id sid tid token lemma pos 1844 1 1 A a DT 1844 1 2 File File NNP 1844 1 3 Storage Storage NNP 1844 1 4 Service Service NNP 1844 1 5 on on IN 1844 1 6 a a DT 1844 1 7 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 1 8 Computing Computing NNP 1844 1 9 Environment Environment NNP 1844 1 10 for for IN 1844 1 11 Digital Digital NNP 1844 1 12 Libraries Libraries NNPS 1844 1 13 Victor Victor NNP 1844 1 14 Jesús Jesús NNP 1844 1 15 Sosa Sosa NNP 1844 1 16 - - HYPH 1844 1 17 Sosa Sosa NNP 1844 1 18 and and CC 1844 1 19 Emigdio Emigdio NNP 1844 1 20 M. M. NNP 1844 1 21 Hernandez Hernandez NNP 1844 1 22 - - HYPH 1844 1 23 Ramirez Ramirez NNP 1844 1 24 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 1844 1 25 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 1844 1 26 AND and CC 1844 1 27 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 1844 1 28 | | NNP 1844 1 29 DECEMBER DECEMBER NNP 1844 1 30 2012 2012 CD 1844 1 31 34 34 CD 1844 1 32 ABSTRACT ABSTRACT NNP 1844 1 33 The the DT 1844 1 34 growing grow VBG 1844 1 35 need need NN 1844 1 36 for for IN 1844 1 37 digital digital JJ 1844 1 38 libraries library NNS 1844 1 39 to to TO 1844 1 40 manage manage VB 1844 1 41 large large JJ 1844 1 42 amounts amount NNS 1844 1 43 of of IN 1844 1 44 data datum NNS 1844 1 45 requires require VBZ 1844 1 46 storage storage NN 1844 1 47 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 1 48 that that WDT 1844 1 49 libraries library NNS 1844 1 50 can can MD 1844 1 51 deploy deploy VB 1844 1 52 quickly quickly RB 1844 1 53 and and CC 1844 1 54 economically economically RB 1844 1 55 . . . 1844 2 1 Cloud cloud JJ 1844 2 2 computing computing NN 1844 2 3 is be VBZ 1844 2 4 a a DT 1844 2 5 new new JJ 1844 2 6 model model NN 1844 2 7 that that WDT 1844 2 8 allows allow VBZ 1844 2 9 the the DT 1844 2 10 provision provision NN 1844 2 11 of of IN 1844 2 12 information information NN 1844 2 13 technology technology NN 1844 2 14 ( ( -LRB- 1844 2 15 IT it NN 1844 2 16 ) ) -RRB- 1844 2 17 resources resource NNS 1844 2 18 on on IN 1844 2 19 demand demand NN 1844 2 20 , , , 1844 2 21 lowering lower VBG 1844 2 22 management management NN 1844 2 23 complexity complexity NN 1844 2 24 . . . 1844 3 1 This this DT 1844 3 2 paper paper NN 1844 3 3 introduces introduce VBZ 1844 3 4 a a DT 1844 3 5 file file NN 1844 3 6 - - HYPH 1844 3 7 storage storage NN 1844 3 8 service service NN 1844 3 9 that that WDT 1844 3 10 is be VBZ 1844 3 11 implemented implement VBN 1844 3 12 on on IN 1844 3 13 a a DT 1844 3 14 private private JJ 1844 3 15 / / SYM 1844 3 16 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 3 17 cloud cloud NN 1844 3 18 - - HYPH 1844 3 19 computing computing NN 1844 3 20 environment environment NN 1844 3 21 and and CC 1844 3 22 is be VBZ 1844 3 23 based base VBN 1844 3 24 on on IN 1844 3 25 open open JJ 1844 3 26 - - HYPH 1844 3 27 source source NN 1844 3 28 software software NN 1844 3 29 . . . 1844 4 1 The the DT 1844 4 2 authors author NNS 1844 4 3 evaluated evaluate VBD 1844 4 4 performance performance NN 1844 4 5 and and CC 1844 4 6 resource resource NN 1844 4 7 consumption consumption NN 1844 4 8 using use VBG 1844 4 9 several several JJ 1844 4 10 levels level NNS 1844 4 11 of of IN 1844 4 12 data datum NNS 1844 4 13 availability availability NN 1844 4 14 and and CC 1844 4 15 fault fault NN 1844 4 16 tolerance tolerance NN 1844 4 17 . . . 1844 5 1 This this DT 1844 5 2 service service NN 1844 5 3 can can MD 1844 5 4 be be VB 1844 5 5 taken take VBN 1844 5 6 as as IN 1844 5 7 a a DT 1844 5 8 reference reference NN 1844 5 9 guide guide NN 1844 5 10 for for IN 1844 5 11 IT IT NNP 1844 5 12 staff staff NN 1844 5 13 wanting want VBG 1844 5 14 to to TO 1844 5 15 build build VB 1844 5 16 a a DT 1844 5 17 modest modest JJ 1844 5 18 cloud cloud NN 1844 5 19 storage storage NN 1844 5 20 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 5 21 . . . 1844 6 1 INTRODUCTION introduction VB 1844 6 2 The the DT 1844 6 3 information information NN 1844 6 4 technology technology NN 1844 6 5 ( ( -LRB- 1844 6 6 IT it NN 1844 6 7 ) ) -RRB- 1844 6 8 revolution revolution NN 1844 6 9 has have VBZ 1844 6 10 led lead VBN 1844 6 11 to to IN 1844 6 12 the the DT 1844 6 13 digitization digitization NN 1844 6 14 of of IN 1844 6 15 every every DT 1844 6 16 kind kind NN 1844 6 17 of of IN 1844 6 18 information.1 information.1 CD 1844 6 19 Digital digital JJ 1844 6 20 libraries library NNS 1844 6 21 are be VBP 1844 6 22 appearing appear VBG 1844 6 23 as as IN 1844 6 24 one one CD 1844 6 25 more more JJR 1844 6 26 step step NN 1844 6 27 toward toward IN 1844 6 28 easy easy JJ 1844 6 29 access access NN 1844 6 30 to to IN 1844 6 31 information information NN 1844 6 32 spread spread VBD 1844 6 33 throughout throughout IN 1844 6 34 a a DT 1844 6 35 variety variety NN 1844 6 36 of of IN 1844 6 37 media medium NNS 1844 6 38 . . . 1844 7 1 The the DT 1844 7 2 digital digital JJ 1844 7 3 storage storage NN 1844 7 4 of of IN 1844 7 5 data datum NNS 1844 7 6 facilitates facilitate VBZ 1844 7 7 information information NN 1844 7 8 retrieval retrieval NN 1844 7 9 , , , 1844 7 10 allowing allow VBG 1844 7 11 a a DT 1844 7 12 new new JJ 1844 7 13 wave wave NN 1844 7 14 of of IN 1844 7 15 services service NNS 1844 7 16 and and CC 1844 7 17 web web NN 1844 7 18 applications application NNS 1844 7 19 that that WDT 1844 7 20 take take VBP 1844 7 21 advantage advantage NN 1844 7 22 of of IN 1844 7 23 the the DT 1844 7 24 huge huge JJ 1844 7 25 amount amount NN 1844 7 26 of of IN 1844 7 27 data datum NNS 1844 7 28 available.2 available.2 CD 1844 7 29 The the DT 1844 7 30 challenges challenge NNS 1844 7 31 of of IN 1844 7 32 preserving preserve VBG 1844 7 33 and and CC 1844 7 34 sharing share VBG 1844 7 35 data datum NNS 1844 7 36 stored store VBN 1844 7 37 on on IN 1844 7 38 digital digital JJ 1844 7 39 media medium NNS 1844 7 40 are be VBP 1844 7 41 significant significant JJ 1844 7 42 compared compare VBN 1844 7 43 to to IN 1844 7 44 the the DT 1844 7 45 print print NN 1844 7 46 world world NN 1844 7 47 , , , 1844 7 48 in in IN 1844 7 49 which which WDT 1844 7 50 data datum NNS 1844 7 51 “ " `` 1844 7 52 stored store VBD 1844 7 53 ” " '' 1844 7 54 on on IN 1844 7 55 paper paper NN 1844 7 56 can can MD 1844 7 57 still still RB 1844 7 58 be be VB 1844 7 59 read read VBN 1844 7 60 centuries century NNS 1844 7 61 or or CC 1844 7 62 millennia millennia NN 1844 7 63 later later RB 1844 7 64 . . . 1844 8 1 In in IN 1844 8 2 contrast contrast NN 1844 8 3 , , , 1844 8 4 only only RB 1844 8 5 ten ten CD 1844 8 6 years year NNS 1844 8 7 ago ago RB 1844 8 8 , , , 1844 8 9 floppy floppy JJ 1844 8 10 disks disk NNS 1844 8 11 were be VBD 1844 8 12 a a DT 1844 8 13 major major JJ 1844 8 14 storage storage NN 1844 8 15 medium medium NN 1844 8 16 for for IN 1844 8 17 digital digital JJ 1844 8 18 data datum NNS 1844 8 19 , , , 1844 8 20 but but CC 1844 8 21 now now RB 1844 8 22 the the DT 1844 8 23 vast vast JJ 1844 8 24 majority majority NN 1844 8 25 of of IN 1844 8 26 computers computer NNS 1844 8 27 no no RB 1844 8 28 longer longer RB 1844 8 29 support support VBP 1844 8 30 this this DT 1844 8 31 type type NN 1844 8 32 of of IN 1844 8 33 device device NN 1844 8 34 . . . 1844 9 1 In in IN 1844 9 2 today today NN 1844 9 3 ’s ’s POS 1844 9 4 environment environment NN 1844 9 5 , , , 1844 9 6 selecting select VBG 1844 9 7 a a DT 1844 9 8 good good JJ 1844 9 9 data data NN 1844 9 10 repository repository NN 1844 9 11 is be VBZ 1844 9 12 important important JJ 1844 9 13 to to TO 1844 9 14 ensure ensure VB 1844 9 15 that that IN 1844 9 16 data datum NNS 1844 9 17 are be VBP 1844 9 18 preserved preserve VBN 1844 9 19 and and CC 1844 9 20 accessible accessible JJ 1844 9 21 . . . 1844 10 1 Likewise likewise RB 1844 10 2 , , , 1844 10 3 defining define VBG 1844 10 4 the the DT 1844 10 5 storage storage NN 1844 10 6 requirements requirement NNS 1844 10 7 for for IN 1844 10 8 digital digital JJ 1844 10 9 libraries library NNS 1844 10 10 has have VBZ 1844 10 11 become become VBN 1844 10 12 a a DT 1844 10 13 big big JJ 1844 10 14 challenge challenge NN 1844 10 15 . . . 1844 11 1 In in IN 1844 11 2 this this DT 1844 11 3 context context NN 1844 11 4 , , , 1844 11 5 IT IT NNP 1844 11 6 staff staff NN 1844 11 7 — — : 1844 11 8 those those DT 1844 11 9 responsible responsible JJ 1844 11 10 for for IN 1844 11 11 predicting predict VBG 1844 11 12 what what WDT 1844 11 13 storage storage NN 1844 11 14 resources resource NNS 1844 11 15 will will MD 1844 11 16 be be VB 1844 11 17 needed need VBN 1844 11 18 in in IN 1844 11 19 the the DT 1844 11 20 medium medium JJ 1844 11 21 term term NN 1844 11 22 — — : 1844 11 23 often often RB 1844 11 24 face face VBP 1844 11 25 the the DT 1844 11 26 following follow VBG 1844 11 27 scenarios scenario NNS 1844 11 28 : : : 1844 11 29 • • NNP 1844 11 30 Prediction prediction NN 1844 11 31 of of IN 1844 11 32 storage storage NN 1844 11 33 requirements requirement NNS 1844 11 34 turn turn VBP 1844 11 35 out out RP 1844 11 36 to to TO 1844 11 37 be be VB 1844 11 38 below below IN 1844 11 39 real real JJ 1844 11 40 needs need NNS 1844 11 41 , , , 1844 11 42 resulting result VBG 1844 11 43 in in IN 1844 11 44 resource resource NN 1844 11 45 deficits deficit NNS 1844 11 46 . . . 1844 12 1 • • NNP 1844 12 2 Prediction prediction NN 1844 12 3 of of IN 1844 12 4 storage storage NN 1844 12 5 requirements requirement NNS 1844 12 6 turn turn VBP 1844 12 7 out out RP 1844 12 8 to to TO 1844 12 9 be be VB 1844 12 10 above above IN 1844 12 11 real real JJ 1844 12 12 needs need NNS 1844 12 13 , , , 1844 12 14 resulting result VBG 1844 12 15 in in IN 1844 12 16 expenditure expenditure NN 1844 12 17 and and CC 1844 12 18 administration administration NN 1844 12 19 overhead overhead NN 1844 12 20 for for IN 1844 12 21 resources resource NNS 1844 12 22 that that WDT 1844 12 23 end end VBP 1844 12 24 up up RP 1844 12 25 not not RB 1844 12 26 being be VBG 1844 12 27 used use VBN 1844 12 28 . . . 1844 13 1 In in IN 1844 13 2 these these DT 1844 13 3 situations situation NNS 1844 13 4 , , , 1844 13 5 considering consider VBG 1844 13 6 only only RB 1844 13 7 an an DT 1844 13 8 efficient efficient JJ 1844 13 9 strategy strategy NN 1844 13 10 to to TO 1844 13 11 store store VB 1844 13 12 documents document NNS 1844 13 13 is be VBZ 1844 13 14 not not RB 1844 13 15 enough.3 enough.3 CD 1844 13 16 The the DT 1844 13 17 acquisition acquisition NN 1844 13 18 of of IN 1844 13 19 storage storage NN 1844 13 20 services service NNS 1844 13 21 that that WDT 1844 13 22 implement implement VBP 1844 13 23 an an DT 1844 13 24 elastic elastic JJ 1844 13 25 concept concept NN 1844 13 26 ( ( -LRB- 1844 13 27 i.e. i.e. FW 1844 13 28 , , , 1844 13 29 storage storage NN 1844 13 30 capacity capacity NN 1844 13 31 that that WDT 1844 13 32 can can MD 1844 13 33 be be VB 1844 13 34 Victor Victor NNP 1844 13 35 Jesús Jesús NNP 1844 13 36 Sosa Sosa NNP 1844 13 37 - - HYPH 1844 13 38 Sosa Sosa NNP 1844 13 39 ( ( -LRB- 1844 13 40 vjsosa@tamps.cinvestav.mx vjsosa@tamps.cinvestav.mx NNP 1844 13 41 ) ) -RRB- 1844 13 42 is be VBZ 1844 13 43 Professor Professor NNP 1844 13 44 and and CC 1844 13 45 Researcher Researcher NNP 1844 13 46 at at IN 1844 13 47 the the DT 1844 13 48 Information Information NNP 1844 13 49 Technology Technology NNP 1844 13 50 Laboratory Laboratory NNP 1844 13 51 at at IN 1844 13 52 CINVESTAV CINVESTAV NNP 1844 13 53 , , , 1844 13 54 Campus Campus NNP 1844 13 55 Tamaulipas Tamaulipas NNP 1844 13 56 , , , 1844 13 57 Mexico Mexico NNP 1844 13 58 . . . 1844 14 1 Emigdio Emigdio NNP 1844 14 2 M. M. NNP 1844 14 3 Hernandez Hernandez NNP 1844 14 4 - - HYPH 1844 14 5 Ramirez Ramirez NNP 1844 14 6 ( ( -LRB- 1844 14 7 emhr1983@gmail.com emhr1983@gmail.com NNP 1844 14 8 ) ) -RRB- 1844 14 9 is be VBZ 1844 14 10 Software Software NNP 1844 14 11 Developer Developer NNP 1844 14 12 , , , 1844 14 13 SVAM SVAM NNP 1844 14 14 International International NNP 1844 14 15 , , , 1844 14 16 Ciudad Ciudad NNP 1844 14 17 Victoria Victoria NNP 1844 14 18 , , , 1844 14 19 Mexico Mexico NNP 1844 14 20 . . . 1844 15 1 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 1844 15 2 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 1844 15 3 AND and CC 1844 15 4 LIBRARIES library NNS 1844 15 5 | | NNP 1844 15 6 DECEMBER DECEMBER NNP 1844 15 7 2012 2012 CD 1844 15 8 35 35 CD 1844 15 9 increased increase VBD 1844 15 10 or or CC 1844 15 11 reduced reduce VBN 1844 15 12 on on IN 1844 15 13 demand demand NN 1844 15 14 , , , 1844 15 15 with with IN 1844 15 16 a a DT 1844 15 17 cost cost NN 1844 15 18 of of IN 1844 15 19 acquisition acquisition NN 1844 15 20 and and CC 1844 15 21 management management NN 1844 15 22 relatively relatively RB 1844 15 23 low low JJ 1844 15 24 ) ) -RRB- 1844 15 25 becomes become VBZ 1844 15 26 attractive attractive JJ 1844 15 27 . . . 1844 16 1 Cloud cloud JJ 1844 16 2 computing computing NN 1844 16 3 is be VBZ 1844 16 4 a a DT 1844 16 5 current current JJ 1844 16 6 trend trend NN 1844 16 7 that that WDT 1844 16 8 considers consider VBZ 1844 16 9 the the DT 1844 16 10 Internet internet NN 1844 16 11 as as IN 1844 16 12 a a DT 1844 16 13 platform platform NN 1844 16 14 providing provide VBG 1844 16 15 on on IN 1844 16 16 - - HYPH 1844 16 17 demand demand NN 1844 16 18 computing computing NN 1844 16 19 and and CC 1844 16 20 software software NN 1844 16 21 as as IN 1844 16 22 a a DT 1844 16 23 service service NN 1844 16 24 to to IN 1844 16 25 anyone anyone NN 1844 16 26 , , , 1844 16 27 anywhere anywhere RB 1844 16 28 , , , 1844 16 29 and and CC 1844 16 30 at at IN 1844 16 31 any any DT 1844 16 32 time time NN 1844 16 33 . . . 1844 17 1 Digital digital JJ 1844 17 2 libraries library NNS 1844 17 3 naturally naturally RB 1844 17 4 should should MD 1844 17 5 be be VB 1844 17 6 connected connect VBN 1844 17 7 to to IN 1844 17 8 cloud cloud NN 1844 17 9 computing compute VBG 1844 17 10 to to TO 1844 17 11 obtain obtain VB 1844 17 12 mutual mutual JJ 1844 17 13 benefits benefit NNS 1844 17 14 and and CC 1844 17 15 enhance enhance VB 1844 17 16 both both DT 1844 17 17 perspectives.4 perspectives.4 CC 1844 17 18 In in IN 1844 17 19 this this DT 1844 17 20 model model NN 1844 17 21 , , , 1844 17 22 storage storage NN 1844 17 23 resources resource NNS 1844 17 24 are be VBP 1844 17 25 provisioned provision VBN 1844 17 26 on on IN 1844 17 27 demand demand NN 1844 17 28 and and CC 1844 17 29 are be VBP 1844 17 30 paid pay VBN 1844 17 31 according accord VBG 1844 17 32 to to IN 1844 17 33 consumption consumption NN 1844 17 34 . . . 1844 18 1 Services service NNS 1844 18 2 deployment deployment NN 1844 18 3 in in IN 1844 18 4 a a DT 1844 18 5 cloud cloud NN 1844 18 6 - - HYPH 1844 18 7 computing computing NN 1844 18 8 environment environment NN 1844 18 9 can can MD 1844 18 10 be be VB 1844 18 11 implemented implement VBN 1844 18 12 three three CD 1844 18 13 ways way NNS 1844 18 14 : : : 1844 18 15 private private JJ 1844 18 16 , , , 1844 18 17 public public JJ 1844 18 18 , , , 1844 18 19 or or CC 1844 18 20 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 18 21 . . . 1844 19 1 In in IN 1844 19 2 the the DT 1844 19 3 private private JJ 1844 19 4 option option NN 1844 19 5 , , , 1844 19 6 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 19 7 is be VBZ 1844 19 8 operated operate VBN 1844 19 9 solely solely RB 1844 19 10 for for IN 1844 19 11 a a DT 1844 19 12 single single JJ 1844 19 13 organization organization NN 1844 19 14 ; ; : 1844 19 15 most most JJS 1844 19 16 of of IN 1844 19 17 the the DT 1844 19 18 time time NN 1844 19 19 , , , 1844 19 20 it -PRON- PRP 1844 19 21 requires require VBZ 1844 19 22 an an DT 1844 19 23 initial initial JJ 1844 19 24 strong strong JJ 1844 19 25 investment investment NN 1844 19 26 because because IN 1844 19 27 the the DT 1844 19 28 organization organization NN 1844 19 29 must must MD 1844 19 30 purchase purchase VB 1844 19 31 a a DT 1844 19 32 large large JJ 1844 19 33 amount amount NN 1844 19 34 of of IN 1844 19 35 storage storage NN 1844 19 36 resources resource NNS 1844 19 37 and and CC 1844 19 38 pay pay VB 1844 19 39 for for IN 1844 19 40 the the DT 1844 19 41 administration administration NN 1844 19 42 costs cost NNS 1844 19 43 . . . 1844 20 1 The the DT 1844 20 2 public public JJ 1844 20 3 cloud cloud NN 1844 20 4 is be VBZ 1844 20 5 the the DT 1844 20 6 most most RBS 1844 20 7 traditional traditional JJ 1844 20 8 version version NN 1844 20 9 of of IN 1844 20 10 cloud cloud NN 1844 20 11 computing computing NN 1844 20 12 . . . 1844 21 1 In in IN 1844 21 2 this this DT 1844 21 3 model model NN 1844 21 4 , , , 1844 21 5 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 21 6 belongs belong VBZ 1844 21 7 to to IN 1844 21 8 an an DT 1844 21 9 external external JJ 1844 21 10 organization organization NN 1844 21 11 where where WRB 1844 21 12 costs cost NNS 1844 21 13 are be VBP 1844 21 14 a a DT 1844 21 15 function function NN 1844 21 16 of of IN 1844 21 17 the the DT 1844 21 18 resources resource NNS 1844 21 19 used use VBN 1844 21 20 . . . 1844 22 1 These these DT 1844 22 2 costs cost NNS 1844 22 3 include include VBP 1844 22 4 administration administration NN 1844 22 5 . . . 1844 23 1 Finally finally RB 1844 23 2 , , , 1844 23 3 the the DT 1844 23 4 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 23 5 model model NN 1844 23 6 contains contain VBZ 1844 23 7 a a DT 1844 23 8 mixture mixture NN 1844 23 9 of of IN 1844 23 10 private private JJ 1844 23 11 and and CC 1844 23 12 public public JJ 1844 23 13 . . . 1844 24 1 A a DT 1844 24 2 cloud cloud NN 1844 24 3 - - HYPH 1844 24 4 computing computing NN 1844 24 5 environment environment NN 1844 24 6 is be VBZ 1844 24 7 mainly mainly RB 1844 24 8 supported support VBN 1844 24 9 by by IN 1844 24 10 technologies technology NNS 1844 24 11 such such JJ 1844 24 12 as as IN 1844 24 13 virtualization virtualization NN 1844 24 14 and and CC 1844 24 15 service service NN 1844 24 16 - - HYPH 1844 24 17 oriented orient VBN 1844 24 18 architectures architecture NNS 1844 24 19 . . . 1844 25 1 A a DT 1844 25 2 cloud cloud NN 1844 25 3 environment environment NN 1844 25 4 provides provide VBZ 1844 25 5 omnipresence omnipresence NN 1844 25 6 and and CC 1844 25 7 facilitates facilitate VBZ 1844 25 8 deployment deployment NN 1844 25 9 of of IN 1844 25 10 file file NN 1844 25 11 - - HYPH 1844 25 12 storage storage NN 1844 25 13 services service NNS 1844 25 14 . . . 1844 26 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 26 2 means mean VBZ 1844 26 3 that that IN 1844 26 4 users user NNS 1844 26 5 can can MD 1844 26 6 access access VB 1844 26 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 1844 26 8 files file NNS 1844 26 9 via via IN 1844 26 10 the the DT 1844 26 11 Internet internet NN 1844 26 12 from from IN 1844 26 13 anywhere anywhere RB 1844 26 14 and and CC 1844 26 15 without without IN 1844 26 16 requiring require VBG 1844 26 17 the the DT 1844 26 18 installation installation NN 1844 26 19 of of IN 1844 26 20 a a DT 1844 26 21 special special JJ 1844 26 22 application application NN 1844 26 23 . . . 