APPENDIX Proceedings or the Thirty-ninth Meeting of the Modern Language Association of America held on the Invitation of The University of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, December 28, 29, 30, 1922 Minutes of the Twenty-seventh Annual Meeting of the Central Division of the Association HELD AT Chicago, Illinois December 28, 29, 30, 1922 Minutes of the Twenty-fourth Annual Meeting of THE Philological Association of the Pacific Coast HELD AT San Francisco, California, December 1 and 2, 1922 Address by the Chairman of the Central Division William A. Nitze, “Modern Language Scholarship: an Enquiry.” “The Market for the Scholarly Book,” By Dr. Alexander Green “Author vs. Publisher,” By Professor James Geddes, Jr. THE MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA The thirty-ninth meeting of the Modern Language Association of America was held under the auspices of the University of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia, December 28, 29, 30, 1922. All the sessions were held in the buildings of the University of Pennsylvania. FIRST SESSION, THURSDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 28 The first session of the Association was devoted to Group Meetings, which were held in two Divisions, those of the First Division from 9:30 until 11 o’clock, and of the Second from 11:30 until 1 o’clock. FIRST DIVISION 9:30 A. M. {General Topics III) General Problems in ^Esthetics, Chairman, Professor Fred N. Scott. Mr. F. W. Peterson (University of Michigan) was elected Secretary of the Group. The following papers were read and discussed: 1. “Art for Art’s Sake,” by Professor Rose F. Egan. 2. “The Laws of Sentence and Paragraph Length,” by Professor Theodore T. Stenberg. 3. “The Concept of Utility in Art,” by Dr. Charles E. Whitmore. [See “Two Notes on Esthetics” in Journal of Philosophy for December 21, 1922.] On account of his intention of being abroad next year, Professor Scott declined re-election as chairman. Sixteen persons were present. Fred N. Scott, Chairman. {Comparative Literature II) Popular Literature. Chairman, Professor Arthur Beatty. The following papers were read and discussed informally: 1. “The Ballad Collection of Anthony Wood,” by Professor Hyder E. Rollins. 2. “The Conditions of Ballad Making,” by Professor G. H. Gerould. 3. “The Term ‘Communal’ and Folk-Song,” by Professor Louise Pound. It was decided to continue the Group and to prepare a program for the meeting at Ann Arbor. Professor Pound was elected Chairman for the coming year with the power to appoint a Secretary. Arthur Beatty, Chairman. (English I) Middle English Language. Chairman, Professor Howard R. Patch. A paper entitled “An Essay on Middle English Projects” was presented by Professor 0. F. Emerson. The paper was discussed by Professors Samuel Moore, Wm. E. Mead, and Dr. Henry B. Hinckley. Particular interest was expressed in the project of a Middle English dictionary and on the motion of Professor Moore it was voted to appoint a committee to cooperate in the project and in particular to make suggestions concerning the plan of the proposed dictionary. The Chairman ap­ pointed as this committee, Professors 0. F. Emerson (Chair­ man), Thomas A. Knott, R. J. Menner, Samuel Moore, James F. Royster, and J. S. P. Tatlock. A paper on “Problems and Methods in the Investigation in Early English Morphology” was read by Professor Samuel Moore and discussed by Professors Emerson, Menner and the Chairman. It was voted that the present officers of the Group be continued. Robert J. Menner, Secretary. (English VI) Philosophy and Literature in the Classical Period. Chairman, Professor James W. Tupper. Pro­ fessor Percy H. Houston having resigned the Secretary­ ship, Professor Henry M. Dargan was appointed Acting Secretary. The following papers were read: 1. “The Uses of Philosophy in the Study of Neo-Classical Literature,” by Professor F. B. Kaye. 2. “Dryden’s Miscellany as a Barometer of the Tastes and Interests in the Classical Period,” by Professor R. D. Havens. 3. “A Change in Prepossession towards a Study of the Eighteenth Century,” by Professor R. H. Griffith. The Chairman requested all those present at the meeting to hand their names to the Acting Secretary together with lists of topics in which they were specially interested, so that a bulletin might be prepared and sent to members of the Group showing the range of interests and the research in progress in this field. In the discussion that followed, it was moved, by Professor Ronald Crane, and carried: That philosophic ideas and aspects in literature between 1660 and 1750 be regarded as the dominant interest in the joint activities of the Group. This resolution was interpreted as a means of crystallizing the general feeling of the membership in favor of a definite program for the work of the Group as a whole; it was pointed out, however, that the resolution was not so phrased as to limit the natural scope of research in the period or to restrict the topics for presentation at future meetings. It was voted that the present officers of the Group be con­ tinued, with the duty of preparing bulletins and arranging the programme. H. M. Dargan, Acting Secretary. {English X) The Study of Contemporary Literature. No report of the meeting of this Group has been received. {French IV) Nineteenth Century French Literature. Chair­ man, Professor Christian Gauss. Professor Geoffroy Atkinson was appointed Secretary. The following papers were presented: 1. “What is Realism?” by Professor Olin H. Moore. 2. “The Balzac Collection at Chantilly,” by Dr. Walter S. Hastings. Dr. Hastings placed a complete copy of the catalogue of the Lovenjoul Balzac Collection at the disposal of the members of the Group. The attendance was in the neighborhood of sixty. Pro­ fessor Gilbert Chinard was elected Chairman for the coming year. Christian Gauss, Chairman. (German II) New Work on Goethe. Chairman, Gustav Gruener. The following papers were read: 1. “An Ovidian Prototype of a Character in Wilhelm Meister,” by Dr. F. Stanton Cawley (Harvard University). 2. “Faustiana in the Yale University Library,” by Dr. William A. Speck, Curator of the Yale University Library. 3. “Konrat Ziegler’s Gedanken fiber Faust II," by Professor J. F. L. Raschen. 4. “Der Streit fur und wider das Joseph-Gedicht,” by Professor Carl F. Schreiber. The Group was unusually well attended. Professor J. F. L. Raschen was appointed Chairman and Professor Schreiber was continued as Secretary for the coming year. Carl F. Schreiber, Secretary. SECOND DIVISION, 11:30 A. M. (General Topics I) Poetic Form (Metrics). Chairman, Professor Morris W. Croll, Princeton University. Professor Alden described a method of study by which he thinks that it is possible to arrive at some laws governing the relation of phrasal division and metrical division. Prof. Kenyon of Hiram College read a paper on the word-accents and how they affect the rhythm of verse. Prof. A. R. Morris of Michigan reported the results of his laboratory studies in the relation of time, pitch, and stress in verse- rhythm. Dr. Henry Savage of Princeton presented an ab­ stract of Professor Leonard’s views concerning the rhythmic law of the long alliterative line in Anglo-Saxon and Middle- English. The discussion of all these papers was unfortunately- truncated by time-limitations. It was generally agreed that the program for next year should consist of the discussion of the discussion of a single topic of proper magnitude. The Chairman reported the result of the study of metrical notation ordered last year. It was moved and unanimously ordered that the following resolution be presented to the Association: That a committee of five be appointed by the Association to consider the present state of metrical notation, and to recommend, if possible, a single uniform method of notation, or, if necessary, two alternative methods, for use in books and schools. This resolution was presented at the Thursday afternoon session of the Association and adopted without dissent. The number in attendance was forty-five. The present chairman was re-elected and authorized to prepare the pro- gram for next year. w chairnan. (English IV) New Work on Shakespeare. Chairman, Pro­ fessor Lewis F. Mott. A paper, “M. Abel Lefranc’s Recent Work on Shaks- spere,” was presented by Professor Oscar J. Campbell. Professor Ashley H. Thorndike discussed informally “Recent Textual Theories,” and Professor Tucker Brooke discussed “Shakspere’s Plots.” Professor Tucker Brooke was appointed Chairman for the coming year. Lewis F. Mott, Chairman. (English VII) Literary Tendencies in the Second Half of the xvnith Century. Chairman, Professor R. S. Crane; Secretary, Professor John W. Draper. The following papers were read, all dealing with the sources, methods, and general results of investigations now in progress: E. A. Aldrich, “Scottish Literary Centers in the later xvnith Century”; Paul Kaufman, “The Rise and Influence of the Conception of ‘Original Genius’”; B. S. Allen, “Some Relations between Literature and the Theory of Design in the later xvmth Century.” Professor J. L. Lowes made a vigorous plea for a more active study of the periodicals of the later xvmth century especially from the point of view of their bearing on the preparation for Romanticism. In the course of the discussion which followed Professor F. B. Kaye announced that he is engaged, in collaboration with the Chairman of the group, in the preparation of a bibliography of English and European periodicals to the end of the xvmth century. It was voted that the present officers be continued for another year. The Chairman announced that he proposed to issue two further numbers of the group Bulletin during the coming year, and that copies would be sent to any persons who would inform him of their desire to receive them. R. S. Crane, Chairman. {French II) French Mediaeval Literature. Chairman, Professor George L. Hamilton. A paper on “The Possibilities and Limitations in the Construction of Manuscripts Themes,” by Professor Charles H. Livingston was presented. The paper was discussed by Professors Raymond Weeks, E. C. Armstrong, D. S. Blond- heim and the Chairman. Professor D. S. Blondheim was elected Chairman for the coming year. George L. Hamilton, Chairman. {German III) German Literature from a Social Point of View. Chairman, Professor Albert B. Faust. Four carefully prepared papers were read, as follows: 1. “German Literature from the Point of View of Soci­ ology,” by Professor Camillo von Klenze. 2. “Social Questions in German Literature of the xvmth Century, by Dr. Edwin H. Zeydel. 3. “Hebbel’s Conception of the Drama as a Function of Social Self Consciousness,” by Professor T. Moody Camp­ bell. 4. “Heyse and ^Esthetic Indifference toward the Social Question,” by Professor McBurney Mitchell. In the succeeding discussion, participated in to the limit of time by a large attendance, additional bibliography was presented and the following topics were introduced and debated: (1) “Social conditions as reflected in the works of Gerhart Hauptmann and modern authors,” (2) “The antithesis between the social point of view and the purely artistic point of view of literature.” The business of providing for the next year’s meeting of the Group was postponed. Albert B. Faust, Chairman. (Slavonic I) Slavonic Languages and Literatures. Chairman, Dr. Clarence A. Manning. This Group met for the purposes of organization; it is the first attempt to organize Slavonic scholars of this country as a component part of one of the American Learned Societies. There was, unfortunately, a small attendance, but the Chairman announced that he had received assurances of support from Professors George R. Noyes (University of California), Samuel N. Harper (University of Chicago), and other Slavonic scholars, who were unable to be present. It was voted to continue the Group in the expectation that sufficient membership would be secured to justify its perma­ nent organization. Clarence A. Manning, Chairman. (Spanish II} Spanish Literature since the Renaissance. Chairman, Professor J. P. W. Crawford. A paper on “The ‘Who’s Who’ in poetry of the xvith century” was read by Professor R. Hayward Keniston and was discussed by Professors Crawford, Solalinde, and Marden. It was voted that the Group be continued and that the subject for the coining year be in the field of the Golden Age. It was voted that Professor Keniston be the representative of the Group for next year and that he arrange the program in consultation with the Group representative of the Central Division. There were thirty-six persons in attendance. Louis Imbert, Secretary. At one o’clock the members of the Association were the guests of the University of Pennsylvania at a luncheon given in Houston Hall. SECOND SESSION, THURSDAY AFTERNOON, DECEMBER 28 AUDITORIUM, HOUSTON HALL The Association was called to order by the President, Professor Raymond Weeks, at 2:40 p. m. The Association was welcomed to Philadelphia by Dr. Josiah H. Penniman, Provost of the University of Pennsylvania. The Secretary of the Association, Professor Carleton Brown, presented as his formal report Vol. xxxvii of the Publications of the Association. He called attention to the fact that during the year the number of pages in the Publica­ tions devoted to papers amounted to 739, an increase of 72 over the preceding year. The membership of the Association had also shown a gratifying increase: as compared with the 1649 members reported at Baltimore the number on the roll at the date of this report was 1906, and in addition twenty other persons had paid in membership fees to date from January 1, 1923. The Secretary also announced that Professor Alexander Hohlfeld, one of the Trustees of the Permanent Fund, had resigned his office, and that the Executive Council had elected as his successor Professor George H. Nettleton, Acting President of Vassar College. It was voted to accept the Secretary’s report. The following report was submitted on behalf of the Trustees of the Permanent Fund by Mr. LeRoy E. Kimball, Managing Trustee: REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE PERMANENT FUND FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER, 27, 1922 Receipts Balance with the Central Trust Company, Cambridge, Mass., as of December 27, 1921.................................... $ 763.62 Interest received from the Central Trust Company for the period ending December 31, 1921.......................... 14.37 Interest received from the Central Trust Company for the period ending June 30, 1922.................................... 19.08 Cash contra for capital account........................................ 16.00 Life Membership payments from seventeen members received from the Treasurer........................................... S60.00 November 15, 1922 interest on $8,300. Liberty Bonds at 4J4%............................................................................ 176.36 Interest received from the Guaranty Trust Company for the period ending November 30, 1922.......................... 8.87 Total.......................................................................................$1,558.30 Disbursements and Balances To Carleton Brown, Treasurer, Central Trust Company interest payments............................................................ $ United States Trust Company of New York for the pur­ chase of $550.00 Fourth 4J4% Liberty Bonds due 1938................................................................................... Guaranty Trust Company interest................................... Liberty Bond Interest......................................................... Uninvested funds in the hands of the United States Trust Company................................................................ Deposit with the Central Trust Company...................... Total....................................................................................... $1,558.30 Permanent Fund $8,300. United States Second L. L. Bonds 4J4% Con­ verted due 1942................................................................$7,171.38 $550. United States Fourth L. L. Bonds 4J4% due 1938.................................................................................... Liberty Bond interest converted to capital account.... Uninvested funds with U. S. Trust Company........ ■.... Deposit with the Central Trust Company which will be invested after the interest for the six months ending December 31, 1922 has been earned............................. Total of the endowment account...................................... $8,687.36 33.45 547.42 8.87 176.36 28.58 763.62 547.42 176.36 28.58 763.62 BRIGHT-VON JAGEMANN SPECIAL TRUST FUND Receipts From Carleton Brown, Treasurer...................................................... $5,175.48 Disbursements To the United States Trust Company of New York for the purchase of $5,000. New York Central 5% Bonds due 2013............................................................................$4,912.36 To the United States Trust Company of New York for the purchase of $250. Fourth L. L. 4J4% bonds due 1938.................................................................................... 248.82 Uninvested funds in the hands of the United States Trust Company............................................................... 14.30 Total.......................................................................................$5,175.48 Respectfully submitted, LeRoy E. Kimball, Edward C. Armstrong, George H. Nettleton. The Treasurer of the Association, Professor Carleton Brown, presented the following report: A. RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES Receipts Balance on hand December 31, 1921...............................................$ 1,971.15 From members, for 1908-1918........................$ 40.50 it a “ 1919...................... .......... 12.00 u u “ 1920.................................. 65.50 li a “ 1921..................... .......... 322.67 u ll “ 1922.................................. 6,301.63 a a “ 1923...................... .......... 171.00 u u “ 1924...................... .......... 4.00 u Life memberships........................ .......... 560.00 From Libraries for XXXV................ ............ $ 2.70 a u 8 XXXVI.............. ............ 23.75 u u 8 XXXVII............ ............ 370.00 a a 8 XXXVIII.......... ............ 200.70 u a “ XXXIX............... ............ 1.80 u Foreign Subscribers................... ............ 72.90 $7,477.30 “ Sales of Publications............................................... $ 671.85 338.55 “ Sales of Index Volume........................................... 10.90 “ Sale of Committee Reports................................... .50 “ C. Bertram Lewis for typing MS........................ 11.00 “ Sale of List of Members........................................ 1.00 “ Sale of 2-drawer Card Cabinet............................. 4.00 “ Adjustment of overcharge.................................... 1.09 “ Extra Reprints........................................................ 3.78 “ Postage for forwarding.......................................... 1.00 “ Membership fees, M. H. R. A.............................. 8.00 “ Subscriptions to Mod. Lang. Review.................... 33.75 “ Advertisers....... .................................................... 421.00 “ Interest on Current Funds................................... 59.87 “ “ “ Permanent Fund................................ 209.84 “ Contributions to Rotograph Fund....................... 75.00 $11,299.58 Expenditures To Secretary for Salary................................... $ 750.00 “ “ “ Clerical Assistance............... 363.60 “ “ “ Postage.................................. 130.21 “ “ “ Telegrams............................. 8.53 “ “ “ Expressage............................ 18.93 “ “ “ Printing................................. 45.75 “ “ “ Mimeographing.................... 2.75 “ “ “ 4-drawer Card Cabinet.... 16.00 “ “ Supplies................................... 14.25 “ “ Notary fees............................. 2.00 $1,342.02 To Secretary Central Division for salary........................................................$ 100.00 “ expenses attending annual meeting.... 80.95 “ travelling expenses, arranging program. 25.97 “ stenography........................... 20.00 “ envelopes................................ 7.50 “ telegrams................................ 1.70 $ 236.12 To LeRoy E. Kimball, Managing Trustee Life Membership Fees.................................. 560.00 Transferred to Bright-von Jagemann Fund.. 595.47 Transferred to Rotograph Fund..................... 75.00 $1,230.47 To Mary Rhys, for typing MS....................... 11.10 “ “ “ postage, expenses, supplies.. 13.21 “ Rotograph Committee for expenses...... 63.40 “ Collection of foreign and Canadian checks 1.04 “ M. H. R. A. for membership fees............ 8.00 “ Camb. Univ. Press, subscriptions to M.L.R...................................................... 30.53 “ Am. Council of Learned Soc. for dues... 82.50 “ Am. Council on Education, dues.............. 10.00 “ Banta Co., circulars for Coffman’s Group 7.80 “ refund excess payment, membership fee... .97 “ Carriage on Publications, Menasha to Bryn Mawr................................................ 18.38 “ Purchase of Publications............................ 30.73 “ Bryn Mawr Trust Co., Safety deposit box. 1.50 $ 279.16 To J. H. Furst Co., for printing XXXVI.4. .$1,504.46 To Banta Publishing Co. for printing XXXVH.l................................ 802.84 “ “ XXXVII.2................................ 777.30 “ “ XXXVII.3................................ 821.70 “ paper for XXXVII and XXXVIII.... 1871.32 “ reprints, XXXVH.l............................... 50.12 “ “ XXXVII.2................................ 66.28 “ “ XXXVII.3................................ 52.05 $5,946.07 “ postage on returned copies.................... .88 “ stencillingaddressographlist................ 47.28 “ programs etc. for Baltimore and Iowa City meetings.......................... ............. 293.55 To expressage on programs to Phila.............. 2.00 $ 343.71 $9,377.55 Balance on hand December 27, 1922........................................... 1,922.03 $11,299.58 B. BRIGHT-VON JAGEMANN FUND At the beginning of the year this Fund was invested for the most part in 4J(% U. S. Liberty Bonds, as follows: One $100 bond, First issue, par value...................... $ 100.00 Three $1,000 bonds, Second Issue, par value.......... 3,000.00 One $500 bond, Second Issue, par value.................. 500.00 Three $100 bonds, Second Issue, par value............. 300.00 One $500 bond, Third Issue, par value.................... 500.00 Total $4,400.00 The operations for the year 1922 were as follows: Dr Cr Balance in Bryn Mawr Trust Co. Dec. 31, 1921......... Interest on Liberty Bonds.............................................. Income from Permanent Fund....................................... Transferred from Current Funds................................... Interest Bryn Mawr Trust Co....................................... Proceeds from Sale of Bonds (Oct. 17)......................... Tranferred to LeRoy E. Kimball, Managing Trustee... $ 41.54 104.15 195.47 400.00 12.66 4,421.66 $5,175.48 $5,175.48 $5,175.48 C. BALANCE SHEET Decrease* Increase Current Funds......................................................................$49.12 Bright-von Jagemann Fund............................................... $ 733.94 Added to Permanent Fund................................................ 560.00 $49.12 $1,293.94 Net increase...................................................................................$1,244.82 ♦This decrease is apparent rather than actual. After deducting from the balance on hand as reported last year the unpaid bills for XXXVI.4 and the Programs, there remained a surplus of $213.14. After deducting from this year’s balance the bills for XXXVII.4 and the Programs there remains a surplus of $839.26. Accordingly the Current Fund really made a gain of $626.12. In connection with this report the Secretary-Treasurer called attention to additional departments which should be included in the Publications in order to increase their useful­ ness to the members of the Association. Perhaps the most urgent need was for separate numbers, besides the quarterly instalments now printed, to be devoted to bibliography and reviews. The present resources of the Association were sufficient to cover the additional cost of printing this ma­ terial; the only fundamental obstacle consisted in the lack of an adequate administrative staff for handling the increas­ ing burden of editorial and business detail. It was impossible to undertake new departments, however great their promised usefulness, until provision could be found for adequate ad­ ministrative staff. The only permanent solution of the problem was by building up a considerable endowment fund, the income from which might be used for adminis­ trative expenses. It was time, in his opinion, for the Associa­ tion to consider the advisability of a vigorous endowment campaign, thereby following the example which had recently been set by several other learned societies. The growth and prosperity which the Modern Language Association is now enjoying make the present time the more opportune for laying secure foundations, sufficiently ample to provide for present necessities and to make future expansion possible. It was voted to refer the report of the Treasurer to the Auditing Committee. President Frank Aydelotte, Chairman of the Committee on Rotographs of MSS. and Rare Books, presented the following report. REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON REPRODUCTION OF MSS. AND EARLY PRINTED BOOKS The Committee on Reproduction of Manuscripts and Early Printed Books has to report that, on April 15, 1922, a printed announcement of the plan was mailed to the members of the Association and to all the colleges and universities in the United States. This announcement contained a request that colleges which were interested should undertake to participate in the plan by contributing $25 each per year for this purpose. The following colleges and individuals have contributed for 1922: Brown University Bryn Mawr College Carleton College Catholic Univ. of America Colorado College Dartmouth College De Pauw University Goucher College Grinnell College Johns Hopkins University Leland Stanford Jr. University Mount Holyoke College New York University Northwestern University Pomona College Princeton University Radcliffe College Reed College Simmons College Smith College State University of Iowa Swarthmore College Tulane University (Newcomb College) University of California University of Chicago University of Georgia University of Kansas University of North Carolina University of Notre Dame University of Pennsylvania University of Pittsburgh University of Southern California University of Texas University of Washington University of Wisconsin Vassar College Washington and Lee University Washington University Wellesley College Wells College Western Reserve University (Adelbert College) Yale University Newberry Library, Chicago President Frank Aydelotte Ginn & Company ($100) This gives the Association a fund of $1,200 for the first year’s work. The plan adopted by the Committee is to use for each year’s budget the money collected during the preceding calendar year. We shall accordingly begin on January 1, 1923 to spend the money collected during 1922 and shall issue a second request for contributions in 1923 to be spent in 1924. Subscribing institutions have been asked to indicate the material which would be most immediately useful to them for purposes of research. These requests have been referred to a sub-committee on selections, consisting of Professor Frederic Ives Carpenter, Chairman, University of Chicago. Professor W. A. Nitze, University of Chicago. Professor Carleton Brown, Bryn Mawr College. Professor J. S. P. Tatlock, Leland Stanford University. Professor Robert K. Root, Princeton University. Mr. H. H. B. Meyer, Library of Congress. Professor Charles R. Baskervill, University of Chicago. Professor C. F. Tucker Brooke, Yale University. Professor George L. Hamilton, Cornell University. J. A. Herbert, Esq., Assistant Keeper of Manuscripts, British Museum (Advisory member). The work of the Sub-committee on Selections has been in active progress for about three months, and the first rotographs will be ordered early in January. The first task of the Sub-committee on Selections is to study conditions and perfect arrangements for securing rotographs as economically as possible. Certain delays in securing material are to be expected in the first year of the operation of the scheme. It will be the general policy of the Sub-committee on Selections to restrict themselves to the reproduction of complete works so far as this is possible and so far as it is consistent with what seems to be the best interests of the subscribing institutions. In addition to the material which it is possible to reproduce this year, the Committee will undertake to make a list of desiderata. Suggestions for this list will be welcomed at any time. Any extra funds that may be left from year to year will be employed in procuring material from this list. Definite regulations for the use of the rotograph material have been discussed by the Committee but have not yet been definitely formulated. Probably it will be best to defer the issue of such rules until we have some experience on which to base them. In general, it will be the policy of the Committee to make the conditions for the use of such material as liberal and convenient as is consistent with the safety of the material and its widest utilization. So far as selections are concerned, the Committee has adopted the policy of caring first for the expressed needs of subscribing institutions, at least up to the limit of their contribution. Any margin of funds after these needs are attended to will be used for carrying out a more comprehensive program. Suggestions for this program and for the general conduct of the work of the Committee will be welcome at any time. Cordial interest expressed by institutions and individuals throughout the country in the plan seems to promise its success. Most of the sub­ scribers are colleges or universities, but a few are individuals. Since ma­ terial procured under this plan is first of all available to the individual selecting it, since the rotographs come into the Library of Congress free of duty, and since the charges for administration are all borne by the Modern Language Association or by the Library of Congress so that all funds con­ tributed go into rotographs themselves, it is quite clear that an individual who wishes manuscripts reproduced can make his money go very much farther by contributing it to this scheme than he could by having the rotographs made on his own account. The only stipulation is that the rotographs must belong eventually to the Library of Congress, which stipulation in no wise interferes with the usefulness of the material to a given person since he can obtain it for work in his own study at any time. The thanks of the Association are due to Ginn & Company of Boston for a generous contribution of $100 toward the work of the Committee. Frank Aydelotte, Chairman. December 28, 1922. It was voted to adopt the report and to confirm the action of the Committee in nominating a special Committee on the selection of MSS. to be rotographed. The Secretary of the Association read a communication, dated Dec. 22, from Professor Wm. G. Hale, Chairman of the Joint Committee on Grammatical Nomenclature. Pro­ fessor Hale stated that the revised Report of the Committee had gone through two proofs but its actual appearance had been delayed by typographical errors which had developed in the handling of the type. It was essential that every precaution should be taken to secure complete accuracy. He asked, therefore, that the representation of the Modern Language Association on the Joint Committee be continued. It was so voted. The Secretary of the Association reported that the Execu­ tive Council had by its ballot nominated to the Association the following scholars for election as Honorary Members: Edmund K. Chambers, author of The Mediaeval Stage, Sir. Israel Gollancz, Director of the Early English Text Society, and Professor W. A. Craigie of Oxford University. It was voted to elect the persons named as Honorary Members of the Association. President Raymond Weeks announced the appointment of the following committees: On the Nomination of Officers: Professors George L. Hamilton of Cornell University (Chairman), Raymond M. Alden of Stanford University, Charles H. Handschin of Miami University, Charles C. Marden of Princeton Univer­ sity, and Ashley H. Thorndike of Columbia University. On Resolutions: Professor C. H. C. Wright of Harvard University (Chairman), President W. W. Comfort of Haver- ford College, and Professor Allen W. Porterfield of Randolph- Macon Woman’s College. To Audit the Treasurer’s Report: Professors Raymond D. Havens of the University of Rochester (Chairman), John P. Hoskins of Princeton University, and Albert Schinz of Smith College. The Secretary of the Association read a telegram from Professor John M. Manly regretting that he had been pre­ vented from attending the meeting and asking that he be relieved from the Chairmanship of the General Committee on Groups for the coming year. On motion of Professor H. C. Lancaster it was voted that Professor Edwin Greenlaw be made Chairman of the Com­ mittee on Groups for 1923. Professor Ashley Thorndike called the attention of the members of the Association to the Conference of British and American Professors of English, which is to be held at Colum­ bia University in June, and expressed the hope that the American colleges and universities would be widely repre­ sented. Professor Morris W. Croll, of Princeton University, reported a minute adopted by the Group on Poetic Form setting forth the desirability of reaching some understanding as to the methods employed in metrical notation. He moved that the Association appoint a committee of five to investi­ gate the subject of metrical notation and to recommend a method (or alternative methods) to be adopted in text­ books used in the schools. It was so voted. [The President appointed as this committee, Professors Morris W. Croll (Chairman), R. M. Alden of Stanford University, Felix E. Schelling of the University of Pennsyl­ vania, Fred N. Scott of the University of Michigan, and Pauli F. Baum of Trinity College, North Carolina.] Professor Andre Morize of Harvard University announced that he had brought with him a collection of several thousand reference cards relating to French Literature which he would place in one of the side rooms of Houston Hall where they could be consulted by those who were interested. Professor Fred N. Scott of the University of Michigan explained to the Association the origin and purpose of the organization of a joint Committee of British and American scholars to consider the promotion of pure English, as recently announced in the Literary Review. [See the issue for Dec. 16.] He moved that the Association express its interest in the movement for pure English and its approval of the steps which had thus far been taken toward this end. It was so voted. The remainder of the session was devoted to an Author-Publisher Symposium The following papers were presented: 1. “The Market for the Scholarly Book.”1 By Dr. Alexander Green, Modern Language Editor, D. C. Heath and Company. 1 Printed in full at the end of the Proceedings, pp. xxxv, ff. PROCEEDINGS EOR 1922 xxi 2. “The Scholar and the Introductory Text-Book.” By Dr. Will D. Howe, of the Editorial Staff, Charles Scribner’s Sons. 3. “Cooperation between Author and Publisher from the Point of View of the Author.”2 By Professor James Geddes, Jr., of Boston University. 4. “The Author and the Reviewer.” By Dr. Henry Seidel Canby, Editor of the Literary Review. 5. “Cooperation between Author and Publisher from the Point of View of the Publisher.” By J. Franklin Brown, of the Educational Editorial Department, The Macmillan Company. During the reading of the last paper the Chair was occupied by Professor Fred N. Scott. On the conclusion of these papers there was brief discussion by Professors Howard J. Savage and T. Moody Campbell. On Thursday evening of December 28, at 6:30 o’clock, in Bennett Hall, the ladies of the Association were entertained informally at dinner by Louise H. Snowden, Advisor of Women, of the University of Pennsylvania. About seventy- five ladies were present. At eight o’clock in the evening of Thursday, December 28, the President of the Association, Professor Raymond Weeks, of Columbia University, delivered an address entitled: “The Poets and Nature”3 in the Auditorium, Houston Hall. After this address there was an informal reception for the members and guests of the Association. THIRD SESSION, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 29 For the third session the Association met in three sections devoted, respectively, to English, Romance, and Germanic Philology. 3 Printed in somewhat abridged form at the end of the Proceedings, pp. xcv, ff. 3 This address, in somewhat abridged form, will shortly be published in Scribner's Magazine. English Section AUDITORIUM, HOUSTON HALL Chairman, Professor Lane Cooper, of Cornell University. The following papers were read: 6. “The Organizing Ideas in Piers the Plowman.” By Henry W. Wells, of Columbia University. The paper was discussed by Professors O. F. Emerson, Samuel Moore, and the author. 7. “Thedore of Tarsus and Gislenus of Athens. ” By Professor Albert S. Cook, of Yale University. In the absence of Professor Cook, the paper was read by the Chairman. It was discussed by Dr. H. B. Hinckley. 8. “Keats, Rabelais, and Diodorus Siculus.” By Pro­ fessor John L. Lowes, of Harvard University. The paper was discussed by Professors A. H. Gilbert, W. E. Peck, and the author. 9. “A Forgotten Johnsonian.” By Professor Charles G. Osgood, of Princeton University. 10. “The Term ‘Communal.’ ” By Professor Louise Pound, of the University of Nebraska. The paper was read by Professor Arthur Beatty. It was discussed by Professors Raymond Alden, J. L. Lowes, and the Chairman. 11. “Love’s Labour’s Lost” and the “Earl of Southamp­ ton.” By Professor Austin K. Grey, of Haverford College. On the motion of Professor G. H. Gerould, the Section voted that the chairman appoint a committee of five to cooperate with the committee of the American Library Association in regard to the project of distributive buying by American libraries. [The Chairman later appointed the following committee: Professors R. K. Root (Chairman), A. C. Baugh, Edwin Greenlaw, C. S. Northup, and R. J. Menner.] R. J. Menner, Yale University, Secretary. Romance Section ROOM 314, ENGINEERING BUILDING Chairman, Professor C. H. C. Wright, of Harvard Univer­ sity. The following papers were read: 12. “La Society du Directoire et La Comedie de Moeurs.” By Professor Louis Allard, of Harvard University. 13. “Madame d’Houdetot et ses amities americaines.” By Professor G. Chinard, of Johns Hopkins University. 14. “The Psychology of Napoleon Worship in French Literature.” By Professor A. L. Guerard, of The Rice Institute. 15. “The Theory of ‘Natural Goodness’ in Rousseau’s Confessions.” By Professor George R. Havens, of the Ohio State University. 16. “Le Jongleur Gautier Le Leu.” By Professor Charles H. Livingston, of Bowdain College. 17. “Realistic ‘objectivity’ versus Classical ‘objectivity.’ ” By Professor F. A. Waterhouse, of Hamilton College. Professor Havens’ paper was discussed by Professor Schinz and Dr. Walter L. Bullock; Professor Livingston’s by Professor Armstrong. The other papers met with no com­ ment. Shirley Gale Patterson, of Dartmouth College, Secretary. ' Germanic Section room 313, engineering building Chairman, Professor T. Moody Campbell, of Wesleyan University. The following papers were read: 18. “A Problem in Modern German Verb-Rection.” By Professor Albert Wilhelm Boesche, of Cornell University. The paper was discussed by Professors Prokosch and Kellogg, Dr. Starck, and the author. 19. “The Mystic Brotherhood in German Literature of the Eighteenth Century, with special reference to Goethe’s Die Geheimnisse.” By Dr. Edwin H. Zeydel, of the Carnegie Endowment, Washington, D. C. The paper was discussed by Professors Faust and Fife. 20. “Remnants of a Middle Low German Bible Trans­ lation,” By Professor Adriaan J. Barnouw, of Columbia University. The paper was discussed by Professors Shumway, Vos, Kurrelmeyer, and the author. 21. “Schiller’s Attitude toward England.” By Professor John Alexander Kelly, of Haverford College. The paper was discussed by Professor Vos. The Section then proceeded to consideration of the reports of committees. Professor Schreiber reported progress of the Committee on the formulation of plans for the commemoration of the one hundredth anniversary of Goethe’s death. The com­ mittee was continued. Professor von Klenze, as chairman, told of the activities of the Committee on the formulation of plans for the col­ lecting and preserving of German literature written and published in the United States. On the motion of Professor Faust a committee with Professor von Klenze as chairman was authorized to take in hand the further organization and the collection of German books written in this country. The selection of the members of the committee was left to the Chairman. Dr. Taylor Starck, of Harvard University, reported for the Committee on the collecting of funds to assist in publishing the remaining portions of Grimm’s Worterbuch. Investig a tions of the committee showed that of the $120 necessary for publishing one fascicle of the Dictionaryit would be necessary to rely upon outside help for $30 and an additional $10 for Mitarbeiter, or $240 a year, if publication were to continue at the rate of six fascicles a year. Dr. Starck reported $342 collected up to the date of the meeting. The report was accepted and the committee continued with the power to enlarge if deemed necessary. In the absence of Professor Heuser, Chairman of the Committee on the collection and the publication of a list of important German periodicals in American libraries, the report was read by Professor Thayer. The committee had found that before it could intelligently undertake the work in this country, it would be necessary to make a survey of the important libraries in Germany. The committee recom­ mended that a volume be published listing the periodicals to be found in the more important German libraries; the work to be entrusted to a German, selected by an advisory com­ mittee of German scholars, and to be financed by soliciting advance subscriptions. The report was accepted and the committee was continued with power. Professor Gustav Gruener, of Yale University, was elected Chairman of the Section for the next meeting. Paul H. Curts, Wesleyan University, Secretary. At one o’clock the members of the Association were the guests of the University of Pennsylvania at luncheon in Weightman Hall. FOURTH SESSION, FRIDAY AFTERNOON, DECEMBER 29 The fourth session of the Association was devoted to Group Meetings, which were held in two Divisions, those of the First Division from 2 o’clock until 3:30 and those of the Second from 4 o’clock until 5:30. FIRST DIVISION, 2 P. M. {General Topics II) The Critical Study of Romanticism. Chairman, Professor Stanley P. Chase. The following papers were presented: “Early Conceptions of Romantic Scenery,” by Pro­ fessor Edward E. Hale, (read by the Chairman in Pro­ fessor Hale’s absence). “Romanticism in Seventeenth Century Literature,” by Professor Morris W. Croll. “The Romantic Essay,” by Professor Robert Withing- ton. All of these papers were highly suggestive and stimulated discussion. The following papers were read by title: “Romantic Psychology,” by Professor Percy H. Hou­ ston. “English Interpretations of the Romantic in the Early 19th Century,” by Professor Paul Kaufman. Letters were read from various members reporting inves­ tigations in progress. The following list of topics for inves­ tigation was presented and was adopted as a working program. According to this plan the Group will select each year the special topic for the ensuing year. 1. Definition of the term “romanticism.” 2. Connection of romanticism with philosophy. 3. Connection of romanticism with religion. 4. Connection of romanticism with politics and the writing of history. 5. Connection of romanticism with the types of literature. 6. Romanticism in Greek literature. 7. Romanticism in Latin literature. 8. Romanticism in mediaeval literature. 9. Romanticism in Renaissance Literature. 10. Romanticism in the so-called romantic period, with special study of the comparative chronology of its flourishing in the various literatures. It was voted that the Group should undertake the publica­ tion, annually or from time to time, of a small book of some six or seven essays on related aspects of a central topic, such as one of the above. For carrying out this plan, it was voted further that a small editorial committee should be appointed, and the Chairman was empowered to choose such a committee. It was voted to select “The Interpreta­ tion of the Term Romanticism” as the subject of investi­ gation for the ensuring year. Dr. C. E. Whitmore of Northampton, Mass., was elected Chairman and Professor Paul Kaufman, of American University, Secretary. About fifty persons were present. Paul Kaufman, Secretary. (English III) Present Status of Work on Chaucer. Chair­ man, Professor Edgar F. Shannon. The following papers were presented: “Realism in the Description of the Canterbury Pilgrims.” By Professor Howard R. Patch. Discussed by Professors R. K. Root and Samuel Moore and Dr. Henry B. Hinckley. “Further Suggestion on Dating the Hous of Fame and the Tale of Constance.” By Professor 0. F. Emerson. Dis­ cussed by Professors John L. Lowes, William E. Mead, G. H. Gerould, and R. K. Root. “England’s Discovery of the Decameron.” By Professor W. E. Farnham. Discussed by Professor Samuel Moore and Dr. Henry B. Hinckley. “French Influences on Chaucer’s Knowledge of the Classics.” By Professer John L. Lowes. The speaker invited the cooperation of the members of the Group in this investigation. It was voted that those interested in studying various aspects of this problem should communicate with Professor Lowes so that he may introduce some organization into the general work. Professor Shannon declined reelection as Chairman, and Professor Root was elected as his successor. Professor Patch was reelected Secretary. Howard R. Patch, Secretary. (English VIII) The Bibliography of English Fiction, 1660- 1800. Chairman, Professor Helen Sard Hughes. The main business of the meeting was the discussion of the report of the chairman of the Editorial Committee, Professor R. S. Crane, with a view to defining the scope of the work, the methods of distribution of individual tasks, and technical specifications for the guidance of workers. As most of the members present were especially interested in research in the period 1740-1800, that section of the work was chiefly discussed. Members were asked to indicate in writing the type of task they might most readily undertake: the collection of the bibliography of minor fiction in one decade or more, the bibliography of some major novelist, or the collection of items in certain periodicals or other sources. It was agreed that the Editorial Committee should prepare for immediate distribution to workers a list of technical specifications in accordance with the standards agreed upon at this meeting. Helen Sard Hughes, Chairman. (English XI) American Literature. Chairman, Professor Arthur H. Quinn. The Chairman in his opening remarks outlined the program for the meeting. Professor Percy H. Boynton read a paper on A Proper Critical Attitude to American Literature, in which he discussed the growth of national consciousness and the decline of literary self-consciousness. Professor Henry S. Canby spoke on Some Standards of Criticism. He advocated a criticism by planes, with no relaxation of standards. Pointing out the fact that criticism of American writers has been too good-natured as well as too unsympathetic, he urged that it be made more rigorous and scholarly. A lively discussion of several statements made by Profes­ sors Quinn, Boynton, and Canby followed, involving Miss Amy Reed, Dr. Walter L. Bullock, Mr. Harry T. Baker, the Secretary, and other unidentified members. Mr. John Valente announced that he was making a Concordance to Walt Whitman, and that if the proper coopera­ tion of the libraries of the country could be secured, Mr. Wilson, the publisher of The Reader’s Guide, would publish it and assume a risk to the amount of three thousand dollars. Professor Boynton was elected to succeed Professor Quinn. Francis A. Litz, Secretary. (French III) French Literature of the xvii and xviii Cen­ turies. Chairman, Professor Albert Schinz. The meeting was devoted to a belated celebration of Moliere’s Tercentenary. The Chairman sketched the history of Moliere’s fame, especially at the times of the first and second centenaries. He also mentioned some of the most significant contributions to our knowledge of Moliere that were offered at the occasion of the celebration of the tercentenary. Professor H. Carrington Lancaster called attention to a Don Juan play in France which had remained unknown to scholars. Professor Andre Morize summarized the episode of the Moliere-Corneille Controversy, started in 1920 by Pierre Louys, and took occasion to lay down some rules that ought to be observed in approaching problems of literary history. Professor Colbert Searles was elected Chairman of the Group for the coming year. Albert Schinz, Chairman. (German I) Historical Grammar and Linguistics. Chairman, Professor Eduard Prokosch. The following papers were read and discussed: “A Century of Grimm’s Law,” by Professor Hermann Collitz. “Sound Change and Meaning,” by Professor H. Kurath. The discussion of the nature of sound laws and phonetic tendencies promised in the program had to be abandoned for lack of time. The following officers were elected for the coming year: Professor A. F. J. Remy, of Columbia University, Chairman; Professor A. Busse, of Hunter College, Secretary. Hans Kurath, Secretary. (Scandinavian I) Scandinavian Literature. Chairman, Professor Adolph B. Benson. Professor Josef Wiehr was elected Secretary. The following papers were read: “The Personal Elements in the Works of Strindberg,” by Dr. Axel J. Uppvall. Discussion and comment by Professor Porterfield, Weigand, and Fife. “Is the Gibbons saga a Reflection of Partonopeus,'” by Dr. Henry G. Leach, who answered the question in the negative. Discussion by Professor Fife and Dr. Uppvall. “The Poetry of Viktor Rydberg,” by Dr. Charles Wharton Stork. Lack of time prevented any discussion of this paper. The attendance at this meeting was surprisingly large. Professor George T. Flom, of the University of Illinois, was elected Chairman of the Group for 1923 and the choice of a Secretary was left to him. Josef Wiehr, Secretary. {Spanish I) Spanish Language. Chairman, Professor C. Carroll Marden. Professor Frederick Courtney Tarr read a paper on “Some Characteristics Uses of the Noun Clause in Modern Spanish” which provoked interesting and fruitful discussion. The Group voted unanimously to hold a similar meeting next year, and Professor Marden was reelected Chairman. The Chairman then brought up the question of cooperation towards obtaining in this country organized files of Spanish periodicals—scientific and semi-scientific journals, literary reviews, newspapers, etc.—with the hope of avoiding dupli­ cation and at the same time widening the range of material available, as well as making such files really accessible when needed. Some fifteen persons, representing as many colleges and universities, agreed to report to the Chairman what periodicals, reviews, etc. were available in their respective institutions. From these persons the following committee was appointed to put the periodical plan into effect: Profes­ sors R. H. Keniston (Chairman), F. B. Luquiens, and C. C. Marden. It is hoped that other eastern institutions which desire to cooperate and are willing to add to their lists of Spanish journals, will communicate with Professor Keniston. The attendance was about thirty-five. H. G. Doyle, Secretary. SECOND DIVISION, 4 P. M. {General Topics ZF) Phonetics. Acting Chairman, Professor Robert J. Kellogg. Owing to conflicts with other Group Meetings held at the same hour, only ten persons were present, However, lists were passed for signature by those desiring to be enrolled as members of the Group and some one hundred and fifty signatures were obtained. The organization of the Group was effected by electing Professor James L. Barker Chairman for the coming year and Dr. Elliott A. White (Dartmouth), Chairman of a sub-Group on Experimental Phonetics, each being empowered to appoint such assistants and committees as might be needed. The following topics were presented and discussed: 1. Methods of Teaching Pronunciation with and without the International Phonetic Alphabet by Professors Kellogg, Cardon, Downer and others. 