id sid tid token lemma pos 3136 1 1 104 104 CD 3136 1 2 iNForMAtioN information ADD 3136 1 3 tecHNoloGY tecHNoloGY NNP 3136 1 4 AND and CC 3136 1 5 liBrAries library NNS 3136 1 6 | | JJ 3136 1 7 septeMBer september VBP 3136 1 8 2010 2010 CD 3136 1 9 development development NN 3136 1 10 of of IN 3136 1 11 such such PDT 3136 1 12 a a DT 3136 1 13 mediation mediation NN 3136 1 14 mechanism mechanism NN 3136 1 15 calls call VBZ 3136 1 16 for for IN 3136 1 17 an an DT 3136 1 18 empirical empirical JJ 3136 1 19 assessment assessment NN 3136 1 20 of of IN 3136 1 21 various various JJ 3136 1 22 issues issue NNS 3136 1 23 surrounding surround VBG 3136 1 24 metadata metadata NN 3136 1 25 - - HYPH 3136 1 26 creation creation NN 3136 1 27 practices practice NNS 3136 1 28 . . . 3136 2 1 The the DT 3136 2 2 critical critical JJ 3136 2 3 issues issue NNS 3136 2 4 concerning concern VBG 3136 2 5 metadata metadata NN 3136 2 6 practices practice NNS 3136 2 7 across across IN 3136 2 8 distributed distribute VBN 3136 2 9 digital digital JJ 3136 2 10 collections collection NNS 3136 2 11 have have VBP 3136 2 12 been be VBN 3136 2 13 rela- rela- VBN 3136 2 14 tively tively RB 3136 2 15 unexplored unexplored JJ 3136 2 16 . . . 3136 3 1 While while IN 3136 3 2 examining examine VBG 3136 3 3 learning learning NN 3136 3 4 objects object NNS 3136 3 5 and and CC 3136 3 6 e e NNS 3136 3 7 - - HYPH 3136 3 8 prints print NNS 3136 3 9 communities community NNS 3136 3 10 of of IN 3136 3 11 practice practice NN 3136 3 12 , , , 3136 3 13 Barton Barton NNP 3136 3 14 , , , 3136 3 15 Currier Currier NNP 3136 3 16 , , , 3136 3 17 and and CC 3136 3 18 Hey hey UH 3136 3 19 point point VB 3136 3 20 out out RP 3136 3 21 the the DT 3136 3 22 lack lack NN 3136 3 23 of of IN 3136 3 24 formal formal JJ 3136 3 25 investigation investigation NN 3136 3 26 of of IN 3136 3 27 the the DT 3136 3 28 metadata- metadata- JJ 3136 3 29 creation creation NN 3136 3 30 process.2 process.2 NNP 3136 3 31 As as IN 3136 3 32 will will MD 3136 3 33 be be VB 3136 3 34 discussed discuss VBN 3136 3 35 in in IN 3136 3 36 the the DT 3136 3 37 following following JJ 3136 3 38 section section NN 3136 3 39 , , , 3136 3 40 some some DT 3136 3 41 researchers researcher NNS 3136 3 42 have have VBP 3136 3 43 begun begin VBN 3136 3 44 to to TO 3136 3 45 assess assess VB 3136 3 46 the the DT 3136 3 47 current current JJ 3136 3 48 state state NN 3136 3 49 of of IN 3136 3 50 descriptive descriptive JJ 3136 3 51 practices practice NNS 3136 3 52 , , , 3136 3 53 metadata metadata NNP 3136 3 54 schemata schemata NNP 3136 3 55 , , , 3136 3 56 and and CC 3136 3 57 content content NN 3136 3 58 standards standard NNS 3136 3 59 . . . 3136 4 1 However however RB 3136 4 2 , , , 3136 4 3 the the DT 3136 4 4 literature literature NN 3136 4 5 has have VBZ 3136 4 6 not not RB 3136 4 7 yet yet RB 3136 4 8 developed develop VBN 3136 4 9 to to IN 3136 4 10 a a DT 3136 4 11 point point NN 3136 4 12 where where WRB 3136 4 13 it -PRON- PRP 3136 4 14 affords afford VBZ 3136 4 15 a a DT 3136 4 16 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 3136 4 17 picture picture NN 3136 4 18 . . . 3136 5 1 Given give VBN 3136 5 2 the the DT 3136 5 3 propagation propagation NN 3136 5 4 of of IN 3136 5 5 metadata metadata NN 3136 5 6 projects project NNS 3136 5 7 , , , 3136 5 8 it -PRON- PRP 3136 5 9 is be VBZ 3136 5 10 important important JJ 3136 5 11 to to TO 3136 5 12 continue continue VB 3136 5 13 to to TO 3136 5 14 track track VB 3136 5 15 changes change NNS 3136 5 16 in in IN 3136 5 17 metadata metadata NN 3136 5 18 - - HYPH 3136 5 19 cre- cre- NN 3136 5 20 ation ation NN 3136 5 21 practices practice NNS 3136 5 22 while while IN 3136 5 23 they -PRON- PRP 3136 5 24 are be VBP 3136 5 25 still still RB 3136 5 26 in in IN 3136 5 27 constant constant JJ 3136 5 28 flux flux NN 3136 5 29 . . . 3136 6 1 Such such JJ 3136 6 2 efforts effort NNS 3136 6 3 are be VBP 3136 6 4 essential essential JJ 3136 6 5 for for IN 3136 6 6 adding add VBG 3136 6 7 new new JJ 3136 6 8 perspectives perspective NNS 3136 6 9 to to IN 3136 6 10 digital digital JJ 3136 6 11 library library JJ 3136 6 12 research research NN 3136 6 13 and and CC 3136 6 14 practices practice NNS 3136 6 15 in in IN 3136 6 16 an an DT 3136 6 17 environment environment NN 3136 6 18 where where WRB 3136 6 19 metadata metadata VB 3136 6 20 best good JJS 3136 6 21 practices practice NNS 3136 6 22 are be VBP 3136 6 23 being be VBG 3136 6 24 actively actively RB 3136 6 25 sought seek VBN 3136 6 26 after after IN 3136 6 27 to to TO 3136 6 28 aid aid VB 3136 6 29 in in IN 3136 6 30 the the DT 3136 6 31 creation creation NN 3136 6 32 and and CC 3136 6 33 management management NN 3136 6 34 of of IN 3136 6 35 high high JJ 3136 6 36 - - HYPH 3136 6 37 quality quality NN 3136 6 38 digital digital JJ 3136 6 39 collections collection NNS 3136 6 40 . . . 3136 7 1 This this DT 3136 7 2 study study NN 3136 7 3 examines examine VBZ 3136 7 4 the the DT 3136 7 5 prevailing prevail VBG 3136 7 6 current current JJ 3136 7 7 state state NN 3136 7 8 of of IN 3136 7 9 metadata metadata NN 3136 7 10 - - HYPH 3136 7 11 creation creation NN 3136 7 12 practices practice NNS 3136 7 13 in in IN 3136 7 14 digital digital JJ 3136 7 15 repositories repository NNS 3136 7 16 , , , 3136 7 17 col- col- JJ 3136 7 18 lections lection NNS 3136 7 19 , , , 3136 7 20 and and CC 3136 7 21 libraries library NNS 3136 7 22 , , , 3136 7 23 which which WDT 3136 7 24 may may MD 3136 7 25 include include VB 3136 7 26 both both DT 3136 7 27 digitized digitized JJ 3136 7 28 and and CC 3136 7 29 born bear VBN 3136 7 30 - - HYPH 3136 7 31 digital digital JJ 3136 7 32 resources resource NNS 3136 7 33 . . . 3136 8 1 Using use VBG 3136 8 2 nationwide nationwide JJ 3136 8 3 survey survey NN 3136 8 4 data datum NNS 3136 8 5 , , , 3136 8 6 mostly mostly RB 3136 8 7 drawn draw VBN 3136 8 8 from from IN 3136 8 9 the the DT 3136 8 10 community community NN 3136 8 11 of of IN 3136 8 12 catalog- catalog- NNP 3136 8 13 ing ing NN 3136 8 14 and and CC 3136 8 15 metadata metadata NN 3136 8 16 professionals professional NNS 3136 8 17 , , , 3136 8 18 we -PRON- PRP 3136 8 19 seek seek VBP 3136 8 20 to to TO 3136 8 21 investigate investigate VB 3136 8 22 issues issue NNS 3136 8 23 in in IN 3136 8 24 creating create VBG 3136 8 25 descriptive descriptive JJ 3136 8 26 metadata metadata NN 3136 8 27 elements element NNS 3136 8 28 , , , 3136 8 29 using use VBG 3136 8 30 controlled control VBN 3136 8 31 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 3136 8 32 for for IN 3136 8 33 subject subject JJ 3136 8 34 access access NN 3136 8 35 , , , 3136 8 36 and and CC 3136 8 37 propa- propa- NNP 3136 8 38 gating gate VBG 3136 8 39 metadata metadata NN 3136 8 40 and and CC 3136 8 41 metadata metadata NN 3136 8 42 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 8 43 beyond beyond IN 3136 8 44 local local JJ 3136 8 45 environments environment NNS 3136 8 46 . . . 3136 9 1 We -PRON- PRP 3136 9 2 will will MD 3136 9 3 address address VB 3136 9 4 the the DT 3136 9 5 following follow VBG 3136 9 6 research research NN 3136 9 7 questions question NNS 3136 9 8 : : : 3136 9 9 1 1 LS 3136 9 10 . . . 3136 10 1 Which which WDT 3136 10 2 metadata metadata VBP 3136 10 3 schema(ta schema(ta ADD 3136 10 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 10 5 and and CC 3136 10 6 content content NN 3136 10 7 standard(s standard(s NNP 3136 10 8 ) ) -RRB- 3136 10 9 are be VBP 3136 10 10 employed employ VBN 3136 10 11 in in IN 3136 10 12 individual individual JJ 3136 10 13 digital digital JJ 3136 10 14 repositories repository NNS 3136 10 15 and and CC 3136 10 16 collections collection NNS 3136 10 17 ? ? . 3136 11 1 2 2 LS 3136 11 2 . . . 3136 12 1 Which which WDT 3136 12 2 controlled control VBD 3136 12 3 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 12 4 schema(ta schema(ta ADD 3136 12 5 ) ) -RRB- 3136 12 6 are be VBP 3136 12 7 used use VBN 3136 12 8 to to TO 3136 12 9 facilitate facilitate VB 3136 12 10 subject subject JJ 3136 12 11 access access NN 3136 12 12 ? ? . 3136 13 1 3 3 LS 3136 13 2 . . . 3136 14 1 What what WDT 3136 14 2 criteria criterion NNS 3136 14 3 are be VBP 3136 14 4 applied apply VBN 3136 14 5 in in IN 3136 14 6 selecting select VBG 3136 14 7 metadata metadata NN 3136 14 8 and and CC 3136 14 9 controlled control VBN 3136 14 10 - - HYPH 3136 14 11 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 14 12 schema(ta schema(ta NN 3136 14 13 ) ) -RRB- 3136 14 14 ? ? . 3136 15 1 4 4 LS 3136 15 2 . . . 3136 16 1 To to IN 3136 16 2 what what WDT 3136 16 3 extent extent NN 3136 16 4 are be VBP 3136 16 5 mechanisms mechanism NNS 3136 16 6 for for IN 3136 16 7 exposing exposing NN 3136 16 8 and and CC 3136 16 9 sharing share VBG 3136 16 10 metadata metadata NN 3136 16 11 integrated integrate VBN 3136 16 12 into into IN 3136 16 13 current current JJ 3136 16 14 metadata- metadata- NN 3136 16 15 creation creation NN 3136 16 16 practices practice NNS 3136 16 17 ? ? . 3136 17 1 In in IN 3136 17 2 this this DT 3136 17 3 article article NN 3136 17 4 , , , 3136 17 5 we -PRON- PRP 3136 17 6 first first RB 3136 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IN 3136 18 24 the the DT 3136 18 25 collected collect VBN 3136 18 26 data datum NNS 3136 18 27 , , , 3136 18 28 fol- fol- NN 3136 18 29 lowed low VBN 3136 18 30 by by IN 3136 18 31 the the DT 3136 18 32 study study NN 3136 18 33 results result NNS 3136 18 34 . . . 3136 19 1 We -PRON- PRP 3136 19 2 report report VBP 3136 19 3 on on IN 3136 19 4 how how WRB 3136 19 5 metadata metadata NN 3136 19 6 and and CC 3136 19 7 controlled control VBN 3136 19 8 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 19 9 schema(ta schema(ta ADD 3136 19 10 ) ) -RRB- 3136 19 11 are be VBP 3136 19 12 being be VBG 3136 19 13 used use VBN 3136 19 14 across across IN 3136 19 15 institutions institution NNS 3136 19 16 , , , 3136 19 17 and and CC 3136 19 18 we -PRON- PRP 3136 19 19 present present VBP 3136 19 20 a a DT 3136 19 21 data data NN 3136 19 22 analysis analysis NN 3136 19 23 of of IN 3136 19 24 current current JJ 3136 19 25 metadata metadata NN 3136 19 26 - - HYPH 3136 19 27 creation creation NN 3136 19 28 practices practice NNS 3136 19 29 . . . 3136 20 1 The the DT 3136 20 2 final final JJ 3136 20 3 section section NN 3136 20 4 summarizes summarize VBZ 3136 20 5 the the DT 3136 20 6 study study NN 3136 20 7 and and CC 3136 20 8 presents present VBZ 3136 20 9 some some DT 3136 20 10 suggestions suggestion NNS 3136 20 11 for for IN 3136 20 12 future future JJ 3136 20 13 studies study NNS 3136 20 14 . . . 3136 21 1 This this DT 3136 21 2 study study NN 3136 21 3 explores explore VBZ 3136 21 4 the the DT 3136 21 5 current current JJ 3136 21 6 state state NN 3136 21 7 of of IN 3136 21 8 metadata metadata NN 3136 21 9 - - HYPH 3136 21 10 creation creation NN 3136 21 11 practices practice NNS 3136 21 12 across across IN 3136 21 13 digital digital JJ 3136 21 14 repositories repository NNS 3136 21 15 and and CC 3136 21 16 collections collection NNS 3136 21 17 by by IN 3136 21 18 using use VBG 3136 21 19 data datum NNS 3136 21 20 collected collect VBN 3136 21 21 from from IN 3136 21 22 a a DT 3136 21 23 nationwide nationwide JJ 3136 21 24 survey survey NN 3136 21 25 of of IN 3136 21 26 mostly mostly RB 3136 21 27 cataloging catalog VBG 3136 21 28 and and CC 3136 21 29 metadata metadata NN 3136 21 30 professionals professional NNS 3136 21 31 . . . 3136 22 1 Results result NNS 3136 22 2 show show VBP 3136 22 3 that that IN 3136 22 4 MARC MARC NNP 3136 22 5 , , , 3136 22 6 AACR2 AACR2 NNP 3136 22 7 , , , 3136 22 8 and and CC 3136 22 9 LCSH LCSH NNP 3136 22 10 are be VBP 3136 22 11 the the DT 3136 22 12 most most RBS 3136 22 13 widely widely RB 3136 22 14 used use VBN 3136 22 15 metadata metadata NN 3136 22 16 schema schema NN 3136 22 17 , , , 3136 22 18 content content NN 3136 22 19 standard standard NN 3136 22 20 , , , 3136 22 21 and and CC 3136 22 22 subject- subject- JJ 3136 22 23 controlled controlled JJ 3136 22 24 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 22 25 , , , 3136 22 26 respectively respectively RB 3136 22 27 . . . 3136 23 1 Dublin Dublin NNP 3136 23 2 Core Core NNP 3136 23 3 ( ( -LRB- 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noteworthy JJ 3136 24 22 . . . 3136 25 1 The the DT 3136 25 2 leading lead VBG 3136 25 3 criteria criterion NNS 3136 25 4 in in IN 3136 25 5 selecting select VBG 3136 25 6 metadata metadata NN 3136 25 7 and and CC 3136 25 8 controlled control VBN 3136 25 9 - - HYPH 3136 25 10 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 25 11 schemata schemata NN 3136 25 12 are be VBP 3136 25 13 collec- collec- VBG 3136 25 14 tion tion NN 3136 25 15 - - HYPH 3136 25 16 specific specific JJ 3136 25 17 considerations consideration NNS 3136 25 18 , , , 3136 25 19 such such JJ 3136 25 20 as as IN 3136 25 21 the the DT 3136 25 22 types type NNS 3136 25 23 of of IN 3136 25 24 resources resource NNS 3136 25 25 , , , 3136 25 26 nature nature NN 3136 25 27 of of IN 3136 25 28 the the DT 3136 25 29 collection collection NN 3136 25 30 , , , 3136 25 31 and and CC 3136 25 32 needs need NNS 3136 25 33 of of IN 3136 25 34 primary primary JJ 3136 25 35 users user NNS 3136 25 36 and and CC 3136 25 37 communities community NNS 3136 25 38 . . . 3136 26 1 Existing exist VBG 3136 26 2 technological technological JJ 3136 26 3 infrastructure infrastructure NN 3136 26 4 and and CC 3136 26 5 staff staff NN 3136 26 6 expertise expertise NN 3136 26 7 also also RB 3136 26 8 are be VBP 3136 26 9 significant significant JJ 3136 26 10 factors factor NNS 3136 26 11 contributing contribute VBG 3136 26 12 to to IN 3136 26 13 the the DT 3136 26 14 current current JJ 3136 26 15 use use NN 3136 26 16 of of IN 3136 26 17 metadata metadata NN 3136 26 18 schemata schemata NNP 3136 26 19 and and CC 3136 26 20 controlled control VBN 3136 26 21 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 3136 26 22 for for IN 3136 26 23 subject subject JJ 3136 26 24 access access NN 3136 26 25 across across IN 3136 26 26 distributed distribute VBN 3136 26 27 digital digital JJ 3136 26 28 repositories repository NNS 3136 26 29 and and CC 3136 26 30 collections collection NNS 3136 26 31 . . . 3136 27 1 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 27 2 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 27 3 remains remain VBZ 3136 27 4 a a DT 3136 27 5 major major JJ 3136 27 6 challenge challenge NN 3136 27 7 . . . 3136 28 1 There there EX 3136 28 2 is be VBZ 3136 28 3 a a DT 3136 28 4 lack lack NN 3136 28 5 of of IN 3136 28 6 exposure exposure NN 3136 28 7 of of IN 3136 28 8 locally locally RB 3136 28 9 created create VBN 3136 28 10 metadata metadata NN 3136 28 11 and and CC 3136 28 12 metadata metadata NN 3136 28 13 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 28 14 beyond beyond IN 3136 28 15 the the DT 3136 28 16 local local JJ 3136 28 17 environments environment NNS 3136 28 18 . . . 3136 29 1 Homegrown Homegrown NNP 3136 29 2 locally locally RB 3136 29 3 added add VBD 3136 29 4 meta- meta- JJ 3136 29 5 data datum NNS 3136 29 6 elements element NNS 3136 29 7 may may MD 3136 29 8 also also RB 3136 29 9 hinder hinder VB 3136 29 10 metadata metadata NN 3136 29 11 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 29 12 across across IN 3136 29 13 digital digital JJ 3136 29 14 repositories repository NNS 3136 29 15 and and CC 3136 29 16 collections collection NNS 3136 29 17 when when WRB 3136 29 18 there there EX 3136 29 19 is be VBZ 3136 29 20 a a DT 3136 29 21 lack lack NN 3136 29 22 of of IN 3136 29 23 sharable sharable JJ 3136 29 24 mechanisms mechanism NNS 3136 29 25 for for IN 3136 29 26 locally locally RB 3136 29 27 defined define VBN 3136 29 28 extensions extension NNS 3136 29 29 and and CC 3136 29 30 variants variant NNS 3136 29 31 . . . 3136 30 1 M M NNP 3136 30 2 etadata etadata NNP 3136 30 3 is be VBZ 3136 30 4 an an DT 3136 30 5 essential essential JJ 3136 30 6 building building NN 3136 30 7 block block NN 3136 30 8 in in IN 3136 30 9 facili- facili- NNP 3136 30 10 tating tat VBG 3136 30 11 effective effective JJ 3136 30 12 resource resource NN 3136 30 13 discovery discovery NN 3136 30 14 , , , 3136 30 15 access access NN 3136 30 16 , , , 3136 30 17 and and CC 3136 30 18 sharing share VBG 3136 30 19 across across IN 3136 30 20 ever ever RB 3136 30 21 - - HYPH 3136 30 22 growing grow VBG 3136 30 23 distributed distribute VBN 3136 30 24 digital digital JJ 3136 30 25 collections collection NNS 3136 30 26 . . . 3136 31 1 Quality quality JJ 3136 31 2 metadata metadata NN 3136 31 3 is be VBZ 3136 31 4 becoming become VBG 3136 31 5 critical critical JJ 3136 31 6 in in IN 3136 31 7 a a DT 3136 31 8 networked networked JJ 3136 31 9 world world NN 3136 31 10 in in IN 3136 31 11 which which WDT 3136 31 12 metadata metadata NN 3136 31 13 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 31 14 is be VBZ 3136 31 15 among among IN 3136 31 16 the the DT 3136 31 17 top top JJ 3136 31 18 challenges challenge NNS 3136 31 19 faced face VBN 3136 31 20 by by IN 3136 31 21 digital digital JJ 3136 31 22 libraries library NNS 3136 31 23 . . . 3136 32 1 However however RB 3136 32 2 , , , 3136 32 3 there there EX 3136 32 4 is be VBZ 3136 32 5 no no DT 3136 32 6 common common JJ 3136 32 7 data data NN 3136 32 8 model model NN 3136 32 9 that that WDT 3136 32 10 catalog- catalog- VBD 3136 32 11 ing ing NN 3136 32 12 and and CC 3136 32 13 metadata metadata NN 3136 32 14 professionals professional NNS 3136 32 15 can can MD 3136 32 16 readily readily RB 3136 32 17 reference reference VB 3136 32 18 as as IN 3136 32 19 a a DT 3136 32 20 mediation mediation NN 3136 32 21 mechanism mechanism NN 3136 32 22 during during IN 3136 32 23 the the DT 3136 32 24 processes process NNS 3136 32 25 of of IN 3136 32 26 descriptive descriptive JJ 3136 32 27 metadata metadata NN 3136 32 28 creation creation NN 3136 32 29 and and CC 3136 32 30 controlled control VBN 3136 32 31 vocabu- vocabu- NNP 3136 32 32 lary lary NNP 3136 32 33 schemata schemata NNP 3136 32 34 application application NN 3136 32 35 for for IN 3136 32 36 subject subject NN 3136 32 37 description.1 description.1 NNP 3136 32 38 The the DT 3136 32 39 Jung Jung NNP 3136 32 40 - - HYPH 3136 32 41 ran ran NNP 3136 32 42 park park NNP 3136 32 43 ( ( -LRB- 3136 32 44 jung-ran.park@ischool.drexel.edu jung-ran.park@ischool.drexel.edu NN 3136 32 45 ) ) -RRB- 3136 32 46 is be VBZ 3136 32 47 assistant assistant NN 3136 32 48 Professor Professor NNP 3136 32 49 , , , 3136 32 50 College College NNP 3136 32 51 of of IN 3136 32 52 Information Information NNP 3136 32 53 Science Science NNP 3136 32 54 and and CC 3136 32 55 Technology Technology NNP 3136 32 56 , , , 3136 32 57 Drex- Drex- NNP 3136 32 58 el el NNP 3136 32 59 university university NNP 3136 32 60 , , , 3136 32 61 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 3136 32 62 , , , 3136 32 63 and and CC 3136 32 64 Yuji Yuji NNP 3136 32 65 tosaka tosaka NN 3136 32 66 ( ( -LRB- 3136 32 67 tosaka@tcnj.edu tosaka@tcnj.edu NNPS 3136 32 68 ) ) -RRB- 3136 32 69 is be VBZ 3136 32 70 Cataloging Cataloging NNP 3136 32 71 / / SYM 3136 32 72 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 32 73 librarian librarian NN 3136 32 74 , , , 3136 32 75 TCnJ tcnj JJ 3136 32 76 library library NN 3136 32 77 , , , 3136 32 78 The the DT 3136 32 79 College College NNP 3136 32 80 of of IN 3136 32 81 new new JJ 3136 32 82 Jersey Jersey NNP 3136 32 83 , , , 3136 32 84 Ewing Ewing NNP 3136 32 85 , , , 3136 32 86 new new NNP 3136 32 87 Jersey Jersey NNP 3136 32 88 . . . 3136 33 1 Jung Jung NNP 3136 33 2 - - HYPH 3136 33 3 ran run VBD 3136 33 4 Park Park NNP 3136 33 5 and and CC 3136 33 6 Yuji Yuji NNP 3136 33 7 Tosaka Tosaka NNP 3136 33 8 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 33 9 Creation Creation NNP 3136 33 10 Practices Practices NNPS 3136 33 11 in in IN 3136 33 12 Digital Digital NNP 3136 33 13 Repositories Repositories NNPS 3136 33 14 and and CC 3136 33 15 Collections Collections NNPS 3136 33 16 : : : 3136 33 17 Schemata Schemata NNP 3136 33 18 , , , 3136 33 19 Selection Selection NNP 3136 33 20 Criteria Criteria NNP 3136 33 21 , , , 3136 33 22 and and CC 3136 33 23 Interoperability Interoperability NNP 3136 33 24 MetADAtA MetADAtA NNP 3136 33 25 creAtioN creAtioN NNP 3136 33 26 prActices prActices NNP 3136 33 27 iN in IN 3136 33 28 DiGitAl digital NN 3136 33 29 repositories repository NNS 3136 33 30 AND and CC 3136 33 31 collectioNs collections CD 3136 33 32 | | NNS 3136 33 33 pArK pArK NNS 3136 33 34 AND and CC 3136 33 35 tosAKA tosaka NN 3136 33 36 105 105 CD 3136 33 37 possible possible JJ 3136 33 38 increase increase NN 3136 33 39 in in IN 3136 33 40 the the DT 3136 33 41 use use NN 3136 33 42 of of IN 3136 33 43 locally locally RB 3136 33 44 developed develop VBN 3136 33 45 schemata schemata NN 3136 33 46 as as IN 3136 33 47 many many JJ 3136 33 48 projects project NNS 3136 33 49 added add VBD 3136 33 50 new new JJ 3136 33 51 types type NNS 3136 33 52 of of IN 3136 33 53 nontextual nontextual JJ 3136 33 54 digital digital JJ 3136 33 55 objects object NNS 3136 33 56 that that WDT 3136 33 57 could could MD 3136 33 58 not not RB 3136 33 59 be be VB 3136 33 60 adequately adequately RB 3136 33 61 described describe VBN 3136 33 62 by by IN 3136 33 63 existing exist VBG 3136 33 64 metadata metadata NN 3136 33 65 schemata.6 schemata.6 `` 3136 33 66 There there EX 3136 33 67 is be VBZ 3136 33 68 a a DT 3136 33 69 lack lack NN 3136 33 70 of of IN 3136 33 71 research research NN 3136 33 72 concerning concern VBG 3136 33 73 the the DT 3136 33 74 current current JJ 3136 33 75 use use NN 3136 33 76 of of IN 3136 33 77 content content NN 3136 33 78 standards standard NNS 3136 33 79 ; ; : 3136 33 80 however however RB 3136 33 81 , , , 3136 33 82 it -PRON- PRP 3136 33 83 is be VBZ 3136 33 84 reasonable reasonable JJ 3136 33 85 to to TO 3136 33 86 suspect suspect VB 3136 33 87 that that IN 3136 33 88 content content NN 3136 33 89 - - HYPH 3136 33 90 standards standard NNS 3136 33 91 use use NN 3136 33 92 exhibits exhibit NNS 3136 33 93 patterns pattern NNS 3136 33 94 similar similar JJ 3136 33 95 to to IN 3136 33 96 that that DT 3136 33 97 of of IN 3136 33 98 metadata metadata NN 3136 33 99 because because IN 3136 33 100 of of IN 3136 33 101 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 33 102 often often RB 3136 33 103 close close JJ 3136 33 104 association association NN 3136 33 105 with with IN 3136 33 106 particular particular JJ 3136 33 107 metadata metadata NN 3136 33 108 schemata schemata NNP 3136 33 109 . . . 3136 34 1 The the DT 3136 34 2 OCLC oclc NN 3136 34 3 RLG rlg NN 3136 34 4 sur- sur- NN 3136 34 5 vey vey NN 3136 34 6 reveals reveal VBZ 3136 34 7 that that IN 3136 34 8 Anglo anglo JJ 3136 34 9 - - HYPH 3136 34 10 American american JJ 3136 34 11 Cataloguing Cataloguing NNP 3136 34 12 Rules Rules NNPS 3136 34 13 , , , 3136 34 14 2nd 2nd JJ 3136 34 15 edition edition NN 3136 34 16 ( ( -LRB- 3136 34 17 AACR2)—the aacr2)—the DT 3136 34 18 traditional traditional JJ 3136 34 19 cataloging cataloging NN 3136 34 20 rule rule NN 3136 34 21 that that WDT 3136 34 22 has have VBZ 3136 34 23 most most RBS 3136 34 24 often often RB 3136 34 25 been be VBN 3136 34 26 used use VBN 3136 34 27 in in IN 3136 34 28 conjunction conjunction NN 3136 34 29 with with IN 3136 34 30 MARC MARC NNP 3136 34 31 — — : 3136 34 32 is be VBZ 3136 34 33 the the DT 3136 34 34 most most RBS 3136 34 35 widely widely RB 3136 34 36 used use VBN 3136 34 37 content content NN 3136 34 38 standard standard NN 3136 34 39 ( ( -LRB- 3136 34 40 81 81 CD 3136 34 41 percent percent NN 3136 34 42 ) ) -RRB- 3136 34 43 . . . 3136 35 1 AACR2 AACR2 NNP 3136 35 2 is be VBZ 3136 35 3 followed follow VBN 3136 35 4 by by IN 3136 35 5 Describing describe VBG 3136 35 6 Archives Archives NNPS 3136 35 7 : : : 3136 35 8 A a DT 3136 35 9 Content content JJ 3136 35 10 Standard standard NN 3136 35 11 ( ( -LRB- 3136 35 12 DACS dacs NN 3136 35 13 ) ) -RRB- 3136 35 14 with with IN 3136 35 15 42 42 CD 3136 35 16 percent percent NN 3136 35 17 ; ; : 3136 35 18 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3136 35 19 Cataloging Cataloging NNP 3136 35 20 of of IN 3136 35 21 Rare Rare NNP 3136 35 22 Materials Materials NNP 3136 35 23 with with IN 3136 35 24 33 33 CD 3136 35 25 percent percent NN 3136 35 26 ; ; : 3136 35 27 Archives archive NNS 3136 35 28 , , , 3136 35 29 Personal Personal NNP 3136 35 30 Papers Papers NNPS 3136 35 31 , , , 3136 35 32 Manuscripts Manuscripts NNP 3136 35 33 ( ( -LRB- 3136 35 34 APPM APPM NNP 3136 35 35 ) ) -RRB- 3136 35 36 with with IN 3136 35 37 25 25 CD 3136 35 38 percent percent NN 3136 35 39 ; ; : 3136 35 40 and and CC 3136 35 41 Cataloging Cataloging NNP 3136 35 42 Cultural Cultural NNP 3136 35 43 Objects Objects NNPS 3136 35 44 ( ( -LRB- 3136 35 45 CCO CCO NNP 3136 35 46 ) ) -RRB- 3136 35 47 with with IN 3136 35 48 21 21 CD 3136 35 49 percent.7 percent.7 CD 3136 35 50 In in IN 3136 35 51 the the DT 3136 35 52 same same JJ 3136 35 53 way way NN 3136 35 54 as as IN 3136 35 55 metadata metadata NNP 3136 35 56 schemata schemata NNP 3136 35 57 , , , 3136 35 58 there there EX 3136 35 59 appears appear VBZ 3136 35 60 to to TO 3136 35 61 be be VB 3136 35 62 a a DT 3136 35 63 concentration concentration NN 3136 35 64 of of IN 3136 35 65 a a DT 3136 35 66 few few JJ 3136 35 67 controlled control VBN 3136 35 68 vocabulary vocabulary JJ 3136 35 69 schemata schemata NN 3136 35 70 at at IN 3136 35 71 research research NN 3136 35 72 institutions institution NNS 3136 35 73 . . . 3136 36 1 Ma Ma NNP 3136 36 2 ’s ’s POS 3136 36 3 ARL ARL NNP 3136 36 4 survey survey NN 3136 36 5 , , , 3136 36 6 for for IN 3136 36 7 example example NN 3136 36 8 , , , 3136 36 9 shows show VBZ 3136 36 10 that that IN 3136 36 11 the the DT 3136 36 12 Library Library NNP 3136 36 13 of of IN 3136 36 14 Congress Congress NNP 3136 36 15 Subject Subject NNP 3136 36 16 Headings Headings NNPS 3136 36 17 ( ( -LRB- 3136 36 18 LCSH LCSH NNP 3136 36 19 ) ) -RRB- 3136 36 20 and and CC 3136 36 21 Name Name NNP 3136 36 22 Authority Authority NNP 3136 36 23 File File NNP 3136 36 24 ( ( -LRB- 3136 36 25 NAF NAF NNP 3136 36 26 ) ) -RRB- 3136 36 27 were be VBD 3136 36 28 used use VBN 3136 36 29 by by IN 3136 36 30 most most JJS 3136 36 31 survey survey NN 3136 36 32 respondents respondent NNS 3136 36 33 ( ( -LRB- 3136 36 34 96 96 CD 3136 36 35 percent percent NN 3136 36 36 and and CC 3136 36 37 88 88 CD 3136 36 38 percent percent NN 3136 36 39 , , , 3136 36 40 respectively respectively RB 3136 36 41 ) ) -RRB- 3136 36 42 . . . 3136 37 1 These these DT 3136 37 2 two two CD 3136 37 3 predominantly predominantly RB 3136 37 4 adopted adopt VBN 3136 37 5 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 3136 37 6 are be VBP 3136 37 7 followed follow VBN 3136 37 8 by by IN 3136 37 9 several several JJ 3136 37 10 domain domain NN 3136 37 11 - - HYPH 3136 37 12 specific specific JJ 3136 37 13 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 3136 37 14 , , , 3136 37 15 such such JJ 3136 37 16 as as IN 3136 37 17 Art Art NNP 3136 37 18 and and CC 3136 37 19 Architecture Architecture NNP 3136 37 20 Thesaurus Thesaurus NNP 3136 37 21 ( ( -LRB- 3136 37 22 AAT AAT NNP 3136 37 23 ) ) -RRB- 3136 37 24 , , , 3136 37 25 Library Library NNP 3136 37 26 of of IN 3136 37 27 Congress Congress NNP 3136 37 28 Thesaurus Thesaurus NNP 3136 37 29 for for IN 3136 37 30 Graphical Graphical NNP 3136 37 31 Materials Materials NNPS 3136 37 32 ( ( -LRB- 3136 37 33 TGM TGM NNP 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CC 3136 37 114 sharing share VBG 3136 37 115 information information NN 3136 37 116 about about IN 3136 37 117 local local JJ 3136 37 118 metadata metadata NN 3136 37 119 implementations implementation NNS 3136 37 120 is be VBZ 3136 37 121 an an DT 3136 37 122 important important JJ 3136 37 123 step step NN 3136 37 124 toward toward IN 3136 37 125 increased increase VBN 3136 37 126 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 37 127 , , , 3136 37 128 recent recent JJ 3136 37 129 studies study NNS 3136 37 130 tend tend VBP 3136 37 131 to to TO 3136 37 132 paint paint VB 3136 37 133 a a DT 3136 37 134 grim grim JJ 3136 37 135 picture picture NN 3136 37 136 of of IN 3136 37 137 current current JJ 3136 37 138 local local JJ 3136 37 139 documentation documentation NN 3136 37 140 practices practice NNS 3136 37 141 and and CC 3136 37 142 open open JJ 3136 37 143 accessibility accessibility NN 3136 37 144 . . . 3136 38 1 In in IN 3136 38 2 a a DT 3136 38 3 nationwide nationwide JJ 3136 38 4 study study NN 3136 38 5 of of IN 3136 38 6 institutional institutional JJ 3136 38 7 repositories repository NNS 3136 38 8 in in IN 3136 38 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 3136 38 10 academic academic JJ 3136 38 11 libraries library NNS 3136 38 12 , , , 3136 38 13 Markey Markey NNP 3136 38 14 et et NNP 3136 38 15 al al NNP 3136 38 16 . . . 