id sid tid token lemma pos 3358 1 1 4 4 CD 3358 1 2 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 3358 1 3 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 3358 1 4 AND and CC 3358 1 5 LIBRARIES library NNS 3358 1 6 | | NNP 3358 1 7 MARCH MARCH NNS 3358 1 8 2005 2005 CD 3358 1 9 The the DT 3358 1 10 challenges challenge NNS 3358 1 11 encountered encounter VBN 3358 1 12 in in IN 3358 1 13 building build VBG 3358 1 14 the the DT 3358 1 15 International International NNP 3358 1 16 Children Children NNPS 3358 1 17 ’s ’s POS 3358 1 18 Digital Digital NNP 3358 1 19 Library Library NNP 3358 1 20 ( ( -LRB- 3358 1 21 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 1 22 ) ) -RRB- 3358 1 23 , , , 3358 1 24 a a DT 3358 1 25 freely freely RB 3358 1 26 available available JJ 3358 1 27 online online JJ 3358 1 28 library library NN 3358 1 29 of of IN 3358 1 30 children child NNS 3358 1 31 ’s ’s POS 3358 1 32 literature literature NN 3358 1 33 are be VBP 3358 1 34 described describe VBN 3358 1 35 . . . 3358 2 1 These these DT 3358 2 2 challenges challenge NNS 3358 2 3 include include VBP 3358 2 4 selecting select VBG 3358 2 5 and and CC 3358 2 6 processing processing NN 3358 2 7 books book NNS 3358 2 8 from from IN 3358 2 9 different different JJ 3358 2 10 countries country NNS 3358 2 11 , , , 3358 2 12 handling handle VBG 3358 2 13 and and CC 3358 2 14 presenting present VBG 3358 2 15 multiple multiple JJ 3358 2 16 languages language NNS 3358 2 17 simultaneously simultaneously RB 3358 2 18 , , , 3358 2 19 and and CC 3358 2 20 addressing address VBG 3358 2 21 cultural cultural JJ 3358 2 22 dif- dif- NNS 3358 2 23 ferences ference NNS 3358 2 24 . . . 3358 3 1 Unlike unlike IN 3358 3 2 other other JJ 3358 3 3 digital digital JJ 3358 3 4 libraries library NNS 3358 3 5 that that WDT 3358 3 6 present present VBP 3358 3 7 con- con- NN 3358 3 8 tent tent NN 3358 3 9 from from IN 3358 3 10 one one CD 3358 3 11 or or CC 3358 3 12 a a DT 3358 3 13 few few JJ 3358 3 14 languages language NNS 3358 3 15 and and CC 3358 3 16 cultures culture NNS 3358 3 17 , , , 3358 3 18 and and CC 3358 3 19 focus focus VB 3358 3 20 on on IN 3358 3 21 either either DT 3358 3 22 adult adult NN 3358 3 23 or or CC 3358 3 24 child child NN 3358 3 25 audiences audience NNS 3358 3 26 , , , 3358 3 27 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 3 28 must must MD 3358 3 29 serve serve VB 3358 3 30 a a DT 3358 3 31 multilingual multilingual JJ 3358 3 32 , , , 3358 3 33 multicultural multicultural JJ 3358 3 34 , , , 3358 3 35 multigenerational multigenerational JJ 3358 3 36 audience audience NN 3358 3 37 . . . 3358 4 1 The the DT 3358 4 2 research research NN 3358 4 3 is be VBZ 3358 4 4 presented present VBN 3358 4 5 as as IN 3358 4 6 a a DT 3358 4 7 case case NN 3358 4 8 study study NN 3358 4 9 for for IN 3358 4 10 addressing address VBG 3358 4 11 these these DT 3358 4 12 design design NN 3358 4 13 criteria criterion NNS 3358 4 14 ; ; , 3358 4 15 current current JJ 3358 4 16 solutions solution NNS 3358 4 17 and and CC 3358 4 18 plans plan NNS 3358 4 19 for for IN 3358 4 20 future future JJ 3358 4 21 work work NN 3358 4 22 are be VBP 3358 4 23 described describe VBN 3358 4 24 . . . 3358 5 1 T T NNP 3358 5 2 he -PRON- PRP 3358 5 3 Internet internet NN 3358 5 4 is be VBZ 3358 5 5 a a DT 3358 5 6 multilingual multilingual JJ 3358 5 7 , , , 3358 5 8 multicultural multicultural JJ 3358 5 9 , , , 3358 5 10 multi- multi- JJ 3358 5 11 generational generational JJ 3358 5 12 environment environment NN 3358 5 13 . . . 3358 6 1 While while IN 3358 6 2 once once RB 3358 6 3 the the DT 3358 6 4 domain domain NN 3358 6 5 of of IN 3358 6 6 English English NNP 3358 6 7 - - HYPH 3358 6 8 speaking speak VBG 3358 6 9 , , , 3358 6 10 Western western JJ 3358 6 11 , , , 3358 6 12 adult adult NN 3358 6 13 males male NNS 3358 6 14 , , , 3358 6 15 the the DT 3358 6 16 demo- demo- NN 3358 6 17 graphics graphic NNS 3358 6 18 of of IN 3358 6 19 the the DT 3358 6 20 Internet internet NN 3358 6 21 have have VBP 3358 6 22 changed change VBN 3358 6 23 remarkably remarkably RB 3358 6 24 over over IN 3358 6 25 the the DT 3358 6 26 last last JJ 3358 6 27 decade decade NN 3358 6 28 . . . 3358 7 1 As as IN 3358 7 2 of of IN 3358 7 3 March March NNP 3358 7 4 2004 2004 CD 3358 7 5 , , , 3358 7 6 English English NNP 3358 7 7 was be VBD 3358 7 8 the the DT 3358 7 9 native native JJ 3358 7 10 language language NN 3358 7 11 of of IN 3358 7 12 only only JJ 3358 7 13 35 35 CD 3358 7 14 percent percent NN 3358 7 15 of of IN 3358 7 16 the the DT 3358 7 17 total total JJ 3358 7 18 world world NN 3358 7 19 online online NNP 3358 7 20 pop- pop- NNP 3358 7 21 ulation ulation NN 3358 7 22 . . . 3358 8 1 As as IN 3358 8 2 of of IN 3358 8 3 March March NNP 3358 8 4 2004 2004 CD 3358 8 5 , , , 3358 8 6 Asia Asia NNP 3358 8 7 , , , 3358 8 8 Europe Europe NNP 3358 8 9 , , , 3358 8 10 and and CC 3358 8 11 North North NNP 3358 8 12 America America NNP 3358 8 13 each each DT 3358 8 14 make make VBP 3358 8 15 up up RP 3358 8 16 roughly roughly RB 3358 8 17 30 30 CD 3358 8 18 percent percent NN 3358 8 19 of of IN 3358 8 20 Internet internet NN 3358 8 21 usage usage NN 3358 8 22 worldwide.1 worldwide.1 NN 3358 8 23 In in IN 3358 8 24 the the DT 3358 8 25 United United NNP 3358 8 26 States States NNP 3358 8 27 , , , 3358 8 28 women woman NNS 3358 8 29 and and CC 3358 8 30 men man NNS 3358 8 31 now now RB 3358 8 32 use use VBP 3358 8 33 the the DT 3358 8 34 Internet internet NN 3358 8 35 in in IN 3358 8 36 approximately approximately RB 3358 8 37 equal equal JJ 3358 8 38 numbers number NNS 3358 8 39 , , , 3358 8 40 and and CC 3358 8 41 children child NNS 3358 8 42 and and CC 3358 8 43 teenagers teenager NNS 3358 8 44 use use VBP 3358 8 45 the the DT 3358 8 46 Internet internet NN 3358 8 47 more more RBR 3358 8 48 than than IN 3358 8 49 any any DT 3358 8 50 other other JJ 3358 8 51 age age NN 3358 8 52 group.2 group.2 CD 3358 8 53 Creators creator NNS 3358 8 54 of of IN 3358 8 55 online online JJ 3358 8 56 digital digital JJ 3358 8 57 libraries library NNS 3358 8 58 have have VBP 3358 8 59 recognized recognize VBN 3358 8 60 the the DT 3358 8 61 benefit benefit NN 3358 8 62 of of IN 3358 8 63 making make VBG 3358 8 64 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 8 65 content content NN 3358 8 66 available available JJ 3358 8 67 to to IN 3358 8 68 users user NNS 3358 8 69 around around IN 3358 8 70 the the DT 3358 8 71 world world NN 3358 8 72 , , , 3358 8 73 not not RB 3358 8 74 only only RB 3358 8 75 for for IN 3358 8 76 the the DT 3358 8 77 obvious obvious JJ 3358 8 78 benefits benefit NNS 3358 8 79 of of IN 3358 8 80 broader broad JJR 3358 8 81 dissemination dissemination NN 3358 8 82 of of IN 3358 8 83 information information NN 3358 8 84 and and CC 3358 8 85 cultural cultural JJ 3358 8 86 aware- aware- NN 3358 8 87 ness ness NN 3358 8 88 , , , 3358 8 89 but but CC 3358 8 90 also also RB 3358 8 91 as as IN 3358 8 92 tools tool NNS 3358 8 93 for for IN 3358 8 94 empowerment empowerment NN 3358 8 95 and and CC 3358 8 96 strengthen- strengthen- NN 3358 8 97 ing ing NNP 3358 8 98 community.3 community.3 NNP 3358 8 99 Creating create VBG 3358 8 100 digital digital JJ 3358 8 101 libraries library NNS 3358 8 102 for for IN 3358 8 103 children child NNS 3358 8 104 has have VBZ 3358 8 105 also also RB 3358 8 106 become become VBN 3358 8 107 a a DT 3358 8 108 popular popular JJ 3358 8 109 research research NN 3358 8 110 topic topic NN 3358 8 111 as as IN 3358 8 112 more more JJR 3358 8 113 children child NNS 3358 8 114 access access VBP 3358 8 115 the the DT 3358 8 116 Internet.4 Internet.4 NNP 3358 8 117 The the DT 3358 8 118 International International NNP 3358 8 119 Children Children NNPS 3358 8 120 ’s ’s POS 3358 8 121 Digital Digital NNP 3358 8 122 Library Library NNP 3358 8 123 ( ( -LRB- 3358 8 124 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 8 125 ) ) -RRB- 3358 8 126 project project NN 3358 8 127 seeks seek VBZ 3358 8 128 to to TO 3358 8 129 combine combine VB 3358 8 130 these these DT 3358 8 131 areas area NNS 3358 8 132 of of IN 3358 8 133 research research NN 3358 8 134 to to TO 3358 8 135 address address VB 3358 8 136 the the DT 3358 8 137 needs need NNS 3358 8 138 of of IN 3358 8 139 both both CC 3358 8 140 international international JJ 3358 8 141 and and CC 3358 8 142 intergenerational intergenerational JJ 3358 8 143 users.5 users.5 NN 3358 8 144 ■ ■ CD 3358 8 145 Background Background NNP 3358 8 146 and and CC 3358 8 147 Related Related NNP 3358 8 148 Work Work NNP 3358 8 149 Creating create VBG 3358 8 150 international international JJ 3358 8 151 software software NN 3358 8 152 is be VBZ 3358 8 153 a a DT 3358 8 154 complex complex JJ 3358 8 155 process process NN 3358 8 156 involving involve VBG 3358 8 157 two two CD 3358 8 158 steps step NNS 3358 8 159 : : : 3358 8 160 internationalization internationalization NN 3358 8 161 , , , 3358 8 162 where where WRB 3358 8 163 the the DT 3358 8 164 core core NN 3358 8 165 functionality functionality NN 3358 8 166 of of IN 3358 8 167 the the DT 3358 8 168 software software NN 3358 8 169 is be VBZ 3358 8 170 separated separate VBN 3358 8 171 from from IN 3358 8 172 localized localized JJ 3358 8 173 interface interface NN 3358 8 174 details detail NNS 3358 8 175 , , , 3358 8 176 and and CC 3358 8 177 localization localization NN 3358 8 178 , , , 3358 8 179 where where WRB 3358 8 180 the the DT 3358 8 181 interface interface NN 3358 8 182 is be VBZ 3358 8 183 customized customize VBN 3358 8 184 for for IN 3358 8 185 a a DT 3358 8 186 particular particular JJ 3358 8 187 audience.6 audience.6 CD 3358 8 188 The the DT 3358 8 189 localization localization NN 3358 8 190 step step NN 3358 8 191 is be VBZ 3358 8 192 not not RB 3358 8 193 simply simply RB 3358 8 194 a a DT 3358 8 195 matter matter NN 3358 8 196 of of IN 3358 8 197 language language NN 3358 8 198 translation translation NN 3358 8 199 , , , 3358 8 200 but but CC 3358 8 201 involves involve VBZ 3358 8 202 technical technical JJ 3358 8 203 , , , 3358 8 204 national national JJ 3358 8 205 , , , 3358 8 206 and and CC 3358 8 207 cultural cultural JJ 3358 8 208 aspects aspect NNS 3358 8 209 of of IN 3358 8 210 the the DT 3358 8 211 software.7 software.7 NNP 3358 8 212 Technical technical JJ 3358 8 213 details detail NNS 3358 8 214 such such JJ 3358 8 215 as as IN 3358 8 216 different different JJ 3358 8 217 operating operating NN 3358 8 218 systems system NNS 3358 8 219 , , , 3358 8 220 fonts font NNS 3358 8 221 , , , 3358 8 222 and and CC 3358 8 223 file file NN 3358 8 224 formats format NNS 3358 8 225 must must MD 3358 8 226 be be VB 3358 8 227 accommodated accommodate VBN 3358 8 228 . . . 3358 9 1 National national JJ 3358 9 2 differences difference NNS 3358 9 3 in in IN 3358 9 4 language language NN 3358 9 5 , , , 3358 9 6 punctuation punctuation NN 3358 9 7 , , , 3358 9 8 number number NN 3358 9 9 formats format NNS 3358 9 10 , , , 3358 9 11 and and CC 3358 9 12 text text NN 3358 9 13 direction direction NN 3358 9 14 must must MD 3358 9 15 be be VB 3358 9 16 handled handle VBN 3358 9 17 properly properly RB 3358 9 18 . . . 3358 10 1 Finally finally RB 3358 10 2 , , , 3358 10 3 and and CC 3358 10 4 perhaps perhaps RB 3358 10 5 most most RBS 3358 10 6 challenging challenging JJ 3358 10 7 , , , 3358 10 8 cultural cultural JJ 3358 10 9 differ- differ- NN 3358 10 10 ences ence NNS 3358 10 11 must must MD 3358 10 12 be be VB 3358 10 13 addressed address VBN 3358 10 14 . . . 3358 11 1 Hofstede Hofstede NNP 3358 11 2 defines define VBZ 3358 11 3 culture culture NN 3358 11 4 as as IN 3358 11 5 “ " `` 3358 11 6 the the DT 3358 11 7 collective collective JJ 3358 11 8 mental mental JJ 3358 11 9 pro- pro- NN 3358 11 10 gramming gramme VBG 3358 11 11 of of IN 3358 11 12 the the DT 3358 11 13 mind mind NN 3358 11 14 which which WDT 3358 11 15 distinguishes distinguish VBZ 3358 11 16 the the DT 3358 11 17 members member NNS 3358 11 18 of of IN 3358 11 19 one one CD 3358 11 20 group group NN 3358 11 21 or or CC 3358 11 22 category category NN 3358 11 23 of of IN 3358 11 24 people people NNS 3358 11 25 from from IN 3358 11 26 another another DT 3358 11 27 . . . 3358 11 28 ”8 ”8 '' 3358 11 29 These these DT 3358 11 30 groups group NNS 3358 11 31 might may MD 3358 11 32 be be VB 3358 11 33 defined define VBN 3358 11 34 by by IN 3358 11 35 national national JJ 3358 11 36 , , , 3358 11 37 regional regional JJ 3358 11 38 , , , 3358 11 39 ethnic ethnic JJ 3358 11 40 , , , 3358 11 41 religious religious JJ 3358 11 42 , , , 3358 11 43 gender gender NN 3358 11 44 , , , 3358 11 45 generation generation NN 3358 11 46 , , , 3358 11 47 social social JJ 3358 11 48 class class NN 3358 11 49 , , , 3358 11 50 or or CC 3358 11 51 occupation occupation NN 3358 11 52 differences difference NNS 3358 11 53 . . . 3358 12 1 By by IN 3358 12 2 age age NN 3358 12 3 ten ten CD 3358 12 4 , , , 3358 12 5 most most JJS 3358 12 6 children child NNS 3358 12 7 have have VBP 3358 12 8 learned learn VBN 3358 12 9 the the DT 3358 12 10 value value NN 3358 12 11 system system NN 3358 12 12 of of IN 3358 12 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 12 14 culture culture NN 3358 12 15 , , , 3358 12 16 and and CC 3358 12 17 it -PRON- PRP 3358 12 18 is be VBZ 3358 12 19 very very RB 3358 12 20 difficult difficult JJ 3358 12 21 to to TO 3358 12 22 change change VB 3358 12 23 . . . 3358 13 1 Hofstede Hofstede NNP 3358 13 2 breaks break VBZ 3358 13 3 culture culture NN 3358 13 4 into into IN 3358 13 5 four four CD 3358 13 6 components component NNS 3358 13 7 : : : 3358 13 8 values value NNS 3358 13 9 , , , 3358 13 10 rituals ritual NNS 3358 13 11 , , , 3358 13 12 heroes hero NNS 3358 13 13 , , , 3358 13 14 and and CC 3358 13 15 symbols symbol NNS 3358 13 16 . . . 3358 14 1 These these DT 3358 14 2 components component NNS 3358 14 3 manifest manifest VBP 3358 14 4 themselves -PRON- PRP 3358 14 5 everywhere everywhere RB 3358 14 6 in in IN 3358 14 7 software software NN 3358 14 8 interfaces interface NNS 3358 14 9 , , , 3358 14 10 from from IN 3358 14 11 acceptable acceptable JJ 3358 14 12 iconic iconic JJ 3358 14 13 representations representation NNS 3358 14 14 of of IN 3358 14 15 people people NNS 3358 14 16 , , , 3358 14 17 animals animal NNS 3358 14 18 , , , 3358 14 19 and and CC 3358 14 20 religious religious JJ 3358 14 21 symbols symbol NNS 3358 14 22 to to IN 3358 14 23 suitable suitable JJ 3358 14 24 colors color NNS 3358 14 25 , , , 3358 14 26 phrases phrase NNS 3358 14 27 , , , 3358 14 28 jokes joke NNS 3358 14 29 , , , 3358 14 30 and and CC 3358 14 31 scientific scientific JJ 3358 14 32 theories.9 theories.9 NN 3358 14 33 However however RB 3358 14 34 , , , 3358 14 35 as as IN 3358 14 36 Hoft Hoft NNP 3358 14 37 notes note VBZ 3358 14 38 , , , 3358 14 39 culture culture NN 3358 14 40 is be VBZ 3358 14 41 like like IN 3358 14 42 an an DT 3358 14 43 iceberg iceberg NN 3358 14 44 : : : 3358 14 45 only only RB 3358 14 46 10 10 CD 3358 14 47 percent percent NN 3358 14 48 of of IN 3358 14 49 the the DT 3358 14 50 characteristics characteristic NNS 3358 14 51 of of IN 3358 14 52 a a DT 3358 14 53 culture culture NN 3358 14 54 are be VBP 3358 14 55 visible visible JJ 3358 14 56 on on IN 3358 14 57 the the DT 3358 14 58 surface.10 surface.10 NNP 3358 14 59 The the DT 3358 14 60 rest rest NN 3358 14 61 are be VBP 3358 14 62 subjective subjective JJ 3358 14 63 , , , 3358 14 64 unspoken unspoken JJ 3358 14 65 , , , 3358 14 66 and and CC 3358 14 67 unconscious unconscious JJ 3358 14 68 . . . 3358 15 1 It -PRON- PRP 3358 15 2 is be VBZ 3358 15 3 only only RB 3358 15 4 by by IN 3358 15 5 evaluating evaluate VBG 3358 15 6 an an DT 3358 15 7 interface interface NN 3358 15 8 with with IN 3358 15 9 users user NNS 3358 15 10 from from IN 3358 15 11 the the DT 3358 15 12 target target NN 3358 15 13 culture culture NN 3358 15 14 that that WDT 3358 15 15 designers designer NNS 3358 15 16 can can MD 3358 15 17 understand understand VB 3358 15 18 if if IN 3358 15 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 15 20 software software NN 3358 15 21 is be VBZ 3358 15 22 acceptable.11 acceptable.11 NNP 3358 15 23 Developers Developers NNP 3358 15 24 of of IN 3358 15 25 online online JJ 3358 15 26 digital digital JJ 3358 15 27 libraries library NNS 3358 15 28 have have VBP 3358 15 29 had have VBN 3358 15 30 to to TO 3358 15 31 con- con- NN 3358 15 32 tend tend VB 3358 15 33 with with IN 3358 15 34 international international JJ 3358 15 35 audiences audience NNS 3358 15 36 for for IN 3358 15 37 many many JJ 3358 15 38 years year NNS 3358 15 39 , , , 3358 15 40 and and CC 3358 15 41 the the DT 3358 15 42 MARC MARC NNP 3358 15 43 and and CC 3358 15 44 OCLC oclc NN 3358 15 45 systems system NNS 3358 15 46 have have VBP 3358 15 47 reflected reflect VBN 3358 15 48 this this DT 3358 15 49 con- con- NN 3358 15 50 cern cern NN 3358 15 51 by by IN 3358 15 52 including include VBG 3358 15 53 capabilities capability NNS 3358 15 54 for for IN 3358 15 55 transliteration transliteration NN 3358 15 56 and and CC 3358 15 57 dia- dia- NNP 3358 15 58 critical critical JJ 3358 15 59 characters character NNS 3358 15 60 ( ( -LRB- 3358 15 61 accents accent NNS 3358 15 62 ) ) -RRB- 3358 15 63 in in IN 3358 15 64 various various JJ 3358 15 65 languages.12 languages.12 NNP 3358 15 66 However however RB 3358 15 67 , , , 3358 15 68 it -PRON- PRP 3358 15 69 is be VBZ 3358 15 70 only only RB 3358 15 71 more more RBR 3358 15 72 recently recently RB 3358 15 73 , , , 3358 15 74 with with IN 3358 15 75 the the DT 3358 15 76 development development NN 3358 15 77 of of IN 3358 15 78 international international JJ 3358 15 79 character character NN 3358 15 80 - - HYPH 3358 15 81 set set VBN 3358 15 82 standards standard NNS 3358 15 83 and and CC 3358 15 84 Web web NN 3358 15 85 browsers browser NNS 3358 15 86 that that WDT 3358 15 87 recognize recognize VBP 3358 15 88 these these DT 3358 15 89 standards standard NNS 3358 15 90 , , , 3358 15 91 that that WDT 3358 15 92 truly truly RB 3358 15 93 inter- inter- VBP 3358 15 94 national national JJ 3358 15 95 digital digital JJ 3358 15 96 libraries library NNS 3358 15 97 have have VBP 3358 15 98 emerged emerge VBN 3358 15 99 . . . 3358 16 1 Greenstone greenstone NN 3358 16 2 , , , 3358 16 3 an an DT 3358 16 4 The The NNP 3358 16 5 International International NNP 3358 16 6 Children Children NNPS 3358 16 7 ’s ’s POS 3358 16 8 Digital Digital NNP 3358 16 9 Library Library NNP 3358 16 10 : : : 3358 16 11 A a DT 3358 16 12 Case Case NNP 3358 16 13 Study Study NNP 3358 16 14 in in IN 3358 16 15 Designing Designing NNP 3358 16 16 for for IN 3358 16 17 a a DT 3358 16 18 Multilingual multilingual JJ 3358 16 19 , , , 3358 16 20 Multicultural multicultural JJ 3358 16 21 , , , 3358 16 22 Multigenerational Multigenerational NNP 3358 16 23 Audience Audience NNP 3358 16 24 Hilary Hilary NNP 3358 16 25 Browne Browne NNP 3358 16 26 Hutchinson Hutchinson NNP 3358 16 27 , , , 3358 16 28 Anne Anne NNP 3358 16 29 Rose Rose NNP 3358 16 30 , , , 3358 16 31 Benjamin Benjamin NNP 3358 16 32 B. B. NNP 3358 16 33 Bederson Bederson NNP 3358 16 34 , , , 3358 16 35 Ann Ann NNP 3358 16 36 Carlson Carlson NNP 3358 16 37 Weeks Weeks NNP 3358 16 38 , , , 3358 16 39 and and CC 3358 16 40 Allison Allison NNP 3358 16 41 Druin Druin NNP 3358 16 42 Hilary Hilary NNP 3358 16 43 Browne Browne NNP 3358 16 44 Hutchinson Hutchinson NNP 3358 16 45 ( ( -LRB- 3358 16 46 hilary@cs.umd.edu hilary@cs.umd.edu NNP 3358 16 47 ) ) -RRB- 3358 16 48 is be VBZ 3358 16 49 a a DT 3358 16 50 faculty faculty NN 3358 16 51 research research NN 3358 16 52 assistant assistant NN 3358 16 53 in in IN 3358 16 54 the the DT 3358 16 55 Institute Institute NNP 3358 16 56 for for IN 3358 16 57 Advanced Advanced NNP 3358 16 58 Computer Computer NNP 3358 16 59 Studies Studies NNPS 3358 16 60 and and CC 3358 16 61 a a DT 3358 16 62 Ph.D. ph.d. NN 3358 16 63 student student NN 3358 16 64 in in IN 3358 16 65 the the DT 3358 16 66 Department Department NNP 3358 16 67 of of IN 3358 16 68 Computer Computer NNP 3358 16 69 Science Science NNP 3358 16 70 . . . 3358 17 1 Anne Anne NNP 3358 17 2 Rose Rose NNP 3358 17 3 ( ( -LRB- 3358 17 4 rose@cs.umd.edu rose@cs.umd.edu NNP 3358 17 5 ) ) -RRB- 3358 17 6 is be VBZ 3358 17 7 a a DT 3358 17 8 faculty faculty NN 3358 17 9 research research NN 3358 17 10 assistant assistant NN 3358 17 11 in in IN 3358 17 12 the the DT 3358 17 13 Institute Institute NNP 3358 17 14 for for IN 3358 17 15 Advanced Advanced NNP 3358 17 16 Computer Computer NNP 3358 17 17 Studies Studies NNPS 3358 17 18 . . . 3358 18 1 Benjamin Benjamin NNP 3358 18 2 B. B. NNP 3358 18 3 Bederson Bederson NNP 3358 18 4 ( ( -LRB- 3358 18 5 bederson@cs.umd.edu bederson@cs.umd.edu NN 3358 18 6 ) ) -RRB- 3358 18 7 is be VBZ 3358 18 8 an an DT 3358 18 9 Asso- Asso- NNP 3358 18 10 ciate ciate NN 3358 18 11 Professor Professor NNP 3358 18 12 in in IN 3358 18 13 the the DT 3358 18 14 Department Department NNP 3358 18 15 of of IN 3358 18 16 Computer Computer NNP 3358 18 17 Science Science NNP 3358 18 18 and and CC 3358 18 19 the the DT 3358 18 20 Institute Institute NNP 3358 18 21 for for IN 3358 18 22 Advanced Advanced NNP 3358 18 23 Computer Computer NNP 3358 18 24 Studies Studies NNPS 3358 18 25 and and CC 3358 18 26 Director Director NNP 3358 18 27 of of IN 3358 18 28 the the DT 3358 18 29 Human Human NNP 3358 18 30 - - HYPH 3358 18 31 Computer Computer NNP 3358 18 32 Interaction Interaction NNP 3358 18 33 Laboratory Laboratory NNP 3358 18 34 . . . 3358 19 1 Ann Ann NNP 3358 19 2 Carlson Carlson NNP 3358 19 3 Weeks Weeks NNP 3358 19 4 ( ( -LRB- 3358 19 5 acweeks@umd.edu acweeks@umd.edu NNP 3358 19 6 ) ) -RRB- 3358 19 7 is be VBZ 3358 19 8 Professor Professor NNP 3358 19 9 of of IN 3358 19 10 the the DT 3358 19 11 Practice Practice NNP 3358 19 12 in in IN 3358 19 13 the the DT 3358 19 14 College College NNP 3358 19 15 of of IN 3358 19 16 Information Information NNP 3358 19 17 Studies Studies NNPS 3358 19 18 . . . 3358 20 1 Allison Allison NNP 3358 20 2 Druin Druin NNP 3358 20 3 ( ( -LRB- 3358 20 4 allisond@umiacs.umd.edu allisond@umiacs.umd.edu NN 3358 20 5 ) ) -RRB- 3358 20 6 is be VBZ 3358 20 7 an an DT 3358 20 8 Assistant Assistant NNP 3358 20 9 Professor Professor NNP 3358 20 10 in in IN 3358 20 11 the the DT 3358 20 12 College College NNP 3358 20 13 of of IN 3358 20 14 Information Information NNP 3358 20 15 Studies Studies NNPS 3358 20 16 and and CC 3358 20 17 the the DT 3358 20 18 Institute Institute NNP 3358 20 19 for for IN 3358 20 20 Advanced Advanced NNP 3358 20 21 Computer Computer NNP 3358 20 22 Studies Studies NNPS 3358 20 23 . . . 3358 21 1 All all DT 3358 21 2 authors author NNS 3358 21 3 are be VBP 3358 21 4 affiliated affiliate VBN 3358 21 5 with with IN 3358 21 6 the the DT 3358 21 7 University University NNP 3358 21 8 of of IN 3358 21 9 Maryland Maryland NNP 3358 21 10 - - HYPH 3358 21 11 College College NNP 3358 21 12 Park Park NNP 3358 21 13 and and CC 3358 21 14 the the DT 3358 21 15 Human Human NNP 3358 21 16 - - HYPH 3358 21 17 Computer Computer NNP 3358 21 18 Interaction Interaction NNP 3358 21 19 Laboratory Laboratory NNP 3358 21 20 . . . 