2. Differences between French and English Enunciation, by Professors Barker, Cardon, and others. 3. Possible Plans for Experimental Phonetics. 4. Plans for the Establishment for a Journal of Phonetics. Robert J. Kellogg, Acting Chairman. {Comparative Literature I) Influence of Latin Culture on Mediaeval literature. Chairman, Professor G. H. Gerould. In the absence of Secretary Coffman, Professor G. H. McKnight was elected Secretary pro tempore. The simplification of the title of the Group to “Mediaeval Latin” was proposed and adopted. The Chairman announced that a survey of the state of studies in Mediaeval Latin throughout the United States was in progress, and that Professor Tatlock would issue a report on the findings of the committee. The Chairman read letters from Professors E. K. Rand (Harvard) and G. B. Adams (Yale) favoring the affiliation of the Group with the committee of the Council of Learned Societies in charge of projects of interest to the Group. On motion of Professor 0. F. Emerson it was voted that “through our committee we cooperate with the Council of Learned Societies in projects they have undertaken.” The proposed new edition of Ducange was discussed, and it was the sense of the Group that to undertake a single thorough-going revision of Ducange, or a new and compre­ hensive dictionary, would be much more worth while than to compile a set of special vocabularies. To that end the members present promised hearty cooperation. The Chairman introduced for discussion the plan of the American Library Association for the distributive buying of books. It was agreed that a committee be appointed by the officers of the Group to confer with librarians and to assist in blocking out divisions for which particular libraries might undertake to hold themselves responsible in the field of mediaeval Latin. Those desiring to assist the com­ mittee in its work were invited to send contributions of one dollar each to the Chairman or to Professor Coffman to be used in defraying expenses. The Chairman presented for consideration the tentative table of contents for a mediaeval Latin primer by Professor C. H. Beeson of Chicago. The discussion which followed led to agreement in regard to the following points: (1) It was thought that very short selections were undesirable—that they should be longer, even though they covered a less wide range. (2) Any arrangement except a chronological one seemed impossible. (3) The present contents appear too largely anecdotal in character. (4) A grammatical introduction would be desirable, but only a short one. Perhaps five pages would be the maximum length necessary. Brief notes would also be useful. Professor Gerould was elected Chairman of the Group for the coming year. G. H. McKnight, Secretary pro tempore. {English II) Present-Day English. Chairman, Professor James F. Royster. The proposal to take means to establish a Central Bureau for recording and distributing specimens of American speech was discussed and enthusiastically approved. The discussion was led by Professor J. L. Barker and was continued by the following persons (among others): Professors Fred N. Scott, H. M. Ayres, and Samuel Moore. It was voted that the Chairman be empowered to appoint a committee to formulate a plan and to seek means for collecting and distributing specimens of the American Language. The Chairman of the Group has named Pro- fessor J. L. Barker as Chairman of the Committee and will later name the other members of the Committee. It was further voted to leave the appointment of a Group Chair­ man to the General Group Committee. There were twenty members in attendance. James F. Royster, Chairman. {English F.) Spenser and Milton. Chairman, Professor Edwin Greenlaw. The Chairman announced plans for a complete Variorum edition of Spenser, under collaborative authorship; approval of the undertaking was voted. He announced that the Spenser bibliography compiled by Dr. F. I. Carpenter is ready for the printer. Plans for a Milton bibliography were discussed. It was voted that a bibliography be undertaken, in cooperation with Professor Stevens, who should be one member of a committee appointed to carry out the plan. The Chair appointed Professors R. D. Havens, D. H. Stevens, and J. H. Hanford (chairman). Extension of the scope of the group, possibly to include non-drama tic literature of the 16 th and 17 th centuries, was discussed. The question was referred to a committee to be appointed. The Chairman announced that his resignation was neces­ sitated by his new work as chairman of the Committee on Groups. Professor J. H. Hanford was elected chairman for the ensuing period. Professor H. E. Sandison was elected Secretary-Treasurer. Professor Havens suggested the publishing of a mimeo­ graphed bulletin, at intervals during the year, recording research in progress, bibliography, questions, etc. After discussion of the value and expense of such publication it was voted that 50c dues be established for active member­ ship in the group, to be spent by the Secretary-Treasurer on mimeographing and postage. All present so desiring signed a list of active members. All members of the Association wishing to join in the work of the group are asked to send their names to the Secretary, Professor Helen E. Sandison, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Reports of work in progress were made to the Secretary: edition, with translation, of Milton’s Latin poems, Mr. Walter MacKellar; Browne and Nineteenth Century prose, Professor Stuart Robertson. Any other such reports may be sent to the Secretary. Papers were then read as follows: 1. Problems in the Moral Allegory of the Faerie Queene, Charles G. Osgood. 2. A Note on Spenser’s Theory of Narrative Technique, John W. Draper. 3. Milton Problems: (a) Milton’s Library, J. Holly Hanford; (b) Seventeenth Century Biographies of Milton, Allen R. Benham; (c) A Detail of Milton’s Cosmology, Allan H. Gilbert. Helen E. Sandison, Secretary-Treasurer. {English IX) Wordsworth and his Contemporaries. Chair­ man, Professor George MacLean Harper. The following papers were read: “The Wordsworth-Coleridge Complex,” by Professor Harper. “A Review of Professor Arthur Beatty’s book, William Wordsworth: his Doctrine and Art in their Historical Rela­ tions,” by Professor S. F. Gingerich. Professor Beatty replied to his critic and a spirited dis­ cussion developed in which many persons participated. Professor J. E. Wells read a list of principal publications in this field during the year. Professor 0. J. Campbell presented the report of the committee on Publications and called attention to the following as works most needed by students and teachers: (1) a reissue of The Letters of the Wordsworth Family, (2) A new and better edition of Dorothy Wordsworth’s Journals, (3) A new edition of Wordsworth’s Prose Works, (4) an annotated edition of the Complete Poems, adapted particularly for American colleges, (5) a complete and definitive Wordsworth bibliography. The organization of the Group was continued without change for another year. Sixty-seven members were present. Oscar J. Campbell, Secretary. {French I) Romance Linguistics. Chairman, Professor Henry A. Todd. The following papers were presented: 1. “Some Etymologies.” (dealing with OF adenz, Fr chassie, Sard, nuraghe, Sp. pedazo and Sp. cenceno), by Pro­ fessor D. S. Blondheim. Discussed by the Chairman. 2. “The Passive Voice in Vulgar Latin,” by Professor Henri F. Muller. The discussion of questions relating to the organization of the Group led to the adoption of the following resolutions: I. That a vote of thanks be given to the Chairman for the valuable services he had rendered the Group. II. That a committee of three be chosen to nominate a Chairman for the next meeting, the committee to consist of Professors D. S. Blondheim, C. Gilli and O. Muller. III. That the Secretary should continue in office during the following year. Otto Muller, Secretary. {German IV) Romanticism in Contemporary German Literature. Chairman, Professor Allen W. Porterfield. The Chairman in his opening remarks called attention to literary currents and interests prevailing in Germany today. There is a marked tendency on the part of German scholars toward research on Goethe, as shown by the numerous books now appearing on various aspects of Goethe’s life and works. Schiller, on the other hand, is being neglected. Professor Otto Manthey-Zorn read a paper on “Roman­ ticism in the Contemporary German Drama,” giving his impressions of the German drama of today gained on a trip to Germany two years ago. He emphasized the un- propitiousness of the times to great dramatic work and discussed the Volksbiihne and its campaign against commer­ cialism and for higher art. Professor Camillo von Klenze spoke on “Romanticism, the World-War and the Philosophy of Tomorrow.” He com­ pared the present age with that of Plato immediately after the Peloponnesian War. Writers are now attempting to represent all life and to transcend it. Disregarding the past, they are, like Nietzsche, looking to the future. A groping and a blending of experience (reality) and aspiration (mysticism) characterize the present period. A new dawn in literature seems to be breaking at this very time. The following resolution, moved by Professor Hauch and seconded by Professor Busse, who had been its original sponsor, was adopted: That the Chairman name a committee to draw up an appropriate con­ gratulatory message to be transmitted to Gerhart Hauptmann as an expres­ sion of the sentiment of the Group on the occasion of his recent sixtieth birthday. The Chairman appointed as members of this committee Professors Gruener, Fife and von Klenze. Edwin H. Zeydel, Acting Secretary. (Italian I~) Italian Literature. Chairman, Professor James E. Shaw. Professor Mary Vance Young was elected Secre­ tary. Professor E. Goggio reported for the Committee on means for advancing the study of Italian. Letters received from instructors in various institutions indicated a preference for dealing with modern literature in the first year, reserving the older literature for the more advanced year; recom­ mended the extension of Italian studies over several years and that public lectures be given, prizes offered, clubs founded, the support of the Italian government invoked, and that university instructors be organized. Discussion by Professors Pugh, Riddell, Bullock, Camera, Cavicchia, Geddes, Goggio and others led to the conclusion that matters mentioned in the report should be studied by an association to be formed of university instructors. It was voted that a committee be appointed by the Chairman to consider the formation of such an association, in harmony with the members of the Central Division of the M. L. A., and bearing in mind the existence of the Association of Italian Teachers, of New York, and of other societies espe­ cially that of the Figli d’Italia. Dr. Charles E. Whitmore read a paper on “The Present Status of Work on Early Italian Poetry.” Professor G. Cavicchia made a report on “Short Stories in Contemporary Italian Literature,” with regard to their use in instruction. Professor D. Vittorini made an address on “The Contem­ porary Novel,” classifying and criticising the production of the last half century. Professor A. Riddell was unfortunately unable to make her report on “Contemporary Periodicals,” since she was obliged to leave early. It was voted to defer the permanent organization of the Group. Mary Vance Young, Secretary. At seven o’clock Friday evening, a subscription dinner was served to members of the Association in Weigh tman Hall. All members of the Association ’were entertained at a smoker in Weightman Hall, at half-past eight o’clock. The Smoke-talk was given by Mr. A. Edward Newton. FIFTH SESSION, SATURDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 30 AUDITORIUM, HOUSTON HALL The session was called to order by the President of the Association at 9:40 a.m. Professor R. D. Havens, Chairman of the Committee to audit the report of the Treasurer, being obliged to return home the previous evening, left a statement signed by the members of the Committee certifying that the report had been examined and found correct, whereupon it was voted to accept the Treasurer’s report. Professor C. H. C. Wright, Chairman of the Committee on Resolutions, after calling attention to the recent action of the A. L. A. Council protesting against certain provisions in the Bill now pending in Congress to amend the Copyright Law, offered the following resolution: Resolved, that the Modern Language Association of America endorse the resolutions of the Council of the American Library Association with regard to the proposed copyright measures sponsored by the Authors’ League. The resolution was adopted. Professor Wright also presented the following resolution: Whereas, The Thesaurus Lingua Latinos is perhaps the most important scholarly undertaking of our day, at least after the Oxford English Dic­ tionary; and whereas the Thesaurus Lingua Latina is at present in extreme pecuniary distress; and whereas a movement is on foot in America to find ways and means of saving the Theaurus Lingua Latina for the world of scholarship and for civilization: Resolved, that the Modem Language Association of America heartily endorse any wise effort that may be made to obtain funds for the said Thesaurus as a matter of deep concern to all scholars of this and future generations. The resolution was adopted. Professor Wright also presented the following resolution: Resolved, that the Modem Language Association of America in conven­ tion assembled hereby express its sincere thanks for the hospitality extended to it by the Provost and authorities of the University of Pennsylvania, and its most grateful appreciation of the courtesy and kindness of all concerned in the entertainment of its members. The resolution was adopted by a rising vote. In the absence of Professor George L. Hamilton, Chair­ man, the report of the Committee on the Nomination of Officers was presented by Professor Charles C. Marden, as follows: For President of the Association: Professor Oliver F. Emerson, of Western Reserve University. For Vice-Presidents: Professors T. Moody Campbell, of Wesleyan University, Arthur H. Quinn, of the University of Pennsylvania, and James E. Shaw, of the University of Toronto. For member of the Executive Council to fill Professor Emerson’s unexpired term: Professor Karl Young, of the University of Wisconsin. It was voted that the Secretary be instructed to cast one ballot for the nominees and they were declared elected. Professor John L. Lowes, of Harvard University, presented the following motion which had been drawn up and unani­ mously endorsed at a meeting of the Trustees, and members of the Executive Council in attendance at the present ses­ sion: That the Executive Council be authorized to appoint an Assistant Secretary for the year 1923 at a salary which shall not exceed $800. It is understood that this does not affect the appropriation of a sum not to exceed $600 for clerical assistance, already voted by the Association. It was so voted. Professor Robert J. Kellogg, of the University of Pennsyl­ vania, presented the following motion: That a Committee of the Modern Language Association be appointed to confer with representatives of (1) other linguistic Associations in the United States and Canada, (2) graduate and research institutions, libraries, com­ mercial or industrial organizations cercerned with linguistic investigations, (3) leading publishing houses issuing linguistic and philological works, in order to consider with them and report to this Association plans and means for dealing with the following matters: I. The discovery, encouragement and co-ordination of competent scholarly research and preparation of text-books along literary, linguistic, philological, and directly related lines. II. The guidance of investigators in preparing studies, monographs, larger works, or journals, embodying worthwhile results of such investiga­ tions. III. The development of a permanent demand and sustaining constitu­ ency for such works. IV. Plans of publication, advertising, and distribution. V. The securing of sustaining patrons, endowed funds, or other neces­ sary facilities for such research, publication, advertising and distribution. VI. Provision for permanent cooperation of publishers, institutions, associations and patrons to the above ends. After some general discussion the motion was put and it was so voted. Professor Raymond M. Alden, speaking as the representa­ tive of the Philological Association of the Pacific Coast, presented a message of greeting from that Association to the Modern Language Association of America. Professor Fred N. Scott moved that the General Group Committee be asked to make a report of progress at the next annual meeting. It was so voted. Professor James F. Royster of the University of North Carolina offered the following resolution: Resolved, that the Executive Council be requested to consider a proposal to arrange the program of the next meeting of the Association so that one session shall be devoted entirely to the presentation of two or three papers of general interest by scholars of distinction, chosen either from within or without the Association, and to appoint a committee of three, of which the Secretary of the Association shall be a member, to invite such persons of distinguished scholarly position as it may choose to prepare papers for this part of next year’s program. The resolution was adopted. The reading of papers was then resumed. 22. “Position and Movement in Phonetics.” By Professor James L. Barker, of the University of Utah. The paper was discussed with much interest by Professors Robert J. Kellogg, H. Carrington Lancaster, and J. S. Kenyon. 23. “The Earl of Essex on the Stage.” By Professor Winifred Smith, of Vassar College. The paper was discussed by Professor H. Carrington Lancaster. 24. “The Contribution of Longinus’ De Sublimitate." By Professor Charles Sears Baldwin, of Barnard College. 25. “Satanism in French Romanticism.” By Professor Maximilian Rudwin, of Swarthmore College. The paper was discussed by Professor Andre Morize. 26. “Pater, Heine, and the Old Gods of Greece.” By Professor John S. Harrison, of Butler College. 27. “Some Russian Versions of Don Juan.” By Dr. Clarence A. Manning, of Columbia University. At 12:40 p. m. the Association adjourned. PAPERS READ BY TITLE 28. “Jane Austen, the Critic.” By Professor Annette B. Hopkins, of Goucher College. 29. “Moralist and Novel-Reader in Eighteenth Century England.” By Professor Alan D. McKillop, of Rice Institute. 30. “Shakspere’s ‘lead apes in hell.’ ” By Professor Ernest P. Kuhl, of Goucher College. 31. “Aminadab and the World.” By Professor E. K. Maxfield, of Washington and Jefferson College. 32. “The Subterranean Grail-Paradise in Don Quixote.” By Professor Philip S. Barto, of the Carnegie Institute of Technology. 33. “Keats’ Use of Sound.” By Professor Elizabeth Nitchie, of Goucher College. 34. “The Technique of Charles Sealsfield.” By Dr. Bernard Stroer, of the College of the City of New York. 35. “A Criticism of the German Language and Literature by a German of the Eighteenth Century.” By Dr. Edwin H. Zeydel, of the Carnegie Endowment, Washington, D. C. 36. “Erasmus Learns Greek.” By Professor Howard J. Savage, of Rryn Mawr College. 37. “Doctor Johnson and ‘Mur.’ ” By Professor Joseph M. Beatty, Jr., of Goucher CoUege. 38. “Notes on Gilbert Imlay, Early American writer.” By Professor 0. F. Emerson, of Western Reserve University. 39. “La condition sociale des 6crivains du seizidme siScle.” By Dr. H61ene Harvitt. 40. “Critical Essays Falsely Attributed to Goldsmith. A study of the Belles Lettres series of essays first published in the British Magazine (1761-1763) and included in the 1802 edition of Goldsmith’s Works.” By Dr. Caroline F. Tupper, of the University of Illinois. 41. “Is Shelley’s Prometheus Unbound an Allegory?” By Newman I. White, of Trinity College (N. C.) 42. “English Opinions of French Poetry, 1660-1750.” By Miss Rose Heylbut Wollstein, of Columbia University. 43. “Notes on the Metre of the Old Spanish Epic Verses.” By Professor E. C. Hills, of the University of California. 44. “Walter Savage Landor and William Wordsworth.” By Professor Finley, M. K. Foster, of the University of Delaware. 45. “The Validity of Literary Definitions.” By Dr. Charles E. Whit­ more, of Northampton, Massachusetts. 46. “A New Biography of Sir George Etherege.” By Professor Dorothy Foster, of Mount Holyoke College. 47. “The Choice of Reading Texts for Modem Language Classes.” By Professor C. H. Handschin, of Miami University. 48. “Hazlitt as Critic of Art.” By Professor Stanley P. Chase, of Union College. MEETING OF THE CENTRAL DIVISION, 1922 The twenty-seventh meeting of the Central Division was held at Chicago upon the invitation of the University of Chicago and Northwestern University, December 28, 29, 30, 1922. The register showed the unusual attendance of 208, with ten or more from universities of Chicago 26; Iowa 16; Indiana 13; Wisconsin 12; Illinois 10; Northwestern 10. The meeting was carried out on the plan suggested in 1920, making Chicago the regular meeting place every second year with a minimum expense to the hosts. It was nevertheless an occasion of unusual cheer owing to the brilliant dinner arranged by the local committee and other admirable arrangements. Reduced rates on the railroads, conceded at the last moment, were secured by a majority of the delegates from a distance, an encouragement for attend­ ance in the future. FIRST SESSION, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 28 The meeting of the first day, held at the Auditorium Hotel at 2:30 p.m., was divided into four sessions, as below. Opinion was general, however, that the first session should be a general meeting for inauguration of the work as a whole and for general organization. The French Novel Chairman: Professor D. H. Carnahan, University of Illinois. Secretary: Professor George I. Dale, Washington Uni­ versity. “Discrepancies in the Work of Balzac.” Professor A. Odebrecht, Denison University. This paper was discussed by the Chairman. “Balzac’s Method of Revision.” Professor E. Preston Dargan. This paper, embodying the results of examination of Balzac’s original manuscripts, attracted much attention. “Maupassant and the Supernatural.” Professor Ernest G. Atkin. English, Earlier Chairman: Professor Charles Read Baskervill, University of Chicago. “Astrologising the Gods,” Professor Walter Clyde Curry. “The Passionate Shepherd,” a Further Study. Professor Robert S. Forsythe. “Shakespeare’s Use in the Merchant of Venice of the Conventional Friendship—Love Theme.” Dr. Laurens Joseph Mills, Indiana University. “Bunyan’s Mr. Badman and the Picaresque Novel.” Professor J. B. Wharey, University of Texas. English, Later Chairman: Professor Robert L. Ramsay, University of Missouri. “The Significance of Shaftesbury in English Speculation.” Professor William E. Alderman. “Wordsworth’s Unacknowledged Debt to Macpherson’s Ossian.” Professor John Robert Moore, Indiana University. “Early Critics of Shelley.” Professor Walter Graham. German Chairman: Professor Hermann Almstedt, University of Missouri. “Elizabethan Ghosts and Herzog Heinrich Julius of Braunschweig.” Professor M. Blakemore Evans. This paper proved to be one of general interest, appealing to scholars in other fields than the Germanic. “Goethe’s Conception of the Poet’s Calling.” Professor William A. Cooper, Stanford University, ju “Some Definitions of German Naturalism.” Professor Mayfield. PROCEEDINGS EOR 1922 xlv 8:00 P.M.: The Chairman of the Division, Professor William A. Nitze of the University of Chicago, gave the Annual Address, entitled: “Modern Language Scholarship: An Enquiry.”* This Address, which was voted one of the most brilliant and thoughtful in the annals of the Division, was followed by an informal reception. The following committees were named at this session: On New Officers: Kenneth MacKenzie, A. C. L. Brown, Algernon Coleman and A. R. Hohlfeld. On Time and Place of Next Meeting: Hardin Craig, Tom Peete Cross, George I. Dale and Robert Lee Ramsay. On Resolutions: D. H. Carnahan and Oscar Burkhardt. SECOND SESSION, DECEMBER 29, 9:30 A. M. UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO RESEARCH GROUPS These meetings were devoted to the discussion of research topics, with free participation. In some, the discussion was based upon formal papers; in some, the discussion was conducted along certain designated lines, with­ out formal papers. The leading papers dealt with problems of present interest in a particular field in various literatures, or discussed special fields of wort that might be undertaken by groups of scholars. The research groups are in process of evolution and experiment. Members who desire to branch out in new lines in 1923 are urged to canvass the subject and report to the Secretary the result of their efforts. Historical Grammar and Linguistics Chairman: Professor Guido Stempel, Indiana University. Secretary: Professor W. F. Bryan, Northwestern Uni­ versity. “The Trend of English Sound-Changes.” Professor C. M. Lotspeich, University of Cincinnati. This paper was discussed by Messrs. Curme, Belden, Jenkins, Purin, Baker, and Knott. * For the full text of this Address see page lxvi. “The Evolution of patois as a Device in French Litera­ ture from the Classic to the Romantic Periods—A Survey.” Professor A. H. Schutz, Iowa State Teachers College. This paper was discussed by Messrs. Jenkins and Stempel. Report on the Development of Linguistic Consciousness in the American Student. Professor Thomas A. Knott, State University of Iowa. Thomas A. Knott was elected chairman for 1923, and W. F. Bryan, secretary. The attendance was twenty-five. Renaissance Chairman: Professor Hardin Craig, State University of Iowa. “Manuscripts and Early Printed Books of Interest to Renaissance Scholars.” A list with a brief consideration of the principles of choice in the selection of material for photographic reproduction. This subject was discussed, with the presentation of addi­ tional suggestions, by Dr. Frederic Ives Carpenter, of Chicago, and others. “Luis Vives and Rabelais’ Pedagogy.” Mr. G. L. Michaud, University of Michigan. “Outlines of the 16th Century Latin Drama.” Professor Craig. “Report on the Cataloguing of Rotographs.” Professor H. S. V. Jones. Members interested in the field of renaissance literature and having problems of general interest were invited to make brief statements of their investigations. Subject with ramifications through the whole field and those on which cooperation would be practicable were particularly followed. Announcements of theses in progress on Renaissance sub­ jects were also made. The attendance was forty-five. Moliere Collaborators Chairman: Professor Casimir Zdanowicz, University of Wisconsin. Secretary: Professor Stephen H. Bush, State University of Iowa. This was a meeting of great interest in honor of the Ter­ centenary of Moliere. It was attended by fifty persons or more. “Moliere’s Means of Producing Comic Effect Studied in Connection with Bergson’s Theory of Laughter.” Professor Zdanowicz. “The Enemies of Moliere.” Professor Edward M. Greene, University of South Dakota. Review: “The Tercentenary Literary Offering to Moliere,” Professor B. E. Young. This paper was discussed by Professors H. A. Smith, Moraud and Searles, and Mrs. Charlotte Conde Hughes, of Grand Rapids, Michigan. Owing to the illness of Professor Gustave van Roosbroeck, his keenly anticipated paper on “Francois Hugues Moliere d’Essertines,” was not presented. Professor Colbert Searles read a brief satirical paper on “What we read into Moliere” that was itself hailed as real literature. The same officers were elected for 1923, and a permanent committee consisting of Messrs. Nitze, Searles and Young, was appointed. It is hoped that this group of workers, brought together at the three-hundredth anniversary of the author, will result in a continuing collaboration, with con­ tributions of permanent value in the literature of the subject. Chaucer Chairman: Professor H. S. V. Jones, University of Illinois. Secretary: Professor Walter Clyde Curry, Vanderbilt University. “Yesterday and Tomorrow.” Professor J. R. Hulbert, University of Chicago. “Some notes on Chaucer and Some Conjectures.” Pro­ fessor O. F. Emerson, Western Reserve University. (Read in his absence.) “Chaucer’s Science and Art.” Professor Curry. “Observations on Recent Chaucer Literature.” Professor Jones. Professor Hulbert was elected Chairman for 1923 and Professor Robert A. Law, Secretary. (See below for plan of work proposed). The attendance was thirty-five. Mediaeval Latin Chairman: Professor George R. Coffman, Grinnell College. Secretary: Mr. Clark Harris Slover of the University of Chicago. The chairman reported as part of the activity of the Group for the past year: 1. Effecting a national organization with E. K. Rand as advisory chairman, G. H. Gerould as chairman for the eastern section, J. S. P. Tatlock as chairman for the western section, and G. R. Coffman as chairman for the central section and as executive secretary of the Group. 2. Completing a nation-wide survey relative to conditions in mediaeval Latin in the graduate colleges and universities. (Professor Tatlock will study the situation as revealed in data and present recommendations later.) 3. Establishing unofficial relations with representatives of history, classics, and the American Council of Learned So­ cieties, and with the Modern Humanities Research Associa­ tion. 4. Encouraging as the concrete project of the year Professor Beeson’s Mediaeval Latin Primer. Summary of action at the meeting: 1. Professor T. P. Cross was appointed to receive contribu­ tions of $1.00 from any wishing to assist in the work. 2. Resolution passed to change the name of the Group to “The Group on Mediaeval Latin Culture.” 3. Resolution passed favoring new mediaeval Latin dic­ tionary; formal recommendation deferred pending further information about revision of Du Cange. 4. Resolution passed favoring Professor Gerould’s recom­ mendation for co-operation among libraries relative to medi­ aeval Latin books. 5. Discussion of Mediaeval Latin Primer. Professor Beeson explained that the first part of his text was intended to give the student an opportunity to recover familiarity with Latin, that the selections were arranged in order of increasing difficulty in the first part, and chronological se quevie in the second, and that a brief grammatical introduction would be included with the text. 6. Professor Beeson was elected by the group as its official representative to the Commission for the Revision of Du Cange. Romanticism Chairman: Professor B. V. Crawford, State University of Iowa. Leader of discussion on the romantic movement in modern literatures: Professor Richard Foster Jones, Washington University. Discussion of the French side, Professor Lander Mac- Clintock; of the English, Professor B. V. Crawford; of the German, Mr. Peter Hazboldt, of the Francis Parker High School, Chicago. Owing to the lateness of the hour, the timely paper of Professor Angelo Lipari, on Francesco de Sanctis and ro­ mantic criticism in Italy, was not presented. The attendance was sixty-five. Regret was expressed for the illness and absence of Professor Charles Young, who prepared the program. Professor Crawford was elected Chairman for 1923. Italian Literature Chairman: Professor Ernest H. Wilkins, University of Chicago. “D’Annunzio as Poet.” Professor Rudolph Altrocchi, University of Chicago. “Giovanni Papini.” Professor Ruth Shepard Phelps. “Pirandello and I Groteschi.” Professor Lander Mac- Clintock. Professor Kenneth MacKenzie was elected chairman for 1923. The attendance was fifteen. Contemporary Literature Chairman: Professor H. M. Jones, University of Texas. Subject: “The Rhythm of Free Verse.” Discussion: Miss Edith Rickert, leader; Mr. Raymond D. Jameson, Mr. H. F. Fore and others. “Shaksperean Influence in Strindberg’s Historical Plays.” Professor Harry V. E. Palmblad, Phillips University. The same officers were elected for 1923. The members were entertained at lunch by the modern language faculties of the University of Chicago at the Quadrangle Club. THIRD SESSION, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 29, 2 P. M. UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO RESEARCH GROUPS (Continued) Spanish Literature Chairman: Professor E. W. Olmsted, University of Minnestoa. 1. Informal discussion of suggested research topics by Professor Joseph E. Gillet, University of Minnesota and others. 2. Paper: “Lisardo Pseudonym of Mira de Amescua.” Professor C. E. Anibal, Indiana University. 3. Paper: “Lope de Vega’s Ver y no creer.” Professor George I. Dale. 4. Paper: “Cervantes’ Attitude Toward Honor.” Pro­ fessor George Tyler Northup. 5. Paper: “The Reputation and Influence of Torres Naharro in the Sixteenth Century.” Professor Gillet. 6. Paper: “Moreto’s El desden con el desden compared with suggested sources.” Miss Mabel M. Harlan, Indiana University. Professor Northup was elected chairman for 1923, and Professor John Van Horne, University of Illinois, secretary. The attendance was fifty. American Dialect Society Chairman: Professor T. P. Cross, University of Chicago. Remarks were made by the Chairman on the history and purpose of the Society. “Dialect and Vocabulary.” Professor F. A. Wood. “Consonant Addition in American Dialect Speech.” Miss Amy Armstrong, University of Minnesota. “Shall and Will in American English.” Professor C. C. Fries, University of Michigan. “New Devices in Dialect Writing.” Professor Robert L. Ramsay. The attendance was twenty-five. Metrics Chairman: Professor H. M. Belden, University of Mis­ souri. “Monosyllables and Algebraic Diction in English Poetry.” Professor Belden. “The Syllabic Basis of Rhythm.” Professor J. Hubert Scott. “Quantity and Stress in English Verse.” Professor A. R. Morris. “The Elizabethan Hexametrists.” Professor B. M. Hollowell, Nebraska Wesleyan University. Professor J. Hubert Scott offered a resolution requesting the Central Division to “express its approval of an attempt to effect through a committee of the whole Association the standardizing of metrical nomenclature.” This resolution was adopted. The same officers were elected for 1923. The attendance was thirty. Arthurian Romances Chairman: Professor Arthur C. L. Brown. Secretary: Professor T. Atkinson Jenkins. Professor J. D. Bruce read his paper: “Desiderata in the Investigation of the Old French Prose Romances.” In discussion, it was urged that this paper be published, and that more cooperation among Arthurian scholars is needed. H. O. Sommer’s labors would have been more fruitful had he had the active support of a committee or council. A new edition of Wace’s Roman de Brut would be very welcome. The Chairman read Foster E. Guyer’s paper on Chrestien’s Yvain. Guyer finds in Ovid and in Vergil (the Dido story) precedents for the treatment of the tale of Laudine by Chrestien de Troyes. The discussion was carried on by Professors Brown, Nitze, Bruce, Cross, Pietsch and Parry. T. P. Cross was elected chairman for next year and L. E. Winfrey secretary. Attendance 26. French Literature, General A meeting devoted to regular papers in several fields, not to research groups. Chairman: Professor Hugh A. Smith, University of Wisconsin. “The Legend of Amicus and Amelius.” Professor Alexander H. Krappe. “La Chanson de Roland et la Chanjun de Willame.” Professor Lucy M. Gay. “The French Renaissance Conception of Poetic Genius.” Professor Martin W. Storn. “Newly Discovered Plays by Louis de Boissy.” Professor Anthony Constans. “Le Pretendu Mariage de Chateaubriand.” Professor Robert Foure. “Le Suicide dans le drame franjais contemporain.” Pro­ fessor Maurice Baudin. FRIDAY, DECEMBER 29, 3:30 P. M. DEPARTMENTAL CONFERENCES ON INSTRUCTION These sessions were devoted to three departmental meetings, English, German and Romance, for the discussion of problems of instruction. English Chairman: Professor Franklyn B. Snyder, Northwestern University. Secretary: Professor H. W. Robbins, University of Minnesota. “The Teachers’ Course in English.” Professor George B. Woods. “English and the Business Man.” Professor Walter K. Smart. “The Able Student in English Composition Courses.” Professor George C. Clancy. “A Neglected Feature in English Composition.” Pro­ fessor Rollo LuVerne Lyman. Discussion: “The Sophomore Course in English Litera­ ture.” Representatives of various institutions. German Chairman: Professor Oscar Burkhard, University of Minnesota. Secretary: Dr. Richard Jente, Washington University. “Some Questions in German Instruction.” Professor M. D. Baumgartner. (Interest in German in the colleges is reviving slowly but encouragingly. Students can be attracted by good teachers, therefore teachers should be trained well and perform their work conscientiously. More attention could be paid to choice of reading material and “unglad” stories should be avoided. Student German clubs should be developed.) “Our Present Problems in German Instruction.” Pro­ fessor B. Q. Morgan. (No change in method necessary. Teaching should be of the highest grade. Students must find pleasure in the work. The class and curriculum problems are the same as ever, but courses in translation should be offered for a cultural acquaintance with the literature. Classes now have to be formed in some of the universities to. provide for the graduate students in other departments who need German. The falling off of interest in lan­ guages in the high schools has had an effect in the colleges not only on German. Language is dropping out of the school consciousness. All lan­ guage instruction will suffer eventually unless there is cooperation among the language teachers for an improvement of the situation.) “Curriculum Changes to meet our Present Problems.” Professor E. H. Lauer. (With the revival of German in the high school courses and methods here must be better correlated to the college work than heretofore. Such a course of four years presented in detail.) “Economy in the Teaching of Elementary German.” Professor Charles Goettsch. (Numerous practical suggestions were offered in clear outline for the teaching of elementary and second year courses.) General discussion led by Professor B. J. Vos. (No attempt has been made in first year German grammars to use a monogeneous fundamental stock of words. Students using different primers have therefore acquired a surprisingly dissimilar preparation in vocabulary. At present 23 different grammars are used in over 100 of our better colleges. The sum of words used by these 23 grammars together amounts to more than 3500 words; the common stock of words found in each one of these grammars amounts to only 227 words. Attempts have been made by different people to set down a list of the most common German words. Wheelock and Meras have put up some very impractical compilations of words; Eierwirth’s list, the best of all, is antiquated. The author of this paper presented his own standardized vocabulary as a remedy to the present situation in vocabulary. His list is composed of 900 passive and 666 active words, based on the 23 grammars and elementary texts at present used in over 100 colleges and universities. A text-book using these 900 words will appear this fall.) Professor B. Q. Morgan was elected chairman for 1923, and empowered to appoint a secretary. The attendance was twenty-five. ' Romance Languages This section was divided into two groups, one for French and the other for Spanish. It was voted to continue the same arrangement in future, and to schedule the two meet­ ings at different hours. The attendance on both groups was seventy-five. (1) French Group Chairman: Professor Harry Kurz, Knox College. “The Purpose and Organization of a Survey Course in French Literature.” Professor Charles E. Young. Owing to the illness of Professor Young his paper was read by Professor Bush. Outstanding points: The survey course is unavoidable for a wide view. Some careful translation at the beginning of the text. The rest more rapidly. Survey class not a place for oratory or lectures, nor fine points. Not a place for grammar review, nor a basis for conversation. Better skip Pascal and Bossuet. Corneille and Racine and Moliere should not be read by selections. Better to read a few plays. Three outstanding aims are linguistic, aesthetic and historic. There was discussion by Messrs. MacClintock, Brush and Bovee. In the absence of Miss Helen Bidal of Carleton College her paper discussing the same subject was read by the Chairman. “The Four-Foot Shelf of the High School Teacher of French.” Professor Russell P. Jameson. This paper presented an interesting and useful bibliography for students preparing to teach French and for young teachers. His bibliography in­ cludes dictionaries, grammars, histories of literature, art, music, general histories, linguistics, and pronunciation. This last paper exhausted the remaining time, and it was a matter of regret that Professor F. E Bedford, Ball Teachers College, who was to discuss this paper, and Professor George D. Morris, who offered a paper on “Lesson Planning for First-Year French Classes,” could not be heard from. Pro­ fessor Jameson will be chairman for French for the next year, and Professor Bovee secretary. (2) Spanish Group Chairman: Professor Ralph E. House, State University of Iowa. “The Survey Course in Spanish Literature.” The whole program was given to an interesting general discussion of this subject led by Professor G. T. Northup. The following officers were appointed to prepare the pro­ gram for 1923 for the Spanish group: Chairman, Professor Dale; Secretary, Professor Arthur L. Owen. At 6:30 P.M., there was a subscription dinner in the quarters of the Traffic Club, Hotel La Salle. Professor Nitze acted as Toastmaster. The chief speakers of the evening were Professor J. F. A. Pyre, University of Wisconsin, and Provost Gordon Lang, University of Toronto. Professors Henri David, University of. Chicago, and Alfonso de Salvio, Northwestern University, gave an admirable presentation of a scene from Moliere’s “Avare.” Professor Arthur Bovee gave some excellent music. FOURTH SESSION, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 30, 9 A. M. ROOM 401 NORTHWESTERN LAW BUILDING Business Meeting The business meeting was called to order by Chairman W. A. Nitze. The Secretary reviewed the minutes of 1921 and called attention to several items of unfinished business. The Secretary read a letter of greeting to the people of the Central Division from the Secretary of the Modern Language Association of America, Professor Carleton Brown. The Secretary called the roll of the research groups, asking for the names of officers appointed, the attendance, etc. The Division proceeded to the discussion of the research groups. In this participated Messrs. Knott, Arthur Brown, Craig, Faurot, Kurz, B. E. Young, Nitze, H. S. V. Jones, Coffman, Brush, Hohlfeld, J. H. Scott, H. A. Smith, Mc­ Kenzie, Morgan, Baskervill and others. Professor Knott’s plan for the Chaucer Research Group of 1923 was much favored. It is as follows: “The Chairman, with cooperation of other members, will survey the research output of the past three years, and will determine the most promis­ ing two or three fields or subjects for research. Two of these will be assigned early in the year to two or three persons each, in order that they may pre­ pare five or ten minute talks on proposals for the most advantageous re­ search. The object is to organize in advance an effective type of round table—one that will have an objective or two and that will progress towards that objective. The objective is to open up more research work.” Professors Arthur Brown and H. S. V. Jones suggested having very few papers and bringing in critical literature for discussion. Professor Nitze spoke of the value of a syllabus with a definite program to follow, as preferred by Professor Coffman. The latter was called upon to describe the success­ ful plan used by him in mediaeval Latin. Miss Fredericks Blankner proposed a group in French Metrics. Professor H. A. Smith offered the following resolution which was adopted: “Resolved, That it be the sense of this meeting that we lengthen the present time for program by a half day, probably by using the morning of the first day, but giving the Secretary power to decide this matter.” Professor Knott asked for an expression of opinion on the usefulness of the sections on instruction. In the dis­ cussion that followed, by Messrs. Faurot, Kurz, Craig, Young and Nitze, the feeling seemed to be that these sections were exceedingly useful for French and German where elementary courses must be taught, but less necessary in English. The report of the Committee on Grammatical Nomencla­ ture, to the effect that the work of the committee was practi­ cally completed, was made by Professor E. H. Wilkins. The report was accepted and it was voted to cooperate in the continuation of the committee. Secretary Young read an appeal from the League of Nations on behalf of the Austrian universities. Professor Smith moved indorsement of it and it was so voted. Professor Hugh A. Smith called up again his resolution of the 1920 meeting, as follows: “Whereas, The salary paid at present to the Secretary of the Central Division affords him little margin over the expense of attending the annual meetings, therefore, be it Resolved, That we recommend to the Executive Council that the Secre­ tary’s vouchers for annual necessary expenses in attending the meetings and for clerical assistant in carrying on the work of the Division be allowed, to an amount not exceeding $100 additional to his present salary.” As it appeared that the Executive Council, for fear of a possible deficit, postponed this allowance until 1922, and as it appeared that the said deficit failed to occur, Professor Smith moved that his resolution be readopted, with its provisions to apply from the original date. With an amend­ ment by Professor Thomas A. Knott, making the action still more definite, “retroactive and to include back payment for 1921,” the resolution was readopted and the Secretary was instructed .to communicate this action to the proper authorities. Professor McKenzie offered the following resolution: Whereas, the Central Division of the Modem Language Association, originally formed for the benefit of members who could not conveniently attend the annual meetings in the East, has at present no voice in the transaction of the business of the Association as a whole or in the election of the general officers, except at union meetings, Resolved, That it is the sentiment of the Central Division that henceforth the Modern Language Association ought to be organized as two or more coordinate and autonomous Divisions, each with its own program and territory, and each electing its own President, Secretary and other officers for the conduct of its affairs; and that officers whose duties concern the Association as a whole should be elected only at union meetings, Resolved, That the Secretary of the Central Division be instructed to bring this matter to the attention of the Executive Council of the Associa­ tion with a view to the possibility of presenting amendments to the Consti­ tution at the Union Meeting of 1923, or for such other action as the Council may deem suitable.” This resolution was discussed by Messrs. Knott, Morgan, Baskervill, Smith, Hohlfeld, Young and Faurot. Upon the motion of the latter the resolution was adopted, the Executive Committee being instructed to improve the phraseology if necessary. The Committee on Nomination of New Officers, Professor McKenzie, Chairman, brought in the following nominations: George O. Curme, Northwestern University, for Chairman; Hugh Thieme, University of Michigan, and Walter C. Curry, Vanderbilt University, for Vice Chairmen; Bert E. Young, Indiana University, for Secretary; Executive Committee: T. P. Cross, University of Chicago (term expiring in 1923); B. J. Vos, Indiana University (1924); A. C. L. Brown, Northwestern University (1925); C. D. Zdanowicz, Uni­ versity of Wisconsin, (1926); W. A. Nitze, University of Chicago (1927), and the Chairman and the Secretary, ex officio. The Secretary cast the ballot of the Division for these nominees. The Committee on Resolutions, Professor Carnahan, Chairman, offered the following resolution of thanks: “Resolved, That we express our sincere appreciation of the hospitality extended to us, as members of the Central Division of the Modern Language Association, by the University of Chicago and Northwestern University; that we thank the presidents and faculties of these universities for their kindly welcome, and that we express our appreciation to the members of the local committee for the fine entertainment which they have furnished us, under the able leadership of Professors A. Coleman and W. F. Bryan. This resolution was adopted by a rising vote. SPECIAL SESSION The business meeting was followed by a session at eleven devoted to talks on the educational opportunities under present conditions in foreign countries. Foreign Study Chairman: Professor Hardin Craig, State University of Iowa. “The Present Opportunities for University Work in Ger­ many.” Professor A. R. Hohlfeld. “Opportunities for Advanced Study and Research in the Italian Universities.” Professor Kenneth McKenzie. Ex­ change Professor, Italian Universities, 1921-22. “The Possibilities for American Students in the Summer School in Mexico City, the National Archives and Their National Library.” Professor William Oliver Farnsworth, Delegate, 1922, to the National University of Mexico. Adjournment. PAPERS PRESENTED (To be read by Title only] “Gay’s ‘Polly’ in Relation to Dramatic Censorship and Literary Satire.” Professor George R. Coffman. “Chauntecleer and Pertelote on Dreams,” by Professor W. C. Curry. “A Practical Modem Bibliography of French Literature of the Sixteenth Century.” Professor Harry Kurz, Knox College. “The Adventures of Gilbert Imlay.” Professor R. L. Rusk, Indiana University. “Voltaire and Spain.” Professor A. de Salvio, Northwestern University. “Voltaire and Gacon.” Mr. George B. Watts, University of Minnesota. MEETING OF THE PHILOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST The Twenty-fourth Annual Meeting of the Philological Association of the Pacific Coast was held at the Hotel Bellevue, San Francisco, December 1 and 2, 1922, President Monroe E. Deutsch presiding at all sessions. The following business was transacted: The minutes of the last annual meeting were approved as printed in the Publications of the Modern Language Association and to be printed in the Transactions of the American Philological Association. The Treasurer made the following report for the year 1921-1922: Receipts Balance on hand Dec. 7, 1921.............................................$218.30 Interest.................................................................................... 3.88 Dues......................................................................................... 540.80 $762.98 Expenditures Hotel St. Francis (room for 1921 meeting)........................ $10.00 University Club (waiters’ gratuity).................................... 5.00 Printing................................................................................... 72.50 Postage, carfare and expressage........................................... 10.74 Typing and mimeographing................................................. 6.50 Dues to Modem Language Association.............................. 255.71 Dues to American Philological Association........................ 155.00 Balance on hand Dec. 1, 1922.............................................. 