id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
3237	1	1	Author	author	NN
3237	1	2	ID	ID	NNP
3237	1	3	?	?	.
3237	2	1	mEtaPHor	mEtaPHor	NNP
3237	2	2	’s	’s	POS
3237	2	3	rolE	rolE	,
3237	2	4	in	in	IN
3237	2	5	tHE	the	DT
3237	2	6	inFormation	information	NN
3237	2	7	BEHavior	behavior	NN
3237	2	8	oF	of	IN
3237	2	9	Humans	human	NNS
3237	2	10	intEractinG	interact	VBZ
3237	2	11	witH	with	IN
3237	2	12	comPutErs	computers	CD
3237	2	13	|	|	CD
3237	2	14	sEasE	sease	CC
3237	2	15	9	9	CD
3237	2	16	Robin	Robin	NNP
3237	2	17	Sease	Sease	NNP
3237	2	18	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	2	19	’s	’s	POS
3237	2	20	Role	Role	NNP
3237	2	21	in	in	IN
3237	2	22	the	the	DT
3237	2	23	Information	Information	NNP
3237	2	24	Behavior	Behavior	NNP
3237	2	25	of	of	IN
3237	2	26	Humans	Humans	NNPS
3237	2	27	Interacting	interact	VBG
3237	2	28	with	with	IN
3237	2	29	Computers	Computers	NNPS
3237	2	30	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	2	31	convey	convey	VBP
3237	2	32	information	information	NN
3237	2	33	,	,	,
3237	2	34	communicate	communicate	VBP
3237	2	35	abstrac-	abstrac-	JJ
3237	2	36	tions	tion	NNS
3237	2	37	,	,	,
3237	2	38	and	and	CC
3237	2	39	help	help	VB
3237	2	40	us	-PRON-	PRP
3237	2	41	understand	understand	VB
3237	2	42	new	new	JJ
3237	2	43	concepts	concept	NNS
3237	2	44	.	.	.
3237	3	1	While	while	IN
3237	3	2	the	the	DT
3237	3	3	nascent	nascent	JJ
3237	3	4	field	field	NN
3237	3	5	of	of	IN
3237	3	6	information	information	NN
3237	3	7	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	3	8	(	(	-LRB-
3237	3	9	IB	IB	NNP
3237	3	10	)	)	-RRB-
3237	3	11	has	have	VBZ
3237	3	12	adopted	adopt	VBN
3237	3	13	common	common	JJ
3237	3	14	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	3	15	like	like	IN
3237	3	16	“	"	``
3237	3	17	berry	berry	NN
3237	3	18	-	-	HYPH
3237	3	19	picking	picking	NN
3237	3	20	”	"	''
3237	3	21	and	and	CC
3237	3	22	“	"	``
3237	3	23	gap	gap	NN
3237	3	24	-	-	HYPH
3237	3	25	bridg-	bridg-	NN
3237	3	26	ing	ing	NN
3237	3	27	”	"	''
3237	3	28	for	for	IN
3237	3	29	its	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	3	30	models	model	NNS
3237	3	31	,	,	,
3237	3	32	the	the	DT
3237	3	33	study	study	NN
3237	3	34	of	of	IN
3237	3	35	how	how	WRB
3237	3	36	people	people	NNS
3237	3	37	use	use	VBP
3237	3	38	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	3	39	is	be	VBZ
3237	3	40	only	only	RB
3237	3	41	now	now	RB
3237	3	42	emerging	emerge	VBG
3237	3	43	in	in	IN
3237	3	44	the	the	DT
3237	3	45	subfield	subfield	NN
3237	3	46	of	of	IN
3237	3	47	human	human	JJ
3237	3	48	informa-	informa-	NNP
3237	3	49	tion	tion	NN
3237	3	50	organizing	organize	VBG
3237	3	51	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	3	52	(	(	-LRB-
3237	3	53	HIOB	HIOB	NNP
3237	3	54	)	)	-RRB-
3237	3	55	.	.	.
3237	4	1	Metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	4	2	have	have	VBP
3237	4	3	been	be	VBN
3237	4	4	adopted	adopt	VBN
3237	4	5	in	in	IN
3237	4	6	human	human	JJ
3237	4	7	–	–	:
3237	4	8	computer	computer	NN
3237	4	9	interaction	interaction	NN
3237	4	10	(	(	-LRB-
3237	4	11	HCI	HCI	NNP
3237	4	12	)	)	-RRB-
3237	4	13	to	to	TO
3237	4	14	facili-	facili-	VB
3237	4	15	tate	tate	NNP
3237	4	16	the	the	DT
3237	4	17	dialogue	dialogue	NN
3237	4	18	between	between	IN
3237	4	19	user	user	NN
3237	4	20	and	and	CC
3237	4	21	system	system	NN
3237	4	22	.	.	.
3237	5	1	Exploration	exploration	NN
3237	5	2	of	of	IN
3237	5	3	the	the	DT
3237	5	4	literature	literature	NN
3237	5	5	on	on	IN
3237	5	6	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	5	7	in	in	IN
3237	5	8	the	the	DT
3237	5	9	fields	field	NNS
3237	5	10	of	of	IN
3237	5	11	linguistics	linguistic	NNS
3237	5	12	and	and	CC
3237	5	13	cognitive	cognitive	JJ
3237	5	14	science	science	NN
3237	5	15	as	as	RB
3237	5	16	well	well	RB
3237	5	17	as	as	IN
3237	5	18	an	an	DT
3237	5	19	examination	examination	NN
3237	5	20	of	of	IN
3237	5	21	the	the	DT
3237	5	22	history	history	NN
3237	5	23	of	of	IN
3237	5	24	use	use	NN
3237	5	25	of	of	IN
3237	5	26	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	5	27	in	in	IN
3237	5	28	HCI	HCI	NNP
3237	5	29	as	as	IN
3237	5	30	a	a	DT
3237	5	31	case	case	NN
3237	5	32	study	study	NN
3237	5	33	of	of	IN
3237	5	34	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	5	35	usage	usage	NN
3237	5	36	offers	offer	VBZ
3237	5	37	insight	insight	NN
3237	5	38	into	into	IN
3237	5	39	the	the	DT
3237	5	40	role	role	NN
3237	5	41	of	of	IN
3237	5	42	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	5	43	in	in	IN
3237	5	44	human	human	JJ
3237	5	45	information	information	NN
3237	5	46	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	5	47	.	.	.
3237	6	1	Editor	editor	NN
3237	6	2	’s	’s	POS
3237	6	3	note	note	NN
3237	6	4	:	:	:
3237	6	5	This	this	DT
3237	6	6	article	article	NN
3237	6	7	is	be	VBZ
3237	6	8	the	the	DT
3237	6	9	winner	winner	NN
3237	6	10	of	of	IN
3237	6	11	the	the	DT
3237	6	12	LITA/	LITA/	NNP
3237	6	13	Ex	Ex	NNP
3237	6	14	Libris	Libris	NNP
3237	6	15	Writing	Writing	NNP
3237	6	16	Award	Award	NNP
3237	6	17	,	,	,
3237	6	18	2008	2008	CD
3237	6	19	.	.	.
3237	7	1	O	o	UH
3237	7	2	ur	ur	NNP
3237	7	3	world	world	NN
3237	7	4	is	be	VBZ
3237	7	5	growing	grow	VBG
3237	7	6	increasingly	increasingly	RB
3237	7	7	digital	digital	JJ
3237	7	8	;	;	:
3237	7	9	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	7	10	entire	entire	JJ
3237	7	11	lives	life	NNS
3237	7	12	—	—	:
3237	7	13	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	7	14	interactions	interaction	NNS
3237	7	15	,	,	,
3237	7	16	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	7	17	entertainment	entertainment	NN
3237	7	18	,	,	,
3237	7	19	even	even	RB
3237	7	20	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	7	21	personal	personal	JJ
3237	7	22	memories	memory	NNS
3237	7	23	—	—	:
3237	7	24	are	be	VBP
3237	7	25	mediated	mediate	VBN
3237	7	26	by	by	IN
3237	7	27	technol-	technol-	NN
3237	7	28	ogy	ogy	NN
3237	7	29	.	.	.
3237	8	1	Humans	human	NNS
3237	8	2	have	have	VBP
3237	8	3	had	have	VBN
3237	8	4	thousands	thousand	NNS
3237	8	5	of	of	IN
3237	8	6	years	year	NNS
3237	8	7	to	to	TO
3237	8	8	learn	learn	VB
3237	8	9	to	to	TO
3237	8	10	communicate	communicate	VB
3237	8	11	with	with	IN
3237	8	12	each	each	DT
3237	8	13	other	other	JJ
3237	8	14	,	,	,
3237	8	15	largely	largely	RB
3237	8	16	employing	employ	VBG
3237	8	17	meta-	meta-	JJ
3237	8	18	phors	phor	NNS
3237	8	19	and	and	CC
3237	8	20	analogies	analogy	NNS
3237	8	21	to	to	TO
3237	8	22	negotiate	negotiate	VB
3237	8	23	meaning	meaning	NN
3237	8	24	.	.	.
3237	9	1	Our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	9	2	experi-	experi-	JJ
3237	9	3	ence	ence	NN
3237	9	4	communicating	communicate	VBG
3237	9	5	with	with	IN
3237	9	6	computers	computer	NNS
3237	9	7	is	be	VBZ
3237	9	8	both	both	DT
3237	9	9	nascent	nascent	JJ
3237	9	10	yet	yet	RB
3237	9	11	broadening	broaden	VBG
3237	9	12	every	every	DT
3237	9	13	day	day	NN
3237	9	14	with	with	IN
3237	9	15	increasing	increase	VBG
3237	9	16	dependency	dependency	NN
3237	9	17	.	.	.
3237	10	1	We	-PRON-	PRP
3237	10	2	must	must	MD
3237	10	3	fully	fully	RB
3237	10	4	understand	understand	VB
3237	10	5	the	the	DT
3237	10	6	role	role	NN
3237	10	7	that	that	WDT
3237	10	8	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	10	9	play	play	VBP
3237	10	10	in	in	IN
3237	10	11	the	the	DT
3237	10	12	exchange	exchange	NN
3237	10	13	of	of	IN
3237	10	14	information	information	NN
3237	10	15	to	to	TO
3237	10	16	facilitate	facilitate	VB
3237	10	17	the	the	DT
3237	10	18	communication	communication	NN
3237	10	19	between	between	IN
3237	10	20	humans	human	NNS
3237	10	21	and	and	CC
3237	10	22	computers	computer	NNS
3237	10	23	.	.	.
3237	11	1	n	n	NNP
3237	11	2	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNP
3237	11	3	:	:	:
3237	11	4	a	a	DT
3237	11	5	definition	definition	NN
3237	11	6	Originally	originally	RB
3237	11	7	regarded	regard	VBN
3237	11	8	as	as	IN
3237	11	9	rhetorical	rhetorical	JJ
3237	11	10	devices	device	NNS
3237	11	11	,	,	,
3237	11	12	Plato	Plato	NNP
3237	11	13	abhorred	abhor	VBD
3237	11	14	the	the	DT
3237	11	15	use	use	NN
3237	11	16	of	of	IN
3237	11	17	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	11	18	,	,	,
3237	11	19	arguing	argue	VBG
3237	11	20	that	that	IN
3237	11	21	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	11	22	could	could	MD
3237	11	23	convince	convince	VB
3237	11	24	a	a	DT
3237	11	25	man	man	NN
3237	11	26	to	to	TO
3237	11	27	do	do	VB
3237	11	28	the	the	DT
3237	11	29	illogical	illogical	NN
3237	11	30	.	.	.
3237	12	1	Schön	Schön	NNP
3237	12	2	explains	explain	VBZ
3237	12	3	that	that	IN
3237	12	4	at	at	IN
3237	12	5	that	that	DT
3237	12	6	time	time	NN
3237	12	7	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	12	8	were	be	VBD
3237	12	9	considered	consider	VBN
3237	12	10	a	a	DT
3237	12	11	“	"	``
3237	12	12	kind	kind	NN
3237	12	13	of	of	RB
3237	12	14	anomaly	anomaly	JJ
3237	12	15	of	of	IN
3237	12	16	language	language	NN
3237	12	17	,	,	,
3237	12	18	one	one	CD
3237	12	19	which	which	WDT
3237	12	20	must	must	MD
3237	12	21	be	be	VB
3237	12	22	dispelled	dispel	VBN
3237	12	23	in	in	IN
3237	12	24	order	order	NN
3237	12	25	to	to	TO
3237	12	26	clear	clear	VB
3237	12	27	the	the	DT
3237	12	28	path	path	NN
3237	12	29	for	for	IN
3237	12	30	a	a	DT
3237	12	31	general	general	JJ
3237	12	32	theory	theory	NN
3237	12	33	of	of	IN
3237	12	34	reference	reference	NN
3237	12	35	or	or	CC
3237	12	36	meaning	meaning	NN
3237	12	37	.	.	.
3237	12	38	”1	”1	''
3237	12	39	Aristotle	Aristotle	NNP
3237	12	40	,	,	,
3237	12	41	on	on	IN
3237	12	42	the	the	DT
3237	12	43	other	other	JJ
3237	12	44	hand	hand	NN
3237	12	45	,	,	,
3237	12	46	saw	see	VBD
3237	12	47	that	that	IN
3237	12	48	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	12	49	provided	provide	VBD
3237	12	50	insight	insight	NN
3237	12	51	into	into	IN
3237	12	52	the	the	DT
3237	12	53	items	item	NNS
3237	12	54	of	of	IN
3237	12	55	comparison	comparison	NN
3237	12	56	.	.	.
3237	13	1	“	"	``
3237	13	2	Ordinary	ordinary	JJ
3237	13	3	words	word	NNS
3237	13	4	convey	convey	VBP
3237	13	5	only	only	RB
3237	13	6	what	what	WP
3237	13	7	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	13	8	know	know	VBP
3237	13	9	already	already	RB
3237	13	10	;	;	:
3237	13	11	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	13	12	is	be	VBZ
3237	13	13	from	from	IN
3237	13	14	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	13	15	that	that	WDT
3237	13	16	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	13	17	can	can	MD
3237	13	18	best	best	RB
3237	13	19	get	get	VB
3237	13	20	hold	hold	NN
3237	13	21	of	of	IN
3237	13	22	something	something	NN
3237	13	23	new	new	JJ
3237	13	24	.	.	.
3237	13	25	”2	”2	NNP
3237	13	26	Traditionally	traditionally	RB
3237	13	27	the	the	DT
3237	13	28	objects	object	NNS
3237	13	29	in	in	IN
3237	13	30	the	the	DT
3237	13	31	equation	equation	NN
3237	13	32	have	have	VBP
3237	13	33	been	be	VBN
3237	13	34	called	call	VBN
3237	13	35	the	the	DT
3237	13	36	tenor	tenor	NN
3237	13	37	and	and	CC
3237	13	38	the	the	DT
3237	13	39	vehicle	vehicle	NN
3237	13	40	,	,	,
3237	13	41	but	but	CC
3237	13	42	more	more	RBR
3237	13	43	recently	recently	RB
3237	13	44	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	13	45	are	be	VBP
3237	13	46	referred	refer	VBN
3237	13	47	to	to	IN
3237	13	48	as	as	IN
3237	13	49	the	the	DT
3237	13	50	target	target	NN
3237	13	51	and	and	CC
3237	13	52	source	source	NN
3237	13	53	domains	domain	NNS
3237	13	54	.	.	.
3237	14	1	In	in	IN
3237	14	2	the	the	DT
3237	14	3	meta-	meta-	JJ
3237	14	4	phor	phor	NN
3237	14	5	,	,	,
3237	14	6	“	"	``
3237	14	7	Alex	Alex	NNP
3237	14	8	is	be	VBZ
3237	14	9	a	a	DT
3237	14	10	space	space	NN
3237	14	11	cadet	cadet	NN
3237	14	12	,	,	,
3237	14	13	”	"	''
3237	14	14	Alex	Alex	NNP
3237	14	15	is	be	VBZ
3237	14	16	the	the	DT
3237	14	17	tenor	tenor	NN
3237	14	18	or	or	CC
3237	14	19	target	target	VB
3237	14	20	domain	domain	NN
3237	14	21	(	(	-LRB-
3237	14	22	the	the	DT
3237	14	23	abstract	abstract	JJ
3237	14	24	or	or	CC
3237	14	25	undefined	undefined	JJ
3237	14	26	)	)	-RRB-
3237	14	27	,	,	,
3237	14	28	and	and	CC
3237	14	29	space	space	NN
3237	14	30	cadet	cadet	NN
3237	14	31	rep-	rep-	NN
3237	14	32	resents	resent	VBZ
3237	14	33	the	the	DT
3237	14	34	vehicle	vehicle	NN
3237	14	35	or	or	CC
3237	14	36	source	source	NN
3237	14	37	domain	domain	NN
3237	14	38	(	(	-LRB-
3237	14	39	the	the	DT
3237	14	40	known	know	VBN
3237	14	41	)	)	-RRB-
3237	14	42	.	.	.
3237	15	1	If	if	IN
3237	15	2	“	"	``
3237	15	3	the	the	DT
3237	15	4	essence	essence	NN
3237	15	5	of	of	IN
3237	15	6	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	15	7	is	be	VBZ
3237	15	8	understanding	understand	VBG
3237	15	9	and	and	CC
3237	15	10	experiencing	experience	VBG
3237	15	11	one	one	CD
3237	15	12	thing	thing	NN
3237	15	13	in	in	IN
3237	15	14	terms	term	NNS
3237	15	15	of	of	IN
3237	15	16	another	another	DT
3237	15	17	,	,	,
3237	15	18	”	"	''
3237	15	19	then	then	RB
3237	15	20	the	the	DT
3237	15	21	vehicle	vehicle	NN
3237	15	22	or	or	CC
3237	15	23	the	the	DT
3237	15	24	source	source	NN
3237	15	25	domain	domain	NN
3237	15	26	is	be	VBZ
3237	15	27	responsible	responsible	JJ
3237	15	28	for	for	IN
3237	15	29	elucidating	elucidate	VBG
3237	15	30	the	the	DT
3237	15	31	tenor	tenor	NN
3237	15	32	or	or	CC
3237	15	33	target	target	VB
3237	15	34	domain.3	domain.3	NNP
3237	15	35	One	one	CD
3237	15	36	measures	measure	VBZ
3237	15	37	the	the	DT
3237	15	38	relationship	relationship	NN
3237	15	39	between	between	IN
3237	15	40	these	these	DT
3237	15	41	domains	domain	NNS
3237	15	42	,	,	,
3237	15	43	the	the	DT
3237	15	44	tenor	tenor	NN
3237	15	45	and	and	CC
3237	15	46	the	the	DT
3237	15	47	vehicle	vehicle	NN
3237	15	48	,	,	,
3237	15	49	with	with	IN
3237	15	50	“	"	``
3237	15	51	ground	ground	NN
3237	15	52	”	"	''
3237	15	53	and	and	CC
3237	15	54	“	"	``
3237	15	55	tension	tension	NN
3237	15	56	.	.	.
3237	15	57	”	"	''
3237	15	58	Ground	ground	NN
3237	15	59	concerns	concern	VBZ
3237	15	60	the	the	DT
3237	15	61	similarities	similarity	NNS
3237	15	62	between	between	IN
3237	15	63	the	the	DT
3237	15	64	domains	domain	NNS
3237	15	65	and	and	CC
3237	15	66	tension	tension	NN
3237	15	67	represents	represent	VBZ
3237	15	68	the	the	DT
3237	15	69	dissimilarities.4	dissimilarities.4	NNP
3237	15	70	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	15	71	have	have	VBP
3237	15	72	been	be	VBN
3237	15	73	studied	study	VBN
3237	15	74	from	from	IN
3237	15	75	multiple	multiple	JJ
3237	15	76	perspec-	perspec-	NNP
3237	15	77	tives	tive	NNS
3237	15	78	:	:	:
3237	15	79	from	from	IN
3237	15	80	the	the	DT
3237	15	81	creative	creative	JJ
3237	15	82	use	use	NN
3237	15	83	of	of	IN
3237	15	84	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	15	85	in	in	IN
3237	15	86	literature	literature	NN
3237	15	87	to	to	IN
3237	15	88	the	the	DT
3237	15	89	comprehension	comprehension	NN
3237	15	90	or	or	CC
3237	15	91	appreciation	appreciation	NN
3237	15	92	of	of	IN
3237	15	93	metaphors.5	metaphors.5	NN
3237	15	94	The	the	DT
3237	15	95	research	research	NN
3237	15	96	from	from	IN
3237	15	97	other	other	JJ
3237	15	98	disciplines	discipline	NNS
3237	15	99	can	can	MD
3237	15	100	offer	offer	VB
3237	15	101	insight	insight	NN
3237	15	102	into	into	IN
3237	15	103	the	the	DT
3237	15	104	effect	effect	NN
3237	15	105	of	of	IN
3237	15	106	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	15	107	on	on	IN
3237	15	108	human	human	JJ
3237	15	109	information	information	NN
3237	15	110	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	15	111	.	.	.
3237	16	1	I	-PRON-	PRP
3237	16	2	will	will	MD
3237	16	3	first	first	RB
3237	16	4	discuss	discuss	VB
3237	16	5	the	the	DT
3237	16	6	use	use	NN
3237	16	7	of	of	IN
3237	16	8	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	16	9	in	in	IN
3237	16	10	language	language	NN
3237	16	11	and	and	CC
3237	16	12	then	then	RB
3237	16	13	review	review	VB
3237	16	14	some	some	DT
3237	16	15	of	of	IN
3237	16	16	the	the	DT
3237	16	17	theories	theory	NNS
3237	16	18	on	on	IN
3237	16	19	how	how	WRB
3237	16	20	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	16	21	work	work	VBP
3237	16	22	.	.	.
3237	17	1	n	n	CC
3237	17	2	Metaphorically	metaphorically	RB
3237	17	3	speaking	speak	VBG
3237	17	4	:	:	:
3237	17	5	the	the	DT
3237	17	6	role	role	NN
3237	17	7	of	of	IN
3237	17	8	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	17	9	in	in	IN
3237	17	10	language	language	NN
3237	17	11	The	the	DT
3237	17	12	work	work	NN
3237	17	13	of	of	IN
3237	17	14	Lakoff	Lakoff	NNP
3237	17	15	and	and	CC
3237	17	16	Johnson	Johnson	NNP
3237	17	17	has	have	VBZ
3237	17	18	been	be	VBN
3237	17	19	fundamental	fundamental	JJ
3237	17	20	to	to	IN
3237	17	21	understanding	understand	VBG
3237	17	22	the	the	DT
3237	17	23	pervasive	pervasive	JJ
3237	17	24	use	use	NN
3237	17	25	of	of	IN
3237	17	26	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	17	27	in	in	IN
3237	17	28	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	17	29	language	language	NN
3237	17	30	.	.	.
3237	18	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
3237	18	2	propose	propose	VBP
3237	18	3	that	that	IN
3237	18	4	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	18	5	are	be	VBP
3237	18	6	an	an	DT
3237	18	7	underly-	underly-	JJ
3237	18	8	ing	ing	NN
3237	18	9	structure	structure	NN
3237	18	10	forming	form	VBG
3237	18	11	and	and	CC
3237	18	12	shaping	shape	VBG
3237	18	13	the	the	DT
3237	18	14	way	way	NN
3237	18	15	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	18	16	discuss	discuss	VBP
3237	18	17	and	and	CC
3237	18	18	even	even	RB
3237	18	19	think	think	VB
3237	18	20	about	about	IN
3237	18	21	the	the	DT
3237	18	22	world	world	NN
3237	18	23	.	.	.
3237	19	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
3237	19	2	argue	argue	VBP
3237	19	3	that	that	IN
3237	19	4	the	the	DT
3237	19	5	“	"	``
3237	19	6	human	human	JJ
3237	19	7	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	19	8	system	system	NN
3237	19	9	is	be	VBZ
3237	19	10	metaphorically	metaphorically	RB
3237	19	11	structured	structure	VBN
3237	19	12	and	and	CC
3237	19	13	defined	define	VBN
3237	19	14	.	.	.
3237	19	15	”6	”6	NN
3237	19	16	Mapping	Mapping	NNP
3237	19	17	from	from	IN
3237	19	18	a	a	DT
3237	19	19	source	source	NN
3237	19	20	domain	domain	NN
3237	19	21	to	to	IN
3237	19	22	a	a	DT
3237	19	23	target	target	NN
3237	19	24	domain	domain	NN
3237	19	25	is	be	VBZ
3237	19	26	central	central	JJ
3237	19	27	to	to	IN
3237	19	28	the	the	DT
3237	19	29	semantics	semantic	NNS
3237	19	30	of	of	IN
3237	19	31	language	language	NN
3237	19	32	and	and	CC
3237	19	33	com-	com-	NN
3237	19	34	munication	munication	NN
3237	19	35	.	.	.
3237	20	1	“	"	``
3237	20	2	Domains	domain	NNS
3237	20	3	need	need	VBP
3237	20	4	structure	structure	NN
3237	20	5	so	so	IN
3237	20	6	that	that	IN
3237	20	7	one	one	PRP
3237	20	8	can	can	MD
3237	20	9	reason	reason	VB
3237	20	10	about	about	IN
3237	20	11	them	-PRON-	PRP
3237	20	12	.	.	.
3237	21	1	The	the	DT
3237	21	2	major	major	JJ
3237	21	3	function	function	NN
3237	21	4	of	of	IN
3237	21	5	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	21	6	is	be	VBZ
3237	21	7	thus	thus	RB
3237	21	8	to	to	TO
3237	21	9	supply	supply	VB
3237	21	10	structure	structure	NN
3237	21	11	in	in	IN
3237	21	12	terms	term	NNS
3237	21	13	of	of	IN
3237	21	14	which	which	WDT
3237	21	15	reasoning	reasoning	NN
3237	21	16	can	can	MD
3237	21	17	be	be	VB
3237	21	18	done	do	VBN
3237	21	19	.	.	.
3237	21	20	”7	”7	''
3237	21	21	In	in	IN
3237	21	22	Metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	21	23	We	-PRON-	PRP
3237	21	24	Live	live	VBP
3237	21	25	By	by	IN
3237	21	26	,	,	,
3237	21	27	Lakoff	Lakoff	NNP
3237	21	28	and	and	CC
3237	21	29	Johnson	Johnson	NNP
3237	21	30	cata-	cata-	NN
3237	21	31	logue	logue	NN
3237	21	32	examples	example	NNS
3237	21	33	of	of	IN
3237	21	34	underlying	underlie	VBG
3237	21	35	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	21	36	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	21	37	.	.	.
3237	22	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
3237	22	2	identify	identify	VBP
3237	22	3	orientation	orientation	NN
3237	22	4	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	22	5	that	that	WDT
3237	22	6	underlie	underlie	VBP
3237	22	7	how	how	WRB
3237	22	8	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	22	9	speak	speak	VBP
3237	22	10	about	about	IN
3237	22	11	abstract	abstract	JJ
3237	22	12	concepts	concept	NNS
3237	22	13	such	such	JJ
3237	22	14	as	as	IN
3237	22	15	health	health	NN
3237	22	16	,	,	,
3237	22	17	happi-	happi-	NN
3237	22	18	ness	ness	NN
3237	22	19	,	,	,
3237	22	20	and	and	CC
3237	22	21	success	success	NN
3237	22	22	.	.	.
3237	23	1	Each	each	DT
3237	23	2	of	of	IN
3237	23	3	these	these	DT
3237	23	4	states	state	NNS
3237	23	5	is	be	VBZ
3237	23	6	associated	associate	VBN
3237	23	7	with	with	IN
3237	23	8	the	the	DT
3237	23	9	direction	direction	NN
3237	23	10	up	up	RB
3237	23	11	.	.	.
3237	24	1	One	one	PRP
3237	24	2	can	can	MD
3237	24	3	be	be	VB
3237	24	4	“	"	``
3237	24	5	up	up	RB
3237	24	6	and	and	CC
3237	24	7	at	at	IN
3237	24	8	‘	'	``
3237	24	9	em	-PRON-	PRP
3237	24	10	”	"	''
3237	24	11	or	or	CC
3237	24	12	in	in	IN
3237	24	13	“	"	``
3237	24	14	high	high	JJ
3237	24	15	spirits	spirit	NNS
3237	24	16	”	"	''
3237	24	17	or	or	CC
3237	24	18	of	of	IN
3237	24	19	“	"	``
3237	24	20	high	high	JJ
3237	24	21	standing	standing	NN
3237	24	22	.	.	.
3237	24	23	”	"	''
3237	24	24	Counter	counter	NN
3237	24	25	examples	example	NNS
3237	24	26	include	include	VBP
3237	24	27	“	"	``
3237	24	28	being	be	VBG
3237	24	29	under	under	IN
3237	24	30	the	the	DT
3237	24	31	weather	weather	NN
3237	24	32	,	,	,
3237	24	33	”	"	''
3237	24	34	“	"	``
3237	24	35	feeling	feel	VBG
3237	24	36	down	down	RB
3237	24	37	,	,	,
3237	24	38	”	"	''
3237	24	39	and	and	CC
3237	24	40	“	"	``
3237	24	41	low	low	JJ
3237	24	42	comedy	comedy	NN
3237	24	43	.	.	.
3237	24	44	”	"	''
3237	24	45	Metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	24	46	shape	shape	VBP
3237	24	47	the	the	DT
3237	24	48	way	way	NN
3237	24	49	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	24	50	think	think	VBP
3237	24	51	about	about	IN
3237	24	52	the	the	DT
3237	24	53	concepts	concept	NNS
3237	24	54	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	24	55	are	be	VBP
3237	24	56	describing	describe	VBG
3237	24	57	.	.	.
3237	25	1	For	for	IN
3237	25	2	instance	instance	NN
3237	25	3	,	,	,
3237	25	4	the	the	DT
3237	25	5	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	25	6	“	"	``
3237	25	7	argument	argument	NN
3237	25	8	is	be	VBZ
3237	25	9	war	war	NN
3237	25	10	”	"	''
3237	25	11	(	(	-LRB-
3237	25	12	“	"	``
3237	25	13	defending	defend	VBG
3237	25	14	your	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	25	15	point	point	NN
3237	25	16	of	of	IN
3237	25	17	view	view	NN
3237	25	18	,	,	,
3237	25	19	”	"	''
3237	25	20	“	"	``
3237	25	21	attacking	attack	VBG
3237	25	22	your	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	25	23	opponent	opponent	NN
3237	25	24	’s	’s	POS
3237	25	25	stance	stance	NN
3237	25	26	,	,	,
3237	25	27	”	"	''
3237	25	28	and	and	CC
3237	25	29	“	"	``
3237	25	30	he	-PRON-	PRP
3237	25	31	shot	shoot	VBD
3237	25	32	me	-PRON-	PRP
3237	25	33	down	down	RP
3237	25	34	”	"	''
3237	25	35	)	)	-RRB-
3237	25	36	may	may	MD
3237	25	37	define	define	VB
3237	25	38	expectations	expectation	NNS
3237	25	39	for	for	IN
3237	25	40	“	"	``
3237	25	41	winning	win	VBG
3237	25	42	”	"	''
3237	25	43	and	and	CC
3237	25	44	“	"	``
3237	25	45	los-	los-	VBD
3237	25	46	ing	ing	NNP
3237	25	47	”	"	''
3237	25	48	and	and	CC
3237	25	49	detrimentally	detrimentally	RB
3237	25	50	shape	shape	VB
3237	25	51	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	25	52	ability	ability	NN
3237	25	53	to	to	TO
3237	25	54	negotiate	negotiate	VB
3237	25	55	and	and	CC
3237	25	56	compromise.8	compromise.8	VB
3237	25	57	Lakoff	Lakoff	NNP
3237	25	58	and	and	CC
3237	25	59	Johnson	Johnson	NNP
3237	25	60	refer	refer	VBP
3237	25	61	also	also	RB
3237	25	62	to	to	IN
3237	25	63	Michael	Michael	NNP
3237	25	64	Reddy	Reddy	NNP
3237	25	65	’s	’s	POS
3237	25	66	1979	1979	CD
3237	25	67	piece	piece	NN
3237	25	68	,	,	,
3237	25	69	“	"	``
3237	25	70	The	the	DT
3237	25	71	Conduit	Conduit	NNP
3237	25	72	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	25	73	.	.	.
3237	25	74	”9	”9	NNP
3237	25	75	Reddy	Reddy	NNP
3237	25	76	hypoth-	hypoth-	VBZ
3237	25	77	esizes	esize	VBZ
3237	25	78	that	that	IN
3237	25	79	linguistically	linguistically	RB
3237	25	80	and	and	CC
3237	25	81	conceptually	conceptually	RB
3237	25	82	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	25	83	see	see	VBP
3237	25	84	ideas	idea	NNS
3237	25	85	or	or	CC
3237	25	86	meanings	meaning	NNS
3237	25	87	as	as	IN
3237	25	88	objects	object	NNS
3237	25	89	,	,	,
3237	25	90	linguistic	linguistic	JJ
3237	25	91	expressions	expression	NNS
3237	25	92	as	as	IN
3237	25	93	contain-	contain-	NNP
3237	25	94	ers	ers	NNP
3237	25	95	,	,	,
3237	25	96	and	and	CC
3237	25	97	communication	communication	NN
3237	25	98	as	as	IN
3237	25	99	sending	send	VBG
3237	25	100	.	.	.
3237	26	1	The	the	DT
3237	26	2	“	"	``
3237	26	3	receivers	receiver	NNS
3237	26	4	”	"	''
3237	26	5	of	of	IN
3237	26	6	robin	robin	NNP
3237	26	7	sease	sease	NNP
3237	26	8	(	(	-LRB-
3237	26	9	seaser@u.washington.edu	seaser@u.washington.edu	ADD
3237	26	10	)	)	-RRB-
3237	26	11	is	be	VBZ
3237	26	12	an	an	DT
3237	26	13	MLIS	MLIS	NNP
3237	26	14	candidate	candidate	NN
3237	26	15	at	at	IN
3237	26	16	the	the	DT
3237	26	17	iSchool	iSchool	NNP
3237	26	18	,	,	,
3237	26	19	University	University	NNP
3237	26	20	of	of	IN
3237	26	21	Washington	Washington	NNP
3237	26	22	,	,	,
3237	26	23	Seattle	Seattle	NNP
3237	26	24	.	.	.
3237	27	1	10	10	CD
3237	27	2	inFormation	information	NN
3237	27	3	tEcHnoloGY	technology	NN
3237	27	4	anD	and	CC
3237	27	5	liBrariEs	libraries	NN
3237	27	6	|	|	NNP
3237	27	7	DEcEmBEr	DEcEmBEr	NNP
3237	27	8	2008	2008	CD
3237	27	9	the	the	DT
3237	27	10	communication	communication	NN
3237	27	11	are	be	VBP
3237	27	12	the	the	DT
3237	27	13	information	information	NN
3237	27	14	users	user	NNS
3237	27	15	or	or	CC
3237	27	16	seekers	seeker	NNS
3237	27	17	.	.	.
3237	28	1	The	the	DT
3237	28	2	designers	designer	NNS
3237	28	3	“	"	``
3237	28	4	package	package	VBP
3237	28	5	their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	28	6	ideas	idea	NNS
3237	28	7	,	,	,
3237	28	8	”	"	''
3237	28	9	“	"	``
3237	28	10	put	put	VBD
3237	28	11	them	-PRON-	PRP
3237	28	12	down	down	RP
3237	28	13	on	on	IN
3237	28	14	paper	paper	NN
3237	28	15	,	,	,
3237	28	16	”	"	''
3237	28	17	and	and	CC
3237	28	18	“	"	``
3237	28	19	convey	convey	VB
3237	28	20	”	"	''
3237	28	21	them	-PRON-	PRP
3237	28	22	to	to	IN
3237	28	23	the	the	DT
3237	28	24	user	user	NN
3237	28	25	who	who	WP
3237	28	26	“	"	``
3237	28	27	gets	get	VBZ
3237	28	28	”	"	''
3237	28	29	them	-PRON-	PRP
3237	28	30	or	or	CC
3237	28	31	not	not	RB
3237	28	32	.	.	.
3237	29	1	Reddy	Reddy	NNP
3237	29	2	argues	argue	VBZ
3237	29	3	that	that	IN
3237	29	4	this	this	DT
3237	29	5	underlying	underlying	JJ
3237	29	6	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	29	7	influences	influence	VBZ
3237	29	8	the	the	DT
3237	29	9	way	way	NN
3237	29	10	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	29	11	think	think	VBP
3237	29	12	about	about	IN
3237	29	13	the	the	DT
3237	29	14	communication	communication	NN
3237	29	15	process	process	NN
3237	29	16	,	,	,
3237	29	17	making	make	VBG
3237	29	18	information	information	NN
3237	29	19	and	and	CC
3237	29	20	meaning	mean	VBG
3237	29	21	an	an	DT
3237	29	22	object	object	NN
3237	29	23	rather	rather	RB
3237	29	24	than	than	IN
3237	29	25	a	a	DT
3237	29	26	process	process	NN
3237	29	27	,	,	,
3237	29	28	which	which	WDT
3237	29	29	trivializes	trivialize	VBZ
3237	29	30	the	the	DT
3237	29	31	function	function	NN
3237	29	32	of	of	IN
3237	29	33	the	the	DT
3237	29	34	reader	reader	NN
3237	29	35	or	or	CC
3237	29	36	listener.10	listener.10	NNP
3237	29	37	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	29	38	are	be	VBP
3237	29	39	undeniably	undeniably	RB
3237	29	40	central	central	JJ
3237	29	41	to	to	IN
3237	29	42	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	29	43	ability	ability	NN
3237	29	44	to	to	TO
3237	29	45	communicate	communicate	VB
3237	29	46	and	and	CC
3237	29	47	use	use	VB
3237	29	48	language	language	NN
3237	29	49	,	,	,
3237	29	50	and	and	CC
3237	29	51	perhaps	perhaps	RB
3237	29	52	more	more	JJR
3237	29	53	fun-	fun-	RB
3237	29	54	damentally	damentally	RB
3237	29	55	,	,	,
3237	29	56	to	to	TO
3237	29	57	convey	convey	VB
3237	29	58	meaning	meaning	NN
3237	29	59	or	or	CC
3237	29	60	to	to	TO
3237	29	61	infer	infer	VB
3237	29	62	meaning	meaning	NN
3237	29	63	—	—	:
3237	29	64	to	to	TO
3237	29	65	illustrate	illustrate	VB
3237	29	66	and	and	CC
3237	29	67	explain	explain	VB
3237	29	68	as	as	RB
3237	29	69	well	well	RB
3237	29	70	as	as	IN
3237	29	71	to	to	TO
3237	29	72	identify	identify	VB
3237	29	73	and	and	CC
3237	29	74	to	to	TO
3237	29	75	catalog	catalog	VB
3237	29	76	.	.	.