1844 27 1 The the DT 1844 27 2 user user NN 1844 27 3 only only RB 1844 27 4 needs need VBZ 1844 27 5 a a DT 1844 27 6 web web NN 1844 27 7 browser browser NN 1844 27 8 . . . 1844 28 1 Data datum NNS 1844 28 2 availability availability NN 1844 28 3 , , , 1844 28 4 scalability scalability NN 1844 28 5 , , , 1844 28 6 elastic elastic JJ 1844 28 7 service service NN 1844 28 8 , , , 1844 28 9 and and CC 1844 28 10 pay pay VB 1844 28 11 - - HYPH 1844 28 12 per per IN 1844 28 13 - - HYPH 1844 28 14 use use NN 1844 28 15 are be VBP 1844 28 16 attractive attractive JJ 1844 28 17 characteristics characteristic NNS 1844 28 18 found find VBN 1844 28 19 in in IN 1844 28 20 the the DT 1844 28 21 cloud cloud NNP 1844 28 22 service service NN 1844 28 23 model model NN 1844 28 24 . . . 1844 29 1 Virtualization virtualization NN 1844 29 2 plays play VBZ 1844 29 3 an an DT 1844 29 4 important important JJ 1844 29 5 role role NN 1844 29 6 in in IN 1844 29 7 cloud cloud NN 1844 29 8 computing computing NN 1844 29 9 . . . 1844 30 1 With with IN 1844 30 2 this this DT 1844 30 3 technology technology NN 1844 30 4 , , , 1844 30 5 it -PRON- PRP 1844 30 6 is be VBZ 1844 30 7 possible possible JJ 1844 30 8 to to TO 1844 30 9 have have VB 1844 30 10 facilities facility NNS 1844 30 11 such such JJ 1844 30 12 as as IN 1844 30 13 multiple multiple JJ 1844 30 14 execution execution NN 1844 30 15 environments environment NNS 1844 30 16 , , , 1844 30 17 sandboxing sandboxing NN 1844 30 18 , , , 1844 30 19 server server NN 1844 30 20 consolidation consolidation NN 1844 30 21 , , , 1844 30 22 use use NN 1844 30 23 of of IN 1844 30 24 multiple multiple JJ 1844 30 25 operating operating NN 1844 30 26 systems system NNS 1844 30 27 , , , 1844 30 28 and and CC 1844 30 29 software software NN 1844 30 30 migration migration NN 1844 30 31 , , , 1844 30 32 among among IN 1844 30 33 others other NNS 1844 30 34 . . . 1844 31 1 Besides besides IN 1844 31 2 virtualization virtualization NN 1844 31 3 technologies technology NNS 1844 31 4 , , , 1844 31 5 emerging emerge VBG 1844 31 6 tools tool NNS 1844 31 7 that that WDT 1844 31 8 allow allow VBP 1844 31 9 the the DT 1844 31 10 creation creation NN 1844 31 11 of of IN 1844 31 12 cloud cloud NN 1844 31 13 - - HYPH 1844 31 14 computing compute VBG 1844 31 15 environments environment NNS 1844 31 16 also also RB 1844 31 17 support support VBP 1844 31 18 this this DT 1844 31 19 type type NN 1844 31 20 of of IN 1844 31 21 computing computing NN 1844 31 22 model model NN 1844 31 23 , , , 1844 31 24 providing provide VBG 1844 31 25 dynamic dynamic JJ 1844 31 26 instantiation instantiation NN 1844 31 27 and and CC 1844 31 28 release release NN 1844 31 29 of of IN 1844 31 30 virtual virtual JJ 1844 31 31 machines machine NNS 1844 31 32 and and CC 1844 31 33 software software NN 1844 31 34 migration migration NN 1844 31 35 . . . 1844 32 1 Currently currently RB 1844 32 2 , , , 1844 32 3 it -PRON- PRP 1844 32 4 is be VBZ 1844 32 5 possible possible JJ 1844 32 6 to to TO 1844 32 7 find find VB 1844 32 8 several several JJ 1844 32 9 examples example NNS 1844 32 10 of of IN 1844 32 11 public public JJ 1844 32 12 cloud cloud NN 1844 32 13 storage storage NN 1844 32 14 , , , 1844 32 15 such such JJ 1844 32 16 as as IN 1844 32 17 Amazon Amazon NNP 1844 32 18 S3 S3 NNP 1844 32 19 ( ( -LRB- 1844 32 20 http://aws.amazon.com/en/s3 http://aws.amazon.com/en/s3 NNP 1844 32 21 ) ) -RRB- 1844 32 22 , , , 1844 32 23 RackSpace RackSpace NNP 1844 32 24 ( ( -LRB- 1844 32 25 http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/public/files http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/public/files NNP 1844 32 26 ) ) -RRB- 1844 32 27 , , , 1844 32 28 and and CC 1844 32 29 Google Google NNP 1844 32 30 Storage Storage NNP 1844 32 31 ( ( -LRB- 1844 32 32 https://developers.google.com/storage https://developers.google.com/storage ADD 1844 32 33 ) ) -RRB- 1844 32 34 , , , 1844 32 35 each each DT 1844 32 36 of of IN 1844 32 37 which which WDT 1844 32 38 provide provide VBP 1844 32 39 high high JJ 1844 32 40 availability availability NN 1844 32 41 , , , 1844 32 42 fault fault NN 1844 32 43 tolerance tolerance NN 1844 32 44 , , , 1844 32 45 and and CC 1844 32 46 services service NNS 1844 32 47 and and CC 1844 32 48 administration administration NN 1844 32 49 at at IN 1844 32 50 low low JJ 1844 32 51 cost cost NN 1844 32 52 . . . 1844 33 1 For for IN 1844 33 2 organizations organization NNS 1844 33 3 that that WDT 1844 33 4 do do VBP 1844 33 5 not not RB 1844 33 6 want want VB 1844 33 7 to to TO 1844 33 8 use use VB 1844 33 9 a a DT 1844 33 10 third third JJ 1844 33 11 - - HYPH 1844 33 12 party party NN 1844 33 13 environment environment NN 1844 33 14 to to TO 1844 33 15 store store VB 1844 33 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 1844 33 17 data datum NNS 1844 33 18 , , , 1844 33 19 private private JJ 1844 33 20 cloud cloud NN 1844 33 21 services service NNS 1844 33 22 may may MD 1844 33 23 offer offer VB 1844 33 24 a a DT 1844 33 25 better well JJR 1844 33 26 option option NN 1844 33 27 , , , 1844 33 28 although although IN 1844 33 29 the the DT 1844 33 30 cost cost NN 1844 33 31 is be VBZ 1844 33 32 higher high JJR 1844 33 33 . . . 1844 34 1 In in IN 1844 34 2 this this DT 1844 34 3 case case NN 1844 34 4 , , , 1844 34 5 a a DT 1844 34 6 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 34 7 cloud cloud NN 1844 34 8 model model NN 1844 34 9 could could MD 1844 34 10 be be VB 1844 34 11 an an DT 1844 34 12 affordable affordable JJ 1844 34 13 solution solution NN 1844 34 14 . . . 1844 35 1 Organizations organization NNS 1844 35 2 or or CC 1844 35 3 individual individual JJ 1844 35 4 users user NNS 1844 35 5 , , , 1844 35 6 can can MD 1844 35 7 store store VB 1844 35 8 sensitive sensitive JJ 1844 35 9 or or CC 1844 35 10 frequently frequently RB 1844 35 11 used use VBN 1844 35 12 information information NN 1844 35 13 in in IN 1844 35 14 the the DT 1844 35 15 private private JJ 1844 35 16 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 35 17 and and CC 1844 35 18 less less RBR 1844 35 19 sensitive sensitive JJ 1844 35 20 data datum NNS 1844 35 21 in in IN 1844 35 22 the the DT 1844 35 23 public public JJ 1844 35 24 cloud cloud NN 1844 35 25 . . . 1844 36 1 The the DT 1844 36 2 development development NN 1844 36 3 of of IN 1844 36 4 a a DT 1844 36 5 prototype prototype NN 1844 36 6 of of IN 1844 36 7 a a DT 1844 36 8 file file NN 1844 36 9 - - HYPH 1844 36 10 storage storage NN 1844 36 11 service service NN 1844 36 12 implemented implement VBN 1844 36 13 on on IN 1844 36 14 a a DT 1844 36 15 private private JJ 1844 36 16 and and CC 1844 36 17 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 36 18 cloud cloud NN 1844 36 19 environment environment NN 1844 36 20 using use VBG 1844 36 21 mainly mainly RB 1844 36 22 free free JJ 1844 36 23 and and CC 1844 36 24 open open JJ 1844 36 25 - - HYPH 1844 36 26 source source NN 1844 36 27 software software NN 1844 36 28 ( ( -LRB- 1844 36 29 FOSS FOSS NNP 1844 36 30 ) ) -RRB- 1844 36 31 helped help VBD 1844 36 32 us -PRON- PRP 1844 36 33 to to TO 1844 36 34 analyze analyze VB 1844 36 35 the the DT 1844 36 36 behavior behavior NN 1844 36 37 of of IN 1844 36 38 different different JJ 1844 36 39 replication replication NN 1844 36 40 techniques technique NNS 1844 36 41 . . . 1844 37 1 We -PRON- PRP 1844 37 2 paid pay VBD 1844 37 3 special special JJ 1844 37 4 attention attention NN 1844 37 5 to to IN 1844 37 6 the the DT 1844 37 7 cost cost NN 1844 37 8 of of IN 1844 37 9 the the DT 1844 37 10 system system NN 1844 37 11 implementation implementation NN 1844 37 12 , , , 1844 37 13 system system NN 1844 37 14 efficiency efficiency NN 1844 37 15 , , , 1844 37 16 resource resource NN 1844 37 17 consumption consumption NN 1844 37 18 , , , 1844 37 19 and and CC 1844 37 20 different different JJ 1844 37 21 levels level NNS 1844 37 22 of of IN 1844 37 23 data datum NNS 1844 37 24 privacy privacy NN 1844 37 25 and and CC 1844 37 26 availability availability NN 1844 37 27 that that WDT 1844 37 28 can can MD 1844 37 29 be be VB 1844 37 30 achieved achieve VBN 1844 37 31 by by IN 1844 37 32 each each DT 1844 37 33 type type NN 1844 37 34 of of IN 1844 37 35 system system NN 1844 37 36 . . . 1844 38 1 http://aws.amazon.com/en/s3 http://aws.amazon.com/en/s3 NNP 1844 38 2 http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/public/files http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/public/files NNP 1844 38 3 https://developers.google.com/storage https://developers.google.com/storage ADD 1844 38 4 A a DT 1844 38 5 FILE FILE NNP 1844 38 6 STORAGE storage NN 1844 38 7 SERVICE service NN 1844 38 8 ON on IN 1844 38 9 A a DT 1844 38 10 CLOUD cloud JJ 1844 38 11 COMPUTING computing NN 1844 38 12 ENVIRONMENT environment NN 1844 38 13 FOR for IN 1844 38 14 DIGITAL DIGITAL NNP 1844 38 15 LIBRARIES library NNS 1844 38 16 | | NNP 1844 38 17 SOSA SOSA NNP 1844 38 18 - - HYPH 1844 38 19 SOSA SOSA NNP 1844 38 20 36 36 CD 1844 38 21 INFRASTRUCTURE infrastructure NN 1844 38 22 DESCRIPTION description NN 1844 38 23 The the DT 1844 38 24 aim aim NN 1844 38 25 of of IN 1844 38 26 this this DT 1844 38 27 prototyping prototyping JJ 1844 38 28 project project NN 1844 38 29 was be VBD 1844 38 30 to to TO 1844 38 31 design design VB 1844 38 32 and and CC 1844 38 33 implement implement VB 1844 38 34 scalable scalable JJ 1844 38 35 and and CC 1844 38 36 elastic elastic JJ 1844 38 37 distributed distribute VBN 1844 38 38 storage storage NN 1844 38 39 architecture architecture NN 1844 38 40 in in IN 1844 38 41 a a DT 1844 38 42 cloud cloud NN 1844 38 43 - - HYPH 1844 38 44 computing computing NN 1844 38 45 environment environment NN 1844 38 46 using use VBG 1844 38 47 free free JJ 1844 38 48 , , , 1844 38 49 well well RB 1844 38 50 - - HYPH 1844 38 51 known know VBN 1844 38 52 , , , 1844 38 53 open open JJ 1844 38 54 - - HYPH 1844 38 55 source source NN 1844 38 56 tools tool NNS 1844 38 57 . . . 1844 39 1 This this DT 1844 39 2 architecture architecture NN 1844 39 3 represents represent VBZ 1844 39 4 a a DT 1844 39 5 feasible feasible JJ 1844 39 6 option option NN 1844 39 7 that that IN 1844 39 8 digital digital JJ 1844 39 9 libraries library NNS 1844 39 10 can can MD 1844 39 11 adopt adopt VB 1844 39 12 to to TO 1844 39 13 solve solve VB 1844 39 14 financial financial JJ 1844 39 15 and and CC 1844 39 16 technical technical JJ 1844 39 17 challenges challenge NNS 1844 39 18 when when WRB 1844 39 19 building build VBG 1844 39 20 a a DT 1844 39 21 cloud cloud NN 1844 39 22 - - HYPH 1844 39 23 computing computing NN 1844 39 24 environment environment NN 1844 39 25 . . . 1844 40 1 The the DT 1844 40 2 architecture architecture NN 1844 40 3 combines combine VBZ 1844 40 4 private private JJ 1844 40 5 and and CC 1844 40 6 public public JJ 1844 40 7 clouds cloud NNS 1844 40 8 by by IN 1844 40 9 creating create VBG 1844 40 10 a a DT 1844 40 11 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 40 12 cloud cloud NN 1844 40 13 environment environment NN 1844 40 14 . . . 1844 41 1 For for IN 1844 41 2 this this DT 1844 41 3 purpose purpose NN 1844 41 4 , , , 1844 41 5 we -PRON- PRP 1844 41 6 evaluated evaluate VBD 1844 41 7 tools tool NNS 1844 41 8 such such JJ 1844 41 9 as as IN 1844 41 10 KVM KVM NNP 1844 41 11 and and CC 1844 41 12 XEN XEN NNP 1844 41 13 , , , 1844 41 14 which which WDT 1844 41 15 are be VBP 1844 41 16 useful useful JJ 1844 41 17 for for IN 1844 41 18 creating create VBG 1844 41 19 virtual virtual JJ 1844 41 20 machines machine NNS 1844 41 21 ( ( -LRB- 1844 41 22 VM).5 vm).5 VB 1844 41 23 Open open JJ 1844 41 24 Nebula Nebula NNP 1844 41 25 ( ( -LRB- 1844 41 26 http://opennebula.org http://opennebula.org NNP 1844 41 27 ) ) -RRB- 1844 41 28 , , , 1844 41 29 Eucalyptus Eucalyptus NNP 1844 41 30 ( ( -LRB- 1844 41 31 http://www.eucalyptus.com http://www.eucalyptus.com ADD 1844 41 32 ) ) -RRB- 1844 41 33 , , , 1844 41 34 and and CC 1844 41 35 OpenStack OpenStack NNP 1844 41 36 ( ( -LRB- 1844 41 37 http://www.openstack.org http://www.openstack.org ADD 1844 41 38 ) ) -RRB- 1844 41 39 are be VBP 1844 41 40 good good JJ 1844 41 41 , , , 1844 41 42 free free JJ 1844 41 43 options option NNS 1844 41 44 for for IN 1844 41 45 managing manage VBG 1844 41 46 a a DT 1844 41 47 cloud cloud NN 1844 41 48 environment environment NN 1844 41 49 . . . 1844 42 1 We -PRON- PRP 1844 42 2 selected select VBD 1844 42 3 Open open JJ 1844 42 4 Nebula Nebula NNP 1844 42 5 for for IN 1844 42 6 this this DT 1844 42 7 prototype prototype NN 1844 42 8 . . . 1844 43 1 Commodity Commodity NNP 1844 43 2 hard hard JJ 1844 43 3 drives drive NNS 1844 43 4 have have VBP 1844 43 5 a a DT 1844 43 6 relatively relatively RB 1844 43 7 high high JJ 1844 43 8 failure failure NN 1844 43 9 rate rate NN 1844 43 10 , , , 1844 43 11 hence hence RB 1844 43 12 our -PRON- PRP$ 1844 43 13 main main JJ 1844 43 14 motivation motivation NN 1844 43 15 to to TO 1844 43 16 evaluate evaluate VB 1844 43 17 different different JJ 1844 43 18 replication replication NN 1844 43 19 mechanisms mechanism NNS 1844 43 20 , , , 1844 43 21 providing provide VBG 1844 43 22 several several JJ 1844 43 23 levels level NNS 1844 43 24 of of IN 1844 43 25 data datum NNS 1844 43 26 availability availability NN 1844 43 27 and and CC 1844 43 28 fault fault NN 1844 43 29 tolerance tolerance NN 1844 43 30 . . . 1844 44 1 Figure figure NN 1844 44 2 1(a 1(a CD 1844 44 3 ) ) -RRB- 1844 44 4 shows show VBZ 1844 44 5 the the DT 1844 44 6 core core JJ 1844 44 7 components component NNS 1844 44 8 of of IN 1844 44 9 our -PRON- PRP$ 1844 44 10 storage storage NN 1844 44 11 architecture architecture NN 1844 44 12 ( ( -LRB- 1844 44 13 the the DT 1844 44 14 private private JJ 1844 44 15 cloud cloud NN 1844 44 16 ) ) -RRB- 1844 44 17 , , , 1844 44 18 and and CC 1844 44 19 figure figure NN 1844 44 20 1(b 1(b NNS 1844 44 21 ) ) -RRB- 1844 44 22 shows show VBZ 1844 44 23 a a DT 1844 44 24 distributed distribute VBN 1844 44 25 storage storage NN 1844 44 26 web web NN 1844 44 27 application application NN 1844 44 28 named name VBN 1844 44 29 Distributed distribute VBN 1844 44 30 Storage Storage NNP 1844 44 31 On on IN 1844 44 32 the the DT 1844 44 33 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 44 34 ( ( -LRB- 1844 44 35 DISOC DISOC NNP 1844 44 36 ) ) -RRB- 1844 44 37 , , , 1844 44 38 used use VBN 1844 44 39 as as IN 1844 44 40 a a DT 1844 44 41 proof proof NN 1844 44 42 of of IN 1844 44 43 concept concept NN 1844 44 44 . . . 1844 45 1 The the DT 1844 45 2 private private JJ 1844 45 3 cloud cloud NN 1844 45 4 also also RB 1844 45 5 has have VBZ 1844 45 6 an an DT 1844 45 7 interface interface NN 1844 45 8 to to TO 1844 45 9 access access VB 1844 45 10 a a DT 1844 45 11 public public JJ 1844 45 12 cloud cloud NN 1844 45 13 , , , 1844 45 14 thus thus RB 1844 45 15 creating create VBG 1844 45 16 a a DT 1844 45 17 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 45 18 environment environment NN 1844 45 19 . . . 1844 46 1 Figure figure NN 1844 46 2 1 1 CD 1844 46 3 . . . 1844 47 1 Main main JJ 1844 47 2 Components Components NNP 1844 47 3 of of IN 1844 47 4 the the DT 1844 47 5 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 47 6 Storage Storage NNP 1844 47 7 Architecture Architecture NNP 1844 47 8 The the DT 1844 47 9 core core NN 1844 47 10 components component NNS 1844 47 11 and and CC 1844 47 12 modules module NNS 1844 47 13 of of IN 1844 47 14 the the DT 1844 47 15 architecture architecture NN 1844 47 16 are be VBP 1844 47 17 the the DT 1844 47 18 following follow VBG 1844 47 19 : : : 1844 47 20 • • VB 1844 47 21 Virtual virtual JJ 1844 47 22 Machine machine NN 1844 47 23 ( ( -LRB- 1844 47 24 VM VM NNP 1844 47 25 ) ) -RRB- 1844 47 26 . . . 1844 48 1 We -PRON- PRP 1844 48 2 evaluated evaluate VBD 1844 48 3 different different JJ 1844 48 4 open open JJ 1844 48 5 - - HYPH 1844 48 6 source source NN 1844 48 7 were be VBD 1844 48 8 evaluated evaluate VBN 1844 48 9 , , , 1844 48 10 such such JJ 1844 48 11 as as IN 1844 48 12 KVM KVM NNP 1844 48 13 and and CC 1844 48 14 XEN XEN NNP 1844 48 15 , , , 1844 48 16 for for IN 1844 48 17 the the DT 1844 48 18 creation creation NN 1844 48 19 of of IN 1844 48 20 virtual virtual JJ 1844 48 21 machines.6 machines.6 CD 1844 48 22 Some some DT 1844 48 23 performance performance NN 1844 48 24 tests test NNS 1844 48 25 were be VBD 1844 48 26 done do VBN 1844 48 27 , , , 1844 48 28 and and CC 1844 48 29 KVM KVM NNP 1844 48 30 showed show VBD 1844 48 31 a a DT 1844 48 32 slightly slightly RB 1844 48 33 higher high JJR 1844 48 34 performance performance NN 1844 48 35 than than IN 1844 48 36 XEN XEN NNP 1844 48 37 . . . 1844 49 1 We -PRON- PRP 1844 49 2 selected select VBD 1844 49 3 KVM KVM NNP 1844 49 4 as as IN 1844 49 5 the the DT 1844 49 6 main main JJ 1844 49 7 Virtual virtual JJ 1844 49 8 Machine Machine NNP 1844 49 9 Manager Manager NNP 1844 49 10 ( ( -LRB- 1844 49 11 VMM VMM NNP 1844 49 12 ) ) -RRB- 1844 49 13 for for IN 1844 49 14 the the DT 1844 49 15 proposed propose VBN 1844 49 16 architecture architecture NN 1844 49 17 . . . 1844 50 1 VMMs vmm NNS 1844 50 2 also also RB 1844 50 3 are be VBP 1844 50 4 called call VBN 1844 50 5 http://opennebula.org/ http://opennebula.org/ CD 1844 50 6 http://www.eucalyptus.com/ http://www.eucalyptus.com/ NN 1844 50 7 http://www.openstack.org/ http://www.openstack.org/ NN 1844 50 8 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 1844 50 9 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 1844 50 10 AND and CC 1844 50 11 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 1844 50 12 | | NNP 1844 50 13 DECEMBER DECEMBER NNP 1844 50 14 2012 2012 CD 1844 50 15 37 37 CD 1844 50 16 Hypervisors Hypervisors NNPS 1844 50 17 . . . 1844 51 1 Each each DT 1844 51 2 VM VM NNP 1844 51 3 has have VBZ 1844 51 4 a a DT 1844 51 5 Linux Linux NNP 1844 51 6 operating operating NN 1844 51 7 system system NN 1844 51 8 that that WDT 1844 51 9 is be VBZ 1844 51 10 optimized optimize VBN 1844 51 11 to to TO 1844 51 12 work work VB 1844 51 13 in in IN 1844 51 14 virtual virtual JJ 1844 51 15 environments environment NNS 1844 51 16 and and CC 1844 51 17 requires require VBZ 1844 51 18 a a DT 1844 51 19 minimum minimum JJ 1844 51 20 consumption consumption NN 1844 51 21 of of IN 1844 51 22 disk disk NN 1844 51 23 space space NN 1844 51 24 . . . 1844 52 1 The the DT 1844 52 2 VM VM NNP 1844 52 3 also also RB 1844 52 4 includes include VBZ 1844 52 5 an an DT 1844 52 6 Apache Apache NNP 1844 52 7 web web NN 1844 52 8 server server NN 1844 52 9 , , , 1844 52 10 a a DT 1844 52 11 PHP PHP NNP 1844 52 12 module module NN 1844 52 13 , , , 1844 52 14 and and CC 1844 52 15 some some DT 1844 52 16 basic basic JJ 1844 52 17 tools tool NNS 1844 52 18 that that WDT 1844 52 19 were be VBD 1844 52 20 used use VBN 1844 52 21 to to TO 1844 52 22 build build VB 1844 52 23 the the DT 1844 52 24 DISOC DISOC NNP 1844 52 25 web web NN 1844 52 26 application application NN 1844 52 27 . . . 