ] -RRB- 1880 56 45 left left JJ 1880 56 46 side side NN 1880 56 47 . . . 1880 56 48 ”16 ”16 ADD 1880 56 49 In in IN 1880 56 50 2004 2004 CD 1880 56 51 , , , 1880 56 52 Pratt Pratt NNP 1880 56 53 et et NNP 1880 56 54 al al NNP 1880 56 55 . . . 1880 57 1 found find VBN 1880 57 2 that that IN 1880 57 3 users user NNS 1880 57 4 were be VBD 1880 57 5 equally equally RB 1880 57 6 effective effective JJ 1880 57 7 using use VBG 1880 57 8 horizontal horizontal JJ 1880 57 9 or or CC 1880 57 10 vertical vertical JJ 1880 57 11 navigation navigation NN 1880 57 12 menus menu NNS 1880 57 13 , , , 1880 57 14 but but CC 1880 57 15 when when WRB 1880 57 16 given give VBN 1880 57 17 a a DT 1880 57 18 choice choice NN 1880 57 19 more more JJR 1880 57 20 users user NNS 1880 57 21 chose choose VBD 1880 57 22 to to TO 1880 57 23 use use VB 1880 57 24 vertical vertical JJ 1880 57 25 navigation.17 navigation.17 NNP 1880 57 26 Also also RB 1880 57 27 in in IN 1880 57 28 2004 2004 CD 1880 57 29 , , , 1880 57 30 McCarthy McCarthy NNP 1880 57 31 et et NNP 1880 57 32 al al NNP 1880 57 33 . . . 1880 58 1 performed perform VBD 1880 58 2 an an DT 1880 58 3 eye eye NN 1880 58 4 - - HYPH 1880 58 5 tracking track VBG 1880 58 6 study study NN 1880 58 7 , , , 1880 58 8 which which WDT 1880 58 9 showed show VBD 1880 58 10 faster fast JJR 1880 58 11 search search NN 1880 58 12 times time NNS 1880 58 13 when when WRB 1880 58 14 sites site NNS 1880 58 15 conformed conform VBD 1880 58 16 to to IN 1880 58 17 the the DT 1880 58 18 expected expected JJ 1880 58 19 left left JJ 1880 58 20 navigation navigation NN 1880 58 21 menu menu NN 1880 58 22 and and CC 1880 58 23 a a DT 1880 58 24 user user NN 1880 58 25 bias bias NN 1880 58 26 toward toward IN 1880 58 27 searching search VBG 1880 58 28 the the DT 1880 58 29 middle middle NN 1880 58 30 of of IN 1880 58 31 the the DT 1880 58 32 screen screen NN 1880 58 33 ; ; : 1880 58 34 but but CC 1880 58 35 it -PRON- PRP 1880 58 36 also also RB 1880 58 37 found find VBD 1880 58 38 that that IN 1880 58 39 the the DT 1880 58 40 initial initial JJ 1880 58 41 effect effect NN 1880 58 42 of of IN 1880 58 43 menu menu NNP 1880 58 44 position position NN 1880 58 45 diminished diminish VBN 1880 58 46 with with IN 1880 58 47 repeated repeat VBN 1880 58 48 use use NN 1880 58 49 of of IN 1880 58 50 a a DT 1880 58 51 site.18 site.18 NNP 1880 58 52 Nonetheless Nonetheless NNP 1880 58 53 , , , 1880 58 54 Jones Jones NNP 1880 58 55 found find VBD 1880 58 56 that that IN 1880 58 57 by by IN 1880 58 58 2006 2006 CD 1880 58 59 most most JJS 1880 58 60 corporate corporate JJ 1880 58 61 webpages webpage NNS 1880 58 62 used use VBN 1880 58 63 “ " `` 1880 58 64 horizontally horizontally RB 1880 58 65 aligned aligned JJ 1880 58 66 primary primary JJ 1880 58 67 navigation navigation NN 1880 58 68 using use VBG 1880 58 69 buttons button NNS 1880 58 70 , , , 1880 58 71 tabs tab NNS 1880 58 72 , , , 1880 58 73 or or CC 1880 58 74 other other JJ 1880 58 75 formatted format VBN 1880 58 76 text text NN 1880 58 77 . . . 1880 58 78 ”19 ”19 '' 1880 58 79 In in IN 1880 58 80 2008 2008 CD 1880 58 81 , , , 1880 58 82 Cooke Cooke NNP 1880 58 83 found find VBD 1880 58 84 that that IN 1880 58 85 users user NNS 1880 58 86 looked look VBN 1880 58 87 equally equally RB 1880 58 88 at at IN 1880 58 89 left left JJ 1880 58 90 , , , 1880 58 91 top top NN 1880 58 92 , , , 1880 58 93 and and CC 1880 58 94 center center NN 1880 58 95 menus menu NNS 1880 58 96 ; ; : 1880 58 97 however however RB 1880 58 98 , , , 1880 58 99 when when WRB 1880 58 100 “ " `` 1880 58 101 a a DT 1880 58 102 visually visually RB 1880 58 103 prominent prominent JJ 1880 58 104 navigation navigation NN 1880 58 105 menu menu NN 1880 58 106 populated populate VBD 1880 58 107 the the DT 1880 58 108 center center NN 1880 58 109 of of IN 1880 58 110 the the DT 1880 58 111 Web web NN 1880 58 112 page page NN 1880 58 113 , , , 1880 58 114 participants participant NNS 1880 58 115 were be VBD 1880 58 116 more more RBR 1880 58 117 likely likely JJ 1880 58 118 to to TO 1880 58 119 direct direct VB 1880 58 120 their -PRON- PRP$ 1880 58 121 search search NN 1880 58 122 in in IN 1880 58 123 this this DT 1880 58 124 location location NN 1880 58 125 . . . 1880 58 126 ”20 ”20 NNP 1880 58 127 Wroblewski Wroblewski NNP 1880 58 128 describes describe VBZ 1880 58 129 how how WRB 1880 58 130 tab tab NNP 1880 58 131 navigation navigation NNP 1880 58 132 was be VBD 1880 58 133 first first RB 1880 58 134 popularized popularize VBN 1880 58 135 by by IN 1880 58 136 Amazon.21 amazon.21 PRP$ 1880 58 137 Burrell Burrell NNP 1880 58 138 and and CC 1880 58 139 Sodan Sodan NNP 1880 58 140 investigated investigate VBD 1880 58 141 user user NN 1880 58 142 preferences preference NNS 1880 58 143 for for IN 1880 58 144 six six CD 1880 58 145 navigation navigation NN 1880 58 146 styles style NNS 1880 58 147 and and CC 1880 58 148 found find VBD 1880 58 149 that that IN 1880 58 150 users user NNS 1880 58 151 clearly clearly RB 1880 58 152 preferred prefer VBD 1880 58 153 tab tab NNP 1880 58 154 navigation navigation NN 1880 58 155 “ " `` 1880 58 156 because because IN 1880 58 157 it -PRON- PRP 1880 58 158 is be VBZ 1880 58 159 most most RBS 1880 58 160 easily easily RB 1880 58 161 understood understand VBN 1880 58 162 and and CC 1880 58 163 learned learn VBD 1880 58 164 . . . 1880 58 165 ”22 ”22 VB 1880 58 166 In in IN 1880 58 167 the the DT 1880 58 168 often often RB 1880 58 169 - - HYPH 1880 58 170 cited cite VBN 1880 58 171 web web NN 1880 58 172 design design NN 1880 58 173 manual manual NN 1880 58 174 Do do VBP 1880 58 175 n’t not RB 1880 58 176 Make make VB 1880 58 177 Me -PRON- PRP 1880 58 178 Think think VB 1880 58 179 , , , 1880 58 180 Krug Krug NNP 1880 58 181 also also RB 1880 58 182 recommends recommend VBZ 1880 58 183 tabs tab NNS 1880 58 184 : : : 1880 58 185 “ " `` 1880 58 186 Tabs tab NNS 1880 58 187 are be VBP 1880 58 188 one one CD 1880 58 189 of of IN 1880 58 190 the the DT 1880 58 191 very very RB 1880 58 192 few few JJ 1880 58 193 cases case NNS 1880 58 194 where where WRB 1880 58 195 using use VBG 1880 58 196 a a DT 1880 58 197 physical physical JJ 1880 58 198 metaphor metaphor NN 1880 58 199 in in IN 1880 58 200 a a DT 1880 58 201 user user NN 1880 58 202 interface interface NN 1880 58 203 actually actually RB 1880 58 204 works work VBZ 1880 58 205 . . . 1880 58 206 ”23 ”23 '' 1880 58 207 Krug Krug NNP 1880 58 208 recommends recommend VBZ 1880 58 209 that that IN 1880 58 210 tabs tab NNS 1880 58 211 be be VB 1880 58 212 carefully carefully RB 1880 58 213 designed design VBN 1880 58 214 to to TO 1880 58 215 resemble resemble VB 1880 58 216 file file NN 1880 58 217 folder folder NN 1880 58 218 tabs tab NNS 1880 58 219 . . . 1880 59 1 They -PRON- PRP 1880 59 2 should should MD 1880 59 3 “ " `` 1880 59 4 create create VB 1880 59 5 the the DT 1880 59 6 visual visual JJ 1880 59 7 illusion illusion NN 1880 59 8 that that WDT 1880 59 9 the the DT 1880 59 10 active active JJ 1880 59 11 tab tab NN 1880 59 12 is be VBZ 1880 59 13 in in IN 1880 59 14 front front NN 1880 59 15 of of IN 1880 59 16 the the DT 1880 59 17 other other JJ 1880 59 18 tabs tab NNS 1880 59 19 . . . 1880 60 1 . . . 1880 61 1 . . . 1880 62 1 the the DT 1880 62 2 active active JJ 1880 62 3 tab tab NN 1880 62 4 needs need VBZ 1880 62 5 to to TO 1880 62 6 be be VB 1880 62 7 a a DT 1880 62 8 different different JJ 1880 62 9 color color NN 1880 62 10 or or CC 1880 62 11 contrasting contrasting NN 1880 62 12 shade shade NN 1880 62 13 [ [ -LRB- 1880 62 14 than than IN 1880 62 15 the the DT 1880 62 16 other other JJ 1880 62 17 tabs tab NNS 1880 62 18 ] ] -RRB- 1880 62 19 and and CC 1880 62 20 it -PRON- PRP 1880 62 21 has have VBZ 1880 62 22 to to TO 1880 62 23 physically physically RB 1880 62 24 connect connect VB 1880 62 25 with with IN 1880 62 26 the the DT 1880 62 27 space space NN 1880 62 28 below below IN 1880 62 29 it -PRON- PRP 1880 62 30 . . . 1880 63 1 This this DT 1880 63 2 is be VBZ 1880 63 3 what what WP 1880 63 4 makes make VBZ 1880 63 5 the the DT 1880 63 6 active active JJ 1880 63 7 tab tab NN 1880 63 8 ‘ ' `` 1880 63 9 pop pop NN 1880 63 10 ’ ' '' 1880 63 11 to to IN 1880 63 12 the the DT 1880 63 13 front front NN 1880 63 14 . . . 1880 63 15 ”24 ”24 '' 1880 63 16 An an DT 1880 63 17 often often RB 1880 63 18 - - HYPH 1880 63 19 cited cite VBN 1880 63 20 U.S. U.S. NNP 1880 63 21 Department Department NNP 1880 63 22 of of IN 1880 63 23 Health Health NNP 1880 63 24 and and CC 1880 63 25 Human Human NNP 1880 63 26 Services Services NNPS 1880 63 27 manual manual NN 1880 63 28 on on IN 1880 63 29 research research NN 1880 63 30 - - HYPH 1880 63 31 based base VBN 1880 63 32 web web NN 1880 63 33 design design NN 1880 63 34 addresses address NNS 1880 63 35 principles principle NNS 1880 63 36 of of IN 1880 63 37 good good JJ 1880 63 38 tab tab NN 1880 63 39 design design NN 1880 63 40 , , , 1880 63 41 stating state VBG 1880 63 42 that that IN 1880 63 43 tabs tab NNS 1880 63 44 should should MD 1880 63 45 be be VB 1880 63 46 located locate VBN 1880 63 47 near near IN 1880 63 48 the the DT 1880 63 49 top top NN 1880 63 50 of of IN 1880 63 51 the the DT 1880 63 52 page page NN 1880 63 53 and and CC 1880 63 54 should should MD 1880 63 55 “ " `` 1880 63 56 look look VB 1880 63 57 like like IN 1880 63 58 clickable clickable JJ 1880 63 59 versions version NNS 1880 63 60 of of IN 1880 63 61 real real JJ 1880 63 62 - - HYPH 1880 63 63 world world NN 1880 63 64 tabs tab NNS 1880 63 65 . . . 1880 64 1 Real real JJ 1880 64 2 - - HYPH 1880 64 3 world world NN 1880 64 4 tabs tab NNS 1880 64 5 are be VBP 1880 64 6 those those DT 1880 64 7 that that WDT 1880 64 8 resemble resemble VBP 1880 64 9 the the DT 1880 64 10 ones one NNS 1880 64 11 found find VBN 1880 64 12 in in IN 1880 64 13 a a DT 1880 64 14 file file NN 1880 64 15 drawer drawer NN 1880 64 16 . . . 1880 64 17 ”25 ”25 NNP 1880 64 18 Nielsen Nielsen NNP 1880 64 19 provides provide VBZ 1880 64 20 similar similar JJ 1880 64 21 guidelines guideline NNS 1880 64 22 for for IN 1880 64 23 tab tab NNP 1880 64 24 design design NN 1880 64 25 , , , 1880 64 26 which which WDT 1880 64 27 include include VBP 1880 64 28 that that IN 1880 64 29 the the DT 1880 64 30 selected select VBN 1880 64 31 tab tab NN 1880 64 32 should should MD 1880 64 33 be be VB 1880 64 34 highlighted highlight VBN 1880 64 35 , , , 1880 64 36 the the DT 1880 64 37 current current JJ 1880 64 38 tab tab NN 1880 64 39 should should MD 1880 64 40 be be VB 1880 64 41 connected connect VBN 1880 64 42 to to IN 1880 64 43 the the DT 1880 64 44 content content NN 1880 64 45 area area NN 1880 64 46 ( ( -LRB- 1880 64 47 just just RB 1880 64 48 like like IN 1880 64 49 a a DT 1880 64 50 physical physical JJ 1880 64 51 tab tab NN 1880 64 52 ) ) -RRB- 1880 64 53 , , , 1880 64 54 and and CC 1880 64 55 that that IN 1880 64 56 one one PRP 1880 64 57 should should MD 1880 64 58 use use VB 1880 64 59 only only RB 1880 64 60 one one CD 1880 64 61 row row NN 1880 64 62 of of IN 1880 64 63 tabs.26 tabs.26 NNP 1880 64 64 More more RBR 1880 64 65 recently recently RB 1880 64 66 , , , 1880 64 67 Cronin Cronin NNP 1880 64 68 highlighted highlight VBD 1880 64 69 examples example NNS 1880 64 70 of of IN 1880 64 71 good good JJ 1880 64 72 tab tab NN 1880 64 73 design design NN 1880 64 74 that that WDT 1880 64 75 effectively effectively RB 1880 64 76 use use VBP 1880 64 77 elements element NNS 1880 64 78 such such JJ 1880 64 79 as as IN 1880 64 80 rounded rounded JJ 1880 64 81 tab tab NNP 1880 64 82 corners corner NNS 1880 64 83 , , , 1880 64 84 space space NN 1880 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tab NNS 1880 64 124 , , , 1880 64 125 use use NN 1880 64 126 of of IN 1880 64 127 a a DT 1880 64 128 prominent prominent JJ 1880 64 129 color color NN 1880 64 130 for for IN 1880 64 131 the the DT 1880 64 132 active active JJ 1880 64 133 tab tab NN 1880 64 134 and and CC 1880 64 135 a a DT 1880 64 136 single single JJ 1880 64 137 INFORMATION information NN 1880 64 138 TECHNOLOGY technology NN 1880 64 139 AND and CC 1880 64 140 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 1880 64 141 | | JJ 1880 64 142 SE SE NNP 1880 64 143 PTEMBER PTEMBER NNP 1880 64 144 2012 2012 CD 1880 64 145 56 56 CD 1880 64 146 background background NN 1880 64 147 color color NN 1880 64 148 for for IN 1880 64 149 unselected unselected JJ 1880 64 150 tabs tab NNS 1880 64 151 , , , 1880 64 152 changing change VBG 1880 64 153 the the DT 1880 64 154 font font JJ 1880 64 155 color color NN 1880 64 156 on on IN 1880 64 157 the the DT 1880 64 158 active active JJ 1880 64 159 tab tab NN 1880 64 160 , , , 1880 64 161 and and CC 1880 64 162 use use NN 1880 64 163 of of IN 1880 64 164 rounded rounded JJ 1880 64 165 corners corner NNS 1880 64 166 to to TO 1880 64 167 enhance enhance VB 1880 64 168 the the DT 1880 64 169 file file NN 1880 64 170 - - HYPH 1880 64 171 folder folder NN 1880 64 172 - - HYPH 1880 64 173 tab tab NN 1880 64 174 metaphor.28 metaphor.28 NNP 1880 64 175 Two two CD 1880 64 176 articles article NNS 1880 64 177 mention mention VBP 1880 64 178 that that IN 1880 64 179 the the DT 1880 64 180 complexity complexity NN 1880 64 181 of of IN 1880 64 182 a a DT 1880 64 183 site site NN 1880 64 184 can can MD 1880 64 185 be be VB 1880 64 186 a a DT 1880 64 187 factor factor NN 1880 64 188 in in IN 1880 64 189 navigation navigation NN 1880 64 190 success success NN 1880 64 191 . . . 