Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 77 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3601 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 64 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 Library 9 library 6 system 4 oclc 3 information 3 WLN 3 MARC 3 LITA 3 ALA 2 search 2 rule 2 record 2 heading 2 format 2 file 2 RLIN 2 BISAC 1 work 1 wireless 1 web 1 user 1 tool 1 term 1 technology 1 society 1 satellite 1 network 1 need 1 multimedia 1 japanese 1 item 1 issue 1 form 1 film 1 document 1 datum 1 database 1 cost 1 conversion 1 circulation 1 cable 1 book 1 authority 1 access 1 aacr2 1 VTLS 1 Unicode 1 U.K. 1 Research 1 RLG Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 1072 library 957 system 661 record 596 information 505 book 366 file 345 user 329 name 322 use 320 number 301 time 298 item 295 heading 292 cost 289 form 285 percent 284 format 283 service 282 computer 269 title 269 % 268 tion 258 catalog 248 field 247 program 241 datum 238 search 238 character 233 member 226 problem 223 access 218 work 202 order 199 database 193 key 189 code 188 authority 187 card 182 technology 182 material 179 year 179 oclc 173 conversion 171 network 170 type 167 staff 166 circulation 165 author 157 reference 157 process Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 114075 ฀ 762 _ 626 Library 324 ฀฀ 228 MARC 203 LITA 202 y 200 LC 180 University 171 Automation 154 Kanji 146 WLN 142 min 140 Information 132 Vol 119 ALA 117 Book 110 OCLC 106 LT 104 Journal 103 System 98 National 98 Libraries 94 New 88 ing 84 Public 81 RLIN 74 Committee 73 II 73 Congress 71 Research 71 American 69 State 67 ISBN 67 Data 65 York 65 Total 64 Services 64 Item 64 Himalayan 63 Computer 63 Bibliographic 62 Board 61 June 59 A 58 Cataloging 56 September 55 Center 54 Number 54 Association Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 892 it 340 they 302 i 288 we 122 them 82 you 72 he 55 us 51 one 33 itself 25 she 21 themselves 13 me 13 him 3 ourselves 3 himself 3 her 3 de- 2 mine 2 it- 2 in- 2 ex- 2 em 1 yours 1 up- 1 ty 1 theirs 1 oneself 1 i(j. 1 ho~ 1 histori- 1 herself 1 en- Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 6503 be 1321 have 686 use 425 do 319 make 255 provide 229 include 209 find 182 need 156 give 155 catalog 147 develop 142 require 136 search 130 create 130 add 125 base 123 become 115 see 110 take 107 follow 106 print 105 work 105 offer 100 contain 98 continue 97 indicate 96 receive 89 establish 87 write 85 allow 83 consider 81 know 81 enter 81 change 79 exist 78 set 76 show 76 report 75 identify 73 involve 73 call 72 produce 72 go 72 appear 71 serve 70 ask 69 publish 69 begin 67 read Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 904 not 423 more 308 other 296 only 270 online 255 also 252 new 245 bibliographic 230 available 226 many 213 most 199 such 189 first 147 well 147 as 145 however 141 different 136 large 133 very 130 same 125 local 118 then 114 up 113 out 113 even 109 re- 107 much 105 public 105 now 105 major 105 in- 103 possible 102 wireless 99 so 98 great 93 able 92 various 92 subject 88 electronic 87 necessary 85 less 84 technical 84 second 82 several 82 already 81 general 80 own 78 good 75 personal 75 few Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 84 most 35 least 31 good 17 Most 15 large 13 great 10 high 9 late 7 fast 6 big 3 early 3 bad 2 ter 2 slow 2 simple 2 heavy 2 full 1 wide 1 small 1 sincere 1 short 1 old 1 nasty 1 low 1 e 1 char.~e 1 broad 1 MOST 1 Least Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 129 most 17 least 2 well 1 worst 1 fast Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 searcheric.org 4 drdo.nic.in 3 www.openarchives.org 2 ivri.nic.in 2 dare.nic.in 1 www.w3.org 1 web.inflibnet.ac.in 1 vpkas.nic.in 1 purl.org 1 paniit.iitd.ac.in 1 nces.ed.gov 1 nbpgr.delhi.nic.in 1 music 1 metascholar.org 1 hpuniv.nic.in 1 gbpihed.nic.in 1 etext.lib.virginia.edu 1 envis.nic.in 1 atlantahistorycenter.com 1 agni.nerist.ac.in Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 4 http://searcheric.org 2 http://www.openarchives.org/ 2 http://ivri.nic.in/ 2 http://drdo.nic.in/labindex.shtml 1 http://www.w3.org/2001/ 1 http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/ 1 http://web.inflibnet.ac.in/info/ 1 http://vpkas.nic.in/ 1 http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/” 1 http://paniit.iitd.ac.in/indest/ 1 http://nces.ed.gov/ 1 http://nbpgr.delhi.nic.in/ 1 http://music 1 http://metascholar.org/ 1 http://hpuniv.nic.in/envstu.htm 1 http://gbpihed.nic.in/ 1 http://etext.lib.virginia.edu 1 http://envis.nic.in/ 1 http://drdo.nic.in/labindex 1 http://drdo.nic.in 1 http://dare.nic.in/icarneh.htm 1 http://dare.nic.in/cith.htm 1 http://atlantahistorycenter.com/ 1 http://agni.nerist.ac.in/ Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- 1 rose@cs.umd.edu 1 rathoreas@hotmail.com 1 pbarnett@jsucc.jsu.edu 1 mitchellg@utpa.edu 1 jwebb@wsu.edu 1 james.gall@unco.edu 1 hilary@cs.umd.edu 1 eulalia.roel@gmail.com 1 bederson@cs.umd.edu 1 allisond@umiacs.umd.edu 1 acweeks@umd.edu Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 costs base cost 5 libraries have always 3 book does not 3 costs include only 3 file search key 3 information is available 3 information is readily 3 library is currently 3 system is not 3 user does not 2 _ have not 2 books are easily 2 catalog are paramount 2 catalog has not 2 catalog requires further 2 catalog use survey 2 catalog was first 2 catalog were completely 2 computer search service 2 computer was expensive 2 fields contain escape 2 file is available 2 files do not 2 files were gath- 2 information does not 2 information is fundamentally 2 item is not 2 libraries are not 2 libraries are re- 2 libraries did not 2 libraries using rlin 2 library are currently 2 library did not 2 library has spec- 2 library is also 2 names require cross 2 names were distinct 2 percent are corporate 2 records are available 2 records is equivalent 2 system is all 2 system is clearly 2 system is con- 2 system is now 2 system is part 2 system is still 2 system was down 2 system was originally 2 system was up 2 systems are hypersensitive Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 catalog has not yet 2 library has no card 1 book are not al·ways 1 books are no different 1 field is not repeatable 1 file was not available 1 form is not predominant 1 format is no more 1 heading is not acceptable 1 information was not available 1 item is not already 1 item is not available 1 items are not available 1 libraries is no longer 1 libraries is not as 1 records have no standard 1 system has no satellite 1 system is not specifically 1 system offered not just 1 tion was not high 1 used was not particularly 1 users had not as Sizes of items; "Measures in words, how big is each item?" ---------------------------------------------------------- 13101 3368 9213 5299 7902 5291 7846 5304 7523 3161 7276 3160 6440 3365 6403 5287 6287 3358 6227 3361 5661 3359 5531 5312 5230 5290 5055 5302 4893 3363 4845 5276 4334 5307 4274 5289 4243 3382 3985 5277 3940 5293 3930 5280 3792 5305 3741 5306 3602 3362 3555 5286 3464 5297 3201 5311 2978 5296 2855 5284 2716 5292 2562 5295 2392 5313 2202 5283 2197 5308 2135 5315 2045 5310 1986 5309 1917 5282 1888 5279 1869 5281 1850 3162 1788 3360 1568 5314 1543 5298 1526 5301 1444 5285 1407 3357 1387 3356 1360 5288 1257 5294 1171 5278 1097 5300 1088 5275 806 3163 377 3159 367 5303 3364 3366 3367 3369 3370 3371 3372 3373 3374 3375 3376 3377 3378 3379 3380 3381 3383 3384 3385 3386 Readability of items; "How difficult is each item to read?" ----------------------------------------------------------- 87.0 3161 82.0 5297 81.0 5277 81.0 5291 71.0 3160 70.0 3356 70.0 5293 69.0 5283 69.0 5315 68.0 5305 67.0 5284 67.0 5308 66.0 5290 65.0 5287 64.0 3361 64.0 5278 64.0 5309 63.0 5281 63.0 5282 62.0 3162 62.0 3359 62.0 5286 62.0 5289 62.0 5298 62.0 5306 62.0 5310 61.0 5279 61.0 5302 60.0 3163 60.0 5280 60.0 5301 60.0 5311 59.0 3357 59.0 5288 59.0 5292 59.0 5303 59.0 5312 58.0 3159 58.0 3362 58.0 5304 57.0 5276 57.0 5314 55.0 5295 54.0 3358 54.0 3360 54.0 5299 54.0 5300 53.0 5294 53.0 5313 52.0 5275 52.0 5307 44.0 5296 41.0 5285 36.0 3363 115.0 3365 115.0 3368 114.0 3382 3364 3366 3367 3369 3370 3371 3372 3373 3374 3375 3376 3377 3378 3379 3380 3381 3383 3384 3385 3386 Item summaries; "In a narrative form, how can each item be abstracted?" ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3159 many libraries believed they were developing or using automated systems to produce catalog cards, or order slips, or circulation control records. Libraries must relate their own machine-readable records to each relating and using records from different libraries, and even different A narrow view of the process of creating records has often resulted in introduction of nonstandard practices that provide the required immediate result, but create garbage in the data base. libraries have developed have outstripped their practices. are only now seriously addressing the practices they have used to create call number and holding fields, national standards have been late forthcoming, and libraries have often improvised. Not following recommended OCLC practice of fully updating the record at each use has created archive tapes requiring significant manual practices create dilemmas. While implementing systems in the present, libraries must keep a place on records being created today? 3160 Such materials are best handled in their own writing systems (the languages in this category include Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Japan has overcome numerous difficulties in developing systems that are capable of handling Japanese characters. their codes, so that when a key is punched, the Kanji is typed on regular paper as if it had been done by a regular Japanese typewriter. key is typed, the Kanji is printed on paper and the code from the plate keyboard, the Kanji teletypewriter of the National Diet Library integrates patterns and components as equivalents to other characters. This uses a Kana typewriter keyboard to input Japanese in syllabary or romanized form, converting them to Kanji by software. major ones are: (1) which Kanji are to be included; (2) how many characters are to be handled; (3) what code should be assigned and how it Diet Library inputs a fill character for Kanji not in the system . 3161 1977, the Technical Services Division of WSUL has used the WLN bibliographic component for data verification (searching) and cataloging of Although the Library has generally known its total automation expenditures, it has lacked a more precise breakdown of cost data on automated processing. cost-e.g., staff, data base, materials-of each process was calculated. number of items processed per month by the unit cost per task. Cost Analysis: Manual Cataloging and Book Processing System Cost Analysis: Manual Cataloging and Book Processing System Cost Analysis: Manual Cataloging and Book Processing System Cost Analysis: Manual Cataloging and Book Processing System Cost Analysis: Automated Cataloging and Book Processing System Cost Analysis: Automated Cataloging and Book Processing System Cost Analysis: Automated Cataloging and Book Processing System Cost Analysis: Automated Cataloging and Book Processing System Staff Costs: Automated Cataloging and Book Processing System Staff Costs: Manual Cataloging and Book Processing System (Based on the 1977 Staffing 3162 Service, Library of Congress , Washington , device known as a decoder uses data encoded onto the lines of a broadcast signal cable are used to carry data communications between two points (usually 1200 provision of information ; rather, it uses a provide videotex/teletext technology. technology of information display (see Borrell, journal of Library Automation, V.13 specialized markets in which telecommunications were not a central need. AT&T permission to enter the data processing market . place information into the system memory , and providing voice mail servicesthereby taking on the newspapers, home marketers of the French teletext system, be programmed with financial data. French to market information display providing videotex to a mass market. Tandy home computer in its videotex configuration seems to fill the same market from the experience of librarians and libraries. information display technology. Data Processing Library: Bechtel''s Data Processing Library has all computer programs into a controlled library were: 3163 librarians and information scientists are systems analysts, advertisers, and communications specialists are the main professions that have an active role to play in the ALA 1980 New York Annual Conference that cable television should be a New York: IEEE Broadcast, Cable, and Norwalk , Conn.: Videoprint. Two times monthly. New York: Link Data Processing Library: Maria SZABO: Bechtel Data Processing Library, San Francisco, California. Bechtel''s Data Processing Library has All the programs in use at enforcing standards and control of Bechtel''s computer programs. all computer programs into a controlled library were: 2. Minimize investment in program development through common usage. 5. Centralized reporting on Bechtel that computer programs generate, including actual code, documentation, and listings . Documentation for programs is strictly current release of a program to all users. Historical information is kept and is crucial to satisfy the demands of auditors Library is the repository of computer information at Bechtel. 3356 LITA president, I plan to concentrate my efforts on continuing to capitalize on the association''s many strengths. Last year at LITA''s 2004 Town Meeting at ALA in these meetings reinforced our commitment to the planning processes we used to draft LITA''s goals and strategies for the next five years. will be discussed at the 2005 LITA Town Meeting, also In addition to our strategic planning process, LITA has Marshall, has been working to "establish policies governing the LITA Web site''s content, responsibilities for its about the LITA Web site. On top of all of the current activities, new vision statement, strategic planning, and the LITA Web site redesign, Many members commented that the new logo expresses the "energy" of LITA Check the LITA Web site to see if there''s a LITA held another successful National Forum in fall The next LITA National Forum LITA National Forum Planning Committee are preparing Accessed Dec. 27, 2004, www.wired.com/news. 3357 I think that writing editorials in my job as the new editor of Information Technology and Libraries (ITAL) is going to be ITAL my goals and hopes for the journal that I am now members of the ITAL editorial board, whose names changed to reflect the expanding role of information technology in libraries, an expansion that continues to accelerate so that ITAL is no longer the only professional I hope that some of them may submit manuscripts to ITAL so that all the members of LITA and all the ITAL can and should be a source that information-technology researchers consider as a vehicle for the publication of Two articles in this issue result from sponsored research. Neither the officers of LITA, the referees, the readers, nor I are interested in very many "how I run my Pullman, and editor of Information Technology and Libraries. I hope to work with the editorial board, the LITA 3358 Unlike other digital libraries that present content from one or a few languages and cultures, and focus broader dissemination of information and cultural awareness, but also as tools for empowerment and strengthening