247.53 $762.98 On motion the report was accepted and referred to the Auditing Committee. The appointment of the following committees was an­ nounced by the President: Nominating: Professors Schilling, Nutting, Johnston. Auditing: Professors Elmore, Bruce. Social: Professors Hart, Richardson, Tatlock. The Secretary’s report consisted chiefly of statistics of membership for the past year, and notice of the election of 36 new members. It was moved and seconded that the nominating committee be made permanent, one member to be elected each year. By vote of the members present further consideration of the motion was deferred until Saturday morning. The report of the nominating committee was read and accepted, and by vote the following officers were elected for the ensuing year: President: C. G. Allen. Vice-Presidents: A. P. McKinlay, B. 0. Foster. Secretary: A. G. Kennedy. Treasurer: W. L. Schwartz. Executive Committee: The above-named officers and R. M. Alden, R. Schevill, E. A. Wicher, C. Paschall. The Auditing Committee reported that the accounts and vouchers of the Treasurer were correct and in order. On motion the report was accepted and approved. The Association then voted that the nominating com­ mittee shall consist henceforth of three members, shall be appointed by the President, and each member shall hold office for three years, the respective terms of office to expire in successive years. In case of the absence of any member of the committee from the annual meeting, the President shall fill the vacancy with a temporary appointment. To initiate this system, the incoming President shall select two members from the nominating committee of the present session and add a third, indicating the terms of office of these members as of 1, 2 and 3 years. On motion a vote of thanks was extended to the University Club for hospitality and the Treasurer was authorized to pay $10.00 to the “Christmas Box” for the waiters of the Club. It was also voted that the President be authorized to ap­ point each year certain members whose duty it should be to carry to the American Philological Association and the Modern Language Association of America the greetings of the Philological Association of the Pacific Coast, the choice to be made from those members likely to be in attendance at the annual meetings of the Eastern associations. By motion the President was authorized to appoint a committee of three to represent the Association and assist it in keeping in touch with the movement started at the last annual meeting of the Modern Language Association of America for the promotion of the study of medieval Latin literature. It was further voted that the Philological Associa­ tion of the Pacific Coast recommend the appointment of Professor E. K. Rand as the American representative on the committee having in charge the publication of a new medieval Latin dictionary. Professor R. M. Alden called the attention of the members to the desirability of cooperating with and supporting the Modern Humanities Research Association. The attendane at the four sessions numbered 50, 50, 40 and 38 respectively. Arthur G. Kennedy, Secretary. PROGRAM First Session Friday, December 1, at 10 a.m. 1. The Ballad of Ebbe Skammelson and the English King Horn, by Professor Arthur G. Brodeur, of the University of California. 2. The Poems of the Appendix Vergiliana, by Professor H. R. Fairclough, of the Leland Stanford Junior University. 3. William Blake and Gilchrist’s Remarkable Coterie of Advanced Thinkers by Professor Harold Bruce, of the University of California. 4. Some Recent Criticisms of the Communal Theory of Ballad Origins, by Professor Robert W. Gordon, of the University of California. Second Session Friday, December 1, at 2 p.m. 5. Annual Address of the President of the Association, Professor Monroe E. Deutsch, of the University of Califor­ nia: Caesar’s Triumphs. 6. Conference in Mediaeval Latin Literature and Its Relation: a. To Mediaeval Culture in General, by Professor L. J. Paetow, of the University of California. b. To Classical Latin Literature, by Professor Max Radin, of the Uni­ versity of California. c. To Mediaeval Vernacular Literature, by Professor E. C. Hills, of the University of California. d. To Modem Literature, by Professor W. D. Briggs, of the Leland Stanford Junior University. e. The Work and Plans of the Section on Mediaeval Latin, of the Modern Language Association of America, by Professor J. S. P. Tatlock. Third Session Saturday, December 2, at 10 a.m. 7. An Early American Poet, by Professor Howard J. Hall, of the Leland Stanford Junior University. 8. A Possible Origin of Duodecimal Counting, by Professor Clarence Paschall, of the University of California. 9. Marionettes in the Time of Shakespeare, by Professor Mathurin Dondo, of the University of California. 10. Mediaeval Interest in the Origin of Idolatry and Classical Paganism, by Professor John D. Cooke, of the University of Southern California. Fourth Session Saturday, December 2, at 2 p.m. 11. D’Avenant and Thomas Heywood: A New Source for the Siege of Rhodes, by Professor Alwin Thaler, of the University of California. 12. Hamlet, and the Anti-Elizabethan Reaction, by Professor Thomas K. Whipple, of the University of Cali­ fornia. 13. The Attic Libel Law and Freedom of Speech, by Professor Max Radin, of the University of California. 14. The Infant Alexander, by Professor Willard H. Durham, of the University of California. 15. Swift in the Twentieth Century, by Professor Guy Mongomery, of the University of California. 16. Two Brief Papers on the New Testament, by Pro­ fessor Edward A. Wicher of the San Francisco Theological Seminary. a. The use of 6 in Mark 12:20. A discussion of the primacy of Judas Iscariot in the company of the twelve disciples. b. ’ETTiovo-ioy in the Lord’s Prayer. 17. Classical Traditions in Mediaeval Irish Literature, by Professor Edward G. Cox, of the University of Washing­ ton. MODERN LANGUAGE SCHOLARSHIP: AN ENQUIRY* By William Albert Nitze Por la costume maintenir De vostre fontainne deffandre.—Yvain, 1848 ff. In choosing this text from my favorite Old French poet, I have no designs on my audience. Be undisturbed; the Red Knight of Arthurian romance shall not obtrude his counte­ nance here and it is indifferent to me—on this occasion ■—whether there are fairy-mistresses or not. Nor am I, as some of you might think, making the ambitious attempt of defending anew the Pierian Spring. Poetry today needs no defence, unless it be the defense d’imprinter, which applies to us all, poets and philologs alike, when our knowledge and inspiration lag, and the product is not worthy of the producer. My task is at once more prosaic and more definite. I propose merely to stand my ground, as a Modern Language teacher and scholar; to state, in my own way, what I think we are about, as one convinced of the value of our profession in itself and to others—despite the blight of misgivings and protests, from one quarter and another, which periodically threatens us with ruin. This, then, is the Spring which your Chairman—like so many Chairmen before him—would defend and, if possible, protect against contamination. In many respects, the position of the Modern Language profession has never been more favorable than it is today. We have come through the period of the Great War, like the rest of mankind seared perhaps as to our hopes, but on the whole with our consciences clear and our opportunities for work and services greater than before. In making this statement, I do not overlook the fact that our growth has been accompanied by considerable disproportion. The * The Chairman’s Address, delivered on Thursday, December 28, 1922, at Chicago, Ill., at the Twenty-seventh Annual Meeting of the Central Division of the Modem Language Association of America. German language (and literature) does not yet re-occupy the position to which it is entitled in our school and college curricula, nor is it receiving the attention it should in the field of research. Whatever the causes of this continued neglect may be, and they are not one but many, our German brethren should be encouraged to pursue their subject with some of their old-time ardor—mindful of Schiller’s advice: Immer strebe zum Ganzen, und, kannst Du selber kein Ganzes werden, als dienendes Glied schliess’ an ein Ganzes Dich an. But it takes faith to move scholars as well as mountains, and until we believe that German is needed to accomplish our common task worthily, until it dawns on us that without German the Romance and the English scholar is bound in the long run to err, it may be futile to expect a readjustment. Meantime, let us rejoice in the fact that French, Spanish and even Italian flourish space and that English occupies a philological stronghold which not even Mr. Bryan can profit­ ably assail despite the circumstance that its curve is evolu­ tionary in the highest degree. Call to mind the history of the last hundred years, and you will realize how from the rallying cry of Schlegel—Pour faire avancer la philologie du moyen age, il faut y appliquer les principes de la philologie classique, our “science” has come to occupy the foreground in humanistic studies, to the detriment alas! of that classical philology which we were urged humbly to follow but which no one imagined we should so soon outdistance. I remember hearing the great Gildersleeve say: “How sad it is that I should live to see Greek considered as an Oriental language.” And a classical colleague of mine1 recently stated in a public address: “There was a time when the classics and moderns were arrayed against one another. How childish that debate seems as we look back upon it! It should now be fully recog­ nized that the cause of the one is the cause of the other; that if classical philology goes, all philology will go. They must stand together, as the main bulwark of humanistic 1 Professor Gordon Laing, University [Chicago} Record, VIII. culture.” Coming from a classicist, who is also a distin­ guished administrator, this vox clamantis should not go unheeded. Thus, admitting that the mantle of the classics has fallen on the shoulders of the moderns, the question is: Are we equal to the occasion? Can the literary and linguistic culture of the ages be safely entrusted to our keeping? Or shall we, as another speaker before this Association once trenchantly said, “Nero-like fiddle away our time while the flame of a misguided ambition consumes the city of our hopes?” There should be no delay in making two observations: First, we cannot and should not, as the guardians of culture, set our minds primarily on being what is called “practical.” Secondly, it is not “practical” to neglect scholarship, for it can be shown that every advance in linguistic and literary teaching has been preceded by an advance in linguistic and literary scholarship. Let me not be misunderstood. As one of the founders of our National Federation of Modern Language Teachers, I should be the last person to minimize the importance of the “art” of teaching. In the language field especially, “the traditional or conventional value of a subject is not sufficient to make it acceptable if it is not well taught” (Ogden in MLJ V, 354). Every experienced person knows how difficult is the art of teaching a language in such a country as ours, in which definiteness and continuity of purpose are so rarely obtainable. Where, for example, should the high school leave off and the college begin—in subjects like French and Spanish? If training in the “recognition” of foreign sounds and sentences be the Open Sesame of the language methodists today, at what particular point of in­ struction does “reproduction” begin? If Phonetics is an essential aid in teaching modern foreign languages, who will design for us a graded course in Phonetics, suited to our national needs? These and a host of other questions the writers for our Modern Language Journal are endeavoring to answer, and far be it from me to disparage the worthiness of PROCEEDINGS FOR 1922 lxix their efforts. Let them have all the encouragement they deserve. At the same time, in this swing of the pendulum toward the “practical,” there is danger, I believe, of putting the cart before the horse. If we need teachers, still more do we need scholars and the opportunities for scholarship. Or am I, in the terms of the French adage, knocking at an open door? Let us stop a moment to consider. Those who drew up the Constitution of the Modern Language Association were wisely liberal as to its provisions. They did not exclude from our program, the pedagogy of our subjects, yet they indicated clearly where the chief emphasis of the Association was to be placed. Our object, they said, is “the advance­ ment of the study of the Modern Languages and their Literatures through the promotion of friendly relations among scholars”—and having given this sop to Cerberus— they continued: “through the publication of results of in­ vestigation by members, and through the presentation and discussion of papers at an annual meeting.” To this general program we have clung tenaciously for nearly forty years, making but two changes in it, each of a subsidiary character. The Central Division has devoted a fraction of its meetings to pedagogical discussions, and last year a program was worked out by Professor Manly to stimulate investigation according to methods which are at once sounder and more comprehensive than those of the past. Thus not only has the Modern Language Association been true to its tenets but it has been progressive in meeting new opportunities. Nevertheless, how do we stand today as measured by the demon, Success? How do we appear to the more intelligent members of the public, whose interests we may be supposed to serve? What recognition and encouragement are legiti­ mately ours? I need not go so far afield as to interrogate our iconoclastic Menckens for an answer. There are voices, nearer home, ready with a reply if we will but listen to them. Ask any of your respective Boards of Trustees, Overseers or Regents as to their opinion of our purposes and attainments. “Professor,” said a janitor to one of my colleagues the other day, “I did not see your name in the President’s bibliography.” Surely, where janitors are solicitous, trustees and presidents will know that we have contributed not only pebbles but brick and stone to the building of the Oxford Dictionary, the Cam­ bridge Histories of Literature, the first complete edition of Cervantes’ work, etc., not to dwell on the fact that several of our number have done their share in restoring Irish learn­ ing to the literary map of Europe. Undeceive yourselves. Few, if any, of our trustees and presidents, know anything of the kind; and did they, there are other more important matters to engage their attention. What they probably are sadly aware of is that some particular professor of Modern Languages did not enable them to chatter glibly in French or German, overlooking, as Professor Shorey has said, that none of these gentlemen would distinguish himself now “if examined on mediaeval history, conic sections, organic chemistry, or whatever else he happened to elect when in college.”2 Or to quote again the words of George Eliot, “the depth of middle-aged gentlemen’s ignorance will never be known for want of public examinations in this branch.” There are of course many reasons why so few of our college graduates learn to speak foreign languages. I need not bore you tonight with an enumeration of them. The fact is that more and more of our college students are learning to speak a foreign language and I for my part hope and expect to see their numbers grow. But the mere ability to speak a foreign language is here beside the point, and the really lamentable thing for America in general is that so small a number of college graduates have a knowledge of foreign civilizations as reflected in European science, literature and art. Where- ever a university trustee or president is himself actively engaged in reading foreign literature of one type or another, you can count upon him to understand and further the - School Review, XVIII, 589. RROCIEDINGS TOR 1922 Ixxi teaching—and even research-—of that branch; but absit omen, I am not aware that any such is making himself vociferously heard in our behalf. While the Rockefellers give to Medicine, the Carnegies to History and Economics, and Colonel Thompson lavishes $10,000,000 on fundamental research in Botany, we, the purveyors of Modern Culture, have practically been left to our own resources. Professor Spingarn, surveying the scene from his ivory- tower of discontent, would join the ranks of the extremists by questioning whether America has any scholarship to encourage. As a contributor to an enquiry on American Civilization,3 the title of which might properly have been “My Country Right or Wrong, and Mostly Wrong,” he glibly gives us the once over and concludes: “All is shell, mask, and a deep inner emptiness. We have scholars without scholarship, as there are churches without religion.” “No great work of classical learning has ever been achieved by an American scholar,” and “a very characteristic academic prod­ uct is the professor who writes popular articles, sometimes clever, sometimes precious, sometimes genteel and refined, sometimes commonplace, but almost always devoid of real knowledge or stimulating thought.” To the solider qualities of Professor Spingarn’s essay I shall return presently. Nor is there now time to defend our cause, as it deserves, pugnis et calcibus, unguibus et rostro. Yet I must observe that America has no monopoly on the unscholarly scholar—he flourishes in other climes as well as ours. Shorey’s phrase about “the triple sawdust of Stemp- linger’s Horaz”—whether justified or not—should put us on our guard against the assumption that European scholarship is prevailingly “stimulating.” And I should only be heaping coals or fire on Professor Spingarn’s head if I observed that A History of Literary Criticism in the Renaissance is a pioneer scholarly work of the first order, by an American. If—as our critic affirms—Gilbert Murray, Croiset, and Wilamowitz are 3 Civilization in the United States, 1922, pp. 93-108. European scholars with whom “it would be unfair to suggest comparison,” what about Whitney, Child, Gummere, Kittredge and Shorey? Are not these names significant enough to challenge comparison? Or is there an inherent difference in scholarship, according to whether it has the European or American trade-mark? Frankly I believe the profession is far better off than Professor Spingarn will admit. Young as America is, it has an honorable scholarly tradition, based on adequate ideals and considerable genuine achieve­ ment. But as compared with Europe, our scholars are scattered over a vast territory and—except for occasions like the present—we are forced to toil alone without the zest that springs from companionship and a ready, personal exchange of ideas. Moreover let us not forget that in certain fields of research the larger problems of investigation had necessarily to await the solution of minor problems of editing. This is particularly true of Spanish, for instance, where serviceable school and college texts had for a long time to be the first consideration. Yet it may not be amiss to remind our critic that Bonilla y San Martin in the preface to a long forgotten Spanish novel has a diablo cojuelo lift the roofs from Spanish book-shops filled with enviable American editions of Spanish Classics. Professor Spingarn knows that Ticknor’s History of Spanish Literature was a pioneer work in its field, but apparently he does not know that Fitz- maurice-Kelly acknowledges his debt to many an American monograph for the improvement he has made on Ticknor. The fact is—and it needs a lot of reiteration in this age of journalistic slapdash—that scholarship is a meticulous under­ taking. It cannot be conjured into being merely by good-will or what is called inspiration or brilliancy. Doubtless great scholars are born, just like poets. Still more are they made, like journeymen. “La psychologie historique,” says Gaston Paris, thus designating the sum total of our humanistic endeavor, “ne se developpe que grace a une infinite de re- cherches extremement precises et souvent extremement tenues; elle est peut-etre, a l’heure qu’il est, la plus arriferee des sciences, et cela s’explique par son importance et sa complexity memes: l’anthropologie, 1’ethnographic, la geo­ graphic, l’histoire des faits, celle des lois, des moeurs, des religions, des philosophies, des sciences, des arts, des lettres, doivent d’abord lui apporter leurs resultats ... Grace a la minutieuse exactitude, a la methode severe, a la critique a la fois large et rigoreuse qu’on exige maintenant de ceux qui font de l’histoire litteraire, celle-ci pourra bientot presenter a la science dont elle depend ... un tribut vraiment utile et pret a etre utilise.”4 * The great French scholar wrote these words in 1885. Since then much water, both clear and muddy, has flowed beneath the philological bridge. Yet the essential tenets of Gaston Paris are true today. Eloquence —Beredsamkeit—is not the same thing as scholarship. Time, which is our best ally because it is so merciless to the rhetori­ cian, will inevitably draw the distinction. Or to carry out the eschatology of the metaphor: “In my opinion,” said Gildersleeve to an audience at the University of Chicago, “the sawdust of learning will make a hotter fire than the shavings of rhetoric.”6 And from the same powerful per­ sonality came long ago the exhortation: “It is better to be a plodding man of science than a mouthing and phrasing rhe­ torician; and we have every right to show impatience with literary bric-a-brac in our calling, and to insist on technical training for the critic of Plato and the eulogist of Demos­ thenes.”6 But it is time for us to restourner a nos moutons whom we left straying outside of Professor Spingarn’s stronghold. To take arms against the bogey of the “practical” in our scholar­ ship—as so many others have done before me—would be idle repetition unless it amounted to something more than saying: The sin I impute to each frustrate ghost Is the lamp unlit and the ungirt loin. 4 Poisie du moyen dge, p. xii. 8 University Record, VI, 53. 8 Johns Hopkins University Circular, no. 150, p. 11. For if our scholarship is good and our faith is sound—as I venture to affirm they are—then they must contain within themselves the means of stirring a public whose dormant, inner life has not yet been roused. It remains, however, to state what these means are and how to make them effec­ tive. First, and above all, let us practice patience. It is the teacher’s virtue—it is also the scholar’s. But, in so doing, let us be conscious of the role we have to play; the liberty of the scholar, like all other liberties, is born of the union of consciousness and strength. The well-known Sitzfleiss of the Germans has achieved victories which the Germans might well have taken to heart when other things than scholarship were at stake. America has yet to learn that valuable discoveries are not made overnight. The remedy, in my estimation, is not to cultivate erudition less but to apply it more assiduously to the problems we have in hand. A glance at tomorrow’s program will show how numerous they are. Whether or not they will become “vital” to a larger circle than our own, will depend primarily upon our own attitude. Yet we know beforehand that no one of the topics under discussion will amount to much unless we have the patience to bring the whole weight of our scholarship to bear upon it and then to await the verdict of Time. The most significant work on the Old French epic—Bedier’s Legendes epiques—was not the product of a single year or of a single mind; it was the result rather of a long period of exploration in which the true path had been blazed inde­ pendently by an Austrian and an American investigator. Thus, as Professor Armstrong so aptly reminds us: Tout vient d point a qui sait attendre (“There’s always a right moment comes to him who is canny in waiting”), and unless I read the present horoscope amiss we shall not, as a body, have to wait so very long. Such essays as Professor Spin- garn’s should fill us with new hope . Certainly, the material­ ism of the masses is getting some rude buffets. Our so-called young radicals are ruffling not only shallow waters but also the deeper streams of our national complacency. In every direction, there is among our youth a current of protest against our spiritual shyness, our tendency to conform, our trust—born of fear—that our intellectual progress depends on “organization and administration as opposed to individual effort.” All of which receives a fitting climax in Mr. Pic- coli’s quotat on from a Chinese friend that “an American university is an athletic association in which certain op­ portunities for study are provided for the feeble-bodied.” It is hopeful, I say, when we thoughtfully swallow such a gibe from a foreigner, while, at the same time, we bend our efforts to mend our ways. Thus, I optimistically see signs that we are preparing for better days. Is not one of America’s best-sellers, Van Wyck Brook’s Gilded Age, an indication, that, as a nation, we are not only able but also ready to measure the average American outook on life by genuine humanistic standards? Main Street and Haldeman-Julius’ Dust may seem like freshets as compared with the sociological ocean of a Balzac or a Dickens, but again they are a promise of a brighter future in which our literature—and with it our art and our scholarship —shall be energized into a pulsating national culture. Meantime, patience appears to me to be the scholar’s primal asset in this era of change and uncertainty; provided always patience is not made synonymous with indolence or with self-interest. But where everybody, the ignorant and hasty as well as the wise and learned, is ready to pronounce judgment, it is well to have a few solid souls who, unlike La Fontaine’s reed, do not bend to every wind that blows. The true scholar knows that certain things said by Plato and Aristotle, by Dante and Aquinas, by Goethe and Herder, by Gaston Paris, and Lanson, are eternally true. The point of view may change, the emphasis may shift, but the scholar’s aim is to see things sub specie aeternitatis—and, as an ideal, anything short of this is failure. But are we, one may ask, always actively engaged in putting our patience to the tests? At present our colleges and universities are experimenting with a course on Contem­ porary Civilization. Columbia, Amherst, Dartmouth, and a host of other institutions, alarmed at the undergraduate’s lack of interest in study are seeking to stimulate it anew. Your distinguished chairman of last year expressed his well-grounded doubts as to the wisdom of resorting to such a palliative—for palliative it necessarily is when we relegate to a group of teachers what should have been the business of each one of them. “To see all in the one” is the concern of every teacher, of every scholar, carrying the enthusiasm for his calling with him; and who has—or should have—a closer contact with “life” than the teacher of Modern Lan­ guages? Yet no argument can dam a stream of tendency. If then the “general course” is a certainty, just as Wells’ Outline of History and Van Loon’s The Story of Mankind are certainties, let us not take a stand against this new benevo­ lence. On the contrary, seeing what patience may achieve, let us contribute our moiety toward doing the thing well—as well as, under the circumstances, it can be done. The scholar will at least know what is feasible and what not, whether there is a sincere probing of the world’s problems, whether such a course is a demonstration of real knowledge, or a grand and delightful gesture like Cyrano’s in the play. This is a service that scholarship can render and, rendering it, fulfill its function. My second specific, though no less hortatory, is a bit more critical. And it amounts to saying: Let the scholar stand up for his ideals. Nothing of course is so blatant as advertising, and I very much doubt whether the Selbstanzeige of the Germanisch- romanische Monatschrift, if transplanted to this country, would raise us in the public esteem, let alone sell our books. But, if I may use a homely image, the American scholar is not unlike the canine in Rabelais’ Prologue who, finding a bone filled with marrow, keeps its precious contents to himself: Si veu l’avez—says Rabelais—vous avez peu noter de quelle devotion il le guette, de quel soin il le guarde, de quel ferveur il le tient, de quel pru­ dence il l’entomme, de quel affection il le brise, et de quel diligence il le sugce. American scholarship is still largely on the defensive. The scholar, as a rule, is too easily silenced with a pittance and a few hours of leisure for what is generously called his “research work” in order to make the collective headway he should either in his community or in his nation. By and large, we encourage our universities, through our own humility, to recruit their faculties with “harmless and guile­ less” teachers rather than with forceful and original per­ sonalities. Most American universities now recognize research in the humanities as a desideratum, an ornament so-to-speak of the scholar, a fringe on the lingerie of learning; but that it is a necessity, without which universities are such only in name, is not, I maintain, commonly held. To be sure, there are always notable exceptions; and other organiza­ tions besides our own are alive to the perils of the case. For if research in the humanities is necessary, then it is worth doing well and should be backed by all the resources the universities can command. This would require consider­ able division of labor, a clearer recognition than we now have of what is a graduate school, a definite apportionment of professors to it, etc. In short, the scholar would have to be rewarded for scholarship, and primarily for nothing else. The American Association of University Professors has recently published some interesting observations on the subject. Yet illuminating as these are, they will be as effective as a fly caught in amber, unless, somehow or other, our administrators will take them to heart. And here surely the laissez-faire attitude will get us nowhere. What scholarship really needs, I think, is a judicious and well-directed offensive: in behalf of its ideals, its personnel, and its service to society. And the more concrete the in­ stances, the more useful our offensive will prove. For example, when in the New Republic (XXXI, 336) P. L. points the finger of scorn at A List of American Doctoral Dissertations Printed in 1920 and then includes in his de­ rision Oliver Towles’ Prepositional Phrases of Asseveration and Adjuration in Old and Middle French, we might as well join in the laughter. Certainly, a defense of Towles, at this late date, would be worse than useless. However, who is to blame for this quixotic thrust at the grist-mill of our Ph.D.’s? We cannot condemn P. L., for irony is part of his job. To my humble thinking, it is not the system that is here at fault, but the fact that we have never taken the trouble to explain intelligently to the American mind what that system is. To judge merely by titles, a dissertation on Vergil’s Influence on tke Renaissance, if it did not win P. L.’s approval might at least have escaped his scorn—for it is quite clear that P. L. knows and appreciates the Classics. Nevertheless, as a dissertation-subject such a choice would have courted dangers that any specialist who has any inkling of the field could at once have pointed out. This is only one instance of the misconception that even the best of outsiders has of our function. Because of our silence, the layman does not know that a dissertation is primarily an exercise in scientific accuracy, a symbol that the disserta- tor is able to wield his tools, a demonstration of a merciless objective method—perhaps alas! the only such demonstra­ tion the candidate will have the stoicism to make—rather than a real enrichment of human knowledge, which in any case is reserved for the few to achieve and for which such training in accuracy is the only preparation humanly con­ ceivable. I have no illusions about the value of dissertations as a class. I will grant you that the archetype has not yet been found and that meanwhile there is room, plenty of it, for improvement. We might even, like the Curate and the Barber in Don Quijote, make a donoso y grande escrutinio of all the dissertations in our libraries. Only I venture to predict solemnly that before we applied the torch to so much printing, we would take ample and careful notes on this point or that, on the Inchoative Function of the French Past Absolute, on just what parts of the Body survived in Later Germanic Dialects, on why Sir Percival resembles a Great Fool, on which assonances in the Roland are echt- nachiveissbar and which not, etc., etc.—lest these and a host of other detailed problems assail us at an inopportune mo­ ment and put us to shame. For the Modern Language teacher knows, though he may not always admit the fact, that his teaching is a constant test of his scholarship. To the first-year graduate student a course in Old French may seem futile, especially when his heart longs for Modern English fiction, but place him in a high-school class in English and let a pupil ask him why “veal” is not called “calf” and “beef” is not called “ox,” and his longing may be reversed. The layman may think it a waste of time to investigate end-consonants in French, ask him to pronounce one and he may learn to appreciate Professor Barker’s discovery that they must be sounded as if “initial.” Such examples all of us here could multiply a hundredfold, each from the wealth of his own experience. That being the case, has not the time come for less modesty and more asseveration and adjuration on our own part? Why leave this role to the French prepositions or to H. L. Mencken’s oscillations in American Philology? The abusive controversies of Renaissance scholars had at least the value that they let no one forget that scholarship was alive, whereas there is sober fact in Professor Spingarn’s statement that the American University of today is “timid and anaemic because it lacks that quixotic fire which inheres in every act of faith.” Biologically speaking, the scholar needs the refreshment of direct action. He also needs the encourage­ ment that comes from legitimate recognition. If the public lack enlightenment, why not tell them our story, as the scientists are telling theirs, in a series of popular manuals which the average person can understand. Here is a task that some of our University Presses can legitimately under­ take. In the long run it might prove far more useful—and certainly more remunerative—than the multiplication of existing types of journals and monographs, which in them­ selves may be excellent but because of their number and diversity are already a serious problem to our libraries and bibliographers, not to mention subscribers. If the sciences have their “romance,” what shall we say of philology? The progress that has been made in the various fields of syntax, etymology, semantics, literary history, etc. would make a fascinating account, if properly sifted and presented. As can be seen from the recent monumental work of Jesper- son, Language, its Nature, Development and Origin, there are countless respects in which the history of language abounds in matters of general human interest. And owing to pho­ netics, the phonologies of the past can be made as vivid as the “thin Irish pronunciation” that survives in the old lines: Poor Lucinda Was burnt to a cinder, And that was the end of “she”; For once she was tender, But now she is tinder,— How that poor girl suffered for me! “I began,” says Gildersleeve, “as a literary aspirant. I have wound up as a statistical syntactician.” “Yet,” con­ tinues this veteran of the philological guild, “I would reiterate the confession of my faith in the formulae of my youth, my belief in the wider conception of philological work, in the necessity of bringing all our special training into relation with the whole of philological truth, the life of the world, the life of humanity.” But my conscience tells me that I should exhort less and demonstrate more or my audience will be justified in imitat­ ing Panurge, who “sans autre chose dire, jette en pleine mer son mouton criant et bellant.” Still I should not be true to my exordium if I did not insist, as my third and last point, that our teaching should be made to rest firmly on our scholarship. As has been said over and over again, teaching is to scholar­ ship as “art” is to “science.” In the exercise of our profes­ sion we may pursue the one without the other, but if we do so I cannot help thinking that it is an imperfect thing that we pursue. My colleagues in the University of Chicago assure me that Michelson is such a great scientist because he is also an excellent teacher: one who knows how to demonstrate simply the discoveries he has made. Such a man you will say is exceptional, but there is no exception to the rule that a good teacher must be scholarly. While teaching is a talent, yet it is one that does not utterly elude analysis; and one of the basic principles of good teaching is that it springs full-armed from the mind of the person who knows his subject thoroughly. Knowing a subject well, it is a comparatively simple matter to devise methods for its presentation, provided of course we really take the time and the pains to do so intelligently. I am by no means blind to the fact that—at least, in our over-stocked college- classes—we generally do neither; that if the teaching of lan­ guage and literature were as serious a matter as, let us say, the teaching of engineering or dentistry, we should long ago have made our colleges remedy an intolerable situation; whereas here we are struggling on, year after year, with unwieldy classes of ill-assorted students, trusting more to fortune than to forethought that somehow our difficulties will iron themselves out. However that may be, nothing can be gained by the assumption that in the Modern Language classes we need teachers and not scholars. Substitute “method” for “knowl­ edge,” and you will commit the fallacy that underlies most of the cheap educationalism of modern times. Professor Dewey, who chides us for “sending out men to meet the exi­ gencies of contemporary life clothed in the chain-armor of antiquity,”7 recently asked: “What will happen if teachers become sufficiently courageous and emancipated to insist that education means the creation of the discriminating mind, a mind that prefers not to dupe itself or to be the dupe of others?” His answer is: “They will have to cultivate the habit of suspended judgment, of scepticism, of desire ’ Sew Republic, XXXII, 140. for evidence, of appeal to observation rather than sentiment, discussion rather than bias, inquiry rather than conven­ tional idealizations.” Exactly, one may add, the teacher must return to his scholarship, and it may turn out after all that the “chain-armor of antiquity” is for some people a safer garment than the rolled stocking of modernity. All of which amounts to saying with Brunot: “Il faut enseigner des choses vraies”; even in French Grammar, that nightmare of the methodists, this is the case. At the same time, there is a difficulty in this connection which inheres perhaps more in the Modern Languages than, for example, in Physics or History, and which, in all of our discussions, we are prone to overlook. The teacher of physics or history, assuming that he is something more than a makeshift or a propagandist, will capitalize the results of research in such a way that they will be directly reflected in his teaching. The physicist who knows nothing about “relativity” is simply not a physicist and be he ever so good an expositor of his subject. The historian who has not considered objectively the evidence he presents to his class, cannot hope nowadays to hold anybody’s interest. In the case of Modern Philology, however, research and teaching are not related in the same obvious way. Who cares whether X is an authority on the Peasant Vocabulary of George Sand, if the works of George Sand are never the subject of his teaching? Of what value to others is my knowledge of the Arthurian Cycle, unless I am giving a course on Geoffrey of Monmouth, Chretien de Troyes, or Tennyson? And my college or university may never be able to give me that opportunity. The argument is of course specious, as we all know, but that does not prevent it from bobbing up time and again, and at the most awkward moments. I have not time to answer it here in detail; nor is that at all necessary before this audience. But I should like to point out that—in my estimation—there are at least two reasons why the teaching of Modern Languages so often fails to produce in our students those higher results which we had so fondly expected, and why it does not obtain from the college-graduate and his associates the support and encouragement our efforts seem to merit. In the first place, it is simply because we do not stir the student’s imagination through the fruits of our scholarship. And, secondly, cul­ ture, of which we are—for better or for worse—the chief purveyors cannot be directly taught; it must be felt or experienced. The two things are so closely related that they amount to the same thing. For we do not aim to make the undergraduate primarily a scholar; that is the work of our graduate schools. What we are aiming to do is to awaken and cultivate the undergraduate’s taste, his judgment, his love of truth, his hate of sham—and, if we succeed in our attempt, we give him culture. It is our privilege to do this through the medium of language and literature; the lives that men have led, the thoughts they have had, the words they have spoken—all this and more is open to us for inter­ pretation. Obviously we cannot interpret it all. But each of us can seek the truth at some point, infinitesimal as it may seem, and with the experience thus gained he can illuminate in an ever-widening circle more and more mate­ rial; and, above all, he can lead others to follow his example— which is the recompense of all good teaching, graduate or undergraduate. In the final analysis, the teacher is only a leader. Some of you will express these things differently, many of you will express them better; but the fact remains, I believe—and I am now speaking “practically”—that it matters little in what channels our scholarship moves. The chief consideration is that it does move and thereby enables us to move others; for “men will work for the joy of com­ prehension, for the joy of beauty, for the joy of creative construction, as they will not work for less inspiring ends.” The same British Report on Modern Studies (p. 46) from which I have just quoted sums up my main contention as follows: All study has some moral values; Modern Studies are the study of man in all his higher activities, and thus may have a special moral value; but we need say no more of that. We are, and must be, concerned with Modem Studies as an instrument of culture, and by culture we mean that training which tends to develop the higher faculties, the imagination, the sense of beauty, and the intellectual comprehension. One object of scholarship, everyone admits, is to add to the world’s knowledge. Its other object—just as real, but not so generally admitted—is to make the teacher a truer, and therefore a better, exponent of culture. As for the Modern Languages, scholarship may do something more, but it should do nothing less. Thus, as I pull in my reins before coming to a full stop, I would re-affirm my faith in the ideals for which this Association has stood for nearly half a century. Scholar­ ship, like art and science, takes time, whereas life is noto­ riously short. I know that I am repeating a platitude. Yet in a country like the United States, where railroads have been built in a fortnight and cities have arisen in a genera­ tion, one cannot expect thoroughness to be regarded as a virtue or haste as a vice. Therefore a profession like ours is still necessarily at a discount. But for this very reason we Modern Language scholars should gather strength from our past achievements, and hope from our present oppor­ tunities, confident that the truth is our goal and that only the truth can set men free. “An educated man,” said Lord Morley in a moment of Aristotelian optimism, “is one who knows when a thing is proved and when it is not. An un­ educated man does not know.” This is at once a challenge and a promise to Modern Language scholarship of the future. It rests with us to make it a realization. THE MARKET FOR THE SCHOLARLY BOOK* The publication and distribution of books possessing a scholarly rather than a mercantile value present problems that are particularly adapted as subjects of consideration by the-Modern Language Association and upon the solution of which the academic investigator and the educational publisher may quite properly take counsel with each other. The entire question is also of more than timely importance not only for the advancement of pure scholarship but by reason of the fact that the unprecedented increase in our College and University enrollment and the interest mani­ fested by students in the pursuit of Modern Languages have brought the teacher face to face with the opportunity of expanding his advanced and graduate classes and, conse­ quently, with the need of supplying his courses with adequate and attractive tools of instruction. What is the actual state of affairs? Where does the scholar at present obtain serious books of this character? Where can he arrange for the publication of such books? What are the difficulties that confront the publishers? What remedies may be applied to conditions now prevailing? These questions can best be answered by means of a frank interchange of ideas. If, by the term “scholarly book” we understand, for our present purposes, the product of disciplined investigation in languages and literatures, ranging from editions of recog­ nized linguistic and literary monuments, and from compre­ hensive grammatical manuals of older dialects to the results of scholarly research in the science of General Linguistics, it must be stated at the outset that there exists no classified survey of such works as they are published annually by the American, English, German, and French book trades. Prior to the year 1911 the statistics of books issued in the United States lack all mention of the word “Philology.” Begin- * A paper read at the Philadelphia meeting of the Modem Language Association of America, December 28, 1922; see Proceedings, p. xx. ning with and subsequent to this year, “Philology” stands merely for a convenient class in which to place pell-mell all the educational publications that have even the remotest connection with languages and literatures. Thus, out of the average number of titles published in this country during the past decade, namely 10,000, the average for “Philology,” namely 250 titles, includes not only every single textbook in the field of Classical and Modern Languages, but such nondescript items as Soldiers’ Manuals for the Study of French and proposals for new universal languages. Only an inconsiderable percentage of titles can be ascribed to “Philology” in our sense, and even this number must be reduced to a minimum if we search for the works of American authors alone, and deduct those of foreign authors which are importations from England or translations from Conti­ nental countries. This, in a few words, represents the supply of available scholarly books,—perhaps not even 100 titles in Modern Languages,—to which an unquestionable American origin can be ascribed. As to their actual circulation, all figures are mere guesswork. There might be more circulation given to one old textbook in a year than to a hundred new and old scholarly titles selling in small editions. The government keeps no census of the scholarly books issued, nor even of the total book production, and publishers have good reasons for maintaining discreet silence. But, if one may judge from the curious fact that, for several years in succession, an almost identical number of works is published in such fields as Philosophy, Pedagogy, and even Philology, it is perhaps safe to assume that the idea of most scholars with respect to the outlet for scholarly books is an exaggerated one. Preface after Preface continues to state that a given work, intended primarily for academic use, is also adapted to the general reading public. But the general public, as is proven by statistics, hankers after works of Fiction, which often comprise 30% of the annual output of titles; it has of late become astonishingly interested in History, Religion, and the Social Sciences; but as for the Classics of Ancient and Modern Languages, it shows a decided preference for reading them, if at all, in translation; and, in the field of General Linguistics, it is very doubtful if one-tenth of one per cent of the public ever reads the fascinating pages of a book like Breaks Semantics, or of other even more popularly written books dealing with the historical development of the lan­ guage of daily life. With regard to the sales of sc'holarly books in the more limited academic circles which are intended to be the real beneficiaries of such publications, the average is much lower than is ordinarily imagined. The facts may be condensed in a few sentences. Count the number of institutions in this country where advanced and graduate work not only appears in the catalogs, but is actually given in the classroom. Mul­ tiply the small number by the baker’s dozen of serious stu­ dents in each of the schools. Add to the result a tenuous sprinkling of College and University libraries which make a practice of purchasing scholarly books for their reference shelves,—and you have a total of perhaps 100 copies sold annually of each of the books to the production of which the publisher has brought his courage and resources and the scholar many weary years, sometimes a lifetime, of devoted labor. Unless publishers in England and Continental Europe have, in some way, succeeded in outwitting the laws of sup­ ply and demand, we are.bound to admit that conditions there are vastly different from those in this country. Eng­ land offers, year after year, increasing facilities to the advanced student of languages and literatures. Anglo- Saxon, Old and Middle English manuals and texts; hand­ books in all the old Germanic dialects; editions of old French, Spanish, and Italian works; and primers even of Basque may be found in the catalogs of English publishers. France offers a supply of solid fundamental treatises in Experimental Phonetics and in Pure and Applied Linguis­ tics. No catalog from Germany reaches us without its abundance of books in Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft, well nigh every one of them the result of valuable research, and all of them the index of some definite demand for books of scholarly character. Yet, in the United States, publica­ tions in Linguistic Science may almost be counted on the fingers of one’s hands; grammars, handbooks and chres- tomathies in the Germanic and Romance Languages,—with such sporadic exceptions as Grandgent’s Introduction to Vulgar Latin and Provencal Phonology and Morphology,— have to be imported from abroad; no scholar has yet come forward with an American edition of the Eddie Poems or the Poema de mio Cid; and it is only this year of 1922 which saw the first edition of Dante’s Vita Nuova, issued by the same publishing house that years ago had the enterprise to place Dante’s Dinina Commedia at the disposal of Amer­ ican scholars and is now undertaking a definitive edition of the old French Chanson de Roland. If we regard the still more important field of English Philology, how shall we explain the circumstance that an American edition of the Anglo-Saxon Beowulf has had to wait until the Spring of the present year? If the foregoing remarks seem to imply either the advocacy of a nationalistic conception of scholarship or the insinuation that we have a paucity of scholars competent to produce scholarly works, let me be the first to disclaim any such implication. The former proposition would be not only undesirable but actually impossible; the latter would not correspond with facts as we observe them. If a personal note may be permitted, I like to think that Professor Spin­ garn’s recent arraignment of our Universities as institutions that “seem to have been created for the special purpose of ignoring or destroying the spirit of scholarship,” is an under­ estimation of the value of the results attained by American scholars. We have to-day no scarcity of scholarly authori­ ties in whom we may take pride. What we lack, however, are better facilities for publishing and thus directly encourag­ ing works of research. Not long ago Dean Woodbridge of Columbia University called attention to the fact that the work of American scholars in the field of History is seriously hampered because of the difficulty of securing publication. Professor Cajori of the University of California is authority for the statement than in Mathematics no new books in advanced fields have been issued in this country in recent years, although several manuscripts are awaiting publica­ tion. Apparently, the field of Modern Languages is not the only one in which the present situation is to be deplored. The question naturally arises, “What attitude is taken by the publishing world in the crisis with which scholars are confronted?” The academic public is prone to believe that the bookman’s business is one of strict cash-registry. To a certain extent this is undeniable. As someone has aptly remarked, the publisher is