Artabazos II - Wikipedia Artabazos II From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search 4th-century BC Persian satrap Artabazos II Portrait of Artabazos II, from his gold coinage (fl. 389 – 328 BC). Allegiance Achaemenid Empire Years of service fl. 389 – 328 BC Rank Satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia Satrap of Bactria (under Alexander the Great) Battles/wars Great Satraps' Revolt Children Pharnabazus Artabazos II was Satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia, and ruled from its capital Daskyleion. Coin of Artabazos. Satrap of Dascylium, Lampsakos, Mysia, circa 356 BC Pharnacid dynasty (Satraps of Hellespontine Phrygia) c.550–497 BC (Pharnaces) c.480–455 BC Artabazus I c.455–430 BC Pharnabazus I c.430–420 BC Pharnaces II c.413–374 BC Pharnabazus II c.407–362 BC Ariobarzanes c.389–329 BC Artabazus II c.370–320 BC Pharnabazus III v t e Artabazos II (in Greek Αρτάβαζος) (fl. 389 – 328 BC) was a Persian general and satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia. He was the son of the Persian satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia Pharnabazus II, and younger kinsman (most probably nephew) of Ariobarzanes of Phrygia who revolted against Artaxerxes II around 356 BC. His first wife was an unnamed Greek woman from Rhodes, sister of the two mercenaries Mentor of Rhodes and Memnon of Rhodes.[1] Towards the end of his life, he became satrap of Bactria for Alexander the Great. Contents 1 Revolt of Datames 2 Rebellion against Artaxerxes III 2.1 Exile in Macedonia at the court of Philip II (352–342 BC) 3 Return to Persia 3.1 Hellenistic satrap of Bactria 4 Family 5 Notes 6 References 7 External links Revolt of Datames[edit] In 362 BC, Artabazos was sent by Artaxerxes II to capture Datames, the satrap of Cappadocia, who had joined in the Satraps' revolt to which participated Artabazus' brother, Ariobarzanes. However, Artabazos was defeated by Datames.[2] Artaxerxes II ultimately prevailed, and Ariobarzanes was crucified and Datames assassinated. Rebellion against Artaxerxes III[edit] Following the capture and death of his brother, Artabazos was made satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia, but in 356 BC he refused obedience to the new Persian king, Artaxerxes III. Artaxerxes had ordered the disbanding of all the satrapal armies of Asia Minor, as he felt that they could no longer guarantee peace in the west and was concerned that these armies equipped the western satraps with the means to revolt.[3] The order was ignored by Artabazus, who asked for the help of Athens in a rebellion against the king. Artabazos then became involved in a revolt against the king and against other satraps who acknowledged the authority of Artaxerxes III. Artabazos was at first supported by Chares, an Athenian general, and his mercenaries, whom he rewarded very generously. The gold coinage of Artabazos is thought to have been issued specifically to reward the troops of Chares.[4] The Satrap of Mysia, Orontes I, was also on his side. Later, Artabazos was also supported by the Thebans, who sent him 5,000 men under Pammenes. With the assistance of these and other allies, Artabazos defeated the King in two great battles. However, Artaxerxes III was later able to deprive Artabazos of his Athenian and Boeotian allies by counter-bribing them, whereupon Artabazos was defeated by the king's general, Autophradates, and was taken prisoner. Mentor and Memnon, two brothers-in-law of Artabazos, who had supported him, still continued the revolt, as they were aided by the Athenian mercenary leader, Charidemus. Together they were able to free Artabazos. Exile in Macedonia at the court of Philip II (352–342 BC)[edit] After this, Artabazos seems either to have continued his rebellious operations or at least started a fresh revolt. However, eventually, he had no choice but to flee with Memnon and his family. They went into exile and took refuge at the court of Philip II of Macedonia in Pella, together with their 11 sons and 10 daughters.[5] Artabazos, who was 37, and his family were exiled at the court of Philip II for about ten years, from 352 to 342, and during that time Artabazos became acquainted with the future Alexander the Great.[6][7] Barsine, daughter of Artabazos, and future wife of Alexander, grew up at the Macedonian court.[7] Return to Persia[edit] During the absence of Artabazos, Mentor of Rhodes, his brother-in-law, was of great service to the king of Persia in his war against Nectanebo II of Egypt. After the close of this war, in the summer of 342 BC, Artaxerxes gave Mentor the command against the rebellious satraps of western Asia. Mentor took advantage of this opportunity to ask the king to grant a pardon to Artabazos and Memnon. The king agreed and both men and their families were able to return to Persia.