3358 22 1 open open JJ 3358 22 2 - - HYPH 3358 22 3 source source NN 3358 22 4 software software NN 3358 22 5 project project NN 3358 22 6 based base VBN 3358 22 7 in in IN 3358 22 8 New New NNP 3358 22 9 Zealand Zealand NNP 3358 22 10 , , , 3358 22 11 allows allow VBZ 3358 22 12 people people NNS 3358 22 13 to to TO 3358 22 14 create create VB 3358 22 15 online online JJ 3358 22 16 digital digital JJ 3358 22 17 libraries library NNS 3358 22 18 in in IN 3358 22 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 22 20 native native JJ 3358 22 21 language language NN 3358 22 22 and and CC 3358 22 23 culture.13 culture.13 NNP 3358 22 24 OCLC OCLC NNP 3358 22 25 recently recently RB 3358 22 26 completed complete VBD 3358 22 27 a a DT 3358 22 28 redesign redesign NN 3358 22 29 of of IN 3358 22 30 FirstSearch FirstSearch NNP 3358 22 31 , , , 3358 22 32 a a DT 3358 22 33 Web web NN 3358 22 34 - - HYPH 3358 22 35 based base VBN 3358 22 36 bibliographic bibliographic JJ 3358 22 37 and and CC 3358 22 38 full full JJ 3358 22 39 - - HYPH 3358 22 40 text text NN 3358 22 41 retrieval retrieval NN 3358 22 42 service service NN 3358 22 43 , , , 3358 22 44 to to TO 3358 22 45 accommodate accommodate VB 3358 22 46 users user NNS 3358 22 47 with with IN 3358 22 48 dif- dif- DT 3358 22 49 ferent ferent JJ 3358 22 50 software software NN 3358 22 51 , , , 3358 22 52 languages language NNS 3358 22 53 , , , 3358 22 54 and and CC 3358 22 55 disabilities.14 disabilities.14 NNP 3358 22 56 Researchers Researchers NNP 3358 22 57 at at IN 3358 22 58 Virginia Virginia NNP 3358 22 59 Tech Tech NNP 3358 22 60 redesigned redesign VBD 3358 22 61 CITIDEL CITIDEL NNP 3358 22 62 , , , 3358 22 63 an an DT 3358 22 64 online online JJ 3358 22 65 collec- collec- XX 3358 22 66 tion tion NN 3358 22 67 of of IN 3358 22 68 computer computer NN 3358 22 69 - - HYPH 3358 22 70 science science NN 3358 22 71 technical technical JJ 3358 22 72 reports report NNS 3358 22 73 , , , 3358 22 74 to to TO 3358 22 75 create create VB 3358 22 76 an an DT 3358 22 77 online online JJ 3358 22 78 community community NN 3358 22 79 that that WDT 3358 22 80 allows allow VBZ 3358 22 81 users user NNS 3358 22 82 to to TO 3358 22 83 translate translate VB 3358 22 84 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 22 85 interface interface NN 3358 22 86 into into IN 3358 22 87 different different JJ 3358 22 88 languages.15 languages.15 NNP 3358 22 89 Researchers researcher NNS 3358 22 90 have have VBP 3358 22 91 also also RB 3358 22 92 realized realize VBN 3358 22 93 that that IN 3358 22 94 beyond beyond IN 3358 22 95 accessibil- accessibil- JJ 3358 22 96 ity ity NN 3358 22 97 , , , 3358 22 98 digital digital JJ 3358 22 99 libraries library NNS 3358 22 100 have have VBP 3358 22 101 enormous enormous JJ 3358 22 102 potential potential NN 3358 22 103 for for IN 3358 22 104 empowerment empowerment NN 3358 22 105 and and CC 3358 22 106 building building NN 3358 22 107 community community NN 3358 22 108 , , , 3358 22 109 especially especially RB 3358 22 110 in in IN 3358 22 111 developing develop VBG 3358 22 112 countries country NNS 3358 22 113 . . . 3358 23 1 Witten Witten NNP 3358 23 2 et et FW 3358 23 3 al al NNP 3358 23 4 . . . 3358 24 1 and and CC 3358 24 2 Downie Downie NNP 3358 24 3 describe describe VBP 3358 24 4 the the DT 3358 24 5 importance importance NN 3358 24 6 of of IN 3358 24 7 community community NN 3358 24 8 involvement involvement NN 3358 24 9 when when WRB 3358 24 10 creating create VBG 3358 24 11 a a DT 3358 24 12 digital digital JJ 3358 24 13 library library NN 3358 24 14 for for IN 3358 24 15 a a DT 3358 24 16 particular particular JJ 3358 24 17 culture culture NN 3358 24 18 , , , 3358 24 19 both both CC 3358 24 20 to to TO 3358 24 21 empower empower VB 3358 24 22 users user NNS 3358 24 23 and and CC 3358 24 24 to to TO 3358 24 25 make make VB 3358 24 26 sure sure JJ 3358 24 27 the the DT 3358 24 28 culture culture NN 3358 24 29 is be VBZ 3358 24 30 accurately accurately RB 3358 24 31 reflected.16 reflected.16 NNP 3358 24 32 Even even RB 3358 24 33 more more RBR 3358 24 34 than than IN 3358 24 35 accurately accurately RB 3358 24 36 reflecting reflect VBG 3358 24 37 a a DT 3358 24 38 culture culture NN 3358 24 39 , , , 3358 24 40 a a DT 3358 24 41 digital digital JJ 3358 24 42 library library NN 3358 24 43 also also RB 3358 24 44 needs need VBZ 3358 24 45 to to TO 3358 24 46 be be VB 3358 24 47 understood understand VBN 3358 24 48 by by IN 3358 24 49 the the DT 3358 24 50 culture culture NN 3358 24 51 . . . 3358 25 1 Duncker duncker NN 3358 25 2 notes note VBZ 3358 25 3 that that IN 3358 25 4 a a DT 3358 25 5 digital digital JJ 3358 25 6 - - HYPH 3358 25 7 library library NN 3358 25 8 interface interface NN 3358 25 9 metaphor metaphor NN 3358 25 10 based base VBN 3358 25 11 on on IN 3358 25 12 a a DT 3358 25 13 traditional traditional JJ 3358 25 14 physical physical JJ 3358 25 15 library library NN 3358 25 16 was be VBD 3358 25 17 incomprehen- incomprehen- RB 3358 25 18 sible sible JJ 3358 25 19 to to IN 3358 25 20 the the DT 3358 25 21 Maori Maori NNP 3358 25 22 culture culture NN 3358 25 23 in in IN 3358 25 24 New New NNP 3358 25 25 Zealand Zealand NNP 3358 25 26 , , , 3358 25 27 who who WP 3358 25 28 are be VBP 3358 25 29 not not RB 3358 25 30 familiar familiar JJ 3358 25 31 with with IN 3358 25 32 the the DT 3358 25 33 conventions convention NNS 3358 25 34 of of IN 3358 25 35 Western Western NNP 3358 25 36 libraries.17 libraries.17 NNP 3358 25 37 In in IN 3358 25 38 addition addition NN 3358 25 39 to to IN 3358 25 40 international international JJ 3358 25 41 libraries library NNS 3358 25 42 , , , 3358 25 43 a a DT 3358 25 44 number number NN 3358 25 45 of of IN 3358 25 46 researchers researcher NNS 3358 25 47 have have VBP 3358 25 48 focused focus VBN 3358 25 49 on on IN 3358 25 50 creating create VBG 3358 25 51 digital digital JJ 3358 25 52 libraries library NNS 3358 25 53 for for IN 3358 25 54 children child NNS 3358 25 55 . . . 3358 26 1 Recognizing recognize VBG 3358 26 2 that that IN 3358 26 3 children child NNS 3358 26 4 have have VBP 3358 26 5 difficulty difficulty NN 3358 26 6 with with IN 3358 26 7 spelling spelling NN 3358 26 8 , , , 3358 26 9 reading reading NN 3358 26 10 , , , 3358 26 11 and and CC 3358 26 12 typing typing NN 3358 26 13 , , , 3358 26 14 as as RB 3358 26 15 well well RB 3358 26 16 as as IN 3358 26 17 traditional traditional JJ 3358 26 18 cate- cate- NN 3358 26 19 gorization gorization NN 3358 26 20 methods method NNS 3358 26 21 such such JJ 3358 26 22 as as IN 3358 26 23 the the DT 3358 26 24 Dewey Dewey NNP 3358 26 25 Decimal Decimal NNP 3358 26 26 System System NNP 3358 26 27 , , , 3358 26 28 a a DT 3358 26 29 number number NN 3358 26 30 of of IN 3358 26 31 researchers researcher NNS 3358 26 32 have have VBP 3358 26 33 created create VBN 3358 26 34 more more JJR 3358 26 35 child child NN 3358 26 36 - - HYPH 3358 26 37 friendly friendly JJ 3358 26 38 digital digital JJ 3358 26 39 libraries.18 libraries.18 NNP 3358 26 40 Pejtersen Pejtersen NNP 3358 26 41 created create VBD 3358 26 42 the the DT 3358 26 43 BookHouse BookHouse NNP 3358 26 44 inter- inter- NN 3358 26 45 face face NN 3358 26 46 with with IN 3358 26 47 a a DT 3358 26 48 metaphor metaphor NN 3358 26 49 of of IN 3358 26 50 rooms room NNS 3358 26 51 in in IN 3358 26 52 a a DT 3358 26 53 house house NN 3358 26 54 to to TO 3358 26 55 support support VB 3358 26 56 dif- dif- RP 3358 26 57 ferent ferent JJ 3358 26 58 types type NNS 3358 26 59 of of IN 3358 26 60 searching.19 searching.19 NNP 3358 26 61 Külper Külper NNP 3358 26 62 et et NNP 3358 26 63 al al NNP 3358 26 64 . . . 3358 27 1 designed design VBN 3358 27 2 the the DT 3358 27 3 Bücherschatz Bücherschatz NNP 3358 27 4 interface interface NN 3358 27 5 for for IN 3358 27 6 children child NNS 3358 27 7 who who WP 3358 27 8 are be VBP 3358 27 9 eight eight CD 3358 27 10 to to TO 3358 27 11 ten ten CD 3358 27 12 years year NNS 3358 27 13 old old JJ 3358 27 14 using use VBG 3358 27 15 a a DT 3358 27 16 treasure treasure NN 3358 27 17 - - HYPH 3358 27 18 hunt hunt NN 3358 27 19 metaphor.20 metaphor.20 NNP 3358 27 20 Druin Druin NNP 3358 27 21 et et NNP 3358 27 22 al al NNP 3358 27 23 . . . 3358 28 1 designed design VBN 3358 28 2 the the DT 3358 28 3 QueryKids QueryKids NNP 3358 28 4 interface interface NN 3358 28 5 for for IN 3358 28 6 young young JJ 3358 28 7 children child NNS 3358 28 8 to to TO 3358 28 9 find find VB 3358 28 10 information information NN 3358 28 11 about about IN 3358 28 12 animals.21 animals.21 NNP 3358 28 13 Theng Theng NNP 3358 28 14 et et FW 3358 28 15 al al NNP 3358 28 16 . . . 3358 29 1 used use VBD 3358 29 2 the the DT 3358 29 3 Greenstone Greenstone NNP 3358 29 4 software software NN 3358 29 5 to to TO 3358 29 6 create create VB 3358 29 7 an an DT 3358 29 8 environment environment NN 3358 29 9 for for IN 3358 29 10 older old JJR 3358 29 11 children child NNS 3358 29 12 to to TO 3358 29 13 write write VB 3358 29 14 and and CC 3358 29 15 share share VB 3358 29 16 stories.22 stories.22 NNP 3358 29 17 The the DT 3358 29 18 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 29 19 project project NN 3358 29 20 seeks seek VBZ 3358 29 21 to to TO 3358 29 22 build build VB 3358 29 23 on on IN 3358 29 24 and and CC 3358 29 25 combine combine VB 3358 29 26 research research NN 3358 29 27 in in IN 3358 29 28 both both CC 3358 29 29 international international JJ 3358 29 30 and and CC 3358 29 31 children child NNS 3358 29 32 ’s ’s POS 3358 29 33 digital digital JJ 3358 29 34 libraries library NNS 3358 29 35 . . . 3358 30 1 As as IN 3358 30 2 a a DT 3358 30 3 result result NN 3358 30 4 , , , 3358 30 5 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 30 6 is be VBZ 3358 30 7 more more RBR 3358 30 8 ambitious ambitious JJ 3358 30 9 than than IN 3358 30 10 other other JJ 3358 30 11 digital digital JJ 3358 30 12 library library NN 3358 30 13 projects project NNS 3358 30 14 in in IN 3358 30 15 a a DT 3358 30 16 number number NN 3358 30 17 of of IN 3358 30 18 respects respect NNS 3358 30 19 . . . 3358 31 1 First first RB 3358 31 2 , , , 3358 31 3 it -PRON- PRP 3358 31 4 is be VBZ 3358 31 5 designed design VBN 3358 31 6 for for IN 3358 31 7 a a DT 3358 31 8 broader broad JJR 3358 31 9 audience audience NN 3358 31 10 . . . 3358 32 1 While while IN 3358 32 2 the the DT 3358 32 3 digital digital JJ 3358 32 4 libraries library NNS 3358 32 5 already already RB 3358 32 6 described describe VBD 3358 32 7 target target NN 3358 32 8 one one CD 3358 32 9 or or CC 3358 32 10 a a DT 3358 32 11 few few JJ 3358 32 12 cultures culture NNS 3358 32 13 or or CC 3358 32 14 languages language NNS 3358 32 15 , , , 3358 32 16 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 32 17 ’s ’s POS 3358 32 18 audience audience NN 3358 32 19 includes include VBZ 3358 32 20 potentially potentially RB 3358 32 21 every every DT 3358 32 22 culture culture NN 3358 32 23 and and CC 3358 32 24 language language NN 3358 32 25 in in IN 3358 32 26 the the DT 3358 32 27 world world NN 3358 32 28 . . . 3358 33 1 Second second JJ 3358 33 2 , , , 3358 33 3 the the DT 3358 33 4 content content NN 3358 33 5 is be VBZ 3358 33 6 not not RB 3358 33 7 localized localize VBN 3358 33 8 . . . 3358 34 1 Part part NN 3358 34 2 of of IN 3358 34 3 the the DT 3358 34 4 library library NN 3358 34 5 ’s ’s POS 3358 34 6 goal goal NN 3358 34 7 is be VBZ 3358 34 8 to to TO 3358 34 9 expose expose VB 3358 34 10 users user NNS 3358 34 11 to to IN 3358 34 12 books book NNS 3358 34 13 from from IN 3358 34 14 different different JJ 3358 34 15 cultures culture NNS 3358 34 16 , , , 3358 34 17 so so IN 3358 34 18 it -PRON- PRP 3358 34 19 would would MD 3358 34 20 be be VB 3358 34 21 counterpro- counterpro- JJ 3358 34 22 ductive ductive JJ 3358 34 23 to to IN 3358 34 24 present present JJ 3358 34 25 books book NNS 3358 34 26 only only RB 3358 34 27 in in IN 3358 34 28 a a DT 3358 34 29 user user NN 3358 34 30 ’s ’s POS 3358 34 31 native native JJ 3358 34 32 language language NN 3358 34 33 . . . 3358 35 1 As as IN 3358 35 2 a a DT 3358 35 3 result result NN 3358 35 4 , , , 3358 35 5 the the DT 3358 35 6 interface interface NN 3358 35 7 not not RB 3358 35 8 only only RB 3358 35 9 supports support VBZ 3358 35 10 multiple multiple JJ 3358 35 11 lan- lan- NN 3358 35 12 guages guage NNS 3358 35 13 and and CC 3358 35 14 cultures culture NNS 3358 35 15 , , , 3358 35 16 but but CC 3358 35 17 it -PRON- PRP 3358 35 18 also also RB 3358 35 19 supports support VBZ 3358 35 20 them -PRON- PRP 3358 35 21 simultane- simultane- VBD 3358 35 22 ously ously RB 3358 35 23 , , , 3358 35 24 frequently frequently RB 3358 35 25 on on IN 3358 35 26 the the DT 3358 35 27 same same JJ 3358 35 28 screen screen NN 3358 35 29 . . . 3358 36 1 Third third JJ 3358 36 2 , , , 3358 36 3 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 36 4 ’s ’s POS 3358 36 5 audience audience NN 3358 36 6 not not RB 3358 36 7 only only RB 3358 36 8 includes include VBZ 3358 36 9 a a DT 3358 36 10 broad broad JJ 3358 36 11 group group NN 3358 36 12 of of IN 3358 36 13 adults adult NNS 3358 36 14 from from IN 3358 36 15 around around IN 3358 36 16 the the DT 3358 36 17 world world NN 3358 36 18 , , , 3358 36 19 but but CC 3358 36 20 also also RB 3358 36 21 children child NNS 3358 36 22 from from IN 3358 36 23 three three CD 3358 36 24 to to TO 3358 36 25 thirteen thirteen CD 3358 36 26 years year NNS 3358 36 27 of of IN 3358 36 28 age age NN 3358 36 29 . . . 3358 37 1 To to TO 3358 37 2 address address VB 3358 37 3 these these DT 3358 37 4 challenges challenge NNS 3358 37 5 , , , 3358 37 6 a a DT 3358 37 7 multidisciplinary multidisciplinary NN 3358 37 8 , , , 3358 37 9 mul- mul- NNP 3358 37 10 tilingual tilingual NNP 3358 37 11 , , , 3358 37 12 multicultural multicultural JJ 3358 37 13 , , , 3358 37 14 and and CC 3358 37 15 multigenerational multigenerational JJ 3358 37 16 team team NN 3358 37 17 was be VBD 3358 37 18 created create VBN 3358 37 19 , , , 3358 37 20 and and CC 3358 37 21 the the DT 3358 37 22 development development NN 3358 37 23 was be VBD 3358 37 24 divided divide VBN 3358 37 25 into into IN 3358 37 26 several several JJ 3358 37 27 stages stage NNS 3358 37 28 . . . 3358 38 1 In in IN 3358 38 2 the the DT 3358 38 3 first first JJ 3358 38 4 stage stage NN 3358 38 5 , , , 3358 38 6 completed complete VBN 3358 38 7 in in IN 3358 38 8 November November NNP 3358 38 9 2002 2002 CD 3358 38 10 , , , 3358 38 11 a a DT 3358 38 12 Java Java NNP 3358 38 13 - - HYPH 3358 38 14 based base VBN 3358 38 15 , , , 3358 38 16 English English NNP 3358 38 17 - - HYPH 3358 38 18 only only RB 3358 38 19 version version NN 3358 38 20 of of IN 3358 38 21 the the DT 3358 38 22 library library NN 3358 38 23 was be VBD 3358 38 24 cre- cre- RB 3358 38 25 ated ate VBN 3358 38 26 that that WDT 3358 38 27 addressed address VBD 3358 38 28 the the DT 3358 38 29 searching search VBG 3358 38 30 and and CC 3358 38 31 reading reading NN 3358 38 32 needs need NNS 3358 38 33 of of IN 3358 38 34 children child NNS 3358 38 35 . . . 3358 39 1 In in IN 3358 39 2 the the DT 3358 39 3 second second JJ 3358 39 4 stage stage NN 3358 39 5 , , , 3358 39 6 completed complete VBN 3358 39 7 in in IN 3358 39 8 May May NNP 3358 39 9 2003 2003 CD 3358 39 10 , , , 3358 39 11 an an DT 3358 39 12 HTML html NN 3358 39 13 version version NN 3358 39 14 of of IN 3358 39 15 the the DT 3358 39 16 software software NN 3358 39 17 was be VBD 3358 39 18 developed develop VBN 3358 39 19 that that WDT 3358 39 20 addressed address VBD 3358 39 21 the the DT 3358 39 22 needs need NNS 3358 39 23 of of IN 3358 39 24 users user NNS 3358 39 25 with with IN 3358 39 26 minimal minimal JJ 3358 39 27 technology technology NN 3358 39 28 . . . 3358 40 1 In in IN 3358 40 2 the the DT 3358 40 3 third third JJ 3358 40 4 stage stage NN 3358 40 5 , , , 3358 40 6 completed complete VBN 3358 40 7 in in IN 3358 40 8 May May NNP 3358 40 9 2004 2004 CD 3358 40 10 , , , 3358 40 11 the the DT 3358 40 12 metadata metadata NN 3358 40 13 for for IN 3358 40 14 the the DT 3358 40 15 books book NNS 3358 40 16 in in IN 3358 40 17 the the DT 3358 40 18 library library NN 3358 40 19 were be VBD 3358 40 20 translated translate VBN 3358 40 21 into into IN 3358 40 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 40 23 native native JJ 3358 40 24 languages language NNS 3358 40 25 , , , 3358 40 26 allowing allow VBG 3358 40 27 users user NNS 3358 40 28 to to TO 3358 40 29 view view VB 3358 40 30 these these DT 3358 40 31 metadata metadata NN 3358 40 32 in in IN 3358 40 33 the the DT 3358 40 34 language language NN 3358 40 35 of of IN 3358 40 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 40 37 choice choice NN 3358 40 38 . . . 3358 41 1 The the DT 3358 41 2 final final JJ 3358 41 3 stage stage NN 3358 41 4 , , , 3358 41 5 currently currently RB 3358 41 6 in in IN 3358 41 7 progress progress NN 3358 41 8 , , , 3358 41 9 involves involve VBZ 3358 41 10 translating translate VBG 3358 41 11 the the DT 3358 41 12 interface interface NN 3358 41 13 to to IN 3358 41 14 different different JJ 3358 41 15 languages language NNS 3358 41 16 and and CC 3358 41 17 adjusting adjust VBG 3358 41 18 some some DT 3358 41 19 of of IN 3358 41 20 the the DT 3358 41 21 visual visual JJ 3358 41 22 design design NN 3358 41 23 of of IN 3358 41 24 the the DT 3358 41 25 interface interface NN 3358 41 26 according accord VBG 3358 41 27 to to IN 3358 41 28 the the DT 3358 41 29 cultural cultural JJ 3358 41 30 norms norm NNS 3358 41 31 of of IN 3358 41 32 the the DT 3358 41 33 associated associated JJ 3358 41 34 language language NN 3358 41 35 being be VBG 3358 41 36 presented present VBN 3358 41 37 . . . 3358 42 1 In in IN 3358 42 2 this this DT 3358 42 3 paper paper NN 3358 42 4 , , , 3358 42 5 the the DT 3358 42 6 research research NN 3358 42 7 is be VBZ 3358 42 8 presented present VBN 3358 42 9 as as IN 3358 42 10 a a DT 3358 42 11 case case NN 3358 42 12 study study NN 3358 42 13 , , , 3358 42 14 describing describe VBG 3358 42 15 the the DT 3358 42 16 solutions solution NNS 3358 42 17 imple- imple- NNP 3358 42 18 mented mente VBN 3358 42 19 to to TO 3358 42 20 address address VB 3358 42 21 some some DT 3358 42 22 of of IN 3358 42 23 these these DT 3358 42 24 challenges challenge NNS 3358 42 25 and and CC 3358 42 26 plans plan NNS 3358 42 27 for for IN 3358 42 28 addressing address VBG 3358 42 29 ongoing ongoing JJ 3358 42 30 ones one NNS 3358 42 31 . . . 3358 43 1 ■ ■ NFP 3358 43 2 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 43 3 Project project NN 3358 43 4 Description description NN 3358 43 5 The the DT 3358 43 6 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 43 7 project project NN 3358 43 8 was be VBD 3358 43 9 initiated initiate VBN 3358 43 10 in in IN 3358 43 11 2002 2002 CD 3358 43 12 by by IN 3358 43 13 the the DT 3358 43 14 University University NNP 3358 43 15 of of IN 3358 43 16 Maryland Maryland NNP 3358 43 17 and and CC 3358 43 18 the the DT 3358 43 19 Internet Internet NNP 3358 43 20 Archive Archive NNP 3358 43 21 with with IN 3358 43 22 funding funding NN 3358 43 23 from from IN 3358 43 24 the the DT 3358 43 25 National National NNP 3358 43 26 Science Science NNP 3358 43 27 Foundation Foundation NNP 3358 43 28 ( ( -LRB- 3358 43 29 NSF NSF NNP 3358 43 30 ) ) -RRB- 3358 43 31 and and CC 3358 43 32 the the DT 3358 43 33 Institute Institute NNP 3358 43 34 for for IN 3358 43 35 Museum Museum NNP 3358 43 36 and and CC 3358 43 37 Library Library NNP 3358 43 38 Services Services NNPS 3358 43 39 ( ( -LRB- 3358 43 40 IMLS IMLS NNP 3358 43 41 ) ) -RRB- 3358 43 42 . . . 3358 44 1 Today today NN 3358 44 2 , , , 3358 44 3 the the DT 3358 44 4 proj- proj- NN 3358 44 5 ects ect NNS 3358 44 6 continues continue VBZ 3358 44 7 at at IN 3358 44 8 the the DT 3358 44 9 University University NNP 3358 44 10 of of IN 3358 44 11 Maryland Maryland NNP 3358 44 12 . . . 3358 45 1 The the DT 3358 45 2 goals goal NNS 3358 45 3 of of IN 3358 45 4 the the DT 3358 45 5 project project NN 3358 45 6 include include VBP 3358 45 7 : : : 3358 45 8 ■ ■ XX 3358 45 9 creating create VBG 3358 45 10 a a DT 3358 45 11 collection collection NN 3358 45 12 of of IN 3358 45 13 ten ten CD 3358 45 14 thousand thousand CD 3358 45 15 children child NNS 3358 45 16 ’s ’s POS 3358 45 17 books book NNS 3358 45 18 in in IN 3358 45 19 one one CD 3358 45 20 hundred hundred CD 3358 45 21 languages language NNS 3358 45 22 ; ; : 3358 45 23 ■ ■ NFP 3358 45 24 collaborating collaborate VBG 3358 45 25 with with IN 3358 45 26 children child NNS 3358 45 27 as as IN 3358 45 28 design design NN 3358 45 29 partners partner NNS 3358 45 30 to to TO 3358 45 31 develop develop VB 3358 45 32 new new JJ 3358 45 33 interfaces interface NNS 3358 45 34 for for IN 3358 45 35 searching search VBG 3358 45 36 , , , 3358 45 37 browsing browsing NN 3358 45 38 , , , 3358 45 39 reading reading NN 3358 45 40 , , , 3358 45 41 and and CC 3358 45 42 sharing share VBG 3358 45 43 books book NNS 3358 45 44 in in IN 3358 45 45 the the DT 3358 45 46 library library NN 3358 45 47 ; ; : 3358 45 48 and and CC 3358 45 49 ■ ■ XX 3358 45 50 evaluating evaluate VBG 3358 45 51 the the DT 3358 45 52 impact impact NN 3358 45 53 of of IN 3358 45 54 access access NN 3358 45 55 to to IN 3358 45 56 multicultural multicultural JJ 3358 45 57 materials material NNS 3358 45 58 on on IN 3358 45 59 children child NNS 3358 45 60 , , , 3358 45 61 schools school NNS 3358 45 62 , , , 3358 45 63 and and CC 3358 45 64 libraries library NNS 3358 45 65 . . . 3358 46 1 The the DT 3358 46 2 project project NN 3358 46 3 has have VBZ 3358 46 4 two two CD 3358 46 5 main main JJ 3358 46 6 audiences audience NNS 3358 46 7 : : : 3358 46 8 children child NNS 3358 46 9 three three CD 3358 46 10 to to TO 3358 46 11 thirteen thirteen CD 3358 46 12 years year NNS 3358 46 13 of of IN 3358 46 14 age age NN 3358 46 15 and and CC 3358 46 16 the the DT 3358 46 17 adults adult NNS 3358 46 18 who who WP 3358 46 19 work work VBP 3358 46 20 with with IN 3358 46 21 them -PRON- PRP 3358 46 22 , , , 3358 46 23 as as RB 3358 46 24 well well RB 3358 46 25 as as IN 3358 46 26 international international JJ 3358 46 27 scholars scholar NNS 3358 46 28 who who WP 3358 46 29 study study VBP 3358 46 30 chil- chil- NN 3358 46 31 dren dren NNP 3358 46 32 ’s ’s POS 3358 46 33 literature literature NN 3358 46 34 . . . 3358 47 1 The the DT 3358 47 2 project project NN 3358 47 3 draws draw VBZ 3358 47 4 together together RB 3358 47 5 a a DT 3358 47 6 multidis- multidis- NNP 3358 47 7 ciplinary ciplinary NNP 3358 47 8 team team NN 3358 47 9 of of IN 3358 47 10 researchers researcher NNS 3358 47 11 from from IN 3358 47 12 computer computer NN 3358 47 13 science science NN 3358 47 14 , , , 3358 47 15 library library NN 3358 47 16 science science NN 3358 47 17 , , , 3358 47 18 education education NN 3358 47 19 , , , 3358 47 20 and and CC 3358 47 21 art art NN 3358 47 22 backgrounds background NNS 3358 47 23 . . . 3358 48 1 The the DT 3358 48 2 research research NN 3358 48 3 team team NN 3358 48 4 is be VBZ 3358 48 5 also also RB 3358 48 6 multigenerational multigenerational JJ 3358 48 7 — — : 3358 48 8 team team NN 3358 48 9 members member NNS 3358 48 10 include include VBP 3358 48 11 children child NNS 3358 48 12 seven seven CD 3358 48 13 to to TO 3358 48 14 eleven eleven CD 3358 48 15 years year NNS 3358 48 16 of of IN 3358 48 17 age age NN 3358 48 18 , , , 3358 48 19 who who WP 3358 48 20 work work VBP 3358 48 21 with with IN 3358 48 22 the the DT 3358 48 23 adult adult NN 3358 48 24 members member NNS 3358 48 25 of of IN 3358 48 26 the the DT 3358 48 27 team team NN 3358 48 28 twice twice RB 3358 48 29 a a DT 3358 48 30 week week NN 3358 48 31 during during IN 3358 48 32 the the DT 3358 48 33 school school NN 3358 48 34 year year NN 3358 48 35 and and CC 3358 48 36 for for IN 3358 48 37 two two CD 3358 48 38 weeks week NNS 3358 48 39 during during IN 3358 48 40 the the DT 3358 48 41 summer summer NN 3358 48 42 to to TO 3358 48 43 help help VB 3358 48 44 design design VB 3358 48 45 and and CC 3358 48 46 evaluate evaluate VB 3358 48 47 software software NN 3358 48 48 . . . 3358 49 1 Using use VBG 3358 49 2 the the DT 3358 49 3 methods method NNS 3358 49 4 of of IN 3358 49 5 cooperative cooperative JJ 3358 49 6 inquiry inquiry NN 3358 49 7 , , , 3358 49 8 including include VBG 3358 49 9 brainstorming brainstorming NN 3358 49 10 , , , 3358 49 11 low- low- NN 3358 49 12 tech tech NN 3358 49 13 prototyping prototyping NN 3358 49 14 , , , 3358 49 15 and and CC 3358 49 16 observational observational JJ 3358 49 17 note note NN 3358 49 18 taking take VBG 3358 49 19 , , , 3358 49 20 the the DT 3358 49 21 team team NN 3358 49 22 has have VBZ 3358 49 23 researched research VBN 3358 49 24 , , , 3358 49 25 designed design VBN 3358 49 26 , , , 3358 49 27 and and CC 3358 49 28 built build VBD 3358 49 29 the the DT 3358 49 30 library library NN 3358 49 31 ’s ’s POS 3358 49 32 category category NN 3358 49 33 structure structure NN 3358 49 34 , , , 3358 49 35 collection collection NN 3358 49 36 goals goal NNS 3358 49 37 , , , 3358 49 38 and and CC 3358 49 39 searching search VBG 3358 49 40 and and CC 3358 49 41 reading read VBG 3358 49 42 interfaces.23 interfaces.23 NNP 3358 49 43 THE the DT 3358 49 44 INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL NNP 3358 49 45 CHILDREN child NNS 3358 49 46 ’S ’s POS 3358 49 47 DIGITAL DIGITAL NNP 3358 49 48 LIBRARY LIBRARY NNP 3358 49 49 | | NNP 3358 49 50 HUTCHINSON HUTCHINSON NNP 3358 49 51 , , , 3358 49 52 ROSE ROSE NNP 3358 49 53 , , , 3358 49 54 BEDERSON BEDERSON NNP 3358 49 55 , , , 3358 49 56 WEEKS weeks NN 3358 49 57 , , , 3358 49 58 AND and CC 3358 49 59 DRUIN DRUIN NNP 3358 49 60 5 5 CD 3358 49 61 6 6 CD 3358 49 62 INFORMATION information NN 3358 49 63 TECHNOLOGY technology NN 3358 49 64 AND and CC 3358 49 65 LIBRARIES library NNS 3358 49 66 | | NNP 3358 49 67 MARCH MARCH NNP 3358 49 68 2005 2005 CD 3358 49 69 The the DT 3358 49 70 research research NN 3358 49 71 team team NN 3358 49 72 is be VBZ 3358 49 73 also also RB 3358 49 74 multilingual multilingual JJ 3358 49 75 and and CC 3358 49 76 multicul- multicul- JJ 3358 49 77 tural tural JJ 3358 49 78 . . . 