community.3 Creating digital libraries for children has full-text retrieval service, to accommodate users with different software, languages, and disabilities.14 Researchers digital libraries.18 Pejtersen created the BookHouse interface with a metaphor of rooms in a house to support different types of searching.19 Külper et al. books from different cultures, so it would be counterproductive to present books only in a user''s native language. Java-based, English-only version of the library was created that addressed the searching and reading needs of the native language of the book, and optionally translate or transliterate this information into English or By making the ICDL systems fully Unicode-compliant, contributors from all over the world can enter metadata about books in an easily accessible HTML form 3359 number of articles on wireless networks and checkout programs for laptop computers at large research institutions. wireless-network use in medical libraries and other institutions. issues, planning, and the uses and ramifications of wireless technology in libraries. implementation of wireless network, planning and installation stages, user services, technical problems, and benefits specific to use of network. library offered wireless-network access. Least significant factors in the decision to implement wireless networks were cost; use by library faculty and staff; to aid Actual time spent on installation and configuration of wireless networks was relatively short, 98 percent indicating less than one year (see users access the library''s wireless network. whose institutions offered wireless access also made laptops available for checkout. the library''s wireless network, half of the institutions surveyed required access the wireless network in his library. only are they offering wireless access, but they are also providing patrons with laptops for checkout in the library. 3360 model for library-museum-archives collaboration. develop a new model for library-museum-archives collaboration to broaden access to resources for learning Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH).1 offered by OAI-PMH in amalgamating and serving metadata from these institutional sources that are significantly institutions (be they museum, archives, or libraries) have metadata at an item level within their collection(s). Such disparities among institutional types feed an unnecessary level of misunderstanding by libraries of the metadata culture and aims of archives as well as those of technology support and resources at any given contributing site (such support varying more widely across institutions than even their metadata practices themselves). However, one of the great strengths of implementing OAI-PMH is that, while the threshold for regulating metadata is low, the protocol can also handle any able to collectively access and utilize all metadata to the Institute of Museum and Library Services for funding the Music of Social Change Project. 3361 Rather than fixate on the pros and cons of current versions of e-book technology, it is important for librarians to e-book technologies in libraries. The future of e-books and the critical role of libraries of e-books, or digital texts, based upon a relatively short digital assistant (PDA), or an e-book reader (the dedicated Although there is a continuing effort to reach a common standard for e-books (see www.openebook.org/), After investing considerable time and effort in developing e-book technology, publishers would prefer that users continue purchasing new e-book material rather than spend time reading great literature, the precedents set by these popular media will have a direct impact on the future of digital texts. print books into digital formats, there have been some of asking how digital formats will replace print collections, we can ask how will an e-book version extend the for E-books," Library Journal 128, no. 3362 This rapidly developing technology permits the user to combine digital still images, video, animation, graphics, and audio. The new multimedia file can be sent to a program that will encode it for a streaming video in any The first two technology factors concern the equipment involved in multimedia production. second factor is the incredible quality available in consumer-market video equipment at reasonable costs. Creating a multimedia lab in the library need not be a For example, multimedia projects can become the research paper of the future for students.4 It is the media in which many library customers lab in the building, it will offer the librarians the opportunity to create multimedia productions for the library, Benefits to the library from the multimedia lab are many. DISTINCTIVE EXPERTISE: MULTIMEDIA, THE LIBRARY, AND THE TERM PAPER OF THE FUTURE | MITCHELL 35 DISTINCTIVE EXPERTISE: MULTIMEDIA, THE LIBRARY, AND THE TERM PAPER OF THE FUTURE | MITCHELL 35 3363 research and development institutions at the national and international level. Information and Library Network the pattern of other information centers in India, such as the National � to create a user-need-based information-technology (IT) resource centers of India and other international centers for better information service through resource Institute''s libraries and information All the libraries and information centers of Himalayan-studies centers of the libraries and information centers National Resources Center on Himalayan Studies in India DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A HIMALAYAN STUDIES INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR INDIA | SINGH 43 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A HIMALAYAN STUDIES INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR INDIA | SINGH 43 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A HIMALAYAN STUDIES INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR INDIA | SINGH 43 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A HIMALAYAN STUDIES INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR INDIA | SINGH 43 Himalayan Region Study and Research Center Institute, New Delhi Himalayan Institute of Action Research and Development, Dehradun 3364 3365 Jeng ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀฀ ฀ ฀฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ 3366 3367 3368 Yee ฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀฀ ฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ 3369 3370 3371 3372 3373 3374 3375 3376 3377 3378 3379 3380 3381 3382 3383 3384 3385 3386 5275 changes provide libraries with a host of alternatives for service, growth, Dramatic new services will combine television, computer, telephone, satellite, and cable into home entertainment and information centers ... National Product results from the collection, processing, and dissemination of information, much of which involves new technologies . organizations in the library community will be opposed to the acceptance of cable services, videotex , online catalogs, information retrieval , Internal and external factors must be considered to guide the application of technology toward meeting library and patron needs. concerns, social forces , and the consumer/patron appear to be major factors leading libraries toward a future deeply involved in video technologies. opportunity to grow with this trend through application of the technologies to existing technical services, increased availability of patron services, and development of innovative services . adapt this library to the new environment, and integrate technology into 5276 of three releases, having tied together circulation control, catalog access, and serial holdings . as the most effective means of simultaneously handling inventory control, information retrieval, and networking of