3237	30	1	The	the	DT
3237	30	2	role	role	NN
3237	30	3	of	of	IN
3237	30	4	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	30	5	in	in	IN
3237	30	6	human	human	JJ
3237	30	7	cognition	cognition	NN
3237	30	8	is	be	VBZ
3237	30	9	still	still	RB
3237	30	10	a	a	DT
3237	30	11	matter	matter	NN
3237	30	12	of	of	IN
3237	30	13	great	great	JJ
3237	30	14	debate	debate	NN
3237	30	15	.	.	.
3237	31	1	n	n	LS
3237	31	2	Thinking	think	VBG
3237	31	3	about	about	IN
3237	31	4	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	31	5	:	:	:
3237	31	6	the	the	DT
3237	31	7	cognitive	cognitive	JJ
3237	31	8	role	role	NN
3237	31	9	of	of	IN
3237	31	10	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	31	11	Information	Information	NNP
3237	31	12	science	science	NN
3237	31	13	is	be	VBZ
3237	31	14	at	at	IN
3237	31	15	its	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	31	16	heart	heart	NN
3237	31	17	the	the	DT
3237	31	18	study	study	NN
3237	31	19	of	of	IN
3237	31	20	informa-	informa-	JJ
3237	31	21	tion	tion	NN
3237	31	22	.	.	.
3237	32	1	If	if	IN
3237	32	2	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	32	3	exist	exist	VBP
3237	32	4	as	as	IN
3237	32	5	a	a	DT
3237	32	6	necessary	necessary	JJ
3237	32	7	component	component	NN
3237	32	8	of	of	IN
3237	32	9	language	language	NN
3237	32	10	—	—	:
3237	32	11	a	a	DT
3237	32	12	tool	tool	NN
3237	32	13	to	to	TO
3237	32	14	convey	convey	VB
3237	32	15	meaning	meaning	NN
3237	32	16	and	and	CC
3237	32	17	to	to	TO
3237	32	18	transfer	transfer	VB
3237	32	19	information	information	NN
3237	32	20	—	—	:
3237	32	21	then	then	RB
3237	32	22	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	32	23	are	be	VBP
3237	32	24	by	by	IN
3237	32	25	necessity	necessity	NN
3237	32	26	a	a	DT
3237	32	27	compo-	compo-	NN
3237	32	28	nent	nent	NN
3237	32	29	of	of	IN
3237	32	30	information	information	NN
3237	32	31	science	science	NN
3237	32	32	.	.	.
3237	33	1	Understanding	understand	VBG
3237	33	2	how	how	WRB
3237	33	3	meta-	meta-	JJ
3237	33	4	phors	phor	NNS
3237	33	5	work	work	VBP
3237	33	6	provides	provide	VBZ
3237	33	7	insight	insight	NN
3237	33	8	into	into	IN
3237	33	9	information	information	NN
3237	33	10	itself	-PRON-	PRP
3237	33	11	.	.	.
3237	34	1	Early	early	JJ
3237	34	2	propositions	proposition	NNS
3237	34	3	about	about	IN
3237	34	4	how	how	WRB
3237	34	5	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	34	6	were	be	VBD
3237	34	7	under-	under-	JJ
3237	34	8	stood	stand	VBD
3237	34	9	stemmed	stem	VBD
3237	34	10	from	from	IN
3237	34	11	poetic	poetic	JJ
3237	34	12	and	and	CC
3237	34	13	rhetorical	rhetorical	JJ
3237	34	14	research	research	NN
3237	34	15	.	.	.
3237	35	1	That	that	RB
3237	35	2	is	is	RB
3237	35	3	,	,	,
3237	35	4	if	if	IN
3237	35	5	a	a	DT
3237	35	6	sentence	sentence	NN
3237	35	7	can	can	MD
3237	35	8	not	not	RB
3237	35	9	be	be	VB
3237	35	10	interpreted	interpret	VBN
3237	35	11	literally	literally	RB
3237	35	12	,	,	,
3237	35	13	then	then	RB
3237	35	14	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	35	15	must	must	MD
3237	35	16	be	be	VB
3237	35	17	interpreted	interpret	VBN
3237	35	18	figuratively	figuratively	RB
3237	35	19	.	.	.
3237	36	1	To	to	TO
3237	36	2	illustrate	illustrate	VB
3237	36	3	,	,	,
3237	36	4	the	the	DT
3237	36	5	asser-	asser-	JJ
3237	36	6	tion	tion	NN
3237	36	7	“	"	``
3237	36	8	my	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	36	9	child	child	NN
3237	36	10	is	be	VBZ
3237	36	11	a	a	DT
3237	36	12	pig	pig	NN
3237	36	13	”	"	''
3237	36	14	is	be	VBZ
3237	36	15	initially	initially	RB
3237	36	16	illogical	illogical	JJ
3237	36	17	,	,	,
3237	36	18	so	so	RB
3237	36	19	the	the	DT
3237	36	20	receiver	receiver	NN
3237	36	21	would	would	MD
3237	36	22	then	then	RB
3237	36	23	move	move	VB
3237	36	24	on	on	RP
3237	36	25	to	to	IN
3237	36	26	figurative	figurative	JJ
3237	36	27	interpretation	interpretation	NN
3237	36	28	.	.	.
3237	37	1	Once	once	IN
3237	37	2	that	that	DT
3237	37	3	determination	determination	NN
3237	37	4	is	be	VBZ
3237	37	5	made	make	VBN
3237	37	6	,	,	,
3237	37	7	the	the	DT
3237	37	8	mind	mind	NN
3237	37	9	sets	set	VBZ
3237	37	10	about	about	IN
3237	37	11	find-	find-	NNP
3237	37	12	ing	ing	NNP
3237	37	13	meaning	meaning	NN
3237	37	14	from	from	IN
3237	37	15	the	the	DT
3237	37	16	expression	expression	NN
3237	37	17	.	.	.
3237	38	1	This	this	DT
3237	38	2	theory	theory	NN
3237	38	3	argues	argue	VBZ
3237	38	4	that	that	IN
3237	38	5	once	once	IN
3237	38	6	the	the	DT
3237	38	7	statement	statement	NN
3237	38	8	is	be	VBZ
3237	38	9	deemed	deem	VBN
3237	38	10	false	false	JJ
3237	38	11	,	,	,
3237	38	12	the	the	DT
3237	38	13	statement	statement	NN
3237	38	14	is	be	VBZ
3237	38	15	treated	treat	VBN
3237	38	16	like	like	IN
3237	38	17	a	a	DT
3237	38	18	simile	simile	NN
3237	38	19	,	,	,
3237	38	20	or	or	CC
3237	38	21	a	a	DT
3237	38	22	comparison	comparison	NN
3237	38	23	statement	statement	NN
3237	38	24	,	,	,
3237	38	25	by	by	IN
3237	38	26	identifying	identify	VBG
3237	38	27	traits	trait	NNS
3237	38	28	or	or	CC
3237	38	29	attributes	attribute	NNS
3237	38	30	in	in	IN
3237	38	31	the	the	DT
3237	38	32	source	source	NN
3237	38	33	domain	domain	NN
3237	38	34	(	(	-LRB-
3237	38	35	the	the	DT
3237	38	36	pig	pig	NN
3237	38	37	:	:	:
3237	38	38	sloppy	sloppy	JJ
3237	38	39	,	,	,
3237	38	40	slovenly	slovenly	RB
3237	38	41	,	,	,
3237	38	42	fascinated	fascinate	VBN
3237	38	43	with	with	IN
3237	38	44	mud	mud	NN
3237	38	45	)	)	-RRB-
3237	38	46	that	that	WDT
3237	38	47	would	would	MD
3237	38	48	be	be	VB
3237	38	49	applicable	applicable	JJ
3237	38	50	to	to	IN
3237	38	51	the	the	DT
3237	38	52	target	target	NN
3237	38	53	domain.11	domain.11	NNP
3237	38	54	One	one	CD
3237	38	55	group	group	NN
3237	38	56	of	of	IN
3237	38	57	theorists	theorist	NNS
3237	38	58	questions	question	NNS
3237	38	59	this	this	DT
3237	38	60	premise	premise	NN
3237	38	61	,	,	,
3237	38	62	point-	point-	NN
3237	38	63	ing	ing	NNP
3237	38	64	to	to	IN
3237	38	65	sentences	sentence	NNS
3237	38	66	that	that	WDT
3237	38	67	can	can	MD
3237	38	68	be	be	VB
3237	38	69	interpreted	interpret	VBN
3237	38	70	literally	literally	RB
3237	38	71	and	and	CC
3237	38	72	figu-	figu-	VB
3237	38	73	ratively	ratively	RB
3237	38	74	.	.	.
3237	39	1	One	one	CD
3237	39	2	useful	useful	JJ
3237	39	3	example	example	NN
3237	39	4	is	be	VBZ
3237	39	5	the	the	DT
3237	39	6	statement	statement	NN
3237	39	7	“	"	``
3237	39	8	my	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	39	9	dog	dog	NN
3237	39	10	is	be	VBZ
3237	39	11	an	an	DT
3237	39	12	animal	animal	NN
3237	39	13	.	.	.
3237	39	14	”12	”12	''
3237	39	15	While	while	IN
3237	39	16	this	this	DT
3237	39	17	expression	expression	NN
3237	39	18	is	be	VBZ
3237	39	19	true	true	JJ
3237	39	20	literally	literally	RB
3237	39	21	,	,	,
3237	39	22	most	most	JJS
3237	39	23	would	would	MD
3237	39	24	reject	reject	VB
3237	39	25	the	the	DT
3237	39	26	literal	literal	JJ
3237	39	27	interpretation	interpretation	NN
3237	39	28	in	in	IN
3237	39	29	favor	favor	NN
3237	39	30	of	of	IN
3237	39	31	one	one	NN
3237	39	32	that	that	WDT
3237	39	33	depicts	depict	VBZ
3237	39	34	the	the	DT
3237	39	35	dog	dog	NN
3237	39	36	as	as	IN
3237	39	37	a	a	DT
3237	39	38	ferocious	ferocious	JJ
3237	39	39	or	or	CC
3237	39	40	uncontrollable	uncontrollable	JJ
3237	39	41	beast	beast	NN
3237	39	42	.	.	.
3237	40	1	Glucksberg	Glucksberg	NNP
3237	40	2	and	and	CC
3237	40	3	Keysar	Keysar	NNP
3237	40	4	,	,	,
3237	40	5	among	among	IN
3237	40	6	others	other	NNS
3237	40	7	,	,	,
3237	40	8	seek	seek	VB
3237	40	9	a	a	DT
3237	40	10	model	model	NN
3237	40	11	that	that	WDT
3237	40	12	focuses	focus	VBZ
3237	40	13	on	on	IN
3237	40	14	the	the	DT
3237	40	15	associations	association	NNS
3237	40	16	between	between	IN
3237	40	17	the	the	DT
3237	40	18	domains	domain	NNS
3237	40	19	.	.	.
3237	41	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
3237	41	2	hypothesize	hypothesize	VBP
3237	41	3	that	that	IN
3237	41	4	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	41	5	are	be	VBP
3237	41	6	not	not	RB
3237	41	7	“	"	``
3237	41	8	implicit	implicit	JJ
3237	41	9	compari-	compari-	JJ
3237	41	10	sons	son	NNS
3237	41	11	”	"	''
3237	41	12	but	but	CC
3237	41	13	are	be	VBP
3237	41	14	class	class	NN
3237	41	15	-	-	HYPH
3237	41	16	inclusion	inclusion	NN
3237	41	17	statements	statement	NNS
3237	41	18	or	or	CC
3237	41	19	“	"	``
3237	41	20	assertions	assertion	NNS
3237	41	21	of	of	IN
3237	41	22	categorization	categorization	NN
3237	41	23	.	.	.
3237	41	24	”13	”13	NNP
3237	41	25	Research	Research	NNP
3237	41	26	in	in	IN
3237	41	27	cognitive	cognitive	JJ
3237	41	28	processing	processing	NN
3237	41	29	of	of	IN
3237	41	30	analogies	analogy	NNS
3237	41	31	has	have	VBZ
3237	41	32	shifted	shift	VBN
3237	41	33	from	from	IN
3237	41	34	plain	plain	JJ
3237	41	35	association	association	NN
3237	41	36	of	of	IN
3237	41	37	A	A	NNP
3237	41	38	is	be	VBZ
3237	41	39	to	to	IN
3237	41	40	B	b	NN
3237	41	41	where	where	WRB
3237	41	42	A	a	DT
3237	41	43	traits	trait	NNS
3237	41	44	are	be	VBP
3237	41	45	matched	match	VBN
3237	41	46	to	to	IN
3237	41	47	B	b	NN
3237	41	48	traits	trait	NNS
3237	41	49	to	to	IN
3237	41	50	a	a	DT
3237	41	51	hypothesis	hypothesis	NN
3237	41	52	that	that	WDT
3237	41	53	maps	map	VBZ
3237	41	54	from	from	IN
3237	41	55	A	a	NN
3237	41	56	to	to	IN
3237	41	57	B	b	NN
3237	41	58	and	and	CC
3237	41	59	leads	lead	VBZ
3237	41	60	insight	insight	NN
3237	41	61	into	into	IN
3237	41	62	a	a	DT
3237	41	63	super	super	JJ
3237	41	64	-	-	JJ
3237	41	65	ordinate	ordinate	JJ
3237	41	66	category	category	NN
3237	41	67	that	that	WDT
3237	41	68	includes	include	VBZ
3237	41	69	both	both	CC
3237	41	70	A	A	NNP
3237	41	71	and	and	CC
3237	41	72	B.	B.	NNP
3237	41	73	Gentner	Gentner	NNP
3237	41	74	’s	’s	POS
3237	41	75	work	work	NN
3237	41	76	studying	study	VBG
3237	41	77	science	science	NN
3237	41	78	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	41	79	in	in	IN
3237	41	80	the	the	DT
3237	41	81	1980s	1980s	CD
3237	41	82	is	be	VBZ
3237	41	83	partially	partially	RB
3237	41	84	founded	found	VBN
3237	41	85	on	on	IN
3237	41	86	this	this	DT
3237	41	87	theory	theory	NN
3237	41	88	.	.	.
3237	42	1	She	-PRON-	PRP
3237	42	2	notes	note	VBZ
3237	42	3	that	that	IN
3237	42	4	through	through	IN
3237	42	5	“	"	``
3237	42	6	analogical	analogical	JJ
3237	42	7	reasoning	reasoning	NN
3237	42	8	,	,	,
3237	42	9	learning	learning	NN
3237	42	10	can	can	MD
3237	42	11	result	result	VB
3237	42	12	in	in	IN
3237	42	13	the	the	DT
3237	42	14	generation	generation	NN
3237	42	15	of	of	IN
3237	42	16	new	new	JJ
3237	42	17	categories	category	NNS
3237	42	18	and	and	CC
3237	42	19	schemas	schema	NNS
3237	42	20	.	.	.
3237	42	21	”14	”14	NNP
3237	42	22	She	-PRON-	PRP
3237	42	23	is	be	VBZ
3237	42	24	particularly	particularly	RB
3237	42	25	interested	interested	JJ
3237	42	26	in	in	IN
3237	42	27	creating	create	VBG
3237	42	28	ways	way	NNS
3237	42	29	for	for	IN
3237	42	30	computers	computer	NNS
3237	42	31	to	to	TO
3237	42	32	interpret	interpret	VB
3237	42	33	figurative	figurative	JJ
3237	42	34	expressions	expression	NNS
3237	42	35	.	.	.
3237	43	1	She	-PRON-	PRP
3237	43	2	proposes	propose	VBZ
3237	43	3	a	a	DT
3237	43	4	structure-	structure-	JJ
3237	43	5	mapping	mapping	NN
3237	43	6	theory	theory	NN
3237	43	7	:	:	:
3237	43	8	a	a	DT
3237	43	9	system	system	NN
3237	43	10	of	of	IN
3237	43	11	relations	relation	NNS
3237	43	12	(	(	-LRB-
3237	43	13	not	not	RB
3237	43	14	just	just	RB
3237	43	15	traits	trait	NNS
3237	43	16	)	)	-RRB-
3237	43	17	from	from	IN
3237	43	18	the	the	DT
3237	43	19	source	source	NN
3237	43	20	domain	domain	NN
3237	43	21	to	to	IN
3237	43	22	the	the	DT
3237	43	23	target	target	NN
3237	43	24	domain	domain	NN
3237	43	25	with	with	IN
3237	43	26	a	a	DT
3237	43	27	parallelism	parallelism	NN
3237	43	28	between	between	IN
3237	43	29	the	the	DT
3237	43	30	structures	structure	NNS
3237	43	31	that	that	WDT
3237	43	32	allows	allow	VBZ
3237	43	33	for	for	IN
3237	43	34	a	a	DT
3237	43	35	one	one	CD
3237	43	36	-	-	HYPH
3237	43	37	to	to	IN
3237	43	38	-	-	HYPH
3237	43	39	one	one	CD
3237	43	40	map-	map-	NN
3237	43	41	ping	ping	NN
3237	43	42	of	of	IN
3237	43	43	the	the	DT
3237	43	44	domains	domain	NNS
3237	43	45	and	and	CC
3237	43	46	relationships	relationship	NNS
3237	43	47	.	.	.
3237	44	1	Weiner	Weiner	NNP
3237	44	2	explores	explore	VBZ
3237	44	3	a	a	DT
3237	44	4	similar	similar	JJ
3237	44	5	tactic	tactic	NN
3237	44	6	with	with	IN
3237	44	7	human	human	JJ
3237	44	8	–	–	:
3237	44	9	computer	computer	NN
3237	44	10	interaction	interaction	NN
3237	44	11	language	language	NN
3237	44	12	processing	processing	NN
3237	44	13	by	by	IN
3237	44	14	prototyping	prototype	VBG
3237	44	15	the	the	DT
3237	44	16	shared	shared	JJ
3237	44	17	framework	framework	NN
3237	44	18	.	.	.
3237	45	1	The	the	DT
3237	45	2	prototype	prototype	NN
3237	45	3	theory	theory	NN
3237	45	4	allows	allow	VBZ
3237	45	5	for	for	IN
3237	45	6	a	a	DT
3237	45	7	range	range	NN
3237	45	8	of	of	IN
3237	45	9	possible	possible	JJ
3237	45	10	predicates	predicate	NNS
3237	45	11	and	and	CC
3237	45	12	would	would	MD
3237	45	13	accommodate	accommodate	VB
3237	45	14	greater	great	JJR
3237	45	15	tension	tension	NN
3237	45	16	(	(	-LRB-
3237	45	17	the	the	DT
3237	45	18	differences	difference	NNS
3237	45	19	in	in	IN
3237	45	20	a	a	DT
3237	45	21	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	45	22	)	)	-RRB-
3237	45	23	in	in	IN
3237	45	24	the	the	DT
3237	45	25	same	same	JJ
3237	45	26	way	way	NN
3237	45	27	that	that	WDT
3237	45	28	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	45	29	can	can	MD
3237	45	30	categorize	categorize	VB
3237	45	31	penguins	penguin	NNS
3237	45	32	and	and	CC
3237	45	33	chickens	chicken	NNS
3237	45	34	under	under	IN
3237	45	35	the	the	DT
3237	45	36	prototype	prototype	NN
3237	45	37	of	of	IN
3237	45	38	bird.15	bird.15	NNP
3237	45	39	These	these	DT
3237	45	40	theories	theory	NNS
3237	45	41	of	of	IN
3237	45	42	categorization	categorization	NN
3237	45	43	remain	remain	VBP
3237	45	44	popular	popular	JJ
3237	45	45	today	today	NN
3237	45	46	,	,	,
3237	45	47	but	but	CC
3237	45	48	still	still	RB
3237	45	49	struggle	struggle	VB
3237	45	50	to	to	TO
3237	45	51	account	account	VB
3237	45	52	for	for	IN
3237	45	53	certain	certain	JJ
3237	45	54	things	thing	NNS
3237	45	55	about	about	IN
3237	45	56	the	the	DT
3237	45	57	way	way	NN
3237	45	58	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	45	59	are	be	VBP
3237	45	60	comprehended	comprehend	VBN
3237	45	61	.	.	.
3237	46	1	Specifically	specifically	RB
3237	46	2	,	,	,
3237	46	3	take	take	VB
3237	46	4	the	the	DT
3237	46	5	Shakespearean	shakespearean	JJ
3237	46	6	line	line	NN
3237	46	7	,	,	,
3237	46	8	“	"	``
3237	46	9	Juliet	Juliet	NNP
3237	46	10	is	be	VBZ
3237	46	11	the	the	DT
3237	46	12	sun	sun	NN
3237	46	13	.	.	.
3237	46	14	”	"	''
3237	46	15	Categorization	categorization	NN
3237	46	16	theory	theory	NN
3237	46	17	does	do	VBZ
3237	46	18	not	not	RB
3237	46	19	explain	explain	VB
3237	46	20	why	why	WRB
3237	46	21	some	some	DT
3237	46	22	attributes	attribute	NNS
3237	46	23	like	like	IN
3237	46	24	“	"	``
3237	46	25	glow-	glow-	NNP
3237	46	26	ing	ing	NNP
3237	46	27	”	"	''
3237	46	28	and	and	CC
3237	46	29	“	"	``
3237	46	30	center	center	NN
3237	46	31	of	of	IN
3237	46	32	the	the	DT
3237	46	33	solar	solar	JJ
3237	46	34	system	system	NN
3237	46	35	”	"	''
3237	46	36	are	be	VBP
3237	46	37	transferred	transfer	VBN
3237	46	38	from	from	IN
3237	46	39	the	the	DT
3237	46	40	source	source	NN
3237	46	41	while	while	IN
3237	46	42	others	other	NNS
3237	46	43	such	such	JJ
3237	46	44	as	as	IN
3237	46	45	“	"	``
3237	46	46	nuclear	nuclear	JJ
3237	46	47	”	"	''
3237	46	48	and	and	CC
3237	46	49	“	"	``
3237	46	50	huge	huge	JJ
3237	46	51	”	"	''
3237	46	52	are	be	VBP
3237	46	53	not.16	not.16	JJ
3237	46	54	This	this	DT
3237	46	55	theory	theory	NN
3237	46	56	also	also	RB
3237	46	57	stumbles	stumble	VBZ
3237	46	58	with	with	IN
3237	46	59	novel	novel	JJ
3237	46	60	poetic	poetic	JJ
3237	46	61	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	46	62	like	like	IN
3237	46	63	e	e	NNP
3237	46	64	e	e	NNP
3237	46	65	cummings	cumming	NNS
3237	46	66	’	'	''
3237	46	67	“	"	``
3237	46	68	the	the	DT
3237	46	69	voice	voice	NN
3237	46	70	of	of	IN
3237	46	71	your	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	46	72	eyes	eye	NNS
3237	46	73	is	be	VBZ
3237	46	74	deeper	deep	JJR
3237	46	75	than	than	IN
3237	46	76	all	all	DT
3237	46	77	roses	rose	NNS
3237	46	78	.	.	.
3237	46	79	”17	”17	JJ
3237	46	80	Alternative	alternative	JJ
3237	46	81	theorists	theorist	NNS
3237	46	82	argue	argue	VBP
3237	46	83	that	that	IN
3237	46	84	while	while	IN
3237	46	85	the	the	DT
3237	46	86	categorization	categorization	NN
3237	46	87	-	-	HYPH
3237	46	88	based	base	VBN
3237	46	89	theories	theory	NNS
3237	46	90	accommodate	accommodate	VBP
3237	46	91	the	the	DT
3237	46	92	ground	ground	NN
3237	46	93	(	(	-LRB-
3237	46	94	commonality	commonality	NN
3237	46	95	)	)	-RRB-
3237	46	96	in	in	IN
3237	46	97	a	a	DT
3237	46	98	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	46	99	,	,	,
3237	46	100	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	46	101	fail	fail	VBP
3237	46	102	to	to	TO
3237	46	103	fully	fully	RB
3237	46	104	explain	explain	VB
3237	46	105	the	the	DT
3237	46	106	effect	effect	NN
3237	46	107	and	and	CC
3237	46	108	purpose	purpose	NN
3237	46	109	of	of	IN
3237	46	110	the	the	DT
3237	46	111	tension	tension	NN
3237	46	112	(	(	-LRB-
3237	46	113	differences	difference	NNS
3237	46	114	)	)	-RRB-
3237	46	115	in	in	IN
3237	46	116	the	the	DT
3237	46	117	equation	equation	NN
3237	46	118	.	.	.
3237	47	1	Lakoff	Lakoff	NNP
3237	47	2	fervently	fervently	RB
3237	47	3	contends	contend	VBZ
3237	47	4	that	that	IN
3237	47	5	simplifying	simplify	VBG
3237	47	6	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	47	7	models	model	NNS
3237	47	8	to	to	IN
3237	47	9	mere	mere	JJ
3237	47	10	categorization	categorization	NN
3237	47	11	ignores	ignore	VBZ
3237	47	12	the	the	DT
3237	47	13	unique	unique	JJ
3237	47	14	nature	nature	NN
3237	47	15	of	of	IN
3237	47	16	each	each	DT
3237	47	17	specific	specific	JJ
3237	47	18	mapping	mapping	NN
3237	47	19	:	:	:
3237	47	20	Each	each	DT
3237	47	21	mapping	mapping	NN
3237	47	22	defines	define	VBZ
3237	47	23	an	an	DT
3237	47	24	open	open	JJ
3237	47	25	-	-	HYPH
3237	47	26	ended	ended	JJ
3237	47	27	class	class	NN
3237	47	28	of	of	IN
3237	47	29	potential	potential	JJ
3237	47	30	correspondences	correspondence	NNS
3237	47	31	across	across	IN
3237	47	32	inference	inference	NN
3237	47	33	patterns	pattern	NNS
3237	47	34	.	.	.
3237	48	1	When	when	WRB
3237	48	2	acti-	acti-	NNP
3237	48	3	vated	vated	NNP
3237	48	4	,	,	,
3237	48	5	a	a	DT
3237	48	6	mapping	mapping	NN
3237	48	7	may	may	MD
3237	48	8	apply	apply	VB
3237	48	9	to	to	IN
3237	48	10	a	a	DT
3237	48	11	novel	novel	JJ
3237	48	12	source	source	NN
3237	48	13	domain	domain	NN
3237	48	14	knowledge	knowledge	NN
3237	48	15	structure	structure	NN
3237	48	16	and	and	CC
3237	48	17	characterize	characterize	VB
3237	48	18	a	a	DT
3237	48	19	corresponding	corresponding	JJ
3237	48	20	target	target	NN
3237	48	21	domain	domain	NN
3237	48	22	knowledge	knowledge	NN
3237	48	23	structure.18	structure.18	NNP
3237	48	24	In	in	IN
3237	48	25	other	other	JJ
3237	48	26	words	word	NNS
3237	48	27	,	,	,
3237	48	28	each	each	DT
3237	48	29	pairing	pairing	NN
3237	48	30	creates	create	VBZ
3237	48	31	new	new	JJ
3237	48	32	meaning	meaning	NN
3237	48	33	or	or	CC
3237	48	34	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	48	35	frameworks	framework	NNS
3237	48	36	from	from	IN
3237	48	37	which	which	WDT
3237	48	38	other	other	JJ
3237	48	39	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	48	40	and	and	CC
3237	48	41	meanings	meaning	NNS
3237	48	42	can	can	MD
3237	48	43	be	be	VB
3237	48	44	instantiated	instantiate	VBN
3237	48	45	.	.	.
3237	49	1	A	a	DT
3237	49	2	is	be	VBZ
3237	49	3	to	to	IN
3237	49	4	B	b	NN
3237	49	5	creates	create	VBZ
3237	49	6	meaning	mean	VBG
3237	49	7	C	c	NN
3237	49	8	,	,	,
3237	49	9	rather	rather	RB
3237	49	10	than	than	IN
3237	49	11	A	a	NN
3237	49	12	and	and	CC
3237	49	13	B	b	NN
3237	49	14	are	be	VBP
3237	49	15	part	part	NN
3237	49	16	of	of	IN
3237	49	17	C.	C.	NNP
3237	49	18	Looking	look	VBG
3237	49	19	at	at	IN
3237	49	20	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	49	21	from	from	IN
3237	49	22	the	the	DT
3237	49	23	perspective	perspective	NN
3237	49	24	of	of	IN
3237	49	25	Lanier	Lanier	NNP
3237	49	26	,	,	,
3237	49	27	a	a	DT
3237	49	28	vocabulary	vocabulary	NN
3237	49	29	is	be	VBZ
3237	49	30	created	create	VBN
3237	49	31	upon	upon	IN
3237	49	32	which	which	WDT
3237	49	33	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	49	34	can	can	MD
3237	49	35	define	define	VB
3237	49	36	even	even	RB
3237	49	37	more	more	JJR
3237	49	38	vocabulary.19	vocabulary.19	NNP
3237	49	39	Lakoff	Lakoff	NNP
3237	49	40	maintains	maintain	VBZ
3237	49	41	that	that	IN
3237	49	42	the	the	DT
3237	49	43	theory	theory	NN
3237	49	44	of	of	IN
3237	49	45	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	49	46	domains	domain	NNS
3237	49	47	speaks	speak	VBZ
3237	49	48	to	to	IN
3237	49	49	both	both	CC
3237	49	50	the	the	DT
3237	49	51	uni	uni	JJ
3237	49	52	-	-	HYPH
3237	49	53	directional	directional	JJ
3237	49	54	nature	nature	NN
3237	49	55	of	of	IN
3237	49	56	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	49	57	as	as	RB
3237	49	58	well	well	RB
3237	49	59	as	as	IN
3237	49	60	the	the	DT
3237	49	61	“	"	``
3237	49	62	syste-	syste-	NNP
3237	49	63	maticity	maticity	NNP
3237	49	64	”	"	''
3237	49	65	that	that	WDT
3237	49	66	allows	allow	VBZ
3237	49	67	the	the	DT
3237	49	68	interpreter	interpreter	NN
3237	49	69	to	to	TO
3237	49	70	selectively	selectively	RB
3237	49	71	identify	identify	VB
3237	49	72	the	the	DT
3237	49	73	aspects	aspect	NNS
3237	49	74	that	that	WDT
3237	49	75	are	be	VBP
3237	49	76	consistent	consistent	JJ
3237	49	77	and	and	CC
3237	49	78	discard	discard	VB
3237	49	79	the	the	DT
3237	49	80	aspects	aspect	NNS
3237	49	81	that	that	WDT
3237	49	82	are	be	VBP
3237	49	83	inconsistent	inconsistent	JJ
3237	49	84	with	with	IN
3237	49	85	the	the	DT
3237	49	86	metaphor.20	metaphor.20	NNP
3237	49	87	More	more	RBR
3237	49	88	recent	recent	JJ
3237	49	89	work	work	NN
3237	49	90	approaches	approach	VBZ
3237	49	91	the	the	DT
3237	49	92	question	question	NN
3237	49	93	from	from	IN
3237	49	94	a	a	DT
3237	49	95	connectivist	connectivist	NN
3237	49	96	point	point	NN
3237	49	97	of	of	IN
3237	49	98	view	view	NN
3237	49	99	,	,	,
3237	49	100	seeking	seek	VBG
3237	49	101	ways	way	NNS
3237	49	102	to	to	TO
3237	49	103	identify	identify	VB
3237	49	104	an	an	DT
3237	49	105	overarching	overarching	JJ
3237	49	106	model	model	NN
3237	49	107	consistent	consistent	JJ
3237	49	108	with	with	IN
3237	49	109	and	and	CC
3237	49	110	encompassing	encompass	VBG
3237	49	111	of	of	IN
3237	49	112	other	other	JJ
3237	49	113	theories	theory	NNS
3237	49	114	.	.	.
3237	50	1	This	this	DT
3237	50	2	premise	premise	NN
3237	50	3	rests	rest	VBZ
3237	50	4	on	on	IN
3237	50	5	the	the	DT
3237	50	6	foundation	foundation	NN
3237	50	7	of	of	IN
3237	50	8	metaphor	metaphor	NNP
3237	50	9	as	as	IN
3237	50	10	communication	communication	NN
3237	50	11	and	and	CC
3237	50	12	examines	examine	VBZ
3237	50	13	the	the	DT
3237	50	14	use	use	NN
3237	50	15	of	of	IN
3237	50	16	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	50	17	in	in	IN
3237	50	18	conversational	conversational	JJ
3237	50	19	contexts	contexts	NN
3237	50	20	.	.	.
3237	51	1	The	the	DT
3237	51	2	necessary	necessary	JJ
3237	51	3	mutual	mutual	JJ
3237	51	4	cognitive	cognitive	JJ
3237	51	5	environment	environment	NN
3237	51	6	of	of	IN
3237	51	7	the	the	DT
3237	51	8	communicators	communicator	NNS
3237	51	9	,	,	,
3237	51	10	the	the	DT
3237	51	11	mEtaPHor	mEtaPHor	NNPS
3237	51	12	’s	’s	POS
3237	51	13	rolE	rolE	,
3237	51	14	in	in	IN
3237	51	15	tHE	the	DT
3237	51	16	inFormation	information	NN
3237	51	17	BEHavior	behavior	NN
3237	51	18	oF	of	IN
3237	51	19	Humans	human	NNS
3237	51	20	intEractinG	interact	VBZ
3237	51	21	witH	with	IN
3237	51	22	comPutErs	computers	CD
3237	51	23	|	|	CD
3237	51	24	sEasE	sease	CC
3237	51	25	11	11	CD
3237	51	26	working	work	VBG
3237	51	27	memory	memory	NN
3237	51	28	,	,	,
3237	51	29	and	and	CC
3237	51	30	the	the	DT
3237	51	31	common	common	JJ
3237	51	32	ground	ground	NN
3237	51	33	that	that	IN
3237	51	34	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	51	35	find	find	VBP
3237	51	36	are	be	VBP
3237	51	37	all	all	DT
3237	51	38	of	of	IN
3237	51	39	importance	importance	NN
3237	51	40	,	,	,
3237	51	41	but	but	CC
3237	51	42	so	so	RB
3237	51	43	are	be	VBP
3237	51	44	context	context	NN
3237	51	45	and	and	CC
3237	51	46	motivation	motivation	NN
3237	51	47	as	as	IN
3237	51	48	influencing	influence	VBG
3237	51	49	factors	factor	NNS
3237	51	50	.	.	.
3237	52	1	The	the	DT
3237	52	2	context	context	NN
3237	52	3	in	in	IN
3237	52	4	which	which	WDT
3237	52	5	the	the	DT
3237	52	6	statement	statement	NN
3237	52	7	is	be	VBZ
3237	52	8	made	make	VBN
3237	52	9	,	,	,
3237	52	10	the	the	DT
3237	52	11	place	place	NN
3237	52	12	in	in	IN
3237	52	13	which	which	WDT
3237	52	14	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	52	15	is	be	VBZ
3237	52	16	interpreted	interpret	VBN
3237	52	17	,	,	,
3237	52	18	and	and	CC
3237	52	19	the	the	DT
3237	52	20	moti-	moti-	JJ
3237	52	21	vation	vation	NN
3237	52	22	of	of	IN
3237	52	23	the	the	DT
3237	52	24	user	user	NN
3237	52	25	to	to	TO
3237	52	26	understand	understand	VB
3237	52	27	the	the	DT
3237	52	28	statement	statement	NN
3237	52	29	combine	combine	VB
3237	52	30	to	to	TO
3237	52	31	affect	affect	VB
3237	52	32	the	the	DT
3237	52	33	meaning	meaning	NN
3237	52	34	that	that	WDT
3237	52	35	is	be	VBZ
3237	52	36	derived	derive	VBN
3237	52	37	.	.	.
