Hydarnes - Wikipedia Hydarnes From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Satrap of Parthia, Hyrcania, Media, Matiene and Sophene Hydarnes Satrap of Parthia, Hyrcania, Media, Matiene and Sophene Darius I, and five other conspirators, including Hydarnes, invoking the sun to become King. Reign 521 - 480 BC Issue Hydarnes II, Stateira, Terituchmes, Sisamnes Full name Vidarna House Achaemenid Dynasty Orontid Hydarnes I or Hidarnes I (Greek: Ὑδάρνης, from Old Persian Vidaṛna), also known as Hidarnes the Old by contrast with his son Hidarnes the Young, son of Bagābigna, was a Persian nobleman of the Orontid dynasty during the Achaemenid Empire in the late 6th and early 5th centuries BC. He was one of the seven conspirators against the usurper, Gaumâta, who killed him and then proclaimed Darius I as the Persian king. His name appears in the Behistun inscription among the six conspirators who supported the rise of Darius the Great. Hydarnes then served Darius I as a commander and remained influential during his reign. Contents 1 Etymology 2 Life 3 Descendance 4 References 5 Notes Etymology[edit] The etymology of Vidarna is debatable[citation needed]. It is possible that it is from the root vida meaning knowledge with Vidarna signifying "the one who knows"[citation needed]. Others believe the compound vi-drna suggests "strike" as in "one who strikes"[citation needed]. The latter etymology raises an interesting prospect, for in Modern Persian and Urdu there is a possible surviving variant of the name in H(a)idar (حیدر) long thought to be of Arabic origin due to its literation but which means lion (the striking animal)[citation needed]. If this is so, Vidarna could be rendered lion-like. for the lion also had obvious associations with Mithra, a major god of the Achaemenid religion[citation needed]. Life[edit] In 522 BC, a Magian named Gaumâta seized power in the Achaemenid empire, claiming to be Smerdis, the brother of the legitimate king Cambyses. Hydarnes was one of the seven conspirators along with Otanes, Ardumanish, Gobryas, Intaphrenes, Megabyzos and Darius against the usurper Gaumâta. After they killed Gaumâta in September 522 BC, they proclaimed Darius the new Great King of Persia.[1] After the successful transfer of power, Hydarnes served Darius I as a commander against the rebellious Medes under Phraortes[citation needed]. In 521 BC, the Persians defeated the Medes in a battle near Maruš (Mehriz, thirty kilometres south of modern Yazd).[2] Hydarnes remained an influential man during the reign of Darius. From tablets found at Persepolis, it is known that he was satrap of Media in 499 BC.[3] The influence of Hydarnes also secured the appointment of his sons as satraps. Herodotus states that Hydarnes’ son Sisamnes was the satrap of Aria and that the younger Hydarnes was "in command of the whole Asian seaboard".[4] During the Second Persian invasion of Greece in 480 BC, the younger Hydarnes was given command of the "Immortals";[5] while Sisamnes was given command of a levy of Arian troops.[6] Hidarnes established the "Yervandakan" feast in the name of the Orontid Dynasty, which sounds in Armenian as "Yervanduni". The feast was dedicated to the Orontid Dynasty, Van city or, as it was called in those days, Yervandakan, Lake Van and Hayots Canion Gorge.[7] Descendance[edit] Satrap Tissaphernes (445 BC–395 BC) was a grandson of Hydarnes. Tissaphernes, 4th century BC satrap of Lydia, was the great-grandson of Hydarnes. References[edit] Pierre Briant: From Cyrus to Alexander. A History of the Persian Empire. Translated by Peter T Daniels Eisenbrauns, 2002, ISBN 1-57506-031-0 Herodotus, Herodotus, with an English translation by A. D. Godley. Cambridge. Harvard University Press. 