large, complex, and volatile stores of data. exist for cataloging, circulation, serials control, acquisitions, catalog access, and "reader guidance"; the latter by virtue of online literature A decade ago it was unthinkable for any library to store a million MARC records online. find many applications that eschew use of the common high-level languages, database management systems, and standard "off-the-shelf'' or particular, data completeness is required to satisfy the access and control functions. Use of standardized data and networking. Release III, the comprehensive library system now being developed, will draw together acquisitions, authority control, and serials The records stored in the buffer data sets are Once a record gets into the data buffer, it is accessible by OCLC 5277 As an initial part of the operations, users must search and retrieve a bibliographic record for the desired item from the large OC LC database. entered by users of the OCLC online system was conducted to determine the types of search keys users prefer for performing various that use search keys to retrieve bibliographic records from large databases. the name/title index, the user enters a search key consisting of the first In the second case, the system retrieves all records that correspond to the search key, prepares truncated entries (consisting of author, title, imprint data, etc.) for those records, and displays the truncated entries on the user''s terminal screen . For the acquisitions function (table 2), the most frequently used primary search key was the LCCN key, which retrieved the desired record the record, the user chose mostly the name/title key as his/her secondary choice or abandoned the search. 5278 Jenko LUKAC: Lewis and Clark College Library, Portland, Oregon. System (PEAS) was the Watzek Library at Lewis and Clark College to the PEAS program, in order to illustrate how software developed at one institution can be who developed PEAS at Pacific be responsible for the enhancements at Lewis program was to rename it CLAS-the The most important change, however, was to translate it from Data General manufacturer implements a slightly different version of a programming language.) author and title makes use of unlimited rightand left-handed truncation. 4. CLAS can produce vendor reports prevention of duplicate orders by matching new orders being input with records A potential duplicate is reported if there is a match on both restrictive, and CLAS was programmed to report a duplicate if only the title fields for a match in either the title or the author''s last name and first initial. and to record programming information CLAS program ($80) or manual ($40) directly 5279 prevention of duplicate orders by matching new orders being input with records and to record programming information current and potential role of information Some paradigms from the past and present may, therefore, be of use in articulating the everyday importance of information. I suggest that this trend toward information experts is inimical to a democratic I would suggest, however , that wellpackaged and targeted information could In either case, even though I cannot repair my car, I can, because of information , problems, and can function as an imperfect paradigm for what information developm e nt commensurate to technological Another indicator of the "information almost always indicates an absence of information. information to people in general consists importance of information with a lack of suggest that information will have to be the most publicized and talked about technological development in the field of cable television: QUBE, its two-way interactive 5280 television: QUBE, its two-way interactive in the form of QUBE cable television, or OCLC proposed a book discussion program to QUBE. indicated that the Home Book Club research proposal would be rejected. answering questions posed to home viewers on QUBE programs . Book Club program, home viewers were way, the home viewers were given additional opportunities to "democratically" Book Club program the QUBE system Book Club program was cablecast in Columbus. first six Home Book Club programs. books, home viewers were asked to respond to a series of demographic-type of the typical Home Book Club viewer viewing a televised interactive book discussion . twenty-nine television program alternatives from which a viewer can choose, In the democratic television environment that the Horne Book Club provides, issued to Horne Book Club viewers . As for the Home Book Club , QUBE As for the Home Book Club , QUBE Home Book Club may well be a way to 5281 the community will be diminished and libraries may go the way of railroads. for use when the CLSI LIBS 100 automated circulation system is not operating, Great Neck Library conducted an informal down (inoperative), the CTI system is connected to a terminal, and data is recorded When the LIBS 100 is up (operating) once again, the backup is connected CLSI terminal and the backup unit at the 2. Reason for Purchase: Five libraries Six respondents said that software was maintained by CTI, but hardware was Three libraries answered that CTI assurance from CLSI that the installation of the backup system would purchase two CTI backup systems for use microform catalog will not include: location Why did the Tucson Public Library worked with location information at a public library with many branches Public Library indicated that close to $40,000 to $60,000 a year and the information in the microform catalog 5282 microform catalog will not include'', location (copies available in both film and fiche format) will fulfill the bibliographic function $40,000 to $60,000 a year and the information in the microform catalog User searches microform catalog by author and/or title. leaves unsatisfied or goes to desk (or public access terminal) If user does not find book on shelf, user either leaves unsatisfied or goes to desk (or public access terminal) to obtain User searches microform catalog. If user does not find appropriate material he/she leaves unsatisfied or goes to desk for help (reference interview, etc.) . or go to the desk (or public access terminal) for help. and finds the desired item in the microform catalog but notes that the agency is or holdings in the microform catalog or holdings in the microform catalog or holdings in the microform catalog The structure of publications into documents (or "books") and works, the clear 5283 One could say simply that library materials consist of documents that are stored and cataloged because they contain works. The structure of publications into documents (or "books") and works, the clear Items that contain two or more documents All bibliographic items, furthermore, contain works. An item may contain one single work. A Typical Novel); Bottom, Multiple-Work Document (Example: A Collection of Plays). But in the case of some multiple-document items (publications of types item may or may not have their own individual document titles. we find that we can assign to each bibliographic item that is added to a library''s online catalog system supported by a database that contains the records of a library''s A searcher working with such an analytic catalog could use the code to limit output to manageable stages-first all items of be anticipated, then, that once the structure code is part of the standard record 5284 A searcher working with such an analytic catalog could use the code to limit output to manageable stages-first all items of those input from MARC tapes, it is imperative that the records meet the standards set by OCLC and that the cataloging and formatting of the records be free Edition, 3 for records input later), the Library of Congress'' application of the cataloging code, and the various MARC formats in preparing records to be input. In addition, fixed fields provide coded information about the cataloging records. contributed cataloging is the amount of revision needed to bring the records up to study of the quality of a group of membercontributed catalog records was conducted and ISBD rules and to the OCLC standards for input cataloging. of records requiring cataloging revision is more errors in member-contributed catalog records . Ryans, "A Study of Errors Found in Non-MARC Cataloging in a MachineAssisted System," journal of Library Automation 11 :128 (June 1978). 