3136 39 1 found find VBD 3136 39 2 that that IN 3136 39 3 only only RB 3136 39 4 61.3 61.3 CD 3136 39 5 percent percent NN 3136 39 6 of of IN 3136 39 7 the the DT 3136 39 8 446 446 CD 3136 39 9 survey survey NN 3136 39 10 participants participant NNS 3136 39 11 with with IN 3136 39 12 operational operational JJ 3136 39 13 institutional institutional JJ 3136 39 14 repositories repository NNS 3136 39 15 had have VBD 3136 39 16 imple- imple- NN 3136 39 17 mented mente VBN 3136 39 18 policies policy NNS 3136 39 19 for for IN 3136 39 20 metadata metadata NN 3136 39 21 schemata schemata NNP 3136 39 22 and and CC 3136 39 23 authorized authorized JJ 3136 39 24 metadata metadata 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In in IN 3136 41 2 an an DT 3136 41 3 ARL ARL NNP 3136 41 4 survey survey NN 3136 41 5 , , , 3136 41 6 the the DT 3136 41 7 University University NNP 3136 41 8 of of IN 3136 41 9 Houston Houston NNP 3136 41 10 Libraries Libraries NNPS 3136 41 11 Institutional Institutional NNP 3136 41 12 Repository Repository NNP 3136 41 13 ■ ■ NFP 3136 41 14 ■ ■ NFP 3136 41 15 Literature Literature NNP 3136 41 16 Review Review NNP 3136 41 17 As as IN 3136 41 18 evinced evince VBN 3136 41 19 by by IN 3136 41 20 the the DT 3136 41 21 principles principle NNS 3136 41 22 and and CC 3136 41 23 practices practice NNS 3136 41 24 of of IN 3136 41 25 bib- bib- DT 3136 41 26 liographic liographic JJ 3136 41 27 control control NN 3136 41 28 through through IN 3136 41 29 shared share VBN 3136 41 30 cataloging cataloging NN 3136 41 31 , , , 3136 41 32 successful successful JJ 3136 41 33 resource resource NN 3136 41 34 access access NN 3136 41 35 and and CC 3136 41 36 sharing sharing NN 3136 41 37 in in IN 3136 41 38 the the DT 3136 41 39 networked networked JJ 3136 41 40 envi- envi- XX 3136 41 41 ronment ronment JJ 3136 41 42 demands demand VBZ 3136 41 43 semantic semantic JJ 3136 41 44 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 41 45 based base VBN 3136 41 46 on on IN 3136 41 47 accurate accurate JJ 3136 41 48 , , , 3136 41 49 complete complete JJ 3136 41 50 , , , 3136 41 51 and and CC 3136 41 52 consistent consistent JJ 3136 41 53 resource resource NN 3136 41 54 description description NN 3136 41 55 . . . 3136 42 1 The the DT 3136 42 2 recent recent JJ 3136 42 3 survey survey NN 3136 42 4 by by IN 3136 42 5 Ma Ma NNP 3136 42 6 finds find VBZ 3136 42 7 that that IN 3136 42 8 the the DT 3136 42 9 Open Open NNP 3136 42 10 Archives Archives NNP 3136 42 11 Initiative Initiative NNP 3136 42 12 Protocol Protocol NNP 3136 42 13 for for IN 3136 42 14 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 42 15 Harvesting Harvesting NNP 3136 42 16 ( ( -LRB- 3136 42 17 OAI OAI NNP 3136 42 18 - - HYPH 3136 42 19 PMH PMH NNP 3136 42 20 ) ) -RRB- 3136 42 21 and and CC 3136 42 22 metadata metadata NN 3136 42 23 crosswalks crosswalk NNS 3136 42 24 have have VBP 3136 42 25 been be VBN 3136 42 26 adopted adopt VBN 3136 42 27 by by IN 3136 42 28 83 83 CD 3136 42 29 percent percent NN 3136 42 30 and and CC 3136 42 31 73 73 CD 3136 42 32 percent percent NN 3136 42 33 of of IN 3136 42 34 respondents respondent NNS 3136 42 35 , , , 3136 42 36 respectively respectively RB 3136 42 37 . . . 3136 43 1 Even even RB 3136 43 2 though though IN 3136 43 3 the the DT 3136 43 4 sample sample NN 3136 43 5 comes come VBZ 3136 43 6 only only RB 3136 43 7 from from IN 3136 43 8 sixty sixty CD 3136 43 9 - - HYPH 3136 43 10 eight eight CD 3136 43 11 Association Association NNP 3136 43 12 of of IN 3136 43 13 Research Research NNP 3136 43 14 Libraries Libraries NNP 3136 43 15 ( ( -LRB- 3136 43 16 ARL ARL NNP 3136 43 17 ) ) -RRB- 3136 43 18 member member NN 3136 43 19 librar- librar- NN 3136 43 20 ies ies NNP 3136 43 21 , , , 3136 43 22 and and CC 3136 43 23 the the DT 3136 43 24 figures figure NNS 3136 43 25 thus thus RB 3136 43 26 may may MD 3136 43 27 be be VB 3136 43 28 skewed skew VBN 3136 43 29 higher higher RBR 3136 43 30 than than IN 3136 43 31 those those DT 3136 43 32 of of IN 3136 43 33 the the DT 3136 43 34 entire entire JJ 3136 43 35 population population NN 3136 43 36 of of IN 3136 43 37 academic academic JJ 3136 43 38 libraries library NNS 3136 43 39 , , , 3136 43 40 there there EX 3136 43 41 is be VBZ 3136 43 42 little little JJ 3136 43 43 doubt doubt NN 3136 43 44 that that IN 3136 43 45 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 43 46 is be VBZ 3136 43 47 a a DT 3136 43 48 critical critical JJ 3136 43 49 issue issue NN 3136 43 50 given give VBN 3136 43 51 the the DT 3136 43 52 rapid rapid JJ 3136 43 53 proliferation proliferation NN 3136 43 54 of of IN 3136 43 55 metadata metadata NNP 3136 43 56 schemata schemata NNP 3136 43 57 throughout throughout IN 3136 43 58 digital digital NNP 3136 43 59 libraries.3 libraries.3 NN 3136 43 60 While while IN 3136 43 61 there there EX 3136 43 62 is be VBZ 3136 43 63 a a DT 3136 43 64 variety variety NN 3136 43 65 of of IN 3136 43 66 metadata metadata NN 3136 43 67 schemata schemata NNP 3136 43 68 cur- cur- NN 3136 43 69 rently rently RB 3136 43 70 in in IN 3136 43 71 use use NN 3136 43 72 for for IN 3136 43 73 organizing organize VBG 3136 43 74 digital digital JJ 3136 43 75 collections collection NNS 3136 43 76 , , , 3136 43 77 only only RB 3136 43 78 a a DT 3136 43 79 few few JJ 3136 43 80 of of IN 3136 43 81 them -PRON- PRP 3136 43 82 are be VBP 3136 43 83 widely widely RB 3136 43 84 used use VBN 3136 43 85 in in IN 3136 43 86 digital digital JJ 3136 43 87 repositories repository NNS 3136 43 88 . . . 3136 44 1 In in IN 3136 44 2 her -PRON- PRP$ 3136 44 3 ARL ARL NNP 3136 44 4 survey survey NN 3136 44 5 , , , 3136 44 6 Ma Ma NNP 3136 44 7 reports report VBZ 3136 44 8 that that IN 3136 44 9 the the DT 3136 44 10 MARC MARC NNP 3136 44 11 format format NN 3136 44 12 is be VBZ 3136 44 13 the the DT 3136 44 14 most most RBS 3136 44 15 widely widely RB 3136 44 16 used use VBN 3136 44 17 metadata metadata NN 3136 44 18 schema schema NNP 3136 44 19 ( ( -LRB- 3136 44 20 91 91 CD 3136 44 21 percent percent NN 3136 44 22 ) ) -RRB- 3136 44 23 , , , 3136 44 24 followed follow VBN 3136 44 25 by by IN 3136 44 26 Encoded encoded JJ 3136 44 27 Archival Archival NNP 3136 44 28 Description description NN 3136 44 29 ( ( -LRB- 3136 44 30 EAD EAD NNP 3136 44 31 ) ) -RRB- 3136 44 32 ( ( -LRB- 3136 44 33 84 84 CD 3136 44 34 percent percent NN 3136 44 35 ) ) -RRB- 3136 44 36 , , , 3136 44 37 Unqualified Unqualified NNP 3136 44 38 Dublin Dublin NNP 3136 44 39 Core Core NNP 3136 44 40 ( ( -LRB- 3136 44 41 DC DC NNP 3136 44 42 ) ) -RRB- 3136 44 43 ( ( -LRB- 3136 44 44 78 78 CD 3136 44 45 percent percent NN 3136 44 46 ) ) -RRB- 3136 44 47 , , , 3136 44 48 and and CC 3136 44 49 Qualified Qualified NNP 3136 44 50 DC DC NNP 3136 44 51 ( ( -LRB- 3136 44 52 67 67 CD 3136 44 53 percent).4 percent).4 NNP 3136 44 54 Similarly similarly RB 3136 44 55 , , , 3136 44 56 a a DT 3136 44 57 2007 2007 CD 3136 44 58 member member NN 3136 44 59 survey survey NN 3136 44 60 by by IN 3136 44 61 OCLC OCLC NNP 3136 44 62 Research Research NNP 3136 44 63 Libraries Libraries NNPS 3136 44 64 Group Group NNP 3136 44 65 ( ( -LRB- 3136 44 66 RLG RLG NNP 3136 44 67 ) ) -RRB- 3136 44 68 programs program NNS 3136 44 69 gath- gath- VBG 3136 44 70 ered ered JJ 3136 44 71 information information NN 3136 44 72 from from IN 3136 44 73 eighteen eighteen CD 3136 44 74 major major JJ 3136 44 75 research research NN 3136 44 76 libraries library NNS 3136 44 77 and and CC 3136 44 78 cultural cultural JJ 3136 44 79 heritage heritage NN 3136 44 80 institutions institution NNS 3136 44 81 and and CC 3136 44 82 also also RB 3136 44 83 found find VBD 3136 44 84 that that IN 3136 44 85 MARC MARC NNP 3136 44 86 is be VBZ 3136 44 87 the the DT 3136 44 88 most most RBS 3136 44 89 widely widely RB 3136 44 90 used use VBN 3136 44 91 scheme scheme NN 3136 44 92 ( ( -LRB- 3136 44 93 65 65 CD 3136 44 94 percent percent NN 3136 44 95 ) ) -RRB- 3136 44 96 , , , 3136 44 97 fol- fol- NN 3136 44 98 lowed low VBN 3136 44 99 by by IN 3136 44 100 EAD EAD NNP 3136 44 101 ( ( -LRB- 3136 44 102 43 43 CD 3136 44 103 percent percent NN 3136 44 104 ) ) -RRB- 3136 44 105 , , , 3136 44 106 Unqualified Unqualified NNP 3136 44 107 DC DC NNP 3136 44 108 ( ( -LRB- 3136 44 109 30 30 CD 3136 44 110 percent percent NN 3136 44 111 ) ) -RRB- 3136 44 112 , , , 3136 44 113 and and CC 3136 44 114 Qualified Qualified NNP 3136 44 115 DC DC NNP 3136 44 116 ( ( -LRB- 3136 44 117 29 29 CD 3136 44 118 percent percent NN 3136 44 119 ) ) -RRB- 3136 44 120 . . . 3136 45 1 The the DT 3136 45 2 different different JJ 3136 45 3 levels level NNS 3136 45 4 of of IN 3136 45 5 use use NN 3136 45 6 reported report VBN 3136 45 7 by by IN 3136 45 8 these these DT 3136 45 9 studies study NNS 3136 45 10 are be VBP 3136 45 11 probably probably RB 3136 45 12 due due JJ 3136 45 13 to to IN 3136 45 14 different different JJ 3136 45 15 sample sample NN 3136 45 16 sizes size NNS 3136 45 17 and and CC 3136 45 18 compositions composition NNS 3136 45 19 , , , 3136 45 20 but but CC 3136 45 21 results result NNS 3136 45 22 nonetheless nonetheless RB 3136 45 23 suggest suggest VBP 3136 45 24 that that IN 3136 45 25 metadata metadata NN 3136 45 26 use use NN 3136 45 27 at at IN 3136 45 28 research research NN 3136 45 29 institutions institution NNS 3136 45 30 tends tend VBZ 3136 45 31 to to TO 3136 45 32 rely rely VB 3136 45 33 on on IN 3136 45 34 a a DT 3136 45 35 small small JJ 3136 45 36 number number NN 3136 45 37 of of IN 3136 45 38 major major NN 3136 45 39 schemata.5 schemata.5 CD 3136 45 40 There there EX 3136 45 41 may may MD 3136 45 42 in in IN 3136 45 43 fact fact NN 3136 45 44 be be VB 3136 45 45 much much RB 3136 45 46 greater great JJR 3136 45 47 diversity diversity NN 3136 45 48 in in IN 3136 45 49 meta- meta- JJ 3136 45 50 data datum NNS 3136 45 51 use use VBP 3136 45 52 patterns pattern NNS 3136 45 53 when when WRB 3136 45 54 the the DT 3136 45 55 scope scope NN 3136 45 56 is be VBZ 3136 45 57 expanded expand VBN 3136 45 58 to to TO 3136 45 59 include include VB 3136 45 60 both both DT 3136 45 61 research research NN 3136 45 62 and and CC 3136 45 63 nonresearch nonresearch NN 3136 45 64 institutions institution NNS 3136 45 65 . . . 3136 46 1 Palmer Palmer NNP 3136 46 2 , , , 3136 46 3 Zavalina Zavalina NNP 3136 46 4 , , , 3136 46 5 and and CC 3136 46 6 Mustafoff Mustafoff NNP 3136 46 7 , , , 3136 46 8 for for IN 3136 46 9 example example NN 3136 46 10 , , , 3136 46 11 tracked track VBD 3136 46 12 trends trend NNS 3136 46 13 from from IN 3136 46 14 2003 2003 CD 3136 46 15 through through IN 3136 46 16 2006 2006 CD 3136 46 17 in in IN 3136 46 18 metadata metadata NN 3136 46 19 selection selection NN 3136 46 20 and and CC 3136 46 21 application application NN 3136 46 22 practices practice NNS 3136 46 23 at at IN 3136 46 24 more more JJR 3136 46 25 than than IN 3136 46 26 160 160 CD 3136 46 27 digital digital JJ 3136 46 28 collections collection NNS 3136 46 29 developed develop VBN 3136 46 30 through through IN 3136 46 31 Institute Institute NNP 3136 46 32 of of IN 3136 46 33 Museum Museum NNP 3136 46 34 and and CC 3136 46 35 Library Library NNP 3136 46 36 Services Services NNP 3136 46 37 grants grant NNS 3136 46 38 . . . 3136 47 1 They -PRON- PRP 3136 47 2 found find VBD 3136 47 3 that that IN 3136 47 4 despite despite IN 3136 47 5 perceived perceive VBN 3136 47 6 limitations limitation NNS 3136 47 7 , , , 3136 47 8 use use NN 3136 47 9 of of IN 3136 47 10 DC DC NNP 3136 47 11 is be VBZ 3136 47 12 the the DT 3136 47 13 most most RBS 3136 47 14 widespread widespread JJ 3136 47 15 , , , 3136 47 16 with with IN 3136 47 17 more more JJR 3136 47 18 than than IN 3136 47 19 half half NN 3136 47 20 of of IN 3136 47 21 the the DT 3136 47 22 digital digital JJ 3136 47 23 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practice NNS 3136 49 15 at at IN 3136 49 16 peer peer NN 3136 49 17 institutions institution NNS 3136 49 18 and and CC 3136 49 19 compatibility compatibility NN 3136 49 20 with with IN 3136 49 21 a a DT 3136 49 22 content content NN 3136 49 23 management management NN 3136 49 24 system system NN 3136 49 25 . . . 3136 50 1 What what WP 3136 50 2 is be VBZ 3136 50 3 most most RBS 3136 50 4 striking striking JJ 3136 50 5 , , , 3136 50 6 how- how- RB 3136 50 7 ever ever RB 3136 50 8 , , , 3136 50 9 is be VBZ 3136 50 10 the the DT 3136 50 11 finding finding NN 3136 50 12 that that WDT 3136 50 13 locally locally RB 3136 50 14 developed develop VBN 3136 50 15 schemata schemata NN 3136 50 16 are be VBP 3136 50 17 used use VBN 3136 50 18 as as RB 3136 50 19 often often RB 3136 50 20 as as IN 3136 50 21 MARC MARC NNP 3136 50 22 . . . 3136 51 1 There there EX 3136 51 2 is be VBZ 3136 51 3 a a DT 3136 51 4 decline decline NN 3136 51 5 in in IN 3136 51 6 the the DT 3136 51 7 percent- percent- JJ 3136 51 8 age age NN 3136 51 9 of of IN 3136 51 10 digital digital JJ 3136 51 11 projects project NNS 3136 51 12 using use VBG 3136 51 13 multiple multiple JJ 3136 51 14 metadata metadata NN 3136 51 15 schemata schemata NNP 3136 51 16 ( ( -LRB- 3136 51 17 from from IN 3136 51 18 53 53 CD 3136 51 19 percent percent NN 3136 51 20 to to IN 3136 51 21 38 38 CD 3136 51 22 percent percent NN 3136 51 23 ) ) -RRB- 3136 51 24 . . . 3136 52 1 Yet yet RB 3136 52 2 the the DT 3136 52 3 authors author NNS 3136 52 4 also also RB 3136 52 5 saw see VBD 3136 52 6 a a DT 3136 52 7 106 106 CD 3136 52 8 iNForMAtioN iNForMAtioN NNP 3136 52 9 tecHNoloGY tecHNoloGY NNP 3136 52 10 AND and CC 3136 52 11 liBrAries library NNS 3136 52 12 | | JJ 3136 52 13 septeMBer september VBP 3136 52 14 2010 2010 CD 3136 52 15 ■ ■ NFP 3136 52 16 ■ ■ NFP 3136 52 17 Method Method NNP 3136 52 18 The the DT 3136 52 19 objective objective NN 3136 52 20 of of IN 3136 52 21 the the DT 3136 52 22 research research NN 3136 52 23 reported report VBN 3136 52 24 in in IN 3136 52 25 this this DT 3136 52 26 paper paper NN 3136 52 27 is be VBZ 3136 52 28 to to TO 3136 52 29 examine examine VB 3136 52 30 the the DT 3136 52 31 current current JJ 3136 52 32 state state NN 3136 52 33 of of IN 3136 52 34 metadata metadata NN 3136 52 35 - - HYPH 3136 52 36 creation creation NN 3136 52 37 practices practice NNS 3136 52 38 in in IN 3136 52 39 terms term NNS 3136 52 40 of of IN 3136 52 41 the the DT 3136 52 42 creation creation NN 3136 52 43 of of IN 3136 52 44 descriptive descriptive JJ 3136 52 45 metadata metadata NN 3136 52 46 elements element NNS 3136 52 47 , , , 3136 52 48 the the DT 3136 52 49 use use NN 3136 52 50 of of IN 3136 52 51 controlled control VBN 3136 52 52 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 3136 52 53 for for IN 3136 52 54 subject subject JJ 3136 52 55 access access NN 3136 52 56 , , , 3136 52 57 and and CC 3136 52 58 the the DT 3136 52 59 exposure exposure NN 3136 52 60 of of IN 3136 52 61 metadata metadata NN 3136 52 62 and and CC 3136 52 63 metadata metadata NN 3136 52 64 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 52 65 beyond beyond IN 3136 52 66 local local JJ 3136 52 67 environments environment NNS 3136 52 68 . . . 3136 53 1 We -PRON- PRP 3136 53 2 conducted conduct VBD 3136 53 3 a a DT 3136 53 4 Web web NN 3136 53 5 survey survey NN 3136 53 6 using use VBG 3136 53 7 WebSurveyor WebSurveyor NNP 3136 53 8 ( ( -LRB- 3136 53 9 now now RB 3136 53 10 Vovici Vovici NNP 3136 53 11 : : : 3136 53 12 http://www.vovici http://www.vovici NNP 3136 53 13 .com .com . 3136 53 14 ) ) -RRB- 3136 53 15 . . . 3136 54 1 The the DT 3136 54 2 survey survey NN 3136 54 3 included include VBD 3136 54 4 both both DT 3136 54 5 structured structured JJ 3136 54 6 and and CC 3136 54 7 open- open- JJ 3136 54 8 ended ended JJ 3136 54 9 questions question NNS 3136 54 10 . . . 3136 55 1 It -PRON- PRP 3136 55 2 was be VBD 3136 55 3 extensively extensively RB 3136 55 4 reviewed review VBN 3136 55 5 by by IN 3136 55 6 members member NNS 3136 55 7 of of IN 3136 55 8 an an DT 3136 55 9 advisory advisory JJ 3136 55 10 board board NN 3136 55 11 — — : 3136 55 12 a a DT 3136 55 13 group group NN 3136 55 14 of of IN 3136 55 15 three three CD 3136 55 16 experts expert NNS 3136 55 17 in in IN 3136 55 18 the the DT 3136 55 19 field field NN 3136 55 20 — — : 3136 55 21 and and CC 3136 55 22 it -PRON- PRP 3136 55 23 was be VBD 3136 55 24 pilot pilot NN 3136 55 25 - - HYPH 3136 55 26 tested test VBN 3136 55 27 prior prior RB 3136 55 28 to to IN 3136 55 29 being be VBG 3136 55 30 officially officially RB 3136 55 31 launched launch VBN 3136 55 32 . . . 3136 56 1 The the DT 3136 56 2 survey survey NN 3136 56 3 included include VBD 3136 56 4 many many JJ 3136 56 5 multiple multiple JJ 3136 56 6 - - HYPH 3136 56 7 response response NN 3136 56 8 questions question NNS 3136 56 9 that that WDT 3136 56 10 called call VBD 3136 56 11 for for IN 3136 56 12 respondents respondent NNS 3136 56 13 to to TO 3136 56 14 check check VB 3136 56 15 all all DT 3136 56 16 appli- appli- NN 3136 56 17 cable cable NN 3136 56 18 answers answer NNS 3136 56 19 . . . 3136 57 1 We -PRON- PRP 3136 57 2 recruited recruit VBD 3136 57 3 participants participant NNS 3136 57 4 through through IN 3136 57 5 survey survey NN 3136 57 6 invitation invitation NN 3136 57 7 messages message NNS 3136 57 8 and and CC 3136 57 9 subsequent subsequent JJ 3136 57 10 reminders reminder NNS 3136 57 11 to to IN 3136 57 12 the the DT 3136 57 13 electronic electronic JJ 3136 57 14 mailing mailing NN 3136 57 15 lists list NNS 3136 57 16 of of IN 3136 57 17 communities community NNS 3136 57 18 of of IN 3136 57 19 metadata metadata NN 3136 57 20 and and CC 3136 57 21 cataloging catalog VBG 3136 57 22 professionals professional NNS 3136 57 23 . . . 3136 58 1 Table table NN 3136 58 2 1 1 CD 3136 58 3 shows show VBZ 3136 58 4 the the DT 3136 58 5 mailing mailing NN 3136 58 6 lists list NNS 3136 58 7 employed employ VBN 3136 58 8 for for IN 3136 58 9 the the DT 3136 58 10 study study NN 3136 58 11 . . . 3136 59 1 We -PRON- PRP 3136 59 2 also also RB 3136 59 3 sent send VBD 3136 59 4 out out RP 3136 59 5 individual individual JJ 3136 59 6 invitations invitation NNS 3136 59 7 and and CC 3136 59 8 distributed distribute VBN 3136 59 9 flyers flyer NNS 3136 59 10 to to IN 3136 59 11 selected select VBN 3136 59 12 metadata metadata NN 3136 59 13 and and CC 3136 59 14 cataloging catalog VBG 3136 59 15 ses- ses- NNS 3136 59 16 sions sion NNS 3136 59 17 during during IN 3136 59 18 the the DT 3136 59 19 2008 2008 CD 3136 59 20 ALA ALA NNP 3136 59 21 Midwinter Midwinter NNP 3136 59 22 Meeting Meeting NNP 3136 59 23 , , , 3136 59 24 held hold VBD 3136 59 25 that that DT 3136 59 26 year year NN 3136 59 27 in in IN 3136 59 28 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 3136 59 29 . . . 3136 60 1 The the DT 3136 60 2 survey survey NN 3136 60 3 attracted attract VBD 3136 60 4 a a DT 3136 60 5 large large JJ 3136 60 6 number number NN 3136 60 7 of of IN 3136 60 8 initial initial JJ 3136 60 9 par- par- NN 3136 60 10 ticipants ticipant NNS 3136 60 11 ( ( -LRB- 3136 60 12 N n NN 3136 60 13 = = SYM 3136 60 14 1,371 1,371 CD 3136 60 15 ) ) -RRB- 3136 60 16 , , , 3136 60 17 but but CC 3136 60 18 during during IN 3136 60 19 the the DT 3136 60 20 sixty sixty CD 3136 60 21 - - HYPH 3136 60 22 two two CD 3136 60 23 days day NNS 3136 60 24 from from IN 3136 60 25 August August NNP 3136 60 26 6 6 CD 3136 60 27 to to IN 3136 60 28 October October NNP 3136 60 29 6 6 CD 3136 60 30 , , , 3136 60 31 2008 2008 CD 3136 60 32 , , , 3136 60 33 we -PRON- PRP 3136 60 34 only only RB 3136 60 35 received receive VBD 3136 60 36 303 303 CD 3136 60 37 com- com- NN 3136 60 38 pleted plete VBD 3136 60 39 responses response NNS 3136 60 40 via via IN 3136 60 41 the the DT 3136 60 42 survey survey NN 3136 60 43 management management NN 3136 60 44 system system NN 3136 60 45 . . . 3136 61 1 We -PRON- PRP 3136 61 2 suspect suspect VBP 3136 61 3 that that IN 3136 61 4 the the DT 3136 61 5 high high JJ 3136 61 6 incompletion incompletion NN 3136 61 7 rate rate NN 3136 61 8 ( ( -LRB- 3136 61 9 77.9 77.9 CD 3136 61 10 percent percent NN 3136 61 11 ) ) -RRB- 3136 61 12 stems stem VBZ 3136 61 13 from from IN 3136 61 14 the the DT 3136 61 15 fact fact NN 3136 61 16 that that IN 3136 61 17 the the DT 3136 61 18 subject subject JJ 3136 61 19 matter matter NN 3136 61 20 may may MD 3136 61 21 have have VB 3136 61 22 been be VBN 3136 61 23 outside outside IN 3136 61 24 the the DT 3136 61 25 scope scope NN 3136 61 26 of of IN 3136 61 27 many many JJ 3136 61 28 participants participant NNS 3136 61 29 ’ ’ POS 3136 61 30 job job NN 3136 61 31 responsibili- responsibili- NN 3136 61 32 ties tie NNS 3136 61 33 . . . 3136 62 1 The the DT 3136 62 2 length length NN 3136 62 3 of of IN 3136 62 4 the the DT 3136 62 5 survey survey NN 3136 62 6 may may MD 3136 62 7 also also RB 3136 62 8 have have VB 3136 62 9 been be VBN 3136 62 10 a a DT 3136 62 11 factor factor NN 3136 62 12 in in IN 3136 62 13 the the DT 3136 62 14 incompletion incompletion NN 3136 62 15 rate rate NN 3136 62 16 . . . 3136 63 1 The the DT 3136 63 2 profiles profile NNS 3136 63 3 of of IN 3136 63 4 respondents respondent NNS 3136 63 5 ’ ’ POS 3136 63 6 job job NN 3136 63 7 titles title NNS 3136 63 8 ( ( -LRB- 3136 63 9 see see VB 3136 63 10 table table NN 3136 63 11 2 2 CD 3136 63 12 ) ) -RRB- 3136 63 13 Task Task NNP 3136 63 14 Force Force NNP 3136 63 15 found find VBD 3136 63 16 that that IN 3136 63 17 exposing expose VBG 3136 63 18 metadata metadata NN 3136 63 19 to to IN 3136 63 20 OAI OAI NNP 3136 63 21 - - HYPH 3136 63 22 PMH PMH NNP 3136 63 23 service service NN 3136 63 24 providers provider NNS 3136 63 25 is be VBZ 3136 63 26 an an DT 3136 63 27 established establish VBN 3136 63 28 practice practice NN 3136 63 29 used use VBN 3136 63 30 by by IN 3136 63 31 nearly nearly RB 3136 63 32 90 90 CD 3136 63 33 percent percent NN 3136 63 34 of of IN 3136 63 35 the the DT 3136 63 36 respondents.12 respondents.12 NNP 3136 63 37 Ma Ma NNP 3136 63 38 ’s ’s POS 3136 63 39 ARL ARL NNP 3136 63 40 survey survey NN 3136 63 41 also also RB 3136 63 42 reports report VBZ 3136 63 43 the the DT 3136 63 44 wide wide JJ 3136 63 45 adoption adoption NN 3136 63 46 of of IN 3136 63 47 OAI OAI NNP 3136 63 48 - - HYPH 3136 63 49 PMH PMH NNP 3136 63 50 ( ( -LRB- 3136 63 51 83 83 CD 3136 63 52 per- per- NN 3136 63 53 cent cent NN 3136 63 54 ) ) -RRB- 3136 63 55 . . . 3136 64 1 These these DT 3136 64 2 results result NNS 3136 64 3 underscore underscore VBP 3136 64 4 the the DT 3136 64 5 virtual virtual JJ 3136 64 6 consensus consensus NN 3136 64 7 on on IN 3136 64 8 the the DT 3136 64 9 critical critical JJ 3136 64 10 importance importance NN 3136 64 11 of of IN 3136 64 12 exposing expose VBG 3136 64 13 metadata metadata NN 3136 64 14 to to TO 3136 64 15 achieve achieve VB 3136 64 16 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 64 17 and and CC 3136 64 18 make make VB 3136 64 19 locally locally RB 3136 64 20 created create VBN 3136 64 21 metadata metadata NN 3136 64 22 useful useful JJ 3136 64 23 across across IN 3136 64 24 distributed distribute VBN 3136 64 25 digital digital JJ 3136 64 26 repositories repository NNS 3136 64 27 and and CC 3136 64 28 collections.13 collections.13 NNP 3136 64 29 By by IN 3136 64 30 contrast contrast NN 3136 64 31 , , , 3136 64 32 the the DT 3136 64 33 OCLC OCLC NNP 3136 64 34 RLG rlg NN 3136 64 35 survey survey NN 3136 64 36 shows show VBZ 3136 64 37 that that IN 3136 64 38 only only RB 3136 64 39 one one CD 3136 64 40 - - HYPH 3136 64 41 tenth tenth NN 3136 64 42 of of IN 3136 64 43 the the DT 3136 64 44 respondents respondent NNS 3136 64 45 stated state VBD 3136 64 46 that that IN 3136 64 47 all all DT 3136 64 48 non non JJ 3136 64 49 - - JJ 3136 64 50 MARC marc JJ 3136 64 51 metadata metadata NN 3136 64 52 is be VBZ 3136 64 53 exposed expose VBN 3136 64 54 to to IN 3136 64 55 OAI OAI NNP 3136 64 56 harvesters harvester NNS 3136 64 57 , , , 3136 64 58 while while IN 3136 64 59 30 30 CD 3136 64 60 percent percent NN 3136 64 61 indicated indicate VBD 3136 64 62 that that IN 3136 64 63 only only RB 3136 64 64 some some DT 3136 64 65 of of IN 3136 64 66 it -PRON- PRP 3136 64 67 was be VBD 3136 64 68 available available JJ 3136 64 69 . . . 3136 65 1 The the DT 3136 65 2 prominent prominent JJ 3136 65 3 theme theme NN 3136 65 4 revealed reveal VBN 3136 65 5 by by IN 3136 65 6 the the DT 3136 65 7 OCLC OCLC NNP 3136 65 8 RLG RLG NNP 3136 65 9 survey survey NN 3136 65 10 is be VBZ 3136 65 11 an an DT 3136 65 12 “ " `` 3136 65 13 inward inward JJ 3136 65 14 focus focus NN 3136 65 15 ” " '' 3136 65 16 in in IN 3136 65 17 current current JJ 3136 65 18 metadata metadata NN 3136 65 19 practices practice NNS 3136 65 20 , , , 3136 65 21 marked mark VBN 3136 65 22 by by IN 3136 65 23 the the DT 3136 65 24 “ " `` 3136 65 25 use use NN 3136 65 26 of of IN 3136 65 27 local local JJ 3136 65 28 tools tool NNS 3136 65 29 to to TO 3136 65 30 reach reach VB 3136 65 31 a a DT 3136 65 32 generally generally RB 3136 65 33 local local JJ 3136 65 34 audience audience NN 3136 65 35 . . . 3136 65 36 ”14 ”14 NN 3136 65 37 In in IN 3136 65 38 summary summary NN 3136 65 39 , , , 3136 65 40 recent recent JJ 3136 65 41 studies study NNS 3136 65 42 show show VBP 3136 65 43 that that IN 3136 65 44 the the DT 3136 65 45 current current JJ 3136 65 46 practice practice NN 3136 65 47 of of IN 3136 65 48 metadata metadata NN 3136 65 49 creation creation NN 3136 65 50 is be VBZ 3136 65 51 problematic problematic JJ 3136 65 52 due due IN 3136 65 53 to to IN 3136 65 54 the the DT 3136 65 55 lack lack NN 3136 65 56 of of IN 3136 65 57 a a DT 3136 65 58 mechanism mechanism NN 3136 65 59 for for IN 3136 65 60 integrating integrate VBG 3136 65 61 various various JJ 3136 65 62 types type NNS 3136 65 63 of of IN 3136 65 64 metadata metadata NN 3136 65 65 schemata schemata NNP 3136 65 66 , , , 3136 65 67 content content NN 3136 65 68 standards standard NNS 3136 65 69 , , , 3136 65 70 and and CC 3136 65 71 controlled control VBN 3136 65 72 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 3136 65 73 in in IN 3136 65 74 ways way NNS 3136 65 75 that that WDT 3136 65 76 promote promote VBP 3136 65 77 an an DT 3136 65 78 optimal optimal JJ 3136 65 79 level level NN 3136 65 80 of of IN 3136 65 81 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 65 82 across across IN 3136 65 83 digital digital JJ 3136 65 84 collections collection NNS 3136 65 85 and and CC 3136 65 86 repositories repository NNS 3136 65 87 . . . 3136 66 1 The the DT 3136 66 2 problems problem NNS 3136 66 3 are be VBP 3136 66 4 exacerbated exacerbate VBN 3136 66 5 in in IN 3136 66 6 an an DT 3136 66 7 environment environment NN 3136 66 8 where where WRB 3136 66 9 many many JJ 3136 66 10 institutions institution NNS 3136 66 11 lack lack VBP 3136 66 12 local local JJ 3136 66 13 documentation documentation NN 3136 66 14 delineating delineate VBG 3136 66 15 the the DT 3136 66 16 metadata metadata NN 3136 66 17 - - HYPH 3136 66 18 creation creation NN 3136 66 19 process process NN 3136 66 20 . . . 3136 67 1 At at IN 3136 67 2 the the DT 3136 67 3 same same JJ 3136 67 4 time time NN 3136 67 5 , , , 3136 67 6 researchers researcher NNS 3136 67 7 have have VBP 3136 67 8 only only RB 3136 67 9 recently recently RB 3136 67 10 begun begin VBN 3136 67 11 studying study VBG 3136 67 12 these these DT 3136 67 13 issues issue NNS 3136 67 14 , , , 3136 67 15 and and CC 3136 67 16 the the DT 3136 67 17 body body NN 3136 67 18 of of IN 3136 67 19 literature literature NN 3136 67 20 is be VBZ 3136 67 21 at at IN 3136 67 22 an an DT 3136 67 23 incipient incipient JJ 3136 67 24 stage stage NN 3136 67 25 . . . 3136 68 1 The the DT 3136 68 2 research research NN 3136 68 3 that that WDT 3136 68 4 was be VBD 3136 68 5 done do VBN 3136 68 6 often often RB 3136 68 7 targeted target VBN 3136 68 8 different different JJ 3136 68 9 populations population NNS 3136 68 10 , , , 3136 68 11 and and CC 3136 68 12 sample sample NN 3136 68 13 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out RP 3136 70 4 the the DT 3136 70 5 need need NN 3136 70 6 for for IN 3136 70 7 further further JJ 3136 70 8 research research NN 3136 70 9 of of IN 3136 70 10 current current JJ 3136 70 11 metadata metadata NN 3136 70 12 - - HYPH 3136 70 13 creation creation NN 3136 70 14 practice practice NN 3136 70 15 . . . 3136 71 1 Table table NN 3136 71 2 1 1 CD 3136 71 3 . . . 3136 72 1 Electronic electronic JJ 3136 72 2 mailing mailing NN 3136 72 3 lists list NNS 3136 72 4 for for IN 3136 72 5 the the DT 3136 72 6 survey survey NN 3136 72 7 Electronic Electronic NNP 3136 72 8 Mailing Mailing NNP 3136 72 9 Lists Lists NNPS 3136 72 10 E e NN 3136 72 11 - - NN 3136 72 12 mail mail NN 3136 72 13 Address address NN 3136 72 14 Autocat Autocat NNP 3136 72 15 Dublin Dublin NNP 3136 72 16 Core Core NNP 3136 72 17 Listserv Listserv NNP 3136 72 18 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 72 19 Librarians Librarians NNPS 3136 72 20 Listserv Listserv NNP 3136 72 21 Library Library NNP 3136 72 22 and and CC 3136 72 23 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autocat@listserv.syr.edu autocat@listserv.syr.edu NN 3136 72 53 dc-libraries@jiscmail.ac.uk dc-libraries@jiscmail.ac.uk VB 3136 72 54 metadatalibrarians@lists.monarchos.com metadatalibrarians@lists.monarchos.com ADD 3136 72 55 lita-l@ala.org lita-l@ala.org . 3136 72 56 olac-list@listserv.acsu.buffalo.edu olac-list@listserv.acsu.buffalo.edu NNP 3136 72 57 sacolist@listserv.loc.gov sacolist@listserv.loc.gov NNP 3136 72 58 serialst@list.uvm.edu serialst@list.uvm.edu VBZ 3136 72 59 tei-l@listserv.brown.edu tei-l@listserv.brown.edu CD 3136 72 60 eril-l@listserv.binghamton.edu eril-l@listserv.binghamton.edu NNS 3136 72 61 ead@listserv.loc.gov ead@listserv.loc.gov UH 3136 72 62 MetADAtA MetADAtA NNP 3136 72 63 creAtioN creAtioN NNP 3136 72 64 prActices prActices NNP 3136 72 65 iN in IN 3136 72 66 DiGitAl digital NN 3136 72 67 repositories repository NNS 3136 72 68 AND and CC 3136 72 69 collectioNs collections CD 3136 72 70 | | NNS 3136 72 71 pArK pArK NNS 3136 72 72 AND and CC 3136 72 73 tosAKA tosAKA NNP 3136 72 74 107 107 CD 3136 72 75 and and CC 3136 72 76 job job NN 3136 72 77 responsibilities responsibility NNS 3136 72 78 ( ( -LRB- 3136 72 79 see see VB 3136 72 80 table table NN 3136 72 81 3 3 CD 3136 72 82 ) ) -RRB- 3136 72 83 clearly clearly RB 3136 72 84 show show VBP 3136 72 85 that that IN 3136 72 86 most most JJS 3136 72 87 of of IN 3136 72 88 the the DT 3136 72 89 individuals individual NNS 3136 72 90 who who WP 3136 72 91 completed complete VBD 3136 72 92 the the DT 3136 72 93 survey survey NN 3136 72 94 engage engage VB 3136 72 95 professionally professionally RB 3136 72 96 in in IN 3136 72 97 activities activity NNS 3136 72 98 directly directly RB 3136 72 99 relevant relevant JJ 3136 72 100 to to IN 3136 72 101 the the DT 3136 72 102 research research NN 3136 72 103 objectives objective NNS 3136 72 104 , , , 3136 72 105 such such JJ 3136 72 106 as as IN 3136 72 107 descriptive descriptive JJ 3136 72 108 and and CC 3136 72 109 subject subject JJ 3136 72 110 cataloging cataloging NN 3136 72 111 , , , 3136 72 112 metadata metadata NN 3136 72 113 creation creation NN 3136 72 114 and and CC 3136 72 115 management management NN 3136 72 116 , , , 3136 72 117 author- author- NN 3136 72 118 ity ity NNP 3136 72 119 control control NNP 3136 72 120 , , , 3136 72 121 nonprint nonprint NN 3136 72 122 and and CC 3136 72 123 special special JJ 3136 72 124 material material NN 3136 72 125 cataloging cataloging NN 3136 72 126 , , , 3136 72 127 electronic electronic JJ 3136 72 128 resource resource NN 3136 72 129 and and CC 3136 72 130 digital digital JJ 3136 72 131 project project NN 3136 72 132 management management NN 3136 72 133 , , , 3136 72 134 and and CC 3136 72 135 integrated integrate VBN 3136 72 136 library library NN 3136 72 137 system system NN 3136 72 138 ( ( -LRB- 3136 72 139 ILS ILS NNP 3136 72 140 ) ) -RRB- 3136 72 141 management management NN 3136 72 142 . . . 