This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.
This study carrel was created on 2021-01-08 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.
All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.
There are 136 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 608,547 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 4,474 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.
On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 57. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.
By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:
library, libraries, information, http, technology, data, use, users, web, one, www, search, digital, org, also, new, used, content, services, user, system, university, research, will, using, time, students, percent, access, figure, com, mobile, study, may, systems, website, resources, many, doi, results, two, software, public, librarians, open, work, reference, number, edu, based
Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are User Authentication in the Public Areas of Academic Libraries in North Carolina, Evaluating Web-Scale Discovery Services: A Step-by-Step Guide, and Rural Public Libraries and Digital Inclusion: Issues and Challenges.
The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:
information technology, et al, public library, libraries september, libraries december, libraries june, discovery tools, new york, academic libraries, digital preservation, library website, public libraries, academic library, digital library, library staff, mncat plus, file formats, yes yes, university library, library system, united states, state university, digital libraries, usability testing, libraries march, data center, open source, mncat classic, resource description, library services, cloud computing, library systems, pdf http, information science, library resources, mobile devices, management system, cultural heritage, mobile site, source software, mobile website, chat reference, google maps, integrated library, library web, rural libraries, library automation, see figure, web services, content management
And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Examining Attributes of Open Standard File Formats for Long-term Preservation and Open Access Reference Information Extraction and Processing Using Random Conditional Fields, and High-Performance Annotation Tagging over Solr Full-text Indexes.
While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:
Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:
library, lita, information, university, technology, libraries, web, system, student, search, google, user, mobile, ital, ils, digital, work, website, reference, primo, preservation, page, open, marc, lis, link, internet, datum, data, content, collection, xml, united, tool, texas, subject, sru, source, software, social, services, rss, result, reader, public, privacy, pdf, map, hunter, guide
And now word clouds really begin to shine:
Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be library, and Editorial and Technological Workflow Tools to Promote Website Quality is most about that word.
If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:
If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:
Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:
Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":
library, libraries, information, users, data, %, technology, search, web, user, content, services, system, time, access, students, resources, research, percent, study, results, use, website, software, number, text, figure, librarians, systems, tools, service, site, staff, survey, e, process, metadata, reference, participants, discovery, work, example, book, page, article, catalog, source, collections, -, design
An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:
is, are, be, was, have, were, has, used, using, use, do, been, had, based, provide, see, does, accessed, make, did, find, found, being, libraries, need, made, including, include, given, included, required, offer, help, create, provides, created, asked, provided, searching, allow, related, ’s, support, making, set, developed, needed, providing, take, know
An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.
_, library, libraries, information, university, |, technology, journal, google, digital, al, discovery, ., june, ar, e, new, marc, research, mobile, services, september, •, et, ils, lita, web, data, december, academic, librarian, gis, college, systems, a, search, science, mncat, metadata, public, cms, j., management, march, state, pdf, im, social, online, user
An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"
it, their, we, they, i, our, its, you, them, your, my, us, she, he, his, her, themselves, itself, me, one, him, ourselves, ’s, oneself, herself, yourself, myself, himself, ours, on, mine, s, http://library.osu.edu/find/collections/theatre-research-institute/, http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02640470910966934, 𝑞′, www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub106/pub106.pdf, world.49,50, well-, utilities, themes,6, theirs, qf, pe, p, ng, information.2, inac-, ian, http://www.techsupportalert.com/content/best-free-microsoft-downloads.htm, http://www.lib.umich.edu/content/libguides-guerilla-testing
Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.
Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"
other, such, more, new, many, digital, mobile, different, available, open, library, most, academic, public, same, important, current, subject, specific, first, full, several, social, |, online, possible, able, relevant, local, particular, own, large, electronic, -, physical, similar, additional, useful, few, multiple, next, single, technical, significant, common, traditional, various, much, high, best
not, also, only, more, however, then, so, most, well, very, up, even, often, as, out, e.g., n’t, just, still, now, there, rather, first, currently, much, already, online, easily, further, directly, here, therefore, instead, once, too, thus, especially, together, always, simply, far, on, highly, usually, yet, frequently, particularly, better, ibid, finally
There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.
Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.
Thank you for using the Distant Reader.