1880 65 1 McCarthy McCarthy NNP 1880 65 2 et et NNP 1880 65 3 al al NNP 1880 65 4 . . . 1880 66 1 found find VBD 1880 66 2 that that IN 1880 66 3 search search NN 1880 66 4 times time NNS 1880 66 5 are be VBP 1880 66 6 significantly significantly RB 1880 66 7 affected affect VBN 1880 66 8 by by IN 1880 66 9 site site NN 1880 66 10 complexity complexity NN 1880 66 11 and and CC 1880 66 12 recommended recommend VBD 1880 66 13 finding find VBG 1880 66 14 ways way NNS 1880 66 15 to to TO 1880 66 16 balance balance VB 1880 66 17 the the DT 1880 66 18 provision provision NN 1880 66 19 of of IN 1880 66 20 numerous numerous JJ 1880 66 21 user user NN 1880 66 22 options option NNS 1880 66 23 with with IN 1880 66 24 simplifying simplify VBG 1880 66 25 the the DT 1880 66 26 site site NN 1880 66 27 so so IN 1880 66 28 that that IN 1880 66 29 users user NNS 1880 66 30 can can MD 1880 66 31 find find VB 1880 66 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 1880 66 33 way.29 way.29 NNP 1880 66 34 Little Little NNP 1880 66 35 specifically specifically RB 1880 66 36 suggests suggest VBZ 1880 66 37 reducing reduce VBG 1880 66 38 the the DT 1880 66 39 amount amount NN 1880 66 40 of of IN 1880 66 41 extraneous extraneous JJ 1880 66 42 information information NN 1880 66 43 on on IN 1880 66 44 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 66 45 pages page NNS 1880 66 46 in in IN 1880 66 47 her -PRON- PRP$ 1880 66 48 article article NN 1880 66 49 , , , 1880 66 50 which which WDT 1880 66 51 applies apply VBZ 1880 66 52 cognitive cognitive JJ 1880 66 53 load load NN 1880 66 54 theory theory NN 1880 66 55 to to IN 1880 66 56 use use NN 1880 66 57 of of IN 1880 66 58 library library JJ 1880 66 59 research research NN 1880 66 60 guides.30 guides.30 NNP 1880 66 61 In in IN 1880 66 62 sum sum NN 1880 66 63 , , , 1880 66 64 effective effective JJ 1880 66 65 navigation navigation NN 1880 66 66 is be VBZ 1880 66 67 difficult difficult JJ 1880 66 68 to to TO 1880 66 69 achieve achieve VB 1880 66 70 . . . 1880 67 1 However however RB 1880 67 2 , , , 1880 67 3 navigation navigation NN 1880 67 4 design design NN 1880 67 5 can can MD 1880 67 6 be be VB 1880 67 7 improved improve VBN 1880 67 8 by by IN 1880 67 9 considering consider VBG 1880 67 10 the the DT 1880 67 11 purpose purpose NN 1880 67 12 of of IN 1880 67 13 the the DT 1880 67 14 site site NN 1880 67 15 , , , 1880 67 16 user user NN 1880 67 17 expectations expectation NNS 1880 67 18 , , , 1880 67 19 common common JJ 1880 67 20 conventions convention NNS 1880 67 21 , , , 1880 67 22 best good JJS 1880 67 23 practices practice NNS 1880 67 24 , , , 1880 67 25 the the DT 1880 67 26 possibility possibility NN 1880 67 27 that that IN 1880 67 28 intuitive intuitive JJ 1880 67 29 ideas idea NNS 1880 67 30 for for IN 1880 67 31 design design NN 1880 67 32 may may MD 1880 67 33 not not RB 1880 67 34 perform perform VB 1880 67 35 as as IN 1880 67 36 expected expect VBN 1880 67 37 ( ( -LRB- 1880 67 38 e.g. e.g. RB 1880 67 39 , , , 1880 67 40 banner banner VB 1880 67 41 blindness blindness NN 1880 67 42 ) ) -RRB- 1880 67 43 , , , 1880 67 44 the the DT 1880 67 45 site site NN 1880 67 46 ’s ’s POS 1880 67 47 complexity complexity NN 1880 67 48 , , , 1880 67 49 and and CC 1880 67 50 more more RBR 1880 67 51 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page page NN 1880 69 23 and and CC 1880 69 24 improving improve VBG 1880 69 25 the the DT 1880 69 26 tab tab NN 1880 69 27 design design NN 1880 69 28 . . . 1880 70 1 Testing test VBG 1880 70 2 these these DT 1880 70 3 design design NN 1880 70 4 changes change NNS 1880 70 5 on on IN 1880 70 6 selected select VBN 1880 70 7 guides guide NNS 1880 70 8 would would MD 1880 70 9 allow allow VB 1880 70 10 the the DT 1880 70 11 EMU EMU NNP 1880 70 12 library library NN 1880 70 13 to to TO 1880 70 14 assess assess VB 1880 70 15 the the DT 1880 70 16 impact impact NN 1880 70 17 before before IN 1880 70 18 implement implement VB 1880 70 19 changes change NNS 1880 70 20 on on IN 1880 70 21 all all DT 1880 70 22 library library JJ 1880 70 23 research research NN 1880 70 24 guides guide NNS 1880 70 25 . . . 1880 71 1 For for IN 1880 71 2 this this DT 1880 71 3 experiment experiment NN 1880 71 4 , , , 1880 71 5 each each DT 1880 71 6 type type NN 1880 71 7 of of IN 1880 71 8 navigation navigation NN 1880 71 9 change change NN 1880 71 10 was be VBD 1880 71 11 applied apply VBN 1880 71 12 to to IN 1880 71 13 separate separate JJ 1880 71 14 subsets subset NNS 1880 71 15 of of IN 1880 71 16 guides guide NNS 1880 71 17 ; ; , 1880 71 18 a a DT 1880 71 19 subset subset NN 1880 71 20 of of IN 1880 71 21 similar similar JJ 1880 71 22 guides guide NNS 1880 71 23 was be VBD 1880 71 24 selected select VBN 1880 71 25 as as IN 1880 71 26 a a DT 1880 71 27 comparison comparison NN 1880 71 28 group group NN 1880 71 29 ; ; : 1880 71 30 and and CC 1880 71 31 usage usage NN 1880 71 32 patterns pattern NNS 1880 71 33 were be VBD 1880 71 34 analyzed analyze VBN 1880 71 35 for for IN 1880 71 36 similar similar JJ 1880 71 37 periods period NNS 1880 71 38 before before IN 1880 71 39 and and CC 1880 71 40 after after IN 1880 71 41 changes change NNS 1880 71 42 were be VBD 1880 71 43 made make VBN 1880 71 44 . . . 1880 72 1 Navigation navigation NN 1880 72 2 design design NN 1880 72 3 changes change NNS 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C. NNP 1880 75 10 Class Class NNP 1880 75 11 specific specific JJ 1880 75 12 guides guide NNS 1880 75 13 were be VBD 1880 75 14 excluded exclude VBN 1880 75 15 from from IN 1880 75 16 the the DT 1880 75 17 experiment experiment NN 1880 75 18 , , , 1880 75 19 as as IN 1880 75 20 in in IN 1880 75 21 many many JJ 1880 75 22 cases case NNS 1880 75 23 the the DT 1880 75 24 business business NN 1880 75 25 librarian librarian NN 1880 75 26 would would MD 1880 75 27 have have VB 1880 75 28 instructed instruct VBN 1880 75 29 students student NNS 1880 75 30 in in IN 1880 75 31 the the DT 1880 75 32 use use NN 1880 75 33 of of IN 1880 75 34 tabs tab NNS 1880 75 35 on on IN 1880 75 36 class class NN 1880 75 37 guides guide NNS 1880 75 38 . . . 1880 76 1 Changes change NNS 1880 76 2 were be VBD 1880 76 3 made make VBN 1880 76 4 at at IN 1880 76 5 the the DT 1880 76 6 beginning beginning NN 1880 76 7 of of IN 1880 76 8 the the DT 1880 76 9 winter winter NN 1880 76 10 2011 2011 CD 1880 76 11 semester semester NNP 1880 76 12 so so IN 1880 76 13 that that IN 1880 76 14 an an DT 1880 76 15 entire entire JJ 1880 76 16 semester semester NN 1880 76 17 ’s ’s POS 1880 76 18 data datum NNS 1880 76 19 could could MD 1880 76 20 be be VB 1880 76 21 collected collect VBN 1880 76 22 and and CC 1880 76 23 compared compare VBN 1880 76 24 to to IN 1880 76 25 the the DT 1880 76 26 previous previous JJ 1880 76 27 semester semester NN 1880 76 28 ’s ’s POS 1880 76 29 usage usage NN 1880 76 30 patterns pattern NNS 1880 76 31 . . . 1880 77 1 The the DT 1880 77 2 design design NN 1880 77 3 for for IN 1880 77 4 group group NN 1880 77 5 A A NNP 1880 77 6 was be VBD 1880 77 7 similar similar JJ 1880 77 8 to to IN 1880 77 9 the the DT 1880 77 10 University University NNP 1880 77 11 of of IN 1880 77 12 Washington Washington NNP 1880 77 13 implementation implementation NN 1880 77 14 of of IN 1880 77 15 a a DT 1880 77 16 “ " `` 1880 77 17 What what WP 1880 77 18 ’s ’ VBZ 1880 77 19 in in IN 1880 77 20 the the DT 1880 77 21 Guide Guide NNP 1880 77 22 ” " '' 1880 77 23 box box NN 1880 77 24 on on IN 1880 77 25 guide guide NN 1880 77 26 homepages homepage NNS 1880 77 27 that that WDT 1880 77 28 repeated repeat VBD 1880 77 29 the the DT 1880 77 30 tab tab NN 1880 77 31 navigation navigation NN 1880 77 32 links.31 links.31 NNP 1880 77 33 For for IN 1880 77 34 guides guide NNS 1880 77 35 in in IN 1880 77 36 group group NN 1880 77 37 A A NNP 1880 77 38 , , , 1880 77 39 a a DT 1880 77 40 table table NN 1880 77 41 of of IN 1880 77 42 contents content NNS 1880 77 43 box box NN 1880 77 44 was be VBD 1880 77 45 placed place VBN 1880 77 46 on on IN 1880 77 47 the the DT 1880 77 48 guide guide NN 1880 77 49 homepages homepage NNS 1880 77 50 . . . 1880 78 1 It -PRON- PRP 1880 78 2 contained contain VBD 1880 78 3 a a DT 1880 78 4 simple simple JJ 1880 78 5 list list NN 1880 78 6 of of IN 1880 78 7 links link NNS 1880 78 8 to to IN 1880 78 9 the the DT 1880 78 10 secondary secondary JJ 1880 78 11 pages page NNS 1880 78 12 of of IN 1880 78 13 the the DT 1880 78 14 guides guide NNS 1880 78 15 , , , 1880 78 16 using use VBG 1880 78 17 the the DT 1880 78 18 same same JJ 1880 78 19 labels label NNS 1880 78 20 as as IN 1880 78 21 on on IN 1880 78 22 the the DT 1880 78 23 navigation navigation NN 1880 78 24 tabs tab NNS 1880 78 25 . . . 1880 79 1 The the DT 1880 79 2 table table NN 1880 79 3 of of IN 1880 79 4 contents content NNS 1880 79 5 box box NN 1880 79 6 used use VBD 1880 79 7 a a DT 1880 79 8 larger large JJR 1880 79 9 font font NN 1880 79 10 size size NN 1880 79 11 than than IN 1880 79 12 other other JJ 1880 79 13 body body NN 1880 79 14 text text NN 1880 79 15 and and CC 1880 79 16 was be VBD 1880 79 17 given give VBN 1880 79 18 an an DT 1880 79 19 outline outline JJ 1880 79 20 color color NN 1880 79 21 that that WDT 1880 79 22 contrasted contrast VBD 1880 79 23 with with IN 1880 79 24 the the DT 1880 79 25 outline outline JJ 1880 79 26 color color NN 1880 79 27 used use VBN 1880 79 28 on on IN 1880 79 29 other other JJ 1880 79 30 boxes box NNS 1880 79 31 and and CC 1880 79 32 matched match VBD 1880 79 33 the the DT 1880 79 34 navigation navigation NN 1880 79 35 tab tab NNP 1880 79 36 color color NN 1880 79 37 to to TO 1880 79 38 create create VB 1880 79 39 visual visual JJ 1880 79 40 cues cue NNS 1880 79 41 that that WDT 1880 79 42 this this DT 1880 79 43 box box NN 1880 79 44 had have VBD 1880 79 45 a a DT 1880 79 46 different different JJ 1880 79 47 function function NN 1880 79 48 from from IN 1880 79 49 the the DT 1880 79 50 other other JJ 1880 79 51 boxes box NNS 1880 79 52 on on IN 1880 79 53 the the DT 1880 79 54 page page NN 1880 79 55 ( ( -LRB- 1880 79 56 navigation navigation NN 1880 79 57 ) ) -RRB- 1880 79 58 . . . 1880 80 1 The the DT 1880 80 2 table table NN 1880 80 3 of of IN 1880 80 4 contents content NNS 1880 80 5 box box NN 1880 80 6 was be VBD 1880 80 7 placed place VBN 1880 80 8 alongside alongside IN 1880 80 9 other other JJ 1880 80 10 content content NN 1880 80 11 on on IN 1880 80 12 the the DT 1880 80 13 guide guide NN 1880 80 14 homepages homepage NNS 1880 80 15 so so IN 1880 80 16 users user NNS 1880 80 17 could could MD 1880 80 18 still still RB 1880 80 19 see see VB 1880 80 20 the the DT 1880 80 21 most most RBS 1880 80 22 relevant relevant JJ 1880 80 23 resources resource NNS 1880 80 24 immediately immediately RB 1880 80 25 . . . 1880 81 1 Figure figure NN 1880 81 2 1 1 CD 1880 81 3 shows show VBZ 1880 81 4 a a DT 1880 81 5 guide guide NN 1880 81 6 containing contain VBG 1880 81 7 a a DT 1880 81 8 table table NN 1880 81 9 of of IN 1880 81 10 contents content NNS 1880 81 11 box box NN 1880 81 12 . . . 1880 82 1 IMPROVING improve VBG 1880 82 2 INDEPENDENT INDEPENDENT NNP 1880 82 3 STUDENT student NN 1880 82 4 NAVIGATION navigation NN 1880 82 5 OF of IN 1880 82 6 COMPLEX complex NN 1880 82 7 EDUCATIONAL educational JJ 1880 82 8 WEBSITES website NNS 1880 82 9 | | VBD 1880 82 10 PITTSLEY PITTSLEY NNS 1880 82 11 AND and CC 1880 82 12 MEMMOTT MEMMOTT NNP 1880 82 13 57 57 CD 1880 82 14 Figure figure NN 1880 82 15 1 1 CD 1880 82 16 . . . 1880 83 1 Group Group NNP 1880 83 2 A A NNP 1880 83 3 Guide Guide NNP 1880 83 4 with with IN 1880 83 5 Content Content NNP 1880 83 6 Menu Menu NNP 1880 83 7 Box Box NNP 1880 83 8 Labeled label VBD 1880 83 9 “ " `` 1880 83 10 Guide Guide NNP 1880 83 11 Sections Sections NNPS 1880 83 12 ” " '' 1880 83 13 The the DT 1880 83 14 design design NN 1880 83 15 change change NN 1880 83 16 for for IN 1880 83 17 group group NN 1880 83 18 B B NNP 1880 83 19 focused focus VBD 1880 83 20 on on IN 1880 83 21 the the DT 1880 83 22 navigation navigation NN 1880 83 23 tabs tab NNS 1880 83 24 . . . 