5285 "Public Libraries and the Remote Electronic Delivery of Information (REDI)," a Inc., considered the issues that public libraries must examine before becoming involved in electronic information services . for the future of libraries and universal access to information in the electronic age . public, the electronic library association the remote electronic delivery of information* (REDI) by publicly supported libraries • plan , fund, and develop working demonstrations of library REDI services ; • communicate the availability of electronic library services to the user community; · Public libraries and nonprofit organizations with information interests, such as information and referral groups, are invited to join the electronic library association . access to materials in microform by building a nationwide database of machinereadable records for individual titles in materials in microform in ARL libraries (ASME), Battelle researchers are examining ways to use computers as an alternative to publications for communicating 5286 presented at the Second Intemational Research Forum on Information Science, School of Information and Library Science, Case Western Reserve University, of books written on the design, development, and use of large-scale database systems, there have been few that focus on this book does provide information about Library of Congress Filing Rules. the arrangement of entries for the production of catalogs, and that filing rules current at the time would be impossible to develop rules appropriate for the arrangement of entries by computer, those at the Library of Congress and the ALA committee working on the problem soon realized sense supports a set of rules that are simple, consistent, and easy to explain to library users. Systems designers who have implemented this rule clearly have transcendent skills! The Library of Congress rules, although ALA filing rules expressed in terms of the that translates the filing rules into the language of the MARC format. 5287 The highlights of LITA board meetings are published here to inform division Malinconico announced and discussed the joint LITA/RTSD board meeting to take place later in the week. The board was brought up to date by Maier on the preconference the Telecommunications Committee plans to sponsor at San Francisco. After discussion, the board asked the LITA executive director to contact Mr. It was decided to bring the matter up at the LITA/RTSD joint board meeting Joint LITA/RTSD Board Meeting Michael Malinconico stated that the formation of this committee would be one way of addressing some of RTSD and LITA''s mutual concerns. A discussion of the MARBI Committee and LITA representation at its meetings took It was reported that the National Conference Program Committee would ask the ALA Publications Committee-and asks the LITA Board to resolve this question. Committee recommends that LITA prepare information for ALA members who The Membership Committee requests support of the LITA Board for student 5288 The Library of Congress has historically fitted catalog codes to its own for further modifications eventually led to the drafting of AACR2, a code result in cataloging delays, higher processing costs, and inconsistent entries. The decision by the RTSD Catalog Code Revision Committee and Unfortunately, rules establishing entries for serials have sometimes been muddied rather than clarified in the Bulletin. How are other libraries responding to the murky form of AACR2? Some of these are establishing cross-reference links between variant forms of names between catalogs, while others are not. The cooperative efforts of the Library of Congr~s and the major bibliographic utilities to establish reliable automated authority control will do AACR2¥2-not a new edition of the code but one accurately reflecting With this issue, we are initiating a new section: "Reports and Working Papers." This is intended to help disseminate documents of particular interest to 5289 entailed substantial changes to the U.K. MARC format, the BLAISE Filing Rules, and a variety of products produced for the British Library itself British Library file conversion involved not only headings but also algorithmic conversion of the descriptive cataloguing. new and more sophisticated BLAISE (British Library Automated Information Service) Filing Rules. changes but also to automatic MARC coding and text conversions bringing Retrospective Conversion of the UK MARC Files 1950-1980,"2 prepared in the Computer Services Department. TheN arne Conversion File was built up by BSD''s Descriptive Cataloguing Section over nine months of 1980 and comprises authenticated AACR2 Name Conversion File Record The first stage of the conversion process for U.K. MARC records (1950-80) involved all records being processed against the Name Conversion File to replace AACRl with AACR2 headings and associated references. conversions for U.K. MARC were very complex programs. 3. British Library, Bibliographic Services Division, "Specification for Conversion of LC 5290 OCLC''s Online Union Catalog (OLUC) contains bibliographic records dramatically as users attempted to resolve those conflicts, OCLC converted name headings and uniform titles in its database to AACR2 form. task force compared the two sets of rules on a rule-by-rule basis to determine: (1) effects of rule changes on the MARC record formats , (2) who However, in light of estimated costs to individual libraries to convert existing headings and uniform titles to AACR2 form, the showed that OCLC could convert by machine a large portion of its bibliographic records to conform to AACR2. Modifications Needed for AACR2 Conversion (Based on a Sample of 100 Records) Set 1 functional specifications addressed the conversion of bibliographic records to AACR2 by matching the 2. Identify a field in the bibliographic record for potential conversion. to a file every time a change is made to a bibliographic field. 5291 This article describes the experience of a large academic library with headings in the OCLC database that have been converted to AACR2 form. Nevertheless, the presence of the authority records, and especially the conversion of about 40 percent of the headings in the bibliographic file, has been in the (to our mind) progressive decision of OCLC to use machine matching techniques to convert the form of name and title headings in its The authority record (example 3) includes a note identifying both pseudonyms as valid AACR2 headings, but, of course, the programs as written Example 6 is the authority record for theAACR2 form of heading for the correct AACR 2 form of headings, and should be cited on authority cards we prepare, when 5 Author or title portion of heading not converted to AACR 2 form. AACR 2 in constructing these headings, and record the LC form on authority cards when 5292 categories of manual , batch , and online systems, and (2) to capture opinions on the circulation manager''s view of his management Fifty-seven percent of managers of manual systems responded that three groups were used to explore the question of association between level of automation and manager service attitudes (see table 3). manual-system