3237	53	1	For	for	IN
3237	53	2	instance	instance	NN
3237	53	3	,	,	,
3237	53	4	the	the	DT
3237	53	5	phrase	phrase	NN
3237	53	6	,	,	,
3237	53	7	“	"	``
3237	53	8	I	-PRON-	PRP
3237	53	9	want	want	VBP
3237	53	10	you	-PRON-	PRP
3237	53	11	to	to	TO
3237	53	12	sheepdog	sheepdog	VB
3237	53	13	this	this	DT
3237	53	14	project	project	NN
3237	53	15	”	"	''
3237	53	16	could	could	MD
3237	53	17	mean	mean	VB
3237	53	18	something	something	NN
3237	53	19	different	different	JJ
3237	53	20	in	in	IN
3237	53	21	the	the	DT
3237	53	22	context	context	NN
3237	53	23	of	of	IN
3237	53	24	a	a	DT
3237	53	25	chaotic	chaotic	JJ
3237	53	26	group	group	NN
3237	53	27	of	of	IN
3237	53	28	workers	worker	NNS
3237	53	29	than	than	IN
3237	53	30	in	in	IN
3237	53	31	the	the	DT
3237	53	32	context	context	NN
3237	53	33	of	of	IN
3237	53	34	a	a	DT
3237	53	35	core	core	NN
3237	53	36	team	team	NN
3237	53	37	threatened	threaten	VBN
3237	53	38	by	by	IN
3237	53	39	competing	compete	VBG
3237	53	40	entities.21	entities.21	NNP
3237	53	41	Likewise	likewise	RB
3237	53	42	,	,	,
3237	53	43	the	the	DT
3237	53	44	relationship	relationship	NN
3237	53	45	of	of	IN
3237	53	46	the	the	DT
3237	53	47	receiver	receiver	NN
3237	53	48	to	to	IN
3237	53	49	the	the	DT
3237	53	50	sender	sender	NN
3237	53	51	could	could	MD
3237	53	52	modify	modify	VB
3237	53	53	the	the	DT
3237	53	54	motivation	motivation	NN
3237	53	55	of	of	IN
3237	53	56	the	the	DT
3237	53	57	receiver	receiver	NN
3237	53	58	to	to	TO
3237	53	59	seek	seek	VB
3237	53	60	meaning	meaning	NN
3237	53	61	beyond	beyond	IN
3237	53	62	the	the	DT
3237	53	63	first	first	JJ
3237	53	64	or	or	CC
3237	53	65	easiest	easy	JJS
3237	53	66	interpretation	interpretation	NN
3237	53	67	.	.	.
3237	54	1	n	n	LS
3237	54	2	Classifying	Classifying	NNP
3237	54	3	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	54	4	:	:	:
3237	54	5	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	54	6	in	in	IN
3237	54	7	information	information	NN
3237	54	8	science	science	NN
3237	54	9	These	these	DT
3237	54	10	notions	notion	NNS
3237	54	11	of	of	IN
3237	54	12	context	context	NN
3237	54	13	and	and	CC
3237	54	14	user	user	NN
3237	54	15	-	-	HYPH
3237	54	16	motivation	motivation	NN
3237	54	17	are	be	VBP
3237	54	18	not	not	RB
3237	54	19	new	new	JJ
3237	54	20	to	to	IN
3237	54	21	the	the	DT
3237	54	22	field	field	NN
3237	54	23	of	of	IN
3237	54	24	information	information	NN
3237	54	25	science	science	NN
3237	54	26	.	.	.
3237	55	1	At	at	IN
3237	55	2	the	the	DT
3237	55	3	turn	turn	NN
3237	55	4	of	of	IN
3237	55	5	the	the	DT
3237	55	6	cen-	cen-	NN
3237	55	7	tury	tury	NN
3237	55	8	the	the	DT
3237	55	9	subfield	subfield	NN
3237	55	10	of	of	IN
3237	55	11	information	information	NN
3237	55	12	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	55	13	had	have	VBD
3237	55	14	begun	begin	VBN
3237	55	15	to	to	TO
3237	55	16	direct	direct	VB
3237	55	17	its	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	55	18	attention	attention	NN
3237	55	19	to	to	IN
3237	55	20	cognitive	cognitive	JJ
3237	55	21	psychology	psychology	NN
3237	55	22	,	,	,
3237	55	23	the	the	DT
3237	55	24	nature	nature	NN
3237	55	25	of	of	IN
3237	55	26	man	man	NN
3237	55	27	–	–	:
3237	55	28	machine	machine	NN
3237	55	29	dialogue	dialogue	NN
3237	55	30	,	,	,
3237	55	31	and	and	CC
3237	55	32	to	to	IN
3237	55	33	a	a	DT
3237	55	34	certain	certain	JJ
3237	55	35	extent	extent	NN
3237	55	36	the	the	DT
3237	55	37	role	role	NN
3237	55	38	of	of	IN
3237	55	39	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	55	40	in	in	IN
3237	55	41	deciphering	deciphering	NN
3237	55	42	and	and	CC
3237	55	43	creating	create	VBG
3237	55	44	meaning	meaning	NN
3237	55	45	.	.	.
3237	56	1	Spink	spink	NN
3237	56	2	investigates	investigate	VBZ
3237	56	3	human	human	JJ
3237	56	4	information	information	NN
3237	56	5	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	56	6	(	(	-LRB-
3237	56	7	HIB	HIB	NNP
3237	56	8	)	)	-RRB-
3237	56	9	from	from	IN
3237	56	10	an	an	DT
3237	56	11	evolutionary	evolutionary	JJ
3237	56	12	perspective.22	perspective.22	NNP
3237	56	13	After	after	IN
3237	56	14	exploring	explore	VBG
3237	56	15	a	a	DT
3237	56	16	wide	wide	JJ
3237	56	17	variety	variety	NN
3237	56	18	of	of	IN
3237	56	19	research	research	NN
3237	56	20	in	in	IN
3237	56	21	fields	field	NNS
3237	56	22	,	,	,
3237	56	23	Spink	Spink	NNP
3237	56	24	and	and	CC
3237	56	25	Currier	Currier	NNP
3237	56	26	per-	per-	RB
3237	56	27	formed	form	VBD
3237	56	28	a	a	DT
3237	56	29	qualitative	qualitative	JJ
3237	56	30	analysis	analysis	NN
3237	56	31	of	of	IN
3237	56	32	the	the	DT
3237	56	33	information	information	NN
3237	56	34	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	56	35	of	of	IN
3237	56	36	historical	historical	JJ
3237	56	37	figures	figure	NNS
3237	56	38	.	.	.
3237	57	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
3237	57	2	postulated	postulate	VBD
3237	57	3	that	that	IN
3237	57	4	modular	modular	JJ
3237	57	5	cogni-	cogni-	NN
3237	57	6	tive	tive	JJ
3237	57	7	architecture	architecture	NN
3237	57	8	makes	make	VBZ
3237	57	9	Homo	Homo	NNP
3237	57	10	sapiens	sapiens	VB
3237	57	11	rare	rare	JJ
3237	57	12	in	in	IN
3237	57	13	their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	57	14	ability	ability	NN
3237	57	15	to	to	TO
3237	57	16	think	think	VB
3237	57	17	of	of	IN
3237	57	18	one	one	CD
3237	57	19	thing	thing	NN
3237	57	20	in	in	IN
3237	57	21	terms	term	NNS
3237	57	22	of	of	IN
3237	57	23	another.23	another.23	NNP
3237	57	24	The	the	DT
3237	57	25	resulting	result	VBG
3237	57	26	mapping	mapping	NN
3237	57	27	allows	allow	VBZ
3237	57	28	for	for	IN
3237	57	29	the	the	DT
3237	57	30	creation	creation	NN
3237	57	31	of	of	IN
3237	57	32	new	new	JJ
3237	57	33	cognitive	cognitive	JJ
3237	57	34	struc-	struc-	JJ
3237	57	35	tures	ture	NNS
3237	57	36	in	in	IN
3237	57	37	a	a	DT
3237	57	38	similar	similar	JJ
3237	57	39	fashion	fashion	NN
3237	57	40	to	to	IN
3237	57	41	Lanier	Lanier	NNP
3237	57	42	’s	’s	POS
3237	57	43	vocabulary	vocabulary	NN
3237	57	44	develop-	develop-	VBZ
3237	57	45	ment	ment	JJ
3237	57	46	conjecture	conjecture	NN
3237	57	47	.	.	.
3237	58	1	Spink	Spink	NNP
3237	58	2	and	and	CC
3237	58	3	Currier	Currier	NNP
3237	58	4	’s	’s	POS
3237	58	5	work	work	NN
3237	58	6	launched	launch	VBD
3237	58	7	a	a	DT
3237	58	8	new	new	JJ
3237	58	9	theory	theory	NN
3237	58	10	of	of	IN
3237	58	11	information	information	NN
3237	58	12	use	use	NN
3237	58	13	,	,	,
3237	58	14	which	which	WDT
3237	58	15	has	have	VBZ
3237	58	16	led	lead	VBN
3237	58	17	to	to	IN
3237	58	18	recent	recent	JJ
3237	58	19	research	research	NN
3237	58	20	into	into	IN
3237	58	21	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	58	22	use	use	NN
3237	58	23	.	.	.
3237	59	1	In	in	IN
3237	59	2	an	an	DT
3237	59	3	attempt	attempt	NN
3237	59	4	to	to	TO
3237	59	5	model	model	VB
3237	59	6	an	an	DT
3237	59	7	integrative	integrative	JJ
3237	59	8	approach	approach	NN
3237	59	9	to	to	IN
3237	59	10	human	human	JJ
3237	59	11	information	information	NN
3237	59	12	behav-	behav-	NN
3237	59	13	ior	ior	NNP
3237	59	14	incorporating	incorporate	VBG
3237	59	15	the	the	DT
3237	59	16	everyday	everyday	JJ
3237	59	17	life	life	NN
3237	59	18	information	information	NN
3237	59	19	-	-	HYPH
3237	59	20	seeking	seeking	NN
3237	59	21	and	and	CC
3237	59	22	sense	sense	NN
3237	59	23	-	-	HYPH
3237	59	24	making	make	VBG
3237	59	25	approach	approach	NN
3237	59	26	,	,	,
3237	59	27	the	the	DT
3237	59	28	information	information	NN
3237	59	29	-	-	HYPH
3237	59	30	foraging	forage	VBG
3237	59	31	approach	approach	NN
3237	59	32	,	,	,
3237	59	33	and	and	CC
3237	59	34	the	the	DT
3237	59	35	problem	problem	NN
3237	59	36	-	-	HYPH
3237	59	37	solution	solution	NN
3237	59	38	view	view	NN
3237	59	39	of	of	IN
3237	59	40	information	information	NN
3237	59	41	seeking	seek	VBG
3237	59	42	,	,	,
3237	59	43	Spink	Spink	NNP
3237	59	44	and	and	CC
3237	59	45	Cole	Cole	NNP
3237	59	46	recognized	recognize	VBD
3237	59	47	a	a	DT
3237	59	48	gap	gap	NN
3237	59	49	in	in	IN
3237	59	50	the	the	DT
3237	59	51	research	research	NN
3237	59	52	covering	cover	VBG
3237	59	53	actual	actual	JJ
3237	59	54	information	information	NN
3237	59	55	use	use	NN
3237	59	56	and	and	CC
3237	59	57	proffered	proffer	VBD
3237	59	58	a	a	DT
3237	59	59	fourth	fourth	JJ
3237	59	60	information	information	NN
3237	59	61	approach	approach	NN
3237	59	62	to	to	TO
3237	59	63	account	account	VB
3237	59	64	for	for	IN
3237	59	65	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	59	66	.	.	.
3237	60	1	Their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	60	2	informa-	informa-	JJ
3237	60	3	tion	tion	NN
3237	60	4	-	-	HYPH
3237	60	5	use	use	NN
3237	60	6	theory	theory	NN
3237	60	7	“	"	''
3237	60	8	starts	start	VBZ
3237	60	9	from	from	IN
3237	60	10	an	an	DT
3237	60	11	evolutionary	evolutionary	JJ
3237	60	12	psychology	psychology	NN
3237	60	13	notion	notion	NN
3237	60	14	that	that	IN
3237	60	15	humans	human	NNS
3237	60	16	are	be	VBP
3237	60	17	able	able	JJ
3237	60	18	to	to	TO
3237	60	19	adapt	adapt	VB
3237	60	20	to	to	IN
3237	60	21	their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	60	22	environment	environment	NN
3237	60	23	and	and	CC
3237	60	24	survive	survive	VB
3237	60	25	because	because	IN
3237	60	26	of	of	IN
3237	60	27	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	60	28	modular	modular	JJ
3237	60	29	cognitive	cognitive	JJ
3237	60	30	architec-	architec-	NN
3237	60	31	ture	ture	NN
3237	60	32	.	.	.
3237	60	33	”24	”24	NNP
3237	60	34	Development	development	NN
3237	60	35	of	of	IN
3237	60	36	this	this	DT
3237	60	37	theory	theory	NN
3237	60	38	has	have	VBZ
3237	60	39	birthed	birth	VBN
3237	60	40	a	a	DT
3237	60	41	sub	sub	NN
3237	60	42	-	-	HYPH
3237	60	43	area	area	NN
3237	60	44	within	within	IN
3237	60	45	the	the	DT
3237	60	46	field	field	NN
3237	60	47	of	of	IN
3237	60	48	human	human	JJ
3237	60	49	information	information	NN
3237	60	50	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	60	51	dubbed	dub	VBD
3237	60	52	human	human	JJ
3237	60	53	information	information	NN
3237	60	54	organizing	organize	VBG
3237	60	55	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	60	56	(	(	-LRB-
3237	60	57	HIOB	HIOB	NNP
3237	60	58	)	)	-RRB-
3237	60	59	of	of	IN
3237	60	60	which	which	WDT
3237	60	61	the	the	DT
3237	60	62	use	use	NN
3237	60	63	of	of	IN
3237	60	64	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	60	65	or	or	CC
3237	60	66	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	60	67	instantiation	instantiation	NN
3237	60	68	is	be	VBZ
3237	60	69	a	a	DT
3237	60	70	neces-	neces-	JJ
3237	60	71	sary	sary	JJ
3237	60	72	component	component	NN
3237	60	73	.	.	.
3237	61	1	Cole	Cole	NNP
3237	61	2	and	and	CC
3237	61	3	Leide	Leide	NNP
3237	61	4	explore	explore	VBP
3237	61	5	the	the	DT
3237	61	6	notion	notion	NN
3237	61	7	of	of	IN
3237	61	8	modular	modular	JJ
3237	61	9	cog-	cog-	JJ
3237	61	10	nitive	nitive	JJ
3237	61	11	architecture	architecture	NN
3237	61	12	in	in	IN
3237	61	13	an	an	DT
3237	61	14	attempt	attempt	NN
3237	61	15	to	to	TO
3237	61	16	model	model	VB
3237	61	17	a	a	DT
3237	61	18	cognitive	cognitive	JJ
3237	61	19	framework	framework	NN
3237	61	20	for	for	IN
3237	61	21	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	61	22	use	use	NN
3237	61	23	in	in	IN
3237	61	24	HIOB	HIOB	NNP
3237	61	25	.	.	.
3237	62	1	Similar	similar	JJ
3237	62	2	to	to	IN
3237	62	3	the	the	DT
3237	62	4	categorization	categorization	NN
3237	62	5	theory	theory	NN
3237	62	6	of	of	IN
3237	62	7	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	62	8	use	use	NN
3237	62	9	,	,	,
3237	62	10	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	62	11	claim	claim	VBP
3237	62	12	that	that	IN
3237	62	13	“	"	``
3237	62	14	metaphor	metaphor	NNP
3237	62	15	instantiation	instantiation	NN
3237	62	16	is	be	VBZ
3237	62	17	similar	similar	JJ
3237	62	18	to	to	IN
3237	62	19	a	a	DT
3237	62	20	form	form	NN
3237	62	21	of	of	IN
3237	62	22	super-	super-	NNP
3237	62	23	ordinate	ordinate	NNP
3237	62	24	category	category	NNP
3237	62	25	instantiation	instantiation	NN
3237	62	26	.	.	.
3237	63	1	.	.	.
3237	64	1	.	.	.
3237	65	1	along	along	IN
3237	65	2	with	with	IN
3237	65	3	the	the	DT
3237	65	4	meta-	meta-	JJ
3237	65	5	phor	phor	NN
3237	65	6	comes	come	VBZ
3237	65	7	the	the	DT
3237	65	8	structure	structure	NN
3237	65	9	of	of	IN
3237	65	10	the	the	DT
3237	65	11	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	65	12	.	.	.
3237	65	13	”25	”25	JJ
3237	65	14	Following	follow	VBG
3237	65	15	in	in	IN
3237	65	16	Belkin	Belkin	NNP
3237	65	17	’s	’s	POS
3237	65	18	footsteps	footstep	NNS
3237	65	19	,	,	,
3237	65	20	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	65	21	address	address	VBP
3237	65	22	the	the	DT
3237	65	23	problem	problem	NN
3237	65	24	of	of	IN
3237	65	25	a	a	DT
3237	65	26	“	"	``
3237	65	27	domain	domain	NN
3237	65	28	novice	novice	NN
3237	65	29	attempting	attempt	VBG
3237	65	30	to	to	TO
3237	65	31	formulate	formulate	VB
3237	65	32	his	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	65	33	information	information	NN
3237	65	34	need	need	VBP
3237	65	35	into	into	IN
3237	65	36	an	an	DT
3237	65	37	effective	effective	JJ
3237	65	38	query	query	NN
3237	65	39	to	to	IN
3237	65	40	an	an	DT
3237	65	41	information	information	NN
3237	65	42	retrieval	retrieval	NN
3237	65	43	system	system	NN
3237	65	44	.	.	.
3237	65	45	”26	”26	NNP
3237	65	46	They	-PRON-	PRP
3237	65	47	conducted	conduct	VBD
3237	65	48	three	three	CD
3237	65	49	case	case	NN
3237	65	50	studies	study	NNS
3237	65	51	with	with	IN
3237	65	52	the	the	DT
3237	65	53	purpose	purpose	NN
3237	65	54	of	of	IN
3237	65	55	developing	develop	VBG
3237	65	56	a	a	DT
3237	65	57	methodology	methodology	NN
3237	65	58	that	that	WDT
3237	65	59	researchers	researcher	NNS
3237	65	60	can	can	MD
3237	65	61	use	use	VB
3237	65	62	to	to	TO
3237	65	63	“	"	``
3237	65	64	ascertain	ascertain	VB
3237	65	65	the	the	DT
3237	65	66	efficacy	efficacy	NN
3237	65	67	of	of	IN
3237	65	68	metaphor	metaphor	NNP
3237	65	69	instantia-	instantia-	NNP
3237	65	70	tion	tion	NN
3237	65	71	as	as	IN
3237	65	72	an	an	DT
3237	65	73	information	information	NN
3237	65	74	need	need	VBP
3237	65	75	structuring	structure	VBG
3237	65	76	device	device	NN
3237	65	77	.	.	.
3237	65	78	”27	”27	UH
3237	65	79	They	-PRON-	PRP
3237	65	80	conclude	conclude	VBP
3237	65	81	that	that	DT
3237	65	82	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	65	83	instantiation	instantiation	NN
3237	65	84	might	may	MD
3237	65	85	help	help	VB
3237	65	86	us	-PRON-	PRP
3237	65	87	create	create	VB
3237	65	88	systems	system	NNS
3237	65	89	that	that	WDT
3237	65	90	more	more	RBR
3237	65	91	closely	closely	RB
3237	65	92	resemble	resemble	JJ
3237	65	93	the	the	DT
3237	65	94	way	way	NN
3237	65	95	that	that	WDT
3237	65	96	humans	human	NNS
3237	65	97	behave	behave	VBP
3237	65	98	with	with	IN
3237	65	99	information	information	NN
3237	65	100	:	:	:
3237	65	101	interaction	interaction	NN
3237	65	102	,	,	,
3237	65	103	organization	organization	NN
3237	65	104	,	,	,
3237	65	105	and	and	CC
3237	65	106	retrieval	retrieval	NN
3237	65	107	.	.	.
3237	66	1	n	n	NNP
3237	66	2	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNP
3237	66	3	in	in	IN
3237	66	4	human	human	NN
3237	66	5	–	–	:
3237	66	6	computer	computer	NN
3237	66	7	interaction	interaction	NN
3237	66	8	:	:	:
3237	66	9	a	a	DT
3237	66	10	case	case	NN
3237	66	11	study	study	NN
3237	66	12	reality	reality	NN
3237	66	13	bytes	byte	NNS
3237	66	14	While	while	IN
3237	66	15	theorists	theorist	NNS
3237	66	16	of	of	IN
3237	66	17	various	various	JJ
3237	66	18	fields	field	NNS
3237	66	19	explored	explore	VBD
3237	66	20	the	the	DT
3237	66	21	nature	nature	NN
3237	66	22	of	of	IN
3237	66	23	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	66	24	,	,	,
3237	66	25	the	the	DT
3237	66	26	field	field	NN
3237	66	27	of	of	IN
3237	66	28	human	human	NN
3237	66	29	–	–	:
3237	66	30	computer	computer	NN
3237	66	31	interaction	interaction	NN
3237	66	32	(	(	-LRB-
3237	66	33	HCI	HCI	NNP
3237	66	34	)	)	-RRB-
3237	66	35	found	find	VBD
3237	66	36	itself	-PRON-	PRP
3237	66	37	thrust	thrust	VBN
3237	66	38	into	into	IN
3237	66	39	the	the	DT
3237	66	40	thick	thick	JJ
3237	66	41	of	of	IN
3237	66	42	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	66	43	.	.	.
3237	67	1	Rarely	rarely	RB
3237	67	2	does	do	VBZ
3237	67	3	one	one	NN
3237	67	4	intentionally	intentionally	RB
3237	67	5	adopt	adopt	VB
3237	67	6	new	new	JJ
3237	67	7	ideas	idea	NNS
3237	67	8	so	so	RB
3237	67	9	whole	whole	RB
3237	67	10	-	-	:
3237	67	11	heartedly	heartedly	RB
3237	67	12	without	without	IN
3237	67	13	first	first	RB
3237	67	14	considering	consider	VBG
3237	67	15	the	the	DT
3237	67	16	ramifications	ramification	NNS
3237	67	17	,	,	,
3237	67	18	but	but	CC
3237	67	19	the	the	DT
3237	67	20	history	history	NN
3237	67	21	of	of	IN
3237	67	22	HCI	HCI	NNP
3237	67	23	shows	show	VBZ
3237	67	24	that	that	IN
3237	67	25	that	that	DT
3237	67	26	is	be	VBZ
3237	67	27	exactly	exactly	RB
3237	67	28	what	what	WP
3237	67	29	happened	happen	VBD
3237	67	30	.	.	.
3237	68	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
3237	68	2	began	begin	VBD
3237	68	3	with	with	IN
3237	68	4	enthusiastic	enthusiastic	JJ
3237	68	5	adoption	adoption	NN
3237	68	6	to	to	TO
3237	68	7	improve	improve	VB
3237	68	8	communication	communication	NN
3237	68	9	,	,	,
3237	68	10	then	then	RB
3237	68	11	reeled	reel	VBN
3237	68	12	in	in	IN
3237	68	13	recognition	recognition	NN
3237	68	14	of	of	IN
3237	68	15	the	the	DT
3237	68	16	drawbacks	drawback	NNS
3237	68	17	of	of	IN
3237	68	18	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	68	19	mismatches	mismatch	NNS
3237	68	20	,	,	,
3237	68	21	and	and	CC
3237	68	22	finally	finally	RB
3237	68	23	has	have	VBZ
3237	68	24	lurched	lurch	VBN
3237	68	25	to	to	IN
3237	68	26	a	a	DT
3237	68	27	standstill	standstill	NN
3237	68	28	while	while	IN
3237	68	29	new	new	JJ
3237	68	30	approaches	approach	NNS
3237	68	31	to	to	TO
3237	68	32	metaphor	metaphor	VB
3237	68	33	use	use	NN
3237	68	34	are	be	VBP
3237	68	35	explored	explore	VBN
3237	68	36	.	.	.
3237	69	1	The	the	DT
3237	69	2	first	first	JJ
3237	69	3	instances	instance	NNS
3237	69	4	of	of	IN
3237	69	5	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	69	6	and	and	CC
3237	69	7	analogy	analogy	NN
3237	69	8	in	in	IN
3237	69	9	the	the	DT
3237	69	10	field	field	NN
3237	69	11	of	of	IN
3237	69	12	computer	computer	NN
3237	69	13	science	science	NN
3237	69	14	and	and	CC
3237	69	15	HCI	HCI	NNP
3237	69	16	preceded	precede	VBD
3237	69	17	images	image	NNS
3237	69	18	of	of	IN
3237	69	19	windows	window	NNS
3237	69	20	,	,	,
3237	69	21	desktops	desktop	NNS
3237	69	22	,	,	,
3237	69	23	mice	mouse	NNS
3237	69	24	,	,	,
3237	69	25	scrollbars	scrollbar	NNS
3237	69	26	,	,	,
3237	69	27	and	and	CC
3237	69	28	icons	icon	NNS
3237	69	29	.	.	.
3237	70	1	The	the	DT
3237	70	2	ini-	ini-	DT
3237	70	3	tial	tial	JJ
3237	70	4	focus	focus	NN
3237	70	5	was	be	VBD
3237	70	6	on	on	IN
3237	70	7	natural	natural	JJ
3237	70	8	language	language	NN
3237	70	9	processing	processing	NN
3237	70	10	to	to	TO
3237	70	11	improve	improve	VB
3237	70	12	the	the	DT
3237	70	13	communication	communication	NN
3237	70	14	between	between	IN
3237	70	15	the	the	DT
3237	70	16	user	user	NN
3237	70	17	and	and	CC
3237	70	18	the	the	DT
3237	70	19	system.28	system.28	NNP
3237	70	20	Although	although	IN
3237	70	21	the	the	DT
3237	70	22	field	field	NN
3237	70	23	of	of	IN
3237	70	24	information	information	NN
3237	70	25	science	science	NN
3237	70	26	was	be	VBD
3237	70	27	on	on	IN
3237	70	28	the	the	DT
3237	70	29	periphery	periphery	NN
3237	70	30	of	of	IN
3237	70	31	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	70	32	research	research	NN
3237	70	33	at	at	IN
3237	70	34	the	the	DT
3237	70	35	time	time	NN
3237	70	36	,	,	,
3237	70	37	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	70	38	certainly	certainly	RB
3237	70	39	was	be	VBD
3237	70	40	interested	interested	JJ
3237	70	41	in	in	IN
3237	70	42	improving	improve	VBG
3237	70	43	the	the	DT
3237	70	44	dialogue	dialogue	NN
3237	70	45	between	between	IN
3237	70	46	users	user	NNS
3237	70	47	and	and	CC
3237	70	48	systems	system	NNS
3237	70	49	.	.	.
3237	71	1	Belkin	Belkin	NNP
3237	71	2	proposed	propose	VBD
3237	71	3	a	a	DT
3237	71	4	model	model	NN
3237	71	5	of	of	IN
3237	71	6	information	information	NN
3237	71	7	seeking	seek	VBG
3237	71	8	that	that	WDT
3237	71	9	highlighted	highlight	VBD
3237	71	10	the	the	DT
3237	71	11	user	user	NN
3237	71	12	’s	's	POS
3237	71	13	anomalous	anomalous	JJ
3237	71	14	state	state	NN
3237	71	15	of	of	IN
3237	71	16	knowledge	knowledge	NN
3237	71	17	.	.	.
3237	72	1	He	-PRON-	PRP
3237	72	2	argued	argue	VBD
3237	72	3	for	for	IN
3237	72	4	a	a	DT
3237	72	5	better	well	JJR
3237	72	6	understanding	understanding	NN
3237	72	7	of	of	IN
3237	72	8	user	user	NN
3237	72	9	’s	’s	POS
3237	72	10	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	72	11	models	model	NNS
3237	72	12	in	in	IN
3237	72	13	order	order	NN
3237	72	14	to	to	TO
3237	72	15	improve	improve	VB
3237	72	16	sys-	sys-	RB
3237	72	17	tem	tem	NN
3237	72	18	communications.29	communications.29	NNP
3237	72	19	Although	although	IN
3237	72	20	he	-PRON-	PRP
3237	72	21	did	do	VBD
3237	72	22	not	not	RB
3237	72	23	propose	propose	VB
3237	72	24	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	72	25	specifically	specifically	RB
3237	72	26	,	,	,
3237	72	27	the	the	DT
3237	72	28	advent	advent	NN
3237	72	29	of	of	IN
3237	72	30	the	the	DT
3237	72	31	graphical	graphical	JJ
3237	72	32	user	user	NN
3237	72	33	interface	interface	NN
3237	72	34	(	(	-LRB-
3237	72	35	GUI	GUI	NNP
3237	72	36	)	)	-RRB-
3237	72	37	placed	place	VBD
3237	72	38	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	72	39	in	in	IN
3237	72	40	a	a	DT
3237	72	41	position	position	NN
3237	72	42	to	to	TO
3237	72	43	tackle	tackle	VB
3237	72	44	Belkin	Belkin	NNP
3237	72	45	’s	’s	POS
3237	72	46	concerns	concern	NNS
3237	72	47	.	.	.
3237	73	1	Hci	Hci	NNP
3237	73	2	Gets	get	VBZ
3237	73	3	Gui	Gui	NNP
3237	73	4	Perhaps	perhaps	RB
3237	73	5	because	because	IN
3237	73	6	of	of	IN
3237	73	7	the	the	DT
3237	73	8	difficulty	difficulty	NN
3237	73	9	of	of	IN
3237	73	10	man	man	NN
3237	73	11	–	–	:
3237	73	12	machine	machine	NN
3237	73	13	dia-	dia-	NNP
3237	73	14	logue	logue	NNP
3237	73	15	,	,	,
3237	73	16	GUIs	GUIs	NNP
3237	73	17	emerged	emerge	VBD
3237	73	18	.	.	.
3237	74	1	By	by	IN
3237	74	2	simplifying	simplify	VBG
3237	74	3	the	the	DT
3237	74	4	“	"	``
3237	74	5	language	language	NN
3237	74	6	”	"	''
3237	74	7	to	to	TO
3237	74	8	“	"	``
3237	74	9	point	point	VB
3237	74	10	and	and	CC
3237	74	11	click	click	NN
3237	74	12	,	,	,
3237	74	13	”	"	''
3237	74	14	even	even	RB
3237	74	15	an	an	DT
3237	74	16	average	average	JJ
3237	74	17	user	user	NN
3237	74	18	could	could	MD
3237	74	19	make	make	VB
3237	74	20	the	the	DT
3237	74	21	system	system	NN
3237	74	22	do	do	VB
3237	74	23	what	what	WP
3237	74	24	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	74	25	was	be	VBD
3237	74	26	supposed	suppose	VBN
3237	74	27	to	to	IN
3237	74	28	do.30	do.30	NNP
3237	74	29	With	with	IN
3237	74	30	its	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	74	31	more	more	RBR
3237	74	32	intuitive	intuitive	JJ
3237	74	33	and	and	CC
3237	74	34	memorable	memorable	JJ
3237	74	35	interface	interface	NN
3237	74	36	,	,	,
3237	74	37	the	the	DT
3237	74	38	GUI	GUI	NNP
3237	74	39	was	be	VBD
3237	74	40	the	the	DT
3237	74	41	12	12	CD
3237	74	42	inFormation	inFormation	NNP
3237	74	43	tEcHnoloGY	technology	NN
3237	74	44	anD	and	CC
3237	74	45	liBrariEs	libraries	NN
3237	74	46	|	|	NNP
3237	74	47	DEcEmBEr	DEcEmBEr	NNP
3237	74	48	2008	2008	CD
3237	74	49	result	result	NN
3237	74	50	of	of	IN
3237	74	51	years	year	NNS
3237	74	52	of	of	IN
3237	74	53	frustration	frustration	NN
3237	74	54	trying	try	VBG
3237	74	55	to	to	TO
3237	74	56	remember	remember	VB
3237	74	57	system	system	NN
3237	74	58	functions	function	NNS
3237	74	59	and	and	CC
3237	74	60	commands	command	NNS
3237	74	61	.	.	.
3237	75	1	Because	because	IN
3237	75	2	illustrations	illustration	NNS
3237	75	3	of	of	IN
3237	75	4	the	the	DT
3237	75	5	abstract	abstract	JJ
3237	75	6	are	be	VBP
3237	75	7	necessarily	necessarily	RB
3237	75	8	grounded	ground	VBN
3237	75	9	in	in	IN
3237	75	10	something	something	NN
3237	75	11	concrete	concrete	NN
3237	75	12	,	,	,
3237	75	13	GUIs	gui	NNS
3237	75	14	and	and	CC
3237	75	15	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	75	16	were	be	VBD
3237	75	17	inexorably	inexorably	RB
3237	75	18	intertwined	intertwine	VBN
3237	75	19	;	;	:
3237	75	20	in	in	IN
3237	75	21	a	a	DT
3237	75	22	sense	sense	NN
3237	75	23	,	,	,
3237	75	24	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	75	25	were	be	VBD
3237	75	26	“	"	``
3237	75	27	inescapable	inescapable	JJ
3237	75	28	.	.	.
3237	75	29	”31	”31	''
3237	75	30	Metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	75	31	enacted	enact	VBD
3237	75	32	through	through	IN
3237	75	33	the	the	DT
3237	75	34	user	user	NN
3237	75	35	interface	interface	NN
3237	75	36	would	would	MD
3237	75	37	become	become	VB
3237	75	38	the	the	DT
3237	75	39	primary	primary	JJ
3237	75	40	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3237	75	41	of	of	IN
3237	75	42	communication	communication	NN
3237	75	43	between	between	IN
3237	75	44	the	the	DT
3237	75	45	user	user	NN
3237	75	46	and	and	CC
3237	75	47	the	the	DT
3237	75	48	system	system	NN
3237	75	49	.	.	.
3237	76	1	GUI	GUI	NNP
3237	76	2	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	76	3	can	can	MD
3237	76	4	be	be	VB
3237	76	5	categorized	categorize	VBN
3237	76	6	several	several	JJ
3237	76	7	ways	way	NNS
3237	76	8	.	.	.
3237	77	1	A	a	DT
3237	77	2	typical	typical	JJ
3237	77	3	breakdown	breakdown	NN
3237	77	4	is	be	VBZ
3237	77	5	to	to	TO
3237	77	6	break	break	VB
3237	77	7	out	out	RP
3237	77	8	noun	noun	JJ
3237	77	9	and	and	CC
3237	77	10	verb	verb	JJ
3237	77	11	meta-	meta-	JJ
3237	77	12	phors	phor	NNS
3237	77	13	into	into	IN
3237	77	14	“	"	``
3237	77	15	organization	organization	NN
3237	77	16	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	77	17	”	"	''
3237	77	18	and	and	CC
3237	77	19	“	"	``
3237	77	20	operations	operation	NNS
3237	77	21	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	77	22	.	.	.
3237	77	23	”32	”32	NNP
3237	77	24	Alternatively	alternatively	RB
3237	77	25	,	,	,
3237	77	26	Fineman	Fineman	NNP
3237	77	27	further	further	RB
3237	77	28	divides	divide	VBZ
3237	77	29	the	the	DT
3237	77	30	nouns	noun	NNS
3237	77	31	and	and	CC
3237	77	32	classifies	classify	VBZ
3237	77	33	various	various	JJ
3237	77	34	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	77	35	into	into	IN
3237	77	36	three	three	CD
3237	77	37	basic	basic	JJ
3237	77	38	types	type	NNS
3237	77	39	:	:	:
3237	77	40	functionality	functionality	NN
3237	77	41	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	77	42	,	,	,
3237	77	43	interface	interface	NN
3237	77	44	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	77	45	,	,	,
3237	77	46	and	and	CC
3237	77	47	interaction	interaction	NN
3237	77	48	metaphors.33	metaphors.33	NNP
3237	77	49	Fineman	Fineman	NNP
3237	77	50	describes	describe	VBZ
3237	77	51	an	an	DT
3237	77	52	e	e	NN
3237	77	53	-	-	NN
3237	77	54	mail	mail	NN
3237	77	55	program	program	NN
3237	77	56	.	.	.
3237	78	1	Functionality	functionality	NN
3237	78	2	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	78	3	outline	outline	VBP
3237	78	4	the	the	DT
3237	78	5	expecta-	expecta-	JJ
3237	78	6	tions	tion	NNS
3237	78	7	that	that	IN
3237	78	8	a	a	DT
3237	78	9	user	user	NN
3237	78	10	should	should	MD
3237	78	11	have	have	VB
3237	78	12	for	for	IN
3237	78	13	an	an	DT
3237	78	14	application	application	NN
3237	78	15	and	and	CC
3237	78	16	gen-	gen-	NN
3237	78	17	erally	erally	RB
3237	78	18	guide	guide	VB
3237	78	19	the	the	DT
3237	78	20	overall	overall	JJ
3237	78	21	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	78	22	of	of	IN
3237	78	23	the	the	DT
3237	78	24	tool	tool	NN
3237	78	25	.	.	.
3237	79	1	In	in	IN
3237	79	2	the	the	DT
3237	79	3	e	e	NN
3237	79	4	-	-	NN
3237	79	5	mail	mail	NN
3237	79	6	program	program	NN
3237	79	7	the	the	DT
3237	79	8	functionality	functionality	NN
3237	79	9	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	79	10	would	would	MD
3237	79	11	be	be	VB
3237	79	12	“	"	``
3237	79	13	e	e	NN
3237	79	14	-	-	NN
3237	79	15	mail	mail	NN
3237	79	16	is	be	VBZ
3237	79	17	postal	postal	JJ
3237	79	18	mail	mail	NN
3237	79	19	.	.	.