[8] In the subsequent reign of Darius III Codomannus, Artabazos distinguished himself by his loyalty and commitment to the new Persian king. He took part in the Battle of Gaugamela in 331 BC, and afterwards accompanied Darius on his flight from Alexander's Macedonian armies. Hellenistic satrap of Bactria[edit] After the final defeat and death of Darius III in 330 BC, Alexander recognised and rewarded Artabazos for his loyalty to the Persian king by giving him the satrapy of Bactria, a post he held until his death in 328 BC.[9] Family[edit] Claire Bloom as Barsine, daughter of Artabazos II, and Richard Burton as Alexander the Great, in the 1956 film Alexander the Great. Artabazos' daughter, Barsine, may have married Alexander and may have been the mother of Heracles. Another daughter, Artacama, was given in marriage to Ptolemy; and a third daughter, Artonis, was given in marriage to Eumenes. For Barsine, the daughter of Artabazus, who was the first lady Alexander took to his bed in Asia, and who brought him a son named Heracles, had two sisters; one of which, called Apame, he gave to Ptolemy; and the other, called Artonis, he gave to Eumenes, at the time when he was selecting Persian ladies as wives for his friends. — Plutarch, The Life of Eumenes.[10] In 328 BC, Artabazos resigned his satrapy, which was given to Cleitus the Black.[11][12] Artabazos also had a son named Pharnabazus (fl. 370–320 BC). Family tree of the later Pharnacids. Notes[edit] ^ Carney, Elizabeth Donnelly (2000). Women and Monarchy in Macedonia. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 101. ISBN 9780806132129. ^ Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca, xv. 91 ^ Sekunda, Nick; Nicholas V. Sekunda; Simon Chew (1992). The Persian Army 560–330 BC: 560–330 BC. Osprey Publishing. pp. 28. ISBN 1-85532-250-1. ^ CNG: MYSIA, Lampsakos. Artabazos. Satrap of Daskylion, circa 356 BC. AV Stater (16mm, 8.44 g, 4h). ^ Heckel, Waldemar (2008). Who's Who in the Age of Alexander the Great: Prosopography of Alexander's Empire. John Wiley & Sons. p. 290. ISBN 9781405154697. ^ Howe, Timothy; Brice, Lee L. (2015). Brill's Companion to Insurgency and Terrorism in the Ancient Mediterranean. BRILL. p. 170. ISBN 9789004284739. ^ a b Carney, Elizabeth Donnelly (2000). Women and Monarchy in Macedonia. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 101. ISBN 9780806132129. ^ Diodorus, xvi. 22, 34, 52; Demosthenes, Speeches, "Against Aristocrates", 154, 155, 157, 159, 163 ^ Hornblower, Simon (2011). The Greek World 479-323 BC. Routledge. p. 352. ISBN 9781136831256. ^ Plutarch: Life of Eumenes - translation. ^ Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri, iii. 23, 29, vii. 4; Curtius Rufus, Historiae Alexandri Magni, iii. 13, v. 9, 12, vi. 5, vii. 3, 5, viii. 1 ^ Roisman, Joseph (2002). Brill's Companion to Alexander the Great. BRILL. p. 221. ISBN 9789004217553. References[edit] Smith, William (editor); Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, "Artabazus (4)", Boston, (1867) Corso, Antonio. The Statue of Apollo Smintheus by Scopas and the Monumental Policy of the Satrap Artabazos. Actual Problems of Theory and History of Art: Collection of articles. Vol. 9. Ed: A. V. Zakharova, S. V. Maltseva, E. Iu. Staniukovich-Denisova. Lomonosov Moscow State University / St. Petersburg, NP-Print, 2019, pp. 75–79. ISSN 2312-2129. External links[edit] Livius, Artabazus (2) by Jona Lendering v t e Rulers in the Achaemenid Empire Family tree - Achaemenid Kingdom Kings of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire Achaemenes Ariaramnes Arsames Teispes Cyrus I Cambyses I Cyrus the Great (Cyrus II) Cambyses II Smerdis Gaumata Darius the Great (Darius I) Xerxes the Great (Xerxes I) Artaxerxes I Xerxes II Sogdianus Darius II Artaxerxes II Mnemon Artaxerxes III Ochus Artaxerxes IV Arses Darius III Codomannus Artaxerxes V Bessus Satraps of Lydia Tabalus Mazares Harpagus Oroetus Bagaeus Otanes Artaphernes I Artaphernes II Pissuthnes Tissaphernes Cyrus the Younger Tissaphernes Tithraustes Tiribazus Struthas Autophradates Spithridates Satraps of Hellespontine Phrygia Mitrobates Megabazus Megabates Oebares II Artabazus I Pharnabazus I Pharnaces II Pharnabazus II Ariobarzanes Artabazus II Pharnabazus III Arsites Satraps of Cappadocia Datames Ariamnes I Mithrobuzanes Ariarathes I Greek Governors of Asia