1920. Notes[edit] ^ Herodotus: Histories III, 70 ^ Behistun Inscription, Column 2, §25. ^ "Livius.org Articles on ancient history". Hydarnes (1). 1 January 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015. ^ Herodotus, Histories VI,133 ^ Herodotus: Histories. VII, 83 ^ Herodotus: Histories. VII, 66 ^ Khachatryan, Hayk (2006). 141 Kings of the Armenians. Erevan: Amaras. ISBN 978-99930-1-192-7 v t e Rulers in the Achaemenid Empire Family tree - Achaemenid Kingdom Kings of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire Achaemenes Ariaramnes Arsames Teispes Cyrus I Cambyses I Cyrus the Great (Cyrus II) Cambyses II Smerdis Gaumata Darius the Great (Darius I) Xerxes the Great (Xerxes I) Artaxerxes I Xerxes II Sogdianus Darius II Artaxerxes II Mnemon Artaxerxes III Ochus Artaxerxes IV Arses Darius III Codomannus Artaxerxes V Bessus Satraps of Lydia Tabalus Mazares Harpagus Oroetus Bagaeus Otanes Artaphernes I Artaphernes II Pissuthnes Tissaphernes Cyrus the Younger Tissaphernes Tithraustes Tiribazus Struthas Autophradates Spithridates Satraps of Hellespontine Phrygia Mitrobates Megabazus Megabates Oebares II Artabazus I Pharnabazus I Pharnaces II Pharnabazus II Ariobarzanes Artabazus II Pharnabazus III Arsites Satraps of Cappadocia Datames Ariamnes I Mithrobuzanes Ariarathes I Greek Governors of Asia Minor cities Miltiades Demaratus Gongylos Eurysthenes Prokles Histiaeus Aristagoras Themistocles Archeptolis Aridolis Amyntas II Philiscus Dynasts of Lycia Kheziga Kybernis Kuprilli Harpagus Teththiweibi Kheriga Kherei Arbinas Artembares Artumpara Mithrapata Perikle Dynasts of Caria Lygdamis I Artemisia Pisindelis Lygdamis II Adusius (satrap) Hecatomnus Mausolus Artemisia II Idrieus Ada Pixodarus Orontobates Ada Kings of Macedonia Amyntas I of Macedon Alexander I of Macedon Kings of Tyre Mattan IV Boulomenus Abdemon Evagoras Eugoras Azemilcus Kings of Sidon Eshmunazar I Tabnit Queen Amoashtart Eshmunazar II Bodashtart Yatonmilk Anysos Tetramnestos Baalshillem I Baana Baalshillem II Abdashtart I Tennes Evagoras II Abdashtart II Abdashtart III Satraps of Armenia Artasyrus Orontes I Darius III Orontes II Satraps of Egypt Aryandes Pherendates Achaemenes Arsames Pherendates II Sabaces Mazaces Satraps of Bactria Hystaspes Dadarsi Masistes Bessus Satraps of Media Hydarnes Hydarnes II Atropates Satraps of Cilicia Syennesis Camisares Mazaeus Arsames Other known satraps Megabyzus, Abrocomas, Belesys (Syria) Ochus (Hyrcania) Satibarzanes (Aria) Atizyes (Greater Phrygia) Phrataphernes (Parthia) Ariobarzanes (Persis) Abulites (Susiana) Mazaeus (Babylon) In most territories, Achaemenid rulers were succeeded by Hellenistic satraps and Hellenistic rulers from around 330 BC This Ancient Near East biographical article is a stub. 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You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hydarnes&oldid=1002461603" Categories: 5th-century BC Iranian people 6th-century BC Iranian people Achaemenid satraps of Media Officials of Darius the Great Ancient Near East people stubs Iranian history stubs Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from October 2015 All stub articles Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version Languages تۆرکجه Български Català Deutsch Español فارسی Français Հայերեն Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia עברית ქართული Latina 日本語 Norsk bokmål Português Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Українська Winaray Edit links This page was last edited on 24 January 2021, at 15:59 (UTC). 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