1880 84 1 LibGuides libguide NNS 1880 84 2 tabs tab NNS 1880 84 3 exhibit exhibit VBP 1880 84 4 some some DT 1880 84 5 of of IN 1880 84 6 the the DT 1880 84 7 properties property NNS 1880 84 8 of of IN 1880 84 9 good good JJ 1880 84 10 tab tab NN 1880 84 11 design design NN 1880 84 12 , , , 1880 84 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implementation implementation NN 1880 85 28 , , , 1880 85 29 the the DT 1880 85 30 option option NN 1880 85 31 for for IN 1880 85 32 tabs tab NNS 1880 85 33 with with IN 1880 85 34 rounded rounded JJ 1880 85 35 corners corner NNS 1880 85 36 was be VBD 1880 85 37 used use VBN 1880 85 38 to to TO 1880 85 39 resemble resemble VB 1880 85 40 the the DT 1880 85 41 design design NN 1880 85 42 of of IN 1880 85 43 manila manila JJ 1880 85 44 file file NN 1880 85 45 folders folder NNS 1880 85 46 and and CC 1880 85 47 increase increase VB 1880 85 48 the the DT 1880 85 49 association association NN 1880 85 50 with with IN 1880 85 51 the the DT 1880 85 52 file file NN 1880 85 53 - - HYPH 1880 85 54 folder folder NN 1880 85 55 metaphor metaphor NN 1880 85 56 . . . 1880 86 1 Possibilities possibility NNS 1880 86 2 for for IN 1880 86 3 further further JJ 1880 86 4 design design NN 1880 86 5 adaptation adaptation NN 1880 86 6 on on IN 1880 86 7 the the DT 1880 86 8 experimental experimental JJ 1880 86 9 guides guide NNS 1880 86 10 were be VBD 1880 86 11 somewhat somewhat RB 1880 86 12 limited limited JJ 1880 86 13 because because IN 1880 86 14 these these DT 1880 86 15 changes change NNS 1880 86 16 needed need VBD 1880 86 17 to to TO 1880 86 18 be be VB 1880 86 19 applied apply VBN 1880 86 20 to to IN 1880 86 21 the the DT 1880 86 22 tabs tab NNS 1880 86 23 of of IN 1880 86 24 just just RB 1880 86 25 a a DT 1880 86 26 selected select VBN 1880 86 27 set set NN 1880 86 28 of of IN 1880 86 29 guides guide NNS 1880 86 30 . . . 1880 87 1 The the DT 1880 87 2 investigators investigator NNS 1880 87 3 theorized theorize VBD 1880 87 4 that that IN 1880 87 5 increasing increase VBG 1880 87 6 the the DT 1880 87 7 height height NN 1880 87 8 of of IN 1880 87 9 the the DT 1880 87 10 tabs tab NNS 1880 87 11 might may MD 1880 87 12 make make VB 1880 87 13 them -PRON- PRP 1880 87 14 more more RBR 1880 87 15 closely closely RB 1880 87 16 resemble resemble JJ 1880 87 17 paper paper NN 1880 87 18 file file NN 1880 87 19 folder folder NN 1880 87 20 tabs tab NNS 1880 87 21 . . . 1880 88 1 Increasing increase VBG 1880 88 2 the the DT 1880 88 3 height height NN 1880 88 4 would would MD 1880 88 5 also also RB 1880 88 6 increase increase VB 1880 88 7 the the DT 1880 88 8 area area NN 1880 88 9 of of IN 1880 88 10 the the DT 1880 88 11 tabs tab NNS 1880 88 12 , , , 1880 88 13 and and CC 1880 88 14 the the DT 1880 88 15 larger large JJR 1880 88 16 size size NN 1880 88 17 might may MD 1880 88 18 also also RB 1880 88 19 make make VB 1880 88 20 the the DT 1880 88 21 tabs tab NNS 1880 88 22 more more RBR 1880 88 23 noticeable noticeable JJ 1880 88 24 . . . 1880 89 1 This this DT 1880 89 2 option option NN 1880 89 3 was be VBD 1880 89 4 simple simple JJ 1880 89 5 to to TO 1880 89 6 implement implement VB 1880 89 7 on on IN 1880 89 8 the the DT 1880 89 9 guides guide NNS 1880 89 10 in in IN 1880 89 11 group group NN 1880 89 12 B B NNP 1880 89 13 by by IN 1880 89 14 adding add VBG 1880 89 15 html html NNP 1880 89 16 break break NNP 1880 89 17 tags tag NNS 1880 89 18 , , , 1880 89 19 < < XX 1880 89 20 br br UH 1880 89 21 / / SYM 1880 89 22 > > XX 1880 89 23 , , , 1880 89 24 to to IN 1880 89 25 the the DT 1880 89 26 tab tab NNP 1880 89 27 text text NN 1880 89 28 . . . 1880 90 1 Taller tall JJR 1880 90 2 tabs tab NNS 1880 90 3 also also RB 1880 90 4 provided provide VBD 1880 90 5 more more JJR 1880 90 6 room room NN 1880 90 7 for for IN 1880 90 8 text text NN 1880 90 9 on on IN 1880 90 10 the the DT 1880 90 11 tabs tab NNS 1880 90 12 . . . 1880 91 1 Tabs tab NNS 1880 91 2 in in IN 1880 91 3 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 91 4 will will MD 1880 91 5 expand expand VB 1880 91 6 in in IN 1880 91 7 width width NN 1880 91 8 to to TO 1880 91 9 fit fit VB 1880 91 10 the the DT 1880 91 11 text text NN 1880 91 12 label label NN 1880 91 13 used use VBD 1880 91 14 , , , 1880 91 15 and and CC 1880 91 16 if if IN 1880 91 17 the the DT 1880 91 18 tabs tab NNS 1880 91 19 on on IN 1880 91 20 a a DT 1880 91 21 guide guide NN 1880 91 22 require require VBP 1880 91 23 more more JJR 1880 91 24 space space NN 1880 91 25 on on IN 1880 91 26 the the DT 1880 91 27 page page NN 1880 91 28 , , , 1880 91 29 they -PRON- PRP 1880 91 30 will will MD 1880 91 31 be be VB 1880 91 32 displayed display VBN 1880 91 33 in in IN 1880 91 34 multiple multiple JJ 1880 91 35 rows row NNS 1880 91 36 . . . 1880 92 1 Multiple multiple JJ 1880 92 2 rows row NNS 1880 92 3 of of IN 1880 92 4 tabs tab NNS 1880 92 5 are be VBP 1880 92 6 visually visually RB 1880 92 7 confusing confusing JJ 1880 92 8 and and CC 1880 92 9 break break VB 1880 92 10 the the DT 1880 92 11 tabs tab NNS 1880 92 12 metaphor metaphor NN 1880 92 13 , , , 1880 92 14 decreasing decrease VBG 1880 92 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 1880 92 16 usefulness usefulness NN 1880 92 17 for for IN 1880 92 18 navigation.33 navigation.33 NNP 1880 92 19 The the DT 1880 92 20 EMU EMU NNP 1880 92 21 Library Library NNP 1880 92 22 ’s ’s POS 1880 92 23 best good JJS 1880 92 24 practices practice NNS 1880 92 25 for for IN 1880 92 26 research research NN 1880 92 27 guides guide NNS 1880 92 28 already already RB 1880 92 29 encouraged encourage VBD 1880 92 30 limiting limit VBG 1880 92 31 tabs tab NNS 1880 92 32 to to IN 1880 92 33 one one CD 1880 92 34 row row NN 1880 92 35 . . . 1880 93 1 Adding add VBG 1880 93 2 height height NN 1880 93 3 to to IN 1880 93 4 tabs tab NNS 1880 93 5 allowed allow VBN 1880 93 6 for for IN 1880 93 7 clearer clear JJR 1880 93 8 text text NN 1880 93 9 labels label NNS 1880 93 10 on on IN 1880 93 11 some some DT 1880 93 12 guides guide NNS 1880 93 13 without without IN 1880 93 14 expanding expand VBG 1880 93 15 the the DT 1880 93 16 tab tab NN 1880 93 17 display display NN 1880 93 18 beyond beyond IN 1880 93 19 a a DT 1880 93 20 single single JJ 1880 93 21 row row NN 1880 93 22 . . . 1880 94 1 Figure figure NN 1880 94 2 2 2 CD 1880 94 3 shows show VBZ 1880 94 4 a a DT 1880 94 5 guide guide NN 1880 94 6 containing contain VBG 1880 94 7 the the DT 1880 94 8 altered altered JJ 1880 94 9 taller tall JJR 1880 94 10 tabs tab NNS 1880 94 11 . . . 1880 95 1 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 1880 95 2 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 1880 95 3 AND and CC 1880 95 4 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 1880 95 5 | | JJ 1880 95 6 SE SE NNP 1880 95 7 PTEMBER PTEMBER NNP 1880 95 8 2012 2012 CD 1880 95 9 58 58 CD 1880 95 10 Figure figure NN 1880 95 11 2 2 CD 1880 95 12 . . . 1880 96 1 Group Group NNP 1880 96 2 B B NNP 1880 96 3 Guide Guide NNP 1880 96 4 with with IN 1880 96 5 Tabs Tabs NNPS 1880 96 6 Redesigned redesign VBN 1880 96 7 to to TO 1880 96 8 Look look VB 1880 96 9 More More JJR 1880 96 10 Like like IN 1880 96 11 File file NN 1880 96 12 Folder folder NN 1880 96 13 Tabs tab NNS 1880 96 14 While while IN 1880 96 15 variations variation NNS 1880 96 16 in in IN 1880 96 17 content content NN 1880 96 18 and and CC 1880 96 19 usage usage NN 1880 96 20 of of IN 1880 96 21 library library NN 1880 96 22 guides guide NNS 1880 96 23 did do VBD 1880 96 24 not not RB 1880 96 25 allow allow VB 1880 96 26 for for IN 1880 96 27 a a DT 1880 96 28 true true JJ 1880 96 29 control control NN 1880 96 30 group group NN 1880 96 31 , , , 1880 96 32 other other JJ 1880 96 33 social social JJ 1880 96 34 science science NN 1880 96 35 subject subject NN 1880 96 36 guides guide NNS 1880 96 37 were be VBD 1880 96 38 selected select VBN 1880 96 39 as as IN 1880 96 40 a a DT 1880 96 41 comparison comparison NN 1880 96 42 group group NN 1880 96 43 . . . 1880 97 1 Social social JJ 1880 97 2 science science NN 1880 97 3 subject subject NN 1880 97 4 guides guide NNS 1880 97 5 were be VBD 1880 97 6 excluded exclude VBN 1880 97 7 from from IN 1880 97 8 the the DT 1880 97 9 comparison comparison NN 1880 97 10 group group NN 1880 97 11 if if IN 1880 97 12 they -PRON- PRP 1880 97 13 had have VBD 1880 97 14 very very RB 1880 97 15 low low JJ 1880 97 16 guide guide NN 1880 97 17 usage usage NN 1880 97 18 during during IN 1880 97 19 the the DT 1880 97 20 fall fall NN 1880 97 21 2010 2010 CD 1880 97 22 semester semester NN 1880 97 23 ( ( -LRB- 1880 97 24 fewer few JJR 1880 97 25 than than IN 1880 97 26 thirty thirty CD 1880 97 27 uses use NNS 1880 97 28 ) ) -RRB- 1880 97 29 , , , 1880 97 30 or or CC 1880 97 31 if if IN 1880 97 32 they -PRON- PRP 1880 97 33 had have VBD 1880 97 34 fewer few JJR 1880 97 35 than than IN 1880 97 36 three three CD 1880 97 37 tabs tab NNS 1880 97 38 , , , 1880 97 39 making make VBG 1880 97 40 them -PRON- PRP 1880 97 41 structurally structurally RB 1880 97 42 dissimilar dissimilar JJ 1880 97 43 to to IN 1880 97 44 the the DT 1880 97 45 business business NN 1880 97 46 guides guide NNS 1880 97 47 . . . 1880 98 1 This this DT 1880 98 2 left leave VBD 1880 98 3 a a DT 1880 98 4 group group NN 1880 98 5 of of IN 1880 98 6 sixteen sixteen NNP 1880 98 7 comparison comparison NN 1880 98 8 guides guides NNP 1880 98 9 . . . 1880 99 1 No no DT 1880 99 2 changes change NNS 1880 99 3 were be VBD 1880 99 4 made make VBN 1880 99 5 to to IN 1880 99 6 the the DT 1880 99 7 navigation navigation NN 1880 99 8 design design NN 1880 99 9 of of IN 1880 99 10 these these DT 1880 99 11 guides guide NNS 1880 99 12 during during IN 1880 99 13 the the DT 1880 99 14 test test NN 1880 99 15 period period NN 1880 99 16 . . . 1880 100 1 The the DT 1880 100 2 business business NN 1880 100 3 guides guide VBZ 1880 100 4 — — : 1880 100 5 which which WDT 1880 100 6 the the DT 1880 100 7 authors author NNS 1880 100 8 had have VBD 1880 100 9 permission permission NN 1880 100 10 to to TO 1880 100 11 experiment experiment VB 1880 100 12 with with IN 1880 100 13 — — : 1880 100 14 tend tend VB 1880 100 15 to to TO 1880 100 16 be be VB 1880 100 17 longer long JJR 1880 100 18 and and CC 1880 100 19 have have VB 1880 100 20 more more JJR 1880 100 21 pages page NNS 1880 100 22 than than IN 1880 100 23 other other JJ 1880 100 24 guides guide NNS 1880 100 25 . . . 1880 101 1 On on IN 1880 101 2 average average JJ 1880 101 3 , , , 1880 101 4 the the DT 1880 101 5 experimental experimental JJ 1880 101 6 guides guide NNS 1880 101 7 had have VBD 1880 101 8 more more JJR 1880 101 9 pages page NNS 1880 101 10 per per IN 1880 101 11 guide guide NN 1880 101 12 than than IN 1880 101 13 the the DT 1880 101 14 comparison comparison NN 1880 101 15 guides guide VBZ 1880 101 16 ; ; : 1880 101 17 guides guide NNS 1880 101 18 in in IN 1880 101 19 groups group NNS 1880 101 20 A A NNP 1880 101 21 and and CC 1880 101 22 B B NNP 1880 101 23 averaged average VBD 1880 101 24 nine nine CD 1880 101 25 pages page NNS 1880 101 26 per per IN 1880 101 27 guide guide NN 1880 101 28 , , , 1880 101 29 and and CC 1880 101 30 comparison comparison NN 1880 101 31 guides guide VBZ 1880 101 32 averaged average VBD 1880 101 33 five five CD 1880 101 34 pages page NNS 1880 101 35 per per IN 1880 101 36 guide guide NN 1880 101 37 . . . 1880 102 1 Guides guide NNS 1880 102 2 with with IN 1880 102 3 more more JJR 1880 102 4 pages page NNS 1880 102 5 will will MD 1880 102 6 tend tend VB 1880 102 7 to to TO 1880 102 8 have have VB 1880 102 9 a a DT 1880 102 10 higher high JJR 1880 102 11 percentage percentage NN 1880 102 12 of of IN 1880 102 13 hits hit NNS 1880 102 14 on on IN 1880 102 15 secondary secondary JJ 1880 102 16 pages page NNS 1880 102 17 because because IN 1880 102 18 there there EX 1880 102 19 are be VBP 1880 102 20 more more JJR 1880 102 21 pages page NNS 1880 102 22 available available JJ 1880 102 23 to to IN 1880 102 24 users user NNS 1880 102 25 . . . 1880 103 1 However however RB 1880 103 2 , , , 1880 103 3 the the DT 1880 103 4 authors author NNS 1880 103 5 intended intend VBN 1880 103 6 to to TO 1880 103 7 measure measure VB 1880 103 8 the the DT 1880 103 9 change change NN 1880 103 10 in in IN 1880 103 11 usage usage NN 1880 103 12 patterns pattern NNS 1880 103 13 with with IN 1880 103 14 each each DT 1880 103 15 guide guide NN 1880 103 16 measured measure VBN 1880 103 17 against against IN 1880 103 18 itself -PRON- PRP 1880 103 19 in in IN 1880 103 20 different different JJ 1880 103 21 periods period NNS 1880 103 22 , , , 1880 103 23 and and CC 1880 103 24 the the DT 1880 103 25 number number NN 1880 103 26 of of IN 1880 103 27 pages page NNS 1880 103 28 in in IN 1880 103 29 each each DT 1880 103 30 guide guide NN 1880 103 31 did do VBD 1880 103 32 not not RB 1880 103 33 change change VB 1880 103 34 from from IN 1880 103 35 semester semester NN 1880 103 36 to to IN 1880 103 37 semester semester NNP 1880 103 38 . . . 