3237	79	20	”	"	''
3237	79	21	Interface	interface	NN
3237	79	22	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	79	23	are	be	VBP
3237	79	24	the	the	DT
3237	79	25	mechanical	mechanical	JJ
3237	79	26	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	79	27	that	that	WDT
3237	79	28	allow	allow	VBP
3237	79	29	the	the	DT
3237	79	30	user	user	NN
3237	79	31	to	to	TO
3237	79	32	accomplish	accomplish	VB
3237	79	33	the	the	DT
3237	79	34	tasks	task	NNS
3237	79	35	within	within	IN
3237	79	36	the	the	DT
3237	79	37	functionality	functionality	NN
3237	79	38	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	79	39	.	.	.
3237	80	1	The	the	DT
3237	80	2	interface	interface	NN
3237	80	3	meta-	meta-	NN
3237	80	4	phors	phor	NNS
3237	80	5	should	should	MD
3237	80	6	be	be	VB
3237	80	7	guided	guide	VBN
3237	80	8	by	by	IN
3237	80	9	the	the	DT
3237	80	10	functionality	functionality	NN
3237	80	11	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	80	12	,	,	,
3237	80	13	but	but	CC
3237	80	14	not	not	RB
3237	80	15	constrained	constrain	VBN
3237	80	16	by	by	IN
3237	80	17	them	-PRON-	PRP
3237	80	18	.	.	.
3237	81	1	Examples	example	NNS
3237	81	2	would	would	MD
3237	81	3	include	include	VB
3237	81	4	the	the	DT
3237	81	5	address	address	NN
3237	81	6	book	book	NN
3237	81	7	and	and	CC
3237	81	8	printer	printer	NN
3237	81	9	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	81	10	.	.	.
3237	82	1	Interaction	interaction	NN
3237	82	2	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	82	3	,	,	,
3237	82	4	or	or	CC
3237	82	5	the	the	DT
3237	82	6	verbs	verb	NNS
3237	82	7	,	,	,
3237	82	8	are	be	VBP
3237	82	9	the	the	DT
3237	82	10	underlying	underlie	VBG
3237	82	11	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	82	12	that	that	WDT
3237	82	13	define	define	VBP
3237	82	14	the	the	DT
3237	82	15	form	form	NN
3237	82	16	of	of	IN
3237	82	17	the	the	DT
3237	82	18	action	action	NN
3237	82	19	,	,	,
3237	82	20	how	how	WRB
3237	82	21	things	thing	NNS
3237	82	22	are	be	VBP
3237	82	23	per-	per-	RB
3237	82	24	formed	form	VBN
3237	82	25	;	;	:
3237	82	26	these	these	DT
3237	82	27	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	82	28	span	span	VBP
3237	82	29	beyond	beyond	IN
3237	82	30	a	a	DT
3237	82	31	particular	particular	JJ
3237	82	32	tool	tool	NN
3237	82	33	,	,	,
3237	82	34	but	but	CC
3237	82	35	greatly	greatly	RB
3237	82	36	affect	affect	VB
3237	82	37	the	the	DT
3237	82	38	functionality	functionality	NN
3237	82	39	metaphor.34	metaphor.34	NNP
3237	82	40	The	the	DT
3237	82	41	effect	effect	NN
3237	82	42	of	of	IN
3237	82	43	the	the	DT
3237	82	44	selected	select	VBN
3237	82	45	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	82	46	can	can	MD
3237	82	47	not	not	RB
3237	82	48	be	be	VB
3237	82	49	under-	under-	RB
3237	82	50	estimated	estimate	VBN
3237	82	51	.	.	.
3237	83	1	For	for	IN
3237	83	2	instance	instance	NN
3237	83	3	,	,	,
3237	83	4	many	many	JJ
3237	83	5	feel	feel	VBP
3237	83	6	that	that	IN
3237	83	7	the	the	DT
3237	83	8	direct	direct	JJ
3237	83	9	manipu-	manipu-	NNP
3237	83	10	lation	lation	NN
3237	83	11	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	83	12	(	(	-LRB-
3237	83	13	data	datum	NNS
3237	83	14	is	be	VBZ
3237	83	15	an	an	DT
3237	83	16	object	object	NN
3237	83	17	that	that	WDT
3237	83	18	can	can	MD
3237	83	19	be	be	VB
3237	83	20	manipulated	manipulate	VBN
3237	83	21	)	)	-RRB-
3237	83	22	and	and	CC
3237	83	23	GUI	GUI	NNP
3237	83	24	are	be	VBP
3237	83	25	synonymous.35	synonymous.35	NNP
3237	83	26	And	and	CC
3237	83	27	within	within	IN
3237	83	28	the	the	DT
3237	83	29	graphical	graphical	JJ
3237	83	30	user	user	NN
3237	83	31	interface	interface	NN
3237	83	32	,	,	,
3237	83	33	the	the	DT
3237	83	34	choice	choice	NN
3237	83	35	of	of	IN
3237	83	36	desktop	desktop	NN
3237	83	37	has	have	VBZ
3237	83	38	affected	affect	VBN
3237	83	39	all	all	DT
3237	83	40	aspects	aspect	NNS
3237	83	41	of	of	IN
3237	83	42	the	the	DT
3237	83	43	interface	interface	NN
3237	83	44	with	with	IN
3237	83	45	the	the	DT
3237	83	46	user	user	NN
3237	83	47	.	.	.
3237	84	1	One	one	CD
3237	84	2	need	nee	MD
3237	84	3	only	only	RB
3237	84	4	reflect	reflect	VB
3237	84	5	upon	upon	IN
3237	84	6	the	the	DT
3237	84	7	famous	famous	JJ
3237	84	8	Englebart	Englebart	NNP
3237	84	9	demonstration	demonstration	NN
3237	84	10	of	of	IN
3237	84	11	the	the	DT
3237	84	12	“	"	``
3237	84	13	mouse	mouse	NN
3237	84	14	”	"	''
3237	84	15	most	most	RBS
3237	84	16	often	often	RB
3237	84	17	viewed	view	VBN
3237	84	18	in	in	IN
3237	84	19	Alan	Alan	NNP
3237	84	20	Kay	Kay	NNP
3237	84	21	’s	’s	POS
3237	84	22	video	video	NN
3237	84	23	presentation.36	presentation.36	NNP
3237	84	24	Englebart	Englebart	NNP
3237	84	25	’s	’s	POS
3237	84	26	mouse	mouse	NN
3237	84	27	preceded	precede	VBD
3237	84	28	the	the	DT
3237	84	29	notion	notion	NN
3237	84	30	of	of	IN
3237	84	31	a	a	DT
3237	84	32	desktop	desktop	NN
3237	84	33	and	and	CC
3237	84	34	more	more	RBR
3237	84	35	closely	closely	RB
3237	84	36	resembled	resemble	VBN
3237	84	37	a	a	DT
3237	84	38	pilot	pilot	NN
3237	84	39	’s	’s	POS
3237	84	40	controls	control	NNS
3237	84	41	than	than	IN
3237	84	42	an	an	DT
3237	84	43	office	office	NN
3237	84	44	worker	worker	NN
3237	84	45	sitting	sit	VBG
3237	84	46	at	at	IN
3237	84	47	a	a	DT
3237	84	48	typewriter	typewriter	NN
3237	84	49	keyboard	keyboard	NN
3237	84	50	.	.	.
3237	85	1	Imagine	imagine	VB
3237	85	2	how	how	WRB
3237	85	3	different	different	JJ
3237	85	4	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	85	5	computers	computer	NNS
3237	85	6	would	would	MD
3237	85	7	be	be	VB
3237	85	8	today	today	NN
3237	85	9	had	have	VBD
3237	85	10	the	the	DT
3237	85	11	pilot	pilot	NN
3237	85	12	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	85	13	ever	ever	RB
3237	85	14	got	get	VBD
3237	85	15	off	off	RP
3237	85	16	the	the	DT
3237	85	17	ground.37	ground.37	NNP
3237	85	18	the	the	DT
3237	85	19	ground	ground	NN
3237	85	20	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	85	21	walk	walk	VBP
3237	85	22	on	on	IN
3237	85	23	Having	have	VBG
3237	85	24	adopted	adopt	VBN
3237	85	25	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	85	26	,	,	,
3237	85	27	the	the	DT
3237	85	28	field	field	NN
3237	85	29	of	of	IN
3237	85	30	HCI	HCI	NNP
3237	85	31	wanted	want	VBD
3237	85	32	a	a	DT
3237	85	33	better	well	JJR
3237	85	34	understanding	understanding	NN
3237	85	35	of	of	IN
3237	85	36	why	why	WRB
3237	85	37	and	and	CC
3237	85	38	how	how	WRB
3237	85	39	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	85	40	worked	work	VBD
3237	85	41	.	.	.
3237	86	1	Carroll	Carroll	NNP
3237	86	2	and	and	CC
3237	86	3	Thomas	Thomas	NNP
3237	86	4	stressed	stress	VBD
3237	86	5	the	the	DT
3237	86	6	importance	importance	NN
3237	86	7	of	of	IN
3237	86	8	psychol-	psychol-	NN
3237	86	9	ogy	ogy	NN
3237	86	10	research	research	NN
3237	86	11	and	and	CC
3237	86	12	rallied	rally	VBD
3237	86	13	for	for	IN
3237	86	14	the	the	DT
3237	86	15	use	use	NN
3237	86	16	of	of	IN
3237	86	17	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	86	18	for	for	IN
3237	86	19	its	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	86	20	grounding	ground	VBG
3237	86	21	purposes	purpose	NNS
3237	86	22	,	,	,
3237	86	23	that	that	RB
3237	86	24	is	is	RB
3237	86	25	,	,	,
3237	86	26	bridging	bridge	VBG
3237	86	27	abstract	abstract	JJ
3237	86	28	concepts	concept	NNS
3237	86	29	to	to	IN
3237	86	30	concrete	concrete	JJ
3237	86	31	attributes	attribute	NNS
3237	86	32	.	.	.
3237	87	1	In	in	IN
3237	87	2	a	a	DT
3237	87	3	manner	manner	NN
3237	87	4	similar	similar	JJ
3237	87	5	to	to	IN
3237	87	6	Belkin	Belkin	NNP
3237	87	7	,	,	,
3237	87	8	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	87	9	brought	bring	VBD
3237	87	10	forth	forth	RB
3237	87	11	the	the	DT
3237	87	12	notion	notion	NN
3237	87	13	that	that	IN
3237	87	14	the	the	DT
3237	87	15	designer	designer	NN
3237	87	16	of	of	IN
3237	87	17	the	the	DT
3237	87	18	system	system	NN
3237	87	19	creates	create	VBZ
3237	87	20	a	a	DT
3237	87	21	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	87	22	model	model	NN
3237	87	23	of	of	IN
3237	87	24	how	how	WRB
3237	87	25	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	87	26	works	work	VBZ
3237	87	27	.	.	.
3237	88	1	The	the	DT
3237	88	2	meta-	meta-	JJ
3237	88	3	phors	phor	NNS
3237	88	4	used	use	VBN
3237	88	5	within	within	IN
3237	88	6	the	the	DT
3237	88	7	user	user	NN
3237	88	8	interface	interface	NN
3237	88	9	serve	serve	VBP
3237	88	10	as	as	IN
3237	88	11	bridges	bridge	NNS
3237	88	12	to	to	IN
3237	88	13	the	the	DT
3237	88	14	user	user	NN
3237	88	15	’s	’s	POS
3237	88	16	mental	mental	JJ
3237	88	17	model	model	NN
3237	88	18	of	of	IN
3237	88	19	the	the	DT
3237	88	20	system	system	NN
3237	88	21	.	.	.
3237	89	1	“	"	``
3237	89	2	People	People	NNS
3237	89	3	employ	employ	VBP
3237	89	4	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	89	5	in	in	IN
3237	89	6	learning	learn	VBG
3237	89	7	about	about	IN
3237	89	8	computing	compute	VBG
3237	89	9	systems	system	NNS
3237	89	10	,	,	,
3237	89	11	the	the	DT
3237	89	12	designers	designer	NNS
3237	89	13	of	of	IN
3237	89	14	those	those	DT
3237	89	15	systems	system	NNS
3237	89	16	should	should	MD
3237	89	17	anticipate	anticipate	VB
3237	89	18	and	and	CC
3237	89	19	support	support	VB
3237	89	20	likely	likely	JJ
3237	89	21	metaphorical	metaphorical	JJ
3237	89	22	constructions	construction	NNS
3237	89	23	to	to	TO
3237	89	24	increase	increase	VB
3237	89	25	the	the	DT
3237	89	26	ease	ease	NN
3237	89	27	of	of	IN
3237	89	28	learning	learn	VBG
3237	89	29	and	and	CC
3237	89	30	using	use	VBG
3237	89	31	the	the	DT
3237	89	32	system	system	NN
3237	89	33	.	.	.
3237	89	34	”38	”38	RB
3237	89	35	They	-PRON-	PRP
3237	89	36	encouraged	encourage	VBD
3237	89	37	designers	designer	NNS
3237	89	38	to	to	TO
3237	89	39	consider	consider	VB
3237	89	40	the	the	DT
3237	89	41	limitations	limitation	NNS
3237	89	42	and	and	CC
3237	89	43	consequences	consequence	NNS
3237	89	44	of	of	IN
3237	89	45	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	89	46	;	;	:
3237	89	47	ideally	ideally	RB
3237	89	48	,	,	,
3237	89	49	the	the	DT
3237	89	50	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	89	51	should	should	MD
3237	89	52	convey	convey	VB
3237	89	53	its	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	89	54	limitations	limitation	NNS
3237	89	55	to	to	IN
3237	89	56	the	the	DT
3237	89	57	user	user	NN
3237	89	58	.	.	.
3237	90	1	Their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	90	2	eagerness	eagerness	NN
3237	90	3	to	to	TO
3237	90	4	adopt	adopt	VB
3237	90	5	meta-	meta-	JJ
3237	90	6	phors	phor	NNS
3237	90	7	,	,	,
3237	90	8	which	which	WDT
3237	90	9	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	90	10	considered	consider	VBD
3237	90	11	“	"	``
3237	90	12	crucial	crucial	JJ
3237	90	13	”	"	''
3237	90	14	for	for	IN
3237	90	15	motivating	motivating	NN
3237	90	16	and	and	CC
3237	90	17	facilitating	facilitate	VBG
3237	90	18	understanding	understanding	NN
3237	90	19	,	,	,
3237	90	20	was	be	VBD
3237	90	21	countered	counter	VBN
3237	90	22	only	only	RB
3237	90	23	by	by	IN
3237	90	24	their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	90	25	warning	warning	NN
3237	90	26	that	that	IN
3237	90	27	“	"	``
3237	90	28	for	for	IN
3237	90	29	most	most	JJS
3237	90	30	computer	computer	NN
3237	90	31	systems	system	NNS
3237	90	32	there	there	EX
3237	90	33	will	will	MD
3237	90	34	come	come	VB
3237	90	35	a	a	DT
3237	90	36	point	point	NN
3237	90	37	at	at	IN
3237	90	38	which	which	WDT
3237	90	39	the	the	DT
3237	90	40	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	90	41	or	or	CC
3237	90	42	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	90	43	that	that	WDT
3237	90	44	initially	initially	RB
3237	90	45	helped	help	VBD
3237	90	46	the	the	DT
3237	90	47	user	user	NN
3237	90	48	understand	understand	VB
3237	90	49	the	the	DT
3237	90	50	system	system	NN
3237	90	51	will	will	MD
3237	90	52	begin	begin	VB
3237	90	53	to	to	TO
3237	90	54	hinder	hinder	VB
3237	90	55	further	further	JJ
3237	90	56	learning	learning	NN
3237	90	57	.	.	.
3237	90	58	”39	”39	NNP
3237	90	59	Case	Case	NNP
3237	90	60	recognized	recognize	VBD
3237	90	61	the	the	DT
3237	90	62	importance	importance	NN
3237	90	63	of	of	IN
3237	90	64	assessing	assess	VBG
3237	90	65	users	user	NNS
3237	90	66	’	’	POS
3237	90	67	needs	need	NNS
3237	90	68	and	and	CC
3237	90	69	expectations	expectation	NNS
3237	90	70	when	when	WRB
3237	90	71	designing	design	VBG
3237	90	72	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	90	73	for	for	IN
3237	90	74	systems	system	NNS
3237	90	75	.	.	.
3237	91	1	His	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	91	2	study	study	NN
3237	91	3	of	of	IN
3237	91	4	historians	historian	NNS
3237	91	5	found	find	VBD
3237	91	6	that	that	IN
3237	91	7	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	91	8	and	and	CC
3237	91	9	analogies	analogy	NNS
3237	91	10	are	be	VBP
3237	91	11	commonly	commonly	RB
3237	91	12	used	use	VBN
3237	91	13	in	in	IN
3237	91	14	the	the	DT
3237	91	15	information	information	NN
3237	91	16	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	91	17	of	of	IN
3237	91	18	historians	historian	NNS
3237	91	19	.	.	.
3237	92	1	He	-PRON-	PRP
3237	92	2	endorsed	endorse	VBD
3237	92	3	their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	92	4	use	use	NN
3237	92	5	in	in	IN
3237	92	6	inter-	inter-	NN
3237	92	7	face	face	NN
3237	92	8	development	development	NN
3237	92	9	despite	despite	IN
3237	92	10	potential	potential	JJ
3237	92	11	pitfalls	pitfall	NNS
3237	92	12	.	.	.
3237	93	1	Concerned	concern	VBN
3237	93	2	mostly	mostly	RB
3237	93	3	with	with	IN
3237	93	4	transitioning	transition	VBG
3237	93	5	historians	historian	NNS
3237	93	6	from	from	IN
3237	93	7	physical	physical	JJ
3237	93	8	to	to	IN
3237	93	9	electronic	electronic	JJ
3237	93	10	format	format	NN
3237	93	11	,	,	,
3237	93	12	Case	Case	NNP
3237	93	13	argued	argue	VBD
3237	93	14	that	that	IN
3237	93	15	digital	digital	JJ
3237	93	16	documents	document	NNS
3237	93	17	and	and	CC
3237	93	18	files	file	NNS
3237	93	19	should	should	MD
3237	93	20	more	more	RBR
3237	93	21	closely	closely	RB
3237	93	22	resemble	resemble	JJ
3237	93	23	physical	physical	JJ
3237	93	24	files	file	NNS
3237	93	25	—	—	:
3237	93	26	not	not	RB
3237	93	27	necessarily	necessarily	RB
3237	93	28	physically	physically	RB
3237	93	29	but	but	CC
3237	93	30	in	in	IN
3237	93	31	the	the	DT
3237	93	32	manner	manner	NN
3237	93	33	of	of	IN
3237	93	34	retrieval	retrieval	NNP
3237	93	35	and	and	CC
3237	93	36	storage.40	storage.40	NNP
3237	93	37	Espousing	Espousing	NNP
3237	93	38	a	a	DT
3237	93	39	slightly	slightly	RB
3237	93	40	more	more	RBR
3237	93	41	conservative	conservative	JJ
3237	93	42	opinion	opinion	NN
3237	93	43	,	,	,
3237	93	44	Marcus	Marcus	NNP
3237	93	45	indicated	indicate	VBD
3237	93	46	that	that	IN
3237	93	47	an	an	DT
3237	93	48	“	"	``
3237	93	49	appropriate	appropriate	JJ
3237	93	50	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	93	51	bal-	bal-	NN
3237	93	52	ances	ance	NNS
3237	93	53	delicately	delicately	RB
3237	93	54	expectation	expectation	NN
3237	93	55	and	and	CC
3237	93	56	surprise	surprise	NN
3237	93	57	on	on	IN
3237	93	58	part	part	NN
3237	93	59	of	of	IN
3237	93	60	the	the	DT
3237	93	61	user	user	NN
3237	93	62	/	/	SYM
3237	93	63	viewer	viewer	NN
3237	93	64	.	.	.
3237	93	65	”41	”41	NNP
3237	93	66	Marcus	Marcus	NNP
3237	93	67	repeated	repeat	VBD
3237	93	68	that	that	IN
3237	93	69	the	the	DT
3237	93	70	objective	objective	NN
3237	93	71	of	of	IN
3237	93	72	the	the	DT
3237	93	73	designer	designer	NN
3237	93	74	is	be	VBZ
3237	93	75	to	to	TO
3237	93	76	design	design	VB
3237	93	77	a	a	DT
3237	93	78	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	93	79	model	model	NN
3237	93	80	that	that	WDT
3237	93	81	clearly	clearly	RB
3237	93	82	indicates	indicate	VBZ
3237	93	83	to	to	IN
3237	93	84	users	user	NNS
3237	93	85	what	what	WP
3237	93	86	their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	93	87	expectations	expectation	NNS
3237	93	88	of	of	IN
3237	93	89	the	the	DT
3237	93	90	system	system	NN
3237	93	91	should	should	MD
3237	93	92	be	be	VB
3237	93	93	,	,	,
3237	93	94	the	the	DT
3237	93	95	goal	goal	NN
3237	93	96	being	be	VBG
3237	93	97	that	that	IN
3237	93	98	the	the	DT
3237	93	99	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	93	100	model	model	NN
3237	93	101	cre-	cre-	NN
3237	93	102	ated	ate	VBN
3237	93	103	by	by	IN
3237	93	104	the	the	DT
3237	93	105	designers	designer	NNS
3237	93	106	will	will	MD
3237	93	107	map	map	VB
3237	93	108	as	as	RB
3237	93	109	much	much	RB
3237	93	110	as	as	IN
3237	93	111	possible	possible	JJ
3237	93	112	to	to	IN
3237	93	113	an	an	DT
3237	93	114	existing	exist	VBG
3237	93	115	mental	mental	JJ
3237	93	116	model	model	NN
3237	93	117	that	that	IN
3237	93	118	the	the	DT
3237	93	119	user	user	NN
3237	93	120	can	can	MD
3237	93	121	bring	bring	VB
3237	93	122	to	to	IN
3237	93	123	refer-	refer-	JJ
3237	93	124	ence.42	ence.42	NNP
3237	93	125	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	93	126	are	be	VBP
3237	93	127	not	not	RB
3237	93	128	only	only	RB
3237	93	129	useful	useful	JJ
3237	93	130	for	for	IN
3237	93	131	familiarizing	familiarize	VBG
3237	93	132	users	user	NNS
3237	93	133	with	with	IN
3237	93	134	the	the	DT
3237	93	135	system	system	NN
3237	93	136	,	,	,
3237	93	137	but	but	CC
3237	93	138	also	also	RB
3237	93	139	affect	affect	VB
3237	93	140	the	the	DT
3237	93	141	system	system	NN
3237	93	142	design	design	NN
3237	93	143	as	as	IN
3237	93	144	part	part	NN
3237	93	145	of	of	IN
3237	93	146	the	the	DT
3237	93	147	design	design	NN
3237	93	148	rationale	rationale	NN
3237	93	149	.	.	.
3237	94	1	MacLean	MacLean	NNP
3237	94	2	,	,	,
3237	94	3	Bellotti	Bellotti	NNP
3237	94	4	,	,	,
3237	94	5	Young	Young	NNP
3237	94	6	,	,	,
3237	94	7	and	and	CC
3237	94	8	Moran	Moran	NNP
3237	94	9	noted	note	VBD
3237	94	10	the	the	DT
3237	94	11	usefulness	usefulness	NN
3237	94	12	of	of	IN
3237	94	13	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	94	14	in	in	IN
3237	94	15	the	the	DT
3237	94	16	creative	creative	JJ
3237	94	17	process	process	NN
3237	94	18	,	,	,
3237	94	19	but	but	CC
3237	94	20	expressed	express	VBD
3237	94	21	concern	concern	NN
3237	94	22	that	that	IN
3237	94	23	designers	designer	NNS
3237	94	24	should	should	MD
3237	94	25	consider	consider	VB
3237	94	26	the	the	DT
3237	94	27	effect	effect	NN
3237	94	28	of	of	IN
3237	94	29	even	even	RB
3237	94	30	implicit	implicit	JJ
3237	94	31	metaphors.43	metaphors.43	NNP
3237	94	32	Some	some	DT
3237	94	33	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	94	34	are	be	VBP
3237	94	35	inevitable	inevitable	JJ
3237	94	36	because	because	IN
3237	94	37	“	"	``
3237	94	38	new	new	JJ
3237	94	39	concepts	concept	NNS
3237	94	40	and	and	CC
3237	94	41	processes	process	NNS
3237	94	42	require	require	VBP
3237	94	43	new	new	JJ
3237	94	44	terminology	terminology	NN
3237	94	45	.	.	.
3237	95	1	We	-PRON-	PRP
3237	95	2	can	can	MD
3237	95	3	either	either	CC
3237	95	4	coin	coin	VB
3237	95	5	new	new	JJ
3237	95	6	terms	term	NNS
3237	95	7	,	,	,
3237	95	8	borrow	borrow	VB
3237	95	9	them	-PRON-	PRP
3237	95	10	from	from	IN
3237	95	11	Greek	Greek	NNP
3237	95	12	,	,	,
3237	95	13	Latin	Latin	NNP
3237	95	14	,	,	,
3237	95	15	or	or	CC
3237	95	16	other	other	JJ
3237	95	17	languages	language	NNS
3237	95	18	,	,	,
3237	95	19	create	create	VBP
3237	95	20	terms	term	NNS
3237	95	21	by	by	IN
3237	95	22	adding	add	VBG
3237	95	23	prefixes	prefix	NNS
3237	95	24	or	or	CC
3237	95	25	suffixes	suffix	NNS
3237	95	26	—	—	:
3237	95	27	or	or	CC
3237	95	28	use	use	VBP
3237	95	29	metaphoric	metaphoric	JJ
3237	95	30	terms	term	NNS
3237	95	31	.	.	.
3237	95	32	”44	”44	NN
3237	95	33	Many	many	JJ
3237	95	34	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	95	35	used	use	VBN
3237	95	36	by	by	IN
3237	95	37	designers	designer	NNS
3237	95	38	in	in	IN
3237	95	39	their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	95	40	communications	communication	NNS
3237	95	41	are	be	VBP
3237	95	42	simply	simply	RB
3237	95	43	embedded	embed	VBN
3237	95	44	in	in	IN
3237	95	45	the	the	DT
3237	95	46	language	language	NN
3237	95	47	of	of	IN
3237	95	48	computer	computer	NN
3237	95	49	science	science	NN
3237	95	50	.	.	.
3237	96	1	What	what	WP
3237	96	2	makes	make	VBZ
3237	96	3	computer	computer	NN
3237	96	4	science	science	NN
3237	96	5	so	so	RB
3237	96	6	unique	unique	JJ
3237	96	7	among	among	IN
3237	96	8	the	the	DT
3237	96	9	sciences	science	NNS
3237	96	10	,	,	,
3237	96	11	especially	especially	RB
3237	96	12	when	when	WRB
3237	96	13	using	use	VBG
3237	96	14	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	96	15	,	,	,
3237	96	16	is	be	VBZ
3237	96	17	that	that	IN
3237	96	18	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	96	19	not	not	RB
3237	96	20	only	only	RB
3237	96	21	talk	talk	VBP
3237	96	22	about	about	IN
3237	96	23	something	something	NN
3237	96	24	in	in	IN
3237	96	25	terms	term	NNS
3237	96	26	of	of	IN
3237	96	27	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	96	28	,	,	,
3237	96	29	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	96	30	imple-	imple-	VBP
3237	96	31	ment	ment	VB
3237	96	32	them	-PRON-	PRP
3237	96	33	too	too	RB
3237	96	34	.	.	.
3237	97	1	“	"	``
3237	97	2	We	-PRON-	PRP
3237	97	3	live	live	VBP
3237	97	4	with	with	IN
3237	97	5	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	97	6	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	97	7	.	.	.
3237	97	8	”45	”45	''
3237	97	9	This	this	DT
3237	97	10	discourse	discourse	NN
3237	97	11	may	may	MD
3237	97	12	carry	carry	VB
3237	97	13	loads	load	NNS
3237	97	14	of	of	IN
3237	97	15	inexplicable	inexplicable	JJ
3237	97	16	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	97	17	for	for	IN
3237	97	18	common	common	JJ
3237	97	19	users	user	NNS
3237	97	20	,	,	,
3237	97	21	“	"	``
3237	97	22	heaps	heap	VBZ
3237	97	23	”	"	''
3237	97	24	and	and	CC
3237	97	25	“	"	``
3237	97	26	stacks	stack	NNS
3237	97	27	”	"	''
3237	97	28	and	and	CC
3237	97	29	“	"	``
3237	97	30	parents	parent	NNS
3237	97	31	”	"	''
3237	97	32	and	and	CC
3237	97	33	“	"	``
3237	97	34	children	child	NNS
3237	97	35	,	,	,
3237	97	36	”	"	''
3237	97	37	for	for	IN
3237	97	38	instance	instance	NN
3237	97	39	,	,	,
3237	97	40	come	come	VB
3237	97	41	readily	readily	RB
3237	97	42	to	to	TO
3237	97	43	mind	mind	VB
3237	97	44	for	for	IN
3237	97	45	anyone	anyone	NN
3237	97	46	with	with	IN
3237	97	47	computer	computer	NN
3237	97	48	science	science	NN
3237	97	49	experience	experience	NN
3237	97	50	,	,	,
3237	97	51	but	but	CC
3237	97	52	do	do	VBP
3237	97	53	mEtaPHor	mEtaPHor	NNP
3237	97	54	’s	’s	POS
3237	97	55	rolE	rolE	,
3237	97	56	in	in	IN
3237	97	57	tHE	the	DT
3237	97	58	inFormation	information	NN
3237	97	59	BEHavior	behavior	NN
3237	97	60	oF	of	IN
3237	97	61	Humans	human	NNS
3237	97	62	intEractinG	interact	VBZ
3237	97	63	witH	with	IN
3237	97	64	comPutErs	computers	CD
3237	97	65	|	|	CD
3237	97	66	sEasE	sease	CC
3237	97	67	13	13	CD
3237	97	68	not	not	RB
3237	97	69	necessarily	necessarily	RB
3237	97	70	convey	convey	VBP
3237	97	71	meaning	meaning	NN
3237	97	72	to	to	IN
3237	97	73	users	user	NNS
3237	97	74	.	.	.
3237	98	1	We	-PRON-	PRP
3237	98	2	should	should	MD
3237	98	3	stay	stay	VB
3237	98	4	aware	aware	JJ
3237	98	5	of	of	IN
3237	98	6	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	98	7	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	98	8	so	so	IN
3237	98	9	that	that	IN
3237	98	10	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	98	11	avoid	avoid	VBP
3237	98	12	seeing	see	VBG
3237	98	13	“	"	``
3237	98	14	platforms	platform	NNS
3237	98	15	,	,	,
3237	98	16	engines	engine	NNS
3237	98	17	and	and	CC
3237	98	18	objects	object	NNS
3237	98	19	rather	rather	RB
3237	98	20	than	than	IN
3237	98	21	‘	'	``
3237	98	22	platforms	platform	NNS
3237	98	23	’	'	''
3237	98	24	,	,	,
3237	98	25	‘	'	``
3237	98	26	engines	engine	NNS
3237	98	27	’	'	''
3237	98	28	and	and	CC
3237	98	29	‘	'	``
3237	98	30	objects	object	NNS
3237	98	31	.	.	.
3237	98	32	’”46	’”46	''
3237	98	33	the	the	DT
3237	98	34	tension	tension	NN
3237	98	35	builds	build	VBZ
3237	98	36	These	these	DT
3237	98	37	caveats	caveat	NNS
3237	98	38	that	that	IN
3237	98	39	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	98	40	must	must	MD
3237	98	41	be	be	VB
3237	98	42	constantly	constantly	RB
3237	98	43	moni-	moni-	JJ
3237	98	44	tored	tore	VBN
3237	98	45	and	and	CC
3237	98	46	selected	select	VBN
3237	98	47	with	with	IN
3237	98	48	care	care	NN
3237	98	49	,	,	,
3237	98	50	coupled	couple	VBN
3237	98	51	with	with	IN
3237	98	52	a	a	DT
3237	98	53	growing	grow	VBG
3237	98	54	collection	collection	NN
3237	98	55	of	of	IN
3237	98	56	mismatched	mismatched	JJ
3237	98	57	and	and	CC
3237	98	58	ill	ill	RB
3237	98	59	-	-	HYPH
3237	98	60	fitting	fitting	JJ
3237	98	61	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	98	62	,	,	,
3237	98	63	began	begin	VBD
3237	98	64	the	the	DT
3237	98	65	initial	initial	JJ
3237	98	66	protestations	protestation	NNS
3237	98	67	over	over	IN
3237	98	68	the	the	DT
3237	98	69	use	use	NN
3237	98	70	of	of	IN
3237	98	71	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	98	72	in	in	IN
3237	98	73	HCI	HCI	NNP
3237	98	74	.	.	.
3237	99	1	The	the	DT
3237	99	2	field	field	NN
3237	99	3	of	of	IN
3237	99	4	HCI	HCI	NNP
3237	99	5	started	start	VBD
3237	99	6	experiencing	experience	VBG
3237	99	7	the	the	DT
3237	99	8	effect	effect	NN
3237	99	9	of	of	IN
3237	99	10	the	the	DT
3237	99	11	tension	tension	NN
3237	99	12	in	in	IN
3237	99	13	the	the	DT
3237	99	14	metaphorical	metaphorical	JJ
3237	99	15	equation	equation	NN
3237	99	16	—	—	:
3237	99	17	those	those	DT
3237	99	18	attributes	attribute	NNS
3237	99	19	that	that	WDT
3237	99	20	fail	fail	VBP
3237	99	21	to	to	TO
3237	99	22	match	match	VB
3237	99	23	.	.	.
3237	100	1	Gentner	Gentner	NNP
3237	100	2	and	and	CC
3237	100	3	Nielson	Nielson	NNP
3237	100	4	summarize	summarize	VB
3237	100	5	three	three	CD
3237	100	6	“	"	``
3237	100	7	classic	classic	JJ
3237	100	8	drawbacks	drawback	NNS
3237	100	9	”	"	''
3237	100	10	of	of	IN
3237	100	11	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	100	12	:	:	:
3237	100	13	n	n	CC
3237	100	14	The	the	DT
3237	100	15	target	target	NN
3237	100	16	domain	domain	NN
3237	100	17	has	have	VBZ
3237	100	18	features	feature	NNS
3237	100	19	not	not	RB
3237	100	20	in	in	IN
3237	100	21	the	the	DT
3237	100	22	source	source	NN
3237	100	23	domain	domain	NN
3237	100	24	(	(	-LRB-
3237	100	25	magic	magic	NNP
3237	100	26	attributes	attribute	NNS
3237	100	27	)	)	-RRB-
3237	100	28	.	.	.
3237	101	1	n	n	LS
3237	101	2	The	the	DT
3237	101	3	source	source	NN
3237	101	4	domain	domain	NN
3237	101	5	has	have	VBZ
3237	101	6	features	feature	NNS
3237	101	7	not	not	RB
3237	101	8	in	in	IN
3237	101	9	the	the	DT
3237	101	10	target	target	NN
3237	101	11	domain	domain	NN
3237	101	12	(	(	-LRB-
3237	101	13	misleading	misleading	JJ
3237	101	14	attributes	attribute	NNS
3237	101	15	)	)	-RRB-
3237	101	16	.	.	.
3237	102	1	n	n	LS
3237	102	2	Some	some	DT
3237	102	3	features	feature	NNS
3237	102	4	exist	exist	VBP
3237	102	5	in	in	IN
3237	102	6	both	both	DT
3237	102	7	domains	domain	NNS
3237	102	8	but	but	CC
3237	102	9	act	act	NN
3237	102	10	differ-	differ-	NNP
3237	102	11	ently	ently	RB
3237	102	12	(	(	-LRB-
3237	102	13	violation	violation	NN
3237	102	14	of	of	IN
3237	102	15	expectations).47	expectations).47	NN
3237	102	16	Even	even	RB
3237	102	17	proponents	proponent	NNS
3237	102	18	of	of	IN
3237	102	19	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	102	20	readily	readily	RB
3237	102	21	admitted	admit	VBD
3237	102	22	the	the	DT
3237	102	23	limits	limit	NNS
3237	102	24	of	of	IN
3237	102	25	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	102	26	,	,	,
3237	102	27	specifically	specifically	RB
3237	102	28	that	that	IN
3237	102	29	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	102	30	never	never	RB
3237	102	31	match	match	VBP
3237	102	32	perfectly	perfectly	RB
3237	102	33	and	and	CC
3237	102	34	that	that	IN
3237	102	35	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	102	36	can	can	MD
3237	102	37	“	"	``
3237	102	38	limit	limit	VB
3237	102	39	meaning	meaning	NN
3237	102	40	.	.	.
3237	102	41	”48	”48	NNP
3237	102	42	Halasz	Halasz	NNP
3237	102	43	and	and	CC
3237	102	44	Moran	Moran	NNP
3237	102	45	cautioned	caution	VBD
3237	102	46	that	that	IN
3237	102	47	teaching	teach	VBG
3237	102	48	new	new	JJ
3237	102	49	users	user	NNS
3237	102	50	through	through	IN
3237	102	51	analogical	analogical	JJ
3237	102	52	models	model	NNS
3237	102	53	may	may	MD
3237	102	54	be	be	VB
3237	102	55	an	an	DT
3237	102	56	easy	easy	JJ
3237	102	57	way	way	NN
3237	102	58	to	to	TO
3237	102	59	introduce	introduce	VB
3237	102	60	a	a	DT
3237	102	61	user	user	NN
3237	102	62	to	to	IN
3237	102	63	a	a	DT
3237	102	64	new	new	JJ
3237	102	65	system	system	NN
3237	102	66	but	but	CC
3237	102	67	that	that	IN
3237	102	68	“	"	``
3237	102	69	analogical	analogical	JJ
3237	102	70	models	model	NNS
3237	102	71	can	can	MD
3237	102	72	act	act	VB
3237	102	73	as	as	IN
3237	102	74	barriers	barrier	NNS
3237	102	75	preventing	prevent	VBG
3237	102	76	new	new	JJ
3237	102	77	users	user	NNS
3237	102	78	from	from	IN
3237	102	79	developing	develop	VBG
3237	102	80	an	an	DT
3237	102	81	effective	effective	JJ
3237	102	82	understanding	understanding	NN
3237	102	83	of	of	IN
3237	102	84	systems	system	NNS
3237	102	85	.	.	.