3358 50 1 Adult adult NN 3358 50 2 team team NN 3358 50 3 members member NNS 3358 50 4 are be VBP 3358 50 5 native native JJ 3358 50 6 or or CC 3358 50 7 fluent fluent JJ 3358 50 8 speakers speaker NNS 3358 50 9 of of IN 3358 50 10 a a DT 3358 50 11 number number NN 3358 50 12 of of IN 3358 50 13 languages language NNS 3358 50 14 besides besides IN 3358 50 15 English English NNP 3358 50 16 , , , 3358 50 17 and and CC 3358 50 18 are be VBP 3358 50 19 working work VBG 3358 50 20 with with IN 3358 50 21 school school NN 3358 50 22 children child NNS 3358 50 23 and and CC 3358 50 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 50 25 teachers teacher NNS 3358 50 26 and and CC 3358 50 27 librarians librarian NNS 3358 50 28 in in IN 3358 50 29 the the DT 3358 50 30 United United NNP 3358 50 31 States States NNP 3358 50 32 , , , 3358 50 33 New New NNP 3358 50 34 Zealand Zealand NNP 3358 50 35 , , , 3358 50 36 Honduras Honduras NNP 3358 50 37 , , , 3358 50 38 and and CC 3358 50 39 Germany Germany NNP 3358 50 40 to to TO 3358 50 41 study study VB 3358 50 42 how how WRB 3358 50 43 different different JJ 3358 50 44 cultures culture NNS 3358 50 45 use use VBP 3358 50 46 both both CC 3358 50 47 physical physical JJ 3358 50 48 and and CC 3358 50 49 dig- dig- JJ 3358 50 50 ital ital JJ 3358 50 51 libraries library NNS 3358 50 52 . . . 3358 51 1 The the DT 3358 51 2 team team NN 3358 51 3 is be VBZ 3358 51 4 also also RB 3358 51 5 working work VBG 3358 51 6 with with IN 3358 51 7 children child NNS 3358 51 8 and and CC 3358 51 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 51 10 teachers teacher NNS 3358 51 11 in in IN 3358 51 12 the the DT 3358 51 13 United United NNP 3358 51 14 States States NNP 3358 51 15 , , , 3358 51 16 Hungary Hungary NNP 3358 51 17 , , , 3358 51 18 and and CC 3358 51 19 Argentina Argentina NNP 3358 51 20 to to TO 3358 51 21 understand understand VB 3358 51 22 how how WRB 3358 51 23 children child NNS 3358 51 24 who who WP 3358 51 25 speak speak VBP 3358 51 26 differ- differ- JJ 3358 51 27 ent ent NN 3358 51 28 languages language NNS 3358 51 29 can can MD 3358 51 30 communicate communicate VB 3358 51 31 and and CC 3358 51 32 learn learn VB 3358 51 33 about about IN 3358 51 34 each each DT 3358 51 35 other other JJ 3358 51 36 ’s ’s POS 3358 51 37 cultures culture NNS 3358 51 38 through through IN 3358 51 39 sharing sharing NN 3358 51 40 books book NNS 3358 51 41 . . . 3358 52 1 Finally finally RB 3358 52 2 , , , 3358 52 3 an an DT 3358 52 4 advi- advi- XX 3358 52 5 sory sory NNP 3358 52 6 board board NNP 3358 52 7 of of IN 3358 52 8 librarians librarians NNPS 3358 52 9 from from IN 3358 52 10 around around IN 3358 52 11 the the DT 3358 52 12 world world NN 3358 52 13 advises advise VBZ 3358 52 14 the the DT 3358 52 15 team team NN 3358 52 16 on on IN 3358 52 17 curatorial curatorial JJ 3358 52 18 and and CC 3358 52 19 cultural cultural JJ 3358 52 20 issues issue NNS 3358 52 21 , , , 3358 52 22 and and CC 3358 52 23 numerous numerous JJ 3358 52 24 volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 52 25 translate translate VBP 3358 52 26 book book NN 3358 52 27 and and CC 3358 52 28 Web web NN 3358 52 29 - - HYPH 3358 52 30 site site NN 3358 52 31 information information NN 3358 52 32 . . . 3358 53 1 ■ ■ NFP 3358 53 2 ICDL icdl JJ 3358 53 3 Interface Interface NNP 3358 53 4 Description description NN 3358 53 5 ICDL ICDL NNPS 3358 53 6 has have VBZ 3358 53 7 four four CD 3358 53 8 search search NN 3358 53 9 tools tool NNS 3358 53 10 for for IN 3358 53 11 accessing access VBG 3358 53 12 the the DT 3358 53 13 current current JJ 3358 53 14 col- col- JJ 3358 53 15 lection lection NN 3358 53 16 of of IN 3358 53 17 approximately approximately RB 3358 53 18 five five CD 3358 53 19 hundred hundred CD 3358 53 20 books book NNS 3358 53 21 in in IN 3358 53 22 thirty thirty CD 3358 53 23 languages language NNS 3358 53 24 : : : 3358 53 25 Simple simple JJ 3358 53 26 , , , 3358 53 27 Advanced advanced JJ 3358 53 28 , , , 3358 53 29 Location location NN 3358 53 30 , , , 3358 53 31 and and CC 3358 53 32 Keyword Keyword NNP 3358 53 33 . . . 3358 54 1 All all DT 3358 54 2 are be VBP 3358 54 3 implemented implement VBN 3358 54 4 with with IN 3358 54 5 Java Java NNP 3358 54 6 Servlet Servlet NNP 3358 54 7 technology technology NN 3358 54 8 , , , 3358 54 9 use use VBP 3358 54 10 only only JJ 3358 54 11 HTML html NN 3358 54 12 and and CC 3358 54 13 JavaScript JavaScript NNP 3358 54 14 on on IN 3358 54 15 the the DT 3358 54 16 client client NN 3358 54 17 side side NN 3358 54 18 , , , 3358 54 19 and and CC 3358 54 20 can can MD 3358 54 21 run run VB 3358 54 22 on on IN 3358 54 23 a a DT 3358 54 24 56 56 CD 3358 54 25 K k NN 3358 54 26 modem modem NN 3358 54 27 . . . 3358 55 1 These these DT 3358 55 2 interfaces interface NNS 3358 55 3 were be VBD 3358 55 4 created create VBN 3358 55 5 dur- dur- VBG 3358 55 6 ing e VBG 3358 55 7 the the DT 3358 55 8 first first JJ 3358 55 9 two two CD 3358 55 10 development development NN 3358 55 11 phases phase NNS 3358 55 12 . . . 3358 56 1 The the DT 3358 56 2 team team NN 3358 56 3 visited visit VBD 3358 56 4 physical physical JJ 3358 56 5 libraries library NNS 3358 56 6 to to TO 3358 56 7 observe observe VB 3358 56 8 children child NNS 3358 56 9 looking look VBG 3358 56 10 for for IN 3358 56 11 books book NNS 3358 56 12 , , , 3358 56 13 developed develop VBD 3358 56 14 a a DT 3358 56 15 category category NN 3358 56 16 hierarchy hierarchy NN 3358 56 17 of of IN 3358 56 18 kid kid NN 3358 56 19 - - HYPH 3358 56 20 friendly friendly JJ 3358 56 21 terms term NNS 3358 56 22 based base VBN 3358 56 23 on on IN 3358 56 24 these these DT 3358 56 25 findings finding NNS 3358 56 26 , , , 3358 56 27 and and CC 3358 56 28 designed design VBD 3358 56 29 different different JJ 3358 56 30 tools tool NNS 3358 56 31 for for IN 3358 56 32 reading read VBG 3358 56 33 books.24 books.24 NNP 3358 56 34 Using use VBG 3358 56 35 the the DT 3358 56 36 Simple simple JJ 3358 56 37 interface interface NN 3358 56 38 ( ( -LRB- 3358 56 39 figure figure NN 3358 56 40 1 1 CD 3358 56 41 ) ) -RRB- 3358 56 42 , , , 3358 56 43 users user NNS 3358 56 44 can can MD 3358 56 45 search search VB 3358 56 46 for for IN 3358 56 47 books book NNS 3358 56 48 using use VBG 3358 56 49 colorful colorful JJ 3358 56 50 buttons button NNS 3358 56 51 representing represent VBG 3358 56 52 the the DT 3358 56 53 most most RBS 3358 56 54 popular popular JJ 3358 56 55 search search NN 3358 56 56 categories category NNS 3358 56 57 . . . 3358 57 1 The the DT 3358 57 2 Advanced advanced JJ 3358 57 3 interface interface NN 3358 57 4 ( ( -LRB- 3358 57 5 figure figure NN 3358 57 6 2 2 CD 3358 57 7 ) ) -RRB- 3358 57 8 , , , 3358 57 9 allows allow VBZ 3358 57 10 users user NNS 3358 57 11 to to TO 3358 57 12 search search VB 3358 57 13 for for IN 3358 57 14 books book NNS 3358 57 15 in in IN 3358 57 16 a a DT 3358 57 17 compact compact JJ 3358 57 18 , , , 3358 57 19 text text NN 3358 57 20 - - HYPH 3358 57 21 link link NN 3358 57 22 - - HYPH 3358 57 23 based base VBN 3358 57 24 interface interface NN 3358 57 25 that that WDT 3358 57 26 contains contain VBZ 3358 57 27 the the DT 3358 57 28 entire entire JJ 3358 57 29 library- library- JJ 3358 57 30 category category NN 3358 57 31 hierarchy hierarchy NN 3358 57 32 . . . 3358 58 1 By by IN 3358 58 2 selecting select VBG 3358 58 3 the the DT 3358 58 4 Location location NN 3358 58 5 interface interface NN 3358 58 6 ( ( -LRB- 3358 58 7 figure figure NN 3358 58 8 3 3 CD 3358 58 9 ) ) -RRB- 3358 58 10 , , , 3358 58 11 users user NNS 3358 58 12 can can MD 3358 58 13 search search VB 3358 58 14 for for IN 3358 58 15 books book NNS 3358 58 16 by by IN 3358 58 17 spinning spin VBG 3358 58 18 a a DT 3358 58 19 globe globe NN 3358 58 20 to to TO 3358 58 21 select select VB 3358 58 22 a a DT 3358 58 23 continent continent NN 3358 58 24 . . . 3358 59 1 Finally finally RB 3358 59 2 , , , 3358 59 3 with with IN 3358 59 4 the the DT 3358 59 5 Keyword Keyword NNP 3358 59 6 inter- inter- NN 3358 59 7 face face NN 3358 59 8 , , , 3358 59 9 users user NNS 3358 59 10 search search VBP 3358 59 11 for for IN 3358 59 12 books book NNS 3358 59 13 by by IN 3358 59 14 typing type VBG 3358 59 15 in in IN 3358 59 16 a a DT 3358 59 17 keyword keyword NN 3358 59 18 . . . 3358 60 1 Younger young JJR 3358 60 2 children child NNS 3358 60 3 seem seem VBP 3358 60 4 to to TO 3358 60 5 prefer prefer VB 3358 60 6 the the DT 3358 60 7 simplicity simplicity NN 3358 60 8 and and CC 3358 60 9 fun fun NN 3358 60 10 of of IN 3358 60 11 the the DT 3358 60 12 Location Location NNP 3358 60 13 interface interface NN 3358 60 14 , , , 3358 60 15 while while IN 3358 60 16 older old JJR 3358 60 17 children child NNS 3358 60 18 enjoy enjoy VBP 3358 60 19 browsing browse VBG 3358 60 20 the the DT 3358 60 21 kid kid NN 3358 60 22 - - HYPH 3358 60 23 friendly friendly JJ 3358 60 24 categories category NNS 3358 60 25 , , , 3358 60 26 such such JJ 3358 60 27 as as IN 3358 60 28 Colors Colors NNPS 3358 60 29 , , , 3358 60 30 Feelings feeling NNS 3358 60 31 , , , 3358 60 32 and and CC 3358 60 33 Shapes.25 shapes.25 CD 3358 60 34 All all DT 3358 60 35 of of IN 3358 60 36 these these DT 3358 60 37 methods method NNS 3358 60 38 search search VBP 3358 60 39 the the DT 3358 60 40 library library NN 3358 60 41 for for IN 3358 60 42 books book NNS 3358 60 43 with with IN 3358 60 44 matching match VBG 3358 60 45 metadata metadata NN 3358 60 46 . . . 3358 61 1 Users user NNS 3358 61 2 can can MD 3358 61 3 then then RB 3358 61 4 read read VB 3358 61 5 the the DT 3358 61 6 book book NN 3358 61 7 using use VBG 3358 61 8 a a DT 3358 61 9 variety variety NN 3358 61 10 of of IN 3358 61 11 book book NN 3358 61 12 readers reader NNS 3358 61 13 , , , 3358 61 14 including include VBG 3358 61 15 standard standard JJ 3358 61 16 HTML html NN 3358 61 17 pages page NNS 3358 61 18 and and CC 3358 61 19 more more RBR 3358 61 20 elaborate elaborate JJ 3358 61 21 Java Java NNP 3358 61 22 - - HYPH 3358 61 23 based base VBN 3358 61 24 tools tool NNS 3358 61 25 developed develop VBN 3358 61 26 by by IN 3358 61 27 the the DT 3358 61 28 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 61 29 team team NN 3358 61 30 that that WDT 3358 61 31 present present JJ 3358 61 32 book book NN 3358 61 33 pages page NNS 3358 61 34 in in IN 3358 61 35 comic comic JJ 3358 61 36 or or CC 3358 61 37 spiral spiral JJ 3358 61 38 layouts layout NNS 3358 61 39 ( ( -LRB- 3358 61 40 figures figure NNS 3358 61 41 4–6 4–6 CD 3358 61 42 ) ) -RRB- 3358 61 43 . . . 3358 62 1 In in IN 3358 62 2 addition addition NN 3358 62 3 to to IN 3358 62 4 the the DT 3358 62 5 public public JJ 3358 62 6 interface interface NN 3358 62 7 , , , 3358 62 8 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 62 9 also also RB 3358 62 10 includes include VBZ 3358 62 11 a a DT 3358 62 12 private private JJ 3358 62 13 Web web NN 3358 62 14 site site NN 3358 62 15 that that WDT 3358 62 16 was be VBD 3358 62 17 developed develop VBN 3358 62 18 for for IN 3358 62 19 book book NN 3358 62 20 contributors contributor NNS 3358 62 21 to to TO 3358 62 22 enter enter VB 3358 62 23 bibli- bibli- NN 3358 62 24 ographic ographic JJ 3358 62 25 metadata metadata NN 3358 62 26 about about IN 3358 62 27 the the DT 3358 62 28 books book NNS 3358 62 29 they -PRON- PRP 3358 62 30 provide provide VBP 3358 62 31 to to IN 3358 62 32 the the DT 3358 62 33 library library NN 3358 62 34 ( ( -LRB- 3358 62 35 figures figure NNS 3358 62 36 7 7 CD 3358 62 37 and and CC 3358 62 38 8) 8) CD 3358 62 39 . . . 3358 63 1 Using use VBG 3358 63 2 the the DT 3358 63 3 metadata metadata NN 3358 63 4 interface interface NN 3358 63 5 , , , 3358 63 6 contributors contributor NNS 3358 63 7 can can MD 3358 63 8 enter enter VB 3358 63 9 information information NN 3358 63 10 about about IN 3358 63 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 63 12 books book NNS 3358 63 13 in in IN 3358 63 14 the the DT 3358 63 15 native native JJ 3358 63 16 language language NN 3358 63 17 of of IN 3358 63 18 the the DT 3358 63 19 book book NN 3358 63 20 , , , 3358 63 21 and and CC 3358 63 22 optionally optionally RB 3358 63 23 trans- trans- XX 3358 63 24 late late RB 3358 63 25 or or CC 3358 63 26 transliterate transliterate VB 3358 63 27 this this DT 3358 63 28 information information NN 3358 63 29 into into IN 3358 63 30 English English NNP 3358 63 31 or or CC 3358 63 32 Latin Latin NNP 3358 63 33 - - HYPH 3358 63 34 based base VBN 3358 63 35 characters character NNS 3358 63 36 . . . 3358 64 1 The the DT 3358 64 2 design design NN 3358 64 3 of of IN 3358 64 4 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 64 5 is be VBZ 3358 64 6 driven drive VBN 3358 64 7 by by IN 3358 64 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 3358 64 9 audience audience NN 3358 64 10 , , , 3358 64 11 which which WDT 3358 64 12 includes include VBZ 3358 64 13 users user NNS 3358 64 14 , , , 3358 64 15 contributors contributor NNS 3358 64 16 , , , 3358 64 17 and and CC 3358 64 18 volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 64 19 of of IN 3358 64 20 all all DT 3358 64 21 ages age NNS 3358 64 22 from from IN 3358 64 23 around around IN 3358 64 24 the the DT 3358 64 25 world world NN 3358 64 26 — — : 3358 64 27 more more JJR 3358 64 28 than than IN 3358 64 29 six six CD 3358 64 30 hundred hundred CD 3358 64 31 thou- thou- NN 3358 64 32 sand sand NN 3358 64 33 unique unique JJ 3358 64 34 visitors visitor NNS 3358 64 35 from from IN 3358 64 36 more more JJR 3358 64 37 than than IN 3358 64 38 two two CD 3358 64 39 hundred hundred CD 3358 64 40 coun- coun- JJ 3358 64 41 tries try NNS 3358 64 42 ( ( -LRB- 3358 64 43 at at IN 3358 64 44 last last JJ 3358 64 45 count count NN 3358 64 46 ) ) -RRB- 3358 64 47 . . . 3358 65 1 As as IN 3358 65 2 a a DT 3358 65 3 result result NN 3358 65 4 , , , 3358 65 5 books book NNS 3358 65 6 written write VBN 3358 65 7 in in IN 3358 65 8 many many JJ 3358 65 9 different different JJ 3358 65 10 languages language NNS 3358 65 11 for for IN 3358 65 12 users user NNS 3358 65 13 of of IN 3358 65 14 different different JJ 3358 65 15 ages age NNS 3358 65 16 and and CC 3358 65 17 cul- cul- JJ 3358 65 18 tural tural JJ 3358 65 19 backgrounds background NNS 3358 65 20 must must MD 3358 65 21 be be VB 3358 65 22 collected collect VBN 3358 65 23 , , , 3358 65 24 processed process VBN 3358 65 25 , , , 3358 65 26 stored stored JJ 3358 65 27 , , , 3358 65 28 and and CC 3358 65 29 presented present VBD 3358 65 30 . . . 3358 66 1 The the DT 3358 66 2 rest rest NN 3358 66 3 of of IN 3358 66 4 this this DT 3358 66 5 paper paper NN 3358 66 6 will will MD 3358 66 7 describe describe VB 3358 66 8 some some DT 3358 66 9 of of IN 3358 66 10 the the DT 3358 66 11 challenges challenge NNS 3358 66 12 encountered encounter VBN 3358 66 13 and and CC 3358 66 14 that that WDT 3358 66 15 are be VBP 3358 66 16 still still RB 3358 66 17 being be VBG 3358 66 18 encountered encounter VBN 3358 66 19 in in IN 3358 66 20 the the DT 3358 66 21 development development NN 3358 66 22 process process NN 3358 66 23 , , , 3358 66 24 including include VBG 3358 66 25 selecting select VBG 3358 66 26 and and CC 3358 66 27 processing process VBG 3358 66 28 a a DT 3358 66 29 more more RBR 3358 66 30 diverse diverse JJ 3358 66 31 collection collection NN 3358 66 32 of of IN 3358 66 33 books book NNS 3358 66 34 , , , 3358 66 35 handling handle VBG 3358 66 36 different different JJ 3358 66 37 character character NN 3358 66 38 sets set NNS 3358 66 39 and and CC 3358 66 40 fonts font NNS 3358 66 41 , , , 3358 66 42 and and CC 3358 66 43 addressing address VBG 3358 66 44 differences difference NNS 3358 66 45 in in IN 3358 66 46 cultural cultural JJ 3358 66 47 , , , 3358 66 48 religious religious JJ 3358 66 49 , , , 3358 66 50 social social JJ 3358 66 51 , , , 3358 66 52 and and CC 3358 66 53 political political JJ 3358 66 54 interpretation interpretation NN 3358 66 55 . . . 3358 67 1 Figure figure NN 3358 67 2 2 2 CD 3358 67 3 . . . 3358 68 1 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 68 2 Advanced Advanced NNP 3358 68 3 Interface Interface NNP 3358 68 4 Figure Figure NNP 3358 68 5 1 1 CD 3358 68 6 . . . 3358 69 1 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 69 2 Simple simple JJ 3358 69 3 Interface interface NN 3358 69 4 ■ ■ NFP 3358 69 5 Book Book NNP 3358 69 6 Selection Selection NNP 3358 69 7 and and CC 3358 69 8 Processing Processing NNP 3358 69 9 The the DT 3358 69 10 first first JJ 3358 69 11 challenge challenge NN 3358 69 12 in in IN 3358 69 13 the the DT 3358 69 14 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 69 15 project project NN 3358 69 16 is be VBZ 3358 69 17 obtaining obtain VBG 3358 69 18 and and CC 3358 69 19 managing manage VBG 3358 69 20 content content NN 3358 69 21 . . . 3358 70 1 Collecting collect VBG 3358 70 2 books book NNS 3358 70 3 from from IN 3358 70 4 around around IN 3358 70 5 the the DT 3358 70 6 world world NN 3358 70 7 is be VBZ 3358 70 8 a a DT 3358 70 9 challenge challenge NN 3358 70 10 because because IN 3358 70 11 national national JJ 3358 70 12 libraries library NNS 3358 70 13 , , , 3358 70 14 publish- publish- NNP 3358 70 15 ers ers NNP 3358 70 16 , , , 3358 70 17 and and CC 3358 70 18 creators creator NNS 3358 70 19 ( ( -LRB- 3358 70 20 authors author NNS 3358 70 21 and and CC 3358 70 22 illustrators illustrator NNS 3358 70 23 ) ) -RRB- 3358 70 24 all all DT 3358 70 25 have have VBP 3358 70 26 differ- differ- JJ 3358 70 27 ent ent NN 3358 70 28 rules rule NNS 3358 70 29 regarding regard VBG 3358 70 30 copyrights copyright NNS 3358 70 31 . . . 3358 71 1 The the DT 3358 71 2 goal goal NN 3358 71 3 is be VBZ 3358 71 4 to to TO 3358 71 5 identify identify VB 3358 71 6 and and CC 3358 71 7 obtain obtain VB 3358 71 8 award award NN 3358 71 9 - - HYPH 3358 71 10 winning win VBG 3358 71 11 children child NNS 3358 71 12 ’s ’s POS 3358 71 13 books book NNS 3358 71 14 from from IN 3358 71 15 around around IN 3358 71 16 the the DT 3358 71 17 world world NN 3358 71 18 , , , 3358 71 19 for for IN 3358 71 20 example example NN 3358 71 21 , , , 3358 71 22 books book NNS 3358 71 23 on on IN 3358 71 24 the the DT 3358 71 25 White White NNP 3358 71 26 Ravens Ravens NNP 3358 71 27 list list NN 3358 71 28 , , , 3358 71 29 which which WDT 3358 71 30 are be VBP 3358 71 31 also also RB 3358 71 32 made make VBN 3358 71 33 available available JJ 3358 71 34 to to IN 3358 71 35 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 71 36 users user NNS 3358 71 37 ( ( -LRB- 3358 71 38 www www NN 3358 71 39 . . . 3358 72 1 icdlbooks.org/servlet/WhiteRavens).26 icdlbooks.org/servlet/whiteravens).26 FW 3358 72 2 However however RB 3358 72 3 , , , 3358 72 4 unso- unso- JJ 3358 72 5 licited licited JJ 3358 72 6 books book NNS 3358 72 7 are be VBP 3358 72 8 received receive VBN 3358 72 9 , , , 3358 72 10 frequently frequently RB 3358 72 11 in in IN 3358 72 12 languages language NNS 3358 72 13 the the DT 3358 72 14 team team NN 3358 72 15 can can MD 3358 72 16 not not RB 3358 72 17 read read VB 3358 72 18 . . . 3358 73 1 As as IN 3358 73 2 a a DT 3358 73 3 result result NN 3358 73 4 , , , 3358 73 5 members member NNS 3358 73 6 of of IN 3358 73 7 the the DT 3358 73 8 advisory advisory NNP 3358 73 9 board board NNP 3358 73 10 and and CC 3358 73 11 various various JJ 3358 73 12 children child NNS 3358 73 13 ’s ’s POS 3358 73 14 literature literature NN 3358 73 15 organizations organization NNS 3358 73 16 in in IN 3358 73 17 different different JJ 3358 73 18 countries country NNS 3358 73 19 are be VBP 3358 73 20 relied rely VBN 3358 73 21 on on RP 3358 73 22 to to TO 3358 73 23 review review VB 3358 73 24 these these DT 3358 73 25 books book NNS 3358 73 26 . . . 3358 74 1 These these DT 3358 74 2 groups group NNS 3358 74 3 help help VBP 3358 74 4 determine determine VB 3358 74 5 whether whether IN 3358 74 6 books book NNS 3358 74 7 are be VBP 3358 74 8 relevant relevant JJ 3358 74 9 and and CC 3358 74 10 acceptable acceptable JJ 3358 74 11 in in IN 3358 74 12 the the DT 3358 74 13 culture culture NN 3358 74 14 they -PRON- PRP 3358 74 15 are be VBP 3358 74 16 from from IN 3358 74 17 , , , 3358 74 18 and and CC 3358 74 19 whether whether IN 3358 74 20 they -PRON- PRP 3358 74 21 are be VBP 3358 74 22 appropriate appropriate JJ 3358 74 23 for for IN 3358 74 24 the the DT 3358 74 25 three three CD 3358 74 26 - - HYPH 3358 74 27 to to IN 3358 74 28 - - HYPH 3358 74 29 thirteen thirteen CD 3358 74 30 age age NN 3358 74 31 group group NN 3358 74 32 . . . 3358 75 1 These these DT 3358 75 2 groups group NNS 3358 75 3 are be VBP 3358 75 4 eager eager JJ 3358 75 5 to to TO 3358 75 6 help help VB 3358 75 7 ; ; : 3358 75 8 including include VBG 3358 75 9 them -PRON- PRP 3358 75 10 in in IN 3358 75 11 the the DT 3358 75 12 process process NN 3358 75 13 is be VBZ 3358 75 14 an an DT 3358 75 15 effective effective JJ 3358 75 16 way way NN 3358 75 17 to to TO 3358 75 18 build build VB 3358 75 19 the the DT 3358 75 20 project project NN 3358 75 21 and and CC 3358 75 22 the the DT 3358 75 23 community community NN 3358 75 24 surrounding surround VBG 3358 75 25 it -PRON- PRP 3358 75 26 . . . 3358 76 1 In in IN 3358 76 2 addition addition NN 3358 76 3 to to IN 3358 76 4 collecting collect VBG 3358 76 5 and and CC 3358 76 6 scanning scanning NN 3358 76 7 books book NNS 3358 76 8 , , , 3358 76 9 biblio- biblio- JJ 3358 76 10 graphical graphical JJ 3358 76 11 metadata metadata NN 3358 76 12 in in IN 3358 76 13 the the DT 3358 76 14 native native JJ 3358 76 15 language language NN 3358 76 16 of of IN 3358 76 17 the the DT 3358 76 18 book book NN 3358 76 19 ( ( -LRB- 3358 76 20 title title NN 3358 76 21 , , , 3358 76 22 creator[s creator[s NNP 3358 76 23 ] ] -RRB- 3358 76 24 , , , 3358 76 25 publisher publisher NN 3358 76 26 , , , 3358 76 27 abstract abstract JJ 3358 76 28 ) ) -RRB- 3358 76 29 are be VBP 3358 76 30 also also RB 3358 76 31 collected collect VBN 3358 76 32 via via IN 3358 76 33 the the DT 3358 76 34 Web web NN 3358 76 35 - - HYPH 3358 76 36 based base VBN 3358 76 37 metadata metadata NN 3358 76 38 form form NN 3358 76 39 filled fill VBN 3358 76 40 out out RP 3358 76 41 by by IN 3358 76 42 the the DT 3358 76 43 book book NN 3358 76 44 con- con- NN 3358 76 45 tributors tributor NNS 3358 76 46 . . . 3358 77 1 It -PRON- PRP 3358 77 2 was be VBD 3358 77 3 decided decide VBN 3358 77 4 to to TO 3358 77 5 base base VB 3358 77 6 the the DT 3358 77 7 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 77 8 metadata metadata NN 3358 77 9 spec- spec- VBG 3358 77 10 ification ification NN 3358 77 11 on on IN 3358 77 12 the the DT 3358 77 13 Dublin Dublin NNP 3358 77 14 Core Core NNP 3358 77 15 because because IN 3358 77 16 of of IN 3358 77 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 3358 77 18 international international JJ 3358 77 19 background background NN 3358 77 20 , , , 3358 77 21 ability ability NN 3358 77 22 to to TO 3358 77 23 be be VB 3358 77 24 understood understand VBN 3358 77 25 by by IN 3358 77 26 nonspecialists nonspecialist NNS 3358 77 27 , , , 3358 77 28 and and CC 3358 77 29 the the DT 3358 77 30 possibilities possibility NNS 3358 77 31 to to TO 3358 77 32 extend extend VB 3358 77 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 3358 77 34 basic basic JJ 3358 77 35 elements element NNS 3358 77 36 to to TO 3358 77 37 meet meet VB 3358 77 38 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 77 39 ’s ’s POS 3358 77 40 specific specific JJ 3358 77 41 needs need NNS 3358 77 42 ( ( -LRB- 3358 77 43 see see VB 3358 77 44 www.icdlbooks.org/ www.icdlbooks.org/ NNP 3358 77 45 metadata metadata NN 3358 77 46 / / SYM 3358 77 47 specification specification NN 3358 77 48 for for IN 3358 77 49 more more RBR 3358 77 50 details).27 details).27 NN 3358 77 51 Contributors contributor NNS 3358 77 52 who who WP 3358 77 53 provide provide VBP 3358 77 54 metadata metadata NN 3358 77 55 have have VBP 3358 77 56 the the DT 3358 77 57 option option NN 3358 77 58 of of IN 3358 77 59 translating translate VBG 3358 77 60 them -PRON- PRP 3358 77 61 to to IN 3358 77 62 English English NNP 3358 77 63 ; ; : 3358 77 64 they -PRON- PRP 3358 77 65 also also RB 3358 77 66 can can MD 3358 77 67 transliterate transliterate VB 3358 77 68 them -PRON- PRP 3358 77 69 to to IN 3358 77 70 Latin latin JJ 3358 77 71 characters character NNS 3358 77 72 , , , 3358 77 73 if if IN 3358 77 74 necessary necessary JJ 3358 77 75 . . . 