in business to make profits; if he is a publisher for any other purpose, he is not in business. But with this much granted, the publishers of educational books must be set far apart from the generality of the trade. Dealing as they do continually with the means of education, the cause of academic education becomes one of their chief concerns. And in view of the fact that the number of books distributed thru the American schools exceeds all the volumes circu­ lated thru the trade channels, it is proper and desirable that the leaders, at least, among the educational publishers should adopt a professional as well as a business attitude towards the progress of education. A professionally-minded publisher takes satisfaction in being of definite service to the teaching craft and realizes, besides, that specialized books which, by their very nature, are doomed to be slow sellers, sometimes strengthen his list of more marketable publications. Such books will help to set standards, and in time may create the need for educa­ tional texts that will be highly remunerative and may in turn open the way to the issuance of additional scholarly books. But, a preeminent elementary textbook in any science appears but once in a generation, and the publishers’ reserve fund is bound to become depleted beyond the point of safety, unless the academic world, which actually stands in need of specialized tools of instruction, adopts ways and means of earnest cooperation with the publishers. What are some of these means of cooperation? Walter Scott once said that publishers are the only trades­ men in the world who professedly, and by choice, deal with a pig in a poke. What was true in Scott’s day is true in a wider sense to-day when with the enormous increase in the cost of book production, the publisher can secure his margin of profit only in quantity production and large sales,—two considerations that cannot be predicated of the scholarly book. The element of uncertainty might be considerably minimized if expert judgment in regard to the desirability, if not actual need, of certain scholarly publications could be freely collected and crystallized; for, without some buying capacity to rely upon, no publisher in the world, even the most professionally minded, can really be expected to under­ take the publication of a book. Dean Woodbridge’s statement that professors find it diffi­ cult to secure the publication of important books without providing a large part of the expenses involved, is in all likelihood founded in experience and may hold true of the majority of publishers. It is open to doubt, however, whether this practice would be quite so general in its application if scholars brought with them the guarantee of the cost, not in actual currency but in a careful and unbiassed canvas of the field of demand that would encourage the publisher to believe that, from the standpoint of circulation, a given book would not be as dead as a doornail on the very day of its birth. The leaders of the Modern Language Association must have had some such idea in mind when they wisely provided a Committee of Award to select the most deserving manuscripts for the Monograph Series. When all is said, let us candidly face the fact that very few if any American publishers can compare in point of resources with the two famous English Presses which enjoy the monopoly of printing PROCEEDINGS FOR 1922 xci the revised version of the Bible and the Church of England Prayer Book, and thus can generously publish works of most minute scholarship almost regardless of financial loss. Even our highly endowed University Presses, aside from their inevitable harvests of doctoral monographs, are exercising their prerogative of selection and trying to outlive the uni­ versal jibe that their function is to publish works which no one is expected to read. Another matter of importance is the distribution of the books once they are published. Effective distribution is the preeminent problem of book-publishing. Unless the pub­ lisher’s business is adapted to the selling of scholarly works, unless a given book is, as it were, “geared” to his selling organization, no amount of goodwill will suffice to bring the book before the man in a thousand who really wants it. But, let us assume that conditions are ideal: the right manu­ script makes its appearance; the publisher accepts it; his organization is capable of distributing the output; teachers are interested in the book. At the very outset of his cam­ paign the publisher meets with an embarrassing obstacle. This obstacle consists in the fact that American College and University professors expect all educational publishing houses to send them free copies of every book they bring out. A moment’s reflection is sufficient to convince one that, on the one hand, a publishing house that handles primarily textbooks cannot afford to offend the teachers who are, after all, their only patrons; and, on the other hand, the bottom is knocked out from under a book, as a marketable proposi­ tion, if free copies are supplied to the teachers who are the only possible clients. When a publisher has prepared a series of scholarly books, like the well-known Belles-Lettres Series in English literature, at a cost of no less than $60,000, he really must be pardoned for desiring to see his labors, at least in some measure, rewarded. One is reminded at this point of the fact that half a century ago the highest type of College graduate often chose an academic career at the expense of severe sacrifices, whereas the best men to-day are reluctant to turn toward a scholarly career. There is need evidently of raising the relatively low standing of scholarship in the eyes of the undergraduates. There is also need, perhaps on the part of all of us, of con­ tinuous self-improvement if we are to escape intellectual atrophy and are to inspire a love of learning and scholarship for its own sake. But, if the teacher is to rise above the crude notion that the teaching of his subject begins and ends with the Elementary French, Spanish or German grammar and a repeated reading of the same ten or twelve literary texts, he needs to create an atmosphere that is favorable to intellectual expansion. He needs to encourage acquain­ tance with books, he needs to encourage the purchase of books by his advanced students and the library of the insti­ tution with which he is connected. He should encourage the purchase of books as a professional obligation to himself and his craft in the same way that progressive men of other professions instinctively surround themselves with the best and latest publications in their respective fields. Unless the practice of complimentary copies in the case of books of scholarly character is restricted and publishers are not left to feel that, in issuing such books, they are merely benefiting the printer, binder, and the paper manufacturer, little hope can be seen for the betterment of the present situation. Scholars will be obliged to continue awaiting the convenience of University Presses and of privately endowed societies, which lack effective means to distribute their works, whereas under favorable circumstances educational publishers would not be reluctant to publish from time to time a reasonable number of scholarly books. In England, we are told, four times the number of scholarly books are sold in proportion to the population as in the United States. In Continental Europe the ordinary publisher does not hesi­ tate to bring out, usually in unbound form, a book of pure scholarship, if it is worth bringing out, because he never gives away copies and expects, from a knowledge of his available market, to be able to sell enough copies to meet the expenses. But in the United States, under conditions prevailing to-day, one finds at most two or three educational publishers who bring out books of scholarly character, and of them it must be said that they show a high degree of courage and a sincere desire to be of service to scholars. The situation then, in this country, with respect to the scholarly book is far from being satisfactory. It falls below the degree of progress made in England and in Continental Europe. It robs serious investigation of one of its greatest incentives, namely publication. It is a credit neither to scholars nor to publishers. Yet it is not without its possi­ bilities of relief. The Modern Language Association has established its Monograph Series; other agencies, such as University Presses, contribute their quota of assistance. As regards publishing houses, most of which have thus far been more commercial than professional, an approach, at least, to the remedy might be made if scholars offered them manuscripts born of careful judgment and wise selection, and if the present attitude toward the purchase of scholarly works underwent a thorough-going change. Perhaps the Modern Language Association could go on record as favor­ ing the publication of scholarly books, and officially recom­ mend that all the teachers who are interested in such books should offer to pay for their purchase. It would help still more effectively if the Association could, in instances that are particularly worthy of such action, raise a subscription fund to defray a part of the manufacturing cost of such publications. This entire problem is one that can, evidently, be solved only by schoolmen and bookmen acting in conjunction with each other toward a common goal. If, in the course of the present discussion, from the standpoint of a bookman whose sympathies lie unreservedly on the side of research, the tendency has been to place a greater responsibility on the academic world than is usually the case, let me be permitted to hark back to the wisdom of Francis Bacon:—“I hold every man a debtor to his profession, from the which, as men of course do seek to receive countenance and profit, so ought they of duty to endeavor themselves, by way of amends, to be a help and ornament thereunto.” Alexander Green AUTHOR vs. PUBLISHER* [After reviewing briefly the greatly changed conditions in the publication of college text-books which have been brought about in the last forty years the speaker proceeded:] The point of these observations bearing on this subject is that conditions between authors or editors and publishers of literary texts have changed materially since the days when but a few pages of notes made up, together with the original text, or a portion of it, a textbook for school and college use. Yet, as regards the remuneration of the author or editor, despite these changed conditions, the conventional ten per cent royalty contract has remained in statu quo. In the way of progressive development of these modern language text books, after the notes, came vocabularies. Since the advent of this auxiliary in language training, like every other pedagogical device, it has been highly special­ ized, modernized and improved. Each book firm it may be said, has its own ideas in regard to what should be included in a vocabulary, how it should be included, and its typograph­ ical make-up. An editor, for reasons good and sufficient to the publisher, must needs conform, in good measure, to this standard. In as much as notes and vocabulary supplement each other, there is a code to be observed by the editor in furnishing notes just as in supplying a vocabulary. In either case, the task often necessitates considerable practice before eliminating many erasures. Next come introductions to the texts. In many cases these introductions are exceedingly valuable and cost their writers untold research and labor. Many of these contributions may be compared to the best we find in the most recent encyclopedias on the author or the subject of the text. Yet there are, not wanting those, particularly native teachers, who wish them all where Cle- •An abridgment of a paper read at the Philadelphia meeting of the Modem Language Association of America, December 28,1922: see Proceed­ ings, p. xxi. menceau, upon his arrival here, wished the newspaper reporters. But, as with every other commodity, these auxiliaries have their reason for existence. When that reason ceases to exists, they will disappear. At present, however, a text with notes is more in demand by the school public than the same without notes; a text with a vocabulary is a favorite compared with one without a vocabulary. Taking up on the personnel of the publishers who have more or less to do with the constituents of texts just de­ scribed, it would appear that the improvement made in the personnel of the publishers has kept pace with that of the authors or editors. Authors or editors are generally well acquainted with the personnel of the firm publishing their texts, partly because of the annual visits of the latter to the colleges, and because of mutual interests in various ways. In many instances, the publishers and their representatives belong, by their education and training, in the same class with the authors and editors. Indeed, many of them have had the advantage of service as teachers in our best institu­ tions of learning. The day of the expert drummer and canvasser equally good at selling a text-book or an incubator has gone by the board. In his place, often times, is a man who has had a college education, whose practical experience in teaching makes him thoroly familiar with the field that he is in charge of. It is a pleasure to take such a man out to lunch, for his knowledge of men and conditions in his special field often amounts to that found in “Who’s Who in Modern Languages.” As regards the text-book output of any one firm, the connoisseur at once recognizes its producer not only by the external appearance, but by the material which it contains. The hand of the book firm, or publisher, is usually quite apparent, since the style and get-up of material, as put forth by one publishing house, varies sufficiently to differentiate it from that of any other. Quite a few publishing firms on both sides of the water publish manuals entitled: “Notes for the Guidance of Authors in the Submission of Manuscript to the Publishers.” In general, these guides are intended to be helpful to authors, and to a certain extent, they facilitate the work of both author and publisher. Practically, then, an author or editor has simply to follow out the directions. Undoubtedly, there are good reasons on the part of the publishers for offering such guides to authors, inasmuch as each publisher desires a consistent uniformity in the style of the publications issued by his house. There seems to be no valid objection here from the authors, as the question of authorship is so little concerned. Where this matter may occasion friction is in the prefatory material, or introductions, to literary works. The publisher may find the introduction too long. Certain passages have to be cut out, or the entire article must be made over. Naturally an author or editor who feels that he has made a scholarly contribution objects. The publisher regards the matter from a business stand­ point. Practically, then, there is nothing to do—-each being right from his particular standpoint—but conform to the situation which the publisher controls, in order that the text may appear in due time. In connection with the subject of cooperation between scholars and publishers, it should be made clear what we understand by the term “scholar.” To those of us of the old school who received some years of education in Europe, the word “scholar” evokes such types as Tobler in Germany, Darmesteter in France, Rajna in Italy, Menendez y Pelayo in Spain. These are specialists who have consecrated their lives solely to scholarship. The members of our Association are primarily teachers, whose duty it is to combine with that of teaching the function of the administrator, and of scholarly or literary contributor. It must be at once apparent that, given our conditions, we have in mind in connection with this subject not such output as that of European scholars, but simply works that are of a scholarly character. Indeed, were it otherwise, it is questionable whether this subject could be brought up at all, for the more scholarly a work, the more difficult it is to find a publisher willing to handle it. Some of the most scholarly contributions have, there, appeared else­ where than from the well-known firms we here have in mind. In a series of text-books started by a publishing firm a dozen or more years ago, the general title of the Series read: The So-and-So Series by American Scholars.” Of late, the part of the title “by American Scholars” has been stricken out. Surely none of the authors or editors of the series would care to arrogate to themselves a title that might be mis­ leading. Using then, the word “scholar” in the American sense, it may be said that their literary, pedagogical or scholarly contributions have not been undertaken primarily for pecun­ iary reasons. Ordinarily, the American scholar does such a piece of work for any one of three reasons (1) Because he himself wants to do that kind of a piece of work. (2) Be­ cause a publishing firm asks him to do a piece of work— without which request he might never have done it. (3) Because the editor of a Series asks him to contribute to the Series, the destinies of which the editor controls. The pub­ lisher who will venture the publication of a work like the “Divine Comedy,” a German, Spanish, or French epic poem, while taking pride in the character of his venture, knows well that it is but an accessory, helpful possibly indirectly, but not financially. He naturally, therefore, takes due precautionary measures to insure himself against pecuniary loss. A contract for such a work is apt to contain a clause which reads: “After a sufficient number of copies shall have been sold to cover the outlay, ‘the publisher,’ his successors, assigns, will pay the said author or editors 10% of the gross receipts.” This is likely to mean that before any material returns are realized by the author several years must elapse; his satisfaction must be of a moral and intellectual character. As regards the text itself, the book firms prefer to copy­ right in their own names an author’s work. For instance, when submitting the manuscript of a text, an author may precede it on the reverse of the title page with “Copyright 1916, by “So-and-So” (name of the author). The book is then printed- before the copyright formalities can be com­ plied with. Then comes a letter from a publisher of which the following is a copy: Dear Sir: The contract executed between you and us on “such-and-such” a date contains the provision that the author is to deliver to the publisher such licenses, assignments and other documents as may be necessary or conven­ ient to assure them, their representatives, successors or assigns, the exclu­ sive right to print, publish, and sell said works and any revision of the same during the continuance of any such copyright or renewals. In accordance with this clause, we are now enclosing an assignment of copyright, which we ask you to be good enough to execute and return to us at your convenience. This assignment of copyright could not be executed, of course, until after the book had been published and the copyright duly secured. Very truly yours, (Signature) Enclosure X Sign here...................................................... To this the author replied, that, in his opinion, the assign­ ment of the copyright was neither “necessary” nor “conven­ ient” and, therefore, he chose to retain it. To this the publisher replied: “If we did not consider the assignment of copyright necessary and convenient, we should certainly not go to all the trouble of securing it. As a matter of fact, the publishing contract between you and us establishes your rights fully. We cannot see where there is the slightest advantage to you in retaining the copyright, or the slightest disadvantage to you in assigning it. I have every wish to avoid saying anything that may seem in the slightest degree unpleasant, but I am obliged to say that we have called upon you for a document which we have a right to ask for and which you are under obligation to give us.” It was made clear to the publisher, in answer to this communica­ tion, that the advantage of owning a copyright is like that of owning any other piece of property, a source of pride and satisfaction, which also has a material value in that it may be willed to one’s descendants, heirs or assignees. To which the publisher replied in a long communication that it is a matter of no importance to you or to us who actually owns the copyright. To this statement, the reply was made: “Then let the author own it.” It seems that two other authors raised the same point shortly after and, conse­ quently, the publisher withdrew his claim with an apology. If you wish to be the owner of the copyright of your own work, so specify in the contract. The example cited is simply one of scores of cases that may arise, and contracts abound with fine points not at once apparent upon signing them. The publishing firms have the best legal talent procurable in drawing up the contracts as well as in construing them. It is all very well to say to an author: “Read your contract carefully before signing it,—above all do not sign an agree­ ment without the advice of persons who are skilled.” The material side is constantly changing so that the ordinary constituents: (1) Cost of production, (2) Composition, (3) Stereotyping, (4) Paper, (5) Binding (6) Corrections, (7) Advertising, (8) Illustrations, (9) Extras, (10) Trade price, etc. may not easily be controlled by either publisher or author. If it be possible, an agreement between an author and publisher should be short and so simple that it cannot be misunderstood. One of the most fertile sources of trouble all along the line is “corrections.” This source of dissatisfaction has increased enormously since the war period, owing to the seemingly exaggerated cost. As with a contract, while theoretically an author should be in a position to control it, practically he rarely is. Corrections may comprise those of the author, those of the editor of the series, those of the printer, of various proof readers; they become most complicated. Practically the author has to pay from his pocketbook or from his royalty account the major part of these corrections. In revising recently an edition of a text-book, a bill was presented to the author in which for two plate corrections of as slight a nature as possible a charge of a dollar apiece was rendered. One of these corrections consisted in putting in a full stop; the other in changing the interjection “Ah” to “Ha.” The author who received the bill from a former student in charge of the accounts of the firm, seized the opportunity to remonstrate. The reply is characteristic of explanatory epistles of publishers. “Thank you for your cheque in payment of the bill for printer’s alterations in the “So-and-So” text. The charge does seem exorbitant for such trifling corrections; but, you see, we have to pay for the compositor’s time in getting out the plates from the vaults, as well as for the actual work he does. It probably took him about fifteen minutes to get the plate for page 105, and shave out the comma. At the same time, presumably, he took a chew of tobacco, and it may have taken a few minutes to get it well lubricated. Then he had to get his stick, go to the type box, select the letters and lock them up for casting. We always allow half an hour for casting. It is fussy work and cannot be hurried.” This letter from a former student seemed unsympathetic and, as such, was brought to the attention of the manager. He replied: “Thank you for allowing me to see my colleague’s letter. Against the professional host I stand foursquare between him for there may come a crucial time when we may have to publish an Apologia pro vita nostra.” To the author it seems as though this time had come. In this discussion “scholarly text-books” do not mean critical editions of works such as are brought out frequently by European scholars and occasionally by American schol­ ars. Selections from the works of Chaucer, Rabelais, Dante and Cervantes may well be scholarly text-books, and just what our students who are well out of the leading strings of the Direct Method ought to have. The time, labor, and cost to both author and publisher of producing these schol­ arly texts is usually so considerable as to reduce the material profits to a minimum, when an actual deficit by both is not incurred. Their every effort on the part of both author and publisher is needed to bring about its success. Un­ doubtedly both author and publisher are up against a hard proposition. Some years ago a book firm started in pub­ lishing some of these works of a scholarly character. It engaged an editor of the series to pass on the work of the editors of the respective texts. But as time went on the enthusiasm of the firm apparently cooled. The text-books were little advertised and the venture was unprofitable. The author of one of these texts, a rather elaborate work of over 500 pages, believing that it was quite possible for the book to make its way, brought the matter pointedly to the attention of the firm. One of the members replied that the book would never pay for itself. In fact, the interest or lack of it on the part of the financial administration in this particular case is revealed in a striking manner, by the fact that during fourteen years, but four yearly statements were rendered. Regardless of whether copies were sold or not, due accounting is recognized as a business formality between two parties to a contract. It had happened that the author himself, as well as other teachers, had been unable to secure copies of the text for class use when wanted. The reply was: “Stock low,” “Out of print.” This, of course, presupposes the sale of what has been on hand. Finally the head of the firm acknowledged that owing to the immense business in English books, the foreign field had been unduly neglected. This acknowledgment came late. The book was only saved by the author’s persistent effort from going into the discard as did unfortunately one of the series, a useful scholarly text. Finally the price of the book was raised two-thirds more than the original price which had been much too low, and it began to be advertised. Had the book been with any one of a half dozen firms with which the author had relations, and had it been accorded the same treatment as the other books, it would have long ago made its way into the colleges and have paid both publisher and author materially and pedagogically. An attempt to find out how well satisfied with his pub­ lisher was a friend and distinguished colleague in the English Department of one of our colleges, a man whose works are widely used throughout the United States, brought forth the following reply: “As an author I am not very happy in my relationship with the publishers. The contracts are all written in their favor. I chance to know (by reason of a book I took over from my first publishers) that there is no comparison between the return to the writer and that to the house on a ten per cent royalty plan. My own books, now numbering fourteen, with the ‘Such and Such a city’ pub­ lishers, are not advertised, only mentioned in lists, and for the first three weeks of their lives in the fullest of the an­ nouncements. Besides, you can’t buy one of my books in the city where they are published except at ‘So-and-So’ bookstore, and not there very often, so near the edge of nothing do they keep the stock on hand. Recently a college in the West wrote for seventeen copies of my ‘Such-and- Such-a-title-book.’ The firm wrote back: ‘We haven’t those in stock. We will make them up and ship from the bindery. But are you sure you want seventeen copies of this book?’ What do you think of that for business? They know my books will sell more than enough to pay costs without advertising, and so, waiting for the future, or until I do something to startle the world, they take the volumes as they come along and chuck them into the cold world saying: ‘Survive if you can; if you can’t, well, we didn’t put much into you anyway.’ That exactly describes the attitude of my publishers and it is far from joyful or inspiring.” An attempt to render an impartial decision results as follows. (1) It seems to us teachers, authors, or editors, that we have a right to expect the prompt publication of our works in the most suitable form. “Prompt may mean in these days a good deal of delay. It may be physically impossible for a publisher to bring a book out shortly after the accept­ ance of the manuscript. The press of business may be such that it will be delayed for months. It should be said in behalf of the publisher that he does not delay a book because he wants to, but because he cannot avoid it. If possible, the publisher is even more anxious to sell the book than the author is, for the former’s money is locked up in it. By “suitable form” is meant whatever form will sell best, with due regard to the taste of the author. For instance, it not infrequently happens that popular texts, after some years of service, need a thorough revision to meet modern aims. An Introduction, written originally for colleges, may be ill adapted to the high school needs, yet the text be equally popular in school and college. It becomes a question of compromising on the quality and quantity of the original contribution. Some editors in this respect are uncom­ promising, and consider—to use a publisher’s own words that their original contribution “is final and definitive and on a par with the gospels with respect to sacrosanctitude. It must be apparent that such an attitude is impractical. (2) The author has a right to expect his wishes in general to prevail with due regard to cost and selling qualities. These constituents the publishers may know much more about them than the author, because of the business experi­ ence of the former. The books he publishes must be the kind that will appeal to the maximum of teachers. (3) He has a right to expect a fair percentage of the cost to cover author’s charges. This is a modified assertion of the statement that he has a right to expect a fair deal in author’s corrections. (4) He has a right to expect such an amount of advertising as his book calls for in order to reach the largest body of prospective buyers. (5) He has a right to expect that his book will not be shelved in favor of a rival. The publisher is sometimes charged, it may be unfairly, with accepting a manuscript not with the idea of selling it, but to remove it as a com­ petitor of some other book already published by that house, or about to be published by them. (6) As regards the publication of a scholarly work, it may be pertinent to suggest that before the making of the con­ tract, the author find out from the educational publisher the attitude of the latter regarding scholarly works which might not seem to assure speedy returns in large sales. Is not the the author justified in asking the publisher to assume some part of the risk in putting out such works? How far can a publisher be asked to consider something besides commercial returns?—This, in view of the fact that we hear that Amer­ ican publishers are generally unwilling to undertake the publication of any book which does not promise prompt return of double the money invested or with a full guarantee of the costs from the author. It is obvious that the publisher is engaged in a business in which he invests his capital and takes all the risks. He cannot continue his business unless he receives a proper return from the investment. We cannot really find much fault with the view expressed by one of the publishers whom an author was urging “to get after” a certain territory in behalf of his grammar. The publisher replied: “Of course, our business is the selling of books. However we do not care which of our books we sell.” Although the author would like to have the publisher concentrate on his book, we cannot fairly object if another book of the house sells more readily. An agent would be more or less than human if he made a losing fight for a book destined to fail when his house had another book that the client of the moment might very likely accept. It is a common saying that it takes one good book—in the sense of a wide seller—to pay for ten indifferent sellers. Many books are never reprinted and the authors not infre­ quently blame the publishers. On the other hand, the pub­ lisher may have done everything possible to sell all his books and still remain out of pocket for a large part of the cost of manufacturing the books, printing them and trying to sell them. A book that sells only fairly well may be impossible because of a sudden rise in the price of paper, labor and so on. Moreover, changed conditions may effect materially the sale of a text-book. Recently when giving to one of the book firms an order for some thirty odd copies of a most admirable book on the Great War (a text-book of some 250 pages, con­ taining prefatory matter, more than thirty very fine engrav­ ings, notes and vocabulary, published in 1920), the reply from the publisher came back as follows: “Thank you for your letter and friendly comment on ‘So-and-So’ book on the War. I regret that what you say partakes of the nature of a postmortem eulogy; but the present conditions have made it necessary that we should trim our list of all books which were not meeting with a certain minimum sale. This book comes in that class, due largely to the fact, I imagine, that teachers seem to be inclined to forget the War and all connected with it, and books of stories about the War are not generally acceptable.” The loss in this concrete case must have been very considerable to both publisher and author. On the other hand, a publisher often carries books, not because they sell widely, but because they complete a certain list required or otherwise deemed desirable. For instance, every self-respecting text-firm must carry the “Vicar of Wakefield,” “l’Abbe Constantin,” Hoher als die Kirche, “Marianela,” largely mere repetition, but representing an immense amount of labor on the part of authors and of expense on the part of the publishers, that might be expended in a manner more worth while. The procedure in its way is analogous to that to which this Association has given some attention, the duplication of theses for the doctorate. As a rule the publisher claims to pay the author a fair sum for his work. Be that work what it may, the ten per cent royalty has become stereotyped. Sometimes a pub­ lisher adds an extra amount when a book does exceedingly well, as John Murray did when Irving’s “Sketch Book” met with so favorable a reception from the public. Nowa­ days, this is not frequent and usually, the publishers claim, impossible. Like the laws of the Medes and the Persians, whether men may come or men may go, the ten per cent royalty goes on forever. James Geddes, Jr. INCLUDING MEMBERS OF THE CENTRAL DIVISION OF THE Association Names of Life Members are printed in small capitals. Abbey, Kathryn Trimmer, Acting Head of the Department of History, Hood College, Frederick, Md. Adams, Arthur, Professor of English and Librarian, Trinity College, Hart­ ford, Conn. Adams, Edward Larrabee, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1850 Washtenaw Ave.] Adams, Eleanor N., President and Professor of English, Oxford College for Women, Oxford, O. Adams, John Chester, Assistant Professor of English and Faculty Adviser in Undergraduate Literary Activities, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. Adams, Joseph Quincy, Professor of English, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. [167 Goldwin Smith Hall] Adams, Raymond William, Instructor in English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. [Box 762] Adams, Warren Austin, Professor of German, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Adler, Frederick Henry Herbert, Professor of English, Adelbert College, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. [1403 E. 105th St.] Agar, Herbert Sebastian, Fellow in English, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [114 Broadmead] Aiken, Wellington E., Associate Professor of English, University of Ver­ mont, Burlington, Vt. [52 N. Prospect St.] Ainsworth, Oliver Morley, Assistant Professor of English, Beloit College, Beloit, Wis. Albaladejo y Martinez, Jos6 M., Assistant Professor of Spanish, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [University Club Memorial B’ld’g.] Albert, Harry, Principal, Walpole High School, Walpole, N. H. Albright, Elnora Evelyn Kelly (Mrs. F. S. Albright), Instructor in English, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont. Albright, Evelyn May, Instructor in English, University of Chicago, Chi­ cago, Hl. [1227 E. 57th St.] Alden, Earle Stanley, Associate Professor of English, Smith College, North­ ampton, Mass. Alden, Raymond Macdonald, Professor of English, Leland Stanford Jr. University, Stanford University, Cal. Alderman, William E., Professor of English Literature, Beloit College, Beloit, Wis. [718 Church St.] Aldrich, Earl A., Instructor in English, U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. [69 Shipwright St.] Alexander, John, Assistant in Romance Languages, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [704 W. Illinois St.] Alexis, Joseph E. A., Associate Professor of Modem Languages, University of Nebraska, Lincoln Neb. [1420 Garfield St.] Alford, Anne Nash, Head of Department of English, Sullins College, Bristol, Va. Allard, Louis, Professor of French, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [1130 Mass. Ave.] Allen, Beverley Sprague, Associate Professor of English, New York Uni­ versity, New York, N. Y. [University Heights] Allen, Clifford Gilmore, Professor of Romanic Languages, Leland Stanford Jr. University, Stanford University, Cal. Allen, Edward Archibald, Professor Emeritus of the English Language and Literature, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo. Allen, Hamilton Ford, Professor and Head of Department of Modem Lan­ guages, New Hampshire State College, Durham, N. H. Allen, Herbert F., Assistant Professor of English, University of California, Southern Branch, Los Angeles, Cal. [510 N. Virgil Ave.] Allen, Hope Emily, 116 Cheyne Walk, London S. W. 10, England. Allen, Louis, Assistant Professor of French, University of Toronto, Toronto Canada [325 Huron St.] Allen, Philip Schuyler, Professor of German Literature, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [Faculty Exchange] Allen, Samuel E., Assistant Professor of Rhetoric, Williams College, Wil­ liamstown, Mass. [26 Southworth St.] Allen, William H., Bookseller, 3413 Walnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. Allison, Tempe Elizabeth, Instructor in English, San Mateo Junior College, San Mateo, Cal. Almstedt, Hermann, Professor of Germanic Languages, University of Mis­ souri, Columbia, Mo. Alonso, Antonio, Instructor in Spanish, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind. [145 Andrew Place] Altrocchi, Rudolph, Associate Professor of Italian, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Amy, Ernest F., Professor of English, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, O. [35 N. Washington St.] Anderson, Mary J., Teacher of English, West Philadelphia Girls’ High School, Philadelphia, Pa. [47th and Walnut St.] Anderson, William B., Instructor in Modem Languages, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1303 Geddes Ave.] Andrews, Albert LeRoy, Instructor in German and Scandinavian, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Andrews, Clarence Edward, Assistant Professor of English, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. Anibal, Claude E., Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. [510 S. Sluss Ave.] Arbib-Costa, Alfonso, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. [500 W. 144th St.] Ariail, J. M., Professor of English, Columbia College, Columbia, S. C. Armstrong, A. Joseph, Professor and Head of the Department of English, Baylor University, Waco, Tex. [625 Dutton St.] Armstrong, Amy, Instructor in English, University of Minnesota, Minne­ apolis, Minn. [312 Folwell Hall.] Armstrong, Edward C., Professor of the French Language, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [26 Edgehill St.] Arnold, Frank Russell, Professor of Modem Languages, State Agricultural College, Logan, Utah. Arnold, Morris LeRoy, Professor of English Literature, Hamline University, St. Paul, Minn. [2628 Park Ave., Minneapolis, Minn.] Aron, Albert W.; Assistant Professor of German, Oberlin College, Oberlin, O. [148 S. Professor St.] Arvin, Neil Cole, Assistant Professor of French, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. Ashby, Stanley Royal, Assistant in English, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [1200 Massachusetts Ave.] Ashley, Edgar Louis, Professor of German, Massachusetts Agricultural Col­ lege, Amherst, Mass. [Amherst House.] Ashton, Adeline, Hiram College, Hiram, O.' Ashton, Harry, Professor of French Language and Literature, and Head of the Modem Language Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C. Atkin, Ernest G., Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Atkins, Elizabeth, Instructor in English, University of Minnesota, Minne­ apolis, Minn. [721 12th St. S. E.] Atkinson, Geoffroy, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Am­ herst College, Amherst, Mass. Atkinson, Thomas Prater, Head of the Dept. of Foreign Languages, Alabama Polytechnic Institute, Auburn, Ala. Atkinson, William Rudolph, Assistant Professor of Modern Languages, Southwestern Presbyterian University, Clarksville, Tenn. Atwood, Leland Leavitt, Instructor in Romance Languages, Cornell Uni­ versity, Ithaca, N. Y. [University Club, 3 Central Ave.] Aubin, Robert Arnold, Graduate Student in Philology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [17 Copley St., Newton, Mass.] Aumer, Mrs. Nellie Slayton, Assistant Professor of English, State Univer­ sity of Iowa, Iowa City, la. [Manville Heights] Aumer, Robert R., Instructor in English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [1920 Arlington Place.] Austin, Herbert Douglas, Professor of Italian and French, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Cal. Aydelotte, Frank, President of Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pa. Ayer, Charles Carlton, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Colorado, Boulder, Col. Ayres, Harry Morgan, Associate Professor of English, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Babbitt, Irving, Professor of French Literature, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [6 Kirkland Road] Babcock, Charlotte Farrington, Assistant Professor of English, Simmons College, Boston, Mass. [Massachusetts Chambers, 146 Massachusetts Ave.] Babcock, Cortlandt, Jr., Instructor in French, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. Babcock, Earle Brownell, Dean of the Graduate School, Professor and Head of Department of Romance Languages and Literatures, New York University, New York, N. Y. [University Heights] Babcock, Robert W., Instructor in English, University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. [122 N. Capitol St.] Bach, Matthew G., Instructor in German, Teachers’ College, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. [Livingston Hall] Bachman, Frederick William, Department of Modem Languages, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyo. Bacon, George William, Professor of Modem Languages, Germantown High School, Philadelphia Pa. [Box 7, Wyncote, Pa.] Bacon, Leonard, Assistant Professor of English, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. Bacon, Robert E., Assistant Dean of Harvard College and Assistant in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [7 Warren House] Bacon, Susan Almira, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Reed College, Portland, Ore. (on leave) [305 Winona Ave., Northfield, Minn.] de Bacourt, Pierre, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages and Litera­ tures, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Bagster-Collins, Elijah William, Associate Professor of German, Teachers’ College, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Bailey, Margery, Instructor in English, Stanford University, Cal. [Box 934] Bailiff, Laurence Deane, Assistant Professor of Modem Languages, Uni versity of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyo. [Science Hall] Baillot, Edouard Paul Professor of Romance Languages, Northwestern University, Evanston Hl. [724 Simpson St.]. Baker, Asa George, In Charge of Editorial Work G. & C. Merriam Co., Publishers of Webster’s Dictionaries, Springfield, Mass. Baker, Fannie Anna, Head of the Department of Foreign Languages, Northeastern State Teachers’ College, Talequah, Okla. [Box 27] Baker, Franklin Thomas, Professor of English, Teachers’ College, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. [525 W. 120th St.] Baker, George Pierce, Professor of Dramatic Literature, Department of English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [195 Brattle St.] Baker, Harry Torsey, Associate Professor of English, Goucher College, Baltimore, Md. [Box 231] Baker, Ray Palmer, Professor of English, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N. Y. [303 Spring Ave.] Baker, Thomas Stockham, President, Carnegie Institute of Technology, Pittsburgh, Pa. [Schenley Park] Baldensperger, Fernand, Professeur a l’Universitd de Strasbourg, France. [34 Allfie de la Robertsau, Strasbourg] Balderston, Katharine Canby, Graduate Student in English, Yale Uni­ versity, New Haven, Conn. [32 Lake Place] Baldwin, Charles Sears, Professor of Rhetoric, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Baldwin, Edward Chauncey, Associate Professor of English Literature, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [802 S. Lincoln Ave.] Baldwin, Thomas Whitfield, Assistant Professor of English, Goucher College, Baltimore, Md. [219 E. Lafayette St.] Ball, Margaret, Professor of English, Mount Holyoke College, So. Hadley, Mass. Ballard. Anna Woods, Assistant Professor of French, Teachers’ College, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. [120 W. 103d St.] Bancroft, William Wallace, Graduate Student in English University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [3653 N. 15th St.] Banks, Theodore Howard, Jr., Instructor in English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [1472 Yale Station] Barba, Preston Albert, Professor of German, Muhlenberg College, Allen­ town, Pa. Barbe, Waitman, Professor of English, West Virginia University, Morgan­ town, W. Va. Bargy, Henry, Professor of French, Hunter College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Barker, James L., Professor of French and Phonetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Barlow, Joseph W., Assistant Professor of Spanish, New York University, New York, N. Y. [213 Park Place, Orange, N. J.] Barlow, William M., Head of the Dept. of Modem Languages, Curtis High School, New Brighton, Staten Island, N. Y. Barney, Winfield Supply, Professor and Head of the Department of Romance Languages, North Carolina College for Women, Greensboro, N. C. [310 Forest Ave.] Bamicle, Mary Elizabeth, Knole Hall, Knyveton Road, Bournemouth, Hants., England. Bamouw, Adriaan Jacob, Queen Wilhelmina Professor, Department of Germanic Languages, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. [39 Claremont Ave.] Barrow, Sarah Field, Assistant Professor of English, College for Women, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. Barrows, Sarah T., Assistant Professor of Phonetics, Dept. of Speech, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. Bartlett, Mrs. David Lewis, Baltimore, Md. [16 W. Monument St.] Barto, Philip Stephan, Associate Professor of German, Carnegie Institute of Technology, Pittsburgh, Pa. [5539 Beeler St.] Barton, Francis Brown, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Uni­ versity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. Bascom, Lelia, Assistant Professor of English, Extension Division, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [419 Sterling Place] Baskervill, Charles Read, Professor of English, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. (on leave) Bashe, Edwin J., Instructor in English, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. [422 Iowa Ave.] Bass, Clare Reynolds, Professor of Romance Languages and Literatures, Western College, Oxford, 0. Bassett, Lee Emerson, Professor of English, Stanford University, Cal. Batchelder, Josephine H., Associate Professor of English, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass. [11 Leighton Rd.] Bates, Madison Clair, Principal, Burr and Burton Seminary, Manches­ ter, Vt. Batt, Max, Professor of Modem Languages, John Marshall High School, Chicago, Ill. [3250 W. Adams St.] Battin, Benjamin F., Professor of German, Swarthmore College, Swarth­ more, Pa. Battista, Joseph Lloyd, Instructor in Spanish and Italian Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. Baudin, Maurice C., Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Miami University, Oxford, O. Baugh, Albert Croll, Assistant Professor of English, University of Pennsyl­ vania, Philadelphia, Pa. [Box 1, College Hall] Baum, Pauli Franklin, Professor of English, Trinity College, Durham, N. C. [Franklin Court] Baumgartner, Milton D., Professor of Germanic Languages, Butler Col­ lege, Indianapolis, Ind. Baur, Grace van Sweringen, Professor of Germanic Languages, University of Colorado, Boulder, Col. [1509 Cascade Ave.] Baur, William F., Assistant Professor of Germanic Languages, University of Colorado, Boulder, Col. [1509 Cascade Ave.] Baxter, Arthur H., Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Amherst College, Amherst, Mass. Baym, Max, Assistant in English Literature, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [603 Fountain St.] Beach, Joseph Warren, Associate Professor of English, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [1801 University Ave., S. EJ Beale, Robert Cecil, Professor of English, Southwestern Presbyterian Uni­ versity, Clarksville, Tenn. Beam, Elizabeth Beatrice, Instructor in Spanish, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. [2103^ S. Dubuque St.] Beam, Jacob N., Princeton, N. J. Bean, Cecil C., Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [35 Langdon St.] Bean, Helen Alice, Teacher of English, South High School, Minneapolis, Minn. Beardsley, Wilfrid Attwood Professor and Chairman of the Dept. of Romance Languages, Goucher College, Baltimore, Md. Beatty, Arthur, Assistant Professor of English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [1824 Vilas St.] Beatty, Joseph Moorhead, Jr., Assistant Professor of English, Goucher College, Baltimore, Md. Beaty, John Owen, Professor of English, Southern Methodist University Dallas, Tex. de Beaumont, Victor, Associate Professor of the French Language and Literature, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. [73 Queen’s Park] Beck, Jean Baptiste, Professor of Romance Languages and Literature, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [125 Radnor St., Bryn Mawr, Pa.] Becker, Ernest Julius, Principal, Western High School, Baltimore, Md. Beckman, Frederick E., Associate in French and Spanish, University of California, Southern Branch, Los Angeles, Cal. [562 N. Kenmore Ave ] Beckwith, Martha Warren, Research Professor on the Folk-lore Foundation, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bedford, Frances Elizabeth, Professor of French and Spanish, Indiana State Normal School, Muncie, Ind. Beeson, Charles Henry, Professor of Latin, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [1009 East 60th St.] Bek, William Godfrey, Professor of German, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, N. D. [Box 66, University Station] Belden, Henry Marvin, Professor of English, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo. [811 Virginia Ave.] Belden, Mary Megie, Associate Professor of English Literature, Elmira Col­ lege, Elmira, N. Y. Belknap, Arthur Train, Dean and Professor of English, State Normal School, Mansfield Pa. Bell, Clair Hadyn, Instructor in German, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [1427 Bonita Ave.] Bell, William Gordon, Professor of Romance Languages, Occidental College, Los Angeles, Calif. Bender, Harold H., Professor of Indo-Germanic Philology, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. Benedict, George Wyllys, Associate Professor of English, Brown University, Providence, R. I. Benham, Allen Rogers, Professor of English, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. [1204 E. 75th St.] Benson, Adolph Burnett, Assistant Professor of German and Scandinavian, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [548 Orange St.] Berdan, John Milton, Assistant Professor of English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [1914 