3136 73 1 Although although IN 3136 73 2 the the DT 3136 73 3 largest large JJS 3136 73 4 number number NN 3136 73 5 of of IN 3136 73 6 participants participant NNS 3136 73 7 ( ( -LRB- 3136 73 8 135 135 CD 3136 73 9 , , , 3136 73 10 or or CC 3136 73 11 44.6 44.6 CD 3136 73 12 percent percent NN 3136 73 13 ) ) -RRB- 3136 73 14 chose choose VBD 3136 73 15 the the DT 3136 73 16 “ " `` 3136 73 17 Other other JJ 3136 73 18 ” " '' 3136 73 19 category category NN 3136 73 20 regarding regard VBG 3136 73 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 73 22 job job NN 3136 73 23 title title NN 3136 73 24 ( ( -LRB- 3136 73 25 see see VB 3136 73 26 table table NN 3136 73 27 2 2 CD 3136 73 28 ) ) -RRB- 3136 73 29 , , , 3136 73 30 it -PRON- PRP 3136 73 31 is be VBZ 3136 73 32 reasonable reasonable JJ 3136 73 33 to to TO 3136 73 34 assume assume VB 3136 73 35 that that IN 3136 73 36 the the DT 3136 73 37 vast vast JJ 3136 73 38 majority majority NN 3136 73 39 can can MD 3136 73 40 be be VB 3136 73 41 categorized categorize VBN 3136 73 42 as as IN 3136 73 43 cataloging catalog VBG 3136 73 44 and and CC 3136 73 45 meta- meta- JJ 3136 73 46 data datum NNS 3136 73 47 professionals.15 professionals.15 NNP 3136 73 48 Most Most JJS 3136 73 49 job job NN 3136 73 50 titles title NNS 3136 73 51 given give VBN 3136 73 52 as as IN 3136 73 53 “ " `` 3136 73 54 Other other JJ 3136 73 55 ” " '' 3136 73 56 are be VBP 3136 73 57 associated associate VBN 3136 73 58 with with IN 3136 73 59 one one CD 3136 73 60 of of IN 3136 73 61 the the DT 3136 73 62 professional professional JJ 3136 73 63 activities activity NNS 3136 73 64 listed list VBN 3136 73 65 in in IN 3136 73 66 table table NN 3136 73 67 4 4 CD 3136 73 68 . . . 3136 74 1 Thus thus RB 3136 74 2 it -PRON- PRP 3136 74 3 is be VBZ 3136 74 4 reasonable reasonable JJ 3136 74 5 to to TO 3136 74 6 assume assume VB 3136 74 7 that that IN 3136 74 8 the the DT 3136 74 9 respondents respondent NNS 3136 74 10 are be VBP 3136 74 11 in in IN 3136 74 12 an an DT 3136 74 13 appropriate appropriate JJ 3136 74 14 position position NN 3136 74 15 to to TO 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participant NNS 3136 79 2 ’ ’ POS 3136 79 3 job job NN 3136 79 4 responsibilities responsibility NNS 3136 79 5 ( ( -LRB- 3136 79 6 multiple multiple JJ 3136 79 7 responses response NNS 3136 79 8 ) ) -RRB- 3136 79 9 Job Job NNP 3136 79 10 Responsibilities Responsibilities NNP 3136 79 11 Number Number NNP 3136 79 12 of of IN 3136 79 13 Participants Participants NNPS 3136 79 14 General General NNP 3136 79 15 cataloging cataloging NN 3136 79 16 ( ( -LRB- 3136 79 17 e.g. e.g. RB 3136 79 18 , , , 3136 79 19 descriptive descriptive JJ 3136 79 20 and and CC 3136 79 21 subject subject JJ 3136 79 22 cataloging cataloging NN 3136 79 23 ) ) -RRB- 3136 79 24 171 171 CD 3136 79 25 ( ( -LRB- 3136 79 26 56.4 56.4 CD 3136 79 27 % % NN 3136 79 28 ) ) -RRB- 3136 79 29 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 79 30 creation creation NN 3136 79 31 and and CC 3136 79 32 management management NN 3136 79 33 153 153 CD 3136 79 34 ( ( -LRB- 3136 79 35 50.5 50.5 CD 3136 79 36 % % NN 3136 79 37 ) ) -RRB- 3136 79 38 Authority authority NN 3136 79 39 control control NN 3136 79 40 147 147 CD 3136 79 41 ( ( -LRB- 3136 79 42 48.5 48.5 CD 3136 79 43 % % NN 3136 79 44 ) ) -RRB- 3136 79 45 Nonprint nonprint NN 3136 79 46 cataloging cataloging NN 3136 79 47 ( ( -LRB- 3136 79 48 e.g. e.g. RB 3136 79 49 , , , 3136 79 50 microform microform NN 3136 79 51 , , , 3136 79 52 music music NN 3136 79 53 scores score NNS 3136 79 54 , , , 3136 79 55 photographs photograph NNS 3136 79 56 , , , 3136 79 57 video video NN 3136 79 58 recordings recording NNS 3136 79 59 ) ) -RRB- 3136 79 60 133 133 CD 3136 79 61 ( ( -LRB- 3136 79 62 43.9 43.9 CD 3136 79 63 % % NN 3136 79 64 ) ) -RRB- 3136 79 65 Special special JJ 3136 79 66 material material NN 3136 79 67 cataloging cataloging NN 3136 79 68 ( ( -LRB- 3136 79 69 e.g. e.g. RB 3136 79 70 , , , 3136 79 71 rare rare JJ 3136 79 72 books book NNS 3136 79 73 , , , 3136 79 74 foreign foreign JJ 3136 79 75 language language NN 3136 79 76 materials material NNS 3136 79 77 , , , 3136 79 78 government government NN 3136 79 79 documents document NNS 3136 79 80 ) ) -RRB- 3136 79 81 126 126 CD 3136 79 82 ( ( -LRB- 3136 79 83 41.6 41.6 CD 3136 79 84 % % NN 3136 79 85 ) ) -RRB- 3136 79 86 Digital Digital NNP 3136 79 87 project project NN 3136 79 88 management management NN 3136 79 89 101 101 CD 3136 79 90 ( ( -LRB- 3136 79 91 33.3 33.3 CD 3136 79 92 % % NN 3136 79 93 ) ) -RRB- 3136 79 94 Electronic electronic JJ 3136 79 95 resource resource NN 3136 79 96 management management NN 3136 79 97 62 62 CD 3136 79 98 ( ( -LRB- 3136 79 99 20.5 20.5 CD 3136 79 100 % % NN 3136 79 101 ) ) -RRB- 3136 79 102 ILS ILS NNP 3136 79 103 management management NN 3136 79 104 59 59 CD 3136 79 105 ( ( -LRB- 3136 79 106 19.5 19.5 CD 3136 79 107 % % NN 3136 79 108 ) ) -RRB- 3136 79 109 Other other JJ 3136 79 110 51 51 CD 3136 79 111 ( ( -LRB- 3136 79 112 16.8 16.8 CD 3136 79 113 % % NN 3136 79 114 ) ) -RRB- 3136 79 115 Survey survey NN 3136 79 116 question question NN 3136 79 117 : : : 3136 79 118 what what WP 3136 79 119 are be VBP 3136 79 120 your -PRON- PRP$ 3136 79 121 primary primary JJ 3136 79 122 job job NN 3136 79 123 responsibilities responsibility NNS 3136 79 124 ? ? . 3136 80 1 ( ( -LRB- 3136 80 2 please please UH 3136 80 3 check check VB 3136 80 4 all all PDT 3136 80 5 that that WDT 3136 80 6 apply apply VBP 3136 80 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 80 8 Table table NN 3136 80 9 2 2 CD 3136 80 10 . . . 3136 81 1 Job Job NNP 3136 81 2 titles title NNS 3136 81 3 of of IN 3136 81 4 participants participant NNS 3136 81 5 ( ( -LRB- 3136 81 6 multiple multiple JJ 3136 81 7 responses response NNS 3136 81 8 ) ) -RRB- 3136 81 9 Job Job NNP 3136 81 10 Titles Titles NNP 3136 81 11 Number Number NNP 3136 81 12 of of IN 3136 81 13 Participants Participants NNPS 3136 81 14 Other other JJ 3136 81 15 135 135 CD 3136 81 16 ( ( -LRB- 3136 81 17 44.6 44.6 CD 3136 81 18 % % NN 3136 81 19 ) ) -RRB- 3136 81 20 Cataloger Cataloger NNP 3136 81 21 / / SYM 3136 81 22 cataloging catalog VBG 3136 81 23 librarian/ librarian/ JJR 3136 81 24 catalog catalog NN 3136 81 25 librarian librarian NNP 3136 81 26 99 99 CD 3136 81 27 ( ( -LRB- 3136 81 28 32.7 32.7 CD 3136 81 29 % % NN 3136 81 30 ) ) -RRB- 3136 81 31 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 81 32 librarian librarian NN 3136 81 33 29 29 CD 3136 81 34 ( ( -LRB- 3136 81 35 9.6 9.6 CD 3136 81 36 % % NN 3136 81 37 ) ) -RRB- 3136 81 38 Catalog Catalog NNP 3136 81 39 & & CC 3136 81 40 metadata metadata NNP 3136 81 41 librarian librarian NNP 3136 81 42 26 26 CD 3136 81 43 ( ( -LRB- 3136 81 44 8.6 8.6 CD 3136 81 45 % % NN 3136 81 46 ) ) -RRB- 3136 81 47 Head Head NNP 3136 81 48 , , , 3136 81 49 cataloging catalog VBG 3136 81 50 26 26 CD 3136 81 51 ( ( -LRB- 3136 81 52 8.6 8.6 CD 3136 81 53 % % NN 3136 81 54 ) ) -RRB- 3136 81 55 Electronic electronic JJ 3136 81 56 resources resource NNS 3136 81 57 cataloger cataloger VBP 3136 81 58 17 17 CD 3136 81 59 ( ( -LRB- 3136 81 60 5.6 5.6 CD 3136 81 61 % % NN 3136 81 62 ) ) -RRB- 3136 81 63 Cataloging catalog VBG 3136 81 64 coordinator coordinator NN 3136 81 65 15 15 CD 3136 81 66 ( ( -LRB- 3136 81 67 5.0 5.0 CD 3136 81 68 % % NN 3136 81 69 ) ) -RRB- 3136 81 70 Head Head NNP 3136 81 71 , , , 3136 81 72 cataloging catalog VBG 3136 81 73 & & CC 3136 81 74 metadata metadata NNP 3136 81 75 services service NNS 3136 81 76 15 15 CD 3136 81 77 ( ( -LRB- 3136 81 78 5.0 5.0 CD 3136 81 79 % % NN 3136 81 80 ) ) -RRB- 3136 81 81 N n NN 3136 81 82 = = SYM 3136 81 83 227 227 CD 3136 81 84 . . . 3136 82 1 Survey survey NN 3136 82 2 question question NN 3136 82 3 : : : 3136 82 4 what what WP 3136 82 5 is be VBZ 3136 82 6 your -PRON- PRP$ 3136 82 7 working work VBG 3136 82 8 job job NN 3136 82 9 title title NN 3136 82 10 ? ? . 3136 83 1 ( ( -LRB- 3136 83 2 please please UH 3136 83 3 check check VB 3136 83 4 all all PDT 3136 83 5 that that WDT 3136 83 6 apply apply VBP 3136 83 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 83 8 Table table NN 3136 83 9 4 4 CD 3136 83 10 . . . 3136 84 1 Professional professional JJ 3136 84 2 activities activity NNS 3136 84 3 specified specify VBN 3136 84 4 in in IN 3136 84 5 “ " `` 3136 84 6 Other other JJ 3136 84 7 ” " '' 3136 84 8 category category NN 3136 84 9 in in IN 3136 84 10 table table NN 3136 84 11 2 2 CD 3136 84 12 Professional Professional NNP 3136 84 13 Activities Activities NNPS 3136 84 14 Number Number NNP 3136 84 15 of of IN 3136 84 16 Participants Participants NNPS 3136 84 17 Cataloging Cataloging NNP 3136 84 18 & & CC 3136 84 19 metadata metadata NN 3136 84 20 creation creation NN 3136 84 21 31 31 CD 3136 84 22 ( ( -LRB- 3136 84 23 10.2 10.2 CD 3136 84 24 % % NN 3136 84 25 ) ) -RRB- 3136 84 26 Digital Digital NNP 3136 84 27 projects project NNS 3136 84 28 management management NN 3136 84 29 23 23 CD 3136 84 30 ( ( -LRB- 3136 84 31 7.6 7.6 CD 3136 84 32 % % NN 3136 84 33 ) ) -RRB- 3136 84 34 Technical technical JJ 3136 84 35 services service NNS 3136 84 36 17 17 CD 3136 84 37 ( ( -LRB- 3136 84 38 5.6 5.6 CD 3136 84 39 % % NN 3136 84 40 ) ) -RRB- 3136 84 41 Archiving archive VBG 3136 84 42 16 16 CD 3136 84 43 ( ( -LRB- 3136 84 44 5.3 5.3 CD 3136 84 45 % % NN 3136 84 46 ) ) -RRB- 3136 84 47 Electronic electronic JJ 3136 84 48 resources resource NNS 3136 84 49 and and CC 3136 84 50 serials serial NNS 3136 84 51 management management NN 3136 84 52 6 6 CD 3136 84 53 ( ( -LRB- 3136 84 54 2.0 2.0 CD 3136 84 55 % % NN 3136 84 56 ) ) -RRB- 3136 84 57 Library library JJ 3136 84 58 system system NN 3136 84 59 administration/ administration/ CC 3136 84 60 other other JJ 3136 84 61 6 6 CD 3136 84 62 ( ( -LRB- 3136 84 63 2.0 2.0 CD 3136 84 64 % % NN 3136 84 65 ) ) -RRB- 3136 84 66 N n NN 3136 84 67 = = SYM 3136 84 68 99 99 CD 3136 84 69 . . . 3136 85 1 Survey survey NN 3136 85 2 question question NN 3136 85 3 : : : 3136 85 4 If if IN 3136 85 5 you -PRON- PRP 3136 85 6 selected select VBD 3136 85 7 other other JJ 3136 85 8 , , , 3136 85 9 please please UH 3136 85 10 specify specify VB 3136 85 11 . . . 3136 86 1 108 108 CD 3136 86 2 iNForMAtioN iNForMAtioN NNP 3136 86 3 tecHNoloGY tecHNoloGY NNP 3136 86 4 AND and CC 3136 86 5 liBrAries library NNS 3136 86 6 | | JJ 3136 86 7 septeMBer september ADD 3136 86 8 2010 2010 CD 3136 86 9 It -PRON- PRP 3136 86 10 is be VBZ 3136 86 11 noteworthy noteworthy JJ 3136 86 12 that that IN 3136 86 13 use use NN 3136 86 14 of of IN 3136 86 15 Qualified Qualified NNP 3136 86 16 DC DC NNP 3136 86 17 was be VBD 3136 86 18 higher high JJR 3136 86 19 than than IN 3136 86 20 that that DT 3136 86 21 of of IN 3136 86 22 Unqualified unqualified JJ 3136 86 23 DC DC NNP 3136 86 24 . . . 3136 87 1 This this DT 3136 87 2 result result NN 3136 87 3 is be VBZ 3136 87 4 different different JJ 3136 87 5 from from IN 3136 87 6 the the DT 3136 87 7 ARL ARL NNP 3136 87 8 survey survey NN 3136 87 9 and and CC 3136 87 10 a a DT 3136 87 11 member member NN 3136 87 12 survey survey NN 3136 87 13 conducted conduct VBD 3136 87 14 ■ ■ NFP 3136 87 15 ■ ■ CD 3136 87 16 Results result NNS 3136 87 17 In in IN 3136 87 18 this this DT 3136 87 19 section section NN 3136 87 20 , , , 3136 87 21 we -PRON- PRP 3136 87 22 will will MD 3136 87 23 present present VB 3136 87 24 the the DT 3136 87 25 findings finding NNS 3136 87 26 of of IN 3136 87 27 this this DT 3136 87 28 study study NN 3136 87 29 in in IN 3136 87 30 the the DT 3136 87 31 following follow VBG 3136 87 32 three three CD 3136 87 33 areas area NNS 3136 87 34 : : : 3136 87 35 ( ( -LRB- 3136 87 36 1 1 LS 3136 87 37 ) ) -RRB- 3136 87 38 metadata metadata NN 3136 87 39 and and CC 3136 87 40 controlled control VBN 3136 87 41 vocabulary vocabulary JJ 3136 87 42 schemata schemata NN 3136 87 43 and and CC 3136 87 44 metadata metadata NN 3136 87 45 tools tool NNS 3136 87 46 used use VBN 3136 87 47 , , , 3136 87 48 ( ( -LRB- 3136 87 49 2 2 LS 3136 87 50 ) ) -RRB- 3136 87 51 criteria criterion NNS 3136 87 52 for for IN 3136 87 53 selecting select VBG 3136 87 54 metadata metadata NN 3136 87 55 and and CC 3136 87 56 controlled control VBN 3136 87 57 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 87 58 schemata schemata NN 3136 87 59 , , , 3136 87 60 and and CC 3136 87 61 ( ( -LRB- 3136 87 62 3 3 LS 3136 87 63 ) ) -RRB- 3136 87 64 exposing expose VBG 3136 87 65 metadata metadata NN 3136 87 66 and and CC 3136 87 67 metadata metadata NN 3136 87 68 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 87 69 beyond beyond IN 3136 87 70 local local JJ 3136 87 71 environments environment NNS 3136 87 72 . . . 3136 88 1 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 88 2 and and CC 3136 88 3 controlled control VBN 3136 88 4 Vocabulary Vocabulary NNP 3136 88 5 schemata schemata NN 3136 88 6 and and CC 3136 88 7 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 88 8 tools tool NNS 3136 88 9 used use VBD 3136 88 10 A a DT 3136 88 11 great great JJ 3136 88 12 variety variety NN 3136 88 13 of of IN 3136 88 14 digital digital JJ 3136 88 15 objects object NNS 3136 88 16 were be VBD 3136 88 17 handled handle VBN 3136 88 18 by by IN 3136 88 19 the the DT 3136 88 20 survey survey NN 3136 88 21 participants participant NNS 3136 88 22 , , , 3136 88 23 as as IN 3136 88 24 figure figure NN 3136 88 25 1 1 CD 3136 88 26 shows show NNS 3136 88 27 . . . 3136 89 1 The the DT 3136 89 2 most most RBS 3136 89 3 frequently frequently RB 3136 89 4 han- han- RB 3136 89 5 dled dle VBD 3136 89 6 object object NN 3136 89 7 was be VBD 3136 89 8 text text NN 3136 89 9 , , , 3136 89 10 cited cite VBN 3136 89 11 by by IN 3136 89 12 86.5 86.5 CD 3136 89 13 percent percent NN 3136 89 14 of of IN 3136 89 15 the the DT 3136 89 16 respondents respondent NNS 3136 89 17 . . . 3136 90 1 About about RB 3136 90 2 three three CD 3136 90 3 - - HYPH 3136 90 4 fourths fourth NNS 3136 90 5 of of IN 3136 90 6 the the DT 3136 90 7 respondents respondent NNS 3136 90 8 described describe VBD 3136 90 9 audiovi- audiovi- VBP 3136 90 10 sual sual JJ 3136 90 11 materials material NNS 3136 90 12 ( ( -LRB- 3136 90 13 75.2 75.2 CD 3136 90 14 percent percent NN 3136 90 15 ) ) -RRB- 3136 90 16 , , , 3136 90 17 while while IN 3136 90 18 60.1 60.1 CD 3136 90 19 percent percent NN 3136 90 20 described describe VBD 3136 90 21 images image NNS 3136 90 22 and and CC 3136 90 23 51.8 51.8 CD 3136 90 24 per- per- NN 3136 90 25 cent cent NN 3136 90 26 described describe VBD 3136 90 27 archival archival NN 3136 90 28 materials material NNS 3136 90 29 . . . 3136 91 1 More More JJR 3136 91 2 than than IN 3136 91 3 65 65 CD 3136 91 4 percent percent NN 3136 91 5 of of IN 3136 91 6 the the DT 3136 91 7 respondents respondent NNS 3136 91 8 han- han- NN 3136 91 9 dled dle VBD 3136 91 10 electronic electronic JJ 3136 91 11 resources resource NNS 3136 91 12 ( ( -LRB- 3136 91 13 68.3 68.3 CD 3136 91 14 percent percent NN 3136 91 15 ) ) -RRB- 3136 91 16 and and CC 3136 91 17 digitized digitized JJ 3136 91 18 resources resource NNS 3136 91 19 ( ( -LRB- 3136 91 20 66.7 66.7 CD 3136 91 21 percent percent NN 3136 91 22 ) ) -RRB- 3136 91 23 , , , 3136 91 24 while while IN 3136 91 25 approximately approximately RB 3136 91 26 half half PDT 3136 91 27 handled handle VBN 3136 91 28 born- born- JJ 3136 91 29 digital digital JJ 3136 91 30 resources resource NNS 3136 91 31 ( ( -LRB- 3136 91 32 52.5 52.5 CD 3136 91 33 percent percent NN 3136 91 34 ) ) -RRB- 3136 91 35 . . . 3136 92 1 The the DT 3136 92 2 types type NNS 3136 92 3 of of IN 3136 92 4 materials material NNS 3136 92 5 described describe VBN 3136 92 6 in in IN 3136 92 7 digital digital JJ 3136 92 8 collections collection NNS 3136 92 9 were be VBD 3136 92 10 diverse diverse JJ 3136 92 11 , , , 3136 92 12 encompassing encompass VBG 3136 92 13 both both DT 3136 92 14 digitized digitized JJ 3136 92 15 and and CC 3136 92 16 born bear VBN 3136 92 17 - - HYPH 3136 92 18 digital digital NNP 3136 92 19 materi- materi- JJ 3136 92 20 als als FW 3136 92 21 ; ; : 3136 92 22 however however RB 3136 92 23 , , , 3136 92 24 digitization digitization NN 3136 92 25 accounted account VBD 3136 92 26 for for IN 3136 92 27 a a DT 3136 92 28 slightly slightly RB 3136 92 29 greater great JJR 3136 92 30 percentage percentage NN 3136 92 31 of of IN 3136 92 32 meta- meta- JJ 3136 92 33 data data NN 3136 92 34 creation creation NN 3136 92 35 . . . 3136 93 1 To to TO 3136 93 2 handle handle VB 3136 93 3 these these DT 3136 93 4 diverse diverse JJ 3136 93 5 digital digital JJ 3136 93 6 objects object NNS 3136 93 7 , , , 3136 93 8 the the DT 3136 93 9 respondents respondent NNS 3136 93 10 ’ ’ POS 3136 93 11 institutions institution NNS 3136 93 12 employed employ VBD 3136 93 13 a a DT 3136 93 14 wide wide JJ 3136 93 15 range range NN 3136 93 16 of of IN 3136 93 17 metadata metadata NN 3136 93 18 schemata schemata NNP 3136 93 19 , , , 3136 93 20 as as IN 3136 93 21 figure figure NN 3136 93 22 2 2 CD 3136 93 23 shows show NNS 3136 93 24 . . . 3136 94 1 Yet yet CC 3136 94 2 there there EX 3136 94 3 were be VBD 3136 94 4 a a DT 3136 94 5 few few JJ 3136 94 6 schemata schemata NN 3136 94 7 that that WDT 3136 94 8 were be VBD 3136 94 9 widely widely RB 3136 94 10 used use VBN 3136 94 11 by by IN 3136 94 12 cataloging catalog VBG 3136 94 13 and and CC 3136 94 14 metadata metadata NN 3136 94 15 pro- pro- NN 3136 94 16 fessionals fessional NNS 3136 94 17 . . . 3136 95 1 Specifically specifically RB 3136 95 2 , , , 3136 95 3 84.2 84.2 CD 3136 95 4 percent percent NN 3136 95 5 of of IN 3136 95 6 the the DT 3136 95 7 respondents respondent NNS 3136 95 8 ’ ’ POS 3136 95 9 institutions institution NNS 3136 95 10 used use VBD 3136 95 11 MARC MARC NNPS 3136 95 12 ; ; : 3136 95 13 DC DC NNP 3136 95 14 was be VBD 3136 95 15 also also RB 3136 95 16 popular popular JJ 3136 95 17 , , , 3136 95 18 with with IN 3136 95 19 25.4 25.4 CD 3136 95 20 percent percent NN 3136 95 21 using use VBG 3136 95 22 Unqualified Unqualified NNP 3136 95 23 DC DC NNP 3136 95 24 and and CC 3136 95 25 40.6 40.6 CD 3136 95 26 percent percent NN 3136 95 27 using use VBG 3136 95 28 Qualified Qualified NNP 3136 95 29 DC DC NNP 3136 95 30 to to TO 3136 95 31 create create VB 3136 95 32 metadata metadata NN 3136 95 33 . . . 3136 96 1 EAD EAD NNP 3136 96 2 also also RB 3136 96 3 was be VBD 3136 96 4 frequently frequently RB 3136 96 5 cited cite VBN 3136 96 6 ( ( -LRB- 3136 96 7 31.7 31.7 CD 3136 96 8 percent percent NN 3136 96 9 ) ) -RRB- 3136 96 10 . . . 3136 97 1 In in IN 3136 97 2 addition addition NN 3136 97 3 to to IN 3136 97 4 these these DT 3136 97 5 major major JJ 3136 97 6 types type NNS 3136 97 7 of of IN 3136 97 8 metadata metadata NNP 3136 97 9 schemata schemata NNP 3136 97 10 , , , 3136 97 11 the the DT 3136 97 12 respondents respondent NNS 3136 97 13 ’ ’ POS 3136 97 14 institutions institution NNS 3136 97 15 also also RB 3136 97 16 employed employ VBD 3136 97 17 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 97 18 Object object NN 3136 97 19 Description description NN 3136 97 20 Schema Schema NNP 3136 97 21 ( ( -LRB- 3136 97 22 MODS MODS NNP 3136 97 23 ) ) -RRB- 3136 97 24 ( ( -LRB- 3136 97 25 17.8 17.8 CD 3136 97 26 percent percent NN 3136 97 27 ) ) -RRB- 3136 97 28 , , , 3136 97 29 Visual Visual NNP 3136 97 30 Resource Resource NNP 3136 97 31 Association Association NNP 3136 97 32 ( ( -LRB- 3136 97 33 VRA VRA NNP 3136 97 34 ) ) -RRB- 3136 97 35 Core core NN 3136 97 36 ( ( -LRB- 3136 97 37 14.9 14.9 CD 3136 97 38 percent percent NN 3136 97 39 ) ) -RRB- 3136 97 40 , , , 3136 97 41 and and CC 3136 97 42 Text Text NNP 3136 97 43 Encoding Encoding NNP 3136 97 44 Initiative Initiative NNP 3136 97 45 ( ( -LRB- 3136 97 46 TEI TEI NNP 3136 97 47 ) ) -RRB- 3136 97 48 ( ( -LRB- 3136 97 49 12.5 12.5 CD 3136 97 50 percent percent NN 3136 97 51 ) ) -RRB- 3136 97 52 . . . 3136 98 1 Figure figure NN 3136 98 2 1 1 CD 3136 98 3 . . . 3136 99 1 Materials material NNS 3136 99 2 / / SYM 3136 99 3 resources resource NNS 3136 99 4 handled handle VBD 3136 99 5 ( ( -LRB- 3136 99 6 multiple multiple JJ 3136 99 7 responses response NNS 3136 99 8 ) ) -RRB- 3136 99 9 Survey survey NN 3136 99 10 question question NN 3136 99 11 : : : 3136 99 12 what what WDT 3136 99 13 type type NN 3136 99 14 of of IN 3136 99 15 materials material NNS 3136 99 16 / / SYM 3136 99 17 resources resource NNS 3136 99 18 do do VBP 3136 99 19 you -PRON- PRP 3136 99 20 and and CC 3136 99 21 your -PRON- PRP$ 3136 99 22 fellow fellow JJ 3136 99 23 catalogers cataloger NNS 3136 99 24 / / SYM 3136 99 25 metadata metadata NNP 3136 99 26 librar- librar- NNP 3136 99 27 ians ians NNPS 3136 99 28 handle handle VBP 3136 99 29 ? ? . 3136 100 1 ( ( -LRB- 3136 100 2 please please UH 3136 100 3 check check VB 3136 100 4 all all PDT 3136 100 5 that that WDT 3136 100 6 apply apply VBP 3136 100 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 100 8 Figure figure NN 3136 100 9 2 2 CD 3136 100 10 . . . 3136 101 1 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 101 2 schemata schemata NN 3136 101 3 used use VBN 3136 101 4 ( ( -LRB- 3136 101 5 multiple multiple JJ 3136 101 6 responses response NNS 3136 101 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 101 8 Survey survey NN 3136 101 9 question question NN 3136 101 10 : : : 3136 101 11 which which WDT 3136 101 12 metadata metadata VBP 3136 101 13 schema(s schema(s '' 3136 101 14 ) ) -RRB- 3136 101 15 do do VBP 3136 101 16 you -PRON- PRP 3136 101 17 and and CC 3136 101 18 your -PRON- PRP$ 3136 101 19 fellow fellow JJ 3136 101 20 catalogers cataloger NNS 3136 101 21 / / SYM 3136 101 22 metadata metadata NN 3136 101 23 librarians librarian NNS 3136 101 24 use use VBP 3136 101 25 ? ? . 3136 102 1 ( ( -LRB- 3136 102 2 please please UH 3136 102 3 check check VB 3136 102 4 all all PDT 3136 102 5 that that WDT 3136 102 6 apply apply VBP 3136 102 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 102 8 MetADAtA MetADAtA NNP 3136 102 9 creAtioN creAtioN NNP 3136 102 10 prActices prActices NNP 3136 102 11 iN in IN 3136 102 12 DiGitAl digital NN 3136 102 13 repositories repository NNS 3136 102 14 AND and CC 3136 102 15 collectioNs collections CD 3136 102 16 | | NNS 3136 102 17 pArK pArK NNS 3136 102 18 AND and CC 3136 102 19 tosAKA tosaka NN 3136 102 20 109 109 CD 3136 102 21 custom custom NN 3136 102 22 metadata metadata NN 3136 102 23 elements element NNS 3136 102 24 derives derive VBZ 3136 102 25 from from IN 3136 102 26 the the DT 3136 102 27 imperative imperative NN 3136 102 28 to to TO 3136 102 29 accommodate accommodate VB 3136 102 30 the the DT 3136 102 31 perceived perceive VBN 3136 102 32 needs need NNS 3136 102 33 of of IN 3136 102 34 local local JJ 3136 102 35 collec- collec- NN 3136 102 36 tions tion NNS 3136 102 37 and and CC 3136 102 38 users user NNS 3136 102 39 , , , 3136 102 40 as as IN 3136 102 41 indicated indicate VBN 3136 102 42 by by IN 3136 102 43 the the DT 3136 102 44 two two CD 3136 102 45 most most RBS 3136 102 46 common common JJ 3136 102 47 responses response NNS 3136 102 48 : : : 3136 102 49 ( ( -LRB- 3136 102 50 1 1 LS 3136 102 51 ) ) -RRB- 3136 102 52 “ " `` 3136 102 53 to to TO 3136 102 54 reflect reflect VB 3136 102 55 the the DT 3136 102 56 nature nature NN 3136 102 57 of of IN 3136 102 58 local local JJ 3136 102 59 collec- collec- NN 3136 102 60 tions tion NNS 3136 102 61 / / SYM 3136 102 62 resources resource NNS 3136 102 63 ” " '' 3136 102 64 ( ( -LRB- 3136 102 65 76.9 76.9 CD 3136 102 66 percent percent NN 3136 102 67 ) ) -RRB- 3136 102 68 and and CC 3136 102 69 ( ( -LRB- 3136 102 70 2 2 LS 3136 102 71 ) ) -RRB- 3136 102 72 “ " `` 3136 102 73 to to TO 3136 102 74 reflect reflect VB 3136 102 75 the the DT 3136 102 76 characteristics characteristic NNS 3136 102 77 of of IN 3136 102 78 target target NN 3136 102 79 audience audience NN 3136 102 80 / / SYM 3136 102 81 community community NN 3136 102 82 of of IN 3136 102 83 local local JJ 3136 102 84 collections collection NNS 3136 102 85 ” " '' 3136 102 86 ( ( -LRB- 3136 102 87 58.3 58.3 CD 3136 102 88 percent percent NN 3136 102 89 ) ) -RRB- 3136 102 90 . . . 3136 103 1 Local local JJ 3136 103 2 conditions condition NNS 3136 103 3 were be VBD 3136 103 4 also also RB 3136 103 5 cited cite VBN 3136 103 6 from from IN 3136 103 7 institutional institutional JJ 3136 103 8 and and CC 3136 103 9 technical technical JJ 3136 103 10 standpoints standpoint NNS 3136 103 11 . . . 3136 104 1 Many many JJ 3136 104 2 institutions institution NNS 3136 104 3 ( ( -LRB- 3136 104 4 34.3 34.3 CD 3136 104 5 percent percent NN 3136 104 6 ) ) -RRB- 3136 104 7 follow follow VBP 3136 104 8 existing exist VBG 3136 104 9 local local JJ 3136 104 10 practices practice NNS 3136 104 11 for for IN 3136 104 12 cataloging cataloging NN 3136 104 13 and and CC 3136 104 14 metadata metadata NN 3136 104 15 creation creation NN 3136 104 16 while while IN 3136 104 17 other other JJ 3136 104 18 insti- insti- NN 3136 104 19 tutions tution NNS 3136 104 20 ( ( -LRB- 3136 104 21 18.5 18.5 CD 3136 104 22 percent percent NN 3136 104 23 ) ) -RRB- 3136 104 24 are be VBP 3136 104 25 making make VBG 3136 104 26 homegrown homegrown NNP 3136 104 27 metadata metadata NN 3136 104 28 additions addition NNS 3136 104 29 because because IN 3136 104 30 of of IN 3136 104 31 constraints constraint NNS 3136 104 32 imposed impose VBN 3136 104 33 by by IN 3136 104 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 104 35 local local JJ 3136 104 36 systems system NNS 3136 104 37 . . . 3136 105 1 Table table NN 3136 105 2 6 6 CD 3136 105 3 summarizes summarize VBZ 3136 105 4 the the DT 3136 105 5 most most RBS 3136 105 6 frequently frequently RB 3136 105 7 used use VBN 3136 105 8 con- con- NN 3136 105 9 trolled troll VBD 3136 105 10 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 105 11 schematas schemata NNS 3136 105 12 by by IN 3136 105 13 resource resource NN 3136 105 14 type type NN 3136 105 15 . . . 3136 106 1 By by IN 3136 106 2 far far RB 3136 106 3 the the DT 3136 106 4 most most RBS 3136 106 5 widely widely RB 3136 106 6 used use VBN 3136 106 7 schema schema NN 3136 106 8 across across IN 3136 106 9 all all DT 3136 106 10 resource resource NN 3136 106 11 types type NNS 3136 106 12 was be VBD 3136 106 13 LCSH LCSH NNP 3136 106 14 . . . 3136 107 1 The the DT 3136 107 2 preeminence preeminence NN 3136 107 3 of of IN 3136 107 4 LCSH LCSH NNP 3136 107 5 evinces evince VBZ 3136 107 6 the the DT 3136 107 7 criti- criti- NN 3136 107 8 cal cal NN 3136 107 9 role role NN 3136 107 10 that that IN 3136 107 11 it -PRON- PRP 3136 107 12 plays play VBZ 3136 107 13 as as IN 3136 107 14 the the DT 3136 107 15 de de FW 3136 107 16 facto facto FW 3136 107 17 form form NN 3136 107 18 of of IN 3136 107 19 controlled control VBN 3136 107 20 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 107 21 for for IN 3136 107 22 subject subject JJ 3136 107 23 description description NN 3136 107 24 . . . 3136 108 1 Library library NN 3136 108 2 of of IN 3136 108 3 Congress Congress NNP 3136 108 4 Classification Classification NNP 3136 108 5 ( ( -LRB- 3136 108 6 LCC LCC NNP 3136 108 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 108 8 was be VBD 3136 108 9 the the DT 3136 108 10 second second JJ 3136 108 11 choice choice NN 3136 108 12 for for IN 3136 108 13 all all DT 3136 108 14 resource resource NN 3136 108 15 types type NNS 3136 108 16 other other JJ 3136 108 17 than than IN 3136 108 18 images image NNS 3136 108 19 , , , 3136 108 20 cultural cultural JJ 3136 108 21 objects object NNS 3136 108 22 , , , 3136 108 23 and and CC 3136 108 24 archives archive NNS 3136 108 25 . . . 3136 109 1 For for IN 3136 109 2 digital digital JJ 3136 109 3 collections collection NNS 3136 109 4 of of IN 3136 109 5 these these DT 3136 109 6 resource resource NN 3136 109 7 types type NNS 3136 109 8 and and CC 3136 109 9 digitized digitized JJ 3136 109 10 resources resource NNS 3136 109 11 , , , 3136 109 12 AAT AAT NNP 3136 109 13 was be VBD 3136 109 14 the the DT 3136 109 15 second second JJ 3136 109 16 most most RBS 3136 109 17 used use VBN 3136 109 18 controlled control VBN 3136 109 19 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 109 20 , , , 3136 109 21 a a DT 3136 109 22 fact fact NN 3136 109 23 that that WDT 3136 109 24 reflects reflect VBZ 3136 109 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 3136 109 26 purpose purpose NN 3136 109 27 as as IN 3136 109 28 a a DT 3136 109 29 domain domain NN 3136 109 30 - - HYPH 3136 109 31 specific specific JJ 3136 109 32 terminology terminology NN 3136 109 33 used use VBN 3136 109 34 for for IN 3136 109 35 describing describe VBG 3136 109 36 works work NNS 3136 109 37 of of IN 3136 109 38 art art NN 3136 109 39 , , , 3136 109 40 architecture architecture NN 3136 109 41 , , , 3136 109 42 visual visual JJ 3136 109 43 resources resource NNS 3136 109 44 , , , 3136 109 45 material material NN 3136 109 46 culture culture NN 3136 109 47 , , , 3136 109 48 and and CC 3136 109 49 archival archival NN 3136 109 50 materials material NNS 3136 109 51 . . . 