1880 104 1 DATA datum NNS 1880 104 2 COLLECTION COLLECTION NNPS 1880 104 3 AND and CC 1880 104 4 RESULTS RESULTS NNP 1880 104 5 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 104 6 provides provide VBZ 1880 104 7 monthly monthly JJ 1880 104 8 usage usage NN 1880 104 9 statistics statistic NNS 1880 104 10 that that WDT 1880 104 11 include include VBP 1880 104 12 the the DT 1880 104 13 total total JJ 1880 104 14 hits hit NNS 1880 104 15 on on IN 1880 104 16 each each DT 1880 104 17 guide guide NN 1880 104 18 and and CC 1880 104 19 the the DT 1880 104 20 number number NN 1880 104 21 of of IN 1880 104 22 hits hit NNS 1880 104 23 on on IN 1880 104 24 each each DT 1880 104 25 page page NN 1880 104 26 of of IN 1880 104 27 a a DT 1880 104 28 guide guide NN 1880 104 29 . . . 1880 105 1 Use use NN 1880 105 2 of of IN 1880 105 3 secondary secondary JJ 1880 105 4 pages page NNS 1880 105 5 of of IN 1880 105 6 the the DT 1880 105 7 guides guide NNS 1880 105 8 was be VBD 1880 105 9 measured measure VBN 1880 105 10 by by IN 1880 105 11 calculating calculate VBG 1880 105 12 the the DT 1880 105 13 proportion proportion NN 1880 105 14 of of IN 1880 105 15 hits hit NNS 1880 105 16 to to IN 1880 105 17 each each DT 1880 105 18 guide guide NN 1880 105 19 that that WDT 1880 105 20 occurred occur VBD 1880 105 21 on on IN 1880 105 22 secondary secondary JJ 1880 105 23 pages page NNS 1880 105 24 . . . 1880 106 1 Data datum NNS 1880 106 2 for for IN 1880 106 3 the the DT 1880 106 4 fall fall NN 1880 106 5 2010 2010 CD 1880 106 6 semester semester NN 1880 106 7 ( ( -LRB- 1880 106 8 September September NNP 1880 106 9 through through IN 1880 106 10 December December NNP 1880 106 11 2010 2010 CD 1880 106 12 ) ) -RRB- 1880 106 13 was be VBD 1880 106 14 used use VBN 1880 106 15 to to TO 1880 106 16 measure measure VB 1880 106 17 usage usage NN 1880 106 18 patterns pattern NNS 1880 106 19 before before IN 1880 106 20 navigation navigation NN 1880 106 21 changes change NNS 1880 106 22 were be VBD 1880 106 23 made make VBN 1880 106 24 to to IN 1880 106 25 the the DT 1880 106 26 experimental experimental JJ 1880 106 27 guides guide NNS 1880 106 28 . . . 1880 107 1 Data datum NNS 1880 107 2 for for IN 1880 107 3 the the DT 1880 107 4 winter winter NN 1880 107 5 2011 2011 CD 1880 107 6 semester semester NN 1880 107 7 ( ( -LRB- 1880 107 8 January January NNP 1880 107 9 through through IN 1880 107 10 April April NNP 1880 107 11 2011 2011 CD 1880 107 12 ) ) -RRB- 1880 107 13 was be VBD 1880 107 14 used use VBN 1880 107 15 to to TO 1880 107 16 measure measure VB 1880 107 17 usage usage NN 1880 107 18 patterns pattern NNS 1880 107 19 after after IN 1880 107 20 navigation navigation NN 1880 107 21 changes change NNS 1880 107 22 were be VBD 1880 107 23 made make VBN 1880 107 24 . . . 1880 108 1 Each each DT 1880 108 2 would would MD 1880 108 3 represent represent VB 1880 108 4 a a DT 1880 108 5 full full JJ 1880 108 6 semester semester NN 1880 108 7 ’s ’s POS 1880 108 8 use use NN 1880 108 9 at at IN 1880 108 10 similar similar JJ 1880 108 11 enrollment enrollment NN 1880 108 12 levels level NNS 1880 108 13 with with IN 1880 108 14 many many JJ 1880 108 15 of of IN 1880 108 16 the the DT 1880 108 17 same same JJ 1880 108 18 courses course NNS 1880 108 19 and and CC 1880 108 20 assignments assignment NNS 1880 108 21 . . . 1880 109 1 Usage usage NN 1880 109 2 patterns pattern NNS 1880 109 3 for for IN 1880 109 4 the the DT 1880 109 5 comparison comparison NN 1880 109 6 guides guide NNS 1880 109 7 were be VBD 1880 109 8 also also RB 1880 109 9 examined examine VBN 1880 109 10 for for IN 1880 109 11 these these DT 1880 109 12 periods period NNS 1880 109 13 . . . 1880 110 1 IMPROVING improve VBG 1880 110 2 INDEPENDENT INDEPENDENT NNP 1880 110 3 STUDENT student NN 1880 110 4 NAVIGATION navigation NN 1880 110 5 OF of IN 1880 110 6 COMPLEX complex NN 1880 110 7 EDUCATIONAL educational JJ 1880 110 8 WEBSITES website NNS 1880 110 9 | | VBD 1880 110 10 PITTSLEY PITTSLEY NNS 1880 110 11 AND and CC 1880 110 12 MEMMOTT MEMMOTT NNP 1880 110 13 59 59 CD 1880 110 14 As as IN 1880 110 15 shown show VBN 1880 110 16 in in IN 1880 110 17 figures figure NNS 1880 110 18 3 3 CD 1880 110 19 and and CC 1880 110 20 4 4 CD 1880 110 21 , , , 1880 110 22 in in IN 1880 110 23 both both DT 1880 110 24 group group NN 1880 110 25 A A NNP 1880 110 26 and and CC 1880 110 27 group group NN 1880 110 28 B B NNP 1880 110 29 , , , 1880 110 30 the the DT 1880 110 31 percentage percentage NN 1880 110 32 of of IN 1880 110 33 hits hit NNS 1880 110 34 on on IN 1880 110 35 secondary secondary JJ 1880 110 36 pages page NNS 1880 110 37 increased increase VBD 1880 110 38 in in IN 1880 110 39 five five CD 1880 110 40 guides guide NNS 1880 110 41 and and CC 1880 110 42 decreased decrease VBD 1880 110 43 in in IN 1880 110 44 two two CD 1880 110 45 guides guide NNS 1880 110 46 . . . 1880 111 1 Figure figure NN 1880 111 2 3 3 CD 1880 111 3 . . . 1880 112 1 Group Group NNP 1880 112 2 A A NNP 1880 112 3 : : : 1880 112 4 Change change NN 1880 112 5 in in IN 1880 112 6 Secondary secondary JJ 1880 112 7 Page Page NNP 1880 112 8 Usage Usage NNP 1880 112 9 with with IN 1880 112 10 Content Content NNP 1880 112 11 Menus Menus NNP 1880 112 12 Added add VBN 1880 112 13 for for IN 1880 112 14 Winter Winter NNP 1880 112 15 2011 2011 CD 1880 112 16 Figure Figure NNP 1880 112 17 4 4 CD 1880 112 18 . . . 1880 113 1 Group Group NNP 1880 113 2 B B NNP 1880 113 3 : : : 1880 113 4 Change change NN 1880 113 5 in in IN 1880 113 6 Secondary secondary JJ 1880 113 7 Page Page NNP 1880 113 8 Usage Usage NNP 1880 113 9 with with IN 1880 113 10 New New NNP 1880 113 11 Tab Tab NNP 1880 113 12 Design Design NNP 1880 113 13 for for IN 1880 113 14 Winter Winter NNP 1880 113 15 2011 2011 CD 1880 113 16 Both both DT 1880 113 17 groups group NNS 1880 113 18 of of IN 1880 113 19 experimental experimental JJ 1880 113 20 guides guide NNS 1880 113 21 showed show VBD 1880 113 22 an an DT 1880 113 23 increase increase NN 1880 113 24 in in IN 1880 113 25 use use NN 1880 113 26 of of IN 1880 113 27 secondary secondary JJ 1880 113 28 guide guide NN 1880 113 29 pages page NNS 1880 113 30 after after IN 1880 113 31 the the DT 1880 113 32 design design NN 1880 113 33 changes change NNS 1880 113 34 were be VBD 1880 113 35 made make VBN 1880 113 36 . . . 1880 114 1 The the DT 1880 114 2 median median JJ 1880 114 3 usage usage NN 1880 114 4 score score NN 1880 114 5 was be VBD 1880 114 6 calculated calculate VBN 1880 114 7 for for IN 1880 114 8 each each DT 1880 114 9 group group NN 1880 114 10 . . . 1880 115 1 Group Group NNP 1880 115 2 A A NNP 1880 115 3 , , , 1880 115 4 with with IN 1880 115 5 the the DT 1880 115 6 added add VBN 1880 115 7 menu menu NNP 1880 115 8 links links NNP 1880 115 9 , , , 1880 115 10 showed show VBD 1880 115 11 an an DT 1880 115 12 increase increase NN 1880 115 13 of of IN 1880 115 14 10.3 10.3 CD 1880 115 15 points point NNS 1880 115 16 in in IN 1880 115 17 the the DT 1880 115 18 median median JJ 1880 115 19 percentage percentage NN 1880 115 20 of of IN 1880 115 21 guide guide NN 1880 115 22 hits hit NNS 1880 115 23 on on IN 1880 115 24 secondary secondary JJ 1880 115 25 pages page NNS 1880 115 26 . . . 1880 116 1 Group Group NNP 1880 116 2 B B NNP 1880 116 3 , , , 1880 116 4 with with IN 1880 116 5 redesigned redesign VBN 1880 116 6 tabs tab NNS 1880 116 7 , , , 1880 116 8 showed show VBD 1880 116 9 an an DT 1880 116 10 increase increase NN 1880 116 11 of of IN 1880 116 12 10.4 10.4 CD 1880 116 13 points point NNS 1880 116 14 in in IN 1880 116 15 the the DT 1880 116 16 median median JJ 1880 116 17 percentage percentage NN 1880 116 18 of of IN 1880 116 19 guide guide NN 1880 116 20 hits hit NNS 1880 116 21 on on IN 1880 116 22 secondary secondary JJ 1880 116 23 pages page NNS 1880 116 24 . . . 1880 117 1 Within within IN 1880 117 2 the the DT 1880 117 3 comparison comparison NN 1880 117 4 guides guide VBZ 1880 117 5 , , , 1880 117 6 the the DT 1880 117 7 proportion proportion NN 1880 117 8 of of IN 1880 117 9 hits hit VBZ 1880 117 10 Secondary Secondary NNP 1880 117 11 Tab Tab NNP 1880 117 12 Usage Usage NNP 1880 117 13 : : : 1880 117 14 Guides Guides NNP 1880 117 15 in in IN 1880 117 16 Group Group NNP 1880 117 17 A A NNP 1880 117 18 Fall Fall NNP 1880 117 19 2010 2010 CD 1880 117 20 Winter winter NN 1880 117 21 2011 2011 CD 1880 117 22 Secondary Secondary NNP 1880 117 23 Tab Tab NNP 1880 117 24 Usage Usage NNP 1880 117 25 : : : 1880 117 26 Guides Guides NNP 1880 117 27 in in IN 1880 117 28 Group Group NNP 1880 117 29 B B NNP 1880 117 30 Fall Fall NNP 1880 117 31 2010 2010 CD 1880 117 32 Winter winter NN 1880 117 33 2011 2011 CD 1880 117 34 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 1880 117 35 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 1880 117 36 AND and CC 1880 117 37 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 1880 117 38 | | JJ 1880 117 39 SE SE NNP 1880 117 40 PTEMBER PTEMBER NNP 1880 117 41 2012 2012 CD 1880 117 42 60 60 CD 1880 117 43 on on IN 1880 117 44 secondary secondary JJ 1880 117 45 pages page NNS 1880 117 46 did do VBD 1880 117 47 not not RB 1880 117 48 change change VB 1880 117 49 significantly significantly RB 1880 117 50 from from IN 1880 117 51 fall fall NN 1880 117 52 2010 2010 CD 1880 117 53 to to IN 1880 117 54 winter winter NN 1880 117 55 2011 2011 CD 1880 117 56 . . . 1880 118 1 Table table NN 1880 118 2 1 1 CD 1880 118 3 shows show VBZ 1880 118 4 the the DT 1880 118 5 median median JJ 1880 118 6 percentage percentage NN 1880 118 7 of of IN 1880 118 8 guide guide NN 1880 118 9 hits hit NNS 1880 118 10 on on IN 1880 118 11 secondary secondary JJ 1880 118 12 pages page NNS 1880 118 13 before before IN 1880 118 14 and and CC 1880 118 15 after after IN 1880 118 16 navigation navigation NN 1880 118 17 design design NN 1880 118 18 changes change NNS 1880 118 19 . . . 1880 119 1 Group Group NNP 1880 119 2 A A NNP 1880 119 3 : : : 1880 119 4 Menu Menu NNP 1880 119 5 Links Links NNP 1880 119 6 Added Added NNP 1880 119 7 Group Group NNP 1880 119 8 B B NNP 1880 119 9 : : : 1880 119 10 Tabs Tabs NNP 1880 119 11 Redesigned Redesigned NNP 1880 119 12 Group Group NNP 1880 119 13 C C NNP 1880 119 14 : : : 1880 119 15 Comparison Comparison NNP 1880 119 16 Group Group NNP 1880 119 17 Fall Fall NNP 1880 119 18 2010 2010 CD 1880 119 19 39.1 39.1 CD 1880 119 20 % % NN 1880 119 21 50.5 50.5 CD 1880 119 22 % % NN 1880 119 23 37.7 37.7 CD 1880 119 24 % % NN 1880 119 25 Winter Winter NNP 1880 119 26 2011 2011 CD 1880 119 27 49.4 49.4 CD 1880 119 28 % % NN 1880 119 29 60.9 60.9 CD 1880 119 30 % % NN 1880 119 31 37.4 37.4 CD 1880 119 32 % % NN 1880 119 33 Table table NN 1880 119 34 1 1 CD 1880 119 35 . . . 1880 120 1 Median median JJ 1880 120 2 Percentage Percentage NNP 1880 120 3 of of IN 1880 120 4 Guide Guide NNP 1880 120 5 Hits Hits NNPS 1880 120 6 on on IN 1880 120 7 Secondary secondary JJ 1880 120 8 Pages page NNS 1880 120 9 The the DT 1880 120 10 box box NN 1880 120 11 plot plot NN 1880 120 12 in in IN 1880 120 13 figure figure NN 1880 120 14 5 5 CD 1880 120 15 graphically graphically NN 1880 120 16 illustrates illustrate VBZ 1880 120 17 the the DT 1880 120 18 range range NN 1880 120 19 of of IN 1880 120 20 the the DT 1880 120 21 usage usage NN 1880 120 22 of of IN 1880 120 23 secondary secondary JJ 1880 120 24 pages page NNS 1880 120 25 in in IN 1880 120 26 each each DT 1880 120 27 group group NN 1880 120 28 of of IN 1880 120 29 guides guide NNS 1880 120 30 and and CC 1880 120 31 the the DT 1880 120 32 changes change NNS 1880 120 33 from from IN 1880 120 34 fall fall NN 1880 120 35 2010 2010 CD 1880 120 36 to to IN 1880 120 37 winter winter NN 1880 120 38 2011 2011 CD 1880 120 39 , , , 1880 120 40 showing show VBG 1880 120 41 the the DT 1880 120 42 minimum minimum JJ 1880 120 43 , , , 1880 120 44 maximum maximum JJ 1880 120 45 , , , 1880 120 46 and and CC 1880 120 47 median median JJ 1880 120 48 scores score NNS 1880 120 49 , , , 1880 120 50 as as RB 1880 120 51 well well RB 1880 120 52 as as IN 1880 120 53 the the DT 1880 120 54 range range NN 1880 120 55 of of IN 1880 120 56 each each DT 1880 120 57 quartile quartile NN 1880 120 58 . . . 1880 121 1 Figure figure NN 1880 121 2 5 5 CD 1880 121 3 . . . 1880 122 1 Distribution distribution NN 1880 122 2 of of IN 1880 122 3 Percentage percentage NN 1880 122 4 of of IN 1880 122 5 Guide Guide NNP 1880 122 6 Hits Hits NNPS 1880 122 7 on on IN 1880 122 8 Secondary secondary JJ 1880 122 9 Pages Pages NNPS 1880 122 10 . . . 1880 123 1 This this DT 1880 123 2 figure figure NN 1880 123 3 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ 1880 123 4 the the DT 1880 123 5 change change NN 1880 123 6 in in IN 1880 123 7 usage usage NN 1880 123 8 pattern pattern NN 1880 123 9 for for IN 1880 123 10 groups group NNS 1880 123 11 A a NN 1880 123 12 and and CC 1880 123 13 B b NN 1880 123 14 and and CC 1880 123 15 the the DT 1880 123 16 lack lack NN 1880 123 17 of of IN 1880 123 18 change change NN 1880 123 19 in in IN 1880 123 20 usage usage NN 1880 123 21 pattern pattern NN 1880 123 22 for for IN 1880 123 23 comparison comparison NN 1880 123 24 group group NN 1880 123 25 C. C. NNP 1880 123 26 Averages Averages NNP 1880 123 27 for for IN 1880 123 28 the the DT 1880 123 29 percentage percentage NN 1880 123 30 change change NN 1880 123 31 in in IN 1880 123 32 secondary secondary JJ 1880 123 33 tab tab NN 1880 123 34 use use NN 1880 123 35 were be VBD 1880 123 36 also also RB 1880 123 37 computed compute VBN 1880 123 38 for for IN 1880 123 39 the the DT 1880 123 40 combined combined JJ 1880 123 41 experimental experimental JJ 1880 123 42 groups group NNS 1880 123 43 and and CC 1880 123 44 the the DT 1880 123 45 comparison comparison NN 1880 123 46 group group NN 1880 123 47 . . . 