Yale Station] Bergeron, Maxime L., Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, College of the City of New York. New York, N. Y. Berge-Soler, Edward, Head of the Department of Modern Languages, High School of Commerce, Boston, Mass. [20 Hillside Road, Newton High­ lands.] Berkowitz, Hyman Chonon, Instructor in Romance Languages and Litera­ ture, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. [105 College Ave.] Bernbaum, Ernest, c/o Messrs. Baring Brothers & Co., 8, Bishopsgate, London, E. C., England. de B£thune, Baron Francois, Louvain, Belgium. [34 rue de Beroit] Betz, Gottlieb Augustus, Instructor in Germanic Languages and Literatures, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Beziat, Andre, Professor of Spanish Literature and Chairman of Depart­ ment. of Romance Languages, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn. Bidal, H61ene, Assistant Professor of French, Carleton College, Northfield, Minn. Bigelow, Eleanor, Radcliffe College, Cambridge, Mass. [4 Park Ave.] Bila, Constantine (Rev.), Professor of Latin and French, University of Dubuque, Dubuque, Iowa. Billetdoux, Edmond Wood, Professor of the Spanish Language and Litera­ ture, Rutgers College and the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, N. J. [Rutgers Alumni House.] Bird, James P., Professor of Romance Languages, Carleton College, North- field, Minn. Bishop, David Horace, Professor of the English Language and Literature, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Miss. [University, Miss.] Bissell, Benjamin H., Instructor in English, Rice Institute, Houston, Tex. Bissell, Kenneth M., Professor of French, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Cal. [7357 Franklin Ave.] Bisson, Laurence Adolphus, Lecturer in French, Trinity College, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Black, Frank Gees, Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [36 Gorham Street] Black, Matthew Wilson, Instructor in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [College Hall] Blackwell, Robert Emory, President and Professor of English, Randolph- Macon College, Ashland, Va. Blake, George Horace, Instructor in Modern Languages, New Hampshire State College, Durham, N. H. Blake, Harriet Manning, Head of the Department of English, The Baldwin School, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Blanchard, Frederic Thomas, Associate Professor of English, University of California, Southern Branch, Los Angeles, Cal. [1318 Maltman Ave.] Blanchard, Harold Hooper, Instructor in English, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [12 Princeton Ave.] Blankenagel, John Charles, Professor of German, Ohio Wesleyan Uni­ versity, Delaware, O. Blankner, Fredericka Verne, Graduate Student in Romance Languages and Literatures, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [6025 Kimbark Ave.] Blickensderfer, Joseph P., Instructor in English, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. Block, Marthe, Graduate Student in Romance Languages, University of Chicago, [5650 S. Park Ave.] Blondheim, David Simon, Associate Professor of French, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. Bloomfield, Leonard, Professor of German and Linguistics, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. Blount, Alma, Associate Professor of English Michigan State Normal College, Ypsilanti, Mich. [16 N. Summit St.] de Boer, Josephine M., Graduate Student in Romance Languages, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. Boesche, Albert Wilhelm, Professor of German, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Boillot, Sister Mary Paschal, Dominican College, San Rafael, Calif. Bolles, Edwin Courtlandt, Instructor in English, University of Pennsyl­ vania, Philadelphia, Pa. [2210 Locust St.] Bolton, Joseph Sheldon Gerry, Assistant Professor of English, Syracuse University. [930 Lancaster Ave.] Bolwell, Robert W., Assistant Professor of English, George Washington Uni­ versity, Washington, D. C. Bond, Otto Ferdinand, Assistant Professor of French, Junior College, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Bond, Richmond Pugh, Instructor in English, Hollins College, Hollins, Va. Bonner, Arthur, Head of Department of English, College of the Pacific, San Jose, Cal. Bonner, Miriam Young, Instructor in English, North Carolina College for Women, Greensboro, N. C. Booker, John Manning. Professor of English, University of North Carolina, Chapel HUI, N. C. Boot, EsteUe May, Associate in English, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. [Manville Heights] Borgerhoff, J. L., Professor of Romance Languages, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. [2071 East 83rd St.] Borgman, Albert Stephens, Assistant Professor of English, New York University, University Heights, New York, N. Y. Borthwick, Margaret G., Professor of the German Language and Literature, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Cal. Bosano, Gabriella, Instructor in Italian, Vassar CoUege, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bothne, Gisle C. J., Head Professor of Scandinavian Languages and Litera­ tures, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. Bourdette, Jean-Eloy-Hubert, Professor of Romance Languages, Lake Erie CoUege, PainesvUle 0. [175 Nebraska St.] Bourdin, Henri L., Assistant Professor of French, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. [514 E. Fourth St.] Bourgoin, Louise, Instructor in French, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. [54 West St.] Bourland, Benjamin Parsons, Professor of Romance Languages, Adelbert College of Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. [11500 Euclid Ave.] Bouton, Archibald Lewis, Professor of English, Dean of the College of Arts and Pure Science, New York University, University Heights, New York, N. Y. Bov6e, Arthur Gibbon, Head of Romance Dept., Laboratory Schools, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [Faculty Exchange] Bowen, Abba Willard, Assistant Professor of French, Smith College, North­ ampton, Mass. [S3 Crescent St.] Bowen, Edwin Winfield, Professor of Latin, Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, Va. Bowen, Ray Preston, Professor of Romanic Languages, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N. Y. [210 Walnut Place.] Bowman, James Cloyd, Professor and Head of Dept. of English, Northern State Normal, Marquette, Mich. Boyer, Clarence Valentine, Instructor in English, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [705 W. Green St.] Boynton, Percy Holmes, Professor of English, Amherst College, Amherst, Mass. Boysen, Johannes Lassen, Adjunct Professor of Germanic Languages, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. [710 W. 35th St.] Bradford, Eugene Francis, Associate Professor of English, Syracuse Univer­ sity, Syracuse, N. Y. Bradley, Edward Sculley, Instructor in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Bradley, Jesse Franklin, Assistant Professor of English, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky. [119 W. Broadway] Bradner, Leicester, Graduate Student in English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [1425 Yale Station] Bradshaw S. Ernest, Professor of Modem Languages, Furman University, Greenville, S. C. Branch, Leonora, Instructor in English, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass. [Park Street Apartments] Brandon, Edgar Ewing, Vice-President and Dean, Professor of Romance Languages, Miami University, Oxford, 0. Brashear, M. M., Instructor in English, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo. [60S S. 4th St.] Braun, William Alfred, Associate Professor of Germanic Languages and Literatures, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Brede, Alexander, Professor of English and Head of Department of English, University of Nanking, Nanking, China. Brede, Charles F., Professor of French and Spanish, Northeast High School, Philadelphia, Pa. [176 Manheim, Germantown] Bredvold, Louis I., Assistant Professor of English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. 1621 Forest Ave.] Brenes-Mes6n, Roberto, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Syra­ cuse University, Syracuse, N. Y. [908 Madison St.] Brennecke, Henry, Instructor in German, New York University, New York, N. Y. [University Heights] Brett, Cyril, Professor of the English Language and Literature, University College, Cardiff, South Wales. Bretz, Harry, Professor of French, Orsinus College, Collegeville, Pa. Brewer, Edward Vere, Instructor in German, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. Brewer, John Wilmon, Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [5 Craigie Circle.] Brewer, Theodore Hampton, Professor and Head of the Department of English, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla. Brewster, Dorothy, Lecturer in English, Extension Teaching, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. [618 W. 114th St.] Brewster, William Tenney, Professor of English and Provost of Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Briggs, Fletcher, c. o. The Temple Tours, 350 Madison Ave., New York, N. Y. Briggs, William Dinsmore, Associate Professor of English, Leland Stanford Jr. University, Stanford University, Cal. [249 Lowell Ave., Palo Alto] Bright, James Wilson, Professor of English Philology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. Brinsmade, Chapin, Instructor in French, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. Briois, Louis F. D., Associate in French, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. Briquet Pierre-Edouard, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Van­ derbilt University, Nashville, Tenn. Bristol, Edward N., Henry Holt & Co., 19 W. 44th St., New York, N. Y. Britton, H. Hudson, Instructor in Modern Languages, University of Mich­ igan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1316 Volland St.] Brodeur, Arthur Gilchrist, Assistant Professor of English, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [125 Shasta St.] Bronk, Isabelle, Professor of the French Language and Literature, Swarth­ more College, Swarthmore, Pa. Bronson, Thomas Bertrand, Assistant Head Master and Head of the Modern Language Department, Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, N. J. Bronson, Walter C., Professor of English Literature, Brown University, Providence, R. I. Brooke, C. F. Tucker, Professor of English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [1515 Yale Station] Brooks, George Edward, Instructor in English, Lake Forest College, Lake Forest, Hl. Brooks, Martin Kahao, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. [Box 855] Brooks, Neil Conwell, Assistant Professor of German, University of Illinois, Urbana, Hl. Broughton, Leslie Nathan, Assistant Professor of English, Cornell Univer­ sity, Ithaca, N. Y. [931 N. Tioga St.] Brovedani, J. H., Professor of Spanish and Italian, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont. Brown, Arthur C. L., Professor of English, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. [625 Colfax St.] Brown, Beatrice Daw (Mrs. Carleton Brown), 227 Roberts Road, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Brown, Calvin S., Professor of Modem Languages, University of Mississippi, University, Miss. Brown, Carleton, Professor of English, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa. [227 Roberts Road] Brown, Charles Barrett, Instructor in Spanish, Washington University, St. Louis Mo. [4913 Page Ave.] Brown, Frank Clyde, Professor of English, Trinity College, Durham, N. C. Brown, George Henry, Professor of Romance Languages, Polytechnic In­ stitute, Worcester, Mass. Brown, Harold Gibson, Instructor in English, U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. [217 Hanover St.] Brown, Joseph Epes, Fellow in English, Graduate School, Princeton Univer­ sity, Princeton, N. J. [30 Battle Road] Brown, Kent James, Professor of German, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Brown, Rollo Walter, Professor of Rhetoric and Composition, Carleton College, Northfield, Minn. [709 E. 4th St.] Brown, William Robertson, Teacher of English, Western State Normal, Kalamazoo, Mich. [518 Minor Ave.] Brownfield, Lillian Beeson, Professor of English Rhetoric and Composition, De Pauw University, Greencastle, Ind. [410 E. Walnut St.] Bruce, Harold Lawton, Associate Professor of English, University of Califor­ nia, Berkeley, Cal. [2422 Hilgard Ave.] Bruerton. Courtney, Assistant Professor of Modem Languages, Tufts College, Tufts College, Mass. Bruner, James Dowden, Professor of Romance Languages, Carson and Newman College, Jefferson City, Tenn. Brunetti, Menslor Thomas, Instructor in Romance Languages, West Vir­ ginia University, Morgantown, W. Va. [491 Front St.] Bruns, Friedrich, Assistant Professor of German, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [2330 Rowley Ave.] Brush, Henry Raymond, Professor of Romance Languages, University of California, Southern Branch, Los Angeles, Cal. Brush, Murray Peabody, Director Tome School, Port Deposit, Md. Bryan, William Frank, Professor of English, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. [1907 Orrington St.] Bryson, Frederick Robertson, Associate Professor of French, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn. Buchanan, Milton Alexander, Professor of Italian and Spanish, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Buck, Howard Swazey, Instructor in English, Yale College, New Haven, Conn. [242 York St.] Buck, Philo Melvin, Jr., Professor of English, Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. [1825 Pepper Ave.] Buckingham, Mary H., Boston, Mass. [96 Chestnut St.] Buell, Llewellyn Morgan, Assistant Professor of English, University of California, Southern Branch, Los Angeles, Cal. Buell, Walter Hull, Master in German, The Hotchkiss School, Lakeville, Conn. Bufeum, Douglas Labafee, Professor of Romance Languages, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [60 Hodge Road] Bulger, Charles, Professor of Modem Languages, Municipal University of Akron, Akron, O. Bullock, Hazel Jane, Associate Professor of Modem Languages, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa. Bullock, Walter L., Associate in Italian, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Burgert, Rev. Edward, O. S. B., Professor of English, Subiaco College, Subi­ aco, Ark. Burgevin, Leslie G., Assistant Professor of English Literature, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass. Burgum, Edwin Berry, Instructor in English, University of Illinois, Urbana, Hl. [907 W. Oregon St.] Burkhard, Arthur, Instructor in German, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [1 Apley Court] Burkhard, Oscar Carl, Associate Professor of German, University of Minne­ sota, Minneapolis, Minn. [719 East River Road.] Burner, Willis Judson, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Univer­ sity of Missouri, Columbia, Mo. [515 South 5th St.] Burnett, Arthur W., c. o. Henry Holt & Co., 19 W. 44th St., New York City. Burnham, Josephine May, Associate Professor of English, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas [1652 Mississippi St.] Bursley, Philip E., Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. Busch, Ella Adeline, Teacher of Spanish, George Washington High School, New York, N. Y. [35 Claremont Ave.] Bush, J. N. Douglas, Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [Morrisburg, Ont., Can.] Bush, Stephen Hayes, Professor and Head of Department of Romance Languages, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. Bushee, Alice Huntington, Associate Professor of Spanish, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass. Busse, Adolf, Professor of German and Director of Extension and Evening Sessions, Hunter College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Bussom, Thomas Wainwright, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn. [330 Washington St.] Butler, Pierce, Dean and Professor of English, Newcomb College, New Orleans, La. Butterworth, Joseph, Dept. of English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Buzzell, Marion S., Instructor in English, University of Maine, Orono, Me. Cabeen, Charles William, Professor of Romance Languages and Literatures, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N. Y. [807 Comstock Ave.] Cady, Frank William, Professor of English, Middlebury College, Middle­ bury, Vt. [47 South St.] Cairns, William B., Associate Professor of American Literature, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [2010 Madison St.] Callaway, Morgan, Jr., Professor of English, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. [1206 Guadalupe St.] Camera, Americo Ulysses Nicholas, Assistant Professor of Romance Lan­ guages, College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. [575 Dahill Road, Brooklyn] Cameron, Margaret M., Instructor in French Language and Literature, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. [36 Bedford St.] Camp, Charles Wellner, Instructor in English, West Virginia University, Morgantown, W. Va. [14 Union St.] Campbell, James Andrew, Professor of German, Knox College, Galesburg, Hl. Campbell, Killis, Professor of English, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. [2301 Rio Grande St.] Campbell, Lily B., Instructor in English, University of California, Southern Branch, Los Angeles, Calif. [757 Heliotrope Drive] Campbell, Oscar James, Professor of English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1705 Washtenaw Ave.] Campbell, Robert James, Instructor in English, State College of Washing­ ton, Pullman, Wash. [1712 A St.] Campbell, Thomas Moody, Professor of German, Wesleyan University Middletown, Conn. Canby, Henry Seidel, Assistant Professor of English, Sheffield Scientific School, New Haven, Conn, (on leave). [47 Charlton St., New York, N. Y.] Canfield, Arthur Graves, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [909 E. University Ave.J Cannon, Lee Edwin, Professor and Chairman of the Department of Modem Languages, Hiram College, Hiram, O. Capers, Ruth S., Graduate Student in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. [3333 Woodland Ave.] Carhart, Paul Worthington, Assistant Editor, G. and C. Merriam Co., Myrick Building, Springfield, Mass. Carmer, Carl Lamson, Associate Professor of English, University of Ala­ bama, Tuscaloosa, Ala. Carnahan, David Hobart, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Illinois, Urbana, HI. Carpenter, Fred Donald, Professor of the German Language and Literature University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. [28 Kingsland Terrace] Carpenter, Frederic Ives, Chicago, Ill. [5533 Woodlawn Ave.] Carpenter, James McFadden, Jr., Assistant Professor of Romance Lan­ guages, Haverford College, Haverford, Pa. Carpenter, Jennette, Professor of the English Language and Literature, Iowa State Teachers’ College, Cedar Falls, la. [412 W. 8th St.] Carr, Muriel Bothwell, Instructor in English, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [Folwell Hall] Carruth, William Herbert, Professor of Comparative Literature, Head of the Department of English, Stanford University. [Mayfield, Cal.] Carse, Elizabeth, Principal Northrop Collegiate School, Minneapolis, Minn. [Kenwood Parkway] Carson, Lucy Hamilton, Professor of English, Montana State Normal Col­ lege, Dillon, Mont. Carter, Henry Holland, Professor of English and Head of English Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. [701 Atwater Ave.] Carter, Minnie Luella, Professor of Modern Languages, Doane College, Crete, Nebraska. [929 Boswell Ave.] Case, Arthur Ellicott, Instructor in English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [918 Yale Station.] Casis, Lilia Mary, Professor of Romance Languages (Spanish), University of Texas, Austin, Tex. Caskey, John Homer, Assistant Professor of English, Baylor University, Waco, Tex. [1028 S. 5th St.] Castillo, Carlos, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [Box 42, Faculty Exchange] Cate, Florence M., Professor of French, Southwestern College, Winfield, Kan. [1415 E. 10th Ave.] Caughey, Mary Lapsley, Fellow in Old French, C. R. B. Educational Foundation, University of Brussels, Belgium. [41 Blvd. Bischoffsheim] Cavicchia, Gaetano, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Brown University, Providence, R. I. [180 Congdon Street] Cawley, Frank Stanton, Instructor in German, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. Cawley, Robert Ralston, Instructor in English, Princeton University Princeton, N. J. Cerf, Barry, Professor of Comparative Literature, Reed College, Portland, Ore. [1351 East 32nd St.] Chamberlin, Willis Arden, Professor of Modern Languages, Denison Univer­ sity, Granville, O. Champion, Edouard, Membere de la Societe des Gens de Lettres, Paris France [5 Quai Malaquais] Chandler, Charles Lyon, Curator of South American History and Litera­ ture, Widener Library, Harvard University. [1009 Pine St., Philadel­ phia, Pa.] Chandler, Frank Wadleigh, Professor of English and Comparative Liter­ ature, Dean of the College of Liberal Arts, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, O. [323 Warren Ave., Clifton, Cincinnati] Chandler, Zilpha, Instructor in English, Coe College, East Cedar Rapids, Iowa. [1207 Fifth Ave.] Chapin, George Scott, Assistant, Superintendent, Ohio State School for the Blind, Columbus, O. Chapman, Percy Addison, Assistant Professor of Modem Languages, Prince­ ton University, Princeton, N. J. [293 Nassau St.] Chapman, S. Hudson, Jr., Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [College Hall.] Charles, Arthur M., Professor of German, Earlham College, Richmond, Ind. Chappell, Louis Watson, Instructor in English, West Virginia University, Morgantown, W. Va. [81 Beverley Ave.] Chase, Gertrude, Assistant Professor of English, Wells College, Aurora, N. ¥. Chase, Lewis, Professor of English, Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College, Aligarh, India. Chase, Stanley P., Associate Professor of English, Union College, Schenec­ tady, N. Y. [18 Union Ave.] Chatfield-Taylor, Hobart C., Santa Barbara, Cal. [Far Afield, Montecito^] Cheever, Louisa Sewall, Associate Professor of the English Language and Literature, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. [34 Kensington Ave.] Chenery, Winthrop Holt, Chief, Department of Special Libraries, Public Library, Boston, Mass. Chenot, Anna Adele, Assistant Professor of French, Smith College, North­ ampton, Mass. [65 New South St.] Cherington, Frank Barnes, Teacher of English, High School of Commerce, New York, N. Y. [155 W. 65th St.] Chew, Samuel Claggett, Professor of English Literature, Bryn Mawr Col­ lege, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Cheydleur, Frederic D., Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Univer­ sity of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [2109 Rowley Ave.] Child, Clarence Griffin, Professor of English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [Merion, Pa.] Childs, Francis Lane, Professor of English, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Chinard, Gilbert, Professor of French, Johns Hopkins University, Balti­ more, Md. Christ, Harold James, Instructor in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [College Hall] Christian, Eleanor Ayres, (Mrs. F. L. Christian), Fort H. T. Wright, New York. Church, Henry Ward, Professor of Romance Languages, Allegheny College Meadville, Pa. [296 Loomis St.] Church, Howard Wadsworth, Head of Department of German, Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass. (Box 173] Churchill, George Bosworth, Professor of English Literature, Amherst College, Amherst, Mass. Churchman, Philip Hudson, Professor of Romance Languages, Clark Uni­ versity, Worcester, Mass. [20 Institute Road] Cisler, Lilian E., Graduate Student in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [424 S. 40th St.] Clancy, George Carpenter, Professor of English, Beloit College, Beloit, Wis. [1221 Eaton Ave.] Clark, Amelia Elizabeth, Assistant Professor of French, Elmira College, Elmira, N. Y. Clark, David Lee, Instructor in English, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. Clark, Eugene Francis, Professor of German and Secretary of Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Clark, Evert Mordecai, Adjunct Professor of English, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. [University Station] Clark, Jane Perry, c/o Mrs. Abernathy, Gulph Road, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Clark, John Owen, Instructor in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [College Hall] Clark, Mary, F., Instructor in French, Brockton High School, 4 Woodside Ave., Brockton, Mass. Clark, Thatcher, Romance Language Department, Columbia University, New York City. [Fumald Hall] Clark, Thomas Arkle, Professor of Rhetoric and Dean of Men, University of Illinois, Urbana, Hl. [152 Administration Building] Clarke, Charles Cameron, Professor of French, Sheffield Scientific School, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [254 Bradley St.] Clawson, William Hall, Assistant Professor of English, University College, Toronto, Canada. Cleveland, Eunice J., Teacher of English, Evanston Township High School, Evanston, Ill. [205 Hamilton St.] Click, L. L., Instructor in English, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. Cloppet, Jean B., Instructor in French, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1010 Forest Ave.] Closson, Earle Russell, Instructor in Modern Languages, Worcester Poly­ technic Institute, Worcester, Mass. Clubb, Merrel Dare, Graduate Student in English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [177 Beacon Ave.] Cobb, Charles Wiggins, Associate Professor of Mathematics, Amherst College, Amherst, Mass. Coester, Alfred, Assistant Professor of Spanish, Stanford University, Calif. Coffin, Robert P. T., Assistant Professor of English, Wells College, Aurora- on-Cayuga, N. Y. [Wavebank] Coffman, Bertha Reed, Instructor in Comparative Literature, The Univer­ sity of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [Faculty Exchange] Coffman, George Raleigh, Professor of English, [26 Oxford Street, Cam­ bridge, Mass.] Cohn, Adolphe, Emeritus Professor of the Romance Languages and Litera­ tures, Columbia University. [14 Place Venddme, Paris, France] Colburn, Guy Blandin, Professor of Modern Languages, State Teachers College, Fresno, Calif. Colby, Carl Converse, Instructor in Romance Languages, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Me. Colby, Elbridge, Captain of Infantry, U. S. Army, 229 State, War and Navy Building, Washington, D. C. Coleman, Algernon, Professor of French, University of Chicago, Chicago, Hl. [5712 Dorchester Ave.] Collier, Elizabeth Brownell, Assistant Professor of English, Hunter College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. [282 De Kalb Ave., Brook­ lyn] Collins, George Stuart, Professor of Modem Languages, Polytechnic Insti­ tute, Brooklyn, N. Y. Collins, Julie Loba, Head of Department of Romance Languages, Northern Normal and Industrial School, Aberdeen, S. D. [1215 N. First St.] Collins, Vamum Lansing, Professor of the French Language and Literature, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. Collitz, Hermann, Professor of Germanic Philology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. Colville, William T., Carbondale, Pa. Colwell, William Arnold, Professor of the German Language and Litera­ ture, Adelphi College, Brooklyn, N. Y. Comfort, William Wistar, President of Haverford College, Haverford, Pa. Compton, Alfred D., Associate Professor of English, College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. [Convent Ave. and 139th St.] Conant, Martha Pike, Associate Professor of English Literature, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass. Confrey, Burton, Assistant Professor of English, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind. Conklin, Clara, Professor of Modern Languages, and Chairman of the Department, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. Conklin, Henry Ernest, Instructor in English, The Rice Institute, Houston, Tex. Conley, Carey Herbert, Professor of Rhetoric, Wesleyan University, Mid­ dletown, Conn. [32 Wyllys St.] Connely, Willard, Assistant in English and Comparative Literature, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [7 Craigie Circle] Conrow, Georgianna, Assistant Professor of French, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. (on leave). Cons, Louis, Assistant Professor of French, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [84 Alexander St.] Constans, Antony, Assistant Professor of French, Smith CoUege, North­ ampton, Mass. Coogan, Margaret, Instructor in English, Highland Manor, Tarrytown, N. Y. Cook, Albert Stanburrough, Professor Emeritus of the English Language and Literature, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [219 Bishop St.] Cook, Elizabeth Christine, Assistant Professor of English, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York City. [501 W. 120th St.] Cook, Leroy James, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Cooke, John Daniel, Associate Professor of English, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Cal. Cool, Charles Dean, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [1921 Keyes Ave.] Cooper, Clyde Barnes, Professor and Head of Department of English, Armour Institute of Technology, Chicago, Ill. Cooper, Lane, Professor of the English Language and Literature, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Cooper, William Alpha, Professor of German, Leland Stanford Jr. Univer­ sity, Stanford University, Cal. Corbiere, Anthony S., Instructor in Romance Languages, Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pa. [11 No. 11th St.] Corbin, Alberta Linton, Professor of German and Student Adviser, Univer­ sity of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. [1108 Ohio Street] Corbin, William Lee, Professor of English Literature, Boston University, Boston, Mass. [27 Garrison St.] Corley, Ames Haven, Assistant Professor of Spanish, Yale College, New Haven, Conn. [1822 Yale Station] Cornelius, Roberta Douglas, Adjunct Professor of English, Randolph-Macon Woman’s College, Lynchburg, Va. Cornish (Mrs.) Beatrice Quijada, Associate in Spanish, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [1406 Hawthorne Terrace] Cornwell, Irene, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Wis­ consin, Madison, Wis. Cornelson, Charles Arthur, Professor and Head of the Department of English, State College of Washington, Pullman, Wash. Corwin, Robert Nelson, Professor of German, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [247 St. Ronan St.] Coues, Robert Wheaton, Instructor in English, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [6 Mason St.] Cousins, Clarence Edwin, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. [Box 82] Coutinho, J. de Siqueira, Professor of Portuguese, George Washington University, Washington, D. C. [8 Evarts St., N. E.] Covington, Frank Frederick, Jr., Instructor in English, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. [2621 University Ave.] Cowdery, Kirke Lionel, Associate Professor of French, Oberlin College, Oberlin, O. [184 Woodland Ave.] Cowper, Frederick Augustus Grant, Professor of Romance Languages, Trinity College, Durham, N. C. [603 Watts St.] Cox, Catherine Morris, Instructor in German, Stanford University, Calif. Cox, John Harrington, Professor of English Philology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, W. Va. [34 University Driveway] Craig, Hardin, Professor and Head of the Department of English, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. Crandall, Regina K., Professor of English Composition, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa. [Low Buildings] Crane, Clara Whitney, Instructor in English, Elmira College, Elmira, N. Y. Crane, Ronald Salmon, Associate Professor of English, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. [1823 Wesley Ave.] Craver, Arthur William, Associate Professor of English, Miami University, Oxford, 0. Crawford, Bartholow Vincent, Assistant Professor of English, State Univer­ sity of Iowa, Iowa City, la. [415 E. Roland St.] Crawford, Douglas Gordon, Associate Professor of English, Boston Univer­ sity, Boston, Mass. [36 Morton St., Andover, Mass.] Crawford, James Pyle Wickersham, Professor of Romanic Languages and Literatures, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Crawshaw, William Henry, Dean and Professor of General Literature, Colgate University, Hamilton, N. Y. Creek, Herbert Le Sourd, Professor of English, Purdue University, Lafay­ ette, Ind. Croissant, De Witt C., Professor of English, George Washington University, Washington, D. C. Croll, Morris William, Professor of English Literature, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. Crooks, Esther Josephine, Instructor in Romance Languages, Goucher College, Baltimore, Md. Cross, Tom Peete, Associate Professor of English and Comparative Litera­ ture, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [5729 Blackstone Ave.] Cross, Wilbur Lucius, Professor of English, Dean of the Graduate School, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [24 Edgehill Road] Crowell, Asa Clinton, Associate Professor of Germanic Languages and Literatures, Brown University, Providence, R. I. [66 Oriole Ave.] Crowell, Robert Warner. Assistant Professor of German and French, Union College, Schenectady, N. Y. [408 Rugby Rd.] Crowell, Winifred Gardner, Instructor in English, Georgia State College for Women, Milledgeville, Ga. [Box 113] Crowley, W. Irving, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [Folwell Hall] Crowne, Joseph Vincent, Assistant Professor of English, College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Cummings, Hubertis Maurice, Assistant Professor of English, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, O. Coniipfe, John William, Professor of English and Associate Director of the School of Journalism, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Curme, George Oliver, Professor of Germanic Philology, Northwestern University, Evanston, DI. [Lunt Library] Currier, Francis Morton, Master in Modem Languages, St. Alban’s School, Washington, D. C. Curry, Walter Clyde, Associate Professor of English, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn. Curts, Paul Holroyd, Professor of German, Wesleyan University, Middle- town, Conn. Cushwa, Frank William, Professor of English, Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, N. H. Cutting, Starr Willard, Professor Emeritus of German, The University of Chicago [West Brattleboro, Vt.] Dale, George Irving, Associate Professor of Spanish and Italian, Washing­ ton University, St. Louis, Mo. Damon, Lindsay Todd, Professor of English, Brown University, Providence, R. I. Damon, Samuel Foster, Assistant in English, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [138 Mt. Auburn St.] Dana, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Lecturer on Literature, New School for Social Research, 465 W. 23rd St., New York City. Daniels, Francis Potter, Associate Professor of French, Georgia State College for Women, Milledgeville, Ga. [Box 84] Danton, George Henry, Professor of German, Tsing Hua College, Peking, China. Darby, Arleigh Lee, Professor of Romance Languages, West Virginia University, Morgantown, W. Va. Dargan, Edwin Preston, Professor of French Literature, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Dargan, Henry McCune, Professor of English, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Darnall, Henry Johnston, Professor of Germanic Languages, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tenn. [809 Walnut Street] David, Henri Charles-Edouard, Associate Professor of French Literature, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Davidson, Harold Matthew, Professor of French, Hillsdale College, Hills­ dale, Mich. [180 Hillsdale St.] Davidson, Levette Jay, Associate Professor of English Literature, Univer­ sity of Denver, Denver, Colo. [University Park] Davidson, Mabel, Adjunct Professor of English, Randolph-Macon Woman’s College, Lynchburg, Va. [1518 Early St.] Davies, James, Assistant Professor of German, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [2632 Pillsbury Ave.] Davis, Estelle Headley, Lecturer in English, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York City. Davis, Edward Ziegler, Assistant Professor of German, University of Penn­ sylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [48th and Woodland Ave.] Davis, Henry Campbell, Professor of the English Language and Rhetoric, University of South Carolina, Columbia, S. C. [1 University Campus] Davis, Herbert John, Associate Professor of English Literature, University College, Toronto, Canada. Davis, John Janies, Department of Romance Languages, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. [Box 82] Davis, Mrs. Martelle Elliott, Professor and Head of Modem Language Department, Ohio Northern University, Ada, Ohio. Davis, William Hawley, Professor of English and Public Speaking, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Me. [4 Page St.] Davis, William Rees, Professor and Head of the Department of English, Whitman CoUege, WaUa WaUa, Wash. [401 Cypress St.] Daw, M. EmUy, Instructor in English, New Jersey State Normal School, Trenton, N. J. [634 W. State St.] Decker, Winifred ComwaU, Professor of German, State CoUege for Teachers, Albany, N. Y. Deering, Robert WaUer, Professor of German, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. [2931 Somerton Road, Cleveland Heights] De Forest, John Bellows, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. [200 Loomis St.] Delano, Charles Cudworth, Professor of Greek and Romance Languages, Mt. AUison University, SackviUe, N. B. Delson, Solomon Menahem, Professor and Head of the Department of Romance Languages, Hamline University, St. Paul, Minn. Denkinger, Emma MarshaU, Associate Professor of English, WeUesley CoUege, WeUesley, Mass. [98 Addington Rd., Brookline, Mass.] Denney, Joseph ViUiers, Professor of EngUsh and Dean of the CoUege of Arts, Philosophy, and Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, 0. Denton, George Bion, Professor of Technical Composition, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. [716 Clark St.] D’Evelyn, Charlotte, Associate Professor of English Literature, Mount Holyoke CoUege, South Hadley, Mass. De Vane, WUUam Clyde, Jr., Instructor in English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. De Vries, Louis, Professor and Head of the Department of Modem Lan­ guages, Iowa State CoUege, Ames, la. Dewey, Malcolm Howard, Professor and Head of the Department of Romance Languages, Emory University, Emory University, Georgia. Dewey, Robert MerriU, Assistant Professor of English, Smith CoUege, Northampton, Mass. [83 Crescent St.] Dey, WUliam Morton, Professor of Romance Languages, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Dickerman, C. Henry, Assistant Professor of EngUsh and in Charge of JoumaUsm, Denison University, GranvUle, O. [Box 597] Dickey, WUUam P., Roxbury Latin School, Roxbury, Mass. [Technology Chambers, Boston, Mass.] Dickman, Adolphe, Instructor in French, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. [623 E. Burlington St.] Dickinson, Arthur, Instructor in English, Preparatory High School, College of the City of New York, New York City. [98 Morningside Ave.] Dickson, Mrs. Alice M., Editorial Department, Doubleday, Page & Co., Garden City, N. Y. Diekhoff, Tobias J. C., Professor of German, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. Diez, Max, Professor of German, Center College, Danville, Ky. [344 Maple Ave.] Dingus, Leonidas Reuben, Professor of French and Spanish, Transylvania College, Lexington, Ky. Ditchy, Jay K., Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. [172 Green St.] Dodge, Daniel Kilham, Professor of the English Language and Literature, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. Dodge, Robert Elkin Neil, Associate Professor of English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [410 N. Butler St.] Dodson, Ellen MacKenzie, Instructor in English, Mills College, Oakland, Calif. [Box 5, Garden Grove, Cal.] Dollinger, Verona Mae, Instructor in English, Ohio State University, Colum­ bus, O. [1806 N. High St.] Dondo, Mathurin Marius, Assistant Professor of French, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [2527 Le Conte Ave.] Doniat, Josephine C., Instructor in French, Crane Junior College, Chicago, IU. [2246 W. Van Buren St.] DonneUy, Lucy Martin, Professor of English, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Dooley, Mabel, Instructor in English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. 1415 Sterling St.] Douay, Gaston, Professor of French, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. Dow, Lafayette Francis, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1302 Hormann St.] Dow, Louis Henry, Professor of French, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Dow, Robert Bruce, Graduate Student, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [1775 Massachusetts Ave.] Downer, Charles Alfred, Professor of Romance Languages, College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Doyle, Henry Grattan, Professor of Romance Languages, George Washing­ ton University, Washington, D. C. [5416 33d St., Chevy Chase, D. C.] Draper, John William, Associate Professor of English, University of Maine, Orono, Me. Drew, Helen L., Professor and Head of the Department of English, Rockford College, Rockford, Ill. Driscoll, Emily Arondel, Instructor in English, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass. Drummond, Robert Rutherford, Professor of German, University of Maine, Orono, Me. Dudley, Louise, Professor of English, Stephens College, Columbia, Mo. Dulac, Victor, Professor of French, Notre Dame College and Teachers College, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. Dunham, Howard Floyd, Assistant Professor of French, Dartmouth Col­ lege, Hanover, N. H. Dunkel, Wilbur Dwight, Graduate Student, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [14 Oxford St.] Dunlap, Charles Graham, Professor of English Literature, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. Dunn, Esther Cloudman, Assistant Professor of English, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. [10 West St.] Dunn, Joseph, Professor of Celtic Languages and Lecturer in Romance Languages, Catholic University, Washington, D. C. Durel, Lionel C., Professor and Head of the Department of French, New­ comb College, New Orleans, La. Durham, Willard Higley, Associate Professor of English, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. [1525 La Loma Ave.] Dutton, George Burwell, Professor of English Literature, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass. Dutton, George Elliott, Professor of English, University of Delaware, Newark, Del. Dye, Alexander Vincent, United States Trade Commissioner, American Embassy, London, England. Dye, William Seddinger, Jr., Professor of the English Language and Litera­ ture, Pennsylvania State College, State College, Pa. [317 W. Beaver Ave.] Easley, Katherine, Dean of Women and Assistant Professor of English Literature, University of the City of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio. Eastburn, Iola Kay, Professor of German, Wheaton College, Norton, Mass. Easter, De la Warr B., Professor of Romance Languages, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va. Eastman, Clarence Willis, Professor of the German Language and Literature, Amherst College, Amherst, Mass. Eaton, Harold Thomas, Dept. of English, Central High School, Syracuse, N. Y. [1835 Bellevue Ave.] Edgerly, Clifton Tisdale, Instructor in French, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [820 Elm St.J Egan, Rose F., Assistant Professor of English, Smith College, Northampton, t Mass. [134 South St.] Ehrensperger, Edward C., Instructor in English, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. [1808 Sherman Ave.) Eisenlohr, Berthold A., Professor of German, Ohio State University, Colum­ bus, O. Eiserhardt, Ewald, Professor of German, University of Rochester, Roches­ ter, N. Y. [145 Harvard St.] Eldrige, Jay Glover, Professor of the German Language and Literature, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho. Ellinger, Esther Parker, Baltimore, Md. [12 W. 25th St.] Elliott, George Roy, Professor of English Literature, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Me. Ellis, Amanda M., Instructor in English, Des Moines University, Highland Park, Des Moines, la. [Childs Hall] Ellis, Harold Milton, Professor and Head of the Department of English, University of Maine, Orono, Me. Ellis, James L., Department of English, Modesto Junior College, Modesto, Cal. [909 14th St.] Elsasser, Albert R., Scribner Fellow in English, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [112 Mercer St.] Emerson, Oliver Farrar, Professor of English, Western Reserve Univer­ sity, Cleveland, O. [1910 Wadena St., East Cleveland] Emery, Fred Parker, Professor of English, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Enders, John Franklin, Graduate Student in Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [17 Highland St., Hartford, Conn.] Emst, Adolphine B., Assistant Professor of German, University of Wiscon­ sin, Madison, Wis. Erskine, John, Professor of English, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Erwin, Edward James, Professor of English, Davidson College, Davidson, N. C. Escher, Erwin, Instructor in Romance Languages, The Rice Institute, Houston, Texas. Espinosa, Aurelio Macedonio, Professor of Romanic Languages, Stanford- University, Cal. Evans, Charles, Professor of German, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa. Evans, George Fullerton, Instructor in English, University of Texas, Austin, Texas. [908 W. 26th St.] Evans, M. Blakemore, Professor of German, Ohio State University, Colum­ bus, O. Everett, Charles Warren, Instructor in English, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. Evers, Helene M., Associate Professor of Romance Languages, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, N. M. Ewart, Frank Carman, Professor of Romanic Languages, Colgate Univer­ sity, Hamilton, N. Y. Fahnestock, Edith, Associate Professor of Spanish, Vassar College, Pough­ keepsie, N. Y. (on leave). Fairchild, Arthur Henry Rolph, Professor of English, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo. [10 Glenwood Ave.] Fairchild, Hoxie Neale, Lecturer in English, Columbia University, New York City. [419 W. 117th St.] Fairchild, J. R., American Book Co., 100 Washington Sq., New York, N. Y. Fairfield, Erie, Assistant Professor of German, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. [103 Morewood Ave., Oakland Station] Fairley, Barker, Professor of German, University College, Toronto, Ontario. Fansler, Dean Spruill, Professor of English, University of the Philippines, Manila, P. I. Farbish, Sidney Allmeyer, Professor of English, Frankford High School, Philadelphia, Pa. [2263 North Park Ave.] Faries, Jean Reichner, Graduate Student in English, University of Pennsyl­ vania, Philadelphia, Pa. [5038 Pine St.] Farley, Frank Edgar, Professor of English Literature, Wesleyan Univer­ sity, Middletown, Conn. Farley, Malcolm Fisk, Professor of English, Fukien Christian University, Foochow, China. Famham, Willard Edward, Associate Professor of English, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. Farnsworth, William Oliver, Professor of Romance Languages, Northwest­ ern University, Evanston, Ill. Farquhar, Edward Franklin, Professor of Literature, University of Ken­ tucky, Lexington, Ky. [242 Clay Ave.] Farr, Hollon Augustine, Assistant Professor of German, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [38 Yale Station] Farrand, Wilson, Head Master, Newark Academy, Newark, N. J. Farrar, Thomas James, Professor of Germanic Languages, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va. Faulkner, William Harrison, Professor of Germanic Languages, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va. [1 West Lawn, University, Va.] Faurot, Albert A., Professor of Modern Languages, Rose Polytechnic Institute, Terre Haute, Ind. Faust, Albert Bernhardt, Professor of German, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. [Cornell Heights] Faust-Newton, Cosette, Dallas, Tex. [4005 Miramar Ave.] Fay, Charles Ernest, Professor of Modem Languages, Tufts College, Tufts College, Mass. Fay, Percival Bradshaw, Associate Professor of French, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [955 Mendocino Ave.] Feise, Ernst, Assistant Professor of German, Ohio State University, Colum­ bus, Ohio. Fenton, Doris, Graduate Student in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [1319 Spruce St.] Feraru, Lion, Instructor in French, University Extension, Columbia Univer­ sity, New York, N. Y. Ferguson, John De Lancey, Associate Professor of English, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, O. [94 S. Liberty St.] Ferguson, Thomas Ewing, Instructor in English, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. [University Station] Ferren, Harry M.,San Diego, Cal. [3231 Fourth St.] Ferrin, Dana Holman, The Century Co., 353 Fourth Ave., New York, N. Y. Fess, Gilbert Malcolm, Professor of Romance Languages, Hillsdale College, Hillsdale, Mich. [230 West St.] Ficke, Rev. Hermann Styles, Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [161 Hancock St.] Ficken, Hilbert Theodore, Professor of Modern Languages, Baldwin- Wallace College, Berea, O. Fife, Robert Herndon, Professor of Germanic Languages and Literatures, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Fineman, Hayim, Professor of English Literature, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa. Finney, Claude Lee, Instructor in English, Vanderbilt University, Nash­ ville, Tenn. [1104 17th Ave. So.] Fisher, John Roberts, Professor of Modem Languages, Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, Va. Fiske, Christabel Forsyth, Associate Professor of English, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. (on leave). Fitz-Gerald, John Driscoll, Professor of Spanish, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. Fitzgerald, Mrs. Sara Porter, Dallas, Tex. [3302 Oak Lawn Ave.] FitzGerald, Thomas Austin, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [1009 S. Busey Ave.] Fitz-Hugh, Thomas, Professor of Latin, University of Virginia, University, Va. Fitzpatrick, Lilian, Graduate Student in English, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. [Bethany, Neb.] Flack, Robert C., Graduate Student, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [16 Quincy St.] Fletcher, Jefferson Butler, Professor of Comparative Literature, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. [112 E. 22d St.] Flitcroft, John Ehret, Instructor in English, Rensellaer Polytechnic Insti­ tute, Troy, N. Y. [102 First St.] Flom, George Tobias, Professor of Scandinavian Languages and Literatures. University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. Flowers, Olive, Teacher of French, West High School, Columbus, O. [825 Franklin Ave.] Foerster, Norman, Professor of English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Fogg, Miller Moore, Professor of English, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. Fogle, David Edgar, Professor and Head of Department of Modern Lan­ guages, Georgetown College, Georgetown, Ky. Folger, Joseph Butler, Jr., Instructor in Romance Languages, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. [13 W. Wheelock St.] Ford, Daniel, Dean of the Faculty and Head of the Department of English, Lake Forest College, Lake Forest, Ill. Ford, Harry Egerton, Professor of French Language and Literature, Vic­ toria College, Toronto University, Toronto, Canada. Ford, J. D. M., Professor of the French and Spanish Languages, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [9 Riedesel Ave.] Ford, R. Clyde, Professor of Modern Languages, State Normal CoUege, Ypsilanti, Mich. [607 Pearl St.] Fore, Harry Franklin, Associate Professor of English, Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind. Foreman, Kenneth Joseph, Acting Associate Professor of German, Davidson College, Davidson, N. C. [Box 526] Forman, Elizabeth Chandlee (Mrs. H. B.), Haverford, Pa. Forsythe, Robert Stanley, Assistant Professor of EngUsh, Northwestern University, Evanston, IU. [1220 Elmwood Ave.] Fosnocht, Eddy Burke, Instructor in French and Spanish, New Haven High School, New Haven, Conn. [67 Putnam Ave., WhitneyviUe] Fossler, Laurence, Professor of Modem Languages, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. Foster, Dorothy, Associate Professor of English Literature, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass. Foster, Elizabeth Andros, Assistant Professor of Spanish, Smith CoUege, Northampton, Mass. [Dickinson House] Foster, Finley MelviUe Kendall, Associate Professor