3136 110 1 While while IN 3136 110 2 traditional traditional JJ 3136 110 3 metadata metadata NN 3136 110 4 schemata schemata NNP 3136 110 5 , , , 3136 110 6 content content NN 3136 110 7 stan- stan- NN 3136 110 8 dards dard NNS 3136 110 9 , , , 3136 110 10 and and CC 3136 110 11 controlled control VBN 3136 110 12 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 3136 110 13 such such JJ 3136 110 14 as as IN 3136 110 15 MARC MARC NNP 3136 110 16 , , , 3136 110 17 AACR2 AACR2 NNP 3136 110 18 , , , 3136 110 19 and and CC 3136 110 20 LCSH LCSH NNP 3136 110 21 clearly clearly RB 3136 110 22 were be VBD 3136 110 23 preeminent preeminent JJ 3136 110 24 in in IN 3136 110 25 the the DT 3136 110 26 majority majority NN 3136 110 27 of of IN 3136 110 28 the the DT 3136 110 29 respondents respondent NNS 3136 110 30 ’ ’ POS 3136 110 31 institutions institution NNS 3136 110 32 , , , 3136 110 33 current current JJ 3136 110 34 meta- meta- JJ 3136 110 35 data data NN 3136 110 36 creation creation NN 3136 110 37 in in IN 3136 110 38 digital digital JJ 3136 110 39 repositories repository NNS 3136 110 40 and and CC 3136 110 41 collections collection NNS 3136 110 42 faces face VBZ 3136 110 43 new new JJ 3136 110 44 challenges challenge NNS 3136 110 45 from from IN 3136 110 46 the the DT 3136 110 47 enormous enormous JJ 3136 110 48 volume volume NN 3136 110 49 of of IN 3136 110 50 online online JJ 3136 110 51 and and CC 3136 110 52 digital digital JJ 3136 110 53 resources.19 resources.19 NNP 3136 110 54 Approximately approximately RB 3136 110 55 one one CD 3136 110 56 - - HYPH 3136 110 57 third third NN 3136 110 58 of of IN 3136 110 59 the the DT 3136 110 60 respondents respondent NNS 3136 110 61 ’ ’ POS 3136 110 62 institutions institution NNS 3136 110 63 ( ( -LRB- 3136 110 64 33.8 33.8 CD 3136 110 65 percent percent NN 3136 110 66 ) ) -RRB- 3136 110 67 were be VBD 3136 110 68 meeting meet VBG 3136 110 69 this this DT 3136 110 70 challenge challenge NN 3136 110 71 with with IN 3136 110 72 tools tool NNS 3136 110 73 for for IN 3136 110 74 semiautomatic semiautomatic JJ 3136 110 75 metadata metadata NN 3136 110 76 generation generation NN 3136 110 77 . . . 3136 111 1 Yet yet RB 3136 111 2 a a DT 3136 111 3 majority majority NN 3136 111 4 of of IN 3136 111 5 respondents respondent NNS 3136 111 6 ( ( -LRB- 3136 111 7 52.5 52.5 CD 3136 111 8 percent percent NN 3136 111 9 ) ) -RRB- 3136 111 10 indicated indicate VBD 3136 111 11 that that IN 3136 111 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 111 13 institutions institution NNS 3136 111 14 did do VBD 3136 111 15 not not RB 3136 111 16 use use VB 3136 111 17 any any DT 3136 111 18 such such JJ 3136 111 19 tools tool NNS 3136 111 20 for for IN 3136 111 21 metadata metadata NN 3136 111 22 creation creation NN 3136 111 23 and and CC 3136 111 24 management management NN 3136 111 25 . . . 3136 112 1 This this DT 3136 112 2 result result NN 3136 112 3 seems seem VBZ 3136 112 4 to to TO 3136 112 5 contrast contrast VB 3136 112 6 with with IN 3136 112 7 Ma Ma NNP 3136 112 8 ’s ’s POS 3136 112 9 finding find VBG 3136 112 10 that that DT 3136 112 11 automatic automatic JJ 3136 112 12 meta- meta- JJ 3136 112 13 data data NN 3136 112 14 generation generation NN 3136 112 15 was be VBD 3136 112 16 used use VBN 3136 112 17 in in IN 3136 112 18 some some DT 3136 112 19 capacity capacity NN 3136 112 20 in in IN 3136 112 21 nearly nearly RB 3136 112 22 by by IN 3136 112 23 OCLC oclc NN 3136 112 24 RLG rlg NN 3136 112 25 programs program NNS 3136 112 26 ( ( -LRB- 3136 112 27 as as IN 3136 112 28 described describe VBN 3136 112 29 in in IN 3136 112 30 “ " `` 3136 112 31 Literature Literature NNP 3136 112 32 Review Review NNP 3136 112 33 ” " '' 3136 112 34 on on IN 3136 112 35 page page NN 3136 112 36 105).16 105).16 CD 3136 112 37 In in IN 3136 112 38 these these DT 3136 112 39 surveys survey NNS 3136 112 40 , , , 3136 112 41 Unqualified Unqualified NNP 3136 112 42 DC DC NNP 3136 112 43 was be VBD 3136 112 44 more more RBR 3136 112 45 frequently frequently RB 3136 112 46 cited cite VBN 3136 112 47 than than IN 3136 112 48 Qualified Qualified NNP 3136 112 49 DC DC NNP 3136 112 50 . . . 3136 113 1 One one CD 3136 113 2 pos- pos- JJ 3136 113 3 sible sible JJ 3136 113 4 explanation explanation NN 3136 113 5 of of IN 3136 113 6 this this DT 3136 113 7 less less RBR 3136 113 8 frequent frequent JJ 3136 113 9 use use NN 3136 113 10 of of IN 3136 113 11 Unqualified unqualified JJ 3136 113 12 DC DC NNP 3136 113 13 may may MD 3136 113 14 lie lie VB 3136 113 15 in in IN 3136 113 16 the the DT 3136 113 17 limitations limitation NNS 3136 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NNS 3136 114 30 of of IN 3136 114 31 Unqualified unqualified JJ 3136 114 32 DC DC NNP 3136 114 33 metadata metadata NN 3136 114 34 semantics semantic NNS 3136 114 35 are be VBP 3136 114 36 discussed discuss VBN 3136 114 37 in in IN 3136 114 38 depth depth NN 3136 114 39 in in IN 3136 114 40 Park Park NNP 3136 114 41 ’s ’s NNP 3136 114 42 study.18 study.18 NNP 3136 114 43 In in IN 3136 114 44 light light NN 3136 114 45 of of IN 3136 114 46 these these DT 3136 114 47 results result NNS 3136 114 48 , , , 3136 114 49 examin- examin- NN 3136 114 50 ing e VBG 3136 114 51 trends trend NNS 3136 114 52 of of IN 3136 114 53 Qualified Qualified NNP 3136 114 54 DC DC NNP 3136 114 55 use use NN 3136 114 56 in in IN 3136 114 57 a a DT 3136 114 58 future future JJ 3136 114 59 study study NN 3136 114 60 would would MD 3136 114 61 be be VB 3136 114 62 interesting interesting JJ 3136 114 63 . . . 3136 115 1 Despite despite IN 3136 115 2 the the DT 3136 115 3 wide wide JJ 3136 115 4 variety variety NN 3136 115 5 of of IN 3136 115 6 schemata schemata NNP 3136 115 7 reported report VBN 3136 115 8 in in IN 3136 115 9 use use NN 3136 115 10 , , , 3136 115 11 there there EX 3136 115 12 seemed seem VBD 3136 115 13 to to TO 3136 115 14 be be VB 3136 115 15 an an DT 3136 115 16 inclination inclination NN 3136 115 17 to to TO 3136 115 18 use use VB 3136 115 19 only only RB 3136 115 20 one one CD 3136 115 21 or or CC 3136 115 22 two two CD 3136 115 23 metadata metadata NN 3136 115 24 schemata schemata NN 3136 115 25 for for IN 3136 115 26 resource resource NN 3136 115 27 description description NN 3136 115 28 . . . 3136 116 1 As as IN 3136 116 2 shown show VBN 3136 116 3 in in IN 3136 116 4 table table NN 3136 116 5 5 5 CD 3136 116 6 , , , 3136 116 7 the the DT 3136 116 8 majority majority NN 3136 116 9 of of IN 3136 116 10 the the DT 3136 116 11 respondents respondent NNS 3136 116 12 ’ ’ POS 3136 116 13 institutions institution NNS 3136 116 14 ( ( -LRB- 3136 116 15 53.6 53.6 CD 3136 116 16 percent percent NN 3136 116 17 ) ) -RRB- 3136 116 18 used use VBD 3136 116 19 only only RB 3136 116 20 one one CD 3136 116 21 schema schema NN 3136 116 22 for for IN 3136 116 23 metadata metadata NN 3136 116 24 creation creation NN 3136 116 25 , , , 3136 116 26 while while IN 3136 116 27 approximately approximately RB 3136 116 28 37 37 CD 3136 116 29 percent percent NN 3136 116 30 used use VBD 3136 116 31 two two CD 3136 116 32 or or CC 3136 116 33 three three CD 3136 116 34 sche- sche- NN 3136 116 35 mata mata NNP 3136 116 36 ( ( -LRB- 3136 116 37 26.2 26.2 CD 3136 116 38 percent percent NN 3136 116 39 and and CC 3136 116 40 10.3 10.3 CD 3136 116 41 percent percent NN 3136 116 42 , , , 3136 116 43 respectively respectively RB 3136 116 44 ) ) -RRB- 3136 116 45 . . . 3136 117 1 The the DT 3136 117 2 institutions institution NNS 3136 117 3 using use VBG 3136 117 4 more more JJR 3136 117 5 than than IN 3136 117 6 three three CD 3136 117 7 schemata schema NNS 3136 117 8 during during IN 3136 117 9 the the DT 3136 117 10 metadata metadata NN 3136 117 11 - - HYPH 3136 117 12 creation creation NN 3136 117 13 processes process NNS 3136 117 14 comprised comprise VBD 3136 117 15 only only RB 3136 117 16 9.9 9.9 CD 3136 117 17 percent percent NN 3136 117 18 of of IN 3136 117 19 the the DT 3136 117 20 respondents respondent NNS 3136 117 21 . . . 3136 118 1 Turning turn VBG 3136 118 2 to to IN 3136 118 3 content content NN 3136 118 4 standards standard NNS 3136 118 5 ( ( -LRB- 3136 118 6 see see VB 3136 118 7 figure figure NNP 3136 118 8 3 3 CD 3136 118 9 ) ) -RRB- 3136 118 10 , , , 3136 118 11 we -PRON- PRP 3136 118 12 found find VBD 3136 118 13 that that IN 3136 118 14 AACR2 AACR2 NNP 3136 118 15 was be VBD 3136 118 16 the the DT 3136 118 17 most most RBS 3136 118 18 widely widely RB 3136 118 19 used use VBN 3136 118 20 standard standard NN 3136 118 21 , , , 3136 118 22 indi- indi- NNP 3136 118 23 cated cat VBN 3136 118 24 by by IN 3136 118 25 84.5 84.5 CD 3136 118 26 percent percent NN 3136 118 27 of of IN 3136 118 28 respondents respondent NNS 3136 118 29 . . . 3136 119 1 This this DT 3136 119 2 high high JJ 3136 119 3 percentage percentage NN 3136 119 4 clearly clearly RB 3136 119 5 reflects reflect VBZ 3136 119 6 the the DT 3136 119 7 continuing continue VBG 3136 119 8 preeminence preeminence NN 3136 119 9 of of IN 3136 119 10 MARC MARC NNP 3136 119 11 as as IN 3136 119 12 the the DT 3136 119 13 metadata metadata NN 3136 119 14 schema schema NN 3136 119 15 of of IN 3136 119 16 choice choice NN 3136 119 17 for for IN 3136 119 18 digital digital JJ 3136 119 19 collections collection NNS 3136 119 20 . . . 3136 120 1 DC DC NNP 3136 120 2 application application NN 3136 120 3 profiles profile NNS 3136 120 4 also also RB 3136 120 5 showed show VBD 3136 120 6 a a DT 3136 120 7 large large JJ 3136 120 8 user user NN 3136 120 9 base base NN 3136 120 10 , , , 3136 120 11 indicated indicate VBN 3136 120 12 by by IN 3136 120 13 more more JJR 3136 120 14 than than IN 3136 120 15 one one CD 3136 120 16 - - HYPH 3136 120 17 third third NN 3136 120 18 of of IN 3136 120 19 respondents respondent NNS 3136 120 20 ( ( -LRB- 3136 120 21 37.0 37.0 CD 3136 120 22 percent percent NN 3136 120 23 ) ) -RRB- 3136 120 24 . . . 3136 121 1 More More JJR 3136 121 2 than than IN 3136 121 3 one one CD 3136 121 4 quarter quarter NN 3136 121 5 of of IN 3136 121 6 the the DT 3136 121 7 respondents respondent NNS 3136 121 8 ( ( -LRB- 3136 121 9 28.4 28.4 CD 3136 121 10 percent percent NN 3136 121 11 ) ) -RRB- 3136 121 12 used use VBD 3136 121 13 EAD EAD NNP 3136 121 14 application application NN 3136 121 15 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 121 16 as as IN 3136 121 17 developed develop VBN 3136 121 18 by by IN 3136 121 19 the the DT 3136 121 20 Society Society NNP 3136 121 21 of of IN 3136 121 22 American American NNP 3136 121 23 Archivists Archivists NNPS 3136 121 24 and and CC 3136 121 25 the the DT 3136 121 26 Library Library NNP 3136 121 27 of of IN 3136 121 28 Congress Congress NNP 3136 121 29 , , , 3136 121 30 while while IN 3136 121 31 10.6 10.6 CD 3136 121 32 percent percent NN 3136 121 33 used use VBD 3136 121 34 RLG RLG NNP 3136 121 35 Best Best NNP 3136 121 36 Practice practice NN 3136 121 37 Guidelines guideline NNS 3136 121 38 for for IN 3136 121 39 Encoded encoded JJ 3136 121 40 Archival Archival NNP 3136 121 41 Description Description NNP 3136 121 42 ( ( -LRB- 3136 121 43 2002 2002 CD 3136 121 44 ) ) -RRB- 3136 121 45 . . . 3136 122 1 About about RB 3136 122 2 one one CD 3136 122 3 quarter quarter NN 3136 122 4 ( ( -LRB- 3136 122 5 25.7 25.7 CD 3136 122 6 percent percent NN 3136 122 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 122 8 indicated indicate VBD 3136 122 9 DACS dac NNS 3136 122 10 as as IN 3136 122 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 122 12 content content NN 3136 122 13 standard standard NN 3136 122 14 . . . 3136 123 1 Homegrown Homegrown NNP 3136 123 2 standards standard NNS 3136 123 3 and and CC 3136 123 4 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 123 5 are be VBP 3136 123 6 local local JJ 3136 123 7 appli- appli- NNP 3136 123 8 cation cation NNP 3136 123 9 profiles profile NNS 3136 123 10 that that WDT 3136 123 11 clarify clarify VBP 3136 123 12 existing exist VBG 3136 123 13 content content NN 3136 123 14 standards standard NNS 3136 123 15 and and CC 3136 123 16 specify specify VB 3136 123 17 how how WRB 3136 123 18 values value NNS 3136 123 19 for for IN 3136 123 20 metadata metadata NN 3136 123 21 elements element NNS 3136 123 22 are be VBP 3136 123 23 selected select VBN 3136 123 24 and and CC 3136 123 25 represented represent VBN 3136 123 26 to to TO 3136 123 27 meet meet VB 3136 123 28 the the DT 3136 123 29 requirements requirement NNS 3136 123 30 of of IN 3136 123 31 a a DT 3136 123 32 particular particular JJ 3136 123 33 context context NN 3136 123 34 . . . 3136 124 1 As as IN 3136 124 2 shown show VBN 3136 124 3 in in IN 3136 124 4 the the DT 3136 124 5 results result NNS 3136 124 6 on on IN 3136 124 7 metadata metadata NNP 3136 124 8 schemata schemata NNP 3136 124 9 , , , 3136 124 10 it -PRON- PRP 3136 124 11 is be VBZ 3136 124 12 noteworthy noteworthy JJ 3136 124 13 that that WDT 3136 124 14 homegrown homegrown VBD 3136 124 15 content content NN 3136 124 16 standards standard NNS 3136 124 17 and and CC 3136 124 18 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 124 19 constituted constitute VBD 3136 124 20 one one CD 3136 124 21 of of IN 3136 124 22 the the DT 3136 124 23 major major JJ 3136 124 24 choices choice NNS 3136 124 25 of of IN 3136 124 26 partici- partici- NN 3136 124 27 pants pant NNS 3136 124 28 , , , 3136 124 29 indicated indicate VBN 3136 124 30 by by IN 3136 124 31 more more JJR 3136 124 32 than than IN 3136 124 33 one one CD 3136 124 34 - - HYPH 3136 124 35 fifth fifth NN 3136 124 36 of of IN 3136 124 37 the the DT 3136 124 38 institutions institution NNS 3136 124 39 ( ( -LRB- 3136 124 40 22.1 22.1 CD 3136 124 41 percent percent NN 3136 124 42 ) ) -RRB- 3136 124 43 . . . 3136 125 1 Almost almost RB 3136 125 2 two two CD 3136 125 3 - - HYPH 3136 125 4 fifths fifth NNS 3136 125 5 of of IN 3136 125 6 the the DT 3136 125 7 survey survey NN 3136 125 8 partici- partici- NNP 3136 125 9 pants pants NNP 3136 125 10 ( ( -LRB- 3136 125 11 38 38 CD 3136 125 12 percent percent NN 3136 125 13 ) ) -RRB- 3136 125 14 also also RB 3136 125 15 reported report VBD 3136 125 16 that that IN 3136 125 17 they -PRON- PRP 3136 125 18 add add VBP 3136 125 19 homegrown homegrown JJ 3136 125 20 metadata metadata NN 3136 125 21 elements element NNS 3136 125 22 to to IN 3136 125 23 a a DT 3136 125 24 given give VBN 3136 125 25 metadata metadata NN 3136 125 26 schema schema NN 3136 125 27 . . . 3136 126 1 Slightly slightly RB 3136 126 2 less less JJR 3136 126 3 than than IN 3136 126 4 half half NN 3136 126 5 of of IN 3136 126 6 the the DT 3136 126 7 participants participant NNS 3136 126 8 ( ( -LRB- 3136 126 9 47.2 47.2 CD 3136 126 10 percent percent NN 3136 126 11 ) ) -RRB- 3136 126 12 indicated indicate VBD 3136 126 13 otherwise otherwise RB 3136 126 14 . . . 3136 127 1 The the DT 3136 127 2 local local JJ 3136 127 3 practice practice NN 3136 127 4 of of IN 3136 127 5 creating create VBG 3136 127 6 homegrown homegrown NNP 3136 127 7 content content JJ 3136 127 8 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 127 9 and and CC 3136 127 10 metadata metadata NN 3136 127 11 elements element NNS 3136 127 12 during during IN 3136 127 13 the the DT 3136 127 14 metadata- metadata- JJ 3136 127 15 creation creation NN 3136 127 16 process process NN 3136 127 17 deserves deserve VBZ 3136 127 18 a a DT 3136 127 19 separate separate JJ 3136 127 20 study study NN 3136 127 21 ; ; : 3136 127 22 this this DT 3136 127 23 study study NN 3136 127 24 only only RB 3136 127 25 briefly briefly RB 3136 127 26 touches touch VBZ 3136 127 27 on on IN 3136 127 28 the the DT 3136 127 29 basis basis NN 3136 127 30 for for IN 3136 127 31 locally locally RB 3136 127 32 added add VBN 3136 127 33 custom custom NN 3136 127 34 metadata metadata NN 3136 127 35 elements element NNS 3136 127 36 . . . 3136 128 1 The the DT 3136 128 2 motivation motivation NN 3136 128 3 to to TO 3136 128 4 create create VB 3136 128 5 Table table NN 3136 128 6 5 5 CD 3136 128 7 . . . 3136 129 1 Number number NN 3136 129 2 of of IN 3136 129 3 metadata metadata NN 3136 129 4 schemata schemata NN 3136 129 5 in in IN 3136 129 6 use use NN 3136 129 7 Number Number NNP 3136 129 8 of of IN 3136 129 9 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 129 10 Schemata Schemata NNP 3136 129 11 in in IN 3136 129 12 Use Use NNP 3136 129 13 Number Number NNP 3136 129 14 of of IN 3136 129 15 Participants participant NNS 3136 129 16 1 1 CD 3136 129 17 141 141 CD 3136 129 18 ( ( -LRB- 3136 129 19 53.6 53.6 CD 3136 129 20 % % NN 3136 129 21 ) ) -RRB- 3136 129 22 2 2 CD 3136 129 23 69 69 CD 3136 129 24 ( ( -LRB- 3136 129 25 26.2 26.2 CD 3136 129 26 % % NN 3136 129 27 ) ) -RRB- 3136 129 28 3 3 CD 3136 129 29 27 27 CD 3136 129 30 ( ( -LRB- 3136 129 31 10.3 10.3 CD 3136 129 32 % % NN 3136 129 33 ) ) -RRB- 3136 129 34 4 4 CD 3136 129 35 or or CC 3136 129 36 more more JJR 3136 129 37 26 26 CD 3136 129 38 ( ( -LRB- 3136 129 39 9.9 9.9 CD 3136 129 40 % % NN 3136 129 41 ) ) -RRB- 3136 129 42 N=263 n=263 RB 3136 129 43 . . . 3136 130 1 Survey survey NN 3136 130 2 question question NN 3136 130 3 : : : 3136 130 4 which which WDT 3136 130 5 metadata metadata VBP 3136 130 6 schema(s schema(s '' 3136 130 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 130 8 do do VBP 3136 130 9 you -PRON- PRP 3136 130 10 and and CC 3136 130 11 your -PRON- PRP$ 3136 130 12 fellow fellow JJ 3136 130 13 catalogers cataloger NNS 3136 130 14 / / SYM 3136 130 15 metadata metadata NN 3136 130 16 librarians librarian NNS 3136 130 17 use use VBP 3136 130 18 the the DT 3136 130 19 most most JJS 3136 130 20 ? ? . 3136 131 1 ( ( -LRB- 3136 131 2 please please UH 3136 131 3 check check VB 3136 131 4 all all PDT 3136 131 5 that that WDT 3136 131 6 apply apply VBP 3136 131 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 131 8 110 110 CD 3136 131 9 iNForMAtioN information ADD 3136 131 10 tecHNoloGY tecHNoloGY NNP 3136 131 11 AND and CC 3136 131 12 liBrAries library NNS 3136 131 13 | | JJ 3136 131 14 septeMBer september VBP 3136 131 15 2010 2010 CD 3136 131 16 criteria criterion NNS 3136 131 17 for for IN 3136 131 18 selecting select VBG 3136 131 19 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 131 20 and and CC 3136 131 21 controlled control VBN 3136 131 22 Vocabulary Vocabulary NNP 3136 131 23 schemata schemata NN 3136 131 24 What what WP 3136 131 25 are be VBP 3136 131 26 the the DT 3136 131 27 factors factor NNS 3136 131 28 that that WDT 3136 131 29 have have VBP 3136 131 30 shaped shape VBN 3136 131 31 the the DT 3136 131 32 current current JJ 3136 131 33 state state NN 3136 131 34 of of IN 3136 131 35 metadata metadata NN 3136 131 36 - - HYPH 3136 131 37 creation creation NN 3136 131 38 practices practice NNS 3136 131 39 reported report VBN 3136 131 40 thus thus RB 3136 131 41 far far RB 3136 131 42 ? ? . 3136 132 1 In in IN 3136 132 2 this this DT 3136 132 3 section section NN 3136 132 4 , , , 3136 132 5 we -PRON- PRP 3136 132 6 turn turn VBP 3136 132 7 our -PRON- PRP$ 3136 132 8 attention attention NN 3136 132 9 to to IN 3136 132 10 constraints constraint NNS 3136 132 11 that that WDT 3136 132 12 affect affect VBP 3136 132 13 decision decision NN 3136 132 14 making make VBG 3136 132 15 at at IN 3136 132 16 institutions institution NNS 3136 132 17 in in IN 3136 132 18 the the DT 3136 132 19 selection selection NN 3136 132 20 of of IN 3136 132 21 meta- meta- JJ 3136 132 22 data datum NNS 3136 132 23 and and CC 3136 132 24 controlled control VBN 3136 132 25 vocabulary vocabulary JJ 3136 132 26 schemata schemata NN 3136 132 27 for for IN 3136 132 28 subject subject JJ 3136 132 29 description description NN 3136 132 30 . . . 3136 133 1 Figure figure NN 3136 133 2 4 4 CD 3136 133 3 presents present VBZ 3136 133 4 the the DT 3136 133 5 percentage percentage NN 3136 133 6 of of IN 3136 133 7 different different JJ 3136 133 8 metadata metadata NN 3136 133 9 schemata schemata NNP 3136 133 10 selection selection NN 3136 133 11 criteria criterion NNS 3136 133 12 described describe VBN 3136 133 13 by by IN 3136 133 14 survey survey NN 3136 133 15 par- par- NN 3136 133 16 ticipants ticipant NNS 3136 133 17 . . . 3136 134 1 First first RB 3136 134 2 , , , 3136 134 3 collection collection NN 3136 134 4 - - HYPH 3136 134 5 specific specific JJ 3136 134 6 considerations consideration NNS 3136 134 7 clearly clearly RB 3136 134 8 played play VBD 3136 134 9 a a DT 3136 134 10 major major JJ 3136 134 11 role role NN 3136 134 12 in in IN 3136 134 13 the the DT 3136 134 14 selection selection NN 3136 134 15 . . . 3136 135 1 The the DT 3136 135 2 most most RBS 3136 135 3 frequently frequently RB 3136 135 4 cited cite VBN 3136 135 5 reason reason NN 3136 135 6 was be VBD 3136 135 7 “ " `` 3136 135 8 types type NNS 3136 135 9 of of IN 3136 135 10 resources resource NNS 3136 135 11 ” " '' 3136 135 12 ( ( -LRB- 3136 135 13 60.4 60.4 CD 3136 135 14 percent percent NN 3136 135 15 ) ) -RRB- 3136 135 16 . . . 3136 136 1 This this DT 3136 136 2 response response NN 3136 136 3 reflects reflect VBZ 3136 136 4 the the DT 3136 136 5 fact fact NN 3136 136 6 that that IN 3136 136 7 a a DT 3136 136 8 large large JJ 3136 136 9 number number NN 3136 136 10 of of IN 3136 136 11 metadata metadata NN 3136 136 12 schemata schemata NNP 3136 136 13 have have VBP 3136 136 14 been be VBN 3136 136 15 developed develop VBN 3136 136 16 , , , 3136 136 17 often often RB 3136 136 18 with with IN 3136 136 19 wide wide JJ 3136 136 20 varia- varia- NN 3136 136 21 tion tion NN 3136 136 22 in in IN 3136 136 23 content content NN 3136 136 24 and and CC 3136 136 25 format format NN 3136 136 26 , , , 3136 136 27 to to TO 3136 136 28 better well RBR 3136 136 29 handle handle VB 3136 136 30 particular particular JJ 3136 136 31 two two CD 3136 136 32 - - HYPH 3136 136 33 thirds third NNS 3136 136 34 of of IN 3136 136 35 ARL ARL NNP 3136 136 36 libraries.20 libraries.20 NNP 3136 136 37 Because because IN 3136 136 38 semiautomatic semiautomatic JJ 3136 136 39 metadata metadata NN 3136 136 40 application application NN 3136 136 41 is be VBZ 3136 136 42 reported report VBN 3136 136 43 in in IN 3136 136 44 - - HYPH 3136 136 45 depth depth NN 3136 136 46 in in IN 3136 136 47 a a DT 3136 136 48 separate separate JJ 3136 136 49 study study NN 3136 136 50 , , , 3136 136 51 we -PRON- PRP 3136 136 52 only only RB 3136 136 53 briefly briefly RB 3136 136 54 sketch sketch VBP 3136 136 55 the the DT 3136 136 56 topic topic NN 3136 136 57 here.21 here.21 NNP 3136 136 58 The the DT 3136 136 59 semiautomatic semiautomatic JJ 3136 136 60 metadata metadata NN 3136 136 61 application application NN 3136 136 62 tools tool NNS 3136 136 63 used use VBN 3136 136 64 in in IN 3136 136 65 the the DT 3136 136 66 respondents respondent NNS 3136 136 67 ’ ’ POS 3136 136 68 digital digital JJ 3136 136 69 reposi- reposi- JJ 3136 136 70 tories tory NNS 3136 136 71 and and CC 3136 136 72 collections collection NNS 3136 136 73 can can MD 3136 136 74 be be VB 3136 136 75 classified classify VBN 3136 136 76 into into IN 3136 136 77 five five CD 3136 136 78 categories category NNS 3136 136 79 of of IN 3136 136 80 common common JJ 3136 136 81 characteristics characteristic NNS 3136 136 82 : : : 3136 136 83 ( ( -LRB- 3136 136 84 1 1 LS 3136 136 85 ) ) -RRB- 3136 136 86 metadata metadata NN 3136 136 87 format format NN 3136 136 88 conver- conver- NN 3136 136 89 sion sion NN 3136 136 90 , , , 3136 136 91 ( ( -LRB- 3136 136 92 2 2 LS 3136 136 93 ) ) -RRB- 3136 136 94 templates template NNS 3136 136 95 and and CC 3136 136 96 editors editor NNS 3136 136 97 for for IN 3136 136 98 metadata metadata NN 3136 136 99 creation creation NN 3136 136 100 , , , 3136 136 101 ( ( -LRB- 3136 136 102 3 3 LS 3136 136 103 ) ) -RRB- 3136 136 104 automatic automatic JJ 3136 136 105 metadata metadata NN 3136 136 106 creation creation NN 3136 136 107 , , , 3136 136 108 ( ( -LRB- 3136 136 109 4 4 LS 3136 136 110 ) ) -RRB- 3136 136 111 library library NN 3136 136 112 system system NN 3136 136 113 for for IN 3136 136 114 bibliographic bibliographic NN 3136 136 115 and and CC 3136 136 116 authority authority NN 3136 136 117 control control NN 3136 136 118 , , , 3136 136 119 and and CC 3136 136 120 ( ( -LRB- 3136 136 121 5 5 LS 3136 136 122 ) ) -RRB- 3136 136 123 metadata metadata NN 3136 136 124 harvesting harvesting NN 3136 136 125 and and CC 3136 136 126 importing import VBG 3136 136 127 tools tool NNS 3136 136 128 . . . 3136 137 1 As as IN 3136 137 2 table table NN 3136 137 3 7 7 CD 3136 137 4 illustrates illustrate NNS 3136 137 5 , , , 3136 137 6 among among IN 3136 137 7 those those DT 3136 137 8 institutions institution NNS 3136 137 9 that that WDT 3136 137 10 have have VBP 3136 137 11 introduced introduce VBN 3136 137 12 semiautomatic semiautomatic JJ 3136 137 13 metadata metadata NN 3136 137 14 generation generation NN 3136 137 15 tools tool NNS 3136 137 16 , , , 3136 137 17 “ " `` 3136 137 18 metadata metadata NNP 3136 137 19 format format NN 3136 137 20 conversion conversion NN 3136 137 21 ” " '' 3136 137 22 ( ( -LRB- 3136 137 23 38.6 38.6 CD 3136 137 24 percent percent NN 3136 137 25 ) ) -RRB- 3136 137 26 and and CC 3136 137 27 “ " `` 3136 137 28 templates template NNS 3136 137 29 and and CC 3136 137 30 editors editor NNS 3136 137 31 for for IN 3136 137 32 metadata metadata NN 3136 137 33 creation creation NN 3136 137 34 ” " '' 3136 137 35 ( ( -LRB- 3136 137 36 27 27 CD 3136 137 37 per- per- NN 3136 137 38 cent cent NN 3136 137 39 ) ) -RRB- 3136 137 40 are be VBP 3136 137 41 the the DT 3136 137 42 two two CD 3136 137 43 most most RBS 3136 137 44 frequently frequently RB 3136 137 45 cited cite VBN 3136 137 46 tools tool NNS 3136 137 47 . . . 3136 138 1 Figure figure NN 3136 138 2 3 3 CD 3136 138 3 . . . 3136 139 1 Content content NN 3136 139 2 standards standard NNS 3136 139 3 used use VBN 3136 139 4 ( ( -LRB- 3136 139 5 multiple multiple JJ 3136 139 6 responses response NNS 3136 139 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 139 8 Survey survey NN 3136 139 9 question question NN 3136 139 10 : : : 3136 139 11 what what WDT 3136 139 12 content content NN 3136 139 13 standard(s standard(s NNP 3136 139 14 ) ) -RRB- 3136 139 15 and/or and/or CC 3136 139 16 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 139 17 do do VBP 3136 139 18 you -PRON- PRP 3136 139 19 and and CC 3136 139 20 your -PRON- PRP$ 3136 139 21 fellow fellow JJ 3136 139 22 catalogers cataloger NNS 3136 139 23 / / SYM 3136 139 24 metadata metadata NN 3136 139 25 librarians librarian NNS 3136 139 26 use use VBP 3136 139 27 ? ? . 3136 140 1 ( ( -LRB- 3136 140 2 please please UH 3136 140 3 check check VB 3136 140 4 all all PDT 3136 140 5 that that WDT 3136 140 6 apply apply VBP 3136 140 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 140 8 MetADAtA MetADAtA NNP 3136 140 9 creAtioN creAtioN NNP 3136 140 10 prActices prActices NNP 3136 140 11 iN in IN 3136 140 12 DiGitAl digital NN 3136 140 13 repositories repository NNS 3136 140 14 AND and CC 3136 140 15 collectioNs collections CD 3136 140 16 | | NNS 3136 140 17 pArK pArK NNS 3136 140 18 AND and CC 3136 140 19 tosAKA tosaka NN 3136 140 20 111 111 CD 3136 140 21 job job NN 3136 140 22 responsibility responsibility NN 3136 140 23 , , , 3136 140 24 “ " `` 3136 140 25 expertise expertise NN 3136 140 26 of of IN 3136 140 27 staff staff NN 3136 140 28 ” " '' 3136 140 29 ( ( -LRB- 3136 140 30 44.2 44.2 CD 3136 140 31 percent percent NN 3136 140 32 ) ) -RRB- 3136 140 33 and and CC 3136 140 34 “ " `` 3136 140 35 integrated integrated JJ 3136 140 36 library library NN 3136 140 37 system system NN 3136 140 38 ” " '' 3136 140 39 ( ( -LRB- 3136 140 40 39.9 39.9 CD 3136 140 41 percent percent NN 3136 140 42 ) ) -RRB- 3136 140 43 appeared appear VBD 3136 140 44 to to TO 3136 140 45 highlight highlight VB 3136 140 46 the the DT 3136 140 47 key key JJ 3136 140 48 role role NN 3136 140 49 that that WDT 3136 140 50 MARC MARC NNP 3136 140 51 continues continue VBZ 3136 140 52 to to TO 3136 140 53 play play VB 3136 140 54 in in IN 3136 140 55 the the DT 3136 140 56 metadata metadata NN 3136 140 57 - - HYPH 3136 140 58 creation creation NN 3136 140 59 process process NN 3136 140 60 for for IN 3136 140 61 digital digital JJ 3136 140 62 collections collection NNS 3136 140 63 ( ( -LRB- 3136 140 64 see see VB 3136 140 65 fig- fig- NNP 3136 140 66 ure ure NNP 3136 140 67 2 2 CD 3136 140 68 ) ) -RRB- 3136 140 69 . . . 3136 141 1 “ " `` 3136 141 2 Budget Budget NNP 3136 141 3 ” " '' 3136 141 4 also also RB 3136 141 5 appeared appear VBD 3136 141 6 to to TO 3136 141 7 be be VB 3136 141 8 an an DT 3136 141 9 important important JJ 3136 141 10 factor factor NN 3136 141 11 in in IN 3136 141 12 metadata metadata NN 3136 141 13 selection selection NN 3136 141 14 ( ( -LRB- 3136 141 15 17.2 17.2 CD 3136 141 16 percent percent NN 3136 141 17 ) ) -RRB- 3136 141 18 , , , 3136 141 19 showing show VBG 3136 141 20 that that IN 3136 141 21 funding funding NN 3136 141 22 levels level NNS 3136 141 23 played play VBD 3136 141 24 a a DT 3136 141 25 considerable considerable JJ 3136 141 26 role role NN 3136 141 27 in in IN 3136 141 28 metadata metadata NN 3136 141 29 decisions decision NNS 3136 141 30 . . . 3136 142 1 types type NNS 3136 142 2 of of IN 3136 142 3 information information NN 3136 142 4 resources resource NNS 3136 142 5 . . . 