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For information on how to proceed, first see the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful. Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked You can view and copy the source of this page: ===Jacobean period (1603–1625)=== ==== Drama ==== In the early 17th century Shakespeare wrote the so-called "[[Shakespearean problem play|problem plays]]", as well as a number of his best known [[Shakespearean tragedy|tragedies]], including ''[[Macbeth]]'' and ''[[King Lear]]''.{{Harvnb|Bradley|1991|loc=85}}; {{Harvnb|Muir|2005|loc=12–16}}. In his final period, Shakespeare turned to [[Shakespeare's late romances|romance]] or [[tragicomedy]] and completed three more major plays, including ''[[The Tempest]]''. Less bleak than the tragedies, these four plays are graver in tone than the comedies of the 1590s, but they end with reconciliation and the forgiveness of potentially tragic errors.{{Harvnb|Dowden|1881|loc=57}}. After Shakespeare's death, the poet and dramatist [[Ben Jonson]] (1572–1637) was the leading literary figure of the [[Jacobean era]]. Jonson's aesthetics hark back to the Middle Ages and his characters embody the [[Humours|theory of humours]], which was based on contemporary medical theory."Ben Jonson." ''Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition''. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 20 September 2012. Jonson's comedies include ''[[Volpone]]'' (1605 or 1606) and ''[[Bartholomew Fair (play)|Bartholomew Fair]]'' (1614). Others who followed Jonson's style include [[Beaumont and Fletcher]], who wrote the popular comedy, ''[[The Knight of the Burning Pestle]]'' (probably 1607–08), a satire of the rising middle class.''The Oxford Companion to English Literature'' (1996). p. 546. Another popular style of theatre during Jacobean times was the [[revenge play]], which was popularized in the Elizabethan era by [[Thomas Kyd]] (1558–1594), and then further developed later by [[John Webster]] (?1578–?1632), ''[[The White Devil]]'' (1612) and ''[[The Duchess of Malfi]]'' (1613). Other revenge tragedies include ''[[The Changeling (play)|The Changeling]]'' written by [[Thomas Middleton]] and [[William Rowley]]."Revenge Tragedy" in ''A Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory'', ed. JA Cuddon (London: Penguin Books, 1999), pp. 744–46. ==== Poetry ==== [[George Chapman]] (c. 1559 – c. 1634) is remembered chiefly for his famous translation in 1616 of [[Homer]]'s ''[[Iliad]]'' and ''[[Odyssey]]'' into English verse.''Chapman's Homer: The Iliad''. Ed. Allardyce Nicoll. Bollingen Series 41. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1998; ''Chapman's Homer: The Odyssey''. Ed. Allardyce Nicoll. Bollingen Series 41. Princeton: Princeton UP, 2000. This was the first ever complete translations of either poem into the English language. The translation had a profound influence on English literature and inspired [[John Keats]]'s famous sonnet "On First Looking into Chapman's Homer" (1816). Shakespeare popularized the [[English sonnet]], which made significant changes to [[Petrarch]]'s model. A collection of 154 by [[Shakespeare's sonnets|sonnets]], dealing with themes such as the passage of time, love, beauty and mortality, were first published in a 1609 quarto. Besides Shakespeare and Ben Jonson, the major poets of the early 17th century included the [[Metaphysical poet]]s: [[John Donne]] (1572–1631), [[George Herbert]] (1593–1633), [[Henry Vaughan]], [[Andrew Marvell]], and [[Richard Crashaw]].{{Citation | first = Colin | last = Burrow | contribution = Metaphysical poets (act. c. 1600 – c. 1690) | title = Oxford Dictionary of National Biography | publisher = Oxford University Press | contribution-url = http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/95605 | access-date = 7 May 2012}}. Their style was characterized by [[wit]] and metaphysical conceits, that is far-fetched or unusual similes or metaphors.Gardner, Helen ''The Metaphysical Poets'' Penguin Books, 1957 {{ISBN|0-14-042038-X}} ==== Prose ==== The most important prose work of the early 17th century was the [[King James Version of the Bible|King James Bible]]. This, one of the most massive translation projects in the history of English up to this time, was started in 1604 and completed in 1611. This represents the culmination of a tradition of [[English translations of the Bible|Bible translation into English]] that began with the work of [[William Tyndale]], and it became the standard [[Bible]] of the [[Church of England]].{{Sfn | Drabble | 1996 | pp = 100–01}} Return to English literature. Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_literature" Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Page information Wikidata item Languages Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers Contact Wikipedia Mobile view Developers Statistics Cookie statement