id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
work_vseft6owjzaldjff47go6opmbu	John Van Kesteren	Assessing the risk and prevalence of hate crime victimization in Western Europe	2016	23	.pdf	application/pdf	12801	1254	57	This article presents results of multivariate and multi-level analyses of data on hate crime victimization from 14 Western European nations. of individual risks of being victimized by hate crime show that young age and migrant status are the most important independent risk factors of hate crime victimization at the individual level. attainment of European regions are associated with higher levels of hate crime victimization cannot Hate crime, migrants, victimization survey, risk factors, multi-level analysis, integrated threat the manner in which the key concepts of hate crime and immigrant status were defined and operationalized in the ICVS 2005 and in the other victimization surveys mentioned. independent variables we included factors known to be associated with risks of criminal victimization (age, gender, city size, lifestyle, income, education, and marital status) as well as migrant The results of our multi-level analysis of survey-based data on hate crime victimization in Western	./cache/work_vseft6owjzaldjff47go6opmbu.pdf	./txt/work_vseft6owjzaldjff47go6opmbu.txt