3136 143 1 The the DT 3136 143 2 primary primary JJ 3136 143 3 factor factor NN 3136 143 4 in in IN 3136 143 5 selecting select VBG 3136 143 6 metadata metadata NNP 3136 143 7 schemata schemata NNP 3136 143 8 is be VBZ 3136 143 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 143 10 suit- suit- JJ 3136 143 11 ability ability NN 3136 143 12 for for IN 3136 143 13 describing describe VBG 3136 143 14 the the DT 3136 143 15 most most RBS 3136 143 16 common common JJ 3136 143 17 type type NN 3136 143 18 of of IN 3136 143 19 resources resource NNS 3136 143 20 han- han- NN 3136 143 21 dled dle VBN 3136 143 22 by by IN 3136 143 23 the the DT 3136 143 24 survey survey NN 3136 143 25 participants participant NNS 3136 143 26 . . . 3136 144 1 The the DT 3136 144 2 second second JJ 3136 144 3 and and CC 3136 144 4 third third JJ 3136 144 5 most most RBS 3136 144 6 common common JJ 3136 144 7 criteria criterion NNS 3136 144 8 , , , 3136 144 9 “ " `` 3136 144 10 target target VB 3136 144 11 users/ users/ NN 3136 144 12 audience audience NN 3136 144 13 ” " '' 3136 144 14 ( ( -LRB- 3136 144 15 49.8 49.8 CD 3136 144 16 percent percent NN 3136 144 17 ) ) -RRB- 3136 144 18 and and CC 3136 144 19 “ " `` 3136 144 20 subject subject JJ 3136 144 21 matters matter NNS 3136 144 22 of of IN 3136 144 23 resources resource NNS 3136 144 24 ” " '' 3136 144 25 ( ( -LRB- 3136 144 26 46.9 46.9 CD 3136 144 27 percent percent NN 3136 144 28 ) ) -RRB- 3136 144 29 , , , 3136 144 30 also also RB 3136 144 31 seem seem VBP 3136 144 32 to to TO 3136 144 33 reflect reflect VB 3136 144 34 how how WRB 3136 144 35 domain domain NN 3136 144 36 - - HYPH 3136 144 37 specific specific JJ 3136 144 38 metadata metadata NN 3136 144 39 schemata schema NNS 3136 144 40 are be VBP 3136 144 41 applied apply VBN 3136 144 42 . . . 3136 145 1 In in IN 3136 145 2 making make VBG 3136 145 3 decisions decision NNS 3136 145 4 on on IN 3136 145 5 meta- meta- NNP 3136 145 6 data data NNP 3136 145 7 schemata schemata NNP 3136 145 8 , , , 3136 145 9 respondents respondent NNS 3136 145 10 weighed weigh VBD 3136 145 11 materials material NNS 3136 145 12 in in IN 3136 145 13 particular particular JJ 3136 145 14 subject subject JJ 3136 145 15 areas area NNS 3136 145 16 ( ( -LRB- 3136 145 17 e.g. e.g. RB 3136 145 18 , , , 3136 145 19 art art NN 3136 145 20 , , , 3136 145 21 education education NN 3136 145 22 , , , 3136 145 23 and and CC 3136 145 24 geography geography NN 3136 145 25 ) ) -RRB- 3136 145 26 and and CC 3136 145 27 the the DT 3136 145 28 needs need NNS 3136 145 29 of of IN 3136 145 30 particu- particu- NN 3136 145 31 lar lar NN 3136 145 32 communities community NNS 3136 145 33 of of IN 3136 145 34 practice practice NN 3136 145 35 as as IN 3136 145 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 145 37 primary primary JJ 3136 145 38 users user NNS 3136 145 39 and and CC 3136 145 40 audiences audience NNS 3136 145 41 . . . 3136 146 1 However however RB 3136 146 2 , , , 3136 146 3 existing exist VBG 3136 146 4 technological technological JJ 3136 146 5 infrastructure infrastructure NN 3136 146 6 and and CC 3136 146 7 resource resource NN 3136 146 8 constraints constraint NNS 3136 146 9 also also RB 3136 146 10 determine determine VBP 3136 146 11 options option NNS 3136 146 12 . . . 3136 147 1 Given give VBN 3136 147 2 the the DT 3136 147 3 prominence prominence NN 3136 147 4 of of IN 3136 147 5 general general JJ 3136 147 6 library library NN 3136 147 7 cataloging catalog VBG 3136 147 8 as as IN 3136 147 9 a a DT 3136 147 10 primary primary JJ 3136 147 11 Table table NN 3136 147 12 6 6 CD 3136 147 13 . . . 3136 148 1 The the DT 3136 148 2 most most RBS 3136 148 3 frequently frequently RB 3136 148 4 used use VBN 3136 148 5 controlled control VBN 3136 148 6 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 148 7 schema(s schema(s NN 3136 148 8 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 9 by by IN 3136 148 10 resource resource NN 3136 148 11 type type NN 3136 148 12 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 13 multiple multiple JJ 3136 148 14 responses response NNS 3136 148 15 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 16 LCSH LCSH NNP 3136 148 17 LCC LCC NNP 3136 148 18 DDC DDC NNP 3136 148 19 AAT AAT NNP 3136 148 20 TGM TGM NNP 3136 148 21 ULAN ULAN NNP 3136 148 22 TGN TGN NNP 3136 148 23 Other Other NNP 3136 148 24 Text Text NNP 3136 148 25 79.5 79.5 CD 3136 148 26 % % NN 3136 148 27 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 28 241 241 CD 3136 148 29 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 30 35.6 35.6 CD 3136 148 31 % % NN 3136 148 32 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 33 108 108 CD 3136 148 34 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 35 16.8 16.8 CD 3136 148 36 % % NN 3136 148 37 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 38 51 51 CD 3136 148 39 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 40 10.2 10.2 CD 3136 148 41 % % NN 3136 148 42 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 43 31 31 CD 3136 148 44 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 45 6.9 6.9 CD 3136 148 46 % % NN 3136 148 47 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 48 21 21 CD 3136 148 49 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 50 3.6 3.6 CD 3136 148 51 % % NN 3136 148 52 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 53 11 11 CD 3136 148 54 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 55 5.0 5.0 CD 3136 148 56 % % NN 3136 148 57 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 58 15 15 CD 3136 148 59 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 60 14.2 14.2 CD 3136 148 61 % % NN 3136 148 62 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 63 43 43 CD 3136 148 64 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 65 Audiovisual audiovisual JJ 3136 148 66 materials material NNS 3136 148 67 67.3 67.3 CD 3136 148 68 % % NN 3136 148 69 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 70 204 204 CD 3136 148 71 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 72 25.1 25.1 CD 3136 148 73 % % NN 3136 148 74 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 75 76 76 CD 3136 148 76 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 77 12.9 12.9 CD 3136 148 78 % % NN 3136 148 79 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 80 39 39 CD 3136 148 81 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 82 9.2 9.2 CD 3136 148 83 % % NN 3136 148 84 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 85 28 28 CD 3136 148 86 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 87 8.6 8.6 CD 3136 148 88 % % NN 3136 148 89 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 90 26 26 CD 3136 148 91 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 92 4.0 4.0 CD 3136 148 93 % % NN 3136 148 94 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 95 12 12 CD 3136 148 96 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 97 5.0 5.0 CD 3136 148 98 % % NN 3136 148 99 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 100 15 15 CD 3136 148 101 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 102 14.5 14.5 CD 3136 148 103 % % NN 3136 148 104 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 105 44 44 CD 3136 148 106 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 107 Cartographic cartographic JJ 3136 148 108 materials material NNS 3136 148 109 44.9 44.9 CD 3136 148 110 % % NN 3136 148 111 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 112 136 136 CD 3136 148 113 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 114 17.5 17.5 CD 3136 148 115 % % NN 3136 148 116 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 117 53 53 CD 3136 148 118 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 119 7.3 7.3 CD 3136 148 120 % % NN 3136 148 121 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 122 22 22 CD 3136 148 123 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 124 5.0 5.0 CD 3136 148 125 % % NN 3136 148 126 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 127 15 15 CD 3136 148 128 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 129 4.3 4.3 CD 3136 148 130 % % NN 3136 148 131 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 132 13 13 CD 3136 148 133 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 134 1.3 1.3 CD 3136 148 135 % % NN 3136 148 136 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 137 4 4 CD 3136 148 138 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 139 4.3 4.3 CD 3136 148 140 % % NN 3136 148 141 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 142 13 13 CD 3136 148 143 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 144 6.3 6.3 CD 3136 148 145 % % NN 3136 148 146 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 147 19 19 CD 3136 148 148 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 149 Images image NNS 3136 148 150 43.2 43.2 CD 3136 148 151 % % NN 3136 148 152 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 153 131 131 CD 3136 148 154 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 155 11.9 11.9 CD 3136 148 156 % % NN 3136 148 157 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 158 36 36 CD 3136 148 159 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 160 5.6 5.6 CD 3136 148 161 % % NN 3136 148 162 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 163 17 17 CD 3136 148 164 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 165 25.7 25.7 CD 3136 148 166 % % NN 3136 148 167 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 168 78 78 CD 3136 148 169 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 170 20.1 20.1 CD 3136 148 171 % % NN 3136 148 172 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 173 61 61 CD 3136 148 174 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 175 9.9 9.9 CD 3136 148 176 % % NN 3136 148 177 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 178 30 30 CD 3136 148 179 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 180 10.6 10.6 CD 3136 148 181 % % NN 3136 148 182 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 183 32 32 CD 3136 148 184 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 185 11.2 11.2 CD 3136 148 186 % % NN 3136 148 187 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 188 34 34 CD 3136 148 189 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 190 Cultural cultural JJ 3136 148 191 objects object NNS 3136 148 192 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 193 e.g. e.g. RB 3136 148 194 , , , 3136 148 195 museum museum NN 3136 148 196 objects object NNS 3136 148 197 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 198 20.1 20.1 CD 3136 148 199 % % NN 3136 148 200 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 201 61 61 CD 3136 148 202 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 203 7.3 7.3 CD 3136 148 204 % % NN 3136 148 205 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 206 22 22 CD 3136 148 207 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 208 4.3 4.3 CD 3136 148 209 % % NN 3136 148 210 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 211 13 13 CD 3136 148 212 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 213 13.2 13.2 CD 3136 148 214 % % NN 3136 148 215 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 216 40 40 CD 3136 148 217 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 218 6.3 6.3 CD 3136 148 219 % % NN 3136 148 220 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 221 19 19 CD 3136 148 222 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 223 4.6 4.6 CD 3136 148 224 % % NN 3136 148 225 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 226 14 14 CD 3136 148 227 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 228 3.0 3.0 CD 3136 148 229 % % NN 3136 148 230 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 231 9 9 CD 3136 148 232 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 233 7.9 7.9 CD 3136 148 234 % % NN 3136 148 235 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 236 24 24 CD 3136 148 237 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 238 Archives archive NNS 3136 148 239 44.2 44.2 CD 3136 148 240 % % NN 3136 148 241 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 242 134 134 CD 3136 148 243 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 244 11.6 11.6 CD 3136 148 245 % % NN 3136 148 246 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 247 35 35 CD 3136 148 248 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 249 6.3 6.3 CD 3136 148 250 % % NN 3136 148 251 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 252 19 19 CD 3136 148 253 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 254 11.9 11.9 CD 3136 148 255 % % NN 3136 148 256 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 257 36 36 CD 3136 148 258 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 259 6.6 6.6 CD 3136 148 260 % % NN 3136 148 261 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 262 20 20 CD 3136 148 263 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 264 3.0 3.0 CD 3136 148 265 % % NN 3136 148 266 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 267 9 9 CD 3136 148 268 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 269 2.6 2.6 CD 3136 148 270 % % NN 3136 148 271 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 272 8) 8) CD 3136 148 273 12.2 12.2 CD 3136 148 274 % % NN 3136 148 275 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 276 37 37 CD 3136 148 277 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 278 Electronic electronic JJ 3136 148 279 resources resource NNS 3136 148 280 60.7 60.7 CD 3136 148 281 % % NN 3136 148 282 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 283 184 184 CD 3136 148 284 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 285 23.4 23.4 CD 3136 148 286 % % NN 3136 148 287 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 288 71 71 CD 3136 148 289 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 290 8.6 8.6 CD 3136 148 291 % % NN 3136 148 292 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 293 26 26 CD 3136 148 294 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 295 5.3 5.3 CD 3136 148 296 % % NN 3136 148 297 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 298 16 16 CD 3136 148 299 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 300 3.6 3.6 CD 3136 148 301 % % NN 3136 148 302 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 303 11 11 CD 3136 148 304 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 305 1.7 1.7 CD 3136 148 306 % % NN 3136 148 307 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 308 5 5 CD 3136 148 309 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 310 3.0 3.0 CD 3136 148 311 % % NN 3136 148 312 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 313 9 9 CD 3136 148 314 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 315 14.2 14.2 CD 3136 148 316 % % NN 3136 148 317 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 318 43 43 CD 3136 148 319 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 320 Digitized Digitized NNP 3136 148 321 resources resource NNS 3136 148 322 51.8 51.8 CD 3136 148 323 % % NN 3136 148 324 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 325 157 157 CD 3136 148 326 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 327 15.5 15.5 CD 3136 148 328 % % NN 3136 148 329 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 330 47 47 CD 3136 148 331 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 332 5.0 5.0 CD 3136 148 333 % % NN 3136 148 334 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 335 15 15 CD 3136 148 336 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 337 15.5 15.5 CD 3136 148 338 % % NN 3136 148 339 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 340 47 47 CD 3136 148 341 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 342 10.2 10.2 CD 3136 148 343 % % NN 3136 148 344 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 345 31 31 CD 3136 148 346 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 347 6.6 6.6 CD 3136 148 348 % % NN 3136 148 349 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 350 20 20 CD 3136 148 351 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 352 7.6 7.6 CD 3136 148 353 % % NN 3136 148 354 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 355 23 23 CD 3136 148 356 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 357 15.2 15.2 CD 3136 148 358 % % NN 3136 148 359 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 360 46 46 CD 3136 148 361 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 362 Born bear VBN 3136 148 363 - - HYPH 3136 148 364 digital digital JJ 3136 148 365 resources resource NNS 3136 148 366 43.9 43.9 CD 3136 148 367 % % NN 3136 148 368 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 369 133 133 CD 3136 148 370 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 371 13.5 13.5 CD 3136 148 372 % % NN 3136 148 373 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 374 41 41 CD 3136 148 375 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 376 5.6 5.6 CD 3136 148 377 % % NN 3136 148 378 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 379 17 17 CD 3136 148 380 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 381 8.3 8.3 CD 3136 148 382 % % NN 3136 148 383 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 384 25 25 CD 3136 148 385 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 386 7.3 7.3 CD 3136 148 387 % % NN 3136 148 388 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 389 22 22 CD 3136 148 390 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 391 4.3 4.3 CD 3136 148 392 % % NN 3136 148 393 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 394 13 13 CD 3136 148 395 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 396 4.6 4.6 CD 3136 148 397 % % NN 3136 148 398 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 399 14 14 CD 3136 148 400 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 401 13.9 13.9 CD 3136 148 402 % % NN 3136 148 403 ( ( -LRB- 3136 148 404 42 42 CD 3136 148 405 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 406 Survey survey NN 3136 148 407 question question NN 3136 148 408 : : : 3136 148 409 which which WDT 3136 148 410 controlled control VBD 3136 148 411 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 148 412 schema(s schema(s NN 3136 148 413 ) ) -RRB- 3136 148 414 do do VBP 3136 148 415 you -PRON- PRP 3136 148 416 and and CC 3136 148 417 your -PRON- PRP$ 3136 148 418 fellow fellow JJ 3136 148 419 catalogers cataloger NNS 3136 148 420 / / SYM 3136 148 421 metadata metadata NN 3136 148 422 librarians librarian NNS 3136 148 423 use use VBP 3136 148 424 most most RBS 3136 148 425 ? ? . 3136 149 1 ( ( -LRB- 3136 149 2 Please please UH 3136 149 3 check check VB 3136 149 4 all all PDT 3136 149 5 that that WDT 3136 149 6 apply apply VBP 3136 149 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 149 8 Table table NN 3136 149 9 7 7 CD 3136 149 10 . . . 3136 150 1 Types type NNS 3136 150 2 of of IN 3136 150 3 semi semi JJ 3136 150 4 - - JJ 3136 150 5 automatic automatic JJ 3136 150 6 metadata metadata NN 3136 150 7 generation generation NN 3136 150 8 tools tool NNS 3136 150 9 in in IN 3136 150 10 use use NN 3136 150 11 Types Types NNP 3136 150 12 Response Response NNP 3136 150 13 Rating Rating NNP 3136 150 14 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 150 15 format format NN 3136 150 16 conversion conversion NN 3136 150 17 38 38 CD 3136 150 18 ( ( -LRB- 3136 150 19 38.6 38.6 CD 3136 150 20 % % NN 3136 150 21 ) ) -RRB- 3136 150 22 Templates Templates NNPS 3136 150 23 and and CC 3136 150 24 editors editor NNS 3136 150 25 for for IN 3136 150 26 metadata metadata NN 3136 150 27 creation creation NN 3136 150 28 26 26 CD 3136 150 29 ( ( -LRB- 3136 150 30 27.0 27.0 CD 3136 150 31 % % NN 3136 150 32 ) ) -RRB- 3136 150 33 Automatic automatic JJ 3136 150 34 metadata metadata NN 3136 150 35 creation creation NN 3136 150 36 16 16 CD 3136 150 37 ( ( -LRB- 3136 150 38 16.7 16.7 CD 3136 150 39 % % NN 3136 150 40 ) ) -RRB- 3136 150 41 Library library JJ 3136 150 42 system system NN 3136 150 43 for for IN 3136 150 44 bibliographic bibliographic NN 3136 150 45 and and CC 3136 150 46 authority authority NN 3136 150 47 control control NN 3136 150 48 15 15 CD 3136 150 49 ( ( -LRB- 3136 150 50 15.6 15.6 CD 3136 150 51 % % NN 3136 150 52 ) ) -RRB- 3136 150 53 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 150 54 harvesting harvesting NN 3136 150 55 and and CC 3136 150 56 importing import VBG 3136 150 57 tools tool NNS 3136 150 58 8 8 CD 3136 150 59 ( ( -LRB- 3136 150 60 8.3 8.3 CD 3136 150 61 % % NN 3136 150 62 ) ) -RRB- 3136 150 63 N n NN 3136 150 64 = = SYM 3136 150 65 96 96 CD 3136 150 66 . . . 3136 151 1 Survey survey NN 3136 151 2 question question NN 3136 151 3 : : : 3136 151 4 Please please UH 3136 151 5 describe describe VB 3136 151 6 the the DT 3136 151 7 ( ( -LRB- 3136 151 8 semi)automatic semi)automatic JJ 3136 151 9 metadata metadata NN 3136 151 10 generation generation NN 3136 151 11 tools tool NNS 3136 151 12 you -PRON- PRP 3136 151 13 use use VBP 3136 151 14 . . . 3136 152 1 112 112 CD 3136 152 2 iNForMAtioN information CD 3136 152 3 tecHNoloGY tecHNoloGY NNP 3136 152 4 AND and CC 3136 152 5 liBrAries library NNS 3136 152 6 | | JJ 3136 152 7 septeMBer septeMBer NNP 3136 152 8 2010 2010 CD 3136 152 9 the the DT 3136 152 10 software software NN 3136 152 11 used use VBN 3136 152 12 by by IN 3136 152 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 152 14 insti- insti- NN 3136 152 15 tutions tution NNS 3136 152 16 — — : 3136 152 17 i.e i.e NNP 3136 152 18 . . NNP 3136 152 19 , , , 3136 152 20 “ " `` 3136 152 21 integrated integrated JJ 3136 152 22 library library NN 3136 152 23 system system NN 3136 152 24 ” " '' 3136 152 25 ( ( -LRB- 3136 152 26 39.9 39.9 CD 3136 152 27 percent percent NN 3136 152 28 ) ) -RRB- 3136 152 29 , , , 3136 152 30 “ " `` 3136 152 31 digital digital JJ 3136 152 32 collection collection NN 3136 152 33 or or CC 3136 152 34 asset asset NN 3136 152 35 management management NN 3136 152 36 software software NN 3136 152 37 ” " '' 3136 152 38 ( ( -LRB- 3136 152 39 25.4 25.4 CD 3136 152 40 percent percent NN 3136 152 41 ) ) -RRB- 3136 152 42 , , , 3136 152 43 “ " `` 3136 152 44 institu- institu- NNP 3136 152 45 tional tional JJ 3136 152 46 repository repository NNP 3136 152 47 software software NN 3136 152 48 ” " '' 3136 152 49 ( ( -LRB- 3136 152 50 19.8 19.8 CD 3136 152 51 percent percent NN 3136 152 52 ) ) -RRB- 3136 152 53 , , , 3136 152 54 “ " `` 3136 152 55 union union NN 3136 152 56 catalogs catalog NNS 3136 152 57 ” " '' 3136 152 58 ( ( -LRB- 3136 152 59 14.9 14.9 CD 3136 152 60 percent percent NN 3136 152 61 ) ) -RRB- 3136 152 62 , , , 3136 152 63 and and CC 3136 152 64 “ " `` 3136 152 65 archival archival NNP 3136 152 66 manage- manage- NNP 3136 152 67 ment ment JJ 3136 152 68 software software NN 3136 152 69 ” " '' 3136 152 70 ( ( -LRB- 3136 152 71 5.6 5.6 CD 3136 152 72 percent)—as percent)—as NNP 3136 152 73 a a DT 3136 152 74 reason reason NN 3136 152 75 for for IN 3136 152 76 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 152 77 selection selection NN 3136 152 78 of of IN 3136 152 79 meta- meta- NNP 3136 152 80 data data NNP 3136 152 81 schemata schemata NNP 3136 152 82 . . . 3136 153 1 Metadata metadata NN 3136 153 2 decisions decision NNS 3136 153 3 thus thus RB 3136 153 4 seem seem VBP 3136 153 5 to to TO 3136 153 6 be be VB 3136 153 7 driven drive VBN 3136 153 8 by by IN 3136 153 9 a a DT 3136 153 10 vari- vari- JJ 3136 153 11 ety ety NN 3136 153 12 of of IN 3136 153 13 local local JJ 3136 153 14 technology technology NN 3136 153 15 choices choice NNS 3136 153 16 for for IN 3136 153 17 developing develop VBG 3136 153 18 digital digital JJ 3136 153 19 repositories repository NNS 3136 153 20 and and CC 3136 153 21 collections collection NNS 3136 153 22 . . . 3136 154 1 As as IN 3136 154 2 shown show VBN 3136 154 3 in in IN 3136 154 4 figure figure NN 3136 154 5 5 5 CD 3136 154 6 , , , 3136 154 7 similar similar JJ 3136 154 8 patterns pattern NNS 3136 154 9 are be VBP 3136 154 10 observed observe VBN 3136 154 11 with with IN 3136 154 12 regard regard NN 3136 154 13 to to IN 3136 154 14 selection selection NN 3136 154 15 criteria criterion NNS 3136 154 16 for for IN 3136 154 17 controlled controlled JJ 3136 154 18 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 154 19 schemata schemata NN 3136 154 20 . . . 3136 155 1 Three three CD 3136 155 2 of of IN 3136 155 3 the the DT 3136 155 4 four four CD 3136 155 5 selection selection NN 3136 155 6 criteria criterion NNS 3136 155 7 receiv- receiv- VBD 3136 155 8 ing ing NN 3136 155 9 majority majority NN 3136 155 10 responses—“target responses—“target NNS 3136 155 11 users user NNS 3136 155 12 / / SYM 3136 155 13 audience audience NN 3136 155 14 ” " '' 3136 155 15 ( ( -LRB- 3136 155 16 55.4 55.4 CD 3136 155 17 percent percent NN 3136 155 18 ) ) -RRB- 3136 155 19 , , , 3136 155 20 “ " `` 3136 155 21 type type NN 3136 155 22 of of IN 3136 155 23 resources resource NNS 3136 155 24 ” " '' 3136 155 25 ( ( -LRB- 3136 155 26 54.8 54.8 CD 3136 155 27 percent percent NN 3136 155 28 ) ) -RRB- 3136 155 29 , , , 3136 155 30 and and CC 3136 155 31 “ " `` 3136 155 32 nature nature NN 3136 155 33 of of IN 3136 155 34 the the DT 3136 155 35 collection collection NN 3136 155 36 ” " '' 3136 155 37 ( ( -LRB- 3136 155 38 50.2 50.2 CD 3136 155 39 percent)—suggest percent)—suggest CD 3136 155 40 that that IN 3136 155 41 controlled control VBN 3136 155 42 vocabulary vocabulary JJ 3136 155 43 decisions decision NNS 3136 155 44 are be VBP 3136 155 45 influ- influ- NNS 3136 155 46 enced ence VBN 3136 155 47 primarily primarily RB 3136 155 48 by by IN 3136 155 49 the the DT 3136 155 50 substantive substantive JJ 3136 155 51 purpose purpose NN 3136 155 52 and and CC 3136 155 53 scope scope NN 3136 155 54 of of IN 3136 155 55 controlled control VBN 3136 155 56 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 3136 155 57 for for IN 3136 155 58 local local JJ 3136 155 59 collections collection NNS 3136 155 60 . . . 3136 156 1 A a DT 3136 156 2 major major JJ 3136 156 3 consideration consideration NN 3136 156 4 seems seem VBZ 3136 156 5 to to TO 3136 156 6 be be VB 3136 156 7 whether whether IN 3136 156 8 particular particular JJ 3136 156 9 controlled controlled JJ 3136 156 10 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 3136 156 11 are be VBP 3136 156 12 suitable suitable JJ 3136 156 13 for for IN 3136 156 14 rep- rep- NN 3136 156 15 resenting resent VBG 3136 156 16 standard standard JJ 3136 156 17 data data NN 3136 156 18 values value NNS 3136 156 19 to to TO 3136 156 20 improve improve VB 3136 156 21 access access NN 3136 156 22 and and CC 3136 156 23 retrieval retrieval NN 3136 156 24 for for IN 3136 156 25 target target NN 3136 156 26 audiences audience NNS 3136 156 27 . . . 3136 157 1 “ " `` 3136 157 2 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 157 3 standards standard NNS 3136 157 4 , , , 3136 157 5 ” " '' 3136 157 6 another another DT 3136 157 7 selection selection NN 3136 157 8 criteria criterion NNS 3136 157 9 frequently frequently RB 3136 157 10 cited cite VBD 3136 157 11 in in IN 3136 157 12 the the DT 3136 157 13 survey survey NN 3136 157 14 ( ( -LRB- 3136 157 15 54.1 54.1 CD 3136 157 16 percent percent NN 3136 157 17 ) ) -RRB- 3136 157 18 , , , 3136 157 19 reflects reflect VBZ 3136 157 20 how how WRB 3136 157 21 some some DT 3136 157 22 domain domain NN 3136 157 23 - - HYPH 3136 157 24 spe- spe- NN 3136 157 25 cific cific JJ 3136 157 26 metadata metadata NN 3136 157 27 schemata schemata NNP 3136 157 28 tend tend VBP 3136 157 29 to to TO 3136 157 30 dictate dictate VB 3136 157 31 the the DT 3136 157 32 use use NN 3136 157 33 of of IN 3136 157 34 particular particular JJ 3136 157 35 con- con- NN 3136 157 36 trolled troll VBD 3136 157 37 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 3136 157 38 . . . 3136 158 1 At at IN 3136 158 2 the the DT 3136 158 3 same same JJ 3136 158 4 time time NN 3136 158 5 , , , 3136 158 6 the the DT 3136 158 7 results result NNS 3136 158 8 also also RB 3136 158 9 suggest suggest VBP 3136 158 10 that that IN 3136 158 11 resources resource NNS 3136 158 12 and and CC 3136 158 13 technological technological JJ 3136 158 14 infra- infra- JJ 3136 158 15 structure structure NN 3136 158 16 available available JJ 3136 158 17 to to IN 3136 158 18 institutions institution NNS 3136 158 19 were be VBD 3136 158 20 also also RB 3136 158 21 important important JJ 3136 158 22 reasons reason NNS 3136 158 23 for for IN 3136 158 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 158 25 selections selection NNS 3136 158 26 . . . 3136 159 1 “ " `` 3136 159 2 Expertise expertise NN 3136 159 3 of of IN 3136 159 4 staff staff NN 3136 159 5 ” " '' 3136 159 6 ( ( -LRB- 3136 159 7 38.3 38.3 CD 3136 159 8 percent percent NN 3136 159 9 ) ) -RRB- 3136 159 10 seems seem VBZ 3136 159 11 to to TO 3136 159 12 be be VB 3136 159 13 a a DT 3136 159 14 straightforward straightforward JJ 3136 159 15 practical practical JJ 3136 159 16 rea- rea- NN 3136 159 17 son son NN 3136 159 18 : : : 3136 159 19 the the DT 3136 159 20 application application NN 3136 159 21 of of IN 3136 159 22 controlled control VBN 3136 159 23 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 3136 159 24 is be VBZ 3136 159 25 highly highly RB 3136 159 26 dependent dependent JJ 3136 159 27 on on IN 3136 159 28 the the DT 3136 159 29 width width NN 3136 159 30 and and CC 3136 159 31 depth depth NN 3136 159 32 of of IN 3136 159 33 staff staff NN 3136 159 34 expertise expertise NN 3136 159 35 available available JJ 3136 159 36 . . . 