1844 53 1 Every every DT 1844 53 2 VM VM NNP 1844 53 3 is be VBZ 1844 53 4 able able JJ 1844 53 5 to to TO 1844 53 6 transparently transparently RB 1844 53 7 access access VB 1844 53 8 a a DT 1844 53 9 pool pool NN 1844 53 10 of of IN 1844 53 11 disks disk NNS 1844 53 12 through through IN 1844 53 13 a a DT 1844 53 14 special special JJ 1844 53 15 data data NN 1844 53 16 access access NN 1844 53 17 module module NN 1844 53 18 , , , 1844 53 19 which which WDT 1844 53 20 we -PRON- PRP 1844 53 21 called call VBD 1844 53 22 DAM DAM NNP 1844 53 23 . . . 1844 54 1 More More JJR 1844 54 2 details detail NNS 1844 54 3 about about IN 1844 54 4 DAM dam NN 1844 54 5 follow follow NN 1844 54 6 . . . 1844 55 1 • • VB 1844 55 2 Virtual virtual JJ 1844 55 3 Machine machine NN 1844 55 4 Manager Manager NNP 1844 55 5 Module Module NNP 1844 55 6 ( ( -LRB- 1844 55 7 VMMM VMMM NNP 1844 55 8 ) ) -RRB- 1844 55 9 . . . 1844 56 1 This this DT 1844 56 2 has have VBZ 1844 56 3 the the DT 1844 56 4 function function NN 1844 56 5 of of IN 1844 56 6 dynamic dynamic JJ 1844 56 7 instantiation instantiation NN 1844 56 8 and and CC 1844 56 9 de de NN 1844 56 10 - - NN 1844 56 11 instantiation instantiation NN 1844 56 12 of of IN 1844 56 13 virtual virtual JJ 1844 56 14 machines machine NNS 1844 56 15 depending depend VBG 1844 56 16 on on IN 1844 56 17 the the DT 1844 56 18 current current JJ 1844 56 19 load load NN 1844 56 20 on on IN 1844 56 21 the the DT 1844 56 22 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 56 23 . . . 1844 57 1 • • NNP 1844 57 2 Data Data NNP 1844 57 3 Access Access NNP 1844 57 4 Module Module NNP 1844 57 5 ( ( -LRB- 1844 57 6 DAM DAM NNP 1844 57 7 ) ) -RRB- 1844 57 8 . . . 1844 58 1 All all DT 1844 58 2 of of IN 1844 58 3 the the DT 1844 58 4 virtual virtual JJ 1844 58 5 disk disk NN 1844 58 6 space space NN 1844 58 7 required require VBN 1844 58 8 by by IN 1844 58 9 every every DT 1844 58 10 VM VM NNP 1844 58 11 was be VBD 1844 58 12 obtained obtain VBN 1844 58 13 through through IN 1844 58 14 the the DT 1844 58 15 Data Data NNP 1844 58 16 Access Access NNP 1844 58 17 Module Module NNP 1844 58 18 Interface Interface NNP 1844 58 19 ( ( -LRB- 1844 58 20 DAM dam NN 1844 58 21 - - : 1844 58 22 I i NN 1844 58 23 ) ) -RRB- 1844 58 24 . . . 1844 59 1 DAM dam NN 1844 59 2 - - : 1844 59 3 I -PRON- PRP 1844 59 4 allows allow VBZ 1844 59 5 VMs vm NNS 1844 59 6 to to TO 1844 59 7 access access NN 1844 59 8 disk disk NN 1844 59 9 space space NN 1844 59 10 by by IN 1844 59 11 calling call VBG 1844 59 12 DAM DAM NNP 1844 59 13 , , , 1844 59 14 which which WDT 1844 59 15 provides provide VBZ 1844 59 16 transparent transparent JJ 1844 59 17 access access NN 1844 59 18 to to IN 1844 59 19 the the DT 1844 59 20 different different JJ 1844 59 21 disks disk NNS 1844 59 22 that that WDT 1844 59 23 are be VBP 1844 59 24 part part NN 1844 59 25 of of IN 1844 59 26 the the DT 1844 59 27 storage storage NN 1844 59 28 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 59 29 . . . 1844 60 1 DAM dam NN 1844 60 2 allocates allocate NNS 1844 60 3 and and CC 1844 60 4 retrieves retrieve VBZ 1844 60 5 files file NNS 1844 60 6 stored store VBN 1844 60 7 throughout throughout IN 1844 60 8 multiple multiple JJ 1844 60 9 file file NN 1844 60 10 servers server NNS 1844 60 11 . . . 1844 61 1 • • NNP 1844 61 2 Load Load NNP 1844 61 3 Balancer Balancer NNP 1844 61 4 Module Module NNP 1844 61 5 ( ( -LRB- 1844 61 6 LBM LBM NNP 1844 61 7 ) ) -RRB- 1844 61 8 . . . 1844 62 1 This this DT 1844 62 2 distributes distribute VBZ 1844 62 3 the the DT 1844 62 4 load load NN 1844 62 5 among among IN 1844 62 6 different different JJ 1844 62 7 VMs vm NNS 1844 62 8 instantiated instantiate VBN 1844 62 9 on on IN 1844 62 10 the the DT 1844 62 11 physical physical JJ 1844 62 12 servers server NNS 1844 62 13 that that WDT 1844 62 14 make make VBP 1844 62 15 up up RP 1844 62 16 the the DT 1844 62 17 private private JJ 1844 62 18 cloud cloud NN 1844 62 19 . . . 1844 63 1 • • NNP 1844 63 2 Load Load NNP 1844 63 3 Manager Manager NNP 1844 63 4 ( ( -LRB- 1844 63 5 LM LM NNP 1844 63 6 ) ) -RRB- 1844 63 7 . . . 1844 64 1 This this DT 1844 64 2 monitors monitor VBZ 1844 64 3 the the DT 1844 64 4 load load NN 1844 64 5 that that WDT 1844 64 6 can can MD 1844 64 7 occur occur VB 1844 64 8 in in IN 1844 64 9 the the DT 1844 64 10 private private JJ 1844 64 11 cloud cloud NN 1844 64 12 . . . 1844 65 1 • • NNP 1844 65 2 Distributed distribute VBN 1844 65 3 Storage storage NN 1844 65 4 on on IN 1844 65 5 the the DT 1844 65 6 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 65 7 ( ( -LRB- 1844 65 8 DISOC DISOC NNP 1844 65 9 ) ) -RRB- 1844 65 10 . . . 1844 66 1 This this DT 1844 66 2 is be VBZ 1844 66 3 a a DT 1844 66 4 web web NN 1844 66 5 - - HYPH 1844 66 6 based base VBN 1844 66 7 file file NN 1844 66 8 - - HYPH 1844 66 9 storage storage NN 1844 66 10 system system NN 1844 66 11 that that WDT 1844 66 12 is be VBZ 1844 66 13 used use VBN 1844 66 14 as as IN 1844 66 15 a a DT 1844 66 16 proof proof NN 1844 66 17 of of IN 1844 66 18 concept concept NN 1844 66 19 and and CC 1844 66 20 was be VBD 1844 66 21 implemented implement VBN 1844 66 22 based base VBN 1844 66 23 on on IN 1844 66 24 the the DT 1844 66 25 proposed propose VBN 1844 66 26 architecture architecture NN 1844 66 27 . . . 1844 67 1 REPLICATION REPLICATION NNP 1844 67 2 TECHNIQUES TECHNIQUES NNP 1844 67 3 High high JJ 1844 67 4 availability availability NN 1844 67 5 is be VBZ 1844 67 6 one one CD 1844 67 7 of of IN 1844 67 8 the the DT 1844 67 9 important important JJ 1844 67 10 features feature NNS 1844 67 11 offered offer VBN 1844 67 12 in in IN 1844 67 13 a a DT 1844 67 14 storage storage NN 1844 67 15 service service NN 1844 67 16 deployed deploy VBN 1844 67 17 in in IN 1844 67 18 the the DT 1844 67 19 cloud cloud NN 1844 67 20 . . . 1844 68 1 The the DT 1844 68 2 use use NN 1844 68 3 of of IN 1844 68 4 replication replication NN 1844 68 5 techniques technique NNS 1844 68 6 has have VBZ 1844 68 7 been be VBN 1844 68 8 the the DT 1844 68 9 most most RBS 1844 68 10 useful useful JJ 1844 68 11 proposal proposal NN 1844 68 12 to to TO 1844 68 13 achieve achieve VB 1844 68 14 this this DT 1844 68 15 feature feature NN 1844 68 16 . . . 1844 69 1 DAM dam NN 1844 69 2 is be VBZ 1844 69 3 the the DT 1844 69 4 component component NN 1844 69 5 that that WDT 1844 69 6 provides provide VBZ 1844 69 7 different different JJ 1844 69 8 levels level NNS 1844 69 9 of of IN 1844 69 10 data datum NNS 1844 69 11 availability availability NN 1844 69 12 . . . 1844 70 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 70 2 currently currently RB 1844 70 3 includes include VBZ 1844 70 4 the the DT 1844 70 5 following follow VBG 1844 70 6 replication replication NN 1844 70 7 policies policy NNS 1844 70 8 : : : 1844 70 9 no no DT 1844 70 10 - - HYPH 1844 70 11 replication replication NN 1844 70 12 , , , 1844 70 13 total total JJ 1844 70 14 - - HYPH 1844 70 15 replication replication NN 1844 70 16 , , , 1844 70 17 mirroring mirroring NN 1844 70 18 , , , 1844 70 19 and and CC 1844 70 20 IDA IDA NNP 1844 70 21 - - HYPH 1844 70 22 based base VBN 1844 70 23 replication replication NN 1844 70 24 . . . 1844 71 1 • • NNP 1844 71 2 No No NNP 1844 71 3 - - HYPH 1844 71 4 Replication replication NN 1844 71 5 . . . 1844 72 1 This this DT 1844 72 2 replication replication NN 1844 72 3 policy policy NN 1844 72 4 represents represent VBZ 1844 72 5 the the DT 1844 72 6 data data NN 1844 72 7 availability availability NN 1844 72 8 method method NN 1844 72 9 with with IN 1844 72 10 the the DT 1844 72 11 lowest low JJS 1844 72 12 level level NN 1844 72 13 of of IN 1844 72 14 fault fault NN 1844 72 15 tolerance tolerance NN 1844 72 16 . . . 1844 73 1 In in IN 1844 73 2 this this DT 1844 73 3 method method NN 1844 73 4 , , , 1844 73 5 only only RB 1844 73 6 the the DT 1844 73 7 original original JJ 1844 73 8 version version NN 1844 73 9 of of IN 1844 73 10 a a DT 1844 73 11 file file NN 1844 73 12 is be VBZ 1844 73 13 stored store VBN 1844 73 14 in in IN 1844 73 15 the the DT 1844 73 16 disk disk NN 1844 73 17 pool pool NN 1844 73 18 . . . 1844 74 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 74 2 follows follow VBZ 1844 74 3 a a DT 1844 74 4 round round JJ 1844 74 5 - - HYPH 1844 74 6 robin robin NN 1844 74 7 allocation allocation NN 1844 74 8 policy policy NN 1844 74 9 whereby whereby WRB 1844 74 10 load load NN 1844 74 11 assignation assignation NN 1844 74 12 is be VBZ 1844 74 13 made make VBN 1844 74 14 based base VBN 1844 74 15 on on IN 1844 74 16 a a DT 1844 74 17 circularly circularly RB 1844 74 18 linked link VBN 1844 74 19 list list NN 1844 74 20 , , , 1844 74 21 taking take VBG 1844 74 22 into into IN 1844 74 23 account account NN 1844 74 24 disk disk NN 1844 74 25 availability availability NN 1844 74 26 . . . 1844 75 1 This this DT 1844 75 2 policy policy NN 1844 75 3 prevents prevent VBZ 1844 75 4 all all DT 1844 75 5 files file NNS 1844 75 6 from from IN 1844 75 7 being be VBG 1844 75 8 allocated allocate VBN 1844 75 9 to to IN 1844 75 10 the the DT 1844 75 11 same same JJ 1844 75 12 server server NN 1844 75 13 , , , 1844 75 14 providing provide VBG 1844 75 15 a a DT 1844 75 16 minimal minimal JJ 1844 75 17 fault fault NN 1844 75 18 tolerance tolerance NN 1844 75 19 in in IN 1844 75 20 case case NN 1844 75 21 a a DT 1844 75 22 server server NN 1844 75 23 failure failure NN 1844 75 24 . . . 1844 76 1 • • NNP 1844 76 2 Mirroring Mirroring NNP 1844 76 3 . . . 1844 77 1 This this DT 1844 77 2 replication replication NN 1844 77 3 technique technique NN 1844 77 4 is be VBZ 1844 77 5 a a DT 1844 77 6 simple simple JJ 1844 77 7 way way NN 1844 77 8 to to TO 1844 77 9 ensure ensure VB 1844 77 10 higher high JJR 1844 77 11 availability availability NN 1844 77 12 without without IN 1844 77 13 high high JJ 1844 77 14 resource resource NN 1844 77 15 consumption consumption NN 1844 77 16 . . . 1844 78 1 In in IN 1844 78 2 this this DT 1844 78 3 replication replication NN 1844 78 4 , , , 1844 78 5 every every DT 1844 78 6 time time NN 1844 78 7 a a DT 1844 78 8 file file NN 1844 78 9 is be VBZ 1844 78 10 stored store VBN 1844 78 11 in in IN 1844 78 12 a a DT 1844 78 13 disk disk NN 1844 78 14 , , , 1844 78 15 the the DT 1844 78 16 DAM DAM NNP 1844 78 17 creates create VBZ 1844 78 18 a a DT 1844 78 19 copy copy NN 1844 78 20 and and CC 1844 78 21 places place VBZ 1844 78 22 it -PRON- PRP 1844 78 23 on on IN 1844 78 24 a a DT 1844 78 25 different different JJ 1844 78 26 disk disk NN 1844 78 27 . . . 1844 79 1 • • NNP 1844 79 2 Total total JJ 1844 79 3 - - HYPH 1844 79 4 replication replication NN 1844 79 5 . . . 1844 80 1 This this DT 1844 80 2 represents represent VBZ 1844 80 3 the the DT 1844 80 4 highest high JJS 1844 80 5 data data NN 1844 80 6 availability availability NN 1844 80 7 approach approach NN 1844 80 8 . . . 1844 81 1 In in IN 1844 81 2 this this DT 1844 81 3 technique technique NN 1844 81 4 , , , 1844 81 5 a a DT 1844 81 6 copy copy NN 1844 81 7 of of IN 1844 81 8 the the DT 1844 81 9 file file NN 1844 81 10 is be VBZ 1844 81 11 stored store VBN 1844 81 12 on on IN 1844 81 13 all all DT 1844 81 14 of of IN 1844 81 15 the the DT 1844 81 16 file file NN 1844 81 17 servers server NNS 1844 81 18 available available JJ 1844 81 19 . . . 1844 82 1 Total total JJ 1844 82 2 - - HYPH 1844 82 3 replication replication NN 1844 82 4 also also RB 1844 82 5 requires require VBZ 1844 82 6 the the DT 1844 82 7 highest high JJS 1844 82 8 consumption consumption NN 1844 82 9 of of IN 1844 82 10 resources resource NNS 1844 82 11 . . . 1844 83 1 • • NNP 1844 83 2 IDA IDA NNP 1844 83 3 - - HYPH 1844 83 4 based base VBN 1844 83 5 replication replication NN 1844 83 6 . . . 1844 84 1 To to TO 1844 84 2 provide provide VB 1844 84 3 higher high JJR 1844 84 4 data datum NNS 1844 84 5 availability availability NN 1844 84 6 with with IN 1844 84 7 less less JJR 1844 84 8 impact impact NN 1844 84 9 on on IN 1844 84 10 the the DT 1844 84 11 consumption consumption NN 1844 84 12 of of IN 1844 84 13 resources resource NNS 1844 84 14 , , , 1844 84 15 an an DT 1844 84 16 alternative alternative JJ 1844 84 17 approach approach NN 1844 84 18 based base VBN 1844 84 19 on on IN 1844 84 20 information information NN 1844 84 21 - - HYPH 1844 84 22 dispersal dispersal NN 1844 84 23 techniques technique NNS 1844 84 24 can can MD 1844 84 25 be be VB 1844 84 26 used use VBN 1844 84 27 . . . 1844 85 1 The the DT 1844 85 2 Information Information NNP 1844 85 3 Dispersal Dispersal NNP 1844 85 4 Algorithm Algorithm NNP 1844 85 5 ( ( -LRB- 1844 85 6 IDA IDA NNP 1844 85 7 ) ) -RRB- 1844 85 8 is be VBZ 1844 85 9 an an DT 1844 85 10 example example NN 1844 85 11 of of IN 1844 85 12 this this DT 1844 85 13 A A NNP 1844 85 14 FILE FILE NNP 1844 85 15 STORAGE STORAGE NNP 1844 85 16 SERVICE service NN 1844 85 17 ON on IN 1844 85 18 A a DT 1844 85 19 CLOUD cloud JJ 1844 85 20 COMPUTING computing NN 1844 85 21 ENVIRONMENT environment NN 1844 85 22 FOR for IN 1844 85 23 DIGITAL DIGITAL NNP 1844 85 24 LIBRARIES library NNS 1844 85 25 | | NNP 1844 85 26 SOSA SOSA NNP 1844 85 27 - - HYPH 1844 85 28 SOSA SOSA NNP 1844 85 29 38 38 CD 1844 85 30 strategy.7 strategy.7 CD 1844 85 31 When when WRB 1844 85 32 a a DT 1844 85 33 file file NN 1844 85 34 ( ( -LRB- 1844 85 35 of of IN 1844 85 36 size size NN 1844 85 37 |F| |F| NFP 1844 85 38 ) ) -RRB- 1844 85 39 is be VBZ 1844 85 40 required require VBN 1844 85 41 to to TO 1844 85 42 be be VB 1844 85 43 stored store VBN 1844 85 44 using use VBG 1844 85 45 the the DT 1844 85 46 IDA IDA NNP 1844 85 47 , , , 1844 85 48 the the DT 1844 85 49 file file NN 1844 85 50 is be VBZ 1844 85 51 partitioned partition VBN 1844 85 52 into into IN 1844 85 53 n n DT 1844 85 54 fragments fragment NNS 1844 85 55 of of IN 1844 85 56 size size NN 1844 85 57 |F|/m |f|/m NN 1844 85 58 , , , 1844 85 59 where where WRB 1844 85 60 m m NNP 1844 85 61 < < XX 1844 85 62 n n XX 1844 85 63 . . . 1844 86 1 These these DT 1844 86 2 fragments fragment NNS 1844 86 3 are be VBP 1844 86 4 distributed distribute VBN 1844 86 5 in in IN 1844 86 6 n n JJ 1844 86 7 different different JJ 1844 86 8 disks disk NNS 1844 86 9 . . . 1844 87 1 The the DT 1844 87 2 IDA IDA NNP 1844 87 3 only only RB 1844 87 4 needs need VBZ 1844 87 5 to to TO 1844 87 6 obtain obtain VB 1844 87 7 m m NN 1844 87 8 fragments fragment NNS 1844 87 9 to to TO 1844 87 10 reconstruct reconstruct VB 1844 87 11 the the DT 1844 87 12 original original JJ 1844 87 13 file file NN 1844 87 14 . . . 1844 88 1 In in IN 1844 88 2 this this DT 1844 88 3 context context NN 1844 88 4 , , , 1844 88 5 even even RB 1844 88 6 if if IN 1844 88 7 n n NNP 1844 88 8 - - HYPH 1844 88 9 m m NNP 1844 88 10 disks disk NNS 1844 88 11 failed fail VBD 1844 88 12 , , , 1844 88 13 the the DT 1844 88 14 file file NN 1844 88 15 would would MD 1844 88 16 still still RB 1844 88 17 be be VB 1844 88 18 recovered recover VBN 1844 88 19 . . . 1844 89 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 89 2 is be VBZ 1844 89 3 desirable desirable JJ 1844 89 4 that that IN 1844 89 5 no no DT 1844 89 6 more more JJR 1844 89 7 than than IN 1844 89 8 n n NNP 1844 89 9 - - HYPH 1844 89 10 m m NN 1844 89 11 file file NN 1844 89 12 servers server NNS 1844 89 13 fail fail VBP 1844 89 14 . . . 1844 90 1 The the DT 1844 90 2 IDA IDA NNP 1844 90 3 provides provide VBZ 1844 90 4 better well JJR 1844 90 5 fault fault NN 1844 90 6 tolerance tolerance NN 1844 90 7 than than IN 1844 90 8 mirroring mirror VBG 1844 90 9 without without IN 1844 90 10 the the DT 1844 90 11 need need NN 1844 90 12 to to TO 1844 90 13 completely completely RB 1844 90 14 replicate replicate VB 1844 90 15 the the DT 1844 90 16 original original JJ 1844 90 17 file file NN 1844 90 18 . . . 1844 91 1 In in IN 1844 91 2 this this DT 1844 91 3 prototype prototype NN 1844 91 4 , , , 1844 91 5 the the DT 1844 91 6 IDA IDA NNP 1844 91 7 was be VBD 1844 91 8 evaluated evaluate VBN 1844 91 9 with with IN 1844 91 10 n=5 n=5 NNS 1844 91 11 and and CC 1844 91 12 m=3 m=3 NN 1844 91 13 ( ( -LRB- 1844 91 14 which which WDT 1844 91 15 means mean VBZ 1844 91 16 only only RB 1844 91 17 60 60 CD 1844 91 18 percent percent NN 1844 91 19 of of IN 1844 91 20 the the DT 1844 91 21 original original JJ 1844 91 22 file file NN 1844 91 23 was be VBD 1844 91 24 replicated replicate VBN 1844 91 25 ) ) -RRB- 1844 91 26 . . . 1844 92 1 The the DT 1844 92 2 IDA IDA NNP 1844 92 3 is be VBZ 1844 92 4 attractive attractive JJ 1844 92 5 for for IN 1844 92 6 a a DT 1844 92 7 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 92 8 cloud cloud NN 1844 92 9 environment environment NN 1844 92 10 because because IN 1844 92 11 it -PRON- PRP 1844 92 12 is be VBZ 1844 92 13 not not RB 1844 92 14 necessary necessary JJ 1844 92 15 to to TO 1844 92 16 save save VB 1844 92 17 the the DT 1844 92 18 entire entire JJ 1844 92 19 file file NN 1844 92 20 on on IN 1844 92 21 a a DT 1844 92 22 single single JJ 1844 92 23 file file NN 1844 92 24 server server NN 1844 92 25 ( ( -LRB- 1844 92 26 disk disk NN 1844 92 27 ) ) -RRB- 1844 92 28 . . . 1844 93 1 In in IN 1844 93 2 this this DT 1844 93 3 way way NN 1844 93 4 , , , 1844 93 5 it -PRON- PRP 1844 93 6 could could MD 1844 93 7 be be VB 1844 93 8 possible possible JJ 1844 93 9 to to TO 1844 93 10 send send VB 1844 93 11 k k NN 1844 93 12 fragments fragment NNS 1844 93 13 of of IN 1844 93 14 the the DT 1844 93 15 file file NN 1844 93 16 ( ( -LRB- 1844 93 17 where where WRB 1844 93 18 k k NNP 1844 93 19 < < XX 1844 93 20 m m NNP 1844 93 21 ) ) -RRB- 1844 93 22 to to IN 1844 93 23 a a DT 1844 93 24 public public JJ 1844 93 25 cloud cloud NN 1844 93 26 storage storage NN 1844 93 27 without without IN 1844 93 28 revealing reveal VBG 1844 93 29 the the DT 1844 93 30 complete complete JJ 1844 93 31 content content NN 1844 93 32 of of IN 1844 93 33 the the DT 1844 93 34 original original JJ 1844 93 35 file file NN 1844 93 36 . . . 1844 94 1 This this DT 1844 94 2 strategy strategy NN 1844 94 3 works work VBZ 1844 94 4 similar similar JJ 1844 94 5 to to IN 1844 94 6 Redundant Redundant NNP 1844 94 7 Array Array NNP 1844 94 8 of of IN 1844 94 9 Independent Independent NNP 1844 94 10 Disks Disks NNP 1844 94 11 ( ( -LRB- 1844 94 12 RAID RAID NNP 1844 94 13 ) ) -RRB- 1844 94 14 5 5 CD 1844 94 15 in in IN 1844 94 16 that that IN 1844 94 17 it -PRON- PRP 1844 94 18 is be VBZ 1844 94 19 a a DT 1844 94 20 type type NN 1844 94 21 of of IN 1844 94 22 block block NN 1844 94 23 - - HYPH 1844 94 24 level level NN 1844 94 25 striping striping JJ 1844 94 26 storage storage NN 1844 94 27 technology technology NN 1844 94 28 , , , 1844 94 29 which which WDT 1844 94 30 distributes distribute VBZ 1844 94 31 parity parity NN 1844 94 32 or or CC 1844 94 33 data datum NNS 1844 94 34 about about IN 1844 94 35 the the DT 1844 94 36 data datum NNS 1844 94 37 along along IN 1844 94 38 with with IN 1844 94 39 the the DT 1844 94 40 data datum NNS 1844 94 41 itself.8 itself.8 -LRB- 1844 94 42 However however RB 1844 94 43 , , , 1844 94 44 the the DT 1844 94 45 IDA IDA NNP 1844 94 46 uses use VBZ 1844 94 47 a a DT 1844 94 48 different different JJ 1844 94 49 strategy strategy NN 1844 94 50 for for IN 1844 94 51 data data NN 1844 94 52 reconstruction reconstruction NN 1844 94 53 and and CC 1844 94 54 could could MD 1844 94 55 be be VB 1844 94 56 implemented implement VBN 1844 94 57 in in IN 1844 94 58 a a DT 1844 94 59 distributed distributed JJ 1844 94 60 environment environment NN 1844 94 61 using use VBG 1844 94 62 from from IN 1844 94 63 2 2 CD 1844 94 64 to to IN 1844 94 65 n n CC 1844 94 66 storage storage NN 1844 94 67 servers server NNS 1844 94 68 . . . 