of EngUsh, University of Delaware, Newark, Del. [P. O. Box 273] Foster, Frances AUen, Associate Professor of EngUsh, Lawrence CoUege, Appleton, Wis. [1065 Front St.] Foster, Irving Lysander, Professor of Romance Languages, Pennsylvania State CoUege, State CoUege, Pa. [140 S. Pugh St.] Foster, James Ralph, Instructor in English, University of Minnesota, MinneapoUs, Minn. [317J^ Folwell HaU] Four6, Robert, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. [115 W. 11th Ave.] Fowler, Earle Broadus, Professor and Head of the Department of English, University of LouisvUle, LouisviUe, Ky. Fowler, Thomas Howard, Professor of German, Wells CoUege, Aurora, N. Y. Fraker, Charles Frederick, Instructor in Romance Languages, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [1056 Commonwealth Ave., Brook­ line, Mass.] Frampton, Mendal G., Professor of English Language, Pomona College, Claremont, Calif. Francke, Kuno, Professor of the History of German Culture, Emeritus, and Honorary Curator of the Germanic Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [3 Berkeley Place] Frank, Grace, Baltimore, Md. [Mrs. Tenney Frank, 110 Elmhurst Road, Roland Parkl Franklin, George Bruce, Professor of English, Evansville College, Evans­ ville, Ind. [711 S. First St.] Fraser, Margaret E. N., Professor of Romance Languages, Randolph-Macon Woman’s College, Lynchburg, Va. Freedman, Leo, President Rhodes School New York City. [135 W. 119th St.] Freeman, Clarence Campbell, Professor and Head of the Department of English, Transylvania College, Lexington, Ky. Frelin, Jules Theophile, Assistant Professor of French, University of Minne­ sota, Minneapolis, Minn. French, George Franklin, Instructor in Modern Languages, Phillips Acad­ emy, Andover, Mass. [12 School St.] French, John Calvin, Associate Professor of English, Johns Hopkins Univer­ sity, Baltimore, Md. [416 Cedarcroft Road] French, M. Katherine Jackson (Mrs. W. F.), Shreveport, La. [850 Ontario St.] French, Robert Dudley, Assistant Professor of English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [49 Clifford St., Whitneyville] Fries, Charles Carpenter, Associate Professor of English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [7 Harvard Place] Friess, Charlotte L., Instructor in German, Hunter College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. [70 Morningside Drive] FroeUcher, Hans, Professor of German, Goucher College, Baltimore, Md. Frotscher, Lydia E., Assistant Professor of English, Newcomb College, New Orleans, La. Fucilla, Joseph G., Instructor in Romance Languages, Iowa State College, Ames, la. Fuentes, Ventura P., Associate Professor of Spanish, College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Fuess, Claude Moore, Instructor in English, Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass. [183 Main St.] Fulcher, Paul Milton, Instructor in English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Furst, J. Henry, J. H. Furst Co., 23 S. Hanover St., Baltimore, Md. Galland, Joseph Stanislaus, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. [420 N. Indiana Ave.] Galloo, Eug&nie, Professor and Head of the Department of Romance Lan­ guages and Literatures, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. Galpin, Stanley Leman, Professor of Romance Languages, Trinity College, Hartford, Conn. Galt, Mary Meares, Professor of Romance Languages, Hood College, Frederick, Md. [316 Rockwell Terrace] Gardiner, Dorothy Margaret, Acting Dean of Women and Assistant Profes­ sor of English, Whitman College, Walla Walla, Wash. [Reynolds Hall] Gardner, Edward Hall, Associate Professor of Business Administration, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [215 Forest St.] Gardner, Eugene Elmore, Assistant Professor of English, Furman Univer­ sity, Greenville, S. C. Gardner, May, Assistant Professor, Department of Hispanic Languages and Literatures, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. Garrett, Robert Max, Associate Professor of English, University of Washing­ ton, Seattle, Wash. Garrison, Stewart Lee, Associate Professor of English and Public Speaking, Amherst CoUege, Amherst, Mass. [125 S. Pleasant St.] Garver, Milton, Instructor in French, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [767 Yale Station] Gates, William Bryan, Instructor in EngUsh, Southwestern University, Georgetown, Tex. Gault, Pierre, Instructor in French, Amherst College, Amherst, Mass. [7 Woodside Ave.] Gauss, Christian, Professor of Modem Languages, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. Gaw, AUison, Professor and Head of the Department of English, Univer­ sity of Southern California, Los Angeles, Cal. [1915 Cordova St.] Gaw, Mks. Ralph H., Topeka, Kas. [1321 Filmore St.] Gay, Lucy Maria, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [216 N. Pinckney St.] Gayley, Charles Mills, Professor of English, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [2328 Piedmont Ave.] Geddes, James Jr., Professor of Romance Languages, Boston University, Boston, Mass. [39 Fairmount St., Brookline, Mass.] Gee, John Archer, Instructor in English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [244 Edgewood Ave.] Geissendoerfer, John Theodore, Instructor in German, University of BUinois, Urbana, IU. [210 University HaU] Genzmer, George Harvey, Instructor in English, University Extension, Columbia University, New York City. [120 Haven Ave.] Gerig, John Lawrence, Associate Professor of Celtic, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Gerould, Gordon Hall, Professor of English, Princeton University, Prince­ ton, N. J. Ghosh, Praphulla Chandra, Professor of English and University Lecturer in English, Presidency College, Calcutta, India. Gibbs, Lincoln Robinson, Professor of Literature, Antioch College, Yellow Springs, Ohio. [Box 234] Gibbs, Warren E., Instructor in English, New York University, New York, N. Y. [2015 University Ave.] Gilbert Allan H., Professor of English, Trinity College, Durham, N. C. Gilbert, Donald Monroe, Professor of Modem Languages, Albion College, Albion, Mich. [1209 Perry St.] Gildersleeve, Mina A., Head of Dept. of Modern Languages, Northern State Normal School, Marquette, Mich. Gildersleeve, Virginia Crocheron, Dean and Professor of English, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Gillet, Joseph Eugene, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [318 Folwell Hall] Gilli, Claude, Associate Professor of Romance Philology, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Gilligan, Arthur Chew, Instructor in Romance Languages, Harvard Univer­ sity, Cambridge, Mass. Gilmore, David Percy, Instructor in Romance Languages, Rutgers College, New Brunswick, N. J. [224 Suydam St.] Gimeno, Patricio, Professor of Spanish, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla. [569 University Blvd.] Gingerich, Solomon Francis, Associate Professor of English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [20 Highland Road] Girard, William, Assistant Professor of French, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [1589 Le Roy Ave.] Glascock, Clyde Chew, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Univer­ sity of Texas, Austin, Tex. [611 West 22nd St.] Glueck, Marion E., Instructor in English, Hollins College, Hollins, Va. Goddard, Eunice Rathbone, Instructor in French, The Bryn Mawr School, Baltimore, Md. [13 E. Read St.] Goddard, Harold Clarke, Professor of English, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pa. Goebel, Julius, Professor of Germanic Languages, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. Goetsch, Charles, Associate Professor, of Germanic Philology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Hl. Goggio, Charles, Associate Professor of Romanic Languages, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. Goggio, Emilio, Assistant Professor of Italian and Spanish, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. Golden, Clear Clement, Graduate Student, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [70 Trumbull St.] Golder, Harold, Graduate Student, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. : t [Room 3, Conant Hall] Goldiere, Augustin V., Assistant Professor of Spanish, Davidson College, Davidson, N. C. Gonzilez, Manuel P., Instructor in Spanish, Goucher College, Baltimore, Md. Good, John Walter, Professor of English, Georgia State College for Women, Milledgeville, Ga. Goodale, Ralph Hinsdale, Professor of English Literature, Hiram College, Hiram, O. Goodchild, Donald, Instructor in English, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [35 Bank St.] Goode, Clement Tyson, Professor of English, Mercer University, Macon, Ga. Goodell, Donald Ralph, Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [21 Chauncey St.] Goodman, Theodore, Instructor in English, College of the City of New York, New York City. Goodrich, Charles Gourlay, Professor of Modem Languages, Monmouth College, Monmouth, Ill. [413 North 9th St.] Goodyear, Nolan Austin, Associate Professor of Modem Languages, Emory University, Emory University, Ga. Gordon, Armistead Churchill, Jr., Assistant Professor of English Literature, University of Virginia, University, Va. Gordon, Robert W., Assistant Professor of English, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. [1262 Euclid Ave.] Gorman, Frank Thorpe, Instructor in Spanish, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [12 Edgehill St.] Gott, Charles, Associate Professor of English, Carnegie Institute of Tech­ nology, Pittsburgh, Pa. Gould, Chester Nathan, Assistant Professor of German and Scandinavian Literatures, University of Chicago, Chicago, 111. Graham, G. Nelson, Instructor in Spanish, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. Graham, Malbone Watson, Instructor in Spanish, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. [Box 30, W’heeler Hall] Graham, Walter James, Assistant Professor of English, Adelbert College of Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. Geandgent, Charles Hall, Professor of Romance Languages, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [107 Walker St.] Grant, Elliott Mansfield, Assistant Professor of French, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. [15 Arnold Ave.] Grant, Harry Alexander, Junior Master, English High School, Boston, Mass. [12 Wren St., West Roxbury] Graves, Isabel, Associate Professor of English, The Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa. Graves, Thornton Shirley, Professor of English, University of North Caro­ lina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Gray, Austin K., Professor of English, Haverford College, Haverford, Pa. Gray, Charles Harold, Assistant Professor of English, Adelphi College, Brooklyn, N. Y. Gray, Charles Henry, Professor of English, Tufts College, Tufts College, Mass [97 Talbot Ave.] Gray, Claudine, Associate Professor of French, Hunter College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Gray, Henry David, Associate Professor of English, Leland Stanford Jr. University, Stanford University, Cal. Green, Alexander, Modem Language Editor for D. C. Heath & Co., 231- 245 W. 39th St., New York, N. Y. Green, Charles Edward, Professor and Head of Department of Modern Languages, Centenary College, Shreveport, La. Greene, Edward M., Professor and Head of Department of Romance Languages, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, S. D. [115 Har­ vard St.] Greene, Ernest Roy, Professor of Romance Languages, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Greene, Herbert Eveleth, Collegiate Professor of English, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. [1019 St. Paul St.] Greene, Kenneth Dunham, Graduate Student in Romance Languages and Literatures, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [70 Trumbull St.] Greene, Walter Kirkland, Dean and Head of the Department of English, Wesleyan College, Macon, Ga. Greenlaw, Edwin, Professor of English and Dean of the Graduate School, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Greenleaf, Charles H., Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [625 Mendota Court] Greenough, Chester Noyes, Professor of English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [26 Quincy St.] Greever, Gustavus Garland, Acting Professor of English, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colo. Grevenig, Gustave Valentin, Head of the Department of Romance Lan­ guages, College of St. Teresa, Winona, Minn. [1067 W. Wabasha St.] Grey, Robert G., Instructor in German, University Extension Division, Columbia University, New York City, [204 W. 109th St.] Griebsch, Max, Director National Teachers’ Seminary, 558-568 Broadway, Milwaukee, Wis. Griffin, James 0., Professor of German, Emeritus, Leland Stanford Jr. University, Stanford University, Cal. Griffin, Nathaniel Edward, Instructor in English, University of Pennsyl­ vania, Philadelphia, Pa. Griffith, Dudley David, Professor of English, Grinnell College, Grinnell, la. [1335 40th St., Des Moines, la.] Griffith, Reginald Harvey, Professor of English, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. [University Station] Grimes, Evie Margaret, Professor of French, Elmira College, Elmira, N. Y. Grimm, Charles, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass. Grimm, Karl Josef, Professor of the German Language and Literature, Pennsylvania College, Gettysburg, Pa. Gring, Rev. Ambrose D., 220 Brattle St., Cambridge, Mass. Gkiscom, Rev. Acton, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. [37 Fifth Ave.] Groves, Owen Griffith, Associate Professor of English, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pa. [P. 0. Box 212] Gruenbaum, Gustav, Associate in Romance Languages, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. Gruener, Gustav, Professor of German, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [146 Lawrance Hall] Grummann, Paul H., Professor of Dramatic Literature, Director of the School of Fine Arts, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. [1967 South St.] Gudde, Erwin G., Associate in German, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [2708 Dana St.] Gu6rard, Albert L6on, Professor of the History of French Civilization, The Rice Institute, Houston, Tex. Guiet, Rene Georges, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [904 W. Illinois St.] Guillet, Cephas, Professor of Romance Languages, Colorado College, Colorado Springs, Col. Guinn, Robert Darius, Instructor in Spanish, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [529 Oak St., S. E.] Guilloton, Vincent, Associate Professor of the French Language and Litera­ ture, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. [143 West St.] Gulliver, Harold Strong, Instructor in English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [1878 Yale Station] Guinotte, Marguerite, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [217 Harvard St., S. E.] Guitner, Alma, Professor of German, Otterbein College, Westerville, O. [75 W. CoUege Ave.] Gustafson, Walter William, Professor of EngUsh, Uspala CoUege, Kenil­ worth, N. J. Gutierrez, Santiago, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. Guyer, Foster Erwin, Assistant Professor of French, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Gwathmey, Edward Moseley, Associate Professor of English, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Va. [P. O. Box 67] Gwyn, Virginia Percival (Mrs. H. B.), P. O. Box 447, Libertyville, Ill. Hacker, Emil Frederic, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. [1580 Wesley Ave.] Hadsell, Sardis Roy, Professor of English, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla. [720 De Barr Ave.] Haessler, Luise, Associate Professor of German, Hunter College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. [100 Morningside Drive.] Hagboldt, Peter Hermann, Department of German, School of Education, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Hagen, Sivert Nielsen, Professor of English, Pennsylvania College, Gettys­ burg, Pa. Hager, Frank L., Professor of Modern Languages, Central College, Fayette, Mo. [204 Spring St.] Hale, Edward E., Professor of English, Union College, Schenectady, N. Y. Hale, William Gardner, Professor Emeritus of Latin, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [Shippan Point, Stamford, Conn.] Hale, Will Taliaferro, Assistant Professor of English, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. [521 Park Ave.] Hall, Edgar A., Professor of English, Adelphi College, Brooklyn, N. Y. [147 Fenimore St.] Hall, Ernest James, Instructor in Spanish, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [266 Everit St.] Hall, Howard Judson, Assistant Professor of English, Stanford University, Cal. Hall, John Lesslie, Professor of the English Language and Literature, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Va. Haller, William, Assistant Professor of English, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Halley, Albert Roberts, Assistant Professor of English, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla. [1135 W. Union St.] Ham, Roscoe James, George Taylor Files Professor of Modem Languages, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Me. Ham, Roswell Gray, Instructor in English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [63 Clifford St., Whitneyville, Conn.] Hamilton, George Livingstone, Professor of Romance Languages, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. [316 Fall Creek Drive] Hamilton, Irene, Graduate Student in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [2210 Parkway, Wilmington, Del.] Hamilton, Mabel W., Instructor in Romance Languages, Marietta College, Marietta, O. Hamilton, Theodore Ely, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. Hammer, Christine, Instructor in English, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Hammond, Blanche Ross (Mrs. C. N.), Graduate Student in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [2304 N. 18th St.] Handschin, Charles Hart, Professor of German, Miami University, Oxford, 0. Haney, John Louis, President and Professor of English Philology, Central High School, Philadelphia, Pa. Hanford, James Holly, Professor of English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1024 Church St.] Hanscom, Elizabeth Deering, Professor of English, Smith College, North­ ampton, Mass. [26 Franklin St.] Hanson, Alice M., Instructor in French, Central High School, Grand Forks N. D. [2514 Emerson Ave. S., Minneapolis, Minn.] Harbarger, Sada Annis, Instructor in English, Ohio State University, Colum­ bus, O. Harbeson, William Page, Assistant Professor of the English Language and Literature, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [College Hall] Hardy, Ashley Kingsley, Professor of German and Instructor in Old English, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Harlan, Mabel Margaret, Assistant Professor of Spanish, Indiana Univer­ sity, Bloomington, Ind. [828 E. 3rd St.] Harmanson, Mrs. Sallie T. M., Associate Professor of Romance Languages and German, Randolph-Macon Woman’s College, Lynchburg, Va. Ham, Edith Muriel, Associate Professor of Modem Languages, Agnes Scott College, Decatur, Ga. Harper, George McLean, Professor of English, Princeton University, Prince­ ton, N. J. Harris, Alexander Logan, Professor of Modem Languages and Literatures, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Geneva, N. Y. Harris, Charles, Professor of German, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. [2466 Kenilworth Road, Euclid Heights] Harris, Lynn H., President of Beaver College, Beaver, Pa. Harrison, John Smith, Professor, and Head of the Department of English, Butler College, Indianapolis, Ind. [347 N. Audubon Rd.] Hart, Anne Beryl Griffin, Assistant Professor of English, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. Hart, Walter Morris, Professor of English and Dean of the Summer Ses­ sions, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [2255 Piedmont Ave.] Hartman, Anabel Eugenia, Assistant in English, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [1201 California St.] Harvey, Edward L6on, Professor of English and Modem History, Univer­ sity of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N. B. [14 Waterloo Row] Harvitt, Helene, Instructor in French, Teachers’ College, Columbia Uni­ versity, New York, N. Y. [1309 Carroll St., Brooklyn] Harwell, Robert Ritchie, Professor of Greek and Instructor in German, Austin College, Sherman, Tex. [923 Grand Ave.] Hastings, George Everett, Associate Professor of English, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Ark. [346 Arkansas Ave.] Hastings, Harry Worthington, Professor of English, New York State College for Teachers, Albany, N. Y. Hastings, Walter Scott, Assistant Professor of Modem Languages, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. Hastings, William Thomson, Assistant Professor of English, Brown Univer­ sity, Providence, R. I. Hatfield, James Taet, Professor of the German Language and Literature, Northwestern University, Evanston, Hl. Hatheway, Joel, Chief Examiner, School Committee, Boston, Mass. [IS Beacon St.] Hauch, Edward F., Professor of German Language and Literature, Hamilton College, Clinton, N. Y. Havens, George R., Professor of Romance Languages, Ohio State Univer­ sity, Columbus, O. Havens, Raymond Dexter, Professor of English, University of Rochester, Rochester, N. Y. Haviland, Thomas P., Instructor in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [College Hall] Haxo, Henry E., Professor of Romance Languages, University of North Dakota, University Station, N. D. Hayden, Philip Meserve, Assistant Secretary, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Hayes, Flora Mabel, Instructor in English and Public Speaking, Culver- Stockton College, Canton, Mo. Hayes, James Juvenal, Professor of English Literature, Morningside Col­ lege, Sioux City, la. [1416 S. St. Aubin St.] Hayes, William Solomon, Instructor in Romance Languages and Literature, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N. Y. [63 First St.] Haymaker, Catherine Lois, Professor of Spanish, Adelphi College, Brooklyn, N. Y. [12 Clifton Place] Haynes, Randolph Arnold, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Texas, Austin Tex. [2600 Guadelupe St.] Hazleton, Sidney Channing, Assistant Professor of Physical Education and Instructor in French, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. [7 Dana Road] Hearsey, Margerite, C., Instructor in English, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Heaton, Harry Clifton, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, New York University, New York N. Y. [University Heights] Hebei, John William, Assistant Professor of English, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. [339 Goldwin Smith HaU] Heffner, R. Merrill Secrist, Instructor in German, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [130 Oxford St.] Heidbrink, Frederick Henry, Henry Holt & Co., College Dept., New York City. [19 W. 44th St.] Heller, Edmund Kurt, Instructor in German, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. [2314 Dwight Way] Heller, Otto, Professor of German and Modem European Literature, Wash­ ington University, St. Louis, Mo. Helmholz-Phelan, Mrs. Anna Augusta, Assistant Professor of English, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. Hemingway, Samuel Burdett, Assistant Professor of English, Yale Univer­ sity, New Haven, Conn. [42 Lincoln St.] Hemke, Marie D., Instructor in English, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Tex. Hemry, Frederick Squire, Head of Department of Modem Languages, The Tome School, Port Deposit, Md. Hench, Atcheson L., Associate Professor of English, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va. [37 University Place] Henderson, W. B. Drayton, Instructor in English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [211 Yale Station] Hendricks, Walter, Instructor in English, Armour Institute of Technology, Chicago, Ill. Hendrix, William Samuel, Professor of Romance Languages, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. Henin, Benjamin L. A., Instructor in Modem Languages, Stuyvesant Scientific High School, 345 E. 15th St., New York, N. Y. Henning, George Neely, Professor of Romance Languages and Dean of Graduate Studies, George Washington University, Washington, D. C. Henriquez-Urena, Pedro, Professor, Universidad Nacional de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. [Rectoria] Henry, Mellinger Edward, Teacher of English, Dickinson High School, Jersey City, N. J. Hepburn, William McG., Acting Instructor in Romance Languages, In­ diana University, Bloomington, Ind. [203 Forest Place] Herold, Amos Lee, Professor of English Literature and Head of Depart­ ment of English, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pa. Herrington, Hunley Whatley, Professor of English, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N. Y. Herrmann, Alfred, Instructor in German, Extension Division, Columbia University, New York City, [234 East 72nd St.] Hersey, Frank Wilson Cheney, Instructor in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [45 Oxford St.] Hershey, Phares Robert, Instructor in Spanish, Purdue University, Lafay­ ette, Ind. [414 N. 11th St.] Herzberg, Max J., Head of the English Department, Central High School, Newark, N. J. Hespelt, Ernest Herman, Professor of Spanish, Elmira College, Elmira, N. Y. [922 W. Gray St.] Hessler, L. Burtron, Educational Department, Scribners Sons, 1107 7th St., S. E., Minneapolis, Minn. Heuser, Frederick W. J., Assistant Professor of the Germanic Languages and Literatures, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Heusinkveld, Arthur Helenus, Instructor in English, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. [319 N. Capitol St.] Hewitt, Frank L., Assistant Professor of English, Dartmouth College, Han­ over, N. H. [Graduate Club.] Hewitt, Thedore Brown, Professor and Head of the Department of German, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, N. Y. Hibbard, Clarence Addison, Associate Professor of English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Hibbard, Laura Alandis, Associate Professor of English Literature, Welles­ ley College, Wellesley, Mass. Hicks, R. Keith, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Queen’s Uni­ versity, Kingston, Ont. Hier, Florence, Instructor in Romance Languages, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. [1330 Forsythe Ave.] Hill, Edith A., Professor of Modern Languages, University of Redlands, Redlands, Cal. [14 Clifton Ave.] Hill, Herbert Wynford, Professor and Head of the Department of English, University of Nevada, Reno, Nev. Hill, John M., Professor of Spanish, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. [317 E. 2nd St.] Hill, Raymond Thompson, Assistant Professor of French, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [902 Memorial Quadrangle] Hillebrand, Harold N., Assistant Professor of English, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [1108 W. Oregon St.] Hillhouse, James T., Assistant Professor of English, University of Minne­ sota, Minneapolis, Minn. [112 Church St. S. E.] Hills, Elijah Clarence, Profe. sor of Romance Languages, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. [2524 Benvenue Ave.] Himmer, William Conrad, Assistant Professor of Modem Languages, Wor­ cester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Mass. Hinchman, Walter S., Groton, Mass. Hinckley, Henry Barrett, New Haven, Conn. [391 Temple St.] Hinsdale, Ellen C., Professor of the German Language and Literature, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass. Hinton, James, Professor of English, Emory University, Emory University, Ga. Hochdoerfer, K. F. Richard, 792 14th St., Boulder, Colo. Hodder, Mrs. Alfred, Princeton, N. J. [341 Nassau St.] Hodges, John Cunyus, Professor of English, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tenn. [2600 Jefferson Ave.] Hoffman, Benjamin Franklin, Professor of Germanic Languages, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo. [116 College Ave.] Hoffmann, Hedwig Herta, Head of the Department of Romance Languages, Guilford College, Guilford, N. C. Hoffman-Mahy, Rodolphe O., Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Montana, Missoula, Mont. [Faculty Exchange] Hohlfeld, Alexander R., Professor of German, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Holbrook, Richard Thayer, Senior Professor of French, Chairman of the Department of French, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [Facul­ ty Club] Holland, Thomas Scott, Adjunct Professor of Romance Languages, Univer­ sity of Georgia, Athens, Ga. [P. O. Box 102] Hollander, Lee M., Instructor in German, University of Texas, Austin, Texas. [3204 West Ave.] Hollowell, Bennett M., Professor of English, Nebraska Wesleyan University, University Place, Neb. Holt, Josephine W., City Supervisor of Foreign Languages, Richmond, Va. [3300 Patterson Ave.] Holzknecht, Karl S., Assistant Professor of English, University of Louis­ ville, Louisville, Ky. [119 West Broadway] Hood, Thurman Los, Instructor in English, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [Warren House] Hoover, Merle M., Instructor in English, Department of University Extension, Columbia University, New York City. Hopkins, Annette Brown, Professor of English, Goucher College, Baltimore, Md. Hopkins, Edwin Mortimer, Professor of Rhetoric and the English Lan­ guage, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. [1234 Mississippi St.] Hornicek, John, Instructor in French, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [1867 Yale Station] Horsfield, Margaret B., Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky. Hoskins, Gordon V., Instructor in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [College Hall] Hoskins, John Preston, Professor of the Germanic Languages and Litera­ tures, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [10 College Road] Host, Arthur George, Head of Modern Language Department, Troy High School, Troy, N. Y. [10 Warren Ave.] Hotson, John Leslie, Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [13 Hilliard St.] House, Ralph Emerson, Professor of Spanish, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. House, Roy Temple, Professor and Head of the Department of Modem Languages, State University of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla. [317W. Eufaula St.] Houston, Maiy E., Head of the French Department, Sullins College, Bristol, Va. Houston, Percy Hazen, Assistant Professor of English, University of Cali­ fornia, Southern Branch, Los Angeles, Calif. Howard, George Parker, Head of Spanish and French Department, The Morristown School, Morristown, N. J. Howard, William Guild, Professor of German, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [91 Garden St.] Howe, Barbara Murray, Instructor in English, Simmons College, Boston, Mass. [Fairmont Ave., Hyde Park] Howe, George Maxwell, Instructor in German, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. 75 Fayerweather St.] Howe, Will David, Editor, Charles Scribner’s Sons, 597 Fifth Ave., New York City. Howell, Almonte C., Instructor in English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Hrbkova, S&rka B., Manager Czecho-Slovak Bureau, Foreign Language Information Service, 119 W. 41st St., New York, N. Y. Hubbard, Frank Gaylord, Professor of English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [141 W. Gilman St.] Hubbard, Grace A., Associate Professor of English, Barnard College, Co­ lumbia University, New York City. Hubbard, Lucius Lee, Regent, University of Michigan. [Houghton, Mich.] Hubbell, Jay Broadus, Professor of English, Southern Methodist Univer­ sity, Dallas, Tex. Hubbell, Minor Carleton, Head of Modern Foreign Language Department, Culver Military Academy, Culver, Ind. Hubert, Merton Jerome, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Uni­ versity of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, O. Hubman, Sophia A., Instructor in German, University High School, Minne­ apolis, Minn. Hudson, Dorothy Rose, Assistant Instructor in English, University of Min­ nesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [2120 Lake of the Isles Blvd.] Hudson, Hoyt H., Instructor in Public Speaking, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. [408 Dryden Road] Hughes, Mrs. Charlotte Conde, Tutor in Romance Languages and Litera­ tures, Grand Rapids, Mich. [20 N. College Ave.] Hughes, Helen Sard, Associate Professor of English, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass. [597 Washington St.] Hughes, Merritt Y., Assistant Professor of English, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. Hulbert, James Root, Associate Professor of English, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [Faculty Exchange] Hull, Vemam Edward, Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [29 Randolph Hall] Hulme, William Henry, Professor of English, College for Women, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. [11420 Hessler Road] Humphreys, Harold Llewelyn, Instructor in French, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [212 Faculty Exchange] Humphreys, Wilber Ray, Associate Professor of English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1435 Cambridge Road] Hundley, Frances Shelton, Adjunct Professor of English, Randolph-Macon Woman’s College, Lynchburg, Va. [100 Banbury Road, Oxford, England] Hunkins, Charles H., Associate Professor of Romance Languages and Literatures, Brown University, Providence, R. I. Hunt, Percival, Head of the Department of English, University of Pitts­ burgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. Hunt, Theodore Whitfield, Professor Emeritus of English, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. Hunter, Kenneth B., Instructor in English, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [1264 Knapp Place, St. Paul, Minn.] Hurlburt, Albert Francis, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [Box 26, College Hall] Huse, William Woodman, Jr., Instructor in English, Princeton University, [Box 161, Princeton, N. J.] Hustvedt, Sigurd Bernhard, Assistant Professor of English, University of California, Southern Branch, Los Angeles, Calif. Hutchins, Henry Clinton, Ethical Culture School, New York, N. Y. [106 E. 85th St.] Hutsinpillar, Neil Charles, Wabash College, Crawfordsville, Ind. Hyde, James Hazen, Paris XVIe, France. [67 Boulevard Lannes] Ichikawa, Sanki, Professor of the English Language and Literature’ Imperial University of Tokio, Tokio, Japan. Imbert, Louis, Assistant Professor of Spanish, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. [508 Hamilton Hall] Jack, William Shaffer, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [1926 Diamond St.] Jackson, Jess Hamilton, Assistant in English, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [269 Huron Ave.] Jackson, Margaret Hastings, Professor of the Italian Language and Litera­ ture, Wellesley College, WeUesley, Mass. [Claflin Hall] Jacob, Cary Franklin, Professor of English Literature, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Va. [Box 111] Jacobs, Ida T., Head of English Department, West High School, Des Moines, la. [732 West 18th St.] von Jagemann, H. C. G., Professor of Germanic Philology, Harvard Univer­ sity, Cambridge, Mass. [113 Walker St.] de Jaive, Edmond M., Professor of Modem Languages and Head of the Department of Spanish, Gulf Park College, Gulfport, Miss. [3709 11th St.] Jameson, Raymond D., Instructor in EngUsh, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [Faculty Exchange] Jameson, Russell Parsons, Professor and Head of the Department of Romanic Languages, Oberlin College, Oberlin, O. [162 S. Cedar Ave.] Janneret, Francois C. A., Associate Professor of French, University of Toronto Toronto, Can. Jenkins, Raymond, Instructor in EngUsh, New York University, New York, N. Y. [2296 Andrews Ave., University Heights] Jenkins, T. Atkinson, Professor of the History of the French Language, University of Chicago, Chicago, IU. [5411 Greenwood Ave.] Jenney, Florence Gertrude, Assistant Professor of EngUsh, RusseU Sage College, Troy, N. Y. Jensen, Gerard Edward, Assistant Professor of EngUsh, Connecticut Col­ lege, New London, Conn. [51 Hall Ave.] Jente, Richard, Assistant Professor of German, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. Jesse, BredeUe, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo. [810 Hillcrest Ave.] Johnson, Carl Wilhelm, Assistant Professor of German, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass. Johnson, Edna, Assistant Professor of EngUsh, Indiana University, Bloom­ ington, Ind. [213 S. Dunn St.] Johnson, Elizabeth F., Head of Modem Language Department, Winthrop College, Rock Hill, S. C. Johnson, Herman Patrick, Associate Professor of English Literature, University of Virginia, University, Va. [Box 164] Johnson, WilUam Savage, Professor of English Literature, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. [1730 Indiana St.] Johnston, Oliver Martin, Professor of Romanic Languages, Leland Stan­ ford Jr. University, Stanford University, Cal. Jonas, Joseph Theodore, Professor of English and Latin, St. Joseph’s College High School, Philadelphia, Pa. [9122 Wayne Ave., Bywood, Pa ] Jones, Cecil Knight, Assistant Professor of Spanish, George Washington University, Washington, D. C. [Library of Congress] Jones, Frederick Mason, Associate Professor of Romanic Languages, Col­ gate University, Hamilton, N. Y. [P.O.Box944] (Onleave; Grenoble, France) Jones, Harry Stuart Vedder, Associate Professor of English, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. Jones, Howard Mumford, Associate Professor of Comparative Literature, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. Jones, John Langdon, Instructor in French, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [“Langhurst,” Roxborough] Jones, Maro Beath, Professor of Romance Languages, Pomona College, Claremont, Calif. Jones, Raymond Watson, Assistant Professor of German, Dartmouth Col­ lege, Hanover, N. H. Jones, Richard Foster, Associate Professor of English, Washington Univer­ sity, St. Louis, Mo. Jones, Virgil Laurens, Professor of English, University of Arkansas, Fayette­ ville, Ark. [728 W. Maple St.] Jones, William Bristow, Head of Department of English, Georgetown Col­ lege, Georgetown, Ky. [Hollyhock Lane.] Jordan, Arthur Carl, Teacher of Languages, Frankford High School, Philadelphia, Pa. Jordan, John Clark, Professor of English and Public Speaking, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Ark. Jordan, Mary Augusta, Professor Emeritus of the English Language and Literature, Smith College. [21 Phillips St., Andover, Mass.] Joyce, Hewette Elwell, Assistant Professor of English, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. [23 N. Main St.] Judson, Adexander Corbin, Professor of English, Indiana University, Bloom­ ington, Ind. [523 East Third St.] Judy, Clinton K., Professor of English, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Cal. Kamman, William F., Assistant Professor of Modern Languages, Carnegie Institute of Technology, Pittsburgh, Pa. [5 Roselawn Terrace] Kanthlener, Henry F., Professor of Romance Languages, Morningside College, Sioux City, Iowa. Kany, Charles Emil, Instructor in Spanish, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [2304 Telegraph Ave.] Kaufman, Paul, Professor of English Literature, American University, Washington, D. C. [2910 R St. N. W.] Kaun, Alexander, Assistant Professor of Russian, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [1405 LeRoy Ave.] Kaye, Frederick B., Assistant Professor of English, Northwestern Univer­ sity, Evanston, Ill. [1222 Elmwood Ave.] Keefe, Agnes M., Instructor in French, University High School, Minneapo­ lis, Minn. Keegen, John Louis C., Assistant Professor of English, Tufts College, Tufts College, Mass. [45 Sawyer Ave.] Keely, Nora Bean, Instructor in English, Woman’s College, University of Delaware, Newark, Del. Keep, Robert Porter, Principal, Miss Porter’s School, Farmington, Conn. Keidel, George Charles, Library of Congress, Washington, D. C. Keith, Oscar L., Professor of Romance Languages, University of South Carolina, Columbia, S. C. [711 Bull St.] Keller, May Lansfield, Professor of English and Dean, Westhampton Col­ lege, University of Richmond, Va. Kellogg, Robert James, Professor of Greek and Linguistics, Oklahoma Baptist University, Shawnee, Okla. [645 N. Park St.] Kelly, Edythe Grace, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. Kelly, John Alexander, Assistant Professor of German, Haverford College, Haverford, Pa. Kelso, Ruth, Instructor in English, University of Illinois, Urbana, 111. [1112 W. Illinois St.] Keniston, Ralph Hayward, Professor of Romance Languages and Litera­ ture, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. [1 East Ave.] Kennedy, Arthur G., Assistant Professor of English Philology, Leland Stan­ ford University. [1527 Waverley St., Palo Alto, Calif.] Kennedy, Charles William, Professor of English, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [66 Battle Road] Kennedy, Mary Stewart, 96 McDonough St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Kenyon, Herbert Alden, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1103 Ferdon Rd.] Kenyon, John Samuel, Professor of the English Language, Hiram College, Hiram, O. Kern, Alfred Allan, Professor of English, Randolph-Macon Woman’s Col­ lege, Lynchburg, Va. Kerr, James, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Converse College, Spartanburg, S. C. Kessler, James, Associate Professor of French, University of Arkansas, Fayette, Ark. Kettle, Sarah I., State Agricultural College, Fort Collins, Colo. Keyes, Charles Reuben, Alumni Professor of the German Language and Literature, Cornell College, Mount Vernon, la. Kiekhofer, Luella E., Teacher of Romance Languages, Miss Harris’ Tutoring School, Chicago, Ill. [1516 Roscoe St.] Kimball, LeRoy Elwood, Bursar, New York University and Graduate Student in English. [32 Waverly Place, New York City] King, Emma Corin, Professor of English, Baylor College, Belton, Tex. King, James Percival, Professor of German, University of Rochester, Rochester, N. Y. King, Paul Charles, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [412 Oak St. S. E.] Kingsland, (Mrs.) Gertrude Southwick, Professor of English Literature and Dean of Women, Ripon College, Ripon Wis. [621 Ransom St.] Kinney, Muriel, Principal, Margaret Hall, Versailles, Ky. Kip, Herbert Z., Professor of German, Connecticut College for Women New London, Conn. Kirkbride, Raymond W., Assistant Professor of Modem Languages and Foreign Study Representative, University of Delaware, Newark, Del. [6 rue Leneveux, Paris, France] Kitchel, Anna Theresa, Assistant Professor of English, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Kittredge, George Lyman, Professor of English Literature, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [8 Hilliard St.] Kittredge, Rupert Earle Loring, Professor of French, Trinity College, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Klaeber, Frederick, Professor of Comparative and English Philology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. Klein, David, Instructor in English, College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Klein, Edna May, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Iowa Wes­ leyan College, Mt. Pleasant, la. [608 So. Marion St., Washington, Iowa] Klein, John F., Associate Professor of Modem Languages, Franklin College, Franklin, Ind. Kleinecke, Mary L., Associate in English, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [6 Nogales St.] von Klenze, Camillo, Professor of the German Language and Literature and Head of the Germanic Dept., College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Kline, Earl Kilbum, Professor of Modem Languages, University of Chat­ tanooga, Chattanooga, Tenn. Klocksiem, Arthur Charles, Assistant Professor of English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Mich. [1109 White St.] Knickerbocker, William Edwin, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, CoUege of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Knickerbocker, William Skinkle, Assistant Professor of English, Head of the Department, New York State CoUege of Forestry at Syracuse Univer­ sity, Syracuse, N. Y. [948 Ackerman Ave.] Knight, Adelaide, Instructor in Spanish, Newcomb College, New Orleans, La. (on leave). [104 15th Ave., Columbus, O.] Knoepfler, John Baptist, Professor and Head of the Department of German, Iowa State Teachers’ College, Cedar Falls, la. [2309 Iowa St.] Knott, Thomas Albert, Professor of English, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. [412 S. Governor St.] Knowlton, A. Heywood, Instructor in French, Dartmouth College, Han­ over, N. H. [13 W. Wheelock St.] Knowlton, Edgar Colby, Associate Professor of English, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, 0. [Ill Montrose Ave.] Knox, Guy Mortimer, Head of French Department, Piedmont High School, Piedmont, Calif. Kobayashi, Atsuo, Professor of English, Imperial University of Tdhoku, Sendai, Japan. [72 Blenheim Garden, Willesden Green, London, N. W. 2, England] Koch, Frederick Henry, Professor of Dramatic Literature, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Kolbe, Parke Rexford, President, Municipal University of Akron, Akron, O. Koller, Armin Hajman, Assistant Professor of German, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [1110 S. 3d St., Champaign, Ill.] Korth, Frances Phelps, (Mrs. Arthur A.), New York City. [1050 Park Ave.] Kotz, Theodore Franklin, Instructor in Modem Languages, Case School of Applied Science, Cleveland, O. [1561 E. 118th St.] Krapp, George Philip, Professor of English, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Krappe, Alexander Haggerty, Professor of Romance Languages, Flat River Junior College, Flat River, Mo. [Box 902] Kressin, Hugo M., Assistant Professor of Spanish, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, S. D. Kroeh, Charles F., Professor of Modern Languages, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, N. J. Kroesch, Samuel, Associate Professor of German, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. Krowl, Harry C., Associate Professor of English, College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Krug, Mrs. Elsie Clark, Instructor in English, Goucher College, Balti­ more, Md. Krumpelmann, John Theodore, Instructor in German, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [33 Conant Hall] Krutch, Joseph Wood, Instructor in English, Polytechnic Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y. [43 Barrow St., New York, N. Y.] Kueny, Francois, J., Associate Professor of French, University of Maine, Orono, Me. Kuhl, Ernest Peter, Professor of English, Goucher College, Baltimore, Md. Kuhne, Julius W., Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Miami University, Oxford, O. Kuhns, Oscar, Professor of Romance Languages, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn. Kullmer, Charles Julius, Professor of German, Syracuse University, Syra­ cuse, N. Y. [505 University Place] Kfimmerle, Katharine, E., Instructor in French and Spanish, Stuyvesant High School, New York City [91 Vernon Ave., Mt. Vernon, N. Y.) Kurath, Hans, Assistant Professor in German, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. [Lunt Library 34] Kurrelmeyer, William, Associate Professor of German, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. [1529 Linden Ave.] Kurtz, Benjamin P., Professor of English, University of California, [59 Santa Clara Ave., Oakland, Cal.] Kurz, Harry, Professor and Head of Department of Romance Languages, Knox College, Galesburg, Hl. Laird, Sarah G., Assistant Professor of English, University of Kansas, Lawrence Kans. [1300 Louisiana St.] Lambert, Mildred E., 5464 Woodlawn Ave., Chicago, Ill. Lambuth, David, Professor of English, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Lancaster, H. Carrington, Professorof French Literature, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. Landrd, Louis, Associate Professor of French, Syracuse University, Syra­ cuse, N. Y. [706 Livingston Ave.] Landrum, Grance Warren, Associate Professor of English, University of Richmond, Richmond, Va. Landry, Mrs. Clara Lewis, Instructor in French, Newcomb College, New Orleans, La. Lawdwehr, Margaret, Head of Modem Language Department, Western State College of Colorado, Gunnison, Colo. [Box 291] Lane, Howard Clinton, Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [36 Ash St.] Lang, Henry R., Professor Emeritus of Romance Philology, Yale Univer­ sity, New Haven, Conn. [176 Yale Station] Langdon, Ida, Associate Professor of English Literature, Elmira College, Elmira, N.Y. [303 N. Main St.] Lange, Carl Frederick Augustus, Professor of German, Smith College, North­ ampton, Mass. Langlard, Henri, Associate in French, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [634 Hobart St.] Langley, Ernest F., Professor of French, Massachusetts Institute of Tech­ nology, Cambridge, Mass. Langworthy, Charles Albert, Assistant Professor of English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1020 Forest Ave.] Lansing, Ruth, Assistant Professor of Spanish, Simmons College, Boston Mass. [53 Crawford St., Roxbury de La Rochelle, Phillippe, Professor of French, Cathedral College; Instruc­ tor in French, Extension Division, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Larsen, Henning, Assistant Professor of English, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. Larsen, William F., Professor of French and Spanish, Crane Junior College, Chicago, Ill. [1315 E. Marquette Road, Jackson Park Station] Larson, Martin A., Assistant Professor of English, Michigan State Normal College, Ypsilanti, Mich. [213 Normal St.] Lathrop, Henry Burrowes, Professor of English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [427 N. Butler St.] Lauer, Edward Henry, Associate Professor of German, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. [411 S. Summit St.] Law, Marie Hamilton, Instructor, School of Liberary Science, Drexel Institute, Philadelphia, Pa. [1016 S. 45th St.] Law, Robert Adger, Professor of English, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. [2614 Salado St.] Lawrence, William Witherle, Professor of English, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Leach, Henry Goddard, 170 E. 64thSt., New York, N.Y. Leach, MacEdward, Instructor in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [College Hall] Learned, Henry Dexter, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Univer­ sity of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Learned, Mary Rebecca, Head of Dept. of Modem Languages, Girls’ High School, Reading, Pa. [416 Green Terrace] Leavenworth, Clarence Eldredge, Professor of Romance Languages and Literatures, Wabash College, Crawfordsville, Ind. Leavitt, Sturgis Elleno, Professor of Spanish, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Lebert; Eugene M., Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa. Lecompte, Irville Charles, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. Le Coq, Jean Pierre, Professor and Head of Department of Romance Languages, Drake University, Des Moines, la. Le Due, Alma de L., Instructor in French, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Lee, Alfred O., Associate Professor of Modem Languages, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [814 Hill St.] Lehman, Benjamin Harrison, Associate Professor of English, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. [29 Mosswood Road] Leisy, Ernest Erwin, Professor of English, Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, Ill. Le Lavandier, Marie H., Instructor in French, Vassar College, Poughkeep­ sie, N. Y. Lensner, Herman Julius, Head of Modem Language Department, Glenville High School, Cleveland, O. [1433 Alameda Ave., Lakewood, 0.] Lenz, Rodolfo, Professor of General Linguistics and Spanish Historical Grammar, Institute Pedagogico, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile. [Casilla 844] Leonard, Arthur Newton, Professor of German, Bates College, Lewiston, Me. [12 Abbott St.] Leonard, Sterling Andrus, Assistant Professor of English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [2230 Van Hise Ave.] Leonard, William Ellery, Assistant Professor of English, University of Wis­ consin, Madison, Wis. Lerando, Leon Zelenka, Assistant Professor of Spanish, Lafayette College; Easton, Pa. [MacKean Hall] Lessing, Otto Eduard, Professor of German, Williams College, Williams­ town, Mass. [25 Park St.] Lesslie, Evelyn Starr, Associate in Spanish, Southern Branch of the Univer­ sity of California, Los Angeles, Cal. [1352 Fairfax Ave.] Letessier, Madeleine, Instructor in French, University of California, South­ ern Branch, Los Angeles, Calif. Leuchs, Fritz A. H., Instructor in German, Extension Division, Columbia University, New York City. [600 E. 164th St.] Levengood, Sidney L., Instructor, Department of Modem