Minor cities Miltiades Demaratus Gongylos Eurysthenes Prokles Histiaeus Aristagoras Themistocles Archeptolis Aridolis Amyntas II Philiscus Dynasts of Lycia Kheziga Kybernis Kuprilli Harpagus Teththiweibi Kheriga Kherei Arbinas Artembares Artumpara Mithrapata Perikle Dynasts of Caria Lygdamis I Artemisia Pisindelis Lygdamis II Adusius (satrap) Hecatomnus Mausolus Artemisia II Idrieus Ada Pixodarus Orontobates Ada Kings of Macedonia Amyntas I of Macedon Alexander I of Macedon Kings of Tyre Mattan IV Boulomenus Abdemon Evagoras Eugoras Azemilcus Kings of Sidon Eshmunazar I Tabnit Queen Amoashtart Eshmunazar II Bodashtart Yatonmilk Anysos Tetramnestos Baalshillem I Baana Baalshillem II Abdashtart I Tennes Evagoras II Abdashtart II Abdashtart III Satraps of Armenia Artasyrus Orontes I Darius III Orontes II Satraps of Egypt Aryandes Pherendates Achaemenes Arsames Pherendates II Sabaces Mazaces Satraps of Bactria Hystaspes Dadarsi Masistes Bessus Satraps of Media Hydarnes Hydarnes II Atropates Satraps of Cilicia Syennesis Camisares Mazaeus Arsames Other known satraps Megabyzus, Abrocomas, Belesys (Syria) Ochus (Hyrcania) Satibarzanes (Aria) Atizyes (Greater Phrygia) Phrataphernes (Parthia) Ariobarzanes (Persis) Abulites (Susiana) Mazaeus (Babylon) In most territories, Achaemenid rulers were succeeded by Hellenistic satraps and Hellenistic rulers from around 330 BC v t e Hellenistic satraps Satraps under Alexander the Great (334-323 BC) Ada (Queen of Caria) Asander, Menander (Lydia) Calas, Demarchus (Hellespontine Phrygia) Antigonus (Greater Phrygia) Balakros, Menes (Cilicia) Abistamenes (Cappadocia) Abdalonymus (Sidon) Mithrenes (Armenia) Mazaeus, Stamenes (Babylon) Mazakes (Mesopotamia) Abulites (Susiana) Oxydates, Atropates (Media) Phrasaortes, Oxines, Peucestas (Persis) Cleomenes of Naucratis (Egypt) Satibarzanes (Aria) Sibyrtius (Carmania) Autophradates (Tapuri, Mardi) Andragoras (Parthia) Amminapes, Phrataphernes, Pharismanes (Hyrcania and Parthia) Artabazos, Cleitus the Black, Amyntas (Bactria) Oxyartes (Paropamisia) Philip, Eudemus (India) Peithon, son of Agenor (Gandhara) Taxiles (Punjab) Porus (Indus) Satraps at the Partition of Babylon (323 BC) Antipater (Macedon and Greece) Philo (Illyria) Lysimachus (Thrace) Leonnatus (Hellespontine Phrygia) Antigonus (Phrygia) Asander (Caria) Nearchus (Lycia and Pamphylia) Menander (Lydia) Philotas (Cilicia) Eumenes (Cappadocia and Paphlagonia) Ptolemy (Egypt) Laomedon of Mytilene (Syria) Neoptolemus (Armenia) Peucestas (Persis) Arcesilaus (Mesopotamia) Peithon (Greater Media) Atropates (Lesser Media) Scynus (Susiana) Tlepolemus (Persia) Nicanor (Parthia) Phrataphernes (Armenia, Parthia) Antigenes (Susiana) Archon (Pelasgia) Philip (Hyrcania) Stasanor (Aria and Drangiana) Sibyrtius (Arachosia and Gedrosia) Amyntas (Bactria) Scythaeus (Sogdiana) Oxyartes (Paropamisia) Taxiles (Punjab) Peithon, son of Agenor (Gandhara) Porus (Indus) Satraps at the Partition of Triparadisus (321 BC) Antipater (Macedon and Greece) Lysimachus (Thrace) Arrhidaeus (Hellespontine Phrygia) Antigonus (Phrygia, Lycia and Pamphylia) Cassander (Caria) Cleitus the White (Lydia) Philoxenus (Cilicia) Nicanor (Cappadocia and Paphlagonia) Ptolemy (Egypt) Laomedon of Mytilene (Syria) Peucestas (Persis) Amphimachus (Mesopotamia) Peithon (Media) Tlepolemus (Carmania) Philip (Parthia) Antigenes (Susiana) Seleucus (Babylonia) Stasanor (Bactria and Sogdiana) Stasander (Aria and Drangiana) Sibyrtius (Arachosia and Gedrosia) Oxyartes (Paropamisia) Taxiles (Punjab) Peithon, son of Agenor (Gandhara) Porus (Indus) Later Satraps Peithon, son of Agenor (Babylon) Sibyrtius (Arachosia, Drangiana) Eudemus (Indus) Bagadates, Ardakhshir I, Wahbarz, Vadfradad I, Vadfradad II, Alexander c.220 BC (Persis) Andragoras (Parthia) Demodamas (Bactria, Sogdiana) Diodotus (Bactria) Alexander (Lydia) Molon c.220 BC, Timarchus, c.175 BC (Media) Apollodorus (Susiana) Ptolemaeus (Commagene) Noumenios, Hyspaosines c.150 BC (Characene) Hellenistic satraps were preceded by Achaemenid rulers, and followed or ruled by Hellenistic rulers Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Artabazos_II&oldid=979949259" Categories: 4th-century BC Iranian people 4th-century BC rulers Achaemenid satraps of Hellespontine Phrygia Alexander the Great Military leaders of the Achaemenid Empire Pharnacid dynasty Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description matches Wikidata AC with 0 elements Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version In other projects Wikimedia Commons Languages 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