3237	102	86	”49	”49	NNP
3237	102	87	Halasz	Halasz	NNP
3237	102	88	and	and	CC
3237	102	89	Moran	Moran	NNP
3237	102	90	argued	argue	VBD
3237	102	91	that	that	IN
3237	102	92	computers	computer	NNS
3237	102	93	are	be	VBP
3237	102	94	unique	unique	JJ
3237	102	95	;	;	:
3237	102	96	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	102	97	should	should	MD
3237	102	98	abandon	abandon	VB
3237	102	99	analogical	analogical	JJ
3237	102	100	models	model	NNS
3237	102	101	and	and	CC
3237	102	102	rather	rather	RB
3237	102	103	seek	seek	VB
3237	102	104	to	to	TO
3237	102	105	create	create	VB
3237	102	106	a	a	DT
3237	102	107	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	102	108	model	model	NN
3237	102	109	of	of	IN
3237	102	110	the	the	DT
3237	102	111	system	system	NN
3237	102	112	that	that	WDT
3237	102	113	would	would	MD
3237	102	114	more	more	RBR
3237	102	115	accurately	accurately	RB
3237	102	116	reflect	reflect	VB
3237	102	117	the	the	DT
3237	102	118	actual	actual	JJ
3237	102	119	system	system	NN
3237	102	120	.	.	.
3237	103	1	A	a	DT
3237	103	2	system	system	NN
3237	103	3	designer	designer	NN
3237	103	4	’s	’s	POS
3237	103	5	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	103	6	model	model	NN
3237	103	7	would	would	MD
3237	103	8	represent	represent	VB
3237	103	9	the	the	DT
3237	103	10	system	system	NN
3237	103	11	to	to	TO
3237	103	12	improve	improve	VB
3237	103	13	the	the	DT
3237	103	14	user	user	NN
3237	103	15	’s	’s	POS
3237	103	16	ability	ability	NN
3237	103	17	to	to	TO
3237	103	18	solve	solve	VB
3237	103	19	problems	problem	NNS
3237	103	20	and	and	CC
3237	103	21	apply	apply	VB
3237	103	22	reason	reason	NN
3237	103	23	within	within	IN
3237	103	24	the	the	DT
3237	103	25	system	system	NN
3237	103	26	.	.	.
3237	104	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
3237	104	2	confess	confess	VBP
3237	104	3	that	that	IN
3237	104	4	moving	move	VBG
3237	104	5	away	away	RB
3237	104	6	from	from	IN
3237	104	7	analogical	analogical	JJ
3237	104	8	models	model	NNS
3237	104	9	leaves	leave	VBZ
3237	104	10	the	the	DT
3237	104	11	user	user	NN
3237	104	12	without	without	IN
3237	104	13	the	the	DT
3237	104	14	tool	tool	NN
3237	104	15	of	of	IN
3237	104	16	“	"	``
3237	104	17	prior	prior	JJ
3237	104	18	knowledge	knowledge	NN
3237	104	19	,	,	,
3237	104	20	”	"	''
3237	104	21	so	so	CC
3237	104	22	for	for	IN
3237	104	23	teaching	teach	VBG
3237	104	24	purposes	purpose	NNS
3237	104	25	(	(	-LRB-
3237	104	26	though	though	IN
3237	104	27	not	not	RB
3237	104	28	long	long	JJ
3237	104	29	-	-	HYPH
3237	104	30	term	term	NN
3237	104	31	reasoning	reasoning	NN
3237	104	32	purposes	purpose	NNS
3237	104	33	)	)	-RRB-
3237	104	34	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	104	35	offer	offer	VBP
3237	104	36	the	the	DT
3237	104	37	use	use	NN
3237	104	38	of	of	IN
3237	104	39	smaller	small	JJR
3237	104	40	,	,	,
3237	104	41	simpler	simple	JJR
3237	104	42	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	104	43	—	—	:
3237	104	44	those	those	DT
3237	104	45	that	that	WDT
3237	104	46	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	104	47	liken	liken	VBD
3237	104	48	to	to	IN
3237	104	49	liter-	liter-	NNP
3237	104	50	ary	ary	JJ
3237	104	51	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	104	52	used	use	VBN
3237	104	53	to	to	TO
3237	104	54	“	"	``
3237	104	55	make	make	VB
3237	104	56	a	a	DT
3237	104	57	point	point	NN
3237	104	58	in	in	IN
3237	104	59	passing	pass	VBG
3237	104	60	.	.	.
3237	105	1	Once	once	IN
3237	105	2	the	the	DT
3237	105	3	point	point	NN
3237	105	4	is	be	VBZ
3237	105	5	made	make	VBN
3237	105	6	,	,	,
3237	105	7	the	the	DT
3237	105	8	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	105	9	can	can	MD
3237	105	10	be	be	VB
3237	105	11	discarded	discard	VBN
3237	105	12	.	.	.
3237	105	13	”50	”50	''
3237	105	14	Noting	note	VBG
3237	105	15	that	that	IN
3237	105	16	there	there	EX
3237	105	17	was	be	VBD
3237	105	18	room	room	NN
3237	105	19	for	for	IN
3237	105	20	error	error	NN
3237	105	21	and	and	CC
3237	105	22	rejection	rejection	NN
3237	105	23	on	on	IN
3237	105	24	behalf	behalf	NN
3237	105	25	of	of	IN
3237	105	26	the	the	DT
3237	105	27	user	user	NN
3237	105	28	,	,	,
3237	105	29	Marcus	Marcus	NNP
3237	105	30	explained	explain	VBD
3237	105	31	that	that	IN
3237	105	32	some	some	DT
3237	105	33	inappro-	inappro-	JJ
3237	105	34	priate	priate	NN
3237	105	35	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	105	36	simply	simply	RB
3237	105	37	become	become	VBP
3237	105	38	assimilated	assimilate	VBN
3237	105	39	or	or	CC
3237	105	40	evolve	evolve	NN
3237	105	41	.	.	.
3237	106	1	For	for	IN
3237	106	2	example	example	NN
3237	106	3	,	,	,
3237	106	4	the	the	DT
3237	106	5	original	original	JJ
3237	106	6	Apple	Apple	NNP
3237	106	7	trashcan	trashcan	NN
3237	106	8	icon	icon	NN
3237	106	9	more	more	RBR
3237	106	10	closely	closely	RB
3237	106	11	resembled	resemble	VBN
3237	106	12	a	a	DT
3237	106	13	“	"	``
3237	106	14	kitchen	kitchen	NN
3237	106	15	garbage	garbage	NN
3237	106	16	can	can	MD
3237	106	17	”	"	''
3237	106	18	for	for	IN
3237	106	19	scraps	scrap	NNS
3237	106	20	and	and	CC
3237	106	21	rotting	rot	VBG
3237	106	22	things	thing	NNS
3237	106	23	than	than	IN
3237	106	24	an	an	DT
3237	106	25	office	office	NN
3237	106	26	wastebasket	wastebasket	NN
3237	106	27	for	for	IN
3237	106	28	paper	paper	NN
3237	106	29	,	,	,
3237	106	30	but	but	CC
3237	106	31	over	over	IN
3237	106	32	the	the	DT
3237	106	33	years	year	NNS
3237	106	34	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	106	35	has	have	VBZ
3237	106	36	evolved	evolve	VBN
3237	106	37	to	to	IN
3237	106	38	its	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	106	39	current	current	JJ
3237	106	40	office	office	NN
3237	106	41	basket	basket	NN
3237	106	42	icon.51	icon.51	NNP
3237	106	43	Also	also	RB
3237	106	44	,	,	,
3237	106	45	as	as	IN
3237	106	46	technology	technology	NN
3237	106	47	changes	change	NNS
3237	106	48	,	,	,
3237	106	49	the	the	DT
3237	106	50	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	106	51	will	will	MD
3237	106	52	change	change	VB
3237	106	53	.	.	.
3237	107	1	“	"	``
3237	107	2	The	the	DT
3237	107	3	paradigm	paradigm	NN
3237	107	4	shift	shift	NN
3237	107	5	,	,	,
3237	107	6	or	or	CC
3237	107	7	change	change	NN
3237	107	8	in	in	IN
3237	107	9	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	107	10	,	,	,
3237	107	11	will	will	MD
3237	107	12	be	be	VB
3237	107	13	constant	constant	JJ
3237	107	14	and	and	CC
3237	107	15	swift	swift	JJ
3237	107	16	as	as	IN
3237	107	17	paradigms	paradigm	NNS
3237	107	18	evolve	evolve	VBP
3237	107	19	from	from	IN
3237	107	20	prototypes	prototype	NNS
3237	107	21	,	,	,
3237	107	22	become	become	VB
3237	107	23	typed	typed	JJ
3237	107	24	,	,	,
3237	107	25	evolve	evolve	VB
3237	107	26	to	to	IN
3237	107	27	archetypes	archetype	NNS
3237	107	28	,	,	,
3237	107	29	and	and	CC
3237	107	30	eventually	eventually	RB
3237	107	31	become	become	VBN
3237	107	32	stereotyped	stereotyped	JJ
3237	107	33	or	or	CC
3237	107	34	obsolete	obsolete	JJ
3237	107	35	.	.	.
3237	107	36	”52	”52	NN
3237	107	37	Without	without	IN
3237	107	38	stating	state	VBG
3237	107	39	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	107	40	explicitly	explicitly	RB
3237	107	41	,	,	,
3237	107	42	he	-PRON-	PRP
3237	107	43	spoke	speak	VBD
3237	107	44	of	of	IN
3237	107	45	dead	dead	JJ
3237	107	46	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	107	47	:	:	:
3237	107	48	meta-	meta-	JJ
3237	107	49	phors	phor	NNS
3237	107	50	that	that	WDT
3237	107	51	no	no	RB
3237	107	52	longer	long	RBR
3237	107	53	bring	bring	VBP
3237	107	54	new	new	JJ
3237	107	55	meaning	meaning	NN
3237	107	56	to	to	IN
3237	107	57	light	light	NN
3237	107	58	,	,	,
3237	107	59	the	the	DT
3237	107	60	“	"	``
3237	107	61	arm	arm	NN
3237	107	62	”	"	''
3237	107	63	of	of	IN
3237	107	64	a	a	DT
3237	107	65	chair	chair	NN
3237	107	66	or	or	CC
3237	107	67	the	the	DT
3237	107	68	“	"	``
3237	107	69	leg	leg	NN
3237	107	70	”	"	''
3237	107	71	of	of	IN
3237	107	72	a	a	DT
3237	107	73	table	table	NN
3237	107	74	,	,	,
3237	107	75	for	for	IN
3237	107	76	instance	instance	NN
3237	107	77	.	.	.
3237	108	1	These	these	DT
3237	108	2	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	108	3	are	be	VBP
3237	108	4	accepted	accept	VBN
3237	108	5	idiomatically	idiomatically	RB
3237	108	6	with	with	IN
3237	108	7	no	no	DT
3237	108	8	need	need	NN
3237	108	9	for	for	IN
3237	108	10	explanation	explanation	NN
3237	108	11	and	and	CC
3237	108	12	exploration	exploration	NN
3237	108	13	.	.	.
3237	109	1	Aware	aware	JJ
3237	109	2	of	of	IN
3237	109	3	the	the	DT
3237	109	4	ease	ease	NN
3237	109	5	with	with	IN
3237	109	6	which	which	WDT
3237	109	7	users	user	NNS
3237	109	8	employ	employ	VBP
3237	109	9	idi-	idi-	NNP
3237	109	10	omatic	omatic	JJ
3237	109	11	icons	icon	NNS
3237	109	12	in	in	IN
3237	109	13	computing	computing	NN
3237	109	14	,	,	,
3237	109	15	Cooper	Cooper	NNP
3237	109	16	adduced	adduce	VBD
3237	109	17	that	that	IN
3237	109	18	idi-	idi-	NNP
3237	109	19	oms	oms	JJ
3237	109	20	and	and	CC
3237	109	21	meaningless	meaningless	JJ
3237	109	22	symbols	symbol	NNS
3237	109	23	are	be	VBP
3237	109	24	preferable	preferable	JJ
3237	109	25	to	to	IN
3237	109	26	new	new	JJ
3237	109	27	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	109	28	,	,	,
3237	109	29	claiming	claim	VBG
3237	109	30	“	"	``
3237	109	31	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	109	32	offer	offer	VBP
3237	109	33	a	a	DT
3237	109	34	tiny	tiny	JJ
3237	109	35	boost	boost	NN
3237	109	36	in	in	IN
3237	109	37	learnability	learnability	NN
3237	109	38	to	to	IN
3237	109	39	first	first	JJ
3237	109	40	time	time	NN
3237	109	41	users	user	NNS
3237	109	42	at	at	IN
3237	109	43	tremendous	tremendous	JJ
3237	109	44	cost	cost	NN
3237	109	45	.	.	.
3237	110	1	The	the	DT
3237	110	2	biggest	big	JJS
3237	110	3	problem	problem	NN
3237	110	4	is	be	VBZ
3237	110	5	that	that	IN
3237	110	6	by	by	IN
3237	110	7	representing	represent	VBG
3237	110	8	old	old	JJ
3237	110	9	technology	technology	NN
3237	110	10	,	,	,
3237	110	11	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	110	12	firmly	firmly	RB
3237	110	13	nail	nail	VBP
3237	110	14	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	110	15	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	110	16	feet	foot	NNS
3237	110	17	to	to	IN
3237	110	18	the	the	DT
3237	110	19	ground	ground	NN
3237	110	20	,	,	,
3237	110	21	forever	forever	RB
3237	110	22	limiting	limit	VBG
3237	110	23	the	the	DT
3237	110	24	power	power	NN
3237	110	25	of	of	IN
3237	110	26	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	110	27	software	software	NN
3237	110	28	.	.	.
3237	110	29	”53	”53	NNP
3237	110	30	He	-PRON-	PRP
3237	110	31	pro-	pro-	NN
3237	110	32	posed	pose	VBD
3237	110	33	that	that	IN
3237	110	34	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	110	35	move	move	VBP
3237	110	36	away	away	RB
3237	110	37	from	from	IN
3237	110	38	a	a	DT
3237	110	39	metaphoric	metaphoric	JJ
3237	110	40	paradigm	paradigm	NN
3237	110	41	to	to	IN
3237	110	42	an	an	DT
3237	110	43	idiomatic	idiomatic	JJ
3237	110	44	paradigm	paradigm	NN
3237	110	45	where	where	WRB
3237	110	46	a	a	DT
3237	110	47	word	word	NN
3237	110	48	or	or	CC
3237	110	49	symbol	symbol	NN
3237	110	50	sim-	sim-	NNS
3237	110	51	ply	ply	UH
3237	110	52	stands	stand	VBZ
3237	110	53	for	for	IN
3237	110	54	something	something	NN
3237	110	55	else	else	RB
3237	110	56	and	and	CC
3237	110	57	does	do	VBZ
3237	110	58	not	not	RB
3237	110	59	carry	carry	VB
3237	110	60	with	with	IN
3237	110	61	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	110	62	the	the	DT
3237	110	63	weight	weight	NN
3237	110	64	of	of	IN
3237	110	65	analogy	analogy	NN
3237	110	66	.	.	.
3237	111	1	Many	many	JJ
3237	111	2	of	of	IN
3237	111	3	the	the	DT
3237	111	4	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	111	5	originally	originally	RB
3237	111	6	created	create	VBN
3237	111	7	in	in	IN
3237	111	8	computing	computing	NN
3237	111	9	have	have	VBP
3237	111	10	become	become	VBN
3237	111	11	dead	dead	JJ
3237	111	12	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	111	13	or	or	CC
3237	111	14	idioms	idiom	NNS
3237	111	15	already	already	RB
3237	111	16	.	.	.
3237	112	1	People	People	NNS
3237	112	2	do	do	VBP
3237	112	3	not	not	RB
3237	112	4	think	think	VB
3237	112	5	of	of	IN
3237	112	6	their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	112	7	memory	memory	NN
3237	112	8	buffer	buffer	NN
3237	112	9	where	where	WRB
3237	112	10	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	112	11	store	store	VBP
3237	112	12	copied	copy	VBD
3237	112	13	or	or	CC
3237	112	14	cut	cut	VBN
3237	112	15	items	item	NNS
3237	112	16	as	as	IN
3237	112	17	an	an	DT
3237	112	18	actual	actual	JJ
3237	112	19	clipboard	clipboard	NN
3237	112	20	.	.	.
3237	113	1	The	the	DT
3237	113	2	Macintosh	Macintosh	NNP
3237	113	3	trashcan	trashcan	NNP
3237	113	4	is	be	VBZ
3237	113	5	ubiquitously	ubiquitously	RB
3237	113	6	cited	cite	VBN
3237	113	7	as	as	IN
3237	113	8	a	a	DT
3237	113	9	per-	per-	NN
3237	113	10	fect	fect	JJ
3237	113	11	example	example	NN
3237	113	12	of	of	IN
3237	113	13	a	a	DT
3237	113	14	mismatched	mismatch	VBN
3237	113	15	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	113	16	and	and	CC
3237	113	17	illustrates	illustrate	VBZ
3237	113	18	what	what	WP
3237	113	19	may	may	MD
3237	113	20	happen	happen	VB
3237	113	21	when	when	WRB
3237	113	22	a	a	DT
3237	113	23	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	113	24	becomes	become	VBZ
3237	113	25	idiomatic	idiomatic	JJ
3237	113	26	.	.	.
3237	114	1	For	for	IN
3237	114	2	many	many	JJ
3237	114	3	years	year	NNS
3237	114	4	to	to	IN
3237	114	5	the	the	DT
3237	114	6	horror	horror	NN
3237	114	7	and	and	CC
3237	114	8	confusion	confusion	NN
3237	114	9	of	of	IN
3237	114	10	many	many	JJ
3237	114	11	users	user	NNS
3237	114	12	,	,	,
3237	114	13	the	the	DT
3237	114	14	trashcan	trashcan	NNP
3237	114	15	both	both	DT
3237	114	16	deleted	delete	VBD
3237	114	17	files	file	NNS
3237	114	18	and	and	CC
3237	114	19	was	be	VBD
3237	114	20	used	use	VBN
3237	114	21	to	to	TO
3237	114	22	eject	eject	VB
3237	114	23	a	a	DT
3237	114	24	diskette	diskette	NN
3237	114	25	.	.	.
3237	115	1	A	a	DT
3237	115	2	user	user	NN
3237	115	3	would	would	MD
3237	115	4	drag	drag	VB
3237	115	5	their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	115	6	diskette	diskette	NNP
3237	115	7	icon	icon	NN
3237	115	8	to	to	IN
3237	115	9	the	the	DT
3237	115	10	trashcan	trashcan	NNP
3237	115	11	to	to	TO
3237	115	12	eject	eject	VB
3237	115	13	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	115	14	.	.	.
3237	116	1	Although	although	IN
3237	116	2	this	this	DT
3237	116	3	may	may	MD
3237	116	4	seem	seem	VB
3237	116	5	like	like	IN
3237	116	6	just	just	RB
3237	116	7	a	a	DT
3237	116	8	poor	poor	JJ
3237	116	9	choice	choice	NN
3237	116	10	of	of	IN
3237	116	11	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	116	12	,	,	,
3237	116	13	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	116	14	does	do	VBZ
3237	116	15	have	have	VB
3237	116	16	a	a	DT
3237	116	17	sensible	sensible	JJ
3237	116	18	origin	origin	NN
3237	116	19	.	.	.
3237	117	1	Historically	historically	RB
3237	117	2	,	,	,
3237	117	3	computers	computer	NNS
3237	117	4	had	have	VBD
3237	117	5	no	no	DT
3237	117	6	hard	hard	JJ
3237	117	7	drive	drive	NN
3237	117	8	,	,	,
3237	117	9	but	but	CC
3237	117	10	rather	rather	RB
3237	117	11	ran	run	VBD
3237	117	12	applications	application	NNS
3237	117	13	from	from	IN
3237	117	14	diskettes	diskette	NNS
3237	117	15	.	.	.
3237	118	1	When	when	WRB
3237	118	2	you	-PRON-	PRP
3237	118	3	were	be	VBD
3237	118	4	entirely	entirely	RB
3237	118	5	done	do	VBN
3237	118	6	with	with	IN
3237	118	7	the	the	DT
3237	118	8	application	application	NN
3237	118	9	you	-PRON-	PRP
3237	118	10	would	would	MD
3237	118	11	remove	remove	VB
3237	118	12	the	the	DT
3237	118	13	application	application	NN
3237	118	14	icon	icon	NN
3237	118	15	from	from	IN
3237	118	16	the	the	DT
3237	118	17	desktop	desktop	NN
3237	118	18	by	by	IN
3237	118	19	placing	place	VBG
3237	118	20	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	118	21	in	in	IN
3237	118	22	the	the	DT
3237	118	23	trash	trash	NN
3237	118	24	.	.	.
3237	119	1	You	-PRON-	PRP
3237	119	2	would	would	MD
3237	119	3	also	also	RB
3237	119	4	need	need	VB
3237	119	5	to	to	TO
3237	119	6	eject	eject	VB
3237	119	7	the	the	DT
3237	119	8	diskette	diskette	NNP
3237	119	9	.	.	.
3237	120	1	For	for	IN
3237	120	2	expediency	expediency	NN
3237	120	3	,	,	,
3237	120	4	Apple	Apple	NNP
3237	120	5	engineers	engineer	NNS
3237	120	6	incorporated	incorporate	VBD
3237	120	7	ejection	ejection	NN
3237	120	8	and	and	CC
3237	120	9	desktop	desktop	NN
3237	120	10	removal	removal	NN
3237	120	11	into	into	IN
3237	120	12	one	one	CD
3237	120	13	quick	quick	JJ
3237	120	14	task	task	NN
3237	120	15	.	.	.
3237	121	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
3237	121	2	was	be	VBD
3237	121	3	user	user	NN
3237	121	4	tested	test	VBN
3237	121	5	and	and	CC
3237	121	6	readily	readily	RB
3237	121	7	adopted.54	adopted.54	NNP
3237	121	8	The	the	DT
3237	121	9	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	121	10	was	be	VBD
3237	121	11	a	a	DT
3237	121	12	natural	natural	JJ
3237	121	13	extension	extension	NN
3237	121	14	until	until	IN
3237	121	15	the	the	DT
3237	121	16	function-	function-	NNP
3237	121	17	ality	ality	NN
3237	121	18	changed	change	VBD
3237	121	19	.	.	.
3237	122	1	The	the	DT
3237	122	2	user	user	NN
3237	122	3	is	be	VBZ
3237	122	4	not	not	RB
3237	122	5	the	the	DT
3237	122	6	only	only	JJ
3237	122	7	potential	potential	JJ
3237	122	8	victim	victim	NN
3237	122	9	of	of	IN
3237	122	10	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	122	11	;	;	:
3237	122	12	the	the	DT
3237	122	13	blinders	blinder	NNS
3237	122	14	of	of	IN
3237	122	15	an	an	DT
3237	122	16	adopted	adopt	VBN
3237	122	17	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	122	18	can	can	MD
3237	122	19	curtail	curtail	VB
3237	122	20	a	a	DT
3237	122	21	sys-	sys-	NN
3237	122	22	tem	tem	NN
3237	122	23	designers	designer	NNS
3237	122	24	’	'	''
3237	122	25	vision.55	vision.55	NNP
3237	122	26	Gentner	Gentner	NNP
3237	122	27	and	and	CC
3237	122	28	Nielson	Nielson	NNP
3237	122	29	take	take	VB
3237	122	30	great	great	JJ
3237	122	31	offense	offense	NN
3237	122	32	at	at	IN
3237	122	33	the	the	DT
3237	122	34	direct	direct	JJ
3237	122	35	manipulation	manipulation	NN
3237	122	36	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	122	37	because	because	IN
3237	122	38	it	-PRON-	PRP
3237	122	39	reduces	reduce	VBZ
3237	122	40	us	-PRON-	PRP
3237	122	41	to	to	TO
3237	122	42	“	"	``
3237	122	43	pointing	pointing	NN
3237	122	44	”	"	''
3237	122	45	and	and	CC
3237	122	46	“	"	``
3237	122	47	grunting	grunt	VBG
3237	122	48	”	"	''
3237	122	49	as	as	IN
3237	122	50	if	if	IN
3237	122	51	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	122	52	were	be	VBD
3237	122	53	children	child	NNS
3237	122	54	barely	barely	RB
3237	122	55	able	able	JJ
3237	122	56	to	to	TO
3237	122	57	communicate	communicate	VB
3237	122	58	or	or	CC
3237	122	59	patrons	patron	NNS
3237	122	60	at	at	IN
3237	122	61	a	a	DT
3237	122	62	res-	res-	NNS
3237	122	63	taurant	taurant	NN
3237	122	64	where	where	WRB
3237	122	65	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	122	66	do	do	VBP
3237	122	67	n’t	not	RB
3237	122	68	speak	speak	VB
3237	122	69	the	the	DT
3237	122	70	language	language	NN
3237	122	71	.	.	.
3237	123	1	When	when	WRB
3237	123	2	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	123	3	state	state	VBP
3237	123	4	“	"	``
3237	123	5	computer	computer	NN
3237	123	6	interfaces	interface	NNS
3237	123	7	must	must	MD
3237	123	8	evolve	evolve	VB
3237	123	9	to	to	TO
3237	123	10	utilize	utilize	VB
3237	123	11	more	more	JJR
3237	123	12	of	of	IN
3237	123	13	the	the	DT
3237	123	14	power	power	NN
3237	123	15	of	of	IN
3237	123	16	language,”56	language,”56	NNP
3237	123	17	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	123	18	are	be	VBP
3237	123	19	not	not	RB
3237	123	20	speaking	speak	VBG
3237	123	21	of	of	IN
3237	123	22	voice	voice	NN
3237	123	23	control	control	NN
3237	123	24	and	and	CC
3237	123	25	natural	natural	JJ
3237	123	26	language	language	NN
3237	123	27	processing	processing	NN
3237	123	28	,	,	,
3237	123	29	but	but	CC
3237	123	30	to	to	TO
3237	123	31	creat-	creat-	VB
3237	123	32	ing	ing	NNP
3237	123	33	a	a	DT
3237	123	34	shared	shared	JJ
3237	123	35	language	language	NN
3237	123	36	understandable	understandable	JJ
3237	123	37	by	by	IN
3237	123	38	both	both	DT
3237	123	39	the	the	DT
3237	123	40	user	user	NN
3237	123	41	and	and	CC
3237	123	42	the	the	DT
3237	123	43	system	system	NN
3237	123	44	.	.	.
3237	124	1	Only	only	RB
3237	124	2	“	"	``
3237	124	3	power	power	NN
3237	124	4	users	user	NNS
3237	124	5	”	"	''
3237	124	6	of	of	IN
3237	124	7	a	a	DT
3237	124	8	machine	machine	NN
3237	124	9	have	have	VBP
3237	124	10	breached	breach	VBN
3237	124	11	the	the	DT
3237	124	12	walls	wall	NNS
3237	124	13	of	of	IN
3237	124	14	the	the	DT
3237	124	15	interface	interface	NN
3237	124	16	and	and	CC
3237	124	17	have	have	VBP
3237	124	18	attempted	attempt	VBN
3237	124	19	to	to	TO
3237	124	20	learn	learn	VB
3237	124	21	the	the	DT
3237	124	22	language	language	NN
3237	124	23	of	of	IN
3237	124	24	the	the	DT
3237	124	25	machine	machine	NN
3237	124	26	itself	-PRON-	PRP
3237	124	27	,	,	,
3237	124	28	but	but	CC
3237	124	29	even	even	RB
3237	124	30	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	124	31	are	be	VBP
3237	124	32	inevitably	inevitably	RB
3237	124	33	dragged	drag	VBN
3237	124	34	down	down	RP
3237	124	35	by	by	IN
3237	124	36	the	the	DT
3237	124	37	restrictions	restriction	NNS
3237	124	38	of	of	IN
3237	124	39	direct	direct	JJ
3237	124	40	manipulation.57	manipulation.57	NNP
3237	124	41	14	14	CD
3237	124	42	inFormation	inFormation	NNP
3237	124	43	tEcHnoloGY	technology	NN
3237	124	44	anD	and	CC
3237	124	45	liBrariEs	libraries	NN
3237	124	46	|	|	NNP
3237	124	47	DEcEmBEr	DEcEmBEr	NNP
3237	124	48	2008	2008	CD
3237	124	49	Near	near	IN
3237	124	50	the	the	DT
3237	124	51	end	end	NN
3237	124	52	of	of	IN
3237	124	53	the	the	DT
3237	124	54	millennium	millennium	NN
3237	124	55	,	,	,
3237	124	56	user	user	NN
3237	124	57	interface	interface	NN
3237	124	58	guide-	guide-	NN
3237	124	59	lines	line	NNS
3237	124	60	and	and	CC
3237	124	61	handbooks	handbook	NNS
3237	124	62	backed	back	VBD
3237	124	63	off	off	RP
3237	124	64	—	—	:
3237	124	65	afraid	afraid	JJ
3237	124	66	to	to	TO
3237	124	67	support	support	VB
3237	124	68	or	or	CC
3237	124	69	spurn	spurn	NN
3237	124	70	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	124	71	use	use	NN
3237	124	72	in	in	IN
3237	124	73	HCI	HCI	NNP
3237	124	74	.	.	.
3237	125	1	Blackwell	Blackwell	NNP
3237	125	2	’s	’s	POS
3237	125	3	chronicle	chronicle	NN
3237	125	4	of	of	IN
3237	125	5	the	the	DT
3237	125	6	history	history	NN
3237	125	7	of	of	IN
3237	125	8	the	the	DT
3237	125	9	desktop	desktop	NN
3237	125	10	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	125	11	notes	note	NNS
3237	125	12	that	that	IN
3237	125	13	1990	1990	CD
3237	125	14	“	"	``
3237	125	15	marked	mark	VBD
3237	125	16	the	the	DT
3237	125	17	middle	middle	NN
3237	125	18	of	of	IN
3237	125	19	a	a	DT
3237	125	20	decade	decade	NN
3237	125	21	(	(	-LRB-
3237	125	22	1985	1985	CD
3237	125	23	to	to	IN
3237	125	24	1995	1995	CD
3237	125	25	)	)	-RRB-
3237	125	26	in	in	IN
3237	125	27	which	which	WDT
3237	125	28	research-	research-	JJ
3237	125	29	ers	ers	NNP
3237	125	30	anticipated	anticipate	VBD
3237	125	31	problems	problem	NNS
3237	125	32	with	with	IN
3237	125	33	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	125	34	at	at	IN
3237	125	35	the	the	DT
3237	125	36	start	start	NN
3237	125	37	and	and	CC
3237	125	38	had	have	VBD
3237	125	39	experienced	experience	VBN
3237	125	40	failure	failure	NN
3237	125	41	by	by	IN
3237	125	42	the	the	DT
3237	125	43	end	end	NN
3237	125	44	.	.	.
3237	125	45	”58	”58	VB
3237	125	46	The	the	DT
3237	125	47	silence	silence	NN
3237	125	48	is	be	VBZ
3237	125	49	most	most	RBS
3237	125	50	stunning	stunning	JJ
3237	125	51	in	in	IN
3237	125	52	the	the	DT
3237	125	53	Handbook	Handbook	NNP
3237	125	54	of	of	IN
3237	125	55	Human	Human	NNP
3237	125	56	Computer	Computer	NNP
3237	125	57	Interaction	Interaction	NNP
3237	125	58	,	,	,
3237	125	59	a	a	DT
3237	125	60	1,582	1,582	CD
3237	125	61	page	page	NN
3237	125	62	volume	volume	NN
3237	125	63	in	in	IN
3237	125	64	which	which	WDT
3237	125	65	only	only	RB
3237	125	66	two	two	CD
3237	125	67	of	of	IN
3237	125	68	the	the	DT
3237	125	69	sixty	sixty	CD
3237	125	70	-	-	HYPH
3237	125	71	two	two	CD
3237	125	72	chapters	chapter	NNS
3237	125	73	even	even	RB
3237	125	74	mention	mention	VBP
3237	125	75	metaphors.59	metaphors.59	NNP
3237	125	76	Hollan	Hollan	NNP
3237	125	77	,	,	,
3237	125	78	Bederson	Bederson	NNP
3237	125	79	,	,	,
3237	125	80	and	and	CC
3237	125	81	Helfman	Helfman	NNP
3237	125	82	caution	caution	VBP
3237	125	83	against	against	IN
3237	125	84	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	125	85	in	in	IN
3237	125	86	their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	125	87	chapter	chapter	NN
3237	125	88	on	on	IN
3237	125	89	information	information	NN
3237	125	90	visualization,60	visualization,60	NN
3237	125	91	while	while	IN
3237	125	92	Neale	Neale	NNP
3237	125	93	and	and	CC
3237	125	94	Carroll	Carroll	NNP
3237	125	95	cautiously	cautiously	RB
3237	125	96	return	return	VBP
3237	125	97	to	to	IN
3237	125	98	Carroll	Carroll	NNP
3237	125	99	’s	’s	POS
3237	125	100	original	original	JJ
3237	125	101	thesis	thesis	NN
3237	125	102	,	,	,
3237	125	103	stress-	stress-	VBD
3237	125	104	ing	e	VBG
3237	125	105	the	the	DT
3237	125	106	importance	importance	NN
3237	125	107	of	of	IN
3237	125	108	creating	create	VBG
3237	125	109	a	a	DT
3237	125	110	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	125	111	model	model	NN
3237	125	112	(	(	-LRB-
3237	125	113	the	the	DT
3237	125	114	designer	designer	NN
3237	125	115	’s	’s	POS
3237	125	116	model	model	NN
3237	125	117	of	of	IN
3237	125	118	the	the	DT
3237	125	119	system	system	NN
3237	125	120	’s	’s	POS
3237	125	121	functions	function	NNS
3237	125	122	)	)	-RRB-
3237	125	123	that	that	IN
3237	125	124	“	"	``
3237	125	125	should	should	MD
3237	125	126	incorporate	incorporate	VB
3237	125	127	an	an	DT
3237	125	128	accurate	accurate	JJ
3237	125	129	understanding	understanding	NN
3237	125	130	of	of	IN
3237	125	131	the	the	DT
3237	125	132	user	user	NN
3237	125	133	’s	’s	POS
3237	125	134	task	task	NN
3237	125	135	,	,	,
3237	125	136	requirements	requirement	NNS
3237	125	137	,	,	,
3237	125	138	experience	experience	NN
3237	125	139	,	,	,
3237	125	140	capabilities	capability	NNS
3237	125	141	,	,	,
3237	125	142	and	and	CC
3237	125	143	limitations	limitation	NNS
3237	125	144	.	.	.
3237	125	145	”61	”61	NNP
3237	125	146	n	n	CC
3237	125	147	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	125	148	ever	ever	RB
3237	125	149	after	after	IN
3237	125	150	By	by	IN
3237	125	151	the	the	DT
3237	125	152	year	year	NN
3237	125	153	2000	2000	CD
3237	125	154	,	,	,
3237	125	155	system	system	NN
3237	125	156	designers	designer	NNS
3237	125	157	found	find	VBD
3237	125	158	themselves	-PRON-	PRP
3237	125	159	stuck	stick	VBN
3237	125	160	between	between	IN
3237	125	161	a	a	DT
3237	125	162	rock	rock	NN
3237	125	163	and	and	CC
3237	125	164	hard	hard	JJ
3237	125	165	drive	drive	NN
3237	125	166	.	.	.
3237	126	1	Investigations	investigation	NNS
3237	126	2	into	into	IN
3237	126	3	the	the	DT
3237	126	4	efficacy	efficacy	NN
3237	126	5	of	of	IN
3237	126	6	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	126	7	find	find	VBP
3237	126	8	that	that	IN
3237	126	9	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	126	10	are	be	VBP
3237	126	11	a	a	DT
3237	126	12	mixed	mixed	JJ
3237	126	13	bag	bag	NN
3237	126	14	,	,	,
3237	126	15	unavoidable	unavoidable	JJ
3237	126	16	,	,	,
3237	126	17	useful	useful	JJ
3237	126	18	,	,	,
3237	126	19	yet	yet	CC
3237	126	20	problematic.62	problematic.62	NNP
3237	126	21	While	while	IN
3237	126	22	creating	create	VBG
3237	126	23	a	a	DT
3237	126	24	taxonomy	taxonomy	NN
3237	126	25	of	of	IN
3237	126	26	HCI	HCI	NNP
3237	126	27	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	126	28	,	,	,
3237	126	29	Barr	Barr	NNP
3237	126	30	,	,	,
3237	126	31	Biddle	Biddle	NNP
3237	126	32	,	,	,
3237	126	33	and	and	CC
3237	126	34	Noble	noble	JJ
3237	126	35	conclude	conclude	NN
3237	126	36	that	that	IN
3237	126	37	“	"	``
3237	126	38	the	the	DT
3237	126	39	analysis	analysis	NN
3237	126	40	present	present	JJ
3237	126	41	in	in	IN
3237	126	42	the	the	DT
3237	126	43	taxonomy	taxonomy	NN
3237	126	44	should	should	MD
3237	126	45	indicate	indicate	VB
3237	126	46	that	that	IN
3237	126	47	there	there	EX
3237	126	48	are	be	VBP
3237	126	49	many	many	JJ
3237	126	50	benefits	benefit	NNS
3237	126	51	to	to	TO
3237	126	52	user	user	NN
3237	126	53	-	-	HYPH
3237	126	54	interface	interface	NN
3237	126	55	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	126	56	if	if	IN
3237	126	57	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	126	58	choose	choose	VBP
3237	126	59	them	-PRON-	PRP
3237	126	60	correctly	correctly	RB
3237	126	61	and	and	CC
3237	126	62	harness	harness	VB
3237	126	63	them	-PRON-	PRP
3237	126	64	properly	properly	RB
3237	126	65	.	.	.