Languages Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [Graduate College] L6veque, Ernest J., Instructor in French and Spanish, University of Indiana, Bloomington, Ind. [215 Forest Place] Levi, Moritz, Professor of French, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. (On leave.) [c/o American Express Co., 11 Rue Scribe, Paris, France] Lewis, B. Roland, Professor, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Lewis, Charles Bertram, Lecturer in French Literature and Romance Philol­ ogy, The University, St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland. Lewis, Charles Lee, Assistant Professor of English and History, U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. [41 Southgate Ave.] Lewis, Edwin Herbert Professor of English, and Dean of the Faculty, Lewis Institute, Madison and Robey Sts., Chicago, Ill. Lewis, Glenn M., Instructor in English, Lake Forest College, Lake Forest, Ill. Lewis, Mary Delia, Associate Professor of the English Language and Litera­ ture, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. [34 Kensington Ave.] Leyba, Herman, Curasao, Dutch West Indies. [P. 0. Box 71] Licklider, Albert Harp, Assistant Professor of English Literature, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass. Liddle, A. W., Graduate Student, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. [516 University Ave.] Lieder, Frederick William Charles, Assistant Professor of German, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [37 Dana Chambers] Lieder, Paul Robert, Associate Professor of the English Language and Literature, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. [Plymouth Inn] Lincoln, George Luther, Instructor in Romance Languages, Harvard Univer­ sity, Cambridge, Mass. [2000 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, Mass.] Lindsay, Julian Ira, Assistant Professor of English, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. Lipari, Angelo, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Lister, John Thomas, Professor of Spanish, College of Wooster, Wooster, O. [201 E. Henrietta St.] Little, David Mason, Jr., Assistant in English and Dean of Harvard College, Cambridge, Mass. [14 Craigie St.] Litz, Francis Aloysius, Instructor in English, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. Livingston, Charles H., Professor of Romance Languages, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Me. [17 Federal St.] Lockert, Charles Lacy, Jr., Assistant Professor of English, Kenyon College, Gambier, O. Lockley, Lawrence C., Associate in English, University of California, South­ ern Branch, Los Angeles, Calif. Lockwood, Laura E., Associate Professor of English, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass. Loeb, Charlotte, Professor of French, State College for Teachers, Albany, N. Y. Loggins, Vernon G., Instructor in English, New York University, New York, N. Y. [32 Waverley Place] Loiseaux, Louis Auguste, Associate Professor of French, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Lomax, John Avery, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. Lome, Catherine Caskey, Graduate Student in German, Columbia Uni­ versity, New York City. [Hamilton, N. Y.] Long, Orie William, Assistant Professor of German, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass. Long, Percy Waldron, 91 Trowbridge St., Cambridge, Mass. Longden, Henry Boyer, Professor of the German Language and Literature, De Pauw University, Greencastle, Ind. Longueil, Assistant Professor of English, University of California, Southern Branch, Los Angeles, Calif. [4111 Rosewood Ave.] Loomis, Roger Sherman, Lecturer in English, University Extension Division, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. [37 West 16th St.] L6pez, Manuel Le6n, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio. [106 S. Liberty St.] Lorenz, Charlotte Marie, Assistant Professor of Spanish, Lawrence College, Appleton, Wis. [Ormsby Hall] Lotspeich, Claude Meek, Professor of Comparative Philology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, O. Lovejoy, Arthur 0., Professor of Philosophy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. [827 Park Ave.] Lovell, John Roy, Instructor in French, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N. Y. [1008 E. Adams St.] Lowe, Lawrence Francis Hawkins, Instructor in French, Princeton Univer­ sity, Princeton, N. J. [Graduate College] Lowes, John Livingston, Professor of English, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [984 Charles River Road] de Lowther, Mrs. Maria Lopez, Lecturer in Spanish, University of California, Southern Branch, Los Angeles, Calif. Luebke, William Ferdinand, Professor of English Composition, University of Denver, Denver, Col. [2076 South Fillmore St.] Luker, Benjamin Franklin, Instructor in French, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [915 Sybil St.] Lundeberg, O. K., Instructor in French, University of Minnesota, Minne­ apolis, Minn. [93 Ortin Ave.] Luqiens, Frederick Bliss, Professor of Spanish, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [189 East Rock Road] Lussky, Alfred E., Professor and Head of Department of German, Univer­ sity of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Ark. Lussky, George Frederic, Instructor in German, University of Minnesota, [1233 Carroll Ave., St. Paul, Minn.] Lustrat, Joseph, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Georgia, Athens, Ga. Lyman, William W., St. Helena, Cal. Lynch, Kathleen M., Graduate Student in English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [905 Forest Ave.] Lynch, Samuel Adams, Head of English Department, Iowa State Teachers’ CoUege, Cedar FaUs, la. [421 W. 24th St.] Lynn, Margaret, Professor of EngUsh Literature, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. [707 W. 12th St.] Mabbott, Thomas Ollive, Assistant in English, Columbia University, New York City. [14 Fifth Ave.] Macarthur, John Robertson, Associate Professor of Modern Languages, CaUfomia Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CaUf. McCarter, WiUiam HUI, Instructor in English, Dartmouth CoUege, Hanover, N. H. McCleary, Oscar Wood, Instructor in EngUsh, University of Tenneessee, KnoxviUe, Tenn. [712 W. Main St.] McCleUand, George William, Assistant Professor of English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [College HaU] MacClintock, Lander, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. MacClintock, William D., Professor of English, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [5629 University Ave.] McClure, Norman Ecbert, Professor of English, Pennsylvania Military College, Chester, Pa. MacCracken, Henry Noble, President of Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. McCullough, Bruce W., Professor of English, University of Chattanooga, Chattannoga, Tenn. McCully, Bruce, Professor of English, Pomona College, Claremont, Calif. McCurdy, Joseph Alexander, Jr., Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. [108 Alumni Hall] McCutcheon, Roger Philip, Professor of English, Wake Forest College, Wake Forest, N. C. MacDonald, Wilbert L., Associate Professor of English, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C. [2446 6th Ave. W.] McFarlane, Ida Kruse, Maty Lowe Dickinson Professor of English, Univer­ sity of Denver, Denver, Colo. McGuire, Thomas A., Instructor in French, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [906 E. Huron St.] McHale, Charles F., Chief Spanish Editor of the International Educa­ tional Publishing Co., Madrid, Spain. [Claudio Coello, 72] McIntyre, Clara Frances, Professor of English, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyo. [1001 Custer St.] Mack, Jesse Floyd, Associate Professor of English, Oberlin College, Oberlin, O. [168 E. College St.] Mack, William Harrison, Instructor in English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [813 E. Kingsley Ave.] Mackall, Leonard Leopold, Hon. Member, Georgia Historical Society, Foreign Member, Bibliographical Society of London, c/o Lawton & Cunningham, Savannah, Georgia. McKee, Wilbur Waylor, Instructor in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [College Hall] McKeehan, Irene P., Associate Professor of English, University of English, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colo. MacKellar, Walter, Blauvelt, N. Y. Mackensen, Paul J., Professor of the German Language and Literature, Capital University, Columbus, O. [772 Pleasant Ridge Ave.] McKenzie, Kenneth, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. Mackenzie, William Roy, Professor of English, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. McKibben, George Fitch, Professor of Romance Languages, Emeritus, Denison University. [2033 Calvin Cliff, W. H., Cincinnati, O.] McKillop, Alan Dugald, Instructor in English, The Rice Institute, Houston, Tex. Mackimmie, Alexander Anderson, Professor of French, Massachusetts Agricultural College, North Amherst, Mass. McKnight, George Harley, Professor of English, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. McLaughlin, William Aloysius, Associate Professor of French, University of Michigan, Arm Arbor, Mich. [1116 Ferdon Road] McLean, Charlotte Frelinghuysen, Teacher of Latin and English, Mrs. Don’s School, Briarcliff Manor, N. Y. McLeod, Malcolm, Professor and Head of Department of English, Carnegie Institute of Technology, Pittsburgh, Pa. Macleod, William Robert, Graduate Student in English, Harvard Univer­ sity. [303 E. 206th St., New York City] McLucas, John Sherwood, Professor of English, University of Colorado, Boulder, Col. [775 14th St.] MacMillan, William D., 3d, Instructor in English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. McMillen, Olin Wright, Instructor in English, Union Middle School, Can­ ton, China. McMullen, Jennie M., Teaching Fellow in Spanish, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. MacNeal, Charles Stuart, Graduate Student, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [1683 Cambridge St.] MacNeill, Annie Mary, Associate Professor of English, Denison University, Granville, O. McPhee, Marguerite Cameron, Assistant Professor of English, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. [The Orlo, 14th and K Sts.] McPheeters, William Emmett, Professor of English Literature, Lawrence College, Appleton, Wis. [443 Alton St.] McSparran, Dorothy, Assistant in English, University of Illinois, Urbana, Hl. [306 S. Lincoln Ave.] MacVeagh, Lincoln, Editorial Director, Henry Holt & Co., 19 W. 44th St., New York City. Madison, Elisa Gertrude, Assistant Professor of English, University of the Philippines, Los Bafios, P. I. Magoun, Francis Peabody, Jr., Cambridge, Mass. [45 Winthrop St.] Malakis, Emile, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [College HaU] Mal&ot, Gaston Louis, Professor of Romance Languages, Washington and Jefferson CoUege, Washington, Pa. Mallory, Herbert Samuel, Assistant Professor of Rhetoric, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [Washtenaw Road] Malone, Kemp, Assistant Professor of English, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [215 Folwell Hall] Manchester, Paul Thomas, Assistant Professor of Spanish, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn. [Central Apts., Vanderbilt Campus] Mandell, Max S., Instructor in Slavic Languages, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [1818 Yale Station] Manly, John Matthews, Professor and Head of the Department of Eng­ lish, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Mann, Albert, Jr., Professor of Romance Languages, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn. Mann, Elizabeth Lois, Assistant in English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Manning, Clarence Augustus, Instructor in Slavonic Languages, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Manning, Helen E., Teacher of French, University Extension Department, Columbia University, New York City. [712 W. Gray St., Elmira, N. Y.] Manser, Ruth Baldock, Lecturer in English, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York City. Manthey-Zorn, Otto, Professor of German, Amherst College, Amherst, Mass. Mantz, Harold Elmer, Instructor in Romance Languages, Columbia Univer­ sity, New York City. Manwaring, Elizabeth Wheeler, Assistant Professor of English Composition, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass. Mapes, Erwin Kempton, Professor of Romance Languages, Cornell College, Mt. Vernon, la. Marden, Charles Carroll, Professor of Spanish, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. Marinoni, Antonio, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Arkan­ sas, Fayetteville, Ark. Marlow, Kyle Fayette, Instructor in French, Grinnell College, Grinnell, la. [1409 Main St.] Marquardt, Carl Eugene, The College Examiner, Associate Professor of French, Pennsylvania State College, State College, Pa. [109 S. Ather­ ton St.] Marsh, George B., Associate in Spanish, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. Marsh, George Linnaeus, Extension Associate Professor of English, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Marshburn, Joseph Hancock, Assistant Professor of English, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla. [486 Elm St.] Martin, Henry M., Associate in Romance Languages, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [1118 W. California Ave.] Martin, Olive Kay, Instructor in Romance Languages, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. [6 Liberal Arts Building] Martin, Robert Grant, Associate Professor of English. [12 Beacon St., Redlands, Cal.] Marvin, Robert B., First Assistant of the Modem Language Dept., Com­ mercial High School, Brooklyn, N. Y. [826 Marcy Ave.] Mason, James Frederick, Professor of Romance Language and Literatures, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Matthews, Brander, Professor of Dramatic Literature (English), Colum­ bia University, New York, N. Y. [337 W. 87th St.] Matthews, William Erwart, Instructor in English, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo. [216 Jesse Hall] Maxfield, Ezra Kempton, Professor of English Language and Literature, Washington and Jefferson CoUege, Washington, Pa. [500 Locust Ave.] Maxwell, Baldwin, Instructor in English, The Rice Institute, Houston, Tex. Mayfield, George Radford, Associate Professor of German, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn. Maynadier, Gustavus Howard, Instructor in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [Ware HaU] Maynard, WilUam Doty, Instructor in Romance Languages, Dartmouth CoUege, Hanover, N. H. Mead, Gi’bert W., Professor of English, Westminster CoUege, New Wil­ mington, Pa. Mead, Marian, Uppermead, Rathfamham, Skyland, N. C. Mead, WUliam Edward, Professor of the English Language, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn. Meader, Clarence Linton, Professor of General Linguistics, in charge of instruction in Russian, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1941 Geddes Ave.] Meixell, Louise Granville Henry, Graduate Student in EngUsh, Columbia University, New York City. [540 W. 122nd St.] Melton, Wightman Fletcher, Senior Professor of EngUsh, Emory University, Ga. MendenhaU, John C., Assistant Professor of EngUsh, University of Penn­ sylvania, PhUadelphia, Pa. [CoUege HaU] Menner, Robert James, Assistant Professor of EngUsh, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [827 Yale Station] Mensel, Ernst Heinrich, Professor of Germanic Languages and Literatures, Smith CoUege, Northampton, Mass. Meras, Albert A., Associate Professor of French, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York City. Miras, Edmond Albert, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Western University, London, Ont. Mercier, Louis Joseph Alexander, Assistant Professor of French, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [7 Trowbridge St.] Meredith, J. A., Instructor in Romanic Languages, University of Pennsyl­ vania, PhUadelphia, Pa. [CoUege HaU] MerriU, LeRoy, Instructor, Kafer House, LawrenceviUe School, Lawrence­ ville, N. J. Merrill, Madre, Instructor in Romance Languages, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. [324 S. Fess Ave.] Merrill, R. March, Professor of Romance Languages, Texas Chris­ tian University, Fort Worth, Tex. Merrill, Robert Valentine, Instructor in French, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Merriman, Prudence, Teaching Fellow in the Department of Romance Languages, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [621 Sth Ave., S. E.] Merritt, Roland Ellsworth, Professor and Head of Department of English, Iowa Wesleyan College, Mt. Pleasant, la. [310 N. Main St.] Merry, Glenn Newton, Professor and Head of Department of Speech, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. Merten, Horace George, Instructor in English, State College of Washington, Pullman, Wash. Mesick, Jane Louise, Assistant Dean of Simmons College, Boston, Mass. Metcalf, John Calvin, Professor of English Literature, University of Vir­ ginia, University, Va. Metivier, James, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Clark Univer­ sity, Worcester, Mass. [Box 140, Cambridge, Mass. 38] M6tivier, Marguerite, Assistant Professor of French, Wheaton College, Norton, Mass. Metzenthin, Ernst C. P., Instructor in Germanics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Michaud, Gustave Louis, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1346 Geddes Ave.] Michaud, R6gis, Professor of French, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [2820 Garber St.] Miles, Louis Wardlaw, Head Master, The Gilman Country School, Roland Park, Md. Miller, Anna Irene, Assistant Professor of English, Goucher College, Balti­ more, Md. [2006 Mount Royal Terrace] Miller, Charles Roger Donohue, Graduate Student in Romance Languages, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [301 Craigie Hall] Miller, Ernest Carl, Professor of German, Transylvania College, Lexington, Ky. Miller, John R., Assistant Professor of French and Spanish, West Virginia University, Morgantown, W. Va. [563 Front St.] Miller, Meta Helena, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, North Carolina College for Women, Greensboro, N. C, Miller, Haymond Durbin, Rockland Farm, Fallston, Md. Miller, Walther Martin, Instructor in German, Concordia College, Fort Wayne, Ind. [1126 Barr St.] Millikin, Helen Louise, Instructor in English, High School, Atlantic High­ lands, N. J. [419 N. Broom St., Wilmington, Del.] Mills, Laurens Joseph, Instructor in English, Indiana University, Blooming­ ton, Ind. Mindil, Clinton, Instructor in English, New York University, New York City. [University Heights] Mitchell, Robert McBumey, Assistant Professor of Germanic Languages and Literatures, Brown University, Providence, R. I. [90 Congdon St.] Mitrani, Charles, Instructor in Romance Languages, West Virginia Univer­ sity, Morgantown, W. Va. [Box 266] Moffatt, J. S. Jr., Assistant Professor of English, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va. Mohme, Erwin, Theodor, Instructor in German, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Molina, Lorios Felipe, Associate Professor of Spanish, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio. Moll, Ernest George, Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [16 Wendell St.] Molt, Philip M., Instructor in Modern Languages, U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. Montgomery, Guy, Assistant Professor of English and Assistant Dean of the Summer Session, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. [Ill Shasta St.] Moore, Alexander Parks, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Rochester, Rochester, N. Y. Moore, Clarence King, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Rochester, Rochester, N. Y. Moore, Frank Hale, Instructor in English, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyo. Moore, Frederic W., Assistant Professor of English, College of Wooster, Wooster, 0. [360 E. Bowman St.] Moore, Grace Edna, Graduate Student in English, University of Pennsyl­ vania Philadelphia, Pa. Moore, John Brooks, Instructor in English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. Moore, John Robert, Associate Professor of English, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. Moore, Olin Harris, Professor of Romance Languages, Ohio State Univer­ sity, Columbus, O. Moore, Robert Webber, Professor of the German Language and Literature, Colgate University, Hamilton, N. Y. Moore, Samuel, Associate Professor of English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1503 Cambridge Road] Moraud, Marcel, Associate Professor of French, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. [321 Roehampton Ave.] More, Robert Pattison, Assistant Professor of German, Lehigh University, South Bethlehem, Pa. Morehouse, Andrew Richmond, Graduate Student in Romance Languages, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. Moreno-Lacalle, Julian, Professor and Head of the Department of Spanish, and Dean of the Spanish School, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vt. Morgan, Bayard Quincy, Associate Professor of German, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [1522 Chandler St.] Morgan, Charlotte E., Instructor in English, Mrs. Randall-Mclver’s Classes (Miss Davidge’s Classes), New York, N. Y. [1173 Bushwick Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.] Morize, Andre, Assistant Professor of French Literature, Harvard Univer­ sity, Cambridge, Mass. [145 Widener Library] Morley, Christopher, Editorial Staff, N. Y. Evening Post, 20 Vesey St., New York City. Morley, Sylvanus Griswold, Professor of Spanish, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [2635 Etna St.] Morrill; Dorothy Isabella, Associate Professor of English, Hood College, Frederick, Md. Morris, Amos Reno, Department of Rhetoric, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [225 N. 7th St.] Morris, George Davis, Professor of French, Indiana University, Blooming­ ton, Ind. [902 E. Third St.] Morris, Helen Muriel, 4800 Drexel Boulevard, Chicago, Ill. Morris, John, Professor of Germanic Languages, University of Georgia, Athens, Ga. Moseley, Thomas Addis Emmet, Professor of Romance Languages, The Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Va. [50 Parade] Mosher, John Chapin, Instructor in English, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. [2011 Orrington Ave.] Mott, Lewis F., Professor of the English Language and Literature, College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Moyse, Charles Ebenezer, Vice-Principal Emeritus and Emeritus Dean of the Faculty of Arts, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. [324 Sherbrooke St., W.] Mukhopadhyay, Rama Prasad, Fellow Calcutta University, Bhowanipur, Calcutta, India. [77 Russa Road, N.] Mulfinger, George Abraham, Professor of English, Heidelberg University, Tiffin, O. Muller, Henri F., Assistant Professor of French, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Muller, Otto, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [College Hall] Munn, James Buell, Assistant Professor of English, Washington Sq. College, New York University, New York, N. Y. [32 Waverley Place] Mufioz-Penalver, Jose, Foreign Language School of J. T. G., Tokyo, Japan. Murch, Herbert Spencer, Assistant Professor, Preceptor in English, Prince­ ton University, Princeton, N. J. [6 A Holder Hall] Murdock, Kenneth Ballard, Graduate Student in English, Harvard Univer­ sity, Cambridge, Mass. [75 Fayerweather St.] Murray, Chester, Professor of French, Ohio Wesleyan University, Dela­ ware, O. Murray, John Tucker, Assistant Professor of English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [51 Highland St.] Murray, William Henry, Professor of French, Amos Tuck School, Dart­ mouth College, Hanover, N. H. Musser, Paul Howard, Instructor in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [832 Wynnewood Road] Muyskens, John Henry, Instructor in French, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1804 Jackson Ave.] Myers, Clara Louise, Professor of English, College for Women, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. Myers, Doris, Graduate Student in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [Sergeant Hall, 120 S. 34th St.] Myrick, Arthur Beckwith, Professor of Romance Languages and Litera­ tures, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. [43 S. Prospect St.] Myrick, Kenneth Orne, Instructor in English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [813 E. Kingsley St.] Napier, Frances E., Instructor in English, Lake Forest College, Lake Forest, IU. Nardin, F. Louise, Dean of Women, Assistant Professor of EngUsh, Univer­ sity of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [Lathrop Hall] Nason, Arthur Huntington, Professor of English and Director of the Univer­ sity Press, New York University, Instructor in English, Union Theo­ logical Seminary, New York, N. Y. [P. 0. Box 84, University Heights] Naylor. Louis Hastings, Graduate Student in Romance Languages, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. [Box 394] Neef, Francis J. A., Assistant Professor of German, Dartmouth CoUege, Hanover, N. H. Neer, Imcgene, Instructor in EngUsh, Teachers CoUege, Columbia Univer­ sity, New York City. [525 West 120th St.] Neff, Theodore Lee, Associate Professor of French, University of Chicago, Chicago, III. Neil, Charles Henry, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, T. H. Neilson, William Allan, President of Smith College, Northampton, Mass. Nethercot, Arthur Hobart, Instructor in English, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. [2020 Sherman Ave.] Nettleton, George Henry, Professor of English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [570 Prospect St.J Neuen-Schwander, Elise, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kans. [1324 Louisiana St.] Neumann, Joshua H., Teacher of English, Boys High School, Brooklyn, N. Y. [288 Ryerson St.] Newberry, John Strong, Instructor in English and History, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. Newcomer, Charles Berry, 1083 27th St., Des Moines, la. Newdick, Robert S., 415 S. Ohio Ave., Columbus, Ohio. Newlin, Claude M., Instructor in English, University of Akron, Akron, O. Newport, Mrs. Clara Price, Professor of German, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pa. Newton, Walter R., Professor of the German Language and Literature, Rutgers College and the University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, N. J. [39 College Ave.] Nichols, Charles Washburn, Assistant Professor of English, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. Nichols, Edwin Bryant, Professor of Romance Languages, DePauw Univer­ sity, Greencastle, Ind. [707 E. Seminary St.] Nicolson, Marjorie Hope, Assistant Professor of English, Goucher College, Baltimore, Md. [Box 284] Ninde, George Falley, Graduate Student in English, University of Pennsyl­ vania. [336 W. Miner St., Westchester, Pa.] Nitchie, Elizabeth, Assistant Professor of English, Goucher College, Balti­ more, Md. Nitze, William Albert, Professor and Head of the Department of Romance Languages, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [1220 E. 56th St.] Noble, Charles, Professor Emeritus of English, Grinnell College, Grin­ nell, la. [1110 West St.] Nolle, Alfred Henry, Professor of Modem Languages and Dean of the Faculty, Southwest Texas State Normal College, San Marcos, Tex. Nollen, John S., Dean and Professor of Romance Literature, Grinnell College, Grinnell, la. Norman, Hilda Laura, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Norris, Walter Blake, Associate Professor of English, U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. [Wardour] Northrop, George Norton, Headmaster, The Brearley School, 60 E. 61st St., New York, N. Y. Northup, Clark Sutherland, Professor of English, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. [407 Elmwood Ave.] Northup, George Tyler, Professor of Spanish Literature, University of Chicago, Chicago, III. Norton, Winifred Quincy, Instructor in English Literature, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass. Noss, Mary Theodora, Professor of French, Ohio University, Athens, O. [48 University Terrace] Noyes, Atherton, Instructor in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [134 Brattle St.] Noyes, Edward Simpson, Instructor in English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn, [755 Orange St.] Noyes, George Rapall, Professor of Slavic Languages, University of Califor­ nia, Berkeley, Cal. [1434 Greenwood Terrace] Noyes, Helen M., Instructor in English, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. [54 Prospect St.] Nugent, Homer Heath, Assistant Professor of English, Rensselaer Poly­ technic Institute, Troy, N. Y. Nunemaker, J. Horace, Assistant Professor of Modem Languages, Denison University, Granville, O. Nykerk, John Bemardes, Professor of English Language and Literature, Hope College, Holland, Mich. Nykl, Alois Richard, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, North­ western University, Evanston, Ill. [720 Foster St.] Ober, Caroline Haven, Professor of Spanish, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. O’Conor, Norreys Jephson, Associate Professor of English Literature, Mt. Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass. Odebrecht, August, Associate Professor of Modem Languages, Denison University, Granville, O. [Box 365] Odell, George C. D., Professor of English, Columbia University, New York N. Y. Odell, Ruth, Instructor in English, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. [Station A.] Ogden, Phillip, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, O. O’Leary, Raphael Dorman, Professor of English, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. [1106 Louisiana St.] Oliver, Thomas Edward, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [1004 W. California Ave.] Olivieri, Umberto, 2808 Garber St., Berkeley, Cal. Olmsted, Everett Ward, Professor and Head of the Department of Romance Languages, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [2727 Lake of the Isles Blvd.] Orbeck, Anders, Instructor in English, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. [736 West 173rd St.] Ortega, Joaquin, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [The University Club] Osborne, James Insley, Professor of the English Language and Literature, Wabash CoUege, CrawfordsvUle, Ind. Osgood, Charles Grosvenor, Professor of English, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [92 Stockton St.] Osina, Jose M., Associate Professor of Hispanic Languages and Literatures, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kan. [1700 Louisiana St.] Osthaus, Carl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Professor of German, Indiana Univer­ sity, Bloomington, Ind. [417 S. Fess Ave.] O’Sullivan, Mary Isabel, Graduate Student in EngUsh, Bryn Mawr CoUege, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Otis, WiUiam Bradley, Assistant Professor of EngUsh, CoUege of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. [504 W. 112th St.] Ott, John Henry, Professor of the English Language and Literature, North­ western CoUege, Watertown, Wis. Owen, Arthur LesUe, Professor of Spanish, Chairman of the Department of Hispanic Languages and Literatures, University of Kansas, Law­ rence, Kas. [1702 Massachusetts St.] Owen, Daniel Edward, Assistant Professor of English, University of Penn­ sylvania, PhUadelphia, Pa. [322 S. 43d St.] Owen, Edward Thomas, Professor Emeritus of French and Linguistics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [614 State St.] Owen, Ralph Woodland, Eau Claire, Wis. [1501 State St,.] Owens, James Newton, Professor of Modem Languages, Oklahoma Baptist University, Shawnee, Okla. Padelford, Frederick Morgan, Professor of EngUsh, University of Washing­ ton, Seattle, Wash. [University Station] Padfn, Jose, Spanish Editor in charge of Latin-American Department, D. C. Heath & Co., 231-241 W. 39th St., New York, N. Y. Page, Curtis Hidden, Professor of the English Language and Literature, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Paine, Donald Arthur, Head of the Spanish Department, Lakewood High School, Lakewood, Cleveland, O. Paine, Henry GaUup, Treasurer, Simplified Spelling Board, New York, N. Y. [56 Prospect Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.] Palfrey, Thomas Rossman, Instructor in Romance Languages, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. [825 E. Hunter St.] Palmblad, Harry Victor Emmanuel, Professor of the French Language and Literature, PhiUips University, Enid, Okla. Palmer, Earle Fenton, Associate Professor of English, CoUege of the City of New York, N. Y. [828 St. Nicholas Ave.] Palmer, PhUip Mason, Professor of German, Lehigh University, South Bethlehem, Pa. Panaroni, Alfred G., Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, CoUege of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Pancoast, Henry Spaceman, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. [Spring Lane] Pardee, Charlotte C., Instructor in French and English, North Adams High School, North Adams, Mass. [392 Church St.] Pargment, Michael S., Instructor in French, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1140 Forest Ave.] Parisi, Vincent G., Instructor in Romance Languages, College of Liberal Arts, Boston University, Boston, Mass. [688 Boylston St.] Park, Clyde William, Professor of English, College of Engineering and Commerce, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, O. Parker, Eugene Fred, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Univer­ sity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. Parker, Roscoe E., Secretary of the Committee on Subject A, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [2905 Dwight Way] Parks, George B., Instructor in English, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. Parmenter, Clarence Edward, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Chicago, Chicago, DI. Parrott, Thomas Marc, Professor of English, Princeton University, Prince­ ton, N. J. Parry, John Jay, Associate in English, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [301 University Hall] Passarelli, Luigi A., Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Ark. Patch, Howard Rollin, Associate Professor of English, Smith College, North­ ampton, Mass. [4 Barrett Place] Paton, Lucy Allen, c/o Morgan, Harjes & Co., 14 Place Venddme, Paris, France. Patrick, George Zinorei, Assistant Professor of French and Russian, Univer­ sity of California, Berkeley, Calif. [Faculty Club] Patterson, Arthur Sayles, Professor of French, Syracuse University, Syra­ cuse, N. Y. [415 University Place] Patterson, Frank Allen, Associate Professor of English, Columbia Univer­ sity, New York, N. Y. Patterson, Shirley Gale, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Dart­ mouth College, Hanover, N. H. Patton, Julia, Professor of English, Russell Sage College, Troy, N. Y. Paul, Harry Gilbert, Professor of the Teaching of English, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [713 W. Oregon St.] Paxton, Jessie Kirkland, Santa Anna, Cal. [121 S. Ross St.] Payette, Charles Theodore, Teacher of French, Teachers College, Madison, S. D. [P. O. Box 589] Payne, Leonidas Warren, Jr., Professor of English, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. [2104 Pearl St.] Pearson, Alfred John, Professor and Head of Department of German, Drake University, Des Moines, la. [2841 Brattleboro Ave.] Peck, Walter Edwin, Professor of English, College of Wooster, Wooster, O. [521 N. Buckeye St.] Peebles, Rose Jeffries, Associate Professor of English, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Pekary, Charlotte Helen, Instructor in German, New York University (Washington Square College), New York City. Pelissier, Adeline, Associate Professor of French, Goucher College, Balti­ more, Md. [2000 Mt. Royal Terrace] Pellet, Eleanor J., Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Carleton College, Northfield, Minn. Pendleton, Charles Sutphin, Professor of the Teaching of English, George Peabody College for Teachers, Nashville, Tenn. Penniman, Josiah Haemar, Vice-Provost, Professor of English Literature, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [4326 Sansom St.] Percival, Milton, Assistant Professor of English, Ohio State University, Columbus, 0. Perkins, Mary Hallowell, Professor of English, University of Oregon, Eugene, Ore. Perkins, Ruth, Professor of German, Wilson College, Chambersburg, Pa. Perrin, Marshall Livingston, Professor of Germanic Languages, Boston University, Boston, Mass. [688 Boylston St.] Perry, Aaron J., Assistant Professor of English, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. Perry, Bliss, Professor of English Literature, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [5 Clement Circle] Perry, Frances Melville, Professor of Composition and Rhetoric, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz. Perry, Henry Ten Eyck, Assistant Professor of English, Yale University New Haven, Conn. [1812 Yale Station] Perry, Wilbur Dow, Professor of English, Birmingham-Southern College, Birmingham, Ala. Peters, Walter August, Instructor in English, Pomona College, Claremont, Cal. [6910 Madison Ave. N. W7., Cleveland, O.] Peterson, Frederick William, Instructor in Rhetoric, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Mich. [1610 Washtenaw Ave], Peterson, Roy Merle, Professor of Spanish and Italian, University of Maine, Orono, Me. Pettengill, Ray Waldron, Professor of Latin and German, Head of Language Department, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, N. Y. Pettigrew, Bessie, 203 Broad Ave., Flandreau, S. D. Phelps, Ruth Shepard, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Univer­ sity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. Phelps, William Lyon, Professor of English Literature, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. Phillipp, Louis Samuel, Chief of Department of German, Georgetown Col­ lege, Georgetown, Ky. Philpott, Grace M., Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. [415 Park Ave.] Phinney, Chester Squire, Preceptor of Modem Languages, Culver Academy, Culver, Ind. Pierce, Frederick Erastus, Assistant Professor of English, Sheffield Scientific School, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. de Pierpont, Arthur, Head of the Department of Romance Languages, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N. Y. Place, Edwin B., Associate Professor of Romance Languages, University of Colorado, Boulder, Col. [876 15th St.] Plimpton, George A., Ginn & Co., 70 Fifth Ave., New York, N. Y. Poll, Max, Professor of German, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio. Pollock, Christina Mina, Instructor in French, High School, Fargo, N. D. [210 8th St. S.] Pope, Paul Russel, Professor of German, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Porter, Katherine Harriet, Instructor in English, College for Women, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. Porterfield, Allen Wilson, Professor of German, Randolph-Macon Woman’s College, Lynchburg, Va. Potter, Albert Knight, Professor of English, Brown University, Providence, R. I. [212 Waterman St.] Potter, George Reuben, Instructor in English, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. [Graduate Club] Potts, Abbie Findlay, Instructor in English, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Pound, Louise, Professor of the English Language, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. [1632 L St.] Powell, Chilton Latham, Associate Professor of English, Amherst CoUege, Amherst, Mass. PoweU, Nellie Virginia, Associate Professor of English, Randolph-Macon Woman’s CoUege, Lynchburg, Va. Prenez, Blanche, Instructor in French, Barnard CoUege, Secretary of the Maison Franjaise, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. [411 W. 117th St.] Preston, Ethel, French Department, University High School, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [2320 Indiana Ave.] Prettyman, CorneUus WiUiam, Professor of German, Dickinson CoUege, Carlisle, Pa. Price, Lawrence, M., Assistant Professor of German, University of Califor­ nia, Berkeley, Cal. [2404 Cedar St.] Priest, George Madison, Professor of Germanic Languages and Liter­ atures, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. Prodoehl, Austin, Professor and Head of Department of Modem Languages, Birmingham-Southern College, Birmingham, Ala. Prokosch, Eduard, Associate Professor of German, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Protzman, Merle I., Instructor in Romance Languages, George Washington University, Washington, D. C. Provost, Antonio J., Professor of Romance Languages and French Liter­ ature, University of Denver, Denver, Colo. [University Park] Pugh, Anne R., Professor of French, Wells College, Aurora-on-Cayuga, N. Y. Pugh, William Leonard, Professor of English, Wofford College, Spartan­ burg, S. C. [141 College Place] Pumpelly, Laurence, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages and Liter­ atures, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Purcell, Margaret A., World Book Co., Yonkers, N. Y. Purin, Charles Maltador, Lecturer in German, Hunter College, New York City. [68th St. and Lexington Ave.] Pyre, James Francis Augustin, Professor of English, University of Wiscon­ sin, Madison, Wis. Quick, Kathrina Cobleigh (Mrs. Geo. W. Quick), Instructor in French, Furman University, Greenville, S. C. [316 W. McBee Ave.] Quimby, Ernest Scott, Teacher of English, Evander Childs High School, New York, N. Y. [244 E. 86th St.] Quinn, Arthur Hobson, Professor of English University of Pennsylvania,, Philadelphia, Pa. [401 Pembroke Rd., Cynwyd, Pa.] Quivey, Lynn A., Associate Professor of English, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Racer, Marion Milton, Assistant Professor of Modern Languages, Franklin College, Franklin, Ind. Rachael, Sister M., Professor of English, College of Saint Teresa, Winona, Minn. Ramey, Robert, Assistant Professor of English, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla. [540 Lahoma Ave.] Ramsay, Robert Lee, Professor of English, University of Missouri, Colum­ bia, Mo. [1320 Wilson Ave.] Rand, Albert E., Instructor in French, Brown University, Providence, R. I. Randolph, Charles Brewster, Professor of German, Clark University Worcester, Mass. Rankin, James Walter, Associate Professor of English, University of Mis­ souri, Columbia, Mo. [311 Thilly Ave.] Ransmeier, John Christian, Assistant Professor in Romance Dept., Junior College School of Education, University of Chicago, Chicago, IU. [5524 Kimbark Ave.] Ransom, John Crowe, Assistant Professor of English, Vanderbilt University, NashviUe, Tenn. [1610 17th Ave. S.] Raschen, John Frederick Louis, Head of the Department of Modem Lan­ guages, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. Rathke, Walter Robert, Graduate Student in Modem Languages, Univer­ sity of Chicago, Chicago, IU. [Box 262] Ratti, Gino A., Professor and Head of Department of Romance Languages, Butler CoUege, Indianapolis, Ind. [142 Spencer Ave.] Raven, Anton Adolph, Assistant Professor of EngUsh, Dartmouth College Hanover, N. H. Raymond, Frederic Newton, Professor of EngUsh, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. [808 IUinois St.] Raymond, Mary Lois, Professor of Romance Languages, EvansviUe CoUege, EvansviUe, Ind. [1030 S. Second St.] Raymond, WilUam Ober, Assistant Professor of EngUsh Literature, Univer­ sity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1317 Forest Court] Rea, John Dougan, Professor of English, Miami University, Oxford, O. |114 East Church St.] Read, WUliam A., Professor of the EngUsh Language and Literature, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, La. [344 Napoleon St.] Reed, Albert Granberry, Professor of EngUsh Literature, in charge of the Department of Comparative Literature, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, La. [658 Boyd Ave.] Reed, Amy Louise, Associate Professor of English, Vassar College, Pough­ keepsie, N. Y. Reed, Edward Bliss, Assistant Professor of English Literature, Yale Univer­ sity, New Haven, Conn. [Yale Station] Reed, Frank Otis, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Reed, Katharine M., Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Municipal University, Akron, O. Reed, WilUam HoweU, Assistant Professor of Modem Languages, Tufts CoUege, Tufts CoUege, Mass. [P. O. Box 54] Reeves, Jeremiah Bascom, Professor of English, Westminster College, Fulton, Mo. Reeves, William Peters, Professor of the English Language and Literature, Kenyon CoUege, Gambier, O. Reid, EUsabeth, Professor of EngUsh, Huron CoUege, Huron, S. D. [547 Nebraska St.] Rein, Orestes Pearle, Professor of Modern Languages, Lenoir College, Hick­ ory, N. C. Reinhard, John Revell, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Univer­ sity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1030 Oakland Ave.] Reinhardt, Aurelia Henry, President of Mills College, Mills College, Calif. Reinsch, Frank Herman, Professor of German, University of Redlands, Redlands, Cal. [1500 W. Olive Ave.] Remy, Arthur Frank Joseph, Associate Professor of Germanic Philology, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Rendtorff, Karl Gustav, Professor of German, Stanford University, Cal. Rey, Ernest, Professor of Romance Languages, Iowa Wesleyan College, Mt. Pleasant, la. [Box 311.] Reynolds, George Fullmer, Professor of English Literature, University of Colorado, Boulder, Col. [1220 Grand View] Reynolds, Horace Mason, Graduate Student in English, Harvard Univer­ sity, Cambridge, Mass. [304 Fairfax Hall] Rhoads, Howard Garrett, Instructor in English, College of Wooster, Wooster, O. Rice, John Pierrepont, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass. Rice, Richard Ashley, Professor of English Literature, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. Richards, Alfred Emest, Professor of English Literature, New Hampshire State College, Durham, N. H. Richards, William, Instructor in English, New York University, Washing­ ton Square College, New York City. [Box 50, Ettingville, S. I., New York] Richardson, Caroline Francis, Assistant Professor of English, Counselor to Women, Newcomb College, New Orleans, La. Richardson, Henry Brush, Instructor in French, Sheffield Scientific School, Yale University. [34 Atwater Ave., Derby, Conn.] Richardson, Lula McDowell, Graduate Student in Romance Languages, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. [1102 Brentford Ave.] Rickert, Edith, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Riddell, Agnes Rutherford, Professor and Head of Department of Romance Languages, Wheaton College, Norton, Mass. Riddle, Lawrence M., Professor of the French Language and Literature, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Cal. Ridenour, Harry Lee, Professor of English, Baldwin-Wallace College, Berea, 0. [326 Front St.] Riley, Edgar Heisler, Assistant in English, University, of Illinois, Urbana Ill. Rinaker, Clarissa, Assistant Professor of English, University of Illinois, Urbana, Hl. [908 Nevada St.J Ristine, Frank Humphrey, Professor of the English Language and Litera­ ture, Hamilton College, Clinton, N. Y. Robbins, Harry Wolcott, Professor of English, Bucknell University, Lewis­ burg, Pa. Robert, Osmund T., Professor of French, Smith College, North­ ampton, Mass. [29 Kensington Ave.] Roberts, Donald A., Instructor in English, College of the City of New York, N. Y. Roberts, Morris, Instructor in English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [803 State St.] Robertson, Stuart, Assistant Professor of English, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa. Robinson, Fred Norris, Professor of English, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [Longfellow Park] Robinson, Gertrude Lucile, Instructor in English, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. [Worthington, O.] Roche, Charles Edouard, Instructor in French and Spanish, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. [249 Pearl St.] Rockwell, Leo L., Professor of German and English, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pa. Rockwood, Robert Everett, Assistant Professor and Acting Head of the Department of Romance Languages, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. [209 Hayes Hall] Roe, Frederick William, Assistant Dean, and Assistant Professor of Eng­ lish, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [2015 Van Hise Ave.] Roedder, Edwin Carl, Associate Professor of German Philology, University of Wisconsin, Roessler, Erwin William, Lecturer in German, Columbia University, New York City. [418 Central Park West] Rogers, Lyman Willetts, Assistant Professor of French, Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pa. Rogers, Mabel Jane, Instructor in Spanish, University of Akron, Akron, O. Rollins, George Alcuin, Instructor in English, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. Rollins, Hyder Edward, Associate Professor of English, New York Univer­ sity, New York, N. Y. [Box 65, University Heights] van Roosbroeck, Gustave L., Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, • University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn, (on leave) [c/o Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.] Root, Robert Kilbum, Professor of English, Princeton University, Prince­ ton, N. J. Rose, Andreas Gottlieb Ernst, 191 Berkeley Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. Rose, Robert Selden, Assistant Professor of Spanish, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [475 Orange St.] Roselli, Bruno, Professor and Head of the Department of Italian, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Rosenberg, S. L. Millard, Professor of Romance Languages, University of California, Southern Branch, Los Angeles, Calif. Rosselot, Alzo Pierre, Professor of Romance Languages and Literatures, Otterbein College, Westerville, O. [254 E. College Ave.] Rotunda, D. P., Instructor in Romance Languages, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. Roule, Jules Claude, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Dart­ mouth College, Hanover, N. H. [13 W. Wheelock St.] Roulston, Robert Bruce, Associate Professor of German, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. Routh, James, Professor of English, Oglethorpe University, Ga. Rowbotham, Arnold H., Professor of French, Tsing Hua College, Peking, China. Roy, James A., Assistant Professor of English, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont., Canada. Royster, James Finch, Professor of English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Rubel, Helen F., Graduate Student in English, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa. [372 Church Lane, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa.] Rudwin, Maximilian, Assistant Professor of Modern Languages, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. Rusk, Ralph Leslie, Assistant Professor of English, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. Russell, Frances Theresa, Assistant Professor of English, Stanford Univer­ sity, Calif. Russel, Margaret, Assistant Professor of English, Kansas State Agricultural CoUege, Manhattan, Kans. Russo, Joseph Louis, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Allegheny College, Meadville, Pa. Ruud, Martin B., Assistant Professor of English, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. Ruutz-Rees, Caroline, Headmistress, Rosemary HaU, Greenwich, Conn. [Lake Ave.] Ryan, Calvin Taylor, Professor of the EngUsh Language and Literature, Iowa Wesleyan CoUege, Mt. Pleasant, la. Rypins, Stanley I., Professor of English, San Francisco State Teachers CoUege, San Francisco, Cal. Saidla, Leo Erval Alexandre, Associate Professor of English, Alabama Polytechnic Institute, Auburn, Ala. [Box 333] de Saint Felix, A. Y. A., Instructor in French, College of the City of New York, N. Y. Saleski, Mary Agnes, Instructor in German and Spanish, St. Lawrence University, Canton, N. Y. [34 Court St.] Saleski, Reinhold Eugen, Assistant Professor of Modem Languages, Univer­ sity of Delaware, Newark, Del. (on leave) [15 Steinackerstr., Freiburg- Littenweiler i/Br., Germany] Salt, Harvey Russell, Instructor in English, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. [138 Oakview Ave., Edgewood Park] de Salvio, Alfonso, Professor of Romance Languages, Northwestern Univer­ sity, Evanston, Ill. [1115 Davis St.] Salyer, Sandford M., Head of the Department of English, Sweet Briar College, Sweet Briar, Va. Sampson, Martin Wright, Professor of English, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Sanders, Walter Frederick, Dean of the College and Head of the Depart­ ment of Modern Languages, Park College, Parkville, Mo. Sandison, Helen Estabrook, Assistant Professor of English, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Sargent, Mrs. Margarete L., Professor of Romance Languages, University of Idaho, Moscow, Ida. Savage, Henry Lyttleton, Instructor in English, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [131 