3136 160 1 Likewise likewise RB 3136 160 2 , , , 3136 160 3 when when WRB 3136 160 4 implementing implement VBG 3136 160 5 controlled control VBN 3136 160 6 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 3136 160 7 in in IN 3136 160 8 the the DT 3136 160 9 digital digital JJ 3136 160 10 environment environment NN 3136 160 11 , , , 3136 160 12 some some DT 3136 160 13 institutions institution NNS 3136 160 14 also also RB 3136 160 15 took take VBD 3136 160 16 into into IN 3136 160 17 account account NN 3136 160 18 At at IN 3136 160 19 the the DT 3136 160 20 same same JJ 3136 160 21 time time NN 3136 160 22 , , , 3136 160 23 it -PRON- PRP 3136 160 24 is be VBZ 3136 160 25 noteworthy noteworthy JJ 3136 160 26 that that IN 3136 160 27 while while IN 3136 160 28 responses response NNS 3136 160 29 were be VBD 3136 160 30 not not RB 3136 160 31 mutually mutually RB 3136 160 32 exclusive exclusive JJ 3136 160 33 , , , 3136 160 34 many many JJ 3136 160 35 respondents respondent NNS 3136 160 36 cited cite VBD 3136 160 37 Figure Figure NNP 3136 160 38 4 4 CD 3136 160 39 . . . 3136 161 1 Criteria criterion NNS 3136 161 2 for for IN 3136 161 3 selecting select VBG 3136 161 4 metadata metadata NNP 3136 161 5 schemata schemata NNP 3136 161 6 ( ( -LRB- 3136 161 7 multiple multiple JJ 3136 161 8 responses response NNS 3136 161 9 ) ) -RRB- 3136 161 10 Question question NN 3136 161 11 : : : 3136 161 12 which which WDT 3136 161 13 criteria criterion NNS 3136 161 14 were be VBD 3136 161 15 applied apply VBN 3136 161 16 in in IN 3136 161 17 selecting select VBG 3136 161 18 metadata metadata NN 3136 161 19 schemata schemata NNP 3136 161 20 ? ? . 3136 162 1 ( ( -LRB- 3136 162 2 please please UH 3136 162 3 check check VB 3136 162 4 all all PDT 3136 162 5 that that WDT 3136 162 6 apply apply VBP 3136 162 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 162 8 Figure figure NN 3136 162 9 5 5 CD 3136 162 10 . . . 3136 163 1 Criteria criterion NNS 3136 163 2 for for IN 3136 163 3 selecting select VBG 3136 163 4 controlled controlled JJ 3136 163 5 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 163 6 schemata schemata NN 3136 163 7 ( ( -LRB- 3136 163 8 multiple multiple JJ 3136 163 9 responses response NNS 3136 163 10 ) ) -RRB- 3136 163 11 Question question NN 3136 163 12 : : : 3136 163 13 which which WDT 3136 163 14 criteria criterion NNS 3136 163 15 are be VBP 3136 163 16 applied apply VBN 3136 163 17 in in IN 3136 163 18 selecting select VBG 3136 163 19 controlled controlled JJ 3136 163 20 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 163 21 schemata schemata NN 3136 163 22 ? ? . 3136 164 1 ( ( -LRB- 3136 164 2 Please please UH 3136 164 3 check check VB 3136 164 4 all all PDT 3136 164 5 that that WDT 3136 164 6 apply apply VBP 3136 164 7 ) ) -RRB- 3136 164 8 MetADAtA MetADAtA NNP 3136 164 9 creAtioN creAtioN NNP 3136 164 10 prActices prActices NNP 3136 164 11 iN in IN 3136 164 12 DiGitAl digital NN 3136 164 13 repositories repository NNS 3136 164 14 AND and CC 3136 164 15 collectioNs collections CD 3136 164 16 | | NNS 3136 164 17 pArK pArK NNS 3136 164 18 AND and CC 3136 164 19 tosAKA tosAKA NNP 3136 164 20 113 113 CD 3136 164 21 for for IN 3136 164 22 search search NN 3136 164 23 engines engine NNS 3136 164 24 and and CC 3136 164 25 63.2 63.2 CD 3136 164 26 percent percent NN 3136 164 27 for for IN 3136 164 28 OAI OAI NNP 3136 164 29 harvesters harvester NNS 3136 164 30 ) ) -RRB- 3136 164 31 , , , 3136 164 32 a a DT 3136 164 33 result result NN 3136 164 34 that that WDT 3136 164 35 may may MD 3136 164 36 be be VB 3136 164 37 interpreted interpret VBN 3136 164 38 as as IN 3136 164 39 a a DT 3136 164 40 tendency tendency NN 3136 164 41 to to TO 3136 164 42 create create VB 3136 164 43 metadata metadata NN 3136 164 44 primarily primarily RB 3136 164 45 for for IN 3136 164 46 local local JJ 3136 164 47 audiences audience NNS 3136 164 48 . . . 3136 165 1 Why why WRB 3136 165 2 do do VBP 3136 165 3 many many JJ 3136 165 4 institutions institution NNS 3136 165 5 fail fail VB 3136 165 6 to to TO 3136 165 7 make make VB 3136 165 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 165 9 locally locally RB 3136 165 10 created create VBN 3136 165 11 meta- meta- JJ 3136 165 12 data datum NNS 3136 165 13 available available JJ 3136 165 14 to to IN 3136 165 15 other other JJ 3136 165 16 institutions institution NNS 3136 165 17 despite despite IN 3136 165 18 wide wide JJ 3136 165 19 consensus consensus NN 3136 165 20 on on IN 3136 165 21 the the DT 3136 165 22 importance importance NN 3136 165 23 of of IN 3136 165 24 metadata metadata NN 3136 165 25 sharing share VBG 3136 165 26 in in IN 3136 165 27 a a DT 3136 165 28 networked networked JJ 3136 165 29 world world NN 3136 165 30 ? ? . 3136 166 1 Responses response NNS 3136 166 2 from from IN 3136 166 3 those those DT 3136 166 4 institutions institution NNS 3136 166 5 exposing expose VBG 3136 166 6 none none NN 3136 166 7 or or CC 3136 166 8 not not RB 3136 166 9 all all DT 3136 166 10 of of IN 3136 166 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 166 12 metadata metadata NN 3136 166 13 ( ( -LRB- 3136 166 14 see see VB 3136 166 15 table table NN 3136 166 16 8) 8) CD 3136 166 17 reveal reveal VBP 3136 166 18 that that IN 3136 166 19 financial financial JJ 3136 166 20 , , , 3136 166 21 personnel personnel NNS 3136 166 22 , , , 3136 166 23 and and CC 3136 166 24 technical technical JJ 3136 166 25 issues issue NNS 3136 166 26 are be VBP 3136 166 27 major major JJ 3136 166 28 hin- hin- JJ 3136 166 29 drances drance NNS 3136 166 30 in in IN 3136 166 31 promoting promote VBG 3136 166 32 the the DT 3136 166 33 exposure exposure NN 3136 166 34 of of IN 3136 166 35 metadata metadata NN 3136 166 36 outside outside IN 3136 166 37 the the DT 3136 166 38 immediate immediate JJ 3136 166 39 local local JJ 3136 166 40 environment environment NN 3136 166 41 . . . 3136 167 1 Some some DT 3136 167 2 institutions institution NNS 3136 167 3 are be VBP 3136 167 4 not not RB 3136 167 5 confident confident JJ 3136 167 6 that that IN 3136 167 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 167 8 current current JJ 3136 167 9 metadata metadata NN 3136 167 10 practices practice NNS 3136 167 11 are be VBP 3136 167 12 able able JJ 3136 167 13 to to TO 3136 167 14 sat- sat- VB 3136 167 15 isfy isfy RB 3136 167 16 the the DT 3136 167 17 technical technical JJ 3136 167 18 requirements requirement NNS 3136 167 19 for for IN 3136 167 20 producing produce VBG 3136 167 21 standards standard NNS 3136 167 22 - - HYPH 3136 167 23 based base VBN 3136 167 24 interop- interop- NNP 3136 167 25 erable erable JJ 3136 167 26 metadata metadata NN 3136 167 27 . . . 3136 168 1 Another another DT 3136 168 2 reason reason NN 3136 168 3 frequently frequently RB 3136 168 4 mentioned mention VBD 3136 168 5 is be VBZ 3136 168 6 copyright copyright NN 3136 168 7 concerns concern NNS 3136 168 8 about about IN 3136 168 9 limited limited JJ 3136 168 10 - - HYPH 3136 168 11 access access NN 3136 168 12 mate- mate- NNS 3136 168 13 rials rial NNS 3136 168 14 . . . 3136 169 1 Yet yet CC 3136 169 2 some some DT 3136 169 3 respondents respondent NNS 3136 169 4 simply simply RB 3136 169 5 do do VBP 3136 169 6 not not RB 3136 169 7 see see VB 3136 169 8 any any DT 3136 169 9 merit merit NN 3136 169 10 to to IN 3136 169 11 exposing expose VBG 3136 169 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 169 13 item item NN 3136 169 14 - - HYPH 3136 169 15 level level NN 3136 169 16 metadata metadata NN 3136 169 17 , , , 3136 169 18 citing cite VBG 3136 169 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 3136 169 20 relative relative JJ 3136 169 21 uselessness uselessness NN 3136 169 22 for for IN 3136 169 23 resource resource NN 3136 169 24 discovery discovery NN 3136 169 25 outside outside IN 3136 169 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 169 27 institutions institution NNS 3136 169 28 . . . 3136 170 1 As as IN 3136 170 2 stated state VBN 3136 170 3 earlier early RBR 3136 170 4 , , , 3136 170 5 the the DT 3136 170 6 practice practice NN 3136 170 7 of of IN 3136 170 8 adding add VBG 3136 170 9 home- home- NN 3136 170 10 grown grown JJ 3136 170 11 metadata metadata NN 3136 170 12 elements element NNS 3136 170 13 seems seem VBZ 3136 170 14 common common JJ 3136 170 15 among among IN 3136 170 16 many many JJ 3136 170 17 institutions institution NNS 3136 170 18 . . . 3136 171 1 While while IN 3136 171 2 locally locally RB 3136 171 3 created create VBN 3136 171 4 metadata metadata NN 3136 171 5 elements element NNS 3136 171 6 accommodate accommodate VBP 3136 171 7 local local JJ 3136 171 8 needs need NNS 3136 171 9 and and CC 3136 171 10 requirements requirement NNS 3136 171 11 , , , 3136 171 12 they -PRON- PRP 3136 171 13 may may MD 3136 171 14 also also RB 3136 171 15 hinder hinder VB 3136 171 16 metadata metadata NN 3136 171 17 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 171 18 across across IN 3136 171 19 digital digital JJ 3136 171 20 repositories repository NNS 3136 171 21 and and CC 3136 171 22 collections collection NNS 3136 171 23 if if IN 3136 171 24 mechanisms mechanism NNS 3136 171 25 for for IN 3136 171 26 finding find VBG 3136 171 27 information information NN 3136 171 28 about about IN 3136 171 29 such such JJ 3136 171 30 locally locally RB 3136 171 31 defined define VBN 3136 171 32 extensions extension NNS 3136 171 33 and and CC 3136 171 34 variants variant NNS 3136 171 35 are be VBP 3136 171 36 absent absent JJ 3136 171 37 . . . 3136 172 1 Homegrown Homegrown NNP 3136 172 2 metadata metadata NN 3136 172 3 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 172 4 document document VBP 3136 172 5 local local JJ 3136 172 6 data datum NNS 3136 172 7 models model NNS 3136 172 8 and and CC 3136 172 9 function function NN 3136 172 10 as as IN 3136 172 11 an an DT 3136 172 12 essential essential JJ 3136 172 13 mechanism mechanism NN 3136 172 14 for for IN 3136 172 15 metadata metadata NN 3136 172 16 creation creation NN 3136 172 17 and and CC 3136 172 18 quality quality NN 3136 172 19 assurance assurance NN 3136 172 20 within within IN 3136 172 21 and and CC 3136 172 22 across across IN 3136 172 23 digital digital JJ 3136 172 24 repositories repository NNS 3136 172 25 and and CC 3136 172 26 collections.23 collections.23 NNP 3136 172 27 In in IN 3136 172 28 this this DT 3136 172 29 regard regard NN 3136 172 30 , , , 3136 172 31 it -PRON- PRP 3136 172 32 is be VBZ 3136 172 33 essential essential JJ 3136 172 34 to to TO 3136 172 35 examine examine VB 3136 172 36 locally locally RB 3136 172 37 created create VBN 3136 172 38 metadata metadata NN 3136 172 39 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 172 40 and and CC 3136 172 41 best good JJS 3136 172 42 practices.24 practices.24 NNP 3136 172 43 However however RB 3136 172 44 , , , 3136 172 45 the the DT 3136 172 46 results result NNS 3136 172 47 of of IN 3136 172 48 the the DT 3136 172 49 survey survey NN 3136 172 50 analysis analysis NN 3136 172 51 evince evince NN 3136 172 52 that that WDT 3136 172 53 the the DT 3136 172 54 vast vast JJ 3136 172 55 majority majority NN 3136 172 56 of of IN 3136 172 57 institutions institution NNS 3136 172 58 ( ( -LRB- 3136 172 59 72.0 72.0 CD 3136 172 60 percent percent NN 3136 172 61 ) ) -RRB- 3136 172 62 provided provide VBD 3136 172 63 no no DT 3136 172 64 public public JJ 3136 172 65 access access NN 3136 172 66 to to IN 3136 172 67 local local JJ 3136 172 68 application application NN 3136 172 69 profiles profile NNS 3136 172 70 on on IN 3136 172 71 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 172 72 websites website NNS 3136 172 73 while while IN 3136 172 74 only only RB 3136 172 75 19.6 19.6 CD 3136 172 76 percent percent NN 3136 172 77 of of IN 3136 172 78 respondents respondent NNS 3136 172 79 ’ ’ POS 3136 172 80 institutions institution NNS 3136 172 81 made make VBD 3136 172 82 them -PRON- PRP 3136 172 83 available available JJ 3136 172 84 online online RB 3136 172 85 to to IN 3136 172 86 the the DT 3136 172 87 public public NN 3136 172 88 . . . 3136 173 1 ■ ■ NFP 3136 173 2 ■ ■ NFP 3136 173 3 Conclusion Conclusion NNP 3136 173 4 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 173 5 plays play VBZ 3136 173 6 an an DT 3136 173 7 essential essential JJ 3136 173 8 role role NN 3136 173 9 in in IN 3136 173 10 managing managing NN 3136 173 11 , , , 3136 173 12 organizing organize VBG 3136 173 13 , , , 3136 173 14 and and CC 3136 173 15 searching search VBG 3136 173 16 for for IN 3136 173 17 information information NN 3136 173 18 resources resource NNS 3136 173 19 . . . 3136 174 1 In in IN 3136 174 2 the the DT 3136 174 3 networked networked JJ 3136 174 4 existing exist VBG 3136 174 5 system system NN 3136 174 6 features feature NNS 3136 174 7 for for IN 3136 174 8 authority authority NN 3136 174 9 control control NN 3136 174 10 and and CC 3136 174 11 con- con- NNP 3136 174 12 trolled troll VBD 3136 174 13 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 174 14 searching searching NN 3136 174 15 , , , 3136 174 16 as as IN 3136 174 17 exhibited exhibit VBN 3136 174 18 by by IN 3136 174 19 17.2 17.2 CD 3136 174 20 percent percent NN 3136 174 21 of of IN 3136 174 22 responses response NNS 3136 174 23 for for IN 3136 174 24 “ " `` 3136 174 25 digital digital JJ 3136 174 26 collection collection NN 3136 174 27 / / SYM 3136 174 28 or or CC 3136 174 29 asset asset NN 3136 174 30 management management NN 3136 174 31 software software NN 3136 174 32 . . . 3136 174 33 ” " '' 3136 174 34 exposing expose VBG 3136 174 35 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 174 36 and and CC 3136 174 37 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 174 38 Guidelines Guidelines NNPS 3136 174 39 beyond beyond IN 3136 174 40 local local JJ 3136 174 41 environments environment NNS 3136 174 42 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 174 43 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 174 44 across across IN 3136 174 45 distributed distribute VBN 3136 174 46 digital digital JJ 3136 174 47 repositories repository NNS 3136 174 48 and and CC 3136 174 49 collections collection NNS 3136 174 50 is be VBZ 3136 174 51 fast fast JJ 3136 174 52 becoming become VBG 3136 174 53 a a DT 3136 174 54 major major JJ 3136 174 55 issue.22 issue.22 NNP 3136 174 56 The the DT 3136 174 57 proliferation proliferation NN 3136 174 58 of of IN 3136 174 59 open open JJ 3136 174 60 - - HYPH 3136 174 61 source source NN 3136 174 62 and and CC 3136 174 63 commercial commercial JJ 3136 174 64 digital digital JJ 3136 174 65 library library NN 3136 174 66 platforms platform NNS 3136 174 67 using use VBG 3136 174 68 a a DT 3136 174 69 variety variety NN 3136 174 70 of of IN 3136 174 71 metadata metadata NN 3136 174 72 sche- sche- NNP 3136 174 73 mata mata NNP 3136 174 74 has have VBZ 3136 174 75 implications implication NNS 3136 174 76 on on IN 3136 174 77 the the DT 3136 174 78 librarians librarian NNS 3136 174 79 ’ ’ POS 3136 174 80 ability ability NN 3136 174 81 to to TO 3136 174 82 create create VB 3136 174 83 shareable shareable JJ 3136 174 84 and and CC 3136 174 85 interoperable interoperable JJ 3136 174 86 metadata metadata NN 3136 174 87 beyond beyond IN 3136 174 88 the the DT 3136 174 89 local local JJ 3136 174 90 environment environment NN 3136 174 91 . . . 3136 175 1 To to IN 3136 175 2 what what WDT 3136 175 3 extent extent NN 3136 175 4 are be VBP 3136 175 5 mechanisms mechanism NNS 3136 175 6 for for IN 3136 175 7 sharing share VBG 3136 175 8 metadata metadata NN 3136 175 9 integrated integrate VBN 3136 175 10 into into IN 3136 175 11 the the DT 3136 175 12 current current JJ 3136 175 13 metadata metadata NN 3136 175 14 - - HYPH 3136 175 15 creation creation NN 3136 175 16 practices practice NNS 3136 175 17 described describe VBN 3136 175 18 by by IN 3136 175 19 the the DT 3136 175 20 respondents respondent NNS 3136 175 21 ? ? . 3136 176 1 Figure figure NN 3136 176 2 6 6 CD 3136 176 3 summarizes summarize VBZ 3136 176 4 the the DT 3136 176 5 responses response NNS 3136 176 6 concerning concern VBG 3136 176 7 the the DT 3136 176 8 uses use NNS 3136 176 9 of of IN 3136 176 10 three three CD 3136 176 11 major major JJ 3136 176 12 mechanisms mechanism NNS 3136 176 13 for for IN 3136 176 14 metadata metadata NN 3136 176 15 exposure exposure NN 3136 176 16 . . . 3136 177 1 Approximately approximately RB 3136 177 2 half half NN 3136 177 3 of of IN 3136 177 4 respondents respondent NNS 3136 177 5 exposed expose VBN 3136 177 6 at at IN 3136 177 7 least least JJS 3136 177 8 some some DT 3136 177 9 of of IN 3136 177 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 177 11 metadata metadata NN 3136 177 12 to to TO 3136 177 13 search search NN 3136 177 14 engines engine NNS 3136 177 15 ( ( -LRB- 3136 177 16 52.8 52.8 CD 3136 177 17 percent percent NN 3136 177 18 ) ) -RRB- 3136 177 19 and and CC 3136 177 20 union union NN 3136 177 21 catalogs catalog NNS 3136 177 22 such such JJ 3136 177 23 as as IN 3136 177 24 OCLC oclc NN 3136 177 25 WorldCat WorldCat NNP 3136 177 26 ( ( -LRB- 3136 177 27 50.6 50.6 CD 3136 177 28 percent percent NN 3136 177 29 ) ) -RRB- 3136 177 30 . . . 3136 178 1 More More JJR 3136 178 2 than than IN 3136 178 3 one one CD 3136 178 4 - - HYPH 3136 178 5 third third NN 3136 178 6 of of IN 3136 178 7 the the DT 3136 178 8 respondents respondent NNS 3136 178 9 exposed expose VBD 3136 178 10 all all DT 3136 178 11 or or CC 3136 178 12 some some DT 3136 178 13 of of IN 3136 178 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 178 15 metadata metadata NN 3136 178 16 through through IN 3136 178 17 OAI OAI NNP 3136 178 18 harvesters harvester NNS 3136 178 19 ( ( -LRB- 3136 178 20 36.8 36.8 CD 3136 178 21 percent percent NN 3136 178 22 ) ) -RRB- 3136 178 23 . . . 3136 179 1 About about RB 3136 179 2 half half NN 3136 179 3 or or CC 3136 179 4 more more JJR 3136 179 5 of of IN 3136 179 6 the the DT 3136 179 7 respondents respondent NNS 3136 179 8 either either CC 3136 179 9 did do VBD 3136 179 10 not not RB 3136 179 11 expose expose VB 3136 179 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 179 13 metadata metadata NN 3136 179 14 or or CC 3136 179 15 were be VBD 3136 179 16 not not RB 3136 179 17 sure sure JJ 3136 179 18 about about IN 3136 179 19 the the DT 3136 179 20 current current JJ 3136 179 21 operations operation NNS 3136 179 22 at at IN 3136 179 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 179 24 institutions institution NNS 3136 179 25 ( ( -LRB- 3136 179 26 e.g. e.g. RB 3136 179 27 , , , 3136 179 28 47.2 47.2 CD 3136 179 29 percent percent NN 3136 179 30 Figure figure NN 3136 179 31 6 6 CD 3136 179 32 . . . 3136 180 1 Mechanism mechanism NN 3136 180 2 to to TO 3136 180 3 expose expose VB 3136 180 4 metadata metadata NN 3136 180 5 ( ( -LRB- 3136 180 6 multiple multiple JJ 3136 180 7 responses response NNS 3136 180 8 ) ) -RRB- 3136 180 9 Survey survey NN 3136 180 10 question question NN 3136 180 11 : : : 3136 180 12 Do do VBP 3136 180 13 you -PRON- PRP 3136 180 14 / / NFP 3136 180 15 your -PRON- PRP$ 3136 180 16 organization organization NN 3136 180 17 expose expose VB 3136 180 18 your -PRON- PRP$ 3136 180 19 metadata metadata NN 3136 180 20 to to IN 3136 180 21 oaI oaI NNP 3136 180 22 ( ( -LRB- 3136 180 23 open open JJ 3136 180 24 archives archive NNS 3136 180 25 Initiative Initiative NNP 3136 180 26 ) ) -RRB- 3136 180 27 harvesters harvester NNS 3136 180 28 , , , 3136 180 29 union union NN 3136 180 30 catalogs catalog NNS 3136 180 31 or or CC 3136 180 32 search search NN 3136 180 33 engines engine NNS 3136 180 34 ? ? . 3136 181 1 114 114 CD 3136 181 2 iNForMAtioN information ADD 3136 181 3 tecHNoloGY tecHNoloGY NNP 3136 181 4 AND and CC 3136 181 5 liBrAries library NNS 3136 181 6 | | JJ 3136 181 7 septeMBer september ADD 3136 181 8 2010 2010 CD 3136 181 9 The the DT 3136 181 10 DC DC NNP 3136 181 11 metadata metadata NN 3136 181 12 schema schema NNP 3136 181 13 is be VBZ 3136 181 14 the the DT 3136 181 15 second second JJ 3136 181 16 most most RBS 3136 181 17 widely widely RB 3136 181 18 employed employ VBN 3136 181 19 according accord VBG 3136 181 20 to to IN 3136 181 21 this this DT 3136 181 22 study study NN 3136 181 23 , , , 3136 181 24 with with IN 3136 181 25 Qualified Qualified NNP 3136 181 26 DC DC NNP 3136 181 27 used use VBN 3136 181 28 by by IN 3136 181 29 40.6 40.6 CD 3136 181 30 percent percent NN 3136 181 31 of of IN 3136 181 32 responding respond VBG 3136 181 33 institutions institution NNS 3136 181 34 and and CC 3136 181 35 Unqualified Unqualified NNP 3136 181 36 DC DC NNP 3136 181 37 used use VBN 3136 181 38 by by IN 3136 181 39 25.4 25.4 CD 3136 181 40 percent percent NN 3136 181 41 . . . 3136 182 1 EAD EAD NNP 3136 182 2 is be VBZ 3136 182 3 another another DT 3136 182 4 fre- fre- NN 3136 182 5 quently quently RB 3136 182 6 cited cite VBN 3136 182 7 schema schema NNP 3136 182 8 ( ( -LRB- 3136 182 9 31.7 31.7 CD 3136 182 10 percent percent NN 3136 182 11 ) ) -RRB- 3136 182 12 , , , 3136 182 13 followed follow VBN 3136 182 14 by by IN 3136 182 15 MODS MODS NNP 3136 182 16 ( ( -LRB- 3136 182 17 17.8 17.8 CD 3136 182 18 percent percent NN 3136 182 19 ) ) -RRB- 3136 182 20 , , , 3136 182 21 VRA VRA NNP 3136 182 22 ( ( -LRB- 3136 182 23 14.9 14.9 CD 3136 182 24 percent percent NN 3136 182 25 ) ) -RRB- 3136 182 26 , , , 3136 182 27 and and CC 3136 182 28 TEI TEI NNP 3136 182 29 ( ( -LRB- 3136 182 30 12.5 12.5 CD 3136 182 31 percent percent NN 3136 182 32 ) ) -RRB- 3136 182 33 . . . 3136 183 1 A a DT 3136 183 2 trend trend NN 3136 183 3 of of IN 3136 183 4 Qualified Qualified NNP 3136 183 5 DC DC NNP 3136 183 6 being be VBG 3136 183 7 used use VBN 3136 183 8 ( ( -LRB- 3136 183 9 40.6 40.6 CD 3136 183 10 percent percent NN 3136 183 11 ) ) -RRB- 3136 183 12 more more RBR 3136 183 13 often often RB 3136 183 14 than than IN 3136 183 15 Unqualified unqualified JJ 3136 183 16 DC DC NNP 3136 183 17 ( ( -LRB- 3136 183 18 25.4 25.4 CD 3136 183 19 percent percent NN 3136 183 20 ) ) -RRB- 3136 183 21 is be VBZ 3136 183 22 noteworthy noteworthy JJ 3136 183 23 . . . 3136 184 1 One one CD 3136 184 2 possible possible JJ 3136 184 3 explanation explanation NN 3136 184 4 of of IN 3136 184 5 this this DT 3136 184 6 trend trend NN 3136 184 7 may may MD 3136 184 8 be be VB 3136 184 9 derived derive VBN 3136 184 10 from from IN 3136 184 11 the the DT 3136 184 12 fact fact NN 3136 184 13 that that IN 3136 184 14 semantic semantic JJ 3136 184 15 ambiguities ambiguity NNS 3136 184 16 and and CC 3136 184 17 overlaps overlap NNS 3136 184 18 in in IN 3136 184 19 some some DT 3136 184 20 of of IN 3136 184 21 the the DT 3136 184 22 Unqualified Unqualified NNP 3136 184 23 DC DC NNP 3136 184 24 elements element NNS 3136 184 25 interfere interfere JJ 3136 184 26 with with IN 3136 184 27 use use NN 3136 184 28 in in IN 3136 184 29 resource resource NN 3136 184 30 description.25 description.25 NNP 3136 184 31 Given give VBN 3136 184 32 the the DT 3136 184 33 earlier early JJR 3136 184 34 surveys survey NNS 3136 184 35 report- report- VBZ 3136 184 36 ing e VBG 3136 184 37 the the DT 3136 184 38 higher high JJR 3136 184 39 use use NN 3136 184 40 of of IN 3136 184 41 Unqualified unqualified JJ 3136 184 42 DC DC NNP 3136 184 43 over over IN 3136 184 44 Qualified Qualified NNP 3136 184 45 DC DC NNP 3136 184 46 , , , 3136 184 47 more more JJR 3136 184 48 in in IN 3136 184 49 - - HYPH 3136 184 50 depth depth NN 3136 184 51 examination examination NN 3136 184 52 of of IN 3136 184 53 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 184 54 use use NN 3136 184 55 trends trend NNS 3136 184 56 may may MD 3136 184 57 be be VB 3136 184 58 an an DT 3136 184 59 important important JJ 3136 184 60 avenue avenue NN 3136 184 61 for for IN 3136 184 62 future future JJ 3136 184 63 studies study NNS 3136 184 64 . . . 3136 185 1 Despite despite IN 3136 185 2 active active JJ 3136 185 3 research research NN 3136 185 4 and and CC 3136 185 5 promising promising JJ 3136 185 6 results result NNS 3136 185 7 obtained obtain VBN 3136 185 8 from from IN 3136 185 9 some some DT 3136 185 10 experimental experimental JJ 3136 185 11 tools tool NNS 3136 185 12 , , , 3136 185 13 practical practical JJ 3136 185 14 applications application NNS 3136 185 15 of of IN 3136 185 16 semiautomatic semiautomatic JJ 3136 185 17 metadata metadata NN 3136 185 18 generation generation NN 3136 185 19 have have VBP 3136 185 20 been be VBN 3136 185 21 incor- incor- RB 3136 185 22 porated porate VBN 3136 185 23 into into IN 3136 185 24 the the DT 3136 185 25 metadata metadata NN 3136 185 26 - - HYPH 3136 185 27 creation creation NN 3136 185 28 processes process NNS 3136 185 29 by by IN 3136 185 30 only only RB 3136 185 31 one one CD 3136 185 32 - - HYPH 3136 185 33 third third NN 3136 185 34 of of IN 3136 185 35 survey survey NN 3136 185 36 participants participant NNS 3136 185 37 . . . 3136 186 1 The the DT 3136 186 2 leading lead VBG 3136 186 3 criteria criterion NNS 3136 186 4 in in IN 3136 186 5 selecting select VBG 3136 186 6 metadata metadata NN 3136 186 7 and and CC 3136 186 8 controlled control VBN 3136 186 9 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 186 10 schemata schemata NN 3136 186 11 are be VBP 3136 186 12 derived derive VBN 3136 186 13 from from IN 3136 186 14 collec- collec- FW 3136 186 15 tion tion NN 3136 186 16 - - HYPH 3136 186 17 specific specific JJ 3136 186 18 considerations consideration NNS 3136 186 19 of of IN 3136 186 20 the the DT 3136 186 21 type type NN 3136 186 22 of of IN 3136 186 23 resources resource NNS 3136 186 24 , , , 3136 186 25 the the DT 3136 186 26 nature nature NN 3136 186 27 of of IN 3136 186 28 the the DT 3136 186 29 collections collection NNS 3136 186 30 , , , 3136 186 31 and and CC 3136 186 32 the the DT 3136 186 33 needs need NNS 3136 186 34 of of IN 3136 186 35 primary primary JJ 3136 186 36 users user NNS 3136 186 37 and and CC 3136 186 38 communities community NNS 3136 186 39 . . . 3136 187 1 Existing exist VBG 3136 187 2 technological technological JJ 3136 187 3 infrastructure infrastructure NN 3136 187 4 , , , 3136 187 5 encompassing encompass VBG 3136 187 6 digital digital JJ 3136 187 7 collection collection NN 3136 187 8 or or CC 3136 187 9 asset asset NN 3136 187 10 management management NN 3136 187 11 software software NN 3136 187 12 , , , 3136 187 13 archival archival NN 3136 187 14 management management NN 3136 187 15 software software NN 3136 187 16 , , , 3136 187 17 institutional institutional JJ 3136 187 18 repository repository NN 3136 187 19 software software NN 3136 187 20 , , , 3136 187 21 integrated integrate VBN 3136 187 22 library library NN 3136 187 23 systems system NNS 3136 187 24 , , , 3136 187 25 and and CC 3136 187 26 union union NN 3136 187 27 catalogs catalog NNS 3136 187 28 also also RB 3136 187 29 greatly greatly RB 3136 187 30 influence influence VBP 3136 187 31 the the DT 3136 187 32 selection selection NN 3136 187 33 pro- pro- NN 3136 187 34 cess cess NN 3136 187 35 . . . 3136 188 1 The the DT 3136 188 2 skills skill NNS 3136 188 3 and and CC 3136 188 4 knowledge knowledge NN 3136 188 5 of of IN 3136 188 6 metadata metadata NN 3136 188 7 professionals professional NNS 3136 188 8 and and CC 3136 188 9 the the DT 3136 188 10 expertise expertise NN 3136 188 11 of of IN 3136 188 12 staff staff NN 3136 188 13 also also RB 3136 188 14 are be VBP 3136 188 15 significant significant JJ 3136 188 16 factors factor NNS 3136 188 17 in in IN 3136 188 18 understanding understand VBG 3136 188 19 current current JJ 3136 188 20 practices practice NNS 3136 188 21 in in IN 3136 188 22 the the DT 3136 188 23 use use NN 3136 188 24 of of IN 3136 188 25 metadata metadata NN 3136 188 26 schemata schemata NNP 3136 188 27 and and CC 3136 188 28 controlled control VBN 3136 188 29 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 3136 188 30 for for IN 3136 188 31 subject subject JJ 3136 188 32 access access NN 3136 188 33 across across IN 3136 188 34 distributed distribute VBN 3136 188 35 digital digital JJ 3136 188 36 repositories repository NNS 3136 188 37 and and CC 3136 188 38 collections collection NNS 3136 188 39 . . . 3136 189 1 The the DT 3136 189 2 survey survey NN 3136 189 3 responses response NNS 3136 189 4 reveal reveal VBP 3136 189 5 that that DT 3136 189 6 metadata metadata NN 3136 189 7 interop- interop- NNP 3136 189 8 erability erability NN 3136 189 9 remains remain VBZ 3136 189 10 a a DT 3136 189 11 challenge challenge NN 3136 189 12 in in IN 3136 189 13 the the DT 3136 189 14 current current JJ 3136 189 15 networked networked JJ 3136 189 16 environment environment NN 3136 189 17 despite despite IN 3136 189 18 growing grow VBG 3136 189 19 awareness awareness NN 3136 189 20 of of IN 3136 189 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 3136 189 22 impor- impor- JJ 3136 189 23 tance tance NN 3136 189 24 . . . 3136 190 1 For for IN 3136 190 2 half half NN 3136 190 3 of of IN 3136 190 4 the the DT 3136 190 5 survey survey NN 3136 190 6 respondents respondent NNS 3136 190 7 , , , 3136 190 8 exposing expose VBG 3136 190 9 metadata metadata NN 3136 190 10 to to IN 3136 190 11 the the DT 3136 190 12 service service NN 3136 190 13 providers provider NNS 3136 190 14 , , , 3136 190 15 such such JJ 3136 190 16 as as IN 3136 190 17 OAI OAI NNP 3136 190 18 harvesters harvester NNS 3136 190 19 , , , 3136 190 20 union union NN 3136 190 21 catalogs catalog NNS 3136 190 22 , , , 3136 190 23 and and CC 3136 190 24 search search NN 3136 190 25 engines engine NNS 3136 190 26 , , , 3136 190 27 does do VBZ 3136 190 28 not not RB 3136 190 29 seem seem VB 3136 190 30 to to TO 3136 190 31 be be VB 3136 190 32 a a DT 3136 190 33 high high JJ 3136 190 34 priority priority NN 3136 190 35 because because IN 3136 190 36 of of IN 3136 190 37 local local JJ 3136 190 38 financial financial JJ 3136 190 39 , , , 3136 190 40 personnel personnel NNS 3136 190 41 , , , 3136 190 42 and and CC 3136 190 43 technical technical JJ 3136 190 44 constraints constraint NNS 3136 190 45 . . . 