1844 95 1 PERFORMANCE performance NN 1844 95 2 EVALUATION EVALUATION VBD 1844 95 3 We -PRON- PRP 1844 95 4 implemented implement VBD 1844 95 5 and and CC 1844 95 6 used use VBD 1844 95 7 a a DT 1844 95 8 prototype prototype NN 1844 95 9 of of IN 1844 95 10 this this DT 1844 95 11 architecture architecture NN 1844 95 12 as as IN 1844 95 13 the the DT 1844 95 14 evaluation evaluation NN 1844 95 15 scenario scenario NN 1844 95 16 . . . 1844 96 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 96 2 includes include VBZ 1844 96 3 five five CD 1844 96 4 commercial commercial JJ 1844 96 5 PCs pc NNS 1844 96 6 ( ( -LRB- 1844 96 7 commodity commodity NN 1844 96 8 ) ) -RRB- 1844 96 9 , , , 1844 96 10 whose whose WP$ 1844 96 11 characteristics characteristic NNS 1844 96 12 are be VBP 1844 96 13 shown show VBN 1844 96 14 in in IN 1844 96 15 the the DT 1844 96 16 first first JJ 1844 96 17 section section NN 1844 96 18 of of IN 1844 96 19 table table NN 1844 96 20 1 1 CD 1844 96 21 . . . 1844 97 1 The the DT 1844 97 2 features feature NNS 1844 97 3 of of IN 1844 97 4 the the DT 1844 97 5 VMs vm NNS 1844 97 6 that that WDT 1844 97 7 were be VBD 1844 97 8 instantiated instantiate VBN 1844 97 9 on on IN 1844 97 10 these these DT 1844 97 11 PCs pc NNS 1844 97 12 are be VBP 1844 97 13 shown show VBN 1844 97 14 in in IN 1844 97 15 the the DT 1844 97 16 second second JJ 1844 97 17 section section NN 1844 97 18 of of IN 1844 97 19 table table NN 1844 97 20 1 1 CD 1844 97 21 . . . 1844 98 1 Physical Physical NNP 1844 98 2 Machines Machines NNPS 1844 98 3 PCs pc NNS 1844 98 4 Cores core VBZ 1844 98 5 Memory Memory NNP 1844 98 6 Hard hard JJ 1844 98 7 disk disk NN 1844 98 8 Network Network NNP 1844 98 9 1 1 CD 1844 98 10 pc pc NN 1844 98 11 4 4 CD 1844 98 12 4 4 CD 1844 98 13 Gb gb POS 1844 98 14 640 640 CD 1844 98 15 Gb Gb NNP 1844 98 16 Ethernet Ethernet NNP 1844 98 17 10/100 10/100 CD 1844 98 18 4 4 CD 1844 98 19 pc pc NN 1844 98 20 2 2 CD 1844 98 21 2 2 CD 1844 98 22 Gb Gb NNP 1844 98 23 250 250 CD 1844 98 24 Gb Gb NNS 1844 98 25 Ethernet ethernet NN 1844 98 26 10/100 10/100 CD 1844 98 27 Virtual Virtual NNP 1844 98 28 Machines Machines NNPS 1844 98 29 8 8 CD 1844 98 30 vm vm CC 1844 98 31 1 1 CD 1844 98 32 1 1 CD 1844 98 33 Gb gb POS 1844 98 34 1 1 CD 1844 98 35 Gb Gb NNP 1844 98 36 Virtual Virtual NNP 1844 98 37 Ethernet Ethernet NNP 1844 98 38 1 1 CD 1844 98 39 vm vm CC 1844 98 40 1 1 CD 1844 98 41 128 128 CD 1844 98 42 Mb mb NN 1844 98 43 1 1 CD 1844 98 44 Gb Gb NNP 1844 98 45 Virtual virtual JJ 1844 98 46 Ethernet ethernet NN 1844 98 47 Table table NN 1844 98 48 1 1 CD 1844 98 49 . . . 1844 99 1 Characteristics Characteristics NNP 1844 99 2 of of IN 1844 99 3 the the DT 1844 99 4 Physical Physical NNP 1844 99 5 PCs pc NNS 1844 99 6 and and CC 1844 99 7 VMs vm NNS 1844 99 8 Used use VBN 1844 99 9 in in IN 1844 99 10 the the DT 1844 99 11 Private Private NNP 1844 99 12 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 99 13 We -PRON- PRP 1844 99 14 created create VBD 1844 99 15 nine nine CD 1844 99 16 VMs vm NNS 1844 99 17 in in IN 1844 99 18 a a DT 1844 99 19 private private JJ 1844 99 20 cloud cloud NN 1844 99 21 environment environment NN 1844 99 22 for for IN 1844 99 23 this this DT 1844 99 24 evaluation evaluation NN 1844 99 25 . . . 1844 100 1 To to TO 1844 100 2 build build VB 1844 100 3 and and CC 1844 100 4 test test VB 1844 100 5 a a DT 1844 100 6 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 100 7 cloud cloud NN 1844 100 8 environment environment NN 1844 100 9 , , , 1844 100 10 it -PRON- PRP 1844 100 11 was be VBD 1844 100 12 necessary necessary JJ 1844 100 13 to to TO 1844 100 14 access access VB 1844 100 15 a a DT 1844 100 16 public public JJ 1844 100 17 - - HYPH 1844 100 18 storage storage NN 1844 100 19 cloud cloud NN 1844 100 20 ( ( -LRB- 1844 100 21 third third JJ 1844 100 22 - - HYPH 1844 100 23 party party NN 1844 100 24 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 100 25 ) ) -RRB- 1844 100 26 . . . 1844 101 1 We -PRON- PRP 1844 101 2 used use VBD 1844 101 3 two two CD 1844 101 4 public public JJ 1844 101 5 storage storage NN 1844 101 6 providers provider NNS 1844 101 7 in in IN 1844 101 8 this this DT 1844 101 9 experiment experiment NN 1844 101 10 : : : 1844 101 11 Dropbox Dropbox NNP 1844 101 12 and and CC 1844 101 13 Phoenix Phoenix NNP 1844 101 14 ( ( -LRB- 1844 101 15 also also RB 1844 101 16 known know VBN 1844 101 17 as as IN 1844 101 18 TreeStore).9 TreeStore).9 NNP 1844 101 19 DAM DAM NNP 1844 101 20 also also RB 1844 101 21 was be VBD 1844 101 22 responsible responsible JJ 1844 101 23 for for IN 1844 101 24 offering offer VBG 1844 101 25 transparent transparent JJ 1844 101 26 access access NN 1844 101 27 to to IN 1844 101 28 the the DT 1844 101 29 external external JJ 1844 101 30 storage storage NN 1844 101 31 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 101 32 . . . 1844 102 1 Both both DT 1844 102 2 providers provider NNS 1844 102 3 required require VBD 1844 102 4 valid valid JJ 1844 102 5 user user NN 1844 102 6 credentials credential NNS 1844 102 7 on on IN 1844 102 8 a a DT 1844 102 9 per per IN 1844 102 10 - - HYPH 1844 102 11 request request NN 1844 102 12 basis basis NN 1844 102 13 . . . 1844 103 1 The the DT 1844 103 2 Dropbox Dropbox NNP 1844 103 3 INFORMATION INFORMATION VBD 1844 103 4 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 1844 103 5 AND and CC 1844 103 6 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 1844 103 7 | | NNP 1844 103 8 DECEMBER DECEMBER NNP 1844 103 9 2012 2012 CD 1844 103 10 39 39 CD 1844 103 11 API api NN 1844 103 12 additionally additionally RB 1844 103 13 requires require VBZ 1844 103 14 a a DT 1844 103 15 developer developer NN 1844 103 16 key key NN 1844 103 17 . . . 1844 104 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 104 2 is be VBZ 1844 104 3 relevant relevant JJ 1844 104 4 to to TO 1844 104 5 note note VB 1844 104 6 that that IN 1844 104 7 Dropbox Dropbox NNP 1844 104 8 also also RB 1844 104 9 is be VBZ 1844 104 10 able able JJ 1844 104 11 to to TO 1844 104 12 keep keep VB 1844 104 13 files file NNS 1844 104 14 in in IN 1844 104 15 the the DT 1844 104 16 Amazon Amazon NNP 1844 104 17 S3 S3 NNP 1844 104 18 storage storage NN 1844 104 19 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 104 20 . . . 1844 105 1 We -PRON- PRP 1844 105 2 emulated emulate VBD 1844 105 3 different different JJ 1844 105 4 workloads workload NNS 1844 105 5 , , , 1844 105 6 running run VBG 1844 105 7 concurrent concurrent JJ 1844 105 8 client client NN 1844 105 9 applications application NNS 1844 105 10 that that WDT 1844 105 11 sent send VBD 1844 105 12 many many JJ 1844 105 13 parallel parallel JJ 1844 105 14 file file NN 1844 105 15 upload upload JJ 1844 105 16 and and CC 1844 105 17 download download JJ 1844 105 18 requests request NNS 1844 105 19 to to IN 1844 105 20 our -PRON- PRP$ 1844 105 21 cloud cloud NN 1844 105 22 - - HYPH 1844 105 23 storage storage NN 1844 105 24 prototype prototype NN 1844 105 25 . . . 1844 106 1 The the DT 1844 106 2 private private JJ 1844 106 3 - - HYPH 1844 106 4 storage storage NN 1844 106 5 cloud cloud NN 1844 106 6 configuration configuration NN 1844 106 7 was be VBD 1844 106 8 first first RB 1844 106 9 tested test VBN 1844 106 10 by by IN 1844 106 11 receiving receive VBG 1844 106 12 50 50 CD 1844 106 13 , , , 1844 106 14 100 100 CD 1844 106 15 , , , 1844 106 16 and and CC 1844 106 17 150 150 CD 1844 106 18 parallel parallel JJ 1844 106 19 requests request NNS 1844 106 20 . . . 1844 107 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 107 2 is be VBZ 1844 107 3 worth worth JJ 1844 107 4 mentioning mention VBG 1844 107 5 that that IN 1844 107 6 when when WRB 1844 107 7 testing test VBG 1844 107 8 the the DT 1844 107 9 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 107 10 cloud cloud NN 1844 107 11 configuration configuration NN 1844 107 12 , , , 1844 107 13 it -PRON- PRP 1844 107 14 was be VBD 1844 107 15 not not RB 1844 107 16 possible possible JJ 1844 107 17 to to TO 1844 107 18 send send VB 1844 107 19 the the DT 1844 107 20 same same JJ 1844 107 21 number number NN 1844 107 22 of of IN 1844 107 23 parallel parallel JJ 1844 107 24 requests request NNS 1844 107 25 used use VBN 1844 107 26 in in IN 1844 107 27 the the DT 1844 107 28 private private JJ 1844 107 29 configuration configuration NN 1844 107 30 . . . 1844 108 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 108 2 was be VBD 1844 108 3 necessary necessary JJ 1844 108 4 to to TO 1844 108 5 decrease decrease VB 1844 108 6 this this DT 1844 108 7 number number NN 1844 108 8 because because IN 1844 108 9 the the DT 1844 108 10 public public JJ 1844 108 11 cloud cloud NN 1844 108 12 - - HYPH 1844 108 13 storage storage NN 1844 108 14 providers provider NNS 1844 108 15 ( ( -LRB- 1844 108 16 Dropbox Dropbox NNP 1844 108 17 and and CC 1844 108 18 TreeStore TreeStore NNP 1844 108 19 ) ) -RRB- 1844 108 20 could could MD 1844 108 21 view view VB 1844 108 22 parallel parallel JJ 1844 108 23 requests request NNS 1844 108 24 of of IN 1844 108 25 the the DT 1844 108 26 same same JJ 1844 108 27 number number NN 1844 108 28 as as IN 1844 108 29 an an DT 1844 108 30 attack attack NN 1844 108 31 against against IN 1844 108 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 1844 108 33 servers server NNS 1844 108 34 and and CC 1844 108 35 , , , 1844 108 36 consequently consequently RB 1844 108 37 , , , 1844 108 38 block block VB 1844 108 39 the the DT 1844 108 40 service service NN 1844 108 41 . . . 1844 109 1 Since since IN 1844 109 2 we -PRON- PRP 1844 109 3 were be VBD 1844 109 4 more more RBR 1844 109 5 interested interested JJ 1844 109 6 in in IN 1844 109 7 having have VBG 1844 109 8 a a DT 1844 109 9 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 109 10 cloud cloud NN 1844 109 11 scenario scenario NN 1844 109 12 than than IN 1844 109 13 in in IN 1844 109 14 comparing compare VBG 1844 109 15 public public NN 1844 109 16 vs. vs. IN 1844 109 17 private private JJ 1844 109 18 cloud cloud NN 1844 109 19 , , , 1844 109 20 we -PRON- PRP 1844 109 21 decided decide VBD 1844 109 22 to to TO 1844 109 23 send send VB 1844 109 24 only only RB 1844 109 25 10 10 CD 1844 109 26 , , , 1844 109 27 20 20 CD 1844 109 28 , , , 1844 109 29 and and CC 1844 109 30 30 30 CD 1844 109 31 parallel parallel JJ 1844 109 32 requests request NNS 1844 109 33 to to IN 1844 109 34 the the DT 1844 109 35 public public JJ 1844 109 36 storage storage NN 1844 109 37 in in IN 1844 109 38 the the DT 1844 109 39 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 109 40 cloud cloud NN 1844 109 41 configuration configuration NN 1844 109 42 . . . 1844 110 1 The the DT 1844 110 2 private private JJ 1844 110 3 and and CC 1844 110 4 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 110 5 ( ( -LRB- 1844 110 6 private private JJ 1844 110 7 + + SYM 1844 110 8 public public JJ 1844 110 9 ) ) -RRB- 1844 110 10 cloud cloud NN 1844 110 11 - - HYPH 1844 110 12 storage storage NN 1844 110 13 scenario scenario NN 1844 110 14 was be VBD 1844 110 15 designed design VBN 1844 110 16 to to TO 1844 110 17 evaluate evaluate VB 1844 110 18 the the DT 1844 110 19 impact impact NN 1844 110 20 of of IN 1844 110 21 having have VBG 1844 110 22 an an DT 1844 110 23 elastic elastic JJ 1844 110 24 service service NN 1844 110 25 and and CC 1844 110 26 the the DT 1844 110 27 behavior behavior NN 1844 110 28 of of IN 1844 110 29 the the DT 1844 110 30 cloud- cloud- NNP 1844 110 31 storage storage NN 1844 110 32 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 110 33 when when WRB 1844 110 34 applying apply VBG 1844 110 35 different different JJ 1844 110 36 replication replication NN 1844 110 37 techniques technique NNS 1844 110 38 to to TO 1844 110 39 offer offer VB 1844 110 40 several several JJ 1844 110 41 levels level NNS 1844 110 42 of of IN 1844 110 43 data datum NNS 1844 110 44 availability availability NN 1844 110 45 . . . 1844 111 1 The the DT 1844 111 2 Impact Impact NNP 1844 111 3 of of IN 1844 111 4 Having have VBG 1844 111 5 an an DT 1844 111 6 Elastic Elastic NNP 1844 111 7 Service Service NNP 1844 111 8 This this DT 1844 111 9 section section NN 1844 111 10 presents present VBZ 1844 111 11 a a DT 1844 111 12 comparison comparison NN 1844 111 13 between between IN 1844 111 14 an an DT 1844 111 15 elastic elastic JJ 1844 111 16 storage storage NN 1844 111 17 service service NN 1844 111 18 ( ( -LRB- 1844 111 19 using use VBG 1844 111 20 virtual virtual JJ 1844 111 21 machines machine NNS 1844 111 22 ) ) -RRB- 1844 111 23 and and CC 1844 111 24 a a DT 1844 111 25 fixed fix VBN 1844 111 26 storage storage NN 1844 111 27 service service NN 1844 111 28 ( ( -LRB- 1844 111 29 using use VBG 1844 111 30 only only RB 1844 111 31 a a DT 1844 111 32 physical physical JJ 1844 111 33 machine machine NN 1844 111 34 ) ) -RRB- 1844 111 35 . . . 1844 112 1 In in IN 1844 112 2 the the DT 1844 112 3 elastic elastic JJ 1844 112 4 service service NN 1844 112 5 , , , 1844 112 6 a a DT 1844 112 7 new new JJ 1844 112 8 VM VM NNP 1844 112 9 is be VBZ 1844 112 10 instantiated instantiate VBN 1844 112 11 when when WRB 1844 112 12 a a DT 1844 112 13 workload workload NN 1844 112 14 exceeds exceed VBZ 1844 112 15 a a DT 1844 112 16 defined define VBN 1844 112 17 upper upper JJ 1844 112 18 threshold threshold NN 1844 112 19 . . . 1844 113 1 In in IN 1844 113 2 the the DT 1844 113 3 opposite opposite JJ 1844 113 4 situation situation NN 1844 113 5 ( ( -LRB- 1844 113 6 when when WRB 1844 113 7 the the DT 1844 113 8 response response NN 1844 113 9 time time NN 1844 113 10 is be VBZ 1844 113 11 shorter short JJR 1844 113 12 than than IN 1844 113 13 a a DT 1844 113 14 lower low JJR 1844 113 15 threshold threshold NN 1844 113 16 ) ) -RRB- 1844 113 17 , , , 1844 113 18 a a DT 1844 113 19 VM VM NNP 1844 113 20 is be VBZ 1844 113 21 released release VBN 1844 113 22 . . . 1844 114 1 Several several JJ 1844 114 2 response response NN 1844 114 3 - - HYPH 1844 114 4 time time NN 1844 114 5 restrictions restriction NNS 1844 114 6 were be VBD 1844 114 7 configured configure VBN 1844 114 8 during during IN 1844 114 9 this this DT 1844 114 10 evaluation evaluation NN 1844 114 11 to to TO 1844 114 12 determine determine VB 1844 114 13 the the DT 1844 114 14 best good JJS 1844 114 15 time time NN 1844 114 16 to to TO 1844 114 17 instantiate instantiate VB 1844 114 18 or or CC 1844 114 19 release release VB 1844 114 20 a a DT 1844 114 21 VM vm NN 1844 114 22 . . . 1844 115 1 The the DT 1844 115 2 evaluation evaluation NN 1844 115 3 used use VBD 1844 115 4 different different JJ 1844 115 5 workloads workload NNS 1844 115 6 generated generate VBN 1844 115 7 by by IN 1844 115 8 Autobench.12 autobench.12 NN 1844 115 9 A a DT 1844 115 10 physical physical JJ 1844 115 11 machine machine NN 1844 115 12 with with IN 1844 115 13 a a DT 1844 115 14 single single JJ 1844 115 15 hard hard JJ 1844 115 16 disk disk NN 1844 115 17 receiving receive VBG 1844 115 18 an an DT 1844 115 19 increasing increase VBG 1844 115 20 workload workload NN 1844 115 21 was be VBD 1844 115 22 compared compare VBN 1844 115 23 with with IN 1844 115 24 the the DT 1844 115 25 same same JJ 1844 115 26 physical physical JJ 1844 115 27 machine machine NN 1844 115 28 that that WDT 1844 115 29 incrementally incrementally RB 1844 115 30 instantiated instantiate VBD 1844 115 31 a a DT 1844 115 32 set set NN 1844 115 33 of of IN 1844 115 34 VMs vm NNS 1844 115 35 running run VBG 1844 115 36 the the DT 1844 115 37 same same JJ 1844 115 38 workload workload NN 1844 115 39 . . . 1844 116 1 For for IN 1844 116 2 this this DT 1844 116 3 test test NN 1844 116 4 , , , 1844 116 5 the the DT 1844 116 6 workload workload NN 1844 116 7 consisted consist VBD 1844 116 8 of of IN 1844 116 9 a a DT 1844 116 10 set set NN 1844 116 11 of of IN 1844 116 12 requests request NNS 1844 116 13 of of IN 1844 116 14 a a DT 1844 116 15 dynamically dynamically RB 1844 116 16 generated generate VBN 1844 116 17 PHP PHP NNP 1844 116 18 webpage webpage NN 1844 116 19 . . . 1844 117 1 This this DT 1844 117 2 webpage webpage NN 1844 117 3 emulated emulate VBD 1844 117 4 the the DT 1844 117 5 processing processing NN 1844 117 6 time time NN 1844 117 7 on on IN 1844 117 8 a a DT 1844 117 9 server server NN 1844 117 10 by by IN 1844 117 11 running run VBG 1844 117 12 a a DT 1844 117 13 sorting sort VBG 1844 117 14 algorithm algorithm NN 1844 117 15 ( ( -LRB- 1844 117 16 bubble bubble NN 1844 117 17 type type NN 1844 117 18 ) ) -RRB- 1844 117 19 . . . 1844 118 1 Different different JJ 1844 118 2 levels level NNS 1844 118 3 of of IN 1844 118 4 load load NN 1844 118 5 were be VBD 1844 118 6 emulated emulate VBN 1844 118 7 by by IN 1844 118 8 sending send VBG 1844 118 9 variable variable JJ 1844 118 10 - - HYPH 1844 118 11 size size NN 1844 118 12 lists list NNS 1844 118 13 of of IN 1844 118 14 elements element NNS 1844 118 15 that that WDT 1844 118 16 had have VBD 1844 118 17 to to TO 1844 118 18 be be VB 1844 118 19 sorted sort VBN 1844 118 20 by by IN 1844 118 21 the the DT 1844 118 22 server server NN 1844 118 23 process process NN 1844 118 24 . . . 1844 119 1 The the DT 1844 119 2 results result NNS 1844 119 3 are be VBP 1844 119 4 shown show VBN 1844 119 5 in in IN 1844 119 6 figure figure NN 1844 119 7 2 2 CD 1844 119 8 . . . 1844 120 1 The the DT 1844 120 2 vertical vertical JJ 1844 120 3 axis axi NNS 1844 120 4 represents represent VBZ 1844 120 5 the the DT 1844 120 6 average average JJ 1844 120 7 response response NN 1844 120 8 time time NN 1844 120 9 ( ( -LRB- 1844 120 10 in in IN 1844 120 11 seconds second NNS 1844 120 12 ) ) -RRB- 1844 120 13 after after IN 1844 120 14 sending send VBG 1844 120 15 different different JJ 1844 120 16 requests request NNS 1844 120 17 to to IN 1844 120 18 the the DT 1844 120 19 storage storage NN 1844 120 20 service service NN 1844 120 21 . . . 1844 121 1 The the DT 1844 121 2 horizontal horizontal JJ 1844 121 3 axis axi NNS 1844 121 4 represents represent VBZ 1844 121 5 the the DT 1844 121 6 evaluation evaluation NN 1844 121 7 time time NN 1844 121 8 ( ( -LRB- 1844 121 9 500 500 CD 1844 121 10 seconds second NNS 1844 121 11 ) ) -RRB- 1844 121 12 , , , 1844 121 13 which which WDT 1844 121 14 was be VBD 1844 121 15 the the DT 1844 121 16 period period NN 1844 121 17 of of IN 1844 121 18 time time NN 1844 121 19 different different JJ 1844 121 20 clients client NNS 1844 121 21 were be VBD 1844 121 22 sending send VBG 1844 121 23 requests request NNS 1844 121 24 to to IN 1844 121 25 the the DT 1844 121 26 storage storage NN 1844 121 27 service service NN 1844 121 28 . . . 