Pyne HallJ Savage, Howard James, Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, 522 Fifth Ave., New York City. Sawtelle, Mary Anna, Lecturer on French Literature, Hartford, Conn. [34 Whiting Lane] Saxe, Nathaniel Edgar, Instructor in Romance Languages, Iowa State College, Ames, Iowa. Scatori, Stephen, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla. Schacht, Paul Lamb, Assistant Professor of English, Capital University, Columbus, O. [1641 E. Main St.] Schaffer, Aaron, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Texas, Austin, Texas. [Box 176, University Station] Schafheitlin, Anna, Instructor in German, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa. [Low Buildings] Schelling, Felix E., John Welsh Centennial Professor of English Literature, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [421 S. Carlisle St.] Schenck, Eunice Morgan, Associate Professor of French, Bryn Mawr Col­ lege, Bryn Mawr, Pa. [Low Buildings] Schevill, Rudolph, Professor of Spanish, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [1308 Tamalpais Rd.] Schilling, Hugo Karl, Professor of the German Language and Literature, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [822 Mendocino Ave.] Schinnerer, Otto Paul, Lecturer, Dept. of Germanic Languages, Columbia University, New York City. [122 E. 37th St.] Schinz, Albert, Professor of the French Language and Literature, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. Schlatter, Edward Bunker, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [2259 Regent St.] Schlauch, Margaret, Teacher of English, Theodore Roosevelt High School, New York City. [Hasbrouck Heights, N. J.] Schlenker, Carl, Professor of German, University of Minnesota, Minne­ apolis, Minn. [514 Eleventh Ave., S. E.] Schlosser, Ralph Wiest, Professor of French and Spanish, Elizabethtown College, Elizabethtown, Pa. Schmidt, Alfred Francis William, Professor of German, and University Librarian, George Washington University, Washington, D. C. [2023 G St., N. W.] Schmidt, Alfred H., Instructor in English, Warren Easton High School, New Orleans, La. [7010 Jeanette St.] Schneider, Franklin, Assistant Professor of German, University of Califor­ nia, Berkeley, Cal. [403 Wheeler Hall] Schobinger, Elsie, Head of the Department of Modem Languages, Harvard School for Boys, 4731 Ellis Ave., Chicago, Ill. Schoch, Caroline P. B., Professor of German, North Carolina College for Women, Greensboro, N. C. Schoedinger, Paul Siebert, Fellow in English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [1928 Yale Station] Schoell, Franck Louis, Agr£ge de I’Universite de France, Paris, France. [45 rue d’Ulm] Scholl, John William, Associate Professor of German, University of Michi­ gan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [917 Forest Ave.] Schreiber, Carl F., Assistant Professor of German, Sheffield Scientific School, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [65 Elmwood Road] Schultz, John Richie, Professor of English Literature, Allegheny College, Meadville, Pa. [380 N. Main St.] Schultz, William Eben, Professor of English and Head of the English De­ partment, Culver-Stockton College, Canton, Mo. Schutz, Alexander Herman, Professor of Romance Languages, Iowa State Teachers College, Cedar Falls, la. [822 Main St.] Schiitze, Martin, Professor of German Literature, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Schwartz, Rev. Henry B., Department of Public Instruction, 406 Kauikeo- lani Building, Honolulu, T. H. Schwartz, Laura Virginia, Instructor in English, Stanford University, Cal. Schwartz, William Leonard, Instructor in French, Stanford University, Cal. [Box 592] de Schweinitz, Margaret, Assistant Professor of French, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Scott, Charles Payson Gurley, Editor, Yonkers, N. Y. [49 Arthur St.] Scott, Franklin William, Assistant Professor of English, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. Scott, Fred Newton, Professor of Rhetoric, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1142 Forest Ave.] Scott, John Hubert, Assistant Professor of English, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. [Engineering Building] Scott, Willis H., College Representative, Scott, Foresman & Co., Chicago, Ill. [600 Belleforte Ave., Oak Park, Ill.] Scudder, Harold H., Associate Professor of English, New Hampshire State College, Durham, N. H. Scudder, Nita E., Teacher of English, William Penn High School, Phila­ delphia, Pa. Scudder, Vida D., Professor of English, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass. Seamans, Elton H., Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Cin­ cinnati, Cincinnati, O. Searles, Colbert, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Minne­ sota, Minneapolis, Minn. Seckerson, Howard Arnold, Professor of English, Connecticut Agricul­ tural College, Storrs, Conn. Secord, Arthur Wellesley, Instructor in English, University of Illinois, Urbana, IU. [907 W. California St.] Segall, Jacob Bernard, Professor and Head of the Department of French, University of Maine, Orono, Me. Sehrt, Edward H., Professor of Romance Languages, Pennsylvania College, Gettysburg, Pa. [141 York St.] Seiberth, Philipp, Instructor in German, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. [2306 Nueces St.] Seneca, Pasquale, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Penn­ sylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Senger, Joachim Henry, Professor of German, Emeritus, University of Cali­ fornia, Berkeley, Cal. [1321 Bay View St.] Seronde, Joseph, Associate Professor of French, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [1404 Yale Station] Seward, Samuel S., Jr., Associate Professor of English, Leland Stanford Junior University, Cal. [262 Kingsley Ave., Palo Alto] Sexton, John Joseph, Instructor in Romance Languages, Harvard Univer­ sity, Cambridge, Mass. Sexton, Meta Maria, Cataloguer in charge of the Cavagna Collection, University of Illinois. [807 S. First St., Champaign, Ill.] Seymour, Arthur R., Associate in Romance Languages, University of Illinois, Urbana, III. [909 W. Nevada St.] Shackford, Martha Hale, Professor of English Literature, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass. [7 Midland Road] Shafer, Robert, Ropes Associate Professor of Comparative Literature, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, O. Shanks, Lewis Piaget, Professor of Romance Languages and Literatures, Western University, London, Ont. [694 Talbot St.] Shannon, Edgar Finley, Professor of English, Washington and Lee Univer­ sity, Lexington, Va. Shattuck, Waldo Hall, Instructor in Romance Languages, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. [54 S. Main St.] Shaw, Esther Elizabeth, Professor of English, Hood College, Frederick, Md. Shaw, James Eustace, Professor of Italian and Spanish, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. [75 Walmer Rd.] Shaw, Marlow Alexander, Associate Professor of EngUsh Literature, Iowa State University, Iowa City, la. Shears, Lambert Armour, Instructor in German, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. [393 West 8th Ave.] Shedd, Karl Eastman, Instructor in Spanish, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [264 Everit St.] Sheffield, Alfred Dwight, Associate Professor of Rhetoric and Composition, WeUesley CoUege, WeUesley, Mass. Sheldon, Caroline, Professor of Romance Languages, Grinnell CoUege, Grin­ nell, la. Sheldon, Edward Stevens, Professor Emeritus of Romance Philology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [39 Kirkland St.] SheUy, Percy Van Dyke, Assistant Professor of EngUsh, University of Penn­ sylvania, PhUadelphia, Pa. Shelton, Whitford H., Professor of Romance Languages, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. Shepard, Grace Florence, Professor of EngUsh, Wheaton CoUege, Norton, Mass. Shepard, OdeU, Professor and Head of the Department of English, Trinity CoUege, Hartford, Conn. [14 Seabury HaU] Shepard, WiUiam Pierce, Professor of Romance Languages, HamUton Col­ lege, Clinton, N. Y. Shephard, Esther, Instructor in EngUsh, Seattle, Wash. [362 Ward St.] Sherburn, George WUey, Assistant Professor of EngUsh, University of Chicago, Chicago, IU. Sherman, Lucius A., Professor of the English Language and Literature, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. Sherman, Richard P., Instructor in Romance Languages, Indiana Univer­ sity, Bloomington, Ind. [110 East 4th St.] herman, Stuart Pratt, Professor of EngUsh, University of Illinois, Urbana, IU. [1116 W. Nevada St.] Sherriett, Sarah M., Professor of EngUsh Literature, Otterbein CoUege, WesterviUe, O. [49 W. Main St.] Sherwood, Margaret Merriam, Instructor in French, Smith College, North ampton, Mass. Shewmake, Edwin Francis, Professor of English, Davidson College, David­ son, N. C. Shively, George Jenks, Assistant Manager Educational Department, Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1 West 47th St., New York, N. Y. Shoemaker, Carolyn, Professor of English Literature and Dean of Women, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, Ind. Shulters, John Raymond, Associate Professor of Modern Languages, Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind. [814J^ Columbia St.] Shumway, Daniel Bussier, Professor of German Philology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Sibley, Robert Pelton, Secretary, New York State College of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. [118 Eddy St.] Silin, Charles Intervale, Graduate School, Johns Hopkins University, Balti­ more, Md. Sills, Kenneth Charles Morton, President, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Me. Silz, Walter, Instructor in German, Harvard College, Cambridge, Mass. [30 Shepard St.] Simonds, William Edward, Professor of English and Dean of the College, Knox College, Galesburg, Ill. Simpson, S. C. W., Vice-President Benjamin H. Sanborn Co., 50 Beacon St., Boston, Mass. Sirich, Edward Hinman, Professor of Romance Languages, St. John’s College, Annapolis, Md. Sisson, Louis Eugene, Professor of English, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. [1236 Louisiana St.] Sizer, Major Frederick Mortimer, Head of Department of Modem Lan­ guages, Staunton Military Academy, Staunton, Va. [Kable Station] Skidmore, Mark, Professor of Romance Languages, Colorado College, Colorado Springs, Col. Skillings, Everett, Professor of German, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vt. Skinner, Prescott Orde, Professor of Romance Languages, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Slater, John Rothwell, Professor of English, University of Rochester, Rochester, N. Y. Slever, Clark H., Assistant and Graduate Student in English, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Small, Veo Fuller, Instructor in French, Ursinus College, Collegeville, Pa. Smart, Walter Kay, Professor of English, School of Commerce, North western University, Evanston, Ill. [905 Michigan Ave.] Smead, Jane Van Ness, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Wells College, Aurora-on-Cayuga, N. Y. Smith, Charles Alphonso, Professor and Head of the Department of English, U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. Smith, Frank Clifton, Gurleyville, Conn. Smith, Frederick M., Assistant Professor of English, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. [3 Central Ave.] Smith, Harriet L., Graduate Student in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [Rydal, Pa.] Smith, Horatio Elwin, Professor of French, Amherst College, Amherst, Mass. Smith, Hugh Allison, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [15 Prospect Ave.] Smith, Leon Perdue, Jr., Head of the Department of Modern Languages, Lanier High School, Macon, Ga. Smith, Mahlon Ellwood, Dean of the School of Basic Arts and Sciences, and Director of the Summer Session, Oregon Agricultural College, Cor­ vallis, Ore. Smith, Maxwell Austin, Professor of French, University of Chattanooga, Chattanooga, Tenn. Smith, Peter Frank, Jr., Instructor in Spanish, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [Faculty Exchange] Smith, Rebecca Washington, Assistant Professor of English, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Tex. [1424 Cooper St.] Smith, Reed, Professor of English, University of South Carolina, Columbia, S. C. [1628 Pendleton St.] Smith, Richard R., Manager, College Department, The Macmillan Com­ pany, 66 Fifth Ave., New York, N. Y. Smith, Robert Metcalf, Professor and Head of English Department, Univer­ sity of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyo. Smith, Roland Mitchell, Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [7 Conant Hall] Smith, Stanley Astredo, Associate Professor of Romanic Languages, Leland Stanford Jr. University, Stanford University, Cal. (on leave). Smith, Winifred, Associate Professor of English, Vassar College, Pough­ keepsie, N. Y. Smyser, William Emory, Professor of English and Dean, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, O. Snavely, Guy Everett, President and Professor of Spanish, Birmingham- Southern College, Birmingham, Ala. Snell, Ada L. F., Associate Professor of English, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass. Sniffen, Edith M., Instructor in English, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. Snyder, Alice Dorothea, Assistant Professor of English, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Snyder, Edward Douglas, Assistant Professor of English, Haverford College, Haverford, Pa. Snyder, Franklyn Bliss, Professor of English, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. [1624 Ashland Ave.] Snyder, Henry Nelson, President and Professor of English, Wofford College, Spartanburg, S. C. de Solenni, Gino V. Medici, Instructor in Romanic Languages and Literatures, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. Solomon, Alfred, Assistant Professor of French, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. Sorber, James David, Instructor in French, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [80 Sherman Ave.] Soto, Rafael Arc£ngel, Associate Professor of Spanish, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, N. D. [177 University Station] Spaeth, J. Duncan, Professor of English, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J. Spagnoli, John J., Tutor in Romance Languages, College of the City of New York, N. Y. [139th St. and Convent Ave.] Spalding, Phebe Estelle, Professor of English Literature, Pomona College, Claremont, Calif. [261 W. Sth St.] Spanhoofd, Edward, Head of the Department of German, St. Paul’s School, Concord, N. H. Spargo, John W., Instructor in EngUsh, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. Spaulding, John Austin, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Trinity College, Hartford, Conn. [73 Catherine St.] Spaulding, Robert Kilbum, Assistant in Spanish, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. [368 60th St., Oakland, Calif.] Speare, Morris Edmund, Head of English Department, College of Commerce, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md. [2715 St. Paul Ave.] Speck, William A., Curator, Yale University Library, New Haven, Conn. Spencer, Hazelton, Assistant Professor of English, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [315 Walnut St.] Spencer, WilUam Gear, President of HiUsdale CoUege, Hillsdale, Mich. Spiers, Alexander Guy Holborn, Associate Professor of French, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Spiker, Claude Carl, Associate Professor of French and Spanish, West Virginia University, Morgantown, W. Va. SpiUer, Robert Ernest, Instructor in EngUsh, Swarthmore College, Swarth­ more, Pa. [Cedar Lane and Swarthmore Ave.] Spindler, George W., Associate Professor of German, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind. [408 RusseU St.] Smngakn, Joel Elias, Troutbeck, Amenia (Dutchess Co.) N. Y. Spinney, Raymond H., Professor of EngUsh, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. [4 Occom Ridge] Spohn, George W., Professor and Chairman of Department of English, St, Olaf College, Northfield, Minn. Spooner, Edwin Victor, Instructor in French, Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, N. H. Sprau, George, Professor of English, Western State Normal School, Kalama­ zoo, Mich. [949 Walwood Place] Squair, John, Professor Emeritus of French Literature, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. [368 Palmerston Ave.] Staaf, Oscar Emil, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Adelbert College of Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. Stair, Bird, Assistant Professor of English, College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Stanoyevitch, Millvoy Stoyan, Lecturer in Slavonic Languages, Columbia University, New York City. Stanton, Amida, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. [2045 Leamard Ave.] Starck, Taylor, Instructor in German, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [32 Bowdoin St.] Starnes, DeWitt Talmage, Instructor in English, The Rice Institute, Hous­ ton, Tex. Starr, Nathan Comfort, Assistant in English, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [50 Shepard St.] Stathers, Madison, Professor of Romance Languages, West Virginia University, Morgantown, W. Va. [288 Grand St.] Steadman, John M., Jr., Professor of English, Emory University, Ga. van Steenderen, F. C. L., Professor and Head of the Department of Ro­ mance Languages, Lake Forest College, Lake Forest, Ill. Steeves, Harrison Ross, Associate Professor of English, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Steffen, (Rev.) Nicholas A., Instructor in English, Academy Department, Columbia College, Dubuque, la. Stelter, Benjamin F., Professor and Head of Department of English, Oc­ cidental College, Los Angeles, Cal. Stempel, Guido Hermann, Associate Professor of Comparative Philology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. [723 S. Park Ave.] Stenberg, Theodore Thorson, Instructor in English, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. Stepanek, Orin, Assistant Professor of Modem Languages, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. Stephens, Winston B., Head of Upper School, Riverdale Country School, Riverdale-on-Hudson, New York City. Sterling, Susan Adelaide, Assistant Professor of German, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [1612 Howard Place] Stevens, Alice Porter, Associate Professor of German, Mount Holyoke, College, South Hadley, Mass. Stevens, Clarence Dimick, Associate Professor of English, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, 0. [Senator Place Apartments, Clifton] Stevens, David Harbison, Assistant Professor of English, University of Chicago, Chicago, Hl. [Faculty Exchange] Stevens, Ernest Nichols, Assistant to the Editor-in-Chief, Ginn & Co., IS Ashburton Place, Boston, Mass. Stevens, Henry Harmon, 227 Ten Eyck St., Watertown, N. Y. Stewart, George R., Jr., Instructor in English, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [Wheeler Hall] Stewart, Morton Collins, Assistant Professor of German, Union College, Schenectady, N. Y. [1 Rugby Road] Stewart, Randall, Instructor in English, University of Idaho, Moscow, Ida. Stewart, William Kilbome, Professor of Comparative Literature, Dart­ mouth College, Hanover, N. H. Stine, Harold Saeger, Instructor in English, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [1314 Allegheny Ave.] Stoddard, Francis Hovey, Professor Emeritus of the English Language and Literature, New York University, University Heights, New York, N.Y. [22 W. 68th St.] Stoll, Elmer Edgar, Professor of English, University of Minnesota, Minne­ apolis, Minn. Stone, Emma Louise, Professor of Romance Languages, Head of the Depart­ ment of Modem Languages, Lindenwood College, St. Charles, Mo. Stone, Herbert King, c/o American Express Company, 11 rue Scribe, Paris, France. Stone, Imogen, Professor of English, Newcomb College, New Orleans, La. Storer, Walter Henry, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1303 Geddes Ave.] Stork, Charles Wharton, Philadelphia, Pa. [Logan P. 0.] Storn, Martin W., Professor of Romance Languages, Evansville College, Evansville, Ind. Stowell, William Averill, Professor of Romance Languages, Amherst College, Amherst, Mass. Strauss, Louis A., Professor of English, University of Michigan, Ann Ar­ bor, Mich. [1601 Cambridge Road] Stroebe, Lilian L., Associate Professor of German, Vassar College, Pough­ keepsie, N. Y. Stroer, Bernard, Instructor in German, Evening School of the College of the City of New York. [917 Bloomfield St., Hoboken, N. J.] Strube, Claire M. M., Instructor in Latin, Greek, and French, Mt. Vernon College, Baltimore, Md. [2700 N. Calvert St.] Struck, Henriette, Assistant Professor of German, Vassar College, Pough­ keepsie, N. Y. Strunk, William, Jr., Professor of English, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. [107 Lake St.] Struthers, Lester B., Assistant Professor of Modem Languages, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Mass. Stuart, Donald Clive, Professor of Dramatic Literature, Princeton Univer­ sity, Princeton, N. J. [Western Way] Stubner, Emma Catherine, Instructor in Romance Languages, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. Stuff, Frederick Ames, Professor of Technique of Instruction in English, Department of English, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. [Sta­ tion A 1263] Sturdevant, Winifred, Head of Department of French, Roland Park Coun­ try School, Baltimore, Md. [818 W. 40th St.] Sturtevant, Albert Morey, Associate Professor of Germanic Languages and Literatures, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. [924 Louisiana St.] Sturtevant, Ethel G., Instructor in English, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York City. Swain, Milicent Augusta, Assistant Professor of English, College for Women, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. [1830 Beersford, Road East Cleveland] Swanson, Adolph Benjamin, Graduate Student in Romance Languages, University of Chicago, Chicago, Hl. [6148 Kimbark Ave.] Swartley, Stanley S., Professor of English Language, Allegheny College, Meadville, Pa. [656 William St.] Swift, Cora Letitia, Instructor in French, Oberlin College, Oberlin, O. [Ill S. Professor St.] Swinebroad, Ruth, Instructress in French, 964 Lamar Blvd., Memphis, Tenn. Sypherd, Wilbur Owen, Professor of English, University of Delaware, Newark, Del. Tabor, Alice Post, Instructor in German, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. [1421 Hawthorne Terrace] Taeusch, Henry William, Instructor in English, Williams College, Williams­ town, Mass. Taft, Arthur Irving, Assistant Professor in English, Oberlin College, Oberlin, O. [58 E. Lorain St.] Talamon, Rend, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1714 Wells St.] Tandy, Jeanette Reed, Instructor in English, Franklin College, Franklin, Ind. Tarr, F. Courtney, Assistant Professor of Modem Languages, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [1 College Road] Tastevin, Maria, Associate Professor of French, Vassar College, Pough­ keepsie, N. Y. Tatlock, John Strong Perry, Professor of English Philology, Leland Stanford Jr. University, Stanford University, Cal. Tayloe, Aechee, Associate Professor of German, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. Taylor, Edward Ayers, Assistant Professor of English, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [Graduate College] Taylor, Elsie Deane, Instructor in English, Denison University, Granville, 0. Taylor, George Bingham, Instructor in French and Spanish, Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, N. J. Taylor, Marion Lee, Teacher of French, Erasmus Hall High School, Brook­ lyn, N. Y. [184 Columbia Heights] Taylor, Rupert, Professor of English and Dean of Academic Faculty, Alabama Polytechnic Institute, Auburn, Ala. Taylor, Warner, Assistant Professor of English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Temple, Maud Elizabeth, Teacher of Romance Languages, Margaret HaU, Versailles, Ky. Tenney, Cecilia Edith, Instructor in French, Reed CoUege, Portland, Ore. Terry, Helen V., Instructor in Romance Languages, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. [165 12th Ave.] Thaler, Alwin, Professor of English, University of Tennessee, KnoxviUe, Tenn. Tharp, James’B., Assistant in Romance Languages, University of IUinois, Urbana, IU. Thayer, Harvey Waterman, Associate Professor of Modem Languages, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [12 Nassau St.] Thayer, Mary Rebecca, Assistant Professor of EngUsh, The CoUege of Wooster, Wooster, O. Theobald, OttiUe, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Columbus, 0. [388 Fairwood Ave.] Thieme, Hugo Paul, Professor of French, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [3 Geddes Heights] Thier, Rev. A. R., Professor of Modem Languages, Columbia CoUege, Dubuque, la. Thomas, Eleanor Walter, Instructor in EngUsh, CoUege for Women, West­ ern Reserve University, Cleveland, 0. Thomas, May, Assistant Professor of German, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. [1473 NeU Ave.] Thomas, Roger, Instructor in Comparative Literature, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. Thompson, Elbeet N. S., Professor of EngUsh Literature, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. [714 Iowa Ave.] Thompson, Guy Andrew, Associate Professor of EngUsh, Occidental CoUege, Los Angeles, Cal. [122 Rowland Ave., Eagle Rock, Cal.] Thompson, Harold WilUam, Assistant Professor of English, New York State CoUege for Teachers, Albany, N. Y. Thompson, James Westfall, Professor of Medieval History, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Thompson, Stith, Associate Professor of English, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. Thorndike, Ashley Horace, Professor of English, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Thorp, Willard, Assistant Professor of English, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. [67 Kensington Ave.] Thrall, Miriam Mulford, 50 Morningside Drive, New York City. Thrall, William Flint, Assistant Professor of English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Throop, George Reeves, Collier Professor of Greek, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. Thurber, Charles H., Ginn & Co., 35 Ashburton Place, Boston, Mass. Thurnau, Harry Conrad, Professor of Germanic Languages and Literatures, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. [1701 Indiana St.] Tiffany, Esther Allison, 682 Fairmount Ave., St. Paul, Minn. Tilley, Morris Palmer, Professor of English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1015 Ferdon Road] Tilly, Edmund, Instructor in Modem Languages, Union CoUege, Schenec­ tady, N. Y. Tinker, Chauncey B., Professor of English Literature, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [847 Memorial Quadrangle] Tisdel, Frederick Monroe, Professor of EngUsh and Dean of the CoUege of Arts and Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo. [1316 Wilson Ave.] Titsworth, Paul E., Professor of Modem Languages, Alfred University, Alfred, N. Y. Todd, Henry .Alfred, Professor of Romance PhUology, Columbia Univer­ sity, New York, N. Y. Todd, Theodore Walter, Professor of German, 466 Ruthven Ave., Palo Alto, Calif. Todd, Walter E., Instructor in French and Spanish, WilUam Warren School, Menlo Park, Cal. Tolman, Albert Harris, Professor of EngUsh Literature, University of Chi­ cago, Chicago, IU. del Toro, JuUo, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1120 HiU St.] Torres, Arturo, Assistant Professor of Spanish, New York University, New York City. [521 W. 121st St.] Towles, Oliver, Professor of French, University of North Carolina, Chapel HUI, N. C. Townsend, Charles Louis, Professor of Modem Languages, Southwestern Presbyterian University, ClarksviUe, Tenn. Toy, Walter Dallam, Professor and Head of the Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. Trautman, William D., Assistant Professor of Modem Languages, Case School of Applied Science, Cleveland, O. Traver, Hope, Professor of English, Mills College, Mills College, Cal. Trent, William Peterfield, Professor of English Literature, Columbia Uni­ versity, New York, N. Y. [126 E. 34th St.] Trombly, Albert Edmund, Professor and Chairman of the Department of Romance Languages, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo. Trumbauer, Walter Hanrichs Renner, Assistant Professor of English, Grin- nel College, Grinnell, la. Truscott, Frederick W., Professor of Germanic Languages, West Vir­ ginia University, Morgantown, W. Va. Tryon, Ruth Wilson, (Mrs. Fred G. Tryon), 1323 Jackson St., Washington, D. C. Tufts, James Arthur, Professor of English, Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, N. H. Tull, Clyde, Professor of English Literature, Cornell College, Mt. Vernon, la. Tupper, Caroline Frances, Associate in English, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [506 Gregory Place] Tupper, Frederick, Professor of the English Language and Literature, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. Tupper, James Waddell, Professor of English Literature, Lafayette College, Easton, Pa. Turk, Milton Haight, Professor of the English Language and Literature, Hobart College, Geneva, N. Y. Turner, Albert Morton, Assistant Professor of English, University of Maine, Orono, Me. [12 Park St.] Turrell, Charles Alfred, Professor of Spanish and Italian, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz. Tuxbury, Louise, 567 W. 113th St., New York City. Tweedie, William Morley, Professor of the English Language and Litera­ ture, Mount Allison College, Sackville, N. B. Uhlendorf, Bernard Alexander, Instructor in German, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. Uhler, John Earle, Instructor in English, Johns Hopkins University, Balti­ more, Md. [319 Gittings Ave., Cedarcroft] Umphrey, George Wallace, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. Underhill, Mary Pence (Mrs. L. K.), c/o Major L. K. Underhill, Command­ ing General of Infantry, Philippine Dept., U. S. Army, Manila, P. I. Underwood, Charles Marshall, 152 Upland Road, Cambridge, Mass. Underwood, Mrs. Edna Worthley, Professional Translator, New York, N. Y. [Box 54, Hamilton Grange Station] Underwood, George Arthur, Professor and Head of the Department of Romance Languages, Iowa State Teachers’ College, Cedar Falls, la. von Unwerth, Frida, Assistant Professor of German, Hunter College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. [527 W. 121st St.] Upham, Alfred Horatio, President, University of Idaho, Moscow, Ida. Uppvall, Axel John, Instructor in Germanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [5106 Larchwood Ave.] Uterhart, Henry Ayres, New York, N. Y. [36 W. 44th St.] Utter, Robert Palfrey, Associate Professor of English, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [2440 Hillside Ave.] Vaeth, Joseph Anthony, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, New York University, New York, N. Y. [University Heights] Valente, John, Assistant Professor of English, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. [5436 Wilkins Ave., Squirrel Hill Station] Van Doren, Carl, Associate in English, Columbia University and Literary Editor of Century Magazine, New York, N. Y. [353 4th Ave.] Van Home, John, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [709 W. Nevada St.] Van Santvoord, George, Assistant Professor of English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. Van Winkle, Cortlandt, Instructor in English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [648 Orange St.] Vaughan, Herbert Hunter, Assistant Professor of Italian, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [35 Everit St.] Vera, Orestes, Correo 10 (Nunoa), Santiago, Chile. Vermont, Adolphe, Professor and Head of the Department of Romance Languages, Converse College, Spartanburg, S. C. [Converse Circle] Verriest, L6on, Assistant Professor of French, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Viles, George Burridge, Acting Professor of Modem Languages, Rhode Is­ land State College, Kingston, R. I. [P. O. Box 101] Villavaso, Emest Joseph, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. de VillSle, Aline Marie-JosSphe, Assistant Professor of French, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. [261 Crescent St.] Vimont, L6onie, Professor of French, Ward-Belmont College, Nashville, Tenn. de Visme, Henri P. Williamson, Head of the Division of Modern Languages, Dean of the French School, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vt. Vittorini, Domenico, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Vogt, George McGill, Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [36 Lexington Hall] Voigt, Gilbert Paul, Professor of Modern Languages, Newberry College, Newberry, S. C. Vollmer, Clement, Assistant Professor of Germanic Languages and Litera­ ture, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. [249 Carruth Dormitory] Vos, Bert John, Professor of German, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. Voss, Ernst Karl Johann Heinrich, Professor of German Philology, Univer­ sity of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [175 Virginia Terrace] Vuylsteker, Emile-Auguste, 4a Calle de Leona Vicario, 68 D, Mexico City, Mexico. Wade, Ira Owen, Professor of Romance Languages, Marietta College* Marietta, Ohio. [Graduate College, Princeton, N. J.] Wade, John Donald, Adjunct Professor of English, University of Georgia, Athens, Ga. Wadepuhl, Walter, Associate in German, University of Illinois, Urbana, Hl. Wagner, Charles Philip, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. Wahl, George Moritz, Professor of the German Language and Literature, Emeritus, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass. Wait, William Henry, Associate Professor of Modern Languages, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1706 Cambridge Road] Wales, Julia Grace, Instructor in English, University of Wisconsin, Madison Wis. Walker, Francis Cox, Assistant Professor of English, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C. Walker, J. Clay, Professor of Modem Languages, Mercer University, Macon, Ga. Wallerstein, Ruth C., Instructor in English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [433 W. Gilman St.J Wallis, Lawrence B., Instructor in English, Stanford University, Calif. [Box 1049] Walz, John Albrecht, Professor of the German Language and Literature, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [42 Garden St.] Wann, Harry Vincent, Professor of Romance Languages, Indiana State Normal School, Terre Haute, Ind. [1612 S. 4th St.] Wann, Louis, Professor of the English Language and Literature, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif. [1159 W. 37th St.] Wannamaker, William H., Dean and Head of the Department of German, Trinity College, Durham, N. C. [402 Buchanan Blvd.] Ward, Charles Frederick, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. Ward, Robert Calvin, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Colgate University, Hamilton, N. Y. Ward, William Philip, Instructor in Romance Languages, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. [12010 Clifton Boulevard, Lakewood] Warner, Reginald de Koven, Instructor in French, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [388 Sherman Ave.] Warren, Frederick Morris, Professor of Modern Languages, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. Warshaw, Jacob, Professor of Modern Languages, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. [Station A] Waterhouse, Francis Asbury, Chairman of the Department of Romance Languages, Kenyon College, Gambier, O. Watson, Harold Francis, Assistant Professor of English, University of Maine, Orono, Me. Watson, Leila, Teacher of French, Head of the Department of Foreign Lan­ guages, High School and Junior College, Santa Ana, Cal. [1814 Hickey St.] Watt, Homer Andrew, Professor of English, New York University (Washing­ ton Square College), New York, N. Y. [55 Mitchell Place, East Orange, N. J.] Watton, Harry B., Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [31 Wendell St.] Watts, George Byron, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [205Folwell Hall] Waxman, Samuel Montefiore, Professor of Romance Languages and Litera­ tures, Boston University, Boston, Mass. Weber, Hermann Julius, Berkeley, Cal. [1811 La Loma Ave.] Webster, Frank Martindale, Associate Professor of English, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. [Box 50] Webster, Kenneth G. T., Assistant Professor of English, Harvard Univer­ sity, Cambridge, Mass. [Gerry’s Landing] Wedel, Theodore Otto, Professor of English, Carleton College, Northfield, Minn. [805 E. Second St.] Weeks, Raymond, Professor of Romance Languages and Literatures, Colum­ bia University, New York, N. Y. Weigand, Hermann J., Assistant Professor of German, University of Pennsyl­ vania, Philadelphia, Pa. [Box 39, College Hall] Weill, Rlix, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, College of the City of New York, New York City. [Convent Ave.] Wells, Edgar Huidekoper, 41 A East 47th St., New York City. Wells, Henry Willis, Lecturer in English, Columbia University, New York. N. Y. Wells, John Edwin, Professor and Head of the Department of English, Con­ necticut College for Women, New London, Conn. [77 Vauxhall St.] Wenger, Christian N., Instructor in English, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. [1311 Wilmot St.] Wemaer, Robert Maximilian, Cambridge, Mass. [20 Prescott St.] Wesenberg, T. Griffith, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Butler College, Indianapolis, Md. Wesselhoeft, Edward Charles, Professor of German, University of Pennsyl­ vania, Philadelphia, Pa. [College Hall] West, Henry Titus, Professor of German, Kenyon College, Gambier, O. West, Nelson W., Master, German Department, Morristown School, Morristown, N. J. Westcott, Allan, Professor of English, U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. Weygandt, Cornelius, Professor of English Literature, University of Penn­ sylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Wharey, James Blanton, Associate Professor of English, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. Wheeler, Edith Isabel, Teaching Fellow, Department of Romance Lan­ guages, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. Wheeler, Mary L., c/o Ginn & Co., IS Ashburton Place, Boston, Mass. Whicher, George Frisbie, Professor of English, Amherst College, Amherst, Mass. Whipple, Thomas King, Assistant Professor of English, University of Cali­ fornia, Berkeley, Calif. [411 Wheeler Hall] Whitcomb, Selden Lincoln, Professor of Comparative Literature, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. White, Arthur Franklin, Instructor in English, Adelbert College of Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. White, Elliott Adams, Instructor in English, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. White, Florence Donnell, Professor of French, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. White, Frederick Glover, Assistant in English, Harvard University. [9 Glen Road, Newton Centre, Mass.] White, Helen Constance, Instructor in English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. White, H. Adelbert, Professor of Rhetoric, Washington and Jefferson Col­ lege, Washington, Pa. [509 E. Chestnut St.] White, Horatio Stevens, Professor Emeritus of German, Harvard Univer­ sity, Cambridge. Mass. [29 Reservoir St.] White, Irving H., University Scholar in English, Harvard University, Cam­ bridge, Mass. [475 Broadway] White, Newman Ivey, Professor of English, Trinity College, Durham, N. C. [3 Beverly Apts.] Whiteford, Robert N., Head Professor of English Literature and Director of Graduate Study, University of Toledo, Toledo, O. [2252 Franklin Ave.] Whitehouse, Victor, Professor of Spanish, Ohio University, Athens, 0. [Colonial Hotel] Whiteside, Donald Grant, Assistant Professor of English, College of the City of New York, New York, N. Y. Whitford, Robert Calvin, Assistant Professor of English, Knox College, Galesburg, Ill. [227 N. Academy St.] Whitman, Charles Huntingdon, Professor of English, Rutgers College, New Brunswick, N. J. [116 Lincoln Ave., Highland Park, N. J.] Whitmore, Charles Edward, Northampton, Mass. [42 Franklin St.] Whitney, Edward Allen, Assistant Dean and Tutor in History and Litera­ ture, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. Whitney, Lois, Assistant Professor of English,Goucher College, Baltimore, Md. Whitney, Marian P., Professor of German, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N.Y. Whitridge, Arnold, Instructor in English, Columbia University, New York City. Whittem, Arthur Fisher, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [9 Vincent St.] Wichelns, Herbert August, Instructor in Public Speaking, New York Uni­ versity. [635 Prospect Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.] Wiehr, Josef, Associate Professor of German, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. Wiohtman, John Roaf, Professor Emeritus of Romance Languages, Oberlin College, Oberlin, O. [240 Elm St., Oberlin, O.] Wilcox, Frank Howard, Associate in English, University of California, Berkeley, Cal. [2730 Haste St.] Wilkens, Frederick H., Professor of the German Language and Literature, New York University, University Heights, Bronx, New York, N. Y. Wilkins, Ernest Hatch, Professor of Romance Languages, University of Chicago, Chicago, IU. Wilkins, Lawrence A., Director of Modem Languages in the High Schools of New York City, Board of Education, New York, N. Y. [598 W. 191st St.] WiUard, Rudolph, Instructor in English, Yale CoUege, New Haven, Conn. [1875 Yale Station] WiUbrand, Irma Louise, FeUow in German, University of Wisconsin, Madi­ son, Wis. [1311 Morris St.] WilUams, Arthur George, Professor of Modem Languages, CoUege of WilUam and Mary, WiUiamsburg, Va. [Scotland St.] WilUams, Blanche Colton, Associate Professor in EngUsh, Hunter CoUege of the City of New York, Instructor in Short Story Writing, Extension Teaching, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. [Hunter CoUege] Williams, Charles AUyn, Assistant Professor of German, University of Illinois, Urbana, DI. [714 Nevada St.] Williams, Edwin Bucher, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Williams, John Milton, Instructor in English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. [Box 977] Williams, Ralph Coplestone, Associate in French, Johns Hopkins Univer­ sity, Baltimore, Md. Williams, Stanley Thomas, Instructor in English, Yale College, New Haven, Conn. [595 Whitney Ave.] Williamson, Edward John, Professor of Modem Languages and Literatures, Hobart College, Geneva, N. Y. Willsey, Miles, Teaching Fellow in Romance Languages, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. [203 Folwell Hall] Willson, Elizabeth, Instructor in English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [425 Sterling Place] Wilson, Charles Bundy, Professor and Head of the Department of the Ger­ man Language and Literature, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. [323 N. Capitol St.] Wilson, Frederick E., Graduate Student in Germanic Languages, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [71 Sacramento St.] Wilson, James Southall, Edgar Allan Poe Professor of English and English Literature, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va. [University, Va.] Wilson, Miriam Elaine, Instructor in French, Park College, Parkville, Mo. Wimberly, Lowry Charles, Instructor in English, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. [Box 1342, Station A] Windate, Ida M., Head of the English Language Department, Western Col­ lege for Women, Oxford, O. Winfield, Martha Elizabeth, Professor of English, North Carolina College for Women, Greensboro, N. C. Winfrey, Lewis Edgar, Professor of Modern Languages, Hendrix College, Conway, Ark. ' Winkler, Max, Professor of the German Language and Literature, Univer­ sity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. Winslow, Ola Elizabeth, Associate Professor of English, Goucher'-.jjilege, Baltimore, Md. Winston, Alice, Assistant Professor of English, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kas. Winter, Robert, Assistant Professor of French, Junior College, University of Chicago, Chicago,^'!. Wise, George Chester, Professor of Modem Languages, Parsons College, Fairfield, Iowa. Wisewell, George Ellas, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Hamil­ ton College, Clinton, Oneida Co., New York. [Faculty Club] Withers, Alfred M., Associate Professor of Spanish, University of Tennes­ see, Knoxville, Tenn. Witherspoon, Alexander MacLaren, Instructor in English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. Withington, Robert, Associate Professor of the English Language and Literature, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. Wittmann, Elisabeth, Instructor in French and German, 939 H St., Lincoln, Neb. Wolff, Samuel Lee, Assistant Professor of English, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. [90 Morningside Drive] Wollstein, Rose Heylbut, Instructor in Romance Languages, Extension Divi­ sion, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Wood, Earl Franklin, Professor of English, Brown University, Providence, R. I. Wood, Francis Asbury, Professor of Germanic Philology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Wood, George Campbell, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, Dart­ mouth College, Hanover, N. H. Wood, Henry, Professor Emeritus of German, Johns Hopkins University, [Augusta strasse 13, Potsdam, Germany] Woodbridge, Benjamin Mather, Professor of Romance Languages, Reed College, Portland, Ore. Woodbridge, Elizabeth Dana, Instructor in Romance Languages, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. [1112 West Illinois St.] Woodbridge, Homer Edwards, Professor of English Literature, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn. [86 Pearl St.] Woodford, Burton H., Professor of French, German, and Hebrew, Central Holiness University, University Park, Oskaloosa, la. Wooley, Elmer 0., Instructor in German, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. [228 S. Henderon St.] Worthington, Hugh S., Professor of Romance Languages, Sweet Briar College, Sweet Briar, Va. Wright, Alice May, Instructor in Romance Languages, New Jersey College for Women, New Brunswick, N. J. Wrio-ht, Arthur Silas, Professor of Modern Languages, Case School of Ap- p . Science, Cleveland, O. Wright, Charles Baker, Professor Emeritus of English Literature and Rhetoric, Middlebury College, Middlebury Vt. Wright, Charles Henry Conrad, Professor of the French Language and Literature, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [9 Lowell St.] Wright, Edwin Miner, Instructor in English, University of Rochester, Rochester, N. Y. Wright, Ernest Hunter, Associate Professor of English and Comparative Literature, Columbia University, New York, N. Y. Wylie, Laura Johnson, Professor of English Literature and Head of Depart­ ment of English, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. [112 Market St.] Young, Bert Edward, Professor of Romance Languages, Indiana Univer­ sity, Bloomington, Ind. [521 Kirkwood Ave.] Young, Charles Edmund, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. Young, Charles Stuart, Instructor in English, Culver Military Academy, Culver, Ind. Young, Karl, Professor of English, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [98 East Rock Road] Young, Mary Vance, Professor of Romance Languages, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass. Young, Ruth Elizabeth, Graduate Student in Romance Languages, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. [5746 Dorchester Ave.] Young, William Foster, President, Benjamin H. Sanborn & Co., Chicago, Ill. [221 East 20th St.] Zampiere, Pierre S., Dean of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Washburn College, Topeka, Kas. [1727 West St.] Zdanowicz, Casimir Douglas, Associate Professor of Romance Languages, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Zeek, Charles Franklyn, Professor of French, Southern Methodist Uni­ versity, Dallas, Tex. Zeitler, William Irving, Graduate Student in English, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. [53 Trowbridge St.J Zeitlin, Jacob, Associate Professor of English, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. Zfiliqzon, Maurice, Head of Department of Modem Languages, Central High School, Cleveland, O. Zembrod, Alfred Charles, Professor and Head of the Department of Ro­ mance Languages, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky. Zeydel, Edwin Hermann, Assistant Professor of German, Indiana Univer­ sity, Bloomington, Ind. Zinnecker, Wesley Daniel, Associate Professor of German, New York University. [638 Springdale Ave., East Orange, N. J.] Zucker, Adolf Eduard, Professor of Modem Languages, University of Mary­ land, College Park, Md. Zucker, Louis C., Instructor in English, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. [2095] Blau, Max Friedrich, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J. [November 23, 1923] Bradley, Henry, Oxford University. [May 23, 1923] Bruce, James Douglas, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tenn. [Feb­ ruary 19, 1923] Cram, Gordon LaFayette, City CoUege, Baltimore, Md. [April 9, 1923] Davies, William Walter, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, O. Hewitt, Waterman Thomas, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. [Septem­ ber 13, 1921] Kayser, Carl F., Hunter CoUege, New York City. [July 30, 1923] Knight, Adelaide, Newcombe CoUege, New Orleans, La. [at Rome, Italy, April 22, 1923] Kruse, Henry Otto, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kans. [September 29, 1922] Lewis, Charlton Miner, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. [March 12, 1923] McCulloch, Rufus William, University of Maine, Orono, Me. [January 22, 1923] Putzker, Albin, Berkeley, Cal. [May 1, 1923] Schmidt, Gertrude Charlotte, Bryn Mawr, Pa. [December 4, 1922] Seccombe, Thomas, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont. [June 20, 1923] Taylor, Robert Langley, WiUiams CoUege, WiUiamstown, Mass. [May 27, 1923] Wharton, John Herman, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N. Y. [April 2, 1921] Wright, Whuam Lyndon, New York University, New York City. [No­ vember 6, 1922] cciii LIBRARIES Subscribing to the Publications or the Association Aberdeen, S. D.: Library of the Northern Normal and Industrial School Akron, Ohio: Library of the Municipal University of Akron Albany, N. Y.: New York State Library Ames, Iowa: Library of Iowa State College Amherst, Mass.: Amherst College Library Ann Arbor, Mich.: General Library of the University of Michigan Annville, Pa.: Library of Lebanon Valley College Appleton, Wis.: Lawrence College Library Austin, Tex.: Library of the University of Texas Bale, Switzerland: Bibliotheque de I’Universite de Bale. Baltimore, Md.: Enoch Pratt Free Library Baltimore, Md.: Goucher College Library Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Library Bangor, Wales: Library of University College of North Wales. 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C.: Library of the Catholic University of America Wellesley, Mass.: Wellesley College Library Williamstown, Mass.: Library of Williams College Winnipeg, Manitoba: University Library [Kennedy St.) Wooster, O.: Wooster College Library Worcester Mass.: Clark University Library [181] HONORARY MEMBERS K. von Bahder, Darmstadt, Germany Willy Bang, University of Berlin Michele Barbi, University of Messina Joseph B£dier, College de France, Paris Alois L. Brandl, University of Berlin W. Braune, University of Heidelberg Ferdinand Brunot, University of Paris Konrad Burdach, Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin Edmund K. Chambers, Board of Education, London William A. Craigie, Oxford University Benedetto Croce, Naples, Italy Francesco D’Ovidio, University of Naples Sir Israel Gollancz, King’s College, London Charles Harold Herford, University of Manchester Alfred Jeanroy, University of Paris Otto Jespersen, University of Copenhagen J. J. Jusserand, French Ambassador, Washington, D. C. Friedrich Kluge, University of Freiburg Eugen Kuhnemann, University of Breslau Gustave Lanson, University of Paris Sir Sidney Lee, University of London Abel Lefranc, College de France Ram6n Menendez Pidal, University of Madrid W. Meyer-LBbke, University of Bonn Alfred Morel-Fatio, College de France Fritz Neumann, University of Heidelberg Adolf Nokeen, University of Upsala Kristoffer Nyrop, University of Copenhagen Alfred W. Pollard, British Museum, London Pio Rajna, R. Istituto di Studi Superiori, Florence Gustav Roethe, University of Berlin George Saintsbury, University of Edinburgh August Sauer, University of Prague Edward Schroeder, University of Gottingen H. Schuchardt, University of Graz Eduard Sievers, University of Leipzig Antoine Thomas, University of Paris Francesco Torraca, University of Naples