3358 78 1 Regardless regardless RB 3358 78 2 of of IN 3358 78 3 what what WDT 3358 78 4 language language NN 3358 78 5 or or CC 3358 78 6 Figure Figure NNP 3358 78 7 5 5 CD 3358 78 8 . . . 3358 79 1 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 79 2 Comic Comic NNP 3358 79 3 Book Book NNP 3358 79 4 Reader Reader NNP 3358 79 5 Figure Figure NNP 3358 79 6 3 3 CD 3358 79 7 . . . 3358 80 1 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 80 2 Location Location NNP 3358 80 3 Interface Interface NNP 3358 80 4 Figure Figure NNP 3358 80 5 4 4 CD 3358 80 6 . . . 3358 81 1 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 81 2 Standard Standard NNP 3358 81 3 Book Book NNP 3358 81 4 Reader Reader NNP 3358 81 5 Figure Figure NNP 3358 81 6 6 6 CD 3358 81 7 . . . 3358 82 1 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 82 2 Spiral Spiral NNP 3358 82 3 Book Book NNP 3358 82 4 Reader Reader NNP 3358 82 5 THE the DT 3358 82 6 INTERNATIONAL international JJ 3358 82 7 CHILDREN child NNS 3358 82 8 ’S ’s POS 3358 82 9 DIGITAL DIGITAL NNP 3358 82 10 LIBRARY LIBRARY NNP 3358 82 11 | | NNP 3358 82 12 HUTCHINSON HUTCHINSON NNP 3358 82 13 , , , 3358 82 14 ROSE ROSE NNP 3358 82 15 , , , 3358 82 16 BEDERSON BEDERSON NNP 3358 82 17 , , , 3358 82 18 WEEKS weeks NN 3358 82 19 , , , 3358 82 20 AND and CC 3358 82 21 DRUIN DRUIN NNP 3358 82 22 7 7 CD 3358 82 23 8 8 CD 3358 82 24 INFORMATION information NN 3358 82 25 TECHNOLOGY technology NN 3358 82 26 AND and CC 3358 82 27 LIBRARIES library NNS 3358 82 28 | | NNP 3358 82 29 MARCH MARCH NNS 3358 82 30 2005 2005 CD 3358 82 31 languages language NNS 3358 82 32 they -PRON- PRP 3358 82 33 provide provide VBP 3358 82 34 , , , 3358 82 35 they -PRON- PRP 3358 82 36 are be VBP 3358 82 37 asked ask VBN 3358 82 38 to to TO 3358 82 39 provide provide VB 3358 82 40 infor- infor- JJ 3358 82 41 mation mation NN 3358 82 42 that that IN 3358 82 43 they -PRON- PRP 3358 82 44 create create VBP 3358 82 45 themselves -PRON- PRP 3358 82 46 , , , 3358 82 47 such such JJ 3358 82 48 as as IN 3358 82 49 the the DT 3358 82 50 abstract abstract JJ 3358 82 51 , , , 3358 82 52 in in IN 3358 82 53 a a DT 3358 82 54 format format NN 3358 82 55 that that WDT 3358 82 56 is be VBZ 3358 82 57 easily easily RB 3358 82 58 understandable understandable JJ 3358 82 59 by by IN 3358 82 60 children child NNS 3358 82 61 . . . 3358 83 1 Simple simple JJ 3358 83 2 , , , 3358 83 3 short short JJ 3358 83 4 sentences sentence NNS 3358 83 5 make make VBP 3358 83 6 the the DT 3358 83 7 information information NN 3358 83 8 easy easy RB 3358 83 9 for for IN 3358 83 10 children child NNS 3358 83 11 to to TO 3358 83 12 read read VB 3358 83 13 , , , 3358 83 14 and and CC 3358 83 15 easier easy JJR 3358 83 16 to to TO 3358 83 17 translate translate VB 3358 83 18 to to IN 3358 83 19 other other JJ 3358 83 20 languages language NNS 3358 83 21 . . . 3358 84 1 The the DT 3358 84 2 metadata metadata NN 3358 84 3 provided provide VBN 3358 84 4 allow allow VBP 3358 84 5 the the DT 3358 84 6 team team NN 3358 84 7 to to TO 3358 84 8 catalog catalog VB 3358 84 9 the the DT 3358 84 10 books book NNS 3358 84 11 for for IN 3358 84 12 browsing browsing NN 3358 84 13 according accord VBG 3358 84 14 to to IN 3358 84 15 the the DT 3358 84 16 various various JJ 3358 84 17 categories category NNS 3358 84 18 and and CC 3358 84 19 to to TO 3358 84 20 index index VB 3358 84 21 the the DT 3358 84 22 books book NNS 3358 84 23 for for IN 3358 84 24 keyword keyword NNP 3358 84 25 searching search VBG 3358 84 26 . . . 3358 85 1 Even even RB 3358 85 2 though though IN 3358 85 3 translation translation NN 3358 85 4 to to IN 3358 85 5 English English NNP 3358 85 6 is be VBZ 3358 85 7 optional optional JJ 3358 85 8 , , , 3358 85 9 the the DT 3358 85 10 English- English- NNP 3358 85 11 speaking speak VBG 3358 85 12 metadata metadata NN 3358 85 13 team team NN 3358 85 14 needs need VBZ 3358 85 15 the the DT 3358 85 16 metadata metadata NN 3358 85 17 in in IN 3358 85 18 English English NNP 3358 85 19 in in IN 3358 85 20 order order NN 3358 85 21 to to TO 3358 85 22 catalog catalog VB 3358 85 23 the the DT 3358 85 24 books book NNS 3358 85 25 . . . 3358 86 1 Since since IN 3358 86 2 many many JJ 3358 86 3 contributors contributor NNS 3358 86 4 do do VBP 3358 86 5 not not RB 3358 86 6 have have VB 3358 86 7 the the DT 3358 86 8 time time NN 3358 86 9 or or CC 3358 86 10 ability ability NN 3358 86 11 to to TO 3358 86 12 provide provide VB 3358 86 13 all all DT 3358 86 14 of of IN 3358 86 15 this this DT 3358 86 16 informa- informa- JJ 3358 86 17 tion tion NN 3358 86 18 , , , 3358 86 19 volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 86 20 who who WP 3358 86 21 speak speak VBP 3358 86 22 different different JJ 3358 86 23 languages language NNS 3358 86 24 are be VBP 3358 86 25 relied rely VBN 3358 86 26 on on RP 3358 86 27 to to TO 3358 86 28 check check VB 3358 86 29 the the DT 3358 86 30 metadata metadata NN 3358 86 31 that that WDT 3358 86 32 get get VBP 3358 86 33 submitted submit VBN 3358 86 34 , , , 3358 86 35 and and CC 3358 86 36 translate translate VB 3358 86 37 or or CC 3358 86 38 transliterate transliterate VB 3358 86 39 them -PRON- PRP 3358 86 40 as as RB 3358 86 41 necessary necessary JJ 3358 86 42 . . . 3358 87 1 This this DT 3358 87 2 method method NN 3358 87 3 allows allow VBZ 3358 87 4 information information NN 3358 87 5 to to TO 3358 87 6 be be VB 3358 87 7 collected collect VBN 3358 87 8 from from IN 3358 87 9 contributors contributor NNS 3358 87 10 without without IN 3358 87 11 overwhelming overwhelm VBG 3358 87 12 them -PRON- PRP 3358 87 13 , , , 3358 87 14 and and CC 3358 87 15 also also RB 3358 87 16 helps help VBZ 3358 87 17 build build VB 3358 87 18 and and CC 3358 87 19 maintain maintain VB 3358 87 20 the the DT 3358 87 21 volunteer volunteer NN 3358 87 22 community community NN 3358 87 23 . . . 3358 88 1 ■ ■ NFP 3358 88 2 Handling handle VBG 3358 88 3 Different different JJ 3358 88 4 Character character NN 3358 88 5 Sets set VBZ 3358 88 6 The the DT 3358 88 7 metadata metadata NN 3358 88 8 form form NN 3358 88 9 allows allow VBZ 3358 88 10 contributors contributor NNS 3358 88 11 to to TO 3358 88 12 provide provide VB 3358 88 13 infor- infor- IN 3358 88 14 mation mation NN 3358 88 15 from from IN 3358 88 16 the the DT 3358 88 17 comfort comfort NN 3358 88 18 of of IN 3358 88 19 an an DT 3358 88 20 operating operating NN 3358 88 21 system system NN 3358 88 22 and and CC 3358 88 23 key- key- NN 3358 88 24 board board NN 3358 88 25 in in IN 3358 88 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 88 27 native native JJ 3358 88 28 language language NN 3358 88 29 , , , 3358 88 30 but but CC 3358 88 31 this this DT 3358 88 32 flexibility flexibility NN 3358 88 33 requires require VBZ 3358 88 34 software software NN 3358 88 35 that that WDT 3358 88 36 can can MD 3358 88 37 handle handle VB 3358 88 38 many many JJ 3358 88 39 different different JJ 3358 88 40 character character NN 3358 88 41 sets set NNS 3358 88 42 . . . 3358 89 1 For for IN 3358 89 2 example example NN 3358 89 3 , , , 3358 89 4 English English NNP 3358 89 5 uses use VBZ 3358 89 6 a a DT 3358 89 7 Latin latin JJ 3358 89 8 character character NN 3358 89 9 set set NN 3358 89 10 ; ; : 3358 89 11 Russian Russian NNP 3358 89 12 uses use VBZ 3358 89 13 a a DT 3358 89 14 Cyrillic cyrillic JJ 3358 89 15 character character NN 3358 89 16 set set NN 3358 89 17 ; ; : 3358 89 18 and and CC 3358 89 19 an an DT 3358 89 20 Arabic arabic JJ 3358 89 21 character character NN 3358 89 22 set set NN 3358 89 23 is be VBZ 3358 89 24 used use VBN 3358 89 25 for for IN 3358 89 26 Persian Persian NNP 3358 89 27 / / SYM 3358 89 28 Farsi Farsi NNP 3358 89 29 . . . 3358 90 1 Fortunately fortunately RB 3358 90 2 , , , 3358 90 3 there there EX 3358 90 4 exists exist VBZ 3358 90 5 a a DT 3358 90 6 single single JJ 3358 90 7 character character NN 3358 90 8 set set NN 3358 90 9 called call VBN 3358 90 10 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 90 11 , , , 3358 90 12 an an DT 3358 90 13 international international JJ 3358 90 14 , , , 3358 90 15 cross cross JJ 3358 90 16 - - JJ 3358 90 17 plat- plat- JJ 3358 90 18 form form NN 3358 90 19 standard standard NN 3358 90 20 that that WDT 3358 90 21 contains contain VBZ 3358 90 22 a a DT 3358 90 23 unique unique JJ 3358 90 24 encoding encoding NN 3358 90 25 for for IN 3358 90 26 nearly nearly RB 3358 90 27 every every DT 3358 90 28 character character NN 3358 90 29 in in IN 3358 90 30 every every DT 3358 90 31 language.28 language.28 NNP 3358 90 32 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 3358 90 33 , , , 3358 90 34 not not RB 3358 90 35 all all DT 3358 90 36 software software NN 3358 90 37 supports support VBZ 3358 90 38 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 90 39 as as RB 3358 90 40 yet yet RB 3358 90 41 . . . 3358 91 1 In in IN 3358 91 2 the the DT 3358 91 3 first first JJ 3358 91 4 stage stage NN 3358 91 5 of of IN 3358 91 6 implementation implementation NN 3358 91 7 in in IN 3358 91 8 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 91 9 , , , 3358 91 10 metadata metadata NN 3358 91 11 information information NN 3358 91 12 was be VBD 3358 91 13 col- col- JJ 3358 91 14 lected lecte VBN 3358 91 15 only only RB 3358 91 16 in in IN 3358 91 17 English English NNP 3358 91 18 , , , 3358 91 19 so so RB 3358 91 20 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 91 21 compliance compliance NN 3358 91 22 was be VBD 3358 91 23 not not RB 3358 91 24 a a DT 3358 91 25 problem problem NN 3358 91 26 . . . 3358 92 1 However however RB 3358 92 2 , , , 3358 92 3 in in IN 3358 92 4 the the DT 3358 92 5 next next JJ 3358 92 6 phase phase NN 3358 92 7 of of IN 3358 92 8 development development NN 3358 92 9 , , , 3358 92 10 which which WDT 3358 92 11 included include VBD 3358 92 12 collecting collect VBG 3358 92 13 and and CC 3358 92 14 presenting present VBG 3358 92 15 metadata metadata NN 3358 92 16 in in IN 3358 92 17 the the DT 3358 92 18 native native JJ 3358 92 19 language language NN 3358 92 20 of of IN 3358 92 21 all all DT 3358 92 22 of of IN 3358 92 23 the the DT 3358 92 24 books book NNS 3358 92 25 , , , 3358 92 26 the the DT 3358 92 27 software software NN 3358 92 28 had have VBD 3358 92 29 to to TO 3358 92 30 be be VB 3358 92 31 adjusted adjust VBN 3358 92 32 to to TO 3358 92 33 use use VB 3358 92 34 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 92 35 because because IN 3358 92 36 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 92 37 supports support NNS 3358 92 38 poten- poten- VBP 3358 92 39 tially tially RB 3358 92 40 every every DT 3358 92 41 language language NN 3358 92 42 in in IN 3358 92 43 the the DT 3358 92 44 world world NN 3358 92 45 . . . 3358 93 1 The the DT 3358 93 2 open open JJ 3358 93 3 - - HYPH 3358 93 4 source source NN 3358 93 5 MySQL mysql NN 3358 93 6 database database NN 3358 93 7 , , , 3358 93 8 recently recently RB 3358 93 9 upgraded upgrade VBN 3358 93 10 to to TO 3358 93 11 allow allow VB 3358 93 12 storage storage NN 3358 93 13 of of IN 3358 93 14 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 93 15 data datum NNS 3358 93 16 , , , 3358 93 17 was be VBD 3358 93 18 already already RB 3358 93 19 in in IN 3358 93 20 use use NN 3358 93 21 for for IN 3358 93 22 storing store VBG 3358 93 23 metadata metadata NN 3358 93 24 . . . 3358 94 1 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 94 2 ’s ’s POS 3358 94 3 Web web NN 3358 94 4 applications application NNS 3358 94 5 run run VB 3358 94 6 on on IN 3358 94 7 Apache Apache NNP 3358 94 8 HTTP HTTP NNP 3358 94 9 and and CC 3358 94 10 Tomcat Tomcat NNP 3358 94 11 Web Web NNP 3358 94 12 servers server NNS 3358 94 13 , , , 3358 94 14 both both DT 3358 94 15 of of IN 3358 94 16 which which WDT 3358 94 17 are be VBP 3358 94 18 freely freely RB 3358 94 19 available available JJ 3358 94 20 and and CC 3358 94 21 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 94 22 - - HYPH 3358 94 23 compliant compliant JJ 3358 94 24 . . . 3358 95 1 However however RB 3358 95 2 , , , 3358 95 3 both both CC 3358 95 4 the the DT 3358 95 5 Web web NN 3358 95 6 site site NN 3358 95 7 and and CC 3358 95 8 the the DT 3358 95 9 database database NN 3358 95 10 had have VBD 3358 95 11 to to TO 3358 95 12 be be VB 3358 95 13 internationalized internationalize VBN 3358 95 14 and and CC 3358 95 15 localized localize VBN 3358 95 16 to to TO 3358 95 17 separate separate VB 3358 95 18 the the DT 3358 95 19 template template NN 3358 95 20 for for IN 3358 95 21 metadata metadata NN 3358 95 22 pres- pres- IN 3358 95 23 entation entation NN 3358 95 24 from from IN 3358 95 25 the the DT 3358 95 26 content content NN 3358 95 27 in in IN 3358 95 28 different different JJ 3358 95 29 languages language NNS 3358 95 30 . . . 3358 96 1 A a DT 3358 96 2 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 96 3 - - HYPH 3358 96 4 compliant compliant JJ 3358 96 5 database database NN 3358 96 6 driver driver NN 3358 96 7 was be VBD 3358 96 8 necessary necessary JJ 3358 96 9 for for IN 3358 96 10 passing pass VBG 3358 96 11 information information NN 3358 96 12 between between IN 3358 96 13 the the DT 3358 96 14 database database NN 3358 96 15 and and CC 3358 96 16 the the DT 3358 96 17 Web web NN 3358 96 18 site site NN 3358 96 19 . . . 3358 97 1 Both both DT 3358 97 2 the the DT 3358 97 3 public public NN 3358 97 4 and and CC 3358 97 5 metadata metadata NN 3358 97 6 Web web NN 3358 97 7 - - HYPH 3358 97 8 site site NN 3358 97 9 applications application NNS 3358 97 10 are be VBP 3358 97 11 written write VBN 3358 97 12 using use VBG 3358 97 13 freely freely RB 3358 97 14 available available JJ 3358 97 15 Java Java NNP 3358 97 16 Servlet Servlet NNP 3358 97 17 technology technology NN 3358 97 18 . . . 3358 98 1 The the DT 3358 98 2 Java Java NNP 3358 98 3 language language NN 3358 98 4 is be VBZ 3358 98 5 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 98 6 - - HYPH 3358 98 7 compliant compliant JJ 3358 98 8 , , , 3358 98 9 but but CC 3358 98 10 some some DT 3358 98 11 adjustments adjustment NNS 3358 98 12 had have VBD 3358 98 13 to to TO 3358 98 14 be be VB 3358 98 15 made make VBN 3358 98 16 to to IN 3358 98 17 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 98 18 ’s ’s POS 3358 98 19 servlet servlet NN 3358 98 20 code code NN 3358 98 21 to to TO 3358 98 22 force force VB 3358 98 23 it -PRON- PRP 3358 98 24 to to TO 3358 98 25 handle handle VB 3358 98 26 data datum NNS 3358 98 27 using use VBG 3358 98 28 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 98 29 . . . 3358 99 1 To to TO 3358 99 2 allow allow VB 3358 99 3 users user NNS 3358 99 4 to to TO 3358 99 5 conduct conduct VB 3358 99 6 keyword keyword NNP 3358 99 7 searches search NNS 3358 99 8 for for IN 3358 99 9 books book NNS 3358 99 10 in in IN 3358 99 11 the the DT 3358 99 12 public public JJ 3358 99 13 interface interface NN 3358 99 14 , , , 3358 99 15 Apache Apache NNP 3358 99 16 ’s ’s , 3358 99 17 freely freely RB 3358 99 18 available available JJ 3358 99 19 Lucene Lucene NNP 3358 99 20 search search NN 3358 99 21 engine engine NN 3358 99 22 is be VBZ 3358 99 23 used use VBN 3358 99 24 to to TO 3358 99 25 create create VB 3358 99 26 indices index NNS 3358 99 27 of of IN 3358 99 28 book book NN 3358 99 29 meta- meta- JJ 3358 99 30 data datum NNS 3358 99 31 , , , 3358 99 32 which which WDT 3358 99 33 can can MD 3358 99 34 then then RB 3358 99 35 be be VB 3358 99 36 searched search VBN 3358 99 37 . . . 3358 100 1 Lucene Lucene NNP 3358 100 2 is be VBZ 3358 100 3 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 100 4 - - HYPH 3358 100 5 com- com- NN 3358 100 6 pliant pliant NN 3358 100 7 , , , 3358 100 8 but but CC 3358 100 9 a a DT 3358 100 10 separate separate JJ 3358 100 11 index index NN 3358 100 12 for for IN 3358 100 13 each each DT 3358 100 14 language language NN 3358 100 15 had have VBD 3358 100 16 to to TO 3358 100 17 be be VB 3358 100 18 cre- cre- RB 3358 100 19 ated ate VBN 3358 100 20 , , , 3358 100 21 requiring require VBG 3358 100 22 users user NNS 3358 100 23 to to TO 3358 100 24 select select VB 3358 100 25 a a DT 3358 100 26 search search NN 3358 100 27 language language NN 3358 100 28 . . . 3358 101 1 This this DT 3358 101 2 requirement requirement NN 3358 101 3 was be VBD 3358 101 4 necessary necessary JJ 3358 101 5 for for IN 3358 101 6 two two CD 3358 101 7 reasons reason NNS 3358 101 8 : : : 3358 101 9 ( ( -LRB- 3358 101 10 1 1 LS 3358 101 11 ) ) -RRB- 3358 101 12 to to TO 3358 101 13 avoid avoid VB 3358 101 14 confusion confusion NN 3358 101 15 over over IN 3358 101 16 the the DT 3358 101 17 same same JJ 3358 101 18 words word NNS 3358 101 19 with with IN 3358 101 20 different different JJ 3358 101 21 meanings meaning NNS 3358 101 22 ( ( -LRB- 3358 101 23 bra bra NN 3358 101 24 means mean VBZ 3358 101 25 good good JJ 3358 101 26 in in IN 3358 101 27 Swedish Swedish NNP 3358 101 28 ) ) -RRB- 3358 101 29 ; ; : 3358 101 30 and and CC 3358 101 31 ( ( -LRB- 3358 101 32 2 2 LS 3358 101 33 ) ) -RRB- 3358 101 34 different different JJ 3358 101 35 languages language NNS 3358 101 36 have have VBP 3358 101 37 different different JJ 3358 101 38 rules rule NNS 3358 101 39 for for IN 3358 101 40 stopwords stopword NNS 3358 101 41 to to TO 3358 101 42 ignore ignore VB 3358 101 43 ( ( -LRB- 3358 101 44 the the DT 3358 101 45 , , , 3358 101 46 of of IN 3358 101 47 , , , 3358 101 48 a a DT 3358 101 49 in in IN 3358 101 50 English English NNP 3358 101 51 ) ) -RRB- 3358 101 52 , , , 3358 101 53 truncation truncation NN 3358 101 54 of of IN 3358 101 55 similar similar JJ 3358 101 56 words word NNS 3358 101 57 ( ( -LRB- 3358 101 58 cats cat NNS 3358 101 59 has have VBZ 3358 101 60 the the DT 3358 101 61 same same JJ 3358 101 62 root root NN 3358 101 63 as as IN 3358 101 64 cat cat NN 3358 101 65 in in IN 3358 101 66 English English NNP 3358 101 67 ) ) -RRB- 3358 101 68 , , , 3358 101 69 and and CC 3358 101 70 separation separation NN 3358 101 71 of of IN 3358 101 72 characters character NNS 3358 101 73 ( ( -LRB- 3358 101 74 Chinese chinese JJ 3358 101 75 does do VBZ 3358 101 76 not not RB 3358 101 77 put put VB 3358 101 78 white white JJ 3358 101 79 space space NN 3358 101 80 between between IN 3358 101 81 symbols symbol NNS 3358 101 82 ) ) -RRB- 3358 101 83 . . . 3358 102 1 Lucene Lucene NNP 3358 102 2 has have VBZ 3358 102 3 text text NN 3358 102 4 analyzers analyzer NNS 3358 102 5 for for IN 3358 102 6 a a DT 3358 102 7 variety variety NN 3358 102 8 of of IN 3358 102 9 languages language NNS 3358 102 10 that that WDT 3358 102 11 support support VBP 3358 102 12 these these DT 3358 102 13 different different JJ 3358 102 14 conventions convention NNS 3358 102 15 . . . 3358 103 1 For for IN 3358 103 2 languages language NNS 3358 103 3 that that WDT 3358 103 4 Figure Figure NNP 3358 103 5 8 8 CD 3358 103 6 . . . 3358 104 1 ICDL icdl DT 3358 104 2 Metadata Metadata NNP 3358 104 3 Interface interface NN 3358 104 4 with with IN 3358 104 5 Japanese japanese JJ 3358 104 6 Metadata Metadata NNP 3358 104 7 Figure Figure NNP 3358 104 8 7 7 CD 3358 104 9 . . . 3358 105 1 ICDL icdl DT 3358 105 2 Metadata Metadata NNP 3358 105 3 Interface interface NN 3358 105 4 with with IN 3358 105 5 Spanish spanish JJ 3358 105 6 Metadata Metadata NNP 3358 105 7 Lucene Lucene NNP 3358 105 8 does do VBZ 3358 105 9 not not RB 3358 105 10 support support VB 3358 105 11 , , , 3358 105 12 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 105 13 volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 105 14 translated translate VBD 3358 105 15 English english JJ 3358 105 16 stopwords stopword NNS 3358 105 17 , , , 3358 105 18 and and CC 3358 105 19 simple simple JJ 3358 105 20 text text NN 3358 105 21 analyzers analyzer NNS 3358 105 22 were be VBD 3358 105 23 created create VBN 3358 105 24 by by IN 3358 105 25 the the DT 3358 105 26 team team NN 3358 105 27 . . . 3358 106 1 Finally finally RB 3358 106 2 , , , 3358 106 3 HTML html NN 3358 106 4 headers header NNS 3358 106 5 created create VBN 3358 106 6 by by IN 3358 106 7 the the DT 3358 106 8 Java Java NNP 3358 106 9 servlets servlet NNS 3358 106 10 had have VBD 3358 106 11 to to TO 3358 106 12 be be VB 3358 106 13 modified modify VBN 3358 106 14 to to TO 3358 106 15 indicate indicate VB 3358 106 16 that that IN 3358 106 17 the the DT 3358 106 18 content content NN 3358 106 19 being be VBG 3358 106 20 delivered deliver VBN 3358 106 21 to to IN 3358 106 22 users user NNS 3358 106 23 was be VBD 3358 106 24 in in IN 3358 106 25 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 106 26 . . . 3358 107 1 Most Most JJS 3358 107 2 current current JJ 3358 107 3 browsers browser NNS 3358 107 4 and and CC 3358 107 5 operating operating NN 3358 107 6 systems system NNS 3358 107 7 recognize recognize VBP 3358 107 8 and and CC 3358 107 9 handle handle VB 3358 107 10 Web web NN 3358 107 11 pages page NNS 3358 107 12 properly properly RB 3358 107 13 delivered deliver VBN 3358 107 14 in in IN 3358 107 15 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 107 16 . . . 3358 108 1 For for IN 3358 108 2 those those DT 3358 108 3 that that WDT 3358 108 4 do do VBP 3358 108 5 not not RB 3358 108 6 , , , 3358 108 7 help help VB 3358 108 8 pages page NNS 3358 108 9 were be VBD 3358 108 10 created create VBN 3358 108 11 that that WDT 3358 108 12 explain explain VBP 3358 108 13 how how WRB 3358 108 14 to to TO 3358 108 15 configure configure VB 3358 108 16 com- com- NN 3358 108 17 mon mon NN 3358 108 18 browsers browser NNS 3358 108 19 to to TO 3358 108 20 use use VB 3358 108 21 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 108 22 , , , 3358 108 23 and and CC 3358 108 24 how how WRB 3358 108 25 to to TO 3358 108 26 upgrade upgrade VB 3358 108 27 older old JJR 3358 108 28 browsers browser NNS 3358 108 29 that that WDT 3358 108 30 do do VBP 3358 108 31 not not RB 3358 108 32 support support VB 3358 108 33 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 108 34 . . . 3358 109 1 By by IN 3358 109 2 making make VBG 3358 109 3 the the DT 3358 109 4 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 109 5 systems system NNS 3358 109 6 fully fully RB 3358 109 7 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 109 8 - - HYPH 3358 109 9 compli- compli- NN 3358 109 10 ant ant NN 3358 109 11 , , , 3358 109 12 contributors contributor NNS 3358 109 13 from from IN 3358 109 14 all all RB 3358 109 15 over over IN 3358 109 16 the the DT 3358 109 17 world world NN 3358 109 18 can can MD 3358 109 19 enter enter VB 3358 109 20 meta- meta- JJ 3358 109 21 data datum NNS 3358 109 22 about about IN 3358 109 23 books book NNS 3358 109 24 in in IN 3358 109 25 an an DT 3358 109 26 easily easily RB 3358 109 27 accessible accessible JJ 3358 109 28 HTML html NN 3358 109 29 form form NN 3358 109 30 using use VBG 3358 109 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 109 32 native native JJ 3358 109 33 languages language NNS 3358 109 34 , , , 3358 109 35 and and CC 3358 109 36 the the DT 3358 109 37 characters character NNS 3358 109 38 are be VBP 3358 109 39 prop- prop- IN 3358 109 40 erly erly RB 3358 109 41 transmitted transmit VBN 3358 109 42 and and CC 3358 109 43 stored store VBN 3358 109 44 in in IN 3358 109 45 the the DT 3358 109 46 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 109 47 database database NN 3358 109 48 . . . 3358 110 1 Volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 110 2 can can MD 3358 110 3 then then RB 3358 110 4 use use VB 3358 110 5 the the DT 3358 110 6 same same JJ 3358 110 7 form form NN 3358 110 8 to to TO 3358 110 9 translate translate VB 3358 110 10 or or CC 3358 110 11 transliterate transliterate VB 3358 110 12 the the DT 3358 110 13 metadata metadata NN 3358 110 14 as as IN 3358 110 15 necessary necessary JJ 3358 110 16 . . . 3358 111 1 Finally finally RB 3358 111 2 , , , 3358 111 3 this this DT 3358 111 4 infor- infor- JJ 3358 111 5 mation mation NN 3358 111 6 can can MD 3358 111 7 be be VB 3358 111 8 presented present VBN 3358 111 9 to to IN 3358 111 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 3358 111 11 users user NNS 3358 111 12 when when WRB 3358 111 13 they -PRON- PRP 3358 111 14 look look VBP 3358 111 15 at at IN 3358 111 16 books book NNS 3358 111 17 . . . 