managers agreed that "control of circulating books tends to be inadequate." This compares to 16 percent of tend to expect more service than the department can give," 56 percent of manual managers agreed, as did 46 percent of batch Circulation managers are generally favorable in their attitudes toward user demands and expectations. batch managers agreed that "the circulation department should be oriented towards users'' expectations," only 70 percent "Users should be more tolerant of limitations in circulation services," manual managers disagreed by 34 percent, batch managers by 40 percent, and online managers 5293 counts were made of the number of bibliographic records, headings that appear in Thus, a file of records containing the distinct headings from a set of bibliographic records is equivalent in size to a MARC authority file of the headings in those bibliographic records. MARC II bibliographic record files maintained internally at LC: books, serials, normalized AP records were used to produce the counts of distinct headings by clustering like data strings. Number of Records Added to Each File by Year Table 2 presents the number of occurrences of name headings in the MARC bibliographic files and the number of distinct The number of distinct headings that were new to the file in a year was while 1 ,308,193 of the headings that appeared on the records were personal names, corporate, conference, topical, and geographic headings that appear in the bibliographic files. additional 100 bibliographic records approximately 298 name and subject headings 5294 personal names require cross-references. only once but would require authority records because of cross-references could be to have cross-references, thus the nameauthority file for personal names could be the Science-Engineering Reference Department at the University of Arizona Library RLIN systems as reference tools, to see if their use can significantly improve the effectiveness and efficiency of providing reference service. amount of time required to verify or identify a requested item, then the patron, the known-item searches for catalog card production, our evaluation attempts to document their usefulness in reference service. that approximately 50 percent of the questionable citations requiring further bibliographic verification could be identified on trained to search on OCLC and RLIN. and library assistants who regularly provide reference assistance. ''will collect samples of reference requests for The manual OCLC and RLIN searching for each Each request will be searched on both OCLC and 5295 cataloging and catalog maintenance, retrospective conversion, reference, COM catalog production, acquisitions, and accounting functions for libraries operating within standard service interface between the applications programs and the TP monitor. smaller base of libraries from which its participants could obtain the benefits of shared penalize libraries for joining WLN, the first accept catalog records only from libraries source code and requiring that the replicants install these releases within twelve Because of the interest in shared development and because WLN itself is not in a Further work allowed searching on the system from the library''s 3270 terminals. WLN will warrant that the source code supplied WLN has not implemented data sharing WLN libraries should see Illinois records on support cataloging input and edit on WLN. will bear out, many libraries have developed their own planning techniques inhouse. their planning efforts, some of which appear to be useful in automation development. 5296 their planning efforts, some of which appear to be useful in automation development. This problem was addressed by the administration of the Clemson library, and was resolved in a unique functions at Clemson were in need of automation, no concrete approach to developthe whole library at Clemson and to determine the attendant costs and benefits of Since developing the methodology for this kind of study effort inhouse has been shown by experience elsewhere to be both expensive and Although the ATT study technique is generalized for work on any problem in the education arena, it seems particularly well suited The Application Transfer Team methodology was developed by the IBM Corporation for customer use. The study team was chosen by the library experience in library automation development, the head of circulation contributed time, other IBM and DAPS staff were involved in assisting with interviews and report writing. The timing of the A TT study was fortunate for the Clemson library. 5297 The cataloging rules followed by American libraries favor recording the title page The technique known as an escape sequence announces that the codes which follow will represent letters in a specific different alphabet instead of the roman letters the The six-bit character sets are used to distribute MARC records on seven-track tapes. It is unlikely that a method can be devised for distribution of nonroman character sets records on such tapes. own codes into the ALA character set as the standard character sets that makes nonroman six-bit codes impossible.) The ALA extension of ASCII is not an official standard ASCII, there is a draft international standard extended Latin alphabet character set escape sequence which changes the meaning of the codes in columns 10-15 contains standards also define escape sequence procedures for changing to multiple byte character sets. Escape Sequence Character Set subfield code, and a three-character escape 5298 WLN data has been successfully transferred to local circulation systems and an agreement has been reached under consideration currently support public online catalogs of an individual library''s A public online catalog requires support use of local online catalogs on their are participating in a study of user requirements for a public online catalog. been successfully transferred to a local public online catalog at Northwestern University. a local online catalog and computerassisted instruction in its use for the public. A data cassette recorder connected to a It is important that a data recorder be note that the data recorded on the tape are The recorder selected should use the recorded data to a printer or to a computer. operations but of little use in data data than can be recorded on one data than can be recorded on one data than can be recorded on one 5299 the local record could have all the authoritative Library of Congress access points. tapes of a library''s catalog records-and offers many other services for processing and Library of Congress-produced Machinereadable cataloging records (MARC) Government Printing Office-produced records (cataloged directly into OCLC by Member libraries may search the database to determine the holdings of particular • Publisher, using a truncated ISBN (International Standard Book Number) [restricted to items cataloged by the Library of members'' machine-readable cataloging information, have some usefulness for libraries making decisions about preservation priorities. utility member library may prepare the cataloging according to specified standards library catalog, but also of a local circulation, acquisitions, and serials system, as Member libraries'' symbols and local cataloging information will be displayed with Local cataloging information is accessible online through the library''s WLN terminal. Using this system a library enters brief cataloging records which are collected by the system and searched later as a 5300 This is the third presentation of the LIT A Award for Outstanding Achievement. he made of technology in support of a clear vision of effective library service. the application of technology to library service. study of the fit between technology and the delivery of effective library service. the venerable acronym ISAD to the new name of the division: Library and Information Technology Association (LITA). The first session I attended at that conference was a meeting of the Committee on Library Automation (COLA). Maurice Freedman (left) receiving 1980 LITA Award presented by S. I expect that it must be particularly gratifying for Mitch to accept his award in It was just about twenty years ago that Mitch, after graduating Before leaving Berkeley, Mitch earned his degree in library science. schools on the east coast, the Columbia University School of Library Service. 