1880 124 1 0 0 CD 1880 124 2 % % NN 1880 124 3 10 10 CD 1880 124 4 % % NN 1880 124 5 20 20 CD 1880 124 6 % % NN 1880 124 7 30 30 CD 1880 124 8 % % NN 1880 124 9 40 40 CD 1880 124 10 % % NN 1880 124 11 50 50 CD 1880 124 12 % % NN 1880 124 13 60 60 CD 1880 124 14 % % NN 1880 124 15 70 70 CD 1880 124 16 % % NN 1880 124 17 80 80 CD 1880 124 18 % % NN 1880 124 19 90 90 CD 1880 124 20 % % NN 1880 124 21 Group Group NNP 1880 124 22 A A NNP 1880 124 23 F10 F10 NNP 1880 124 24 Group Group NNP 1880 124 25 A A NNP 1880 124 26 W11 W11 NNP 1880 124 27 Group Group NNP 1880 124 28 B B NNP 1880 124 29 F10 F10 NNP 1880 124 30 Group Group NNP 1880 124 31 B B NNP 1880 124 32 W11 W11 NNP 1880 124 33 Group Group NNP 1880 124 34 C C NNP 1880 124 35 F10 F10 NNP 1880 124 36 Group Group NNP 1880 124 37 C C NNP 1880 124 38 W11 W11 NNP 1880 124 39 IMPROVING IMPROVING NNP 1880 124 40 INDEPENDENT independent NN 1880 124 41 STUDENT student NN 1880 124 42 NAVIGATION navigation NN 1880 124 43 OF of IN 1880 124 44 COMPLEX complex NN 1880 124 45 EDUCATIONAL educational JJ 1880 124 46 WEBSITES website NNS 1880 124 47 | | VBD 1880 124 48 PITTSLEY PITTSLEY NNS 1880 124 49 AND and CC 1880 124 50 MEMMOTT MEMMOTT NNP 1880 124 51 61 61 CD 1880 124 52 Experimental Experimental NNP 1880 124 53 or or CC 1880 124 54 Comparison Comparison NNP 1880 124 55 N N NNP 1880 124 56 Mean Mean NNP 1880 124 57 Std Std NNP 1880 124 58 . . . 1880 125 1 Deviation deviation NN 1880 125 2 Std Std NNP 1880 125 3 . . . 1880 126 1 Error error NN 1880 126 2 Mean Mean NNP 1880 126 3 Change Change NNP 1880 126 4 in in IN 1880 126 5 secondary secondary JJ 1880 126 6 tab tab NN 1880 126 7 use use VBP 1880 126 8 dim dim JJ 1880 126 9 ension ension NN 1880 126 10 1 1 CD 1880 126 11 Experimental Experimental NNP 1880 126 12 14 14 CD 1880 126 13 .07871 .07871 . 1880 126 14 .097840 .097840 XX 1880 126 15 .026149 .026149 . 1880 126 16 Comparison comparison NN 1880 126 17 16 16 CD 1880 126 18 - - : 1880 126 19 . . . 1880 127 1 02550 02550 CD 1880 127 2 .145977 .145977 . 1880 127 3 .036494 .036494 NFP 1880 127 4 Table table NN 1880 127 5 2 2 CD 1880 127 6 . . . 1880 128 1 Average average JJ 1880 128 2 Change change NN 1880 128 3 in in IN 1880 128 4 Secondary secondary JJ 1880 128 5 Tab Tab NNP 1880 128 6 Use Use NNP 1880 128 7 from from IN 1880 128 8 Fall Fall NNP 1880 128 9 2010 2010 CD 1880 128 10 to to IN 1880 128 11 Winter winter NN 1880 128 12 2011 2011 CD 1880 128 13 , , , 1880 128 14 Comparing compare VBG 1880 128 15 All all DT 1880 128 16 Experimental Experimental NNP 1880 128 17 Guides Guides NNPS 1880 128 18 ( ( -LRB- 1880 128 19 Groups Groups NNP 1880 128 20 A A NNP 1880 128 21 & & CC 1880 128 22 B b NN 1880 128 23 ) ) -RRB- 1880 128 24 With with IN 1880 128 25 All all DT 1880 128 26 Comparison Comparison NNP 1880 128 27 ( ( -LRB- 1880 128 28 Group Group NNP 1880 128 29 C C NNP 1880 128 30 ) ) -RRB- 1880 128 31 Guides Guides NNP 1880 128 32 . . . 1880 129 1 When when WRB 1880 129 2 comparing compare VBG 1880 129 3 all all DT 1880 129 4 experimental experimental JJ 1880 129 5 guides guide NNS 1880 129 6 and and CC 1880 129 7 all all DT 1880 129 8 comparison comparison NN 1880 129 9 guides guide VBZ 1880 129 10 , , , 1880 129 11 the the DT 1880 129 12 change change NN 1880 129 13 in in IN 1880 129 14 use use NN 1880 129 15 of of IN 1880 129 16 secondary secondary JJ 1880 129 17 pages page NNS 1880 129 18 was be VBD 1880 129 19 found find VBN 1880 129 20 to to TO 1880 129 21 be be VB 1880 129 22 statistically statistically RB 1880 129 23 significant significant JJ 1880 129 24 . . . 1880 130 1 The the DT 1880 130 2 average average JJ 1880 130 3 change change NN 1880 130 4 in in IN 1880 130 5 use use NN 1880 130 6 of of IN 1880 130 7 secondary secondary JJ 1880 130 8 pages page NNS 1880 130 9 for for IN 1880 130 10 all all DT 1880 130 11 experimental experimental JJ 1880 130 12 guides guide NNS 1880 130 13 ( ( -LRB- 1880 130 14 groups group NNS 1880 130 15 A a NN 1880 130 16 and and CC 1880 130 17 B b NN 1880 130 18 ) ) -RRB- 1880 130 19 was be VBD 1880 130 20 .07871 .07871 JJ 1880 130 21 , , , 1880 130 22 and and CC 1880 130 23 the the DT 1880 130 24 average average NN 1880 130 25 for for IN 1880 130 26 all all DT 1880 130 27 comparison comparison NN 1880 130 28 guides guide NNS 1880 130 29 ( ( -LRB- 1880 130 30 group group NN 1880 130 31 C C NNP 1880 130 32 ) ) -RRB- 1880 130 33 was be VBD 1880 130 34 -.02550 -.02550 CD 1880 130 35 . . . 1880 131 1 A a DT 1880 131 2 t t NN 1880 131 3 test test NN 1880 131 4 showed show VBD 1880 131 5 that that IN 1880 131 6 this this DT 1880 131 7 difference difference NN 1880 131 8 was be VBD 1880 131 9 significant significant JJ 1880 131 10 at at IN 1880 131 11 the the DT 1880 131 12 p p NN 1880 131 13 < < XX 1880 131 14 . . . 1880 132 1 05 05 CD 1880 132 2 level level NN 1880 132 3 ( ( -LRB- 1880 132 4 p p NN 1880 132 5 = = SYM 1880 132 6 .032 .032 CD 1880 132 7 ) ) -RRB- 1880 132 8 . . . 1880 133 1 STUDY STUDY NNP 1880 133 2 LIMITATIONS LIMITATIONS NNP 1880 133 3 In in IN 1880 133 4 some some DT 1880 133 5 ( ( -LRB- 1880 133 6 possibly possibly RB 1880 133 7 many many JJ 1880 133 8 ) ) -RRB- 1880 133 9 cases case NNS 1880 133 10 , , , 1880 133 11 the the DT 1880 133 12 first first JJ 1880 133 13 page page NN 1880 133 14 of of IN 1880 133 15 the the DT 1880 133 16 guide guide NN 1880 133 17 provides provide VBZ 1880 133 18 all all DT 1880 133 19 necessary necessary JJ 1880 133 20 sources source NNS 1880 133 21 and and CC 1880 133 22 advice advice NN 1880 133 23 for for IN 1880 133 24 an an DT 1880 133 25 assignment assignment NN 1880 133 26 . . . 1880 134 1 We -PRON- PRP 1880 134 2 measured measure VBD 1880 134 3 actual actual JJ 1880 134 4 use use NN 1880 134 5 of of IN 1880 134 6 secondary secondary JJ 1880 134 7 pages page NNS 1880 134 8 , , , 1880 134 9 but but CC 1880 134 10 were be VBD 1880 134 11 unable unable JJ 1880 134 12 to to TO 1880 134 13 measure measure VB 1880 134 14 recognition recognition NN 1880 134 15 of of IN 1880 134 16 navigation navigation NN 1880 134 17 elements element NNS 1880 134 18 where where WRB 1880 134 19 the the DT 1880 134 20 student student NN 1880 134 21 did do VBD 1880 134 22 not not RB 1880 134 23 use use VB 1880 134 24 the the DT 1880 134 25 secondary secondary JJ 1880 134 26 pages page NNS 1880 134 27 because because IN 1880 134 28 they -PRON- PRP 1880 134 29 had have VBD 1880 134 30 no no DT 1880 134 31 need need NN 1880 134 32 for for IN 1880 134 33 additional additional JJ 1880 134 34 resources resource NNS 1880 134 35 . . . 1880 135 1 Because because IN 1880 135 2 it -PRON- PRP 1880 135 3 was be VBD 1880 135 4 n’t not RB 1880 135 5 possible possible JJ 1880 135 6 to to TO 1880 135 7 control control VB 1880 135 8 use use NN 1880 135 9 of of IN 1880 135 10 the the DT 1880 135 11 guides guide NNS 1880 135 12 during during IN 1880 135 13 the the DT 1880 135 14 periods period NNS 1880 135 15 studied study VBN 1880 135 16 , , , 1880 135 17 it -PRON- PRP 1880 135 18 is be VBZ 1880 135 19 possible possible JJ 1880 135 20 that that IN 1880 135 21 factors factor NNS 1880 135 22 other other JJ 1880 135 23 than than IN 1880 135 24 the the DT 1880 135 25 design design NN 1880 135 26 changes change NNS 1880 135 27 contributed contribute VBD 1880 135 28 to to IN 1880 135 29 the the DT 1880 135 30 pattern pattern NN 1880 135 31 of of IN 1880 135 32 hits hit NNS 1880 135 33 . . . 1880 136 1 Though though IN 1880 136 2 subject subject JJ 1880 136 3 guides guide NNS 1880 136 4 rather rather RB 1880 136 5 than than IN 1880 136 6 class class NN 1880 136 7 guides guide NNS 1880 136 8 were be VBD 1880 136 9 used use VBN 1880 136 10 to to TO 1880 136 11 limit limit VB 1880 136 12 the the DT 1880 136 13 influence influence NN 1880 136 14 of of IN 1880 136 15 instruction instruction NN 1880 136 16 in in IN 1880 136 17 the the DT 1880 136 18 use use NN 1880 136 19 of of IN 1880 136 20 guides guide NNS 1880 136 21 , , , 1880 136 22 it -PRON- PRP 1880 136 23 was be VBD 1880 136 24 n’t not RB 1880 136 25 possible possible JJ 1880 136 26 to to TO 1880 136 27 determine determine VB 1880 136 28 with with IN 1880 136 29 certainty certainty NN 1880 136 30 if if IN 1880 136 31 other other JJ 1880 136 32 faculty faculty NN 1880 136 33 members member NNS 1880 136 34 instructed instruct VBD 1880 136 35 a a DT 1880 136 36 significant significant JJ 1880 136 37 number number NN 1880 136 38 of of IN 1880 136 39 students student NNS 1880 136 40 in in IN 1880 136 41 the the DT 1880 136 42 use use NN 1880 136 43 of of IN 1880 136 44 particular particular JJ 1880 136 45 guides guide NNS 1880 136 46 during during IN 1880 136 47 the the DT 1880 136 48 periods period NNS 1880 136 49 examined examine VBN 1880 136 50 . . . 1880 137 1 The the DT 1880 137 2 comparison comparison NN 1880 137 3 group group NN 1880 137 4 was be VBD 1880 137 5 slightly slightly RB 1880 137 6 dissimilar dissimilar JJ 1880 137 7 in in IN 1880 137 8 that that IN 1880 137 9 they -PRON- PRP 1880 137 10 had have VBD 1880 137 11 fewer few JJR 1880 137 12 pages page NNS 1880 137 13 than than IN 1880 137 14 the the DT 1880 137 15 experimental experimental JJ 1880 137 16 guides guide NNS 1880 137 17 ; ; : 1880 137 18 however however RB 1880 137 19 , , , 1880 137 20 the the DT 1880 137 21 number number NN 1880 137 22 of of IN 1880 137 23 pages page NNS 1880 137 24 on on IN 1880 137 25 a a DT 1880 137 26 guide guide NN 1880 137 27 did do VBD 1880 137 28 not not RB 1880 137 29 correlate correlate VB 1880 137 30 with with IN 1880 137 31 a a DT 1880 137 32 change change NN 1880 137 33 in in IN 1880 137 34 percentage percentage NN 1880 137 35 of of IN 1880 137 36 hits hit NNS 1880 137 37 on on IN 1880 137 38 secondary secondary JJ 1880 137 39 pages page NNS 1880 137 40 from from IN 1880 137 41 one one CD 1880 137 42 semester semester NN 1880 137 43 to to IN 1880 137 44 the the DT 1880 137 45 next next JJ 1880 137 46 . . . 1880 138 1 APPLICATION application NN 1880 138 2 OF of IN 1880 138 3 FINDINGS FINDINGS NNP 1880 138 4 When when WRB 1880 138 5 presented present VBN 1880 138 6 with with IN 1880 138 7 the the DT 1880 138 8 study study NN 1880 138 9 results result NNS 1880 138 10 , , , 1880 138 11 the the DT 1880 138 12 full full JJ 1880 138 13 library library NN 1880 138 14 faculty faculty NN 1880 138 15 at at IN 1880 138 16 EMU EMU NNP 1880 138 17 expressed express VBD 1880 138 18 interest interest NN 1880 138 19 in in IN 1880 138 20 using use VBG 1880 138 21 both both DT 1880 138 22 design design NN 1880 138 23 changes change NNS 1880 138 24 across across IN 1880 138 25 all all DT 1880 138 26 library library JJ 1880 138 27 research research NN 1880 138 28 guides guide NNS 1880 138 29 . . . 1880 139 1 The the DT 1880 139 2 change change NN 1880 139 3 to to TO 1880 139 4 tab tab VB 1880 139 5 design design NN 1880 139 6 — — : 1880 139 7 which which WDT 1880 139 8 is be VBZ 1880 139 9 easiest easy JJS 1880 139 10 to to TO 1880 139 11 implement implement VB 1880 139 12 — — : 1880 139 13 has have VBZ 1880 139 14 been be VBN 1880 139 15 made make VBN 1880 139 16 to to IN 1880 139 17 all all DT 1880 139 18 subject subject JJ 1880 139 19 guides guide NNS 1880 139 20 . . . 1880 140 1 Some some DT 1880 140 2 librarians librarian NNS 1880 140 3 also also RB 1880 140 4 chose choose VBD 1880 140 5 to to TO 1880 140 6 add add VB 1880 140 7 content content NN 1880 140 8 menus menu NNS 1880 140 9 to to IN 1880 140 10 selected select VBN 1880 140 11 guides guide NNS 1880 140 12 . . . 1880 141 1 Since since IN 1880 141 2 the the DT 1880 141 3 complexity complexity NN 1880 141 4 of of IN 1880 141 5 research research NN 1880 141 6 guides guide NNS 1880 141 7 is be VBZ 1880 141 8 also also RB 1880 141 9 a a DT 1880 141 10 factor factor NN 1880 141 11 in in IN 1880 141 12 successful successful JJ 1880 141 13 navigation,35 navigation,35 VBZ 1880 141 14 a a DT 1880 141 15 recent recent JJ 1880 141 16 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 141 17 enhancement enhancement NN 1880 141 18 was be VBD 1880 141 19 used use VBN 1880 141 20 to to TO 1880 141 21 move move VB 1880 141 22 elements element NNS 1880 141 23 from from IN 1880 141 24 the the DT 1880 141 25 header header NN 1880 141 26 area area NN 1880 141 27 to to IN 1880 141 28 the the DT 1880 141 29 bottom bottom NN 1880 141 30 of of IN 1880 141 31 the the DT 1880 141 32 guides guide NNS 1880 141 33 . . . 