Faculty & Research - Harvard Business School Skip to Main Content HBS Home About Academic Programs Alumni Faculty & Research Baker Library Giving Harvard Business Review Initiatives News Recruit Map / Directions Faculty & Research Faculty Research Featured Topics Academic Units …→ Harvard Business School→ Faculty & Research→ HBS Book Reimagining Capitalism in a World on Fire By: Rebecca Henderson Free market capitalism is one of humanity’s greatest inventions and the greatest source of prosperity the world has ever seen. But this success has been costly. Capitalism is on the verge of destroying the planet and destabilizing society as wealth rushes to the top. The time for action is running short. HBS Book Reimagining Capitalism in a World on Fire By: Rebecca Henderson Free market capitalism is one of humanity’s greatest inventions and the greatest source of prosperity the world has ever seen. But this success has been costly. Capitalism is on the verge of destroying the planet and destabilizing society as wealth rushes to the top. The time for action is running short. Marketing Science 39, no. 5 (September-October 2020): 872-892. The Air War Versus the Ground Game: An Analysis of Multi-Channel Marketing in U.S. Presidential Elections By: Lingling Zhang and Doug J. Chung This study jointly examines the effects of television advertising and field operations in U.S. presidential elections, with the former referred to as the “air war” and the latter as the “ground game.” Specifically, the study focuses on how different campaign activities—personal selling in the form of field operations and mass media advertising by the candidate and outside sources—vary in their effectiveness with voters who have different political predispositions. Marketing Science 39, no. 5 (September-October 2020): 872-892. The Air War Versus the Ground Game: An Analysis of Multi-Channel Marketing in U.S. Presidential Elections By: Lingling Zhang and Doug J. Chung This study jointly examines the effects of television advertising and field operations in U.S. presidential elections, with the former referred to as the “air war” and the latter as the “ground game.” Specifically, the study focuses on how different campaign activities—personal selling in the form of field operations and mass media advertising by... Health Care Initiative Private and Social Returns to R&D: Drug Development and Demographics By: Efraim Benmelech, Janice Eberly, Dimitris Papanikolaou and Joshua Krieger Investment in intangible capital—in particular, research and development—increased dramatically since the 1990s. However, output and measured productivity growth remains sluggish in recent years. One potential reason is that a significant share of the increase in intangible investment is geared toward consumer products such as pharmaceutical drugs that are not included in measured economic output. We document that a significant fraction of total R&D spending in the U.S. economy is done by pharmaceutical firms and is geared to developing drugs for the elderly. Health Care Initiative Private and Social Returns to R&D: Drug Development and Demographics By: Efraim Benmelech, Janice Eberly, Dimitris Papanikolaou and Joshua Krieger Investment in intangible capital—in particular, research and development—increased dramatically since the 1990s. However, output and measured productivity growth remains sluggish in recent years. One potential reason is that a significant share of the increase in intangible investment is geared toward consumer products such as pharmaceutical drugs... Featured Case Best Buy's Corie Barry: Confronting the COVID-19 Pandemic By: William W. George and Amram Migdal This case examines the leadership of Corie Barry, the new CEO of Best Buy, with a focus on actions the company took in 2020 to adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic. The case includes a history of Best Buy’s strategy and leadership, including the transitions between the company’s founder and the subsequent four CEOs. In particular, the career trajectory of CEO Corie Barry is described in detail. Featured Case Best Buy's Corie Barry: Confronting the COVID-19 Pandemic By: William W. George and Amram Migdal This case examines the leadership of Corie Barry, the new CEO of Best Buy, with a focus on actions the company took in 2020 to adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic. The case includes a history of Best Buy’s strategy and leadership, including the transitions between the company’s founder and the subsequent four CEOs. In particular, the career trajectory... Featured Case Rosalind Fox at John Deere By: Anthony Mayo and Olivia Hull Rosalind Fox, the factory manager at John Deere’s Des Moines, Iowa plant, has improved the financial standing of the factory in the three years she’s been at its helm. But employee engagement scores—which measured employees’ satisfaction with working conditions and enthusiasm about their work— have remained lackluster. As the first Black female factory manager to lead the plant, Fox considers how to build stronger bonds with her staff, who are mostly white men. The case describes how Fox took charge and established her credibility while building and nurturing a diverse