5301 Eight of the fifteen agencies made significant internal-processing use of the MARCcommunications-format structure, including the leader, directory, and character As noted, all but three agencies use IBM 1982.-Walt Crawford, Chair, The Research Libraries Group, Inc. A test of viewdata system called CHANNEL 2000 was conducted by OCLC in Columbus, Ohio, during the last quarter of Department''s home delivery of library services program, CHANNEL 2000 was developed and tested to investigate technical, Although this might suggest that library viewdata services should be taxbased, subsequent focus-group interviews Rank Order CHANNEL 2000 Service Browse through the videocard catalog of the Public Libraries of Columbus and Franklin County, and Intended for medium and large research libraries or groups of libraries, NOTIS provides comprehensive online integratedprocessing capabilities for cataloging, has been in use by the National Library of Medicine Library announces its computerbased online catalog/library control system LC, (b) library-specific assigned authority, and (c) word list available to 5302 pointed review of the organization of information transfer, some current trends, factors affecting acceptance of new technologies, and some broad projections for the chapter on Euronet DIANE describes problems in creating an online database capability in the European political environment. information brokers, where funding, staffing, publicizing, and the search process itself are handled differently than in libraries. databases; equipment needs; search techniques; managing an online service in a library; training searchers; promoting service; and measurement and evaluation. need for the professional who attended library school before course offerings in online information retrieval were available. The next five chapters cover search language, databases, various types of text topic has made the same mistake of reprinting search-service and database-producer show the formats used to search for information in a specific database across the two be using the same database through different systems and a "universal" quickreference chart is needed. like online information systems except for 5303 It is with mixed emotions that we note that this is the last issue of the Journal of The first issue appeared in March 1968, just shortly after this editor had graduated from library school. source of information about developments in library automation. This is also the last issue of the first volume produced by a new editorial Please welcome volume l , number l of Information Technology and Libraries when its bright new face appears on your doorstep in March. encouraged a broadening of lOLA''s original scope. In our September issue, we initiated a new section , " Reports and Working We would welcome comments on the usefulness (or wastefulness) of the new Standards continue to be a major concern in our field. Paul and Jim Long in this issue useful. standards development efforts when possible. Please t ry to use developed standards whenever they are applicable to your work. 5304 Technological imperatives will produce major changes in society in the the smaller communities we may hope to see replacing conurbations, especially as much work will no longer need to be done in groups and will take As well as meeting the continuing needs for scientific and technical knowledge and skills, education must educate people for leisure. long on likely developments in information technology , since it is becoming almost impossible to pick up even a newspaper without reading something about them. Libraries are intermediaries in the communication of information, at best transmitters: if intermediaries are less needed, and transmission is done in other ways, where do All of these will need access to information of different kinds , and another question that I would turn round, and, instead, ask, What national library/information service will be needed to serve future society? libraries and information services for the future society but in helping to 5305 control, document text is also examined for certain terms, e.g., author title page) are tied to their authoritative name form (controlled vocabulary) in an authority file . (in this case, an authority file) and bibliographic records; the indexing discovers matches between the list of possible terms in the thesaurus (variants of author names) with the "free-text" terms (title-page author names) , and posts the appropriate controlled thesaurus terms (authoritative author A thesaurus of authority records for the Buchanan Collection was manually created and placed in an online file. File processing for the tune records and the authority thesaurus was variants in order to increase matches by standardizing term forms. such match criteria to discover variant author name forms in creating the match terms, a file of all unmatched authority names, and a file constructed for the update of the bibliographic records, giving the document gives the variant form matched, its field type, the proper authoritative 5306 "2 Flexner went on to characterize four major functions of circulation as follows: (1) The staff must know the books in the locate books, on the shelves or in circulation; to know who is using material user''s use or borrowing of the library''s materials. the level of control provided by the various circulation systems of the past, or her charges recorded on the given page indicated by the user''s number. The economy of not having to write the borrower''s name for every transaction was made possible through the creation of a file of patron records every time someone wished to borrow books from the library. Consequently, the recording of the borrower''s identification during circulation transactions only involved the notation of the number. circulation transaction involved the removal of the card from the pocket on the circulation card, the book would be recharged (i.e., renewed) to the labor of creating circulation cards and maintaining registration records for 5307 the benefits, disadvantages, and consequences of simplification of the MARC formats for bibliographic records. Control as one facet in exploring the perceived high costs of cataloging and adhering to MARC formats in ARL libraries. MARC format can be viewed: history, standards, and codes; present purposes; library MARC formats can firmly standparticularly in regard to content designation (tags, indicators, and subfield codes MARC format to provide for greater specificity in the coding of originating library, specific MARC formats has made the descriptive cataloging process (and the training to undertake it) clearer in that the logical relationships and description of the data Benefits that accrue to computing operations as a result of the MARC format include the use of what was called "a pretty library technical people hesitate to recommend any major changes to the MARC format at this time. format might be required to design and implement online catalogs/information retrieval systems which can be responsive to 5308 2. "Principles of MARC Format Content Designation," draft (Washington, D.C.: Library of been responding to budget pressures by altering the format of their library catalogs the original data shows a stronger advantage of fiche over film (45.3 minutes versus The Berkeley report of fiche/film comparability addressed the issue of retrieval from a large public library COM catalog, in library science were reasonably representative users for a test of speed. speed of retrieval more in the film format fiche users; the range of speed for the film the film was faster than most fiche times. recorded by either fiche or film users. film over fiche in this study is greater than Film for COM Catalogs-Two Use Tests" in sending orders directly to John Coutts Library Services Ltd. in print format using NONESUCH acquisitions system to transmit orders electronically to Book House using the BISAC tape format. receive test orders in a print file format. 