3358 112 1 For for IN 3358 112 2 example example NN 3358 112 3 the the DT 3358 112 4 book book NN 3358 112 5 Where where WRB 3358 112 6 ’s ’ VBZ 3358 112 7 the the DT 3358 112 8 Bear Bear NNP 3358 112 9 ? ? . 3358 113 1 ( ( -LRB- 3358 113 2 Harris Harris NNP 3358 113 3 , , , 3358 113 4 1997 1997 CD 3358 113 5 ) ) -RRB- 3358 113 6 is be VBZ 3358 113 7 written write VBN 3358 113 8 in in IN 3358 113 9 six six CD 3358 113 10 different different JJ 3358 113 11 languages.29 languages.29 NNP 3358 113 12 The the DT 3358 113 13 original original JJ 3358 113 14 metadata metadata NN 3358 113 15 came come VBD 3358 113 16 in in IN 3358 113 17 English English NNP 3358 113 18 , , , 3358 113 19 but but CC 3358 113 20 ICDL icdl JJ 3358 113 21 volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 113 22 trans- trans- VBP 3358 113 23 lated late VBD 3358 113 24 them -PRON- PRP 3358 113 25 to to IN 3358 113 26 Italian italian JJ 3358 113 27 , , , 3358 113 28 Japanese japanese JJ 3358 113 29 , , , 3358 113 30 French french JJ 3358 113 31 , , , 3358 113 32 Spanish spanish JJ 3358 113 33 , , , 3358 113 34 and and CC 3358 113 35 German German NNP 3358 113 36 . . . 3358 114 1 Users user NNS 3358 114 2 looking look VBG 3358 114 3 at at IN 3358 114 4 the the DT 3358 114 5 preview preview NN 3358 114 6 page page NN 3358 114 7 for for IN 3358 114 8 this this DT 3358 114 9 book book NN 3358 114 10 in in IN 3358 114 11 the the DT 3358 114 12 library library NN 3358 114 13 have have VBP 3358 114 14 the the DT 3358 114 15 opportunity opportunity NN 3358 114 16 to to TO 3358 114 17 change change VB 3358 114 18 the the DT 3358 114 19 display display NN 3358 114 20 language language NN 3358 114 21 of of IN 3358 114 22 the the DT 3358 114 23 book book NN 3358 114 24 to to IN 3358 114 25 any any DT 3358 114 26 one one CD 3358 114 27 of of IN 3358 114 28 these these DT 3358 114 29 languages language NNS 3358 114 30 using use VBG 3358 114 31 a a DT 3358 114 32 pull pull VB 3358 114 33 - - HYPH 3358 114 34 down down NN 3358 114 35 menu menu NN 3358 114 36 ( ( -LRB- 3358 114 37 figures figure NNS 3358 114 38 9 9 CD 3358 114 39 and and CC 3358 114 40 10 10 CD 3358 114 41 ) ) -RRB- 3358 114 42 . . . 3358 115 1 Currently currently RB 3358 115 2 , , , 3358 115 3 only only RB 3358 115 4 the the DT 3358 115 5 book book NN 3358 115 6 metadata metadata NN 3358 115 7 language language NN 3358 115 8 can can MD 3358 115 9 be be VB 3358 115 10 changed change VBN 3358 115 11 , , , 3358 115 12 but but CC 3358 115 13 in in IN 3358 115 14 the the DT 3358 115 15 next next JJ 3358 115 16 stage stage NN 3358 115 17 of of IN 3358 115 18 development development NN 3358 115 19 , , , 3358 115 20 all all DT 3358 115 21 of of IN 3358 115 22 the the DT 3358 115 23 surrounding surround VBG 3358 115 24 interface interface NN 3358 115 25 text text NN 3358 115 26 ( ( -LRB- 3358 115 27 navigation navigation NN 3358 115 28 , , , 3358 115 29 labels label NNS 3358 115 30 ) ) -RRB- 3358 115 31 will will MD 3358 115 32 be be VB 3358 115 33 translated translate VBN 3358 115 34 to to IN 3358 115 35 different different JJ 3358 115 36 languages language NNS 3358 115 37 as as RB 3358 115 38 well well RB 3358 115 39 . . . 3358 116 1 The the DT 3358 116 2 plan plan NN 3358 116 3 for for IN 3358 116 4 doing do VBG 3358 116 5 this this DT 3358 116 6 is be VBZ 3358 116 7 to to TO 3358 116 8 take take VB 3358 116 9 a a DT 3358 116 10 similar similar JJ 3358 116 11 approach approach NN 3358 116 12 to to IN 3358 116 13 the the DT 3358 116 14 CITIDEL CITIDEL NNP 3358 116 15 and and CC 3358 116 16 Greenstone Greenstone NNP 3358 116 17 projects project NNS 3358 116 18 by by IN 3358 116 19 creating create VBG 3358 116 20 a a DT 3358 116 21 Web web NN 3358 116 22 site site NN 3358 116 23 where where WRB 3358 116 24 volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 116 25 can can MD 3358 116 26 translate translate VB 3358 116 27 words word NNS 3358 116 28 and and CC 3358 116 29 phrases phrase NNS 3358 116 30 from from IN 3358 116 31 the the DT 3358 116 32 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 116 33 interface interface NN 3358 116 34 into into IN 3358 116 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 116 36 native native JJ 3358 116 37 language.30 language.30 NNP 3358 116 38 Like like IN 3358 116 39 the the DT 3358 116 40 cre- cre- NN 3358 116 41 ators ator NNS 3358 116 42 of of IN 3358 116 43 CITIDEL CITIDEL NNP 3358 116 44 , , , 3358 116 45 the the DT 3358 116 46 team team NN 3358 116 47 believes believe VBZ 3358 116 48 that that IN 3358 116 49 machine machine NN 3358 116 50 - - HYPH 3358 116 51 based base VBN 3358 116 52 translation translation NN 3358 116 53 would would MD 3358 116 54 not not RB 3358 116 55 provide provide VB 3358 116 56 good good JJ 3358 116 57 enough enough JJ 3358 116 58 results result NNS 3358 116 59 . . . 3358 117 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 3358 117 2 , , , 3358 117 3 the the DT 3358 117 4 resources resource NNS 3358 117 5 do do VBP 3358 117 6 not not RB 3358 117 7 exist exist VB 3358 117 8 for for IN 3358 117 9 the the DT 3358 117 10 team team NN 3358 117 11 to to TO 3358 117 12 do do VB 3358 117 13 the the DT 3358 117 14 translating translating NN 3358 117 15 themselves -PRON- PRP 3358 117 16 . . . 3358 118 1 Encouraging encourage VBG 3358 118 2 volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 118 3 to to TO 3358 118 4 translate translate VB 3358 118 5 the the DT 3358 118 6 site site NN 3358 118 7 will will MD 3358 118 8 help help VB 3358 118 9 enlarge enlarge VB 3358 118 10 and and CC 3358 118 11 enrich enrich VB 3358 118 12 the the DT 3358 118 13 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 118 14 community community NN 3358 118 15 . . . 3358 119 1 For for IN 3358 119 2 languages language NNS 3358 119 3 that that WDT 3358 119 4 do do VBP 3358 119 5 not not RB 3358 119 6 receive receive VB 3358 119 7 vol- vol- JJ 3358 119 8 unteer unteer JJ 3358 119 9 translation translation NN 3358 119 10 , , , 3358 119 11 translation translation NN 3358 119 12 services service NNS 3358 119 13 are be VBP 3358 119 14 an an DT 3358 119 15 affordable affordable JJ 3358 119 16 alternative alternative NN 3358 119 17 . . . 3358 120 1 ■ ■ NFP 3358 120 2 Character Character NNP 3358 120 3 - - HYPH 3358 120 4 Set Set NNP 3358 120 5 Complications Complications NNPS 3358 120 6 Several several JJ 3358 120 7 issues issue NNS 3358 120 8 have have VBP 3358 120 9 arisen arise VBN 3358 120 10 as as IN 3358 120 11 a a DT 3358 120 12 result result NN 3358 120 13 of of IN 3358 120 14 collecting collect VBG 3358 120 15 multi- multi- JJ 3358 120 16 lingual lingual JJ 3358 120 17 metadata metadata NN 3358 120 18 in in IN 3358 120 19 many many JJ 3358 120 20 character character NN 3358 120 21 sets set NNS 3358 120 22 . . . 3358 121 1 First first JJ 3358 121 2 , , , 3358 121 3 different different JJ 3358 121 4 countries country NNS 3358 121 5 use use VBP 3358 121 6 different different JJ 3358 121 7 formats format NNS 3358 121 8 for for IN 3358 121 9 dates date NNS 3358 121 10 and and CC 3358 121 11 times time NNS 3358 121 12 , , , 3358 121 13 so so RB 3358 121 14 contributors contributor NNS 3358 121 15 are be VBP 3358 121 16 allowed allow VBN 3358 121 17 to to TO 3358 121 18 specify specify VB 3358 121 19 the the DT 3358 121 20 calendar calendar NN 3358 121 21 used use VBN 3358 121 22 when when WRB 3358 121 23 they -PRON- PRP 3358 121 24 enter enter VBP 3358 121 25 date date NN 3358 121 26 information information NN 3358 121 27 ( ( -LRB- 3358 121 28 Muslim Muslim NNP 3358 121 29 or or CC 3358 121 30 Julian Julian NNP 3358 121 31 ) ) -RRB- 3358 121 32 . . . 3358 122 1 Second second JJ 3358 122 2 , , , 3358 122 3 not not RB 3358 122 4 only only RB 3358 122 5 do do VBP 3358 122 6 different different JJ 3358 122 7 countries country NNS 3358 122 8 use use VB 3358 122 9 different different JJ 3358 122 10 for- for- NN 3358 122 11 mats mat NNS 3358 122 12 for for IN 3358 122 13 numbers number NNS 3358 122 14 , , , 3358 122 15 the the DT 3358 122 16 numbers number NNS 3358 122 17 themselves -PRON- PRP 3358 122 18 are be VBP 3358 122 19 also also RB 3358 122 20 dif- dif- RB 3358 122 21 ferent ferent JJ 3358 122 22 . . . 3358 123 1 For for IN 3358 123 2 example example NN 3358 123 3 , , , 3358 123 4 the the DT 3358 123 5 Arabic arabic JJ 3358 123 6 numbers number NNS 3358 123 7 for for IN 3358 123 8 1 1 CD 3358 123 9 , , , 3358 123 10 2 2 CD 3358 123 11 , , , 3358 123 12 3 3 CD 3358 123 13 are be VBP 3358 123 14 Even even RB 3358 123 15 though though IN 3358 123 16 Java Java NNP 3358 123 17 is be VBZ 3358 123 18 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 123 19 - - HYPH 3358 123 20 compliant compliant JJ 3358 123 21 , , , 3358 123 22 it -PRON- PRP 3358 123 23 treats treat VBZ 3358 123 24 numbers number NNS 3358 123 25 as as IN 3358 123 26 Latin latin JJ 3358 123 27 characters character NNS 3358 123 28 , , , 3358 123 29 necessitating necessitate VBG 3358 123 30 the the DT 3358 123 31 stor- stor- JJ 3358 123 32 ing ing NN 3358 123 33 of of IN 3358 123 34 Latin latin JJ 3358 123 35 versions version NNS 3358 123 36 of of IN 3358 123 37 any any DT 3358 123 38 non non JJ 3358 123 39 - - JJ 3358 123 40 Latin latin JJ 3358 123 41 numbers number NNS 3358 123 42 used use VBN 3358 123 43 internally internally RB 3358 123 44 by by IN 3358 123 45 the the DT 3358 123 46 software software NN 3358 123 47 for for IN 3358 123 48 calculations calculation NNS 3358 123 49 , , , 3358 123 50 such such JJ 3358 123 51 as as IN 3358 123 52 book- book- NN 3358 123 53 page page NN 3358 123 54 count count NN 3358 123 55 . . . 3358 124 1 A a DT 3358 124 2 third third JJ 3358 124 3 issue issue NN 3358 124 4 is be VBZ 3358 124 5 that that IN 3358 124 6 some some DT 3358 124 7 of of IN 3358 124 8 the the DT 3358 124 9 metadata metadata NN 3358 124 10 , , , 3358 124 11 such such JJ 3358 124 12 as as IN 3358 124 13 author author NN 3358 124 14 and and CC 3358 124 15 illustrator illustrator NN 3358 124 16 names name NNS 3358 124 17 , , , 3358 124 18 need need VBP 3358 124 19 to to TO 3358 124 20 be be VB 3358 124 21 transliterated transliterate VBN 3358 124 22 so so IN 3358 124 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 124 24 values value NNS 3358 124 25 can can MD 3358 124 26 be be VB 3358 124 27 displayed display VBN 3358 124 28 when when WRB 3358 124 29 the the DT 3358 124 30 metadata metadata NN 3358 124 31 are be VBP 3358 124 32 shown show VBN 3358 124 33 in in IN 3358 124 34 a a DT 3358 124 35 Latin Latin NNP 3358 124 36 - - HYPH 3358 124 37 based base VBN 3358 124 38 language language NN 3358 124 39 . . . 3358 125 1 Ideally ideally RB 3358 125 2 , , , 3358 125 3 the the DT 3358 125 4 translitera- translitera- NN 3358 125 5 tion tion NN 3358 125 6 standards standard NNS 3358 125 7 used use VBN 3358 125 8 for for IN 3358 125 9 a a DT 3358 125 10 language language NN 3358 125 11 need need NN 3358 125 12 to to TO 3358 125 13 be be VB 3358 125 14 consistent consistent JJ 3358 125 15 so so IN 3358 125 16 that that IN 3358 125 17 the the DT 3358 125 18 same same JJ 3358 125 19 values value NNS 3358 125 20 are be VBP 3358 125 21 always always RB 3358 125 22 transliterated transliterate VBN 3358 125 23 the the DT 3358 125 24 same same JJ 3358 125 25 way way NN 3358 125 26 . . . 3358 126 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 3358 126 2 , , , 3358 126 3 the the DT 3358 126 4 team team NN 3358 126 5 has have VBZ 3358 126 6 found find VBN 3358 126 7 no no DT 3358 126 8 practical practical JJ 3358 126 9 way way NN 3358 126 10 to to TO 3358 126 11 enforce enforce VB 3358 126 12 this this DT 3358 126 13 , , , 3358 126 14 except except IN 3358 126 15 to to TO 3358 126 16 state state VB 3358 126 17 the the DT 3358 126 18 standard standard NN 3358 126 19 to to TO 3358 126 20 be be VB 3358 126 21 used use VBN 3358 126 22 in in IN 3358 126 23 ICDL icdl JJ 3358 126 24 metadata metadata NN 3358 126 25 specification specification NN 3358 126 26 . . . 3358 127 1 When when WRB 3358 127 2 different different JJ 3358 127 3 standards standard NNS 3358 127 4 are be VBP 3358 127 5 used use VBN 3358 127 6 , , , 3358 127 7 it -PRON- PRP 3358 127 8 makes make VBZ 3358 127 9 comparison comparison NN 3358 127 10 of of IN 3358 127 11 equal equal JJ 3358 127 12 items item NNS 3358 127 13 much much RB 3358 127 14 more more RBR 3358 127 15 difficult difficult JJ 3358 127 16 . . . 3358 128 1 For for IN 3358 128 2 example example NN 3358 128 3 , , , 3358 128 4 the the DT 3358 128 5 same same JJ 3358 128 6 Persian Persian NNP 3358 128 7 / / SYM 3358 128 8 Farsi Farsi NNP 3358 128 9 creator creator NN 3358 128 10 has have VBZ 3358 128 11 been be VBN 3358 128 12 Figure figure NN 3358 128 13 10 10 CD 3358 128 14 . . . 3358 129 1 Where where WRB 3358 129 2 ’s ’s NN 3358 129 3 the the DT 3358 129 4 Bear Bear NNP 3358 129 5 ? ? . 3358 130 1 in in IN 3358 130 2 Japanese Japanese NNP 3358 130 3 Figure Figure NNP 3358 130 4 9 9 CD 3358 130 5 . . . 3358 131 1 Where where WRB 3358 131 2 ’s ’s NN 3358 131 3 the the DT 3358 131 4 Bear Bear NNP 3358 131 5 ? ? . 3358 132 1 in in IN 3358 132 2 English English NNP 3358 132 3 THE the DT 3358 132 4 INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL NNP 3358 132 5 CHILDREN child NNS 3358 132 6 ’S ’s POS 3358 132 7 DIGITAL DIGITAL NNP 3358 132 8 LIBRARY LIBRARY NNP 3358 132 9 | | NNP 3358 132 10 HUTCHINSON HUTCHINSON NNP 3358 132 11 , , , 3358 132 12 ROSE ROSE NNP 3358 132 13 , , , 3358 132 14 BEDERSON BEDERSON NNP 3358 132 15 , , , 3358 132 16 WEEKS weeks NN 3358 132 17 , , , 3358 132 18 AND and CC 3358 132 19 DRUIN DRUIN NNP 3358 132 20 9 9 CD 3358 132 21 10 10 CD 3358 132 22 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNS 3358 132 23 TECHNOLOGY technology NN 3358 132 24 AND and CC 3358 132 25 LIBRARIES library NNS 3358 132 26 | | NNP 3358 132 27 MARCH MARCH NNP 3358 132 28 2005 2005 CD 3358 132 29 transliterated transliterate VBD 3358 132 30 as as IN 3358 132 31 both both DT 3358 132 32 “ " `` 3358 132 33 Hormoz Hormoz NNP 3358 132 34 Riyaahi Riyaahi NNP 3358 132 35 ” " '' 3358 132 36 and and CC 3358 132 37 “ " `` 3358 132 38 Hormoz Hormoz NNP 3358 132 39 Riahi Riahi NNP 3358 132 40 . . . 3358 132 41 ” " '' 3358 132 42 It -PRON- PRP 3358 132 43 can can MD 3358 132 44 not not RB 3358 132 45 be be VB 3358 132 46 assumed assume VBN 3358 132 47 that that IN 3358 132 48 a a DT 3358 132 49 person person NN 3358 132 50 is be VBZ 3358 132 51 the the DT 3358 132 52 same same JJ 3358 132 53 just just RB 3358 132 54 because because IN 3358 132 55 the the DT 3358 132 56 name name NN 3358 132 57 is be VBZ 3358 132 58 the the DT 3358 132 59 same same JJ 3358 132 60 ( ( -LRB- 3358 132 61 John John NNP 3358 132 62 Smith Smith NNP 3358 132 63 ) ) -RRB- 3358 132 64 , , , 3358 132 65 and and CC 3358 132 66 when when WRB 3358 132 67 a a DT 3358 132 68 name name NN 3358 132 69 is be VBZ 3358 132 70 in in IN 3358 132 71 a a DT 3358 132 72 character character NN 3358 132 73 set set VBN 3358 132 74 that that IN 3358 132 75 the the DT 3358 132 76 team team NN 3358 132 77 can can MD 3358 132 78 not not RB 3358 132 79 understand understand VB 3358 132 80 , , , 3358 132 81 this this DT 3358 132 82 problem problem NN 3358 132 83 becomes become VBZ 3358 132 84 more more RBR 3358 132 85 challenging challenging JJ 3358 132 86 . . . 3358 133 1 Finally finally RB 3358 133 2 , , , 3358 133 3 there there EX 3358 133 4 was be VBD 3358 133 5 the the DT 3358 133 6 question question NN 3358 133 7 of of IN 3358 133 8 how how WRB 3358 133 9 to to TO 3358 133 10 handle handle VB 3358 133 11 dif- dif- RB 3358 133 12 ferences ference NNS 3358 133 13 in in IN 3358 133 14 character character NN 3358 133 15 - - HYPH 3358 133 16 set set VBN 3358 133 17 length length NN 3358 133 18 and and CC 3358 133 19 direction direction NN 3358 133 20 in in IN 3358 133 21 the the DT 3358 133 22 inter- inter- NN 3358 133 23 face face NN 3358 133 24 . . . 3358 134 1 Different different JJ 3358 134 2 languages language NNS 3358 134 3 use use VBP 3358 134 4 different different JJ 3358 134 5 numbers number NNS 3358 134 6 of of IN 3358 134 7 characters character NNS 3358 134 8 to to TO 3358 134 9 present present VB 3358 134 10 the the DT 3358 134 11 same same JJ 3358 134 12 text text NN 3358 134 13 . . . 3358 135 1 ICDL icdl JJ 3358 135 2 screens screen NNS 3358 135 3 had have VBD 3358 135 4 to to TO 3358 135 5 be be VB 3358 135 6 designed design VBN 3358 135 7 in in IN 3358 135 8 such such PDT 3358 135 9 a a DT 3358 135 10 way way NN 3358 135 11 that that WDT 3358 135 12 the the DT 3358 135 13 metadata metadata NN 3358 135 14 in in IN 3358 135 15 languages language NNS 3358 135 16 with with IN 3358 135 17 longer long JJR 3358 135 18 or or CC 3358 135 19 shorter short JJR 3358 135 20 representations representation NNS 3358 135 21 than than IN 3358 135 22 the the DT 3358 135 23 English english JJ 3358 135 24 version version NN 3358 135 25 would would MD 3358 135 26 still still RB 3358 135 27 fit fit VB 3358 135 28 . . . 3358 136 1 The the DT 3358 136 2 team team NN 3358 136 3 anticipates anticipate VBZ 3358 136 4 having have VBG 3358 136 5 to to TO 3358 136 6 make make VB 3358 136 7 additional additional JJ 3358 136 8 interface interface NN 3358 136 9 changes change NNS 3358 136 10 to to TO 3358 136 11 accommodate accommodate VB 3358 136 12 longer long JJR 3358 136 13 labels label NNS 3358 136 14 and and CC 3358 136 15 navigational navigational JJ 3358 136 16 aids aid NNS 3358 136 17 when when WRB 3358 136 18 the the DT 3358 136 19 remainder remainder NN 3358 136 20 of of IN 3358 136 21 the the DT 3358 136 22 interface interface NN 3358 136 23 is be VBZ 3358 136 24 translated translate VBN 3358 136 25 . . . 3358 137 1 The the DT 3358 137 2 fact fact NN 3358 137 3 also also RB 3358 137 4 had have VBD 3358 137 5 to to TO 3358 137 6 be be VB 3358 137 7 considered consider VBN 3358 137 8 that that IN 3358 137 9 , , , 3358 137 10 while while IN 3358 137 11 most most JJS 3358 137 12 lan- lan- JJ 3358 137 13 guages guage NNS 3358 137 14 are be VBP 3358 137 15 read read VBN 3358 137 16 left left JJ 3358 137 17 to to IN 3358 137 18 right right NN 3358 137 19 , , , 3358 137 20 a a DT 3358 137 21 few few JJ 3358 137 22 ( ( -LRB- 3358 137 23 Arabic arabic JJ 3358 137 24 and and CC 3358 137 25 Hebrew hebrew JJ 3358 137 26 ) ) -RRB- 3358 137 27 are be VBP 3358 137 28 read read VBN 3358 137 29 right right RB 3358 137 30 to to IN 3358 137 31 left left NN 3358 137 32 . . . 3358 138 1 As as IN 3358 138 2 a a DT 3358 138 3 result result NN 3358 138 4 , , , 3358 138 5 screens screen NNS 3358 138 6 were be VBD 3358 138 7 designed design VBN 3358 138 8 so so IN 3358 138 9 that that DT 3358 138 10 book book NN 3358 138 11 metadata metadata NN 3358 138 12 were be VBD 3358 138 13 reasonably reasonably RB 3358 138 14 presented present VBN 3358 138 15 in in IN 3358 138 16 either either DT 3358 138 17 direc- direc- NNP 3358 138 18 tion tion NN 3358 138 19 . . . 3358 139 1 Currently currently RB 3358 139 2 , , , 3358 139 3 only only RB 3358 139 4 the the DT 3358 139 5 text text NN 3358 139 6 is be VBZ 3358 139 7 displayed display VBN 3358 139 8 right right JJ 3358 139 9 to to IN 3358 139 10 left left NN 3358 139 11 , , , 3358 139 12 but but CC 3358 139 13 eventually eventually RB 3358 139 14 the the DT 3358 139 15 goal goal NN 3358 139 16 is be VBZ 3358 139 17 to to TO 3358 139 18 mirror mirror VB 3358 139 19 the the DT 3358 139 20 entire entire JJ 3358 139 21 interface interface NN 3358 139 22 to to TO 3358 139 23 be be VB 3358 139 24 oriented orient VBN 3358 139 25 right right RB 3358 139 26 to to IN 3358 139 27 left left NN 3358 139 28 when when WRB 3358 139 29 content content NN 3358 139 30 is be VBZ 3358 139 31 shown show VBN 3358 139 32 in in IN 3358 139 33 right right NN 3358 139 34 - - HYPH 3358 139 35 to to IN 3358 139 36 - - HYPH 3358 139 37 left left JJ 3358 139 38 languages language NNS 3358 139 39 . . . 3358 140 1 For for IN 3358 140 2 the the DT 3358 140 3 problem problem NN 3358 140 4 of of IN 3358 140 5 how how WRB 3358 140 6 to to TO 3358 140 7 handle handle VB 3358 140 8 the the DT 3358 140 9 arrows arrow NNS 3358 140 10 for for IN 3358 140 11 turning turn VBG 3358 140 12 pages page NNS 3358 140 13 in in IN 3358 140 14 right right NN 3358 140 15 - - HYPH 3358 140 16 to to IN 3358 140 17 - - HYPH 3358 140 18 left left JJ 3358 140 19 languages language NNS 3358 140 20 — — : 3358 140 21 since since IN 3358 140 22 these these DT 3358 140 23 arrows arrow NNS 3358 140 24 could could MD 3358 140 25 be be VB 3358 140 26 interpreted interpret VBN 3358 140 27 as as IN 3358 140 28 either either DT 3358 140 29 “ " `` 3358 140 30 previous previous JJ 3358 140 31 ” " '' 3358 140 32 and and CC 3358 140 33 “ " `` 3358 140 34 next next JJ 3358 140 35 ” " '' 3358 140 36 or or CC 3358 140 37 “ " `` 3358 140 38 left leave VBN 3358 140 39 ” " '' 3358 140 40 and and CC 3358 140 41 “ " `` 3358 140 42 right”—“previous right”—“previous JJ 3358 140 43 ” " '' 3358 140 44 and and CC 3358 140 45 “ " `` 3358 140 46 next next JJ 3358 140 47 ” " '' 3358 140 48 were be VBD 3358 140 49 chosen choose VBN 3358 140 50 for for IN 3358 140 51 consistency consistency NN 3358 140 52 , , , 3358 140 53 so so IN 3358 140 54 they -PRON- PRP 3358 140 55 work work VBP 3358 140 56 the the DT 3358 140 57 same same JJ 3358 140 58 way way NN 3358 140 59 in in IN 3358 140 60 left- left- NNP 3358 140 61 to to IN 3358 140 62 - - HYPH 3358 140 63 right right JJ 3358 140 64 books book NNS 3358 140 65 and and CC 3358 140 66 right right NN 3358 140 67 - - HYPH 3358 140 68 to to IN 3358 140 69 - - HYPH 3358 140 70 left left JJ 3358 140 71 books book NNS 3358 140 72 . . . 3358 141 1 ■ ■ NFP 3358 141 2 Font Font NNP 3358 141 3 Complications Complications NNPS 3358 141 4 While while IN 3358 141 5 most most JJS 3358 141 6 current current JJ 3358 141 7 browsers browser NNS 3358 141 8 and and CC 3358 141 9 operating operating NN 3358 141 10 systems system NNS 3358 141 11 rec- rec- NN 3358 141 12 ognize ognize JJ 3358 141 13 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 141 14 characters character NNS 3358 141 15 , , , 3358 141 16 whether whether IN 3358 141 17 or or CC 3358 141 18 not not RB 3358 141 19 the the DT 3358 141 20 characters character NNS 3358 141 21 are be VBP 3358 141 22 displayed display VBN 3358 141 23 properly properly RB 3358 141 24 depends depend VBZ 3358 141 25 on on IN 3358 141 26 whether whether IN 3358 141 27 users user NNS 3358 141 28 have have VBP 3358 141 29 appropriate appropriate JJ 3358 141 30 fonts font NNS 3358 141 31 installed instal VBN 3358 141 32 on on IN 3358 141 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 141 34 computers computer NNS 3358 141 35 . . . 3358 142 1 For for IN 3358 142 2 instance instance NN 3358 142 3 , , , 3358 142 4 a a DT 3358 142 5 user user NN 3358 142 6 looking look VBG 3358 142 7 at at IN 3358 142 8 Where where WRB 3358 142 9 ’s ’s NN 3358 142 10 the the DT 3358 142 11 Bear Bear NNP 3358 142 12 ? ? . 3358 143 1 and and CC 3358 143 2 choosing choose VBG 3358 143 3 to to TO 3358 143 4 display display VB 3358 143 5 the the DT 3358 143 6 metadata metadata NN 3358 143 7 in in IN 3358 143 8 Japanese Japanese NNP 3358 143 9 will will MD 3358 143 10 see see VB 3358 143 11 the the DT 3358 143 12 Japanese japanese JJ 3358 143 13 metadata metadata NN 3358 143 14 only only RB 3358 143 15 if if IN 3358 143 16 the the DT 3358 143 17 computer computer NN 3358 143 18 has have VBZ 3358 143 19 a a DT 3358 143 20 font font NN 3358 143 21 installed instal VBN 3358 143 22 that that WDT 3358 143 23 includes include VBZ 3358 143 24 Japanese japanese JJ 3358 143 25 characters character NNS 3358 143 26 . . . 3358 144 1 Otherwise otherwise RB 3358 144 2 , , , 3358 144 3 depending depend VBG 3358 144 4 on on IN 3358 144 5 the the DT 3358 144 6 browser browser NN 3358 144 7 and and CC 3358 144 8 operating operating NN 3358 144 9 system system NN 3358 144 10 , , , 3358 144 11 he -PRON- PRP 3358 144 12 may may MD 3358 144 13 see see VB 3358 144 14 question question NN 3358 144 15 marks mark NNS 3358 144 16 , , , 3358 144 17 square square JJ 3358 144 18 boxes box NNS 3358 144 19 , , , 3358 144 20 or or CC 3358 144 21 nothing nothing NN 3358 144 22 at at RB 3358 144 23 all all RB 3358 144 24 instead instead RB 3358 144 25 of of IN 3358 144 26 the the DT 3358 144 27 Japanese japanese JJ 3358 144 28 characters character NNS 3358 144 29 . . . 