1844 122 1 The the DT 1844 122 2 Fixed fixed JJ 1844 122 3 line line NN 1844 122 4 indicates indicate VBZ 1844 122 5 the the DT 1844 122 6 performance performance NN 1844 122 7 when when WRB 1844 122 8 the the DT 1844 122 9 service service NN 1844 122 10 load load NN 1844 122 11 balancer balancer NNP 1844 122 12 accessed access VBD 1844 122 13 one one CD 1844 122 14 physical physical JJ 1844 122 15 machine machine NN 1844 122 16 ( ( -LRB- 1844 122 17 i.e. i.e. FW 1844 122 18 , , , 1844 122 19 the the DT 1844 122 20 fixed fix VBN 1844 122 21 storage storage NN 1844 122 22 service service NN 1844 122 23 ) ) -RRB- 1844 122 24 . . . 1844 123 1 The the DT 1844 123 2 Elastic elastic JJ 1844 123 3 line line NN 1844 123 4 represents represent VBZ 1844 123 5 the the DT 1844 123 6 performance performance NN 1844 123 7 when when WRB 1844 123 8 the the DT 1844 123 9 service service NN 1844 123 10 load load NN 1844 123 11 balancer balancer NN 1844 123 12 accessed access VBD 1844 123 13 one one CD 1844 123 14 to to IN 1844 123 15 three three CD 1844 123 16 VM VM NNP 1844 123 17 instantiations instantiation NNS 1844 123 18 in in IN 1844 123 19 the the DT 1844 123 20 same same JJ 1844 123 21 physical physical JJ 1844 123 22 machine machine NN 1844 123 23 ( ( -LRB- 1844 123 24 i.e. i.e. FW 1844 123 25 , , , 1844 123 26 the the DT 1844 123 27 elastic elastic JJ 1844 123 28 service service NN 1844 123 29 ) ) -RRB- 1844 123 30 . . . 1844 124 1 The the DT 1844 124 2 instantiation instantiation NN 1844 124 3 and and CC 1844 124 4 activation activation NN 1844 124 5 time time NN 1844 124 6 ( ( -LRB- 1844 124 7 called call VBN 1844 124 8 the the DT 1844 124 9 Deployment Deployment NNP 1844 124 10 time time NN 1844 124 11 ) ) -RRB- 1844 124 12 of of IN 1844 124 13 a a DT 1844 124 14 new new JJ 1844 124 15 VM vm NN 1844 124 16 was be VBD 1844 124 17 between between IN 1844 124 18 sixty sixty CD 1844 124 19 and and CC 1844 124 20 ninety ninety CD 1844 124 21 seconds second NNS 1844 124 22 . . . 1844 125 1 At at IN 1844 125 2 the the DT 1844 125 3 beginning beginning NN 1844 125 4 of of IN 1844 125 5 the the DT 1844 125 6 test test NN 1844 125 7 , , , 1844 125 8 when when WRB 1844 125 9 the the DT 1844 125 10 workload workload NN 1844 125 11 is be VBZ 1844 125 12 low low JJ 1844 125 13 , , , 1844 125 14 the the DT 1844 125 15 response response NN 1844 125 16 time time NN 1844 125 17 offered offer VBN 1844 125 18 by by IN 1844 125 19 the the DT 1844 125 20 fixed fix VBN 1844 125 21 service service NN 1844 125 22 ( ( -LRB- 1844 125 23 running run VBG 1844 125 24 only only RB 1844 125 25 on on IN 1844 125 26 one one CD 1844 125 27 physical physical JJ 1844 125 28 machine machine NN 1844 125 29 ) ) -RRB- 1844 125 30 is be VBZ 1844 125 31 better well JJR 1844 125 32 — — : 1844 125 33 in in IN 1844 125 34 some some DT 1844 125 35 cases case NNS 1844 125 36 up up IN 1844 125 37 to to IN 1844 125 38 four four CD 1844 125 39 or or CC 1844 125 40 five five CD 1844 125 41 orders order NNS 1844 125 42 of of IN 1844 125 43 magnitude magnitude NN 1844 125 44 — — : 1844 125 45 than than IN 1844 125 46 that that DT 1844 125 47 obtained obtain VBN 1844 125 48 in in IN 1844 125 49 the the DT 1844 125 50 execution execution NN 1844 125 51 of of IN 1844 125 52 the the DT 1844 125 53 service service NN 1844 125 54 accessing access VBG 1844 125 55 only only RB 1844 125 56 one one CD 1844 125 57 virtual virtual JJ 1844 125 58 A a DT 1844 125 59 FILE FILE NNP 1844 125 60 STORAGE STORAGE NNP 1844 125 61 SERVICE service NN 1844 125 62 ON on IN 1844 125 63 A a DT 1844 125 64 CLOUD cloud JJ 1844 125 65 COMPUTING computing NN 1844 125 66 ENVIRONMENT environment NN 1844 125 67 FOR for IN 1844 125 68 DIGITAL DIGITAL NNP 1844 125 69 LIBRARIES library NNS 1844 125 70 | | NNP 1844 125 71 SOSA SOSA NNP 1844 125 72 - - HYPH 1844 125 73 SOSA SOSA NNP 1844 125 74 40 40 CD 1844 125 75 machine machine NN 1844 125 76 . . . 1844 126 1 However however RB 1844 126 2 , , , 1844 126 3 the the DT 1844 126 4 elastic elastic JJ 1844 126 5 service service NN 1844 126 6 improved improve VBD 1844 126 7 the the DT 1844 126 8 response response NN 1844 126 9 time time NN 1844 126 10 by by IN 1844 126 11 including include VBG 1844 126 12 more more JJR 1844 126 13 VMs vm NNS 1844 126 14 in in IN 1844 126 15 the the DT 1844 126 16 same same JJ 1844 126 17 physical physical JJ 1844 126 18 machine machine NN 1844 126 19 . . . 1844 127 1 Figure figure NN 1844 127 2 2 2 CD 1844 127 3 . . . 1844 128 1 Performance Performance NNP 1844 128 2 Comparison comparison NN 1844 128 3 between between IN 1844 128 4 a a DT 1844 128 5 Fixed fixed JJ 1844 128 6 and and CC 1844 128 7 Elastic Elastic NNP 1844 128 8 Storage Storage NNP 1844 128 9 Service Service NNP 1844 128 10 Response Response NNP 1844 128 11 times time NNS 1844 128 12 of of IN 1844 128 13 fifteen fifteen CD 1844 128 14 seconds second NNS 1844 128 15 and and CC 1844 128 16 five five CD 1844 128 17 seconds second NNS 1844 128 18 were be VBD 1844 128 19 defined define VBN 1844 128 20 as as IN 1844 128 21 the the DT 1844 128 22 upper upper JJ 1844 128 23 and and CC 1844 128 24 lower low JJR 1844 128 25 threshold threshold NN 1844 128 26 , , , 1844 128 27 respectively respectively RB 1844 128 28 . . . 1844 129 1 Figure figure NN 1844 129 2 2 2 CD 1844 129 3 shows show VBZ 1844 129 4 how how WRB 1844 129 5 the the DT 1844 129 6 response response NN 1844 129 7 time time NN 1844 129 8 in in IN 1844 129 9 the the DT 1844 129 10 elastic elastic JJ 1844 129 11 service service NN 1844 129 12 had have VBD 1844 129 13 a a DT 1844 129 14 considerable considerable JJ 1844 129 15 reduction reduction NN 1844 129 16 over over IN 1844 129 17 the the DT 1844 129 18 course course NN 1844 129 19 of of IN 1844 129 20 the the DT 1844 129 21 test test NN 1844 129 22 . . . 1844 130 1 This this DT 1844 130 2 behavior behavior NN 1844 130 3 was be VBD 1844 130 4 caused cause VBN 1844 130 5 by by IN 1844 130 6 the the DT 1844 130 7 new new JJ 1844 130 8 VMs vm NNS 1844 130 9 that that WDT 1844 130 10 were be VBD 1844 130 11 instantiated instantiate VBN 1844 130 12 in in IN 1844 130 13 the the DT 1844 130 14 storage storage NN 1844 130 15 service service NN 1844 130 16 and and CC 1844 130 17 taken take VBN 1844 130 18 into into IN 1844 130 19 account account NN 1844 130 20 by by IN 1844 130 21 the the DT 1844 130 22 load load NN 1844 130 23 balancer balancer NN 1844 130 24 . . . 1844 131 1 At at IN 1844 131 2 the the DT 1844 131 3 end end NN 1844 131 4 of of IN 1844 131 5 this this DT 1844 131 6 evaluation evaluation NN 1844 131 7 , , , 1844 131 8 the the DT 1844 131 9 elastic elastic JJ 1844 131 10 service service NN 1844 131 11 was be VBD 1844 131 12 able able JJ 1844 131 13 to to TO 1844 131 14 finish finish VB 1844 131 15 the the DT 1844 131 16 workload workload NN 1844 131 17 offering offer VBG 1844 131 18 good good JJ 1844 131 19 response response NN 1844 131 20 times time NNS 1844 131 21 , , , 1844 131 22 while while IN 1844 131 23 the the DT 1844 131 24 fixed fix VBN 1844 131 25 service service NN 1844 131 26 collapsed collapse VBD 1844 131 27 and and CC 1844 131 28 could could MD 1844 131 29 not not RB 1844 131 30 finish finish VB 1844 131 31 all all DT 1844 131 32 of of IN 1844 131 33 the the DT 1844 131 34 requests request NNS 1844 131 35 sent send VBN 1844 131 36 by by IN 1844 131 37 the the DT 1844 131 38 client client NN 1844 131 39 . . . 1844 132 1 Evaluation evaluation NN 1844 132 2 of of IN 1844 132 3 Different different JJ 1844 132 4 Replication replication NN 1844 132 5 Techniques technique NNS 1844 132 6 With with IN 1844 132 7 DAM DAM NNP 1844 132 8 , , , 1844 132 9 it -PRON- PRP 1844 132 10 is be VBZ 1844 132 11 possible possible JJ 1844 132 12 to to TO 1844 132 13 define define VB 1844 132 14 the the DT 1844 132 15 level level NN 1844 132 16 of of IN 1844 132 17 data datum NNS 1844 132 18 availability availability NN 1844 132 19 in in IN 1844 132 20 the the DT 1844 132 21 cloud cloud NN 1844 132 22 - - HYPH 1844 132 23 storage storage NN 1844 132 24 prototype prototype NN 1844 132 25 by by IN 1844 132 26 applying apply VBG 1844 132 27 different different JJ 1844 132 28 replication replication NN 1844 132 29 techniques technique NNS 1844 132 30 . . . 1844 133 1 We -PRON- PRP 1844 133 2 defined define VBD 1844 133 3 a a DT 1844 133 4 benchmark benchmark NN 1844 133 5 to to TO 1844 133 6 evaluate evaluate VB 1844 133 7 the the DT 1844 133 8 benefits benefit NNS 1844 133 9 when when WRB 1844 133 10 using use VBG 1844 133 11 a a DT 1844 133 12 distributed distribute VBN 1844 133 13 storage storage NN 1844 133 14 system system NN 1844 133 15 compared compare VBN 1844 133 16 with with IN 1844 133 17 a a DT 1844 133 18 centralized centralized JJ 1844 133 19 version version NN 1844 133 20 . . . 1844 134 1 In in IN 1844 134 2 the the DT 1844 134 3 centralized centralized JJ 1844 134 4 version version NN 1844 134 5 , , , 1844 134 6 DAM DAM NNP 1844 134 7 had have VBD 1844 134 8 access access NN 1844 134 9 to to IN 1844 134 10 a a DT 1844 134 11 single single JJ 1844 134 12 disk disk NN 1844 134 13 using use VBG 1844 134 14 only only RB 1844 134 15 one one CD 1844 134 16 VM VM NNP 1844 134 17 ( ( -LRB- 1844 134 18 emulating emulate VBG 1844 134 19 a a DT 1844 134 20 centralized centralized JJ 1844 134 21 process process NN 1844 134 22 ) ) -RRB- 1844 134 23 with with IN 1844 134 24 a a DT 1844 134 25 single single JJ 1844 134 26 file file NN 1844 134 27 server server NN 1844 134 28 ( ( -LRB- 1844 134 29 emulating emulate VBG 1844 134 30 centralized centralize VBN 1844 134 31 storage storage NN 1844 134 32 ) ) -RRB- 1844 134 33 . . . 1844 135 1 The the DT 1844 135 2 distributed distribute VBN 1844 135 3 version version NN 1844 135 4 considered consider VBD 1844 135 5 the the DT 1844 135 6 use use NN 1844 135 7 of of IN 1844 135 8 distributed distribute VBN 1844 135 9 processes process NNS 1844 135 10 ( ( -LRB- 1844 135 11 eight eight CD 1844 135 12 VMs vm NNS 1844 135 13 ) ) -RRB- 1844 135 14 accessing access VBG 1844 135 15 a a DT 1844 135 16 distributed distribute VBN 1844 135 17 storage storage NN 1844 135 18 system system NN 1844 135 19 ( ( -LRB- 1844 135 20 five five CD 1844 135 21 disks disk NNS 1844 135 22 distributed distribute VBN 1844 135 23 on on IN 1844 135 24 different different JJ 1844 135 25 storage storage NN 1844 135 26 servers server NNS 1844 135 27 encapsulated encapsulate VBN 1844 135 28 by by IN 1844 135 29 DAM DAM NNP 1844 135 30 ) ) -RRB- 1844 135 31 . . . 1844 136 1 Since since IN 1844 136 2 the the DT 1844 136 3 replication replication NN 1844 136 4 with with IN 1844 136 5 the the DT 1844 136 6 IDA IDA NNP 1844 136 7 technique technique NN 1844 136 8 is be VBZ 1844 136 9 attractive attractive JJ 1844 136 10 for for IN 1844 136 11 a a DT 1844 136 12 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 136 13 cloud cloud NN 1844 136 14 service service NN 1844 136 15 , , , 1844 136 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 1844 136 17 behavior behavior NN 1844 136 18 was be VBD 1844 136 19 compared compare VBN 1844 136 20 in in IN 1844 136 21 both both DT 1844 136 22 cases case NNS 1844 136 23 : : : 1844 136 24 when when WRB 1844 136 25 it -PRON- PRP 1844 136 26 is be VBZ 1844 136 27 only only RB 1844 136 28 accessing access VBG 1844 136 29 a a DT 1844 136 30 private private JJ 1844 136 31 storage storage NN 1844 136 32 cloud cloud NN 1844 136 33 and and CC 1844 136 34 when when WRB 1844 136 35 it -PRON- PRP 1844 136 36 is be VBZ 1844 136 37 accessing access VBG 1844 136 38 both both CC 1844 136 39 a a DT 1844 136 40 private private JJ 1844 136 41 and and CC 1844 136 42 a a DT 1844 136 43 public public JJ 1844 136 44 storage storage NN 1844 136 45 cloud cloud NN 1844 136 46 ( ( -LRB- 1844 136 47 hybrid hybrid NNP 1844 136 48 model model NN 1844 136 49 ) ) -RRB- 1844 136 50 . . . 1844 137 1 Two two CD 1844 137 2 main main JJ 1844 137 3 metrics metric NNS 1844 137 4 were be VBD 1844 137 5 taken take VBN 1844 137 6 into into IN 1844 137 7 account account NN 1844 137 8 for for IN 1844 137 9 these these DT 1844 137 10 experiments experiment NNS 1844 137 11 . . . 1844 138 1 The the DT 1844 138 2 first first JJ 1844 138 3 was be VBD 1844 138 4 response response NN 1844 138 5 time time NN 1844 138 6 , , , 1844 138 7 the the DT 1844 138 8 time time NN 1844 138 9 from from IN 1844 138 10 when when WRB 1844 138 11 the the DT 1844 138 12 user user NN 1844 138 13 clicks click VBZ 1844 138 14 on on IN 1844 138 15 the the DT 1844 138 16 button button NN 1844 138 17 to to TO 1844 138 18 upload upload VB 1844 138 19 or or CC 1844 138 20 download download VB 1844 138 21 a a DT 1844 138 22 file file NN 1844 138 23 to to IN 1844 138 24 when when WRB 1844 138 25 the the DT 1844 138 26 file file NN 1844 138 27 loading loading NN 1844 138 28 or or CC 1844 138 29 downloading downloading NN 1844 138 30 has have VBZ 1844 138 31 finished finish VBN 1844 138 32 — — : 1844 138 33 in in IN 1844 138 34 this this DT 1844 138 35 test test NN 1844 138 36 until until IN 1844 138 37 the the DT 1844 138 38 TCP TCP NNP 1844 138 39 connection connection NN 1844 138 40 is be VBZ 1844 138 41 closed close VBN 1844 138 42 . . . 1844 139 1 The the DT 1844 139 2 second second JJ 1844 139 3 INFORMATION information NN 1844 139 4 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 1844 139 5 AND and CC 1844 139 6 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 1844 139 7 | | NNP 1844 139 8 DECEMBER DECEMBER NNP 1844 139 9 2012 2012 CD 1844 139 10 41 41 CD 1844 139 11 was be VBD 1844 139 12 service service NN 1844 139 13 time time NN 1844 139 14 , , , 1844 139 15 the the DT 1844 139 16 time time NN 1844 139 17 needed need VBN 1844 139 18 by by IN 1844 139 19 DAM DAM NNP 1844 139 20 to to TO 1844 139 21 locate locate VB 1844 139 22 a a DT 1844 139 23 file file NN 1844 139 24 ( ( -LRB- 1844 139 25 or or CC 1844 139 26 part part NN 1844 139 27 of of IN 1844 139 28 it -PRON- PRP 1844 139 29 ) ) -RRB- 1844 139 30 and and CC 1844 139 31 prepare prepare VB 1844 139 32 the the DT 1844 139 33 file file NN 1844 139 34 to to TO 1844 139 35 be be VB 1844 139 36 read read VBN 1844 139 37 by by IN 1844 139 38 the the DT 1844 139 39 system system NN 1844 139 40 component component NN 1844 139 41 that that WDT 1844 139 42 is be VBZ 1844 139 43 requesting request VBG 1844 139 44 it -PRON- PRP 1844 139 45 . . . 1844 140 1 Replication Replication NNP 1844 140 2 Techniques Techniques NNPS 1844 140 3 in in IN 1844 140 4 a a DT 1844 140 5 Private private JJ 1844 140 6 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 140 7 This this DT 1844 140 8 test test NN 1844 140 9 evaluated evaluate VBD 1844 140 10 the the DT 1844 140 11 storage storage NN 1844 140 12 service service NN 1844 140 13 response response NN 1844 140 14 and and CC 1844 140 15 service service NN 1844 140 16 time time NN 1844 140 17 using use VBG 1844 140 18 different different JJ 1844 140 19 levels level NNS 1844 140 20 of of IN 1844 140 21 data datum NNS 1844 140 22 availability availability NN 1844 140 23 and and CC 1844 140 24 fault fault NN 1844 140 25 tolerance tolerance NN 1844 140 26 on on IN 1844 140 27 a a DT 1844 140 28 private private JJ 1844 140 29 cloud cloud NN 1844 140 30 environment environment NN 1844 140 31 . . . 1844 141 1 We -PRON- PRP 1844 141 2 implemented implement VBD 1844 141 3 different different JJ 1844 141 4 replication replication NN 1844 141 5 techniques technique NNS 1844 141 6 in in IN 1844 141 7 DAM DAM NNP 1844 141 8 to to TO 1844 141 9 carry carry VB 1844 141 10 out out RP 1844 141 11 this this DT 1844 141 12 task task NN 1844 141 13 . . . 1844 142 1 The the DT 1844 142 2 left left JJ 1844 142 3 side side NN 1844 142 4 of of IN 1844 142 5 the the DT 1844 142 6 figure figure NN 1844 142 7 3 3 CD 1844 142 8 shows show VBZ 1844 142 9 the the DT 1844 142 10 response response NN 1844 142 11 and and CC 1844 142 12 service service NN 1844 142 13 time time NN 1844 142 14 produced produce VBN 1844 142 15 by by IN 1844 142 16 different different JJ 1844 142 17 replication replication NN 1844 142 18 techniques technique NNS 1844 142 19 during during IN 1844 142 20 the the DT 1844 142 21 file file NN 1844 142 22 uploading uploading NN 1844 142 23 process process NN 1844 142 24 . . . 1844 143 1 In in IN 1844 143 2 this this DT 1844 143 3 case case NN 1844 143 4 , , , 1844 143 5 even even RB 1844 143 6 though though IN 1844 143 7 the the DT 1844 143 8 total total JJ 1844 143 9 replication replication NN 1844 143 10 technique technique NN 1844 143 11 had have VBD 1844 143 12 a a DT 1844 143 13 poor poor JJ 1844 143 14 service service NN 1844 143 15 time time NN 1844 143 16 , , , 1844 143 17 the the DT 1844 143 18 storage storage NN 1844 143 19 service service NN 1844 143 20 showed show VBD 1844 143 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 1844 143 22 worst bad JJS 1844 143 23 performance performance NN 1844 143 24 when when WRB 1844 143 25 implementing implement VBG 1844 143 26 a a DT 1844 143 27 centralized centralized JJ 1844 143 28 architecture architecture NN 1844 143 29 . . . 1844 144 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 144 2 is be VBZ 1844 144 3 interesting interesting JJ 1844 144 4 to to TO 1844 144 5 see see VB 1844 144 6 how how WRB 1844 144 7 the the DT 1844 144 8 no no DT 1844 144 9 - - HYPH 1844 144 10 replication replication NN 1844 144 11 technique technique NN 1844 144 12 is be VBZ 1844 144 13 showing show VBG 1844 144 14 the the DT 1844 144 15 best good JJS 1844 144 16 performance performance NN 1844 144 17 during during IN 1844 144 18 the the DT 1844 144 19 uploading uploading JJ 1844 144 20 process process NN 1844 144 21 . . . 1844 145 1 This this DT 1844 145 2 behavior behavior NN 1844 145 3 may may MD 1844 145 4 exist exist VB 1844 145 5 because because IN 1844 145 6 this this DT 1844 145 7 technique technique NN 1844 145 8 does do VBZ 1844 145 9 not not RB 1844 145 10 require require VB 1844 145 11 any any DT 1844 145 12 additional additional JJ 1844 145 13 work work NN 1844 145 14 for for IN 1844 145 15 replicating replicate VBG 1844 145 16 a a DT 1844 145 17 file file NN 1844 145 18 and and CC 1844 145 19 does do VBZ 1844 145 20 not not RB 1844 145 21 have have VB 1844 145 22 to to TO 1844 145 23 send send VB 1844 145 24 any any DT 1844 145 25 additional additional JJ 1844 145 26 data datum NNS 1844 145 27 through through IN 1844 145 28 the the DT 1844 145 29 network network NN 1844 145 30 . . . 1844 146 1 Figure figure NN 1844 146 2 3 3 CD 1844 146 3 . . . 