1880 142 1 The the DT 1880 142 2 elements element NNS 1880 142 3 moved move VBD 1880 142 4 out out IN 1880 142 5 of of IN 1880 142 6 the the DT 1880 142 7 header header NN 1880 142 8 included include VBD 1880 142 9 the the DT 1880 142 10 date date NN 1880 142 11 of of IN 1880 142 12 last last JJ 1880 142 13 update update NN 1880 142 14 , , , 1880 142 15 guide guide VB 1880 142 16 URL url NN 1880 142 17 , , , 1880 142 18 print print NN 1880 142 19 option option NN 1880 142 20 , , , 1880 142 21 and and CC 1880 142 22 RSS RSS NNP 1880 142 23 updates update VBZ 1880 142 24 . . . 1880 143 1 The the DT 1880 143 2 investigators investigator NNS 1880 143 3 hypothesize hypothesize VBP 1880 143 4 that that IN 1880 143 5 the the DT 1880 143 6 reduced reduce VBN 1880 143 7 complexity complexity NN 1880 143 8 of of IN 1880 143 9 the the DT 1880 143 10 header header NN 1880 143 11 may may MD 1880 143 12 help help VB 1880 143 13 in in IN 1880 143 14 recognizing recognize VBG 1880 143 15 the the DT 1880 143 16 tab tab NNP 1880 143 17 navigation navigation NN 1880 143 18 . . . 1880 144 1 Although although IN 1880 144 2 convinced convinced JJ 1880 144 3 that that IN 1880 144 4 the the DT 1880 144 5 experimental experimental JJ 1880 144 6 changes change NNS 1880 144 7 made make VBD 1880 144 8 a a DT 1880 144 9 difference difference NN 1880 144 10 to to IN 1880 144 11 independent independent JJ 1880 144 12 student student NN 1880 144 13 navigation navigation NN 1880 144 14 in in IN 1880 144 15 research research NN 1880 144 16 guides guide NNS 1880 144 17 , , , 1880 144 18 the the DT 1880 144 19 authors author NNS 1880 144 20 hope hope VBP 1880 144 21 to to TO 1880 144 22 find find VB 1880 144 23 further further JJ 1880 144 24 ways way NNS 1880 144 25 to to TO 1880 144 26 strengthen strengthen VB 1880 144 27 independent independent JJ 1880 144 28 navigation navigation NN 1880 144 29 . . . 1880 145 1 Vendor vendor NN 1880 145 2 design design NN 1880 145 3 changes change NNS 1880 145 4 to to TO 1880 145 5 enhance enhance VB 1880 145 6 the the DT 1880 145 7 tab tab NN 1880 145 8 metaphor metaphor NN 1880 145 9 , , , 1880 145 10 such such JJ 1880 145 11 as as IN 1880 145 12 creating create VBG 1880 145 13 a a DT 1880 145 14 more more RBR 1880 145 15 visible visible JJ 1880 145 16 connection connection NN 1880 145 17 between between IN 1880 145 18 the the DT 1880 145 19 active active JJ 1880 145 20 tab tab NN 1880 145 21 and and CC 1880 145 22 page page NN 1880 145 23 , , , 1880 145 24 might may MD 1880 145 25 also also RB 1880 145 26 improve improve VB 1880 145 27 navigation.36 navigation.36 NNP 1880 145 28 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 1880 145 29 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 1880 145 30 AND and CC 1880 145 31 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 1880 145 32 | | JJ 1880 145 33 SE SE NNP 1880 145 34 PTEMBER PTEMBER NNP 1880 145 35 2012 2012 CD 1880 145 36 62 62 CD 1880 145 37 CONCLUSION CONCLUSION NNP 1880 145 38 Designing Designing NNP 1880 145 39 navigation navigation NN 1880 145 40 for for IN 1880 145 41 complex complex JJ 1880 145 42 sites site NNS 1880 145 43 , , , 1880 145 44 such such JJ 1880 145 45 as as IN 1880 145 46 library library NN 1880 145 47 research research NN 1880 145 48 guides guide NNS 1880 145 49 , , , 1880 145 50 is be VBZ 1880 145 51 likely likely JJ 1880 145 52 to to TO 1880 145 53 be be VB 1880 145 54 an an DT 1880 145 55 ongoing ongoing JJ 1880 145 56 challenge challenge NN 1880 145 57 . . . 1880 146 1 This this DT 1880 146 2 study study NN 1880 146 3 suggests suggest VBZ 1880 146 4 that that IN 1880 146 5 thoughtful thoughtful JJ 1880 146 6 design design NN 1880 146 7 changes change NNS 1880 146 8 can can MD 1880 146 9 improve improve VB 1880 146 10 navigation navigation NN 1880 146 11 . . . 1880 147 1 In in IN 1880 147 2 this this DT 1880 147 3 case case NN 1880 147 4 , , , 1880 147 5 both both CC 1880 147 6 duplicate duplicate VBP 1880 147 7 menu menu NN 1880 147 8 links link NNS 1880 147 9 and and CC 1880 147 10 improvements improvement NNS 1880 147 11 to to TO 1880 147 12 tab tab VB 1880 147 13 design design NNP 1880 147 14 improved improve VBN 1880 147 15 independent independent JJ 1880 147 16 student student NN 1880 147 17 navigation navigation NN 1880 147 18 of of IN 1880 147 19 complex complex JJ 1880 147 20 research research NN 1880 147 21 sites site NNS 1880 147 22 . . . 1880 148 1 REFERENCES reference NNS 1880 148 2 AND and CC 1880 148 3 NOTES note NNS 1880 148 4 1 1 CD 1880 148 5 . . . 1880 149 1 Eric Eric NNP 1880 149 2 A. A. NNP 1880 149 3 Cooper Cooper NNP 1880 149 4 , , , 1880 149 5 “ " `` 1880 149 6 Library Library NNP 1880 149 7 Guides Guides NNPS 1880 149 8 on on IN 1880 149 9 the the DT 1880 149 10 Web web NN 1880 149 11 : : : 1880 149 12 Traditional Traditional NNP 1880 149 13 Tenets Tenets NNPS 1880 149 14 and and CC 1880 149 15 Internal Internal NNP 1880 149 16 Issues Issues NNPS 1880 149 17 , , , 1880 149 18 ” " '' 1880 149 19 Computers computer NNS 1880 149 20 in in IN 1880 149 21 Libraries library NNS 1880 149 22 17 17 CD 1880 149 23 , , , 1880 149 24 no no UH 1880 149 25 . . . 1880 150 1 9 9 CD 1880 150 2 ( ( -LRB- 1880 150 3 1997 1997 CD 1880 150 4 ) ) -RRB- 1880 150 5 : : : 1880 150 6 52 52 CD 1880 150 7 . . . 1880 151 1 2 2 LS 1880 151 2 . . . 1880 152 1 Barbara Barbara NNP 1880 152 2 Dubicki Dubicki NNP 1880 152 3 Beaton Beaton NNP 1880 152 4 et et NNP 1880 152 5 al al NNP 1880 152 6 . . NNP 1880 152 7 , , , 1880 152 8 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 152 9 Usability Usability NNP 1880 152 10 Task Task NNP 1880 152 11 Force Force NNP 1880 152 12 Guerrilla Guerrilla NNP 1880 152 13 Testing Testing NNP 1880 152 14 ( ( -LRB- 1880 152 15 Ann Ann NNP 1880 152 16 Arbor Arbor NNP 1880 152 17 : : : 1880 152 18 University University NNP 1880 152 19 of of IN 1880 152 20 Michigan Michigan NNP 1880 152 21 , , , 1880 152 22 2009 2009 CD 1880 152 23 ) ) -RRB- 1880 152 24 , , , 1880 152 25 http://www.lib.umich.edu/content/libguides-guerilla- http://www.lib.umich.edu/content/libguides-guerilla- JJ 1880 152 26 testing testing NN 1880 152 27 . . . 1880 153 1 3 3 LS 1880 153 2 . . . 1880 154 1 Jenny Jenny NNP 1880 154 2 Corbin Corbin NNP 1880 154 3 and and CC 1880 154 4 Sharon Sharon NNP 1880 154 5 Karasmanis Karasmanis NNP 1880 154 6 , , , 1880 154 7 Health Health NNP 1880 154 8 Sciences Sciences NNPS 1880 154 9 Information Information NNP 1880 154 10 Literacy Literacy NNP 1880 154 11 Modules Modules NNP 1880 154 12 Usability Usability NNP 1880 154 13 Testing Testing NNP 1880 154 14 Report Report NNP 1880 154 15 ( ( -LRB- 1880 154 16 Bundoora Bundoora NNP 1880 154 17 , , , 1880 154 18 Australia Australia NNP 1880 154 19 : : : 1880 154 20 La La NNP 1880 154 21 Trobe Trobe NNP 1880 154 22 University University NNP 1880 154 23 Library Library NNP 1880 154 24 , , , 1880 154 25 2009 2009 CD 1880 154 26 ) ) -RRB- 1880 154 27 , , , 1880 154 28 http://arrow.latrobe.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.9/80852 http://arrow.latrobe.edu.au:8080/vital/access/handleresolver/1959.9/80852 ADD 1880 154 29 . . . 1880 155 1 4 4 LS 1880 155 2 . . . 1880 156 1 Rachel Rachel NNP 1880 156 2 Hungerford Hungerford NNP 1880 156 3 , , , 1880 156 4 Lauren Lauren NNP 1880 156 5 Ray Ray NNP 1880 156 6 , , , 1880 156 7 Christine Christine NNP 1880 156 8 Tawatao Tawatao NNP 1880 156 9 , , , 1880 156 10 and and CC 1880 156 11 Jennifer Jennifer NNP 1880 156 12 Ward Ward NNP 1880 156 13 , , , 1880 156 14 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 156 15 Usability Usability NNP 1880 156 16 Testing testing NN 1880 156 17 : : : 1880 156 18 Customizing customize VBG 1880 156 19 a a DT 1880 156 20 Product product NN 1880 156 21 to to TO 1880 156 22 Work work VB 1880 156 23 for for IN 1880 156 24 Your -PRON- PRP$ 1880 156 25 Users user NNS 1880 156 26 ( ( -LRB- 1880 156 27 Seattle Seattle NNP 1880 156 28 : : : 1880 156 29 University University NNP 1880 156 30 of of IN 1880 156 31 Washington Washington NNP 1880 156 32 Libraries Libraries NNPS 1880 156 33 , , , 1880 156 34 2010 2010 CD 1880 156 35 ) ) -RRB- 1880 156 36 , , , 1880 156 37 6 6 CD 1880 156 38 , , , 1880 156 39 http://hdl.handle.net/1773/17101 http://hdl.handle.net/1773/17101 NNP 1880 156 40 . . . 1880 157 1 5 5 CD 1880 157 2 . . . 1880 158 1 MIT MIT NNP 1880 158 2 Libraries Libraries NNP 1880 158 3 , , , 1880 158 4 Research Research NNP 1880 158 5 Guides Guides NNPS 1880 158 6 ( ( -LRB- 1880 158 7 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 158 8 ) ) -RRB- 1880 158 9 Usability Usability NNP 1880 158 10 Results Results NNPS 1880 158 11 ( ( -LRB- 1880 158 12 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 1880 158 13 , , , 1880 158 14 MA MA NNP 1880 158 15 : : : 1880 158 16 MIT MIT NNP 1880 158 17 Libraries Libraries NNPS 1880 158 18 , , , 1880 158 19 2008 2008 CD 1880 158 20 ) ) -RRB- 1880 158 21 , , , 1880 158 22 http://libstaff.mit.edu/usability/2008/libguides-summary.html http://libstaff.mit.edu/usability/2008/libguides-summary.html NNP 1880 158 23 ; ; : 1880 158 24 MIT MIT NNP 1880 158 25 Libraries Libraries NNPS 1880 158 26 , , , 1880 158 27 Guidelines Guidelines NNPS 1880 158 28 for for IN 1880 158 29 Staff Staff NNP 1880 158 30 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 158 31 ( ( -LRB- 1880 158 32 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 1880 158 33 , , , 1880 158 34 MA MA NNP 1880 158 35 : : : 1880 158 36 MIT MIT NNP 1880 158 37 Libraries Libraries NNPS 1880 158 38 , , , 1880 158 39 2011 2011 CD 1880 158 40 ) ) -RRB- 1880 158 41 , , , 1880 158 42 http://libguides.mit.edu/staff-guidelines http://libguides.mit.edu/staff-guidelines NNP 1880 158 43 . . . 1880 159 1 6 6 CD 1880 159 2 . . . 1880 160 1 Jonathan Jonathan NNP 1880 160 2 W. W. NNP 1880 160 3 Palmer Palmer NNP 1880 160 4 , , , 1880 160 5 “ " `` 1880 160 6 Web web NN 1880 160 7 Site site NN 1880 160 8 Usability Usability NNP 1880 160 9 , , , 1880 160 10 Design design NN 1880 160 11 , , , 1880 160 12 and and CC 1880 160 13 Performance Performance NNP 1880 160 14 Metrics Metrics NNP 1880 160 15 , , , 1880 160 16 ” " '' 1880 160 17 Information Information NNP 1880 160 18 Systems Systems NNPS 1880 160 19 Research Research NNP 1880 160 20 13 13 CD 1880 160 21 , , , 1880 160 22 no no UH 1880 160 23 . . . 1880 161 1 2 2 CD 1880 161 2 ( ( -LRB- 1880 161 3 2002 2002 CD 1880 161 4 ) ) -RRB- 1880 161 5 : : : 1880 161 6 151 151 CD 1880 161 7 - - SYM 1880 161 8 67 67 CD 1880 161 9 , , , 1880 161 10 doi:10.1287 doi:10.1287 NNP 1880 161 11 / / NFP 1880 161 12 isre.13.2.151.88 isre.13.2.151.88 NNP 1880 161 13 . . . 1880 162 1 7 7 LS 1880 162 2 . . . 1880 163 1 Jakob Jakob NNP 1880 163 2 Nielsen Nielsen NNP 1880 163 3 , , , 1880 163 4 “ " `` 1880 163 5 Is be VBZ 1880 163 6 Navigation Navigation NNP 1880 163 7 Useful useful JJ 1880 163 8 ? ? . 1880 163 9 , , , 1880 163 10 ” " '' 1880 163 11 Jakob Jakob NNP 1880 163 12 Nielsen Nielsen NNP 1880 163 13 ’s ’s POS 1880 163 14 Alertbox Alertbox NNP 1880 163 15 , , , 1880 163 16 http://www.useit.com/alertbox/20000109.html http://www.useit.com/alertbox/20000109.html NNP 1880 163 17 . . . 1880 164 1 8 8 LS 1880 164 2 . . . 1880 165 1 Thomas Thomas NNP 1880 165 2 S. S. NNP 1880 165 3 Tullis Tullis NNP 1880 165 4 , , , 1880 165 5 “ " `` 1880 165 6 Web web NN 1880 165 7 - - HYPH 1880 165 8 Based base VBN 1880 165 9 Presentation Presentation NNP 1880 165 10 of of IN 1880 165 11 Information Information NNP 1880 165 12 : : : 1880 165 13 The the DT 1880 165 14 Top Top NNP 1880 165 15 Ten Ten NNP 1880 165 16 Mistakes Mistakes NNPS 1880 165 17 and and CC 1880 165 18 Why why WRB 1880 165 19 They -PRON- PRP 1880 165 20 are be VBP 1880 165 21 Mistakes mistake NNS 1880 165 22 , , , 1880 165 23 ” " '' 1880 165 24 in in IN 1880 165 25 HCI HCI NNP 1880 165 26 International International NNP 1880 165 27 2005 2005 CD 1880 165 28 Conference Conference NNP 1880 165 29 : : : 1880 165 30 11th 11th NNP 1880 165 31 International International NNP 1880 165 32 Conference Conference NNP 1880 165 33 on on IN 1880 165 34 Human Human NNP 1880 165 35 - - HYPH 1880 165 36 Computer Computer NNP 1880 165 37 Interaction Interaction NNP 1880 165 38 , , , 1880 165 39 22–27 22–27 CD 1880 165 40 , , , 1880 165 41 July July NNP 1880 165 42 2005 2005 CD 1880 165 43 , , , 1880 165 44 Caesars Caesars NNP 1880 165 45 Palace Palace NNP 1880 165 46 , , , 1880 165 47 Las Las NNP 1880 165 48 Vegas Vegas NNP 1880 165 49 , , , 1880 165 50 Nevada Nevada NNP 1880 165 51 USA USA NNP 1880 165 52 ( ( -LRB- 1880 165 53 Mahwah Mahwah NNP 1880 165 54 NJ NJ NNP 1880 165 55 : : : 1880 165 56 Lawrence Lawrence NNP 1880 165 57 Erlbaum Erlbaum NNP 1880 165 58 Associates Associates NNPS 1880 165 59 , , , 1880 165 60 2005 2005 CD 1880 165 61 ) ) -RRB- 1880 165 62 , , , 1880 165 63 doi:10.1.1.107.9769 doi:10.1.1.107.9769 NNS 1880 165 64 . . . 1880 166 1 9 9 CD 1880 166 2 . . . 