3136 191 1 Locally locally RB 3136 191 2 created create VBN 3136 191 3 metadata metadata NN 3136 191 4 elements element NNS 3136 191 5 are be VBP 3136 191 6 added add VBN 3136 191 7 in in IN 3136 191 8 many many JJ 3136 191 9 digital digital JJ 3136 191 10 repositories repository NNS 3136 191 11 and and CC 3136 191 12 collections collection NNS 3136 191 13 in in IN 3136 191 14 large large JJ 3136 191 15 part part NN 3136 191 16 to to TO 3136 191 17 meet meet VB 3136 191 18 local local JJ 3136 191 19 descriptive descriptive JJ 3136 191 20 needs need NNS 3136 191 21 and and CC 3136 191 22 serve serve VB 3136 191 23 the the DT 3136 191 24 target target NN 3136 191 25 user user NN 3136 191 26 community community NN 3136 191 27 . . . 3136 192 1 While while IN 3136 192 2 locally locally RB 3136 192 3 created create VBN 3136 192 4 metadata metadata NN 3136 192 5 elements element NNS 3136 192 6 accommodate accommodate VBP 3136 192 7 local local JJ 3136 192 8 needs need NNS 3136 192 9 , , , 3136 192 10 they -PRON- PRP 3136 192 11 may may MD 3136 192 12 also also RB 3136 192 13 hinder hinder VB 3136 192 14 metadata metadata NN 3136 192 15 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 192 16 across across IN 3136 192 17 digital digital JJ 3136 192 18 repositories repository NNS 3136 192 19 and and CC 3136 192 20 collections collection NNS 3136 192 21 when when WRB 3136 192 22 shareable shareable JJ 3136 192 23 mechanisms mechanism NNS 3136 192 24 are be VBP 3136 192 25 not not RB 3136 192 26 in in IN 3136 192 27 place place NN 3136 192 28 for for IN 3136 192 29 such such JJ 3136 192 30 locally locally RB 3136 192 31 defined define VBN 3136 192 32 extensions extension NNS 3136 192 33 and and CC 3136 192 34 variants variant NNS 3136 192 35 . . . 3136 193 1 Locally locally RB 3136 193 2 created create VBN 3136 193 3 metadata metadata NN 3136 193 4 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 193 5 and and CC 3136 193 6 application application NN 3136 193 7 profiles profile NNS 3136 193 8 are be VBP 3136 193 9 essential essential JJ 3136 193 10 for for IN 3136 193 11 metadata metadata NN 3136 193 12 creation creation NN 3136 193 13 and and CC 3136 193 14 quality quality NN 3136 193 15 assurance assurance NN 3136 193 16 ; ; : 3136 193 17 however however RB 3136 193 18 , , , 3136 193 19 most most RBS 3136 193 20 custom custom NN 3136 193 21 content content NN 3136 193 22 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 193 23 and and CC 3136 193 24 best good JJS 3136 193 25 practices practice NNS 3136 193 26 ( ( -LRB- 3136 193 27 72 72 CD 3136 193 28 percent percent NN 3136 193 29 ) ) -RRB- 3136 193 30 are be VBP 3136 193 31 not not RB 3136 193 32 made make VBN 3136 193 33 publicly publicly RB 3136 193 34 avail- avail- JJ 3136 193 35 able able JJ 3136 193 36 . . . 3136 194 1 The the DT 3136 194 2 lack lack NN 3136 194 3 of of IN 3136 194 4 a a DT 3136 194 5 mechanism mechanism NN 3136 194 6 to to TO 3136 194 7 facilitate facilitate VB 3136 194 8 public public JJ 3136 194 9 access access NN 3136 194 10 to to IN 3136 194 11 local local JJ 3136 194 12 application application NN 3136 194 13 profiles profile NNS 3136 194 14 and and CC 3136 194 15 metadata metadata NN 3136 194 16 guidelines guideline NNS 3136 194 17 may may MD 3136 194 18 environment environment VB 3136 194 19 , , , 3136 194 20 the the DT 3136 194 21 enormous enormous JJ 3136 194 22 volume volume NN 3136 194 23 of of IN 3136 194 24 online online JJ 3136 194 25 and and CC 3136 194 26 digital digital JJ 3136 194 27 resources resource NNS 3136 194 28 creates create VBZ 3136 194 29 an an DT 3136 194 30 impending impending JJ 3136 194 31 research research NN 3136 194 32 need need VB 3136 194 33 to to IN 3136 194 34 evalu- evalu- NNS 3136 194 35 ate eat VBD 3136 194 36 the the DT 3136 194 37 issues issue NNS 3136 194 38 surrounding surround VBG 3136 194 39 the the DT 3136 194 40 metadata metadata NN 3136 194 41 - - HYPH 3136 194 42 creation creation NN 3136 194 43 process process NN 3136 194 44 and and CC 3136 194 45 the the DT 3136 194 46 employment employment NN 3136 194 47 of of IN 3136 194 48 controlled control VBN 3136 194 49 vocabulary vocabulary JJ 3136 194 50 schemata schemata NN 3136 194 51 across across IN 3136 194 52 ever ever RB 3136 194 53 - - HYPH 3136 194 54 growing grow VBG 3136 194 55 distributed distribute VBN 3136 194 56 digital digital JJ 3136 194 57 repositories repository NNS 3136 194 58 and and CC 3136 194 59 collections collection NNS 3136 194 60 . . . 3136 195 1 In in IN 3136 195 2 this this DT 3136 195 3 paper paper NN 3136 195 4 we -PRON- PRP 3136 195 5 explored explore VBD 3136 195 6 the the DT 3136 195 7 current current JJ 3136 195 8 status status NN 3136 195 9 of of IN 3136 195 10 metadata metadata NN 3136 195 11 - - HYPH 3136 195 12 creation creation NN 3136 195 13 practices practice NNS 3136 195 14 through through IN 3136 195 15 an an DT 3136 195 16 examination examination NN 3136 195 17 of of IN 3136 195 18 survey survey NN 3136 195 19 responses response NNS 3136 195 20 drawn draw VBN 3136 195 21 mostly mostly RB 3136 195 22 from from IN 3136 195 23 cataloging cataloging NN 3136 195 24 and and CC 3136 195 25 metadata metadata NN 3136 195 26 professionals professional NNS 3136 195 27 ( ( -LRB- 3136 195 28 see see VB 3136 195 29 tables table NNS 3136 195 30 2 2 CD 3136 195 31 , , , 3136 195 32 3 3 CD 3136 195 33 , , , 3136 195 34 and and CC 3136 195 35 4 4 CD 3136 195 36 ) ) -RRB- 3136 195 37 . . . 3136 196 1 The the DT 3136 196 2 results result NNS 3136 196 3 of of IN 3136 196 4 the the DT 3136 196 5 study study NN 3136 196 6 indicate indicate VBP 3136 196 7 that that IN 3136 196 8 current current JJ 3136 196 9 metadata metadata NN 3136 196 10 practices practice NNS 3136 196 11 still still RB 3136 196 12 do do VBP 3136 196 13 not not RB 3136 196 14 create create VB 3136 196 15 conditions condition NNS 3136 196 16 for for IN 3136 196 17 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 196 18 . . . 3136 197 1 Despite despite IN 3136 197 2 the the DT 3136 197 3 proliferation proliferation NN 3136 197 4 of of IN 3136 197 5 newer new JJR 3136 197 6 metadata metadata NNP 3136 197 7 sche- sche- NNP 3136 197 8 mata mata NNP 3136 197 9 , , , 3136 197 10 the the DT 3136 197 11 survey survey NN 3136 197 12 responses response NNS 3136 197 13 showed show VBD 3136 197 14 that that IN 3136 197 15 MARC MARC NNP 3136 197 16 currently currently RB 3136 197 17 remains remain VBZ 3136 197 18 the the DT 3136 197 19 most most RBS 3136 197 20 widely widely RB 3136 197 21 used use VBN 3136 197 22 schema schema NN 3136 197 23 for for IN 3136 197 24 providing provide VBG 3136 197 25 resource resource NN 3136 197 26 description description NN 3136 197 27 and and CC 3136 197 28 access access NN 3136 197 29 in in IN 3136 197 30 digital digital JJ 3136 197 31 repositories repository NNS 3136 197 32 , , , 3136 197 33 collections collection NNS 3136 197 34 , , , 3136 197 35 and and CC 3136 197 36 libraries library NNS 3136 197 37 . . . 3136 198 1 The the DT 3136 198 2 continuing continue VBG 3136 198 3 predominance predominance NN 3136 198 4 of of IN 3136 198 5 MARC MARC NNP 3136 198 6 goes go VBZ 3136 198 7 hand hand NN 3136 198 8 - - HYPH 3136 198 9 in in IN 3136 198 10 - - HYPH 3136 198 11 hand hand NN 3136 198 12 with with IN 3136 198 13 the the DT 3136 198 14 use use NN 3136 198 15 of of IN 3136 198 16 AACR2 AACR2 NNP 3136 198 17 as as IN 3136 198 18 the the DT 3136 198 19 primary primary JJ 3136 198 20 content content NN 3136 198 21 standard standard NN 3136 198 22 for for IN 3136 198 23 selecting selecting NN 3136 198 24 and and CC 3136 198 25 represent- represent- NNP 3136 198 26 ing ing NNP 3136 198 27 data data NN 3136 198 28 values value NNS 3136 198 29 for for IN 3136 198 30 descriptive descriptive JJ 3136 198 31 metadata metadata NN 3136 198 32 elements element NNS 3136 198 33 . . . 3136 199 1 LCSH LCSH NNP 3136 199 2 is be VBZ 3136 199 3 used use VBN 3136 199 4 as as IN 3136 199 5 the the DT 3136 199 6 de de FW 3136 199 7 facto facto FW 3136 199 8 controlled controlled JJ 3136 199 9 vocabulary vocabulary NN 3136 199 10 schema schema NN 3136 199 11 for for IN 3136 199 12 providing provide VBG 3136 199 13 subject subject JJ 3136 199 14 access access NN 3136 199 15 in in IN 3136 199 16 all all DT 3136 199 17 types type NNS 3136 199 18 of of IN 3136 199 19 digital digital JJ 3136 199 20 repositories repository NNS 3136 199 21 and and CC 3136 199 22 collections collection NNS 3136 199 23 , , , 3136 199 24 while while IN 3136 199 25 domain domain NN 3136 199 26 - - HYPH 3136 199 27 specific specific JJ 3136 199 28 subject subject NN 3136 199 29 terminolo- terminolo- NN 3136 199 30 gies gy NNS 3136 199 31 such such JJ 3136 199 32 as as IN 3136 199 33 AAT AAT NNP 3136 199 34 are be VBP 3136 199 35 applied apply VBN 3136 199 36 at at IN 3136 199 37 significantly significantly RB 3136 199 38 higher high JJR 3136 199 39 rates rate NNS 3136 199 40 in in IN 3136 199 41 digital digital JJ 3136 199 42 repositories repository NNS 3136 199 43 handling handle VBG 3136 199 44 nonprint nonprint NN 3136 199 45 resources resource NNS 3136 199 46 such such JJ 3136 199 47 as as IN 3136 199 48 images image NNS 3136 199 49 , , , 3136 199 50 cultural cultural JJ 3136 199 51 objects object NNS 3136 199 52 , , , 3136 199 53 and and CC 3136 199 54 archival archival NN 3136 199 55 materials material NNS 3136 199 56 . . . 3136 200 1 Table table NN 3136 200 2 8 8 CD 3136 200 3 . . . 3136 201 1 Sample sample NN 3136 201 2 reasons reason NNS 3136 201 3 for for IN 3136 201 4 not not RB 3136 201 5 exposing expose VBG 3136 201 6 metadata metadata NN 3136 201 7 Not not RB 3136 201 8 all all DT 3136 201 9 our -PRON- PRP$ 3136 201 10 metadata metadata NN 3136 201 11 conforms conform VBZ 3136 201 12 to to IN 3136 201 13 standards standard NNS 3136 201 14 required require VBN 3136 201 15 Not not RB 3136 201 16 all all DT 3136 201 17 our -PRON- PRP$ 3136 201 18 metadata metadata NN 3136 201 19 is be VBZ 3136 201 20 OAI OAI NNP 3136 201 21 compliant compliant JJ 3136 201 22 Lack lack NN 3136 201 23 of of IN 3136 201 24 expertise expertise NN 3136 201 25 and and CC 3136 201 26 time time NN 3136 201 27 and and CC 3136 201 28 money money NN 3136 201 29 to to TO 3136 201 30 develop develop VB 3136 201 31 it -PRON- PRP 3136 201 32 IT it NN 3136 201 33 restrictions restriction NNS 3136 201 34 Security security NN 3136 201 35 concerns concern NNS 3136 201 36 on on IN 3136 201 37 the the DT 3136 201 38 part part NN 3136 201 39 of of IN 3136 201 40 our -PRON- PRP$ 3136 201 41 information information NN 3136 201 42 technology technology NN 3136 201 43 department department NN 3136 201 44 Some some DT 3136 201 45 collections collection NNS 3136 201 46 / / SYM 3136 201 47 records record NNS 3136 201 48 are be VBP 3136 201 49 limited limited JJ 3136 201 50 access access NN 3136 201 51 and and CC 3136 201 52 not not RB 3136 201 53 open open JJ 3136 201 54 to to IN 3136 201 55 the the DT 3136 201 56 general general JJ 3136 201 57 public public NN 3136 201 58 We -PRON- PRP 3136 201 59 think think VBP 3136 201 60 that that IN 3136 201 61 having have VBG 3136 201 62 WorldCat WorldCat NNP 3136 201 63 available available JJ 3136 201 64 for for IN 3136 201 65 traditional traditional JJ 3136 201 66 library library NN 3136 201 67 materials material NNS 3136 201 68 that that IN 3136 201 69 many many JJ 3136 201 70 libraries library NNS 3136 201 71 have have VBP 3136 201 72 is be VBZ 3136 201 73 a a DT 3136 201 74 better well JJR 3136 201 75 service service NN 3136 201 76 to to IN 3136 201 77 people people NNS 3136 201 78 than than IN 3136 201 79 having have VBG 3136 201 80 each each DT 3136 201 81 library library NN 3136 201 82 dump dump VB 3136 201 83 our -PRON- PRP$ 3136 201 84 catalog catalog NN 3136 201 85 out out RP 3136 201 86 on on IN 3136 201 87 the the DT 3136 201 88 web web NN 3136 201 89 Varies Varies NNPS 3136 201 90 by by IN 3136 201 91 tool tool NN 3136 201 92 and and CC 3136 201 93 collection collection NN 3136 201 94 , , , 3136 201 95 but but CC 3136 201 96 usually usually RB 3136 201 97 a a DT 3136 201 98 restriction restriction NN 3136 201 99 on on IN 3136 201 100 the the DT 3136 201 101 material material NN 3136 201 102 , , , 3136 201 103 a a DT 3136 201 104 technical technical JJ 3136 201 105 barrier barrier NN 3136 201 106 , , , 3136 201 107 or or CC 3136 201 108 a a DT 3136 201 109 feeling feeling NN 3136 201 110 that that IN 3136 201 111 for for IN 3136 201 112 some some DT 3136 201 113 collections collection NNS 3136 201 114 the the DT 3136 201 115 data data NN 3136 201 116 is be VBZ 3136 201 117 not not RB 3136 201 118 yet yet RB 3136 201 119 sufficiently sufficiently RB 3136 201 120 robust robust JJ 3136 201 121 “ " `` 3136 201 122 still still RB 3136 201 123 in in IN 3136 201 124 a a DT 3136 201 125 work work NN 3136 201 126 in in IN 3136 201 127 progress progress NN 3136 201 128 ” " '' 3136 201 129 Survey survey NN 3136 201 130 question question NN 3136 201 131 : : : 3136 201 132 If if IN 3136 201 133 you -PRON- PRP 3136 201 134 selected select VBD 3136 201 135 “ " `` 3136 201 136 some some DT 3136 201 137 , , , 3136 201 138 but but CC 3136 201 139 not not RB 3136 201 140 all all DT 3136 201 141 ” " '' 3136 201 142 or or CC 3136 201 143 “ " `` 3136 201 144 no no UH 3136 201 145 ” " '' 3136 201 146 in in IN 3136 201 147 question question NN 3136 201 148 13 13 CD 3136 201 149 [ [ -LRB- 3136 201 150 see see VBP 3136 201 151 figure figure NN 3136 201 152 6 6 CD 3136 201 153 ] ] -RRB- 3136 201 154 , , , 3136 201 155 please please UH 3136 201 156 tell tell VB 3136 201 157 why why WRB 3136 201 158 you -PRON- PRP 3136 201 159 do do VBP 3136 201 160 not not RB 3136 201 161 expose expose VB 3136 201 162 your -PRON- PRP$ 3136 201 163 metadata metadata NN 3136 201 164 . . . 3136 202 1 MetADAtA MetADAtA NNP 3136 202 2 creAtioN creAtioN NNP 3136 202 3 prActices prActices NNP 3136 202 4 iN in IN 3136 202 5 DiGitAl digital NN 3136 202 6 repositories repository NNS 3136 202 7 AND and CC 3136 202 8 collectioNs collections CD 3136 202 9 | | NNS 3136 202 10 pArK pArK NNS 3136 202 11 AND and CC 3136 202 12 tosAKA tosAKA NNP 3136 202 13 115 115 CD 3136 202 14 presented present VBD 3136 202 15 at at IN 3136 202 16 2003 2003 CD 3136 202 17 Dublin Dublin NNP 3136 202 18 Core Core NNP 3136 202 19 Conference Conference NNP 3136 202 20 : : : 3136 202 21 Supporting support VBG 3136 202 22 Commu- Commu- NNP 3136 202 23 nities nitie NNS 3136 202 24 of of IN 3136 202 25 Discourse Discourse NNP 3136 202 26 and and CC 3136 202 27 Practice Practice NNP 3136 202 28 — — : 3136 202 29 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 202 30 Research Research NNP 3136 202 31 & & CC 3136 202 32 Appli- Appli- NNP 3136 202 33 cations cation NNS 3136 202 34 , , , 3136 202 35 Seattle Seattle NNP 3136 202 36 , , , 3136 202 37 Wash. Washington NNP 3136 202 38 , , , 3136 202 39 Sept. September NNP 3136 202 40 28–Oct 28–Oct NNP 3136 202 41 . . . 3136 203 1 2 2 CD 3136 203 2 , , , 3136 203 3 2003 2003 CD 3136 203 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 203 5 , , , 3136 203 6 http://dcpapers http://dcpapers ADD 3136 203 7 .dublincore.org .dublincore.org . 3136 203 8 / / SYM 3136 203 9 ojs ojs NNP 3136 203 10 / / SYM 3136 203 11 pubs pub NNS 3136 203 12 / / SYM 3136 203 13 article article NN 3136 203 14 / / SYM 3136 203 15 view/732/728 view/732/728 NNP 3136 203 16 ( ( -LRB- 3136 203 17 accessed access VBN 3136 203 18 Mar. March NNP 3136 204 1 24 24 CD 3136 204 2 , , , 3136 204 3 2009 2009 CD 3136 204 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 204 5 ; ; : 3136 204 6 Sarah Sarah NNP 3136 204 7 Currier Currier NNP 3136 204 8 et et NNP 3136 204 9 al al NNP 3136 204 10 . . NNP 3136 204 11 , , , 3136 204 12 “ " `` 3136 204 13 Quality Quality NNP 3136 204 14 Assurance Assurance NNP 3136 204 15 for for IN 3136 204 16 Digital Digital NNP 3136 204 17 Learning Learning NNP 3136 204 18 Object Object NNP 3136 204 19 Repositories Repositories NNPS 3136 204 20 : : : 3136 204 21 Issues issue NNS 3136 204 22 for for IN 3136 204 23 the the DT 3136 204 24 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 204 25 - - HYPH 3136 204 26 creation creation NN 3136 204 27 process process NN 3136 204 28 , , , 3136 204 29 ” " '' 3136 204 30 ALT ALT NNP 3136 204 31 - - HYPH 3136 204 32 J J NNP 3136 204 33 12 12 CD 3136 204 34 ( ( -LRB- 3136 204 35 2004 2004 CD 3136 204 36 ) ) -RRB- 3136 204 37 : : : 3136 204 38 5–20 5–20 CD 3136 204 39 . . . 3136 205 1 3 3 LS 3136 205 2 . . . 3136 206 1 Jin Jin NNP 3136 206 2 Ma Ma NNP 3136 206 3 , , , 3136 206 4 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 206 5 , , , 3136 206 6 SPEC spec NN 3136 206 7 Kit kit NN 3136 206 8 298 298 CD 3136 206 9 ( ( -LRB- 3136 206 10 Washington Washington NNP 3136 206 11 , , , 3136 206 12 D.C. D.C. NNP 3136 206 13 : : : 3136 206 14 Asso- asso- IN 3136 206 15 ciation ciation NN 3136 206 16 of of IN 3136 206 17 Research Research NNP 3136 206 18 Libraries Libraries NNPS 3136 206 19 , , , 3136 206 20 2007 2007 CD 3136 206 21 ) ) -RRB- 3136 206 22 : : : 3136 206 23 13 13 CD 3136 206 24 , , , 3136 206 25 28 28 CD 3136 206 26 . . . 3136 207 1 4 4 LS 3136 207 2 . . . 3136 208 1 Ibid Ibid NNP 3136 208 2 . . . 3136 208 3 , , , 3136 208 4 12 12 CD 3136 208 5 , , , 3136 208 6 21–22 21–22 CD 3136 208 7 . . . 3136 209 1 5 5 CD 3136 209 2 . . . 3136 210 1 Karen Karen NNP 3136 210 2 Smith Smith NNP 3136 210 3 - - HYPH 3136 210 4 Yoshimura Yoshimura NNP 3136 210 5 , , , 3136 210 6 RLG RLG NNP 3136 210 7 Programs Programs NNP 3136 210 8 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3136 210 9 Meta- Meta- NNP 3136 210 10 data datum NNS 3136 210 11 Practices Practices NNPS 3136 210 12 Survey Survey NNP 3136 210 13 Results Results NNP 3136 210 14 ( ( -LRB- 3136 210 15 Dublin Dublin NNP 3136 210 16 , , , 3136 210 17 Ohio Ohio NNP 3136 210 18 : : : 3136 210 19 OCLC oclc NN 3136 210 20 , , , 3136 210 21 2007 2007 CD 3136 210 22 ) ) -RRB- 3136 210 23 : : : 3136 210 24 6–7 6–7 CD 3136 210 25 , , , 3136 210 26 http://www.oclc.org/programs/publications/reports/2007-03 http://www.oclc.org/programs/publications/reports/2007-03 ADD 3136 210 27 .pdf .pdf . 3136 210 28 ( ( -LRB- 3136 210 29 accessed access VBN 3136 210 30 Mar. March NNP 3136 211 1 24 24 CD 3136 211 2 , , , 3136 211 3 2009 2009 CD 3136 211 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 211 5 ; ; : 3136 211 6 Karen Karen NNP 3136 211 7 Smith Smith NNP 3136 211 8 - - HYPH 3136 211 9 Yoshimura Yoshimura NNP 3136 211 10 and and CC 3136 211 11 Diane Diane NNP 3136 211 12 Cellentani Cellentani NNP 3136 211 13 , , , 3136 211 14 RLG RLG NNP 3136 211 15 Programs Programs NNP 3136 211 16 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3136 211 17 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 211 18 Practices Practices NNPS 3136 211 19 Survey Survey NNP 3136 211 20 Results result NNS 3136 211 21 : : : 3136 211 22 Data Data NNP 3136 211 23 Supplement Supplement NNP 3136 211 24 ( ( -LRB- 3136 211 25 Dublin Dublin NNP 3136 211 26 , , , 3136 211 27 Ohio Ohio NNP 3136 211 28 : : : 3136 211 29 OCLC oclc NN 3136 211 30 , , , 3136 211 31 2007 2007 CD 3136 211 32 ) ) -RRB- 3136 211 33 : : : 3136 211 34 16 16 CD 3136 211 35 , , , 3136 211 36 http://www.oclc.org/programs/publications/reports/2007-04 http://www.oclc.org/programs/publications/reports/2007-04 ADD 3136 211 37 .pdf .pdf . 3136 211 38 ( ( -LRB- 3136 211 39 accessed access VBN 3136 211 40 Mar. March NNP 3136 212 1 24 24 CD 3136 212 2 , , , 3136 212 3 2009 2009 CD 3136 212 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 212 5 . . . 3136 213 1 6 6 CD 3136 213 2 . . . 3136 214 1 Carole Carole NNP 3136 214 2 Palmer Palmer NNP 3136 214 3 , , , 3136 214 4 Oksana Oksana NNP 3136 214 5 Zavalina Zavalina NNP 3136 214 6 , , , 3136 214 7 and and CC 3136 214 8 Megan Megan NNP 3136 214 9 Mustafoff Mustafoff NNP 3136 214 10 , , , 3136 214 11 “ " `` 3136 214 12 Trends Trends NNPS 3136 214 13 in in IN 3136 214 14 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 214 15 Practices Practices NNPS 3136 214 16 : : : 3136 214 17 A a DT 3136 214 18 Longitudinal Longitudinal NNP 3136 214 19 Study Study NNP 3136 214 20 of of IN 3136 214 21 Col- Col- NNP 3136 214 22 lection lection NN 3136 214 23 Federation Federation NNP 3136 214 24 ” " '' 3136 214 25 ( ( -LRB- 3136 214 26 paper paper NN 3136 214 27 presented present VBN 3136 214 28 at at IN 3136 214 29 the the DT 3136 214 30 Seventh Seventh NNP 3136 214 31 ACM/ ACM/ NNP 3136 214 32 IEES IEES NNP 3136 214 33 - - HYPH 3136 214 34 CS CS NNP 3136 214 35 Joint Joint NNP 3136 214 36 Conference Conference NNP 3136 214 37 on on IN 3136 214 38 Digital Digital NNP 3136 214 39 Libraries Libraries NNP 3136 214 40 , , , 3136 214 41 Vancouver Vancouver NNP 3136 214 42 , , , 3136 214 43 Brit- Brit- NNP 3136 214 44 ish ish NNP 3136 214 45 Columbia Columbia NNP 3136 214 46 , , , 3136 214 47 Canada Canada NNP 3136 214 48 , , , 3136 214 49 June June NNP 3136 214 50 18–23 18–23 CD 3136 214 51 , , , 3136 214 52 2007 2007 CD 3136 214 53 ) ) -RRB- 3136 214 54 , , , 3136 214 55 http://hdl.handle http://hdl.handle NNP 3136 214 56 .net/2142/8984 .net/2142/8984 NNP 3136 214 57 ( ( -LRB- 3136 214 58 accessed access VBN 3136 214 59 Mar. March NNP 3136 215 1 24 24 CD 3136 215 2 , , , 3136 215 3 2009 2009 CD 3136 215 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 215 5 . . . 3136 216 1 7 7 LS 3136 216 2 . . . 3136 217 1 Smith Smith NNP 3136 217 2 - - HYPH 3136 217 3 Yoshimura Yoshimura NNP 3136 217 4 , , , 3136 217 5 RLG RLG NNP 3136 217 6 Programs Programs NNP 3136 217 7 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3136 217 8 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 217 9 Prac- prac- NN 3136 217 10 tices tice NNS 3136 217 11 Survey Survey NNP 3136 217 12 Results Results NNPS 3136 217 13 , , , 3136 217 14 7 7 CD 3136 217 15 ; ; : 3136 217 16 Smith Smith NNP 3136 217 17 - - HYPH 3136 217 18 Yoshimura Yoshimura NNP 3136 217 19 and and CC 3136 217 20 Cellentani Cellentani NNP 3136 217 21 , , , 3136 217 22 RLG RLG NNP 3136 217 23 Programs Programs NNP 3136 217 24 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3136 217 25 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 217 26 Practices Practices NNPS 3136 217 27 Survey Survey NNP 3136 217 28 Results Results NNPS 3136 217 29 , , , 3136 217 30 17 17 CD 3136 217 31 . . . 3136 218 1 8 8 LS 3136 218 2 . . . 3136 219 1 Ma Ma NNP 3136 219 2 , , , 3136 219 3 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 219 4 , , , 3136 219 5 12 12 CD 3136 219 6 , , , 3136 219 7 22–23 22–23 CD 3136 219 8 . . . 3136 220 1 9 9 CD 3136 220 2 . . . 3136 221 1 Smith Smith NNP 3136 221 2 - - HYPH 3136 221 3 Yoshimura Yoshimura NNP 3136 221 4 , , , 3136 221 5 RLG RLG NNP 3136 221 6 Programs Programs NNP 3136 221 7 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3136 221 8 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 221 9 Prac- prac- NN 3136 221 10 tices tice NNS 3136 221 11 Survey Survey NNP 3136 221 12 Results Results NNPS 3136 221 13 , , , 3136 221 14 7 7 CD 3136 221 15 ; ; : 3136 221 16 Smith Smith NNP 3136 221 17 - - HYPH 3136 221 18 Yoshimura Yoshimura NNP 3136 221 19 and and CC 3136 221 20 Cellentani Cellentani NNP 3136 221 21 , , , 3136 221 22 RLG RLG NNP 3136 221 23 Programs Programs NNP 3136 221 24 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3136 221 25 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 221 26 Practices Practices NNPS 3136 221 27 Survey Survey NNP 3136 221 28 Results Results NNPS 3136 221 29 , , , 3136 221 30 18–21 18–21 CD 3136 221 31 . . . 3136 222 1 10 10 CD 3136 222 2 . . . 3136 223 1 Karen Karen NNP 3136 223 2 Markey Markey NNP 3136 223 3 et et NNP 3136 223 4 al al NNP 3136 223 5 . . NNP 3136 223 6 , , , 3136 223 7 Census Census NNP 3136 223 8 of of IN 3136 223 9 Institutional Institutional NNP 3136 223 10 Repositories Repositories NNP 3136 223 11 in in IN 3136 223 12 the the DT 3136 223 13 United United NNP 3136 223 14 States States NNP 3136 223 15 : : : 3136 223 16 MIRACLE MIRACLE NNP 3136 223 17 Project Project NNP 3136 223 18 Research Research NNP 3136 223 19 Findings Findings NNPS 3136 223 20 ( ( -LRB- 3136 223 21 Washing- Washing- NNP 3136 223 22 ton ton NN 3136 223 23 , , , 3136 223 24 D.C. D.C. NNP 3136 223 25 : : : 3136 223 26 Council Council NNP 3136 223 27 on on IN 3136 223 28 Library Library NNP 3136 223 29 & & CC 3136 223 30 Information Information NNP 3136 223 31 Resources Resources NNP 3136 223 32 , , , 3136 223 33 2007 2007 CD 3136 223 34 ) ) -RRB- 3136 223 35 : : : 3136 223 36 3 3 CD 3136 223 37 , , , 3136 223 38 46–50 46–50 CD 3136 223 39 , , , 3136 223 40 http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub140/pub140.pdf http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub140/pub140.pdf NNP 3136 223 41 ( ( -LRB- 3136 223 42 accessed access VBN 3136 223 43 Mar. March NNP 3136 224 1 24 24 CD 3136 224 2 , , , 3136 224 3 2009 2009 CD 3136 224 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 224 5 . . . 3136 225 1 11 11 CD 3136 225 2 . . . 3136 226 1 Yoshimura Yoshimura NNP 3136 226 2 and and CC 3136 226 3 Cellentani Cellentani NNP 3136 226 4 , , , 3136 226 5 RLG RLG NNP 3136 226 6 Programs Programs NNP 3136 226 7 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3136 226 8 Meta- Meta- NNP 3136 226 9 data datum NNS 3136 226 10 Practices Practices NNPS 3136 226 11 Survey Survey NNP 3136 226 12 Results Results NNPS 3136 226 13 , , , 3136 226 14 24 24 CD 3136 226 15 . . . 3136 227 1 12 12 CD 3136 227 2 . . . 3136 228 1 University University NNP 3136 228 2 of of IN 3136 228 3 Houston Houston NNP 3136 228 4 Libraries Libraries NNPS 3136 228 5 Institutional Institutional NNP 3136 228 6 Repository Repository NNP 3136 228 7 Task Task NNP 3136 228 8 Force Force NNP 3136 228 9 , , , 3136 228 10 Institutional Institutional NNP 3136 228 11 Repositories Repositories NNPS 3136 228 12 , , , 3136 228 13 SPEC SPEC NNP 3136 228 14 Kit kit NN 3136 228 15 292 292 CD 3136 228 16 ( ( -LRB- 3136 228 17 Washington Washington NNP 3136 228 18 , , , 3136 228 19 D.C. D.C. NNP 3136 228 20 : : : 3136 228 21 Association Association NNP 3136 228 22 of of IN 3136 228 23 Research Research NNP 3136 228 24 Libraries Libraries NNPS 3136 228 25 , , , 3136 228 26 2006 2006 CD 3136 228 27 ) ) -RRB- 3136 228 28 : : : 3136 228 29 18 18 CD 3136 228 30 , , , 3136 228 31 78 78 CD 3136 228 32 . . . 3136 229 1 13 13 CD 3136 229 2 . . . 3136 230 1 Ma Ma NNP 3136 230 2 , , , 3136 230 3 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 230 4 , , , 3136 230 5 13 13 CD 3136 230 6 , , , 3136 230 7 28 28 CD 3136 230 8 . . . 3136 231 1 14 14 CD 3136 231 2 . . . 3136 232 1 Smith Smith NNP 3136 232 2 - - HYPH 3136 232 3 Yoshimura Yoshimura NNP 3136 232 4 , , , 3136 232 5 RLG RLG NNP 3136 232 6 Programs Programs NNP 3136 232 7 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3136 232 8 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 232 9 Prac- prac- NN 3136 232 10 tices tice NNS 3136 232 11 Survey Survey NNP 3136 232 12 Results Results NNPS 3136 232 13 , , , 3136 232 14 9 9 CD 3136 232 15 , , , 3136 232 16 11 11 CD 3136 232 17 ; ; : 3136 232 18 Smith Smith NNP 3136 232 19 - - HYPH 3136 232 20 Yoshimura Yoshimura NNP 3136 232 21 and and CC 3136 232 22 Cellentani Cellentani NNP 3136 232 23 , , , 3136 232 24 RLG RLG NNP 3136 232 25 Programs Programs NNP 3136 232 26 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3136 232 27 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 232 28 Practices Practices NNPS 3136 232 29 Survey Survey NNP 3136 232 30 Results Results NNPS 3136 232 31 , , , 3136 232 32 27–29 27–29 CD 3136 232 33 . . . 3136 233 1 15 15 CD 3136 233 2 . . . 3136 234 1 For for IN 3136 234 2 the the DT 3136 234 3 metrics metric NNS 3136 234 4 of of IN 3136 234 5 job job NN 3136 234 6 responsibilities responsibility NNS 3136 234 7 used use VBN 3136 234 8 to to TO 3136 234 9 analyze analyze VB 3136 234 10 job job NN 3136 234 11 descriptions description NNS 3136 234 12 and and CC 3136 234 13 competencies competency NNS 3136 234 14 of of IN 3136 234 15 cataloging cataloging NN 3136 234 16 and and CC 3136 234 17 metadata metadata NN 3136 234 18 professionals professional NNS 3136 234 19 , , , 3136 234 20 see see VB 3136 234 21 Jung Jung NNP 3136 234 22 - - HYPH 3136 234 23 ran ran NNP 3136 234 24 Park Park NNP 3136 234 25 , , , 3136 234 26 Caimei Caimei NNP 3136 234 27 Lu Lu NNP 3136 234 28 , , , 3136 234 29 and and CC 3136 234 30 Linda Linda NNP 3136 234 31 Marion Marion NNP 3136 234 32 , , , 3136 234 33 “ " `` 3136 234 34 Cataloging catalog VBG 3136 234 35 Professionals Professionals NNPS 3136 234 36 in in IN 3136 234 37 the the DT 3136 234 38 Digital Digital NNP 3136 234 39 Environment Environment NNP 3136 234 40 : : : 3136 234 41 A a DT 3136 234 42 Content Content NNP 3136 234 43 Analysis Analysis NNP 3136 234 44 of of IN 3136 234 45 Job Job NNP 3136 234 46 Descriptions Descriptions NNP 3136 234 47 , , , 3136 234 48 ” " '' 3136 234 49 Journal Journal NNP 3136 234 50 of of IN 3136 234 51 the the DT 3136 234 52 American American NNP 3136 234 53 Society Society NNP 3136 234 54 for for IN 3136 234 55 Information Information NNP 3136 234 56 Science Science NNP 3136 234 57 & & CC 3136 234 58 Technology Technology NNP 3136 234 59 60 60 CD 3136 234 60 ( ( -LRB- 3136 234 61 2009 2009 CD 3136 234 62 ) ) -RRB- 3136 234 63 : : : 3136 234 64 844–57 844–57 CD 3136 234 65 ; ; : 3136 234 66 Jung Jung NNP 3136 234 67 - - HYPH 3136 234 68 ran run VBD 3136 234 69 Park Park NNP 3136 234 70 and and CC 3136 234 71 Caimei Caimei NNP 3136 234 72 Lu Lu NNP 3136 234 73 , , , 3136 234 74 “ " `` 3136 234 75 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 234 76 Professionals professional NNS 3136 234 77 : : : 3136 234 78 Roles Roles NNPS 3136 234 79 and and CC 3136 234 80 Competen- Competen- NNP 3136 234 81 cies cie NNS 3136 234 82 as as IN 3136 234 83 Reflected reflect VBN 3136 234 84 in in IN 3136 234 85 Job Job NNP 3136 234 86 Announcements Announcements NNP 3136 234 87 , , , 3136 234 88 2003–2006 2003–2006 CD 3136 234 89 , , , 3136 234 90 ” " '' 3136 234 91 Cataloging Cataloging NNP 3136 234 92 & & CC 3136 234 93 Classification Classification NNP 3136 234 94 Quarterly Quarterly NNP 3136 234 95 47 47 CD 3136 234 96 ( ( -LRB- 3136 234 97 2009 2009 CD 3136 234 98 ) ) -RRB- 3136 234 99 : : : 3136 234 100 145–60 145–60 CD 3136 234 101 . . . 