1844 147 1 Average average JJ 1844 147 2 Response Response NNP 1844 147 3 and and CC 1844 147 4 Service Service NNP 1844 147 5 Time Time NNP 1844 147 6 for for IN 1844 147 7 File File NNP 1844 147 8 Uploading Uploading NNP 1844 147 9 ( ( -LRB- 1844 147 10 FU FU NNP 1844 147 11 ) ) -RRB- 1844 147 12 and and CC 1844 147 13 Downloading Downloading NNP 1844 147 14 ( ( -LRB- 1844 147 15 FD FD NNP 1844 147 16 ) ) -RRB- 1844 147 17 using use VBG 1844 147 18 Different different JJ 1844 147 19 Replication Replication NNP 1844 147 20 Techniques Techniques NNPS 1844 147 21 in in IN 1844 147 22 a a DT 1844 147 23 Private private JJ 1844 147 24 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 147 25 Environment Environment NNP 1844 147 26 The the DT 1844 147 27 right right JJ 1844 147 28 side side NN 1844 147 29 of of IN 1844 147 30 figure figure NN 1844 147 31 3 3 CD 1844 147 32 shows show VBZ 1844 147 33 the the DT 1844 147 34 response response NN 1844 147 35 and and CC 1844 147 36 service service NN 1844 147 37 time time NN 1844 147 38 perceived perceive VBN 1844 147 39 during during IN 1844 147 40 the the DT 1844 147 41 file file NN 1844 147 42 downloading downloading NN 1844 147 43 process process NN 1844 147 44 using use VBG 1844 147 45 the the DT 1844 147 46 private private JJ 1844 147 47 cloud cloud NN 1844 147 48 . . . 1844 148 1 In in IN 1844 148 2 this this DT 1844 148 3 case case NN 1844 148 4 , , , 1844 148 5 even even RB 1844 148 6 though though IN 1844 148 7 the the DT 1844 148 8 IDA IDA NNP 1844 148 9 technique technique NN 1844 148 10 is be VBZ 1844 148 11 producing produce VBG 1844 148 12 the the DT 1844 148 13 worst bad JJS 1844 148 14 service service NN 1844 148 15 time time NN 1844 148 16 , , , 1844 148 17 the the DT 1844 148 18 response response NN 1844 148 19 time time NN 1844 148 20 showed show VBN 1844 148 21 by by IN 1844 148 22 the the DT 1844 148 23 different different JJ 1844 148 24 replication replication NN 1844 148 25 techniques technique NNS 1844 148 26 was be VBD 1844 148 27 similar similar JJ 1844 148 28 . . . 1844 149 1 The the DT 1844 149 2 IDA IDA NNP 1844 149 3 shows show VBZ 1844 149 4 a a DT 1844 149 5 competitive competitive JJ 1844 149 6 response response NN 1844 149 7 time time NN 1844 149 8 and and CC 1844 149 9 offers offer VBZ 1844 149 10 an an DT 1844 149 11 acceptable acceptable JJ 1844 149 12 level level NN 1844 149 13 of of IN 1844 149 14 fault fault NN 1844 149 15 tolerance tolerance NN 1844 149 16 . . . 1844 150 1 The the DT 1844 150 2 total total JJ 1844 150 3 replication replication NN 1844 150 4 technique technique NN 1844 150 5 offers offer VBZ 1844 150 6 high high JJ 1844 150 7 data datum NNS 1844 150 8 availability availability NN 1844 150 9 and and CC 1844 150 10 fault fault NN 1844 150 11 tolerance tolerance NN 1844 150 12 , , , 1844 150 13 but but CC 1844 150 14 it -PRON- PRP 1844 150 15 is be VBZ 1844 150 16 not not RB 1844 150 17 producing produce VBG 1844 150 18 the the DT 1844 150 19 best good JJS 1844 150 20 response response NN 1844 150 21 time time NN 1844 150 22 . . . 1844 151 1 This this DT 1844 151 2 slowness slowness NN 1844 151 3 could could MD 1844 151 4 be be VB 1844 151 5 because because IN 1844 151 6 the the DT 1844 151 7 way way NN 1844 151 8 DAM DAM NNP 1844 151 9 is be VBZ 1844 151 10 managing manage VBG 1844 151 11 the the DT 1844 151 12 distributed distribute VBN 1844 151 13 disk disk NN 1844 151 14 pool pool NN 1844 151 15 . . . 1844 152 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 152 2 is be VBZ 1844 152 3 important important JJ 1844 152 4 to to TO 1844 152 5 note note VB 1844 152 6 that that IN 1844 152 7 this this DT 1844 152 8 replication replication NN 1844 152 9 technique technique NN 1844 152 10 produces produce VBZ 1844 152 11 the the DT 1844 152 12 highest high JJS 1844 152 13 storage storage NN 1844 152 14 consumption consumption NN 1844 152 15 . . . 1844 153 1 A a DT 1844 153 2 FILE FILE NNP 1844 153 3 STORAGE STORAGE NNP 1844 153 4 SERVICE service NN 1844 153 5 ON on IN 1844 153 6 A a DT 1844 153 7 CLOUD cloud JJ 1844 153 8 COMPUTING computing NN 1844 153 9 ENVIRONMENT environment NN 1844 153 10 FOR for IN 1844 153 11 DIGITAL DIGITAL NNP 1844 153 12 LIBRARIES library NNS 1844 153 13 | | NNP 1844 153 14 SOSA SOSA NNP 1844 153 15 - - HYPH 1844 153 16 SOSA SOSA NNP 1844 153 17 42 42 CD 1844 153 18 Replication Replication NNP 1844 153 19 Techniques Techniques NNPS 1844 153 20 in in IN 1844 153 21 a a DT 1844 153 22 Hybrid Hybrid NNP 1844 153 23 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 153 24 The the DT 1844 153 25 aim aim NN 1844 153 26 of of IN 1844 153 27 this this DT 1844 153 28 test test NN 1844 153 29 was be VBD 1844 153 30 to to TO 1844 153 31 evaluate evaluate VB 1844 153 32 the the DT 1844 153 33 behavior behavior NN 1844 153 34 of of IN 1844 153 35 the the DT 1844 153 36 IDA IDA NNP 1844 153 37 replication replication NN 1844 153 38 technique technique NN 1844 153 39 implemented implement VBN 1844 153 40 in in IN 1844 153 41 a a DT 1844 153 42 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 153 43 cloud cloud NN 1844 153 44 ( ( -LRB- 1844 153 45 accessing access VBG 1844 153 46 both both CC 1844 153 47 private private JJ 1844 153 48 and and CC 1844 153 49 public public JJ 1844 153 50 cloud cloud NN 1844 153 51 infrastructures infrastructure NNS 1844 153 52 ) ) -RRB- 1844 153 53 . . . 1844 154 1 In in IN 1844 154 2 this this DT 1844 154 3 context context NN 1844 154 4 , , , 1844 154 5 we -PRON- PRP 1844 154 6 generated generate VBD 1844 154 7 fewer few JJR 1844 154 8 requests request NNS 1844 154 9 than than IN 1844 154 10 we -PRON- PRP 1844 154 11 originally originally RB 1844 154 12 planned plan VBD 1844 154 13 because because IN 1844 154 14 of of IN 1844 154 15 restrictions restriction NNS 1844 154 16 made make VBN 1844 154 17 by by IN 1844 154 18 the the DT 1844 154 19 public public JJ 1844 154 20 storage storage NN 1844 154 21 providers provider NNS 1844 154 22 . . . 1844 155 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 155 2 is be VBZ 1844 155 3 important important JJ 1844 155 4 to to TO 1844 155 5 note note VB 1844 155 6 that that IN 1844 155 7 the the DT 1844 155 8 IDA IDA NNP 1844 155 9 technique technique NN 1844 155 10 could could MD 1844 155 11 be be VB 1844 155 12 attractive attractive JJ 1844 155 13 in in IN 1844 155 14 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 155 15 cloud cloud NN 1844 155 16 storage storage NN 1844 155 17 . . . 1844 156 1 The the DT 1844 156 2 IDA IDA NNP 1844 156 3 offers offer VBZ 1844 156 4 data datum NNS 1844 156 5 availability availability NN 1844 156 6 , , , 1844 156 7 fault fault NN 1844 156 8 tolerance tolerance NN 1844 156 9 , , , 1844 156 10 and and CC 1844 156 11 a a DT 1844 156 12 certain certain JJ 1844 156 13 level level NN 1844 156 14 of of IN 1844 156 15 privacy privacy NN 1844 156 16 because because IN 1844 156 17 it -PRON- PRP 1844 156 18 does do VBZ 1844 156 19 not not RB 1844 156 20 require require VB 1844 156 21 a a DT 1844 156 22 copy copy NN 1844 156 23 of of IN 1844 156 24 a a DT 1844 156 25 complete complete JJ 1844 156 26 file file NN 1844 156 27 to to TO 1844 156 28 be be VB 1844 156 29 sent send VBN 1844 156 30 to to IN 1844 156 31 the the DT 1844 156 32 public public JJ 1844 156 33 cloud cloud NN 1844 156 34 storage storage NN 1844 156 35 . . . 1844 157 1 In in IN 1844 157 2 this this DT 1844 157 3 context context NN 1844 157 4 , , , 1844 157 5 we -PRON- PRP 1844 157 6 compared compare VBD 1844 157 7 the the DT 1844 157 8 response response NN 1844 157 9 and and CC 1844 157 10 service service NN 1844 157 11 times time NNS 1844 157 12 during during IN 1844 157 13 the the DT 1844 157 14 file file NN 1844 157 15 uploading upload VBG 1844 157 16 and and CC 1844 157 17 downloading download VBG 1844 157 18 processes process NNS 1844 157 19 . . . 1844 158 1 The the DT 1844 158 2 performance performance NN 1844 158 3 of of IN 1844 158 4 the the DT 1844 158 5 version version NN 1844 158 6 of of IN 1844 158 7 the the DT 1844 158 8 IDA IDA NNP 1844 158 9 implemented implement VBN 1844 158 10 in in IN 1844 158 11 the the DT 1844 158 12 private private JJ 1844 158 13 cloud cloud NN 1844 158 14 is be VBZ 1844 158 15 taken take VBN 1844 158 16 as as IN 1844 158 17 a a DT 1844 158 18 reference reference NN 1844 158 19 point point NN 1844 158 20 . . . 1844 159 1 We -PRON- PRP 1844 159 2 compared compare VBD 1844 159 3 the the DT 1844 159 4 private private JJ 1844 159 5 version version NN 1844 159 6 two two CD 1844 159 7 IDA IDA NNP 1844 159 8 versions version NNS 1844 159 9 that that WDT 1844 159 10 access access VBP 1844 159 11 each each DT 1844 159 12 public public JJ 1844 159 13 cloud cloud NN 1844 159 14 storage storage NN 1844 159 15 provider provider NN 1844 159 16 , , , 1844 159 17 Dropbox Dropbox NNP 1844 159 18 and and CC 1844 159 19 Phoenix Phoenix NNP 1844 159 20 ( ( -LRB- 1844 159 21 TreeStore TreeStore NNP 1844 159 22 ) ) -RRB- 1844 159 23 . . . 1844 160 1 The the DT 1844 160 2 left left JJ 1844 160 3 side side NN 1844 160 4 of of IN 1844 160 5 figure figure NN 1844 160 6 4 4 CD 1844 160 7 shows show VBZ 1844 160 8 the the DT 1844 160 9 response response NN 1844 160 10 and and CC 1844 160 11 service service NN 1844 160 12 time time NN 1844 160 13 during during IN 1844 160 14 the the DT 1844 160 15 uploading uploading JJ 1844 160 16 process process NN 1844 160 17 . . . 1844 161 1 The the DT 1844 161 2 figure figure NN 1844 161 3 shows show VBZ 1844 161 4 that that IN 1844 161 5 the the DT 1844 161 6 IDA IDA NNP 1844 161 7 suffers suffer VBZ 1844 161 8 a a DT 1844 161 9 high high JJ 1844 161 10 penalty penalty NN 1844 161 11 when when WRB 1844 161 12 accessing access VBG 1844 161 13 external external JJ 1844 161 14 storage storage NN 1844 161 15 ( ( -LRB- 1844 161 16 up up IN 1844 161 17 to to TO 1844 161 18 ten ten CD 1844 161 19 orders order NNS 1844 161 20 of of IN 1844 161 21 magnitude magnitude NN 1844 161 22 ) ) -RRB- 1844 161 23 . . . 1844 162 1 Even even RB 1844 162 2 when when WRB 1844 162 3 the the DT 1844 162 4 downloading downloading NN 1844 162 5 process process NN 1844 162 6 ( ( -LRB- 1844 162 7 right right JJ 1844 162 8 side side NN 1844 162 9 of of IN 1844 162 10 figure figure NN 1844 162 11 4 4 CD 1844 162 12 ) ) -RRB- 1844 162 13 showed show VBD 1844 162 14 better well JJR 1844 162 15 performance performance NN 1844 162 16 , , , 1844 162 17 the the DT 1844 162 18 response response NN 1844 162 19 time time NN 1844 162 20 of of IN 1844 162 21 the the DT 1844 162 22 IDA IDA NNP 1844 162 23 is be VBZ 1844 162 24 still still RB 1844 162 25 penalized penalize VBN 1844 162 26 when when WRB 1844 162 27 accessing access VBG 1844 162 28 external external JJ 1844 162 29 storage storage NN 1844 162 30 in in IN 1844 162 31 range range NN 1844 162 32 of of IN 1844 162 33 six six CD 1844 162 34 or or CC 1844 162 35 seven seven CD 1844 162 36 orders order NNS 1844 162 37 of of IN 1844 162 38 magnitude magnitude NN 1844 162 39 . . . 1844 163 1 This this DT 1844 163 2 penalty penalty NN 1844 163 3 on on IN 1844 163 4 the the DT 1844 163 5 IDA IDA NNP 1844 163 6 version version NN 1844 163 7 in in IN 1844 163 8 a a DT 1844 163 9 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 163 10 environment environment NN 1844 163 11 mainly mainly RB 1844 163 12 is be VBZ 1844 163 13 caused cause VBN 1844 163 14 , , , 1844 163 15 we -PRON- PRP 1844 163 16 think think VBP 1844 163 17 , , , 1844 163 18 by by IN 1844 163 19 a a DT 1844 163 20 poor poor JJ 1844 163 21 Internet internet NN 1844 163 22 connection connection NN 1844 163 23 ( ( -LRB- 1844 163 24 it -PRON- PRP 1844 163 25 is be VBZ 1844 163 26 not not RB 1844 163 27 a a DT 1844 163 28 dedicated dedicated JJ 1844 163 29 link link NN 1844 163 30 ) ) -RRB- 1844 163 31 used use VBN 1844 163 32 to to TO 1844 163 33 send send VB 1844 163 34 and and CC 1844 163 35 receive receive VB 1844 163 36 file file NN 1844 163 37 fragments fragment NNS 1844 163 38 from from IN 1844 163 39 the the DT 1844 163 40 external external JJ 1844 163 41 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 163 42 ( ( -LRB- 1844 163 43 storage storage NN 1844 163 44 providers provider NNS 1844 163 45 ) ) -RRB- 1844 163 46 . . . 1844 164 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 164 2 is be VBZ 1844 164 3 worth worth JJ 1844 164 4 keeping keep VBG 1844 164 5 in in IN 1844 164 6 mind mind NN 1844 164 7 that that IN 1844 164 8 one one CD 1844 164 9 of of IN 1844 164 10 the the DT 1844 164 11 benefits benefit NNS 1844 164 12 of of IN 1844 164 13 storing store VBG 1844 164 14 some some DT 1844 164 15 file file NN 1844 164 16 fragments fragment NNS 1844 164 17 in in IN 1844 164 18 the the DT 1844 164 19 external external JJ 1844 164 20 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 164 21 is be VBZ 1844 164 22 having have VBG 1844 164 23 more more JJR 1844 164 24 storage storage NN 1844 164 25 space space NN 1844 164 26 available available JJ 1844 164 27 in in IN 1844 164 28 the the DT 1844 164 29 private private JJ 1844 164 30 cloud cloud NN 1844 164 31 . . . 1844 165 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 165 2 also also RB 1844 165 3 is be VBZ 1844 165 4 important important JJ 1844 165 5 to to TO 1844 165 6 remember remember VB 1844 165 7 that that IN 1844 165 8 , , , 1844 165 9 for for IN 1844 165 10 security security NN 1844 165 11 reasons reason NNS 1844 165 12 , , , 1844 165 13 the the DT 1844 165 14 number number NN 1844 165 15 of of IN 1844 165 16 fragments fragment NNS 1844 165 17 sent send VBN 1844 165 18 to to IN 1844 165 19 the the DT 1844 165 20 public public JJ 1844 165 21 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 165 22 will will MD 1844 165 23 never never RB 1844 165 24 be be VB 1844 165 25 greater great JJR 1844 165 26 than than IN 1844 165 27 or or CC 1844 165 28 equal equal JJ 1844 165 29 to to IN 1844 165 30 m m NNP 1844 165 31 , , , 1844 165 32 where where WRB 1844 165 33 m m NNP 1844 165 34 is be VBZ 1844 165 35 the the DT 1844 165 36 number number NN 1844 165 37 of of IN 1844 165 38 pieces piece NNS 1844 165 39 required require VBN 1844 165 40 to to TO 1844 165 41 build build VB 1844 165 42 the the DT 1844 165 43 original original JJ 1844 165 44 file file NN 1844 165 45 . . . 1844 166 1 Figure figure NN 1844 166 2 4 4 CD 1844 166 3 . . . 1844 167 1 Average average JJ 1844 167 2 Response Response NNP 1844 167 3 and and CC 1844 167 4 Service Service NNP 1844 167 5 Time Time NNP 1844 167 6 for for IN 1844 167 7 File File NNP 1844 167 8 Uploading Uploading NNP 1844 167 9 ( ( -LRB- 1844 167 10 FU FU NNP 1844 167 11 ) ) -RRB- 1844 167 12 and and CC 1844 167 13 Downloading Downloading NNP 1844 167 14 ( ( -LRB- 1844 167 15 FD FD NNP 1844 167 16 ) ) -RRB- 1844 167 17 in in IN 1844 167 18 the the DT 1844 167 19 Evaluation Evaluation NNP 1844 167 20 of of IN 1844 167 21 the the DT 1844 167 22 Hybrid Hybrid NNP 1844 167 23 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 167 24 INFORMATION INFORMATION VBD 1844 167 25 TECHNOLOGY technology NN 1844 167 26 AND and CC 1844 167 27 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 1844 167 28 | | NNP 1844 167 29 DECEMBER DECEMBER NNP 1844 167 30 2012 2012 CD 1844 167 31 43 43 CD 1844 167 32 For for IN 1844 167 33 testing test VBG 1844 167 34 the the DT 1844 167 35 behavior behavior NN 1844 167 36 of of IN 1844 167 37 this this DT 1844 167 38 version version NN 1844 167 39 of of IN 1844 167 40 the the DT 1844 167 41 IDA IDA NNP 1844 167 42 , , , 1844 167 43 DAM DAM NNP 1844 167 44 always always RB 1844 167 45 had have VBD 1844 167 46 to to TO 1844 167 47 obtain obtain VB 1844 167 48 a a DT 1844 167 49 fragment fragment NN 1844 167 50 of of IN 1844 167 51 a a DT 1844 167 52 file file NN 1844 167 53 from from IN 1844 167 54 the the DT 1844 167 55 public public JJ 1844 167 56 cloud cloud NN 1844 167 57 ( ( -LRB- 1844 167 58 external external JJ 1844 167 59 providers provider NNS 1844 167 60 ) ) -RRB- 1844 167 61 . . . 1844 168 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 168 2 should should MD 1844 168 3 be be VB 1844 168 4 noted note VBN 1844 168 5 that that IN 1844 168 6 this this DT 1844 168 7 is be VBZ 1844 168 8 not not RB 1844 168 9 the the DT 1844 168 10 typical typical JJ 1844 168 11 case case NN 1844 168 12 ; ; : 1844 168 13 in in IN 1844 168 14 a a DT 1844 168 15 real real JJ 1844 168 16 scenario scenario NN 1844 168 17 , , , 1844 168 18 the the DT 1844 168 19 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 168 20 version version NN 1844 168 21 of of IN 1844 168 22 the the DT 1844 168 23 IDA IDA NNP 1844 168 24 only only RB 1844 168 25 would would MD 1844 168 26 obtain obtain VB 1844 168 27 a a DT 1844 168 28 fragment fragment NN 1844 168 29 of of IN 1844 168 30 a a DT 1844 168 31 file file NN 1844 168 32 from from IN 1844 168 33 the the DT 1844 168 34 public public JJ 1844 168 35 cloud cloud NN 1844 168 36 when when WRB 1844 168 37 the the DT 1844 168 38 DAM DAM NNP 1844 168 39 could could MD 1844 168 40 n’t not RB 1844 168 41 obtain obtain VB 1844 168 42 the the DT 1844 168 43 m m NN 1844 168 44 needed need VBN 1844 168 45 fragments fragment NNS 1844 168 46 from from IN 1844 168 47 the the DT 1844 168 48 private private JJ 1844 168 49 cloud cloud NN 1844 168 50 , , , 1844 168 51 which which WDT 1844 168 52 means mean VBZ 1844 168 53 that that IN 1844 168 54 more more JJR 1844 168 55 than than IN 1844 168 56 n n NNP 1844 168 57 - - HYPH 1844 168 58 m m NNP 1844 168 59 disks disk NNS 1844 168 60 had have VBD 1844 168 61 failed fail VBN 1844 168 62 ( ( -LRB- 1844 168 63 worst bad JJS 1844 168 64 case case NN 1844 168 65 ) ) -RRB- 1844 168 66 . . . 1844 169 1 The the DT 1844 169 2 two two CD 1844 169 3 public public JJ 1844 169 4 storage storage NN 1844 169 5 providers provider NNS 1844 169 6 showed show VBD 1844 169 7 similar similar JJ 1844 169 8 performance performance NN 1844 169 9 . . . 1844 170 1 However however RB 1844 170 2 , , , 1844 170 3 the the DT 1844 170 4 behavior behavior NN 1844 170 5 of of IN 1844 170 6 Dropbox Dropbox NNP 1844 170 7 was be VBD 1844 170 8 slightly slightly RB 1844 170 9 better well JJR 1844 170 10 than than IN 1844 170 11 TreeStore TreeStore NNP 1844 170 12 . . . 1844 171 1 This this DT 1844 171 2 could could MD 1844 171 3 be be VB 1844 171 4 because because IN 1844 171 5 of of IN 1844 171 6 the the DT 1844 171 7 maturity maturity NN 1844 171 8 of of IN 1844 171 9 the the DT 1844 171 10 Dropbox Dropbox NNP 1844 171 11 API API NNP 1844 171 12 or or CC 1844 171 13 because because IN 1844 171 14 of of IN 1844 171 15 a a DT 1844 171 16 better well JJR 1844 171 17 network network NN 1844 171 18 connection connection NN 1844 171 19 to to IN 1844 171 20 the the DT 1844 171 21 Dropbox Dropbox NNP 1844 171 22 sites site NNS 1844 171 23 . . . 1844 172 1 RELATED related JJ 1844 172 2 WORK WORK NNP 1844 172 3 Amazon Amazon NNP 1844 172 4 S3 S3 NNP 1844 172 5 is be VBZ 1844 172 6 considered consider VBN 1844 172 7 a a DT 1844 172 8 pioneer pioneer NN 1844 172 9 of of IN 1844 172 10 cloud cloud NN 1844 172 11 storage storage NN 1844 172 12 solutions solution NNS 1844 172 13 . . . 