3237	126	66	”63	”63	NNP
3237	126	67	Yet	yet	RB
3237	126	68	Blackwell	Blackwell	NNP
3237	126	69	’s	’s	POS
3237	126	70	dissertation	dissertation	NN
3237	126	71	research	research	NN
3237	126	72	finds	find	VBZ
3237	126	73	that	that	IN
3237	126	74	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	126	75	afford	afford	VBP
3237	126	76	“	"	``
3237	126	77	surprisingly	surprisingly	RB
3237	126	78	little	little	JJ
3237	126	79	benefit	benefit	NN
3237	126	80	for	for	IN
3237	126	81	cognitive	cognitive	JJ
3237	126	82	tasks	task	NNS
3237	126	83	”	"	''
3237	126	84	and	and	CC
3237	126	85	that	that	IN
3237	126	86	the	the	DT
3237	126	87	benefit	benefit	NN
3237	126	88	is	be	VBZ
3237	126	89	“	"	``
3237	126	90	largely	largely	RB
3237	126	91	restricted	restrict	VBN
3237	126	92	to	to	IN
3237	126	93	mnemonic	mnemonic	JJ
3237	126	94	assistance	assistance	NN
3237	126	95	.	.	.
3237	126	96	”64	”64	NNP
3237	126	97	Blackwell	Blackwell	NNP
3237	126	98	notes	note	VBZ
3237	126	99	that	that	IN
3237	126	100	the	the	DT
3237	126	101	benefits	benefit	NNS
3237	126	102	were	be	VBD
3237	126	103	greatest	great	JJS
3237	126	104	when	when	WRB
3237	126	105	the	the	DT
3237	126	106	user	user	NN
3237	126	107	constructed	construct	VBD
3237	126	108	his	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	126	109	or	or	CC
3237	126	110	her	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	126	111	own	own	JJ
3237	126	112	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	126	113	rather	rather	RB
3237	126	114	than	than	IN
3237	126	115	using	use	VBG
3237	126	116	the	the	DT
3237	126	117	system-	system-	NN
3237	126	118	supplied	supply	VBN
3237	126	119	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	126	120	.	.	.
3237	127	1	Interestingly	interestingly	RB
3237	127	2	,	,	,
3237	127	3	while	while	IN
3237	127	4	studying	study	VBG
3237	127	5	stu-	stu-	NN
3237	127	6	dents	dent	NNS
3237	127	7	’	’	POS
3237	127	8	understanding	understanding	NN
3237	127	9	of	of	IN
3237	127	10	search	search	NN
3237	127	11	engines	engine	NNS
3237	127	12	,	,	,
3237	127	13	Hendry	Hendry	NNP
3237	127	14	identi-	identi-	NN
3237	127	15	fied	fie	VBD
3237	127	16	a	a	DT
3237	127	17	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	127	18	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	127	19	(	(	-LRB-
3237	127	20	not	not	RB
3237	127	21	provided	provide	VBN
3237	127	22	by	by	IN
3237	127	23	the	the	DT
3237	127	24	system	system	NN
3237	127	25	)	)	-RRB-
3237	127	26	common	common	JJ
3237	127	27	to	to	IN
3237	127	28	many	many	JJ
3237	127	29	of	of	IN
3237	127	30	the	the	DT
3237	127	31	students	student	NNS
3237	127	32	’	’	POS
3237	127	33	visions	vision	NNS
3237	127	34	of	of	IN
3237	127	35	an	an	DT
3237	127	36	informa-	informa-	JJ
3237	127	37	tion	tion	NN
3237	127	38	retrieval	retrieval	NN
3237	127	39	system	system	NN
3237	127	40	.	.	.
3237	128	1	Although	although	IN
3237	128	2	Hendry	Hendry	NNP
3237	128	3	does	do	VBZ
3237	128	4	not	not	RB
3237	128	5	suggest	suggest	VB
3237	128	6	that	that	IN
3237	128	7	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	128	8	should	should	MD
3237	128	9	be	be	VB
3237	128	10	used	use	VBN
3237	128	11	when	when	WRB
3237	128	12	creating	create	VBG
3237	128	13	systems	system	NNS
3237	128	14	,	,	,
3237	128	15	he	-PRON-	PRP
3237	128	16	does	do	VBZ
3237	128	17	question	question	VB
3237	128	18	how	how	WRB
3237	128	19	existing	exist	VBG
3237	128	20	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	128	21	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	128	22	might	may	MD
3237	128	23	be	be	VB
3237	128	24	identified	identify	VBN
3237	128	25	through	through	IN
3237	128	26	sketching	sketching	NN
3237	128	27	and	and	CC
3237	128	28	then	then	RB
3237	128	29	incorporated	incorporate	VBD
3237	128	30	to	to	TO
3237	128	31	create	create	VB
3237	128	32	mappings	mapping	NNS
3237	128	33	“	"	``
3237	128	34	between	between	IN
3237	128	35	problem	problem	NN
3237	128	36	domains	domain	NNS
3237	128	37	and	and	CC
3237	128	38	pro-	pro-	NN
3237	128	39	gramming	gramming	NN
3237	128	40	notations	notation	NNS
3237	128	41	.	.	.
3237	128	42	”65	”65	NNP
3237	128	43	Endeavoring	endeavor	VBG
3237	128	44	to	to	TO
3237	128	45	incorporate	incorporate	VB
3237	128	46	the	the	DT
3237	128	47	benefits	benefit	NNS
3237	128	48	of	of	IN
3237	128	49	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	128	50	while	while	IN
3237	128	51	dodging	dodge	VBG
3237	128	52	the	the	DT
3237	128	53	drawbacks	drawback	NNS
3237	128	54	,	,	,
3237	128	55	recent	recent	JJ
3237	128	56	variations	variation	NNS
3237	128	57	on	on	IN
3237	128	58	the	the	DT
3237	128	59	use	use	NN
3237	128	60	of	of	IN
3237	128	61	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	128	62	have	have	VBP
3237	128	63	been	be	VBN
3237	128	64	tendered	tender	VBN
3237	128	65	.	.	.
3237	129	1	Neale	neale	JJ
3237	129	2	and	and	CC
3237	129	3	Carroll	Carroll	NNP
3237	129	4	lobby	lobby	NN
3237	129	5	for	for	IN
3237	129	6	composite	composite	JJ
3237	129	7	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	129	8	—	—	:
3237	129	9	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	129	10	made	make	VBD
3237	129	11	up	up	RP
3237	129	12	of	of	IN
3237	129	13	multiple	multiple	JJ
3237	129	14	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	129	15	—	—	:
3237	129	16	to	to	TO
3237	129	17	alleviate	alleviate	VB
3237	129	18	the	the	DT
3237	129	19	tension	tension	NN
3237	129	20	between	between	IN
3237	129	21	source	source	NN
3237	129	22	and	and	CC
3237	129	23	target	target	VB
3237	129	24	domains.66	domains.66	NNP
3237	129	25	Powell	Powell	NNP
3237	129	26	found	find	VBD
3237	129	27	composite	composite	JJ
3237	129	28	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	129	29	useful	useful	JJ
3237	129	30	for	for	IN
3237	129	31	facilitating	facilitate	VBG
3237	129	32	computer	computer	NN
3237	129	33	game	game	NN
3237	129	34	play	play	NN
3237	129	35	without	without	IN
3237	129	36	unduly	unduly	RB
3237	129	37	upsetting	upsetting	JJ
3237	129	38	users	user	NNS
3237	129	39	.	.	.
3237	130	1	She	-PRON-	PRP
3237	130	2	explains	explain	VBZ
3237	130	3	that	that	IN
3237	130	4	gamers	gamer	NNS
3237	130	5	have	have	VBP
3237	130	6	readily	readily	RB
3237	130	7	adopted	adopt	VBN
3237	130	8	the	the	DT
3237	130	9	tool	tool	NN
3237	130	10	or	or	CC
3237	130	11	inventory	inventory	NN
3237	130	12	bag	bag	NN
3237	130	13	from	from	IN
3237	130	14	which	which	WDT
3237	130	15	the	the	DT
3237	130	16	user	user	NN
3237	130	17	may	may	MD
3237	130	18	equip	equip	VB
3237	130	19	their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	130	20	character	character	NN
3237	130	21	with	with	IN
3237	130	22	a	a	DT
3237	130	23	man-	man-	JJ
3237	130	24	nequin	nequin	NN
3237	130	25	style	style	NN
3237	130	26	“	"	``
3237	130	27	dress	dress	NN
3237	130	28	-	-	HYPH
3237	130	29	up	up	RP
3237	130	30	”	"	''
3237	130	31	panel	panel	NN
3237	130	32	.	.	.
3237	131	1	The	the	DT
3237	131	2	bag	bag	NN
3237	131	3	and	and	CC
3237	131	4	mannequin	mannequin	NN
3237	131	5	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	131	6	have	have	VBP
3237	131	7	no	no	DT
3237	131	8	real	real	JJ
3237	131	9	-	-	HYPH
3237	131	10	world	world	NN
3237	131	11	association	association	NN
3237	131	12	but	but	CC
3237	131	13	work	work	NN
3237	131	14	effectively.67	effectively.67	NNP
3237	131	15	Hsu	Hsu	NNP
3237	131	16	,	,	,
3237	131	17	investigating	investigate	VBG
3237	131	18	composite	composite	JJ
3237	131	19	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	131	20	,	,	,
3237	131	21	confirmed	confirm	VBD
3237	131	22	Neale	Neale	NNP
3237	131	23	and	and	CC
3237	131	24	Carroll	Carroll	NNP
3237	131	25	’s	’s	POS
3237	131	26	assertions	assertion	NNS
3237	131	27	and	and	CC
3237	131	28	found	find	VBD
3237	131	29	that	that	IN
3237	131	30	the	the	DT
3237	131	31	“	"	``
3237	131	32	closer	close	JJR
3237	131	33	the	the	DT
3237	131	34	mapping	mapping	NN
3237	131	35	between	between	IN
3237	131	36	designers	designer	NNS
3237	131	37	’	’	POS
3237	131	38	conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	131	39	models	model	NNS
3237	131	40	and	and	CC
3237	131	41	users	user	NNS
3237	131	42	’	’	POS
3237	131	43	mental	mental	JJ
3237	131	44	models	model	NNS
3237	131	45	,	,	,
3237	131	46	the	the	DT
3237	131	47	greater	great	JJR
3237	131	48	the	the	DT
3237	131	49	effect	effect	NN
3237	131	50	of	of	IN
3237	131	51	interface	interface	NN
3237	131	52	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	131	53	.	.	.
3237	131	54	”68	”68	NNP
3237	131	55	As	as	IN
3237	131	56	an	an	DT
3237	131	57	alternative	alternative	NN
3237	131	58	to	to	IN
3237	131	59	composite	composite	JJ
3237	131	60	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	131	61	,	,	,
3237	131	62	Khoury	Khoury	NNP
3237	131	63	and	and	CC
3237	131	64	Simoff	Simoff	NNP
3237	131	65	propose	propose	VBP
3237	131	66	a	a	DT
3237	131	67	new	new	JJ
3237	131	68	class	class	NN
3237	131	69	of	of	IN
3237	131	70	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	131	71	that	that	WDT
3237	131	72	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	131	73	call	call	VBP
3237	131	74	“	"	``
3237	131	75	elastic	elastic	JJ
3237	131	76	.	.	.
3237	131	77	”	"	''
3237	131	78	They	-PRON-	PRP
3237	131	79	explain	explain	VBP
3237	131	80	that	that	IN
3237	131	81	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	131	82	in	in	IN
3237	131	83	language	language	NN
3237	131	84	are	be	VBP
3237	131	85	unavoidable	unavoidable	JJ
3237	131	86	,	,	,
3237	131	87	and	and	CC
3237	131	88	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	131	89	must	must	MD
3237	131	90	deal	deal	VB
3237	131	91	with	with	IN
3237	131	92	them	-PRON-	PRP
3237	131	93	in	in	IN
3237	131	94	informa-	informa-	JJ
3237	131	95	tion	tion	NN
3237	131	96	technology	technology	NN
3237	131	97	.	.	.
3237	132	1	Rather	rather	RB
3237	132	2	than	than	IN
3237	132	3	focusing	focus	VBG
3237	132	4	on	on	IN
3237	132	5	concrete	concrete	JJ
3237	132	6	objects	object	NNS
3237	132	7	,	,	,
3237	132	8	however	however	RB
3237	132	9	,	,	,
3237	132	10	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	132	11	should	should	MD
3237	132	12	focus	focus	VB
3237	132	13	on	on	IN
3237	132	14	social	social	JJ
3237	132	15	structures	structure	NNS
3237	132	16	,	,	,
3237	132	17	such	such	JJ
3237	132	18	as	as	IN
3237	132	19	relationships	relationship	NNS
3237	132	20	in	in	IN
3237	132	21	game	game	NN
3237	132	22	play	play	NN
3237	132	23	.	.	.
3237	133	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
3237	133	2	conclude	conclude	VBP
3237	133	3	that	that	IN
3237	133	4	“	"	``
3237	133	5	elastic	elastic	JJ
3237	133	6	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	133	7	can	can	MD
3237	133	8	provide	provide	VB
3237	133	9	an	an	DT
3237	133	10	optimal	optimal	JJ
3237	133	11	mapping	mapping	NN
3237	133	12	from	from	IN
3237	133	13	source	source	NN
3237	133	14	to	to	TO
3237	133	15	target	target	VB
3237	133	16	domains	domain	NNS
3237	133	17	.	.	.
3237	133	18	”69	”69	NNP
3237	133	19	n	n	CC
3237	133	20	Conclusion	Conclusion	NNP
3237	133	21	Historically	historically	RB
3237	133	22	,	,	,
3237	133	23	in	in	IN
3237	133	24	HCI	HCI	NNP
3237	133	25	the	the	DT
3237	133	26	designer	designer	NN
3237	133	27	of	of	IN
3237	133	28	the	the	DT
3237	133	29	system	system	NN
3237	133	30	supplies	supply	VBZ
3237	133	31	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	133	32	to	to	TO
3237	133	33	help	help	VB
3237	133	34	the	the	DT
3237	133	35	user	user	NN
3237	133	36	understand	understand	VB
3237	133	37	the	the	DT
3237	133	38	system	system	NN
3237	133	39	better	well	RBR
3237	133	40	.	.	.
3237	134	1	Unfortunately	unfortunately	RB
3237	134	2	,	,	,
3237	134	3	this	this	DT
3237	134	4	format	format	NN
3237	134	5	falls	fall	VBZ
3237	134	6	prey	prey	NN
3237	134	7	to	to	IN
3237	134	8	Reddy	Reddy	NNP
3237	134	9	’s	’s	POS
3237	134	10	conduit	conduit	NN
3237	134	11	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	134	12	:	:	:
3237	134	13	the	the	DT
3237	134	14	receiver	receiver	NN
3237	134	15	of	of	IN
3237	134	16	the	the	DT
3237	134	17	information	information	NN
3237	134	18	is	be	VBZ
3237	134	19	left	leave	VBN
3237	134	20	out	out	IN
3237	134	21	of	of	IN
3237	134	22	the	the	DT
3237	134	23	communication	communication	NN
3237	134	24	process	process	NN
3237	134	25	.	.	.
3237	135	1	If	if	IN
3237	135	2	HCI	HCI	NNP
3237	135	3	is	be	VBZ
3237	135	4	to	to	TO
3237	135	5	learn	learn	VB
3237	135	6	from	from	IN
3237	135	7	human-	human-	NN
3237	135	8	to	to	IN
3237	135	9	-	-	HYPH
3237	135	10	human	human	JJ
3237	135	11	interaction	interaction	NN
3237	135	12	,	,	,
3237	135	13	then	then	RB
3237	135	14	the	the	DT
3237	135	15	user	user	NN
3237	135	16	of	of	IN
3237	135	17	the	the	DT
3237	135	18	system	system	NN
3237	135	19	should	should	MD
3237	135	20	be	be	VB
3237	135	21	able	able	JJ
3237	135	22	to	to	TO
3237	135	23	communicate	communicate	VB
3237	135	24	his	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	135	25	or	or	CC
3237	135	26	her	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	135	27	needs	need	NNS
3237	135	28	to	to	IN
3237	135	29	the	the	DT
3237	135	30	system	system	NN
3237	135	31	.	.	.
3237	136	1	If	if	IN
3237	136	2	the	the	DT
3237	136	3	system	system	NN
3237	136	4	does	do	VBZ
3237	136	5	not	not	RB
3237	136	6	have	have	VB
3237	136	7	the	the	DT
3237	136	8	capacity	capacity	NN
3237	136	9	to	to	TO
3237	136	10	understand	understand	VB
3237	136	11	the	the	DT
3237	136	12	request	request	NN
3237	136	13	,	,	,
3237	136	14	then	then	RB
3237	136	15	the	the	DT
3237	136	16	user	user	NN
3237	136	17	and	and	CC
3237	136	18	the	the	DT
3237	136	19	system	system	NN
3237	136	20	should	should	MD
3237	136	21	be	be	VB
3237	136	22	empow-	empow-	JJ
3237	136	23	ered	ere	VBN
3237	136	24	to	to	TO
3237	136	25	select	select	VB
3237	136	26	mutually	mutually	RB
3237	136	27	agreeable	agreeable	JJ
3237	136	28	simple	simple	JJ
3237	136	29	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	136	30	for	for	IN
3237	136	31	communicating	communicate	VBG
3237	136	32	.	.	.
3237	137	1	The	the	DT
3237	137	2	user	user	NN
3237	137	3	should	should	MD
3237	137	4	be	be	VB
3237	137	5	given	give	VBN
3237	137	6	the	the	DT
3237	137	7	option	option	NN
3237	137	8	to	to	TO
3237	137	9	choose	choose	VB
3237	137	10	his	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	137	11	or	or	CC
3237	137	12	her	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	137	13	own	own	JJ
3237	137	14	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	137	15	,	,	,
3237	137	16	and	and	CC
3237	137	17	the	the	DT
3237	137	18	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	137	19	,	,	,
3237	137	20	vocabulary	vocabulary	NN
3237	137	21	,	,	,
3237	137	22	and	and	CC
3237	137	23	“	"	``
3237	137	24	language	language	NN
3237	137	25	”	"	''
3237	137	26	created	create	VBN
3237	137	27	should	should	MD
3237	137	28	be	be	VB
3237	137	29	able	able	JJ
3237	137	30	to	to	TO
3237	137	31	evolve	evolve	VB
3237	137	32	as	as	IN
3237	137	33	the	the	DT
3237	137	34	boundaries	boundary	NNS
3237	137	35	of	of	IN
3237	137	36	the	the	DT
3237	137	37	comparison	comparison	NN
3237	137	38	are	be	VBP
3237	137	39	reached	reach	VBN
3237	137	40	.	.	.
3237	138	1	A	a	DT
3237	138	2	common	common	JJ
3237	138	3	complaint	complaint	NN
3237	138	4	from	from	IN
3237	138	5	users	user	NNS
3237	138	6	is	be	VBZ
3237	138	7	,	,	,
3237	138	8	“	"	``
3237	138	9	The	the	DT
3237	138	10	computer	computer	NN
3237	138	11	just	just	RB
3237	138	12	is	be	VBZ
3237	138	13	n’t	not	RB
3237	138	14	listening	listen	VBG
3237	138	15	to	to	IN
3237	138	16	me	-PRON-	PRP
3237	138	17	.	.	.
3237	138	18	”	"	''
3237	138	19	And	and	CC
3237	138	20	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	138	21	are	be	VBP
3237	138	22	,	,	,
3237	138	23	of	of	IN
3237	138	24	course	course	NN
3237	138	25	,	,	,
3237	138	26	right	right	UH
3237	138	27	.	.	.
3237	139	1	The	the	DT
3237	139	2	field	field	NN
3237	139	3	of	of	IN
3237	139	4	information	information	NN
3237	139	5	science	science	NN
3237	139	6	,	,	,
3237	139	7	and	and	CC
3237	139	8	particularly	particularly	RB
3237	139	9	the	the	DT
3237	139	10	subfield	subfield	NN
3237	139	11	of	of	IN
3237	139	12	human	human	JJ
3237	139	13	information	information	NN
3237	139	14	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	139	15	,	,	,
3237	139	16	are	be	VBP
3237	139	17	in	in	IN
3237	139	18	a	a	DT
3237	139	19	unique	unique	JJ
3237	139	20	position	position	NN
3237	139	21	to	to	TO
3237	139	22	help	help	VB
3237	139	23	resolve	resolve	VB
3237	139	24	the	the	DT
3237	139	25	long	long	RB
3237	139	26	-	-	HYPH
3237	139	27	standing	stand	VBG
3237	139	28	debate	debate	NN
3237	139	29	over	over	IN
3237	139	30	the	the	DT
3237	139	31	use	use	NN
3237	139	32	of	of	IN
3237	139	33	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	139	34	in	in	IN
3237	139	35	HCI	HCI	NNP
3237	139	36	.	.	.
3237	140	1	From	from	IN
3237	140	2	Belkin	Belkin	NNP
3237	140	3	’s	’s	POS
3237	140	4	early	early	RB
3237	140	5	stated	state	VBN
3237	140	6	objec-	objec-	NN
3237	140	7	tives	tive	NNS
3237	140	8	to	to	TO
3237	140	9	improve	improve	VB
3237	140	10	information	information	NN
3237	140	11	systems	system	NNS
3237	140	12	to	to	IN
3237	140	13	Cole	Cole	NNP
3237	140	14	and	and	CC
3237	140	15	Leide	Leide	NNP
3237	140	16	’s	’s	POS
3237	140	17	pursuit	pursuit	NN
3237	140	18	of	of	IN
3237	140	19	metaphor	metaphor	NNP
3237	140	20	instantiation	instantiation	NN
3237	140	21	in	in	IN
3237	140	22	human	human	JJ
3237	140	23	information	information	NN
3237	140	24	organizing	organize	VBG
3237	140	25	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	140	26	,	,	,
3237	140	27	the	the	DT
3237	140	28	study	study	NN
3237	140	29	of	of	IN
3237	140	30	information	information	NN
3237	140	31	behavior	behavior	NN
3237	140	32	attempts	attempt	VBZ
3237	140	33	to	to	TO
3237	140	34	better	well	RBR
3237	140	35	understand	understand	VB
3237	140	36	and	and	CC
3237	140	37	ideally	ideally	RB
3237	140	38	facilitate	facilitate	VBP
3237	140	39	the	the	DT
3237	140	40	user	user	NN
3237	140	41	—	—	:
3237	140	42	assisting	assist	VBG
3237	140	43	them	-PRON-	PRP
3237	140	44	in	in	IN
3237	140	45	their	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	140	46	acquisition	acquisition	NN
3237	140	47	and	and	CC
3237	140	48	application	application	NN
3237	140	49	of	of	IN
3237	140	50	information	information	NN
3237	140	51	.	.	.
3237	141	1	Metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	141	2	are	be	VBP
3237	141	3	clearly	clearly	RB
3237	141	4	utilized	utilize	VBN
3237	141	5	by	by	IN
3237	141	6	humans	human	NNS
3237	141	7	as	as	IN
3237	141	8	they	-PRON-	PRP
3237	141	9	communicate	communicate	VBP
3237	141	10	with	with	IN
3237	141	11	each	each	DT
3237	141	12	other	other	JJ
3237	141	13	,	,	,
3237	141	14	seek	seek	VB
3237	141	15	and	and	CC
3237	141	16	concep-	concep-	XX
3237	141	17	tualize	tualize	VB
3237	141	18	information	information	NN
3237	141	19	,	,	,
3237	141	20	and	and	CC
3237	141	21	solve	solve	VB
3237	141	22	problems	problem	NNS
3237	141	23	.	.	.
3237	142	1	To	to	TO
3237	142	2	improve	improve	VB
3237	142	3	the	the	DT
3237	142	4	interaction	interaction	NN
3237	142	5	between	between	IN
3237	142	6	human	human	NN
3237	142	7	and	and	CC
3237	142	8	computer	computer	NN
3237	142	9	,	,	,
3237	142	10	we	-PRON-	PRP
3237	142	11	must	must	MD
3237	142	12	first	first	RB
3237	142	13	gain	gain	VB
3237	142	14	better	well	JJR
3237	142	15	insight	insight	NN
3237	142	16	into	into	IN
3237	142	17	the	the	DT
3237	142	18	role	role	NN
3237	142	19	that	that	WDT
3237	142	20	metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	142	21	play	play	VBP
3237	142	22	in	in	IN
3237	142	23	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3237	142	24	own	own	JJ
3237	142	25	interaction	interaction	NN
3237	142	26	with	with	IN
3237	142	27	information	information	NN
3237	142	28	.	.	.
3237	143	1	mEtaPHor	mEtaPHor	NNP
3237	143	2	’s	’s	POS
3237	143	3	rolE	rolE	,
3237	143	4	in	in	IN
3237	143	5	tHE	the	DT
3237	143	6	inFormation	information	NN
3237	143	7	BEHavior	behavior	NN
3237	143	8	oF	of	IN
3237	143	9	Humans	human	NNS
3237	143	10	intEractinG	interact	VBZ
3237	143	11	witH	with	IN
3237	143	12	comPutErs	computers	CD
3237	143	13	|	|	CD
3237	143	14	sEasE	sease	$
3237	143	15	15	15	CD
3237	143	16	References	reference	NNS
3237	143	17	1	1	CD
3237	143	18	.	.	.
3237	144	1	Donald	Donald	NNP
3237	144	2	A.	A.	NNP
3237	144	3	Schön	Schön	NNP
3237	144	4	,	,	,
3237	144	5	“	"	``
3237	144	6	Generative	Generative	NNP
3237	144	7	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	144	8	,	,	,
3237	144	9	”	"	''
3237	144	10	in	in	IN
3237	144	11	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	144	12	and	and	CC
3237	144	13	Thought	Thought	NNP
3237	144	14	,	,	,
3237	144	15	2nd	2nd	NNP
3237	144	16	ed	ed	NNP
3237	144	17	.	.	NNP
3237	144	18	,	,	,
3237	144	19	ed	ed	NNP
3237	144	20	.	.	.
3237	145	1	Andrew	Andrew	NNP
3237	145	2	Ortony	Ortony	NNP
3237	145	3	(	(	-LRB-
3237	145	4	New	New	NNP
3237	145	5	York	York	NNP
3237	145	6	:	:	:
3237	145	7	Cambridge	Cambridge	NNP
3237	145	8	Univ	Univ	NNP
3237	145	9	.	.	.
3237	146	1	Pr	Pr	NNP
3237	146	2	.	.	NNP
3237	146	3	,	,	,
3237	146	4	1993	1993	CD
3237	146	5	)	)	-RRB-
3237	146	6	:	:	:
3237	146	7	138	138	CD
3237	146	8	.	.	.
3237	147	1	2	2	LS
3237	147	2	.	.	.
3237	148	1	Aristotle	Aristotle	NNP
3237	148	2	,	,	,
3237	148	3	Rhetoric	Rhetoric	NNP
3237	148	4	,	,	,
3237	148	5	Book	Book	NNP
3237	148	6	III	III	NNP
3237	148	7	,	,	,
3237	148	8	Chapter	chapter	NN
3237	148	9	10	10	CD
3237	148	10	,	,	,
3237	148	11	ed	ed	NNP
3237	148	12	.	.	.
3237	149	1	Lee	Lee	NNP
3237	149	2	Honeycutt	Honeycutt	NNP
3237	149	3	,	,	,
3237	149	4	trans	tran	NNS
3237	149	5	.	.	.
3237	150	1	William	William	NNP
3237	150	2	R.	R.	NNP
3237	150	3	Roberts	Roberts	NNP
3237	150	4	,	,	,
3237	150	5	www.public.iastate.edu/~honeyl/	www.public.iastate.edu/~honeyl/	JJS
3237	150	6	Rhetoric	rhetoric	NN
3237	150	7	/	/	SYM
3237	150	8	rhet3	rhet3	NN
3237	150	9	-	-	HYPH
3237	150	10	10.html	10.html	CD
3237	150	11	(	(	-LRB-
3237	150	12	accessed	access	VBN
3237	150	13	June	June	NNP
3237	150	14	25	25	CD
3237	150	15	,	,	,
3237	150	16	2008	2008	CD
3237	150	17	)	)	-RRB-
3237	150	18	.	.	.
3237	151	1	3	3	LS
3237	151	2	.	.	.
3237	152	1	George	George	NNP
3237	152	2	Lakoff	Lakoff	NNP
3237	152	3	and	and	CC
3237	152	4	Mark	Mark	NNP
3237	152	5	Johnson	Johnson	NNP
3237	152	6	,	,	,
3237	152	7	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	152	8	We	-PRON-	PRP
3237	152	9	Live	live	VBP
3237	152	10	By	by	IN
3237	152	11	(	(	-LRB-
3237	152	12	Chicago	Chicago	NNP
3237	152	13	:	:	:
3237	152	14	Univ	Univ	NNP
3237	152	15	.	.	.
3237	153	1	of	of	IN
3237	153	2	Chicago	Chicago	NNP
3237	153	3	Pr	Pr	NNP
3237	153	4	.	.	NNP
3237	153	5	,	,	,
3237	153	6	1980	1980	CD
3237	153	7	)	)	-RRB-
3237	153	8	:	:	:
3237	153	9	5	5	CD
3237	153	10	.	.	.
3237	154	1	4	4	LS
3237	154	2	.	.	.
3237	155	1	Andrew	Andrew	NNP
3237	155	2	Ortony	Ortony	NNP
3237	155	3	,	,	,
3237	155	4	“	"	``
3237	155	5	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	155	6	,	,	,
3237	155	7	Language	Language	NNP
3237	155	8	,	,	,
3237	155	9	and	and	CC
3237	155	10	Thought	Thought	NNP
3237	155	11	,	,	,
3237	155	12	”	"	''
3237	155	13	in	in	IN
3237	155	14	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	155	15	and	and	CC
3237	155	16	Thought	Thought	NNP
3237	155	17	,	,	,
3237	155	18	2nd	2nd	NNP
3237	155	19	ed	ed	NNP
3237	155	20	.	.	NNP
3237	155	21	,	,	,
3237	155	22	ed	ed	NNP
3237	155	23	.	.	.
3237	156	1	Andrew	Andrew	NNP
3237	156	2	Ortony	Ortony	NNP
3237	156	3	(	(	-LRB-
3237	156	4	New	New	NNP
3237	156	5	York	York	NNP
3237	156	6	:	:	:
3237	156	7	Cambridge	Cambridge	NNP
3237	156	8	Univ	Univ	NNP
3237	156	9	.	.	.
3237	157	1	Pr	Pr	NNP
3237	157	2	.	.	NNP
3237	157	3	,	,	,
3237	157	4	1979/1993	1979/1993	CD
3237	157	5	)	)	-RRB-
3237	157	6	:	:	:
3237	157	7	1–18	1–18	CD
3237	157	8	.	.	.
3237	158	1	5	5	CD
3237	158	2	.	.	.
3237	159	1	Robert	Robert	NNP
3237	159	2	Sternberg	Sternberg	NNP
3237	159	3	,	,	,
3237	159	4	Roger	Roger	NNP
3237	159	5	Tourangeau	Tourangeau	NNP
3237	159	6	,	,	,
3237	159	7	and	and	CC
3237	159	8	Georgia	Georgia	NNP
3237	159	9	Nigro	Nigro	NNP
3237	159	10	,	,	,
3237	159	11	“	"	``
3237	159	12	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	159	13	,	,	,
3237	159	14	Induction	Induction	NNP
3237	159	15	,	,	,
3237	159	16	and	and	CC
3237	159	17	Social	Social	NNP
3237	159	18	Policy	Policy	NNP
3237	159	19	:	:	:
3237	159	20	The	the	DT
3237	159	21	Convergence	Convergence	NNP
3237	159	22	of	of	IN
3237	159	23	Macroscopic	Macroscopic	NNP
3237	159	24	and	and	CC
3237	159	25	Microscopic	Microscopic	NNP
3237	159	26	Views	Views	NNPS
3237	159	27	,	,	,
3237	159	28	”	"	''
3237	159	29	in	in	IN
3237	159	30	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	159	31	and	and	CC
3237	159	32	Thought	Thought	NNP
3237	159	33	,	,	,
3237	159	34	2nd	2nd	NNP
3237	159	35	ed	ed	NNP
3237	159	36	.	.	NNP
3237	159	37	,	,	,
3237	159	38	ed	ed	NNP
3237	159	39	.	.	.
3237	160	1	Andrew	Andrew	NNP
3237	160	2	Ortony	Ortony	NNP
3237	160	3	(	(	-LRB-
3237	160	4	New	New	NNP
3237	160	5	York	York	NNP
3237	160	6	:	:	:
3237	160	7	Cambridge	Cambridge	NNP
3237	160	8	Univ	Univ	NNP
3237	160	9	.	.	.
3237	161	1	Pr	Pr	NNP
3237	161	2	.	.	NNP
3237	161	3	,	,	,
3237	161	4	1979/1993	1979/1993	CD
3237	161	5	)	)	-RRB-
3237	161	6	:	:	:
3237	161	7	277–303	277–303	CD
3237	161	8	.	.	.
3237	162	1	6	6	CD
3237	162	2	.	.	.
3237	163	1	Lakoff	Lakoff	NNP
3237	163	2	and	and	CC
3237	163	3	Johnson	Johnson	NNP
3237	163	4	,	,	,
3237	163	5	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	163	6	We	-PRON-	PRP
3237	163	7	Live	live	VBP
3237	163	8	By	by	IN
3237	163	9	,	,	,
3237	163	10	9	9	CD
3237	163	11	.	.	.
3237	164	1	7	7	LS
3237	164	2	.	.	.
3237	165	1	George	George	NNP
3237	165	2	Lakoff	Lakoff	NNP
3237	165	3	,	,	,
3237	165	4	“	"	``
3237	165	5	The	the	DT
3237	165	6	Contemporary	Contemporary	NNP
3237	165	7	Theory	Theory	NNP
3237	165	8	of	of	IN
3237	165	9	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	165	10	,	,	,
3237	165	11	”	"	''
3237	165	12	in	in	IN
3237	165	13	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	165	14	and	and	CC
3237	165	15	Thought	Thought	NNP
3237	165	16	,	,	,
3237	165	17	2nd	2nd	NNP
3237	165	18	ed	ed	NNP
3237	165	19	.	.	NNP
3237	165	20	,	,	,
3237	165	21	ed	ed	NNP
3237	165	22	.	.	.
3237	166	1	Andrew	Andrew	NNP
3237	166	2	Ortony	Ortony	NNP
3237	166	3	(	(	-LRB-
3237	166	4	New	New	NNP
3237	166	5	York	York	NNP
3237	166	6	:	:	:
3237	166	7	Cambridge	Cambridge	NNP
3237	166	8	Univ	Univ	NNP
3237	166	9	.	.	.
3237	167	1	Pr	Pr	NNP
3237	167	2	.	.	NNP
3237	167	3	,	,	,
3237	167	4	1979/1993	1979/1993	CD
3237	167	5	)	)	-RRB-
3237	167	6	:	:	:
3237	167	7	194	194	CD
3237	167	8	.	.	.
3237	168	1	8	8	LS
3237	168	2	.	.	.
3237	169	1	Lakoff	Lakoff	NNP
3237	169	2	and	and	CC
3237	169	3	Johnson	Johnson	NNP
3237	169	4	,	,	,
3237	169	5	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	169	6	We	-PRON-	PRP
3237	169	7	Live	live	VBP
3237	169	8	By	by	IN
3237	169	9	.	.	.
3237	170	1	9	9	CD
3237	170	2	.	.	.
3237	171	1	Michael	Michael	NNP
3237	171	2	J.	J.	NNP
3237	171	3	Reddy	Reddy	NNP
3237	171	4	,	,	,
3237	171	5	“	"	``
3237	171	6	The	the	DT
3237	171	7	Conduit	Conduit	NNP
3237	171	8	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	171	9	,	,	,
3237	171	10	”	"	''
3237	171	11	in	in	IN
3237	171	12	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	171	13	and	and	CC
3237	171	14	Thought	Thought	NNP
3237	171	15	,	,	,
3237	171	16	2nd	2nd	NNP
3237	171	17	ed	ed	NNP
3237	171	18	.	.	NNP
3237	171	19	,	,	,
3237	171	20	ed	ed	NNP
3237	171	21	.	.	.