leadership team. Featured Case Rosalind Fox at John Deere By: Anthony Mayo and Olivia Hull Rosalind Fox, the factory manager at John Deere’s Des Moines, Iowa plant, has improved the financial standing of the factory in the three years she’s been at its helm. But employee engagement scores—which measured employees’ satisfaction with working conditions and enthusiasm about their work— have remained lackluster. As the first Black female... HBS Working Knowledge Fairness or Control: What Determines Elected Local Leaders’ Support for Hosting Refugees in Their Community? By: Kristin Fabbe, Eleni Kyrkopoulou, Konstantinos Matakos, and Asli Unan Local politicians are not adamantly opposed to setting up host sites for refugees in their municipalities. However, they want a fair process to ensure that interaction between refugees and residents is limited, gradual, and mediated. Most importantly, local politicians want to control those interactions. HBS Working Knowledge Fairness or Control: What Determines Elected Local Leaders’ Support for Hosting Refugees in Their Community? By: Kristin Fabbe, Eleni Kyrkopoulou, Konstantinos Matakos, and Asli Unan Local politicians are not adamantly opposed to setting up host sites for refugees in their municipalities. However, they want a fair process to ensure that interaction between refugees and residents is limited, gradual, and mediated. Most importantly, local politicians want to control those interactions. HBS Working Paper Working from Home during COVID-19: Evidence from Time-Use Studies By: Thomaz Teodorovicz, Raffaella Sadun, Andrew L. Kun and Orit Shaer We assess how the sudden and widespread shift to working from home during the pandemic impacted how knowledge workers allocate time throughout their working day. We analyzed the results from an online time-use survey that collected data on 1,192 knowledge workers in two waves, a pre-pandemic wave collected in August/2019 (615 participants) and a post-pandemic wave collected in August/2020 (577 participants). Our findings indicate that the forced transition to WFH created by the COVID pandemic was associated with a drastic reduction in commuting time, and an increase in time spent in work and/or personal activities. HBS Working Paper Working from Home during COVID-19: Evidence from Time-Use Studies By: Thomaz Teodorovicz, Raffaella Sadun, Andrew L. Kun and Orit Shaer We assess how the sudden and widespread shift to working from home during the pandemic impacted how knowledge workers allocate time throughout their working day. We analyzed the results from an online time-use survey that collected data on 1,192 knowledge workers in two waves, a pre-pandemic wave collected in August/2019 (615 participants) and a... Initiatives & Projects U.S. Competitiveness The U.S. Competitiveness Project is a research-led effort to understand and improve the competitiveness of the United States. The project is committed to identifying practical steps that business leaders can take to strengthen the U.S. economy. →All Initiatives & Projects Seminars & Conferences Apr 06 06 Apr 2021 Katja Seim, Yale School of Management Apr 07 07 Apr 2021 Thomas (Toto) Graeber, Harvard Business School →More Seminars & Conferences Recent Publications Does Observability Amplify Sensitivity to Moral Frames? Evaluating a Reputation-Based Account of Moral Preferences By: Valerio Capraro, Jillian J. Jordan and Ben Tappin 2021 | Working Paper | Faculty Research A growing body of work suggests that people are sensitive to moral framing in economic games involving prosociality, suggesting that people hold moral preferences for doing the “right thing”. What gives rise to these preferences? Here, we evaluate the explanatory power of a reputation-based account, which proposes that people respond to moral frames because they are motivated to look good in the eyes of others. Across four pre-registered experiments (total N = 9,601), we investigated whether reputational incentives amplify sensitivity to framing effects. Studies 1-3 manipulated (i) whether moral or neutral framing was used to describe a Trade-Off Game (in which participants chose between prioritizing equality or efficiency) and (ii) whether Trade-Off Game choices were observable to a social partner in a subsequent Trust Game. These studies found that observability does not significantly amplify sensitivity to moral framing. Study 4 ruled out the alternative explanation that the observability manipulation from Studies 1-3 is too weak to influence behavior. In Study 4, the same observability manipulation did significantly amplify sensitivity to normative information (about what others see as moral in the Trade-Off Game). Together, these results suggest that moral frames may tap into moral preferences that are relatively deeply internalized, such that the power of moral frames is not strongly enhanced by making the morally-framed behavior observable to others. Citation Related Capraro, Valerio, Jillian J. Jordan, and Ben Tappin. "Does Observability Amplify Sensitivity to Moral Frames? Evaluating a Reputation-Based Account of Moral Preferences." Working Paper, January 2021. Why Do Successful Women Feel So Guilty? By: Debora Spar June 2012 | Editorial | The Atlantic Citation Related Spar, Debora. "Why Do Successful Women Feel So Guilty?" The Atlantic (June 28, 2012). Large-Scale Field Experiment Shows Null Effects of Team Demographic Diversity on Outsiders' Willingness to Support the Team By: Edward H. Chang, Erika L. Kirgios and Rosanna K. Smith 2021 | Article | Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Demographic diversity in the United States is rising, and increasingly, work is conducted in teams. These co-occurring phenomena suggest that it might be increasingly common for work to be conducted by demographically diverse teams. But to date, in spite of copious field experimental evidence documenting that individuals are treated differently based on their demographic identity, we have little evidence from field experiments to establish how and whether teams are treated differently based on their levels of demographic diversity. To answer this question, we present the results of a preregistered, large-scale (n=9496) field experiment testing whether team demographic diversity affects outsiders’ responses to the team. Participants were asked via email to donate money to support the work of a team that was described and depicted as demographically diverse, or not. Even though the study was well-powered to detect even small effects (i.e., differences of less than 1.5 percentage points in donation rates), we found no significant differences in people’s willingness to donate to a more diverse versus a less diverse team. We also did not find moderation by participant gender, racial diversity of the participant’s zip code, or political leaning of the participant’s zip code, suggesting that the lack of a main effect is not due to competing mechanisms cancelling out a main effect. These results suggest past research on the effects of demographic diversity on team support may not generalize to the field, highlighting the need for additional field experimental research on people’s responses to demographically diverse teams. Citation Related Chang, Edward H., Erika L. Kirgios, and Rosanna K. Smith. "Large-Scale Field Experiment Shows Null Effects of Team Demographic Diversity on Outsiders' Willingness to Support the Team." Art. 104099. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 94 (May 2021). Does Observability Amplify Sensitivity to Moral Frames? Evaluating a Reputation-Based Account of Moral Preferences By: Valerio Capraro, Jillian J. Jordan and Ben Tappin 2021 | Article | Journal of Experimental Social Psychology A growing body of work suggests that people are sensitive to moral framing in economic games involving prosociality, suggesting that people hold moral preferences for doing the “right thing”. What gives rise to these preferences? Here, we evaluate the explanatory power of a reputation-based account, which proposes that people respond to moral frames because they are motivated to look good in the eyes of others. Across four pre-registered experiments (total N = 9,601), we investigated whether reputational incentives amplify sensitivity to framing effects. Studies 1-3 manipulated (i) whether moral or neutral framing was used to describe a Trade-Off Game (in which participants chose between prioritizing equality or efficiency) and (ii) whether Trade-Off Game choices were observable to a social partner in a subsequent Trust Game. These studies found that observability does not significantly amplify sensitivity to moral framing. Study 4 ruled out the alternative explanation that the observability manipulation from Studies 1-3 is too weak to influence behavior. In Study 4, the same observability manipulation did significantly amplify sensitivity to normative information (about what others see as moral in the Trade-Off Game). Together, these results suggest that moral frames may tap into moral preferences that are relatively deeply internalized, such that the power of moral frames is not strongly enhanced by making the morally-framed behavior observable to others. Citation Related Capraro, Valerio, Jillian J. Jordan, and Ben Tappin. "Does Observability Amplify Sensitivity to Moral Frames? Evaluating a Reputation-Based Account of Moral Preferences." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 94 (May 2021). How to Build a Life: The Hidden Toll of Remote Work By: Arthur C. Brooks April 1, 2021 | Article | The Atlantic Citation Related Brooks, Arthur C. "How to Build a Life: The Hidden Toll of Remote Work." The Atlantic (April 1, 2021). Glass Half-Broken: Shattering the Barriers That Still Hold Women Back at Work By: Colleen Ammerman and Boris Groysberg 2021 | Book | Faculty Research Why does the gender gap persist and how can we close it? For years women have made up the majority of college-educated workers in the United States. In 2019, the gap between the percentage of women and the percentage of men in the workforce was the smallest on record. But despite these statistics, women remain underrepresented in positions of power and status, with the highest-paying jobs the most gender-imbalanced. Even in fields where the numbers of men and women are roughly equal, or where women actually make up the majority, leadership ranks remain male-dominated. The persistence of these