1844 173 1 Data datum NNS 1844 173 2 storage storage NN 1844 173 3 rates rate NNS 1844 173 4 vary vary VBP 1844 173 5 according accord VBG 1844 173 6 to to IN 1844 173 7 the the DT 1844 173 8 amount amount NN 1844 173 9 of of IN 1844 173 10 data datum NNS 1844 173 11 stored store VBN 1844 173 12 and and CC 1844 173 13 on on IN 1844 173 14 the the DT 1844 173 15 availability availability NN 1844 173 16 required require VBN 1844 173 17 by by IN 1844 173 18 users user NNS 1844 173 19 . . . 1844 174 1 Data datum NNS 1844 174 2 availability availability NN 1844 174 3 relates relate VBZ 1844 174 4 to to IN 1844 174 5 the the DT 1844 174 6 replication replication NN 1844 174 7 technique technique NN 1844 174 8 the the DT 1844 174 9 Amazon Amazon NNP 1844 174 10 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 174 11 uses.10 uses.10 NNP 1844 174 12 There there EX 1844 174 13 also also RB 1844 174 14 are be VBP 1844 174 15 solutions solution NNS 1844 174 16 that that WDT 1844 174 17 take take VBP 1844 174 18 advantage advantage NN 1844 174 19 of of IN 1844 174 20 public public JJ 1844 174 21 cloud cloud NN 1844 174 22 storage storage NN 1844 174 23 using use VBG 1844 174 24 replication replication NN 1844 174 25 techniques technique NNS 1844 174 26 based base VBN 1844 174 27 on on IN 1844 174 28 RAID RAID NNP 1844 174 29 , , , 1844 174 30 for for IN 1844 174 31 example example NN 1844 174 32 Redundant Redundant NNP 1844 174 33 Array Array NNP 1844 174 34 of of IN 1844 174 35 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 174 36 Storage Storage NNP 1844 174 37 ( ( -LRB- 1844 174 38 RACS RACS NNP 1844 174 39 ) ) -RRB- 1844 174 40 , , , 1844 174 41 a a DT 1844 174 42 proxy proxy NN 1844 174 43 located locate VBN 1844 174 44 between between IN 1844 174 45 multiple multiple JJ 1844 174 46 cloud cloud NN 1844 174 47 storage storage NN 1844 174 48 providers provider NNS 1844 174 49 and and CC 1844 174 50 customers.11 customers.11 NNP 1844 174 51 RACS RACS NNP 1844 174 52 distributes distribute VBZ 1844 174 53 data datum NNS 1844 174 54 in in IN 1844 174 55 a a DT 1844 174 56 way way NN 1844 174 57 that that WDT 1844 174 58 provides provide VBZ 1844 174 59 an an DT 1844 174 60 opportunity opportunity NN 1844 174 61 for for IN 1844 174 62 clients client NNS 1844 174 63 to to TO 1844 174 64 tolerate tolerate VB 1844 174 65 interruptions interruption NNS 1844 174 66 in in IN 1844 174 67 a a DT 1844 174 68 public public JJ 1844 174 69 cloud cloud NN 1844 174 70 storage storage NN 1844 174 71 service service NN 1844 174 72 or or CC 1844 174 73 when when WRB 1844 174 74 the the DT 1844 174 75 price price NN 1844 174 76 for for IN 1844 174 77 using use VBG 1844 174 78 such such JJ 1844 174 79 services service NNS 1844 174 80 gets get VBZ 1844 174 81 too too RB 1844 174 82 high high JJ 1844 174 83 . . . 1844 175 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 175 2 uses use VBZ 1844 175 3 replication replication NN 1844 175 4 to to TO 1844 175 5 support support VB 1844 175 6 such such JJ 1844 175 7 sit sit NN 1844 175 8 uations uation NNS 1844 175 9 . . . 1844 176 1 RACS RACS NNP 1844 176 2 offers offer VBZ 1844 176 3 to to IN 1844 176 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 1844 176 5 users user NNS 1844 176 6 an an DT 1844 176 7 interface interface NN 1844 176 8 similar similar JJ 1844 176 9 to to IN 1844 176 10 Amazon Amazon NNP 1844 176 11 S3 S3 NNP 1844 176 12 , , , 1844 176 13 allowing allow VBG 1844 176 14 operations operation NNS 1844 176 15 such such JJ 1844 176 16 as as IN 1844 176 17 Put Put NNP 1844 176 18 , , , 1844 176 19 Get get VB 1844 176 20 , , , 1844 176 21 Delete Delete NNP 1844 176 22 , , , 1844 176 23 and and CC 1844 176 24 List list NN 1844 176 25 . . . 1844 177 1 Another another DT 1844 177 2 such such JJ 1844 177 3 service service NN 1844 177 4 is be VBZ 1844 177 5 High high JJ 1844 177 6 - - HYPH 1844 177 7 Availability Availability NNP 1844 177 8 and and CC 1844 177 9 Integrity Integrity NNP 1844 177 10 Layer Layer NNP 1844 177 11 ( ( -LRB- 1844 177 12 HAIL HAIL NNP 1844 177 13 ) ) -RRB- 1844 177 14 , , , 1844 177 15 a a DT 1844 177 16 cryptographic cryptographic JJ 1844 177 17 distributed distribute VBN 1844 177 18 system system NN 1844 177 19 that that WDT 1844 177 20 allows allow VBZ 1844 177 21 file file NN 1844 177 22 servers server NNS 1844 177 23 to to TO 1844 177 24 provide provide VB 1844 177 25 a a DT 1844 177 26 secure secure JJ 1844 177 27 storage storage NN 1844 177 28 environment.12 environment.12 NNP 1844 177 29 HAIL HAIL NNP 1844 177 30 supports support VBZ 1844 177 31 the the DT 1844 177 32 failure failure NN 1844 177 33 of of IN 1844 177 34 any any DT 1844 177 35 of of IN 1844 177 36 the the DT 1844 177 37 servers server NNS 1844 177 38 that that WDT 1844 177 39 make make VBP 1844 177 40 up up RP 1844 177 41 the the DT 1844 177 42 system system NN 1844 177 43 , , , 1844 177 44 adding add VBG 1844 177 45 a a DT 1844 177 46 degree degree NN 1844 177 47 of of IN 1844 177 48 security security NN 1844 177 49 to to IN 1844 177 50 stored stored JJ 1844 177 51 data datum NNS 1844 177 52 using use VBG 1844 177 53 an an DT 1844 177 54 approach approach NN 1844 177 55 based base VBN 1844 177 56 on on IN 1844 177 57 the the DT 1844 177 58 Reed Reed NNP 1844 177 59 Solomon Solomon NNP 1844 177 60 ( ( -LRB- 1844 177 61 RS RS NNP 1844 177 62 ) ) -RRB- 1844 177 63 error error NN 1844 177 64 correction correction NN 1844 177 65 codes.13 codes.13 NNP 1844 177 66 The the DT 1844 177 67 RS RS NNP 1844 177 68 codes code NNS 1844 177 69 describe describe VBP 1844 177 70 a a DT 1844 177 71 systematic systematic JJ 1844 177 72 way way NN 1844 177 73 of of IN 1844 177 74 building building NN 1844 177 75 codes code NNS 1844 177 76 that that WDT 1844 177 77 could could MD 1844 177 78 detect detect VB 1844 177 79 and and CC 1844 177 80 correct correct VB 1844 177 81 multiple multiple JJ 1844 177 82 random random JJ 1844 177 83 symbol symbol NN 1844 177 84 errors error NNS 1844 177 85 by by IN 1844 177 86 adding add VBG 1844 177 87 additional additional JJ 1844 177 88 check check NN 1844 177 89 symbols symbol NNS 1844 177 90 to to IN 1844 177 91 the the DT 1844 177 92 data datum NNS 1844 177 93 . . . 1844 178 1 Public public JJ 1844 178 2 cloud cloud NN 1844 178 3 - - HYPH 1844 178 4 storage storage NN 1844 178 5 infrastructures infrastructure NNS 1844 178 6 such such JJ 1844 178 7 as as IN 1844 178 8 Amazon Amazon NNP 1844 178 9 3 3 CD 1844 178 10 , , , 1844 178 11 Rackspace Rackspace NNP 1844 178 12 , , , 1844 178 13 and and CC 1844 178 14 Google Google NNP 1844 178 15 Storage Storage NNP 1844 178 16 are be VBP 1844 178 17 being be VBG 1844 178 18 used use VBN 1844 178 19 by by IN 1844 178 20 distributed distribute VBN 1844 178 21 file file NN 1844 178 22 systems system NNS 1844 178 23 such such JJ 1844 178 24 as as IN 1844 178 25 Dropbox Dropbox NNP 1844 178 26 ( ( -LRB- 1844 178 27 http://www.dropbox.com http://www.dropbox.com ADD 1844 178 28 ) ) -RRB- 1844 178 29 , , , 1844 178 30 Wuala Wuala NNP 1844 178 31 ( ( -LRB- 1844 178 32 http://www.wuala.com http://www.wuala.com ADD 1844 178 33 ) ) -RRB- 1844 178 34 , , , 1844 178 35 and and CC 1844 178 36 ADrive ADrive NNP 1844 178 37 ( ( -LRB- 1844 178 38 http://www.adrive.com http://www.adrive.com ADD 1844 178 39 ) ) -RRB- 1844 178 40 , , , 1844 178 41 which which WDT 1844 178 42 allow allow VBP 1844 178 43 users user NNS 1844 178 44 to to TO 1844 178 45 store store VB 1844 178 46 and and CC 1844 178 47 share share VB 1844 178 48 files file NNS 1844 178 49 through through IN 1844 178 50 web web NN 1844 178 51 applications.14 applications.14 NNP 1844 178 52 A a DT 1844 178 53 commonality commonality NN 1844 178 54 between between IN 1844 178 55 these these DT 1844 178 56 infrastructures infrastructure NNS 1844 178 57 and and CC 1844 178 58 applications application NNS 1844 178 59 is be VBZ 1844 178 60 their -PRON- PRP$ 1844 178 61 use use NN 1844 178 62 of of IN 1844 178 63 public public JJ 1844 178 64 clouds cloud NNS 1844 178 65 . . . 1844 179 1 These these DT 1844 179 2 services service NNS 1844 179 3 are be VBP 1844 179 4 helpful helpful JJ 1844 179 5 for for IN 1844 179 6 users user NNS 1844 179 7 wanting want VBG 1844 179 8 to to TO 1844 179 9 have have VB 1844 179 10 unlimited unlimited JJ 1844 179 11 storage storage NN 1844 179 12 space space NN 1844 179 13 with with IN 1844 179 14 which which WDT 1844 179 15 to to TO 1844 179 16 back back VB 1844 179 17 up up RP 1844 179 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 1844 179 19 data datum NNS 1844 179 20 . . . 1844 180 1 However however RB 1844 180 2 , , , 1844 180 3 the the DT 1844 180 4 use use NN 1844 180 5 of of IN 1844 180 6 these these DT 1844 180 7 types type NNS 1844 180 8 of of IN 1844 180 9 solutions solution NNS 1844 180 10 can can MD 1844 180 11 be be VB 1844 180 12 challenging challenge VBG 1844 180 13 in in IN 1844 180 14 a a DT 1844 180 15 business business NN 1844 180 16 environment environment NN 1844 180 17 . . . 1844 181 1 The the DT 1844 181 2 fears fear NNS 1844 181 3 that that IN 1844 181 4 some some DT 1844 181 5 organizations organization NNS 1844 181 6 have have VBP 1844 181 7 about about IN 1844 181 8 storing store VBG 1844 181 9 sensitive sensitive JJ 1844 181 10 data datum NNS 1844 181 11 in in IN 1844 181 12 a a DT 1844 181 13 public public JJ 1844 181 14 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 181 15 or or CC 1844 181 16 about about IN 1844 181 17 future future JJ 1844 181 18 data datum NNS 1844 181 19 availability availability NN 1844 181 20 are be VBP 1844 181 21 issues issue NNS 1844 181 22 that that WDT 1844 181 23 discourage discourage VBP 1844 181 24 the the DT 1844 181 25 use use NN 1844 181 26 of of IN 1844 181 27 such such JJ 1844 181 28 third third JJ 1844 181 29 - - HYPH 1844 181 30 party party NN 1844 181 31 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 181 32 . . . 1844 182 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 1844 182 2 approach approach NN 1844 182 3 suggests suggest VBZ 1844 182 4 a a DT 1844 182 5 viable viable JJ 1844 182 6 option option NN 1844 182 7 is be VBZ 1844 182 8 creating create VBG 1844 182 9 a a DT 1844 182 10 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 182 11 cloud cloud NN 1844 182 12 storage storage NN 1844 182 13 environment environment NN 1844 182 14 ( ( -LRB- 1844 182 15 private private JJ 1844 182 16 + + SYM 1844 182 17 public public JJ 1844 182 18 ) ) -RRB- 1844 182 19 based base VBN 1844 182 20 on on IN 1844 182 21 low low JJ 1844 182 22 cost cost NN 1844 182 23 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 182 24 in in IN 1844 182 25 which which WDT 1844 182 26 only only JJ 1844 182 27 part part NN 1844 182 28 of of IN 1844 182 29 the the DT 1844 182 30 stored stored JJ 1844 182 31 data datum NNS 1844 182 32 are be VBP 1844 182 33 in in IN 1844 182 34 the the DT 1844 182 35 public public JJ 1844 182 36 environment environment NN 1844 182 37 , , , 1844 182 38 thereby thereby RB 1844 182 39 minimizing minimize VBG 1844 182 40 the the DT 1844 182 41 likelihood likelihood NN 1844 182 42 of of IN 1844 182 43 unauthorized unauthorized JJ 1844 182 44 access access NN 1844 182 45 . . . 1844 183 1 http://www.dropbox.com/ http://www.dropbox.com/ NNP 1844 183 2 http://www.wuala.com/ http://www.wuala.com/ NNP 1844 183 3 http://www.adrive.com/ http://www.adrive.com/ NNP 1844 183 4 A a DT 1844 183 5 FILE FILE NNP 1844 183 6 STORAGE STORAGE NNP 1844 183 7 SERVICE service NN 1844 183 8 ON on IN 1844 183 9 A a DT 1844 183 10 CLOUD cloud JJ 1844 183 11 COMPUTING computing NN 1844 183 12 ENVIRONMENT environment NN 1844 183 13 FOR for IN 1844 183 14 DIGITAL DIGITAL NNP 1844 183 15 LIBRARIES library NNS 1844 183 16 | | NNP 1844 183 17 SOSA SOSA NNP 1844 183 18 - - HYPH 1844 183 19 SOSA SOSA NNP 1844 183 20 44 44 CD 1844 183 21 CONCLUSIONS conclusion NNS 1844 183 22 Digital Digital NNP 1844 183 23 - - HYPH 1844 183 24 data data NN 1844 183 25 preservation preservation NN 1844 183 26 represents represent VBZ 1844 183 27 a a DT 1844 183 28 threat threat NN 1844 183 29 to to IN 1844 183 30 digital digital JJ 1844 183 31 libraries library NNS 1844 183 32 . . . 1844 184 1 Data datum NNS 1844 184 2 are be VBP 1844 184 3 an an DT 1844 184 4 essential essential JJ 1844 184 5 part part NN 1844 184 6 of of IN 1844 184 7 a a DT 1844 184 8 library library NN 1844 184 9 , , , 1844 184 10 and and CC 1844 184 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 1844 184 12 storage storage NN 1844 184 13 is be VBZ 1844 184 14 of of IN 1844 184 15 the the DT 1844 184 16 utmost utmost JJ 1844 184 17 importance importance NN 1844 184 18 . . . 1844 185 1 Digital digital JJ 1844 185 2 - - HYPH 1844 185 3 data data NN 1844 185 4 storage storage NN 1844 185 5 requires require VBZ 1844 185 6 extreme extreme JJ 1844 185 7 durability durability NN 1844 185 8 and and CC 1844 185 9 scalability scalability NN 1844 185 10 . . . 1844 186 1 However however RB 1844 186 2 , , , 1844 186 3 component component NN 1844 186 4 failures failure NNS 1844 186 5 , , , 1844 186 6 obsolescence obsolescence NN 1844 186 7 , , , 1844 186 8 human human JJ 1844 186 9 - - HYPH 1844 186 10 operation operation NN 1844 186 11 errors error NNS 1844 186 12 , , , 1844 186 13 natural natural JJ 1844 186 14 disasters disaster NNS 1844 186 15 , , , 1844 186 16 attacks attack NNS 1844 186 17 , , , 1844 186 18 or or CC 1844 186 19 management management NN 1844 186 20 errors error NNS 1844 186 21 are be VBP 1844 186 22 some some DT 1844 186 23 common common JJ 1844 186 24 difficulties difficulty NNS 1844 186 25 that that WDT 1844 186 26 must must MD 1844 186 27 be be VB 1844 186 28 carefully carefully RB 1844 186 29 studied study VBN 1844 186 30 when when WRB 1844 186 31 implementing implement VBG 1844 186 32 a a DT 1844 186 33 digital digital JJ 1844 186 34 library library NN 1844 186 35 . . . 1844 187 1 These these DT 1844 187 2 threats threat NNS 1844 187 3 may may MD 1844 187 4 be be VB 1844 187 5 minimized minimize VBN 1844 187 6 using use VBG 1844 187 7 a a DT 1844 187 8 distributed distribute VBN 1844 187 9 data data NN 1844 187 10 - - HYPH 1844 187 11 storage storage NN 1844 187 12 approach approach NN 1844 187 13 . . . 1844 188 1 In in IN 1844 188 2 this this DT 1844 188 3 area area NN 1844 188 4 , , , 1844 188 5 cloud cloud NN 1844 188 6 computing computing NN 1844 188 7 may may MD 1844 188 8 help help VB 1844 188 9 , , , 1844 188 10 as as IN 1844 188 11 both both CC 1844 188 12 the the DT 1844 188 13 storage storage NN 1844 188 14 and and CC 1844 188 15 the the DT 1844 188 16 services service NNS 1844 188 17 are be VBP 1844 188 18 completely completely RB 1844 188 19 distributed distribute VBN 1844 188 20 . . . 1844 189 1 This this DT 1844 189 2 paper paper NN 1844 189 3 presented present VBD 1844 189 4 a a DT 1844 189 5 comparison comparison NN 1844 189 6 of of IN 1844 189 7 different different JJ 1844 189 8 replication replication NN 1844 189 9 techniques technique NNS 1844 189 10 implemented implement VBN 1844 189 11 in in IN 1844 189 12 a a DT 1844 189 13 private private JJ 1844 189 14 and and CC 1844 189 15 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 189 16 cloud cloud NN 1844 189 17 - - HYPH 1844 189 18 storage storage NN 1844 189 19 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 189 20 . . . 1844 190 1 We -PRON- PRP 1844 190 2 described describe VBD 1844 190 3 the the DT 1844 190 4 components component NNS 1844 190 5 of of IN 1844 190 6 this this DT 1844 190 7 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 190 8 and and CC 1844 190 9 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 1844 190 10 that that IN 1844 190 11 it -PRON- PRP 1844 190 12 is be VBZ 1844 190 13 possible possible JJ 1844 190 14 to to TO 1844 190 15 improve improve VB 1844 190 16 the the DT 1844 190 17 time time NN 1844 190 18 of of IN 1844 190 19 system system NN 1844 190 20 deployment deployment NN 1844 190 21 and and CC 1844 190 22 performance performance NN 1844 190 23 when when WRB 1844 190 24 elastic elastic JJ 1844 190 25 services service NNS 1844 190 26 ( ( -LRB- 1844 190 27 virtualized virtualized JJ 1844 190 28 ) ) -RRB- 1844 190 29 are be VBP 1844 190 30 implemented implement VBN 1844 190 31 on on IN 1844 190 32 physical physical JJ 1844 190 33 machines machine NNS 1844 190 34 . . . 1844 191 1 We -PRON- PRP 1844 191 2 illustrated illustrate VBD 1844 191 3 how how WRB 1844 191 4 to to TO 1844 191 5 optimize optimize VB 1844 191 6 the the DT 1844 191 7 use use NN 1844 191 8 of of IN 1844 191 9 physical physical JJ 1844 191 10 machine machine NN 1844 191 11 resources resource NNS 1844 191 12 , , , 1844 191 13 especially especially RB 1844 191 14 when when WRB 1844 191 15 running run VBG 1844 191 16 systems system NNS 1844 191 17 ( ( -LRB- 1844 191 18 like like IN 1844 191 19 the the DT 1844 191 20 storage storage NN 1844 191 21 service service NN 1844 191 22 ) ) -RRB- 1844 191 23 with with IN 1844 191 24 an an DT 1844 191 25 unpredictable unpredictable JJ 1844 191 26 workload workload NN 1844 191 27 . . . 1844 192 1 The the DT 1844 192 2 replication replication NN 1844 192 3 techniques technique NNS 1844 192 4 evaluated evaluate VBN 1844 192 5 in in IN 1844 192 6 this this DT 1844 192 7 paper paper NN 1844 192 8 were be VBD 1844 192 9 implemented implement VBN 1844 192 10 in in IN 1844 192 11 a a DT 1844 192 12 data data NN 1844 192 13 access access NN 1844 192 14 module module NN 1844 192 15 called call VBN 1844 192 16 DAM DAM NNP 1844 192 17 . . . 1844 193 1 DAM dam NN 1844 193 2 is be VBZ 1844 193 3 a a DT 1844 193 4 simple simple JJ 1844 193 5 mechanism mechanism NN 1844 193 6 for for IN 1844 193 7 storage storage NN 1844 193 8 consolidation consolidation NN 1844 193 9 on on IN 1844 193 10 a a DT 1844 193 11 private private JJ 1844 193 12 and and CC 1844 193 13 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 193 14 cloud cloud NN 1844 193 15 environment environment NN 1844 193 16 , , , 1844 193 17 and and CC 1844 193 18 it -PRON- PRP 1844 193 19 is be VBZ 1844 193 20 able able JJ 1844 193 21 to to TO 1844 193 22 offer offer VB 1844 193 23 different different JJ 1844 193 24 levels level NNS 1844 193 25 of of IN 1844 193 26 data datum NNS 1844 193 27 availability availability NN 1844 193 28 based base VBN 1844 193 29 on on IN 1844 193 30 user user NN 1844 193 31 requirements requirement NNS 1844 193 32 . . . 1844 194 1 It -PRON- PRP 1844 194 2 uses use VBZ 1844 194 3 a a DT 1844 194 4 lightweight lightweight JJ 1844 194 5 algorithm algorithm NN 1844 194 6 for for IN 1844 194 7 file file NN 1844 194 8 allocation allocation NN 1844 194 9 , , , 1844 194 10 reducing reduce VBG 1844 194 11 the the DT 1844 194 12 amount amount NN 1844 194 13 of of IN 1844 194 14 metadata metadata NN 1844 194 15 needed need VBN 1844 194 16 with with IN 1844 194 17 low low JJ 1844 194 18 resources resource NNS 1844 194 19 consumption consumption NN 1844 194 20 . . . 