3358 145 1 The the DT 3358 145 2 good good JJ 3358 145 3 news news NN 3358 145 4 is be VBZ 3358 145 5 that that IN 3358 145 6 many many JJ 3358 145 7 users user NNS 3358 145 8 will will MD 3358 145 9 never never RB 3358 145 10 face face VB 3358 145 11 this this DT 3358 145 12 problem problem NN 3358 145 13 . . . 3358 146 1 The the DT 3358 146 2 interface interface NN 3358 146 3 for for IN 3358 146 4 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 146 5 is be VBZ 3358 146 6 presented present VBN 3358 146 7 in in IN 3358 146 8 English English NNP 3358 146 9 ( ( -LRB- 3358 146 10 until until IN 3358 146 11 it -PRON- PRP 3358 146 12 is be VBZ 3358 146 13 translated translate VBN 3358 146 14 to to IN 3358 146 15 other other JJ 3358 146 16 languages language NNS 3358 146 17 ) ) -RRB- 3358 146 18 . . . 3358 147 1 Since since IN 3358 147 2 most most JJS 3358 147 3 operating operating NN 3358 147 4 systems system NNS 3358 147 5 come come VBP 3358 147 6 with with IN 3358 147 7 fonts font NNS 3358 147 8 that that WDT 3358 147 9 can can MD 3358 147 10 display display VB 3358 147 11 English english JJ 3358 147 12 characters character NNS 3358 147 13 , , , 3358 147 14 the the DT 3358 147 15 team team NN 3358 147 16 has have VBZ 3358 147 17 metadata metadata NN 3358 147 18 in in IN 3358 147 19 English English NNP 3358 147 20 ( ( -LRB- 3358 147 21 always always RB 3358 147 22 presented present VBN 3358 147 23 first first RB 3358 147 24 by by IN 3358 147 25 default default NN 3358 147 26 ) ) -RRB- 3358 147 27 for for IN 3358 147 28 nearly nearly RB 3358 147 29 all all PDT 3358 147 30 the the DT 3358 147 31 books book NNS 3358 147 32 . . . 3358 148 1 Users user NNS 3358 148 2 who who WP 3358 148 3 choose choose VBP 3358 148 4 to to TO 3358 148 5 display display VB 3358 148 6 book book NN 3358 148 7 metadata metadata NN 3358 148 8 in in IN 3358 148 9 another another DT 3358 148 10 language language NN 3358 148 11 are be VBP 3358 148 12 likely likely JJ 3358 148 13 to to TO 3358 148 14 do do VB 3358 148 15 so so RB 3358 148 16 because because IN 3358 148 17 they -PRON- PRP 3358 148 18 actu- actu- VBD 3358 148 19 ally ally NN 3358 148 20 can can MD 3358 148 21 read read VB 3358 148 22 that that DT 3358 148 23 language language NN 3358 148 24 , , , 3358 148 25 and and CC 3358 148 26 therefore therefore RB 3358 148 27 are be VBP 3358 148 28 likely likely JJ 3358 148 29 to to TO 3358 148 30 have have VB 3358 148 31 fonts font NNS 3358 148 32 installed instal VBN 3358 148 33 for for IN 3358 148 34 displaying display VBG 3358 148 35 that that DT 3358 148 36 language language NN 3358 148 37 . . . 3358 149 1 Furthermore furthermore RB 3358 149 2 , , , 3358 149 3 many many JJ 3358 149 4 commonly commonly RB 3358 149 5 used use VBN 3358 149 6 software software NN 3358 149 7 packages package NNS 3358 149 8 , , , 3358 149 9 such such JJ 3358 149 10 as as IN 3358 149 11 Microsoft Microsoft NNP 3358 149 12 Office Office NNP 3358 149 13 , , , 3358 149 14 come come VB 3358 149 15 with with IN 3358 149 16 fonts font NNS 3358 149 17 for for IN 3358 149 18 many many JJ 3358 149 19 lan- lan- NN 3358 149 20 guages guage NNS 3358 149 21 . . . 3358 150 1 As as IN 3358 150 2 a a DT 3358 150 3 result result NN 3358 150 4 , , , 3358 150 5 many many JJ 3358 150 6 users user NNS 3358 150 7 will will MD 3358 150 8 have have VB 3358 150 9 fonts font NNS 3358 150 10 installed instal VBN 3358 150 11 for for IN 3358 150 12 more more JJR 3358 150 13 languages language NNS 3358 150 14 than than IN 3358 150 15 just just RB 3358 150 16 those those DT 3358 150 17 required require VBN 3358 150 18 for for IN 3358 150 19 the the DT 3358 150 20 native native JJ 3358 150 21 language language NN 3358 150 22 of of IN 3358 150 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 150 24 operating operating NN 3358 150 25 system system NN 3358 150 26 . . . 3358 151 1 Of of RB 3358 151 2 course course RB 3358 151 3 , , , 3358 151 4 fonts font NNS 3358 151 5 will will MD 3358 151 6 still still RB 3358 151 7 be be VB 3358 151 8 a a DT 3358 151 9 problem problem NN 3358 151 10 for for IN 3358 151 11 other other JJ 3358 151 12 users user NNS 3358 151 13 , , , 3358 151 14 such such JJ 3358 151 15 as as IN 3358 151 16 those those DT 3358 151 17 with with IN 3358 151 18 new new JJ 3358 151 19 computers computer NNS 3358 151 20 that that WDT 3358 151 21 have have VBP 3358 151 22 not not RB 3358 151 23 yet yet RB 3358 151 24 been be VBN 3358 151 25 configured configure VBN 3358 151 26 with with IN 3358 151 27 different different JJ 3358 151 28 fonts font NNS 3358 151 29 or or CC 3358 151 30 those those DT 3358 151 31 using use VBG 3358 151 32 a a DT 3358 151 33 public public JJ 3358 151 34 machine machine NN 3358 151 35 at at IN 3358 151 36 a a DT 3358 151 37 library library NN 3358 151 38 . . . 3358 152 1 These these DT 3358 152 2 users user NNS 3358 152 3 will will MD 3358 152 4 need need VB 3358 152 5 to to TO 3358 152 6 install install VB 3358 152 7 fonts font NNS 3358 152 8 so so IN 3358 152 9 they -PRON- PRP 3358 152 10 can can MD 3358 152 11 view view VB 3358 152 12 book book NN 3358 152 13 metadata metadata NN 3358 152 14 , , , 3358 152 15 and and CC 3358 152 16 eventually eventually RB 3358 152 17 the the DT 3358 152 18 entire entire JJ 3358 152 19 interface interface NN 3358 152 20 , , , 3358 152 21 in in IN 3358 152 22 other other JJ 3358 152 23 languages language NNS 3358 152 24 . . . 3358 153 1 To to TO 3358 153 2 assist assist VB 3358 153 3 these these DT 3358 153 4 users user NNS 3358 153 5 , , , 3358 153 6 help help VB 3358 153 7 pages page NNS 3358 153 8 have have VBP 3358 153 9 been be VBN 3358 153 10 created create VBN 3358 153 11 to to TO 3358 153 12 assist assist VB 3358 153 13 users user NNS 3358 153 14 with with IN 3358 153 15 the the DT 3358 153 16 process process NN 3358 153 17 of of IN 3358 153 18 installing instal VBG 3358 153 19 a a DT 3358 153 20 font font NN 3358 153 21 on on IN 3358 153 22 various various JJ 3358 153 23 operating operating NN 3358 153 24 systems system NNS 3358 153 25 . . . 3358 154 1 ■ ■ NFP 3358 154 2 Issues issue NNS 3358 154 3 of of IN 3358 154 4 Interpretation Interpretation NNP 3358 154 5 While while IN 3358 154 6 technical technical JJ 3358 154 7 issues issue NNS 3358 154 8 have have VBP 3358 154 9 been be VBN 3358 154 10 a a DT 3358 154 11 major major JJ 3358 154 12 challenge challenge NN 3358 154 13 for for IN 3358 154 14 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 154 15 , , , 3358 154 16 a a DT 3358 154 17 number number NN 3358 154 18 of of IN 3358 154 19 nontechnical nontechnical JJ 3358 154 20 issues issue NNS 3358 154 21 relating relate VBG 3358 154 22 to to IN 3358 154 23 inter- inter- NNP 3358 154 24 pretation pretation NN 3358 154 25 have have VBP 3358 154 26 also also RB 3358 154 27 been be VBN 3358 154 28 encountered encounter VBN 3358 154 29 . . . 3358 155 1 First first RB 3358 155 2 , , , 3358 155 3 until until IN 3358 155 4 the the DT 3358 155 5 interface interface NN 3358 155 6 has have VBZ 3358 155 7 been be VBN 3358 155 8 translated translate VBN 3358 155 9 into into IN 3358 155 10 different different JJ 3358 155 11 languages language NNS 3358 155 12 , , , 3358 155 13 visual visual JJ 3358 155 14 icons icon NNS 3358 155 15 are be VBP 3358 155 16 crucial crucial JJ 3358 155 17 for for IN 3358 155 18 communicating communicate VBG 3358 155 19 information information NN 3358 155 20 to to IN 3358 155 21 young young JJ 3358 155 22 children child NNS 3358 155 23 who who WP 3358 155 24 can can MD 3358 155 25 not not RB 3358 155 26 read read VB 3358 155 27 , , , 3358 155 28 and and CC 3358 155 29 to to IN 3358 155 30 users user NNS 3358 155 31 who who WP 3358 155 32 do do VBP 3358 155 33 not not RB 3358 155 34 speak speak VB 3358 155 35 English English NNP 3358 155 36 . . . 3358 156 1 However however RB 3358 156 2 , , , 3358 156 3 certain certain JJ 3358 156 4 pictorial pictorial JJ 3358 156 5 representations representation NNS 3358 156 6 may may MD 3358 156 7 not not RB 3358 156 8 be be VB 3358 156 9 understood understand VBN 3358 156 10 by by IN 3358 156 11 all all DT 3358 156 12 cultures culture NNS 3358 156 13 , , , 3358 156 14 or or CC 3358 156 15 worse bad JJR 3358 156 16 , , , 3358 156 17 may may MD 3358 156 18 offend offend VB 3358 156 19 some some DT 3358 156 20 cultures culture NNS 3358 156 21 . . . 3358 157 1 For for IN 3358 157 2 example example NN 3358 157 3 , , , 3358 157 4 one one CD 3358 157 5 icon icon NN 3358 157 6 showing show VBG 3358 157 7 a a DT 3358 157 8 boy boy NN 3358 157 9 sticking stick VBG 3358 157 10 out out RP 3358 157 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 3358 157 12 tongue tongue NN 3358 157 13 had have VBD 3358 157 14 to to TO 3358 157 15 be be VB 3358 157 16 redesigned redesign VBN 3358 157 17 when when WRB 3358 157 18 it -PRON- PRP 3358 157 19 was be VBD 3358 157 20 learned learn VBN 3358 157 21 this this DT 3358 157 22 was be VBD 3358 157 23 offensive offensive JJ 3358 157 24 in in IN 3358 157 25 the the DT 3358 157 26 Chinese chinese JJ 3358 157 27 culture culture NN 3358 157 28 . . . 3358 158 1 The the DT 3358 158 2 team team NN 3358 158 3 has have VBZ 3358 158 4 also also RB 3358 158 5 redesigned redesign VBN 3358 158 6 other other JJ 3358 158 7 icons icon NNS 3358 158 8 , , , 3358 158 9 such such JJ 3358 158 10 as as IN 3358 158 11 those those DT 3358 158 12 using use VBG 3358 158 13 stars star NNS 3358 158 14 as as IN 3358 158 15 the the DT 3358 158 16 rating rating NN 3358 158 17 system system NN 3358 158 18 for for IN 3358 158 19 popular popular JJ 3358 158 20 books book NNS 3358 158 21 . . . 3358 159 1 The the DT 3358 159 2 original original JJ 3358 159 3 icons icon NNS 3358 159 4 used use VBD 3358 159 5 five five CD 3358 159 6 - - HYPH 3358 159 7 sided sided JJ 3358 159 8 stars star NNS 3358 159 9 , , , 3358 159 10 which which WDT 3358 159 11 are be VBP 3358 159 12 religiously religiously RB 3358 159 13 signifi- signifi- JJ 3358 159 14 ca can MD 3358 159 15 nt not RB 3358 159 16 , , , 3358 159 17 so so RB 3358 159 18 they -PRON- PRP 3358 159 19 were be VBD 3358 159 20 changed change VBN 3358 159 21 to to IN 3358 159 22 more more RBR 3358 159 23 neutral neutral JJ 3358 159 24 seven- seven- NN 3358 159 25 or or CC 3358 159 26 eight eight CD 3358 159 27 - - HYPH 3358 159 28 sided sided JJ 3358 159 29 stars star NNS 3358 159 30 . . . 3358 160 1 As as IN 3358 160 2 the the DT 3358 160 3 team team NN 3358 160 4 continues continue VBZ 3358 160 5 to to TO 3358 160 6 internationalize internationalize VB 3358 160 7 the the DT 3358 160 8 inter- inter- NN 3358 160 9 face face NN 3358 160 10 , , , 3358 160 11 there there EX 3358 160 12 will will MD 3358 160 13 likely likely RB 3358 160 14 be be VB 3358 160 15 a a DT 3358 160 16 need need NN 3358 160 17 to to TO 3358 160 18 change change VB 3358 160 19 other other JJ 3358 160 20 icons icon NNS 3358 160 21 that that WDT 3358 160 22 are be VBP 3358 160 23 difficult difficult JJ 3358 160 24 to to TO 3358 160 25 represent represent VB 3358 160 26 in in IN 3358 160 27 a a DT 3358 160 28 culturally culturally RB 3358 160 29 neutral neutral JJ 3358 160 30 way way NN 3358 160 31 when when WRB 3358 160 32 the the DT 3358 160 33 interface interface NN 3358 160 34 is be VBZ 3358 160 35 displayed display VBN 3358 160 36 in in IN 3358 160 37 different different JJ 3358 160 38 languages language NNS 3358 160 39 . . . 3358 161 1 For for IN 3358 161 2 instance instance NN 3358 161 3 , , , 3358 161 4 it -PRON- PRP 3358 161 5 is be VBZ 3358 161 6 a a DT 3358 161 7 real real JJ 3358 161 8 challenge challenge NN 3358 161 9 to to TO 3358 161 10 create create VB 3358 161 11 icons icon NNS 3358 161 12 for for IN 3358 161 13 categories category NNS 3358 161 14 such such JJ 3358 161 15 as as IN 3358 161 16 Mythology Mythology NNP 3358 161 17 or or CC 3358 161 18 Super Super NNP 3358 161 19 Heroes Heroes NNPS 3358 161 20 , , , 3358 161 21 since since IN 3358 161 22 the the DT 3358 161 23 symbols symbol NNS 3358 161 24 and and CC 3358 161 25 stories story NNS 3358 161 26 for for IN 3358 161 27 these these DT 3358 161 28 concepts concept NNS 3358 161 29 differ differ VBP 3358 161 30 by by IN 3358 161 31 culture culture NN 3358 161 32 . . . 3358 162 1 Icons icon NNS 3358 162 2 for for IN 3358 162 3 such such JJ 3358 162 4 categories category NNS 3358 162 5 as as IN 3358 162 6 Funny funny JJ 3358 162 7 , , , 3358 162 8 Happy happy JJ 3358 162 9 , , , 3358 162 10 and and CC 3358 162 11 Sad Sad NNP 3358 162 12 are be VBP 3358 162 13 also also RB 3358 162 14 com- com- NN 3358 162 15 plicated plicate VBD 3358 162 16 because because IN 3358 162 17 certain certain JJ 3358 162 18 common common JJ 3358 162 19 American american JJ 3358 162 20 facial facial JJ 3358 162 21 and and CC 3358 162 22 hand hand NN 3358 162 23 representations representation NNS 3358 162 24 have have VBP 3358 162 25 different different JJ 3358 162 26 , , , 3358 162 27 sometimes sometimes RB 3358 162 28 offensive offensive JJ 3358 162 29 , , , 3358 162 30 meanings meaning NNS 3358 162 31 in in IN 3358 162 32 different different JJ 3358 162 33 cultures culture NNS 3358 162 34 . . . 3358 163 1 What what WP 3358 163 2 is be VBZ 3358 163 3 considered consider VBN 3358 163 4 funny funny JJ 3358 163 5 in in IN 3358 163 6 one one CD 3358 163 7 culture culture NN 3358 163 8 ( ( -LRB- 3358 163 9 a a DT 3358 163 10 clown clown NN 3358 163 11 ) ) -RRB- 3358 163 12 may may MD 3358 163 13 not not RB 3358 163 14 be be VB 3358 163 15 understood understand VBN 3358 163 16 well well RB 3358 163 17 by by IN 3358 163 18 another another DT 3358 163 19 culture culture NN 3358 163 20 . . . 3358 164 1 Different different JJ 3358 164 2 versions version NNS 3358 164 3 of of IN 3358 164 4 such such JJ 3358 164 5 icons icon NNS 3358 164 6 may may MD 3358 164 7 have have VB 3358 164 8 to to TO 3358 164 9 be be VB 3358 164 10 created create VBN 3358 164 11 , , , 3358 164 12 depending depend VBG 3358 164 13 on on IN 3358 164 14 the the DT 3358 164 15 language language NN 3358 164 16 and and CC 3358 164 17 cul- cul- JJ 3358 164 18 tural tural JJ 3358 164 19 preferences preference NNS 3358 164 20 of of IN 3358 164 21 users user NNS 3358 164 22 . . . 3358 165 1 The the DT 3358 165 2 team team NN 3358 165 3 relies rely VBZ 3358 165 4 on on IN 3358 165 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 3358 165 6 multicul- multicul- JJ 3358 165 7 tural tural JJ 3358 165 8 members member NNS 3358 165 9 , , , 3358 165 10 volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 165 11 , , , 3358 165 12 and and CC 3358 165 13 advisory advisory NNP 3358 165 14 board board NNP 3358 165 15 to to TO 3358 165 16 highlight highlight VB 3358 165 17 these these DT 3358 165 18 concerns concern NNS 3358 165 19 . . . 3358 166 1 Religious religious JJ 3358 166 2 , , , 3358 166 3 social social JJ 3358 166 4 , , , 3358 166 5 and and CC 3358 166 6 political political JJ 3358 166 7 problems problem NNS 3358 166 8 of of IN 3358 166 9 interpre- interpre- NN 3358 166 10 tation tation NN 3358 166 11 have have VBP 3358 166 12 also also RB 3358 166 13 been be VBN 3358 166 14 encountered encounter VBN 3358 166 15 . . . 3358 167 1 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 167 2 ’s ’s POS 3358 167 3 collec- collec- NN 3358 167 4 tion tion NN 3358 167 5 develops develop VBZ 3358 167 6 unevenly unevenly RB 3358 167 7 as as IN 3358 167 8 relationships relationship NNS 3358 167 9 are be VBP 3358 167 10 built build VBN 3358 167 11 with with IN 3358 167 12 various various JJ 3358 167 13 publishers publisher NNS 3358 167 14 and and CC 3358 167 15 libraries library NNS 3358 167 16 . . . 3358 168 1 As as IN 3358 168 2 a a DT 3358 168 3 result result NN 3358 168 4 , , , 3358 168 5 there there EX 3358 168 6 are be VBP 3358 168 7 currently currently RB 3358 168 8 many many JJ 3358 168 9 Arabic arabic JJ 3358 168 10 books book NNS 3358 168 11 and and CC 3358 168 12 only only RB 3358 168 13 a a DT 3358 168 14 few few JJ 3358 168 15 Hebrew hebrew JJ 3358 168 16 books book NNS 3358 168 17 ; ; : 3358 168 18 this this DT 3358 168 19 has have VBZ 3358 168 20 generated generate VBN 3358 168 21 multiple multiple JJ 3358 168 22 e e NN 3358 168 23 - - HYPH 3358 168 24 mails mail NNS 3358 168 25 from from IN 3358 168 26 users user NNS 3358 168 27 concerned concern VBN 3358 168 28 that that IN 3358 168 29 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 168 30 is be VBZ 3358 168 31 taking take VBG 3358 168 32 a a DT 3358 168 33 political political JJ 3358 168 34 stance stance NN 3358 168 35 on on IN 3358 168 36 the the DT 3358 168 37 Arab arab JJ 3358 168 38 - - HYPH 3358 168 39 Israeli israeli JJ 3358 168 40 conflict conflict NN 3358 168 41 . . . 3358 169 1 To to TO 3358 169 2 address address VB 3358 169 3 this this DT 3358 169 4 concern concern NN 3358 169 5 , , , 3358 169 6 the the DT 3358 169 7 team team NN 3358 169 8 is be VBZ 3358 169 9 currently currently RB 3358 169 10 working work VBG 3358 169 11 to to TO 3358 169 12 develop develop VB 3358 169 13 a a DT 3358 169 14 more more RBR 3358 169 15 balanced balanced JJ 3358 169 16 collec- collec- NN 3358 169 17 tion tion NN 3358 169 18 . . . 3358 170 1 Many many JJ 3358 170 2 books book NNS 3358 170 3 published publish VBN 3358 170 4 in in IN 3358 170 5 Hong Hong NNP 3358 170 6 Kong Kong NNP 3358 170 7 are be VBP 3358 170 8 received receive VBN 3358 170 9 from from IN 3358 170 10 contributors contributor NNS 3358 170 11 in in IN 3358 170 12 either either DT 3358 170 13 Hong Hong NNP 3358 170 14 Kong Kong NNP 3358 170 15 or or CC 3358 170 16 China China NNP 3358 170 17 who who WP 3358 170 18 want want VBP 3358 170 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 170 20 own own JJ 3358 170 21 country country NN 3358 170 22 to to TO 3358 170 23 be be VB 3358 170 24 credited credit VBN 3358 170 25 with with IN 3358 170 26 publication publication NN 3358 170 27 . . . 3358 171 1 To to TO 3358 171 2 address address VB 3358 171 3 this this DT 3358 171 4 concern concern NN 3358 171 5 , , , 3358 171 6 it -PRON- PRP 3358 171 7 was be VBD 3358 171 8 decided decide VBN 3358 171 9 to to TO 3358 171 10 credit credit VB 3358 171 11 the the DT 3358 171 12 publication publication NN 3358 171 13 country country NN 3358 171 14 as as IN 3358 171 15 “ " `` 3358 171 16 Hong Hong NNP 3358 171 17 Kong Kong NNP 3358 171 18 / / SYM 3358 171 19 China China NNP 3358 171 20 ” " '' 3358 171 21 to to TO 3358 171 22 avoid avoid VB 3358 171 23 offending offend VBG 3358 171 24 either either CC 3358 171 25 party party NN 3358 171 26 . . . 3358 172 1 Finally finally RB 3358 172 2 , , , 3358 172 3 some some DT 3358 172 4 books book NNS 3358 172 5 have have VBP 3358 172 6 been be VBN 3358 172 7 received receive VBN 3358 172 8 with with IN 3358 172 9 poten- poten- NN 3358 172 10 tially tially RB 3358 172 11 objectionable objectionable JJ 3358 172 12 content content NN 3358 172 13 . . . 3358 173 1 Some some DT 3358 173 2 of of IN 3358 173 3 these these DT 3358 173 4 are be VBP 3358 173 5 historical historical JJ 3358 173 6 books book NNS 3358 173 7 involving involve VBG 3358 173 8 presentation presentation NN 3358 173 9 of of IN 3358 173 10 content content NN 3358 173 11 that that WDT 3358 173 12 is be VBZ 3358 173 13 now now RB 3358 173 14 con- con- NN 3358 173 15 sidered sidere VBN 3358 173 16 derogatory derogatory JJ 3358 173 17 . . . 3358 174 1 Some some DT 3358 174 2 include include VBP 3358 174 3 subject subject JJ 3358 174 4 matter matter NN 3358 174 5 that that WDT 3358 174 6 may may MD 3358 174 7 be be VB 3358 174 8 deemed deem VBN 3358 174 9 appropriate appropriate JJ 3358 174 10 by by IN 3358 174 11 some some DT 3358 174 12 cultures culture NNS 3358 174 13 but but CC 3358 174 14 not not RB 3358 174 15 by by IN 3358 174 16 oth- oth- RB 3358 174 17 ers er NNS 3358 174 18 . . . 3358 175 1 Some some DT 3358 175 2 include include VBP 3358 175 3 information information NN 3358 175 4 that that WDT 3358 175 5 may may MD 3358 175 6 be be VB 3358 175 7 too too RB 3358 175 8 sophisti- sophisti- JJ 3358 175 9 cated cat VBN 3358 175 10 for for IN 3358 175 11 children child NNS 3358 175 12 three three CD 3358 175 13 to to TO 3358 175 14 thirteen thirteen CD 3358 175 15 years year NNS 3358 175 16 of of IN 3358 175 17 age age NN 3358 175 18 in in IN 3358 175 19 any any DT 3358 175 20 culture culture NN 3358 175 21 . . . 3358 176 1 While while IN 3358 176 2 careful careful JJ 3358 176 3 not not RB 3358 176 4 to to TO 3358 176 5 include include VB 3358 176 6 books book NNS 3358 176 7 that that WDT 3358 176 8 are be VBP 3358 176 9 inap- inap- IN 3358 176 10 propriate propriate NN 3358 176 11 for for IN 3358 176 12 children child NNS 3358 176 13 in in IN 3358 176 14 this this DT 3358 176 15 age age NN 3358 176 16 group group NN 3358 176 17 , , , 3358 176 18 the the DT 3358 176 19 team team NN 3358 176 20 does do VBZ 3358 176 21 not not RB 3358 176 22 want want VB 3358 176 23 to to TO 3358 176 24 censor censor VB 3358 176 25 books book NNS 3358 176 26 whose whose WP$ 3358 176 27 content content NN 3358 176 28 is be VBZ 3358 176 29 subjectively subjectively RB 3358 176 30 offen- offen- RB 3358 176 31 sive sive JJ 3358 176 32 . . . 3358 177 1 Instead instead RB 3358 177 2 , , , 3358 177 3 such such JJ 3358 177 4 contributors contributor NNS 3358 177 5 are be VBP 3358 177 6 consulted consult VBN 3358 177 7 to to TO 3358 177 8 make make VB 3358 177 9 sure sure JJ 3358 177 10 they -PRON- PRP 3358 177 11 were be VBD 3358 177 12 aware aware JJ 3358 177 13 of of IN 3358 177 14 ICDL icdl JJ 3358 177 15 collection collection NN 3358 177 16 - - HYPH 3358 177 17 development development NN 3358 177 18 guidelines guideline NNS 3358 177 19 . . . 3358 178 1 If if IN 3358 178 2 they -PRON- PRP 3358 178 3 believe believe VBP 3358 178 4 that that IN 3358 178 5 a a DT 3358 178 6 book book NN 3358 178 7 is be VBZ 3358 178 8 historically historically RB 3358 178 9 or or CC 3358 178 10 culturally culturally RB 3358 178 11 appropriate appropriate JJ 3358 178 12 , , , 3358 178 13 the the DT 3358 178 14 book book NN 3358 178 15 is be VBZ 3358 178 16 included include VBN 3358 178 17 . . . 3358 179 1 A a DT 3358 179 2 statement statement NN 3358 179 3 is be VBZ 3358 179 4 also also RB 3358 179 5 provided provide VBN 3358 179 6 at at IN 3358 179 7 the the DT 3358 179 8 bottom bottom NN 3358 179 9 of of IN 3358 179 10 all all PDT 3358 179 11 the the DT 3358 179 12 book book NN 3358 179 13 pages page NNS 3358 179 14 indi- indi- NNP 3358 179 15 cating cat VBG 3358 179 16 that that IN 3358 179 17 the the DT 3358 179 18 books book NNS 3358 179 19 in in IN 3358 179 20 the the DT 3358 179 21 library library NN 3358 179 22 come come VBP 3358 179 23 from from IN 3358 179 24 diverse diverse JJ 3358 179 25 cul- cul- NN 3358 179 26 tures ture NNS 3358 179 27 and and CC 3358 179 28 historical historical JJ 3358 179 29 periods period NNS 3358 179 30 and and CC 3358 179 31 may may MD 3358 179 32 not not RB 3358 179 33 be be VB 3358 179 34 appropriate appropriate JJ 3358 179 35 for for IN 3358 179 36 all all DT 3358 179 37 users user NNS 3358 179 38 of of IN 3358 179 39 the the DT 3358 179 40 library library NN 3358 179 41 . . . 3358 180 1 ■ ■ NFP 3358 180 2 Conclusions Conclusions NNPS 3358 180 3 and and CC 3358 180 4 Lessons Lessons NNPS 3358 180 5 Learned learn VBD 3358 180 6 Designing design VBG 3358 180 7 a a DT 3358 180 8 digital digital JJ 3358 180 9 library library NN 3358 180 10 for for IN 3358 180 11 an an DT 3358 180 12 international international JJ 3358 180 13 , , , 3358 180 14 intergen- intergen- NN 3358 180 15 erational erational JJ 3358 180 16 audience audience NN 3358 180 17 is be VBZ 3358 180 18 a a DT 3358 180 19 challenging challenging JJ 3358 180 20 process process NN 3358 180 21 , , , 3358 180 22 but but CC 3358 180 23 it -PRON- PRP 3358 180 24 is be VBZ 3358 180 25 hugely hugely RB 3358 180 26 rewarding rewarding JJ 3358 180 27 . . . 