5309 These systems still required local mailing for all other vendor orders. sending orders directly to John Coutts Library Services Ltd. in print format using NONESUCH acquisitions system to transmit orders electronically to Book House using the BISAC tape format. accepted part of the library acquisitions order. 4. The library must receive order status electronic data transmission for book ordering have been developed. the Book Industry Systems Advisory Committee (BISAC), a subcommittee of the data transmission format for libraries. BISAC purchase order format, including This book ordering activity and standards use is fine for the book vendors and OCLC plans to use BISAC data transmission protocol and fixed data format in their items that a library needs to order that cannot be supported by this current standard. on the BISAC purchase order subcommittee. electronic transmission is order status information. For input to BISAC purchase order formats, write to: J. 5310 minicomputer-based CLSI LIBS 100 automated circulation system was down. monitor, and a switching system connecting the Apple to the LIBS 100 console and them into the database by simulating a terminal when the mini-main-frame is operational again. connected to the Main Library checkout Apple in our computer room, a simple operation requiring some additional cable. was handling materials, felt they could afford to lose much terminal time for dumping. Thus, the reference department''s information desk terminal was reluctantly public service terminals to one Apple, in locations in the main building while the station branch staff were writing down twice terminals to the second Apple while keeping connector for the branch terminal is removed from its port on the LIBS 100 console mode and the Apple takes over the information desk''s port for dumping, rendering that As the dumping process operates, a file paid in the loss of the dumping terminal''s 5311 savings his company could find if their customers provided the International Standard Book Number (ISBN) on their orders. of ISBNs on orders introduces to the fulfillment process at publishing houses and The second function was the design of computer-tocomputer formats for orders and invoices quantity and the ISBN for each title ordered, not the sending of bibliographic records as such. for developing the first computer-tocomputer order format. been shelved after that company lost interest and the individual chairing the subcommittee working on the format left the field. of data processing, agreed to chair a subcommittee to develop an invoice format, receiving orders on tape in Format 112 from Six publishers are now sending information in this format to the Ingram at least a year before the bulk of those organizations now sending tapes in Order Format #2 and Invoice Format# 1 program for into publishers than when sent in the BISAC format. 5312 (PSSC) conducted a survey of academic libraries in July 1980 to study their data communications needs and services. any, a national satellite cable library network might be already in technical existence. how many cable libraries would be interested in participating in satellite-assisted library services and video-teleconferences? That ad resulted in an additional 97 cable libraries requesting to participate in the survey, raising NCC No CATV ConnectionWhile a cable system with all the satellite hardware requirements may be operating technical capability, but have no desire to participate in a national satellite cable library network. of provisions for closed-circuit, discrete delivery of satellite transmissions from thecable system''s receiver into the library. ideal satellite program areas within each library''s community included the following through cable connectivity suggests a national satellite CATV LIB network is a presently available and usable resource with potential for future expanded capabilities and 5313 The American Red Cross had encouraged all its local chapters to initiate program reception in their communities by approaching the local cable system about PSSC contacted 53 libraries in 23 states that were interested in assuming local coordination for cable systems to schedule receiving this program (if the local Red Cross chapter had not Monroe County Public Library, working demonstrations of library electronic information services; electronic library services to the community; The Electronic Library Membership Initiative Group will meet during the members is available from Richard Sweeney at the Public Library of Columbus and Library and Information Services. stimulate and coordinate the work of libraries, microform publishers, bibliographic utilities, and regional networks in B. ELMIG seeks to promote participation and leadership in remote electronic delivery of information by publicly supported libraries and nonprofit organizations. Nominations are being sought for the Library and Information Technology Association''s Award for Achievement. 5314 Hegarty''s book, the second edition of his original joy of Contracts (American Library Association, Dallas, Texas, June write a contract that will assure a library The weakne.c;ses involve the organization of the text, the writing style, the specific focus on automated turnkey "Computerized Library Circulation System." The first edition of this book It is composed of a primary section-in outline form-on the elements of a contract between a library and a contract language (identifiable by use of the automated systems and sources for libraries 320 Journal of Library Automation Vol. 14/4 December 1981 a contract with a vendor of automated systems and services, the strengths of More loy if titles in the "Current Books" and For example, in the section "Current Books," there is a see reference from "A. (Artificial Intelligence)." In the "Current Books" section, Then there was Business Automation News Analysis Edition published information in the book and the currentness 5315 Motion was made by Markuson , seconded by Rehnberg, and passed that: Kenney announced that she had appointed an ad hoc Goals and Long-range Planning Committee chaired by George Abbott. A motion was made by Markuson, seconded by Kenney, and passed that: plans for the LIT A President''s Program at the Philadelphia ALA Annual Conference. A motion was made by Kenney, seconded by Eaton, and passed that: Bonnie Juergens, chairperson of ISAS, reported that the section has approved three programs for the Philadelphia Conference. Juergens reported that the ISAS Retrospective Conversion Discussion Group Board that the Publications Committee feels it is time to change the title of lOLA. chairperson, asked the Board''s permission to include his committee on LIT A''s much interested and Bradley was asked to work with the LIT A Program Planning 15 percent, but that a subcommittee of the LIT A Program Planning Committee