id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt en-wikipedia-org-4204 Judaism - Wikipedia .html text/html 24737 2655 65 Judaism (Hebrew: יהדות‎, Yahadut; originally from Hebrew יהודה, Yehudah, "Judah", via Greek Judaismes[2][3][4]) is an ethnic religion comprising the collective religious, cultural, and legal tradition and civilization of the Jewish people.[5][6][7] Judaism is considered by religious Jews to be the expression of the covenant that God established with the Children of Israel.[8] It encompasses a wide body of texts, practices, theological positions, and forms of organization. Within Judaism there are a variety of religious movements, most of which emerged from Rabbinic Judaism,[10][11] which holds that God revealed his laws and commandments to Moses on Mount Sinai in the form of both the Written and Oral Torah.[12] Historically, all or part of this assertion was challenged by various groups such as the Sadducees and Hellenistic Judaism during the Second Temple period;[10][13] the Karaites during the early and later medieval period; and among segments of the modern non-Orthodox denominations.[14] Some modern branches of Judaism such as Humanistic Judaism may be considered secular or nontheistic.[15][16] Today, the largest Jewish religious movements are Orthodox Judaism (Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism), Conservative Judaism, and Reform Judaism. ./cache/en-wikipedia-org-4204.html ./txt/en-wikipedia-org-4204.txt