1880 167 1 Louise Louise NNP 1880 167 2 McGillis McGillis NNP 1880 167 3 and and CC 1880 167 4 Elaine Elaine NNP 1880 167 5 G. G. NNP 1880 167 6 Toms Toms NNP 1880 167 7 , , , 1880 167 8 “ " `` 1880 167 9 Usability usability NN 1880 167 10 of of IN 1880 167 11 the the DT 1880 167 12 Academic Academic NNP 1880 167 13 Library Library NNP 1880 167 14 Web Web NNP 1880 167 15 Site site NN 1880 167 16 : : : 1880 167 17 Implications implication NNS 1880 167 18 for for IN 1880 167 19 Design Design NNP 1880 167 20 , , , 1880 167 21 ” " '' 1880 167 22 College College NNP 1880 167 23 & & CC 1880 167 24 Research Research NNP 1880 167 25 Libraries Libraries NNPS 1880 167 26 62 62 CD 1880 167 27 , , , 1880 167 28 no no UH 1880 167 29 . . . 1880 168 1 4 4 CD 1880 168 2 ( ( -LRB- 1880 168 3 2001 2001 CD 1880 168 4 ) ) -RRB- 1880 168 5 : : : 1880 168 6 355–67 355–67 CD 1880 168 7 , , , 1880 168 8 http://crl.acrl.org/content/62/4/355.short http://crl.acrl.org/content/62/4/355.short CD 1880 168 9 . . . 1880 169 1 10 10 CD 1880 169 2 . . . 1880 170 1 Erica Erica NNP 1880 170 2 Olmsted Olmsted NNP 1880 170 3 - - HYPH 1880 170 4 Hawala Hawala NNP 1880 170 5 et et FW 1880 170 6 al al NNP 1880 170 7 . . NNP 1880 170 8 , , , 1880 170 9 Usability Usability NNP 1880 170 10 Evaluation Evaluation NNP 1880 170 11 of of IN 1880 170 12 the the DT 1880 170 13 Business Business NNP 1880 170 14 and and CC 1880 170 15 Industry Industry NNP 1880 170 16 Web Web NNP 1880 170 17 Site Site NNP 1880 170 18 , , , 1880 170 19 Survey Survey NNP 1880 170 20 Methodology Methodology NNP 1880 170 21 # # NN 1880 170 22 2009–15 2009–15 CD 1880 170 23 , , , 1880 170 24 ( ( -LRB- 1880 170 25 Washington Washington NNP 1880 170 26 , , , 1880 170 27 DC DC NNP 1880 170 28 : : : 1880 170 29 Statistical Statistical NNP 1880 170 30 Research Research NNP 1880 170 31 Division Division NNP 1880 170 32 , , , 1880 170 33 U.S. U.S. NNP 1880 170 34 Census Census NNP 1880 170 35 Bureau Bureau NNP 1880 170 36 , , , 1880 170 37 2009 2009 CD 1880 170 38 ) ) -RRB- 1880 170 39 , , , 1880 170 40 http://www.census.gov/srd/papers/pdf/ssm2009–15.pdf http://www.census.gov/srd/papers/pdf/ssm2009–15.pdf ADD 1880 170 41 . . . 1880 171 1 11 11 CD 1880 171 2 . . . 1880 172 1 Jennifer Jennifer NNP 1880 172 2 Chen Chen NNP 1880 172 3 et et NNP 1880 172 4 al al NNP 1880 172 5 . . NNP 1880 172 6 , , , 1880 172 7 Usability Usability NNP 1880 172 8 Evaluation Evaluation NNP 1880 172 9 of of IN 1880 172 10 the the DT 1880 172 11 Governments Governments NNP 1880 172 12 Division Division NNP 1880 172 13 Public Public NNP 1880 172 14 Web Web NNP 1880 172 15 Site Site NNP 1880 172 16 , , , 1880 172 17 Survey survey VB 1880 172 18 http://www.lib.umich.edu/content/libguides-guerilla-testing http://www.lib.umich.edu/content/libguides-guerilla-testing PRP 1880 172 19 http://www.lib.umich.edu/content/libguides-guerilla-testing http://www.lib.umich.edu/content/libguides-guerilla-testing NN 1880 172 20 http://arrow.latrobe.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.9/80852 http://arrow.latrobe.edu.au:8080/vital/access/handleresolver/1959.9/80852 VBP 1880 172 21 http://hdl.handle.net/1773/17101 http://hdl.handle.net/1773/17101 NNP 1880 172 22 http://crl.acrl.org/content/62/4/355.short http://crl.acrl.org/content/62/4/355.short NNP 1880 172 23 http://www.census.gov/srd/papers/pdf/ssm2009–15.pdf http://www.census.gov/srd/papers/pdf/ssm2009–15.pdf NN 1880 172 24 IMPROVING improve VBG 1880 172 25 INDEPENDENT INDEPENDENT NNP 1880 172 26 STUDENT student NN 1880 172 27 NAVIGATION navigation NN 1880 172 28 OF of IN 1880 172 29 COMPLEX complex NN 1880 172 30 EDUCATIONAL educational JJ 1880 172 31 WEBSITES website NNS 1880 172 32 | | VBD 1880 172 33 PITTSLEY PITTSLEY NNS 1880 172 34 AND and CC 1880 172 35 MEMMOTT MEMMOTT NNP 1880 172 36 63 63 CD 1880 172 37 Methodology methodology NN 1880 172 38 # # $ 1880 172 39 2010–02 2010–02 CD 1880 172 40 , , , 1880 172 41 ( ( -LRB- 1880 172 42 Washington Washington NNP 1880 172 43 , , , 1880 172 44 DC DC NNP 1880 172 45 : : : 1880 172 46 U.S. U.S. NNP 1880 172 47 Census Census NNP 1880 172 48 Bureau Bureau NNP 1880 172 49 , , , 1880 172 50 Usability Usability NNP 1880 172 51 Laboratory Laboratory NNP 1880 172 52 , , , 1880 172 53 2010 2010 CD 1880 172 54 ) ) -RRB- 1880 172 55 , , , 1880 172 56 19 19 CD 1880 172 57 , , , 1880 172 58 http://www.census.gov/srd/papers/pdf/ssm2010-02.pdf http://www.census.gov/srd/papers/pdf/ssm2010-02.pdf ADD 1880 172 59 . . . 1880 173 1 12 12 CD 1880 173 2 . . . 1880 174 1 Jan Jan NNP 1880 174 2 Panero Panero NNP 1880 174 3 Benway Benway NNP 1880 174 4 , , , 1880 174 5 “ " `` 1880 174 6 Banner Banner NNP 1880 174 7 Blindness blindness NN 1880 174 8 : : : 1880 174 9 What what WP 1880 174 10 Searching search VBG 1880 174 11 Users user NNS 1880 174 12 Notice notice VBP 1880 174 13 and and CC 1880 174 14 Do do VBP 1880 174 15 Not not RB 1880 174 16 Notice notice VB 1880 174 17 on on IN 1880 174 18 the the DT 1880 174 19 World World NNP 1880 174 20 Wide Wide NNP 1880 174 21 Web web NN 1880 174 22 ” " '' 1880 174 23 ( ( -LRB- 1880 174 24 PhD PhD NNP 1880 174 25 diss diss NNP 1880 174 26 . . NNP 1880 174 27 , , , 1880 174 28 Rice Rice NNP 1880 174 29 University University NNP 1880 174 30 , , , 1880 174 31 1999 1999 CD 1880 174 32 ) ) -RRB- 1880 174 33 , , , 1880 174 34 75 75 CD 1880 174 35 , , , 1880 174 36 http://hdl.handle.net/1911/19353 http://hdl.handle.net/1911/19353 NNP 1880 174 37 . . . 1880 175 1 13 13 CD 1880 175 2 . . . 1880 176 1 Tullis Tullis NNP 1880 176 2 , , , 1880 176 3 “ " `` 1880 176 4 Web web NN 1880 176 5 - - HYPH 1880 176 6 Based base VBN 1880 176 7 Presentation Presentation NNP 1880 176 8 of of IN 1880 176 9 Information Information NNP 1880 176 10 . . . 1880 176 11 ” " '' 1880 176 12 14 14 CD 1880 176 13 . . . 1880 177 1 Donald Donald NNP 1880 177 2 J. J. NNP 1880 177 3 Nicolson Nicolson NNP 1880 177 4 et et FW 1880 177 5 al al NNP 1880 177 6 . . NNP 1880 177 7 , , , 1880 177 8 “ " `` 1880 177 9 Combining combine VBG 1880 177 10 Concurrent concurrent JJ 1880 177 11 and and CC 1880 177 12 Sequential sequential JJ 1880 177 13 Methods Methods NNPS 1880 177 14 to to TO 1880 177 15 Examine examine VB 1880 177 16 the the DT 1880 177 17 Usability Usability NNP 1880 177 18 and and CC 1880 177 19 Readability Readability NNP 1880 177 20 of of IN 1880 177 21 Websites Websites NNPS 1880 177 22 With with IN 1880 177 23 Information Information NNP 1880 177 24 About about IN 1880 177 25 Medicines Medicines NNP 1880 177 26 , , , 1880 177 27 ” " '' 1880 177 28 Journal Journal NNP 1880 177 29 of of IN 1880 177 30 Mixed Mixed NNP 1880 177 31 Methods Methods NNP 1880 177 32 Research Research NNP 1880 177 33 5 5 CD 1880 177 34 , , , 1880 177 35 no no UH 1880 177 36 . . . 1880 178 1 1 1 CD 1880 178 2 ( ( -LRB- 1880 178 3 2011 2011 CD 1880 178 4 ) ) -RRB- 1880 178 5 : : : 1880 178 6 25–51 25–51 CD 1880 178 7 , , , 1880 178 8 doi:10.1177/1558689810385694 doi:10.1177/1558689810385694 NNP 1880 178 9 . . . 1880 179 1 15 15 CD 1880 179 2 . . . 1880 180 1 Kathryn Kathryn NNP 1880 180 2 Yelinek Yelinek NNP 1880 180 3 et et NNP 1880 180 4 al al NNP 1880 180 5 . . NNP 1880 180 6 , , , 1880 180 7 “ " `` 1880 180 8 Using use VBG 1880 180 9 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 180 10 for for IN 1880 180 11 an an DT 1880 180 12 Information Information NNP 1880 180 13 Literacy Literacy NNP 1880 180 14 Tutorial Tutorial NNP 1880 180 15 2.0 2.0 CD 1880 180 16 , , , 1880 180 17 ” " '' 1880 180 18 College College NNP 1880 180 19 & & CC 1880 180 20 Research Research NNP 1880 180 21 Libraries Libraries NNPS 1880 180 22 News News NNP 1880 180 23 71 71 CD 1880 180 24 , , , 1880 180 25 no no UH 1880 180 26 . . . 1880 181 1 7 7 LS 1880 181 2 ( ( -LRB- 1880 181 3 July July NNP 1880 181 4 ) ) -RRB- 1880 181 5 : : : 1880 181 6 352–55 352–55 CD 1880 181 7 , , , 1880 181 8 http://crln.acrl.org/content/71/7/352.short http://crln.acrl.org/content/71/7/352.short NN 1880 181 9 16 16 CD 1880 181 10 . . . 1880 182 1 Michael Michael NNP 1880 182 2 L. L. NNP 1880 182 3 Bernard Bernard NNP 1880 182 4 , , , 1880 182 5 “ " `` 1880 182 6 Developing develop VBG 1880 182 7 Schemas Schemas NNP 1880 182 8 for for IN 1880 182 9 the the DT 1880 182 10 Location location NN 1880 182 11 of of IN 1880 182 12 Common Common NNP 1880 182 13 Web Web NNP 1880 182 14 Objects Objects NNPS 1880 182 15 , , , 1880 182 16 ” " '' 1880 182 17 Proceedings proceeding NNS 1880 182 18 of of IN 1880 182 19 the the DT 1880 182 20 Human Human NNP 1880 182 21 Factors Factors NNPS 1880 182 22 and and CC 1880 182 23 Ergonomics Ergonomics NNPS 1880 182 24 Society Society NNP 1880 182 25 Annual Annual NNP 1880 182 26 Meeting Meeting NNP 1880 182 27 45 45 CD 1880 182 28 , , , 1880 182 29 no no UH 1880 182 30 . . . 1880 183 1 15 15 CD 1880 183 2 ( ( -LRB- 1880 183 3 October October NNP 1880 183 4 1 1 CD 1880 183 5 , , , 1880 183 6 2001 2001 CD 1880 183 7 ) ) -RRB- 1880 183 8 : : : 1880 183 9 1162 1162 CD 1880 183 10 , , , 1880 183 11 doi:10.1177/154193120104501502 doi:10.1177/154193120104501502 NNP 1880 183 12 . . . 1880 184 1 17 17 CD 1880 184 2 . . . 1880 185 1 Jean Jean NNP 1880 185 2 A. A. NNP 1880 185 3 Pratt Pratt NNP 1880 185 4 , , , 1880 185 5 Robert Robert NNP 1880 185 6 J. J. NNP 1880 186 1 Mills mill NNS 1880 186 2 , , , 1880 186 3 and and CC 1880 186 4 Yongseog Yongseog NNP 1880 186 5 Kim Kim NNP 1880 186 6 , , , 1880 186 7 “ " `` 1880 186 8 The the DT 1880 186 9 Effects Effects NNPS 1880 186 10 of of IN 1880 186 11 Navigational Navigational NNP 1880 186 12 Orientation Orientation NNP 1880 186 13 and and CC 1880 186 14 User User NNP 1880 186 15 Experience Experience NNP 1880 186 16 on on IN 1880 186 17 User User NNP 1880 186 18 Task Task NNP 1880 186 19 Efficiency Efficiency NNP 1880 186 20 and and CC 1880 186 21 Frustration Frustration NNP 1880 186 22 Levels Levels NNPS 1880 186 23 , , , 1880 186 24 ” " '' 1880 186 25 Journal Journal NNP 1880 186 26 of of IN 1880 186 27 Computer Computer NNP 1880 186 28 Information Information NNP 1880 186 29 Systems Systems NNP 1880 186 30 44 44 CD 1880 186 31 , , , 1880 186 32 no no UH 1880 186 33 . . . 1880 187 1 4 4 CD 1880 187 2 ( ( -LRB- 1880 187 3 2004 2004 CD 1880 187 4 ) ) -RRB- 1880 187 5 : : : 1880 187 6 93–100 93–100 CD 1880 187 7 . . . 1880 188 1 18 18 CD 1880 188 2 . . . 1880 189 1 John John NNP 1880 189 2 D. D. NNP 1880 189 3 McCarthy McCarthy NNP 1880 189 4 , , , 1880 189 5 M. M. NNP 1880 189 6 Angela Angela NNP 1880 189 7 Sasse Sasse NNP 1880 189 8 , , , 1880 189 9 and and CC 1880 189 10 Jens Jens NNP 1880 189 11 Riegelsberger Riegelsberger NNP 1880 189 12 , , , 1880 189 13 “ " `` 1880 189 14 Could Could MD 1880 189 15 I -PRON- PRP 1880 189 16 Have have VB 1880 189 17 the the DT 1880 189 18 Menu Menu NNP 1880 189 19 Please please VB 1880 189 20 ? ? . 1880 190 1 An an DT 1880 190 2 Eye Eye NNP 1880 190 3 Tracking Tracking NNP 1880 190 4 Study Study NNP 1880 190 5 of of IN 1880 190 6 Design Design NNP 1880 190 7 Conventions Conventions NNPS 1880 190 8 , , , 1880 190 9 ” " '' 1880 190 10 People People NNS 1880 190 11 and and CC 1880 190 12 Computers computer NNS 1880 190 13 17 17 CD 1880 190 14 , , , 1880 190 15 no no UH 1880 190 16 . . . 1880 191 1 1 1 CD 1880 191 2 ( ( -LRB- 1880 191 3 2004 2004 CD 1880 191 4 ) ) -RRB- 1880 191 5 : : : 1880 191 6 401–14 401–14 CD 1880 191 7 . . . 1880 192 1 19 19 CD 1880 192 2 . . . 1880 193 1 Scott Scott NNP 1880 193 2 L. L. NNP 1880 193 3 Jones Jones NNP 1880 193 4 , , , 1880 193 5 “ " `` 1880 193 6 Evolution Evolution NNP 1880 193 7 of of IN 1880 193 8 Corporate Corporate NNP 1880 193 9 Homepages Homepages NNPS 1880 193 10 : : : 1880 193 11 1996 1996 CD 1880 193 12 to to IN 1880 193 13 2006 2006 CD 1880 193 14 , , , 1880 193 15 ” " '' 1880 193 16 Journal Journal NNP 1880 193 17 of of IN 1880 193 18 Business Business NNP 1880 193 19 Communication Communication NNP 1880 193 20 44 44 CD 1880 193 21 , , , 1880 193 22 no no UH 1880 193 23 . . . 1880 194 1 3 3 CD 1880 194 2 ( ( -LRB- 1880 194 3 2007 2007 CD 1880 194 4 ) ) -RRB- 1880 194 5 : : : 1880 194 6 236–57 236–57 CD 1880 194 7 , , , 1880 194 8 doi:10.1177/0021943607301348 doi:10.1177/0021943607301348 RB 1880 194 9 . . . 1880 195 1 20 20 CD 1880 195 2 . . . 1880 196 1 Lynne Lynne NNP 1880 196 2 Cooke Cooke NNP 1880 196 3 , , , 1880 196 4 “ " `` 1880 196 5 How how WRB 1880 196 6 Do do VB 1880 196 7 Users user NNS 1880 196 8 Search Search NNP 1880 196 9 Web web NN 1880 196 10 Home home NN 1880 196 11 Pages page NNS 1880 196 12 ? ? . 1880 196 13 ” " '' 1880 196 14 Technical Technical NNP 1880 196 15 Communication Communication NNP 1880 196 16 55 55 CD 1880 196 17 , , , 1880 196 18 no no UH 1880 196 19 . . . 1880 197 1 2 2 CD 1880 197 2 ( ( -LRB- 1880 197 3 2008 2008 CD 1880 197 4 ) ) -RRB- 1880 197 5 : : : 1880 197 6 185 185 CD 1880 197 7 . . . 1880 198 1 21 21 CD 1880 198 2 . . . 