3136 235 1 16 16 CD 3136 235 2 . . . 3136 236 1 Ma Ma NNP 3136 236 2 , , , 3136 236 3 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 236 4 ; ; : 3136 236 5 Smith Smith NNP 3136 236 6 - - HYPH 3136 236 7 Yoshimura Yoshimura NNP 3136 236 8 , , , 3136 236 9 RLG RLG NNP 3136 236 10 Programs Programs NNP 3136 236 11 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3136 236 12 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 236 13 Practices Practices NNPS 3136 236 14 Survey Survey NNP 3136 236 15 Result Result NNP 3136 236 16 . . . 3136 237 1 17 17 CD 3136 237 2 . . . 3136 238 1 Jung Jung NNP 3136 238 2 - - HYPH 3136 238 3 ran run VBD 3136 238 4 Park Park NNP 3136 238 5 and and CC 3136 238 6 Eric Eric NNP 3136 238 7 Childress Childress NNP 3136 238 8 , , , 3136 238 9 “ " `` 3136 238 10 Dublin Dublin NNP 3136 238 11 Core Core NNP 3136 238 12 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 238 13 Semantics Semantics NNPS 3136 238 14 : : : 3136 238 15 An an DT 3136 238 16 Analysis Analysis NNP 3136 238 17 of of IN 3136 238 18 the the DT 3136 238 19 Perspectives perspective NNS 3136 238 20 of of IN 3136 238 21 Information Information NNP 3136 238 22 Pro- Pro- NNP 3136 238 23 fessionals fessional NNS 3136 238 24 , , , 3136 238 25 ” " '' 3136 238 26 Joural Joural NNP 3136 238 27 of of IN 3136 238 28 Information Information NNP 3136 238 29 Science Science NNP 3136 238 30 35 35 CD 3136 238 31 , , , 3136 238 32 no no UH 3136 238 33 . . . 3136 239 1 6 6 CD 3136 239 2 ( ( -LRB- 3136 239 3 2009 2009 CD 3136 239 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 239 5 : : : 3136 239 6 727–39 727–39 CD 3136 239 7 . . . 3136 240 1 18 18 CD 3136 240 2 . . . 3136 241 1 Park park VB 3136 241 2 , , , 3136 241 3 “ " `` 3136 241 4 Semantic Semantic NNP 3136 241 5 Interoperability Interoperability NNP 3136 241 6 . . . 3136 241 7 ” " '' 3136 241 8 19 19 CD 3136 241 9 . . . 3136 242 1 Jung Jung NNP 3136 242 2 - - HYPH 3136 242 3 ran ran NNP 3136 242 4 Park Park NNP 3136 242 5 , , , 3136 242 6 “ " `` 3136 242 7 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 242 8 Quality Quality NNP 3136 242 9 in in IN 3136 242 10 Digital Digital NNP 3136 242 11 Repositories Repositories NNP 3136 242 12 : : : 3136 242 13 hinder hinder NNP 3136 242 14 cross cross NN 3136 242 15 - - JJ 3136 242 16 checking check VBG 3136 242 17 for for IN 3136 242 18 quality quality NN 3136 242 19 metadata metadata NN 3136 242 20 and and CC 3136 242 21 creating create VBG 3136 242 22 shareable shareable JJ 3136 242 23 metadata metadata NN 3136 242 24 that that WDT 3136 242 25 can can MD 3136 242 26 be be VB 3136 242 27 harvested harvest VBN 3136 242 28 for for IN 3136 242 29 a a DT 3136 242 30 high high JJ 3136 242 31 level level NN 3136 242 32 of of IN 3136 242 33 consistency consistency NN 3136 242 34 and and CC 3136 242 35 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 242 36 across across IN 3136 242 37 distributed distribute VBN 3136 242 38 digital digital JJ 3136 242 39 collections collection NNS 3136 242 40 and and CC 3136 242 41 repositories repository NNS 3136 242 42 . . . 3136 243 1 Development development NN 3136 243 2 of of IN 3136 243 3 a a DT 3136 243 4 searchable searchable JJ 3136 243 5 registry registry NN 3136 243 6 for for IN 3136 243 7 publicly publicly RB 3136 243 8 available available JJ 3136 243 9 metadata metadata NN 3136 243 10 guide- guide- NN 3136 243 11 lines line NNS 3136 243 12 has have VBZ 3136 243 13 potential potential JJ 3136 243 14 to to TO 3136 243 15 enhance enhance VB 3136 243 16 metadata metadata NN 3136 243 17 interoperability interoperability NN 3136 243 18 . . . 3136 244 1 A a DT 3136 244 2 constraining constraining JJ 3136 244 3 factor factor NN 3136 244 4 of of IN 3136 244 5 this this DT 3136 244 6 study study NN 3136 244 7 derives derive VBZ 3136 244 8 from from IN 3136 244 9 the the DT 3136 244 10 participant participant JJ 3136 244 11 population population NN 3136 244 12 ; ; : 3136 244 13 thus thus RB 3136 244 14 we -PRON- PRP 3136 244 15 have have VBP 3136 244 16 not not RB 3136 244 17 attempted attempt VBN 3136 244 18 to to TO 3136 244 19 generalize generalize VB 3136 244 20 the the DT 3136 244 21 findings finding NNS 3136 244 22 of of IN 3136 244 23 the the DT 3136 244 24 study study NN 3136 244 25 . . . 3136 245 1 However however RB 3136 245 2 , , , 3136 245 3 results result NNS 3136 245 4 indicate indicate VBP 3136 245 5 a a DT 3136 245 6 pressing press VBG 3136 245 7 need need NN 3136 245 8 for for IN 3136 245 9 a a DT 3136 245 10 common common JJ 3136 245 11 data data NN 3136 245 12 model model NN 3136 245 13 that that WDT 3136 245 14 is be VBZ 3136 245 15 shareable shareable JJ 3136 245 16 and and CC 3136 245 17 interoperable interoperable JJ 3136 245 18 across across IN 3136 245 19 ever ever RB 3136 245 20 - - HYPH 3136 245 21 growing grow VBG 3136 245 22 dis- dis- IN 3136 245 23 tributed tribute VBN 3136 245 24 digital digital JJ 3136 245 25 repositories repository NNS 3136 245 26 and and CC 3136 245 27 collections collection NNS 3136 245 28 . . . 3136 246 1 Development development NN 3136 246 2 of of IN 3136 246 3 such such PDT 3136 246 4 a a DT 3136 246 5 common common JJ 3136 246 6 data data NN 3136 246 7 model model NN 3136 246 8 demands demand VBZ 3136 246 9 future future JJ 3136 246 10 research research NN 3136 246 11 of of IN 3136 246 12 a a DT 3136 246 13 practical practical JJ 3136 246 14 and and CC 3136 246 15 interoperable interoperable JJ 3136 246 16 mediation mediation NN 3136 246 17 mechanism mechanism NN 3136 246 18 underlying underlie VBG 3136 246 19 local local JJ 3136 246 20 implementation implementation NN 3136 246 21 of of IN 3136 246 22 metadata metadata NN 3136 246 23 elements element NNS 3136 246 24 , , , 3136 246 25 semantics semantic NNS 3136 246 26 , , , 3136 246 27 content content NN 3136 246 28 standards standard NNS 3136 246 29 , , , 3136 246 30 and and CC 3136 246 31 controlled control VBN 3136 246 32 vocabular- vocabular- NN 3136 246 33 ies ie NNS 3136 246 34 in in IN 3136 246 35 a a DT 3136 246 36 world world NN 3136 246 37 where where WRB 3136 246 38 metadata metadata NN 3136 246 39 can can MD 3136 246 40 be be VB 3136 246 41 distributed distribute VBN 3136 246 42 and and CC 3136 246 43 shared share VBN 3136 246 44 widely widely RB 3136 246 45 beyond beyond IN 3136 246 46 the the DT 3136 246 47 immediate immediate JJ 3136 246 48 local local JJ 3136 246 49 environment environment NN 3136 246 50 and and CC 3136 246 51 user user NN 3136 246 52 community community NN 3136 246 53 . . . 3136 247 1 ( ( -LRB- 3136 247 2 Other other JJ 3136 247 3 issues issue NNS 3136 247 4 such such JJ 3136 247 5 as as IN 3136 247 6 semiauto- semiauto- FW 3136 247 7 matic matic JJ 3136 247 8 metadata metadata NN 3136 247 9 application application NN 3136 247 10 , , , 3136 247 11 DC DC NNP 3136 247 12 metadata metadata NN 3136 247 13 semantics semantic NNS 3136 247 14 , , , 3136 247 15 custom custom NN 3136 247 16 metadata metadata NN 3136 247 17 elements element NNS 3136 247 18 , , , 3136 247 19 and and CC 3136 247 20 the the DT 3136 247 21 professional professional NNP 3136 247 22 devel- devel- NNP 3136 247 23 opment opment NNP 3136 247 24 of of IN 3136 247 25 cataloging cataloging NN 3136 247 26 and and CC 3136 247 27 metadata metadata NN 3136 247 28 professionals professional NNS 3136 247 29 are be VBP 3136 247 30 explained explain VBN 3136 247 31 in in IN 3136 247 32 - - HYPH 3136 247 33 depth depth NN 3136 247 34 in in IN 3136 247 35 separate separate JJ 3136 247 36 studies study NNS 3136 247 37 . . . 3136 248 1 ) ) -RRB- 3136 248 2 26 26 CD 3136 248 3 For for IN 3136 248 4 future future JJ 3136 248 5 studies study NNS 3136 248 6 , , , 3136 248 7 incorporation incorporation NN 3136 248 8 of of IN 3136 248 9 other other JJ 3136 248 10 research research NN 3136 248 11 methods method NNS 3136 248 12 ( ( -LRB- 3136 248 13 such such JJ 3136 248 14 as as IN 3136 248 15 follow follow VB 3136 248 16 - - HYPH 3136 248 17 up up RP 3136 248 18 telephone telephone NN 3136 248 19 surveys survey NNS 3136 248 20 and and CC 3136 248 21 face face NN 3136 248 22 - - HYPH 3136 248 23 to to IN 3136 248 24 - - HYPH 3136 248 25 face face NN 3136 248 26 focus focus NN 3136 248 27 group group NN 3136 248 28 interviews interview NNS 3136 248 29 ) ) -RRB- 3136 248 30 could could MD 3136 248 31 be be VB 3136 248 32 used use VBN 3136 248 33 to to TO 3136 248 34 better well RBR 3136 248 35 understand understand VB 3136 248 36 the the DT 3136 248 37 cur- cur- NN 3136 248 38 rent rent NN 3136 248 39 status status NN 3136 248 40 of of IN 3136 248 41 metadata metadata NN 3136 248 42 - - HYPH 3136 248 43 creation creation NN 3136 248 44 practices practice NNS 3136 248 45 . . . 3136 249 1 Institutional institutional JJ 3136 249 2 variation variation NN 3136 249 3 also also RB 3136 249 4 needs need VBZ 3136 249 5 be be VB 3136 249 6 taken take VBN 3136 249 7 into into IN 3136 249 8 account account NN 3136 249 9 in in IN 3136 249 10 the the DT 3136 249 11 design design NN 3136 249 12 of of IN 3136 249 13 future future JJ 3136 249 14 studies study NNS 3136 249 15 . . . 3136 250 1 ■ ■ NFP 3136 250 2 ■ ■ NFP 3136 250 3 Acknowledgments acknowledgment NNS 3136 250 4 This this DT 3136 250 5 study study NN 3136 250 6 is be VBZ 3136 250 7 supported support VBN 3136 250 8 through through IN 3136 250 9 an an DT 3136 250 10 early early JJ 3136 250 11 career career NN 3136 250 12 develop- develop- NNP 3136 250 13 ment ment NNP 3136 250 14 research research NN 3136 250 15 award award NN 3136 250 16 from from IN 3136 250 17 the the DT 3136 250 18 Institute Institute NNP 3136 250 19 of of IN 3136 250 20 Museum Museum NNP 3136 250 21 and and CC 3136 250 22 Library Library NNP 3136 250 23 Services Services NNPS 3136 250 24 . . . 3136 251 1 We -PRON- PRP 3136 251 2 would would MD 3136 251 3 like like VB 3136 251 4 to to TO 3136 251 5 express express VB 3136 251 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 3136 251 7 apprecia- apprecia- JJ 3136 251 8 tion tion NN 3136 251 9 to to IN 3136 251 10 the the DT 3136 251 11 reviewers reviewer NNS 3136 251 12 for for IN 3136 251 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 3136 251 14 invaluable invaluable JJ 3136 251 15 comments comment NNS 3136 251 16 . . . 3136 252 1 References reference NNS 3136 252 2 1 1 CD 3136 252 3 . . . 3136 253 1 Jung Jung NNP 3136 253 2 - - HYPH 3136 253 3 ran ran NNP 3136 253 4 Park Park NNP 3136 253 5 , , , 3136 253 6 “ " `` 3136 253 7 Semantic semantic JJ 3136 253 8 Interoperability Interoperability NNP 3136 253 9 and and CC 3136 253 10 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 253 11 Quality Quality NNP 3136 253 12 : : : 3136 253 13 An an DT 3136 253 14 Analysis Analysis NNP 3136 253 15 of of IN 3136 253 16 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 253 17 Item Item NNP 3136 253 18 Records Records NNPS 3136 253 19 of of IN 3136 253 20 Digital Digital NNP 3136 253 21 Image Image NNP 3136 253 22 Collections Collections NNPS 3136 253 23 , , , 3136 253 24 ” " '' 3136 253 25 Knowledge Knowledge NNP 3136 253 26 Organization Organization NNP 3136 253 27 33 33 CD 3136 253 28 ( ( -LRB- 3136 253 29 2006 2006 CD 3136 253 30 ) ) -RRB- 3136 253 31 : : : 3136 253 32 20–34 20–34 CD 3136 253 33 ; ; : 3136 253 34 Rachel Rachel NNP 3136 253 35 Heery Heery NNP 3136 253 36 , , , 3136 253 37 “ " `` 3136 253 38 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 253 39 Futures Futures NNPS 3136 253 40 : : : 3136 253 41 Steps step NNS 3136 253 42 toward toward IN 3136 253 43 Semantic Semantic NNP 3136 253 44 Interoper- Interoper- NNP 3136 253 45 ability ability NN 3136 253 46 , , , 3136 253 47 ” " '' 3136 253 48 in in IN 3136 253 49 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 253 50 in in IN 3136 253 51 Practice Practice NNP 3136 253 52 , , , 3136 253 53 ed ed NN 3136 253 54 . . . 3136 254 1 Diane Diane NNP 3136 254 2 I. I. NNP 3136 254 3 Hillman Hillman NNP 3136 254 4 and and CC 3136 254 5 Elaine Elaine NNP 3136 254 6 L. L. NNP 3136 254 7 Westbrooks Westbrooks NNP 3136 254 8 , , , 3136 254 9 257–71 257–71 CD 3136 254 10 ( ( -LRB- 3136 254 11 Chicago Chicago NNP 3136 254 12 : : : 3136 254 13 ALA ALA NNP 3136 254 14 , , , 3136 254 15 2004 2004 CD 3136 254 16 ) ) -RRB- 3136 254 17 ; ; : 3136 254 18 Jung Jung NNP 3136 254 19 - - HYPH 3136 254 20 ran ran NNP 3136 254 21 Park Park NNP 3136 254 22 , , , 3136 254 23 “ " `` 3136 254 24 Semantic semantic JJ 3136 254 25 Interoperability Interoperability NNP 3136 254 26 across across IN 3136 254 27 Digital Digital NNP 3136 254 28 Image Image NNP 3136 254 29 Collections Collections NNPS 3136 254 30 : : : 3136 254 31 A a DT 3136 254 32 Pilot Pilot NNP 3136 254 33 Study Study NNP 3136 254 34 on on IN 3136 254 35 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 254 36 Mapping Mapping NNP 3136 254 37 ” " '' 3136 254 38 ( ( -LRB- 3136 254 39 paper paper NN 3136 254 40 presented present VBN 3136 254 41 at at IN 3136 254 42 the the DT 3136 254 43 Canadian Canadian NNP 3136 254 44 Association Association NNP 3136 254 45 for for IN 3136 254 46 Information Information NNP 3136 254 47 Science Science NNP 3136 254 48 2005 2005 CD 3136 254 49 Annual Annual NNP 3136 254 50 Con- Con- NNP 3136 254 51 ference ference NN 3136 254 52 , , , 3136 254 53 London London NNP 3136 254 54 , , , 3136 254 55 Ontario Ontario NNP 3136 254 56 , , , 3136 254 57 June June NNP 3136 254 58 2–4 2–4 CD 3136 254 59 , , , 3136 254 60 2005 2005 CD 3136 254 61 ) ) -RRB- 3136 254 62 , , , 3136 254 63 http://www.cais http://www.cais NNP 3136 254 64 - - HYPH 3136 254 65 acsi acsi NNP 3136 254 66 .ca .ca NNP 3136 254 67 / / SYM 3136 254 68 proceedings/2005 proceedings/2005 NNP 3136 254 69 / / SYM 3136 254 70 park_J_2005.pdf park_J_2005.pdf NNP 3136 254 71 ( ( -LRB- 3136 254 72 accessed access VBN 3136 254 73 Mar. March NNP 3136 255 1 24 24 CD 3136 255 2 , , , 3136 255 3 2009 2009 CD 3136 255 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 255 5 . . . 3136 256 1 2 2 LS 3136 256 2 . . . 3136 257 1 Jane Jane NNP 3136 257 2 Barton Barton NNP 3136 257 3 , , , 3136 257 4 Sarah Sarah NNP 3136 257 5 Currier Currier NNP 3136 257 6 , , , 3136 257 7 and and CC 3136 257 8 Jessie Jessie NNP 3136 257 9 M. M. NNP 3136 257 10 N. N. NNP 3136 257 11 Hey Hey NNP 3136 257 12 , , , 3136 257 13 “ " `` 3136 257 14 Building Building NNP 3136 257 15 Quality Quality NNP 3136 257 16 Assurance Assurance NNP 3136 257 17 into into IN 3136 257 18 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 257 19 Creation Creation NNP 3136 257 20 : : : 3136 257 21 An an DT 3136 257 22 Analysis analysis NN 3136 257 23 Based base VBN 3136 257 24 on on IN 3136 257 25 the the DT 3136 257 26 Learning Learning NNP 3136 257 27 Objects Objects NNPS 3136 257 28 and and CC 3136 257 29 E E NNS 3136 257 30 - - HYPH 3136 257 31 Prints Prints NNPS 3136 257 32 Communities Communities NNPS 3136 257 33 of of IN 3136 257 34 Practice Practice NNP 3136 257 35 ” " '' 3136 257 36 ( ( -LRB- 3136 257 37 paper paper NN 3136 257 38 116 116 CD 3136 257 39 iNForMAtioN iNForMAtioN NNPS 3136 257 40 tecHNoloGY tecHNoloGY NNP 3136 257 41 AND and CC 3136 257 42 liBrAries library NNS 3136 257 43 | | JJ 3136 257 44 septeMBer september NN 3136 257 45 2010 2010 CD 3136 257 46 A a DT 3136 257 47 Survey Survey NNP 3136 257 48 of of IN 3136 257 49 the the DT 3136 257 50 Current Current NNP 3136 257 51 State State NNP 3136 257 52 of of IN 3136 257 53 the the DT 3136 257 54 Art art NN 3136 257 55 , , , 3136 257 56 ” " '' 3136 257 57 in in IN 3136 257 58 “ " `` 3136 257 59 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 257 60 and and CC 3136 257 61 Open Open NNP 3136 257 62 Access Access NNP 3136 257 63 Repositories Repositories NNPS 3136 257 64 , , , 3136 257 65 ” " '' 3136 257 66 ed ed NN 3136 257 67 . . . 3136 258 1 Michael Michael NNP 3136 258 2 S. S. NNP 3136 258 3 Babinec Babinec NNP 3136 258 4 and and CC 3136 258 5 Holly Holly NNP 3136 258 6 Mercer Mercer NNP 3136 258 7 , , , 3136 258 8 special special JJ 3136 258 9 issue issue NN 3136 258 10 , , , 3136 258 11 Cataloging Cataloging NNP 3136 258 12 & & CC 3136 258 13 Classification Classification NNP 3136 258 14 Quarterly Quarterly NNP 3136 258 15 47 47 CD 3136 258 16 , , , 3136 258 17 no no UH 3136 258 18 . . . 3136 259 1 3/4 3/4 CD 3136 259 2 ( ( -LRB- 3136 259 3 2009 2009 CD 3136 259 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 259 5 : : : 3136 259 6 213–38 213–38 CD 3136 259 7 . . . 3136 260 1 20 20 CD 3136 260 2 . . . 3136 261 1 Ma Ma NNP 3136 261 2 , , , 3136 261 3 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 261 4 , , , 3136 261 5 12 12 CD 3136 261 6 , , , 3136 261 7 24 24 CD 3136 261 8 . . . 3136 262 1 The the DT 3136 262 2 OCLC OCLC NNP 3136 262 3 RLG RLG NNP 3136 262 4 survey survey NN 3136 262 5 found find VBD 3136 262 6 that that IN 3136 262 7 about about RB 3136 262 8 40 40 CD 3136 262 9 percent percent NN 3136 262 10 of of IN 3136 262 11 the the DT 3136 262 12 respondents respondent NNS 3136 262 13 were be VBD 3136 262 14 able able JJ 3136 262 15 to to TO 3136 262 16 generate generate VB 3136 262 17 some some DT 3136 262 18 metadata metadata NN 3136 262 19 automatically automatically RB 3136 262 20 . . . 3136 263 1 See see VB 3136 263 2 Smith Smith NNP 3136 263 3 - - HYPH 3136 263 4 Yoshimura Yoshimura NNP 3136 263 5 , , , 3136 263 6 RLG RLG NNP 3136 263 7 Programs Programs NNP 3136 263 8 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3136 263 9 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 263 10 Practices Practices NNPS 3136 263 11 Survey Survey NNP 3136 263 12 Results Results NNPS 3136 263 13 , , , 3136 263 14 6 6 CD 3136 263 15 ; ; : 3136 263 16 Yoshimura Yoshimura NNP 3136 263 17 and and CC 3136 263 18 Cellentani Cellentani NNP 3136 263 19 , , , 3136 263 20 RLG RLG NNP 3136 263 21 Programs Programs NNP 3136 263 22 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3136 263 23 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 263 24 Practices Practices NNPS 3136 263 25 Survey Survey NNP 3136 263 26 Results Results NNPS 3136 263 27 , , , 3136 263 28 35 35 CD 3136 263 29 . . . 3136 264 1 21 21 CD 3136 264 2 . . . 3136 265 1 Jung Jung NNP 3136 265 2 - - HYPH 3136 265 3 ran run VBD 3136 265 4 Park Park NNP 3136 265 5 and and CC 3136 265 6 Caimei Caimei NNP 3136 265 7 Lu Lu NNP 3136 265 8 , , , 3136 265 9 “ " `` 3136 265 10 Application application NN 3136 265 11 of of IN 3136 265 12 Semi- Semi- NNP 3136 265 13 Automatic Automatic NNP 3136 265 14 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 265 15 Generation generation NN 3136 265 16 in in IN 3136 265 17 Libraries library NNS 3136 265 18 : : : 3136 265 19 Types type NNS 3136 265 20 , , , 3136 265 21 Tools Tools NNPS 3136 265 22 , , , 3136 265 23 and and CC 3136 265 24 Techniques technique NNS 3136 265 25 , , , 3136 265 26 ” " '' 3136 265 27 Library Library NNP 3136 265 28 & & CC 3136 265 29 Information Information NNP 3136 265 30 Science Science NNP 3136 265 31 Research Research NNP 3136 265 32 31 31 CD 3136 265 33 , , , 3136 265 34 no no UH 3136 265 35 . . . 3136 266 1 4 4 CD 3136 266 2 ( ( -LRB- 3136 266 3 2009 2009 CD 3136 266 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 266 5 : : : 3136 266 6 225–31 225–31 CD 3136 266 7 . . . 3136 267 1 22 22 CD 3136 267 2 . . . 3136 268 1 Park park VB 3136 268 2 , , , 3136 268 3 “ " `` 3136 268 4 Semantic semantic JJ 3136 268 5 Interoperability Interoperability NNP 3136 268 6 ” " '' 3136 268 7 ; ; : 3136 268 8 Sarah Sarah NNP 3136 268 9 L. L. NNP 3136 268 10 Shreeves Shreeves NNP 3136 268 11 et et FW 3136 268 12 al al NNP 3136 268 13 . . NNP 3136 268 14 , , , 3136 268 15 “ " `` 3136 268 16 Is be VBZ 3136 268 17 ‘ ' `` 3136 268 18 Quality Quality NNP 3136 268 19 ’ ' '' 3136 268 20 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 268 21 ‘ ' `` 3136 268 22 Shareable shareable JJ 3136 268 23 ’ ' '' 3136 268 24 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 268 25 ? ? . 3136 269 1 The the DT 3136 269 2 Implications implication NNS 3136 269 3 of of IN 3136 269 4 Local Local NNP 3136 269 5 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 269 6 Practices Practices NNPS 3136 269 7 for for IN 3136 269 8 Federated Federated NNP 3136 269 9 Collections Collections NNPS 3136 269 10 ” " '' 3136 269 11 ( ( -LRB- 3136 269 12 paper paper NN 3136 269 13 presented present VBN 3136 269 14 at at IN 3136 269 15 the the DT 3136 269 16 12th 12th JJ 3136 269 17 National National NNP 3136 269 18 Conference Conference NNP 3136 269 19 of of IN 3136 269 20 the the DT 3136 269 21 Association Association NNP 3136 269 22 of of IN 3136 269 23 College College NNP 3136 269 24 and and CC 3136 269 25 Research Research NNP 3136 269 26 Libraries Libraries NNPS 3136 269 27 , , , 3136 269 28 Apr. April NNP 3136 270 1 7–10 7–10 CD 3136 270 2 , , , 3136 270 3 2005 2005 CD 3136 270 4 , , , 3136 270 5 Minneapolis Minneapolis NNP 3136 270 6 , , , 3136 270 7 Minnesota Minnesota NNP 3136 270 8 ) ) -RRB- 3136 270 9 , , , 3136 270 10 https://www.ideals.uiuc.edu/handle/2142/145 https://www.ideals.uiuc.edu/handle/2142/145 NNP 3136 270 11 ( ( -LRB- 3136 270 12 accessed access VBN 3136 270 13 Mar. March NNP 3136 271 1 24 24 CD 3136 271 2 , , , 3136 271 3 2009 2009 CD 3136 271 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 271 5 ; ; : 3136 271 6 Amy Amy NNP 3136 271 7 S. S. NNP 3136 271 8 Jackson Jackson NNP 3136 271 9 et et FW 3136 271 10 al al NNP 3136 271 11 . . NNP 3136 271 12 , , , 3136 271 13 “ " `` 3136 271 14 Dublin Dublin NNP 3136 271 15 Core Core NNP 3136 271 16 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 271 17 Harvested harvest VBN 3136 271 18 through through IN 3136 271 19 OAI OAI NNP 3136 271 20 - - HYPH 3136 271 21 PMH PMH NNP 3136 271 22 , , , 3136 271 23 ” " '' 3136 271 24 Journal Journal NNP 3136 271 25 of of IN 3136 271 26 Library Library NNP 3136 271 27 Meta- Meta- NNP 3136 271 28 data datum NNS 3136 271 29 8 8 CD 3136 271 30 , , , 3136 271 31 no no UH 3136 271 32 . . . 3136 272 1 1 1 CD 3136 272 2 ( ( -LRB- 3136 272 3 2008 2008 CD 3136 272 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 272 5 : : : 3136 272 6 5–21 5–21 CD 3136 272 7 ; ; : 3136 272 8 Lois Lois NNP 3136 272 9 Mai Mai NNP 3136 272 10 Chan Chan NNP 3136 272 11 and and CC 3136 272 12 Marcia Marcia NNP 3136 272 13 Lei Lei NNP 3136 272 14 Zeng Zeng NNP 3136 272 15 , , , 3136 272 16 “ " `` 3136 272 17 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 272 18 Interoperability Interoperability NNP 3136 272 19 and and CC 3136 272 20 Standardization Standardization NNP 3136 272 21 — — : 3136 272 22 A A NNP 3136 272 23 Study Study NNP 3136 272 24 of of IN 3136 272 25 Methodology Methodology NNP 3136 272 26 Part Part NNP 3136 272 27 I -PRON- PRP 3136 272 28 : : : 3136 272 29 Achieving achieve VBG 3136 272 30 Interoperability Interoperability NNP 3136 272 31 at at IN 3136 272 32 the the DT 3136 272 33 Schema Schema NNP 3136 272 34 Level Level NNP 3136 272 35 , , , 3136 272 36 ” " '' 3136 272 37 D D NNP 3136 272 38 - - HYPH 3136 272 39 Lib Lib NNP 3136 272 40 Magazine Magazine NNP 3136 272 41 12 12 CD 3136 272 42 , , , 3136 272 43 no no UH 3136 272 44 . . . 3136 273 1 6 6 CD 3136 273 2 ( ( -LRB- 3136 273 3 2006 2006 CD 3136 273 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 273 5 , , , 3136 273 6 http://www.dlib.org/ http://www.dlib.org/ FW 3136 273 7 dlib dlib NNP 3136 273 8 / / SYM 3136 273 9 june06 june06 NNP 3136 273 10 / / SYM 3136 273 11 chan/06chan.html chan/06chan.html NNP 3136 273 12 ( ( -LRB- 3136 273 13 accessed access VBN 3136 273 14 Mar. March NNP 3136 274 1 24 24 CD 3136 274 2 , , , 3136 274 3 2009 2009 CD 3136 274 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 274 5 ; ; : 3136 274 6 Marcia Marcia NNP 3136 274 7 Lei Lei NNP 3136 274 8 Zeng Zeng NNP 3136 274 9 and and CC 3136 274 10 Lois Lois NNP 3136 274 11 Mai Mai NNP 3136 274 12 Chan Chan NNP 3136 274 13 , , , 3136 274 14 “ " `` 3136 274 15 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 274 16 Interoperability Interoperability NNP 3136 274 17 and and CC 3136 274 18 Standardization Standardization NNP 3136 274 19 — — : 3136 274 20 A A NNP 3136 274 21 Study Study NNP 3136 274 22 of of IN 3136 274 23 Methodology Methodology NNP 3136 274 24 Part Part NNP 3136 274 25 II II NNP 3136 274 26 : : : 3136 274 27 Achieving achieve VBG 3136 274 28 Interoperability Interoperability NNP 3136 274 29 at at IN 3136 274 30 the the DT 3136 274 31 Record Record NNP 3136 274 32 and and CC 3136 274 33 Repository Repository NNP 3136 274 34 Levels Levels NNPS 3136 274 35 , , , 3136 274 36 ” " '' 3136 274 37 D D NNP 3136 274 38 - - HYPH 3136 274 39 Lib Lib NNP 3136 274 40 Magazine Magazine NNP 3136 274 41 12 12 CD 3136 274 42 , , , 3136 274 43 no no UH 3136 274 44 . . . 3136 275 1 6 6 CD 3136 275 2 ( ( -LRB- 3136 275 3 2006 2006 CD 3136 275 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 275 5 , , , 3136 275 6 http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june06/ http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june06/ NNP 3136 275 7 zeng/06zeng.html zeng/06zeng.html NNP 3136 275 8 ( ( -LRB- 3136 275 9 accessed access VBN 3136 275 10 Mar. March NNP 3136 276 1 24 24 CD 3136 276 2 , , , 3136 276 3 2009 2009 CD 3136 276 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 276 5 . . . 3136 277 1 23 23 CD 3136 277 2 . . . 3136 278 1 Thomas Thomas NNP 3136 278 2 R. R. NNP 3136 278 3 Bruce Bruce NNP 3136 278 4 and and CC 3136 278 5 Diane Diane NNP 3136 278 6 I. I. NNP 3136 278 7 Hillmann Hillmann NNP 3136 278 8 , , , 3136 278 9 “ " `` 3136 278 10 The the DT 3136 278 11 Con- Con- NNP 3136 278 12 tinuum tinuum NN 3136 278 13 of of IN 3136 278 14 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 278 15 Quality Quality NNP 3136 278 16 : : : 3136 278 17 Defining define VBG 3136 278 18 , , , 3136 278 19 Expressing express VBG 3136 278 20 , , , 3136 278 21 Exploiting exploit VBG 3136 278 22 , , , 3136 278 23 ” " '' 3136 278 24 in in IN 3136 278 25 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 278 26 in in IN 3136 278 27 Practice Practice NNP 3136 278 28 , , , 3136 278 29 ed ed NN 3136 278 30 . . . 3136 279 1 Hillman Hillman NNP 3136 279 2 and and CC 3136 279 3 Westbrooks Westbrooks NNP 3136 279 4 , , , 3136 279 5 238–56 238–56 CD 3136 279 6 ; ; : 3136 279 7 Heery heery NN 3136 279 8 , , , 3136 279 9 “ " `` 3136 279 10 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 279 11 Futures Futures NNPS 3136 279 12 ” " '' 3136 279 13 ; ; : 3136 279 14 Park Park NNP 3136 279 15 , , , 3136 279 16 “ " `` 3136 279 17 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 279 18 Quality Quality NNP 3136 279 19 in in IN 3136 279 20 Digital Digital NNP 3136 279 21 Repositories Repositories NNP 3136 279 22 . . . 3136 279 23 ” " '' 3136 279 24 24 24 CD 3136 279 25 . . . 3136 280 1 Jung Jung NNP 3136 280 2 - - HYPH 3136 280 3 ran ran NNP 3136 280 4 Park Park NNP 3136 280 5 , , , 3136 280 6 ed ed NNP 3136 280 7 . . NNP 3136 280 8 , , , 3136 280 9 “ " `` 3136 280 10 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 280 11 Best good JJS 3136 280 12 Practices practice NNS 3136 280 13 : : : 3136 280 14 Current Current NNP 3136 280 15 Issues Issues NNPS 3136 280 16 and and CC 3136 280 17 Future Future NNP 3136 280 18 Trends Trends NNPS 3136 280 19 , , , 3136 280 20 ” " '' 3136 280 21 special special JJ 3136 280 22 issue issue NN 3136 280 23 , , , 3136 280 24 Journal Journal NNP 3136 280 25 of of IN 3136 280 26 Library Library NNP 3136 280 27 Meta- Meta- NNP 3136 280 28 data datum NNS 3136 280 29 9 9 CD 3136 280 30 , , , 3136 280 31 no no UH 3136 280 32 . . . 3136 281 1 3/4 3/4 CD 3136 281 2 ( ( -LRB- 3136 281 3 2009 2009 CD 3136 281 4 ) ) -RRB- 3136 281 5 . . . 3136 282 1 25 25 CD 3136 282 2 . . . 3136 283 1 See see VB 3136 283 2 Park Park NNP 3136 283 3 , , , 3136 283 4 “ " `` 3136 283 5 Semantic semantic JJ 3136 283 6 Interoperability Interoperability NNP 3136 283 7 ” " '' 3136 283 8 ; ; : 3136 283 9 Park Park NNP 3136 283 10 and and CC 3136 283 11 Childress Childress NNP 3136 283 12 , , , 3136 283 13 “ " `` 3136 283 14 Dublin Dublin NNP 3136 283 15 Core Core NNP 3136 283 16 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 283 17 Semantics Semantics NNP 3136 283 18 . . . 3136 283 19 ” " '' 3136 283 20 26 26 CD 3136 283 21 . . . 3136 284 1 Park Park NNP 3136 284 2 and and CC 3136 284 3 Childress Childress NNP 3136 284 4 , , , 3136 284 5 “ " `` 3136 284 6 Dublin Dublin NNP 3136 284 7 Core Core NNP 3136 284 8 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 284 9 Semantics Semantics NNPS 3136 284 10 ” " '' 3136 284 11 ; ; : 3136 284 12 Park Park NNP 3136 284 13 and and CC 3136 284 14 Lu Lu NNP 3136 284 15 , , , 3136 284 16 “ " `` 3136 284 17 Application application NN 3136 284 18 of of IN 3136 284 19 Semi semi JJ 3136 284 20 - - JJ 3136 284 21 Automatic Automatic NNP 3136 284 22 Metadata Metadata NNP 3136 284 23 Genera- Genera- NNP 3136 284 24 tion tion NN 3136 284 25 in in IN 3136 284 26 Libraries Libraries NNP 3136 284 27 . . . 3136 284 28 ” " ''