3237	172	1	Andrew	Andrew	NNP
3237	172	2	Ortony	Ortony	NNP
3237	172	3	(	(	-LRB-
3237	172	4	New	New	NNP
3237	172	5	York	York	NNP
3237	172	6	:	:	:
3237	172	7	Cam-	Cam-	NNP
3237	172	8	bridge	bridge	NN
3237	172	9	Univ	Univ	NNP
3237	172	10	.	.	.
3237	173	1	Pr	Pr	NNP
3237	173	2	.	.	NNP
3237	173	3	,	,	,
3237	173	4	1993	1993	CD
3237	173	5	)	)	-RRB-
3237	173	6	:	:	:
3237	173	7	174–201	174–201	CD
3237	173	8	.	.	.
3237	174	1	10	10	CD
3237	174	2	.	.	.
3237	175	1	Ibid	ibid	RB
3237	175	2	.	.	.
3237	176	1	11	11	CD
3237	176	2	.	.	.
3237	177	1	Alan	Alan	NNP
3237	177	2	Paivio	Paivio	NNP
3237	177	3	and	and	CC
3237	177	4	Mary	Mary	NNP
3237	177	5	Walsh	Walsh	NNP
3237	177	6	,	,	,
3237	177	7	“	"	``
3237	177	8	Psychological	psychological	JJ
3237	177	9	Processes	Processes	NNPS
3237	177	10	in	in	IN
3237	177	11	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	177	12	Comprehension	Comprehension	NNP
3237	177	13	and	and	CC
3237	177	14	Memory	memory	NN
3237	177	15	,	,	,
3237	177	16	”	"	''
3237	177	17	in	in	IN
3237	177	18	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	177	19	and	and	CC
3237	177	20	Thought	Thought	NNP
3237	177	21	,	,	,
3237	177	22	2nd	2nd	NNP
3237	177	23	ed	ed	NNP
3237	177	24	.	.	NNP
3237	177	25	,	,	,
3237	177	26	ed	ed	NNP
3237	177	27	.	.	.
3237	178	1	Andrew	Andrew	NNP
3237	178	2	Ortony	Ortony	NNP
3237	178	3	(	(	-LRB-
3237	178	4	New	New	NNP
3237	178	5	York	York	NNP
3237	178	6	:	:	:
3237	178	7	Cambridge	Cambridge	NNP
3237	178	8	Univ	Univ	NNP
3237	178	9	.	.	.
3237	179	1	Pr	Pr	NNP
3237	179	2	.	.	NNP
3237	179	3	,	,	,
3237	179	4	1979/1993	1979/1993	CD
3237	179	5	)	)	-RRB-
3237	179	6	:	:	:
3237	179	7	307–28	307–28	CD
3237	179	8	.	.	.
3237	180	1	12	12	CD
3237	180	2	.	.	.
3237	181	1	Sam	Sam	NNP
3237	181	2	Glucksberg	Glucksberg	NNP
3237	181	3	and	and	CC
3237	181	4	Boaz	Boaz	NNP
3237	181	5	Keysar	Keysar	NNP
3237	181	6	,	,	,
3237	181	7	“	"	``
3237	181	8	How	how	WRB
3237	181	9	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	181	10	Work	work	VBP
3237	181	11	,	,	,
3237	181	12	”	"	''
3237	181	13	in	in	IN
3237	181	14	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	181	15	and	and	CC
3237	181	16	Thought	Thought	NNP
3237	181	17	,	,	,
3237	181	18	2nd	2nd	NNP
3237	181	19	ed	ed	NNP
3237	181	20	.	.	NNP
3237	181	21	,	,	,
3237	181	22	ed	ed	NNP
3237	181	23	.	.	.
3237	182	1	Andrew	Andrew	NNP
3237	182	2	Ortony	Ortony	NNP
3237	182	3	(	(	-LRB-
3237	182	4	New	New	NNP
3237	182	5	York	York	NNP
3237	182	6	:	:	:
3237	182	7	Cambridge	Cambridge	NNP
3237	182	8	Univ	Univ	NNP
3237	182	9	.	.	.
3237	183	1	Pr	Pr	NNP
3237	183	2	.	.	NNP
3237	183	3	,	,	,
3237	183	4	1993	1993	CD
3237	183	5	)	)	-RRB-
3237	183	6	:	:	:
3237	183	7	408	408	CD
3237	183	8	.	.	.
3237	184	1	13	13	CD
3237	184	2	.	.	.
3237	185	1	Ibid	Ibid	NNP
3237	185	2	.	.	.
3237	185	3	,	,	,
3237	185	4	401	401	CD
3237	185	5	.	.	.
3237	186	1	14	14	CD
3237	186	2	.	.	.
3237	187	1	Dedre	Dedre	NNP
3237	187	2	Gentner	Gentner	NNP
3237	187	3	,	,	,
3237	187	4	“	"	``
3237	187	5	Reasoning	reason	VBG
3237	187	6	and	and	CC
3237	187	7	Learning	Learning	NNP
3237	187	8	by	by	IN
3237	187	9	Analogy	Analogy	NNP
3237	187	10	,	,	,
3237	187	11	”	"	''
3237	187	12	American	American	NNP
3237	187	13	Psychologist	Psychologist	NNP
3237	187	14	52	52	CD
3237	187	15	,	,	,
3237	187	16	no	no	UH
3237	187	17	.	.	.
3237	188	1	1	1	CD
3237	188	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	188	3	1997	1997	CD
3237	188	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	188	5	:	:	:
3237	188	6	33	33	CD
3237	188	7	.	.	.
3237	189	1	15	15	CD
3237	189	2	.	.	.
3237	190	1	Judith	Judith	NNP
3237	190	2	E.	E.	NNP
3237	190	3	Weiner	Weiner	NNP
3237	190	4	,	,	,
3237	190	5	“	"	``
3237	190	6	A	a	DT
3237	190	7	Knowledge	Knowledge	NNP
3237	190	8	Representation	Representation	NNP
3237	190	9	Approach	Approach	NNP
3237	190	10	to	to	IN
3237	190	11	Understanding	Understanding	NNP
3237	190	12	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	190	13	,	,	,
3237	190	14	”	"	''
3237	190	15	Computational	Computational	NNP
3237	190	16	Linguistics	Linguistics	NNP
3237	190	17	10	10	CD
3237	190	18	,	,	,
3237	190	19	no	no	UH
3237	190	20	.	.	.
3237	191	1	1	1	CD
3237	191	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	191	3	1984	1984	CD
3237	191	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	191	5	:	:	:
3237	191	6	1–14	1–14	CD
3237	191	7	.	.	.
3237	192	1	16	16	CD
3237	192	2	.	.	.
3237	193	1	George	George	NNP
3237	193	2	Lakoff	Lakoff	NNP
3237	193	3	,	,	,
3237	193	4	“	"	``
3237	193	5	Position	Position	NNP
3237	193	6	Paper	Paper	NNP
3237	193	7	on	on	IN
3237	193	8	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	193	9	,	,	,
3237	193	10	”	"	''
3237	193	11	Proceed-	Proceed-	NNP
3237	193	12	ings	ing	NNS
3237	193	13	of	of	IN
3237	193	14	the	the	DT
3237	193	15	1987	1987	CD
3237	193	16	Workshop	Workshop	NNP
3237	193	17	on	on	IN
3237	193	18	Theoretical	Theoretical	NNP
3237	193	19	Issues	Issues	NNPS
3237	193	20	in	in	IN
3237	193	21	Natural	Natural	NNP
3237	193	22	Language	Language	NNP
3237	193	23	Processing	Processing	NNP
3237	193	24	(	(	-LRB-
3237	193	25	Morristown	Morristown	NNP
3237	193	26	,	,	,
3237	193	27	N.J.	New Jersey	NNP
3237	193	28	:	:	:
3237	193	29	Association	Association	NNP
3237	193	30	for	for	IN
3237	193	31	Computational	Computational	NNP
3237	193	32	Linguistics	Linguistics	NNP
3237	193	33	,	,	,
3237	193	34	1987	1987	CD
3237	193	35	)	)	-RRB-
3237	193	36	:	:	:
3237	193	37	94–197	94–197	CD
3237	193	38	.	.	.
3237	194	1	17	17	CD
3237	194	2	.	.	.
3237	195	1	Gentner	Gentner	NNP
3237	195	2	,	,	,
3237	195	3	“	"	``
3237	195	4	Reasoning	reasoning	NN
3237	195	5	,	,	,
3237	195	6	”	"	''
3237	195	7	106	106	CD
3237	195	8	.	.	.
3237	196	1	18	18	CD
3237	196	2	.	.	.
3237	197	1	Lakoff	Lakoff	NNP
3237	197	2	,	,	,
3237	197	3	“	"	``
3237	197	4	Contemporary	Contemporary	NNP
3237	197	5	Theory	Theory	NNP
3237	197	6	,	,	,
3237	197	7	”	"	''
3237	197	8	210	210	CD
3237	197	9	.	.	.
3237	198	1	19	19	CD
3237	198	2	.	.	.
3237	199	1	Jaron	Jaron	NNP
3237	199	2	Lanier	Lanier	NNP
3237	199	3	,	,	,
3237	199	4	“	"	``
3237	199	5	Jaron	Jaron	NNP
3237	199	6	’s	’s	POS
3237	199	7	World	World	NNP
3237	199	8	:	:	:
3237	199	9	The	the	DT
3237	199	10	Meaning	Meaning	NNP
3237	199	11	of	of	IN
3237	199	12	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	199	13	,	,	,
3237	199	14	”	"	''
3237	199	15	Discover	Discover	NNP
3237	199	16	(	(	-LRB-
3237	199	17	Mind	Mind	NNP
3237	199	18	and	and	CC
3237	199	19	Brain	Brain	NNP
3237	199	20	)	)	-RRB-
3237	199	21	28	28	CD
3237	199	22	,	,	,
3237	199	23	no	no	UH
3237	199	24	.	.	.
3237	200	1	2	2	CD
3237	200	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	200	3	2007	2007	CD
3237	200	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	200	5	,	,	,
3237	200	6	http://discover	http://discover	NNP
3237	200	7	magazine.com/2007/feb/jarons-world-metaphors-vocabulary	magazine.com/2007/feb/jarons-world-metaphors-vocabulary	NNP
3237	200	8	(	(	-LRB-
3237	200	9	accessed	access	VBN
3237	200	10	June	June	NNP
3237	200	11	25	25	CD
3237	200	12	,	,	,
3237	200	13	2008	2008	CD
3237	200	14	)	)	-RRB-
3237	200	15	.	.	.
3237	201	1	20	20	CD
3237	201	2	.	.	.
3237	202	1	Lakoff	Lakoff	NNP
3237	202	2	and	and	CC
3237	202	3	Johnson	Johnson	NNP
3237	202	4	,	,	,
3237	202	5	“	"	``
3237	202	6	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	202	7	.	.	.
3237	202	8	”	"	''
3237	202	9	21	21	CD
3237	202	10	.	.	.
3237	203	1	David	David	NNP
3237	203	2	Ritchie	Ritchie	NNP
3237	203	3	,	,	,
3237	203	4	“	"	``
3237	203	5	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	203	6	in	in	IN
3237	203	7	Conversational	Conversational	NNP
3237	203	8	Context	Context	NNP
3237	203	9	:	:	:
3237	203	10	Toward	toward	IN
3237	203	11	a	a	DT
3237	203	12	Connectivity	Connectivity	NNP
3237	203	13	Theory	Theory	NNP
3237	203	14	of	of	IN
3237	203	15	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	203	16	Interpretation	Interpretation	NNP
3237	203	17	,	,	,
3237	203	18	”	"	''
3237	203	19	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	203	20	and	and	CC
3237	203	21	Symbol	Symbol	NNP
3237	203	22	19	19	CD
3237	203	23	,	,	,
3237	203	24	no	no	UH
3237	203	25	.	.	.
3237	204	1	4	4	CD
3237	204	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	204	3	2004	2004	CD
3237	204	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	204	5	:	:	:
3237	204	6	265–87	265–87	CD
3237	204	7	.	.	.
3237	205	1	22	22	CD
3237	205	2	.	.	.
3237	206	1	Amanda	Amanda	NNP
3237	206	2	Spink	Spink	NNP
3237	206	3	and	and	CC
3237	206	4	Charles	Charles	NNP
3237	206	5	Cole	Cole	NNP
3237	206	6	,	,	,
3237	206	7	“	"	``
3237	206	8	A	a	DT
3237	206	9	Human	Human	NNP
3237	206	10	Information	Information	NNP
3237	206	11	Behavior	Behavior	NNP
3237	206	12	Approach	Approach	NNP
3237	206	13	to	to	IN
3237	206	14	a	a	DT
3237	206	15	Philosophy	Philosophy	NNP
3237	206	16	of	of	IN
3237	206	17	Information	information	NN
3237	206	18	,	,	,
3237	206	19	”	"	''
3237	206	20	Library	Library	NNP
3237	206	21	Trends	Trends	NNP
3237	206	22	52	52	CD
3237	206	23	,	,	,
3237	206	24	no	no	UH
3237	206	25	.	.	.
3237	207	1	3	3	CD
3237	207	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	207	3	2004	2004	CD
3237	207	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	207	5	:	:	:
3237	207	6	617–28	617–28	LS
3237	207	7	;	;	:
3237	207	8	Amanda	Amanda	NNP
3237	207	9	Spink	Spink	NNP
3237	207	10	and	and	CC
3237	207	11	James	James	NNP
3237	207	12	Currier	Currier	NNP
3237	207	13	,	,	,
3237	207	14	“	"	``
3237	207	15	Towards	towards	IN
3237	207	16	an	an	DT
3237	207	17	Evolutionary	Evolutionary	NNP
3237	207	18	Perspective	Perspective	NNP
3237	207	19	for	for	IN
3237	207	20	Human	Human	NNP
3237	207	21	Information	Information	NNP
3237	207	22	Behavior	Behavior	NNP
3237	207	23	:	:	:
3237	207	24	An	An	NNP
3237	207	25	Exploratory	Exploratory	NNP
3237	207	26	Study	Study	NNP
3237	207	27	,	,	,
3237	207	28	”	"	''
3237	207	29	Journal	Journal	NNP
3237	207	30	of	of	IN
3237	207	31	Documentation	Documentation	NNP
3237	207	32	62	62	CD
3237	207	33	,	,	,
3237	207	34	no	no	UH
3237	207	35	.	.	.
3237	208	1	2	2	CD
3237	208	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	208	3	2006	2006	CD
3237	208	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	208	5	:	:	:
3237	208	6	171–93	171–93	CD
3237	208	7	;	;	:
3237	208	8	Amanda	Amanda	NNP
3237	208	9	Spink	Spink	NNP
3237	208	10	and	and	CC
3237	208	11	James	James	NNP
3237	208	12	Currier	Currier	NNP
3237	208	13	,	,	,
3237	208	14	“	"	``
3237	208	15	Emerg-	Emerg-	NNP
3237	208	16	ing	ing	NNP
3237	208	17	Evolutionary	Evolutionary	NNP
3237	208	18	Approach	Approach	NNP
3237	208	19	to	to	IN
3237	208	20	Human	Human	NNP
3237	208	21	Information	Information	NNP
3237	208	22	Behavior	Behavior	NNP
3237	208	23	,	,	,
3237	208	24	”	"	''
3237	208	25	in	in	IN
3237	208	26	New	New	NNP
3237	208	27	Directions	Directions	NNPS
3237	208	28	in	in	IN
3237	208	29	Human	Human	NNP
3237	208	30	Information	Information	NNP
3237	208	31	Behavior	Behavior	NNP
3237	208	32	,	,	,
3237	208	33	ed	ed	NN
3237	208	34	.	.	.
3237	209	1	Amanda	Amanda	NNP
3237	209	2	Spink	Spink	NNP
3237	209	3	and	and	CC
3237	209	4	Charles	Charles	NNP
3237	209	5	Cole	Cole	NNP
3237	209	6	,	,	,
3237	209	7	ol	old	JJ
3237	209	8	.	.	.
3237	210	1	8	8	CD
3237	210	2	of	of	IN
3237	210	3	Information	Information	NNP
3237	210	4	Science	Science	NNP
3237	210	5	and	and	CC
3237	210	6	Knowledge	Knowledge	NNP
3237	210	7	Management	Management	NNP
3237	210	8	(	(	-LRB-
3237	210	9	Netherlands	Netherlands	NNP
3237	210	10	:	:	:
3237	210	11	Springer	Springer	NNP
3237	210	12	,	,	,
3237	210	13	2006	2006	CD
3237	210	14	)	)	-RRB-
3237	210	15	:	:	:
3237	210	16	170–202	170–202	CD
3237	210	17	.	.	.
3237	211	1	23	23	CD
3237	211	2	.	.	.
3237	212	1	Spink	Spink	NNP
3237	212	2	and	and	CC
3237	212	3	Currier	Currier	NNP
3237	212	4	,	,	,
3237	212	5	“	"	``
3237	212	6	Towards	towards	IN
3237	212	7	an	an	DT
3237	212	8	Evolutionary	Evolutionary	NNP
3237	212	9	Perspec-	Perspec-	NNP
3237	212	10	tive	tive	JJ
3237	212	11	.	.	.
3237	212	12	”	"	''
3237	212	13	24	24	CD
3237	212	14	.	.	.
3237	213	1	Amanda	Amanda	NNP
3237	213	2	Spink	Spink	NNP
3237	213	3	and	and	CC
3237	213	4	Charles	Charles	NNP
3237	213	5	Cole	Cole	NNP
3237	213	6	,	,	,
3237	213	7	“	"	``
3237	213	8	Human	Human	NNP
3237	213	9	Information	Information	NNP
3237	213	10	Behavior	Behavior	NNP
3237	213	11	:	:	:
3237	213	12	Integrating	integrate	VBG
3237	213	13	Diverse	diverse	JJ
3237	213	14	Approaches	approach	NNS
3237	213	15	and	and	CC
3237	213	16	Information	Information	NNP
3237	213	17	Use	Use	NNP
3237	213	18	,	,	,
3237	213	19	”	"	''
3237	213	20	Journal	Journal	NNP
3237	213	21	of	of	IN
3237	213	22	the	the	DT
3237	213	23	American	American	NNP
3237	213	24	Society	Society	NNP
3237	213	25	for	for	IN
3237	213	26	Science	Science	NNP
3237	213	27	and	and	CC
3237	213	28	Technology	Technology	NNP
3237	213	29	57	57	CD
3237	213	30	,	,	,
3237	213	31	no	no	UH
3237	213	32	.	.	.
3237	214	1	1	1	CD
3237	214	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	214	3	2005	2005	CD
3237	214	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	214	5	:	:	:
3237	214	6	25	25	CD
3237	214	7	.	.	.
3237	215	1	25	25	CD
3237	215	2	.	.	.
3237	216	1	Charles	Charles	NNP
3237	216	2	Cole	Cole	NNP
3237	216	3	and	and	CC
3237	216	4	John	John	NNP
3237	216	5	E.	E.	NNP
3237	216	6	Leide	Leide	NNP
3237	216	7	,	,	,
3237	216	8	“	"	``
3237	216	9	A	a	DT
3237	216	10	Cognitive	Cognitive	NNP
3237	216	11	Framework	Framework	NNP
3237	216	12	for	for	IN
3237	216	13	Human	Human	NNP
3237	216	14	Information	Information	NNP
3237	216	15	Behavior	Behavior	NNP
3237	216	16	:	:	:
3237	216	17	The	the	DT
3237	216	18	Place	Place	NNP
3237	216	19	of	of	IN
3237	216	20	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	216	21	in	in	IN
3237	216	22	Human	Human	NNP
3237	216	23	Information	Information	NNP
3237	216	24	Organizing	Organizing	NNP
3237	216	25	Behavior	Behavior	NNP
3237	216	26	”	"	''
3237	216	27	in	in	IN
3237	216	28	New	New	NNP
3237	216	29	Directions	Directions	NNPS
3237	216	30	in	in	IN
3237	216	31	Human	Human	NNP
3237	216	32	Information	Information	NNP
3237	216	33	Behavior	Behavior	NNP
3237	216	34	ed	ed	NNP
3237	216	35	.	.	.
3237	217	1	Amanda	Amanda	NNP
3237	217	2	Spink	Spink	NNP
3237	217	3	and	and	CC
3237	217	4	Charles	Charles	NNP
3237	217	5	Cole	Cole	NNP
3237	217	6	,	,	,
3237	217	7	vol	vol	NNP
3237	217	8	.	.	.
3237	218	1	8	8	CD
3237	218	2	of	of	IN
3237	218	3	Information	Information	NNP
3237	218	4	Science	Science	NNP
3237	218	5	and	and	CC
3237	218	6	Knowledge	Knowledge	NNP
3237	218	7	Management	Management	NNP
3237	218	8	(	(	-LRB-
3237	218	9	Nether-	Nether-	NNP
3237	218	10	lands	land	NNS
3237	218	11	:	:	:
3237	218	12	Springer	Springer	NNP
3237	218	13	,	,	,
3237	218	14	2006	2006	CD
3237	218	15	)	)	-RRB-
3237	218	16	:	:	:
3237	218	17	174	174	CD
3237	218	18	.	.	.
3237	219	1	26	26	CD
3237	219	2	.	.	.
3237	220	1	Ibid	Ibid	NNP
3237	220	2	.	.	.
3237	220	3	,	,	,
3237	220	4	173	173	CD
3237	220	5	.	.	.
3237	221	1	27	27	CD
3237	221	2	.	.	.
3237	222	1	Ibid	Ibid	NNP
3237	222	2	.	.	.
3237	222	3	,	,	,
3237	222	4	198	198	CD
3237	222	5	.	.	.
3237	223	1	28	28	CD
3237	223	2	.	.	.
3237	224	1	Weiner	Weiner	NNP
3237	224	2	,	,	,
3237	224	3	“	"	``
3237	224	4	A	a	DT
3237	224	5	Knowledge	Knowledge	NNP
3237	224	6	Representation	Representation	NNP
3237	224	7	Approach	Approach	NNP
3237	224	8	”	"	''
3237	224	9	;	;	:
3237	224	10	Gent-	Gent-	NNP
3237	224	11	ner	ner	NNP
3237	224	12	,	,	,
3237	224	13	“	"	``
3237	224	14	Reasoning	Reasoning	NNP
3237	224	15	and	and	CC
3237	224	16	Learning	Learning	NNP
3237	224	17	.	.	.
3237	224	18	”	"	''
3237	224	19	29	29	CD
3237	224	20	.	.	.
3237	225	1	Nicholas	Nicholas	NNP
3237	225	2	J.	J.	NNP
3237	225	3	Belkin	Belkin	NNP
3237	225	4	,	,	,
3237	225	5	“	"	``
3237	225	6	Anomalous	Anomalous	NNP
3237	225	7	State	State	NNP
3237	225	8	of	of	IN
3237	225	9	Knowledge	Knowledge	NNP
3237	225	10	for	for	IN
3237	225	11	Information	Information	NNP
3237	225	12	Retrieval	Retrieval	NNP
3237	225	13	,	,	,
3237	225	14	”	"	''
3237	225	15	Canadian	canadian	JJ
3237	225	16	Journal	Journal	NNP
3237	225	17	of	of	IN
3237	225	18	Information	Information	NNP
3237	225	19	Science	Science	NNP
3237	225	20	5	5	CD
3237	225	21	(	(	-LRB-
3237	225	22	1980	1980	CD
3237	225	23	)	)	-RRB-
3237	225	24	:	:	:
3237	225	25	133–43	133–43	CD
3237	225	26	.	.	.
3237	226	1	30	30	CD
3237	226	2	.	.	.
3237	227	1	Donald	Donald	NNP
3237	227	2	Gentner	Gentner	NNP
3237	227	3	and	and	CC
3237	227	4	Jacob	Jacob	NNP
3237	227	5	Nielson	Nielson	NNP
3237	227	6	,	,	,
3237	227	7	“	"	``
3237	227	8	The	the	DT
3237	227	9	Anti	Anti	NNP
3237	227	10	-	-	NNP
3237	227	11	Mac	Mac	NNP
3237	227	12	Inter-	Inter-	NNP
3237	227	13	face	face	NN
3237	227	14	,	,	,
3237	227	15	”	"	''
3237	227	16	Communications	communication	NNS
3237	227	17	of	of	IN
3237	227	18	the	the	DT
3237	227	19	ACM	ACM	NNP
3237	227	20	39	39	CD
3237	227	21	,	,	,
3237	227	22	no	no	UH
3237	227	23	.	.	.
3237	228	1	8	8	CD
3237	228	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	228	3	1996	1996	CD
3237	228	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	228	5	:	:	:
3237	228	6	70–82	70–82	CD
3237	228	7	.	.	.
3237	229	1	31	31	CD
3237	229	2	.	.	.
3237	230	1	Richard	Richard	NNP
3237	230	2	M.	M.	NNP
3237	230	3	Chisholm	Chisholm	NNP
3237	230	4	,	,	,
3237	230	5	“	"	``
3237	230	6	New	New	NNP
3237	230	7	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	230	8	for	for	IN
3237	230	9	Understand-	Understand-	NNP
3237	230	10	ing	e	VBG
3237	230	11	the	the	DT
3237	230	12	New	New	NNP
3237	230	13	Machines	Machines	NNPS
3237	230	14	”	"	''
3237	230	15	Proceedings	proceeding	NNS
3237	230	16	of	of	IN
3237	230	17	the	the	DT
3237	230	18	4th	4th	JJ
3237	230	19	Annual	Annual	NNP
3237	230	20	International	International	NNP
3237	230	21	Conference	Conference	NNP
3237	230	22	on	on	IN
3237	230	23	Systems	Systems	NNPS
3237	230	24	Documentation	Documentation	NNP
3237	230	25	(	(	-LRB-
3237	230	26	New	New	NNP
3237	230	27	York	York	NNP
3237	230	28	:	:	:
3237	230	29	ACM	ACM	NNP
3237	230	30	,	,	,
3237	230	31	1986	1986	CD
3237	230	32	)	)	-RRB-
3237	230	33	:	:	:
3237	230	34	91	91	CD
3237	230	35	.	.	.
3237	231	1	32	32	CD
3237	231	2	.	.	.
3237	232	1	Aaron	Aaron	NNP
3237	232	2	Marcus	Marcus	NNP
3237	232	3	,	,	,
3237	232	4	“	"	``
3237	232	5	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	232	6	Design	Design	NNP
3237	232	7	in	in	IN
3237	232	8	User	User	NNP
3237	232	9	Interfaces	Interfaces	NNPS
3237	232	10	:	:	:
3237	232	11	How	how	WRB
3237	232	12	to	to	TO
3237	232	13	Effectively	effectively	RB
3237	232	14	Manage	manage	VB
3237	232	15	Expectation	Expectation	NNP
3237	232	16	,	,	,
3237	232	17	Surprise	Surprise	NNP
3237	232	18	,	,	,
3237	232	19	Comprehen-	Comprehen-	NNP
3237	232	20	sion	sion	NN
3237	232	21	,	,	,
3237	232	22	and	and	CC
3237	232	23	Delight	Delight	NNP
3237	232	24	”	"	''
3237	232	25	in	in	IN
3237	232	26	Conference	Conference	NNP
3237	232	27	Companion	Companion	NNP
3237	232	28	on	on	IN
3237	232	29	Human	Human	NNP
3237	232	30	Factors	Factors	NNPS
3237	232	31	in	in	IN
3237	232	32	Computing	Computing	NNP
3237	232	33	Systems	Systems	NNPS
3237	232	34	CHI	CHI	NNP
3237	232	35	‘	'	``
3237	232	36	95	95	CD
3237	232	37	,	,	,
3237	232	38	ed	ed	NN
3237	232	39	.	.	.
3237	233	1	Irivin	Irivin	NNP
3237	233	2	Katz	Katz	NNP
3237	233	3	,	,	,
3237	233	4	Robert	Robert	NNP
3237	233	5	Mack	Mack	NNP
3237	233	6	,	,	,
3237	233	7	and	and	CC
3237	233	8	Linn	Linn	NNP
3237	233	9	Marks	Marks	NNP
3237	233	10	(	(	-LRB-
3237	233	11	New	New	NNP
3237	233	12	York	York	NNP
3237	233	13	:	:	:
3237	233	14	ACM	ACM	NNP
3237	233	15	,	,	,
3237	233	16	1995	1995	CD
3237	233	17	)	)	-RRB-
3237	233	18	:	:	:
3237	233	19	373–74	373–74	CD
3237	233	20	.	.	.
3237	234	1	33	33	CD
3237	234	2	.	.	.
3237	235	1	Benjamin	Benjamin	NNP
3237	235	2	Fineman	Fineman	NNP
3237	235	3	,	,	,
3237	235	4	“	"	``
3237	235	5	Computers	computer	NNS
3237	235	6	as	as	IN
3237	235	7	People	People	NNS
3237	235	8	:	:	:
3237	235	9	Human	Human	NNP
3237	235	10	Inter-	Inter-	NNP
3237	235	11	action	action	NN
3237	235	12	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	235	13	in	in	IN
3237	235	14	Human	Human	NNP
3237	235	15	-	-	HYPH
3237	235	16	Computer	Computer	NNP
3237	235	17	Interaction	Interaction	NNP
3237	235	18	(	(	-LRB-
3237	235	19	master	master	NNP
3237	235	20	’s	’s	POS
3237	235	21	thesis	thesis	NN
3237	235	22	,	,	,
3237	235	23	Carnegie	Carnegie	NNP
3237	235	24	-	-	HYPH
3237	235	25	Mellon	Mellon	NNP
3237	235	26	University	University	NNP
3237	235	27	,	,	,
3237	235	28	2004	2004	CD
3237	235	29	)	)	-RRB-
3237	235	30	,	,	,
3237	235	31	www.mildabandon	www.mildabandon	NNP
3237	235	32	.com	.com	.
3237	235	33	/	/	SYM
3237	235	34	paper	paper	NN
3237	235	35	/	/	SYM
3237	235	36	paper.pdf	paper.pdf	NNP
3237	235	37	(	(	-LRB-
3237	235	38	accessed	access	VBN
3237	235	39	June	June	NNP
3237	235	40	25	25	CD
3237	235	41	,	,	,
3237	235	42	2008	2008	CD
3237	235	43	)	)	-RRB-
3237	235	44	.	.	.
3237	236	1	34	34	CD
3237	236	2	.	.	.
3237	237	1	Ibid	ibid	RB
3237	237	2	.	.	.
3237	238	1	35	35	CD
3237	238	2	.	.	.
3237	239	1	Gentner	Gentner	NNP
3237	239	2	and	and	CC
3237	239	3	Nielson	Nielson	NNP
3237	239	4	,	,	,
3237	239	5	“	"	``
3237	239	6	The	the	DT
3237	239	7	Anti	Anti	NNP
3237	239	8	-	-	NNP
3237	239	9	Mac	Mac	NNP
3237	239	10	Interface	Interface	NNP
3237	239	11	.	.	.
3237	239	12	”	"	''
3237	239	13	36	36	CD
3237	239	14	.	.	.
3237	240	1	Alan	Alan	NNP
3237	240	2	Kay	Kay	NNP
3237	240	3	,	,	,
3237	240	4	Doing	do	VBG
3237	240	5	with	with	IN
3237	240	6	Images	image	NNS
3237	240	7	Makes	make	VBZ
3237	240	8	Symbols	Symbols	NNPS
3237	240	9	(	(	-LRB-
3237	240	10	University	University	NNP
3237	240	11	Video	Video	NNP
3237	240	12	Communications	Communications	NNPS
3237	240	13	,	,	,
3237	240	14	1987	1987	CD
3237	240	15	)	)	-RRB-
3237	240	16	,	,	,
3237	240	17	Flash	Flash	NNP
3237	240	18	Video	Video	NNP
3237	240	19	File	File	NNP
3237	240	20	,	,	,
3237	240	21	http://video	http://video	ADD
3237	240	22	.google.com	.google.com	.
3237	240	23	/	/	SYM
3237	240	24	videoplay?docid=-533537336174204822	videoplay?docid=-533537336174204822	NN
3237	240	25	(	(	-LRB-
3237	240	26	accessed	access	VBN
3237	240	27	June	June	NNP
3237	240	28	25	25	CD
3237	240	29	,	,	,
3237	240	30	2008	2008	CD
3237	240	31	)	)	-RRB-
3237	240	32	.	.	.
3237	241	1	37	37	CD
3237	241	2	.	.	.
3237	242	1	Alan	Alan	NNP
3237	242	2	F.	F.	NNP
3237	242	3	Blackwell	Blackwell	NNP
3237	242	4	,	,	,
3237	242	5	“	"	``
3237	242	6	The	the	DT
3237	242	7	Reification	Reification	NNP
3237	242	8	of	of	IN
3237	242	9	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	242	10	as	as	IN
3237	242	11	a	a	DT
3237	242	12	Design	Design	NNP
3237	242	13	Tool	Tool	NNP
3237	242	14	,	,	,
3237	242	15	”	"	''
3237	242	16	ACM	ACM	NNP
3237	242	17	Transactions	Transactions	NNPS
3237	242	18	on	on	IN
3237	242	19	Computer	Computer	NNP
3237	242	20	-	-	HYPH
3237	242	21	Human	Human	NNP
3237	242	22	Interaction	Interaction	NNP
3237	242	23	13	13	CD
3237	242	24	,	,	,
3237	242	25	no	no	UH
3237	242	26	.	.	.
3237	243	1	4	4	CD
3237	243	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	243	3	2006	2006	CD
3237	243	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	243	5	:	:	:
3237	243	6	490–530	490–530	CD
3237	243	7	.	.	.
3237	244	1	38	38	CD
3237	244	2	.	.	.
3237	245	1	John	John	NNP
3237	245	2	M.	M.	NNP
3237	245	3	Carroll	Carroll	NNP
3237	245	4	and	and	CC
3237	245	5	John	John	NNP
3237	245	6	C.	C.	NNP
3237	245	7	Thomas	Thomas	NNP
3237	245	8	,	,	,
3237	245	9	“	"	``
3237	245	10	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	245	11	and	and	CC
3237	245	12	the	the	DT
3237	245	13	Cognitive	Cognitive	NNP
3237	245	14	Representation	Representation	NNP
3237	245	15	of	of	IN
3237	245	16	Computing	Computing	NNP
3237	245	17	Systems	Systems	NNPS
3237	245	18	,	,	,
3237	245	19	”	"	''
3237	245	20	IEEE	IEEE	NNP
3237	245	21	Transac-	Transac-	NNP
3237	245	22	tions	tion	NNS
3237	245	23	on	on	IN
3237	245	24	Systems	Systems	NNPS
3237	245	25	,	,	,
3237	245	26	Man	Man	NNP
3237	245	27	and	and	CC
3237	245	28	Cybernetics	Cybernetics	NNP
3237	245	29	12	12	CD
3237	245	30	,	,	,
3237	245	31	no	no	UH
3237	245	32	.	.	.
3237	246	1	2	2	CD
3237	246	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	246	3	1982	1982	CD
3237	246	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	246	5	:	:	:
3237	246	6	108	108	CD
3237	246	7	.	.	.
3237	247	1	39	39	CD
3237	247	2	.	.	.
3237	248	1	Ibid	Ibid	NNP
3237	248	2	.	.	.
3237	248	3	,	,	,
3237	248	4	113	113	CD
3237	248	5	.	.	.
3237	249	1	40	40	CD
3237	249	2	.	.	.
3237	250	1	Donald	Donald	NNP
3237	250	2	Case	Case	NNP
3237	250	3	,	,	,
3237	250	4	“	"	``
3237	250	5	Conceptual	Conceptual	NNP
3237	250	6	Organization	Organization	NNP
3237	250	7	and	and	CC
3237	250	8	Retrieval	Retrieval	NNP
3237	250	9	of	of	IN
3237	250	10	Text	Text	NNP
3237	250	11	by	by	IN
3237	250	12	Historians	Historians	NNPS
3237	250	13	:	:	:
3237	250	14	The	the	DT
3237	250	15	Role	Role	NNP
3237	250	16	of	of	IN
3237	250	17	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	250	18	and	and	CC
3237	250	19	Memory	Memory	NNP
3237	250	20	,	,	,
3237	250	21	”	"	''
3237	250	22	Journal	Journal	NNP
3237	250	23	of	of	IN
3237	250	24	the	the	DT
3237	250	25	American	American	NNP
3237	250	26	Society	Society	NNP
3237	250	27	for	for	IN
3237	250	28	Information	Information	NNP
3237	250	29	Science	Science	NNP
3237	250	30	42	42	CD
3237	250	31	,	,	,
3237	250	32	no	no	UH
3237	250	33	.	.	.
3237	251	1	9	9	CD
3237	251	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	251	3	1991	1991	CD
3237	251	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	251	5	:	:	:
3237	251	6	657–68	657–68	CD
3237	251	7	.	.	.
3237	252	1	41	41	CD
3237	252	2	.	.	.
3237	253	1	Aaron	Aaron	NNP
3237	253	2	Marcus	Marcus	NNP
3237	253	3	,	,	,
3237	253	4	“	"	``
3237	253	5	Managing	manage	VBG
3237	253	6	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	253	7	for	for	IN
3237	253	8	Advanced	Advanced	NNP
3237	253	9	User	User	NNP
3237	253	10	Interface	Interface	NNP
3237	253	11	,	,	,
3237	253	12	”	"	''
3237	253	13	Proceedings	proceeding	NNS
3237	253	14	of	of	IN
3237	253	15	International	International	NNP
3237	253	16	Workshop	Workshop	NNP
3237	253	17	AVI	AVI	NNP
3237	253	18	’	'	''
3237	253	19	94	94	CD
3237	253	20	(	(	-LRB-
3237	253	21	New	New	NNP
3237	253	22	York	York	NNP
3237	253	23	:	:	:
3237	253	24	ACM	ACM	NNP
3237	253	25	,	,	,
3237	253	26	1994	1994	CD
3237	253	27	)	)	-RRB-
3237	253	28	:	:	:
3237	253	29	14	14	CD
3237	253	30	.	.	.