1880 199 1 Luke Luke NNP 1880 199 2 Wroblewski Wroblewski NNP 1880 199 3 , , , 1880 199 4 “ " `` 1880 199 5 The the DT 1880 199 6 History history NN 1880 199 7 of of IN 1880 199 8 Amazon Amazon NNP 1880 199 9 ’s ’s POS 1880 199 10 Tab Tab NNP 1880 199 11 Navigation Navigation NNP 1880 199 12 , , , 1880 199 13 ” " '' 1880 199 14 LUKEW LUKEW NNP 1880 199 15 IDEATION ideation NN 1880 199 16 + + CC 1880 199 17 DESIGN design NN 1880 199 18 , , , 1880 199 19 May May NNP 1880 199 20 7 7 CD 1880 199 21 , , , 1880 199 22 2007 2007 CD 1880 199 23 , , , 1880 199 24 http://www.lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?178 http://www.lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?178 NNP 1880 199 25 . . . 1880 200 1 After after IN 1880 200 2 addition addition NN 1880 200 3 of of IN 1880 200 4 numerous numerous JJ 1880 200 5 product product NN 1880 200 6 categories category NNS 1880 200 7 made make VBD 1880 200 8 tabs tab NNS 1880 200 9 impractical impractical JJ 1880 200 10 , , , 1880 200 11 Amazon Amazon NNP 1880 200 12 now now RB 1880 200 13 relies rely VBZ 1880 200 14 on on IN 1880 200 15 a a DT 1880 200 16 left left JJ 1880 200 17 - - HYPH 1880 200 18 side side NN 1880 200 19 navigation navigation NN 1880 200 20 menu menu NN 1880 200 21 . . . 1880 201 1 22 22 CD 1880 201 2 . . . 1880 202 1 A. A. NNP 1880 202 2 Burrell Burrell NNP 1880 202 3 and and CC 1880 202 4 A. A. NNP 1880 202 5 C. C. NNP 1880 202 6 Sodan Sodan NNP 1880 202 7 , , , 1880 202 8 “ " `` 1880 202 9 Web web NN 1880 202 10 Interface Interface NNP 1880 202 11 Navigation Navigation NNP 1880 202 12 Design Design NNP 1880 202 13 : : : 1880 202 14 Which which WDT 1880 202 15 Style Style NNP 1880 202 16 of of IN 1880 202 17 Navigation- Navigation- NNP 1880 202 18 Link Link NNP 1880 202 19 Menus Menus NNP 1880 202 20 Do do VBP 1880 202 21 Users user NNS 1880 202 22 Prefer prefer VB 1880 202 23 ? ? . 1880 202 24 ” " '' 1880 202 25 in in IN 1880 202 26 22nd 22nd JJ 1880 202 27 International International NNP 1880 202 28 Conference Conference NNP 1880 202 29 on on IN 1880 202 30 Data Data NNP 1880 202 31 Engineering Engineering NNP 1880 202 32 Workshops Workshops NNPS 1880 202 33 , , , 1880 202 34 April April NNP 1880 202 35 2006 2006 CD 1880 202 36 . . . 1880 203 1 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 1880 203 2 ( ( -LRB- 1880 203 3 Washington Washington NNP 1880 203 4 , , , 1880 203 5 D.C. D.C. NNP 1880 203 6 : : : 1880 203 7 IEEE IEEE NNP 1880 203 8 Computer Computer NNP 1880 203 9 Society Society NNP 1880 203 10 , , , 1880 203 11 2006 2006 CD 1880 203 12 ) ) -RRB- 1880 203 13 , , , 1880 203 14 42 42 CD 1880 203 15 – – SYM 1880 203 16 42 42 CD 1880 203 17 , , , 1880 203 18 doi:10.1109 doi:10.1109 NNP 1880 203 19 / / SYM 1880 203 20 ICDEW ICDEW NNP 1880 203 21 . . . 1880 204 1 2006.163 2006.163 NNP 1880 204 2 . . . 1880 205 1 23 23 CD 1880 205 2 . . . 1880 206 1 Steve Steve NNP 1880 206 2 Krug Krug NNP 1880 206 3 , , , 1880 206 4 Do do VBP 1880 206 5 n’t not RB 1880 206 6 Make make VB 1880 206 7 Me -PRON- PRP 1880 206 8 Think think VB 1880 206 9 ! ! . 1880 207 1 A a DT 1880 207 2 Common common JJ 1880 207 3 Sense Sense NNP 1880 207 4 Approach Approach NNP 1880 207 5 to to IN 1880 207 6 Web web NN 1880 207 7 Usability Usability NNP 1880 207 8 , , , 1880 207 9 2nd 2nd JJ 1880 207 10 ed ed NN 1880 207 11 . . . 1880 208 1 ( ( -LRB- 1880 208 2 Berkeley Berkeley NNP 1880 208 3 : : : 1880 208 4 New New NNP 1880 208 5 Riders rider NNS 1880 208 6 , , , 1880 208 7 2006 2006 CD 1880 208 8 ) ) -RRB- 1880 208 9 , , , 1880 208 10 79 79 CD 1880 208 11 . . . 1880 209 1 24 24 CD 1880 209 2 . . . 1880 210 1 Ibid Ibid NNP 1880 210 2 . . . 1880 210 3 , , , 1880 210 4 82 82 CD 1880 210 5 . . . 1880 210 6 http://www.census.gov/srd/papers/pdf/ssm2010-02.pdf http://www.census.gov/srd/papers/pdf/ssm2010-02.pdf ADD 1880 210 7 http://hdl.handle.net/1911/19353 http://hdl.handle.net/1911/19353 PRP$ 1880 210 8 http://crln.acrl.org/content/71/7/352.short http://crln.acrl.org/content/71/7/352.short NN 1880 210 9 http://www.lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?178 http://www.lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?178 NN 1880 210 10 INFORMATION information NN 1880 210 11 TECHNOLOGY technology NN 1880 210 12 AND and CC 1880 210 13 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 1880 210 14 | | JJ 1880 210 15 SE SE NNP 1880 210 16 PTEMBER PTEMBER NNP 1880 210 17 2012 2012 CD 1880 210 18 64 64 CD 1880 210 19 25 25 CD 1880 210 20 . . . 1880 211 1 U.S. U.S. NNP 1880 211 2 Department Department NNP 1880 211 3 of of IN 1880 211 4 Health Health NNP 1880 211 5 and and CC 1880 211 6 Human Human NNP 1880 211 7 Services Services NNPS 1880 211 8 , , , 1880 211 9 “ " `` 1880 211 10 Navigation Navigation NNP 1880 211 11 , , , 1880 211 12 ” " '' 1880 211 13 in in IN 1880 211 14 Research Research NNP 1880 211 15 - - HYPH 1880 211 16 Based base VBN 1880 211 17 Web Web NNP 1880 211 18 Design Design NNP 1880 211 19 & & CC 1880 211 20 Usability Usability NNP 1880 211 21 Guidelines Guidelines NNPS 1880 211 22 ( ( -LRB- 1880 211 23 Washington Washington NNP 1880 211 24 , , , 1880 211 25 DC DC NNP 1880 211 26 : : : 1880 211 27 U.S. U.S. NNP 1880 211 28 Department Department NNP 1880 211 29 of of IN 1880 211 30 Health Health NNP 1880 211 31 and and CC 1880 211 32 Human Human NNP 1880 211 33 Services Services NNPS 1880 211 34 , , , 1880 211 35 2006 2006 CD 1880 211 36 ) ) -RRB- 1880 211 37 , , , 1880 211 38 8 8 CD 1880 211 39 , , , 1880 211 40 http://www.usability.gov/pdfs/chapter7.pdf http://www.usability.gov/pdfs/chapter7.pdf NNP 1880 211 41 . . . 1880 212 1 26 26 CD 1880 212 2 . . . 1880 213 1 Jakob Jakob NNP 1880 213 2 Nielsen Nielsen NNP 1880 213 3 , , , 1880 213 4 “ " `` 1880 213 5 Tabs tab NNS 1880 213 6 , , , 1880 213 7 Used Used NNP 1880 213 8 Right Right NNP 1880 213 9 , , , 1880 213 10 ” " '' 1880 213 11 Jakob Jakob NNP 1880 213 12 Nielsen Nielsen NNP 1880 213 13 ’s ’s POS 1880 213 14 Alertbox Alertbox NNP 1880 213 15 , , , 1880 213 16 http://www.useit.com/alertbox/tabs.html http://www.useit.com/alertbox/tabs.html NNP 1880 213 17 . . . 1880 214 1 27 27 CD 1880 214 2 . . . 1880 215 1 Matt Matt NNP 1880 215 2 Cronin Cronin NNP 1880 215 3 , , , 1880 215 4 “ " `` 1880 215 5 Showcase showcase NN 1880 215 6 of of IN 1880 215 7 Well well RB 1880 215 8 - - HYPH 1880 215 9 Designed design VBN 1880 215 10 Tabbed Tabbed NNP 1880 215 11 Navigation Navigation NNP 1880 215 12 , , , 1880 215 13 ” " '' 1880 215 14 Smashing Smashing NNP 1880 215 15 Magazine Magazine NNP 1880 215 16 , , , 1880 215 17 April April NNP 1880 215 18 6 6 CD 1880 215 19 , , , 1880 215 20 2009 2009 CD 1880 215 21 , , , 1880 215 22 http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/04/06/showcase-of-well-designed- http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/04/06/showcase-of-well-designed- XX 1880 215 23 tabbed tab VBN 1880 215 24 - - HYPH 1880 215 25 navigation navigation NN 1880 215 26 . . . 1880 216 1 28 28 CD 1880 216 2 . . . 1880 217 1 Alex Alex NNP 1880 217 2 Christie Christie NNP 1880 217 3 , , , 1880 217 4 “ " `` 1880 217 5 Usability usability JJ 1880 217 6 Best good JJS 1880 217 7 Practice practice NN 1880 217 8 , , , 1880 217 9 Part Part NNP 1880 217 10 1—Tab 1—tab CD 1880 217 11 Navigation Navigation NNP 1880 217 12 , , , 1880 217 13 ” " '' 1880 217 14 Tamar Tamar NNP 1880 217 15 , , , 1880 217 16 January January NNP 1880 217 17 13 13 CD 1880 217 18 , , , 1880 217 19 2010 2010 CD 1880 217 20 , , , 1880 217 21 http://blog.tamar.com/2010/01/usability-best-practice-part-1-tab-navigation http://blog.tamar.com/2010/01/usability-best-practice-part-1-tab-navigation NN 1880 217 22 . . . 1880 218 1 29 29 CD 1880 218 2 . . . 1880 219 1 McCarthy McCarthy NNP 1880 219 2 , , , 1880 219 3 Sasse Sasse NNP 1880 219 4 , , , 1880 219 5 and and CC 1880 219 6 Riegelsberger Riegelsberger NNP 1880 219 7 , , , 1880 219 8 “ " `` 1880 219 9 Could Could MD 1880 219 10 I -PRON- PRP 1880 219 11 have have VB 1880 219 12 the the DT 1880 219 13 Menu Menu NNP 1880 219 14 please please VB 1880 219 15 ? ? . 1880 219 16 ” " '' 1880 219 17 30 30 CD 1880 219 18 . . . 1880 220 1 Jennifer Jennifer NNP 1880 220 2 J. J. NNP 1880 221 1 Little little JJ 1880 221 2 , , , 1880 221 3 “ " `` 1880 221 4 Cognitive Cognitive NNP 1880 221 5 Load Load NNP 1880 221 6 Theory Theory NNP 1880 221 7 and and CC 1880 221 8 Library Library NNP 1880 221 9 Research Research NNP 1880 221 10 Guides Guides NNPS 1880 221 11 , , , 1880 221 12 ” " '' 1880 221 13 Internet Internet NNP 1880 221 14 Reference Reference NNP 1880 221 15 Services Services NNP 1880 221 16 Quarterly Quarterly NNP 1880 221 17 15 15 CD 1880 221 18 , , , 1880 221 19 no no UH 1880 221 20 . . . 1880 222 1 1 1 CD 1880 222 2 ( ( -LRB- 1880 222 3 2010 2010 CD 1880 222 4 ) ) -RRB- 1880 222 5 : : : 1880 222 6 52–63 52–63 CD 1880 222 7 , , , 1880 222 8 doi:10.1080/10875300903530199 doi:10.1080/10875300903530199 NN 1880 222 9 . . . 1880 223 1 31 31 CD 1880 223 2 . . . 1880 224 1 Hungerford Hungerford NNP 1880 224 2 et et NNP 1880 224 3 al al NNP 1880 224 4 . . NNP 1880 224 5 , , , 1880 224 6 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 224 7 Usability Usability NNP 1880 224 8 Testing testing NN 1880 224 9 . . . 1880 225 1 32 32 CD 1880 225 2 . . . 1880 226 1 Christie Christie NNP 1880 226 2 , , , 1880 226 3 “ " `` 1880 226 4 Usability usability JJ 1880 226 5 Best good JJS 1880 226 6 Practice practice NN 1880 226 7 ” " '' 1880 226 8 ; ; : 1880 226 9 Nielsen Nielsen NNP 1880 226 10 , , , 1880 226 11 “ " `` 1880 226 12 Tabs tab NNS 1880 226 13 , , , 1880 226 14 Used Used NNP 1880 226 15 Right Right NNP 1880 226 16 ” " '' 1880 226 17 ; ; : 1880 226 18 Krug Krug NNP 1880 226 19 , , , 1880 226 20 Do do VBP 1880 226 21 n’t not RB 1880 226 22 Make make VB 1880 226 23 Me -PRON- PRP 1880 226 24 Think think VB 1880 226 25 ; ; : 1880 226 26 Cronin Cronin NNP 1880 226 27 , , , 1880 226 28 “ " `` 1880 226 29 Showcase showcase NN 1880 226 30 of of IN 1880 226 31 Well well RB 1880 226 32 - - HYPH 1880 226 33 designed design VBN 1880 226 34 Tabbed Tabbed NNP 1880 226 35 Navigation Navigation NNP 1880 226 36 . . . 1880 226 37 ” " '' 1880 226 38 33 33 CD 1880 226 39 . . . 1880 227 1 Christie Christie NNP 1880 227 2 , , , 1880 227 3 “ " `` 1880 227 4 Usability usability JJ 1880 227 5 Best good JJS 1880 227 6 Practice practice NN 1880 227 7 ” " '' 1880 227 8 ; ; : 1880 227 9 Nielsen Nielsen NNP 1880 227 10 . . . 1880 228 1 “ " `` 1880 228 2 Tabs tab NNS 1880 228 3 , , , 1880 228 4 Used Used NNP 1880 228 5 Right right UH 1880 228 6 . . . 1880 228 7 ” " '' 1880 228 8 34 34 CD 1880 228 9 . . . 1880 229 1 Eva Eva NNP 1880 229 2 D. D. NNP 1880 229 3 Vaughan Vaughan NNP 1880 229 4 , , , 1880 229 5 Statistics Statistics NNPS 1880 229 6 : : : 1880 229 7 Tools tool NNS 1880 229 8 for for IN 1880 229 9 Understanding Understanding NNP 1880 229 10 Data Data NNPS 1880 229 11 in in IN 1880 229 12 the the DT 1880 229 13 Behavioral Behavioral NNP 1880 229 14 Sciences Sciences NNPS 1880 229 15 ( ( -LRB- 1880 229 16 Upper Upper NNP 1880 229 17 Saddle Saddle NNP 1880 229 18 River River NNP 1880 229 19 , , , 1880 229 20 NJ NJ NNP 1880 229 21 : : : 1880 229 22 Prentice Prentice NNP 1880 229 23 Hall Hall NNP 1880 229 24 , , , 1880 229 25 1998 1998 CD 1880 229 26 ) ) -RRB- 1880 229 27 , , , 1880 229 28 66 66 CD 1880 229 29 . . . 1880 230 1 35 35 CD 1880 230 2 . . . 1880 231 1 McCarthy McCarthy NNP 1880 231 2 , , , 1880 231 3 Sasse Sasse NNP 1880 231 4 , , , 1880 231 5 and and CC 1880 231 6 Riegelsberger Riegelsberger NNP 1880 231 7 , , , 1880 231 8 “ " `` 1880 231 9 Could Could MD 1880 231 10 I -PRON- PRP 1880 231 11 Have have VB 1880 231 12 the the DT 1880 231 13 Menu Menu NNP 1880 231 14 Please please VB 1880 231 15 ? ? . 1880 231 16 ” " '' 1880 231 17 36 36 CD 1880 231 18 . . . 1880 232 1 Springshare Springshare NNP 1880 232 2 , , , 1880 232 3 the the DT 1880 232 4 LibGuides LibGuides NNP 1880 232 5 vendor vendor NN 1880 232 6 , , , 1880 232 7 has have VBZ 1880 232 8 been be VBN 1880 232 9 amenable amenable JJ 1880 232 10 to to IN 1880 232 11 customer customer NN 1880 232 12 feedback feedback NN 1880 232 13 and and CC 1880 232 14 open open JJ 1880 232 15 to to IN 1880 232 16 suggestions suggestion NNS 1880 232 17 for for IN 1880 232 18 platform platform NN 1880 232 19 improvements improvement NNS 1880 232 20 . . . 1880 233 1 http://www.usability.gov/pdfs/chapter7.pdf http://www.usability.gov/pdfs/chapter7.pdf NN 1880 233 2 http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/04/06/showcase-of-well-designed-tabbed-navigation http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/04/06/showcase-of-well-designed-tabbed-navigation NN 1880 233 3 http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/04/06/showcase-of-well-designed-tabbed-navigation http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/04/06/showcase-of-well-designed-tabbed-navigation NN 1880 233 4 http://blog.tamar.com/2010/01/usability-best-practice-part-1-tab-navigation http://blog.tamar.com/2010/01/usability-best-practice-part-1-tab-navigation NN