3358 181 1 The the DT 3358 181 2 team team NN 3358 181 3 is be VBZ 3358 181 4 continually continually RB 3358 181 5 amazed amazed JJ 3358 181 6 with with IN 3358 181 7 feedback feedback NN 3358 181 8 from from IN 3358 181 9 users user NNS 3358 181 10 all all RB 3358 181 11 over over IN 3358 181 12 the the DT 3358 181 13 world world NN 3358 181 14 expressing express VBG 3358 181 15 thanks thank NNS 3358 181 16 that that IN 3358 181 17 books book NNS 3358 181 18 are be VBP 3358 181 19 made make VBN 3358 181 20 available available JJ 3358 181 21 from from IN 3358 181 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 181 23 countries country NNS 3358 181 24 , , , 3358 181 25 from from IN 3358 181 26 teachers teacher NNS 3358 181 27 who who WP 3358 181 28 use use VBP 3358 181 29 the the DT 3358 181 30 library library NN 3358 181 31 as as IN 3358 181 32 a a DT 3358 181 33 resource resource NN 3358 181 34 for for IN 3358 181 35 lesson lesson NN 3358 181 36 plan- plan- NN 3358 181 37 ning ning NN 3358 181 38 , , , 3358 181 39 from from IN 3358 181 40 parents parent NNS 3358 181 41 who who WP 3358 181 42 have have VBP 3358 181 43 discovered discover VBN 3358 181 44 a a DT 3358 181 45 new new JJ 3358 181 46 way way NN 3358 181 47 to to TO 3358 181 48 read read VB 3358 181 49 with with IN 3358 181 50 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 181 51 children child NNS 3358 181 52 , , , 3358 181 53 and and CC 3358 181 54 from from IN 3358 181 55 children child NNS 3358 181 56 who who WP 3358 181 57 are be VBP 3358 181 58 thrilled thrilled JJ 3358 181 59 to to TO 3358 181 60 discover discover VB 3358 181 61 new new JJ 3358 181 62 favorite favorite JJ 3358 181 63 books book NNS 3358 181 64 that that WDT 3358 181 65 they -PRON- PRP 3358 181 66 can can MD 3358 181 67 not not RB 3358 181 68 get get VB 3358 181 69 in in IN 3358 181 70 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 181 71 local local JJ 3358 181 72 library library NN 3358 181 73 . . . 3358 182 1 Thus thus RB 3358 182 2 , , , 3358 182 3 the the DT 3358 182 4 first first JJ 3358 182 5 recommendation recommendation NN 3358 182 6 the the DT 3358 182 7 team team NN 3358 182 8 can can MD 3358 182 9 make make VB 3358 182 10 based base VBN 3358 182 11 on on IN 3358 182 12 experience experience NN 3358 182 13 is be VBZ 3358 182 14 that that IN 3358 182 15 creating create VBG 3358 182 16 international international JJ 3358 182 17 digital digital JJ 3358 182 18 - - HYPH 3358 182 19 library library NN 3358 182 20 resources resource NNS 3358 182 21 for for IN 3358 182 22 children child NNS 3358 182 23 is be VBZ 3358 182 24 a a DT 3358 182 25 rich rich JJ 3358 182 26 and and CC 3358 182 27 rewarding rewarding JJ 3358 182 28 area area NN 3358 182 29 of of IN 3358 182 30 research research NN 3358 182 31 that that IN 3358 182 32 others other NNS 3358 182 33 should should MD 3358 182 34 continue continue VB 3358 182 35 to to TO 3358 182 36 explore explore VB 3358 182 37 . . . 3358 183 1 A a DT 3358 183 2 second second JJ 3358 183 3 important important JJ 3358 183 4 lesson lesson NN 3358 183 5 learned learn VBN 3358 183 6 is be VBZ 3358 183 7 that that IN 3358 183 8 an an DT 3358 183 9 interna- interna- JJ 3358 183 10 tional tional JJ 3358 183 11 , , , 3358 183 12 intergenerational intergenerational JJ 3358 183 13 team team NN 3358 183 14 is be VBZ 3358 183 15 an an DT 3358 183 16 absolute absolute JJ 3358 183 17 necessity necessity NN 3358 183 18 . . . 3358 184 1 Simply simply RB 3358 184 2 having have VBG 3358 184 3 users user NNS 3358 184 4 and and CC 3358 184 5 testers tester NNS 3358 184 6 from from IN 3358 184 7 other other JJ 3358 184 8 countries country NNS 3358 184 9 is be VBZ 3358 184 10 not not RB 3358 184 11 enough enough JJ 3358 184 12 ; ; : 3358 184 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 184 14 input input NN 3358 184 15 is be VBZ 3358 184 16 valuable valuable JJ 3358 184 17 , , , 3358 184 18 but but CC 3358 184 19 it -PRON- PRP 3358 184 20 comes come VBZ 3358 184 21 too too RB 3358 184 22 late late RB 3358 184 23 in in IN 3358 184 24 the the DT 3358 184 25 design design NN 3358 184 26 process process NN 3358 184 27 to to TO 3358 184 28 influence influence VB 3358 184 29 major major JJ 3358 184 30 design design NN 3358 184 31 changes change NNS 3358 184 32 . . . 3358 185 1 Team team NN 3358 185 2 members member NNS 3358 185 3 from from IN 3358 185 4 different different JJ 3358 185 5 cultural cultural JJ 3358 185 6 backgrounds background NNS 3358 185 7 offer offer VBP 3358 185 8 perspectives perspective VBZ 3358 185 9 that that IN 3358 185 10 an an DT 3358 185 11 American American NNP 3358 185 12 - - HYPH 3358 185 13 only only JJ 3358 185 14 team team NN 3358 185 15 simply simply RB 3358 185 16 would would MD 3358 185 17 not not RB 3358 185 18 think think VB 3358 185 19 to to TO 3358 185 20 consider consider VB 3358 185 21 . . . 3358 186 1 Similarly similarly RB 3358 186 2 , , , 3358 186 3 team team NN 3358 186 4 members member NNS 3358 186 5 who who WP 3358 186 6 are be VBP 3358 186 7 children child NNS 3358 186 8 understand understand VBP 3358 186 9 how how WRB 3358 186 10 children child NNS 3358 186 11 like like VBP 3358 186 12 to to TO 3358 186 13 look look VB 3358 186 14 for for IN 3358 186 15 and and CC 3358 186 16 read read VB 3358 186 17 books book NNS 3358 186 18 , , , 3358 186 19 and and CC 3358 186 20 what what WDT 3358 186 21 interface interface NN 3358 186 22 tools tool NNS 3358 186 23 are be VBP 3358 186 24 difficult difficult JJ 3358 186 25 or or CC 3358 186 26 easy easy JJ 3358 186 27 , , , 3358 186 28 and and CC 3358 186 29 fun fun NN 3358 186 30 or or CC 3358 186 31 not not RB 3358 186 32 fun fun JJ 3358 186 33 . . . 3358 187 1 Enthusiastic enthusiastic JJ 3358 187 2 advisors advisor NNS 3358 187 3 and and CC 3358 187 4 volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 187 5 are be VBP 3358 187 6 also also RB 3358 187 7 a a DT 3358 187 8 crucial crucial JJ 3358 187 9 resource resource NN 3358 187 10 . . . 3358 188 1 The the DT 3358 188 2 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 188 3 team team NN 3358 188 4 does do VBZ 3358 188 5 not not RB 3358 188 6 have have VB 3358 188 7 the the DT 3358 188 8 time time NN 3358 188 9 , , , 3358 188 10 money money NN 3358 188 11 , , , 3358 188 12 or or CC 3358 188 13 resources resource NNS 3358 188 14 to to TO 3358 188 15 address address VB 3358 188 16 all all DT 3358 188 17 of of IN 3358 188 18 the the DT 3358 188 19 issues issue NNS 3358 188 20 that that WDT 3358 188 21 surface surface VBP 3358 188 22 , , , 3358 188 23 and and CC 3358 188 24 advisors advisor NNS 3358 188 25 and and CC 3358 188 26 volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 188 27 are be VBP 3358 188 28 key key JJ 3358 188 29 resources resource NNS 3358 188 30 in in IN 3358 188 31 the the DT 3358 188 32 development development NN 3358 188 33 process process NN 3358 188 34 . . . 3358 189 1 Bringing bring VBG 3358 189 2 together together RB 3358 189 3 as as RB 3358 189 4 diverse diverse JJ 3358 189 5 a a DT 3358 189 6 team team NN 3358 189 7 as as IN 3358 189 8 possible possible JJ 3358 189 9 is be VBZ 3358 189 10 highly highly RB 3358 189 11 recommended recommend VBN 3358 189 12 . . . 3358 190 1 The the DT 3358 190 2 goals goal NNS 3358 190 3 of of IN 3358 190 4 educational educational JJ 3358 190 5 enrichment enrichment NN 3358 190 6 and and CC 3358 190 7 international international JJ 3358 190 8 under- under- XX 3358 190 9 standing stand VBG 3358 190 10 in in IN 3358 190 11 an an DT 3358 190 12 international international JJ 3358 190 13 library library NN 3358 190 14 make make VB 3358 190 15 it -PRON- PRP 3358 190 16 an an DT 3358 190 17 attractive attractive JJ 3358 190 18 resource resource NN 3358 190 19 for for IN 3358 190 20 people people NNS 3358 190 21 to to TO 3358 190 22 want want VB 3358 190 23 to to TO 3358 190 24 help help VB 3358 190 25 , , , 3358 190 26 so so RB 3358 190 27 assembling assemble VBG 3358 190 28 such such PDT 3358 190 29 a a DT 3358 190 30 team team NN 3358 190 31 is be VBZ 3358 190 32 not not RB 3358 190 33 as as RB 3358 190 34 difficult difficult JJ 3358 190 35 as as IN 3358 190 36 it -PRON- PRP 3358 190 37 sounds sound VBZ 3358 190 38 . . . 3358 191 1 Beyond beyond IN 3358 191 2 the the DT 3358 191 3 human human JJ 3358 191 4 resources resource NNS 3358 191 5 , , , 3358 191 6 the the DT 3358 191 7 technical technical JJ 3358 191 8 resources resource NNS 3358 191 9 involved involve VBN 3358 191 10 in in IN 3358 191 11 making make VBG 3358 191 12 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 191 13 an an DT 3358 191 14 international international JJ 3358 191 15 environment environment NN 3358 191 16 necessitate necessitate VBP 3358 191 17 the the DT 3358 191 18 examination examination NN 3358 191 19 and and CC 3358 191 20 adjustment adjustment NN 3358 191 21 of of IN 3358 191 22 software software NN 3358 191 23 and and CC 3358 191 24 interfaces interface NNS 3358 191 25 at at IN 3358 191 26 every every DT 3358 191 27 level level NN 3358 191 28 . . . 3358 192 1 Unlike unlike IN 3358 192 2 many many JJ 3358 192 3 digital digital JJ 3358 192 4 libraries library NNS 3358 192 5 that that WDT 3358 192 6 only only RB 3358 192 7 focus focus VBP 3358 192 8 on on IN 3358 192 9 one one CD 3358 192 10 or or CC 3358 192 11 a a DT 3358 192 12 few few JJ 3358 192 13 languages language NNS 3358 192 14 , , , 3358 192 15 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 192 16 must must MD 3358 192 17 be be VB 3358 192 18 simultaneously simultaneously RB 3358 192 19 multilingual multilingual JJ 3358 192 20 , , , 3358 192 21 multicultural multicultural JJ 3358 192 22 , , , 3358 192 23 and and CC 3358 192 24 multi- multi- NNP 3358 192 25 generational generational JJ 3358 192 26 . . . 3358 193 1 As as IN 3358 193 2 a a DT 3358 193 3 result result NN 3358 193 4 , , , 3358 193 5 a a DT 3358 193 6 third third JJ 3358 193 7 lesson lesson NN 3358 193 8 is be VBZ 3358 193 9 that that IN 3358 193 10 freely freely RB 3358 193 11 avail- avail- DT 3358 193 12 able able JJ 3358 193 13 and and CC 3358 193 14 open open JJ 3358 193 15 - - HYPH 3358 193 16 source source NN 3358 193 17 technologies technology NNS 3358 193 18 are be VBP 3358 193 19 now now RB 3358 193 20 available available JJ 3358 193 21 for for IN 3358 193 22 making make VBG 3358 193 23 the the DT 3358 193 24 necessary necessary JJ 3358 193 25 infrastructure infrastructure NN 3358 193 26 meet meet VB 3358 193 27 these these DT 3358 193 28 criteria criterion NNS 3358 193 29 . . . 3358 194 1 With with IN 3358 194 2 varying vary VBG 3358 194 3 degrees degree NNS 3358 194 4 of of IN 3358 194 5 complexity complexity NN 3358 194 6 , , , 3358 194 7 the the DT 3358 194 8 team team NN 3358 194 9 was be VBD 3358 194 10 able able JJ 3358 194 11 to to TO 3358 194 12 get get VB 3358 194 13 all all PDT 3358 194 14 the the DT 3358 194 15 pieces piece NNS 3358 194 16 to to TO 3358 194 17 work work VB 3358 194 18 together together RB 3358 194 19 properly properly RB 3358 194 20 . . . 3358 195 1 The the DT 3358 195 2 more more JJR 3358 195 3 dif- dif- DT 3358 195 4 ficult ficult NN 3358 195 5 challenge challenge NN 3358 195 6 , , , 3358 195 7 unfortunately unfortunately RB 3358 195 8 , , , 3358 195 9 falls fall VBZ 3358 195 10 on on IN 3358 195 11 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 195 12 ’s ’s POS 3358 195 13 users user NNS 3358 195 14 , , , 3358 195 15 who who WP 3358 195 16 may may MD 3358 195 17 need need VB 3358 195 18 to to TO 3358 195 19 install install VB 3358 195 20 new new JJ 3358 195 21 fonts font NNS 3358 195 22 to to TO 3358 195 23 view view VB 3358 195 24 metadata metadata NN 3358 195 25 in in IN 3358 195 26 differ- differ- JJ 3358 195 27 ent ent NN 3358 195 28 languages language NNS 3358 195 29 . . . 3358 196 1 However however RB 3358 196 2 , , , 3358 196 3 as as IN 3358 196 4 computer computer NN 3358 196 5 and and CC 3358 196 6 browser browser NN 3358 196 7 tech- tech- JJ 3358 196 8 nologies nologie NNS 3358 196 9 advance advance VBP 3358 196 10 to to TO 3358 196 11 reflect reflect VB 3358 196 12 more more RBR 3358 196 13 global global JJ 3358 196 14 applications application NNS 3358 196 15 , , , 3358 196 16 this this DT 3358 196 17 problem problem NN 3358 196 18 is be VBZ 3358 196 19 expected expect VBN 3358 196 20 to to TO 3358 196 21 lessen lessen VB 3358 196 22 and and CC 3358 196 23 eventually eventually RB 3358 196 24 disappear disappear VB 3358 196 25 . . . 3358 197 1 Having have VBG 3358 197 2 technical technical JJ 3358 197 3 staff staff NN 3358 197 4 capable capable JJ 3358 197 5 of of IN 3358 197 6 searching search VBG 3358 197 7 for for IN 3358 197 8 and and CC 3358 197 9 inte- inte- XX 3358 197 10 grating grate VBG 3358 197 11 open open JJ 3358 197 12 - - HYPH 3358 197 13 source source NN 3358 197 14 tools tool NNS 3358 197 15 with with IN 3358 197 16 international international JJ 3358 197 17 support support NN 3358 197 18 to to TO 3358 197 19 handle handle VB 3358 197 20 these these DT 3358 197 21 technical technical JJ 3358 197 22 issues issue NNS 3358 197 23 is be VBZ 3358 197 24 highly highly RB 3358 197 25 recommended recommend VBN 3358 197 26 , , , 3358 197 27 as as RB 3358 197 28 well well RB 3358 197 29 as as IN 3358 197 30 usability usability NN 3358 197 31 staff staff NN 3358 197 32 versed verse VBN 3358 197 33 in in IN 3358 197 34 the the DT 3358 197 35 nuances nuance NNS 3358 197 36 of of IN 3358 197 37 different different JJ 3358 197 38 operating operating NN 3358 197 39 systems system NNS 3358 197 40 and and CC 3358 197 41 browsers browser NNS 3358 197 42 . . . 3358 198 1 Finally finally RB 3358 198 2 , , , 3358 198 3 the the DT 3358 198 4 more more RBR 3358 198 5 subjective subjective JJ 3358 198 6 issue issue NN 3358 198 7 of of IN 3358 198 8 cultural cultural JJ 3358 198 9 inter- inter- NNP 3358 198 10 pretation pretation NN 3358 198 11 has have VBZ 3358 198 12 proven prove VBN 3358 198 13 to to TO 3358 198 14 be be VB 3358 198 15 the the DT 3358 198 16 most most RBS 3358 198 17 interesting interesting JJ 3358 198 18 chal- chal- NN 3358 198 19 lenge lenge NN 3358 198 20 . . . 3358 199 1 It -PRON- PRP 3358 199 2 is be VBZ 3358 199 3 one one NN 3358 199 4 that that WDT 3358 199 5 will will MD 3358 199 6 likely likely RB 3358 199 7 not not RB 3358 199 8 disappear disappear VB 3358 199 9 as as IN 3358 199 10 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 199 11 ’s ’s POS 3358 199 12 collection collection NN 3358 199 13 grows grow VBZ 3358 199 14 and and CC 3358 199 15 the the DT 3358 199 16 next next JJ 3358 199 17 stage stage NN 3358 199 18 of of IN 3358 199 19 development development NN 3358 199 20 is be VBZ 3358 199 21 embarked embark VBN 3358 199 22 on on IN 3358 199 23 for for IN 3358 199 24 translating translate VBG 3358 199 25 the the DT 3358 199 26 interface interface NN 3358 199 27 to to TO 3358 199 28 support support VB 3358 199 29 other other JJ 3358 199 30 languages language NNS 3358 199 31 and and CC 3358 199 32 cultures culture NNS 3358 199 33 . . . 3358 200 1 The the DT 3358 200 2 fourth fourth JJ 3358 200 3 lesson lesson NN 3358 200 4 learned learn VBN 3358 200 5 is be VBZ 3358 200 6 that that IN 3358 200 7 culture culture NN 3358 200 8 pervades pervade VBZ 3358 200 9 every every DT 3358 200 10 aspect aspect NN 3358 200 11 of of IN 3358 200 12 both both CC 3358 200 13 the the DT 3358 200 14 visual visual JJ 3358 200 15 design design NN 3358 200 16 and and CC 3358 200 17 the the DT 3358 200 18 content content NN 3358 200 19 of of IN 3358 200 20 the the DT 3358 200 21 interface interface NN 3358 200 22 , , , 3358 200 23 and and CC 3358 200 24 that that IN 3358 200 25 it -PRON- PRP 3358 200 26 is be VBZ 3358 200 27 nec- nec- RB 3358 200 28 essary essary NN 3358 200 29 to to TO 3358 200 30 examine examine VB 3358 200 31 one one PRP 3358 200 32 ’s ’s POS 3358 200 33 own own JJ 3358 200 34 biased biased JJ 3358 200 35 cultural cultural JJ 3358 200 36 assump- assump- JJ 3358 200 37 tions tion NNS 3358 200 38 to to TO 3358 200 39 ensure ensure VB 3358 200 40 respect respect NN 3358 200 41 of of IN 3358 200 42 others other NNS 3358 200 43 . . . 3358 201 1 However however RB 3358 201 2 , , , 3358 201 3 with with IN 3358 201 4 the the DT 3358 201 5 enthusiasm enthusiasm NN 3358 201 6 that that WDT 3358 201 7 continues continue VBZ 3358 201 8 to to TO 3358 201 9 be be VB 3358 201 10 seen see VBN 3358 201 11 in in IN 3358 201 12 the the DT 3358 201 13 ICDL icdl JJ 3358 201 14 team team NN 3358 201 15 members member NNS 3358 201 16 , , , 3358 201 17 advisors advisor NNS 3358 201 18 , , , 3358 201 19 volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 201 20 , , , 3358 201 21 and and CC 3358 201 22 users user NNS 3358 201 23 , , , 3358 201 24 future future JJ 3358 201 25 design design NN 3358 201 26 challenges challenge NNS 3358 201 27 will will MD 3358 201 28 be be VB 3358 201 29 able able JJ 3358 201 30 to to TO 3358 201 31 be be VB 3358 201 32 addressed address VBN 3358 201 33 with with IN 3358 201 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 201 35 help help NN 3358 201 36 . . . 3358 202 1 The the DT 3358 202 2 final final JJ 3358 202 3 recommendation recommendation NN 3358 202 4 is be VBZ 3358 202 5 to to TO 3358 202 6 actively actively RB 3358 202 7 seek seek VB 3358 202 8 feedback feedback NN 3358 202 9 from from IN 3358 202 10 team team NN 3358 202 11 members member NNS 3358 202 12 , , , 3358 202 13 volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 202 14 , , , 3358 202 15 and and CC 3358 202 16 users user NNS 3358 202 17 from from IN 3358 202 18 differ- differ- JJ 3358 202 19 ent ent NN 3358 202 20 backgrounds background NNS 3358 202 21 about about IN 3358 202 22 the the DT 3358 202 23 cultural cultural JJ 3358 202 24 appropriateness appropriateness NN 3358 202 25 of of IN 3358 202 26 all all DT 3358 202 27 aspects aspect NNS 3358 202 28 of of IN 3358 202 29 your -PRON- PRP$ 3358 202 30 software software NN 3358 202 31 . . . 3358 203 1 It -PRON- PRP 3358 203 2 may may MD 3358 203 3 not not RB 3358 203 4 be be VB 3358 203 5 possible possible JJ 3358 203 6 to to TO 3358 203 7 address address VB 3358 203 8 all all DT 3358 203 9 cultures culture NNS 3358 203 10 in in IN 3358 203 11 your -PRON- PRP$ 3358 203 12 audience audience NN 3358 203 13 right right RB 3358 203 14 away away RB 3358 203 15 , , , 3358 203 16 but but CC 3358 203 17 it -PRON- PRP 3358 203 18 is be VBZ 3358 203 19 important important JJ 3358 203 20 to to TO 3358 203 21 have have VB 3358 203 22 a a DT 3358 203 23 framework framework NN 3358 203 24 in in IN 3358 203 25 place place NN 3358 203 26 so so IN 3358 203 27 that that IN 3358 203 28 these these DT 3358 203 29 issues issue NNS 3358 203 30 are be VBP 3358 203 31 addressed address VBN 3358 203 32 eventually eventually RB 3358 203 33 . . . 3358 204 1 THE the DT 3358 204 2 INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL NNP 3358 204 3 CHILDREN child NNS 3358 204 4 ’S ’s POS 3358 204 5 DIGITAL DIGITAL NNP 3358 204 6 LIBRARY LIBRARY NNP 3358 204 7 | | NNP 3358 204 8 HUTCHINSON HUTCHINSON NNP 3358 204 9 , , , 3358 204 10 ROSE ROSE NNP 3358 204 11 , , , 3358 204 12 BEDERSON BEDERSON NNP 3358 204 13 , , , 3358 204 14 WEEKS weeks NN 3358 204 15 , , , 3358 204 16 AND and CC 3358 204 17 DRUIN DRUIN NNP 3358 204 18 11 11 CD 3358 204 19 12 12 CD 3358 204 20 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNS 3358 204 21 TECHNOLOGY technology NN 3358 204 22 AND and CC 3358 204 23 LIBRARIES library NNS 3358 204 24 | | JJ 3358 204 25 MARCH MARCH NNS 3358 204 26 2005 2005 CD 3358 204 27 ■ ■ NFP 3358 204 28 Acknowledgments acknowledgment NNS 3358 204 29 ICDL ICDL NNP 3358 204 30 is be VBZ 3358 204 31 a a DT 3358 204 32 large large JJ 3358 204 33 project project NN 3358 204 34 with with IN 3358 204 35 many many JJ 3358 204 36 people people NNS 3358 204 37 who who WP 3358 204 38 make make VBP 3358 204 39 it -PRON- PRP 3358 204 40 the the DT 3358 204 41 wonderful wonderful JJ 3358 204 42 resource resource NN 3358 204 43 that that IN 3358 204 44 it -PRON- PRP 3358 204 45 has have VBZ 3358 204 46 become become VBN 3358 204 47 . . . 3358 205 1 We -PRON- PRP 3358 205 2 thank thank VBP 3358 205 3 them -PRON- PRP 3358 205 4 all all DT 3358 205 5 for for IN 3358 205 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 3358 205 7 continued continued JJ 3358 205 8 hard hard JJ 3358 205 9 work work NN 3358 205 10 , , , 3358 205 11 as as RB 3358 205 12 well well RB 3358 205 13 as as IN 3358 205 14 our -PRON- PRP$ 3358 205 15 many many JJ 3358 205 16 volunteers volunteer NNS 3358 205 17 and and CC 3358 205 18 our -PRON- PRP$ 3358 205 19 generous generous JJ 3358 205 20 contributors contributor NNS 3358 205 21 . . . 3358 206 1 We -PRON- PRP 3358 206 2 would would MD 3358 206 3 especially especially RB 3358 206 4 like like VB 3358 206 5 to to TO 3358 206 6 thank thank VB 3358 206 7 NSF NSF NNP 3358 206 8 for for IN 3358 206 9 our -PRON- PRP$ 3358 206 10 Information Information NNP 3358 206 11 Technology Technology NNP 3358 206 12 Research Research NNP 3358 206 13 grant grant NN 3358 206 14 , , , 3358 206 15 and and CC 3358 206 16 IMLS IMLS NNP 3358 206 17 for for IN 3358 206 18 our -PRON- PRP$ 3358 206 19 National National NNP 3358 206 20 Leadership Leadership NNP 3358 206 21 grant grant NN 3358 206 22 . . . 3358 207 1 Without without IN 3358 207 2 this this DT 3358 207 3 generous generous JJ 3358 207 4 funding funding NN 3358 207 5 , , , 3358 207 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 3358 207 7 research research NN 3358 207 8 would would MD 3358 207 9 not not RB 3358 207 10 be be VB 3358 207 11 possible possible JJ 3358 207 12 . . . 3358 208 1 References reference NNS 3358 208 2 1 1 CD 3358 208 3 . . . 3358 209 1 Internet internet NN 3358 209 2 World World NNP 3358 209 3 Stats Stats NNPS 3358 209 4 . . . 3358 210 1 Accessed access VBN 3358 210 2 Mar. March NNP 3358 211 1 9 9 CD 3358 211 2 , , , 3358 211 3 2005 2005 CD 3358 211 4 , , , 3358 211 5 www.internet www.internet NNP 3358 211 6 worldstats.com worldstats.com ADD 3358 211 7 2 2 CD 3358 211 8 . . . 3358 212 1 National National NNP 3358 212 2 Telecommunications Telecommunications NNPS 3358 212 3 and and CC 3358 212 4 Information Information NNP 3358 212 5 Adminis- Adminis- NNP 3358 212 6 tration tration NN 3358 212 7 ( ( -LRB- 3358 212 8 2004 2004 CD 3358 212 9 ) ) -RRB- 3358 212 10 . . . 3358 213 1 “ " `` 3358 213 2 A a DT 3358 213 3 Nation nation NN 3358 213 4 Online online RB 3358 213 5 : : : 3358 213 6 Entering enter VBG 3358 213 7 the the DT 3358 213 8 Broadband Broadband NNP 3358 213 9 Age Age NNP 3358 213 10 . . . 3358 213 11 ” " '' 3358 213 12 Accessed access VBN 3358 213 13 Mar. March NNP 3358 214 1 9 9 CD 3358 214 2 , , , 3358 214 3 2005 2005 CD 3358 214 4 , , , 3358 214 5 www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/index www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/index NNP 3358 214 6 . . . 3358 215 1 html html NNP 3358 215 2 . . . 3358 216 1 3 3 LS 3358 216 2 . . . 3358 217 1 I. I. NNP 3358 217 2 Witten Witten NNP 3358 217 3 et et FW 3358 217 4 al al NNP 3358 217 5 . . NNP 3358 217 6 , , , 3358 217 7 “ " `` 3358 217 8 The the DT 3358 217 9 Promise Promise NNP 3358 217 10 of of IN 3358 217 11 Digital Digital NNP 3358 217 12 Libraries Libraries NNPS 3358 217 13 in in IN 3358 217 14 Devel- Devel- NNP 3358 217 15 oping oping NN 3358 217 16 Countries Countries NNPS 3358 217 17 , , , 3358 217 18 ” " '' 3358 217 19 Communications communication NNS 3358 217 20 of of IN 3358 217 21 the the DT 3358 217 22 ACM ACM NNP 3358 217 23 44 44 CD 3358 217 24 , , , 3358 217 25 no no UH 3358 217 26 . . . 3358 218 1 5 5 CD 3358 218 2 ( ( -LRB- 3358 218 3 2001 2001 CD 3358 218 4 ) ) -RRB- 3358 218 5 : : : 3358 218 6 82–85 82–85 LS 3358 218 7 ; ; : 3358 218 8 J. J. NNP 3358 218 9 Downie Downie NNP 3358 218 10 , , , 3358 218 11 ( ( -LRB- 3358 218 12 2003 2003 CD 3358 218 13 ) ) -RRB- 3358 218 14 . . . 3358 219 1 “ " `` 3358 219 2 Realization realization NN 3358 219 3 of of IN 3358 219 4 Four four CD 3358 219 5 Important important JJ 3358 219 6 Princi- Princi- NNP 3358 219 7 ples ple NNS 3358 219 8 in in IN 3358 219 9 Cross Cross NNP 3358 219 10 - - NNP 3358 219 11 Cultural Cultural NNP 3358 219 12 Digital Digital NNP 3358 219 13 Library Library NNP 3358 219 14 Development Development NNP 3358 219 15 , , , 3358 219 16 ” " '' 3358 219 17 Workshop Workshop NNP 3358 219 18 Paper Paper NNP 3358 219 19 for for IN 3358 219 20 JCDL JCDL NNP 3358 219 21 2003 2003 CD 3358 219 22 . . . 3358 220 1 Accessed Accessed NNP 3358 220 2 Dec. December NNP 3358 220 3 16 16 CD 3358 220 4 , , , 3358 220 5 2004 2004 CD 3358 220 6 , , , 3358 220 7 http://music http://music NNP 3358 220 8 -ir.org/~jdownie -ir.org/~jdownie . 3358 220 9 / / SYM 3358 220 10 jcdl03_workshop_downie_dun.pdf jcdl03_workshop_downie_dun.pdf NNP 3358 220 11 . . . 3358 221 1 4 4 LS 3358 221 2 . . . 