3237	254	1	16	16	CD
3237	254	2	inFormation	information	NN
3237	254	3	tEcHnoloGY	technology	NN
3237	254	4	anD	and	CC
3237	254	5	liBrariEs	libraries	NN
3237	254	6	|	|	NNP
3237	254	7	DEcEmBEr	DEcEmBEr	NNP
3237	254	8	2008	2008	CD
3237	254	9	42	42	CD
3237	254	10	.	.	.
3237	255	1	Ibid	ibid	RB
3237	255	2	.	.	.
3237	256	1	43	43	CD
3237	256	2	.	.	.
3237	257	1	Allan	Allan	NNP
3237	257	2	MacLean	MacLean	NNP
3237	257	3	,	,	,
3237	257	4	Victoria	Victoria	NNP
3237	257	5	Bellotti	Bellotti	NNP
3237	257	6	,	,	,
3237	257	7	Richard	Richard	NNP
3237	257	8	Young	Young	NNP
3237	257	9	,	,	,
3237	257	10	and	and	CC
3237	257	11	Thomas	Thomas	NNP
3237	257	12	Moran	Moran	NNP
3237	257	13	,	,	,
3237	257	14	“	"	``
3237	257	15	Reaching	reach	VBG
3237	257	16	Through	through	IN
3237	257	17	Analogy	analogy	NN
3237	257	18	:	:	:
3237	257	19	A	a	DT
3237	257	20	Design	Design	NNP
3237	257	21	Ratio-	Ratio-	NNP
3237	257	22	nale	nale	NN
3237	257	23	Perspective	Perspective	NNP
3237	257	24	on	on	IN
3237	257	25	Roles	Roles	NNPS
3237	257	26	of	of	IN
3237	257	27	Analogy	Analogy	NNP
3237	257	28	”	"	''
3237	257	29	in	in	IN
3237	257	30	Proceedings	Proceedings	NNP
3237	257	31	of	of	IN
3237	257	32	CHI	CHI	NNP
3237	257	33	‘	'	``
3237	257	34	91	91	CD
3237	257	35	Conference	Conference	NNP
3237	257	36	on	on	IN
3237	257	37	Human	Human	NNP
3237	257	38	Factors	Factors	NNPS
3237	257	39	in	in	IN
3237	257	40	Computer	Computer	NNP
3237	257	41	Systems	Systems	NNPS
3237	257	42	(	(	-LRB-
3237	257	43	New	New	NNP
3237	257	44	York	York	NNP
3237	257	45	:	:	:
3237	257	46	ACM	ACM	NNP
3237	257	47	Press	Press	NNP
3237	257	48	,	,	,
3237	257	49	1991	1991	CD
3237	257	50	)	)	-RRB-
3237	257	51	,	,	,
3237	257	52	167–72	167–72	CD
3237	257	53	.	.	.
3237	258	1	44	44	CD
3237	258	2	.	.	.
3237	259	1	Chilsolm	Chilsolm	NNP
3237	259	2	,	,	,
3237	259	3	“	"	``
3237	259	4	New	New	NNP
3237	259	5	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	259	6	,	,	,
3237	259	7	”	"	''
3237	259	8	90	90	CD
3237	259	9	.	.	.
3237	260	1	45	45	CD
3237	260	2	.	.	.
3237	261	1	Gerald	Gerald	NNP
3237	261	2	J.	J.	NNP
3237	261	3	Johnson	Johnson	NNP
3237	261	4	,	,	,
3237	261	5	“	"	``
3237	261	6	Of	of	IN
3237	261	7	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	261	8	and	and	CC
3237	261	9	the	the	DT
3237	261	10	Difficulty	Difficulty	NNP
3237	261	11	of	of	IN
3237	261	12	Computer	Computer	NNP
3237	261	13	Discourse	Discourse	NNP
3237	261	14	,	,	,
3237	261	15	”	"	''
3237	261	16	Communications	communication	NNS
3237	261	17	of	of	IN
3237	261	18	the	the	DT
3237	261	19	ACM	ACM	NNP
3237	261	20	37	37	CD
3237	261	21	,	,	,
3237	261	22	no	no	UH
3237	261	23	.	.	.
3237	262	1	12	12	CD
3237	262	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	262	3	1994	1994	CD
3237	262	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	262	5	:	:	:
3237	262	6	97–102	97–102	CD
3237	262	7	.	.	.
3237	263	1	46	46	CD
3237	263	2	.	.	.
3237	264	1	Ibid	Ibid	NNP
3237	264	2	.	.	.
3237	264	3	,	,	,
3237	264	4	101	101	CD
3237	264	5	.	.	.
3237	265	1	47	47	CD
3237	265	2	.	.	.
3237	266	1	Gentner	Gentner	NNP
3237	266	2	and	and	CC
3237	266	3	Nielson	Nielson	NNP
3237	266	4	,	,	,
3237	266	5	“	"	``
3237	266	6	The	the	DT
3237	266	7	Anti	Anti	NNP
3237	266	8	-	-	NNP
3237	266	9	Mac	Mac	NNP
3237	266	10	Interface	Interface	NNP
3237	266	11	.	.	.
3237	266	12	”	"	''
3237	266	13	48	48	CD
3237	266	14	.	.	.
3237	267	1	Chisolm	Chisolm	NNP
3237	267	2	,	,	,
3237	267	3	“	"	``
3237	267	4	New	New	NNP
3237	267	5	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	267	6	,	,	,
3237	267	7	”	"	''
3237	267	8	90	90	CD
3237	267	9	.	.	.
3237	268	1	49	49	CD
3237	268	2	.	.	.
3237	269	1	Frank	Frank	NNP
3237	269	2	Halasz	Halasz	NNP
3237	269	3	and	and	CC
3237	269	4	Thomas	Thomas	NNP
3237	269	5	P.	P.	NNP
3237	269	6	Moran	Moran	NNP
3237	269	7	,	,	,
3237	269	8	“	"	``
3237	269	9	Analogy	Analogy	NNP
3237	269	10	Consid-	Consid-	NNP
3237	269	11	ered	ere	VBD
3237	269	12	Harmful	harmful	JJ
3237	269	13	,	,	,
3237	269	14	”	"	''
3237	269	15	International	International	NNP
3237	269	16	Journal	Journal	NNP
3237	269	17	of	of	IN
3237	269	18	Man	Man	NNP
3237	269	19	-	-	HYPH
3237	269	20	Machine	Machine	NNP
3237	269	21	Studies	Studies	NNPS
3237	269	22	14	14	CD
3237	269	23	(	(	-LRB-
3237	269	24	1981	1981	CD
3237	269	25	)	)	-RRB-
3237	269	26	:	:	:
3237	269	27	383	383	CD
3237	269	28	.	.	.
3237	270	1	50	50	CD
3237	270	2	.	.	.
3237	271	1	Ibid	Ibid	NNP
3237	271	2	.	.	.
3237	271	3	,	,	,
3237	271	4	185	185	CD
3237	271	5	.	.	.
3237	272	1	51	51	CD
3237	272	2	.	.	.
3237	273	1	Marcus	Marcus	NNP
3237	273	2	,	,	,
3237	273	3	“	"	``
3237	273	4	Managing	manage	VBG
3237	273	5	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	273	6	,	,	,
3237	273	7	”	"	''
3237	273	8	14	14	CD
3237	273	9	.	.	.
3237	274	1	52	52	CD
3237	274	2	.	.	.
3237	275	1	Ibid	Ibid	NNP
3237	275	2	.	.	.
3237	275	3	,	,	,
3237	275	4	16	16	CD
3237	275	5	.	.	.
3237	276	1	53	53	CD
3237	276	2	.	.	.
3237	277	1	Alan	Alan	NNP
3237	277	2	Cooper	Cooper	NNP
3237	277	3	,	,	,
3237	277	4	“	"	``
3237	277	5	The	the	DT
3237	277	6	Myth	Myth	NNP
3237	277	7	of	of	IN
3237	277	8	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	277	9	”	"	''
3237	277	10	originally	originally	RB
3237	277	11	pub-	pub-	RB
3237	277	12	lished	lishe	VBN
3237	277	13	in	in	IN
3237	277	14	Visual	Visual	NNP
3237	277	15	Basic	Basic	NNP
3237	277	16	Programmer	Programmer	NNP
3237	277	17	’s	’s	POS
3237	277	18	Journal	Journal	NNP
3237	277	19	(	(	-LRB-
3237	277	20	July	July	NNP
3237	277	21	1995	1995	CD
3237	277	22	)	)	-RRB-
3237	277	23	,	,	,
3237	277	24	www	www	NNP
3237	277	25	.cooper.com	.cooper.com	NNP
3237	277	26	/	/	SYM
3237	277	27	articles	article	NNS
3237	277	28	/	/	SYM
3237	277	29	art_myth_of_metaphor.htm	art_myth_of_metaphor.htm	JJ
3237	277	30	(	(	-LRB-
3237	277	31	accessed	access	VBN
3237	277	32	June	June	NNP
3237	277	33	25	25	CD
3237	277	34	,	,	,
3237	277	35	2008	2008	CD
3237	277	36	)	)	-RRB-
3237	277	37	.	.	.
3237	278	1	54	54	CD
3237	278	2	.	.	.
3237	279	1	Tim	Tim	NNP
3237	279	2	Rohrer	Rohrer	NNP
3237	279	3	,	,	,
3237	279	4	“	"	``
3237	279	5	Metaphors	metaphor	NNS
3237	279	6	We	-PRON-	PRP
3237	279	7	Compute	compute	VBP
3237	279	8	By	by	IN
3237	279	9	:	:	:
3237	279	10	Bringing	bring	VBG
3237	279	11	Magic	Magic	NNP
3237	279	12	into	into	IN
3237	279	13	Interface	Interface	NNP
3237	279	14	Design	Design	NNP
3237	279	15	,	,	,
3237	279	16	”	"	''
3237	279	17	(	(	-LRB-
3237	279	18	1995	1995	CD
3237	279	19	)	)	-RRB-
3237	279	20	,	,	,
3237	279	21	http://zakros.ucsd.edu/~trohrer/	http://zakros.ucsd.edu/~trohrer/	NNP
3237	279	22	metaphor	metaphor	NN
3237	279	23	/	/	SYM
3237	279	24	gui4web.htm	gui4web.htm	NN
3237	279	25	(	(	-LRB-
3237	279	26	accessed	access	VBN
3237	279	27	June	June	NNP
3237	279	28	25	25	CD
3237	279	29	,	,	,
3237	279	30	2008	2008	CD
3237	279	31	)	)	-RRB-
3237	279	32	.	.	.
3237	280	1	55	55	CD
3237	280	2	.	.	.
3237	281	1	Gentner	Gentner	NNP
3237	281	2	and	and	CC
3237	281	3	Nielson	Nielson	NNP
3237	281	4	,	,	,
3237	281	5	“	"	``
3237	281	6	The	the	DT
3237	281	7	Anti	Anti	NNP
3237	281	8	-	-	NNP
3237	281	9	Mac	Mac	NNP
3237	281	10	Interface	Interface	NNP
3237	281	11	.	.	.
3237	281	12	”	"	''
3237	281	13	56	56	CD
3237	281	14	.	.	.
3237	282	1	Ibid	Ibid	NNP
3237	282	2	.	.	.
3237	282	3	,	,	,
3237	282	4	74	74	CD
3237	282	5	57	57	CD
3237	282	6	.	.	.
3237	283	1	Ibid	ibid	RB
3237	283	2	.	.	.
3237	284	1	58	58	CD
3237	284	2	.	.	.
3237	285	1	Blackwell	Blackwell	NNP
3237	285	2	,	,	,
3237	285	3	“	"	``
3237	285	4	The	the	DT
3237	285	5	Reification	Reification	NNP
3237	285	6	of	of	IN
3237	285	7	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	285	8	,	,	,
3237	285	9	”	"	''
3237	285	10	493	493	CD
3237	285	11	.	.	.
3237	286	1	59	59	CD
3237	286	2	.	.	.
3237	287	1	Handbook	Handbook	NNP
3237	287	2	of	of	IN
3237	287	3	Human	Human	NNP
3237	287	4	Computer	Computer	NNP
3237	287	5	Interaction	Interaction	NNP
3237	287	6	,	,	,
3237	287	7	2nd	2nd	NNP
3237	287	8	rev	rev	NNP
3237	287	9	.	.	.
3237	288	1	ed	ed	NNP
3237	288	2	.	.	NNP
3237	288	3	,	,	,
3237	288	4	ed	ed	NNP
3237	288	5	.	.	.
3237	289	1	Martin	Martin	NNP
3237	289	2	Helander	Helander	NNP
3237	289	3	,	,	,
3237	289	4	Thomas	Thomas	NNP
3237	289	5	Landauer	Landauer	NNP
3237	289	6	,	,	,
3237	289	7	and	and	CC
3237	289	8	P.	P.	NNP
3237	289	9	Prabhu	Prabhu	NNP
3237	289	10	(	(	-LRB-
3237	289	11	Amster-	Amster-	NNP
3237	289	12	dam	dam	NN
3237	289	13	:	:	:
3237	289	14	Elsevier	Elsevier	NNP
3237	289	15	Science	Science	NNP
3237	289	16	Pub	Pub	NNP
3237	289	17	.	.	.
3237	290	1	B.V.	B.V.	NNP
3237	290	2	,	,	,
3237	290	3	1998	1998	CD
3237	290	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	290	5	.	.	.
3237	291	1	60	60	CD
3237	291	2	.	.	.
3237	292	1	James	James	NNP
3237	292	2	Hollan	Hollan	NNP
3237	292	3	,	,	,
3237	292	4	Benjamin	Benjamin	NNP
3237	292	5	Bederson	Bederson	NNP
3237	292	6	,	,	,
3237	292	7	and	and	CC
3237	292	8	Jonathan	Jonathan	NNP
3237	292	9	Helfman	Helfman	NNP
3237	292	10	,	,	,
3237	292	11	“	"	``
3237	292	12	Information	Information	NNP
3237	292	13	Visualization	Visualization	NNP
3237	292	14	”	"	''
3237	292	15	in	in	IN
3237	292	16	Handbook	Handbook	NNP
3237	292	17	of	of	IN
3237	292	18	Human	Human	NNP
3237	292	19	Computer	Computer	NNP
3237	292	20	Interaction	Interaction	NNP
3237	292	21	,	,	,
3237	292	22	2nd	2nd	NNP
3237	292	23	rev	rev	NNP
3237	292	24	.	.	.
3237	293	1	ed	ed	NNP
3237	293	2	.	.	NNP
3237	293	3	,	,	,
3237	293	4	ed	ed	NNP
3237	293	5	.	.	.
3237	294	1	Martin	Martin	NNP
3237	294	2	Helander	Helander	NNP
3237	294	3	,	,	,
3237	294	4	Thomas	Thomas	NNP
3237	294	5	Landauer	Landauer	NNP
3237	294	6	,	,	,
3237	294	7	and	and	CC
3237	294	8	P.	P.	NNP
3237	294	9	Prabhu	Prabhu	NNP
3237	294	10	(	(	-LRB-
3237	294	11	Amsterdam	Amsterdam	NNP
3237	294	12	:	:	:
3237	294	13	Elsevier	Elsevier	NNP
3237	294	14	Science	Science	NNP
3237	294	15	Pub	Pub	NNP
3237	294	16	.	.	.
3237	295	1	B.V.	B.V.	NNP
3237	295	2	,	,	,
3237	295	3	1998	1998	CD
3237	295	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	295	5	,	,	,
3237	295	6	441–62	441–62	CD
3237	295	7	.	.	.
3237	296	1	61	61	CD
3237	296	2	.	.	.
3237	297	1	Dennis	Dennis	NNP
3237	297	2	C.	C.	NNP
3237	297	3	Neale	Neale	NNP
3237	297	4	and	and	CC
3237	297	5	John	John	NNP
3237	297	6	M.	M.	NNP
3237	297	7	Carroll	Carroll	NNP
3237	297	8	,	,	,
3237	297	9	“	"	``
3237	297	10	The	the	DT
3237	297	11	Role	role	NN
3237	297	12	of	of	IN
3237	297	13	Meta-	meta-	NN
3237	297	14	phors	phor	NNS
3237	297	15	in	in	IN
3237	297	16	User	User	NNP
3237	297	17	Interface	Interface	NNP
3237	297	18	Design	Design	NNP
3237	297	19	”	"	''
3237	297	20	in	in	IN
3237	297	21	Handbook	Handbook	NNP
3237	297	22	of	of	IN
3237	297	23	Human	Human	NNP
3237	297	24	Computer	Computer	NNP
3237	297	25	Interaction	Interaction	NNP
3237	297	26	,	,	,
3237	297	27	2nd	2nd	NNP
3237	297	28	rev	rev	NNP
3237	297	29	.	.	.
3237	298	1	ed	ed	NNP
3237	298	2	.	.	NNP
3237	298	3	,	,	,
3237	298	4	ed	ed	NNP
3237	298	5	.	.	.
3237	299	1	Martin	Martin	NNP
3237	299	2	Helander	Helander	NNP
3237	299	3	,	,	,
3237	299	4	Thomas	Thomas	NNP
3237	299	5	Landauer	Landauer	NNP
3237	299	6	and	and	CC
3237	299	7	P.	P.	NNP
3237	299	8	Prabhu	Prabhu	NNP
3237	299	9	(	(	-LRB-
3237	299	10	Amsterdam	Amsterdam	NNP
3237	299	11	:	:	:
3237	299	12	Elsevier	Elsevier	NNP
3237	299	13	Science	Science	NNP
3237	299	14	Pub	Pub	NNP
3237	299	15	.	.	.
3237	300	1	B.V.	B.V.	NNP
3237	300	2	,	,	,
3237	300	3	1998	1998	CD
3237	300	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	300	5	:	:	:
3237	300	6	447	447	CD
3237	300	7	.	.	.
3237	301	1	62	62	CD
3237	301	2	.	.	.
3237	302	1	A.	A.	NNP
3237	302	2	F.	F.	NNP
3237	302	3	Blackwell	Blackwell	NNP
3237	302	4	and	and	CC
3237	302	5	T.	T.	NNP
3237	302	6	R.	R.	NNP
3237	302	7	G.	G.	NNP
3237	302	8	Green	Green	NNP
3237	302	9	,	,	,
3237	302	10	“	"	``
3237	302	11	Does	do	VBZ
3237	302	12	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	302	13	Increase	increase	VB
3237	302	14	Visual	visual	JJ
3237	302	15	Language	language	NN
3237	302	16	Usability	usability	NN
3237	302	17	?	?	.
3237	302	18	”	"	''
3237	302	19	in	in	IN
3237	302	20	Proceedings	Proceedings	NNP
3237	302	21	1999	1999	CD
3237	302	22	IEEE	IEEE	NNP
3237	302	23	Symposium	Symposium	NNP
3237	302	24	on	on	IN
3237	302	25	Visual	Visual	NNP
3237	302	26	Languages	language	NNS
3237	302	27	(	(	-LRB-
3237	302	28	1999	1999	CD
3237	302	29	)	)	-RRB-
3237	302	30	:	:	:
3237	302	31	246–53	246–53	CD
3237	302	32	.	.	.
3237	303	1	;	;	:
3237	303	2	Lee	Lee	NNP
3237	303	3	Ratzan	Ratzan	NNP
3237	303	4	,	,	,
3237	303	5	“	"	``
3237	303	6	Making	make	VBG
3237	303	7	Sense	Sense	NNP
3237	303	8	of	of	IN
3237	303	9	the	the	DT
3237	303	10	Web	web	NN
3237	303	11	:	:	:
3237	303	12	A	a	DT
3237	303	13	Metaphorical	Metaphorical	NNP
3237	303	14	Approach	Approach	NNP
3237	303	15	,	,	,
3237	303	16	”	"	''
3237	303	17	Informa-	Informa-	NNP
3237	303	18	tion	tion	NN
3237	303	19	Research	Research	NNP
3237	303	20	6	6	CD
3237	303	21	,	,	,
3237	303	22	no	no	UH
3237	303	23	.	.	.
3237	304	1	1	1	CD
3237	304	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	304	3	2000	2000	CD
3237	304	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	304	5	,	,	,
3237	304	6	http://informationr.net/ir/6-1/	http://informationr.net/ir/6-1/	NNP
3237	304	7	paper85.html	paper85.html	NNP
3237	304	8	(	(	-LRB-
3237	304	9	accessed	access	VBD
3237	304	10	June	June	NNP
3237	304	11	25	25	CD
3237	304	12	,	,	,
3237	304	13	2008	2008	CD
3237	304	14	)	)	-RRB-
3237	304	15	;	;	:
3237	304	16	Christopher	Christopher	NNP
3237	304	17	R.	R.	NNP
3237	304	18	Wolfe	Wolfe	NNP
3237	304	19	,	,	,
3237	304	20	“	"	``
3237	304	21	Plant	Plant	NNP
3237	304	22	a	a	NNP
3237	304	23	Tree	Tree	NNP
3237	304	24	in	in	IN
3237	304	25	Cyberspace	Cyberspace	NNP
3237	304	26	:	:	:
3237	304	27	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	304	28	and	and	CC
3237	304	29	Analogy	Analogy	NNP
3237	304	30	as	as	IN
3237	304	31	Design	Design	NNP
3237	304	32	Elements	Elements	NNPS
3237	304	33	in	in	IN
3237	304	34	Web	web	NN
3237	304	35	-	-	HYPH
3237	304	36	Based	base	VBN
3237	304	37	Learning	Learning	NNP
3237	304	38	Environments	Environments	NNPS
3237	304	39	,	,	,
3237	304	40	”	"	''
3237	304	41	CyberPsychol-	cyberpsychol-	NN
3237	304	42	ogy	ogy	NN
3237	304	43	&	&	CC
3237	304	44	Behavior	Behavior	NNP
3237	304	45	4	4	CD
3237	304	46	,	,	,
3237	304	47	no	no	UH
3237	304	48	.	.	.
3237	305	1	1	1	CD
3237	305	2	(	(	-LRB-
3237	305	3	2001	2001	CD
3237	305	4	)	)	-RRB-
3237	305	5	:	:	:
3237	305	6	67–76	67–76	LS
3237	305	7	;	;	:
3237	305	8	Muna	Muna	NNP
3237	305	9	K.	K.	NNP
3237	305	10	Yousef	Yousef	NNP
3237	305	11	,	,	,
3237	305	12	“	"	``
3237	305	13	Legal	legal	JJ
3237	305	14	,	,	,
3237	305	15	Social	Social	NNP
3237	305	16	,	,	,
3237	305	17	Theoretical	theoretical	JJ
3237	305	18	and	and	CC
3237	305	19	Fundamental	fundamental	JJ
3237	305	20	Aspects	Aspects	NNPS
3237	305	21	:	:	:
3237	305	22	Assessment	Assessment	NNP
3237	305	23	of	of	IN
3237	305	24	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	305	25	Efficacy	Efficacy	NNP
3237	305	26	in	in	IN
3237	305	27	User	User	NNP
3237	305	28	Interfaces	Interfaces	NNP
3237	305	29	for	for	IN
3237	305	30	the	the	DT
3237	305	31	Elderly	elderly	JJ
3237	305	32	:	:	:
3237	305	33	A	a	DT
3237	305	34	Tentative	Tentative	NNP
3237	305	35	Model	Model	NNP
3237	305	36	for	for	IN
3237	305	37	Enhancing	enhance	VBG
3237	305	38	Accessibility	accessibility	NN
3237	305	39	,	,	,
3237	305	40	”	"	''
3237	305	41	Proceedings	proceeding	NNS
3237	305	42	of	of	IN
3237	305	43	the	the	DT
3237	305	44	2001	2001	CD
3237	305	45	EC/	ec/	CD
3237	305	46	NSF	NSF	NNP
3237	305	47	Workshop	Workshop	NNP
3237	305	48	on	on	IN
3237	305	49	Universal	Universal	NNP
3237	305	50	Accessibility	Accessibility	NNP
3237	305	51	of	of	IN
3237	305	52	Ubiquitous	ubiquitous	JJ
3237	305	53	Computing	computing	NN
3237	305	54	:	:	:
3237	305	55	Providing	provide	VBG
3237	305	56	For	for	IN
3237	305	57	the	the	DT
3237	305	58	Elderly	elderly	JJ
3237	305	59	(	(	-LRB-
3237	305	60	New	New	NNP
3237	305	61	York	York	NNP
3237	305	62	:	:	:
3237	305	63	ACM	ACM	NNP
3237	305	64	,	,	,
3237	305	65	2001	2001	CD
3237	305	66	)	)	-RRB-
3237	305	67	:	:	:
3237	305	68	120–24	120–24	CD
3237	305	69	.	.	.
3237	306	1	63	63	CD
3237	306	2	.	.	.
3237	307	1	Pippin	Pippin	NNP
3237	307	2	Barr	Barr	NNP
3237	307	3	,	,	,
3237	307	4	Robert	Robert	NNP
3237	307	5	Biddle	Biddle	NNP
3237	307	6	,	,	,
3237	307	7	and	and	CC
3237	307	8	James	James	NNP
3237	307	9	Noble	Noble	NNP
3237	307	10	,	,	,
3237	307	11	“	"	``
3237	307	12	A	a	DT
3237	307	13	Tax-	Tax-	NNP
3237	307	14	onomy	onomy	NN
3237	307	15	of	of	IN
3237	307	16	User	User	NNP
3237	307	17	Interface	Interface	NNP
3237	307	18	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	307	19	”	"	''
3237	307	20	Proceedings	Proceedings	NNPS
3237	307	21	of	of	IN
3237	307	22	SIGCHI	SIGCHI	NNP
3237	307	23	-	-	HYPH
3237	307	24	NZ	NZ	NNP
3237	307	25	Symposium	Symposium	NNP
3237	307	26	On	on	IN
3237	307	27	Computer	Computer	NNP
3237	307	28	-	-	HYPH
3237	307	29	Human	Human	NNP
3237	307	30	Interaction	Interaction	NNP
3237	307	31	(	(	-LRB-
3237	307	32	CHINZ	CHINZ	NNP
3237	307	33	2002	2002	CD
3237	307	34	)	)	-RRB-
3237	307	35	(	(	-LRB-
3237	307	36	Ham-	Ham-	NNP
3237	307	37	ilton	ilton	NN
3237	307	38	,	,	,
3237	307	39	New	New	NNP
3237	307	40	Zealand	Zealand	NNP
3237	307	41	:	:	:
3237	307	42	Australian	Australian	NNP
3237	307	43	Computer	Computer	NNP
3237	307	44	Society	Society	NNP
3237	307	45	,	,	,
3237	307	46	2002	2002	CD
3237	307	47	)	)	-RRB-
3237	307	48	:	:	:
3237	307	49	6	6	CD
3237	307	50	.	.	.
3237	308	1	64	64	CD
3237	308	2	.	.	.
3237	309	1	Alan	Alan	NNP
3237	309	2	F.	F.	NNP
3237	309	3	Blackwell	Blackwell	NNP
3237	309	4	,	,	,
3237	309	5	“	"	``
3237	309	6	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	309	7	in	in	IN
3237	309	8	Diagrams	Diagrams	NNP
3237	309	9	”	"	''
3237	309	10	(	(	-LRB-
3237	309	11	PhD	PhD	NNP
3237	309	12	diss	diss	NNP
3237	309	13	.	.	NNP
3237	309	14	,	,	,
3237	309	15	Darwin	Darwin	NNP
3237	309	16	College	College	NNP
3237	309	17	,	,	,
3237	309	18	Univ	Univ	NNP
3237	309	19	.	.	.
3237	310	1	of	of	IN
3237	310	2	Cambridge	Cambridge	NNP
3237	310	3	,	,	,
3237	310	4	1998	1998	CD
3237	310	5	)	)	-RRB-
3237	310	6	,	,	,
3237	310	7	www.cl.cam	www.cl.cam	NNP
3237	310	8	.ac.uk/~afb21	.ac.uk/~afb21	.
3237	310	9	/	/	SYM
3237	310	10	publications	publication	NNS
3237	310	11	/	/	SYM
3237	310	12	thesis	thesis	NN
3237	310	13	/	/	SYM
3237	310	14	blackwell	blackwell	NNP
3237	310	15	-	-	HYPH
3237	310	16	thesis.pdf	thesis.pdf	NNP
3237	310	17	(	(	-LRB-
3237	310	18	accessed	access	VBN
3237	310	19	June	June	NNP
3237	310	20	25	25	CD
3237	310	21	,	,	,
3237	310	22	2008	2008	CD
3237	310	23	)	)	-RRB-
3237	310	24	:	:	:
3237	310	25	1	1	LS
3237	310	26	.	.	.
3237	311	1	65	65	CD
3237	311	2	.	.	.
3237	312	1	David	David	NNP
3237	312	2	G.	G.	NNP
3237	312	3	Hendry	Hendry	NNP
3237	312	4	,	,	,
3237	312	5	“	"	``
3237	312	6	Sketching	sketch	VBG
3237	312	7	with	with	IN
3237	312	8	Conceptual	conceptual	JJ
3237	312	9	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	312	10	to	to	TO
3237	312	11	Explain	explain	VB
3237	312	12	Computational	computational	JJ
3237	312	13	Processes	Processes	NNPS
3237	312	14	”	"	''
3237	312	15	Visutal	Visutal	NNP
3237	312	16	Languages	Languages	NNPS
3237	312	17	and	and	CC
3237	312	18	Human	Human	NNP
3237	312	19	-	-	HYPH
3237	312	20	Centric	Centric	NNP
3237	312	21	Computing	Computing	NNP
3237	312	22	(	(	-LRB-
3237	312	23	VL	VL	NNP
3237	312	24	-	-	HYPH
3237	312	25	HCC	HCC	NNP
3237	312	26	‘	'	``
3237	312	27	06	06	CD
3237	312	28	)	)	-RRB-
3237	312	29	,	,	,
3237	312	30	(	(	-LRB-
3237	312	31	Piscataway	Piscataway	NNP
3237	312	32	,	,	,
3237	312	33	N.J.	New Jersey	NNP
3237	312	34	:	:	:
3237	312	35	IEEE	IEEE	NNP
3237	312	36	,	,	,
3237	312	37	2006	2006	CD
3237	312	38	)	)	-RRB-
3237	312	39	:	:	:
3237	312	40	7	7	LS
3237	312	41	.	.	.
3237	313	1	66	66	CD
3237	313	2	.	.	.
3237	314	1	Neale	Neale	NNP
3237	314	2	and	and	CC
3237	314	3	Carroll	Carroll	NNP
3237	314	4	,	,	,
3237	314	5	“	"	``
3237	314	6	The	the	DT
3237	314	7	Role	Role	NNP
3237	314	8	of	of	IN
3237	314	9	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	314	10	in	in	IN
3237	314	11	User	User	NNP
3237	314	12	Inter-	Inter-	NNP
3237	314	13	face	face	NN
3237	314	14	Design	Design	NNP
3237	314	15	.	.	.
3237	314	16	”	"	''
3237	314	17	67	67	CD
3237	314	18	.	.	.
3237	315	1	Amy	Amy	NNP
3237	315	2	Powell	Powell	NNP
3237	315	3	,	,	,
3237	315	4	“	"	``
3237	315	5	Composite	Composite	NNP
3237	315	6	Metaphor	Metaphor	NNP
3237	315	7	,	,	,
3237	315	8	Games	Games	NNPS
3237	315	9	and	and	CC
3237	315	10	Inter-	Inter-	NNP
3237	315	11	face	face	NN
3237	315	12	”	"	''
3237	315	13	Proceedings	proceeding	NNS
3237	315	14	of	of	IN
3237	315	15	the	the	DT
3237	315	16	Second	Second	NNP
3237	315	17	Australasian	Australasian	NNP
3237	315	18	Conference	Conference	NNP
3237	315	19	on	on	IN
3237	315	20	inter-	inter-	XX
3237	315	21	active	active	JJ
3237	315	22	Entertainment	entertainment	NN
3237	315	23	:	:	:
3237	315	24	vol	vol	NNP
3237	315	25	.	.	.
3237	316	1	123	123	CD
3237	316	2	,	,	,
3237	316	3	ACM	ACM	NNP
3237	316	4	International	International	NNP
3237	316	5	Conference	Conference	NNP
3237	316	6	Proceeding	Proceeding	NNP
3237	316	7	Series	Series	NNP
3237	316	8	(	(	-LRB-
3237	316	9	Sydney	Sydney	NNP
3237	316	10	,	,	,
3237	316	11	Australia	Australia	NNP
3237	316	12	:	:	:
3237	316	13	Creativity	Creativity	NNP
3237	316	14	&	&	CC
3237	316	15	Cognition	Cognition	NNP
3237	316	16	Studios	Studios	NNP
3237	316	17	Pr	Pr	NNP
3237	316	18	.	.	NNP
3237	316	19	,	,	,
3237	316	20	2005	2005	CD
3237	316	21	)	)	-RRB-
3237	316	22	:	:	:
3237	316	23	159–62	159–62	CD
3237	316	24	.	.	.
3237	317	1	68	68	CD
3237	317	2	.	.	.
3237	318	1	Yu	Yu	NNP
3237	318	2	-	-	HYPH
3237	318	3	chen	chen	NNP
3237	318	4	Hsu	Hsu	NNP
3237	318	5	,	,	,
3237	318	6	“	"	``
3237	318	7	The	the	DT
3237	318	8	Long	Long	NNP
3237	318	9	-	-	HYPH
3237	318	10	Term	Term	NNP
3237	318	11	Effects	Effects	NNPS
3237	318	12	of	of	IN
3237	318	13	Integral	Integral	NNP
3237	318	14	Versus	Versus	NNP
3237	318	15	Composite	Composite	NNP
3237	318	16	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	318	17	on	on	IN
3237	318	18	Experts	expert	NNS
3237	318	19	’	'	''
3237	318	20	and	and	CC
3237	318	21	Novices	Novices	NNPS
3237	318	22	’	’	POS
3237	318	23	Search	Search	NNP
3237	318	24	Behav-	Behav-	NNP
3237	318	25	iors	ior	NNS
3237	318	26	,	,	,
3237	318	27	”	"	''
3237	318	28	Interacting	interact	VBG
3237	318	29	with	with	IN
3237	318	30	Computers	computer	NNS
3237	318	31	17	17	CD
3237	318	32	(	(	-LRB-
3237	318	33	2005	2005	CD
3237	318	34	)	)	-RRB-
3237	318	35	:	:	:
3237	318	36	391	391	CD
3237	318	37	.	.	.
3237	319	1	69	69	CD
3237	319	2	.	.	.
3237	320	1	Gerald	Gerald	NNP
3237	320	2	Khoury	Khoury	NNP
3237	320	3	and	and	CC
3237	320	4	Simeon	Simeon	NNP
3237	320	5	Simoff	Simoff	NNP
3237	320	6	,	,	,
3237	320	7	“	"	``
3237	320	8	Elastic	elastic	JJ
3237	320	9	Metaphors	Metaphors	NNPS
3237	320	10	:	:	:
3237	320	11	Expanding	expand	VBG
3237	320	12	the	the	DT
3237	320	13	Philosophy	Philosophy	NNP
3237	320	14	of	of	IN
3237	320	15	Interface	Interface	NNP
3237	320	16	Design	Design	NNP
3237	320	17	”	"	''
3237	320	18	in	in	IN
3237	320	19	Selected	Selected	NNP
3237	320	20	Papers	Papers	NNP
3237	320	21	from	from	IN
3237	320	22	Conference	Conference	NNP
3237	320	23	on	on	IN
3237	320	24	Computers	Computers	NNPS
3237	320	25	and	and	CC
3237	320	26	Philosophy	Philosophy	NNP
3237	320	27	,	,	,
3237	320	28	ed	ed	NN
3237	320	29	.	.	.
3237	321	1	John	John	NNP
3237	321	2	Weckert	Weckert	NNP
3237	321	3	and	and	CC
3237	321	4	Yeslam	Yeslam	NNP
3237	321	5	Al	Al	NNP
3237	321	6	-	-	HYPH
3237	321	7	Saggaf	Saggaf	NNP
3237	321	8	,	,	,
3237	321	9	vol	vol	NNP
3237	321	10	.	.	.
3237	322	1	37	37	CD
3237	322	2	of	of	IN
3237	322	3	ACM	ACM	NNP
3237	322	4	International	International	NNP
3237	322	5	Conference	Conference	NNP
3237	322	6	Proceeding	Proceeding	NNP
3237	322	7	Series	Series	NNP
3237	322	8	Volume	volume	NN
3237	322	9	101	101	CD
3237	322	10	(	(	-LRB-
3237	322	11	Darlinghurst	Darlinghurst	NNP
3237	322	12	,	,	,
3237	322	13	Australia	Australia	NNP
3237	322	14	:	:	:
3237	322	15	Austra-	Austra-	NNP
3237	322	16	lian	lian	NNP
3237	322	17	Computer	Computer	NNP
3237	322	18	Society	Society	NNP
3237	322	19	,	,	,
3237	322	20	2003	2003	CD
3237	322	21	)	)	-RRB-
3237	322	22	:	:	:
3237	322	23	70	70	CD
3237	322	24	.	.	.