id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt en-wikipedia-org-3000 Concrete poetry - Wikipedia .html text/html 2478 275 69 Early religious examples of shaped poems in English include "Easter Wings" and "The Altar" in George Herbert's The Temple (1633)[7] and Robert Herrick's "This crosstree here", which is set in the shape of a cross, from his Noble Numbers (1647).[8] An alternative religious precursor is Micrography, a technique for creating visual images used by Hebrew artists, which involves organizing small arrangements of Biblical texts such that they form images which illustrate the subject of the text. In 1954 the Swedish poet and visual artist Öyvind Fahlström had published the manifesto Hätila Ragulpr på Fåtskliaben.[19][20] Similarly in Germany Eugen Gomringer published his manifesto vom vers zur konstellation (from line to constellation), in which he declared that a poem should be "a reality in itself" rather than a statement about reality,[21] and "as easily understood as signs in airports and traffic signs".[22] The difficulty in defining such a style is admitted by Houédard's statement that "a printed concrete poem is ambiguously both typographic-poetry and poetic-typography".[23] ./cache/en-wikipedia-org-3000.html ./txt/en-wikipedia-org-3000.txt