1844 195 1 We -PRON- PRP 1844 195 2 showed show VBD 1844 195 3 how how WRB 1844 195 4 a a DT 1844 195 5 hybrid hybrid JJ 1844 195 6 cloud cloud NN 1844 195 7 environment environment NN 1844 195 8 , , , 1844 195 9 implemented implement VBN 1844 195 10 with with IN 1844 195 11 freely freely RB 1844 195 12 available available JJ 1844 195 13 software software NN 1844 195 14 tools tool NNS 1844 195 15 , , , 1844 195 16 can can MD 1844 195 17 be be VB 1844 195 18 a a DT 1844 195 19 good good JJ 1844 195 20 solution solution NN 1844 195 21 for for IN 1844 195 22 those those DT 1844 195 23 institutions institution NNS 1844 195 24 not not RB 1844 195 25 confident confident JJ 1844 195 26 storing store VBG 1844 195 27 sensitive sensitive JJ 1844 195 28 data datum NNS 1844 195 29 in in IN 1844 195 30 public public JJ 1844 195 31 storage storage NN 1844 195 32 clouds cloud NNS 1844 195 33 and and CC 1844 195 34 those those DT 1844 195 35 institutions institution NNS 1844 195 36 having have VBG 1844 195 37 economic economic JJ 1844 195 38 and and CC 1844 195 39 technical technical JJ 1844 195 40 limitations limitation NNS 1844 195 41 for for IN 1844 195 42 building build VBG 1844 195 43 their -PRON- PRP$ 1844 195 44 own own JJ 1844 195 45 private private JJ 1844 195 46 cloud cloud NN 1844 195 47 . . . 1844 196 1 The the DT 1844 196 2 prototype prototype NN 1844 196 3 described describe VBN 1844 196 4 in in IN 1844 196 5 this this DT 1844 196 6 paper paper NN 1844 196 7 showed show VBD 1844 196 8 how how WRB 1844 196 9 feasible feasible JJ 1844 196 10 it -PRON- PRP 1844 196 11 is be VBZ 1844 196 12 to to TO 1844 196 13 build build VB 1844 196 14 a a DT 1844 196 15 modest modest JJ 1844 196 16 private private JJ 1844 196 17 cloud cloud NN 1844 196 18 and and CC 1844 196 19 combine combine VB 1844 196 20 it -PRON- PRP 1844 196 21 with with IN 1844 196 22 a a DT 1844 196 23 consolidated consolidated JJ 1844 196 24 public public JJ 1844 196 25 cloud cloud NN 1844 196 26 . . . 1844 197 1 In in IN 1844 197 2 this this DT 1844 197 3 context context NN 1844 197 4 , , , 1844 197 5 this this DT 1844 197 6 paper paper NN 1844 197 7 showed show VBD 1844 197 8 how how WRB 1844 197 9 the the DT 1844 197 10 use use NN 1844 197 11 of of IN 1844 197 12 a a DT 1844 197 13 replication replication NN 1844 197 14 technique technique NN 1844 197 15 based base VBN 1844 197 16 on on IN 1844 197 17 an an DT 1844 197 18 IDA IDA NNP 1844 197 19 has have VBZ 1844 197 20 the the DT 1844 197 21 benefits benefit NNS 1844 197 22 of of IN 1844 197 23 the the DT 1844 197 24 public public JJ 1844 197 25 cloud cloud NN 1844 197 26 storage storage NN 1844 197 27 without without IN 1844 197 28 exposing expose VBG 1844 197 29 the the DT 1844 197 30 complete complete JJ 1844 197 31 content content NN 1844 197 32 of of IN 1844 197 33 files file NNS 1844 197 34 via via IN 1844 197 35 a a DT 1844 197 36 third- third- JJ 1844 197 37 party party NN 1844 197 38 infrastructure infrastructure NN 1844 197 39 . . . 1844 198 1 REFERENCES reference NNS 1844 198 2 1 1 CD 1844 198 3 . . . 1844 199 1 John John NNP 1844 199 2 F. F. NNP 1844 199 3 Gantz Gantz NNP 1844 199 4 et et FW 1844 199 5 al al NNP 1844 199 6 . . NNP 1844 199 7 , , , 1844 199 8 “ " `` 1844 199 9 The the DT 1844 199 10 Expanding Expanding NNP 1844 199 11 Digital Digital NNP 1844 199 12 Universe universe NN 1844 199 13 : : . 1844 199 14 A a DT 1844 199 15 Forecast Forecast NNP 1844 199 16 of of IN 1844 199 17 Worldwide Worldwide NNP 1844 199 18 Information Information NNP 1844 199 19 Growth Growth NNP 1844 199 20 Through through IN 1844 199 21 2010 2010 CD 1844 199 22 , , , 1844 199 23 ” " '' 1844 199 24 An an DT 1844 199 25 IDC IDC NNP 1844 199 26 White White NNP 1844 199 27 Paper Paper NNP 1844 199 28 — — : 1844 199 29 sponsored sponsor VBN 1844 199 30 by by IN 1844 199 31 EMC EMC NNP 1844 199 32 , , , 1844 199 33 March March NNP 1844 199 34 2007 2007 CD 1844 199 35 , , , 1844 199 36 http://www.emc.com/collateral/analyst-reports/expanding-digital-idc-white-paper.pdf http://www.emc.com/collateral/analyst-reports/expanding-digital-idc-white-paper.pdf NNP 1844 199 37 ( ( -LRB- 1844 199 38 accessed access VBN 1844 199 39 September September NNP 1844 199 40 12 12 CD 1844 199 41 , , , 1844 199 42 2012 2012 CD 1844 199 43 ) ) -RRB- 1844 199 44 . . . 1844 200 1 2 2 LS 1844 200 2 . . . 1844 201 1 Jay Jay NNP 1844 201 2 Jordan Jordan NNP 1844 201 3 , , , 1844 201 4 “ " `` 1844 201 5 Climbing climb VBG 1844 201 6 Out out IN 1844 201 7 of of IN 1844 201 8 the the DT 1844 201 9 Box Box NNP 1844 201 10 and and CC 1844 201 11 Into into IN 1844 201 12 the the DT 1844 201 13 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 201 14 : : : 1844 201 15 Building Building NNP 1844 201 16 Web web NN 1844 201 17 - - HYPH 1844 201 18 Scale Scale NNP 1844 201 19 for for IN 1844 201 20 Libraries library NNS 1844 201 21 , , , 1844 201 22 ” " '' 1844 201 23 Journal Journal NNP 1844 201 24 of of IN 1844 201 25 Library Library NNP 1844 201 26 Administration Administration NNP 1844 201 27 51 51 CD 1844 201 28 , , , 1844 201 29 no no UH 1844 201 30 . . . 1844 202 1 1 1 CD 1844 202 2 ( ( -LRB- 1844 202 3 2011 2011 CD 1844 202 4 ) ) -RRB- 1844 202 5 : : : 1844 202 6 3–17 3–17 NNP 1844 202 7 , , , 1844 202 8 doi doi XX 1844 202 9 : : : 1844 202 10 10.1080/01930826.2011.531637 10.1080/01930826.2011.531637 CD 1844 202 11 . . . 1844 203 1 3 3 LS 1844 203 2 . . . 1844 204 1 Przemysław Przemysław NNP 1844 204 2 Skibiński Skibiński NNP 1844 204 3 and and CC 1844 204 4 Jakub Jakub NNP 1844 204 5 Swacha Swacha NNP 1844 204 6 , , , 1844 204 7 “ " `` 1844 204 8 The the DT 1844 204 9 Efficient efficient JJ 1844 204 10 Storage storage NN 1844 204 11 of of IN 1844 204 12 Text Text NNP 1844 204 13 Documents document NNS 1844 204 14 in in IN 1844 204 15 Digital Digital NNP 1844 204 16 Libraries Libraries NNPS 1844 204 17 , , , 1844 204 18 ” " '' 1844 204 19 Information Information NNP 1844 204 20 Technology Technology NNP 1844 204 21 & & CC 1844 204 22 Libraries Libraries NNP 1844 204 23 28 28 CD 1844 204 24 , , , 1844 204 25 no no UH 1844 204 26 . . . 1844 205 1 3 3 CD 1844 205 2 ( ( -LRB- 1844 205 3 2009 2009 CD 1844 205 4 ) ) -RRB- 1844 205 5 : : : 1844 205 6 143–53 143–53 CD 1844 205 7 . . . 1844 206 1 4 4 LS 1844 206 2 . . . 1844 207 1 Yan Yan NNP 1844 207 2 Han Han NNP 1844 207 3 , , , 1844 207 4 “ " `` 1844 207 5 On on IN 1844 207 6 the the DT 1844 207 7 Clouds Clouds NNPS 1844 207 8 : : : 1844 207 9 A a DT 1844 207 10 New New NNP 1844 207 11 Way Way NNP 1844 207 12 of of IN 1844 207 13 Computing computing NN 1844 207 14 , , , 1844 207 15 ” " '' 1844 207 16 Information Information NNP 1844 207 17 Technology Technology NNP 1844 207 18 & & CC 1844 207 19 Libraries Libraries NNP 1844 207 20 29 29 CD 1844 207 21 , , , 1844 207 22 no no UH 1844 207 23 . . . 1844 208 1 2 2 CD 1844 208 2 ( ( -LRB- 1844 208 3 2010 2010 CD 1844 208 4 ) ) -RRB- 1844 208 5 : : : 1844 208 6 87–92 87–92 LS 1844 208 7 ; ; : 1844 208 8 Tom Tom NNP 1844 208 9 Ipri Ipri NNP 1844 208 10 , , , 1844 208 11 “ " `` 1844 208 12 Where where WRB 1844 208 13 the the DT 1844 208 14 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 208 15 Meets meet VBZ 1844 208 16 the the DT 1844 208 17 Commons Commons NNPS 1844 208 18 , , , 1844 208 19 ” " '' 1844 208 20 Journal Journal NNP 1844 208 21 of of IN 1844 208 22 Web Web NNP 1844 208 23 Librarianship Librarianship NNP 1844 208 24 5 5 CD 1844 208 25 , , , 1844 208 26 no no UH 1844 208 27 . . . 1844 209 1 2 2 CD 1844 209 2 ( ( -LRB- 1844 209 3 2011 2011 CD 1844 209 4 ) ) -RRB- 1844 209 5 : : : 1844 209 6 132–41 132–41 CD 1844 209 7 , , , 1844 209 8 doi doi XX 1844 209 9 : : : 1844 209 10 10.1080/19322909.2011.573295 10.1080/19322909.2011.573295 NN 1844 209 11 . . . 1844 210 1 http://www.emc.com/collateral/analyst-reports/expanding-digital-idc-white-paper.pdf http://www.emc.com/collateral/analyst-reports/expanding-digital-idc-white-paper.pdf LS 1844 210 2 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 1844 210 3 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 1844 210 4 AND and CC 1844 210 5 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 1844 210 6 | | NNP 1844 210 7 DECEMBER DECEMBER NNP 1844 210 8 2012 2012 CD 1844 210 9 45 45 CD 1844 210 10 5 5 CD 1844 210 11 . . . 1844 211 1 Kernel Kernel NNP 1844 211 2 Based base VBN 1844 211 3 Virtual virtual JJ 1844 211 4 Machine Machine NNP 1844 211 5 homepage homepage NN 1844 211 6 , , , 1844 211 7 http://www.linux-kvm.org http://www.linux-kvm.org NNP 1844 211 8 ( ( -LRB- 1844 211 9 accessed access VBN 1844 211 10 September September NNP 1844 211 11 12 12 CD 1844 211 12 , , , 1844 211 13 2012 2012 CD 1844 211 14 ) ) -RRB- 1844 211 15 ; ; : 1844 211 16 Paul Paul NNP 1844 211 17 Barham Barham NNP 1844 211 18 et et FW 1844 211 19 al al NNP 1844 211 20 . . NNP 1844 211 21 , , , 1844 211 22 “ " `` 1844 211 23 Xen Xen NNP 1844 211 24 and and CC 1844 211 25 the the DT 1844 211 26 Art Art NNP 1844 211 27 of of IN 1844 211 28 Virtualization Virtualization NNP 1844 211 29 , , , 1844 211 30 ” " '' 1844 211 31 in in IN 1844 211 32 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 1844 211 33 of of IN 1844 211 34 the the DT 1844 211 35 19th 19th JJ 1844 211 36 ACM ACM NNP 1844 211 37 Symposium Symposium NNP 1844 211 38 on on IN 1844 211 39 Operating Operating NNP 1844 211 40 Systems Systems NNPS 1844 211 41 Principles(New Principles(New NNP 1844 211 42 York york NN 1844 211 43 : : : 1844 211 44 ACM ACM NNP 1844 211 45 , , , 1844 211 46 2003 2003 CD 1844 211 47 ) ) -RRB- 1844 211 48 , , , 1844 211 49 doi doi XX 1844 211 50 : : : 1844 211 51 10.1145/1165389.945462 10.1145/1165389.945462 NNS 1844 211 52 . . . 1844 212 1 6 6 CD 1844 212 2 . . . 1844 213 1 “ " `` 1844 213 2 XenVsKVM XenVsKVM NNP 1844 213 3 , , , 1844 213 4 ” " '' 1844 213 5 Linux Linux NNP 1844 213 6 Virtualization Virtualization NNP 1844 213 7 Wiki Wiki NNP 1844 213 8 , , , 1844 213 9 last last RB 1844 213 10 updated update VBN 1844 213 11 August August NNP 1844 213 12 16 16 CD 1844 213 13 , , , 1844 213 14 2008 2008 CD 1844 213 15 , , , 1844 213 16 http://virt.kernelnewbies.org/XenVsKVM http://virt.kernelnewbies.org/XenVsKVM , 1844 213 17 ( ( -LRB- 1844 213 18 accessed access VBN 1844 213 19 September September NNP 1844 213 20 12 12 CD 1844 213 21 , , , 1844 213 22 2012 2012 CD 1844 213 23 ) ) -RRB- 1844 213 24 . . . 1844 214 1 7 7 LS 1844 214 2 . . . 1844 215 1 Michael Michael NNP 1844 215 2 O. O. NNP 1844 215 3 Rabin Rabin NNP 1844 215 4 , , , 1844 215 5 “ " `` 1844 215 6 Efficient Efficient NNP 1844 215 7 Dispersal Dispersal NNP 1844 215 8 of of IN 1844 215 9 Information Information NNP 1844 215 10 for for IN 1844 215 11 Security Security NNP 1844 215 12 , , , 1844 215 13 Load Load NNP 1844 215 14 Balancing Balancing NNP 1844 215 15 , , , 1844 215 16 and and CC 1844 215 17 Fault Fault NNP 1844 215 18 Tolerance Tolerance NNP 1844 215 19 , , , 1844 215 20 ” " '' 1844 215 21 Journal Journal NNP 1844 215 22 of of IN 1844 215 23 the the DT 1844 215 24 ACM ACM NNP 1844 215 25 36 36 CD 1844 215 26 , , , 1844 215 27 no no UH 1844 215 28 . . . 1844 216 1 2 2 LS 1844 216 2 ( ( -LRB- 1844 216 3 April April NNP 1844 216 4 1989 1989 CD 1844 216 5 ) ) -RRB- 1844 216 6 : : : 1844 216 7 335–48 335–48 CD 1844 216 8 , , , 1844 216 9 doi doi XX 1844 216 10 : : : 1844 216 11 10.1145/62044.62050 10.1145/62044.62050 CD 1844 216 12 . . . 1844 217 1 8 8 LS 1844 217 2 . . . 1844 218 1 David David NNP 1844 218 2 A. A. NNP 1844 218 3 Patterson Patterson NNP 1844 218 4 , , , 1844 218 5 Garth Garth NNP 1844 218 6 Gibson Gibson NNP 1844 218 7 , , , 1844 218 8 and and CC 1844 218 9 Randy Randy NNP 1844 218 10 H. H. NNP 1844 218 11 Katz Katz NNP 1844 218 12 , , , 1844 218 13 “ " `` 1844 218 14 A a DT 1844 218 15 Case case NN 1844 218 16 for for IN 1844 218 17 Redundant Redundant NNP 1844 218 18 Arrays Arrays NNP 1844 218 19 of of IN 1844 218 20 Inexpensive Inexpensive NNP 1844 218 21 Disks Disks NNP 1844 218 22 ( ( -LRB- 1844 218 23 RAID RAID NNP 1844 218 24 ) ) -RRB- 1844 218 25 , , , 1844 218 26 ” " '' 1844 218 27 Proceedings proceeding NNS 1844 218 28 of of IN 1844 218 29 the the DT 1844 218 30 1988 1988 CD 1844 218 31 ACM ACM NNP 1844 218 32 SIGMOD SIGMOD NNP 1844 218 33 International International NNP 1844 218 34 Conference Conference NNP 1844 218 35 on on IN 1844 218 36 Management Management NNP 1844 218 37 of of IN 1844 218 38 Data Data NNP 1844 218 39 ( ( -LRB- 1844 218 40 New New NNP 1844 218 41 York York NNP 1844 218 42 : : : 1844 218 43 ACM ACM NNP 1844 218 44 , , , 1844 218 45 2008 2008 CD 1844 218 46 ) ) -RRB- 1844 218 47 , , , 1844 218 48 109–16 109–16 CD 1844 218 49 , , , 1844 218 50 doi doi NN 1844 218 51 : : : 1844 218 52 10.1145/50202.50214 10.1145/50202.50214 CD 1844 218 53 . . . 1844 219 1 9 9 CD 1844 219 2 . . . 1844 220 1 “ " `` 1844 220 2 Features feature NNS 1844 220 3 — — : 1844 220 4 Simplify simplify VB 1844 220 5 Your -PRON- PRP$ 1844 220 6 Life life NN 1844 220 7 , , , 1844 220 8 ” " '' 1844 220 9 Dropbox dropbox NN 1844 220 10 , , , 1844 220 11 http://www.dropbox.com/features http://www.dropbox.com/features ADD 1844 220 12 ( ( -LRB- 1844 220 13 accessed access VBN 1844 220 14 September September NNP 1844 220 15 12 12 CD 1844 220 16 , , , 1844 220 17 2012 2012 CD 1844 220 18 ) ) -RRB- 1844 220 19 . . . 1844 221 1 10 10 CD 1844 221 2 . . . 1844 222 1 Jose Jose NNP 1844 222 2 L. L. NNP 1844 222 3 Gonzalez Gonzalez NNP 1844 222 4 and and CC 1844 222 5 Ricardo Ricardo NNP 1844 222 6 Marcelin Marcelin NNP 1844 222 7 - - HYPH 1844 222 8 Jimenez Jimenez NNP 1844 222 9 , , , 1844 222 10 “ " `` 1844 222 11 Phoenix Phoenix NNP 1844 222 12 : : : 1844 222 13 A a DT 1844 222 14 Fault Fault NNP 1844 222 15 - - HYPH 1844 222 16 Tolerant tolerant JJ 1844 222 17 Distributed distribute VBN 1844 222 18 Web web NN 1844 222 19 Storage storage NN 1844 222 20 Based base VBN 1844 222 21 on on IN 1844 222 22 URLs url NNS 1844 222 23 , , , 1844 222 24 ” " '' 1844 222 25 in in IN 1844 222 26 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 1844 222 27 of of IN 1844 222 28 the the DT 1844 222 29 IEEE IEEE NNP 1844 222 30 9th 9th NN 1844 222 31 International International NNP 1844 222 32 Symposium Symposium NNP 1844 222 33 on on IN 1844 222 34 Parallel Parallel NNP 1844 222 35 and and CC 1844 222 36 Distributed distribute VBN 1844 222 37 Processing processing NN 1844 222 38 with with IN 1844 222 39 Applications Applications NNPS 1844 222 40 ( ( -LRB- 1844 222 41 ISPA ISPA NNP 1844 222 42 , , , 1844 222 43 2011 2011 CD 1844 222 44 ) ) -RRB- 1844 222 45 : : : 1844 222 46 282–87 282–87 CD 1844 222 47 , , , 1844 222 48 doi doi XX 1844 222 49 : : : 1844 222 50 10.1109 10.1109 CD 1844 222 51 / / SYM 1844 222 52 ISPA.2011.33 ISPA.2011.33 NNP 1844 222 53 . . . 1844 223 1 11 11 CD 1844 223 2 . . . 1844 224 1 “ " `` 1844 224 2 Autobench Autobench NNP 1844 224 3 , , , 1844 224 4 ” " '' 1844 224 5 Xenoclast Xenoclast NNP 1844 224 6 , , , 1844 224 7 last last JJ 1844 224 8 updated update VBN 1844 224 9 March March NNP 1844 224 10 31 31 CD 1844 224 11 , , , 1844 224 12 2012 2012 CD 1844 224 13 , , , 1844 224 14 http://www.xenoclast.org/autobench http://www.xenoclast.org/autobench ADD 1844 224 15 ( ( -LRB- 1844 224 16 accessed access VBN 1844 224 17 September September NNP 1844 224 18 12 12 CD 1844 224 19 , , , 1844 224 20 2012 2012 CD 1844 224 21 ) ) -RRB- 1844 224 22 . . . 1844 225 1 12 12 CD 1844 225 2 . . . 1844 226 1 Hussam Hussam NNP 1844 226 2 Abu Abu NNP 1844 226 3 - - HYPH 1844 226 4 Libdeh Libdeh NNP 1844 226 5 , , , 1844 226 6 Lonnie Lonnie NNP 1844 226 7 Princehouse Princehouse NNP 1844 226 8 , , , 1844 226 9 and and CC 1844 226 10 Hakim Hakim NNP 1844 226 11 Weatherspoon Weatherspoon NNP 1844 226 12 , , , 1844 226 13 “ " `` 1844 226 14 RACS RACS NNP 1844 226 15 : : : 1844 226 16 A a DT 1844 226 17 Case Case NNP 1844 226 18 for for IN 1844 226 19 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 226 20 Storage Storage NNP 1844 226 21 Diversity Diversity NNP 1844 226 22 , , , 1844 226 23 ” " '' 1844 226 24 in in IN 1844 226 25 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 1844 226 26 of of IN 1844 226 27 the the DT 1844 226 28 1st 1st JJ 1844 226 29 ACM ACM NNP 1844 226 30 Symposium Symposium NNP 1844 226 31 on on IN 1844 226 32 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 226 33 Computing Computing NNP 1844 226 34 ( ( -LRB- 1844 226 35 New New NNP 1844 226 36 York York NNP 1844 226 37 : : : 1844 226 38 ACM ACM NNP 1844 226 39 , , , 1844 226 40 2010 2010 CD 1844 226 41 ) ) -RRB- 1844 226 42 , , , 1844 226 43 229–40 229–40 CD 1844 226 44 , , , 1844 226 45 doi doi NN 1844 226 46 : : : 1844 226 47 10.1145/1807128.1807165 10.1145/1807128.1807165 CD 1844 226 48 . . . 1844 227 1 13 13 CD 1844 227 2 . . . 1844 228 1 Kevin Kevin NNP 1844 228 2 D. D. NNP 1844 228 3 Bowers Bowers NNP 1844 228 4 , , , 1844 228 5 Ari Ari NNP 1844 228 6 Juels Juels NNP 1844 228 7 , , , 1844 228 8 and and CC 1844 228 9 Alina Alina NNP 1844 228 10 Oprea Oprea NNP 1844 228 11 , , , 1844 228 12 “ " `` 1844 228 13 HAIL hail NN 1844 228 14 : : : 1844 228 15 A a DT 1844 228 16 High High NNP 1844 228 17 - - HYPH 1844 228 18 Availability Availability NNP 1844 228 19 and and CC 1844 228 20 Integrity Integrity NNP 1844 228 21 Layer Layer NNP 1844 228 22 for for IN 1844 228 23 Cloud Cloud NNP 1844 228 24 Storage Storage NNP 1844 228 25 , , , 1844 228 26 ” " '' 1844 228 27 in in IN 1844 228 28 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 1844 228 29 of of IN 1844 228 30 the the DT 1844 228 31 16th 16th JJ 1844 228 32 ACM ACM NNP 1844 228 33 Conference Conference NNP 1844 228 34 on on IN 1844 228 35 Computer Computer NNP 1844 228 36 and and CC 1844 228 37 Communications Communications NNPS 1844 228 38 Security Security NNP 1844 228 39 ( ( -LRB- 1844 228 40 New New NNP 1844 228 41 York York NNP 1844 228 42 : : : 1844 228 43 ACM ACM NNP 1844 228 44 , , , 1844 228 45 2009 2009 CD 1844 228 46 ) ) -RRB- 1844 228 47 , , , 1844 228 48 187–98 187–98 CD 1844 228 49 , , , 1844 228 50 doi doi XX 1844 228 51 : : : 1844 228 52 10.1145/1653662.1653686 10.1145/1653662.1653686 NNS 1844 228 53 . . . 1844 229 1 14 14 CD 1844 229 2 . . . 1844 230 1 I. I. NNP 1844 230 2 S. S. NNP 1844 230 3 Reed Reed NNP 1844 230 4 and and CC 1844 230 5 G. G. NNP 1844 230 6 Solomon Solomon NNP 1844 230 7 , , , 1844 230 8 “ " `` 1844 230 9 Polynomial Polynomial NNP 1844 230 10 Codes Codes NNPS 1844 230 11 Over over IN 1844 230 12 Certain Certain NNP 1844 230 13 Finite Finite NNP 1844 230 14 Fields Fields NNPS 1844 230 15 , , , 1844 230 16 ” " '' 1844 230 17 Journal Journal NNP 1844 230 18 of of IN 1844 230 19 the the DT 1844 230 20 Society Society NNP 1844 230 21 for for IN 1844 230 22 Industrial Industrial NNP 1844 230 23 & & CC 1844 230 24 Applied Applied NNP 1844 230 25 Mathematics Mathematics NNP 1844 230 26 8 8 CD 1844 230 27 , , , 1844 230 28 no no UH 1844 230 29 . . . 1844 231 1 2 2 CD 1844 231 2 ( ( -LRB- 1844 231 3 1960 1960 CD 1844 231 4 ) ) -RRB- 1844 231 5 : : : 1844 231 6 300–304 300–304 LS 1844 231 7 . . . 1844 232 1 http://www.xenoclast.org/autobench http://www.xenoclast.org/autobench ADD