inequalities begs the question: Why haven't we made more progress? In Glass Half-Broken, HBS Gender Initiative director Colleen Ammerman and Boris Groysberg reveal the pervasive organizational obstacles and managerial actions—limited opportunities for development, lack of role models and sponsors, and bias in hiring, compensation, and promotion—that create gender imbalances. Bringing to light the key findings from the latest research in psychology, sociology, organizational behavior, and economics, Ammerman and Groysberg show that throughout their careers—from entry-level to mid-level to senior-level positions—women get pushed out of the leadership pipeline, each time for different reasons. Presenting organizational and managerial strategies designed to weaken and ultimately break down these barriers, Glass Half-Broken is the authoritative resource that managers and leaders at all levels can use to finally shatter the glass ceiling. Citation Purchase Related Ammerman, Colleen, and Boris Groysberg. Glass Half-Broken: Shattering the Barriers That Still Hold Women Back at Work. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2021. Building Cities' Collaborative Muscle By: Jorrit De Jong, Amy C. Edmondson, Mark Moore, Hannah Riley-Bowles, Jan Rivkin, Eva Flavia Martínez Orbegozo and Santiago Pulido-Gomez Spring 2021 | Article | Stanford Social Innovation Review (website) The most pressing social problems facing cities today require multiagency and cross-sector solutions. We offer tools and techniques to facilitate the process of diagnosing and solving problems by breaking down silos to build up cities. Citation Related De Jong, Jorrit, Amy C. Edmondson, Mark Moore, Hannah Riley-Bowles, Jan Rivkin, Eva Flavia Martínez Orbegozo, and Santiago Pulido-Gomez. "Building Cities' Collaborative Muscle." Stanford Social Innovation Review (website) (Spring 2021). Utilizing Time-driven Activity-based Costing to Determine Open Radical Cystectomy and Ileal Conduit Surgical Episode Cost Drivers By: Janet Baack Kukreja, Mohamed A. Seif, Marissa W. Merry, James R. Incalcaterra, Ashish M. Kamat, Colin P. Dinney, Jay B. Shah, Thomas W. Feeley and Neema Navai April 2021 | Article | Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations Objectives Patients undergoing radical cystectomy represent a particularly resource-intensive patient population. Time-driven activity based costing (TDABC) assigns time to events and then costs are based on the people involved in providing care for specific events. To determine the major cost drivers of radical cystectomy care we used a TDABC analysis for the cystectomy care pathway. Subjects and methods We retrospectively reviewed a random sample of 100 patients out of 717 eligible patients undergoing open radical cystectomy and ileal conduit for bladder cancer at our institution between 2012 and 2015. We defined the cycle of care as beginning at the preoperative clinic visit and ending with the 90-day postoperative clinic visit. TDABC was carried out with construction of detailed process maps. Capacity cost rates were calculated and the care cycle was divided into 3 phases: surgical, inpatient, and readmissions. Costs were normalized to the lowest cost driver within the cohort. Results The mean length of stay was 6.9 days. Total inpatient care was the main driver of cost for radical cystectomy making up 32% of the total costs. Inpatient costs were mainly driven by inpatient staff care (76%). Readmissions were responsible for 29% of costs. Surgery was 31% of the costs, with the majority derived from operating room staff costs (65%). Conclusion The major driver of cost in a radical cystectomy pathway is the inpatient stay, closely followed by operating room costs. Surgical costs, inpatient care and readmissions all remain significant sources of expense for cystectomy and efforts to reduce cystectomy costs should be focused in these areas. Citation Related Kukreja, Janet Baack, Mohamed A. Seif, Marissa W. Merry, James R. Incalcaterra, Ashish M. Kamat, Colin P. Dinney, Jay B. Shah, Thomas W. Feeley, and Neema Navai. "Utilizing Time-driven Activity-based Costing to Determine Open Radical Cystectomy and Ileal Conduit Surgical Episode Cost Drivers." Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations 39, no. 4 (April 2021). More Publications In The News 05 Apr 2021 St. Louis Post-Dispatch Nicklaus: America needs a more resilient medical supply chain, but self-sufficiency isn't the answer Re: Willy Shih 05 Apr 2021 The Harbus Leadership Truths that Transcend the Pandemic By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter 04 Apr 2021 Quartz How to support employee mental health from every level of the firm Re: Tsedal Neeley 02 Apr 2021 Harvard Business School Salary Negotiations: A Catch-22 for Women Re: Julian Zlatev →More Faculty News The Case Method Introduced by HBS faculty to business education in 1925, the case method is a powerful interactive learning process that puts students in the shoes of a leader faced with a real-world management issue and challenges them to propose and justify a resolution. Today, HBS remains an authority on teaching by the case method. 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