3358 222 1 P. P. NNP 3358 222 2 Busey Busey NNP 3358 222 3 and and CC 3358 222 4 T. T. NNP 3358 222 5 Doerr Doerr NNP 3358 222 6 , , , 3358 222 7 “ " `` 3358 222 8 Kid Kid NNP 3358 222 9 ’s ’s NNP 3358 222 10 Catalog Catalog NNP 3358 222 11 : : : 3358 222 12 An an DT 3358 222 13 Information Information NNP 3358 222 14 Retrieval Retrieval NNP 3358 222 15 System System NNP 3358 222 16 for for IN 3358 222 17 Children Children NNPS 3358 222 18 , , , 3358 222 19 ” " '' 3358 222 20 Youth Youth NNP 3358 222 21 Services Services NNPS 3358 222 22 in in IN 3358 222 23 Libraries Libraries NNP 3358 222 24 7 7 CD 3358 222 25 , , , 3358 222 26 no no UH 3358 222 27 . . . 3358 223 1 1 1 CD 3358 223 2 ( ( -LRB- 3358 223 3 1993 1993 CD 3358 223 4 ) ) -RRB- 3358 223 5 : : : 3358 223 6 77–84 77–84 LS 3358 223 7 ; ; : 3358 223 8 U. U. NNP 3358 223 9 Külper Külper NNP 3358 223 10 , , , 3358 223 11 U. U. NNP 3358 223 12 Schulz Schulz NNP 3358 223 13 , , , 3358 223 14 and and CC 3358 223 15 G. G. NNP 3358 223 16 Will Will NNP 3358 223 17 , , , 3358 223 18 “ " `` 3358 223 19 Bücherschatz Bücherschatz NNP 3358 223 20 — — : 3358 223 21 A a DT 3358 223 22 Prototype Prototype NNP 3358 223 23 of of IN 3358 223 24 a a DT 3358 223 25 Children Children NNP 3358 223 26 ’s ’s POS 3358 223 27 OPAC OPAC NNP 3358 223 28 , , , 3358 223 29 ” " '' 3358 223 30 Information Information NNP 3358 223 31 Services Services NNPS 3358 223 32 and and CC 3358 223 33 Use Use NNP 3358 223 34 no no UH 3358 223 35 . . . 3358 224 1 17 17 CD 3358 224 2 ( ( -LRB- 3358 224 3 1997 1997 CD 3358 224 4 ) ) -RRB- 3358 224 5 : : : 3358 224 6 201–14 201–14 CD 3358 224 7 ; ; : 3358 224 8 A. A. NNP 3358 224 9 Druin Druin NNP 3358 224 10 et et NNP 3358 224 11 al al NNP 3358 224 12 . . NNP 3358 224 13 , , , 3358 224 14 “ " `` 3358 224 15 Designing design VBG 3358 224 16 a a DT 3358 224 17 Digital Digital NNP 3358 224 18 Library Library NNP 3358 224 19 for for IN 3358 224 20 Young Young NNP 3358 224 21 Children Children NNPS 3358 224 22 : : : 3358 224 23 An an DT 3358 224 24 Intergenerational Intergenerational NNP 3358 224 25 Partnership Partnership NNP 3358 224 26 , , , 3358 224 27 ” " '' 3358 224 28 in in IN 3358 224 29 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 3358 224 30 of of IN 3358 224 31 the the DT 3358 224 32 ACM ACM NNP 3358 224 33 / / SYM 3358 224 34 IEEE IEEE NNP 3358 224 35 - - HYPH 3358 224 36 CS CS NNP 3358 224 37 Joint Joint NNP 3358 224 38 Conference Conference NNP 3358 224 39 on on IN 3358 224 40 Digital Digital NNP 3358 224 41 Libraries Libraries NNPS 3358 224 42 ( ( -LRB- 3358 224 43 New New NNP 3358 224 44 York York NNP 3358 224 45 : : : 3358 224 46 Association Association NNP 3358 224 47 for for IN 3358 224 48 Computing Computing NNP 3358 224 49 Machinery Machinery NNP 3358 224 50 , , , 3358 224 51 2001 2001 CD 3358 224 52 ) ) -RRB- 3358 224 53 , , , 3358 224 54 398–405 398–405 CD 3358 224 55 . . . 3358 225 1 5 5 CD 3358 225 2 . . . 3358 226 1 A. A. NNP 3358 226 2 Druin Druin NNP 3358 226 3 , , , 3358 226 4 “ " `` 3358 226 5 What what WP 3358 226 6 Children child NNS 3358 226 7 Can Can MD 3358 226 8 Teach teach VB 3358 226 9 Us -PRON- PRP 3358 226 10 : : : 3358 226 11 Developing develop VBG 3358 226 12 Dig- Dig- NNP 3358 226 13 ital ital JJ 3358 226 14 Libraries library NNS 3358 226 15 for for IN 3358 226 16 Children Children NNPS 3358 226 17 with with IN 3358 226 18 Children Children NNPS 3358 226 19 , , , 3358 226 20 ” " '' 3358 226 21 Library Library NNP 3358 226 22 Quarterly Quarterly NNP 3358 226 23 ( ( -LRB- 3358 226 24 in in IN 3358 226 25 press press NN 3358 226 26 ) ) -RRB- 3358 226 27 . . . 3358 227 1 Accessed Accessed NNP 3358 227 2 Dec. December NNP 3358 227 3 16 16 CD 3358 227 4 , , , 3358 227 5 2004 2004 CD 3358 227 6 , , , 3358 227 7 www.icdlbooks.org www.icdlbooks.org CD 3358 227 8 . . . 3358 228 1 6 6 CD 3358 228 2 . . . 3358 229 1 A. A. NNP 3358 229 2 Marcus Marcus NNP 3358 229 3 , , , 3358 229 4 “ " `` 3358 229 5 Global global JJ 3358 229 6 and and CC 3358 229 7 Intercultural Intercultural NNP 3358 229 8 User User NNP 3358 229 9 - - HYPH 3358 229 10 Interface Interface NNP 3358 229 11 Design Design NNP 3358 229 12 , , , 3358 229 13 ” " '' 3358 229 14 in in IN 3358 229 15 J. J. NNP 3358 229 16 Jacko Jacko NNP 3358 229 17 and and CC 3358 229 18 A. A. NNP 3358 229 19 Sears Sears NNP 3358 229 20 , , , 3358 229 21 eds eds NNP 3358 229 22 . . . 3358 229 23 , , , 3358 229 24 The the DT 3358 229 25 Human Human NNP 3358 229 26 - - HYPH 3358 229 27 Computer Computer NNP 3358 229 28 Interaction Interaction NNP 3358 229 29 Handbook Handbook NNP 3358 229 30 ( ( -LRB- 3358 229 31 Mahwah Mahwah NNP 3358 229 32 , , , 3358 229 33 N.J. New Jersey NNP 3358 229 34 : : : 3358 229 35 Lawrence Lawrence NNP 3358 229 36 Erlbaum Erlbaum NNP 3358 229 37 Assoc Assoc NNP 3358 229 38 . . . 3358 229 39 , , , 3358 229 40 2002 2002 CD 3358 229 41 ) ) -RRB- 3358 229 42 , , , 3358 229 43 441–63 441–63 CD 3358 229 44 . . . 3358 230 1 7 7 LS 3358 230 2 . . . 3358 231 1 T. T. NNP 3358 231 2 Fernandes Fernandes NNP 3358 231 3 , , , 3358 231 4 Global Global NNP 3358 231 5 Interface Interface NNP 3358 231 6 Design Design NNP 3358 231 7 ( ( -LRB- 3358 231 8 Boston Boston NNP 3358 231 9 : : : 3358 231 10 AP AP NNP 3358 231 11 Profes- Profes- NNP 3358 231 12 sional sional NN 3358 231 13 , , , 3358 231 14 1995 1995 CD 3358 231 15 ) ) -RRB- 3358 231 16 . . . 3358 232 1 8 8 LS 3358 232 2 . . . 3358 233 1 G. G. NNP 3358 233 2 Hofstede Hofstede NNP 3358 233 3 , , , 3358 233 4 Cultures Cultures NNPS 3358 233 5 and and CC 3358 233 6 Organizations organization NNS 3358 233 7 : : : 3358 233 8 Software software NN 3358 233 9 of of IN 3358 233 10 the the DT 3358 233 11 Mind mind NN 3358 233 12 ( ( -LRB- 3358 233 13 New New NNP 3358 233 14 York York NNP 3358 233 15 : : : 3358 233 16 McGraw McGraw NNP 3358 233 17 - - HYPH 3358 233 18 Hill Hill NNP 3358 233 19 , , , 3358 233 20 1991 1991 CD 3358 233 21 ) ) -RRB- 3358 233 22 . . . 3358 234 1 9 9 CD 3358 234 2 . . . 3358 235 1 Fernandes fernande NNS 3358 235 2 , , , 3358 235 3 Global Global NNP 3358 235 4 Interface Interface NNP 3358 235 5 Design Design NNP 3358 235 6 . . . 3358 236 1 10 10 CD 3358 236 2 . . . 3358 237 1 N. N. NNP 3358 237 2 Hoft Hoft NNP 3358 237 3 , , , 3358 237 4 “ " `` 3358 237 5 Developing develop VBG 3358 237 6 a a DT 3358 237 7 Cultural Cultural NNP 3358 237 8 Model Model NNP 3358 237 9 , , , 3358 237 10 ” " '' 3358 237 11 in in IN 3358 237 12 E. E. NNP 3358 237 13 del del NNP 3358 237 14 Galdo Galdo NNP 3358 237 15 and and CC 3358 237 16 J. J. NNP 3358 237 17 Nielsen Nielsen NNP 3358 237 18 , , , 3358 237 19 eds eds NNP 3358 237 20 . . NNP 3358 237 21 , , , 3358 237 22 International International NNP 3358 237 23 User User NNP 3358 237 24 Interfaces Interfaces NNP 3358 237 25 ( ( -LRB- 3358 237 26 New New NNP 3358 237 27 York York NNP 3358 237 28 : : : 3358 237 29 Wiley Wiley NNP 3358 237 30 , , , 3358 237 31 1996 1996 CD 3358 237 32 ) ) -RRB- 3358 237 33 , , , 3358 237 34 41–73 41–73 CD 3358 237 35 . . . 3358 238 1 11 11 CD 3358 238 2 . . . 3358 239 1 J. J. NNP 3358 239 2 Nielsen Nielsen NNP 3358 239 3 , , , 3358 239 4 “ " `` 3358 239 5 International International NNP 3358 239 6 Usability Usability NNP 3358 239 7 Engineering Engineering NNP 3358 239 8 , , , 3358 239 9 ” " '' 3358 239 10 in in IN 3358 239 11 E. E. NNP 3358 239 12 del del NNP 3358 239 13 Galdo Galdo NNP 3358 239 14 , , , 3358 239 15 and and CC 3358 239 16 J. J. NNP 3358 239 17 Nielsen Nielsen NNP 3358 239 18 , , , 3358 239 19 eds eds NNP 3358 239 20 . . NNP 3358 239 21 , , , 3358 239 22 International International NNP 3358 239 23 User User NNP 3358 239 24 Interfaces Interfaces NNP 3358 239 25 ( ( -LRB- 3358 239 26 New New NNP 3358 239 27 York York NNP 3358 239 28 : : : 3358 239 29 Wiley Wiley NNP 3358 239 30 , , , 3358 239 31 1996 1996 CD 3358 239 32 ) ) -RRB- 3358 239 33 , , , 3358 239 34 1–13 1–13 NNP 3358 239 35 . . . 3358 240 1 12 12 CD 3358 240 2 . . . 3358 241 1 C. C. NNP 3358 241 2 Borgman Borgman NNP 3358 241 3 , , , 3358 241 4 “ " `` 3358 241 5 Multimedia Multimedia NNP 3358 241 6 , , , 3358 241 7 Multicultural Multicultural NNP 3358 241 8 , , , 3358 241 9 and and CC 3358 241 10 Multilin- Multilin- NNP 3358 241 11 gual gual JJ 3358 241 12 Digital Digital NNP 3358 241 13 Libraries Libraries NNPS 3358 241 14 : : : 3358 241 15 Or or CC 3358 241 16 , , , 3358 241 17 How how WRB 3358 241 18 Do do VBP 3358 241 19 We -PRON- PRP 3358 241 20 Exchange Exchange NNP 3358 241 21 Data Data NNPS 3358 241 22 in in IN 3358 241 23 400 400 CD 3358 241 24 Languages language NNS 3358 241 25 ? ? . 3358 241 26 ” " '' 3358 241 27 D D NNP 3358 241 28 - - HYPH 3358 241 29 Lib Lib NNP 3358 241 30 Magazine Magazine NNP 3358 241 31 3 3 CD 3358 241 32 ( ( -LRB- 3358 241 33 June June NNP 3358 241 34 1997 1997 CD 3358 241 35 ) ) -RRB- 3358 241 36 . . . 3358 242 1 13 13 CD 3358 242 2 . . . 3358 243 1 I. I. NNP 3358 243 2 Witten Witten NNP 3358 243 3 et et FW 3358 243 4 al al NNP 3358 243 5 . . NNP 3358 243 6 , , , 3358 243 7 “ " `` 3358 243 8 Greenstone greenstone NN 3358 243 9 : : : 3358 243 10 A a DT 3358 243 11 Comprehensive Comprehensive NNP 3358 243 12 Open- Open- NNP 3358 243 13 Source Source NNP 3358 243 14 Digital Digital NNP 3358 243 15 Library Library NNP 3358 243 16 Software Software NNP 3358 243 17 System System NNP 3358 243 18 , , , 3358 243 19 ” " '' 3358 243 20 in in IN 3358 243 21 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 3358 243 22 of of IN 3358 243 23 Digital Digital NNP 3358 243 24 Libraries Libraries NNPS 3358 243 25 2000 2000 CD 3358 243 26 ( ( -LRB- 3358 243 27 New New NNP 3358 243 28 York York NNP 3358 243 29 : : : 3358 243 30 Association Association NNP 3358 243 31 for for IN 3358 243 32 Computing Computing NNP 3358 243 33 Machinery Machinery NNP 3358 243 34 , , , 3358 243 35 2000 2000 CD 3358 243 36 ) ) -RRB- 3358 243 37 , , , 3358 243 38 113–21 113–21 CD 3358 243 39 . . . 3358 244 1 14 14 CD 3358 244 2 . . . 3358 245 1 G. G. NNP 3358 245 2 Perlman Perlman NNP 3358 245 3 , , , 3358 245 4 “ " `` 3358 245 5 The the DT 3358 245 6 FirstSearch FirstSearch NNP 3358 245 7 User User NNP 3358 245 8 Interface Interface NNP 3358 245 9 Architecture Architecture NNP 3358 245 10 : : : 3358 245 11 Universal Universal NNP 3358 245 12 Access Access NNP 3358 245 13 for for IN 3358 245 14 Any any DT 3358 245 15 User User NNP 3358 245 16 , , , 3358 245 17 in in IN 3358 245 18 Many Many NNP 3358 245 19 Languages Languages NNPS 3358 245 20 , , , 3358 245 21 on on IN 3358 245 22 Any any DT 3358 245 23 Platform Platform NNP 3358 245 24 , , , 3358 245 25 ” " '' 3358 245 26 in in IN 3358 245 27 CUU CUU NNP 3358 245 28 2000 2000 CD 3358 245 29 Conference Conference NNP 3358 245 30 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 3358 245 31 ( ( -LRB- 3358 245 32 New New NNP 3358 245 33 York York NNP 3358 245 34 : : : 3358 245 35 Asso- asso- IN 3358 245 36 ciation ciation NN 3358 245 37 for for IN 3358 245 38 Computing Computing NNP 3358 245 39 Machinery Machinery NNP 3358 245 40 , , , 3358 245 41 2000 2000 CD 3358 245 42 ) ) -RRB- 3358 245 43 , , , 3358 245 44 1–8 1–8 CD 3358 245 45 . . . 3358 246 1 15 15 CD 3358 246 2 . . . 3358 247 1 S. S. NNP 3358 247 2 Perugini Perugini NNP 3358 247 3 et et NNP 3358 247 4 al al NNP 3358 247 5 . . NNP 3358 247 6 , , , 3358 247 7 “ " `` 3358 247 8 Enhancing enhance VBG 3358 247 9 Usability Usability NNP 3358 247 10 in in IN 3358 247 11 CITIDEL CITIDEL NNP 3358 247 12 : : : 3358 247 13 Mul- Mul- NNP 3358 247 14 timodal timodal NN 3358 247 15 , , , 3358 247 16 Multilingual Multilingual NNP 3358 247 17 , , , 3358 247 18 and and CC 3358 247 19 Interactive Interactive NNP 3358 247 20 Visualization Visualization NNP 3358 247 21 Interfaces Interfaces NNPS 3358 247 22 , , , 3358 247 23 ” " '' 3358 247 24 in in IN 3358 247 25 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 3358 247 26 of of IN 3358 247 27 JCDL JCDL NNP 3358 247 28 ‘ ' `` 3358 247 29 04 04 CD 3358 247 30 ( ( -LRB- 3358 247 31 New New NNP 3358 247 32 York York NNP 3358 247 33 : : : 3358 247 34 Association Association NNP 3358 247 35 for for IN 3358 247 36 Computing Computing NNP 3358 247 37 Machinery Machinery NNP 3358 247 38 , , , 3358 247 39 2004 2004 CD 3358 247 40 ) ) -RRB- 3358 247 41 , , , 3358 247 42 315–24 315–24 CD 3358 247 43 . . . 3358 248 1 16 16 CD 3358 248 2 . . . 3358 249 1 Witten Witten NNP 3358 249 2 et et FW 3358 249 3 al al NNP 3358 249 4 . . NNP 3358 249 5 , , , 3358 249 6 “ " `` 3358 249 7 The the DT 3358 249 8 Promise Promise NNP 3358 249 9 of of IN 3358 249 10 Digital Digital NNP 3358 249 11 Libraries Libraries NNPS 3358 249 12 in in IN 3358 249 13 Devel- Devel- NNP 3358 249 14 oping oping NN 3358 249 15 Countries Countries NNPS 3358 249 16 ” " '' 3358 249 17 ; ; : 3358 249 18 Downie Downie NNP 3358 249 19 , , , 3358 249 20 “ " `` 3358 249 21 Four four CD 3358 249 22 Important important JJ 3358 249 23 Principles principle NNS 3358 249 24 . . . 3358 249 25 ” " '' 3358 249 26 17 17 CD 3358 249 27 . . . 3358 250 1 E. E. NNP 3358 250 2 Duncker Duncker NNP 3358 250 3 , , , 3358 250 4 “ " `` 3358 250 5 Cross Cross NNP 3358 250 6 - - NNP 3358 250 7 Cultural Cultural NNP 3358 250 8 Usability Usability NNP 3358 250 9 of of IN 3358 250 10 the the DT 3358 250 11 Library Library NNP 3358 250 12 Metaphor Metaphor NNP 3358 250 13 , , , 3358 250 14 ” " '' 3358 250 15 in in IN 3358 250 16 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 3358 250 17 of of IN 3358 250 18 JCDL JCDL NNP 3358 250 19 ‘ ' `` 3358 250 20 02 02 CD 3358 250 21 ( ( -LRB- 3358 250 22 New New NNP 3358 250 23 York York NNP 3358 250 24 : : : 3358 250 25 Association Association NNP 3358 250 26 for for IN 3358 250 27 Computing Computing NNP 3358 250 28 Machinery Machinery NNP 3358 250 29 , , , 3358 250 30 2002 2002 CD 3358 250 31 ) ) -RRB- 3358 250 32 , , , 3358 250 33 223–30 223–30 CD 3358 250 34 . . . 3358 251 1 18 18 CD 3358 251 2 . . . 3358 252 1 P. P. NNP 3358 252 2 Moore Moore NNP 3358 252 3 , , , 3358 252 4 and and CC 3358 252 5 A. a. NN 3358 252 6 St. St. NNP 3358 252 7 George George NNP 3358 252 8 , , , 3358 252 9 “ " `` 3358 252 10 Children child NNS 3358 252 11 as as IN 3358 252 12 Information Information NNP 3358 252 13 Seekers Seekers NNPS 3358 252 14 : : : 3358 252 15 The the DT 3358 252 16 Cognitive Cognitive NNP 3358 252 17 Demands Demands NNPS 3358 252 18 of of IN 3358 252 19 Books Books NNPS 3358 252 20 and and CC 3358 252 21 Library Library NNP 3358 252 22 Sys- Sys- NNP 3358 252 23 tems tem NNS 3358 252 24 , , , 3358 252 25 ” " '' 3358 252 26 School School NNP 3358 252 27 Library Library NNP 3358 252 28 Media Media NNP 3358 252 29 Quarterly Quarterly NNP 3358 252 30 19 19 CD 3358 252 31 ( ( -LRB- 3358 252 32 1991 1991 CD 3358 252 33 ) ) -RRB- 3358 252 34 : : : 3358 252 35 161–68 161–68 CD 3358 252 36 ; ; : 3358 252 37 P. P. NNP 3358 252 38 Solomon Solomon NNP 3358 252 39 , , , 3358 252 40 “ " `` 3358 252 41 Children child NNS 3358 252 42 ’s ’s POS 3358 252 43 Information Information NNP 3358 252 44 Retrieval Retrieval NNP 3358 252 45 Behavior Behavior NNP 3358 252 46 : : : 3358 252 47 A a DT 3358 252 48 Case Case NNP 3358 252 49 Analysis Analysis NNP 3358 252 50 of of IN 3358 252 51 an an DT 3358 252 52 OPAC OPAC NNP 3358 252 53 , , , 3358 252 54 ” " '' 3358 252 55 Journal Journal NNP 3358 252 56 of of IN 3358 252 57 the the DT 3358 252 58 American American NNP 3358 252 59 Society Society NNP 3358 252 60 for for IN 3358 252 61 Informa- Informa- NNP 3358 252 62 tion tion NN 3358 252 63 Science Science NNP 3358 252 64 and and CC 3358 252 65 Technology Technology NNP 3358 252 66 44 44 CD 3358 252 67 , , , 3358 252 68 no no UH 3358 252 69 . . . 3358 253 1 5 5 CD 3358 253 2 ( ( -LRB- 3358 253 3 1993 1993 CD 3358 253 4 ) ) -RRB- 3358 253 5 : : : 3358 253 6 245–64 245–64 CD 3358 253 7 ; ; : 3358 253 8 Busey Busey NNP 3358 253 9 and and CC 3358 253 10 Doerr Doerr NNP 3358 253 11 , , , 3358 253 12 “ " `` 3358 253 13 Kid Kid NNP 3358 253 14 ’s ’s NNP 3358 253 15 Catalog Catalog NNP 3358 253 16 , , , 3358 253 17 ” " '' 3358 253 18 77–84 77–84 ADD 3358 253 19 . . . 3358 254 1 19 19 CD 3358 254 2 . . . 3358 255 1 A. A. NNP 3358 255 2 Pejtersen Pejtersen NNP 3358 255 3 , , , 3358 255 4 “ " `` 3358 255 5 A a DT 3358 255 6 Library library JJ 3358 255 7 System system NN 3358 255 8 for for IN 3358 255 9 Information Information NNP 3358 255 10 Retrieval Retrieval NNP 3358 255 11 Based base VBN 3358 255 12 on on IN 3358 255 13 a a DT 3358 255 14 Cognitive Cognitive NNP 3358 255 15 Task Task NNP 3358 255 16 Analysis Analysis NNP 3358 255 17 and and CC 3358 255 18 Supported support VBN 3358 255 19 by by IN 3358 255 20 an an DT 3358 255 21 Icon- Icon- NNP 3358 255 22 Based base VBN 3358 255 23 Interface Interface NNP 3358 255 24 , , , 3358 255 25 ” " '' 3358 255 26 ACM ACM NNP 3358 255 27 Conference Conference NNP 3358 255 28 on on IN 3358 255 29 Information Information NNP 3358 255 30 Retrieval Retrieval NNP 3358 255 31 ( ( -LRB- 3358 255 32 New New NNP 3358 255 33 York York NNP 3358 255 34 : : : 3358 255 35 Association Association NNP 3358 255 36 for for IN 3358 255 37 Computing Computing NNP 3358 255 38 Machinery Machinery NNP 3358 255 39 , , , 3358 255 40 1989 1989 CD 3358 255 41 ) ) -RRB- 3358 255 42 , , , 3358 255 43 40–47 40–47 CD 3358 255 44 . . . 3358 256 1 20 20 CD 3358 256 2 . . . 3358 257 1 Külper Külper NNP 3358 257 2 et et FW 3358 257 3 al al NNP 3358 257 4 . . NNP 3358 257 5 , , , 3358 257 6 “ " `` 3358 257 7 Bücherschatz Bücherschatz NNP 3358 257 8 — — : 3358 257 9 A a DT 3358 257 10 Prototype Prototype NNP 3358 257 11 of of IN 3358 257 12 a a DT 3358 257 13 Children Children NNP 3358 257 14 ’s ’s POS 3358 257 15 OPAC OPAC NNP 3358 257 16 , , , 3358 257 17 ” " '' 3358 257 18 201–14 201–14 CD 3358 257 19 . . . 3358 258 1 21 21 CD 3358 258 2 . . . 3358 259 1 Druin Druin NNP 3358 259 2 et et NNP 3358 259 3 al al NNP 3358 259 4 . . NNP 3358 259 5 , , , 3358 259 6 “ " `` 3358 259 7 Designing design VBG 3358 259 8 a a DT 3358 259 9 Digital Digital NNP 3358 259 10 Library Library NNP 3358 259 11 , , , 3358 259 12 ” " '' 3358 259 13 398–405 398–405 CD 3358 259 14 . . . 3358 260 1 22 22 CD 3358 260 2 . . . 3358 261 1 Y. Y. NNP 3358 261 2 Theng Theng NNP 3358 261 3 et et FW 3358 261 4 al al NNP 3358 261 5 . . NNP 3358 261 6 , , , 3358 261 7 “ " `` 3358 261 8 Dynamic Dynamic NNP 3358 261 9 Digital digital JJ 3358 261 10 Libraries library NNS 3358 261 11 for for IN 3358 261 12 Children Children NNPS 3358 261 13 , , , 3358 261 14 ” " '' 3358 261 15 in in IN 3358 261 16 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 3358 261 17 of of IN 3358 261 18 the the DT 3358 261 19 Joint Joint NNP 3358 261 20 Conference Conference NNP 3358 261 21 on on IN 3358 261 22 Digital Digital NNP 3358 261 23 Libraries Libraries NNPS 3358 261 24 ( ( -LRB- 3358 261 25 New New NNP 3358 261 26 York York NNP 3358 261 27 : : : 3358 261 28 Association Association NNP 3358 261 29 for for IN 3358 261 30 Computing Computing NNP 3358 261 31 Machinery Machinery NNP 3358 261 32 , , , 3358 261 33 2001 2001 CD 3358 261 34 ) ) -RRB- 3358 261 35 , , , 3358 261 36 406–15 406–15 CD 3358 261 37 . . . 3358 262 1 23 23 CD 3358 262 2 . . . 3358 263 1 A. A. NNP 3358 263 2 Druin Druin NNP 3358 263 3 , , , 3358 263 4 “ " `` 3358 263 5 Cooperative cooperative JJ 3358 263 6 Inquiry inquiry NN 3358 263 7 : : : 3358 263 8 Developing develop VBG 3358 263 9 New New NNP 3358 263 10 Tech- tech- NN 3358 263 11 nologies nologie NNS 3358 263 12 for for IN 3358 263 13 Children child NNS 3358 263 14 with with IN 3358 263 15 Children Children NNPS 3358 263 16 , , , 3358 263 17 ” " '' 3358 263 18 in in IN 3358 263 19 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 3358 263 20 of of IN 3358 263 21 Human Human NNP 3358 263 22 Factors Factors NNPS 3358 263 23 in in IN 3358 263 24 Computing Computing NNP 3358 263 25 ( ( -LRB- 3358 263 26 New New NNP 3358 263 27 York York NNP 3358 263 28 : : : 3358 263 29 Association Association NNP 3358 263 30 for for IN 3358 263 31 Computing Computing NNP 3358 263 32 Machinery Machinery NNP 3358 263 33 , , , 3358 263 34 1999 1999 CD 3358 263 35 ) ) -RRB- 3358 263 36 , , , 3358 263 37 592–99 592–99 CD 3358 263 38 . . . 3358 264 1 24 24 CD 3358 264 2 . . . 3358 265 1 J. J. NNP 3358 265 2 Hourcade Hourcade NNP 3358 265 3 et et FW 3358 265 4 al al NNP 3358 265 5 . . NNP 3358 265 6 , , , 3358 265 7 “ " `` 3358 265 8 The the DT 3358 265 9 International International NNP 3358 265 10 Children Children NNPS 3358 265 11 ’s ’s POS 3358 265 12 Digital Digital NNP 3358 265 13 Library Library NNP 3358 265 14 : : : 3358 265 15 Viewing view VBG 3358 265 16 Digital Digital NNP 3358 265 17 Books book NNS 3358 265 18 Online online RB 3358 265 19 , , , 3358 265 20 ” " '' 3358 265 21 Interacting interact VBG 3358 265 22 with with IN 3358 265 23 Comput- Comput- NNP 3358 265 24 ers ers NNP 3358 265 25 15 15 CD 3358 265 26 ( ( -LRB- 3358 265 27 2003 2003 CD 3358 265 28 ) ) -RRB- 3358 265 29 : : : 3358 265 30 151–67 151–67 CD 3358 265 31 . . . 3358 266 1 25 25 CD 3358 266 2 . . . 3358 267 1 K. K. NNP 3358 267 2 Reuter Reuter NNP 3358 267 3 and and CC 3358 267 4 A. A. NNP 3358 267 5 Druin Druin NNP 3358 267 6 , , , 3358 267 7 “ " `` 3358 267 8 Bringing bring VBG 3358 267 9 Together together RB 3358 267 10 Children Children NNPS 3358 267 11 and and CC 3358 267 12 Books Books NNPS 3358 267 13 : : : 3358 267 14 An an DT 3358 267 15 Initial Initial NNP 3358 267 16 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 3358 267 17 Study Study NNP 3358 267 18 of of IN 3358 267 19 Children Children NNPS 3358 267 20 ’s ’s POS 3358 267 21 Book Book NNP 3358 267 22 Search- Search- NNP 3358 267 23 ing ing NNP 3358 267 24 and and CC 3358 267 25 Selection Selection NNP 3358 267 26 Behavior Behavior NNP 3358 267 27 in in IN 3358 267 28 a a DT 3358 267 29 Digital Digital NNP 3358 267 30 Library Library NNP 3358 267 31 , , , 3358 267 32 ” " '' 3358 267 33 in in IN 3358 267 34 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 3358 267 35 of of IN 3358 267 36 American American NNP 3358 267 37 Society Society NNP 3358 267 38 for for IN 3358 267 39 Information Information NNP 3358 267 40 Science Science NNP 3358 267 41 and and CC 3358 267 42 Technology Technology NNP 3358 267 43 Conference Conference NNP 3358 267 44 ( ( -LRB- 3358 267 45 in in IN 3358 267 46 press press NN 3358 267 47 ) ) -RRB- 3358 267 48 . . . 3358 268 1 26 26 CD 3358 268 2 . . . 3358 268 3 International International NNP 3358 268 4 Youth Youth NNP 3358 268 5 Library Library NNP 3358 268 6 , , , 3358 268 7 The the DT 3358 268 8 White White NNP 3358 268 9 Ravens Ravens NNP 3358 268 10 2004 2004 CD 3358 268 11 . . . 3358 269 1 Avail- avail- DT 3358 269 2 able able JJ 3358 269 3 for for IN 3358 269 4 purchase purchase NN 3358 269 5 at at IN 3358 269 6 . . . 3358 270 1 www.ijb.de/index2.html www.ijb.de/index2.html CD 3358 270 2 ( ( -LRB- 3358 270 3 accessed access VBN 3358 270 4 Dec. December NNP 3358 270 5 16 16 CD 3358 270 6 , , , 3358 270 7 2004 2004 CD 3358 270 8 ) ) -RRB- 3358 270 9 . . . 3358 271 1 27 27 CD 3358 271 2 . . . 3358 272 1 Dublin Dublin NNP 3358 272 2 Core Core NNP 3358 272 3 Metadata Metadata NNP 3358 272 4 Initiative Initiative NNP 3358 272 5 . . . 3358 273 1 Accessed Accessed NNP 3358 273 2 Dec. December NNP 3358 273 3 16 16 CD 3358 273 4 , , , 3358 273 5 2004 2004 CD 3358 273 6 , , , 3358 273 7 www.dublincore.org www.dublincore.org NNP 3358 273 8 . . . 3358 274 1 28 28 CD 3358 274 2 . . . 3358 275 1 Unicode Unicode NNP 3358 275 2 Consortium Consortium NNP 3358 275 3 ( ( -LRB- 3358 275 4 2004 2004 CD 3358 275 5 ) ) -RRB- 3358 275 6 . . . 3358 276 1 Accessed Accessed NNP 3358 276 2 Dec. December NNP 3358 276 3 16 16 CD 3358 276 4 , , , 3358 276 5 2004 2004 CD 3358 276 6 , , , 3358 276 7 www.unicode.org www.unicode.org ADD 3358 276 8 . . . 3358 277 1 29 29 CD 3358 277 2 . . . 3358 278 1 J. J. NNP 3358 278 2 Harris Harris NNP 3358 278 3 , , , 3358 278 4 Where where WRB 3358 278 5 ’s ’ VBZ 3358 278 6 the the DT 3358 278 7 Bear Bear NNP 3358 278 8 ? ? . 3358 279 1 ( ( -LRB- 3358 279 2 Los Los NNP 3358 279 3 Angeles Angeles NNP 3358 279 4 : : : 3358 279 5 The the DT 3358 279 6 J. J. NNP 3358 279 7 Paul Paul NNP 3358 279 8 Getty Getty NNP 3358 279 9 Museum Museum NNP 3358 279 10 , , , 3358 279 11 1997 1997 CD 3358 279 12 ) ) -RRB- 3358 279 13 . . . 3358 280 1 30 30 CD 3358 280 2 . . . 3358 281 1 Perugini Perugini NNP 3358 281 2 et et NNP 3358 281 3 al al NNP 3358 281 4 . . NNP 3358 281 5 , , , 3358 281 6 “ " `` 3358 281 7 Enhancing enhance VBG 3358 281 8 Usability Usability NNP 3358 281 9 in in IN 3358 281 10 CITIDEL CITIDEL NNP 3358 281 11 , , , 3358 281 12 ” " '' 3358 281 13 315–24 315–24 CD 3358 281 14 . . .